Established 1840. 



THE 



Sixty-Fourth Year. 



Southern Planter 

A MONTHLY JOURNAL 

DEVOTED TO 

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture, 
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside. 

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET. RlCHHOND, VIRGINIA. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY, 

J. F. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager. 



Proprietors. 



Vol. 64. 



NOVEMBER, 1903. 



.^. 



No. II. 



FARM MANAGEMENT: 



CONTENTS. 



Editorial— Work for the Month 681 

Plant Food and Crop Production ... 684 

Farming in Southside Virginia 686 

Top Dressing Grass Land 688 

Grass Seed Mixtures 688 

Seeding Clover Alone 689 

Alfalfa in Southwest Virginia 689 

Hairy Vetch ■ 689 

Enquirer's Column (Detail Index, Page 713) . . 690 

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD: 

Editorial— Work for the Month 693 

" Planting an Orchard 693 

Orchard and Garden Notes 694 

Virginia State Horticultural Society 695 

Forcing Rhubarb in the Dark 696 

Gathering Apples 697 

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY: 

Hollow Horn — Hollow Tail 698 

Tick or Texas Fever 699 

Pure Bred Cattle in the South 699 

Editorial — Forest Home Dairy Farm, Loudoun 

County, Va 700 

Southwest Virginia Fair, Radford, 

Va 701 

A Convenient Hog Barn 701 



THE POULTRY YARD: 

Editorial — Preparing for Winter. 

How Layers are Made 

Why the Hens Do Not Lay 

Poultry Show in Richmond, Va. . 



THE HORSE: 

Notf 



703 
703 
703 
703 



704 



Mli 



n i^ntV:^ 1^ 



to ' an ^SlJAT a^[30L) - Virginia 706 

_ uilding 706 

Keeping Sees 707 

Tobacco Markets 705 

Farming as a Business 708 

A Chance for American Farmers— Money in 

Goatskins 711 

Good Roads 711 

A Corn Exhibit. 712 

Virginia Tobacco Growers Trying to Organize. . 712 

Grass for Name 712 

How to Get Rid of Fleas 712 

The Egg Laying Contest 712 



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The Southern Planter. 



DEVOTED TO 



PRACTICAL AND PROQRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE, 
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE. 



Agriculture Is the nursing mother of the Arts.—XENOPHON. 
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. --SULLY. 



64th Year. 



Richmond, November, 1903. 



No. II. 



Farm Management. 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 

The month of October has been up to this writing 
(20th) an ideal fall month and has done much to re- 
pair the effects of the abnormal season through 
which we have passed. Thousands probably millions 
of bushels of corn have been added to the crops of the 
year by the weather of October and whilst much of 
this will be defective from being either only par- 
tially matured, or from the effects of frost, yet it will 
make a very sensible addition to the feed bins of the 
country. Much spring wheat, too, has ben saved in 
far better condition than appeared at one time to be 
possible. Cotton has been enabled to make a decided 
improvement in condition, yield and quality, and the 
crop which at one time looked like being an abnor- 
mally small one for the acreage will probably be 
equal in quantity to that of last year. Late tobacco 
has ripened up nicely and is curing well. Second 
and even third crops of hay and forage crops of va- 
rious kinds have matured and been saved in fine con- 
dition and pastures have kept full of good eating 
and stock will go into winter quarters in fine condi- 
tion and with the assurance of plenty of feed for the 
winter months. For these and many other benefits 
conferred by the glorious month, we have had to close 
the crop season, farmers and all the people should 
on Thanksgiving Day not fail to give thanks to the 
"Giver of all things." 



The work of preparing the land for the wheat 
crop could not have been carried on under bet- 
ter conditions than October has provided. The 
land has been in fine working order and the 



weather has been such as to allow of the very best 
progress being made. Whilst it has been too warm 
to sow wheat without fear of injury from fly, yet the 
fine preparation of the land which has been possible 
will ensure such quick germination of the seed when 
sown as to make possible an ample growth before the 
cold becomes severe enoiigh to check it. We would 
urge again the importance of perfect preparation of 
the seed bed before sowing. Better be a week later 
in sowing even at this time of the year than sow on 
badly prepared land. The late Sir J. B. Lawes in 
his more than .50 years experiments in wheat growing 
demonstrated how capable is the Avheat plant of seek- 
ing and finding food sufficient for its growth even in 
land which presumably is lacking in fertility. He 
grew wheat on one piece of land every year contin- 
uously for over 50 years Avithout the application of 
any manure or fertilizer for the whole time, and yet 
succeeded in getting each year a fair crop, 12 bush- 
els to the acre, in the last year of the 50. He attrib- 
uted his success entirely to the fact that each year 
he made a perfect preparation of the land before 
seeding, plowing deeply and working and reworking 
until the seed bed was deep, fine and properly con- 
solidated below the top three inches. This point is 
also strongly brought out in the work done in carry- 
ing on the experiments in soil fertility by the De- 
partment of Agriculture discussed in the Bulletin 
from the Bureau of Soils upon which we comment 
in another article in this issue. The Cecil clay soils 
in Harford county, ^fd., under good cultivation and 
management give yields of 25 to 30 bushels of wheat 
to the acre, whilst the same Cecil clay soils in the 



682 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[November 



Statesville area in North Carolina which have practi- 
cally the same analytical content of plant food, only 
produce from 5 to 8 bushels to the acre under the 
ordinary system of management common in North 
Carolina, but with thorough cultivation and man- 
agement bring yields almost equal to the same soils 
in Maryland. This is only one of many similar in- 
stances to be found in the Bulletin. The average 
"wheat crop of the South this year, only some 8 bush- 
els to the acre and over a series of years not exceeding 
the 12 bushels secured by Sir J. B. Lawes after grow- 
ing wheat 50 years without manure or fertilizer, is 
one of whic'li the South has no cause to be proud. It 
could easily be doubled without the expenditure of 
a dollar an acre more for fertilizer by a proper sys- 
tem of rotation and perfect preparation of the soil 
before seeding. There is no profit in growing 12 
bushels of wheat to the acre, but money can be made 
in raising 25. Let each, one make an effort to reach 
this quantit}' by curtailing the area and making a 
perfect preparation of tliis smaller area. HarroAv 
and roll, harrow and roll until there are no clods left 
but only a compact, fine sub-surface and a fine sur- 
face 'i inches. Sow only perfectly clean seed and 
let this be only the largest and plumpest wheat you 
can obtain. Blow out all small and shrivelled grains. 
Put in the seed to the depth of li or 2 inches on 
heavy soil and rather deeper on light sandy soil. Sow 
from 1 to H bushels to the acre according to the fer- 
tility of the land, the lighter seeding on the richer 
land. Tn selecting the variety to sow choose one of 
the early maturing ones, like Fultz or Fulcaster, in 
order as far as possible to avoid loss from damage 
by rust, Avhich rarely attacks the crop until about 
the first or second week in June by which time the 
earlier varieties will have matured. We would like 
to see every farmer in the South make at least a 
small wheat crop. We ought at the worst to make 
our own bread at home and there is no reason why 
we should not do more than this. At present we do 
not feed ourselves. This year's crop is not going to 
be larger than will be reqiiired to meet our own and 
foreign demands and there need not therefore be any 
fear of a large surplus carried over for another year. 



The saving and storing of the corn and forage 
crops should receive constant attention whenever the 
weather permits until all are safely stored in the 
barn or in stacks near the buildings. It is lamentable 
to see the carelessness Avhich is common all over the 
South in this matter. Time, money and labor is ex- 
pended in growing the crop and then too often a great 
part of it is lost by neglect in cutting, curing and 



hauling it home. Especially is this the case with 
the corn crop. WTien once it is cut and set up in 
shocks all further thought of it seems to be aban- 
doned until necessity calls for the produce and this is 
often not until winter has actually set in and then 
the hands will be seen pulling down the shocks and 
shaking the snow off them and carrying them in, one 
or two at a time, just as need calls for them. At 
that time much of the food value has been lost and 
much of it is absolutely wasted. There is no excuse 
for such an unbusinesslike way of handling the crop 
in the South. Our long, usually fine falls, give am- 
ple opportunity for the housing of the crop befor<j 
winter sets in and this should be done as soon as 
ever the crop is ready for the house. The cutters, 
shredders and buskers make it possible to reduce the 
stalks into such a form that the fodder from a large 
area can be stored in small compass and when saved 
in this form it is practically as good as Timothy hay 
for feed. These machines are now being operated 
in many sections by the threshing machine men who 
travel from farm to farm and wherever a machine is 
not owned on the farm these should be secured to save 
the crop. Especially should their usefulness be ap- 
preciated at the. present time when labor is scarce 
and dear. If no machine is to be had then at least 
carry the fodder home as the corn is shucked and 
either put it under cover if room can be found for it, 
or put up in stacks and cover with straw to protect 
it. It is too valuable to waste in the field. Not only 
is this wastefulness seen in regard to the corn crop 
but we often see clover and other forage crops left 
in the field in cocks for Aveeks after they are fully 
cured. In such cases a large portion of the crop is 
but of little value except for bedding. Such a prac- 
tice is a strong reflection upon the business capacity 
of the farmer and causes unbounded astonishment to 
Northern and European farmers where every care is 
taken to save all that the labor of the season has pro- 
duced. Farming will never pay conducted under 
puch management. No business man in commercial 
life could succeed with such management. Very 
often the sole profit made in commercial undertak- 
ings is that made from the saving of the waste pro- 
ducts of the principal business. It is said, and we 
believe with truth, that the great packing houses of 
the West could make no profit but for the careful 
utilization of the offal and waste of the cattle and 
hogs slaughtered. 



All r^ot crops should be dug or pulled during this 
month though ruta baga titrnips need not and should 
not be pulled until the end of the montL A light 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



683 



frost will not hurt them and they will gain more 
weight during this month than during any other like 
period of their growth. Beets and Mangold wurt- 
zel beets should not be left to be frozen as they 
never keep well after frost has touched them. All 
root crops can be safely cared for during the winter, 
either in a dry cellar or shed, keeping them well cov- 
ered with straw, or they may be put in heaps or kilns 
in the field on high dry ground where the water wiJl 
drain from them. Tliese heaps should be covered 
first with straw to the depth of 6 inches and then 
with soil which should be beaten solid to throw off 
the rain. See that the roots are dry and clean of soil 
when stored and that the leaves or tops are cut off 
cleanly but without cutting into the roots themselves. 
The leaves should be left on the ground to be turned 
under to add humus to the soil. Young cattle and 
sheep may be allowed to pick them over before turn- 
'ing under but milch cows should not be allowed to 
eat them as they are very apt to taint the milk and 
butter. 



When all crops are safely housed keep the teams 
at work breaking the land intended to be cropped 
next year. Up to the end of thi§ month land so 
broken may be and should be seeded in rye or rye and 
English vetch. This will make a cover crop to pre- 
vent leaching of the fertility out of the soil durinjr 
the winter and spring and will make grazing and 
humns when plowed dov.Ti, or an early forage crop. 
Do not hesitate, however, to plow all land intended 
to be cropped next year whether it can be seeded or 
not and plow it deeply thus enabling it to hold and 
store moisture for the needs of the, coming crop and 
permit of the frration of the soil and the reduction of 
inert plant food into an available condition. Recent 
investigation has shown that all soils contain nearly 
the same amount of the three principal elements of 
plant food dissolvable by water, and that one of the 
greatest factors in plant production is the reduction 
of the soil by plowing and cultivation into such a 
fine condition as will permit of the action of the 
water content of the soil upon each particle of the 
soil, so that this natural plant food can be put into 
solution ready for the needs of the crop which only 
feeds upon liquid food. The greater the amoimt of 
this plant food thus dissolved and held in solution the 
greater will be the yield of the crop. This dissolv- 
ing of the natural plant food of the soil is a work 
requiring time and hence the importance of breaking 
the land in the fall and winter months. We are con- 
vinced from long practical experience and as the re- 
sult of recent scientific investigation that the main 



factors in successful crop production are not so much 
the application of fertilizers of any kind as the se- 
curing in the soil of a high moisture content and of 
soil microbic life. These microbes are silent workers 
in the interest oi the farm and without their presence 
no high condition of fertility is possible. Every- 
thing possible should be done to encourage their pres- 
ence and a finely broken condition of the soil is one 
of the first things required. This is the proper time 
to set about securing this finely broken condition be- 
fore the soil has become unfit for plowing with the 
winter rains, and this breaking should be followed 
wherever possible by the addition of lime to the soil 
to correct any acidity and thus secure that alkaline 
condition of the soil which is necessary to the life of 
the microbes, and then, by the spreading of even a 
light covering of farm yard manure which is the 
principal medium through which the microbes are 
introduced into the soil. In a recent examination of 
the soil of a noted small farm in Pennsylvania where 
20 cows are kept on 15 acres of land and where the 
manure from this stock is constantly applied to the 
land each foot of the soil was found to contain sev- 
eral million more of these microbes than the soil of 
an adjoining farm where little manure was applied 
and the soil was badly worked. The soil of the 
small farm was producing all the forage crops needed 
to feed this large herd of stock, making two and three 
crops per acre each year, whilst on the adjoining 
farm it was difficult to make even one paying crop 
per year. Another great advantage in fall and win- 
ter plowing is that it relieves the spring pressure of 
work and can be done with so much less injury to the 
team than in the spring. It also causes a quicker 
warming of the soil in spring and thus permits of 
earlier planting. Don't let the horses or mules stand 
in the stable in fine Aveather eating their heads off, 
but keep them at work in the fields. Even if land 
plowed now should require plowing again in the 
spring this will not hurt it but will only add to its 
productivity. We in the Sonili plnxv too many acres 
but nerer plow acres too frequently. Plow and cul- 
tivate fewer acres but plow and cultivate them much 
more frequently, and thus make available the natural 
fertility in the soil and save money now spent in fer- 
tilizer which at best only give temporary fertility 
to the soil. 



Have you seen to it that all your barns, stables, 
sheds and pens have been put into a good state of re- 
pair, roofs made water proof, windows reglazed, and 
walls cleaned and limewashed? If not no time 
should be lost in having this work done. Whilst 



684 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[November 



stock will do verj well oiit in the pastures during the 
day for some time vet. the niglits are getting too cold 
for them to be comfortable and if not comfortable 
they cannot make a profitable use of the feed they 
are eating. To bring them up and put them in sta- 
bles through which the wind whistles and into which 
the rain leaks will not make them anv more comfort- 
able or profitable. If you have not already a good 
tight concrete floor in your stables and cowsheds have 
this remedied at once. You are losing money ever} 
day your cattle stand on a floor that does not prevent 
loss of the urine. A barrel of cement which will not 
cost over $2 or $2.50 will with some finely broken 
rock and sand, make a floor which will save this loss. 
You can do the work of mixing and laying yourself. 
The proportions should be 9 parts rock, 2 parts sand 
and 1 part cement for the body of the floor. Mix the 
sand and cement dry, then add to the rock and make 
into a mortar with sufficient water and lay it 4 inches 
thick and beat solid. After this is laid cover the sur- 
face half an inch ihick with another layer made of two 
parts of clean sand and one part of cement mixed with 
water thin enough to spread evenly. Keep stock ofi 
the floor for a week or ten days when it will be firmly 
set. Use plenty of straw or other trash to absorb the 
urine held by this floor and you will have manure 
worth putting on your land. A good manure pit 
should also be made convenient to all the stables and 
barns so that when it is not fit to take out the manure 
directly from the stables to the land which is alwaj's 
the best and most economical way in which to handle 
manure, it may be stored without serious loss. This 
pit should have a good hard clay bottom and should 
slope from the sides towards the centre so that the 
liqiiid may not run away. If covered with a shed 
money will be saved by protecting the manure from 
the weather. Don't make the pit where the drain- 
age from the roofs of the buildings will run into it. 
The rain which naturally falls on the manure will 
be all the water it needs. If the manure from ;!ie 
different kinds of stock be all mixed in this pit it 
will not overheat, but if the horse manure be put iii 
one place alone it will do so and much of its valui. 
be lost. 



See that the barn yard has a good fence around it 
so that when stock are turned out to drink or for ex- 
ercise they may not be able to ramble all over tl'- 
farm. Stock tramping on wet land do much injury 
to the crops. Have a gate or gates hung in the fence 
with proper means for fastening and make it a rule 
to keep them closed except when needed for passaj^c. 
It is well to hang the gate so that it will close itself. 



Have good dry pathways made from the house to , 
the difl'erent buildings. These should be elevated I 
above the general level of the land so that they will 
keep dry at all times. There are few farms where 
sufficient small rocks and gravel cannot be found to 
make these permanent improvements to the place and 
when once they have been made the comfort deri\ed 
from them in being able to go about from building 
to building in wet weather without wading through 
mud and water will be so appreciated that they v/ill 
never be dispensed ith. Around the hoiise and to the 
wood shed it will be well to make the walks of 3 inch 
slats nailed on two 2x4 inch bearers laid 2 feet 
inches apart. This will ensure dry, clean walks at 
all times and prevent much dirt being carried into 
the house. 



See that there is a good supply of dry seasoned 
wood in the wood house and at the wood pile. Do 
not subject the women of the hoiise to the annoy an -e 
of having to cook meals and keep the house warm 



with wet green wood. 



PLANT FOOD AND CROP PRODUCTION, 

For more years than we can recall agricitltnral 
writers, scientific authorities and practical farmers 
liave been engaged in discussion of the problems af- 
fecting crop production and the discussion still pro- 
ceeds even more vigorously than ever before. Yi'ilh 
the spreaid of scientific education and the realisation 
that if farming is to be made profitable it must be 
conducted on scientific principles thousands who 
were formerly content to follow in the footsteps of 
their fathers find it absolutely necessary to give heed 
to the teachings of the expert scientists as to how and 
with what to feed their crops and fertilize their 
lands. The difficulty they experience in doing this 
is to know what teaching to follow. In the early 
days when farmers first began to realize that their 
lands in the old country needed help they were ad- 
vised by Jethro Tull that "cultivation was the fer- 
tilizer they needed." Many accepted the advice and 
profited by it. Then investigation by scientific chem- 
ists having demonstrated that the food plants needed 
was nitrogen, phosporic acid and potash in an avail- 
able form Peruvian Guano to supply the nitrogen 
the German potash salts to supply the potash and 
super phosphate to supply the phosphoric acid were 
put within the reach of farmers and were found to 
give good results. Experience in the use of these 
fertilizers has, however, demonstrated the truth that 
to secure continued good results their use must when 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



685 



once applied be continued and even then their ac- 
tion is very uncertain. One year they give excellent 
returns, whilst in another year and on the same crop 
no results can he seen. On one piece of land they 
will tell immediately whilst upon another their ac- 
tion will be inappreciable. These results led to the 
conclusion that what was needed was a chemical 
analysis of the soil in order to determine what were 
the plant food constituents lacking therein in order 
that these might be supplied. Experience, however, 
with this laboratory analysis of soils has not given 
siich results as to warrant confidence in its use. Too 
often the chemist bv means of his powerful acid sol- 
vents has found the soil to be well sTipplied with all 
the plant food needed, but thfe crop failed to make 
these available when only the natural solvents of the 
atmosphere were available. A careful consideration 
of all the work done in the past in advising and aid- 
ing farmers in the work of crop production and 
the practical application of these has led to the 
conclusion that other factors were at work deter- 
mining the crop productive capacity of land than 
those hitherto deemed conclusive and with a view 
to endeavour to find out what these were a great 
series of experiments has been conducted by the Bu 
reau of Soils of the Department of Agriculture under 
the direction of Profs. Whitney and Cameron. The 
result of these so far as tliev have proceeded has beer 
given to the world in a Bulletin just issued by the 
Department of of Agriculture. This Bulletin we re- 
gard as one of the most valuable ever published. 
After giving the results of the chemical examination 
of the natural moisture content, the true plant feeding 
constituent of all crops, of hundreds of samples of 
soil taken from typical soils in various parts of this 
country and abroad, the authors of the Bulletin say 
that the analyses show "that there are no wide varia 
tions in the amounts of plant food material goinr 
into solution where these various soils, so different 
in their other characteristics, are acted on by a defi- 
nit/C proportion of water for a short but definite 
length of time, in other words all types of soils fur- 
nish about the same amount of plant food when 
treated with the same proportion of water other con 
ditions as time, temperature, &'c., being also the 
same. The conclusion seems inevitahle ihat all oxir 
principal soil types in fact all cuUivahle soils contadn 
naturally a nutrient solution which varies ivithin 
com,paratively narrow liniifs with regard either to 
composition or concentration and tchich is vsually 
sufficient for plant growth. Apparently, therefore, 
all these soils are amply supplied with the necesmry 



mineral plant foods and these plant foods are not in 
themseh^cs a matter of such paramownt importance 
fa the agriculturist, for their supply as regards the 
plant is determined by the supply of soil moisture 
which the crop can ohtoin from the soil. The chem- 
ical analysis of a soil can not in itself, therefore, 
throw much light upon the problem of fertility but 
when attempting to control the factors governing 
crop yield attention must be directed to the mechan- 
ical condition of the soil as affecting the supply of 
soil moisture with its dissolved mineral nutrients, 
to the effects of climate, to rotation, <S:c." In discuss- 
ing the effect of climate on the yield of the crop — 
climate in this connection being imderstood as to its 
effect on the soil and temperature — the aiithors of 
the Bulletin say that "the effect of climate is very 
marked, that cultivation changes the climatic condi- 
tions of the soil, that is it changes the relation of the 
soil to moisture and probably also to temperature. 
It also changes the character of the atmosphere com- 
ing in contact with the root system. We know that 
stable manure and lime for example have a marked 
influence upon the texture of the soil and therefore 
indirectly upon the climatic conditions. It seems 
possible that other fertili^^^er materials may produce 
effects of a similar character. If fertilizers have 
any influence upon the texture of the soil or upon 
the movement of soil moisture they will not only in- 
fluence the sup2:)ly of water which will be delivered 
to the plant but also the supply of nutrient materials 
normally contained in this water. The important 
practical inference, if this is so, is that fertilizers 
have io a certain extent the same effect as cultivation 
and cropping, hut it is nndouhfedly better to depend 
upon efficient methods of cultivation and cropping 
Ihan to rely upon fertilizers while at the same time 
neglecting to give proper attention to the physical 
condition of the soil. The effect clue to cultivation 
is also more permanent than the effect due to fertil- 
izers. Furthermore the influence of fertilizers on 
the yield of crops is not proportional to the amount 
of fertilizer added as it frequently happens that a 
small application is quite as efficient as a larger ap- 
nlication. Discussing the effects of commercial fer- 
tilizers on the yield of crops the authors remark that 
where the annual application of the fertilizer has 
been discontinued the effect is at once apparent in 
the smaller yield of crops. In other words on a soil 
which has a natural capacity for 13 or 15 bushels of 
wheat as the Bothampstead soils in England seem to 
have where wheat is grown continuously and fertil- 
izers have not been used for 50 years, the application 



686 



THE SOUTHEHN PLAN'TER. 



[November 



of certain fertilizers has increased the yield to 30 
bushels to tlie acre, but to maintain that yield a con- 
stant annnal application of fertilizer has to be given 
and subsequent applications merely maintain but do 
not increase the yield. It is recognized that in our 
O'rni soils when under intensive cultivation as in the 
truck and tobacco areas large applications of manure 
and fertilizers are often used amounting to from 2 to 
5 carloads of manure and 2,000 or 3,000 pounds per 
acre of the fertilizers the maximum effect of these 
is quickly obtained and these yields can only be main- 
tained by continued large applications. The results 
obtained in the experiment by the "Bureau of Soils go 
to show that these large annual applications of stable 
manure or of high grade fertilizers do not apparently 
change permanently the chemical composition of the 
soil as determined by chemical analysis of the water 
extracts, that is to say, immediately after the appli- 
cation the influence of the fertilizer can be seen iv 
the soluble salt content of the soil but not only is 
this comparatively slight, but fields that have been 
annually treated in this way for a number of years 
do not ^how on the average appreciably more water 
soluble plant food than adjoining soils upon which 
no such applications have ever been made." The Bui 
letin discusses the influence of the texture of the soil 
of rotation, and variety of the plant, on the yield of 
crops and also the action and use of commercial fer- 
tilizers and their influence on the fertility of the soil. 
These subjects we will take up in a subsequent article 
together with the conclusions to be drawn from the 
experiments. The point we will now emphasize is 
that the position we have taken up and enforced in 
our writing for years, that the physical and merlian- 
ical condition of a soil is of more influence and im- 
portance in the yield of the crop than the applica- 
tion of any fertilizer, is more than sustained by the 
evidence accumulated in the Bulletin, 



FARMING IN SOUTH-SIDE VIRGINIA, 

For years the greater part of the lands of the Cen- 
tral plain of Virginia south of the James river have 
been regarded as probably the poorest in the State, 
and as a consequence have been largely abandoned 
and allowed to grow up in broomsedge and pines, 
thus giving strong countenance to the prevailing 
opinion, and condemning these lands in the eyes of 
would-be settlers and buyers. That this opinion is 
not justified by the facts we propose to prove by show- 
ing what one intelligent, reading, systematic and 
practical farmer has succeeded in doing upon a farm 



in the centre of the condemned section and which 
farm when he took it in hand some ten years ago was 
regarded as being probably one of the very poorest in 
the whole "South-side," so poor indeed that it was 
freely said he would lose all he had on it and die of 
starvation. Intelligent management, persevering in- 
dustry, and the introduction of live stock and a di- 
versified system of agriculture, has redeemed the land 
and proved that naturally the soil has its fair pro- 
portion of inherent fertility and is capable of giving 
ample returns on capital invested, a good living for 
the owner and one of the finest homes in the State. 
The farm in question is "The Grove Stock Farm," 
situate in ITottoway county, near Burkeville, on the 
Xorfolk and Western and Southern Kailroads, owned 
and occupied by Mr. T. O. Sandy. The farm is a 
large one having an area of about 1,000 acres, but 
the owner wisely has not undertaken to bring all this 
area into a highly improved condition at once. He 
has pursued the course we have so repeatedly advised, 
made a few acres rich each year and kept them so, 
and gradually extended this area as the means per- 
mitted, until now he has over 300 acres producing ap 
fine crops as the richest river bottom lands in the 
State, although all the farm is upland. The residue 
of the farm has been inclosed with a wire fence and 
is used for the pasturage of live stock which are 
Gfradually working down the rough grasses and weeds 
and bringing in a good wire and Virginia blue grass 
?od capable of carrying and keeping fat a heavy head 
of stock. As an illustration of the capacity of the 
improved land to produce crops we cite what has 
been grown on some of the fields this year. On one 
20 acre field there has just been cut as fine a crop of 
corn as could be found in the State and which is 
uood for from 50 to 7f> bushels to the acre. On an 
8 acre field adjoining this two tons of Timothy hay 
per acre has been cut and saved. TSTear by in a field 
of fi^ acres has been grown a crop of corn for the Silo 
which has been the wonder of the neighborhood. One 
man describing it said that the corn was as tall as a 
house and as thick as a forest Mr. Julian Kuffin, a 
member of the State Board of Agriculture, and late 
President of that Board, who called to see the farm 
of which he had heard good reports, told us that he 
had never se-en better corn grow on the Pamunkey 
flats on which he farms and farms well. This field 
was a grass sod plowed and fitted well for the crop 
in April and May. One ton of agricultural lime to 
the acre sown broadcast was the only fertilizer ap- 
plied. The corn was planted the 20th May, the va- 
riety planted being Cockes prolific. It was planted 
in rows 3 feet 10 inches apart and the seed dropped 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



687 



8 inches apart in the row?. The crop was cultivated 
level 3 times. A gentleman who called to see the crop 
just before it was cut was so impressed with the quan- 
tity of corn on the land that he determined to ascer- 
tain closely Avhat number of stalks was growing 
upon an acre. By actual count made by himself and 



of land, sufficient to feed a herd of 24 cows for 8 
months. What a vision of prospective wealth to 
Southside farmers this opens when the thousands of 
acres in that section of the State now growing broom- 
sedge and pines are brought into subjection and prop- 
erlv farmed and managed. Near to this field another 




HOT.STZIN ITKKD OF THE GROVE FARM. 



Mr. Sandy the number was found to be 14,5G4. 
These stalks were not merely stalks, for nearly every 
one carried at least one ear and many 3 and 4 ears, 
the average for the whole crop being about 2 ears of 
good corn to the stalk. The product when cut filled 
two Silos holding fiO ton each or a total of 120 tons 
on the n^ acres. Silage made from such corn as this 
is worth much mere per acre for feeding milch cows 
than an equal quantity of the best hay as it contains 
both long feed and grain feed sufficient to insure a 
heavy yield of milk. At a fair estimate the value of 
such silage as feed cannot be taken at less than $8 
per ton or $1,000 worth of feed grown on 6 J acres 



one of -iO acres has grown a heavy crop of cow peas 
now made into hay with a yield of at least 1^ tons 
to the acre. The wheat crop on the farm like that of 
much of the South this year was a failure, but the 
land having been seeded with mixed grasses and 
clover with the wheat, this crop came on and made a 
fine yield of hay. In addition to these crops Mr. 
Sandy has on part of the improved part of the farm 
as fine a pasture of mixed grasses as can be found 
even in Southwest Virginia, which carried all sum- 
mer a heavy head of cattle, sheep and horses. The 
secret of success with all this land has been live 
stock and cow peas. Mr. Sandy is not a believer in 



688 



THE SOTTTHERIs^ PLANTER. 



[November 



the xtse of commercial fertilizers for the purpose of 
permanent improvement of land, whilst not opposed 
to the use of some form of Phosphate for starting the 
growth of peas. For this purpose he has used slag 
meal and got good results. He is, however, a strong- 
believer in the value of lime as an improver of the 
mechanical and physical condition of his lands. His 
experience in the use of lime he tells us has more 
than borne out all we have said in The Planter on 
the subject. It will now be asked by many Southside 
farmers what is the "money crop" of the farm. The 
answer is cream and choicely bred Holstein cattle, 
Dorset sheep, Hackney horses and Berkshire hogs. 
His herd of Holstein cows are heavy milkers, some 
of them giving as high as 4 gallons at a milking and 
few less than 2^ gallons. His milk is separated on 
the farm and the cream shipped daily to Richmond. 
For this product Mr. Sandy has a constant demand 
for more than he can supply. The secret of his suc- 
cess in securing and maintaining this demand is that 
he guarantees the percentage of butter fat in his 
cream and sells it at a price based on this percentage. 
Thus if a buyer wants rich cream he gets it and pays 
for it, whilst the one whose trade only calls for thin 
cream also gets it and pays proportionately less. The 
separated milk is used to feed calves and hogs, being 
enriched with grain feed as required by the animals 
being fed. For his Holstein calves and Berkshire 
hogs he has built up a fine trade through his standing 
advertisement in The Planter and rarely has any sur- 
plus stock, in fact, he cannot begin to supply the de- 
mand for his hogs. To accommodate the cattle and 
other stock Mr. tSandy has built commodious barns 
and stables and wisely does not crowd them into the 
same building as that which he uses for storing his 
feed. In this way he runs less risk from loss by fire 
and keeps his stock in better health and condition. 
All his young cattle and other stock are grazed diir- 
ing the summer months on the outlying part of the 
farm not yet broiight under improvement. The 
grass on this has improved so much year by year by 
the grazing of the difi^erent kinds of stock and the 
dropping of their manure that it now keeps them in 
fine condition. They are to-day as fat as though 
they had boen feeding on the blue grass sods of the 
Southwest — of course the land will not yet carry so 
much stock per acre as those lands but when not over- 
stocked will make as fine grown cattle as the best of 
those lands. The carrying capacity is growing year 
by year and Avhen brought into cultivation we doubt 
not they will be found capable of producing heavy 
crops. Such is briefly a record of what has been done 
on a poor Southside farm in a few yeare. Why will 



not others go and do likewise instead of growing only 
a few acres of tobacco and corn and letting the trust 
magnates and the grain speculators fix the price to 
be paid for the products. No coimtry that breeds 
and feeds stock is ever a poor one. The experience 
of every section of the world proves the truth of this 



TOP DRESSING GRASS LAND. 

At the Rhode Island Experiment Station three 
plots of land were seeded in grass in 1898 with 7| 
poxmds each of common red clover, redtop and 15 
poTmds of Timothy. These three plots were treated 
exactly alike excepting that one plot had received no 
nitrogen for 11 years while the second had received 
a small dressing and the third plot a large dressing 
of nitrate of soda annually since 1802. The large 
application of nitrate of soda yielded much the 
greater profit. In 1901 the value of the hay from 
the plot receiving the heavy dressing exceeded the 
cost of the fertilizer by $40.70 per acre and for the 
" years of the experiment by $90.72. In all instances 
the use of a complete fertilizer gave the best results. 
The plot receiving the full application of 63 pounds 
of nitrogen per acre in the form of 350 pounds of 
nitrate of soda to the acre yielded 3-^ tons of hay per 
acre in 1899, 4 tons in 1900, 4.} tons in 1901 and 4 
tons in 1902. The value of the hay exceeded the cost 
of the fertilizers by $19.02 per acre the first year, 
$30.40 the second year, $40.70 the third year and 
$32.74 the fourth year. The total excess in the value 
of the hay over the cost of fertilizers for the 4 years 
was $123.46 per acre, or an average of $30.87 per 
acre for each year. The fertilizer used in top dress- 
ing the grass consisted of 807 pounds of acid phos- 
phate containing 16 per cent, of phosphoric acid, 200 
pounds of muriate of potash and 400 pounds of ni- 
trate of soda. From the results of the four years ex- 
periments it is concluded that an application of 400 
pounds of acid phosphate, 200 to 250 pounds of mu- 
riate of potash and 350 pounds of nitrate of soda per 
acre would probably have given better net returns 
than the quantities applied. Top dressing run out 
land which is not filled with the proper kinds of grass 
roots is considered a waste of fertilizer. For such 
grass lands plowing and reseeding heavily is recom- 
mended. 



GRASS SEED MIXTURES. 

In a series of experiments conducted in Canada 
for several years, the following mixtures of grasses 
and clovers gave the best results. Tall meadow oat- 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



689 



grass and Alfalfa made a yield of 3.2 tons per acre. 
Tall naeadow oatgrass, orchard grass, mammoth red 
clover and Alfalfa made a yield of 3.1 tons per acre 
and Timothy and Alfalfa made a yield of 3.1 tons 
per acre. The best yields in 1902 were produced by 
Timothy with mammoth red clover, tall fescue with 
mammoth red clover, tall meadow oatgrass with mam- 
moth red clover and orchard grass with mammoth 
red clover. Small grain crops gro^\^l after clover 
gave on an average for 3 years 833 pounds of grain 
more per acre than the same crops groAvn after grass. 



SEEDING CLOVER ALONE. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

As I said in a former article I have seeded clover 
without cover crop in patches for many years past 
and must say that is the surest way to get a stand. 
When I bought this farm twenty -two years ago (I 
am not a farmer to the "manor born"), it needed 
much attention and I thoiight, plenty of clover sown 
on it. I asked my foreman what he could do Avith 
an oat stubble field with so much to do. He could 
do nothing biit harrow it. I remarked that I wanted 
to sow clover on it after he got it in order. He was 
a good practical farmer but like nearly all the farm- 
ers then, thought that clover needed a cover crop. 
He strongly advised against it and said I woiild lose 
the seed and labor. Others, very intelligent men, to 
whom I spoke of it, took the same view. I had only 
the experience of a town vegetable garden to base 
my opinion on, — That plants that got plenty of sun, 
air and moistxire were healthier and stronger than 
shaded ones. 

I seeded the field (22 acres). It cost me about 
seventy-five dollars for labor and seed and hauling 
stones ofl^, of which there were many, and mowing 
the weeds down in Aiigust, 

The field yielded the next season 30 tons of hay 
and 40 bushels of clover seed at $6 per bushel, with 
marked improvement to the soil. 

This place has improved in yield per acre fifty per 
cent., due chiefly to clover and live stock. I am al- 
ways glad to read your advice to farmers to sow 
clover, and sow it alone. 

Rockhridge county^ Tn. T. M. Wadk. 



ALFALFA IN SOUTHWEST VIRGINIA. 

"We are in receipt of a very fine specimen of alfalfa 
groAvn by Major W. W. Bentley, of Pulaski county, 
Va. ]\rajor Bentley says that the seed of the crop 
was sown on the 4th July, 1008. Tt Avas sowti in 



growing corn and made a good catch although the 
land was not inoculated with alfalfa bacteria. The 
plant sent, which was dug up in the middle of Sep- 
tember, 24 mouths after the seed was sown, was a 
part of the crop which grew on land at the end 
of the corn rows. The plant is a fine bushy one 
and measures three feet in length from the tip 
of the root to the top of the stems. This shows what 
a wonderful growth the crop is capable of making 
in a short time. There are, however, no nodules on 
the roots thus showing the land not to be inoculated 
as yet with the specific bacteria needed to ensure a 
permanent stand. Major Bentley proposes to procure 
inoculated soil and sow over the field and we doubt 
not then that he will secure a permanent stand. 
^Vhilst we do not advise the practise of seeding 
alfalfa in a standing crop of corn or indeed with a 
crop of any kind as it imdoubtedly does better sown 
alone, yet this example shows that in a favourable 
season for growth it will succeed on fertile land 
Avhen seeded with another crop. As Pulaski is one 
of the counties of Sovithwest Virginia with a high 
elevation we shall be axious to learn how the crop 
stands the winter there. 



HAIRY VETCH. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

On page 624 of the October issue I notice an arti- 
cle headed " Hairy Vetch." I will give you my ex- 
perience with the crop. In 1901 I bought 2^ pounds 
of vetch seed and sowed it on a very small patch of 
gro\md and got 1 peck of seed. In 1902 I put that 
peck of seed on a quarter of an acre of land and got 
2 bushels of seed. The vetch made a great growth 
on the land which had been in vetch before but not 
so good on the other part. Now while it was some 
trouble to get the crop harvested, it being put in with 
no other graiii, yet it paid me for all the trouble I had 
with it. I could have sold the seed for $10, besides 
getting a better crop of corn than I ever got off the 
land before, and T have a good stand of vetch yet. 
Will you please tell me how to get rye and vetch 
seed separated when they are threshed together ? 

Iredell county. N. C. 0. E. Shook. 

The separation of the two grains is effected by the 
regiilation of the blast of the fanning mill and by 
the use of appropriate screens or riddles in the mill. 
The one seed being heavier than the other when the 
blast is properly adjiTsted the barley will fall sep- 
arate fi'om the vetch seed almost completely. The 
perfect separation of the seed is then completed by 
the screens or riddles. — Er>. 



690 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[N'ovember 



ENQUIRER'S COLUMN. 



Enquiries should be sent to the office of The Southern Plan- 
ter, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the month for 
replies to appear in the next month's issue. 



Unsigned Enquiries. 

We have enquiries to hand frequently from par- 
ties who do not sign their names. Such is the case 
this month. We cannot give attention to such com- 
munications. For our own information and as proof 
of the bona fides of the writers we must require all 
enquiries to be signed by the writers. If they do not 
desire their names to appear in print they have mere- 
ly to say so and we will take care that their wish is 
respected. — Ed. 



Yield of Seed of Common Clover— Clover Hullers— 
Ticl<s on Cattle. 

1. What would be the approximate yield in bush- 
els of annual clover seed per ton of cured hay as cut 
with mower ? Would one ton of such hay be an 
average per acre ? 

2. Can clover seed be successfully threshed with 
a grain thresher and shaker to separate the straw 
from chaff. I have a fanning mill with clover clean- 
ing attachments. 

?>. Can yoTi inform me from whom I could buy a 
huller? (My idea being to thresh the clover with 
grain thresher as above stated, purchase a huller to 
hull same, then run through fanning mill. I have 
the grain thresher and fanning mill and do not wish 
to go to the expense of buying a regular clover 
thresher and huller, as I am only experimenting with 
clover seed raising.) 

4. To what extent would hay be damaged for cow 
feed if allowed to stand until seed were matured ? 

5. Tf clover be fertilized with 400 pounds acid 
phosphate and kainit, -S of acid to 1 of kainit in Jan- 
uary or February, would it not be a sufficient appli- 
cation to make a fair crop of clover and also be a 
sufficient fertilizing for a crop of corn or cotton to 
follow clover ? 

6. Would the spring rains leach it from the land ? 
Said lands are thoroughly ditched highlands which 
were improved this year with above application of 
fertilizer on them at time of sowing ? 

7. Is it necessary to apply nitrogen to either red 
or annual clovers ? I have read with interest your 
articles on tick fevers. I have .'SO head of cows and 
on which I venture to say there are not a dozen ticks 
and have not been in 3 years. I never allow them 
to run in regular pasture from October ].5th to 
April the 1st. The lots on which they run in win- 
ter have no stock on them in summer. 

Warren county, N. C. W. A. Coisr.vEix. 



1. The yield of Crimson clover seed runs from 3 
to 10 bushels to the acre. An average crop will make 
more than a ton of hay per acre probably half as 
much more. We have known over 2 tons made. 

2. We have heard of clover seed being threshed 
with a grain separator but we think there would be 
much loss of seed. 

3. Any of the agricultural implement dealers ad- 
vertising in The Planter will supply you with a 
huller. 

4. All hay that is allowed to mature seed is greatly 
reduced in value as feed for any kind of animals. 
In the process of producing and maturing the seed 
the feed value of the crop is largely transferred from 
the stems and leaves into the seed and this being re- 
moved or lost by shattering carries with it this food. 
In experiments made at the Illinois Experimental 
Station by Professor Hunt and others it was found 
that the protein (the muscle and flesh forming mat- 
ter) and the carbo hydrates (fat forming matter) 
both decreased as the clover neared maturity or the 
seed forming and ripening stage. At full bloom the 
crop contained 400 pounds of Protein. \Yhen three- 
fourths of the heads were dead this was reduced to 
379 pounds. The fat was 107 pounds at full bloom, 
1.50 pounds when three-fourths of the head were 
dead, the carbo hydrates were 1,052 pounds at full 
bloom and 1,024 pounds when three-fourths of the 
heads were dead. In Pennsylvania a considerably 
greater loss than this was shown when all the heads 
were dead ripe nearly one-fourth of the feed value 
having gone. After threshing much further loss 
would be shown as a large part of the leaves would 
be beaten into dust. 

5. The application of mineral fertilizers as a 
top dressing on grass or clover usually has little 
effect on the yield of the crop as they are so slowly 
soluble. They should be worked into the land pre- 
vious to sowing then they will be acted on by the soil 
moisture and the microbes in the soil and are made 
available. The application suggested should be of 
value if applied in this way to both the clover and 
com or cotton. 

6. ISTo. 7. Xo. — Er>. 



Keeping Sausage. 

I shall be very glad if some of the readers who 
have had experience will give me, through the col- 
umns of The Planter, the best method of keeping 
sausage fresh for spring and summer use. 

Also Pt^te an infallible remedy for keeping hams 
free from insects, etc. Att Enqttirer. 

Pittsylvania county, Va. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



691 



Will some reader please answer ? The rubbing of 
the hams with borax and black pepper will keep off 
insects. — Ed. 



The Use of Mineral Fertilizers. 

[ botight a rundown farm two years ago, but it has 
been getting better each year by cow peas, soja beans, 
i^'c. and what little manure I have been able to make. 
My hands have been tied for Avant of capital to buy 
stock. Although I am 60 years of age I have got the 
backbone to believe that if Mr. Bellwood can get hi? 
farm up as he has done, I can also by work. I have 
kept clean over 10 acres of peanuts and over 13 acres 
of corn and other crops without one cent of hire. 1 
work two horses on all my tools, yet I want more 
light. Does not Mr. TBellwood use mireral fertil- 
izer? ? You pay on page 620 that he does not use any 
commercial fertilizer. On page 623 you say that 
the legumes must have them. Please give me light 
on that, and T have no doubt but there are others that 
your answer Avill help. Gko. A. Greenk. 

Nansemond county. Va. 

This question of the necessity for the use of min- 
eral fertilizers in the growing of the leguminoiis 
crops is one which is likely to require much recon- 
sideration in the light of the information now given 
us in the Bulletin from the Department of Soils no- 
ticed in this issue. It is certain that these crops call 
for the plant food suplied by the mineral fertilizers 
and up to this time it has been thought necessary to 
supply them liberally and the results have seemed to 
jiistify the practise. But if as now seems to be the 
case all lands have a more than sufficient supply of 
these mineral foods for the growth of crops for years 
to come the problem would seem to be to devise the 
means for making these natural supplies available 
and thus avoid the necessity for purchasing them. 
The available means seem to be deep breaking and 
fine cultivation of the soil so that it may become per- 
meable by and capable of holding and feeding to the 
crop a heavy percentage of the water nat^^rally fall- 
ing on the land. This has been undoubtedly the 
cause of IMr. Bellwood's success in growing these 
leguminous crops successfully without the applica- 
tion of mineral fertilizers. The process is a slower 
one than that of supplying the need by buying the 
goods, but we believe that in the long run it will be 
the most successful and profitable as it will result in 
more permanent improvement of the soil. For years 
we have advocated this plan strongly from our prac- 
tical knowledge of its success in England where we 
know some of the most profitable farms never to have 
had an ounce of commercial fertilizer ijsed on them 
since they were brought into cultivation — hundreds 
of years ago — we have not, however, thought it wise 



to ignore the value of commercial fertilizers as ad- 
juncts to good farming and as a meiins of securing 
quicker returns from badly managed land. Many 
a poor man might die from starvation whilst waiting 
for the returns from his land if he neglected the 
means of securing the quicker returns which these 
fertilizers offer him. We believe that the true course 
to follow, when the work of restoring fertility to a 
worn out farm is imdertaken, is to use every means 
of improvement, plow deeply, cultivate fine, start a 
good system of rotation of crops which will give a 
frequent recurrence of recuperating crops (legumes) 
and help the good work by a judicious application 
of mineral plant food especially phosphoric acid on 
the leguminous crops and then as the land becomes 
more productive, to limit the use of these fertilizers 
to the growth of those crops which have a high ini- 
tial sale value and can be easily transported and be 
readily and quickly sold. These crops, like Irish and 
sweet potatoes and other truck and garden crops and 
also tobacco, in the sections to which it is adapted, 
can bear this extra cost, whilst bulky crops like corn 
and the other cereals, and hay which have a lower in- 
itial value and are more costly of transportation and 
in which, therefore, the item of freight is a large 
factor in the price, cannot afford to have so heavy a 
charge as that of bought fertilizers added to the cost 
of their production. These should be converted at 
home into a more condensed form and of a higher 
initial value and in the process of this conversion the 
manure made by the stock used in the conversion will 
make possible the production of other crops at a cost 
which they can bear and make permanent the im- 
provement of the fertility of the land. — En. 



Money Crop in Fairfax County, Va. 

What is the money crop in Fairfax county, Va. ? 

Union county, N. J. Jacob TC.vmmeretc. 

Truck and dairy products for the Washington 
markets and fat cattle and grain. There are also 
canneries in the county which put up surplus truck 
produce. — Ei/. 



Texas Fever Ticks- -Hollow Tail. 

Referring to articles on ticks in late issues of The 
Planter I beg to submit that ticks propagate them- 
selves on rabbits and dogs. The chances of those 
ticks which live on dog meat reproducing themselves 
effectively is pretty slender, with rabbit ticks it is 
otherwise. One season a piece of land which had not 
been in pasture for upwards of twenty years but was 
a favorite location for rabbits was fenced and when 
cattle were turned in proved to be infested with 



692 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[November 



ticks. In view of the above the only simple and sure 
way of getting rid of ticks is to get the cattle up once 
a week and pick off the ticks by hand till there are 
uo more. 

The diseased tails referred to by your correspond- 
ent at Shelby county, Ky., were very probably tuber- 
culous and cutting off above the affected place is the 
only practical remedy. Louis D'eLaCeoix. 

GraJiville coimly, N. C. 

We have no record of Texas fever ticks ever hav- 
ing been found on either dogs or rabbits. They have 
been found on deer and possibly the pasture referred 
to may have been infected from this source. As it 
was apparently an unfenced pasture may not some 
cattle have strayed into it and thus infested it ? We 
think ticks on rabbits would have as little chance of 
propagating themselves as those on dogs. — -Ed. 

Fertilizer for Irish Potatoes, Tobacco, Cotton, As- 
paragus and Corn. 

Would you kindly inform me through your val- 
uable columns : 

First — Whether the following mixture would 
make a good formula for an Irish potato fertilizer, 
and (b) if so what quantity of it should be applied 
per acre : 

650 pounds cotton seed meal. 
300 pounds nitrate of soda. 
800 pounds dissolved bone. 
250 pounds sulphate potash. 
Second — (a) Whether the following mixture 
would make a good fertilizer formula for tobacco, 
cotton, asparagus and corn, and (h) if so the re- 
spective quantities of it that should be used per acre 
on the crops above mentioned : 

fi50 pounds cotton seed meal. 
1200 pounds disscolved bone. 
150 pounds sulphate potash. 
Charleston county, S. C. New Subscriber. 

1. Yes, the ingredients mentioned in the propor- 
tions named will make a suitable fertilizer for Irish 
potatoes. Apply from 500 to 1,000 pounds to the 
acre. 

2. For asparagus reduce the bone to 1,000 pounds 
and increase the potash to 300 pounds. Apply 500 
pounds to the acre. For cotton. Experiments made 
in South Carolina indicate that the maximum quan- 
tity of fertilizer that can be in general used with ad- 
vantage are such as will furnish 50 pounds phos- 
phoric acid, 15 pounds of potash and 20 pounds of 
nitrogen to the acre. 400 pounds of 14 per cent, acid 
phosphate or dissolved bone, 150 pounds of kainit 
and 300 pounds of cotton seed meal per acre will 
nioet this requirement. 

For Tobacco. The fertilizer needed is one rich 



in nitrogen and potash (in the form of a sulphate), 
and low in phosphoric acid. The following ingredients 
and proportion have given excellent results: 160 
pounds of dried blood, or 80 pounds of nitrate of 
soda and 80 pounds of dried blood to supply the ni- 
trogen, 120 pounds of sulphate of potash and 114 
pounds of acid phosphate. 

For Corn. The dominant factor in the fertilizer 
should be phosphoric acid. Potash is of service fre- 
quently in sandy soils, but not usually needed much 
in clay soils, whilst nitrogen is only called for in 
soils deficient in vegetable matter. Wherever this 
is abundant the croj) will get all it needs. It is be- 
coming increasingly certain that corn has the power 
in some way to assimilate nitrogen from the atmos- 
phere like the legumes. Mix 1,200 pounds of 14 per 
cent, acid phosphate, 600 pounds of cotton seed meal J 
and 200 pounds of muriate of potash and apply 500 i 
pounds to the acre. — Ed. 



Grape Vines Diseased. 

I have some three year old grape vines which last 
year matui-ed a full crop of nice grapes the latter j 
part of September. This year the leaves turned 
brown and commenced to fall off by the first Septem- 
ber, the gi'apes shrivelling and falling and many 
stems dying so that the whole bunch would fall off. 
The few grapes yet on the vines -are from full green 
to ripe. Some of the present season's growth of 
wood is dying. vSoil is rich, sandy loam with well 
drained red clay sub-soil. Location elevated, with 
sun all day and only moderately moist. Please say 
in your next issue what is cause of trouble and what 
remedy and when to apply same. Subrgeibeb. 

Appomatox county, Va. 

No doubt your grapes have been attacked by Black 
Rot. Refer to the Spray Calendar in the March 
issue this vear for the remedv. — Ed. 



Ice Supply. 

Can yon give me any information on making and 
storing ice ? I have an ice house, but no pond or run- 
ning water. My idea is to hold the well water and 
let the air freeze it. I have a wind mill. If any of 
your files have the above information shall be glad 
to have the information. Henev Twyfobd. 

Henderson county, N. C. 

You will find it a very tedious and uncertain 
means of getting a summer's supply of ice to have to 
rely on pumping water into a vessel or tank and then 
when it happens to freeze removing the ic<! to the 
house. Better make a shallow pond with a large sur- 
face and pjimp this full now and keep it full until 
all the ice needed is secured from its surface. — Ed. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHER?^ PLANTER. 



693 



Trucking, Garden and Orchard. 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 

Cabbages may be planted out at the end of the 
month for the early spring crop in the trucking sec- 
tions of this and adjoining states. The work of pre- 
paring and enriching the land should have attention 
up to that time. The better the preparation the 
greater will be the chances for a successful crop. 
Cabbages are great feeders, so do not pinch them of 
food. 



Lettuce may be set out in cold frames for winter 
and early spring cutting. The soil for filling the 
beds should have been got ready during the summer 
and should now be in a sweet friable condition, well 
supplied with vegetable matter, and should now be 
enriched with some cotton seed meal acid phosphate 
and muriate of potash. The old soil in the frames 
should all be removed as it is very apt to cause the 
spread of fungus diseases and damping off. Keep 
the frames open as long as the weather is mild. 



Orchard and small fruit planting and pruning 
should have attention. In this issue will be found 
an article on setting out an orchard. 



Celery should be earthed up to blanch it. In 
doing this work see that the earth is kept out of the 
plants and only closely banked around them. 



Cover asparagus beds with a heavy coat of farm 
yard manure, first removing all old stalks and trash. 



All land not needed for other crops should be 
seeded in rye to conserve soil fertility. 



PLANTING AN ORCHARD. 

In your valuable paper I note that you strongly 
advise your readers in this section of Virginia to 
apply themselves to "Fruit Growing." I intend to 
set out an orchard of winesaps, peaches and pears 
this autumn. Please instruct me, in your next 
issue, as to the setting and caring for a young or- 
chard. Also kindly give me some "hints" as to im- 
proving the fruit of an old orchard, and oblige. 

A 1S[f.w Farmee. 

Pittsylvania county,. Va. 

The first consideration in setting out an orchard 
should be the situation. Let this be on high well 



drained land preferably with an exposure to the east 
or Northeast. This will secure good air drainage 
and has a tendency in restraining too early blooming 
and consequent loss of the crop by late frosts. The 
next consideration should be the preparation of the 
land. This should be deeply plowed and if possible 
subsoiled all over the site of the intended orchard, 
but certainly in each line of intended trees. If sub- 
soiling be not practicable from want of a subsoil plow 
or sufficient team, then the subsoil in each place 
where a tree is to be planted should be deeply and • 
finely broken with the mattock or grubbing hoe. 
Trees will never make the growth they ought to do 
when set out on hard unbroken subsoil or hard pan. 
Let this work of breaking and preparing the soil be 
done as early as possible that the soil may have the 
benefit of the winter frosts and thorough spration. 
Having thus prepared the land the location of the 
sites of the trees should be fixed. To secure perfect 
alignment of the trees which is essential in order that 
cultivation of the orchard during growth may be 
practicable and convenient the following method 
should be adopted. First decide on the distance the 
trees are to be set apart. For apples and pears this 
should be from 30 to 40 feet each way. For peaches 
from 20 to 30 feet is sufficient. Then take as a 
starting point the position of the first tree and sight 
a straight line from this point to the opposite end 
of the orchard parallel with the side of the lot. 
Place in this line (at prominent points if the land 
is rolling or hilly) foot poles which may be sev- 
eral hundred feet apart so that three may be seen 
in line at once. With the two end poles place others 
in line in the opposite direction at such distances 
from each other as the trees are to be planted. Set 
intermediate poles in line on these new rows. Pro- 
vide pegs a foot long in sufficient numbers to place 
one at the position of each tree. Provide also a coil 
of light trellis wire or stout cord of frorri 125 to 135 
feet lone according to distance the trees are to be set 
apart. Fasten a piece of white rag on this wire or 
cord at each distance the trees are to be set apart. 
Place a stout pole at each end of this wire or cord to 
be used as sighting poles. This is to be carried by 
a man and boy. Place the sighting pole at the posi- 
tion of the first tree then direct the boy to walk in 
the line of the poles set up for the first row. Stretch 
the wire or cord tight and let another boy with an 
armful of pegs place one in the ground at each rag 



694 



THE SOUTHERN PLAISTTER. 



[November 



mark on the wire or cord. Proceed in the same way 
with each row of trees carefully sighting the origi- 
nally set posts to see that perfect alignment is pre- 
served not only in one direction but in all directions. 
The trees should line both horizontally and obliquely. 
The next work is digging the holes. Provide each 
digger with a 5 foot board 6 inches wide with a 
notch in the centre and holes at each end. Place 
the plank in line with the rows, the centre notch over 
the peg indicating the site of the tree and pin the 
plank down with a peg in the end and leave the 
board in position until the tree is planted. Turn 
the board on the peg out of the way until the hole is 
dug. The hole should be 4 feet across and at least 
15 inches deep. Throw the top soil on one side and 
the subsoil on the other side of the hole. Some 
orehardists advise the using of compost or well rotted 
manure in planting, but if the surface soil is at all 
fertile we prefer not to mix anything with it, but if 
very poor mix some woods mould or rich soil and 
a little manure with this surface soil at each hole 
and you are then ready to plant the tree. Let the 
trees selected for planting be young, stocky and well 
rooted, never mind the height if you have a good 
stem and a good root. They will make height soon 
enough. In setting the trees the guide board is again 
turned round on the peg across the hole and the 
notch in the centre will then indicate the place to 
plant the tree. Eaise a small mound of the surface 
soil right under the notch, set the tree on the top of 
this letting the stem come in the notch. Press the 
tree down gently until the surface of the soil is two 
inches above the crown of the roots. The planter 
should then hold the tree firm and as the surface 
soil is being thrown in work it in among the roots 
and pack it around them. Tramp the soil firm and 
fill level with the subsoil on top, leaving the soil 
slightly raised around the tree. Then mulch the 
ground 2 or 3 feet around the tree with coarse litter 
or leaves to prevent evaporation and drying out. 
After the young tree is set cut off entirely all side 
branches and cut back the stem from one-third to 
one-half the last year's growth. Let the top grow the 
following year retaining three or four branches at 
from 4^ to 5 feet above the ground. The land be- 
tween the trees may grow a crop of com or other 
cultivated crop the first year. This will ensure cul- 
tivation of the land, but do not disturb the mulch 
around the trees the first year, and be careful in cul- 
tivating later that the tree is not injured by the sin- 
gle-tree or traces. Better leave 2 or 3 feet next each 
tree uncultivated by the plow or cultivator and 
work with a hoe than damage the bark of a young 



tree. In the fall after planting, when the corn or 
other crop is removed, plow and seed in crimson 
clover to be turned down in spring, and follow with 
a crop of cow peas. These crbps may with advan- 
tage be fertilized with acid phosphate and muriate 
of potash 200 or 300 pound to the acre. In making 
the selection of varieties to be planted the distinction 
between a commercial orchard and one for domestic 
use should be clearly borne in mind. In a commer- 
cial orchard where the object is profit on the sale of 
the fruit, plant only one or at most, two varieties, se- 
lecting those specially adapted to the location. What 
the wholesale fruit buyer calls for is a large crop of 
a single variety. In an orchard where the fruit is 
to be used at home there shoiild be planted a few of 
several varieties, a few summer, a few fall, and a 
few winter ones so that there may be fruit for all 
seasons. We should advise caution in planting 
pears. The blight is such a constant visitor in the 
South that there is but little satisfaction in attempt- 
ing to grow this fruit. The Seckel and KeifFer are 
about the only varieties which can be relied on to 
stand. Of the better varieties Bartlett is perhaps 
the most resistant but it blights badly. In planting 
peaches take the advice of a good nurseryman hav- 
ing local knowledge. The Elberta is perhaps the 
best and most profitable market peach. We will say 
something as to renewing an old orchard in our next 
issue. 



ORCHARD AND GARDEN NOTES. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

The horticultural exhibits at the Southwest Vir- 
ginia Fair at Radford were good in some respects. 
Variety of exhibits were lacking owing to the late- 
ness of the season. Considerable enthusiasm was 
aroused among farmers and horticulturists in re- 
gard to the best specimens grown. The collection 
of apples was quite good. Those who saw the apple 
exhibits were convinced that this part of the State, 
while not considered in the "apple section," could 
grow fine specimens of Winesap, Baldwin, Falla- 
water, Virginia beauty. Ox pippins, and Roxberry 
russet. The specimens that grew on the higher, red 
lands were much more beautifully colored, as might 
be expected, than those that grew on the lower, val- 
ley lands. I believe that there is some as fine red 
apple land in this part of the State as one will usu- 
ally find, but we are just learning where it is. This 
subject should receive most careful consideration by 
all those who are thinking of setting orchards. High- 
ly colored apples grow best on the red clay soils, and 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHETIN PLANTER. 



695 



we usually find such soils on rather high, rolling 
land. As I drove along to the fair at Radford I no- 
ticed an orchard of one-half winesap trees so loaded 
with red apples that the trees were breaking badly. 
T^ear by were thousands of acres of just as good wine- 
sap land. While this part of the State is noted far 
and wide for blue grass and fat stock, still, I see evi- 
dences of a good reputation being made for "red 
apples." This season we are simply overloaded with 
apples, but next season the crop will be short, since 
we have let our trees overbear. We have not learned 
how to take care of our trees nor how to market the 
crop Avhen grown. In fact most of the orchards 
here have not been planted for commercial purposes. 
Hence there is usually a small per cent, of each 
variety, and some orchards have as many as twenty- 
five varieties in them. The experimental stage with 
varieties is largely passed and it is time now that 
we plant orchards for definite purposes in this part 
of the State also. We need more winter fruit and 
less summer fruit. 

Another fact brought out most forcibly by the 
exhibits at the Fair was the superiority of sprayed 
fruit over that unsprayed. Sprayed fruit took the 
first premium for best collection of apples. The 
specimens were larger, cleaner and of a more beau- 
tiful color. The usual number of persons were heard 
to say that they had just as fine specimens at home 
but did not bring them for some reason. 

While this was the first time the Association 
offered premiums for horticultural and agricultural 
exhibits, still a good beginning has been made and we 
look for much larger exhibits in these lines next 
year. There is talk also of making the Fair an 
inter-state fair, which, if done, would bring together 
immense collections from the farm, orchard and 
garden. 

There is but little that can be done in the orchard 
and garden this month except to continue to gather 
and store away the crops for winter. Of coixrse all 
weeds that are maturing seed for next year's crop 
to give us the backache in destroying should be gath- 
ered up at once. 

Specimens of apples affected with bitter rot will 
usually be found hanging on the trees late in the 
fall. Gather these and destroy them as time will 
permit. 

Cut off all blighted limbs on apple and pear trees 
eighteen inches below the affected area and burn 
them. This is one of the best things to do for blight 
and it should bo done with the greatest care in the 
fall and winter while the sap is dormant. Any dis- 
eased tissue that may be left over till spring will 



serve as a source of infection from which blight is 
apt to spread as soon as growth commences again in 
the spring. R. H. Price, 

Montgomery county, Va, 



VIRGINIA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 

The programme for the eighth annual meeting of 
this Society to be held at the Court House in Pu- 
laski City, Va., on the 2nd and 3rd December next 
has just been issued. The meeting promises to be 
a most interesting one as the different sessions will 
be addressed by some of the most noted fruit growers 
and horticulturists on topics of the greatest interest 
and importance to fruit growers and truck farmers. 
Amongst those scheduled to address the meetings are 
the Hon. S. B. Woods, President ; G. H. Powell, of 
the U. S. Department of Agriculture on "Handling 
Fruit for Cold storage." L. H. Derby, of Woodside, 
Del., on "Apple Culture in Delaware," Prof. Price, 
of Long's Shop, Va., on "Small Canning Factories 
in Virginia," Prof. Van Deman, Prof. Alwood, 
S. H. Lupton and Geo. E. Murrell on other topics 
of interest. The Governor of Virginia is also on the 
programme for an address on "How best to advertise 
the Resources of Virginia with special reference to 
the State Exhibit at St. Louis." There will be an 
exhibit of fruits and vegetables for the premiums 
mentioned in our last issue. The following are the 
classes for exhibition. Each exhibitor must be a 
member of the Society and the exhibit must be the 
growth of the exhibitor. 

1. Best plate of Albemarle Pippins — Diploma 
and prize. 

2. 2nd best plate of Albemarle Pippins — Di- 
ploma. 

3. Best plate — "Grimes' Golden" — Diploma and 
prize. 

4. 2nd best plate — "Grimes' Golden" — Diploma. 

5. Best plate — Arkansas (Black Twig) — 'Di- 
ploma and prize. 

fi. 2nd best plate — Arkansas (Black Twig) — Di- 
ploma prize. 

7. Best plate — York Imperial — Diploma and 
prize. 

8. 2nd best plate — York Imperial — Diploma, 

9. Best plate — "Winesaps" — Diploma and prize. 

10. 2nd best plate — "Winesaps" — Diploma. 

11. ]\fost attractively packed box package of ap- 
ples — Diploma. 

(This exhibit must illustrate grading as practiced 
by exhibitor.) 

12. The best exhibit of winter apples harvested 
from sprayed trees (number of varieties not less 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[November 



than 3 or more than 10.) Diploma and "Empire 
King" Spray Pump. 

13. 2nd best exhibit of winter apples (same con- 
ditions as above) — Diploma. 

14. The best winter seeding apple — 50 apple 
trees (offered bv Mr. J. A. Young, Greensboro, 
N. 0.) 

15, The most promising new variety of apples — 
Diploma, 

16, (Sweepstake) for the best plate of any of the 
above varieties — Diploma, 

17, Best collection of any varieties — Diploma, 

18. Best exhibit of vegetables — Diploma. 

19, Best exhibit of ornamentals — Bucket spray 
pump offered by Sydnor Company, Richmond, Va. 

20. Best collection of vegetables — Prize, collec- 
tion of garden seeds to value $2.50 (offered by 
Messrs. T, W. Wood & Son, Richmond, Va,) 

The prizes will be selected from the prize list when 
completed for the different classes, except those of- 
fered for particular displays (which are noted 
above, ) 

Prizes will be offered for 2nd best collections if 
there are sufficient for that purpose. 

Further information as to the rules governing 
these exhibits and the time and place of entry may 
be obtained on application to the Secretary, Walter 
Whateley, Crozet, Va, 

By special arrangements, railroads have agreed to 
rates as follows: 

C, & O., R, F, &- P,, Washington and Southern 
will give a special rate of one and a third fares for 
round trip by card order, apply to Secretary or local 
Vice-President for card orders, 

N, & W,, A. C. L., S. A. L., and Southern Rail- 
way four cents per mile one way distance for round 
trip on application to local agents. All tickets re- 
stricted to continuous journey in each direction and 
will be sold November 30th and December 1st and 
2nd, final limit 7th, 1903. 

Maple Shade Inn offers special rate to members 
at $1.00 per day (American plan.) 

Hotel Pulaski will accommodate members at $1.00 
per day (American plan.) 



FORCING RHUBARB IN THE DARK. 

During the winter of 1898 and 1899 the Depart- 
ment of Horticulture at the University of Ohio first 
attempted the forcing of rhubarb in the dark and in 
so far as we know this was the first attempt in this 
country to force this crop in any other than the 
iisual way, which had been common for a long time, 
A quotation from "The Forcing Book," by Pro- 
fessor L, H. Bailey, will sufficiently describe the 
old method. "Thoroughly established clumps are 
dug in the fall, and these are packed in beds under- 



neath the greenhouse benches, sifting the soil in 
tightly between the chimps, and then covering with 
from two to six inches of soil. The temperature 
should range as for lettuce and roses, or for very 
quick results it may be much higher, * * * 
About four or five weeks after planting under the 
benches, is the usual time required for the first pro- 
fitable cutting. Paragon and Linnaeus varieties 
may be used for earliest results, but the best crops 
are to be obtained from some of the larger kinds, 
like Victoria and Mammoth," 

From the first the attempt to grow this crop in 
total darkness met with success, and now the dark 
grown product can be found on the Columbus, Ohio, 
market from the fii^t of Jamiary until the outside 
crop makes its appearance. In the first quarterly 
of the Journal of the Columbus Horticultural So- 
ciety for 1899 the results of this first experiment 
and the methods employed were described by J, F. 
Cunningham, then Assistant in Hortfculture and 
Forestry, at the University. For the last five years 
the Horticultural Department has been profitably 
engaged in this new industry, carried on in the man- 
ner described in the above paper, with some few 
modifications worthy of note which have already 
been mentioned in notes from time to time since the 
first publication. 

Until last year crowns from three to five years old 
were used for forcing purposes. In fact, it was 
thought that even the three-year old crowns were too 
yoTing to be forced profitably. Last winter, how- 
ever, we were led to try seedling roots, through 
rather unexpected and perhaps unusual conditions. 
Seed of the Linnaeus type was sown April 7, 1902, 
in a rather sandy soil in drills twenty-four inches 
apart. The seed came up readily and the summer 
was very favorable for its growth. The young plants 
were cultivated once a week until the leaves pre- 
vented the passage of the cultivator between the 
rows. The plants were not thinned, the idea being 
simply to grow plants to transplant the following 
spring and allowed two more years' growth before 
forcing. The plants were very thick and would un- 
doubtedly have made a better growth had they been 
thinned early in the spring. As it was, however, 
the young plants made a wonderful growth. Visi- 
tors refused to believe that these leaves, many of 
them a foot across, with stalks fifteen to twenty 
inches long and an inch thick, were produced from 
seed sown the previous April, 

Having more of these plants than we cared to 
transplant, and being unable to secure old crowns to 
fill our cellars, we determined to use every other row 
of these seedlings for forcing. Accordingly, the 
roots were plowed out early in the winter after they 
had been thoroughly frozen and thawed again (the 
work should be done before the ground freezes at 



1903.] 



TEE SOUTHE Ki\ PLANTER. 



697 



all), and the cellar filled. A number sufficient to 
fill the cellar the second time was spread in a thin 
layer on the ground and covered with a thin covering 
of earth to prevent drying. Two crops were thus 
secured from the cellars during the winter. 

The roots were packed as closely together as pos- 
sible in the cellars, care being taken to have all the 
crowns up, leaving walks about a foot wide every 
four feet. Soil was carefully sifted between the 
roots which were finally covered about two or three 
inches deep. The kind of soil used is not of so much 
importance, as the stalks get their nourishment 
from the food stored in the fleshy roots. Any good 
garden loam will do. The whole was then thorough- 
ly soaked with the hose and the room made perfectly 
dark. In a very few days the stalks began to push 
through the soil and in four weeks we pulled the fin- 
est rhubarb we have ever seen. 

From these small roots we obtained two pullings 
of splendid stalks, two more of only fair stalks, and 
two or three more smaller pullings of rather small 
and spindly stalks. The first pulling is always the 
best. The crop lasted about four weeks, making 
eight weeks in all that the roots occupied the cellar. 

The exhausted roots were now forked out of the 
soil and a new supply brought in, using the same soil 
to cover the second crop as was used for the first. 
The second crop was simply a repetition of the first 
excepting that the temperature ran a little too high 
diiring the latter part of the period and we got more 
spindling stalks. The temperature should never go 
above 60° F., unless quick results are wanted at the 
expense of quality and quantity. 

We give the following average measurements and 
weights of twelve stalks, which may be of interest : 

Average length of stalk, 17.33 inches. 

Average length of leaf blade, 4.45 inches. 

Average total length of leaf, 21.70 inches. 

Average width of leaf blade, 3.02 inches. 

Average weight, 4.64 oz. 

The crop sold for from 60 cents to 75 cents per 
dozen bunches, there being from four to six stalks in 
a bunch. From three hundred and seventy square 
feet of cellar space we sold $35.55 worth of rhubarb. 
This yield, we believe, can be materially increased, 
yet when it is remembered that this return was ob- 
tained from space that would otherwise have been 
idle, and from plants less than one year old, which 
had not been grown with the intention of forcing at 
this age, the possibilities of the industry becomes 
apparent. 

The stalks receive practically all their nourish- 
ment from the food stored up in the fleshy roots dur- 
ing the pi'evioTis period of growth, and naturally the 
larger the roots, provided they are healthy and vig- 
orous, the larger will be the total crop received when 
forced either in the light or in the dark. The roots 



forced in the dark will be more productive .than 
those grown in the light, because all the strength of 
the root is directed into the stem, rather than par- 
tially into foliage. If by extra care in preparation 
of the soil, selection of seed, thinning and cultivating 
we are able to obtain roots large enough to secure 
profitable ret\irns within the year, we have made an 
important step in supplying the market with this 
well knoAVTi garden esculent throughout the winter 
months and at a profit to the grower. 

The fact that under the old system the roots must 
occupy the ground from three to five years has pre- 
vented many gardeners from forcing this plant ex- 
cept in a small way. A very large immediate yield 
lost its munificence when the rent on the ground oc- 
cupied for these years was considered. 

By planting the seed on heaA'ily man\;red loam soil 
and thinning the plants to a distance of one foot in 
the rows, with proper cultivation and mulching if 
need be, we belieA^e roots can be grown in a single 
season which will give twice the yield received from 
our experiment. If it can be done with certainty 
from year to year the question of obtaining croAvus 
for forcing purposes Avill be solved. It is worthy a 
trial at least, and we hope to experiment further in 
this direction. V. IT. D.wis. 

■Journal of Colnmhns TTorticrdhiral Society. 

In England the practise of forcing rhubarb in the 
dark for the winter markets has been carried on 
successfully for more than 30 years to our knowledge 
and all the large markets of the country are con- 
stantly supplied with beautifully grown stalks run- 
ning from 2 to 3 feet in length and of a bright pink 
color from December to the close of winter. This 
rhubarb is in large demand there and makes deli- 
cious pies and dishes of stewed fruit. There is no 
reason whatever why we should not have the same 
demand here and thus a market be made for a pro- 
duct easily produced and of a most wholesome char- 
acter. Here in the South the roots should be dug 
from the open ground and be placed in the cellar in 
T^ovember and December as soon as growth has 
ceased and the leaves have died dowTi. — Ed. 



Gathering Apples. 

Can you tell me what is the best time to gather 
apples ? They are ripe and falling fast. Do you 
gather them before or after frost ? I have had mine 
gathered and spread out on a floor. They usually 
rot very fast. SuBSCRinEK. 

AmhersI rovniy. Va. 

Apples should always be gathered from the trees 
a little under ripe, rather than fully ripe. When 
the seeds are turning brown and the stems Avill part 
readily from the twigs when the fruit is pulled 
lightly the crop is readv for gathering. — En. 



698 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[November 



Live Stock and Dairy. 



HOLLOW HORN— HOLLOW TAIL 

Editor Southern Planter: 

The stand you take, re "hollow horn," "hollow 
tail," in your September and October issues is the 
correct one. There are no such diseases (except as 
you say in the imagination), from which cattle suf- 
fer generally. These organs — the horn and tail — 
are not entirely exempt from diseased conditions, but 
even those are rare, and most generally develop only 
local symptoms. In twenty years practical expe- 
rience in the veterinary profession, I have seen cattle 
suffer almost every known acute disease to which they 
are heir, and then be subjected to further torture, at 
the hands of ignorant people, upon the supposition 
that they either had "hollow horn," or "hollow tail" 
(and more frequently both), when upon a thorough 
and intelligent examination, both were found in per- 
fectly normal condition except for the damage done by 
the barbarous treatment to which they were subjected. 
The trouble, sir, is this, people don't investigate in- 
telligently for themselves and acquaint themselves 
with the normal appearance of these and other organs, 
but merely jump at conclusions, and they are satisfied 
with what their grand-parents told them for that 
must be true. If such arguments were sound, the vet- 
erinary and other scientific professions would not 
make the progress they have made, especially the past 
decade. 

People who are ignorant upon the subject do not 
realize the dangers they are exposing their animals 
to by boring holes in the horns of animals, and pour- 
ing in all sorts of irritants, of unknown action as far 
as they are concerned, and leaving the holes open 
exposing them to attacks of many parasites, es- 
pecially the Blow fly. Many such cases do suffer as 
the result, and confirm the diagnosis of their tor- 
mentors, when it actually becomes an I-told-you-so 
affair. It would be unfair if I were to stop here 
merely throwing out what many would call an un- 
just criticism of their opinion, therefore, my real 
purpose in addressing you upon this subject is to 
clear up at least some of those old-time ideas which 
our profession have taken from the mysterious and 
arrayed among those which are now understood at 
least more thoroughlv. 

The name "Hollow Horn," or Horn Evil, got its 
name from the unnaturally low temperature of the 
horns, which is an accompanying symptom of some 
forms of digestive disturbance, especially impaction 



of the rumen with solid food, where the nerve force 
is weak or deficient, and the peristaltic action of the 
muscular coats of the stomach is suspended. Here we 
find the animal standing with an arched back, disin- 
clined to move, emits a grunting sound when breath- 
ing, pulse quick and weak, bowels constipated, or an 
offensive diarrhoea, horns cold, rumen pits on pressure 
with the finger and pit remains, showing that its 
coats are inactive, lo^is of cud. Strange as it may ap- 
pear, the dullness and refusal of food and cold con- 
dition of the horns, especially the latter are the only 
conditions taken into account. Here is a case of 
"hollow horn," a gimlet, some salt, pepper and tur- 
pentine are the requirements. No readers, the cow 
has indigestion and wants a purgative of epsom salts, 
a liberal amount of clean pure water to drink, fol- 
lowed by tonics, stimulants and more careful and too 
frequently more generous diet and care. Many 
young cattle especially in the spring of the year, or 
fall after a dry siimmer, become much emaciated for 
want of proper food and present symptoms of general 
debility, accompanied by unthriftness. On these ani- 
mals the hair is dry and stands up ; muciis mem- ' 
branes become pale (bloodless) swellings appear 
under the jaws and dependent parts of the body. 
Those cattle want better care and a gradually increas- 
ing better diet of good well cured clover hay, (not 
old bleached out stuff, that only contains the origi- 
nal woody fiber), with corn and bran, and let me ad- 
vise the reader that if his cattle are not worth this 
sort of care then if they wish to remain in the cattle 
business profitably the only reasonable solution of 
the matter is, buy some that are. Improved breeds 
are within the reach of all to-day and here is an argu- 
ment which hits the scrub bull pretty hard. While 
these forms of indigestion and emaciation are not the 
only ones that give arguments to the "hollow horn" 
apostle, they are the most frequent, and a large per 
cent, of that goes back to want of care and proper 
feeding. 

Under the head of "hollow tail" besides what I 
have enumerated, for I have yet to find any symptom 
by which it may be distinguished, we do find a 
few, at least more numerous conditions in support of 
the argument in favor of a real disease, yet when in- 
vestigated it is almost entirely the effect instead of 
the cause. Grub in the tail might and no doubt does 
exist. So it exists in the back, yet are all cattle with 
grubs in their backs, late in the winter and early 



1903.] 



TKE SOUTHEKN PLANTEK. 



699 



spring, subjected to such treatment as splitting open 
the skin and pouring in salt and pepper and why not? 
One who knows the anatomy and physiology would 
naturally suppose that those in the back were in a 
position, in closer proximity to vital organs, to create 
more disturbance than those at the end of the tail. 
The fact is this, when grubs as they are called, are 
found to exist in the tail they are merely the larva of 
some parasite, and probably a stray Hypoderma Line- 
ata, which is actually doing less damage there than its 
kin folk, which are in their proper place, and destroy- 
ing the skin as they develop and prepare their exit. 
Again the tail is an organ which frequently suffers 
injury and goes through the same changes as other 
organs similarly damaged. Then again during ex- 
treme emaciation from want of care it is not infre- 
quent to find the end of the tail suffer for want of 
sufficient circiilation to keep the tissues nourished, 
being farthest from the center of the circulation. 
This is also an effect and not the cause. Again, cattle 
may have ever so good care and an abundance of ap- 
parently good food, yet if such food is contaminated 
with the fungus disease known as ergot, which fre- 
quently follows a wet season, we invariably have a 
starved condition of the tissues commencing at the 
end of the tail, tips of ears and above the feet, accom- 
panied by convulsions, which is known as convulsive 
ergotism. The reason is simply this, the action of 
ergot on the system is to lessen the caliber of the arti- 
rioles (small arteries under control of the nervous 
system) and restrict the flow of blood to the parts. 
Those situated farthest from the heart or where the 
blood pressure is least, are the first to suffer, and a 
dead, dry gangrenous condition of the feet, ears or 
tail, are the effect and not the cause. The treatment 
does not consist in removing the dead tissue, but to 
stop the supply of ergoi, remove the cause. 

T beg to thank you for allowing so much space and 
patience to this matter, and if only we can convert 
a few erring ones and induce them to investigate im- 
partially for themselves, and stop their barbarous 
treatment where it does absolutely no good and often 
much harm, but go at things more intelligently, by 
treating the cause rather than the effect, then we 
have this day "truly done something." 

John Spencer^ 
Professor Veterinary Science. 

Yirgmia Poly. Inst., Blackshurg, Va. 



instructions laid down there were as vigorously fol- 
lowed out as the quarantine authorities have been 
opposed on this tick question in the State of Vir- 
ginia the entire State would soon breathe the air of 
freedom as far as ticks and Texas fever are con- 
cerned. I am personally acquainted with Dr. But- 
ler, the author of your quotation, as we were grad- 
uates of the same class, and know him to be a gentle- 
man of sound judgment and indomitable persever- 
ance, such as every State should have managing its 
quarantine affairs. 

Texas Fever can only be transmitted (except by 
direct innoculation) by the Texas Fever tick (Boop- 
hilus annulatis) and tipon the eradication of this tick 
and this only can the disease be stamped out and the 
Federal quarantine be dispensed with. 

.TOHK SpEIS'CEE^ 

Professor Veterinary Science. 
Va. Polytechnic Institute, BlacJcshurg, Va. 



TICK OR TEXAS FEVER. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

T heartily agree with you on this subject of Texas 
Fever ticks as stated in vour October issue. If the 



PURE BRED CATTLE IN THE SOUTH. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Mr. Cl A. Williams, of Halifax county, IST. C, 
contributes to your September issue a long letter on 
the subject of "keeping pure bred cattle in the south." 
The impressions given by a casual reading of this let- 
ter are utterly at variance with its final conclusions. 
The writer starts out with a jeremiad account of cat- 
tle losses from ticks and fever and closes with an in- 
vitation to the world to come and inspect his immune 
bulls in proof that "the pure bred cattle business can 
be made a success" even in a "tick district." Mr. 
Williams' case shows two things and only two. It 
shows : — 

1st. He lives where ticks abound like "autumn 
leaves that strew the brooks in Vallambrosa." 

2nd. Fven in a Paradise of the parasites, nothing 
is needed, absohitely nothing, but inoctdation. 

Our Tar-heel friend is a royal, good fellow. We 
sympathize with him. He deserves success. "N'ow 
that he has learned a few things about a new busi- 
ness he will achieve success. Having put his hand 
to the plow he is the last man to give up and lie down 
in the furrow in full prospect of a legitimate harvest. 
If he wants to find the money he has lost, let us as- 
sure him he must look for it exactly where lie lost it. 
N"o business is exempt from difTiculties. The pure 
bred cattle business in the south presents fewer diffi- 
culties than any other enterprise open to our people. 
It offers better returns upon less capital and labor. 
We know that in some sections the cattle tick is a 
great pest, but even there a little time and attention 



700 



THE SOUTHER^^^ PLANTER. 



[November 



will fix the feature of impossibility upon the prob- 
lem of his mischief. In the Planter of September, 
1902, read what another Mr. Williams, of N. C, 
said to the Breeder's Gazette : — 

''My method of clearing the farm of ticks has been 
this : — the cattle were inspected almost daily during 
the season and no tick was allowed to mature and 
drop oft". I prevented this by washing my cattle with 
a strong solution of Avater, kerosene oil and sulphur. 
If this solution is thoroughly applied it will kill the 
young ticks and the old ones as well. If no ticks are 
allowed to mature and drop in the pastures the farm 
will soon be free of ticks. To cure a tick fevered 
cow, first give a liberal drench of salts, then follow 
with liberal drenches of sulphur. The finest cow in 
our herd to-day had as bad a case of fever last sum- 
mer as we ever saw." W. M'. Watkixs & Sons. 

Charlotte county, Va. 



Around nearly all the large cities of the North and 
East there is a zone of country from which the milk 
supply of those cities is drawn where land is much 
higher in value than elsewhere in the State, and 
where the farmers are much more prosperous. In 
the South this condition has not been reached to any 
considerable extent anywhere as the people of the 
cities have not yet realised the full value of milk 



FOREST HOME DAIRY FARM, LOUDOUN CO., VA. 

Dairy farming in the South has until within a 
very recent period been almost wholly neglected and 
even yet is confined to practically a very small number 
of farmers oiit of the gross total of those making their 
living oft the land and yet it is a business with one of 
the greatest opportxmities before it in this country 
and wherever it has become the staple branch of 
farming in any State or locality it has resulted in 





enhancing largely the value of the land and the 
wealth of the community. This is evidenced by the 
prosperous condition of the farmers in sections of 
Wisconsin where cheese and butter making are staple 
industries, in the section around Elgin in Illinois 
where butter making is a great industry and in New 
York state where milk and cream is largely produced. 



as a food. Recent statistics go to show that the con- 
sumption of milk and cream per capita in the cities 
of the South is not one-half of the consumption per 
capita in the North. There are few cities in the 
South where the consumption of milk exceeds one 
third of a pint per head per day and in some cities 
it falls to one-fourth of a pint. In some of the cities 
of the North it reaches one pint per head per day 
and the average exceeds one-half pint per head. The 
consumption of cream is in the like degree small in 
the South, indeed in many cities it is practically im- 
possible to obtain cream. On a few farms in this 
State advantage has been taken of this realised want 
of milk and cream in the cities and dairy farming 
has become an established business and wherever this 
has been done under proper conditions financial suc- 
cess has followed, but we have not as yet made the 
business a recognized one by the establishment of 
milk and butter factories where the handling of the 
milk of a locality is centrali?:ed and conducted as a 
commercial undertaking. One of these farms where 
the business of supplying cream to W^ashington City 
is being successfully conducted is the Forest Home 
Farm in Loudoun county, owned and operated by 
H. T. Pancoast. Mr. Pancoast has equipped the 
farm with a fine bam with stalls for 60 cows, well 
lighted, ventilated and supplied with pure water and 
with every appliance necessary to keep the same per- 



190S.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



•01 



fectly clean and sweet. Silos having a capacity of 
500 tons hold a large part of the feed for the stock 
and a 15 horse power engine and 20 horse power 
boiler supply power to run the machinery and steam 
and hot water to sterilize and keep clean and sweet 
all dairy utensils. The milk of the herd of 50 pure 
bred registered Jerseys is separated by a DeLaval 
Separator and the cream after being sterilized and 
cooled is shipped in jacketed cans to Washington 
City. Mr. Pancoast also buys and separates the milk 
of a number of his farm neighbors and thus enables 
them to share in the advantages of dairying. The 




separated milk is fed to a herd of Berkshire hogs of 
the finest breeding. For these hogs and for his Jer- 
sey cattle Mr. Pancoast has secured a reputation and 
is building up a fine business selling the young ani- 
mals all over the South. The farm is situate in a 
fine section of T^oudoun county, one of the most fer- 
tile counties in the State, and is producing fine crops 
and gradually growing in fertility from the applica- 
tion of the manure from the large quantity of live 
animals kept upon it. We give views of the outside 
and inside of the cattle barn and of a few of the 
choice Jersey cows showing their fine udder develop- 
ment. 



SOUTHWEST VIRGINIA FAIR, RADFORD, VA. 

At this fair last month there was a fine exhibit of 
pure bred cattle frim the breeders of Southwest Vir- 
ginia. The classes shown were Short Horns, Here- 
fords and Polled Angus. The number exhibited in 
all classes was 95. 

The exhibitors of Short Horns were Major John 
T. Cowan, of Montgomery; Major W. W. Bentley, 
of Pulaski; Virginia Polytechnic Institute; C. E. 



Bryant, of Grayson county ; W. W. George, of Smyth 
county; J. G. Davis, of Grayson, and Ex-Governor 
Tyler, of Radford. 

Major Cowan had the largest exhibit, his herd 
being represented by twenty-five splendid cattle, that 
won over $550 in premiums. The finest of his herd 
was a bull between two and three years of age, ''Blood 
Royal," recently purchased from the herd of E. K. 
Thomas, of Paris, Ky. This superb animal won the 
premium as the best Short Horn bull on the grounds. 
Another of his prize-winners was a beautiful snow- 
white yearling bull weighing 915 pounds. Still an- 
other was Gwendoline XL, a cow weighing 1,500 
pounds, and the winner of many premiums. 

The largest animal on the ground was Mr. Bryant's 
bull, "Duke of Beechwood," which weighed 2,400 
pounds. "Governor Tyler," the property of Virginia 
Polytechnic Institute, was another Short Horn bull 
that took a first premium. His weight is 2,300 
pounds. 

The exhibitors of Herefords were S. W. Anderson, 
of Greenbrier county, W. Va. ; Haynes L. Morgan, 
of Smyth coiTnty, Va. : Virginia Polytechnic Insti- 
tute : C. B. Einstein, of Montgomery, and Edgar 
Phipps, of Grayson county. Mr. Anderson's herd 
Avas represented by twenty-four white-faced beauties, 
and his premiums amounted to $600. 

Among the other prize-winners were "(crimson 
Rambler" and "Marmaduke," owned by Haynes L. 
Morgan, and "Governor," owned by Major Bentley. 

The Short Horn premiums amounted to $1,000, 
the Herefords to $1,000 and the Polled Angus to 
$400. All of the premiums on Angus cattle were 
won by Virginia Polytechnic Institute. 



A CONVENIENT HOG BARN. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Will you kindly submit in the columns of your 
most valuable paper a plan of a hog house, large 
enough to accommodate 12 brood sows and their 
probable increase, say 72 pigs, keeping in view the 
question of sanitary conditions and the saving of the 
manure in the most economical way, with plank or 
cement floor. A Sitbscrtber. 

Nor folic county. Va. 

The following description by Prof. Soule of a hog 
house erected at the Tennessee Experimental Station 
which Ave take from The Practical Farmer, will 
meet this request of our subscriber. The house seems 
to be very conveniently arranged, but if we were 
building one we would increase the width of the house 
8 feet and make a gangAvay or alley 4 feet wide on the 
oiiter side of the pens and feed slop food from this 
alley into troughs fixed in that side of the pen instead 
of having the troughs next to the middle alley. We 



702 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[Novemlier 



would let the floors of the pens slope from the centre 
alley to the outside and raise the troughs an inch or 
two above the floor. Fixed in this way all liquid 
splashed out of the troughs would immediately drain 
away from the pens out into the yards together with 
all the liquid voidings of the animals a gutter being 
laid just outside the pens in the alley to carry this 
away into the yards at fixed points. The pens would 
thus always be kept dry and clean. Dry food could 
be fed from the centre alley on to the dry floor of the 
pens. Instead of the floors of the pens being partially 
wood and partially ashes we would concrete the floor 
of the whole house before fixing the pens making 
provision by the insertion of posts at the proper 
places for the pen divisions before laying the con- 
crete. This is the only effectual way to keep the floor 
of the pens level and dry. Hogo will root unless pre- 
vented by either concrete or stone and a floor rooted 
up is always more or less a wet one. The pens for 
breeding sows should have a fender rail 4x4 fixed 
6 inches above the floor and G inches from the sides 
of the pen to prevent the little pigs from being 
crushed by being laid on. When the pigs are weaned 
they should live as much as possible out in the fields 
or hog lots and only require a shed for protection 
from sun and storms except in cold wintry weather 
when they should be kept in the pens in the house. 
The following is the description above referred to : 
A hog barn was erected a little over a year ago on 
the University farm which has proven to be very sat- 
isfactory in its arrangement, and as it was erected at 
a moderate cost, some facts concerning its construc- 
tion will doubtless interest swine breeders who may 
contemplate erecting buildings at an early date. This 
barn, with yards and all complete, cost about $400. 
It is 18 feet wide and 100 feet long, and contains a 
feed room at one end 16x18 feet and 16 pens 7x8 
feet, with a 4-foot passage down the centre. Eight 
of these pens open directly into yards 8 feet wide and 
50 feet long. These are intended primarily for 
brood sows and young pigs, in order that they may 
go out and enjoy all the sunshine and fresh air pos- 
sible. The eight pens on the other side are intended 
primarily for the fattening of experimental animals. 
They could easily be utilized for breeding animals, 
if so desired, as the doors to each pen are exactly 4 
feet wide and those on each side of the passage are 
STiTing from the opposite side, so when any two are 
open they form a complete rxmaway across the hall 
so that animals can be conveniently transferred from 
one side of the house to the other. The partitions be- 
tween the pens are movable, so that if desirable one 
pen 7x16 feet can be made. The flooring extends 
under the troughs and covers 3 feet of the pens. The 



troughs and flooring are laid on a heavy bed of coal 
cinders, which protects them from the damp and pre- 
vents their rapid decay. The flooring is made of 
l^xl2-ineh oak planks, both for the stalls and for 
the hallway as well. The balance of the pen is kept 
well filled M^th coal cinders or bedding, according 
to the season of the year. The principal objection to 
coal cinders is that it makes white hogs look very un- 
sightly, but for black hogs it does not make so much 
difference. As the hogs are fond of cinders and eat 
them quite freely, they answer a very useful purpose 
in the economy of the hog. The feeding troughs are 
5 feet 9 inches long, 10^ inches wide and 10 inches 
high. They may be preserved almost indefinitely by 
lining with a single sheet of galvanized iron metal, 
which prevents them from becoming sour and in- 
fested with undesirable bacteria, which may later 
breed some form of disease. When covered with a 
single sheet of metal in this way they can be effec- 
tually sprayed, as can the whole building, once a week 
or oftener, with some disinfectant material. Gates 
5 feet 9 inches long ai-e swung over each trough. 
These gates are provided with a wooden slot and han- 
dle so they can be lifted up and held by the back side 
of the trough until the food is placed therein when 
the latch is again lifted and they are adjusted to a 
normal position. This keeps the hogs out of the 
trough until the food is properly distributed and 
saves much annoyance and loss of time and food as 
well. 

A window is provided for each pen in the barn, 
and a door is placed directly underneath each win- 
dow on the side opening into the yards. This gives 
18 windows to the building, and as they are 
2x10x3x4 inches with six panes 10x18 inches, they 
admit plenty of light and air. They are set in slots 
and can be moved to one side at will. 

The sills and corner posts of the building should 
be constructed of 4x6s. The rafters should be 2x6s, 
and the studding 2x4s or 2x6s if special durability is 
desired; fxl0xl2 siding should be used, and fx2 inch 
battens. Matched flooring should also be used for 
the feed room. The building described is 8 feet high 
at the rear and 12 feet at the front. It has proven 
satisfactory in every way, providing an abundance 
of light and fresh air at all seasons of the year, and 
as it will house from .50 to 75 hogs, depending on the 
size, considering the first cost, it should nrove a cheap 
and satisfactory pen. 



Don't turn the cows out in the cold autumn rains 
and storms. 

Don't scrimp the feed when the cows leave the pas- 
ture. 

Don't milk with wet hands. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



703 



The Poultry Yard. 



PREPARING FOR WINTER. 

Now that work does not press so closely, just take 
a day off from farm work and give it to the hens. 
Have the honse thoroughly cleaned, burn up all old 
nests and trash of every kind ; repair all defective 
places and especially all broken windows and close up 
most of the ventilators. In winter very little ven- 
tilation will suffice to keep the atmosphere pure, and 
excess of it means roup and non-laying hens. When 
all repairs are completed, lime wash the house and 
nest boxes, mixing a little kerosene in the wash. 
Then put a good layer of fine gravel or sharp sand on 
the floor and cover with leaves or short cut straw. 
Cull out all old hens and and surplus roosters and 
either sell or eat them. They will be non-producers 
at the time when the cost of production is the highest. 
Arrange to begin feeding every day a warm mash in 
the morning, made up of bran, corn meal and oatmeal 
in equal parts. Scald this and feed at once. When 
the morning is very cold add a pinch or two of black 
pepper or boil some red pepper pods in the water. 
See that there is always a good supply of fresh water 
in the troughs and in very cold weather this may 
with advantage be warmed just sufficient to take the 
chill off. Feed hard grain, wheat and corn mixed 
at night. 



HOW LAYERS ARE MADE. 

If market prices follow the natural course of events 
there will be good prices ruling for eggs through No- 
vember and December, and every one will Avant to be 
on the ground floor. To get there the first move will 
be to kill off all hens over eighteen months old ; then 
out of the remaining year-old hens, and this year's 
pullets, select any that are known to be very poor 
layers and relegate them to the culinary department. 
The remainino- stock is then the most suitable for egg 
producing. If there is an over supply of pullets and 
yearling hens remember that the May hatched pullets, 
if they have had good treatment, make the best fall 
and winter layers. The flock can then be reduced 
accordingly. Properly, the flock should be rediiced 
to its working size by the twentieth of the month, and 
from then on can be crowded for profitable opera- 
tions. 

In connection with getting the flock into working 
order, the results of a trial at the Central Experimen- 
tal Farm last year are interesting. On October 22d, 
seventy birds were enclosed in comfortable quarters 
with limited runs, and one hundred and forty-seven 
were left out to run over a large range. Winter lay- 
ing had not begun in either lot, and both were fed 



the same rations. At the end of November the en- 
closed lots had laid 192 eggs, and those having a 
large run had laid 1 32 ; the advantage very clearly 
being with those that were enclosed, and thus en- 
couraged to begin laying. By the middle of Decem- 
ber, however, laying was general in both flocks. The 
average age at which the pullets began laying waa 
five months. — Farmer's Advocate (Canada.) 



WHY THE HENS DO NOT LAY. 

The- reason your hens do not lay any better is, I 
believe, you are feeding a too narrow ration. While 
many poultry raisers feed oats I do not use them at 
all now. The hens do not like them and will eat up 
everything they can get before they will eat the oats. 
I do not believe in compelling my fowls to eat what 
they do not want. Nature seems to have given an 
appetite to fowls for the kind of food the system calls 
for. The oats would be all right if we could dispose 
of the sharp pointed burr or husk. Corn and wheat 
are all right, especially the wheat. So are the green 
feeds ; but if your mash is composed of nothing but 
bran it is not sufficient. Try a chop of fine ground 
oats, corn and wheat, with one and one-half pints of 
good meat meal to every three gallons of mixed soft 
feed, and above all give plenty of good, fresh water. 
I cannot agree with Mr. Clipp in regard to oyster 
shells. The laying hens are fairly ravenous for shell 
and if they are not constantly supplied will eat it like 
corn when they do get the chance. I find that if my 
yarded fowls do not have shell they will eat their 
eggs. A neighbor asked me what she could do to 
keep her hens from eating eggs, as they would eat 
every egg they could find. I told her to try oyster 
shells, and they quit at once. That Avoman will not 
do without shell at all. Before we went into the 
poultry business and made a study of it we would 
lose a large number of fowls with various diseases, 
mostly cholera, but since we use oyster shell on the 
inside and loiise powder on the outside of the fowls 
we have not had a single case of cholera. — National 
Stochman. 



POULTRY SHOW IN RICHMOND, VA. 

The Virginia Poultry and Pet Stock Association 
will have its annual exhibition in the Masonic Tem- 
ple, Richmond, 23d to 28th November. The pre- 
mium list is a heavy one, and the judges experts and 
reliable men. Dogs will also be a prominent feattire 
at the show, under the auspices of the Virginia Ken- 
nel Chib. See advertisement of the show in this 
issue. We would like to see a great success achieved. 
The poultry interest is now a great one in the South. 



704 



THE SOUTHERN^ PLANTER. 



[November 



The Horse. 



NOTES. 

Richmond's third annual Horse Show was a grand 
success in point of attendance, the character of ex- 
hibits and financially, and interest never seemed to 
flag from the rise of the curtain on Tuesday evening, 
Oct-ober 13th until the close on the following Satur- 
day. The management of the Association made up 
of President J. T. Anderson ; Vice-President Harry 
C. Beattie, Secretary W. 0. Warthen, Manager C. 
W. Smith and others, were well pleased over the re- 
sult and are already maturing plans for a show to be 
held on even a grander scale in 1904. And all of 
this in spite of the financial depression which has 
strongly affected Richmond. Well known stables 
from prominent northern centres were here in force 
Avith prize winners that have held their own at the 
big shows all down the line, but at that, Virginia 
horses made a grand display and their work on the 
tan bark brought forth unbounded applause. This, 
of course, applies mostly to hunters and jumpers, be- 
cause harness horses like those exhibited by Dr. W. 
E. Woodend, Mrs. John Gerken, Mrs. James B. M. 
Grosvenor, G. Trowbridge Hollister, Mrs. A. E. 
Deiterich and others were of a very high class and 
able to compete successfully in any company, but 
even then home bred products were in evidence. The 
four-in-hand driving of the noted whips, Charles 
Fownes with T)r. Woodend's horses, and Jack Don- 
nelly with those of Mr. Trowbridge and Mrs. Hol- 
lister was a revelation to Richmond audiences. Sid- 
ney J. Hollow ay, with his sister. Miss Maria Hollo- 
way, of Scarsdale, IST. Y., brought down the well 
known hunters and jumpers. Chappie and Freelance 
and their horsemanship was simply grand. HoAvard 
Willet's, of White Plains, had the world's champion 
high jumper Heatherbloom, Toronto and several 
others in charge of Richard Donnelly. Heather- 
bloom was booked to jump against the record, but 
was drawn on ajccount of the death of Mr. Willet's 
son and Donnelly sent his own horse Rifle OA'^er the 
jumps on Saturday night at seven feet, two inches. 
The display of Virginia bred hunters and jumpers 
Avas great, among them being Amaret, Hornpipe, 
Buck and others that have Avon at the big shoAvs. 
Among tlie best knOAvn Virginia exhibitors Avere 
Chas. H. Hurkamp, Harry C. Beattie, T. L. Evans, 
J. B. !McComb, Morris & Joslin, Mr. and Mrs. Blair 
Johnson, L. D. Passano Jr., R. M. Taylor, C. W. 
Smith, J. StcAvart Bryan, Miss lionise Selden, R. C. 
Selden and others. 

^* (5* ^* 

The largest winners at the Richmond Horse ShoAv 
were Dr. and Mrs. W. E. Woodend, of Ncav York, 
who are credited Avith $1,Y50, but they had the large 



stable here, numbering some 16 harness and saddle 
horses, while Mrs. James B. M. Grosvenor followed 
with $750, G. Trowbride Hollister, with $725, Mrs. 
John Gerken with $520, Thomas Deford with $300, 
Charles Pfizer with $250, R. M. Taylor with $175 
and Mrs. A. E. Deiterich with $250. These were 
from a distance but Virginia horses did well and 
their owners stand credited as follows: E. A. Saun- 
ders, $325, Garber & Garber, $175, John Kerr 
Branch, $200, W. E. Boeing, $150, Mr. and Mrs. 
J. SteAvart Bryan, $247.50, T. L. Evans, $183, L. 
D. Passano, Jr., $167, D. B. Tennant, $112.50, 
McComb & Snyder, $150, Hon. Henry Fairfax, 
$100, John H."^ Selden, $100, B. S. Forbes, $100, 
Mrs. Blair Johnston, $150. In this list the most 
noteworthy Avinners are Mrs. Blair Johnston, with 
Robin Adair and Lord Chesterfield, both of whom 
were in the saddle classes, and Charles H. Hurkamp, 
v;ho only had three horses and Avas here three days. 
Amaret, Hornpipe and Alan-a-dale made up the Hur- 
kamp stable. Three blues and a couple of red rib- 
bons went to Amaret, one blue to Hornpipe and Alan- 
a-dale, a green horse, followed with one yellow ribbon. 

^w ^* t^w 

Through an advertisement in the Pl,antee, Avhich 
in passing I may add is excelled as an advertising 
medium by no journal in the land treating on similar 
subjects, to which replies were received from widely 
different sections, T have sold to W. C. McMackin, 
superintendent of the speed department of the North 
Carolina Agricultural Society, Raleigh, the bay 
stallion Whalebone, 7S72. by Abdallah Wilkes, son 
of George Wilkes; dam MollyO., by Abdallah, 15, 
the sire of Goldsmith Maid 2 ;14 ; the famous sires 
Almont, Belmont, etc. Mr. McMackin Avill drive 
Whalebone on the road and use him in the stud. The 
son of Abdallah Wilkes has size, finish and good 
looks, and his get take after him. Five of his daugh- 
ters were bred" in the spring to Pilot Medium, Jr., 
2 :09 3-4, Avho holds a world's record to cart ; and to 
D. C. Lester, sheriff of Polk county, Hatfield, Ar- 
kansas, the broAvn colt Featherbone, 38363, foaled 
May 27, 1902, by Whalebone, dam Alcyrene, 
2 :27 3-4, trial 2 :19' 1-4, by the famous dead Alcy- 
one, 2 :27. This colt is well formed, handsome .and 
of nice size, Avhile his action and gait betoken both 
speed and race horse quality. Featherbone was pur- 
chased by Mr. Lester to place in the stud. His dam, 
Alcyrene, I sold last spring to M. W. Savage, owner 
of Dan Patch, 1 :59 ; Directum, 2 :05 1-4, etc., and 
she is now a member of the great band of brood mares 
in his stiid. Alcyrene was bred to Directum. 

V* V* <3* 

That ever popular and meritorious organization, 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



705 



the Deep Run Hunt Club is evidently taking on new 
life, as a meeting was recently held at the Westmore- 
land Club and matters of importance discussed, while 
officers for the ensuing year were elected. The Hunt 
Club has played an important part here since its or- 
ganization more than a decade since, not only social- 
ly, but in stimulating an interest in well bred horses 
and creating a demand for hunters and jumpers, like- 
wise in the development of such, and drawing the at- 
tention of the outside world to Virginia's splendid re- 
sources in that direction. It is likely that the pres- 
ent headquarters of the club may be changed at an 
early date and other sports, including shooting and 
golf, added. A number of members are favorable 
to having a country club house out on the Cary street 
road and the impression prevails that the Hermitage 
Club and Hunt Club are likely to unite in securing 
a home. The officers elected : President, Cotesworth 
C. Pinkney; Vice-President, W. Otto ISTolting; Sec- 
retary and Treasiirer, Major P. A. Wellford ; M. F. 
H., Mr. Harry C. Peattie; Board of Directors, 
Messrs. Joseph Willard, J. Stewart Bryan, Harry C. 
Beattie, J. T. Anderson, Prank W. Christian, Car- 
ter W. Branch, H. S. Halves, Barton H. Grundv and 
Dr. J. A. White. 

Jit Jt ^ 

At the sale of imported thoroughbred brood mares, 
yearlings and weanlings consigned by Douglas H. 
Grand, of Kent, England, and sold under the man- 
agement of the American Blood Stock Agency at the 
American Horse Exchange, 'New York, October 2nd, 
Eobert l^eville, Welbourne, Virginia, was among the 
piirchasers and secured the following: Cashla, chest- 
nut mare, II by Bend Or, dam Ashgi'ove, by Albert 
Victor, $500 ; chestnut filly, weanling, by Queen's 
Birthday, dam Cashla, $50 ; bay ,colt, weanling, by 
Freak, dam Sunspot, by Prism, $100; chestnut filly, 
weanling, by Carlton Grange, dam Claire, by Low- 
lander, $75 ; bay colt, weanling, by Missel Thrush, 
dam Armoury, by ^louron, bay filly, weanling, by 
Ear^vig, dam Ravello, by Sir Hugo, $75 ; chestnut 
colt, yearling, by El Diablo, dam Australian Gold, 
bv Bendigo. $175. 

J« J» j« 

Capt. Edward P. Baird, breeder of thoroughbred 
harness horses, hunters and jumpers at Epping For- 
est Stud Farm, Occiipacia, Va., writes me that he 
is well pleased with the condition of his stock, all of 
them on the farm. The^ thoroughbred department 
includes the brood mares imp. Pleasure, a chestnut, 
foaled 1889, by Fortissimo, dam My Beauty, by IP 
Gladiatore, bred to Judge Morrow, and T^Tiofe, by| 
Eolus, dam I^ita, by imp. Billet; bred to Chiswick, 
Lotus Lilly, bay filly, yearling, by imp. Water Level, 
dam Evangeline Cisneros, by Eon; Iron Prince, 
chestnut colt, yearling, by Chiswick, dam imp. Pleas- 
tire, and Tvepstone, black colt, weanling, by Iron 



Crown, dam imp. Pleasure. Capt. Baird also has 
some good looking half breds from standard bred 
mares, among them a couple of handsome geldings 
4 and 5, which are being driven to pole. 

^w tS^ i3^ 

Mr. Chamblin's Lucky Clover, bay gelding, 6, by 
Flatlands, dam Lucky Clover, by Bersan, certainly 
won the title of our champion steplechaser by win- 
ning the great $10,000 steeplechase at Morris Park, 
New York, on October 3, with 167 pounds on his 
back and defeating the best horses in training, among 
others the well known Self Protection, a winner of 
this event last season and who was once regraded as a 
likely candidate for English Grand I^ational honors. 
Land of Clover was bred by J. H. McGavock, Fort 
Chiswell Stud, Max Meadows, Va., and sired by 
Flatlands, the son of imp. Woodlands and Maggie 
B. B., dam of Iroquois. Flatlands heads the Fort 
Chiswell Stud and has sired among other winners 
this season Callant, Miss Liza and Old Mike, all of 
whom were bred at Fort Chiswell. Callant is owned 
by C. D, Hutzler, of this city, for whom he has won 
some good races at the Chicago tracks. 

(5* t5* ^* 

At famous Belle Meade Stud's dispersal sale, 
which took place recently at New York, the former 
noted race rnare Ma Belle, a product of the Ellerslie 
Stud, by imp. Charaxus, dam Ada Belle, by Molus, 
was purchased by R. C. Brien for $1,050. Ma Belle 
is 15 years old and has been a matron at Belle Meade 
for some years past. The Belle Meade horses were 
sold in l^ew York and the highest price obtained was 
$15,000 for The Commoner, chestnut horse, 11, by 
Hanover, dam Margerine, by Algerina, the Virginia 
bred son of Abdel Kader and famous TTina, by Bos- 
ton. ,5* <5» ^ 

The Tranter-Xenney Company, of Lexington, 
Ky., offered a prize of $25 for a name best suited to 
the yearling colt by Jay McCregor, dam Millionaire, 
by ITorwood. Something like one thousand names 
were submitted from many different sections, but the 
prize went to J. H. Wingate, City Engineer, of Roa- 
noke, Va., who chose the name Plutocrat and got the 
prize. 

t^w ^s t3^ 

President J. T. iVndersou, of the Richmond Hors« 
Show Association, is authority for the statement that 
the pi-ofits of the recent exhibit here were $10,000. 
The total expenses were $20,000 and the receipts 
from all sources reached $30,000, thus leaving quite 
a nice balance on which to do business next year. 

id* •S* *5* 

Dan Patch has again beaten the record, having gone 
the distance at ^femphis on the 22d October in 1.56-|, 
and this without a wind shield in front of him. Re- 
cords are now being smashed so rapidly that we can- 
not keoj) pace with them. Broad Rock. 



706 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[November 



Miscellaneous. 



COURT DAY IN VIRGINIA. 

This old institution of the State is now almost a 
thing of the past. In a few months, under the pro- 
visions of the new Constitution, the county courts will 
be abolished and circuit courts held at longer inter- 
vals will take their place. We rejoice at this change. 
It is one which we had long advocated. There was 
no reason whatever why the taxes of the people should 
be expended in maintaining 100 county court judges 
with the necessary staffs, when a much less number 
could easily discharge the duties. Economy and effi- 
ciency both demanded the change. Whilst, however, 
we rejoice in the abolishing of the courts, we do not 
wish to see the gathering of the people together on the 
court days abolished. In order that this may not 
follow, we suggest that the county authorities and the 
people should, before the new Constitutional prp- 
visions come into operation, meet on a court day and 
make the necessary arrangements for continuing the 
court days as monthly markets at which the citizens 
of the counties can meet and dispose of their live and 
dead farm products. In England every county town 
and most other towns in the counties, have a certain 
day in each week which is known as "market day." 
These are old established institutions, many of them 
dating back hundreds of years. On these particular 
days, and also on two or three other days in the year, 
known as "fair days," the farmers bring in their pro- 
duce of all kinds and dealers and buyers from all over 
the county and from adjoining counties and cities 
attend to buy the same. In this way a large business 
is done, everv one knowing that buyers and sellers 
will be there for products of every kind. There is no 
reason whatever why this same system of markets and 
fairs cannot be established here, and usefully take the 
place of the old "court day," affording an opportunity 
much needed, of a place to buy and sell, and also for 
the meeting of the people to discuss business and 
local and national questions. The County Board of 
Supervisors and other county authorities should ar- 
range their meetings so as to be held also on these 
market days, and thus aid in establishing the market 
by bringing the people together. We commend this 
suggestion to the attention of the authorities and peo- 
ple of each county, and shall be glad to hear the views 
of the people on the subject. In the words of the 
good old Book, we would say: "Forsake not the as- 
^ 'Ambling of yourselves together." There is too much 



isolation amongst farmers already. Get together and 
correct this. 



ICE HOUSE BUILDING. 

We have several enquiries as to the building of an 
ice house, and as to whether we advise a house above 
ground or a pit in the ground as a storage place for 
ice. In reply to these, we will say that we strongly 
prefer a house above ground to a pit for many rea- 
sons. In the first place, it is easier built than a pit 
is dug. In the next place, it is more economical and 
saving of ice than a pit, and it is also easier to fill and 
to empty. A house for keeping ice should be built on 
high, dry ground, with easy means of good drainage, 
for upon perfect drainage of water from the ice, and 
good ventilation over the top of it, depends largely 
the economical storage of the article. The other con- 
ditions requisite for success in storing is such a house 
as will effectually exclude the air from the ice and 
maintain an equable low temperature. The best ice 
house, is practically a house within a house. The 
space between the inner lining and the outer house 
should be from 12 to 15 inches, and this space should 
be packed tight with sawdust or some other non-con- 
ducting substance, but sawdust is usually the cheap- 
est and most easily obtained. This double wall fea- 
ture should be extended to the roof, which should be 
also double and packed like the side walls. Double 
doors should also be provided, and the intervening 
space be packed with bags of sawdust when the house 
is closed. The floor should be raised a few inches 
above the ground level, say 6 inches, and should be 
laid with battens an inch apart to permit of drain- 
age from the melting ice. The water thus draining 
from the ice should be drained away from the house by 
a pipe drain, which should have a bend in it, which 
will hold water the full circumference of the pipe, 
so as to completely exclude air from the ice house. 
In the gables of the roof there should be fixed two 
ventilators, which will carry off all heated air from 
the top of the ice. As the ice is filled in it should be 
chunked with ice between the blocks and should be 
covered with 12 or 15 inches of sawdust, over which 
should be spread a thick covering of marsh hay or fine 
cut straw. Ice weighs about 50 pounds to the cubic 
foot, so that it is easy to calculate what size of house 
is necessary when the daily consumption is known. 
A house 10x10x10 will hold 1,000 cubic feet of ice. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHEKN PLAIsfTER. 



707 



or about 25 tons, this after allowing for wasting by 
melting will provide 200 pounds per day for 150 
days, an ample supply for a large household and for 
a dairy. If the ice house can be built on the north 
side of other buildings overshadowing it or under a 
large tree it will be desirable to build there, as these 
will protect it from the rays of the hot summer sun, 
and thus save ice. 



KEEPING BEES. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Every progressive farmer should have a small 
apiary. Besides the profit in bees, there is a satis- 
faction in caring for them and studying them scien- 
tifically. I say "scientifically," for I should not ad- 
vise any one to keep bees in any other way. Books 
and periodicals on bee-keeping, and standard bee 
materials, are so accessible and cheap in these days 
that obsolete and makeshift methods are out of the 
question. 

One or two colonies are enough to start with, for it 
will take some time to become expert enough to 
handle a great number Avith success. Any of the 
first class modern hives will do. The simplest are 
generally the best. Avoid all fancy, trick hives, and 
don't make the mistake that I did in getting more 
than one kind, whose parts will not exchange. Of 
course, you should have the frame hive, which you 
can open at any time for the purpose of ascertaining 
the condition of your bees. There will be a brood 
chamber below occupied by the bees as a permanent 
house. Above this is a smaller story, called the 
super, in which they will deposit all surplus honey 
which falls to the share of the master. In the loAver 
story the brood frames extend the whole length of the 
hive, while the upper story is filled with small sec- 
tion frames about large enough to hold a pound each 
of comb honey. 

Modem beekeepers have a great many appliances, 
some of which you will find very necessary, while 
others are not. A smoker is very essential. You 
also want a bee veil of fine material as a protection 
against stings. A pair of cheap buckskin gloves is 
not amiss, though you will soon learn to do without 
them, as I did. If you deal gently with your bees 
and smoke them properly, there is little danger of 
stings. 

The bee yard should be near the house, where 
swarms may be seen as soon as they come out. Other- 
wise they will often get away without your knowing 
it. The bees should be fenced off in a little inclosure 



to themselves. This is to ward off stock and protect 
the bees from disturbance. It is well to have some 
shade for each hive, though either very much shade or 
very little is not best. The stands should face the 
south, and, if in the edge of an orchard, so much the 
better. Bees and fruit go well together. The bees 
carry pollen from bloom to bloom, and make them 
fertile, while the blooms in turn afford honey for the 
bees. 

While it is not necessary to be working with a 
small number of bees continuously, they should never 
be out of mind. They require some attention in all 
seasons. In the early spring there will be weak 
colonies, which will require feeding. Late in the 
fall, if the lower story is not sufficiently packed with 
honey for winter, it is again necessary to feed, and 
thus replenish the stores. All through the warm 
season the combs of the brood chamber should be ex- 
amined every three or four weeks to see if they con- 
tain eggs or brood. If they do not, the colony is 
probably queenless. In that case a new queen must 
be introduced, or else you should put in frames of 
combs containing eggs from other hives. From these 
the bees will raise a new queen. If this is not done, 
the colony will soon die out from want of new bees, 
for bees live but a short time — only a few months at 
longest. In getting my experience, I let two colo- 
nies die, and I now feel sure that they had become 
queenless. 

iVbout fifty years ago the Rev. L. L. Langstrath 
invented the modern hive, with movable frames. He 
may be called the greatest of beekeepers, and his 
motto was : "Keep yoiir colonies strong." If this is 
done, you need not have much fear of the result. 
Moth worms cannot hurt a strong colony. They only 
take possession as the colony weakens down and dies 
out. 

The main honey flow comes early in the season for 
most parts of the country. Orchards and white 
clover usually furnish the principal crops. Sour- 
wood and chestnut blooms are valuable pasture. The 
poplar, or tulip tree is a rich honey producer in the 
South. Cotton, cow peas and buckwheat are per- 
haps the best crops on the farm to produce honey as 
a by product. It will scarcely pay to sow any crop 
as a honey producer alone. Many weeds afford good 
bee pasture. Spanish needles, boneset, stick weeds 
Tasters') and golden rod are our main dependence 
late in the summer and fall. 

Bee pasture is not equally good in all parts of the 
country. The most honey is produced in the buck- 
wheat districts of 'Neyv York and the alfalfa fields of 



708 



THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE. 



[November 



the Rocky Mountain region. The wild sage of Cali- 
fornia is also rich in honey. Apiaries in these sec- 
tions of the country are very profitable. The pro- 
duct of a single season often reaches many tons, and 
brings in several thousand dollars to a single pro- 
ducer. Texas is perhaps the best honey State in the 
South. T. C. K. 

Knox Co., Tenn. 



TOBACCO MARKETS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Permit me, through your columns, to appeal on 
behalf of Virginia tobacco growers, to the Legislature 
to enact some statute to regulate the sale of leaf to- 
bacco. Some years ago when all warehouses were 
bonded, we only had to pay 3 per cent., and we had a 
State officer to see after citizen's or producer's inter- 
ests. Warehouse men went before the Legislature 
and represented that this State officer was a useless 
burden on the good people, and if done away with 
they would sell tobacco at a less cost. The Legisla- 
ture (as they usually do in such cases) heeded them, 
and immediately there sprang up in every little town 
tobacco warehouses, and they have gradually in- 
creased their charges until now they charge about 
what they choose. This seems to be the schedule: 
10 cents per 100 for weighing, 25 cents per pile auc- 
tion fee (they boast they sell 6 piles per minute, 
$1.55 per minute, made by a man they hire at $10 
per month sometimes, as I understand), and after 
charging as above, they charge 2^ per cent, on gross 
sales for handing over the money. Taking the en- 
tire crop, T suppose this amounts to about 25 per cent, 
of what it brings. Of course, when the tobacco is 
good and sold in large lots this percentage is reduced, 
but as the biilk of the crop is sold in small lots and 
comes in the low grades, the charge is large. Tobacco 
is different from any other product, as all we can do 
with it is to sell it, and there are so many people de- 
pendent on that crop for a livelihood, it should be 
legislated about as milling is. If I send a load of 
grain to market, all I am charged by the commission 
merchant is 3 per cent., for a crate of eggs, coop of 
chickens, or other country produce I am only charged 
5 per cent, and it is certainly twice as much trouble 
to handle these small articles as tobacco. This legis- 
lation would help both the merchant and manufac- 
turer, as the farmer's purchases aro generally only 
limited by his purse. Virginians pay warehouse 
men about $2,000,000 annually for selling tobacco. 
A warehouse with a good custom is a veritable gold 
mine. Three per cent, is all they ought to be allowed 
to charge, and they can make good money at that. 

Mecklenburg Co., Va. Thos. H. Orgain. 

We doubt much whether such legislation as is sug- 



gested would be desirable. We hold strongly to the 
opinion that the less legislation there is interfering 
with the free choice of a man as to his manner of con- 
ducting his business or himself, so long as he does not 
injure his neighbor by his conduct, the better it is for 
all. With a multiplicity of warehouses such as now 
exist free competition should give better results than 
limiting the opportunities for selling. Why should 
not the tobacco growers organize themselves into an 
association like the Sweet Potato growers of the East- 
ern Shore have done and then sell their own produce 
in their own warehouses on their own terms. If 
there be the profit in conducting warehouses, which 
our correspondent asserts there should be no difficulty 
in doing this. Better regulate terms of business by 
organization than by legislation. It is easier done, 
and they can then be altered or abolished whenever 
desired by those who are primarily affected. — Ed. 



FARMING AS A BUSINESS. 

(The following article was prepared and read be- 
fore a recent Farmers' Institute at the Agricultural 
College, Miss., by Mr. W. B. Mercier, of Centreville, 
Miss. Mr. Mercier is an old time subscriber to and 
reader of The Southern Pla:siter, and a successful 
farmer and business man.) 
Mr. President and Gentlemen : 

The most hopeful sign of the times, from an agri- 
cultural standpoint, is the general recognition by 
thinking men of the importance and necessity of 
brains in our farming classes. The old theory that 
any fool can farm, and when any one fails in another 
calling he may take up farming and succeed, is now 
regarded as an insult to the farmers. Farming, as a 
business, was instituted by the Creator Himself. It 
has been recognized as an indispensable and import- 
ant occupation by the greatest men. But it is only 
recently that farming has begun to take precedence 
over the professions. We, as farmers, should never 
be satisfied with anything short of the leading place 
for it ; for upon its successful pursuit all other call- 
ings must of necessity depend for their very existence. 
Farming as a business is fast attracting the attention 
of our greatest thinkers and financiers, and we re- 
joice to see numbers of our brainest young men re- 
maining upon the farm and putting forth all their 
energies to build tip this long neglected vocation. 
The successful farmer is now looked upon as the 
shrewdest business man of his neighborhood. This 
is just to his ability, as no other occupation requires 
so broad a range of strictly business forethought and 
mental work in the general arrangement of its plans. 
ISTothing else offers such a great opportunity for the 
development of a truly great business career. 



r.>03.] 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



709 



We believe there is no other place on earth to be 
compared with the farm in our beautiful South-land, 
and especially in the State of Mississippi for oppor- 
tunities and inducements to any thorough-going busi- 
ness-seeking young men. Farmers, as a class, ai*e 
fast commanding the respect of the world, and are 
rapidly taking their places along with the most ad- 
vanced men of oiir time, intellectually, socially and 
financially. Therefore we are called upon to put 
forth every effort and to assume the lead in all thet' 
affairs of State which the natural position of our* 
business requires of us. 

To insure the greater success for our young men, 
they should have a thorough course in an agricultural 
college, where the theory as well as practice of mod- 
ern scientific fanning may be learned. In the case 
of older men, whose circumstances and environments 
preclude the possibility of such a course of study, we 
recommend the careful reading of several good farm 
papers along with the various Experiment Station 
luilletins from our own State institution and from 
the United States Department of Agriculture, at 
Washington. By all means they should attend the 
farmers' meetings, foremost, and, we think, the most 
successful of which are Farmers' Institutes, wliich 
have recently become so popular throughout the coun- 
try. These institutes are now held at various points 
through the State, so there is scarcely a farmer who 
cannot easily attend one of them. No one can attend 
a session without coming aAvay with some new and 
useful idea about some part of his farm work. We 
Avould, however, warn the college graduate of the 
dangers of theoretical farming without the ability to 
substitute at any and all times the more staple and 
reliable art of practical work. We have found from 
actual experience that many beautiful theories in 
farming will not pan out in practice, and imless a 
man has common sense enough to choose and apply 
practical methods in conjunction with theories, in all 
farm work he had best follow something else. 

The application of strictly business principles to 
all lines of farm work has been, and still is, the crying 
need of the day. We can no longer succeed by the 
old slipshod methods, any more than a doctor or law- 
yer can succeed by applying the methods of his fore- 
fathers. Plans should be laid out for a series of 
years, often as much as ten years ahead. We must, 
of course, be governed by circumstances in the ulti- 
mate carrying out of these plans. Constant changes 
and revisions must be made to meet the ever-changing 
demands of the hour. No iron-clad rules can be 
laid down for any branch of work on the farm, no 
more than any one medicine can be prescribed for all 
diseases, for no two seasons are alike, consequently 
what would be good one year in working a crop could 
not be done at all the next. The business farmer 
must know when and how to prepare and cultivate his 



soils. Use only such fertilizers, and in such quanti- 
ties, as are best suited to each crop. Grow the crops 
that require the least expenditure of labor and money 
for the largest profits. Sell what one makes at the 
highest price and buy only the best at the lowest 
prices possible. Raise only the best stock and these 
from good specimens of the chosen breed. Save 
everything grown that can be utilized as feed, and re- 
turn the same to the land from the barnyard and 
stables. 

Preserve the fertility of the soil regardless of other 
things, for vipon this will depend final success or 
failure, as no man can prosper on the proceeds of a 
constantly decreasing capital. Our farm lands are 
our only capital. If we study our business, adopt 
the best knoAvn methods, grove only such crops and 
stock as will give the greatest returns for the money 
and labor invested, nothing will keep us from attain- 
ing the highest ideal in farm life. The mere fact 
that so many make a reasonable success at farming in 
the old way is conclusive proof that no other occupa- 
tion under the sun is so sure of handsome returns 
when followed upon purely business principles. Sum 
up the drains and small losses on the farm under the 
ordinary management, and we can readily see that no 
other bTisiness could sustain half the loss and survive: 
Another serious problem facing the agricultural 
interest of our State and country is that of labor. It 
grows scarcer and less reliable each year. This can 
be partially met, and perhaps successfully so, by sub- 
stituting crops that can be grown and harvested by 
the use of improved machinery, and turning out more 
of our thin lands to pastures for growing more stock. 
The farmer who first foresees and adopts this plan 
will live to rejoice in his good judgment. There can 
be no denying the fact that the peaceable and success- 
ful employment of the negro as our only farm help 
will soon be a thing of the past unless some more 
stringent laAvs for his management and control can be 
devised. 

Diversified crops must be groAvn to insure perma- 
nent prosperity. The man who has something to sell 
at all seasons of the year can always be pointed out in 
a community as the man who is prospering. He soon 
learns Avhen and what to raise for sale. He buys the 
l>est from his neighbor, Avho, through ignorance of the 
market or carelessness in his management, is glad to 
sell at any price in order to eke out a mere existence. 
The well-informed man very frequently reaps his 
greatest profits from stock and other produce boiight 
from this thriftless neighbor at low prices, and sold 
at a profit when such produce is in demand at the 
highest market prices. Every wide-aAvake business 
farmer keeps books, and can at a moment's notice 
tell Avhat crop has paid a profit and what has not. 
Strict accounts are kept of every business transaction 
during the year, so when the season for balancing ac- 



710 



TKE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[November 



counts comes up he can see where he stands financially 
as compared with the year before. No farm can be 
run properly without a system of good bookkeeping, 
and each day's transactions, as well as the work, kind 
of weather, and anything of note may be recorded. 
We have found nothing in which this can be done so 
concisely, yet correctly, fully and conveniently, as 
what is sold as the Farmer's account book and farm 
record, published by E. A. Boehiie & Sons, Hansen, 
Neb. This book is handsomely bound, containing a 
record for three years. It is ruled off and arranged 
to contain any and everything which may need re- 
cording on the f arni, from a map of farm to the small- 
est itemized accounts with laborers or tenants. At the 
end of each year there is a blank for balancing up the 
year's account, and if your book has been properly 
kept it is only a few hours' work to give a detailed 
statement of the entire year, from which can be easily 
drawn conclusions as to what line of farming is most 
profitable to follow. 

While we have heretofore, as a State, adhered to 
the all cotton plan, except in a few communities, it is 
gratifying to note the growing tendency to raise other 
crops enough for home consumption at least. We 
note with pleasure that where the change from all 
cotton to diversified crops has been greatest there is 
the more general indication of thrift and prosperity 
among the people. We are pre-eminently a cotton 
growing State, and are likely to continue as such for 
years to come, but it is apparent to any observing 
farmer that we can raise profitably all our food stuff 
and plantation suplies, and at the same time grow 
just as many bales of cotton as we now do on half the 
land now devoted to growing it. We admit that the 
high price of cotton now has a tendency to make us 
loose our heads along this line, but if we stop to con- 
sider the relative high prices of other farm products 
we can easily see that many other things can be grown 
at a much greater net profit. Take, for instance, the 
price of meats for the past two or three years, and 
consider how cheaply hogs and cattle can be raised 
with the foods to finish them for the market, and we 
will have some idea of the bank accounts we might 
have had if we could only have been shrewd enough 
and had nerve enough to break from our old idols 
and have taken up the new. 

We have a neighbor who last year raised $1,000 
worth rice on 16 acres of land with about 3 hours 
labor each day from the time of planting until ready 
for harvesting. The preparation of land and har- 
vesting was done with 'mproved machinery at the 
minimum cost. After ten ■•cing his land he had only 
to turn a creek into his ditcl: "^s to irrigate the whole 
plat. The keeping up of these terraces and changing 
water gates was all the labor needed in growing the 
crop. This year his prospects are finer than last, 
with the additional satisfaction that the cost of labor 



has been still further reduced, and the original area 
enlarged. The same party raises hogs for market at 
a cost that would astonish an old cotton veteran. You 
had as well talk to this man about flying as to try to 
induce him to grow cotton. He is sharp enough to 
see how cheaply he can grow these crops, and he has 
easily figured what it cost to grow cotton. By grow- 
ing these crops he finds time to improve and beautify 
his farm and home, and he is not rushed to death 12 
months of the year like every cotton farmer. 

All of us are not situated to grow these special 
crops as this man, but many of us are, and it seems 
like folly not to raise them when we are assured that 
we are taking little risk as compared with cotton. We 
must not fail to call attention to the bearing organi- 
zations among farming communities have upon their 
business standing. This is a dav of organization 
and counter organization. No business or profession 
is without them, and when every one adopts a thing 
there must be some good derived from it. The far- 
mer cries out against organizations in other enter- 
prises, but fails to realize that it is possible for him to 
organize into a body that could defy the world. Since 
we have trusts and combines with us, and they are 
here to stay, would it not be a sensible proposition 
for us to stop complaining and play them at their 
o^vn games? If we will combine properly, it is in 
our power to regulate freight rates, taxation, buy and 
sell our products at wholesale, thereby cutting out 
the questionable profits of middlemen and commis- 
sion men. We could fix a uniform and reasonable 
price on our farm products, and in hundreds of other 
M^ays take our business affairs into our own hands. 
This would stop every other vocation from fleecing 
us, and we would cease to hear the cry of oppression 
from the agricTiltural part of our land. We read of 
where combines among farmers in the West have 
resulted in great benefit where they have handled all 
their business themselevs. In some instances they 
have actually run the trust out of business. This' 
only serves to illustrate the power we could exert by 
combined effort. But as long as we are cursed by 
the credit system in vogue throughout the South we 
need not hope for financial freedom. This evil can 
be eradicated by us, and until we arouse ourselves 
along this line and begin to examine into the busi- 
ness principles which underlie our farming interest 
we need not expect the universal prosperity and good- 
will which might reign supreme among us.. 

It is a generally accepted theory that we have not 
sufficient capital at command to develop our agricul- 
tural interests to the highest degree. All of us real- 
ize how handicaped any farmer is without sufficient 
money at hand to carry out his best plans and ideas to 
a successful business end. We must demonstrate to 
those who have money to invest that there is no busi- 
ness that returns such sure profits on the investment,. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



711 



when properly managed, as farming. When we suc- 
ceed in establishing this fact to the satisfaction of 
the moneyed men of the country we will have no fur- 
ther trouble in rinding plenty of money at cheap 
rates of interest to be loaned on good farm security. 
When we consider that often our crops are cut off 50 
per cent, in one year, and that frequently we suffer 
losses in stock and property that would bankrupt any 
other line of business, there should not be any great 
difficulty in proving to the capitalists of our country 
that no security is so good or certain for a term of 
years as a good farm with a wide-awake, business- 
like farmer in control. W. B. Mekcier. 
Cenireville, Miss. 



A CHANCE FOR AMERICAN FARMERS— MONEY IN 
GOATSKINS. 

A new industry is offering itself to the farmers of 
the United States. The fact that twenty-five million 
dollars' worth of goatskins are now annually import- 
ed into the United States, and that her enterprising 
manufacturers are obliged to send halfway around 
the Avorld for a large share of them, suggests that the 
farmers of the country have a great opportunity to 
put a large share of this sum into their pockets. 

A statement just presented by the Department of 
Commerce and Labor shows that importations of goat 
skins into the United States are now running at the 
rate of twenty-five million dollars per annum, and 
that a large share of these are brought from India, 
China, Arabia and southeastern Russia. The in- 
creasing popularity of certain classes of kid leather 
for footwear, as well as gloves, has increased very 
greatly the demand for goatskins in the United States 
within recent years. In 1885 the value of goatskins 
imported was about four million dollars ; by 1890 it 
had grown to nine millions, by 1898 it was fifteen 
millions, in 1900 it was twenty-two millions, and in 
1903 twenty-five millions, in round numbers. 

Of this large sum of money sent out of the country 
to purchase goatskins, seven million dollars went to 
India, nearly two millions to China, two and one-half 
millions to France, two and one-half millions to Rus 
sia, one and one-half millions to Brazil, one million 
to Argentina, and another million to Arabia. From 
India, which took less than five million dollars' worth 
of merchandise of all kinds from the United States 
last year, and has increased her purchases from us 
less than two million dollars in a decade, we have in- 
creased our importatioTis of goatskins alone from two 
million dollars in 1892 to seven and one-half million 
dollars in 1902. From Brazil, which has reduced her 
imports from the United States from fifteen million 
dollars in 1895 to ten million dollars in 1903, our 
purchases of goatskins last year were one and one- 
half million dollars. France, Russia, the United 



Kingdom, Tiirkey in Europe and Turkey in Asia, 
Arabia, China, southern Africa, Argentina and Mex- 
ico also contribute liberally to the supply of goatskins 
to make up the twenty-five million dollars' worth of 
this product brought into the United States annually. 
The farmers of the United States are apparently 
making no effort to reap any part of this golden har- 
vest for themselves. The census of 1900 showed the 
total number goats in the United States to be less than 
two millions, and when it is understood that the skins 
of probably twenty million goats were required to 
make the twenty-five million dollars' worth imported 
last year, it would be seen that the supply from the 
United States could have formed but a small share 
of the total consumption. Yet the fact that a large 
share of our supply of this important import comes 
from India, China, France and Mexico suggests that 
there are large areas in the United States which might 
produce goats successfully, and in sufficiently large 
mimbers to supply the entire home demand. 



GOOD ROADS. { 

Why Farmers Shodi.t) Favor Government Co- 
Operation. 
By Col. J. B. Killebrew. 
The rapidity with which the sentiment in favor of 
national aid to the common roads of the country hag 
spread, and the eagerness with which the proposition 
is Avelcomed since the introduction of the BroAvnlow 
bill in Congress have not only been highly gratifying 
to the friends of the measure, but surprising and as- 
tonishing to its opponents. The truth is, the great 
body of the farmers of the land are slow in demand- 
ing what they are jxistly entitled to. Had the same 
necessity as the want of go'od roads among farmers 
existed in relation to the manufacturing, mining or 
commercial interests of the country, such a necessity 
would have long since been recognized and met by 
adequate appropriations from Congress. The tillers 
of the soil do not work for their owu advancement. 
By the census of 1900 the whole number of people 
above the age of ten years engaged in gainful occu- 
pations in the United States was 29,074,117. Of 
this number 10,381,765 were engaged in agricultural 
pursuits. No other specified occupation employs so 
many. The manufacturing and mechanical pursuits 
employ 7,085,992 persons; trade and transportation, 
4,766,964, and professional ser\'ice, 1,258,739. And 
yet, the farmers of the country, that contribute more 
to its permanent prosperity than all other classes 
combined, have the smallest amount of consideration 
in the matter of Congressional appropriations. In 
all the history of the past legislation of the country 



712 



THE SOUTHEEIST PLANTER. 



[November 



but few efforts have been niade to equalize the benefits 
of Congressional appropriations. Until the rural 
mail routes were established a citizen living in the 
country rarely received direct benefits from the money 
expended by the general government, except that for 
the agricultural department. 

The commerce of the country felt the exuberance 
of fresh and lusty life and vigor from the improve- 
ment of the rivers and harbors, but this exuberance 
Avould have been vastly increased had half the money 
appropriated for rivers and harbors been applied to 
aid in the improvement and maintenance of the pub- 
lic roads, the very foundation of commerce. 

It must not be imagined that anyone proposes that 
the government shall enter upon the work of building 
public highways without the co-operation of the 
State, county or other political sub-division. The 
policy of the government should be to help these com- 
munities that help themselves ; to stimulate action 
and enterprise rather than to repress it by appro- 
priating money to those communities that do nothing 
for themselves. 



One of the first things that will be attempted will 
be to reduce the acreage cultivated in tobacco. This 
will have to be done by a general and uniform sys- 
tem, so that no more tobacco will be raised than is 
required e^h year. It is intended to hold a state 
meeting in Danville some time in November, to be at- 
tended by delegates from all the tobacco growing 
counties in Virginia, when an effort will be made to 
devise some uniform plan of work throughout . the 
state. — American Agriculturist. ' 



; A CORN EXHIBIT. 

At a recent meeting of the Virginia St. Louis Ex- 
position Committee it was decided to make a corn ex- 
hibit of not less than one thousand bushels in the ear. 

As an aid in locating fine corn crops and to stimu- 
late interest in this exhibit, the commission will give 
$20 as a prize for the best 100 ears sent in by any 
competitor Avith the understanding that all competing 
exhibits are to be donated to the corn exhibits. 

C!ompeting corn should be shipped in tight boxes or 
barrels to George E. Murrell, superintendent, No. 14 
Governor street, Kichmond, Va., C. O. D., by freight, 
on or before December 1 st of this year. 

(Jorn exhibits of from one bushel of ears to a flour 
barrel full of a kind, and of as many varieties as 
possible are desired. And as Virginia has a fine 
crop, it is ho])ed that corn growers, whether compet- 
ing or not, Avill send in shipments which in each case 
must bear the grower's name, and thus by united 
effort show Avhat Virginia can do in this line. 



Grass for Name, 

I enclose a sprig of grass like I sent some time ago 
when you advised me to send you a seed pod and 
bloom. I could not send it sooner as it is only just 
blooming out now. Please state in your next issue 
what it is and if it is of any value. J. G. Cox. 

Carroll county, Va. 

The grass is one of the "Nimble-wills" (Muhlen- 
hergia Mexicana). It is a native perennial of the 
Eastern United States. It is a very late grass not 
especially relished by stock and of little economic 
^•alue. — Eo. 



VIRGINIA TOBACCO GROWERS TRYING TO OR- 
GANIZE. ' 

A large number of tobacco groAvers and business 
^en met recently at Boydton, in the court-house, 
fend organized a tobacco growers' protective associa- 
^v^>)1A^ Tavo organizers were appointed A\'ho Avill or- 
i^jikt^ ass<iiciations in every section of the county and 
eniJ««A5(>r-to induce 80 per cent, of the tobacco groAv- 
flfs tOfepte^gfei themselves to abide by the rules and reg- 
nlfttione 'Oft tjje r^ffioers of the association. 



How to Get Rid of Fleas. 

Subscriber, Wythe county, Va., asks how to get rid 
of fleas. As the domestic animals, especially dogs 
and cats, furnish the principal supply to the house, 
it is necessary to keep such animals clean of fleas, 
Avhich can be done by applying oil of pennyroyal 
liberally in their fur. Stand the animal to be treated 
on a large sheet of paper so as to catch the fleas as 
they fall off. Then roll the paper up closely and 
burn immediately. Work rapidly, as the fleas soon 
reviA^e after falling off the animal. 

Freberick Hutohison^j M. D. 

Loudoun Co., Va. 



THE EGG LAYING CONTEST. 

Australian hens are still being beaten on their own. 
ground by the three pens of American fowls which 
]\riller Purvis, of Chicago, caused to be entered in the 
egg laying competition at the Hawkesbury Agricul- 
tural College, near Sydney. Seventy pens of six 
hens each are competing. It is learned that the in- 
vading flocks hold first, third and se\'enth places in 
the competition, Avhioh Avas started last April and Avili 
continue until March. With a record of 270 eggs in 
the first four months, six hens from Nebraska lead 
their nearest Australian competitors by thirty eggs. 
At the end of the present contest, another competition 
Avill be inaugurated with 100 pens entered — ten from 
the United States, ten from England, three from 
Canada, three from NeAv Zealand and the rest from 
Australia. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



713 



THE 



Southern Planter 

PUBLISHED BY 

THE SOUIHERN PLANTER POBLISHING COMPT. 

richmond, va. 

Issued on 1st of each Month. 



J. F. JACKSON, 
Editor and General Manager. 

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD, 
BnsiNMS Manages. 



TERMS FOR ADVERTISING. 
Rate card furnished on application. 

TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION. 

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER Is mailed to 
subscribers in ttie United States and Canada 
at 50c. per annum; all foreign countries and 
the city of Richmond, 75c. 

REMITTANCES should be made direct to 
this office, either by Registered Letter or 
Money Order, which will be at our risk. Whea 
made otherwise we cannot be responsible. 

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of the Post- 
Offlce to which your paper Is sent. Tour 
name cannot be found on our books UDless 
this is done. 

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any 
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to 
receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti- 
cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE 
PLANTER, Descriptions af New Grains, 
Roots, or Vegetables not generally Icnown, 
Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved 
Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel- 
come. Contributions sent us must not be 
furnished other papers until after they have 
appeared in our columns. Rejected matter 
will be returned on receipt of postage. 

SUBSCRIBERS failing to receive their paper 
promptly and regularly, will confer a favor 
by reporting the fact at once. 

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to 
what time your subscription is paid. 

NO ANONYMOUS communications or en- 
quiries will receive attention. 

Address— THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 

RICHMOND, VA. 

DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S 
COLUMN. 

Unsigned Enquiries 690 

Yield of Seed of Common Clover-^ 
Clover Hullers— Ticks on Cattle. 690 

Keeping Sausage 690 

The Use of Mineral Fertilizers... 691 
Money Crop in Fairfax County, Va. 691 
Texas Fever Ticks— Hollow Tail . . 691 
Fertilizer for Irish Potatoes, To- 
bacco, Cotton, Asparagus and 

Corn 692 

Grape Vines Diseased 692 

Ice Supply 692 



SWEET POTATOES. 
I have reasons for believing that at 
least a portion of the orders for my 
sweet potato pamphlet failed to reach 
me. Therefore any person whose or- 
der has not been properly filled, will 
please address me at Carthage, N, C. 
BRYAN TYSON. 



PUBLISHER'S NOTES. 



TOADVERTISER 



All advertisements and matter 
pertaining to advertising must 
reach us by the 25th of each 
month. Please bear this in mind. 



Liberal Subscription Offer. 

To induce non-readers of the 
Southern Planter to become 
subscribers, we beg to announce 
that all new subscriptions received 
between this time and December 
1st will be given the remaining 
numbers of this year free. In 
other words, 50 cents will pay for 
a subscription from now until De- 
cember 31, 1904. 

Our regular subscribers, upon 
whom we have called so many 
times, will confer a favor, which 
will be reciprocated at any time, 
if they will bring this offer to the 
notice of their friends who are not 
subscribers to the Southern 
Planter. 



WHERE HE CROSSED THE 
EQUATOR. 

As one of the very few occasions 
when the wit of Rufus Choate was 
foiled, an incident is recalled when 
that brilliant lawyer was examining 
one Dick Barton, chief mate of the 
ship "Challenge." Choate had cross- 
examined him for over an hour, hurl- 
ing questions with the speed of a 
rapid-fire gun. 

"Was there a moon that night?" 

"Yes, sir." 

"Did you see it?" 

"No, sir." 

"Then how did you know there was 
a moon?" 

"The 'Nautical Almanac' said so, 
and I'll believe that sooner than any 
lawyer in the world." 

"Be civil, sir. And now tell me in 
what latitude and longitude you 
crossed the equator?" 

"Ah, you are joking." 

"No, sir, I'm in earnest and I desire 
an answer." 

"Indeed. You a chief mate and un- 
able to answer so simple a question!" 

"Yes, the simplest question I ever 
was asked. I thought ever a fool of 
a lawyer knew there's no latitude at 
the equator." — Success. 



WOOD'S SEEDS. 

November is tHe best 
time to plant 

Hyacinths, Tulips, 
Lilies, Crocus 

and other Spring Flow- 
ering Bulbs. 

We carry full and com- 
plete stocks of all the best 
varieties. Our Fall Cata- 
logue gives descriptions, 
prices and tells how to plant. 

Catalogue mailed FREE. 
Write for it. 

T. W. WOODS & SONS, 

SEEDSMEN, Richmond, Va. 




**How to Grow Paper-Shell Pecans/* 

FREE. Best varieties in U S. True to 
variety. Cions cut from bearing trees by 
member of firm. Full descriptive Cata- 
logue of ALL FRUIT trees, free. 

B. W. STONE & CO., Thomasville, Ga. 

Virginia Polytechnic Institute 

STATE AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEOB 
at Blacksburg, Va., 

A SOUTHERN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. 

Porty-flve Instructors. Thoroughly equip- 
ped shops, laboratories and InCrmary. Fara 
of four hundred acres. Steam heating aai 
electric lights in dormitories. Degree couraea 
In Agriculture, Horticulture, Civil, Mecbaal- 
cal and Electrical Engineering, Applied 
Chemistry and General Science. Shorter 
courses in Practical Agriculture and Practi- 
cal Mechanics. Total cost of session of alne 
months, Including tuition and other feea, 
board, washing, text-books, medical attead- 
anoe, etc., about J195. Cost to State studeaU 
about ^65. SesBion began September I , li>at. 
For catalogue and other information, apply 
to 

J. M. McBRYDE. Ph. D., LL. D., President. 



Alfalfa Bacteria 
Infected Soil 

Can be obtained from Ewell Farm Ex 
perimental Plot A perfect stand three 
years of age, abundantly supplied with 
root nodules. Price $1.00 per 2 bus. 
burlap bag, weight about 150 lbs., f, o. b. 
Ewell's Station, Tenn. 
GEO. CAMPBELL BROWN, 

Spring Hill Tenn. 



714 



THE SOTJTHEEN PLANTER. 



[November 



There is more catarrh in this section 
of the country than all other diseases 
put together, and until the last few 
years was supposed to be incurable, 
For a great many years doctors pro- 
nounced it a local disease, and pre- 
scribed local remedies, and by con 
stantly failing to cure with local treat- 
ment, pronounced it incurable. Sol 
ence has proven catarrh to be a consti- 
tutional disease, and therefore requires 
constitutional treatment. Hall's Ca- 
tarrh Cure, manufactured by P. J. Che- 
ney & Co., Toledo, Ohio, is the only 
constitutional cure on the market. It 
is taken internally in doses from 10 
drops to a teaspoonful. It acts direct- 
ly on the blood and mucous surfaces 
of the system. They offer one hundred 
dollars for any case it fails to cure. 
Send for circulars and testimonials. 

Address, F. J. CHENEY & CO., 

Sold by Druggists, 75c. Toledo, 0. 

Hall's Family Pills are the best. 



WITH THE ADVERTISERS. 

The Blackman Stock Remedy Co. 
advertise their well-known goods In 
another column. Look up the ad. and 
send for descriptive circulars. 

T. O. Sandy is advertising Holstein 
bulls and heifers elsewhere in this 
issue. He has a particularly choice 
lot of heifers which are now ready to 
go. 

The Imperial Fruit and Stock Farm 
has a choice offering of poultry in this 
number. Look up the half page ad. 
and get some of these bargains. 

The Weber, Jr., Gasoline Engine Is 
advertised regularly in our columns 
by its makers. 

Look up the ad. of Glen Rock Woolen 
Mills. It will interest you. 

Macbeth is advertising his well- 
known lamp chimneys on another 
page. 

"Hogology" is the title of a book 
that Dr. Haas would like to send to 
all of our readers. Refer to his ad. 

The Breeder's Gazette has a full 
page ad. in this issue. This is the best 
live stock paper published, and we can 
furnish it along with the Southern 
Planter for $2.00. 

The Annandale Dairy Farm desires 
to purchase some nice dairy cattle. 

Dr. H. H. Lee is advertising his 
Silver Laced Wyandottes. 

Andersch Bros, will buy all of your 
furs, skins and pelts. Look up the ad. 

Fleming Bros., chemists, of Chicago, 
have renewed their ad. for another 
year, and their well-known remedies 
should be kept on hand by all farmers. 

The Cahoon Seed Sower is adver- 
tised by the Goodell Co. 

The Woolson Spice Co., makers of 
Lyon CofCee, have a card in this issue. 

The 0. S. Kelly Co. resume advertis- 
ing in this issue. The Kelly Duplex 
Feed Mill Is their offering. 

The Chattanooga Nurseries are a 
new advertiser in this number. This 
firm comes to us well recommended, 
and our readers should look Into their 
stock before purchasing elsewhere. 




Profecf fhe Farm and Teach us fo Love 

and live in the great "out-of-doors." We make firearms for 
every purpose suitable for boy or man, from $2.50 to I150.00. 



We recommend Especially 
Our Rifles 

"Stevens-Maynard, Jr." $3 

"Crack Shot" $4 

"Favorite," No. 17 $6 

If your dealer won't supply you 
—send to us. We will sell to 
you by mail, express paid. 



Send for Our Free Book 

of 128 pagres, which tells about the 
"Stevens"— gives pictures and prices. 
Contains interesting articles on Hunt- 
ing, Canoeing, Tar.get Shooting, etc, 

PIJ77I C a clever Rifle Puzzle will 

*'**^^ be mailed postpaid for 4C 
in stamps. It is lots of fun— "easy 
when you know how" — but ev- 
eryone can't solve it. Can you ? 



J/Steveris Arms & TobrCoi^MI Main Street 

CHICOPEE ITVLLS , MASS. 



9 GORDS IH f HOURS BT 0H£ RJIH 




With our Folding Sawlns Machine. Saws any kind of timber. Instantlyadjugtedtocutlo^squaieoniough 
or level ground. Operator always stands straight. One man can saw more "with it than two men can in any other way, 
and do it easier. Saw blades b'/^, C, OJJ or 7 ft. long. Champion, Diamond or Lance Teeth, to suit your timber. 
GUARANTEE. — If any P^rt brealcs within tSiree years, we will send a new part without charge. Send for Free 
Cataloi; showing latest Improvements, giving testimonials from thousands. First order secures agency. 

FOLDING SAWING MACHINE CO., S5-67-69 N. Jefferson St., Chicago, Illinois* 

MAJESTIC t^ SHELLER. 

This labor-saving machine meets the imperative demands of 

e farmers, feed stores, millsand elevator men. Itisfurnished 

either mounted or unmounted with wagon box elevator 

or double sacking elevator as illustrated. Its capacity is 

75 to 1 00 Bushels An Hour. 

The mounted sheller is peculiarly adapted to carrying on 
a profltable neighborhood business in custom shelling. It willnot 
choke, is perfect working in sacking and feeding attachments. 
Built for long, efiScient service and fully guaranteed. We make 20 
Styles of shellers, both hand and power. Ask for free catalogue. 

KEYSTONE FARM MACHINE CO., IS54 W. Benar SI., York, Pa. 




1903. J 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



715 




You Try It. 

It costs nothing. Re- 
turn at our expense if 
this mill fails to grind 
shelled corn, ear corn, 
all grains or mixed 
feed stuffs, easier, fast- 
er and better than any 
oth*r. 

New Holland Mills 

are the practical, every day mills for every 
day wants. No other good mill at so low a 
price. Hade In 3 sizes. Adapted to any kind 
of power. Don't tail to get our free catalogue 
before buying. 

NEW HOLLAND MACHINE OO.i 
Box 163, Naw Holland, Pa. 




ASheller 
That Shells 

clean and lasts long. 
It's one of many pat 
terns (you probably 
recogn ize it) of famous 

FREEMAN 

Corn Shellers. 

Our little book shows and describes 
them all. Write for it. Windmills, Feed 
Cutters, Wood Saws, etc., shipped 
straight from factory. Ask for catalog 110 

S. Freeman & Sons Mfg. Co., 

Raclns, Wisconsin. 




All Grindini; 

Ear corn, with or without 
husks, and all grains grouiu! 
fine or coarse aj 
wanted with the 

KELLY 

DUPLEX 

Grinding Mills. 

'Theyneverchoke. Double cob 

breakers an.l double setburrs e ve gr,<=«f' .^P'^^; J^^^^'J'" 
Ue power, any k^,„l. Strong anJ durable. 4 sizes. Catalog free. 

THE G. S. KELLY CO., Springfield, Ohio. 

'RY THIS MILL 

15 davs to prove that it grinds meal or feed, 
ear com and small grains, faster and better ] 
I thanany other. If it doesn't, return at our expense. 

Monarch Mills 

either attrition or the imported 

French burr,approach perfection 

In make and service. Lead 

all others in popular! t v. 

Sleet every farm need. 

Buy none until you pet i 

the Monarch catalogue. 

Sprout VValdron& Co. 

Bos 202, Muncy, Pa. 





HEEBNER'S FEED CUTTERS. 

Feed all your fodder. By using Heebner's cutters tnth 
shredder attachment the whole of the nutritious stock is cut, 
crushed «nd shredded, and rendered edible. No waste. 

AnIiBAll.itltgrw^llyMdthTiTe. 8hr«ddeT .ttfcchlnentcoets 16.00. Th« 
Mod.l ensll»ce oaiteT. Al'o m»ke T»«»d Powers, Lerer Powers, Llttl. 
ebnt uid F.nu. ThrMluri. Wood tf.wj, P«d Mllll, oto. Csblog fr.«. 

HEEBITER & BOMS, 85 Broad St.. I.aii»dale, Pa. 



The Snoddy Remedy Co. has a card 
in another column offering its Hog 
Cholera Cure. Our readers should in- 
vestigate this offer. 

Mr. G. Norris Watson is a new ad- 
vertiser in this issue. He has some 
nice stock at reasonable prices and 
guarantees satisfaction. 

The Hawkeye Incubator advertising 
starts up with this number. This com- 
pany makes a good machine and would 
like to send its catalogue to any poul- 
tryman interested. 

The Glen Allen Stock Farm is offer- 
ing some choice Angus cattle. Look 
up the ad. and write to Mr. W. P. Al- 
len, the proprietor, for prices and 
breeding. 

Another new advertiser in this issue 
is D. B. Hendricks & Co., who have a 
very meritorious hay press with which 
they would like to acquaint our read- 
ers. 

The Reliable Incubator and Booder 
Co. starts the season's advertising with 
this issue. By the way, this firm is 
offering a portion of its capital sto^l-- 
to the public. They will be very 
pleased to send you a prospectus, if 
you will only write for it. 

Hollybrook Farm is offering some 
nice Berkshire pigs. 

The Jeremy Improvement Co. has 
some nice Angora goats for sale. 

The old reliable Frazer Axle Grease 
is being used in greater quantities 
than ever. It will be found adver- 
tised regularly in our columns in the 
future as in the past. 

R. W. Haw, Jr,^ is offering some 
choice young Brown Leghorns. 

Pit Games are offered by T. W. Jar- 
man, Yancey Mills, Va. 

Send for catalogue, descriptive of 32 
choice varieties of poultry, to John E. 
Heatwole, Harrisonburg, Va. 

The Annefield herd of Berkshires 
represent the finest blood lines in Eng- 
land or America. Mr. Butler, the pro- 
prietor, invites inspection of his stock 
at all times. 

Armour's Blood Meal is recommend- 
ed for scours in calves. Look up the 
ad. in another column and write to the 
nearestt office for particulars. 

The DeLoach saw mills are being 
advertised as usual in this issue. This 
firms claims to be the largest saw mill 
manufacturing plant in the world. 

Home-made and well-made buggies 
and wagons are offered by the Rii-h- 
mond Buggy & Wagon Co. in another 
column. 

Mr. Ashton Starke, the well-known 
Implement dealer, has an interesting 
advertisement on another page. 

J. S. Moore's Sons have a page ad- 
vertisement elsewhere in this number 
that will interest all housekeepers, we 
feel sure. 



"Have you noticed any signs of im- 
provement to-day?" asked the doctor, 
"Oh, yes," replied the nurse. "He 
swears now when I give him his med- 
icine." — Medical Journal. 



Wise Man's 
Wagon. 

The man who has had experfencs 
in running a wagon knows that it 
is the wheels that determine tba 
life of the wagon itself. Our 

ELECTRIC WHEELS 

have given a new lease of life to thousands of old 
wagons. They can be had in any desired height.and 
any width of tire up to 8 Inches. With a set of these 
wheels you can in a tew minutes have either a high 
or- a low down wapon. The Electric Handy 
Waeon is made by skilled workmen, of best select- 
ed material — white hickory axles, steel wheels, steel 
hounds, etc. Guaranteed to carry 1000 lbs. Here is 
tiie wajrou that will save money for you, as it 
lasts almost foi-ever. Ourcatalog desci-ibing the uses 
of these wheels and wagons sent free Write for it. 
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO.. BOX 146 QUINCV, ILLINOIS. 





WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT 

and send 1 UaggyWhi^lii, 8le«l Tire on, ■ $7.Sft 
With Rubber Tires, |1S.U0. I mtg. wheels Ji to t iD 
tread. Top Bnjgie», J28.75; Harness, $3.60. Write foi 
eatslOKne. Learn how to bay vehloles and parts direct 
Wagon Umbrella FBEB. W. Y. BOOB, Cincinnati, • 



THE IMPROVED 



Write for Prices. 




Chamberlin Mfg. Co., Olean, N. Y., U. S. A. 
HERCULES STUMP PULLER 




Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day. 
Clears all stumps In a circle of 160 ft, without 
moving or changing machine, Strongest, most 
rapid working and best made. 
Hercules Mfg. Co., 413 17th St., Centreville, Iowa. 



*,IS'B;a'n" 3 MINUTES. 

That's the -way your feed will be 
ground wheb. you uee tiie 

KEYSTONE 

Triple Gear 
GRINDING MILL. 

Built as strong as an anvil. Btirrs 
are of hard white iron. Boxes 
and guy irons furnished with 
mill. Capacity of mill from SO to 
.„ bushels per hour. We are making a special la- 
troductory price now. Write for the catalogue »Jid 
prices on the full line. Com shellers, planters, cul- 
tivators, feed cutters, etc. 

Keystone Farm Machine Co-f 

1 S84 Beaver St., York» Pa. 




716 



THE SOTTTHEEN PLANTER. 



[November 



Pressing Hard Easy 

sounds queer, doesn't it? But it isn't diffi- 
cult to understand it you are usine a 




RED RIPPER !!?lss 

It bales tight bundles, luge or small, and does it with the 
least amount of strain on the horse. The Red Ripper has 
been twice entered in competition with other presses, both 
times at the Georgia state fair, where it was awarded first 
premium. Dealers who handle the Red Ripper say that 
it just drives other hay presses out of the market. The low- 
est priced press on the market, and costs less than others 
to operate. Progressive, economical farmers will want to 
know more and can by sending for our new Catalog No. 433. 
Distributing points, Baltimore, Memphis, Cincinnati. 

Address. SIKES MFC. CO., Helena, Georgia. 



Head rick's Baling Presses 

are classed with 
the best. If you are 
looking for a good 
press, either up- 
right or perpetual 
at a reasonable 
price, write u» for 
particulars. 

D. B. HENDRICKS & CO., Kingston, N. Y. 




"ELI" HAY BALERS. 



38 styles and sizes, 




The world's standard, 

Work fastest, bales are tightest and shapeliest. Load 

Oftra to best ftdrantftge. BaUn that endure, insure sefet? and facilitate 
work. Steel and -nood frames, horse and steam powerfl. £U catalog free. 

Collins Plow Co., 11 86 Hampshire St., Quincy, III. 



Ml C M DRILLING 



MACHINES 



The most Buccessftil money-making ma- 
chines ever made. Also machines for borlag 
wellB with augers by horse power. Write 
as if you mean business. 
Loomis M a chine Co., Tiffin, Ohio. 



The WEBER 14 M. P. t^^ 


ga^j^ 


Gasoline Enginestj *vmf^AJ 


Hnk^Hiir^ 


for iTinninK -^M WrwfFrm 


^ a^^^.^BSr^ 


»rinrt«ra. ahreo- brff/fggfft// OtlAf 


"■' JBb nK "^ 


/l.r. <Mini>rg. tI JMnp^jlM) M^Jb 


|!Wt^u«W| bB U 


thrARhflm. etc. ^HSflBBIBW BI^Pb 


S^^Lim's 




Elves all sizea. QlMlim|jaSa\ wng 


ilflfliiiiy ^tf^By <B 


rail Hi ^wJ ^ 


Gasoline Knrin* *|HmfflBSllh^^iP 




'»>, *<"■' •'- ■''^WjilMlllllfnm' 




Kansas Uity, no. ^JOHaBBMini 


^s=^^ »' 



;^RmNER^ 



J STANCHIOM; 

^ U.^^ COMFORTABLE. 

flEG.BY WB-CRUMB; F(7restville;l!oKrl[. 



GET ALL THE CREAM, 

—BY USING— 

The SUPEIUOR CREAM SEPAIiATOIt 

Does not mix water with the milk. 
It Is the best Separator made. A 
trial convinces, and every Separator 
Is guaranteed. Write today for Cat- 
alogue to the SUPERIOR FENCE MA- 
CHINE CO., 29i Grande River Ave., De- 
troit, MIcblfan. 




MAGAZINES. 

The November numoer ot The Cen- 
tury, which opens Volume LXVII., cel- 
ebrates that event by a new cover in 
color, and by a variety of colored in- 
sets, which include among the sub- 
jects Tropical Sunsets, Wild Animals, 
and Italian Gardens. 

Edmund Clarence Stedman contrib- 
utes the opening article on the New 
York Stock Exchange, entitled "^TJfe 
'On the Floor.' " As a veteran and re- 
tired broker, Mr. Stedman brings to 
this subject a personal knowledge, 
which is admirably supplemented by 
his trained literary style. The article 
makes a unique appeal to the interest 
of the lay reader, as well as to that of 
all men engaged in business with the 
exchanges. The paper is illustrated in 
a lively way by Blumenschein and 
Bacher. 

Of the color ^ork four pictures are 
by Maxfleld Parrish, accompanying the 
first article of Edith Wharton's series 
on "Italian Villas and their Gardens," 
a project upon which the author and 
the artist were engaged last winter in 
Italy. Mrs. Wharton's special topic 
is Florentine Villas, and there is an 
introduction by her setting forth In 
general the desirable features of Ital- 
ian Gardens. 

A leading feature of the number is 
the opening paper of the new literary 
"find," Thackeray's letters recording 
his friendship with an American fam- 
ily, the Baxters of New York, to which 
Miss Lucy W. Baxter contributes an 
introduction, and which are accom- 
panied by a number of drawings and 
interesting autographs of Thackeray. 
A piece of hitherto unrecorded adven- 
ture is entitled "Fighting the Hud- 
son," in which H. Addington Bruce re- 
lates a perilous emergency in the 
course of the construction of the Hud- 
son River tunnel, now nearly finished. 

At the head of the fiction of the num' 
her is the first of a new novel entitled 
"Four Roads to Paradise," by Maud 
Wilder Goodwin, author of "Head of a 
Hundred," etc., a story of New York 
society people, the scene partly laid in 
Florence. In the short stories the ele- 
ment of humor predominates. "The 
Missing Exequatur," by Benjamin H. 
Ridgely, a laughable story of consular 
life; "The Marrying of Susan Clegg," 
by Anne Warner, a writer new to The 
Century; "The Reggie Livingstones' 
Country Life," a story of hunting so- 
ciety, by David Gray; "The Little 
Canoe," a humorous sketch of Porto 
Rico, by H. W. Phillips. Two stories 
of a more sentimental cast are "The 
Shadow of Love," by George Hibbard, 
and "The Summer of St. Martin," a 
phantasy of very delicate charm by 
Dr. Weir Mitchell. The editorial ar- 
ticles are "All Eyes on New York!" 
relating to the municipal election, and 
"Some Effects of Modern Publicity," 
and there is a variety of light mate- 
rial. 



Readers of the November St. Nich- 
olas will turn first to and linger long- 



AAA..A^A^A 



wmmmmmm 

A * * A * * * I 



UNION LOCK POULTRY FENCING 

EA8 BEEN Ftn.L7 

TESTED AND FOURD 

SUFERIOS TO ALL 

OTBEBS. 

Will fit uneven 
ground without 
cutting. Every part 
can be stretched 
perfectly. Made of 
high grade galvanized steel wire. All horizontal 
lines are cables, making it stronger. Has fine mesh 
at the bottom for small chicks. We also make 
extra heavy for gardens, lawns, etc. The largest 
poultry farms are using this fence — over 700 rods 
by Lakewood (N. J.) Farm Co. We pay freight 
and satisfy every one or no sale. Can ship from 
N. Y., Chicago, or San Francisco. Write for 
f reelcatalog of Farm, Lawn and Poultry Fencing. 

< CASE BROS., Box 340, Colcliester, Conn. 




fienniqeSpiial Spring Wlie 

FENCES m 6BTES 

If your dealer does not have our 
goods in stock you can buy direct 
at Manufacturers' Price. Write 
for Catalogue and secure agency. 

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO. 
Columbus, Ohio. 




im 


^m 


'= T 



IF YOU WAi^T 

a bettor, more practical, lonser lastlnf?, heavier 

iralvanized wire fence, YOU WANT PAGE. 

VMit^ WOVKN HIKE lENCE CO., Adrian, Mich. 






LAWN FENCE 

I Many designs. Cheap as 
wooQ, 33 pag-e Catalogue 
free. Special Prices to Ceme- 
teries and Churches. Address 
COILED SPRING FENCB «0. 

I Box Q Winchester, Ind* 



SENT ON TRIAL 

A Fence Machine that will make over 100 
Styles of Fence and from 50 to 70 rods a day 

AT ACTUAL COST OF WIRE 

Horse-higb, Bnll-etrong. Pig and Cliieken- tight. 
Wire at Wholesale Prices. Catalogue Free. 

Kitselman Bros. Box 1^5 Huncie, Ind. 





FENCE! 



anioieGESf 

MADE. Bull 
strong. Chleken 
tight. Sold to the Farmer at >Tk«lMwlc 
Frleec. VbUj Wamnt«d. Catalog naa 

CanXB SPRIHG FIIVCB co^ 
Box 8)1 Wlnchrater. Indiiaa. U. B. A 



STOP THAT RATTLING, TIGHTEN YOUR 
OWN BUGGY TIRES. No heating; does not 
mar the paint; any one can operate. Machine 
complete with 100 washers sent on receipt of 
J2.no. Guaranteed to do the work. Your 
money back tf not as represented. RAPID 
TIRE TIGHTENER CO., Station F., Toledo, 
Ohio. 



Now Plant 
Seed. 

Ton want the book 
that tells how, when and 
what to sow. 

SEED SOWER'S 
MANUAL 

sent out because wo put 
In it a description of the 
old reliable Cahoon 
BroadcasI Seeder. The 
book Is tree. Better 
write fortt now. 

GOODELL CO., 

63 Mala St.. Antrim. N.H. 




1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



717 



ELMWOOD NURSERIES. 

ASPARAGUS 

100,000 2-yr. old Asparagus roots, 
5 varieties. A special rate of $3.50 
per lOiiO for 2 mos. for BAKK'S, 
PALMETTO, CONOVER. 

APPLES 

A large general assortment, in- 
cluding WINESAPS and YORK 
IMPERIALS. 

Splendid Assortment 

of Ornamental, Shade 

and Fruit Trees. 

from B. P. Rocks, Light 
Brahmas, Brown Leg- 
horns at ILOO per 13. 

WRITE FOR OUR CATALOGUE. 

EMPORIA NURSERIES 

Offer a line of Nursery Stock, mostly 
APPLE TREES, 4 to 5 feet, and 
PEACH TREES, 3 to 4 feet, at reduceo 
prices to clear land. All Stock healthy 
and free from Crown Gall, Aphis, San 
Jose Scale, or any other disease, and 
WILL BE FUMIGATED BEFORE 
shipped. 

Send for reduced price list. Good 
No. 1 Agents for 1904 wanted. 
C. S. LINDLEY, Prop., Emporia, Va. 

Also agents for Universal and Gard- 
ner's Dust Sprayers; far ahead of any 
other and cost of power is very small. 
Send for price and description. 

TREES! TREES!! 

I ofier a fine lot of whole root trees. 

Apples, Pears, Peache*, 
Cherries, Plums, Grape 
Vines, Raspberries, Etc. 

Save agent's commission by send- 
ing your orders to the nursery. 
CATALOGUE FREE. 
All Stock Inspected and Fumigated. 

WERTZ'S NURSERY, Salem. Ya. 
Strawberry Plants, 

All grown in fresh rich ground, healthy, 
well-rooted plants that will please you; 
over 30 kinds to offer Raspberry plants 
and Peach trees also; see us before you 
buy. Our stock has been thoroughly in- 
spected and found free from any disease. 
Address JOHN LIGHTFOOT, 

Sherman Heights, Tenn. 



est over the opening chapters of B. L. 
Farjeon's "A Comedy In Wax." "A 
Comedy In Wax" is the story of little 
Lucy, her sister Lydia, Lydia's lovers, 
and Mme. Tiissand and her waxworks 
— the famous waxworks exhibition In 
Marylebone Road which for nearly a 
century has been one of the most pop- 
ular shows in London. There are 
illustrations by Fanny Y. Cory In her 
usual happy vein; and the story prom- 
ises to increase in interest as the 
months come around. There are good 
short stories too in the November 
issue for both girls and boys. "Ted's 
Contract" tells of a manly little lad's 
adventures in his loyal devotion to his 
father's interests; and Albert Bige- 
low Paine's "Two Little New York 
Maids" are well worth knowing. "The 
Poison Bubble" is a real, good, old- 
fashioned magic story; "Richard, My 
King," by Livingston B. Morse, is a 
new setting of the beautiful story of 
Blondel's love for his king; and Char- 
lotta Sedgwick's "The Late Unpleas- 
antness" is a capital tale of real boys 
and girls. 0, the November St. Nich- 
olas is rich in fiction! 

The best part of the more solid por- 
tion of the feast is a discussion by 
James M. Dodge, president of the 
American Society of Mechanical En- 
gineers, on "The Money Value of 
Training." Mr. Dodge gives sugges- 
tions and statistics of great value, and 
urges every lad, whatever his life-work 
is to be, to invest In himself, by in- 
creasing his own potential energy. 
Then George Ethelbert Walsh tells 
about "Some Queer Mail Carriers and 
Their Ways"; and Dallas Lore Sharp 
writes of "Bird Friendships." 



"A House Divided" is the taking 
title of the novel in Lippincott's Mag- 
azine for November. Its author's 
name, Ella Middletou Tybout, is a 
familiar one to readers of Lippincott's 
Masrazine. though heretofore her pro- 
ductions have been in the line of short 
stories. Her "Parables in Black" 
lately running through Lippincott's 
are particularly striking and indicate 
that which is richlv fulfilled in this 
latest work. The little State of Dela- 
ware has been chosen by Miss Tvbout 
for the placing of "A House Divided" 
and her portrayal of a farmer who, be- 
cause he believes his wife to be untrue 
to him, has not spoken to her for six- 
teen years, Is a remarkably clever bit 
of characterization. Lippincott's novels 
are always worth while — and the No- 
vember number sustains this opinion. 

"The Girl with the Banjo" Is by a 
writer whose pen-name. Jean D. Hallo- 
well, keeps one guessing who is the 
real author of so racy a tale. The sex 
Is confessed by such expressions as "a 
saucy little lace petticoat," and the 
whole thing shows the piquancy of a 
woman rather than the touch of a 
"mere man." 

"The Man In the Tower," by Fran- 
cis Howard Williams, Is a forceful 
story of a railroad signal tower, where. 



Peach and Apple Trees, 

IBONAVISTA NURSERIES, Greenwood, Va. 

We offer a fine lot ef choice trees for 
Fall and Spring planting 

Our apple trees are the best — Wine Sap, 
Mammoth Black Twig, York Imperial 
and Albemarle Pippin, all perfect and 
well grown trees. 

Our peach trees are the standard sorts, 
Stump, Elberta, Bilyeu's (Comet, ) Won- 
derful, Champion, Globe, Picquet'sLate, 
Albright's Winter, Crawford E. &L., etc. 

We send out none but good trees and 
have never had a complaint made by any 
purchaser of our stock. Order soon, es- 
pecially Peachfs, as good trees will be 
very scarce this season. 

CHAS. F HACKETT, Manager. 



lOOO Per Cent. 
- Profit in.. 
WealtK and HealtK 

- ^ iln'fresh luscious, home grown I 

"strXwdiirries ' 

allowed to ripen thoroughly on the vines. 
We sell the plants paclted to carry fresh 
anywhere in the United States. Our 120 
page manual ( free to buyers) makes grow- 
ing for pleasure or profit plain to all. 
Plant now. Also save half on, 

FRUIT TRi:i:S 0| 

by buying direct from us, saving agents' 
profits. Write for free Catalogue, men- 
tioning this paper. 

CONTINENTAL PLANT CO. 

KITTRELL, N. O. 



js^ ROOFING TIN ^ 

Iron and paper roofing, nails, builder's hard- 
ware, sash, doors, etc., carriage and wagon 
goods, paints and oils, cook and heating stoves, 
guns, pistols, rifles, "Robin Hood" loaded shells. 
Do you use any of the above? Write us. 

HARRIS HARDWARE CO., ^^»^^: 



fT YOUR IDEAS 

0.000 offered for one in- 
vention; $8300 for another. 
Book "How to Obtain a Pateat" 
iand "Whattolnvenf'sentfree. Send 
Proug-h sketch for free report as to 
patentability. We advertise yonr 
patent for sale at our expense. 
CHANDLEE & CHAIVDLEE. Patent Attoraevs 
976 F Street, Washington, D.C. 




KONK 



Skins, HORSE UinCQ 
and CATTLE nlUCd 

and all other kindi of Baw Pan 
_boupht for spot rash, lOtoSC^^ more money 
to -^ou to ship to us than to sell at home. 
Write for price list and market report. 
HUNTERS* and TRAPPERS* 
GUIDE $5'Vio. book. 3nnpps cloth hound 
IHiistrnting nil fitranlmalA. All About 
•I'i"-^. trappers secret**. kind of traps, 
decoys, Ac Special prire ^I, to Hide and Fur Shippert, 

ANDERSCH BROS., Oept. & T^MiaoeapolIs. Hiao. 



HOW TO FEED AND BREED H06S 

is of importance to swine growers. A 

practical, clean, common-sense swine 

paper for farmers can be had from noi» 

I to January, 1905. by sending 10 CenU 

In Silver at once to 

BLOODED 8TOCK4> 
Oxford, Pa. 




718 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[November 



The dealer who 
sells lamp-chim- 
neys to last, is 
either a shrewd 
or an honest man. 
Macbeth. 



How to take care of lamps, including the 
getting of right-shape chimneys, is in my 

Index ; sent free. 

Macbeth, Pittsburgh. 



11 



FRAZER 

Axle Grease thf^V^d. 

Its wearing qualities are unsurpassed, ac- 
tually outlasting 3 bxs. any other brand, 
Not affected by heat. jm^Get the Genuine. 
FOB SALE BY ALL BEALEKS. 

ifti 



SAN JOSE SCALE "-'«'-- 

Unil JUUL Ww«l-i- trolled by using 

GOOD'S CAUSTIC POTASH 

■WHALE OIL SOAP. No. 3. 

^ It^also prevents Curl Leaf. Endorsed by en- 
tomologists. This soap is a fertilizer as well as 
Insecticide 60 lb. liegs, 82.50; 100 lb. kega. $4 50. 
Half barrels, 270 lbs., at 35^0. per lb.; barrels, 
426 lbs., at 3)4c. Large quantities, special rates. 
Send for circular. 

--::_ JAMES GOOD. 

939— 41 N. Front St., Philadelphia, pa. 



AGRICULTURAL 
AND BUILDERS' 

Send for Circulars and Price=List 

FELLSWORTH LIME WORKS, 

REEVES CATT, Agent, 

Bodley, Augusta County, Virginia. 

^POSITION WANTED > 

By an experienced farmer as manager 
on large farm. Can take charge at once. 
Best references given. Address "FAR- 
MER." R. F. D. No. 5, Richmond, Va. 





JKt-ausefs* Liquid 
Extract of Smoite 
Smokes meat perfectly in a 
few hours. Made from liK'kory wood. 
Delirious liavor. Cleaner. cheaper. No 
smokehouse needed, .send forciriular. 
C KKACISKB ^ JiKO., .Ulltoii, I'a. 



in a supreme moment of danger, a man 
liecomes almost divine. 

A humorous story of a double elope- 
ment by Ralph Henry Barbour, called 
"At the Crown and Sceptre," is in the 
same delightful vein which has 
brought the author to the top wave of 
popularity. 

"The Brothers Implacable," by Elea- 
nor L. Stuart, is a stirring episode of 
a secret society pitted against a moth- 
er's love for her son. 

Clinton Dangerfleld's little tale called 
"Hiram Mathews's Monument" tells 
ahout a village eccentric whose desire 
to be remembered by his fellow-citi- 
zens leads him to do that which places 
him among the local immortals. 



THE YOUTH'S COMPANION IN 1904. 

As the years increase The Youth's 
Companion endeavors to keep pace 
V ith them in all that is wise, beautiful 
and progressive, and not only to retain 
hvt to deserve the honorable and ex- 
ceptionally high place it holds in the 
confidence and affection of three gen- 
erations of readers. The greatest 
living authors in all branches of litera' 
ture continue to contribute to it. 

Among the important series of arti- 
cles will be one on the occupation of 
the farmer in many parts of the world 
— in England, in Ireland, in India, in 
Argentina, etc. 

The annual announcement number 
of The-Companion, describing the prin- 
cipa features of The Companion's new 
volume, will be sent to any address, 
free. 

The new subscriber for 1904 will re- 
ceive all the issues of The Companion 
for the remaining weeks of 1903 free 
from the time of subscription; also 
The Companion Calendar for 1904, 
lithographed in twelve colors and gold. 

THE YOUTH'S COMPANION, 
144 Berkeley St. Boston, Mass. 



THE TEMPLE PUMP CO. 
We are in receipt of an interesting 
catalogue from the Temple Pump Co., 
Chicago, who have an advertisement 
in another column. This catalogue 
treats particularly of their "Master 
Workman Engine." As this firm has 
been in business noW^ fifty years, it is 
to be presumed that they know how to 
make an engine. This engine can be 
used either as portable engine or a 
stationary one, and is invaluable to 
every farmer. Among a few of its 
uses are sawing wood, pumping water, 
threshing, grinding, irrigating, and 
running the cream separator. This 
company would like to mail this cata- 
logue to every farmer who will send 
his address. 



HESSLER MAIL BOX. 
A cheap, strong and durable mail 
box for free delivery routes is adver- 
tised by The H. B. Hessler Co., of 
Syracuse, N. Y. Look up the ad. and 
get some of your neighbors to Join you, 
thereby securing very low rates. 




FREE^ 



IN ALL LEGAL MATTERS. 

Especially on Marriage and Di- 
vorce, Partnership, Mortgages, 
Bills-Sale, Deeds, Bonds, Notes 
Stocks, Mining, Mining Com- 
panies. Mining Investments, 
Contracts, Agreements, Collec- 
tions, Damagp^. Claims, Inter- 
est. Homestead, Wills, Estates, 
Etc., Etc. Correspondence 
strictly confidential. Address 

LEGAL BUREAU, Dept. U. 

1122 Market Street, San Francisco, Cal. 



The Southern Planter^ 

If troubled with any form of ner- 
vousness or Dyspepsia, Palpitation of 
the Heart or Sleeplessness, Rush of 
Blood to the head or General Debility 

Can Be Cured By 

DR. DUGNAL'S 

FAMOUS NERVE PILLS. 

40 DOSES BY MAIL, POSTPAID, 50c. 
DUGNAL REMEDY CO., 

P. O. Drawer No. 52. Dept. J. 

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT. 



DO YOU OWN STOCK? 

If so, do you know how to 
care for it when sick? Our 
Stock Book tells you all about 
animals and their diseases. 
Write for terms. Agents want- 
ed everywhere. Most liberal 
terms. Outfit free. 

B. M. ANDERSON & CO., 
Box 533. - Richmond, Va. 



GREENSBORO, N.C. 

tor the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE «nd 
ither Drug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaustion 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



719 



UriMC^ AND THE PLACE TO 
nUIVItO FIND THEM. . . 

No place in the United States can a 
man do so well atfarming, for th e money 
invested, as in Virginia. Lands are 
cheap; climate good, and the best of 
markets close at hand. It is the State 
of all others, for a comfortable all the 
year round home. The James River 
Valley Colonization and Improvement 
Company offer superior advantages to 
land purchasers. For free 36 page land 
pamphlet, address 

W, A. PARSONS, Vinita, Va. 

C &0 Main St. Depot. Richmond, Va. 

To HOMESEEKERS. 

" THE BUSINESS OF FARMING 
IN VIRGINIA." 

Is the title of a new pamphlet issued by tha 
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We 
win gladly mall you a copy. 
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERBR, Agt., 
O. P. A., Lands and Immigration, 
Roanoke. Va. 

I HAVE A LARGE LIST OF 

FRUIT, POULTRY and TRUCK FARMS 

Ten, Fifty and One Hundred Acres each, -with 

good buildings, close to steam and trolley 

lines, easy access to the city. Also, 

GRAIN AND STOCK FARMS 

Prom 100 to 1,000 acres at low prices— all the 

way from $5 to $50 per acre. Write for 

Catalogue. 

J. R. HOCKADAY, Richmond, Va. 

Box 257. 

IF YOU WISH TO SELL 

on. 13 IJ V 

VIRGINIA LANDS 

Communicate with us. iVrlte for free 
"Virginia Real Estat* Journal," co«- 
talning many splendid bartainx. 
R. B. CMAFFIN & CO., Inc , 

No. 1 N 1 0th St., Richmond. Va 

2 aoOD DAIRY FARflS, 

Vicinity of Washington FOR SALE. 

Electric railway through one and near 
the other. For particulars, address 
L, E. WALT, 745 7th St., S E , 

Washington, D C. 

/ Can Sell Your Farm.... 

If located In one of these Virginia counties: 
Prince George, Chesterfield, King William, 
Gloucester, New Kent, King and Queen, 
Hanover. Send description, stating price. 
JOHN JELINEK. lllii Pine Alley, 
Braddock, Pa. 



riur rinUC in the great fruit grain and 
rillL rAnlllO stock section of VIRGINIA. 

Best Climate and water in the U. S. Near great 
markets, with best educational advantages. 
For further information, address 

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO., 
Sam'l B. Woods. Pres. Charlottesville, Va. 



Go South. 



For full par- 
ticulars write 
A. JEFFERS, 
Norfolk, Va. 



REPORTS. 
U. S. Department of Agriculture, Wash- 
ington, D. C. Animal Industry. 
Bulletin 46. The Milk Supply of 
200 Cities and Towns. 
Bureau of Animal Industry. Bulle- 
tin 48. The Animal Industry of 
Argentina. 
Office of Experiment Stations. Ex- 
periment Station Record, Volume 
XV., No. 2. 
Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulletin 
49. The Culture of the Central 
America Rubber Tree. 
OflBce of Public Road Enquiries. 
Bulletin 26. Proceedings of the 
National Good Roads Convention 
at St. Louis, Mo., April, 1903. 
Bureau of Soils. Bulletin 22. The 
Chemistry of the Soil as Related 
to Crop Production. 
Bureau of Soils. Circular 11. Re- 
clamation of Alkali Land at Fres- 
no, Cal. 
Farmers' Bulletin No. 179. Horse- 
shoeing. 
Farmers' Bulletin No. 180. Game 
Laws for 1903. 
Maryland Experiment Station, College 
Park, Md. Bulletin 89. Experi- 
ments with Potash as a Fertilizer. 
Maryland Agricultural College, College 
Park, Md. College Quarterly, Au- 
gust, 1903. Analyses of Fertil- 
izers. 
Michigan Experiment Station, Agricul- 
tural College, Mich. Special Bul- 
letin 20. Report of the Upper 
Peninsula Sub-Station. 
Minnesota Experiment Station, St. An- 
thony Park, Minn. Bulletin 82. 
Hspmorrhagic Septicaemia. 
Bulletin 83. Apples and Apple 
Growing in Minnesota. 
New York Experiment Station, Geneva, 
N. Y. Bulletin 233. Rennet En- 
zyme as a Factor in Cheese Mak- 
ing. 
Bulletin 234. Cold Cured Cheese. 
Bulletin 235. Two New Apple Rots. 
Bulletin 236. Conditions Affecting 
Chemical Changes in Cheese 
Ripening. 
Bulletin 237. The Role of the Lac- 
tic Acid Bacteria in the Manufac- 
ture and Ripening of Chedden 
Cheese. 
Bulletin 238. The Status of Phos- 
phorus in Certain Food Materials 
and Animal By-Products. 
Columbus Horticultural Society, Co- 
lumbus, Ohio. Journal of the So- 
ciety, September, 1903. 
Wisconsin Experiment Station, Madi- 
son, Wis. Bulletin 103. Soiling 
Crops for Dairy Cows in Wiscon- 
sin. 
Bulletin 104. The Food Require- 
ments of Pigs from Birth to Ma- 
turity. 
Virginia Experiment Station, Blacks- 
burg, Va. Bulletin 136. Orchard 
Studies IX. An Investigation into 
the Character of Cider Apples In 
Europe, and Comparisons with 
American Fruit. 
Bulletin 137. Orchard Studies X. A 
' Consideration of the Commercial 



Better Glotlies 

FOR 

Less Money 

The "Glen Rock" Kind 
Direct from Mill. 

The largest woolen mill In the country sell- 
ing iVIen'iii nnd Boys' C'lothinc direct to 
the wearer— ready made or to measure— at a 
Siivliig of 50 per cent. find over. Made to order 
.^Ieii'8 Suits, which would cost $18.00 to 
S2>.00 at your tailor's, we are able to tell at 
SS7..50 and 810.00 liecause everything from 
the weaving of the cloth from the raw material 
to In ruing out the finished suit is under one roof. 
All cloth used Is made trom fine selected wools. 
Evory garment is handsomely finished, bears 
our label, is guaranteed for one year, and will be 
replaced if It does not wear satiBfactorily. Suits 
at above prices have 

Hand-shfunk Collars, 
Hand-made Button Holes, 
Padded Shoulders. 

Handsome lines of Fall and Winter Overcoats 
utan equal saving. Men's all wool and worsted 
trousers. |2, f 2.5u and t3 ; handsomeiy mad e and 
trimmed. Wehavethe cheapest, «<ion(7es< and 
bestallwool boys' clothing. Also cloth by the 
yard or piece, and ladies' suitings and skirtings. 
Write to-day for samples, etc. 

CLEN ROCK WOOLEN MILLS, 
Somervllle, N. J. 



I Can SeU 

or other real estate, no matter where if Is or what It 
IS worth. Send description, state price, and learn my 
-on.JerfuIIy successful plan. W. M. OSTR.tNDEB. 

376 Marih Amcricco Euildicg, Pbilaielpbia 

VIRGINIA FARMS 

$3 PER ACRE AND UPWARDS. 

EASY PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FREH. 

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Va. 

Established 1875. 

WANTED TO «ELL OR EXCHANGE 
Newport News property for farm or 
pine timber land. Prefer farm in Val- 
ley of Virginia. H. D. COLEMAN, 
Newport News, Va 

"In the Green Fields of Vtrginia." 

Homes for all; Health for all; Happiness and 
Independence for all. All sizes of Farms at 
corresponding prices, but all reasonable. 

MACON & CO., Orange, Va. 



VIRGINIA FARMS 

All pricM and sizes. Fra« list on appllcativB. 
WM.B. PIZZINI CO.. Richmond. Va. 



SOUTHWESTERN VrRCINIA 

BLUE GRASS FARMS and MINERAL LANDS. 

Send for Free Real Estate Bulletin. 
Southwestern Va. Land Agency, Wytheville, Va. 

•-^a VIRGINIA FARMS C*^* 

Nice little poultry farm, 100 acres, good house 
and orchard, S500.0U. Blue Grass, Stock and 
Fruit Farms. Address PORTER & GATES, 

Louisa, Va. 



720 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[November 




VICTOR BOOK 

tells why our machine is preferred 
by users and all about artificial in- 
cubation. There's pointers that may 
mean dollars to you. We pay freight. 
Guarantee goods as described or 
money back. The book is free. 
Write for it to-day. Postal will do, 
GEO. EBTEL CO., Qulncy, Hi. 



1^ 


EA5Y MONEY 


ii tniide by ioitellinc a Hnwkeye 
iBCUbator. Little cost, liHle care, 
r.Bultfi Bure, profits largs, 80 lluyg' 
Free Trial. Cat.logue free. Mention 
tfaii paper.— Hawkeye Incubator 
Co., Box 49, Newton, Iowa. 




IT IS A FACT 



that ponltry pay« a larger profll 
for the money inrested than any 
1 other business; that anybody may 
make a success of it without long 
training or previous experience; 
fh»ttbeRe1lB(t1eIticubalon and Brooders will give 
the best resultsinallcasea. Our20th Century Poultry 
Book tells just why, and a hundred other things you 
tiiould know. We mail the book for 10 cents. Write 
to-day. We hare 115 yards of thoroughbred poultry. 

IEUA6LE IHCUBATOR & BROODER CO., Boi B- 1 1 Quincy, I II. 



COCKERELS, (Wyckoff strain,) 
S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS. 

To make room I will sell at $1,50 
each. For prize winners write to 
C. G. M, FINK, Rosneath Road, 
Henrico county, Va. 



L'||UL' TTJPirpYQ "Bred for Brieders," 



Last year my Mammoth Bronze turkeys were 
very fine, but this year the best 1 ever saw. They 
are the S. B. Johnston stock, derived from prize 
winners, SPECIAL RATES to those sending 
money before Nov, 1st., and the most i.lect birds 
to first orders, I also have a few very fine thor- 
oughbred Barred Plymouth Rock cockerels for 
sale. Rates reasonable on all. Write for circulars, 

PIRDiWONT POULTRY PLACF, 
Ml8S E. Callle Giles, Prop. - Whittle's Depot, Va. 

BROWN LEGHORNS." " 

Young stock for sale in 
Fall. Prices reasonable. 

White Plymouth Rocks. 
R. W. HAWJr., - - Centralia, Va. 



PIT games: 

Black Devils and Red Horses. 

These cocks won 90 per cent of battl.s fought 
In 1901 and 1902 and have nev.r lost a battle 
when gameness and cutting qaalitles could win. 
Choice lot of young; and old stock for sale. 

THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mrils, Va. 

Bargains in FINE COCKERELS, 

$1.60 each for a short time to make room — 
82 best varieties. Large, Illustrated Catalogue 
free for stamps. Write to-day. 

VALLEY POULTRY FARMS. 
J. H. HEATWOLE. Propr., Harrisonburg, Va. 

PLYMOUTH ROCK COCKERELS. 

I have some very fine pure bred birds, 6 and 
I months old, I will sell for }1 each. 
F. MAXWELL CONNER, Richmond, Va. 
P. O, Box 316. 



Handling of Cider Fruit. Grind- 
ing and Expressing the Mush. 
Bulletin 138. Orchard Studies XI. 
A Consideration of the Principles 
and Technique Involved in the 
Fermentation and Final Finishing 
of Ciders, 
Bulletin 139. Orchard Studies XII. 
The Chemical Composition of 
Ciders. 
Bulletin 140. Orchard Studies XIII. 
Some Observations on Crown Gall 
of Apple Trees. 

Virginia Weather Bureau, Richmond, 
Va. Report for September, 1903. 

Wyoming Experiment Station, Lara- 
mie, Wyo. Index Bulletin C. 

Imperial Department of Agriculture 
for the West Indies, Barbadoes, 
W, I. Agricultural News, Septem- 
ber, 1903. 



BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS. 
Grasses, and How to Grow Them. — 
The above is the title of Professor 
Shaw's new book just issued from the 
presses of the Webb Publishing Co. It 
is the only book ever published in 
America which treats of the growth of 
the grasses of this continent in a regu- 
lar and systematic way. The book 
has 470 pages. It is neatly bound in 
cloth and is sufficiently illustrated. It 
is written in that clear, plain and or- 
derly style which characterizes all 
Professor Shaw's writings. So practi' 
cal is the information presented, that 
while the book discusses all the grasses 
of any considerable economic value 
grown in America, the person who 
never grew them previously should be 
able to do so in an intelligent way 
after reading the book. Price, cloth. 
$1.50. We can supply this book at the 
published price. 



The Feather's Practical Pigeon Book. 
— By J, C. Long, Profusely illustrat- 
ed. Published by Geo. E. Howard, 
Washington, D, C, Price, 50 cents. 
This book will be found of interest and 
value to those keeping or contemplat- 
ing keeping fancy pigeons. We can 
supply the book at the publisher's 
price. 



The School and the Commonwealth, 
the Centre of Our Larger Hope, — An 
address to the graduates of the Rich- 
mond High School, June, 1903, by Wm, 
M. Thornton, LL. D., University of 
Virginia. 



Principles of Profitable Farming, 
published by the German Kali Works. 
Nassau street. New York city, will be 
sent free if you mention The South- 
ern Planteb. 



PREMIUM LISTS, CATALOGUES, 
ETC. 
Virginia State Horticultural Society. 
Programme of the Eighth Annual 
Session, to be held at Pulaski, De- 
cember 2d and 3d. Walter Whate- 
ley. Secretary, Crozet, Va. 
Virginia Pigeon, Poultry and Pet Stock 



FOR SALE.— A lot of BROWN LEG- 
HORN chickens. Pure blood, 60c each. 
W. B. GATES, Rice Depot, Va. 



■FOR SALE- 



n B. Turkeys, Pekin Ducks, White Wyan- 
dottes, S. C. B. Leghorns (the great Winter 
layers) and B. P. Rock chickeni. Order Now, 
and get the best. Miss CLARA L. SMITH, 
Caroline Co. Croxton, Va. 



Rocks, ^^^^^»- 



Barred Pm «,«w.vb, ively..- 

FOR SALE; strong, healthy, vigorous 
farm-raised pullets — bred for laying. 
WM. B. LEWIS, Irby, Nottoway Co., Va. 

-^ 3 M. P. D. 5 ^ 

The above stands lor 

TRIO MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCKS 

f5.00 as long as they last, 

PERFeCTION POLAND-CHINAS, 
PROTECTION DUROC JERSEYS, 
Only the best is bred at The Cedars. 
THR CEDARS, Wn. O. OWENS, 

P. & S, Farm. Midlothian, Va. 

WANTED! 

ALL KINDS OF 

LIVE WIlD biros AND ANIMALS 

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, Whlt* 
Squirrels, Ducks, Swans, Bob White Quail, 
Grey Squirrels, Etc. 

CECIL FRENCH, 

718 Twelft h St. N. VI., Washingtor. D. C. 

FIRST CLASS FOWLS 

FOB SALE, CHEAP, 

Barred, Buff and White Plymouth Rocks. 
White Wyandottes, Light Brahmas, Buff and 
Partridge Cochins, Black ninorcas. Black 
Laneshans, Brown and White Leghorns. 

Now is the time to secure bargains. 
Oakland Poultry Farm, 

C. J. WARINER, Mgr., Ruffin, N. C. 

Barred and White 

PLYMOUTH ROCKS 

Single and R. C. B. Leghorn, S. L. 
Wyandottes, Light Brahma and B. 
Minorca Cockerels for sale, $1 per sin- 
gle bird; a trio for |3. 
J, B. JOHNSON, Clover Hill Farm, 
Manassas, Va. 



SILVER-LACED :: 

WYANDOTTES* 

New blood, choice specimens, 
strong and healthy birds of 
fine plumage, ready tor ship- 
ment at $1,00 each. Also 
pure-bred POLAND-CHINA 
PIGS at $5.00 each. 

Dr. H. H. LEE. 

Lexington, Va. 



A neat Binder for your back Bum* 
bars can be had for 26 cents. Addi 
our, Business Oilee. 




1903.] 



THE SOFTHEKN PLANTER. 



721 




Bone Spavin, Bosr Spavin. Rlnsbone or 
any kind of blemish— we have what you 
need to make a cei tat n cure. Guaranteed 
always— money right back If It ever falls, 

Fleming's Spavin Cure (Liquid) 

for the soft bunches— Paste for the hard 
ones. A 45-ralnute application and the 
lameness Boes. Lois of blemish infor- 
mation in the free book we send. 

at\d 

^Poli Cvsl 

Do yourself what horse doctors 
charge Ing prices for trying to do. 
Ouie Fistula or Poll Evil in fifteen 
to thirty days. 

Fleming's Fistula & Poll Evil Cure 

Is a wonder— guaranteed to cure any 
case— money back if it falls. No cutting- 
no scar. Leaves the horse iound and 
emnoth. Write for our free book on 
diseases and blemishes of horses. 
TLEMINC BROS., Chemists, 

280 Union Stock Yards, Ohlcaeo, IlL 



rock LICK IT 
tOCK^IKE IT 



BLACKMAN'S 
MEDICATED 
. SALT BRICK 

The only Kn»r&nte«d Tonic, Blood Fad- 
fler. Kidney and Liver Reg:uIator and 
aider of Digestion tor all stock. A. 
sure hit OQ worms. Ticks canno* live. 
No dosing, no drenchtsf^, and no-wasta 
of feed. Your horse hxs own doctor. 
Endorsed by thousands. 



fuU.dascriptlye circulars, teatlmonlais, 
«tc.' address 

Blackman Stock Remedy C«. 

930 Highland Park, Obattanooga.Teim. 



White Wyandottes, Buff Leg- 
horns, Bronze Turkeys. 

I can supply a few trios of White 
Wyandotte Cockerels and Pullets. Im- 
mediate delivery. Fine layers. 

Buff Leghorn Cockerels of extra fine 
lajing strain ready for delivery in No- 
vember. 

Bronze Turkeys in pairs or trios. 
All at reasonable prices. 

One U. S. Separator In perfect re- 
pair. Capacity 350 pounds milk per 
hour. Cost $125. Price, $50. 

A. R. VENABLE, Jb., 
Milnwood Dairy Farm. 

P. O. Box 147, Farmville, Va. 

FOR SALE— >Trio Toulouse Qeese; 

1901 hatch, or will exchange for trio 
good M. Bronze Turkeys. 
DAVID W. LEARY, Mattoax, Va. 



Association. Premium list of the 
Third Annual Exhibition November 
23-28, 1903, at the Masonic Temple, 
Broad street, Richmond. Frank 
Jenkins Secretary, 517 W. Broad 
street, Richmond, Va. 

Paper Shell Pecans. Fruit Guide and 
Catalogue. B. W. Stone & Co. 
Thomasville, Ga. 

DeLaval Separator Co., Cortlandt St., 
New York city. How to apply busi- 
ness principles to the testing and 
selection of a Separator. 

Studebakers' Farmer's Almanac, 1904. 
Studebaker Bros. Mfg. Co., South 
Bend, Ind. 

The Reliable Incubator and Brooder 
Co., Quincy, 111. "A reliable busi- 
ness opportunity." Prospectus of- 
fering stock in the capital of the 
Company. 



A copy of the pamphlet "Principles 
of Profitable Farming," is before us in 
a new and revised edition. 

The principles of proper rotation 
with leguminous crops and the great 
advantages to be derived by such meth- 
ods are explained in the pamphlet In 
a fascinating manner. A description 
of the Experiment Farm at Southern 
Pines, N. C, where the best methods 
of ufflsing fertilizers are being studied 
and put into practice, is also a valu- 
able feature of this publication. 

A thorough perusal of the book 
would be of interest and benefit to all 
practical farmers and copies can be 
had, free of charge, by writing to the 
German Kali Works, 93 Nassau street. 
New York, N. Y. 



CAHOON BROADCAST SEEDT3RS. 

There are places where broad-cast 
seeding refuses to go out in spite of 
all the modern drill machinery. In 
many such places the inseparable com- 
panion of the sower for forty-five years 
has been the Gaboon Broadcast Seeder 
— a remarkable term of service for a 
machine so simple. But in Its simplic- 
ity, as well as its perfect working 
qualities, Is to be found, perhaps, the 
cause of its continued popularity. Like 
broadcast seeding itself, it seems des- 
tined never to release its hold. Of 
course, it Is not identically the same 
machine It was originally. It has been 
Improved. But there's enough of the 
old, which was always good, and 
enough of the new. which means Its 
adoption of improvements, which ex- 
perience has shown to be desirable, to 
make It about the best machine of its 
kind on the market at this day. 

The Goodell Company, Antrim, N. 
H., are the manufacturers. They ad- 
vertise it In our paper. The Sower's 
Manual mentioned in the ad, telling 
how, when and how much to sow, Is a 
valuable little book for the planter to 
have. Note that it will come free if 
you write the Goodell Company for it. 



A neat Binder for yonr baok mm- 
bera can be had for 15 centa. AddroM 
our Business Ofico. 



Warranted 

to give satisfaction. 




GOMBAULT'S 

CAUSTIC BALSAM 

A safe, speedy and 
positive cure for 

Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Capped Hock, 
Strained Tendons, Founder, Wind Puffs, 
and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone 
and other bony tumors. Cures all skin 
diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtbeiia. 
Removes all Bunches from Horses or 
Cattle. 

As a HITMAN KEMKn'V for lEben- 

matUm, Sprains, Sore Throat, etc., It 
is invaluable. 

Ever? bottle of Canntlc Balsam sold la 
Warranted to give satisfaction. Price Wl.SO 
per bottle. Sold by drueprists, or sent by ex- 
press, charges paid, with full directions for Its 
use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo- 
nials, etc. Address 
TEB L&VRINCE-VlLLIiHSGOIPlIIT.CleTeUnd, Ohio. 



FdUTZS 

: HORSE 

.r^'' And ■/.■: 

jCATTLE 
%OWbER 



A mcdidnc which makes 

sick animals wet), the diseased 

whole, the weak strong and the 

thin fat. It will restore lost Appetite, 

expel Worms and cure Chronic Cough, 

Heaves, Influenia, Distemper, Hide- 

1 bound, Indigestion, Constipation, Flat- 

^\ulcncy and ail Stomach and Bowel 

trouble. 

The finest of all animal 
vitaiizers and tonics a 
the only one which 
increases the coeffi- 
cient of digestibil- 



DAVID e,fou:tz 

BALr/MOS£:f(D. 



ity of protein. 

0(t ihc Genuine c 
tend 10 us. PamphJcl | 
No. • Free. 



'CHAfSeSPA.'O.' 



DEATH TO HEAVES 

tiamrftBteeU 




NEWTON*S He«Te, C«i(k, D^ 

temper and ladl^iUoB Cw. 

A veterinary speciflc for wlod, 

f ^^- ^throat an<l stuiuuch trouolei. 

.^,.*'*'* Strong recommeniis. Il.iw per 

can. Dealers. Mail or Kx. paid. 

NewtoD Horse Kemedj Co., 

Toledo. Ohio. 



^1 



Little Chicks 

^thrive when fed on our 
BABY CHICK FOOD. 

A perfect balanced food. Send for free 
sample and our large Illustrated catalog 
of POULTRY SUPPLIES, 

INCUBATORSiand 

BROODERS. 

FANCIERS' SUPPLY CO.. 

S17-519 West Broad St.,i. 

Richmond, Va. 

EVBRYTHINQ FOR THE FANCIER. 



722 



THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER. 



[November 






A PR£E game— 60 kinds— iuside 
each package of 




BERKSHIRE PIQS. 

We have a fine lot of young 
pigs for sale, all from thorough- 
bred registered stock. Write 
for prices. HOLLYBROOK 
FARMS, Richmond, Va. 

FOR SaL£2. 

Large English Berkshire Hogs, 
Barred Plymouth Rock Chickens 

BEN. BOLT, 60747, 430 lbs. as a yearling at 
head of herd. fl^EGGS IN SEASON. 
JOHN P. FOSTER, Nocreek, Ohin Co., Ky. 

Large English Berkshires 

Choice pigfs for sale, also B. P. R. Chick- 
ens, Biltmore strains. Stock as repre- 
eented or money refunded. 

G. NORRIS WAT.-ON, Birdwood, Va. 
Clarington Stock Farm. 

BERKSHIRES 

A FEW BOAR PIGS FOR SALEJ 
By Mason of Biltmore II, out of Elmwood's 
Beauty II (72603) and Elmwood's Beauty III 
(72717). Nothing but Biltmore blood in my herd. 

ROBT. HIBBERT: Charlottesville, Va. 

THOROUGH-BRED.... 

Berkshire Boars, 
Dorset Buck Lambs, 
Jersey Bull Calves. 

All stock in best of condition and 
guaranteed as represented. 
F. T. ENGLISH, GUYS, Q. A. CO., Md. 

CHOICE, YOUNG 

DUROC=JERSEY PIQS 

Of both sexes for sale. All stock en- 
titled to registry and guaranteed as 
represented or money refunded. 

D. L. ROBERTSON, 
Wanon Co. MARMADUKE, N. C. 



HOG CHOLERA. 
Recent experiments and tests in the 
treatment of this terrible disease made 
by more than 300 farmers and hog 
breeders, who reported at the Illinois 
State Fair last week, that they have 
cured their hogs with the Snoddy Hog 
Cholera remedy is conclusive proof 
that the farmers can protect their hogs 
against the ravages of this destructive 
disease with this remedy. In addition 
to preventing and curing the disease, 
it proved to be the greatest worm rem- 
edy and thrift producer they have ever 
used. Any practical farmer can pre- 
vent it or can cure the disease after 
their hogs have got it. Snoddy's free 
book on Hog Cholera fully explains the 
treatment and contains other valuable 
information for a farmer to make hog 
raising profitable. Will be sent free 
to any hog raiser, who will send their 
name and address to the Snoddy Rem- 
edy Co., Box 16, Alton, 111. This dis- 
covery is saving millions of dollars an- 
nually for the hog raisers, and every 
one should write at once for this free 
information, or cut this out and pre- 
serve it for future reference. 



GOOD BYE: SMOKE HOUSE. 



Krauser's Liquid Extract of Smoke 
Makes it Useless. 

The smoke house always was a 
source of worriment, vexation and ex- 
pense, anyhow. When it catches fire 
let it go up in smoke. There's a bet- 
ter way to smoke meats. That is by 
using Krauser's Liquid Extract of 
Smoke. It's been gaining in all parts 
of the country for several years past 
and there is no longer any doubt that 
it is driving the smoke house out of 
business. 

Krauser's Liquid Extract of Smoke 
is made from selected hickory wood. 
It is applied to meat with a brush or 
sponge. It contains the same ingre- 
dients that preserve meat that is 
smoked in the old way. It gives meat 
a delicious, sweet flavor and gives per- 
fect protection against insects and 
mould. It is cheaper and cleaner than 
the old way. Information concerning 
its use, cost, etc., can be had by writ- 
ing to the makers, E. Krauser & Bro., 
Milton, Pa. 



AN OPTIMIST. 

According to the Chicago Daily 
News, the old man was sitting on the 
roof of his house in Kansas after the 
floods, and was gazing placidly across 
the rushing waters. 

"Washed all your fowls away?" 
asked the man in the boat. 

"Yes, but the ducks swam," smiled 
the old man. 

"Tore up your peach-trees?" 

"Don't mind it much. They said the 
crop would be a failure." 

"But the flood! It is up to your 
windows!" 

"Wal, them windows needed wash- 
ing, anyway, stranger." 




ANNEFIELD HERD 

Represents the 

Finest Blood Lines 

in Englandlor America. 

Stock for sale at all times. 



tJorrespondence Solicited. I 

Inspection Invited. — 



EDW. G. BUTLER, Annefield JParms, 

Briggs, Clarke Co., Va. 





Southdown and 
Hampshiredown 



Sheep and Lambs 
FOR SALE; also ESSEX pigs. For 
prices, apply to L G. JONES, 

Bethania, N. C. 

. . HAWKLEY STOCK FARMS .•. 

Oflfers some very fine 
BERKSHIRE PI GS; also choice young 
BOARS. Nothing but Tops sold. A few fine S. 
C. B. LEGHORN Cockerels left ; from extra fine 
layers. J. T. OLIVER, Aliens Level, Va. 



Farmer's Prices-- 



ON GOOD, GROWTHY, THRIFTY 

jiiQiisti BMifes m mmwm m< 

6 wks. to 4 mos. old, to close out stock: also 
White Plymouth Rocks at reasonable figures. 
BYRD BROS, R. F. D., Salisbury, N. C. 




0. I. C. PIGS 



m,>.Mm&i9' FROn REQ. STOCK. 
EOR SALE. PRICES RIGHT. 
F. S. MICHIE, Charlottesville, Va. 



Registered ''• '^"'""^ 




Berkshire, 
C. Whites. Fine large 
strains. All ages, mated 
not a in, 8 week, pigs. 

Bredsows. Serviceboars _. 

and Poultry. Write for prices and free circular. 
P. F. HAMILTON, Cochranvllle, Chester Co., Pa. 



Aryshires, Berkshires and Oxford-Downs. 

Ayrshire Calves ot both sexes, Berkshlr* 
Pigs and Boar snd 2 Oxford- Down lUms for 
sale. MELROSE CASTLE FARM, 

Enos H. Hess, Manager, Caaanora. V*. 

Poland Chinas, Chester Whites and 
Mammoth Bronze Turkeys at Far- 
mers prices 

S. M. WISECARVER, 

Rustburg, Va. 



Ilinnni POATO are handsome, hardy and 
ANuUnA UUA I profitable For large clr- 
" lar (^""bs e; w! COLE & CO.. Big Clifty, Ky. 



1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 723 

JXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXi 

Breeders Gazette 

Specials! 



A Those who subscribe now for the world's greatest illustrated Q 

X agriculturalweekly— THE BREEDER'S GAZETTE— X 

X will get, in addition to the brimming regular issues, such X 

X special numbers as the following : .• .• .* .* .* .• X 

X November 18 X 

X V 

X Thanksgiving Day Edition. g 

^ December 9 ^ 

X Ctiicago International Show X 

X Report— Illustrated. ^ 

X December 16 x 

X X 

X Christmas Number. x 

X 

J Needless to say these will be up to THE GAZETTE'S 

S usual standard. Why not have the best? 5 

X The Christmas Number will have a lithographed cover X 

X reproduction of the drawing that won THE GAZETTE'S X 

X f200.00 cash prize for best design for that purpose. A x 

^ great double number free to all subscribers. g 

Terms $2.U0 per year. Special rates to agents and clubs. Q 

Sample copy of regular issue free if you mention this X 

paper. Address X 

J. H. SANDERS PUBLISHING CO., 

358 Dearborn Street. .' .* .* .' / CHICAGO. ILL. 

yxxxxx>ow>i*:tf30BOO«'xxyxyxxxx>o^xxxxxxxxxxxxxx 



724 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



[N'ovember 



Market Toppers for Sale, Low. 




Lot fine Reg. Angus bull calves, five 
to six mos., $75. 

Lot i grade Angus heifers coming 2 
years. Safe in calf by Reg. Angus 
bull. Price, 6ic. per pound. 

1 Bull Calf coming 4 mos., out of fine 
Hereford cow, by Reg. Angus bull. $40 

Lot i grade Angus heifers, coming 
1 year. Price, 6c. per pound. 

One 12 mos. old Reg. Angus heifer. 
$100. 

Pure-bred White Plymouth Rock 
Cockerels and Pullets, $1.00 each. 

W. M. WATKINS & SOWS, 
Saxe, Charlotte Co., Va. 

ANGUS BULL CALVES 

SIRED BY THE 
CKampion Dull BARON IDA. 

These calves are choice individuals. 

ENGLISH SETTER PUPS. 
Sire and dam prize winners. 

WARREN RICE, Winchester, Va. 
H. F. COLE/YIAN & SONS, 

MULBERRY GAP. TENN., 

— BREEDEKS OP — 

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE. 

JANNET'S KING, 48271, greatest 
Bon of Valiant Knight II., 29331, first 
prize bull at all three of the Interna- 
tional shows, heads the herd. Visi- 
tors and correspondence invited. 
Young things for sale. 

Splendid Registered MSSl 

ANGUS BULL 

Age 17 mos., thoroughly tick proof 
(Immune), for sale. Price, $250. Also 
a beautiful 5 mos. ANGUS HEIFER. 
No kin to bull, for $50. Write for 
breeding, etc. C. A. WILLIAMS, 

Ringwood, N. C. 

ANGUS BULL CALF. 

Adranca SUr, 64559, 1 yr. old, Nov. 28, 1903; 
slrt Zolr* 34571 ; dam Audnbon Beauty. This 
calf Is well bred, w«lfh«d 560 lbs. at 9 mos., and 
bids fair t* be a superior Hard Bull. For price 
and farther partlaulari, address 

Rev. S. S. HEPBURN. Oliver. Va. 

WHITE YORKSHIRE PIGS 

Entitled to registration, FOR SALE. 

HEKRY H. CLARKE, "Chantilly," 

Broad Street Road, Richmond, Va. 



Kingsley, la.. Sept. 16. 1903. 
Dr. Jos. Haas, V. S., Indiapolis, Ind.: 

Dear Sir: — We take much pleasure 
in informing you of our success in 
handling your most valuable Hog Rem- 
edy during the past five years. We 
have sold during that time about 
$3,000.00 worth of the Remedy, to 
more than 100 regular customers, who 
have used it right along with great sue' 
cess. A good number of our custom- 
ers report to us that they have cured 
the cholera in their herds, after the 
disease had broken out, and several 
hogs had died before they began using 
the Remedy. We can get sworn state- 
ments from our customers to the above 
facts if desired. 

Our experience with your Remedy 
has taught us that it should in all 
cases be used as a preventive, before 
the hogs are taken sick, and by so do- 
ing it keeps them in a healthy condi- 
tion, also will pay many times the cost 
of the Remedy by the extra gain in 
the weight of the hogs. 

We can cheerfully recommend your 
Remedy to all dealers and feeders, 
after our long experience with it, as 
we feed it to our own herd of thor- 
oughbred Duroc-Jerseys, in addition to 
selling it to our customers. Our boar, 
American Royal. No. 15453. won sweep' 
stakes over all ages at the Interstate 
Fair, held in Sioux City this month, 
over entries from Iowa State Fair, 
Missouri, Nebraska and South Da- 
kota. Yours very truly, 

EDMONDS, SHADE & CO., 
Dealers in Grain and Live Stock. 



The man or woman, boy or girl, who 
wants to succeed with poultry ought 
by all means to have a copy or the new 
annual catalogue of the Reliable In- 
cubator & Brooder Co., of Quincy, 111. 
The book will convince any one who 
contemplates buying an incubator or 
a brooder that the "Reliable" is as good 
as its name indicates; and there is a 
lot of valuable information in it about 
hatching and the care of poultry which 
is new to all but a lew experts who 
are making fortunes out of poultry. 
Any one who will follow "Reliable" 
methods and our "Reliable" machines, 
can make money out of poultry. The 
"Reliable" people make money them- 
selves out of their immense poultry 
farm, a side issue of their business, 
and their experience has enabled them 
to build up an immense business in 
"Reliable" poultry supplies, which 
comprise "everything for the poultry- 
man." To get acquainted with the 
"Reliable" people is like getting ac- 
quainted with some good neighbor, 
who has made a lot of money and 
takes pleasure in telling you how you 
can do it. 



Smithers — "Do you know any one 
who has a horse to 3«11?" She — "Yes; 
I suspect old Brown has." Smithers — 
"Why?" She — "Well, papa sold him 
one yesterday." — London Punch. 



V.P.I. 

E.^rrLBulletin 

We are now oflFering some choice young 
Bulls of the following breeds: 

Shorthorn, Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus. 

Write at once for pedigrees and prices. 

D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr. 
Blacksburg, Va. 



Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm 

1^^^^^^^^^^^ Has for sale a large num- 
J^^I^B^^H^^M ber of nice young regil- 
'^i^^^^H^Vj tered 

None better bred in the South. Cemblnlnc 
cloaely the moat noted and up-t»-data blood 
in America. Bulla 18 to 12 monttaa old, $26; 
Hetfera, tame age, $36. POLAND CHINA 
PIOS. $5 each. Send chock and get what 
}ou waat. 

T. P. BRASWELL, Prop.' Battleboro. N. C. 



JERSEY BULLS 
AND HEIFERS. 



Fine JERSEY BULL For Sale. 

I offer at a reasonable figure, a thorough-bred 
Jersey bull, 4 years old June 10th, 9103. Gentle, 
solid color with black tongue and switch and 
entitled to registry. This bull is a great grand- 
son of the famous Canada's John Bull, and is in 
every respect, a strictly first-class animal. For 
full information apply to S. B. WALKER, 
Walker's Ford, Va. 



MILCH COWS WANTED.— Car load 
lots heavy milchers or springers. Give 
detailed description individuals, breed, 
age. guaranteed production and lowest 
spot price delivered Asheville. Ad- 
dress ANANDALE DAIRY FARMS, 
Asheville, N. C. 

FOR SALE.— A NO. 1 REG. HERE- 
FORD BULL, 7 months old, well 
marked, weighing over 500 lbs. 
Address WM. C. STUBB3, 
Sassafras P. O , Gloucester Co., Va. 



ST. OMER HERD 

Offers young bulls fit for senrlce. out of 
tested dams with good yearly records. Strong 
in Exile of St. L., King of St. L. and Stoke 
Pogifl of Prospect. Reasonable prlcaa. 

JOS. T. HOOPBS. ByBum. Md. 



rOK SALE 

100 good grade breeding ewes. Bred to 
Shropshire bucks for early Iambs, In lots to 
suit purchasers. 

A few good Horses and Mules also for sale. 

Also one-half interest in twenty-four thou- 
sand acres West Virginia Coal and Timber 
lands. Will take in exchange good James 
River lands. Call on or address 

JOHN MATHEWS. East Richmond, Va. 

FOR SALE,- -My Trotting-bred Stallion 

GEORGE BURNS, foaled May 14, 1900. Ma- 
hogany bay, star in face, left hind foot white, 
of good style, easy to handle; will make good 
breeder. Write for his breeding. 
J. TABB JANNBY, Van ClevesvIUe, W. Ve. 



1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 725 

BILTMORB FARMS, - Biltmore, N.a_ 

Headquarters for GOLDEN LAD JERSEYS, 

Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGO LD. > > > 

GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the 
champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both 
born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls. 

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with an individuality 
that wins in the show ring. IJS 

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever ofiered, both for 
breeding and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many 
of these calves are fit to show and win in any company. 

Jt jt BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS, ^ > '"^ 

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from our prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select 
from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last two seasons. If you want winners you 
must breed from winners. 

Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES. 

APPLY TO BILTMORE FARMS, biltmore, n. c. 



..FRUIT and PODLTRY FARM.. 



1,000 Cockerels and Pullets 

All HIGHLY BRFD of the following breeds: 

Barred and White Plymouth Rocks, White 
and Silver=Laced Wyandottes and Brown 
Leghorns, at = = = $ 1 .00 each. 

WRITE AT ONCE AND GET THE BEST. 
(No Ducks to offer at present). 

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., .' .' / Staunton, Va. 



'•/26 



THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER 



[November 



ANGORA QOATS. 




A few pairs for sale — Higii grades, 
$15; Registered, $40 per pair. 

JEREMY IMPROVEMENT CO., 
SAXE, VA. 

150 Jacks, Jennets and Mules. 

Best assortment I ever owned. Can 
suit you exactly. Write for descrip- 
tion and prices. Also 
win sell 2 Percheron 
Stallions at close fig- 
ures. 

BAKER'S JACK FARM, 
Lawrence, Ind. 



Knight & Jetton, 

Breeders of and Dealers In 

Jacks, Jeonets, Stallions. 

Durham and Hereford 

YEAKJLING8. 

Send stamp for Catalogue. 

Murfreesboro, Tenn. 





^ 



Jacks, Jennets and Stallions 

FOR SALE. Fine Jacks a 
Specialty. Wh'n writing 
state exactly what you want 
or come and see our stock. 

W. E. KNIGHT & CO., 
Route 5. Nashville, Teno. 



Sale or Hxchange 

2 BEAUTIFUL JACKS, for pure-bred 
Red Polled cattle, good draft or coach 
stallions. W. S. MOTT, Dixondale, Va. 

n ORSETS H EREFORDS. 



Some Exceptionally Rare Bargains to Quick Buyers. 

My herd bull, bull calves and Dorset 
bucks. Registered stock. 

H. ARMSTRONG, LANTZ MILLS, VA. 

PURE-BRED 

M. BRONZE TURKEYS, GOLDEN and 
SILVER PENCILED HAMBURG and BAR- 
RED PLYMOUTH ROCK Chlrkpns. Eggs la 
Beason. For sale by T. J. WOOLDRIDOE, 
French Hay, Va. 

FOR SALE AT A BARGAIN. 

A thoroughbred Registered HOLSTEIN- 
FRBSIAN Bull Calf. H. W. MANSON. 

Crewe, Va. 



THE INTERNATIONAL LIVE STOCK 
EXPOSITION FOR i9D3. 

The leading agricultural and live 
stock educators of the United States 
and Canada are paying tribute to the 
value of the International Live Stock 
Exposition to the country in almost 
every current issue of the agricultural 
and live stock press. A word, there- 
fore, as to the arrangements for the 
1903 exhibit will no doubt prove of 
value to your readers. 

The Board of Directors have issued 
a statement regarding the new coli- 
seum, and while it is regretable that 
we will not have our entire buildings 
at our disposal this year, nevertheless 
with the old building, provided with 
greatly increased stall room and with 
better arrangements for pens for the 
hogs and sheep, we will be able to han- 
dle the show more advantageously 
than any of its predecessors. Tempo- 
rary facilities will be constructed to 
secure ample- room for each depart 
ment to prevent any branch crowding 
the other. 

The programme will be arranged to 
give each and every breed and kind 
full benefit of all that the show im- 
plies to the exhibitor. 

The live stock people have shown 
their earnestness in the welfare of the 
International by taking memberships 
in the permanent organization, yet a 
more general membership is looked 
for to insure continued success. In 
this connection there is no change in 
the rules or regulations of the Expo- 
sition. The awards are open to the 
same competitors as heretofore, wheth- 
er exhibitor is a member or not, so that 
whether your application for member- 
ship is filed as yet or not, your rela- 
tionship so far as being an exhibitor 
is concerned is the same as at former 
shows. 

The entries and inquiries received 
indicate a greater interest and larger 
exhibit than at any of the previous ex- 
positions. 

The railroads have given the same 
rates for visitors, with earlier selling 
dates for exhibitors, as published each 
previous year, and additional special 
excursions will be run this year by sev- 
eral of the lines reaching Chicago. 
Everything points to a big event No- 
vember 28th to December 5th at Chi- 
cago. W. E. Skinneb. 



ONE WAS SUFFICIENT. 

Jimmy, aged five, had been naughty, 
and his mother had punished him in 
the good, old-fashioned way. His fath- 
er pretended to be greatly shocked at 
overhearing the aggrieved youngster 
express a hope that a large stray bear 
might happen along some dark nigii 
to make af his offending parent. 

"But, Jimmy," said his father, im- 
pressively, "you shouldn't say such 
dreadful things. You should always 
remember, my son, that a boy never 
has more than one mother." 

"Thank God for that!" breathed 
Jimmy fervently. — November Lippin- 

COtt'8. 



Kentucky 

Herefords 

Headed bj the famous 

inPORTED BRITISHER 

No. 145096 Champion Bull over all breeda in 
England and Grand Sweepstakes Champioo 
at Chicago 1902 Live Stock Exposition. 

We can furnish buyers with anything they 
wish from the FANCIEST THAT CAN BBS 
BRED to the cheaper class usually deslrad by 
the beginner. Write us before buylnc Gla^i' 
to answer Inquiries. 

Qiltner Bros., Eminence, Ky. 



ELLERSLIE FARM^t^ 
Thoroughbred Horses 

AND SHORTHORN CAHLE, 

Pnre Sonthdoiirii Sheep 
and Berkshire Pigo. 

Fob Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON, 

Chaelottesvillb, Va. 



COOK'SCREEK HERO 

Scotch-Topped 
Shorthorns^^^ 

Herd Headed by Governor Tyler, 1585 48. 
Young Bulls for sale. Inspection and corres- 
pondence Invited. 

HEATWOLE & SUTBR, Dale Enterprise, Va. 




Qviietvide 

SHORTHORNS 

FOR SALE. 

1 yearling bull, 3 bull calves 2 two-year-old' 
heifers bred to a pure Scotch bull, 8 yearling- 
heifers and a few cows. This stock is first class- 
and In excellent condition. Write to or come- 
to see T. J. THOMPSON, Swoope, Va 



PURE BRED 

Short Horn Calves 

from fine Stock. Also 

Yorkshire Pigs 

of very Prolific Breed. 

JAS. n. HOae, Hamilton, Va. 



SPRINQWOOD SHORTHORNS. 

SPECIAL OFFERING. 

4 yearling bulls, sired by Verbena's cham- 
pion No. 129881. One two-year-old POLAND- 
CHINA Boar, a fine breeder, recorded bred In 
Ohio, sired by Guy Wilkes. 

Good 8 weeks' old POLAND CHINA Pigs, 
$5.00 each. Pedigrees furnished with all stock 
sold. Inspection Invited. 

WM. T. THRASHER, Sprlngwood, Va. 



^rOOOLANO DORSE,TM. 



/~JNE of our customers writes: "My salea of 
*^ grade Dorset winter Iambs run this year: 
first 87 head brought $870; then prices de- 
clined somewhat. I am looking for another 
good Dorset ram." Woodland Donets arei 
standard in excellence. 
J. E. WINO & BROS.. Mechanlciburg, Ohio. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



•27 



BUILDING THE HOG HOUSE. 
This subject comes up to every hog 
owner and as the cost of such a build- 
ing is one of the first considerations 
and an item that in many cases causes 
poor protection and consequently a 
loss in pork to the owner. Yet the 
cause and loss go on, one following the 
other for, the want of a start of a first- 
class house to protect against cold and 
storm. A few years ago C. E. Morri- 
son gave this subject much attention 
and as the result he built a pen at 
small expense that is as near an ideal 
for all purposes as can be devised, one 
that can be built cheaply and extended 
from time to time at will without dis- 
turbing the first part. Full designs 
and plans of this model hog house will 
appear in the November issue of 
Blooded Stock, that great practical 
swine paper edited by farmers that get 
right at its subject, with sleeves rolled 
up, in a common sense way. It is be- 
ing advertised in the columns of this 
paper and also in our clubbing list. It 
is worth having and stops when the 
subscription expires. 



OF VALUE TO HORSEMEN. 
Do you turn your horses out for the 
winter? If so, we want to call your 
attention to a very important matter. 
Horses which have been used steadily 
at work, either on the farm or road, 
have quite likely had some strains 
whereby lameness or enlargements 
have been caused. Or perhaps new life 
is needed to be infused into their legs. 
Gombault's Caustic Balsam applied as 
per directions, just as you are turning 
the horse out. will be of great benefit; 
and this is the time when it can be 
used very successfully. One great ad- 
vantage in using this remedy is that 
after it is applied it needs no care or 
attention, but does its work well and 
at a time when the horse is having a 
rest. Of course, it can be used with 
equal success while horses are in the 
stable, but many people in turning 
their horses out would use Caustic 
Balsam if they were reminded of it, 
and this article is given as a reminder. 



HEEBNER'S ENS TT AGE AND FEED 
CUTTERS. 
The Feed and Ensilage Cutters man- 
ufactured by Heebner & Sons, Lans- 
dale, Penna., are intended to avoid 
much of the waste which ordinarily 
results in the feeding of the corn crop. 
Too many overlook the feed value in 
the lower stalk, which lies around on 
the feed lot until sprmg and is then 
gathered and burned. If the stalk be 
cut and shredded there need be little 
if any loss. The Heebner cutter with 
Shredder attachment, are admirably 
adapted to this work. Each machine 
may be made a combination cutter, 
crusher and shredder, putting the stalk 
In the best possible condition for mas- 
tication of the whole by the animal. 
A power well adapted to their opera- 
tion, and one without expense to pro- 
cure because always present on the 
farm, is the Heebner Level Tread Pow- 



4f OLID CoHFORTI 



RIGHT 
30RT- 



At 

the 

RIGHT 

•TIME 



Is what is wanted when one is seeking pleasure while driving, and this 
may be secured by using a CELEBRATED LEHMAN HEATER. 

They are universally recognized as the STANDARD CARRIAGE, 
WAGON AND SLEIGH HEATER. iS?7'200,000 Lehman Heaters are in 
actual use. They burn Lehman Coal, from which there is no smoke, 
smell nor danger, and may be operated at a cost of 2 cents per day. 

For sale by all carriage, harness and hardware dealers. Write us 
for booklet telling more about them. 

LEHMAN BROS., MFRS., J. W. ERRINGER, Gen. W. Sales Agt., 

10 Bond St., New York. 297 Wabash Avenue, Chicago, 111. 



We Are Still in the Business. 



*'HILL TOP" stock at Shadwell, Va. 

Having changed our residence, we brought with us and have for 
sale a choice lot of HILL TOP stock. 

Jersey Cattle, Southdown and Shropshire Sheep, 
Berkshire Hogs and B. B. R. Game Chickens. 

Our Berkshire Pigs are now closely sold up, but we will have a fine lotready to ship 
after September We will be glad to serve our old friends and are always glad to 
make new ones. 

We have won more premiums on sheep and hogs at State and County Fairs 
than all other breeders in Virginia combined. 

H. A. S. HAMILTON & SONS, Shadwell, Va. 



F 
O 
R 

S 
A 

L 
E 



BERKSHIRE PIGS 



of choice breeding, and to make them more desir- 
able, they^are fine individuals, properly fed; there- 
fore they develop well. Write 

Forest Home Farm, 

Purcellville, - - Virginia. 




rr PAYS TO DEHORN, 



Homlesa eows ^ve more mllK. 
Hornless steers make better beeL 

j^^^i%°SllltTuZ\':t^; Keystone D^hontingfKnifQ 

Cots on fonr ildss at once, withontcmshln^or bnii(iini{.Hlghe«t»w»xdat world's fair. 
OnierswlthcarfiflUedfromChlcagoif desired Send for drcnlara. M. T. PHILLIPS, B0X45 , POMEROY, PA. 



728 



THE SOUTHER?^ PLAIs^TER. 



[November 



er. These powers have been manufac- 
tured by the Heebners, father and 
sons, for upwards of sixty years. They 
are strong and durable and well adapt- 
ed to serve many uses on the farm in 
addition to Ensilage cutting. The 
Heebner Catalogue is a very interest- 
ing book on these and other specialties 
of the Heebner manufacture. Consult 
the advertisement and write the firm 
for it. 



YOUR MONEY BACK IB" YOUR'E 
NOT SATISFIED. 

Do you suppose that a company, with 
a capital of $500,000.00 paid in full and 
the proud reputation of 36 years of 
continuous success, would make such 
an offer and not carry it out to the let> 
ter? Do you supjHJse we would jeop- 
ardize our standing with the public 
and our chances of still greater suc- 
cess by failing to fulfill any promise 
we make? Do you suppose we would 
make BuCll Z7. Pffer if we did not have 
the utmost confidence in the satisfying 
«3uality of our goods? We know we 
'can please you and save you money, 
for Hayner Whiskey goes direct from 
our distillery to you, carries a United 
States Registered Distiller's Guaran- 
tee of purity and age and saves you 
the big profits of the dealers. Read 
our offer elsewhere in this paper. 

THE' HAYNER DISTIT T fNG CO. 



Among feed mills now on the mar- 
ket we give illustration of one whose 
qualities, we think, will commend it 
strongly to the general feeder. It is 
the Triple Geared Sweep Mill manu- 
factured by S. Freeman and Sons Mfg. 
Company, Racine, Wis. Many readers 
are familiar with the illustration from 
having studied it in the advertisement 
elsewhere. It is the practical kind of 
mill with but few parts. 




The illustration shows it as a corn 
Tusher and grinder. At this work its 
■apacity reaches 20 bushels of ground 
feed per hour. But it is adjustible in 
character, and does equally good work, 
though of course, less rapid in fine 
grinding of oats, rye wheat, etc., with 
its finer set of burrs. 

Smooth running and the absence of 
all jerking motion characterizes it. It 
Is one individual of a most valuable 
and practical line of farm appliances, 
such as feed and ensilage cutters, corn 
shellers, wood saws and windmills 
manufactured by the above company. 
It should receive the careful consid- 
eration of any feeder who Is about to 
buy a mill. 



HOG BOOK FREE 



A copy of my book, "HOGOLOGY," revised 
and enlarged, will be sent Free to any hog 
raiser who mentions this paper when asking 
for It. A few of the many Important subjects 
that are thoroughly covered In this valuable 
book are: Descriptions and Illustrations of 
the leading breeds of swine; swlne-record as- 
sociations; best location for hog-ralsing; se- 
lecting a breed; what constitutes a good hog 
for the farmer; value of a good boar; value of 
a pedigree; breeding; care of the sow; rearing 
fall pigs; fecundity of sows; practical foods; 
the runt pig; when to market; Inbreeding; 
anatomy of the hog (fully illustrated); dis- 
eases and treatment, etc., etc. 




TRADE-MARK. 



I Insure Hogs and Pay for All Tnat Die 

When my Remedy Is used as a preventive. Write for plan. This Remedy is a MEDICINE 
especially for hogs, and must not be confounded with cheap "stock foods." 27 years un- 
equalled success and the biggest money maker for hog raisers known. 

PRICES:— 25-lb. can, $12.50; 12%-lb. can, $6.50, prepaid; pkgs., J2.50, $1.25 and 50c. each. 
None genuine without my signature on package or can label. 

JOS. HAAS, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind. 




BERK5HIRES. 



Mr. H. F. Stratton of Erin, Houston 
Co.. Tenn., writes me on Aug. 15th 1903: 

"The little pig just received is a beauty, 
I am delighted with him — wouldn't take 
twice twenty dollars for him. He is thor- 
oughly patrician. I expect great things 
from him at the head of my herd of Royal Berkshires." 

So send to Thos. 8. White for patrician pigs rather than buy plebeians for a little 
less, do not be "penny wise and pound foolish," and especially in thoroughbreds. 
I have had 13 sows to farrow in past few days with over 20 more nearly due, order 
promptly for fall shipments, I never have enough to go round. 
Short Horn (Durham Cattle) for sale. Write for particulars. 

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, Lexington, Va. 



Hill Top Stock Farm. 

BERKSHIRE HOGS and 
SOUTHDOWN SHEEP 




=A Specialty.^= 

S. Brown Allen, who succeeds H. A. 8. 
Hamilton & Co. in the ownership and man- 
agement of this celebrated Stock Farm, with increased facilities, will make a 
s^pecialty of breeding Berkshire Hogs and Southdown Sheep, without regard to cost, 
from the purest and most royal strains of imported blood. 

My BURKSHIRG PIGS 

For this Fall delivery will weigh 100 pounds at 12 weeks of age, and for INDIVID- 
UAL MERIT cannot be excelled in the United States. The> will make show hogs 
against any and all competitors and are being engaged every day. 

S. BROWN ALLEN, Staunton, Virginia, (Successor to H. A. S. Hamilton & Co.) 



We positively guarantee to breed 
and ship the vKKY BEyT strains of 
thoroughbred registered LARGE 
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE 

Hogs for LESS MONEY than any other 
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our 
stock considered. Send us your order 
and we will satisfy you both in price 
and stock. WALTER B. FLEMING, 

Proprietor ot the Bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warrenton, N, 




I»03.J 



THE SOUTHERN PLAxYTER. 



729 



LIFT THE QUARANTINE. 
Interesting Announcement to Fabm- 
ERS AND Cattle Shippers. 
The appended notice will be interest- 
ing to farmers: 

Office of State Veterinarian, 
Blacksburg, Va. 
Notice to Stockmen, Railroad Com- 
panies, and Others doing Business in 
the State: 

The cattle quarantine through the 
State of Virginia will be raised Novem- 
ber I, 1903, to remain so until January 
31, 1904. Thus during the months of 
November and December, 1903, and 
January, 1904, cattle may be trans- 
ported to and from any portion of the 
State without quarantine restrictions. 
And it is ordered That all stock pens 
which may have been reserved for the 
use of cattle from the quarantine dis- 
trict, prior to November 1st, next, shall 
not be used for receiving or storing 
cattle from the quarantined district 
which have been inspected and passed, 
nor for cattle originating outside of 
the quarantined district, except when 
such cattle are intended for immediate 
slaughter. 

By order of the Board of Control. 
J. G. Ferneyhough, 
State Veterinarian. 



THE STATE POULTRY SHOW. 

The annual show of the Virginia 
Poultry, Pigeon and Pet Stock Asso- 
ciation is becoming an event of im- 
portance to the breeders of fancy poul- 
try and other stock, not only through- 
out Virginia, but a number of adjoin- 
ing states. The Importance of the 
poultry industry is coming to front 
more forcibly from year to year and 
the poultry show is the educator that 
is largely responsible for its growth. 
A handsome premium list has been 
issued which gives all information, and 
those interested should send for It at 
once as the entries close November 
12th. Address the Secretary, Frank 
Jenkins, 517 W. Broad street, Rich- 
mond. The show will be held Thanks- 
giving week, November 23-28, when re- 
duced rates will be In effect on all 
railroads. The Masonic Temple is un- 
surpassed as a show room, all stock 
will be fed and cared for and the best 
judges will place the awards. 



SHE GOT THE CANDY. 

It was a Chicago child, not yet three 
years old, who, having been punished 
by her mother, called up her father on 
the telephone for sympathy. "Papa," 
was the call that his stenographer 
heard on answering the ring. 

"Why, it's the baby," she said to her 
employer. The startled man, with 
visions of disaster in his mind, caught 
the receiver and said, — 

"What is it, baby?" 

"Mamma 'panked me," came the re- 
ply. 

"What do you want me to do about 
it?" asked the relieved and amused 
parent. 

"Come right home and bring me a 
pound of candy," said the child. — No 
vemler lAppincott'a. 



ARMOUR'S BLOOD MEALrcMr 

First proved by the Kansas Agrricnltnral Experiment Station, and sinca 

corroborated by tboasands of leading stockmen who have used It without 

a single failure. Equally efEective for the diarrhea of all animals. 

PREVENTS weak bones, paralysis of the hind legs and 'thumps'* 

in pigs; "big head" of foals; Wickets" of all young animals; 

abortion due to incomplete nutrition, and a host of other troubles. 

A Potent Food for Work Horses, Dairy Cows, Poultry. 

Write OS for booklet giving valuable Information about Blood Meal and our 
other feeding products. Consult us free of charge regarding stock diseases. 

THE ARMOUR FERTILIZER WORKS, 

Chloago. Omaha. Baltimore. Atlanta. Jackaonvllle. 



SUNNY HOME HERD OF 

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE. 

Baron Roseboy, 57666, by the great Gay Blackbird, dam by Eulalles Eric, 2d prlxa 
yearling at Columbian Exposition, 1893, heads the herd. Pedigree means only the traclns 
of good or bad qualities through several generations. The animals comprising this herd 
are direct descendants of the greatest prize winners of the breed for the past twenty-flve 
years. Does this mean anything to you, who • ii nf an animal of this the GREIAT- 

EST BEEF BREED? If so, come and see thebest lot of calves we ever bred, or write. 

A. L. FRENCH, Proprietor, R. F. D. 2 , Byrdvllle, Va. 

(Note change of P. O. address), 
Depot and shipping point, Fltcgerald, N. C, on D. & W. R'y, 24 mllei southwest of Dan- 
^vllle, Va. 



X C iSMONT DORSET S 

X 

X CISMONT STOCK FARM offers weU developed young 

•^ Dorsets of the best blood of England and America. 

X Prices Reasonable. Q. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va. 



JERSEY CATTLE. 

We have for sale, Voung- Co-ws, Heifers and Young: Bulls, 
from cows testing i8 to 24 \t»^, of butter in seven days, and giving 
40 to 60 lbs. of milk per day. Also — 

LARGE YORKSHIRE PIGS, 

The coming bacon breed. Our stock is from the most noted breederB in 
England and Canada. 

Write for prices. Address — 

BOWMONT FARMS, 



SALEM, 
VIRGINIA. 



FRUIT GROWERS, read the best fruit paper. SEND 10 CENTS and the aames aat 
addresses of 10 fruit growers to SOUTHERN FRUIT GROWER, Chattanooga, Tenn., for I 
months' trial subscription. Sample Free If you mentloa this paper. Regwlar prtM. tt*. 
I a year. Bast authority on fruit growing. 



730 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[November 



EMILY'S CHARGE. 
A Serial Tale by Mary Washington. 

CII.VPTER V. 

Soon after the episode recorded in 
the last chapter, the orphans set out 
for their new home. Mr. and Mrs. 
Wheeler gave them a hearty welcome, 
and they soon arranged their furniture 
and effects so as to make their cottage 
home quite comfortable, and even at- 
tractive, and they felt as well pleased 
with it as if it had been a brown- 
stone residence on Fifth avenue. The 
furniture was not of a showy kind, but 
consisted of carefully kept old family 
pieces each with a history attached to 
it. They had a few fine engravings 
and portraits, and a good stock of 
books which lent an air of refinement 
to their home. 

Emily now felt the value of the sys- 
tematic habits and practical instruc- 
tion she had derived from her mother. 
The latter had taught her (amongst 
other useful things) how to make ex- 
cellent bread, which branch of knowl- 
edge now proved most serviceable, en- 
abHng her to furnish their table with 
bread at once palatable and whole- 
some. They were fortunate enough 
also to find a cow awaiting them, a de- 
scendant of one that their Aunt Me- 
lissa had kept there, long before, and 
the milk and butter proved valuable 
adjuncts to their diet. Emily assumed 
the brunt of the household work, her- 
self, but Alice assisted her as much as 
she was able, and between them, they 
kept the cottage in beautiful order.! 
Walter's share of the work was to I 
bring the water, cut up and bring in 
the wood and make up the fires. The 
gardening season had opened by the 
time they reached the cottage, and Mr. 
Wheeler was busy at work planting 
vec-etables not only for home folks, but 
to "market at the Springs. Emily 
turned her attention at once to flower 
culture, not only because she loved 
flowers, but because she had under- 
stood from Mr. Wheeler that there was 
a good sale for them, at the Springs, 
during the summer, made up in bou- 
quet and boutonieres. Mr. Wheeler 
brought her rich black earth from the 
woods, and Emily fell dili.gently to 
work on her flower garden, assisted by 
Walter and Alice. She had brought 
with her a stock of sweet, old fash- 
ioned flowers from her old neighbor- 
hood, and to these she added a few tea 
roses, a stock of geraneums and ver- 
benas, and of showy, brilliant annuals, 
such as Drummond phlox, asters, nas- 
turtiums, scarlet, sage and others 
which flourished well on her rich flow- 
er bed. under her careful tendance. 

As "May glided onward into June," 
the season began to open, though it 
was not at its height till August, Emily 
and the children were enlivened by 
seeing the sta.ge go daily between the 
Springs and the railway station. The 
garden and the orchard at the cottage 
throve very well, and every day or 
two, Mr. Wheeler wended his way to 
the Springs with fruit or vegetables. 
Towards the end of the summer, he 




Portable Saw Mills 

with Enclnea and Boiler* Complete. 

Made in seven sizes, friction feed, cable 
liglitning gig, patent chain set works and 
improved dogs. AJAX CEJNTEK 
CRANK EN«iINi;8 are constructed 
with especial reference to the peculiar 
work required of them. This com- 
bination of engine and mill 
makes the best sawmill 
outfit on earth. 

A. B. Farquhar Co., Ltd 

York, Pa. 



Reg. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN 

CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje 

and Artis families. Heavy milkers aud rich in butter 

fat. Stock of all ages for sale. 

From noted strains, Imported Headlight, Lord 
-Highclere and Sunrise. 



Reg. BERKSHIRES 



DORSET SHEEP^ 



B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS, 

N. & W. and Southern E. E. T. O. SANDY, Burkevllle, Va. 



E 

i WP nPPPl? ^ ^®^ well-bred registered Jersey 
Uj Bull and heifer Calves at $30 each. 

2 They are four months old and from best strains of this 
* breed ; also a few young Berkshire boars large enough 

for service at $15 each, aud pigs eight weeks old at $6 

each — by pair or trio, not akin. 

M. B. ROWE & CO., 



% 



Fredericksburg, Va 






POLAND- 
CHINAS. 

1 have a limited number of pigs by 
my fine boars Gray's Big Chief, 57077; 




UKAY'a BIO CHIEF, 57077. 

and Victor G, 57076, and can furnish pairs not akin or related to those previonsly 
purchased. Young boars and sows of all ages Send to headquarters and get the 
best trom the oldest and largest herd of Poland-Chinas in this State at one-half 
Western prices. Address J. B. GRAY, Fredericksburg, Va. 



THE OAKS 

Has for sale, the grand Shorthorn bull, "Rock Hill Abbotts- 
155113, a grandson of Mary Abbottsburn 7th ; also a nice 



BURN 



lot of Calves, Bulls and Heifers ; 2 Reg. Morgan Colts at a 
bargain B. B. BUCHANAN, Bedford City, Va. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



731 



I 



carried some dandy little bouquets of 
scarlet sage or geraneum, tastefully 
blended with other flowers. The 
peaches, pears and grapes coming into 
market by about this time also sold 
very readily, so while Mr. Wheeler's 
modest marketing did not bring in any 
marvellous influx of money either to 
himself or the orphans, still it was 
enough to supply them simple and 
moderate wants for several months, 
and moreover he raised enough vege- 
tables to supply the table of both fam- 
ilies, besides. 

Whilst busy with her flowers and 
household cares, Emily did not for- 
get the important duty of instructing 
Walter and Alice. She was well fitted 
to teach, not only from having had 
good advantages of education herself, 
but because she had a gift for convey- 
ing information to children, and stim- 
ulating their minds. In addition to 
the formal routine of school, she took 
great pains in forming and directing 
the literary taste of her brother and 
sister, the more so as she looked chief- 
ly to literature to supply- any defi 
ciency that might exist in their school 
training. She used often to quote a 
remark of her mother's, that whoever 
loved nature and literature could never 
be utterly lonely, as they would always 
have two delightful and cheering com- 
panions. They fortuunately had a very 
choice collection of books, saved from 
the wrecks of their fortune, and as 
Emily unpacked these, she recalled a 
cheering passage from Channing's 
noble essay on "Self Culture," to the 
effect that no one need consider his 
roof a poor one when it holds beneath 
its shelter such kingly guests as Mil- 
ton, Shakespeare and other great 
writers. 

In the autumn her promised school 
was given her, and the Trustees, with 
kindly consideration, located it near 
the cottage. Emily, of course, had oc- 
casional difficulties to contend with in 
the shape of stupid, unruly or obsti- 
nate pupils, but take it all in all, her 
school was very satisfactory, and she 
worked in it gladly, both because she 
loved the -work itself, and because it 
enabled her to support those whom 
she loved; so though she "led laborious 
days," they were cheerful ones. She 
carried on her work with zest and 
vitality, and infused some of the same 
spirit into her pupils. She had no ar- 
bitrary rules for them; only a few 
simple and reasonable ones, on a com- 
pliance with which she insisted. 

She gave her pupils a great deal of 
oral instruction, thereby making 
thin.gs much more clear and compre- 
hensible to them. In short, she fig- 
ured out for herself a sort of kinder- 
garten system. She tried the same 
plan she had found so advantageous to 
Walter and Alice. She read aloud 
daily to her scholars, making judicious 
selections, and reading with an ani- 
mation and expressiveness that gave 
life and clearness to the reading. 

Sometimes she could not help feel- 
ing a little anxious about Walter's and 



.HEREFORD CATTLE. 

Service Bulls; Imported 5alisbury 760.=)9 (19083), a grand-l 
son- f the famous Gnive ;J(1 2490, and a descendant of the] 
world renowned Lord Wilton -1057 from the 4th generation. 

Snowball, the dam 'f Salisbury, is now in the herd of His 
Majesty King Edward Vll. 

Lars, Jr., is by La's of Western fame and his dam is Judy out <>f a Sir Richard 
2nd cow This makes a great combination of the Grove 3d, Lord Wilton, Anxiety. 
Peerless Wilton and Sir Richard 2nd strains. No bt-tter breeding in the world today, 

FOR SALE— Yearling bulls by above sires WANTED— Reg Hereford heifers, 18 
to 24 months old, not bred; will exchange bulls for heifers of equal quality. 

Extremely low pri(H-'s to close out this bunch; only a few left. 

Write your needs or call and make your own selection. 

MURRAY BOOCOCK, Owner, Keswick, Alb. Co.,Va. ^!^^^^z^nl^,^SA 




"""" ^ ^ ^ J "■''-'''' ^ "'■ ^ "■■'■ ' ' 



Bacon Hall Farm. 

Hereford REGISTERED Cattle 

"TOP" BREEDING, CALVES NOT AKIN. 
MOTTO Satisfaction or no sale. 



E. M. GILLET & SON, 



Qlencoe, flaryland. 






i M r M V T n' u I umn Mint ijjmrrm n r i i 1 1 1 1 n 1 1 m n i m n 



VIRGINIA HEREFORDS. 

Herd headed by the Champion 

PRINCE RUPERT, 79539. 

Correspondence Solicited. Inspection Invited. 

EDWARD G. BUTLER, 

Annefield Farms. BRIGGS, Clarke Co., Va. 




PRINCE RUPERT. 79,539 



ROSEMONT HEREFORDS 



HEADEO BY 
THE FAMOUS 



ACROBAT 68460, 



Assisted by Marquis of Salisbuky 16th 138894, the best 

son of Imp irted Salisbury. Correspondence 

solicited. Visitors welcome 

C. E. CLAPP. Berryville, Clarke Co., Va. 







Wtr 




POLAND=CHINAS. 

Choice Pigs, Boars and bred Sows of best 
breeding and individuality. 

Shorthorn Bull and Heifer Calves. 

f Write for prices and testimonials. 

Cboice stock at farmer's prices. 

J. P. OURRETTE, Birdwood, Alb. Co., Va. 



When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the 
Bouthem Planter. 



732- 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[November 



Alice's education when they should be 
a few years older. She did not feel so 
much disturbed about Alice as about 
Walter, however. She had seen so 
many girls acquire something of learn- 
ing, at boarding schools, and superfi- 
cial accomplishments which they 
dropped in a few years, that she felt 
no desire for Alice to do likewise. Alice 
showed no turn either for music or 
drawing, which lessened Emily's re- 
gret at her mobility to have her in- 
structed in these branches. She might 
have taught her music, herself, but for 
lack of an instrument, but as it was, 
she resolved to teach her thoroughly 
and carefully in all the other branches 
in which she herself was versed, not 
neglecting needle work and bread 
making, two branches which like the 
famous "low voice" of Cordelia, are 
"excellent things in a woman." She 
aimed also to make Alice a thorough 
student of the English language, for 
amid the multifarious branches taught 
nowadays, the structure of ones own 
language is not studied as closely as 
it should be, nor are its vast and no- 
ble resources sufficiently mastered. 

About Walter, she could not make 
her mind quite so easy. She could not 
shut her eyes to the fact that in a 
few years, he would need another 
teacher than herself, in some branches 
but she tried to take short views of 
life, and to dismiss this anxiety, trust- 
ing that an opening would be made 
for him, when his need arose. 

The orphans found winter in the 
mountains more severe than they had 
been accustomed to, but good Mr. 
Wheeler was careful to supply them 
well with fire wood, so they suffered 
but little from the rigor of the 
weather. 

When Christmas came, their festiv- 
ities consisted chiefly in decorating 
the cottage profusely with evergreens, 
interspersed with red berries, and the 
waxy white berries of the mistletoe 
which Walter scaled the top of a gi- 
gantic oak to obtain. 

For a year or two after this, these 
annals scarcely afford anything suflB- 
ciently eventful to retail to our readers. 
Their life went on in much the same 
routine as we have already described. 
Year by year, the little cottage grew 
more comfortable and homelike, and 
the flower garden, larger and more 
flourishing. By dint of economy and 
ingenuity, they gradually introduced 
more and more conveniences and re- 
finements into their little home. Every 
thing in it had a history, a memory, a 
sentiment attached to it, for it was 
partly filled with old family furniture 
and pictures, and partly with things 
that had been gifts, or had been pro- 
vided by their own efforts or ingenu- 
ity The book shelves, for instance, 
were Walter's work, he having a con- 
siderable mechanical turn, and his 
wits having been sharpened moreover, 
by their having no place to keep the 
books. On the mantel piece was a pair 
of little vases he had given Emily one 
ChristmaB, bought with a little fund 



NOW IS THE TIME to buy HOLSTEINS from the Ury Farm Herd. 

Ury Alwlna Count Paul De Kol; De Kol 2nd Butter Boy 3rd No. 2, and Lord Harford De Kol head 
our herd. You know their official backing. There Is nothing better. 15 bull calves at bargain 
prices. Their dams are of the De Kol, Aaggle, Netherland, Pletertje and Clotblde strains and are of 
•■he producing kind. The best bulls are sold young; also a few cows and heifers. Choice ENGLISH 
BERKSHIRE pigs of the best strains. Before buying, correspond with or visit 

THOS. FASSITT & SONS, Sylmar, Md. 



REGISTERED .. .. 



Pigs from 4 to 6 months old Boars ready for service, and 
young sows with pigs. Prices Reasonable. Apply to ... . 

J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Va. 




ABERDEEN ANGUS BULLS 

rOK SALE,. 
"Every Bull a SHo-wr Bull." 

The choicest lot of young bulls in Southwest Vir- 
ginia, all out of prize winning families at low prices. 
Uo you want a bargain? If so, come and see us, or 
Address W. P. ALLEN, Prop of Glen Allen Stock 
Farm, Walnut Hill, Va. 



;s: 2,000,000 ELBERTA PEACH TREES::. 



We offer 2,000,000 Elberta June Buds, besides a large stock of Belle of Georgia, 
Mamie Ross, Carmen, Greensboro, etc. Big assortment of 2-year Pear and Cherry, 
and small fruit plants. Write for Catalogue. 

CHATTANOOGA NURSERIES, Chattanooga, Tenn. 

Refeeencbs : Hamilton Trust & Havings Bank; N. Dietzen & Bro., Chattanooga; 
Dunn's Mercantile Agency; Southern Planter. 



Do You Ship Apples? 

If so, let us call your attention to the California and Oregon apple 
boxes, the coming packages for nice apples, particularly for foreign 
shipments. SOUTHSIDE M'F'G. CO., Petersburg, Va. 



C^^^^T /I/I 211^ For The Whole World! 
4^clW iyilllS Big Ones and Little Ones! 

All sizes frooiI4^II. P. Farmers' Mill that cuts 3,000 feet^a'dsy, ap to the biggest that's made. 
OVER 10,000 DELOACH PATENT SAW MILLS IN USE. 

Our Large Catalog 
No. 66 

will interest you. It illus- 
trates and teUs all about the 
famous DeLoach Patent Va- 
riable Friction Feed Saw 
riills, Shingle MilLs, Planers, 
Edgers, Trimmers, Stave and 
Lath Mills, Bolters, Cord 
Wood and Drag Saws, Corn 
and Buhr Mills, Water Wheels, 
Mill Gearing, Pulleys, Shaft- 
ing, Etc. 

Please mention the Southerh 
Planter when writing us. 
We will appreciate It. 

DeiOAGH MILL MANUFAGIUIiING GO JOX 666 AIM, GO fl(W MK Biorcll, 1 14 LlHefiySi. 

The Largest Saw Mill Manufacturing Plant In the World. 




1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



733 



DON'T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES 



UNTIL YOU HAVE INVESTIGATED 

"The: master woRnMAN" 



A two-cylinder gasoline engine; superior to all one-cylinder engines. Costs less to buy and less to run. Quicker and easier started. Has a wider 
sphere of usefulness. Has no vibration; can be mounted on any light wagon as a portable. Weighs less than half of one-cylinder engines. Give slz« 
of engine required. Sizes 154, 2, 2»^, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 15 horse power Mention this paper. Send for catalogue. THE TEMPLE PUMP CO., Meagher 
and 15th Sts.. CHICAGO. 



be had obtained by selling chestnuts, 
and his sister prized them more than 
if they had been of the finest Sevres 
China. Some pleasant association was 
linked with every article in their sim- 
ple household, and thus their little pos- 
sessions gave them more satisfaction 
than is felt by a wealthy person who 
has only to own his furniture and 
adornments from trades people. 
(To be continued.) 



GOOD HOUSEKEEPING. 

WAFFLES. 

Take two pints of flour and one of 
meal and sift them together, add a 
heaping teaspoon of salt and three 
well beaten eggs and enough butter- 
milk to make a thin batter (an old 
cook's rule was to have them as thick 
as strained honey) dissolve a teaspoon 
of soda in a little warm water and add 
it to the mixture. Make the waffle 
irons very hot and cook the waffles 
quickly, serve at once. 



SALLY LUNN. 

Two quarts of flour, one quart of 
milk and a cup of yeast, and five eggs 
nearly a cup of butter and lard mixed, 
a tablespoon of sugar and a teaspoon 
of salt. Beat all these well together 
and set it in a warm place to rise. 
After dinner beat it down well and put 
it into a greased cake pan and let it 
rise again. Cook as you do lightbread 
and serve very hot. 



ENGLISH HOE CAKES. 

Two quarts of flour and three eggs, 
half cup of butter or butter and lard 
mixed, a cup of yeast. Mix up with 
new milk into a dough as stiff as bis- 
cuit dough and let it rise all night. In 
the morning roll out the dough about 
three quarters of an inch thick and 
cut into squares with a sharp knife. 
Let them rise and just before you need 
them fry on a very hot griddle, or bake 
In a very hot oven for fifteen minutes. 
These are not good after they begin to 
get cool, so they should be served as 
quickly as possible. 



SMOTHERED CHICKEN. 

Always try to have the chickens 
killed the dav before you use them. It 
is best to have a large frying sized 
chicken for smothering. Split them 
down the back and fold the wings and 
legs under. Lay them in a pan of 
slightlv salt water awhile before cook- 
ing. When ready to cook put them in 
a pan, rub them well with butter. 
sprinkle salt and pepper over them and 
put two or three slices of bacon in the 
pan. Put about a quart of water to 
two chickens and set them inside the 
stove. Let them cook slowly, and 
baste frequently. When done take out 
and make a gravy with the water in 




This cut Is not th's 
machine but sim- 
ply shows the man 
ner of fastening 
the steel rope to 
the stump. We 
cannot tell you 
all about it 
here. Our cat- 
alogue shows 
Full Line of 
Stump 
Pullers 
testimonials, 
prices, etc. It 
will surprise 
and 

interest 
you. 



PULLS 




Yellow Pine Stumps 
or Trees. 

Our new 2-Hor3e 



iSS 



Hawkeye 

is built for that pur- 
pose and does it 
rapidly and cheap- 
ly. A machine that 
will pull yellow pine 
stumps will pullal- 
most anything else. It 
is being used by many 
planters and most of 
the leadintr R. K. and 
levee contractors. It 
has 3 times the power 
of our machines for or- 
dinary work and pulla 
8 orres at a setting. 

Milne Mfg. Co.; 

834 Eighth St., 
Monmouth, IIU 



TheHESSLER 

ROUND, STRONQ, DURABLE. 

No Flip-Flap Contrivances. 
You can scrape the mail out with your 
mittens on. PRICE 

A square box is bothersome. $ 1 ,00. 

Our box is the best and cheapest, fully up to the government's requirements. 

H. E. HESSLER CO., Dept. Z., Syracuse, New York. 




VIRGINIA DIVISION. 

Farmers Mutual Benefit Association 

A Fire Insurance Association, chartered by the State of Virginia, for 
farmers, under an amended and well protected plan. 

Insures in counties surrounding and accessible to Richmond, against Fire 
aud Lightning, only country property — no stores or unsafe risks. PoUcy-holdert 
amply secured — all legitimate losses paid. Average cost per year less than other 
plans, and a great saving to farmers. Amount of property now insured, $330,000, 
and increasing yearly. Estimated securiey in real and other estate, $750,000. 

For further Information, address, CHAS. N. FRIEND, General Agent, 

MENTION THIS .JOURNAL. CHESTER, VIRGINIA. 



734 



THE SOUTHERTnT PT.ANTEE. 



[November 



the pan by adding a well beaten egg 
and two or three spoons of browned 
flour creamed with a large tablespoon 
of butter. Pour it around the chicken 
and garnish the dish with parsley. 
Serve hot. 



CHEAP FRUIT CAKE. 

This is not only a cheap fruit cake, 
but one of the best I know of and will 
prove perfectly satisfactory except 
where the real black cake is desired. 

Three heaping cups of flour. Two 
cups of sugar. Two cups of butter. Six 
eggs beaten separately and very light. 
Half pound of raisins. Half pound of 
currants. Quarter of a pound of cit- 
ron. One teaspoon of cinnamon, one of 
nutmeg and one of cloves. One glass 
of brandy. Cream the butter and sugar 
together, then add the yolks of the 
eggs, and then stir in the fruit which 
is floured, and lastly sift in the flour, 
bake slowly in a loaf or in small pans. 



THANKSGIVING APPLE PIE. 

Pare the apples and stew them with 
very little water until they can be put 
through a collander. Sweeten them 
and season with cloves and all-spice. 
Make a rich pastry dough and line 
your pie plate with it, put the apples 
In and sprinkle a layer of seeded rai- 
sins over them, then put on a top crust 
and bake. Sprinkle the tops with 
powdered sugar and serve either hot 
or cold. 



SWEET POTATO PIE. 

One quart of potatoes mashed and 
put through a collander, one cup of 
butter, six eggs, beaten separately, 
four cups of sugar, two cups of rich 
milk, one small glass of brandy or 
whiskey, vanilla, nutmeg and cinna- 
mon. Save the whites till the last then 
stir them in. Bake in a rich paste and 
serve cold. 



THE BEST SPONGE C.\KE. 

One pound of sugar. Ten eggs. 
Three quarters of a pound of flour, the 
juice and rind of one lemon. Beat the 
whites and yolks separately and then 
mix the yolks and the sugar slowly 
beating hard all the time, to these add 
the flour and the whites alternately 
just folding them in without beating. 
Lastly add the lemon and bake very 
quickly in a loaf. 



GINGER CAKE. 

Two pounds of flour, one of butter 
and lard mixed. (I sometimes use 
altogether lard.) One pound of sugar, 
light brown is best, one pint of molas- 
ses, three ounces of ground ginger, one j 
teaspoon of cinnamon, and one tea- 
spoon of soda. Roll and cut into 
shapes. Caraven. 



Your money back 

if you are not satisfied 

DO YOU SUPPOSE that a company with a capital of $500,000.00, paid In full, and the 

f)roud reputation of 36 years of continuous success, would make such an offer and not carry 
t out to the letter? 

DO YOU SUPPOSE we would jeopardize our standing with the public and our chances 
Of still greater success by failing to fulfil any promise we make ? 

DO YOU SUPPOSE we would make such an offer if we did not have the utmost confi- 
dence in the satisfying quality of our goods ? 

WE KNOW we can please you and save you money, for HAYNER WHISKEY goes 
direct from our distillery to you, with all its original richness and flavor, carrying a UNITED 
STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUARANTEE of PURITY and AGE and saving 
you the big profits of the dealers. That's why it's best for medicinal purposes. That's why 
it's preferred for other uses. That's why we are regularly supplying over a quarter of a 
million satisfied customers. That's why YOU should try it. 

Direct from our distillery to YOU 

Saves Dealers' Profits I Prevents Adulteration ! "^^ 

HAYMER WHISKEY 

PURE SEVEN -YEAR -OLD RYE 



4 FULL $0 
QUARTS O 



!20 EXPRESS 
PREPAID 



We will send you FOUR FULL QUARTS of HAYNER'S SEVEN-YEAR- 
OLD RYE for $3.20, and we will pay the express charges. When you receive 
the whiskey, try it and if you don't find it all right and as good as you ever 
drank or can buy from any body else at any price, then send it back at our 
expense and your S3. 20 will be returned to you by next mail. How could 
an offer be fairer? We take all the risk and stand all the expense, if 
the goods do not please you. Won't you let us send you a trial order? We 
Ship in a plain sealed case; no marks to show what's inside. 

Orders for Ariz., Cal., Col., Idaho^ Mont, Nev., N. Mex., Ore., Utah, Wash. 
or Wyo., must be on the basis of 4 Oaarts for S4.00 by llxpress 
Prepaid or 90 Quarts for S16.00 by Freisht Prepaia, 

Write our nearest office and do it NOW. 

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COIHPANY 



ATUNTAi GA. DAYTON, OHIO 

150 DiSTUXSBY. Tbot, O. 



ST. LOUIS, MO. ST. PAUL. MINN. 

ESTABLISHBD 1866. 




CHARTERED 1870. 

MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANE 

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 
Capital Stock, . _ - $200,000.00 

Surplus and Profits, - - $672,445.75 

Designated Depository of the United States, City of Richmond and Commonwealth 

of Virginia. 
Being the Largest Depository for Banl£S bet\yeen Baltimore and New Orleans, this 

Bank offers superior facilities for direct and quick collections. 
JNO. P. BEANCH, JNO. K. BRANCH, JOHN F. GLESN, 



President 



Vice-President. 



Cashier. 



■ UGHTNING SCALES . 

COMPOUND BE«M ON 4LL W4G ' 
ON seal ES, TIMBER SPECIfl 
C4T10N', AND WORKING PIANS 
■-URNISHED FREE 
:VERy SCALE GUSBSNTEED. 






|<y KANSASOTY HAY PRESS COT^M 




1903.] 



THE SOUTHEHN PLANTER 



735 



••Thanksgiving Supplies •• 




AI J. s. 



INC. 



1724 E. MAIN ST., (Cor. 18th,) RICHMOND, VA. 



We furnish everything to eat for man and beast, at the lowest pos- 
sible prices. Send us a trial order. Satisfaction guaranteed. 
Prices subject to market fluctuations. Order now. 
Remember, we are Wholesale and Retail Qro= 

cers, Feed and Liquor Dealers. / / / / / 



Levering Coffee 10 

Granulated Sugar, per lb i'i 

Light Brown Sugar, per lb il 

Daisy Coffee, per lb 10 

Arbuclde's Coffee, per lb 11 

Best Green Tea, per lb 75 

Choice Green Tea, per lb 60 

Best Black Tea, per lb 50 

Good Green Tea, per lb 40 & 50 

Good Black Tea, per lb 40 

Mixed Tea, per lb 30, 40 & 50 

Fair Black Tea, per lb 25 

Best Rice, per lb 8 

Good Rice, per lb 5 

Pure Leaf Lard, per lb 10 

Good Lard, per lb., 9c.; 3 lbs 25 

Cooked Sliced Ham, per lb 12^ 

Good Salt Pork, per lb 7 

Choice Salt Pork, per lb 9 

Best Salt Pork, per lb 11 

Best Potted Ham and Tongue. 

per can 4 

Chipped Beef, one-half lb 10 

New N. C. Cut Herrings, dozen 

lOc; or bbl 4 25 

New N. C. Roe Herrings, dozen, 

18c.; or bbl., $5.; or * bbl 2 75 

Our Pride of Richmond Flour, per 

bbl 4 75 

Our Daisy Flour, per bbl 4 25 

Our Excelsior Flour, per bbl 4 00 

Fresh Soda Crackers, per lb 5 

Ginger Snaps, per lb 5 

New Mixed Nuts, per lb 12 J 

Cocoanuts, 5c. ; or, per 100 3 50 



Fresh Mixed Cakes, per lb 8 

6 bars Colgate's Octagon Soap. ... 25 

7 bars Octagon Shape Soap, 10 oz. 25 

10 bars Moon Soap, 8 oz 25 

12 bars Hustler Soap, 8 oz. cakes. 25 

Lenox Soap, 7 bars 25 

Small California Hams, per lb.... 9 

Good Salmon, per can, 9c.; 3 cans. 25 

Large Mackerel, each 10 

Large Can Good Tomatoes 8 

Large Can Best Tomatoes 9 

2-Ib. can Best Tomatoes, can 6 

Large Juicy Lemons, dozen 15 

Green Coffee, per lb.. 9c.; 3 lbs. . . 25 

Qt. Mason .Jars of Light Syrup... 10 

i gal. can Light Syrup 20 

1 gal. can Light Syrup 40 

I bbl. Clipped Herrings 2 75 

200 lbs. Sack Salt 85 

100 lbs. Sack Salt 45 

Best Full Cream Cheese, per lb... 16 

Swiss Cheese, per lb 20 

Lump Starch, per lb 4 

Evaporated Peaches, per lb s) 

Prunes. 7 lbs 25 

Malta Vita, box 12 

Can Corn, 4 cans 25 

New Currants. 1 lb. pkge.. 12c.; 8 

oz. pk.ge 8 

Beans, bushel, $2.75; per qt 9 

Buckwheat, per lb., 5c.; 6 lbs 25 

Seeded Raisins, 1-lb pkge 9 

Mother's Oats, pkge 9 

Quaker Oats, pkge 10 

Elgin Butter, per lb 25 



Country Butter, per lb 22 

Irish Potatoes, bushel 85 

Best Water Ground Meal, per pk . . 20 

Best Water Ground Meal, bush... 70 
Best Ship Stuff, per 100, $1.20; per 

ton 23 00 

Best Bran or Brown Stutf. per 100.1 10 

Best Mixed Oats, per bush 48 

Best No. 1 Timothy Hay, per ton. 17 00 

Porto Rico Molasses, per gal 35 

New Orleans Molases, per gal.... 50 

Good Dark Molasses, per gal 20 

Maple Syrup, ?. pint 10 

3 plugs of any kind of 10c. tobacco 

for 23c.: such as Peach, Plum, 

Sun Cured. Grape. Reynold's, 

and other brands. 



CHOICE WINES AND LIQUORS. 

Moore's Crown, fine, per gal $3 00 

Moore's Excelsior, fine, per gal.. 2 00 
Moore's Keystone, 3 years old, 

lier gal 2 50 

Pare Virginia Apple Brandy, per 

gal 3 00 

Maryland Apple Brandy, per gal. 2 25 

Best Gin. per gal 2 50 

Good Gin. per gal 2 00 

Best N. C. Corn Whiskey, per gal. 2 00 

Blackberry Wine, per gal 46 

McDermott's Malt Whiskey, per 

bottle 80 

Wilson Whiskey, per bottle 1 00 

Jas. E. Pepper Whiskey, bottle.. 1 00 
O'Grady's Malt Whiskey, per bot. 80 



73d 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[November 



BARBED WIRE: 

4-Point Galvanized, 500 Pound Lots, 2| Cents. 

ASHTON STARRE, Richmond, Virginia. 
For Immediate Orders. 



The Review of Reviews is keeping 
up its reputation as tlie best interpre- 
ter of the news of the day among our 
monthly journals. The November 
number deals with the postal investi- 
gation, the fall elections, the recent ex- 
posures of "high finance" in trust or- 
ganization, the Panama Canal situa- 
tion, the award of the Alaska boun- 
dary tribunal, the protectionist move- 
ment in England, and the issue in the 
Far East between Russia and Japan. 
Contributed articles describe "Men 
and Issues of the New York City Cam- 
paign," just closing; "The Nation's 
Print Shop and Its Methods" — includ- 
ing a review of the famous "Miller 
case" and its outcome and the whole 
question of the status of labor unions 
in the Government Printing Office; 
"The Fort Riley Maneuvers," which 
began on October 15th; "The New 
Springfield Rifle and the Improvement 
in Small Arms"; "Galveston's Great 
Sea Wall"; and "The Rebirth of the 
Japanese Language and Literature" — 
a history of the movement for the 
adoption of the Roman character in 
writing and printing, in place of the 
Chinese systems of picture-writing. 
Dr. George F. Kunz writes an authori- 
tative account of the discovery of ra- 
dium, and the uses and properties of 
that wonderful element. In this num- 
ber also appears the defense of Rus- 
sia's policy in Finland, which was ad- 
dressed last month by Minister de 
Plehve to Mr. W. T. Snead. Alto- 
gether a typically "live" number. 



ON THE INSTALMENT PLAN. 

Mrs. Browne. — "Oh, what lovely wed- 
ding presents! Such beautiful silver- 
ware and such rare china! Wasn't it 
nice to get such presents?" 

Mrs. Greene. — "Yes, it was; but we 
are now beginning to pay for them on 
the Instalment plan." 

Mrs. Browne. — "Pay for them? On 
the instalment plan? Why, Mrs. 
Greene, what do you mean?" 

Mrs. Greene. — "Why, the young peo- 
ple who gave us wedding presents are 
getting married, and we have to sen'^ 
them wedding presents." — November 
LippincoW$. 



THIRD ANNUAL SHOW 

—OF THE— 

Virginia Poultry, Pigeon, and Pet Stock Association, 

RICHMOND, VA,, November 23-28, 1903, 

IN MASONIC TEMPLE. 

Classification embraces Poultry, Dogs, Pigeons, and all kiuds of Pet Stock. Lib- 
eral Cash Prize*. Guarantee fund iasures prompt payment of premiums. 
PREMIUM LIST NO>V READY. 
GEO. EWALD of Cincinnati, Judge of Pigeon and Pet Stock. 
GKO. O. BROWN of Baltimore, Judge of Poultry. 
Entries Close Nov. 12. For Premium List, address 

FRANK JENKINS. Secretary, 517 W. Broad St., Richmond, Va. 



FARM LABOR 



Puuips, Windmills, 
Rams, Tanks. . .• 

SYDNOR PUMP 
& WELL CO., 

(fNCORPO«ATED). 

Box 949. Richmond, Va. 



is so hard to get nowa- 
days that every farmer 
appreciates the neces- 
sity of using labor sav- 
iing devices, such as 
and '1 ~ Gasoline, Pumping and 
HORSE- POWER. Wood-sawing Engines. 




*. Scotch Collies .. 

A litter of five pedigreed pups, from 
driving parents, sable and tri-colored. 

Also BUFF PLYMOUTH ROCK 
CHICKENS. Farm raised. No other 
breed. T. M. WADE, 

Lexington, Va. 



COLLIE PUPS 



By Imported Sires. Sable and white and tri- 
colors. Prices. $8 to 81 5. Older ones correspond- 
ingly low- Book on Training, 50 cents: Free If 
you buy a Collie. MAPLEMONT STQi K FARM' 
Albany, Vermont. 



A neat Binder for your back nam- 
beri can be had for 26 cents. AddreH 
our Business Office. 



"Crop Growing 
and Crop Feeding." 

By Prof. W. f. massey. 
383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper, 50c. 



We offer thla splendid work In connae- 
tlon with the SOUTHERN PLANTER 
at the following prices: 

Southern Planter and Cloth 

Bound Volume, $1.26. 
Southern Planter and Paper 

Bound Volume, 90c. 
Old or new ■ubscrlptloas. 



19Q3.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



737 



A. C. SINTON, President, 



R. R. GWATHMEY. Vice-President, 
Jt j$ ^ j^ Jt 



J. J. SUTTON, Secretary, 



ESTABLISHED 1840. 




The watt PLOW CO., 

15th & Franklin and 14th & Main Sts., Richmond, Va. 

Agricultural Implements, 
Machinery, Vehicles and 
Harness. ^ ^ ^ ^ 



INCORPORATED 1893. 



PEERLESS ENGINE. 




HOCKING VALLEY FEED CUTTER. 



DAIN CORN CUTTER. 




STAR SWEEP MILL. 






8KCT10N8 OF WIRE FENCE. 



A full Stock always on hand, and 
prompt shipments guaranteed. South 
Bend, Dixie and Farmer's Friend 
Plows and repairs. The Hancock Ro- 
tary Disc Plow, warranted to go in 
the ground where all others fail. 

Hocking Valley Feed Cutters, Cy- 
clone Shredders, Smalley Feed Cutters, 
Dain Corn Cutters. Equal to any made. 
Staver Buckeye Feed Mill and Horse 
Power Combined. Star Sweep Mill. 
Either grinds corn on cob or shelled. 

Whitman All-Steel, full circle Hay 
Presses. George Ertel Company's full 
circle Hay Presses. Rapid Fire Horse 
Power Hay Press, for one horse, a good, 
cheap press. Will put up from 150 to 
200 bales a day. The well known Min- 
nich Brand Baling Presses. 

Hocking Valley Wine and Cider 
Mills. Hard wood rollers. The best 
mill made. 

Hocking Valley Corn Shellers, for 
hand or power. Smalley Electric Pole 
and Wood Saws, for steam or horse 
.power. Peerless Engines and Saw 
Mills always in stock. Several good 
second-hand Engines and other second- 
hand machinery for sale. "Pittsburgh 
Perfect" fencing, electrically welded. 
See cuts showing weld. Barb Wire, 
Plain Galvanized Wire, Baling Wire 
and Bale Ties. Continental Disc Har- 
rows, Buffalo and Lean Spike Harrows. 

The celebrated Columbus, Ohio, Bug- 
gies, Carriages, Runabouts, and Traps. 

Farm Wagons and Delivery Wagons, 
a complete stock. 

Correspondence solicited. 




SPIKE HARROW. 

1 








738 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



[November 




The following list of papers and periodicals 
are the most popular ones In this section. 
We can SAVE YOU MONEY on whatever 
journal you wish. 



DAILIES. 

Price. With 
Alone. Planter. 

Times- Dispatch, Richmond, Va $5 00 J6 00 

The Post, Washington, D. C 6 00 6 00 

The Sun, Baltimore, Md 3 00 3 40 

News-Leader, Richmond, Va 800 SOO 

TRI-WBEKLY. 
The World (thrlce-a-week), N. Y. ... 1 00 1 25 

WEEKLIES. 

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00 

Harper's Bazaar 100 140 

Montgomery Advertiser 100 190 

Nashville American 60 76 

The Baltimore Sun 1 00 1 35 

Breeder's Gazette 2 00 176 

Hoards Dairyman 1 00 136 

Country Gentleman ...150 175 

Religious Herald, Richmond, Va 2 00 2 25 

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va 1 00 1 25 

Christian Advocate, " " 160 175 

Central Presbyterian, " " 2 00 2 25 

Horseman 3 00 3 00 

MONTHLIES. 

Wool Markets and Sheep 50 76 

Dairy and Creamery 60 75 

Commercial Poultry 60 75 

▲11 three 1 60 1 15 

North American Review 600 500 

The Century Magazine 4 00 4 25 

Bt. Nicholas Magazine 3 00 3 26 

Lippincott's Magazine 2 60 2 50 

Harper's Magazine i 4 00 4 00 

Forum Magazine 3 00 3 25 

Scribner's Magazine 3 00 3 25 

Frank Leslies Magazine 1 00 1 35 

Cosmopolitan Magazine 100 135 

Everybody's Magazine 100 135 

Munsey Magazine 100 135 

Strand Magazine 1 26 1 65 

McClure's Magazine 100 136 

Argosy Magazine 100 135 

Review of Reviews 2 60 2 75 

Blooded Stock 50 60 

Successful Farming . 1 00 75 

Southern Fruit Grower 50 85 

Where you desire to subscribe to two or 
more of the publications named, you can ar- 
rive at the net subscription price by deduct- 
ing 50 cents from "our price with the 
PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to 
•By other publications not listed here, write 
UB and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or 
■et subscription rates. 

Subscribers whose time does not expire 
«ntll later can take advantage of our club 
rates, and have their subscription advanced 
•ne year from date of expiration of their 
subscription to either the PLANTER or any 
•f the other publications mentioned. 

Don't hesitate to write us for any informa- 
tion desired; we will cheerfully answer any 
•errespondence. 

We furnish NO SAMPbB COPIES of other 
f Iw1l< all 



M Honse of the Mh. 



RED 

CLOVER, 

nAMMOTH 

CLOVER, 

CRinSON 

CLOVER, 

WHITE 

CLOVER, 

LUCERNE 

CLOVER, 

ALSYKE 

CLOVER, 

BOKHARA 

CLOVER, 

JAPAN 



BUR 



CLOVER, 
CLOVER, 




TinOTHV, 

ORCHARD 

GRASS, 

RED TOP or 

HERDS GRASS, 

KENTUCKY 

BLUB GRASS, 

RANDALL 

GRASS, 

TALL MEADOW 

OAT GRASS, 

JOHNSON 

GRASS. 

GERriAN 

MILLET, 

BUCKWHEAT, 

OATS and 

CANE SEED. 



"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap." 

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of every 
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are 

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS. 

^ ^ ^ WE ALSO SELL 

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers 

For Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c. 

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and 
Fertilizing Materials generally. 

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods. 
Samples sent by mail when desired. 



Wm. A. Miller & Son, ^ 



1016 Main Street, 
LYNCHBURG, VA. 



Headquarters for 
Nursery Stock. 



WHOLESALE 

AND 

RETAIL. 



We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders. 
ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME. 



Apples, 


Nectarines, 


Pecans, 


Ornamental and 


Pears, 


Cherry, 


Chestnuts, 


Shade Trees, 


Peach, 


Quinces, 


Walnuts. 


Evergreens, 


Plum, 


Almonds, 


Small Fruits, 


Roses, Etc 


Apricots 








CALIFORNIA 


PRIVET, lor Hedging. 




WRITE FOR CATALOGU 



AGENTS WANTED. 



^ FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., Baltimore, Md. «|> 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



739 



WHY USE DANGEROUS BARB WIRE 

WHEN AN 

AHRACTIVE WOVEN 
WIRE FENCE 

CAN BE BOUGHT AT EVEN 
LESS COST? 

THE AMERICAN FIELD FENCING is made m many heif^hts ami sUles for 
turning the smallest to the largest animal. Write for special catalogue and prices. 





ja 


























55 INCH. 


-_, 






























4i 


IV. 


' T 




























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TO. 


i' 


• 




„ 


























S2 


IN. 


1 


T 




■' 


























26 


IN. 


* 






























_. 20 


JN. 


C% 




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■ i 


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■ -ft-a 


\- 






























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9 


II]LH^^-j;;^s=^^ 


pajssi 










The Ohio Feed and Ensil- 
age Cutters. Built for Strength and 

Rapid Cutting. Furnished with either cutter 
or shredder head, or both, aad with blower 
or elevator when desired. Special catalogue 
mailed free. 




IDEAL FEED MILLS AND POWER combined grinds all kinds of shell 
grain as well as corn and cob. THE POWER attachment is very valuable for 
RUNNING WOOD SAWS AND OTHER MACHINERY. 

IDEAL DUPLEX PEED MILLS for steam power are very strong and 
grind rapidly. 




Triple Geared Feed Mill and Power Combined. 





No. 19. 1-horse ungeared feed mill, grinds com 
■»j««r.»«oo.«m.««,.^s^.,..^^ and cob and shell grain. Price, $16.00. 

THE FOWLER DISC PLOW will not choke in thick, rank No. 20. 2-horse ungeared feed mill, grinds com 

weeds or briars. Cuts a furrow 12 inches deep and 14 inches and cob and shell grain. Price, $19.00. 
wide with much less draft than any other plow. Only re- Special catalogues on application, 

quires two ordinary horses. 

BUGGIES, CARRIAGES, HARNESS, ROBES. WAGONS, CORN SHELLERS, WOOD SAWS, THE FULLEST 
STOCK OF AGRICULTURAL IMPI/EMENTS. 

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va. 



740 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[November 



Out Door Grown Roses 

Plant out in November and December while they are in a domant 

condition for best results. 



Our outdoor grown roses are larger, stronger, hardier and better rooted plants, and trive better and give much 
better results in every way than the plants started and grown in greenhouses as usually sold. 

OUR LIST INCLUDES THE BEST VARIETIES IN CULTIVATION. PRICE, 25C. EACH, $2.50 PER DOZEN. 



HYBRID PERPETUAL ROSES. 
These make a larger growth, larger flowers, and bloom 
more profusely than the Tea or Monthly Roses, but do not 
bloom so continuously throughout the year. While they 
are in bloom, however, they make a more showy and mag- 
nificent display, and the individual flowers are larger and 
handsomer. 

GEN. JACQUEMINOT. Crimson; fine. Makes very attrac- 
tive flowers, both in color and form. 
PAUL NERON. Large flowers; pink; flnely scented; one 

of the very best. 
ALF. COLOMB. Cherry red; splendid. 
MAGNA CHARTA. Beautiful dark pink; bushes literally 

covered with roses. 
COQUETTE DES ALPBS. Pure white; free bloomer. 

Makes beautiful cut flowers. 
MARGARET DICKSON. Fine, pure waxy white. Pro- 
nounced one of the finest white roses in cultivation. 
ANNA DE DIESBACH. Brilliant carmine; fine flowers. 
VICTOR VERDIER. Rosy carmine; large flowers. 
PRINCE CAMELLE DE ROHAN. Deep rich velvety crim- 
son. One of the best dark crimson roses. 
CAROLINE TESTOUT. An exquisite free blooming pink 

rose. 
ULRICH BRUNNER. Color rich glowing crimson, ele- 
gantly flamed with scarlet, flowers full and globular, 
popular everywhere. 

BOURBON AND CHINA ROSES. 
Very desirable free blooming hardy roses. 
HERMOSA. Deep pink; very profuse bloomer. 
AGGRIPINA. Brilliant red, showy and sweet. 

EVERBLOOMING TEA OR MONTHLY ROSES. 
The Tea Roses bloom continuously throughout the year, 
and make beautiful buds and cut flowers, but do not make 
as large a mass of blooms at one time as the Hybrid Per- 
petual, nor do they make as vigorous a growth of bush. 
ETIOLB DE LYON. Rich golden yellow, very desirable. 
SAFRANO. Orange yellow, tinted with rose. 
CATHERINE MERMET. Beautiful pink; a splendid rose. 
WHITE MAMAN COCHET, ( Finest outdoor tea roses; 
PINK MAMAN COCHET, 1 beautiful buds and flowers. 

These two Maman Cochet Roses should be in every col- 
lection. 

Address all orders to 



CHAMPION OF THE WORLD. Classed as one of the 
greatest everblooming roses in cultivation; color deep 
rich rosy pink; hardy and of vigorous growth. 

KAISERIN AUGUSTA VICTORIA. White; fine buds and 
flowers. 

THE BRIDE. Lovely pure white. 

CLOTHILDE SOUPERT. Color ivory white, shaded with 
rose; beautiful and remarkably free bloomer. 

BRIDESMAID. Color fine clear dark pink; fine buds. 

LA FRANCE. Light silvery pink, delicious fragrance. 

METEOR. Rich velvety crimson; makes fine cut flowers. 

PAPA GONTIER. Color rich crimson; very fragrant and 
beautiful; makes large buds and flowers. 

ROBERT E. LEE. Color rich orange yellow; has long buds 
borne on long stems; very attractive. 

PRINCESS BONNIE. One of the finest dark colored Tea 
Roses; color solid crimson; a great favorite. 

MADAME LAMBARD. A fine Southern bedding rose; 
large flowers and free and constant bloomer; color beau- 
tiful shade of rosy bronze, shaded with carmine. 

IVORY. A pure white rose, which is in high favor to grow 
for cut flowers. 

GRUSS AN TEPLITZ. A fine bedding rose, remarkably 
profuse bloomer, color rich scarlet; fine foliage, and a 
very attractive variety. 

CLIMBING ROSES. 

REINE MARIE HENRIETTE. Cherry red; a beautiful 
rose, and gives the very best satisfaction in the South. 

CLIMBING METEOR. Produces deep rich velvety red 
flowers, free bloomer, and a flne climbing rose. 

GLORIE DE DIJON. Color rich creamy white; not en- 
tirely hardy. 

WHITE RAMBLER. Beautiful white climber; free foliage. 

CRIMSON RAMBLER. Bears clusters of crimson flowers. 

YELLOW RAMBLER. Earlier than the crimson; splendid. 

PINK RAMBLER. Vigorous growing; fine foliage. 

HELENE. Bears magnificent clusters of violet crimson 
flowers, larger than Crimson Rambler. 

DOROTHY PERKINS. A beautiful new climbing rose. 

JERSEY BEAUTY. The well-known type of Memorial 
Rose, flne foliage, of creeping or trailing habit, has 
large, yellow flowers, produced in clusters. 
Price of all varieties, 25c. each; $2.50 per dozen. 



HOLLYBROOK FARM, 



Richmond, Va. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



741 



Not all for the dollar! 



Something for reputation. 



ASHTON STARKE 

THE LARGEST AND FINEST LINE OF HARROWS TO BE HAD. 



RICHMOND, 
. VIRGINIA. 




BICKrORD and HUFFMAN WHEAT DRILLS: 

Feed Cutters and Ensilage Cutters. 

FROM THE LARGEST POWER CUTTER TO THE SMALLEST HAND CUTTER. 



RICHMOND ENGINE AND PUMP COMPANY: 

More oflour Gasoline Engines made and sold than any three 
of the largest factories in the country. 



THE SIMPLEST, 
THE STRONGEST, 
THE BEST, 
THE HOST 

POWERFUL. 
NO OTHER ENGINE f 
COnPARES WITH IT. 




ENDORSED BY THE 
NATIONAL BOARD 
OF FIRE INSURANCE 
UNDFR-WRITERS 
AFTER 194 TESTS. 



PUMPS FOR HAND AND POWER. HYDRAULIC RAMS TANKS AND TOWERS. 

The Duplex Grinding Feed Mills, a specialty. 



742 



THE SOUTHEKTnT PLANTEE. 



[November 



75 HEAD 

..GOOD GRADE CATTLE. 

FOR &ALE. Will average 1,000 lbs or 
more. Well suited for export another 
year. A. D REYNOLDS, Bristol, Tenn. 

1,000,000 Cabbage Plants at $1.50 Per M. 

EARLY JERSEY WAKEFIELD, 
CHARLESTON, SUCCESSION and 
"FOTTLER'S IMPROVED BRUNS- 
WICK." 

50,000 Dahlia and Canna Bulbs. 
MARK T. THOMPSON, Rio Vista, Va. 

Mention the Southern Planter when 
corresponding with advertisers. 

A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business OflSce. 



AN INTERNAL DIFFICULTY. 

Little Archie Richards, at the close 
of the Thanksgiving dinner, sat at the 
table with his face suffused with tears. 
His mother was greatly troubled. With 
a sweet smile and with gentle intona- 
tion she put one arm around her little 
baby boy and asked, — 

"What is it mamma's little darling 
wants?" 

But "mamma's little darling" con- 
tinued to cry. 

Mamma made another effort to find 
out the trouble. 

"Does mamma's baby boy want some 
more cake?" she asked. 

"No'm',' said the child, while the 
tears continued to flow. 

"Does he want some more pie?" she 
further inquired. 

"No'm." he further replied. 

"We'll," said the mother, making a 
last effort to reach his case, "tell mam- 
ma what baby wants." 

The little boy managed somehow to 
say between sobs, "I wants some of 
this out I've got in."- 



The RICHMOND. FREDERICKSBURG 

and POTOMAC R. R. 
and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y 

Form the Link connecting the 
Atlantic Coast Line R. R., 
Baltimore and Oliio R. R., 
Chesapeake and Ohio R'y, 
Pennsylvania R. R., 
Seaboard Air Line R'y 
and Southern R'y. 

Between all points, via Richmond, Va. 

Fast Mall, Passenger and Express Route be- 
tween Richmond, Fredericksburg, Alexan- 
dria, Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, 
New York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo and All 
Points North, East and West. 

W. P. TAYLOR, Traffic Manager.Richmond, Va. 



GEO 



:0.*WATT.',8lo. ... IMPLEMENTS & MACHINERY ... "ctnT M^aa*'"- 




DISC DRILLS. (All Sizes.) THE NEW MOLINE. WOOD AND STEEL ROLLERS. 

PLOWS AND PLOW REPAIRS of all kinds. We make plows for all purposes and sell them on their merits. 

FEED AND ENSILAGE CUTTERS, CORN SHELLERS, ENGINES, SAW MILLS, CORN AND COB MILLS, 
ETC., ETC. 
We solicit inquires for anything desired. Write for circulars. 

13 So. Fifteenth Street, 
Between Main and Cary- 



RICHMOND, VA. THE CALL=WATT CO. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



743 



COURSES IN AGRICULTURF: AT 
THE UNIVERSITY OF TEN- 
NESSEE. 



Practical Courses of Instruction in the 
Art and Science of Agriculture for 
Southern Farmers. Ten Weeks' Win- 
ter Course, January 4 to March 15, 
1904. 
One and two years' practical courses 

of ten weeks each are offered in the 

following subjects: 

1. Agriculture and Chemistry: Soil 
culture, farm crops, fertilizers and 
cereal judging. 

2. Animal Husbandry: Breeding, 
feeding and judging live stock. 

3. Dairy Husbandry; Butter and 
cheese making, milk testing, and dairy 
machinery. 

4. Horticulture and Botany: Prun- 
ing, gardening, orcharding, spraying 
and plant diseases. 

5. Veterinary Science: Anatomy and 
physiology, hygiene and treatment of 
diseases. 

6. Mechanic Arts: Wood and iron 
working and farm buildings. 



HEARD IN GERMANY. 

A German lady of recent widowhood 
encountered much difficulty in fram- 
ing an inscription for her dead hus- 
band's tombstone. After endless con- 
sultations with her friends and neigh- 
bors this was the one she selected: 

"Rest in peace — until we meet 
again." — November Lippincott's. 



The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway 

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and 
THROUGH ITS CONNECTIONS.... 

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis, 

Sandusky and Cleveland ; 
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus; 
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima 
and Dayton — 

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT ^"Ji^rf S^VuVlTsr' ROUTE. 

Xo STAVNXOX, LVNCHBURG, CHARLOTTESVILLE, 
RICHMOIVD, PETERSBXJRC;, IVORFOLK, 

And Principal Virginia Points. 

H. W. FULLER, Oen, Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C. 

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the 
Southein Planter. 




WAGONS and BUGGIES 

MADE 

RIGHT HERE 

AT HOME 

BY 

The BARBOUR BUGGY CO., 
The HUGHES BUGGY CO., 
The VIRGINIA WAGON CO. j 

These vehicles are guaranteed to be as good as can be bought elsewhere; material and 
workmanship unsurpassed; all sizes and styles, prices low. We can save you time, 
money and freight by purchasing our vehicles. Send for our illustrated catalogues. 
Drop in our warehouse and inspect our stock. Inquiries cheerfully answered. 

AGENTS rOR DEERING MACHINES. 

RICHMOND BUGQY & WAGON CO., 1433 E. Main Street, RICHMOND, VA. 

J. T- DUNN, Manager. 




All of Virginia. 



744 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[November 



MISSOURI STATE HORTICULTU- 
RAL SOCIETY. 

The Missouri State Horticultural So- 
ciety's 46th annual meeting will be 
held at Columbia, Missouri, Decem- 
ber 8-9-10, 1903, and promises to be the 
greatest meeting the Society has ever 
held. 

The dedication of the new Horticul- 
tural Building will be a feature of the 
meeting, and an opportunity will be 
given to all to see some of the work 
of the Department of Horticulture and 
Experiment Station. 

The program is now being prepared, 
and if you have any suggestions to 
make please do so at once. 

We are expecting many of our best 
workers and some of our best teachers 
to help on the program, some of them 
from the Eastern States. 

L. A. GrOODMAN, Secretary, 

Kansas City. 



THERE WERE ENOUGH INSIDE. 
In England, the lord chancellor, by 
virtue of his office, has a right to in- 
spect all public asylums and hospitals. 
One day, while the late Lord Herschell 
was paying a visit at the house of a 
friend near Norwich, he went for an 
afternoon stroll, and, happening to 
pass by the great insane asylum at 
that place, the thought struck him 
that this was a good time to perform 
an official duty. Incidentally, it may 
be said that Herschell bore the repu- 



tation of being somewhat pompous at 
times. He knocked at the door, which, 
after a long delay, was opened by an 
attendant. 

"You can't come in," he was In- 
formed. "It's not visiting hours." 

"That makes no difference. I shall 
inspect this institution just the same." 

"Indeed, but you'll not." 



"Come, come, my good man, I'm the 
lord chancellor," Herschell expostu- 
lated. 

"Oh, that's all right," answered th© 
functionary, "we've four of you in- 
side already." — Success. 



Mention the Southern Planter whm 
corresponding with adrertisers. 



^ THE ^ 

SEABOARD 

AIR LINE RAILWAY 

OFFERS THE MANUFACTURER, 

THE STOCK RAISER, 
THE DAIRYMAN, 
THE FRUIT GROWER, 
THE TRUCKER. 



PROFITABLE 
INVESTMENTS 

TO^ 



■^^- 



WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN. 

Would a country where work can be carried on the entire year and where 
large profits can bo realized interest you? 

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and a 
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome illustrated 
literature descriptive of the section. 

J. B. WHITE, EDW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN, 

Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va. Traffio Mgr. Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Va 



Pedigrees traced and tabulated. Catalogues compiled and 
circulars prepared. Special attention given registration 
matters pertaining to thoroughbred and trotting horses. 



BT . . 



w. J. CARTER (Broad Rock), 



P.O. Box 929 RICHMOND, VA. 

Representing the .... 

The Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va. 
Southern Planter, Richmond, Va. 
Sports of the Times, New York. 
Rider and Driver, New York. 
Kentucky Stock Farm, Lexington, Ky. 
Breeder and Sportsman, San Francisco, Cal. 

REFERENCES:— Mr. A. B. Gwathmey, Cotton Exchange, 
New York; Mr. W. N. Wilmer, of Wilmer & Canfleld, Law- 
yers, 49 Wall St., New York; Col. K. M. Murchison, Banker, 
Wilmington, N. C; Mr. L. Banks Holt, Proprietor Oneida 
Cotton Mills and Alamance Farm, Graham, N. C; Maj. P. P. 
Johnson, President National Trotting Association, Lexing- 
ton, Ky.; Capt. R. J. Hancock, Ellerslie Stud Farm, Char- 
lottesville, Va.; Sam'l Walton, Walton Farm, Falls Mills, 
Va.; R. J. Reynolds, President R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., 
Winston, N. C; Hon. Henry Fairfax, Aldie, Va. 



AQNEL, 3S033. 

Bay stallion, foaled 1900; sired by Guardsman 19355, re- 
cord 2:23J; dam the great brood mare Zeta, dam of Miss 
Duke, 2:13, etc., by Red Wilkes. 

AGNEL has fine size and is a grand looking young horse, 
he is richly bred and has the action of a trotter. 

Fee $15.00 the season. 

BEN. W. SOUTHERLAND, Mt. Olive, N. C. 



AINSLIE CARRIAGE CO., 

Nos. 8, 10 and 12 Tenth St., RICHMOND, VA. 



Building Carriages to order is our special business. Re- 
pairing and Repainting done, and best material used. A 
full line of all the latest styles. Orders for all classes of 
Vehicles solicited. Write for prices. 



WHALEBONE, 7872. 

Sired by Abdallah Wilkes, son of George Wilkes, 2:22, 
dam Maggie O., by Abdallah, 15, sire of Goldsmith Maid, 
2:14; second dam Viley Filly, by Pilot, Jr., sire of dam of 
Maud S. 2:08|. 

Note. — Whalebone is a richly colored bay horse of fine 
size, handsome and well formed. His disposition is perfect. 
He has sired Visitor, 2 : 26 J, and other winners. 

FEE, $15, with usual return privilege. 

W. C. McMACKIN, Raleigh, N. C. 



=F O R S A L E== 

Thoroughbred Stallion 

ED. KEARNEY, 

Chestnut horse, 16.01 hands high, weight 1,150 pounds. By 
Tom Ochiltree; dam Medusa, by Sensation (see Amer. Stud 
Book). 

ED. KEARNEY was a fine race horse, and won a number 
of races both in the East and in California. He is a grand 
looker, and no horse sires liner colts from all classes of 
mares. Address 

(^ROBERT TAIT, Commercial Place, Norfolk, Va. 



Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS. 





HAND POWER CUTTER. 

These machines sell at sight. They have heavy fly 
wheels and make three cuts to each turn of the crank. 
They will cut hay, straw or lodder, and will cut from 
J4 to 2 Inches. They are shipped K. D., securing the 
lowest possible freight rates. 

LITTLE GIANT CORN SHHLLER. 

' The frame Is made of thoroughly dry hard wood. The 
joints mortised tenoned and belied." The bearings are 
bolted on the frame instead of screwed. The iron work 
is made from the verj' best material, every piece Is care- 
fully inspected before being put on. This machine is 
high-grade all the way through. It Is hand.somely 
painted, striped and varnished. 



ROSS.... 

Fodder Cutters, Fodder 
Shredders, Cuttersfor all 
purposes. Corn Shellers, 
Grinding Mills, Horse 
Powers and Wood Saws. 



"SCIENTIFIC FEED MILLS, All Sizes." 




The SCIENTIFIC Grinding Mills. 

Are unequalled for grinding ear corn, shucks on or off. 
Corn, Oats, Wheat and all other srrains <^in^^e or mixed. 






PCWER MILLS in five sizes. 

2 to 30 horse-power 

Scientific Sweep mils in five sizes, 

Geared— plain and combined, with 
horse-power. 

Aspinwall Planter*, Potato Sorters 
and Cutters. 



0TE£LJp- 
IRON. 



=^ 



Kemp's Improved Manure Spreader. Three Sizes. 



ELI BALING PRESSES. 

58 styles and sizes. For horse or steam power 
Write for prices and catalogues. 






Milwaukee Corn Huskerand Fodder Shredder, 



Read list of only a few of the many using the MIL- 
WAUKEE Husker: 



Has Steel Gears and Steel Clutches and Rolls Easily' 
Adjusted to all Conditions of Corn. 

With Blower or Carrier. Manufactured in 5 sizes : Large machines for 
threshermen, and small machines for farmers' own use. 




Virginia: 
R. L. Bruce, Medloclc. 
J. C. Segar, Lewiston. 
J. A. Graham, Hanover. 
L. E. Williams, Enfield. 
Julian Ruffln. '^'-' Church. 
~jm Church. 
J. -.foaddus, Old Church. 

H. S. Saunders, Shirley. 
Mrs. Alice Bransford, Shirley. 
C. C. Branch, Toano. 



M. li. Norvell, Island. 
S. D. Ivey, Petersburg. 
J. A. Maddox, Triangle. 
W. H. Walton, Rice Depot. 
T. S. Wilson, News Ferry. 
Geo. R. Land, Boydton. 

North Carolina: 

C. C. Moore, Charlotte, 

R. F. Broaddus, New Berne. 

Col. B. Cameron, Stagville. 



The above parties will cheerfully give you testimonials as 
to the merits of the MILWAUKEE. We are ready at all 
times to go in the field with any other husker made, and 
will guarantee the MILWAUKEE TO BE THE BEST 
MADE; and will also guarantee it to do more work than 
any other made, and SHELL LESS CORN, AND COST 
LESS FOR REPAIRS and last longer. Write the parties 
that are using them; also write for special circulars and 
testimonials we have, which will be sent with pleasure. 



HENING & NUOKOLS, 



Successors to 

CHAS. E. HUNTER, 



\m\ \. MOID SI.. RICiiND, n. 



The 



Northwestern 



MUTUAL LIFE 
INSURANCE CO. 



BILTMORE ESTATE, Landscape Dept. , Biltmore, N. C, March 9, J.903. 

Office of Superintendent. 
My policies in the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, which I have been carrying for a num- 
ber of years, appeal to me as the best investments I have ever made. If I wished to carry more insurance I 
would not care to go outside of this Company with a view of finding better security or greater dividends which 
are based on broad but conservative business principles. It is a pleasure to me to testify as to my impres- 
sions. C. D. Beadle. 

For rates and other Virginia and North Carolina testimonials, address, 

T. IIR6WD fiiRY. mm m\ loi no. m 1 1, \m i uin m. wmu. vino. 



STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES 

Are the inevitable reeult of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON- 
DITION POWDERS. If yon wish fat and smooth Cattle and healthy 
Milch Coirs, give 



DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS. 



For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS OM 
DZJCXE ZrSRVIB JLXm BONE Z.imBaENT-BeRt en earth for Man ex 

BeaaL Lari^ Bottle 26 cte. ; eyer3rvheTe. 

— OWBN5 * MINOR DRUG CO., Rlchmeni, V«. 



VIRQINIA^C AROLINA CH EMICAL CO 

Southern Manufacturers 

OF 

^ FERTILIZERS ^ 



So^J^^i^^:} 






irmers. 



THE FACTS: 

Largest makers of Fertilizers! 
Largest producers of material! 

THE RESULTS: 

Better Fertilizers! Lowering prices! 
Increasing sales I 



Sales Offices: RICHHOND, Va., NORFOLK, VA., DURHAM, N. C. 
AGENTS, - - - - EVERYWHERE, 



The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA Z- 



JOHN 8. KLLEIT, President. WM. M- HILL, Cashier. 
PITAL, $500,000. SURPLUS. $240,000- 
MOND. . - - VIRGINIA.