http://hdl.handle.net/10288/367 Working papers and projects of William and Mary students, faculty, and staff Search the Channel search http://dspace.swem.wm.edu/simple-search http://hdl.handle.net/10288/548 Title: The Clash Between Youth Culture and Southern Conservatism at the College of William and Mary in the 1920s<br/><br/>Authors: Strauch, Tracy<br/><br/>Abstract: As F. Scott Fitzgerald foreshadowed in The Scandal Detectives, young people of the 1920s were to shape the course of the twentieth century. This decade represents one of the most significant periods in the history of the United States, redefining and reorienting American culture permanently. This era also shaped the College of William and Mary as it witnessed both physical expansion of the campus and greater student numbers than ever before. As enrollment swelled, the College became fertile ground for the youth revolution disseminating through universities across the country. However, despite the prevalence of cultural fads in movies and other outlets, students at the College were significantly less influenced by the youth culture movement than their peers at other universities. This may be largely attributed to J.A.C. Chandler, the conservative Baptist President of the College from 1919-1934 who maintained a strict watch over his students to ensure propriety at all times. The stringent rules that all students were expected to obey greatly hindered the levels of student expression seen at other universities. However, in other important regards, College students were extremely innovative, contributing to the youth culture movement that characterized the 1920s and redefined American culture.<br/><br/>Description: Final paper for the class W&M in the Jazz Age http://hdl.handle.net/10288/547 Title: The History of Catholic Campus Ministry at the College of William and Mary<br/><br/>Authors: Michalowski, Sarah<br/><br/>Abstract: In Virginia, the land of the Virgin Queen rather than the Virgin Mary, Roman Catholicism has traditionally been eclipsed, if not outright forbidden, by the originally state-supported Anglican Church. Yet, however concealed, the influence of Catholics in the Williamsburg area is undeniable. They have shaped, and in turn been shaped, by their home and their community. Catholics predate the British colonials in the historic triangle area, were an influential population during the growth of the college, and have remained throughout the centuries an integral thread in the fabric of this community. http://hdl.handle.net/10288/411 Title: Integration at Work: The First Labor History of The College of William and Mary<br/><br/>Authors: Brennan, Kelly; Bromley, Ben; Hilpert, Zach; Lincoln, Kim; McDonald, Maggie; Mohandesi, Salar; Murray, Caroline; Ponton, Vanessa; Seise, Cherie; Sisk, Constance; Walsh, Constance<br/><br/>Abstract: Williamsburg has always been a quietly conservative town. Throughout the first half of the twentieth century to the time of the Civil Rights Act, change happened slowly. Opportunities for African American residents had changed little after the Civil War. The black community was largely regulated to separate schools, segregated residential districts, and menial labor and unskilled jobs in town. Even as the town experienced economic success following the restoration of Colonial Williamsburg in the early 1930s, African Americans did not receive a proportional share of that prosperity. As the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation bought up land in the center of town, the displaced community dispersed to racially segregated neighborhoods. Black residents were relegated to the physical and figurative margins of the town. More than ever, there was a social disconnect between the city, the African American community, and Williamsburg institutions including Colonial Williamsburg and the College of William and Mary. As one of the town’s largest employers, the College of William and Mary served both to create and reinforce this divide. While many African Americans found employment at the College, supervisory roles were without exception held by white workers, a trend that continued into the 1970s. While reinforcing notions of servility in its hiring practices, the College generally embodied traditional southern racial boundaries in its admissions policy as well. As in Williamsburg, change at the College was a gradual and halting process.<br/><br/>Description: Table of ContentsIntroductionSection I: Race Relations and the Economic Condition of African Americans in Williamsburg- Williamsburg before the Restoration: 1880s to 1928- The Restoration of Colonial Williamsburg- Effects of the Restoration on Williamsburg to 1950Section II: “I go on forever:” The legacy of slavery, black labor at the College, and the curious career of Henry “Doc” Billups- The Dawning of the Modern College: William and Mary from 1930-1950Section III: All Deliberate Speed: The Fall of the Byrd Organization and Massive ResistanceSection IV: The Ice Starts to Crack: The College in a Time of Change - “As White Bread As You Can Get:” The Integration of William and Mary’s Student Body- The Existence of a Movement? - Equal Opportunity and Affirmative ActionConclusion Appendix Bibliography