■ I Established 1840. THE Sizty-F^trth Year. Southern Planter A MONTHLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture, Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside. OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY, S ' Proprietors. J. P. JACKSON, Editor and deneral Manager. Vol. 64. FEBRUARY, 1903. No. 2. CONTENTS. FARM MANAGEMENT: Editorial— Work for the Month 81 " Manure Saving " _ 85 Wheat Growing 86 Clearing Up Waste Land in Eastern Virginia 86 Enquirer's Column (Detail Index, page 113) 88 TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD : Editorial— Work for the Month 96 Garden and Orchard Notes 97 Sweet Potato Growing 99 Notes on Varieties of Apples at the Agricultural Experiment Station, Blacksburg, Va 100 The Spring Garden 102 LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY : Devon Cattle 103 Black-Leg in Cattle..! 104 The Status in Aberdeen-Angus Cattle 104 Dairying in Southside Virginia. 105 Polled Durhame 105 THE POULTRY YARD : Editorial—Hatching Chickens 106 Artificial Incubation 106 Feeding for Eggs 107 Green Bones 107 THE HORSE Notes 108 MISCELLANEOUS : Forestry— Practical 109 Live Stock a Necessity 109 Tidewater (Virginia) Notes 110 Notes Ill Beading Farmers... - 111 Proposed Stock Law for the State of Virginia 112 The Chestnut Going 112 Publisher's Notks 113 Advertisements 113 «- SUBSCRIPTION, 80c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE. -«■ Established 1840. THE SixtysJF 85 Wheat Growing 86 Clearing Up Waste Land in Eastern Virginia 86 Enquirer's Column (Detail Index, page 113) 88 TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD : Editorial— Work for the Month 96 Garden and Orchard Notes 97 Sweet Potato Growing 99 Notes on Varieties of Apples at the Agricultural Experiment Station, Blacksburg, Va 100 The Spring Garden 102 LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY : Devon Cattle 103 Black-Leg in Cattle..: 104 The Status in Aberdeen-Angus Cattle 104 Dairying in Southside Virginia. 105 Polled Durhame 105 THE POULTRY YARD : Editorial— Hatching Chickens . Artificial Incubation Feeding for Eggs Green Bones THE HORSE Notes MISCELLANEOUS : Forestry — Practical Live Stock a Necessity Tidewater (Virginia) Notes , Notes , Beading Farmers Proposed Stock Law for the State of Virginia. The Chestnut Going Publisher's Notks Advertisements , 106 106 107 107 108 109 109 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 m~ SUBSCRIPTION, 80c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE.-^ ii Ahead of them all and room to spare. The STAR The finest Corn Planter made. ASHTON STARKE, RICHMOND, VA. 99 Drops or Drills CORN, PEAS, BEANS any number t of grains any | distances. With or without fertilizer hopper, with runner o r hoe opener. See every grain as it falls to the ground. rq«THB TOBA CCO CROP USE 44 STAR BRAND" GUANO, IT'S THE BEST. ALLISON & ADDISON, TSKTSfc ~ ... Richmond, Va., Ml»l»CinT)/Bg».«i The Southern Planter. DEVOTED TO PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE, TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE. Agriculture Is the nursing mother of the Arts.—XENOPHON. Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. --SULLY. 64th Year. Richmond, February, 1903. No. 2. Farm Management. WORK FOR THE MONTH. At the opening of a new crop year it may be of in- terest and advantage that we review what was done in the way of crop production in the Southern States during the year just ended. Lessons may be learnt from a consideration of this question which may re suit in much benefit, and a comparison of these results with what has been done elsewhere may lead to efforts for greater results in the future. The past year, it may be remarked, was in the Sooth, on the whole, a fairly normal one, so far as weather and climatic conditions were concerned, except in respect to the wheat and winter oat crops which suffered severely from very late seeding in the fall of 1901, owing to the wet con- dition of the land and also from severe weather in the early winter. The area planted in corn in Virginia in 1902 was 1,879,348 acres ; the yield per acre was 22 bushels ; the crop produced was 41,345,656 bushels of the value of $21, 499, 741. The area planted in corn in North Carolina was 2,706,682 acres ; the yield per acre was 13 bus'hels ; the crop produced was 87,622,880 bushels of the value of $22, 573, 728. The area planted to corn in South Carolina was 1,825,837 acres ; the yield per acre was 10 bushels ; the crop produced was 18,988,705 bushels of the value of $13,102,206. The area planted in corn in Maryland was 628,982 acres ; the yield per acre was 32 bushels ; the crop produced was 20,379,017 bushels of the value of $10,393,299. In Tennessee the area planted in corn was 3,337,047 acres ; the yield per acre was 21 bushels ; the crop produced was 73,081,329 bushels of the value of $34,348,225. The wheat crop of Virginia was grown on 637,806 acres ; the yield per acre was 5 bushels ; the crop produced was 3,635,494 bushels of the value of $2,872,04*. In North Carolina the wheat crop was grown on £67,558 acres ; the yield per acre was a little over 5 bushels ; the crop produced was 3,055,757 bush- els of the value of $2,811,296. In South Carolina the wheat crop was grown on 267,673 acres ; the yield per acre was 5 bushels ; the crop produced was 1,495,969 bushels of the value of $1,528,948. In Maryland the wheat crop was grown on 757,000 acres ; the yield per acre was 14 bushels ; the crop produced was 11,129,223 bushels of the value of $8,013,041. In Tennessee the crop of wheat was grown on 840,381 acres ; the yield per acre was 7 bushels and the crop produced was 6,050,743 bushels of the value of $4,598,565. In Vir- ginia the oat crop was produced on 222,074 acres ; the yield per acre was 17 bushels ; the crop produced was 3,886,295 bushels of the value of $1,632,244. In North Carolina the oat crop was produced on 238,143 acres ; the yield was 12 bushels per acre ; the crop produced was 3,024,416 bushels of the value of $1,542,452. In South Carolina the oat crop was grown on 216,541 acres ; the yield per acre was 13 bushels ; the crop produced was 2,836,687 bushels of the value of $1,673, - 645. In Maryland the oat crop was grown on 42,132 acres ; the yield per acre was 26 bushels ; the crop pro- duced was 1,124,924 bushels of the value of $427,471. In Tennessee the oat crop was grown on 180,071 82 THE SOUTHERN PLAKTEB. [February acres ; the yield per acre was 17 bushels ; the crop produced was 3,219,028 bushels of the value of $1,351,992. When we come to compare the yields of these cereal crops with the production of the like crops in other States north and west, we find that not only do these Southern States fall in nearly all cases much below the average for the whole of the United States, but very seriously below the yield per acre in other States not nearly so naturally well situated for the produc- tion of the crop. Take for example the New England States in the matter of corn. There the yield runs from 21 to 31 bushels per acre. In Pennsylvania the yield was 36 bushels per acre, whilst in the great corn belt of the West the yield runs up as high as 39 bash els to the acre. Again, take wheat. Whilst the aver age for the United States was 14 bushels per acre here we only made 5 bushels, this being the lowest vield made in the South for many years, and about half the usual average. The average yield of oats in the United States was 34 bushels to the acre. Here we made less than half that yield. Surely such a showing as these crops make cannot be regarded with satisfaction by our people. There is no reason whatever, either in climatic or soil conditions, why the production of all these staple cereal crops should in the South fall so much below the average of the country and so greatly below that of other States not nearly so well situated. The great underlying cause for this bad showing is poor preparation of the land before seeding, and in the case of the corn crop careless, inadequate cultivation after planting. Sufficient effort is not made to secure deep, well broken land, capable of conserving the rainfall and moisture so much needed, especially in the South, nor is adequate consideration given to the necessity for filling our soils with vegetable matter — (humus). Many Southern farmers insist that the small yields of cereals here cannot be avoided on land which has been so long under cultivation as Southern lands have. That this conclusion is erroneous is shown by the average yields of the cereal crops in England, where the land has been under cultivation hundreds of years longer than in the South. The average yield of wheat in England was last year nearly 34 bushels to the acre, and for the last ten years the average is nearly 31 bushels per acre. The average yield of oats there last year was nearly 44 bushels per acre, and for 10 years nearly 40 bushels to the acre. Corn is not grown in that country, and therefore cannot be com- pared. It is time for the Southern farmers to take this matter of crop yield per acre into serious consid- eration with the determination that such paltry yields as are now made shall cease. There can be no profit in producing 20 bushels of corn or 5 or even 14 bush- els of wheat, or 17 bushels of oats to the acre. What is needed at the least is to double the yield per acre and this will be soonest brought about by halving the acreage planted or sown and giving the reduced area the extra working and cultivation which in the past has been expended on the larger area, and by planting leguminous crops on the abandoned area and feeding these to stock to make manure to feed the reduced area and make it rich and productive. The crop sta- tistics issued by the Department of Agriculture, from which we have quoted the foregoing figures, in one particular refute strongly the commonly current idea that the South is not a section adapted to the produc- tion of hay. These show that Virginia devoted last year 472,913 acres of land to the production of hay and that the average yield per acre was 1.06 tons, pro- ducing a total crop of 501,288 tons of the value of $6,807,491. In North Carolina the average yield of hay per acre was nearly 1J tons. In South Carolina the average yield was nearly li tons per acre. The average production of hay over the whole country was only li tons per acre. In New York State, which grows the largest acreage of hay of any State in the Union, the average production was only li tons per acre. In this respect, therefore, the South compares favorably with the rest of the country, and this fact should induce greater attention to this crop, which is one which conserves the fertility of the land, renders possible the keeping of a greater head of live stock, and thus provides the means for producing heavier crops without recourse to fertilizers. It is a crop also which is as readily salable, as corn on the market, and with our ability to produce the heaviest forage crops on the arable land, can often be wisely converted into a sale crop and its place be taken in feeding stock by the forage crops. The production of tobacco in the South Atlantic States last year was in Virginia 136,769,250 lbs. grown on 182,259 acres. In North Carolina, 142,520,950 lbs. grown on 219,263 acres. In South Carolina 25,625,408 lbs. grown on 34,912 acres, with a small acreage in Georgia, Florida and two or three other States.. The value of the tobacco crop in Virginia is put at $12,309,232, in North Carolina at $15,677,304, and in South Carolina at $3,331,303. In Maryland the quan- tity produced was 31,300,625 lbs. grown on 34,081 acres, and of the vaiue of $1,491,044. •With the ex- ception of Kentucky, which produced 257,755,200 lbs. grown on 322,194 acres, North Carolina and Virginia are the largest tobacco producing States in the coun- try. The yield per acre, however, in these States is much below that of the New England and other North- ern tobacco-producing States. In Virginia, tha aver- age yield per acre was 750 lbs., in North Carolina 650 lbs., in South Carolina 734 lbs. In the New England States, the average yield runs from 1,500 to 1,800 lbs. 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 83 to the acre, whilst in Pennsylvania the yield was 1,275 lbs., and in Wisconsin 1,340 lbs. to the acre. Mnch of this difference in the j ield is no donbt to be ac- counted for in the different types of tobacco grown in the South, but there is, nevertheless, room for great improvement in the yield per acre here. We have known over 2,000 lbs. of tobacco to be grown on an acre here on several occasions, and something much nearer this figure than 750 lbs. ought to be grown of the dark heavy shipping types which are so largely produced in this State. The same cause lies largely at the bottom of this deficient production as of the de- ficient production of the cereal crops, and the same remedy should be applied. More intensive and less extensive farming. The weather since the new year came in has been quite seasonable. We have had severe frosts, but lit- tle snow. We are always glad to have wintery weather in January. It is needed for the best interests of the farm. Insect and fungous pests are very apt to be come serious troubles during the period of crop pro- duction unless we have sharp weather in January. If we do not get winter in January in the South, we are very apt not so get it at all, as the heat of the sun be comes quite an important factor in February. With sharp frosts in January, the ice crop can be secured, and this is quite an important feature in the South, especially on dairy farms. This year good ice has been secured right up to the Atlantic Seaboard. The frost and wet condition of the land when not frozen has put a stop to plowing, and it will take some little time of dry warm winds to fit it again for the teams. The long fine fall and early winter gave abundant oppor- tunity for fall and winter plowing, and very much more land has been broken for crops than is often the case. Where this work was properly done, there is now a reserve of moisture in the ground, which, if carefully conserved, will do much to meet the needs of crops during the growing season. Land not al- ready plowed should be given attention as soon as dry enough to break, but do not be in too great a hurry. Land plowed when wet never makes a good sed-bed, however much it may be cultivated. Land already plowed should not be allowed to dry out too much. As soon as it is dry enough to harrow down freely, put the harrows on it, and commence the preparation of the sed-bed. This will prevent the loss of moisture from the subsoil and conserve the water for the crop. It will also be the means of making available the in ert plant- food in the soil. Even in soils said to be largely exhausted, there is always a great reserve of mineral fertility, which can be made available for the support of crops by frequent cultivation. Southern farmers have been in the past very remiss in this re- spect. They will plow the land once and harrow once, and then proceed to plant the crop either without fer- tilizer or with just a small application, and then com- plain that the crop makes a poor yield. It cannot do otherwise, because of the mechanical condition of the eoil. Even the fertilizer applied cannot be properly or fully available for the crop under such conditions. Experiments made in a number of States have shown conclusively that it is possible to make a profitable yield upon land said to be largely exhausted without the application of any fertilizer by frequent and per- fect plowing and cultivation. Plowing too often fails altogether to fulfil its proper function. Good plowing is not merely the inversion of the surface soil — it is the inversion and breaking and mixing of the soil. It is impossible for the fine hairlike root fibres, which carry food to the plant to permeate and search out the plant food in the soil where it is full of hard lumps. The whole seed bed should be made as fine as possi- ble, then these little fibres can thread their way in and out of the interstices of the soil and appropriate, by the aid of moisture, the food elements always more or less present. Another great purpose served in the fine breaking of the soil by repeated plowing and cul- tivation is that it permits of the free working and multiplication of the soil microbes, uponjwhich large- ly depends the' fertility of all soils. A hard lumpy soil is largely a dead soil, and a dead soil is an unpro- ductive one. This necessity for microblc life in a soil is largely a new discovery in agricultural science, but the more fully it is investigated the 'more important appears to be its necessity. The^presence of humus in the soil and an alkaline condition'are found to be con. ditions precedent to this active microbic life. Hence the necessity for lime and leguminous crops in the development of soil fertility. The two greatlfactors necessary to fertility are soil 'moisture and microbic life, and these are both encouraged and maintained by finely worked and broken soil. Where itjis intended to apply mineral fertilizers to the land, such as acid phosphate and potash, these ingredients may^be more profitably applied now than at the^time of seeding the crops. They require time to become available and thoroughly assimilated with thejaoil. There need be no fear of loss by leaching. Where^farm yard manure is to be applied, it should be got on the land at once and be spread and worked into the soil with harrow and cultivator. Get out all farm pen and stable manure as it is made, and spread it on sod or arable land. It had much better leach out on the laud than in the farm yard. The teachings there will not be lost, as is too often the case with those in the farm yard. If grass land, which is Intended to be mown for hay be top- 84 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [February dressed with manure from the yard, which is an ex cellent way in which to improve the soil, the manure should be got out at once and be spread evenly on the land. After it has laid a week or two, run over the land with a bush harrow and thus break the manure out finely and work it into the roots of the grass. Then follow the bush with a horse rake, and thus get off the long, strawy matter which, if left en, will mix wi'h the hay and spoil the sample. It is too early yet to seed any crop, except Canada peas and oats, in either Virginia or North Carolina. Further South, oats may be sown after the middle of the month. Canada peas and oats may be sown up to the end of the month in Middle and Eastern Virginia and North Carolina, and up to the middle of the month of March in Piedmont and the mounts in sections of those States. This crop is better seeded in December and January than in February, and we advised atten- tion to it in those months. We have, however, known good crops made seeded in February. It is a North era climate crop, and reqi ires to complete its growth before the hot weather sets in, or mildew will destroy it. Its value as an early forage crop for hogs, sheep and cattle is great, and it also makes fine hay. Sow li bushels of peas per acre, and plow them down or put in deep with a drill ; they should have a cover of at least four or five inches. Then sow broadcast three quarters of a bushel of oats and harrow in. If the land is poor, apply 300 lbs. of acid phosphate to the acre and work in with the harrow. When the peas and oats have commenced to grow freely, apply 75 to 100 lbs. of nitrate of soda to the acre as a top-dress- ing, and a vigorous £ rowth will be assured. Where the land is in fair fertility and has grown peas before, the nitrate of soda will not be needed, as the peas will soon be vigorous enough to secure their own nitrogen from the atmosphere. Grass and clover seed not seedt d in the fall (which is the proper time all through the South, except in the mountain sections) if a good stand is to be confi- dently expected, should be sown during this month and in the first half of March. We have always ad vised against sowing grass and clover with a grain crop where a permanent stand of grass is desired; and each year that passes only adds to our certainty that we are right in this view. More money has been wasted on clover and grass seed seeded with grain than in almost any other way on the farm. The prac- tice of so seeding was introduced from England, where climatic conditions are so different from our own. There, there is always an abundance of moisture in the ground, and none of the hot, burning weather which we have in the summer. Harvest time is much lat< r, and thus the shading of the young grass and clover is continued until the cool fall months. Here, lack of moisture in the land begins to be felt early in the summer, and the grain crops mature and are cut just at the time when the power of the sun is greatest. The result is, that the growth of the grass and clover is weak and spindling, and it is laid bare to the burn- ing sun just when it most needs protection. Thousands of acres are thus lost every year. If seeded in the fall, a much stronger root growth is secured before the hot weather sets in, and the cutting of the grain may not result so fatally; but our advice is, whether seed- ing in fall or spring (but most certainly when seeding in the spring), never to seed along with grain. The grain crop is much more robust and quicker in growth than the grass and clover, and is thus better able to forage for support, and appropriates the moisture which the small plants so greatly need. Instead of a nurse crop, the grain crop becomes a robber crop, and the graes and clover is a failure. When seeded alone, the grass and clover is given a chance to secure what it needs, and being unshaded, becomes robust and hardy in growth and able to resist the power of the sun and rarely fails to make a good stand if soil fer- tility is sufficient; and if — and this is a great if— weeds are not so numerous as to smother it out. Weeds will beat even a grain crop in killing out a stand of grass and clover. Never seed grass and clover on land full of weed seed. It is only labor and seed wasted. If ]and is clean, then sow from two to three bushels of grass seed to the acre, with 10 or 12 lbs. of clover seed, and a fair stand may be expected. We believe in heavy seeding of grass. Our experience has con- vinced us that only in this way can a satisfactory sod be secured. The percentage of seed which is viable and will grow, is in grass seed always much lower than in the case of larger seeds, and much of that seeded never comes to a mature plant. Even if it sprouts, a large proportion has not vitality enough to resist un- favorable conditions of weather and soil. Let the land be well prepared and the seed bed be made as fine as possible before seeding, and do not spare ma- nure and fertilizer. An application of 300 or 400 lbs. of bone meal to the acre will always be found profit- able when seeding to grass. It gives up its plant food slowly, and thus the effect is long continued. After seeding roll the land if it is dry enough to roll with- out packing on the roller. This will do much to en- sure quick germination. If a piece of land seeded with grass or clover in the fall has failed to make a good stand, this may be improved by harrowing lightly and then reseeding with about a half seeding of grass and clover, following with the roller. As to the kind of grass to be seeded: For a permanent meadow on good sound land, we would seed a mixture IMS.] THE SOTJTHEBN PLANTER 85 of Orchard Grass, Tall Meadow Oat Grass, Herds Grass (Red Top), and Meadow Fescue. On low, damp land, we would seed Italian Rye Grass and Herds Grass — adding in each case from 5 to 8 lbs. of red clover. Timothy should be seeded alone. For a pasture, a much greater variety of grasses is best, as they ma- ture at different seasons and thus lengthen the season of feeding. For this purpose sow on sound, loamy soils Tall Meadow Oat Grass, Meadow Fescue, Virginia Blue, Orchard, Pe ennial Rye, Red Top, and 2 or 3 lbs. of Red Clover. For moist bottom land, sow Red Top (Herds grass), Italian Rye, Meadow Fe3cue, Orchard Grass, Perennial Rye, and Ahike Clover. Tobacco plant beds should be got ready and be seeded a* soon as possible. See that the land is well burnt and all weed seeds destroyed and the surface soil made fine and rich, so that the seed, when it ger minates, may be able to grow off quickly. Select land that is well filled with vegetable matter, s© that it will not crust and pack hard, and mind that provision is made for drainage and for keeping the bed moist. Cover with plant- bed muslin. After deciding the location and area of the different crops to be grown, make out lists of the seeds and fer tilizers required and give your orders to the merchants at once, so that these articles may be on hand when wanted. Do not have to wait and lose the best op- portunity for putting in your crops from inability on the part of the merchants to deliver goods just imme diately when ordered. "HANURE SAVING." Mditor Southern Planter : By purchase we came onto a rather ancient and much abused farm. Its barn was on the old-fash ioned plan of two log pens about 30 feet square with drive way through center under roof and a story above. A shed about 12 feet wide was built all the way round and boxed up. After the first season's winter feeding in the face of fast and frozen blasts, laden frequently with sleet, snow and rain, we concluded the thing was too open and friendly in its disposition and that we would shut some m»re of the weather out. So cracks on north, east and west sides were all bat tened up tight, light studding was put up inside, cor ered with building paper (this only cost 75 cents for 500 squaie feet), then ceiled with rough lumber up to loft. Two heavy rolling doors were made to close up the drive- way from the north, each 13 feet wide. Having completed these cheap but most paying mprovements, we thought of all the liquid manure which had hitherto gone to waste on the dirt floor, even in spite of a liberal use of bedding. One could not read your paper long and continue to ignore the saving of this most available source of plant food for the thin places in his land. A thorough investigation of stall plans seemed to indicate that the Van Norman would suit us best. With mill stuffs a cent and a quarter or half a pound, and even hay nearly a dollar per cwt., it was estima- ted to save its cost, extra over some of the simpler sorta, in feed during a single season. "What's lumber here anyway . We bought two inch hard wood for these floors and manure troughs at 50 cents per 100. We find it almost impossible for a cow to waste a particle of either bran or roughness out of these feed troughs. One shed on the south side of barn was taken up by the feed alley running next to the log wall, thus throwing all the droppings and walkway next the out- side of barn. Through the outside of this shed we cut holes about 18 inches wide and 3 feet long, one to each two or three cows. The manure is thrown out of these directly from the fork into a second leanto, thus avoiding its handling twice and wheelbarrow rolling. This addition is merely a light framework running the full length of the barn or the south side with shingle roof and sides looking very much like a plank fence with the fence turned wrong side out. It is handy to load manure from along side, and as the manure thrown out is kept well covered with straw and the sun shines into the shed nearly the whole of a winter day, it makes a favorite place for the Shorthorns to lounge around, basking in the sun- shine. A Weekly sprinkling of dry dirt or Tennessee phos- phate or gypsum prevents the escape of ammonia whilst the tramping of other stock pacVs it down after the tearing up of hogs hunting waste grain. Heating is thus avoided. The beneficent influences of dry dirt and sunlight are not fully appreciated by the average farmer. We know from experience that stock do better when given the freedom of covered yards protected against north winds, and are of opinion that a better quality of manure is made thereby. Certainly less water is uselessly loaded and hauled to the fields than is the case when taken from manure cellars or the stalls themselves. With all sorts of feed stuffs $1 per 100 pounds it is difficult to see much profit in stock feeding without counting in the manure. This is not unreasonable so long as we pay $20 per ton for fertilizers. Manure carefully saved and wisely used will of itself pay a fair profit on the production of the feed. The feeder's cash outlay for concentrated feeds should be repaid otherwise. " Maplbhuest." 86 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [February WHEAT GROWING. Editor Southern Planter : In your November number, under the head of "Farm Management," you say, "A crop of wheat that can be well seen above ground before hard frosty weather sets in will almost invariably make a better yield than one which is two or three inches high at that time." This does not agree with the opinion of most of the practi cal farmers of this section. The aim is here to sow as soon as can be done and avoid damage by the "fly." There are some farmers who are willing to risk the fly in order to get their wheat in early, say- ing that late sowing has been more damaging than the fly. This has been a very favorable fall on the wheat. The land was or could be put in fine order, and the rains have come in right quantity and not washing. My neighbor, among many who sowed very early this season, started his drill September 9th. Mine was started September 22d. Both fields have a rank growth. His has been well pastured and mine, grazed a little. There are those here who claim that wheat pastured by sheep will yield four or five bushels more per acre on good land. Still another successful farmer says he does not think wheat should be pastured, that he never saw any too rank in the fall. What I call a rank growth is from 6 inches to 12 inches high, vary- ing according to the fertility of the soil. What you say of a thorough preparation of the soil must be concurred in by every observing tiller of the land, but my opinion is that this shonld apply to all other crops. Tillage and clover is my motto in farm ing. We are all anxious to learn more, and we would like to know, Mr. Editor, why you consider a short growth of wheat in the fall better than a larger one which has a chance toliecome well rooted before freezing weather commences ? Lexington, Va. P. M. W. In reply to the foregoing we would say that the opinion given was largely founded on personal expe rience in wheat growing. We have vividly in remem- berance a crop grown many years ago which so forei bly impressed the lesson of too early sowing as to cnre us permanently of the habit. In that year we sowed the first wheat on the 30th of September. We contin- ued to sow as the land was ready all through the month of October, and finished seeding on the 5th of November. At Christmas the wheat sown on the 30th September was so tall and rank as to completely hide a h8re in the field. The wheat sown on the 5th of No vember was nicely out of the ground — say 2 or 3 inches high. The winter was not a very severe one, but on the whole favorable for the crop. At harvest time the difference between the earliest and latest seeded crop was very marked. The earliest leeded had thou sands of ears more per acre than the last seeded, but these ears were small and badly filled, whilst the last seeded were long and well filled. When thrashed the last seeded made more than twice the yield per acre of the early sown crop, and the quality of the grain was very much superior. This has also been our ex- perience in other years. The effect of the early seed- ing is to cause the wheat to spindle up and tiller too freely, thus inducing a weakly growth very apt to fall down in wet weather and to stay down. The weak, slender straw does not carry sufficient food to the ear to make a good, plump long ear. Its root growth is- defective. Whilst, therefore, experience has convinced us that reasonably late sowing is preferable to too early seeding we desire not to be set down as advocates for very late seeding. There is a proper time to seed, and this we believe to be neither too soon nor too late. In this section of the South we think October is the best time, and not before the 10th of that month. We like to have a sharp frost before we seed, and then we are- reasonably sure that we Bhall not suffer from the fly. After the 10th of October there is plenty of time for wheat on well prepared land to make all the growth needed for it to go through the winter without serious* damage, and it will then start off in the spring vigor- ously and with a strong root growth to maintain vig- orous growth. There is considerable difference of opin- ion as to the grazing of wheat. If the land be dry and the crop has made a rapid fall growth we think the practice one to be commended as tending to induce* root growth, but a weakly plant ought not to be? grazed. — Ed. CLEANING UP WASTE LAND IN EASTERN VIRGINIA. Editor Southern Planter : The longer I look around the more I become im- pressed with the fact that I need advice by the* bushel. There is a good deal of so called "waste land " on this place. The slopes, bends, gullies and low lands- along a creek take up about 50 acres, including about ten acres that were in cultivation up to a few years- ago. This ten acre patch I have plowed and sown to rye (with fertilizer) for early pasture. I hope the* stock will leave enough standing so that I will not havo to sow it again next fall, and can keep it seeded by plowing under what grain may be left over. Part of the 50 acres is covered with tall grass, among which young pines have grown up here and there. I think this would make fair grazing by burning the old grass and cutting down the few pines. Part is grown thickly with young pines. I pre- sume there is nothing better to be done than to cut these down and wait until the stumps rot. Part — about ten acres — is grown up so thickly with bushes and briers of all sorts that a dog can hardly get through. I have been told that it will cost not less than $10 per acre to clear this land. Is there no other way than to grub out the bushes? If cut, will not the stock keep down the young growth? I have enclosed this 50 acres, together with 10 acres of heavy wire grass, with twelve strand woven fence. Nearly all of the sixty acres are fairly good clay soiL Some places wash badly, and these I shall plant to 1903.J THB SOUTHERN PLANTER. 87 wire grass. Would plant wire grass all over but for the fact that it lasts only for such a short season. How would a mixture of native blue grass, red top and fescue do for the wet places and timothy, orchard grass, white clover, red top and, perhaps, a little Ken tucky blue grass for the hillsides t If I can get a nice green sod on this waste land, I shall consider it the most valuable part of the farm. But I have other waste lands, little corners cut off by ditches from the fields, river banks and corners of all sorts, that are either too small or not conveniently lo cated to be attached to the pastures. The largest of these patches may be five acres, others are only a frac tion of an acre; some are grown up to weeds, others to broom straw, others to scrub pines, and others to timber that is of little or no value owing to location. Some of this land is loam, some clay, and some gravel or sand. These waste lands are unsightly, bring no revenue, and add nothing to the value of the place. I have been thinking of planting a few acres to cedars to provide posts for the future, as I am clearing the better located woods for fields. Would it be advisable to plant young fruit trees, such as standard varieties of apples, plums and cherries ? I might manage to give them one or two cultivations for a few years, but could not give much care to the trees. There are prob ably over 30 acres of corners on the place that are not easily accessible with wagODs and machinery or acces sible only during the dry months. I would like to put this land to some moderately profitable use. They are now eyesores and harbors for all sorts of vermin. Hanover Co. ,Va. " Geeenhoen. ' ' The work of cleaning up the odd waste patches and corners on a farm is one that is much too often neg- lected. Even if the direct profit resulting from the utilization of the land is not large, there is an indirect profit which is a large one. The attractiveness of the place is enhanced and value is added to it in the eyes of a prospective buyer. As breeding places for insect pests and fungoid diseases, and as nurseries for the growth and perpetuation of weeds, they are sources of never ending loss on the farm until cleaned up. We are therefore heartily in sympathy with our corres pondent in his effort to get rid of these places on his farm. Wherever these places are covered with pines and other forest growth, not of sufficient value to make lumber, these should be cut down in the summer, and the stumps will then rot out in a couple of years. Where there is a heavy growth of reeds and coarse grass, these should be burnt off in the early spring, and if the patch is not large enough to cultivate in an arable crop, then Japan clover should be sown on it at the rate of 12 pounds to the acre. This will grow up with the grass, and in the end cover all the plot, and at the same time improve the land and fit it to carry a better sod. This clover will make only graz ing in this section, but will be found a great addition in that respect, and will continually reseed itself. Where the patch is large enough and the soil good enough to carry a grass sod, we would break it with a small harrow or cultivator, and the damp low lying places we would seed with red top (herds grass), meadow fescue, perennial rye and meadow grass. The drier land we would seed in the same way with or- chard grass, tall mea m CO 111 > UJ D O UJ > < m THE TREATMENT OF DISEASE £ REQUIRING AN EFFICACIOUS EXTERNAL BEMEDY.^^- GO fe^- 3 OLE PROPRIETORS BALTWGHe;/n.D, U.S.. A ro CD CO EXACT SIZE OF BOTTLE. TAKE NO SUBSTITUTE. 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLAOTEB 115 gtb of Onion Seed, have an advertise- ment in this issue. The Neck of Land Farm, Jamestown, is for rent, and a good lot of stock, etc., with which it is equipped, is for sale, as will be seen by advertisements elsewhere in this issue. R. A. Courtenay, of Pennsylvania, desires to purchase a good farm of 250 or 300 acres. Look uo his ad. Stratton & Bragg, Implement Dealers and Hardware Merchants, Petersburg, have an extra half page ad. in this num- ber. We invite the attention of our read- ers to it. Mrs. J. D. A. Fisher, Salisbury, N. C, is advertising Thoroughbred Poultry elsewhere in this number. The International Stock Food Co., Minneapolis, have a large ad. on another page. Kindly refer to it and answer the •questions they ask, and get a $3,000 stock book free In addition to its Weeder advertise- ment, the Spangler Manufacturing Co. offers its celebrated Corn Planter to our readers. Meyer & Son, Bridgeville, Del., have made a good hit with their Premo Dew- berry. They advertise in another column, A new advertisement this issue is the Economy Buigy Co. of Cincinnati. Look up their ad., if interested in their line of goods. The Cyphers Incubator Co. advertises with us for the first time in this issue. We take pleasure in referring our poul- trymen to the card of this company. The well-known firm of Hench & Dromgold Co., York, Pa , resumes its ad- vertisement in this issue. This firm makes a full line of farm implements, and offers a seasonable one in another column. The Columbus Carriage and Harness Co. are out with their usual spring an- nouncement in this issue. They have been selling their goods from factory to consumer for a number of years, as many of our readers well know. The Oakland Poultry Farm is adver- tising Thoroughbred Poultry and Eggs in this issue. The Indiana Stee 1 and Wire Fence Co. is a ntw advertiser with us this season! Look up their card on another page. J. W. Hall is advertising a new Straw- berry. Look up the advertisement. J. W. Apperson & Bro., Yancey's Mills are advertising Farms and Homes in Piedmont Virginia. The Dairy Association, Lyndon, Vt., is advertising its preparations in this issue. Gilbert Bros. & Co., Baltimore, have their usual announcement of Yager's Liniment in another column. Kindly refer to the advertisement, or better still inquire of your merchants for a bottle! It will be found very useful in emer- gency cases. Note the change in the advertisement of S. L. Allen & Co., makers of the fa- mous "Planet Jr." Implements. The Marvin Smith Co. has several ad- FOUNDED 1802. OOLD MEDALS : Paris, 1900. Pan-American, 1901. J^S \tf//&~ For over a hundred years have been^universally recognized as the standard of excellence. They received the GOLD MEDALS (the highest award) both at the Paris Exposition of 1900 and at the Pan-American, 1901. OUT ~~ tne I02d successive annual edition— con- CflfrllnnilP tainS a m ° re com P lete assortment and fuller V.UIUIUIJUC cultural directions than any other seed annual published. It is beautifully illustrated, not with highly colored exaggerations, but with the finest half-tones from life photo- graphs. It contains 128 large size pages, and in addition 16 full page half-tone plates, and is in every respect and with- out exception the most complete, most reliable, and most beautiful of American Garden Annuals. We will mail it free on receipt of 10 cents in stamps, which amount may be deducted from your first seed order. 'MSPkCt are in vited to send for our special price-list Gardeners of approved merit. J. M. THORBURN & CO., 36 Cortlandt Street, NEW YORK. of high-class vegetable seeds for truckers and large market growers. It contains all sorts Seed for New Leader Cabbage is now ready for the public. The greatest money maker ever produced. Will yield ble eroDS of the ! finest large, flat, solid, perfect keeping cabbages ever bred. Tested thoroughly, and proven to bea won- derful improvement over any extra early cabbage now grown. The best of all early flat headed varieties. Bolgiai\o New Leader is the cabbage that will make your fields yield you big returns. Write fori « rge ' free illustratetl catalogue of Rocky Ford Cantaloupe, Musk a I Peas, Valentine Beans, Uradus Pens and all Seeds, Plants. Bulbs I etc., for the Garden and Farm. Write now. ' ' ' J. BOLGIANO & SON. Dept. P 6, Baltimore. Md. C" Special line of Tomato, Cucumber, Radish and all garden seed.' OLIVE'S PRIDE. f&^^V!^"^^ recent years. WRITE FOR PREF C atTt n?&T£* b ,? r + V ,f rlety introduced In J. W. HALL, Marion Station, Mo. 116 THE SOUTHEBN PLAJSTEK. [February TmffiWm Some People ] do not see the necessity for two wheels on a hoe. They like a Single Wheel Hoe because it is a i trifle lighter than the Double, and it does not cost I quiteso muth. To meetthis demand we make the | No. 16 "Planet Jr." Single Wheel Hoe Cultivator, etc. Itis our latest 1903 model ofthis tool and is a de- cided improvement on anything ofits kind we have heretofore offered. It is provided -with two hoesfoi working middles or both sides at once, throwing dirt to or from the rows; three cultivator teeth for working middles; two rakes for pulverizing and smoothing, and a plow which is also an excellent furrow opener. Handles are adjustable to fit snort Planet Jr. ortall workmen or children. Afl attachments are quickly and easily changed. It will work any gar- den crop planted in rows and one person can do more and better work with it than six men can do with hand hoes. Shouldyou needa horse tool you will And the No. 3 "Planet Jr." Horse Hoe, etc., shown below to be the best in existence. TheBoare buttwoof our fitly eeedin? and cultivating Im- Slemenfs, i ncludin; plain and combined Seed Sowers, Wheel ocb, Hand Cultivators, Walking Cultivators, One and Two- Horse Riding Cultivators, Special Sugar Beet Tools, eto. Our sew 1903 catalogue is educating. It contains over 100 illus- trations wi th full descriptions and prices. It coats you noth- ing and will make you money. Write for it. S. I, ALIEN & CO., Box 1107-X Jrailadelpitia, Pa. OUR LOW HITCH DISC HARROW Best, simplest, strong- est and most durable Disc Harrow made. A.11 steel. Double levers. Low hitch. Center draft. All sizes With or with- out seeding attachments. Write for cir- c ulars and prices. TOLEDO PLOW CO Toledo, Ohio. Don't Monkey with Is" anything but the PEERLESS," If it is clean, unbroken peas you want. The "PEEKLESS" is easy to operate. light to handle, strong and durable, ele- gantly finished. It will clean peas to perfec- tion, also millet, sor- ghnm seed and velvet beans. J. E. Sanders's latest improved, fully guaranteed. We pay freights. Write to-day for prices, address, PEERLESS PEA HULLER CO. Box V, Dalton. Ga. Krau&ers* Liquid Extract of Smoke Smokes meat perfectly in a few Bonn. Made from hickory wood. ])eli<:ii)»sllavor. Cleaner, cheaper. No smokehouse needed. Send for circular. KKAOSEBii 11 HO., Milton, Pa. vertisementa in this issue. This bouse can furnish anything needed on the farm. Write them for their latest catalogue. The "Iron Age" Cultivators are gain- ing in popularity. An ad. of them will be found in this issue as usual. If you have not yet gotten the latest catalogue, address the Bateman Manufacturing Co., Box 167, Grenloch, N. J. Gleason's Horse and Cattle Powder should be in every stable. Look up the ad. in this issue. The Lansing Silo is offered to our read- ers by A. M. D. Holloway. The silo has many commendable features, and we in- vite those interested to write for cata- logue and prices. Foutz's Horse and Cattle Powder is ad- vertised elsewhere in this issue. It is recommended as one of the finest tonics on the market. Your dealer probably sells it. Look up the ad., and write for pamphlet No. 8, which will be mailed free. The DeLoach Mill Manufacturing Co. are advertising their well-known Pony Saw Mill. This is a very low priced mill, and is guaranteed in every particular by its makers. The Richmond Plumbing and Mantel Co. have a half page advertisement in this issue. They are having a good run at present on their "Favorite" Range- Woodland Farm is offering some nice Corsets this month. W. T. Thrasher is advertising Short- horns at right prices. The Ruumsy-Williams, C, St. Johns- ville, N. Y., are offering Gasoline Engines and Threshers in this number. Get prices and catalogues. The Peerless Pea-Huller Co., Dalton, Ga , is a new advertiser in this issue. They exhibit splendid testimonials re- garding the Peerless. SPECIAL OFFER. To poultry raisers who read the South- ern Planter we will send a leading poul- try journal, subscription 50 cents, pre- paid, for one year, if you will fill out the following blank and forward it to us by early mail : How many hens have you? How many chickens do you expect to raise next year? Do you in- tend to buy an incubator? Cut out and mail to the Hawkeye Incu- bator Company, Newton, Iowa, Box No. 119. Our contract is limited for subscrip- tions, send at once. Gasoline is to the country what elec- tricity is to the city ; with the " big end" in favor of the farmer, as he can get both light and power without running wires or paying bills which are measured out monthly by the meter system. As an economical and reliable power for the farmer, the Engine manufactured by the Weber Gas and Gasoline Engine Co., of Kansas City, Mo., seems to have solved the problem. A mechanical tri- umph, which requires no engineer, no fireman — in fact, can be operated as effi- ciently by the farm hand as by the ex- pert. A power which is ever ready and can be run without danger to life or its sTunp PULLERS All Sizes and Prices. Catalogue Free. MOHLAND & COMPANY, BURLINGTON, IOWA. THE IMPROVED Writ* to Prists. Ckamberlix Mfg, Co., Oleai, N. T., D. 8. A. STUMP PULLER Most Powerful, Handiest and Strongest Built in the World. We make 4 kinds In sizes to suit all needs and of an; desired strength. Saves time) and does the work risht. The operation of pulling stamps and trees by our methods is simple and easy. Send for Jfrea Catalogue, CHICAGO STU9P MACHINE UFO, CO., 236 La Salic Street, Chicago, IB. HERCULES STUMP PULLER Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day. Clear* all stamps in a circle of 160 ft. without moving or changing machine. Strongest, most rapid working and best made. Hercules Mfg. Co.. 4 1 3 1 7th St., Centrsvllle. Iowa FREE From anxiety over wash day, are all who use a 0ILLEY QUEEN WASHER. We guaran- tee it to be the best. A trial machine sent at factory price. Agents wanted for exclusive territory. Write for catalogue with full description. We will surely please you. LYONS WASHING MACHINE CO., Lyons, Mich. 1903 1 THE BOUrHERN PLAUTEB 117 IF WE DID NOT KNOW OUR SPRAYER AND SPRAYING M8XTURE the Best ever de- isi d, we would not buy expen- sive space to tell you about them. WRITE TO-DAY and we will send yon a Book showing the benefits derived by the use of our Mixtures and Spray- ing Outfits. Lenox Sprayer & Chemical Co,, Inc. Dept. 11 PITTSFIELD, MASS. THE APPLE MAN above all others is the one who needs to spray. Good, smooth, even sized, disease-free, salable apples are now am impossibility without spraying. For the apple man's use nothing- quite equals our Century Barrel Sprayer. Submerged brass cylinder, brass ball valves, everlasting plunder packing, automatic agitator. Unequalled for durability i ease of operation, free waterways. Eighteen atyleaof sprmrere. Catalogue with formulas and testimonials free. THE DEMINC COMPANY, SALEM, OH!0. Western Apts., Henion & Habbell, Chicago. Ill—— ■— P1EBM— km— —wi«t» Get the Best A Good Spray Pump earns big ( profits and lasts for years. THE ECLIPSE \ is a good pump. As prac- tical fruit growers we I were using the com- j mon sprayers in our I own orchards— found I • their defect sand then invented ] ■ The Eclipse. Its success ■ practicallyforcedusinto man- ufacturing on a large scale. You take no chances. We have I done all the experimenting. Large fully illustrated Catalogue and Treatise on Spraying— FREE. MOKRILL, A MORliET, Benton Harbor, Mich. CPRAY PUMPC ttJ Save Money &gV ^^ by Buying One of Ours. ^^ They will do as much work, being all brass are lighter to handle and are more durable, will generate a bigher pressure thereby mak- ing them the easiest pumps to operate on the market. Write for catalog and get treatise on •praying free. Agents wanted. Mention this paper. J. F. Gaviord, Successor to P. C. Lewis Manufacturing Company, Catskill. N. C. Mention the Southern Planter when cor responding with advertisers. surroundings. Many of these engines, stationary, or mounted on all iron and steel trucks, are used for heavy work throughout the civilized world ; grinding, shredding, threshing, wood sawing, and many other classes of work requiring heavy and light power. This Company also makes a specialty of a Farm Engine of 2} H. P., called the " Weber Junior," which is used to great advantage on the farm and about the dairy in operating small machinery and pumping water for stock. These little engines are mounted on a wood base and so constructed as to be easily moved about as required, the weight being but 650 pounds. On every up to date holding will be found a gasoline engine of such size as amply meets the requirements. We are glad to direct the attention of our readers to the advertisement of the Field Force Pump Co., of Elmira, N. Y., which appears on another page of this issue. This pleases us in the first place, because these people are old and valua- ble advertising patrons of ours, and in the second place it pleases us, because we know that their goods are satisfactory to our readers. In any event, we have had no single complaint since we have been carrying their advertisement. They make a fall and complete line of spraying ma- chinery, apparatus and appliances. They are manufacturing only such things as have been thoroughly tested and have been found to be of merit to the orchardist and others who find it to their advantage to spray. Write them for matter touching the subject of their specialty. AN HONEST ANSWER. Nathan, when a small boy, once drifted into a Sunday-school, or was dragged there — accounts differ — and when asked concerning the chief end of man, merely shook his head. The question was not clear. Trying again, the teacher sought to get from him some idea of moral re- sponsibility. There was no reply. A third effort was made by gradually ap- proaching the subject, the teacher asking him what he best liked to do. "Shirk work," was the prompt reply. — Dr. C. C. Abbott, in February Lippincott's. The Pastor. — I hope you never swear when the baby is irritable." The Parent.— "Oh, no; the baby at- tends to all that." " I 've made it a practice to put all my worries down in the bottom of my heart, then set on the lid an' smile." — From "Lovey Mary," The Century, January, 1903. Government statistics show that the Miami Valley in Ohio produces better grain and has purer water than any other section of this country. It is Nature's garden. Right in the heart of this favored spot is our distillery. We have at our very door the two essentials for produc- ing the finest whiskey in the world — the best grain and the purest water. Add to these one of the most completely equip- ped distilleries ever operated and an ex- perience of 36 years in distilling whiskey Wise Man's Wagon. The m.-m who has had experience ID running a wagon knows that it is die wheels that determine the life of the wagon itself. Our STEEL WHEELS have given a new lease of life to thousands of old I wagons, 'i hey can be had in nny desired height.and i any width of tire up to 8 inches. With a set of these vueels you can in a few minutes have either a high >i _a low down wagon. The Electric Iliimly I Wnsronismatloby sk, Med workmen, of best select- , Pd material— white hickory axles, steel wheels steel hounds, etc. Guaranteed to carry 1000 lbs. Here is the wairon that will save money for you as it 1 asts almost forever. Otircntnlog describing the uses | ot these wheels and wagons sent free Write for it. ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., BOX 146 QUINCY, ILLINOIS. WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT and s.-u i 1 liu'.-u-v Wheels, Steel Tim en. . #7.25 With Rubber Tires, $15.00. I mtg. H heels % to 4 in. tread. Top Buggies, $28.75 ; Harness, $3.60. Write for catalogue. Learn how to buy vehicles and parts direct. Wagon Umbrella FREE. VV. V. BOOB, Cincinnati, 0. JATEST (Newton's Patent.) Every Dehorner Guaranteed IMPROVED THOUSANDS IN USE. Ask your hardware dealer for them or wr ite H. Ho BROWN MFG. CO., • • DECATUR, OX. BOSTROM'S IMPROVED FARM LEVEL Pat d 1903. WITH AN0 w , THOUT TELESCOPE Is no MAKESHIFT, but the best one made for Terracing;, Ditching and Drainage. Price $5 and $10, including Tripod and Rod. Send for descriptive circulars and Treatise on Ter- racing, etc., Free. Bostrom, Brady flfg. Co., 31% W. Alabama St., Atlanta, Ga. must be well and carefully done, as the fu- i crop depends u [ion i c. For a II purposes, inany soil, on all kinds of ground nothing equals the SPANGLER CORN PLANTER. It saves time, labor, money and insures (he c"■ r-. er.si- 1 .L-e. cum. r-xr. w ealsomakelftefHinousBpanglerLow- Uo»n Graiji uml I- rtlllier DriJl. Wr.te for c;.ial e aud circ. SPANGLER MANUFACTURING CO., 5911: >>>:*:i|>YA-.Y Many designs. Cheap l_ wood. 32 page Catalogue free. Spec! si Prices toCeme* terlesnnd Churches. Address COILED SPBING FENCE CO. Box Q,, Winchester, lna. 'ARM ¥BM££ PRICE AND aUALITY WILL PLEASE YOU— » WRITE US NOW. 'DOW WIRE WORKS- Louisville, fas f STRONGEST h MADE. Butt ■ strong. Chicken- tight. Sold to the Farmer at Wholesale. Prices. Folly Warranted. Catalog Free. COILED SPBING FENCE CO.. Box tS Winchester, Indiana, C. 8. s. Spring / \ / \ /"\ /"\ /\ l\/\/ \l\l \l\l\i\l\l \l \ RE L >i INDIANA STEEL& WIRE CO. WC PAV Q9R A WETi* And expenses to men nt rnl »'° fl •»"■» W ith rigs to introduce Poultry Compound. INTERNATIONAL M'F' G. CO., Parsons, Kan. '.i Nassau street, New Vo VIM MCL7 CPU C and other insects esse OflR UUUL OUSLL be controlled by uun : Good's Canstic Potash Wh&).« Oil Soap, No. 3. It alio prevent* Curl Leaf. Endorsed by an tomologists. This soap Is a fertilizer as wai as insecticide. 50 lb. kegs, $2.50 ; 100 lb. kets W.50. Half barrels, 270 lbs., at 3%c. per lb. barrels, 425 lbs., at 3%c. Large quantitlas special rates. Send for circular. JAMES GOOD. PHILADELPHIA. P« 839-41 N. Front St., FRAZER I Axle Grease ^^. • Its wearing qualities are unsurpassed, ac- tually outlasting 3 bxs. any other brand, Not aflected by heat. *»-6et the fianulne. FOB SALE BY ALL DEALERS, LIME AGRICULTURAL and BUILDERS' Send for Circulars and Price-List. FELLSWORTH LIME WORKS REEVES CATT, Agent, Bodley, Augusta County, Va. S. B.ADKINS & CD. £ 4 and 6 Governor Street. RICHMOND, VA. EXPERT BOOKBINDERS and Commercial Printers. MAGAZINES. The leading color pictures in the Feb- ruary Century — the most novel and curi- ous in subject of any that magazine has yet published — are from interesting and beautiful studies of the aurora borealis made by Frank WUbert Stokes while in the Arctics in the fall of 1892 and are richly worthy the subject. They repro- duce in tint for the first time in a popu- lar magazine the wonderful effects of the aurora. Mr. Stokes, probably the first real colorist to visit the Arctic regions, was with the Peary and relief expeditions on the Kite when he was privileged to see some color displays worth all the dangers and privations of the trip. His word painting is as vivid and interesting as his color work. That the Senate is the most powerful body in the government, that it has slip- ped out of its orbit and is describing a larger area in the political heavens than that which the fathers marked out, that its constituent elements make the Senate self assertive, tyrannical and prone to prefer the materia! to the moral advan- tages of the republic, these and many other statements not altogether compli- mentary are made and discussed by Hen- ry Loomis Nelson in his article on " The Overshadowing Senate" in the February Century, which is enlivened by plenty of lively anecdotes and clever pictures by A. I. Keller. For those to whom the fiction of the magazines is always firBt the February Century has provided liberally. Lovey Mary visits Miss Viny and goes with Mrs. Wiggs and in the family on a picnic which proves decidedly Wiggsesque. The sec- ond part of Abigail H. Fitch's " When the Consul Came to Peking" carries its characters to safety through some thrill- ing adventures. " The Yellow Van" con- tinues in interest. There is wit in Vir- ginia Frazer Boyle's "Her Freedom," and much pathos in Kate W. Hamilton's "The Baby From Ruggles's Dip." There is an- other Pa Gladden story, too, " Knights to the Rescue," in which Elizabeth Cherry Waltz takes her gentle, lovable hero on an unusual errand of mercy. Arnold's battle with the wilderness is the dramatic subject of the dramatic chapter in the February Century, form- ing the third installment of Justin H. Smith's " The Prologue of the American Revolution." The sufferings and heroism of that terrible march to Quebec make sad but inspiring reading. Prof. George E. Woodberry, editor of the valuable Poe- Chivers papers, which are concluded in the February Century, finds in the cor- respondence evidence that Chivere, who thought himself a genius, was to Poe, who really was one, not unlike what Alcott was to Emerson. William Gage Erving's storv of his 1800-mile trip from Khartum to Cairo in an Adirondack canoe is full of exciting experiences, and tells something incidentally of Egyptian affairs. "Nobody associates fires with spinsters in any pleasant way," muses Lillie Hamilton French in " My Old Maid's Corner," but her winter night dreams over the ashes are sweet and wholesome and tenderly sympathetic. There is much verse in the number, and the Century's standard of illustration is maintained. The Best Buggy Bargain | You ever saw in your life — Split Hickory .Hummer. ■ We will sell you this genuine Split Hickory. ■ |30-oz. full rtxbber-toD Buggy for $35, OO andl [send it to you on 30 days FREE TRIAL that I I you may hitch to it and use it enough to fully I I satisfy yourself that you have aspendid bar- 1 I gain, and that every claim we make is true. I 1 On top of this free offer we give you a two j years guarantee. We have an immense fac- I tory turning out thousands of jobs yearly, all I j of which we sell direct from our factory to I I user, is the reason we make this truly won- ] derful buggy offer. | This buggy is made of selected second I growth split hickory— split, not sawed— and is j 1 a thoroughly high grade vehicle at a low price. It has heel braces on shafts, good carpet, full rubber top, solid panel spring back, H-in. round edge steel tired wheels, boot on back of I J body, high leather dash, storm apron, side | I curtains, open hearth, oil tempered springs,] I Norway iron bolts and forcings, and many I other points of merit. It is handsome and! I durable, and you can have your choice of oil [ { and lead paint in colors. NOT a cheap thing about the job except the I price. Send at once for our 128 page, 1903 Catalogue, which gives descriptions and prices I of our complete line of vehicles and harness. I I It is FREE. OHIO CARRIAGE MFG. CO. Station 41 _^____ Cincinnati, O. Make some good money selling our line o£ Economy Biiecies and Harness to your neig hbors ? You can do it easily as our goodB and prices are world beaters. Do not delay but write at once for free catalog and agency plan. A cracking good IV p Bueey for $27.50. Economy Rtiffgy Co., Box J» Cincinnati, O. T YOUR IDEAS $100,000 offered for one in. vention; $8,500 for another. Book "How to Obtain a Patent" and "What to Invent "sent free. Send rouffh sketch for free report as to patentability. We advertise your patent for sale at our expense. CHANDLEE & CHANDLEE, Patent Attorney* 972, F Street, Washington, D.C. and SHEEP PELTS to McMillan fur & wool co.. 'Minneapolis, Minn.' WRITE FOR CIRCULARS PALMORE'S Law and Collection Association, Established 1884. Claims collected in all parte of the United States. No collection — no charge. P. 0. Box 503. 905^ East Main Street, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 120 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [February EVIDENCE! Extraordinary Statements Supported by Strong Testimony Offered by People of Four States. The unusual claims made for Yager's Sarsaparilla with Celery, as to its won- derful efficacy in curing the many dis- eases caused by impure blood and weak nerves, are substantially supported by unsolicited testimony from many States. J. F. Brown, of Delmar, Del., says : " I suffered greatly from rheumatism last fall and winter, and found no relief until I used Yager's Sarsaparil /a with Celery. I am now on my third bottle and hope to be cured permanently." Bessie S. Stickley, of Oranda, Va., says: "I have been taking Yager's Sarsapa- rilla with Celery for two years, and can say it is a great medicine ; it has been of much benefit to me in restoring health. While taking two bottles I gained 1 OHbs." E. B. Bradley, Expert. Penman and Teacher of Public Schools, Launa, W. Va., says: ' 'During the summer and fall of 1899 my health was very bad. I would get very hungry but could scarcely eat any thing. I was weak and losing flesh all the time. In the latter part of the fall every little scatch on my skin woulo result ir a running sore. I had quite a number of boils Finally I was so weak and had such bad health I had to stop work. On the recommendation of friends I commenced to take Yager's Sarsaparilla with Celery, which has effected a positive cure. Since taking a course of this valuable medicine I have never been sick. I have as good an ap- petite as is necessary for any man, and am gaining flesh all the time. I heartily recommend it to those afflicted as I was." Ella Dixon, Montford Ave., Asheville, N. C-, says : " I have taken only one bottle of Yager's Sarsaparilla with Celery, but it has done me so much good that I shall continue its use until I become a healthy woman, as I feel it will ultimately cure me. I cheerfully recommend it." These are four statements taken at random from thousands of similar state- ments recently received. Yager's Sarsa- paril la with Celery is sold by leading druggists, 50c. a bottle. Made by Gilbert Bros. &Co.. Baltimore, Md. DON'T NEGLECT, Get a Package to-day of QLEASON'S HORSE and CATTLE POWDER. Feed it to your stock and note the re- sults—they will improve at once. It is the most reliable and undoubtedly the best Powder for all kinds of stock. It can be had from any dealer, so give it a trial. Prepared by GILBERT BROS. & CO , Baltimore, Md. Honey-Tolu CURES THE CROUP. The prominent feature in Lippincott's Magazine is always a complete novel. That contained in the February number is by Alice Duer Miller, entitled "A Man of His Word." Mrs. Miller, by the way, belongs to a popular New York story- writing family. Both her mother and sister are well-liked contributors to the leading magazines. The motive in "A Man of His Word" is the moral obliga- tion of a member of the Four Hundred to marry a young school-teacher because her mother had saved his life at the ex- pense of her own. Before her death she whispers to her debtor, " Marry my daughter." On this foundation the author has built a tale of compelling interest and infinite diversion. In addition to the novel, eight striking short stories enliven the pages of the February Lippincott's* W. A. Fraser's " The Capture of the Canton" is a rattling good yarn of the sea. Beulah Marie Dix contributes one of her striking and unu- sual stories called " The Scythe in the Oak Tree." This is a Puritan incident where a man's " masterful temper" runs up against a younger man's obstinacy. " Deceivers Ever," by R. E. Vernede, is a bright sketch of a pretty, perverse girl who hated boys. The cause for su^h a sentiment is the point of the story. Elliot Flower calls his humorous story " The Demure Wife of Ned Barrett." An oblig- ing friend of the husband's who consents to entertain her for a while is doubtful about the applicability of the adjective. " Brother Johnsing's 'Sperience," by Ella Middleton Tybout, has to do with a '■ brother" of color who is wont to stray from his own fireside. Clinton Danger- field writes a tale called "A Game of Chess" which has great dramatic quali- ties. The game is played between lovers. The man's life is staked on it, but his fair antagonist, unaware of this, uses all her skill in his undoing. "A Race Through the Night" is an exciting automobile story by Edgar Jepson ; and " Till A' the Seas Gang Dry" are letters written by a young widow to her " dear depart- ed." It is the collaborated work of Mary and Rosalie Dawson. A novel and attractive feature of the February St. Nicholas is an operetta in three acts, " Prince Charming's Fate," by Catherine C. Lovell, the full production calling for nineteen characters besides lords and ladies, heralds, guards and pages, a gipsy tribe and a corps He ballet. The scenes are laid in the Kingdom of Imagination, and Prince Charming is the " leading man." There are directions for the stage business and costuming; and the girls and boys and their elders should have much enjoyment from " Prince Charming's Fate." Most important of the stories in the February St. Nicholas, of course, is the new installment of Howard Pyle's " The Story of King Arthur and His Knights," which tells of the Sable Knight and how King Arthur fought with him, even unto grievous wounding. Tudor Jenk's " The Castle of the Beeches" is a good, old-fash- ioned story of buried treasure. Jack Lon- don's " In Yeddo Bay" will delight every adventurous, loyal American lad. Charles Newton Hood's "The North Shore Lim- ^MgW^* ♦^'« V- SMlMBMBffiMI This illustration was made from the photograph of a field of Timothy. The portion on the left was not, that on the right was, fertilized with Nitrate of Soda 400 pounds to the acre. Every far- mer is interested in getting the heaviest possible yield of grass. The latest edition of our Bulletin, " Pood for Plants," contains an excellent article on " Grass Growing for Profit." with proof that the yield of barn-cured hay may be in- creased 1000 pounds per acre for each io« pounds of Nitrate of Soda used, will be sent free to all interested. Send name on Post Card, WIIXTAM S. BITERS, Director, 12 John Street, New York SALESMEN WANTED IMMEDIATELY For Rand, McNally & Company's "Practi- cal Farming and Gardening" covering soi fertility, irrigation, drainage, crop cultnre, gardening, trucking, fruits, forestry, pruning, grafting, budding, training the grape, injuri- ous insects, plant diseases, spraying, selectiBg and feeding farm animals for profit, diseases of farm animals, silos and silage, making poultry pay, handy rules, useful information, farm cookery ; a new work covering all local- ities; destined to have an extensive sale; those first in the field will have the adva»- tage ; exclusive assignment of territory ; new plan of work makes it sell at sight; no pre- vious experience necessary ; immediate re- turns guaranteed ; permanent employment. Address RAND, McNALLY & COMPANY, 142 Fifth Avenue, New York. •• WHNTED f Competent poultryman desires correspon- dence witn men having capital with a view of establishing a Market Poultry and Duck Plant the coming summer. Salary expected until business is on a paying basis. Uoo«t references given from former employers. Those with land but no capital need not answer. Address J H. S., CARE SOUTHERN PLANTER. ^ W A. JWT T K D € Situation on a farm in the southern half of the State of Alabama, by a Chicago man, 34 years old, single, who wishes to study south- ern farming. Best of reference given. Cor- respondence solicited. Address H. C. P., The Southern Planter. SITUATION WANTED. 15 years practical experience with poultry. Understand artificial incubation. Capon iz- ing and raising capons for market. R. RANDOLPH CUYLER, - Orange, Va. WANTED— POSITION As manager of a stock or grain farm by a young man, a graduate of an Agric 'Rural College. Can give good reference. Address CLARENCE SYMNS LINSIOE, W. VA. 1903 J THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 121 BLENDED PANSY A TEST OFFER FOR IO f^EWTS For 10c. in Stamps or Coin we will mail you one packet of our BLENDED PANSY SEED, comprising all the bright rainbow colorings imaginable— a veritable flower garden-tos ether with our Illustrated An- nual (free), containing valuable hints on flower seed culture. WM. ELLIOTT & SONS, I Dept. F. S 4-56 Dey St., New York. 2BO SOsKis for 16c. It is a luct that Salzer's seeds are found In i more (.aniens and on morefarms thart^ nuy other in America. There is I reason for this. We own and op- erate oversow) acres for the produc- tion of our c.ioice seeds. In order to t Induce yon to try them we make l the following unprecedented offers Fa? 13 Cents Postpaid A 25 sor's wonderful onions, 25 sores elegant rabun^e, 15 Bona magnificent carrots, 25 peerlesa lettuce varieties, 25 rare Inscions radish, 20sp!cndiil beet aoVta, 75 gloriously beautiful flower seeds, * in all ?J0 kinds positively furnishing bushels of charming flowera and lots andloisoC choiee vegetables, togetk-^ er with our ereat catalogue telling all I about Macaroni Wheat, lillllon l>ol-( I'ir Grass. Teosinte, Bromus, Speltz, etc., all for only lUc. instaiupsand .this notice. Outon seed at hot 60c. n ponnd. JOHN A. SALZER SEED CO., La Crosse, Wis. 1.000,000 CABBAGE PLANTS For Sale Varieties: Charleston Wakefield. Brill's Early Flat Dutch. Price, cash f. o. b. Charles- ton, $1.25 per 1,000, $1.00 per 1,000 above 5,000. ALSO 500.000 GIANT ARGENTEUIL ASPARAGUS ROOTS, 1 and 2 years old, grown exclusively from Imported seeds, at 85.00 per 1.000. ALFRED JOUANNET, Mount Pleasant, S. C. NEW CROP TOBACCO SEED. Cabbage, Tomato, Radish, Lettuce, and all seed for hot bed. Send for Catalog of Garden, Farm and Flower Seed. DIQQS & BEADLES, Inc., SEEDSMEN, 1711 E. Franklin Street, Long Distance 'Phone 2966. RICHMOND, VA. ited" has the merit of being as true as it is exciting. Joseph Blethen's "The Fire Cat" gives beside its thrills a fascinating story of an Indian superstition and an Indian hero's bravery. Some animal sketches, an account of child life in Ger- many and verse and pictures, written and designed for the hearts and eyes of the girls and boys, fill up the February num- ber. PIONEER FARM IMPLEMENT MAKER. The pioneer manufacturer of the all- steel harrow was Mr. Roderick Lean, founder of the Roderick Lean Manufac- turing Co., of Mansfield, Ohio. From a meagre beginning in a small blacksmith shop to the largest harrow works in the world, is the typical illustration that true merit wins. Early in his career he real- ized that to merit success his product must not only be right in principle but also right in construction and material — honest through and through. The evi- dence that be applied in practice what he believed in theory, is proved by the univereal use and recommendation by farmers throughout the length and breadth of this country, of Roderick Lean harrows, land rollers, band carts and other farm implements. Their catalogue is sent free on request. INCUBATORS vs. HENS. Artificial Incubation by Fak the Most Satisfactory. The fact is generally recognized by farmers and poultrymen, that to success- fully meet business competition, the in cubator is a necessary acquisition. The question of quantity is not the only point of vantage over the hen's method of raising her brood, but quality is also to be considered. The chick that owes its existence to the incubator and passes the early stages of life in a brooder in- herits a stronger vitality and is less sub- ject to the attacks of disease and vermin that beset the life of the chick that breaks through the shell in the chicken- house nest. The success of the incubator and brooder has created an industry that has rapidly grown to large proportions. Easily the leaders in this enterprise is the George Ertel Company, of Quincy, 111., the makers of the celebrated Victor Incuba- tor. An idea of the magnitude of their business can be formed from the state ment that in one day of February, 1902, they made the enormous shipment of five carloads of Victors, covering orders from every part of the world. The Victor has many proven points of superiority — the claim that it will hatch every fertile egg is based on many record cases where 100 per cent, hatches have been realized. This is the crucial test of worth in an incubator — success in its pri- mary purpose — and should be the first point considered in purchasing a ma- chine. The Ertel Company is a long estab- lished firm, and their products are known and appreciated in every part of the world. A very valuable book about poultry raising and breeding, illustrating and Are Reliable Seeds The best crops come fruwo Bfiees that are ^rown In Bectiona best suited to their proper develop- ment, in the North, .South, East and West. This is our special business. H Large Crop is dependent upon the character of the seed you sow. We can please you. Everything for the Garden and Field. Frices right tor choice stock. Full and complete line of Farm, Garden, Dairy and Poultry Supplies. Write for new catalog No. 10, free. Ilandsomerthanever; containsmuch inform- ation. All Farmers and Gardeners should have It. GRIFFITH & TURNER COMPANY, 205 N. Paca Street, Baltimore, Maryland. WINBSAPS I have for sale several blocks of the finest two-year old Winesapa Apple trees ever grown in the State. The trees are well branched and measure from five to eight feet in height Trees are dug from the nursery the day they are shipped. 8c each for the finest in lots under 100. 7c. " " " " " over 100. 6 to 7c. wholesale. CHAS. F. HACKETT, Manager, Bonavista Nurseries, Albemarle County, Greenwood, Va. Premo Dewberry The earliest and most productive Blackberry variety. Very large, jet black, firm and solid. Crop ripens rap- idly. This is the berry to plant for profit. Write atonce for prices and particulars. Myer & Son, Brldiccville Nurseries, Bridgevllle, Del. F1VE=EAR CORN I have been planting this corn for 4 or 5 years, and never expect to plant any other kind. On ordinary land It makes from 25 to 30 bushels per acre. On 1% acres last year I gathered over 70 bushels. It is a firm, while corn, and keeps well; ears under medium size. Averages about three ears to the stalk, some stalks having as many as fiveand six ears. Every farmer ought to plant, it. Send 15 cents In stamps for a start— enought to make > ou two or three bucheU. Will send one peck by express, collect, for 75 cents. W. M. HOBBY, Sylvania, Qa. Georgia Melon Seed. «« HOW TO GROW MELONS," FREE. Write for prices of Select Pure Melon Seed. B. W. STONE & CO., Thomasville, Qa. Mention The Southern Planter. 122 THE SOUTHEBN PLANTER. [February ELMWOOD NURSERIES. ASPARAGUS 100,000 2-yr.-old Asparagus roots, 6 varieties. A special rate of $3-50 per 1000 for 2 mos. for BARR'S, PALMETTO, CONOVER. APPLES A large general assortment, in- cluding WINESAPS and YORK IMPERIALS. Splendid Assortment of Ornamental, Shade and Fruit Trees. Splendid lot of POL AND-CHINA pigs ready for shipment. Also pure BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCK, BROWN LEGHORN, BRAHMA fowls at $1 each. WRITE FOR OUR CATALOGUE. J. B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va. TREES ft ft ft ft The Bonavista Nurseries will have some •xceptionally fine apple trees for orchard this year. Wine Saps, Paragon (M. B. Twig), York Imperial (J. F. Winter), Albemarle Pippin, etc. We did not have a complaint last season. Every tree is perfect, and guaranteed, taken from the nursery block the day it is shipped, carefully packed. Our prices are the lowest. CH AS. F. HACKETT, Manager, Greenwood, Va. MONEY IN STRAWBERRIES If yoo get Good Plants. One of my cus- tomers the past season sold $600.00 worth of Strawberries from one acre. I sold him the plants for 120. You can do the same if you buy the best— and that's the kind I have. Catalog ! H. LIGHTF00T, Chattanooga. Tenn. ONION SEED. We are large growers of Onion Seed, and can quote attractive prices. Write us when you are ready to buy. Established 1876. SCH1LDER BROS., - Chillicothe, O. 1,000 Bushels SEED CORN. Horse tooth variety. 50c. per bus. 200 Bushels BLACK PE*S. 200 Bushels SOJA BEANS. W. H. WILSON, St. Brides, Va. giving full information about the Victor machines, will be sent to all who request it. It is not a mere advertiseing circu- lar, but a book valuable as a work of reference. It is free for the asking. In addition to having distributing points all over the country bo that he may fill orders from any quarter in the least possible time, Duane H. Nash, the manufacturer of the famous Acme Har- row, of Millington, N. J., makes fair con- ditions for the patron to become ac- quainted with the implement which he manufactures, Mr. Nash will send the Acme Harrow to any farmer, and will give ample time for its thorough trial and test. If the purchaser does not find it en- tirely satisfactory, he may return it at Mr. Nash's expense. This is a most fair and honest proposition, and relieves the purchaser from all element of chance in the expenditure of his money. The de- cision is left entirely in his hands, and he may render it according to his best judgment after trial. These harrows are delivered free on board at distributing depots conveni ently located, and can therefore be de livered promptly. In commendation of Mr. Nash and his business methods, and the quality and utility of the Acme Harrow, we must say that in all the years during which we have carried this advertising, we have never heavd a single complaint against either of them. The implement is too well known to require commenda- tion at our hands. Write Mr. Nash for printed matter, prices and terms of free trial REPORTS. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Wash- ington, D. C. Report of the Secre- tary of Agriculture. Departmental Reports for qhe year ending June 30, 1902. Eighteenth Annual Report of the Bu- reau of Animal Industry for the year 1901. Rules and Regulations in regard to Renovated Butter in accordance with the Act of Congress approved May 9, 1902, and information concerning Adulterated Butter. Report of the Editor for 1902. Experiment Station Record, Vol. XIV, No. 5. Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulletin 31. Cultivated Forage Crops of the Northwestern States. Farmers' Bulletin 163. Methods of Controlling the Boll Weevil. California Experiment Station, Berkeley, Cal. Report of Work of the Agri- cultural Experiment Station for the years 1898-1901. Bulletin 142. Grasshoppers in Cali- fornia. Bulletin 143. The California Peach Tree Borer. Bulletin 144. The Peach Worm. The Red Spider of Citrus Trees. New Method of Grafting and Budding Vines. At* one S HALF THE COST Lion Goi has better strength and flavor than many so-call- ed "fancy" brands. Bulk coffee at the same price is not to be com- pared with Lion in quality. In I lb. air tfeht, sealed packages. )) "Feeds ^Feeding Prof. Henry's Great Book for Farmers and Stockmen. Delivered anywhere for - - JJS2.0O With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2'25 GREENSBORO, N.C. For the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE .nd other Drug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaustion l Will buy an "0" size Eclipse hand cream Separator — 1 to 3 cows — in perfect condition. F. AMES, CLAHEMONT, Va Asecond-hand ONE-HORSE TREAD POWER. Must be in good repair. Give full particulars style, age, maker's name, condition and lowest price. A. S. CRAVEN, - Greenwood, Va. GASOLINE ENGINE. SECOND- HAI\D PUMPING APPACATUS and WOOD SAW. H. H. TESCHENDORF, Forest Depot, Va. Strawberry Plants We grow them on virgin soil, conse- quently they are free from disease and true to name. Leaf ing varieties, $1.65 per 1,000 and up. Every one says we haye the finest plants bed they ever saw. 25 acres in plants. Circular free. JOHN LIGHTF00T, - Sherman Heights, Tenn. GINSENG SEED We offer for sale a limiled quantity of fresh seed, which we guarantee to be first quality, J10 per 1,000. Address COMMERCIAL GINSENG CO ., Crozet, Va. Mention thj Southern Planter when, writing advertisers. It03.] THE SOUTHEKN PLAOTEB. 123 I Can Sell Your Farm no matter where it is. Send description, state price aoa learn how. list. '96. Highest references. Offices in 14 cities. W. M. Ofttrander,i885N. A. Bids:.. Philadelphia Virginia Farms ▲II prices and sires. Free list on application. WM. B. PIZZINI CO., Richmond, »«. i SOUTH. For full particulars write A. JEFFERS, Norfolk, Va. ¥IRGIHIA FARMS $3 PER ACRE AND UPWARDS. Easy Payments. Catalogue Free. GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Va. Established 1875. riUr TADMQ in the great fruit grain and lint. rflnmO Btook section of VIKGINIA. Best climate and water in the TJ. S. Near great markets, with best educational advan- tages. For further information, address ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO., Bak'l B. Woods, Pres. Charlottesville, Va. "PIEDMONT And all that It Implies." Good land, climate, markets, shipping fa- cilities, churches, schools, good health, mode- rate prices, easy terms. MACON & CO., - Orange, Va. WANTED TO BUY A Farm of about 250 or 300 acres, near R. R. station and town. Land must be first class in eevry way. With good buildings. Am willing to pay fair price for such a place. Anyone having such a farm for sale, can address R. A. COURTNAY, 339 Wyoming Ave , Scranton, Pa - FARMS ORCHARDS and HOMES In the best fruit and agricultural sections of "Virginia. Virginia Booklet and information free. J. W. APPERSON & BRO., Yancey Mills, Va. FOR SALE. "DAIRY and POULTRY FARM." Large house, plenty of out buildings in good order, 30%acresof highly improved land, with stock, crops and ail equipments, 6 miles from Richmond. A bargain can be secured in this property. Address "DAIRY," care Southern Planter. FOR RENT. To a good tenant on shares or otherwise, a fine, improved farm at Jamestown, Va. 1,100 acres cleared laud, stocked with cattle, sheep, horses and mules and all necessary imple- ments. Finest farm on the peninsula. Apply NECK OF LAND FARM, Jamestown, Va. WANTED TO SELL. Having a government position, I am com- pelled to sacrifice my apiary, poultry and fruit businese located on 15 acres of fertile land on navigable tidewater river, about 25 miles from Richmond ; six-room dwelling, kitchen, hen-house, about 60 colonies of bees, implements, etc. No malaria; very healthy. Price, real estate, 8750 ; bees, etc., about 8250. B. F. RITCHIE, • Richmond, Va. Illinois Experiment Station, Urbana, 111. Bulletin 79. The Corn-Bill Bugs in Illinois. Bulletin 80. Methods and Results of Field Insecticide Work Against the San Jose Scale. Bulletin 81. Forcing Tomatoes. Kansas State Board of Agriculture, Topeka, Kas. Report of the Board, 1901-1902. This, like all the reports of this Board prepared under the di- rection of Mr. F. D. Coburn, the well-known Secretary, is a volume of great interest and value not only to Kansas, but to all farmers every- where. The Report makes an octavo book of 1,118 pages, with a full Index in addition. It gives valuable infor- mation upon Shorthorns. Herefords, Aberdeen- Angus, Galloway, Red Polled, and Polled Durham cattle; the breeding, rearing and fattening of farm animals ; the growing of al- falfa and numerous other crops, and full statistics of the products of each county in the State. It is a sample of what such a report should be, and makes the reports of our own State Board and many other States look miserable subterfuges. Louisiana Experiment Station, Baton Rouge, La. A Report on the Geol- ogy of Louisiana. Minnesota Experiment Station, St. An- thony Park, Minn. Bulletin 75. Fat- tening Lambs of Different Grades. Oats as a Factor in Feeding Lamba. Balanced and Unbalanced Rations. Bulletin 76. Fattening Steers of Dif- ferent Types. Feeding Steers for Short and Long Periods. Feeding Steers in the Stable and the Open Shed. Bulletin 77. Insects Notably Injurious in 1902. North Carolina State Board of Agricul- ture, Raleigh, N~ C. Bulletin, No- vember, 1902. Miscellaneous Sub- jects Columbus Horticultural Society, Colum- bus, 0. Journal of the Society, De- cember, 1902. Pennsylvania State Board of Agricul- ture, State College, Pa. Bulletin 61. Annual Report of the Director. Hampton Institute, Hampton, Va. Na- ture Study Leaflets, No. 8. Winter Buds. Virginia Weather Bureau, Richmond, Va. Report for December, 1902. Department of Agriculture, Richmond, Va. Annual Report of the Commission- er of Agriculture. This is a small octavo volume of 170 pages, of which the Report of the Commissioner occupies three pages, the report of the manager of the test farm in Charlotte county 21 pages, and the report of the chemist 13 pages. The bal- ance of the book is mainly made up of clippings from agricultural and other journals published in various parts of the country. The only suggestions of the commissioner for making more efficient the work of the department for the ad- vancement of the agricultural interests of the State are one in favor of an appro- priation for the execution of a pure-food IF YOU WISH TO SELL OR. BUY VIRGINIA LANDS Communicate with us. Write for free "Virginia Real Estate Journal," con- taining many hplendid bargains. R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., Inc., No. 1 N. 10th St., Richmond, Va. WE HAVE A LARGE LIST OF FRUIT, POULTRY and TRUCK FARMS. Ten, Fifty and One Hundred Acres each, with good buildings, close to steam and trolley lines, easy access to the city. Also GRAIN AND STOCK FARMS From 100 to 1,000 acres at low prices, all th» way from $5 to 850 per acre. Write for Catalogue. THE VIRGINIA LAND AGENCY. Richmond, a. J. R. Hockaday, Manager. HOMES AND THE PLAGE TO FIND THEM._^ No place in the United States can a man do so well at farming, for the money in- vested, as in Virginia. Lands are cheap ; climate good, and the best of markets close at hand. It is the State of all others, for a comfortable all the year round home. The James River Valley Colonization and Improvement Company offer superior advantages to land pur- chasers. For free 86 page land pamphlet, address W. A. PARSONS, Vinita, Va. "Crop growing I Crop Feeding" BY PROF. W. F. MASSEY. 383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper, 50c. We offer this splendid work in connec- tion with the Southern Planter at the folllowing prices: Southern Planter and Cloth Bound Volume, $1.25 Southern Planter and Paper Bound Volume, 90c. Old or new subscriptions. The RICHMOND, FREDERICKSBURG and POTOMAC R. R. and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y Form the Link connecting the Atlantic Cost Line R. R-, Baltimore and Ohio R. R. , Chesapeake and Ohio R'y, Pennsylvania R. R., Seaboard Air Line R'y and Southern R'y. Between all points, via Richmond, Va. Fast Mail. Passenge r an d Express Route be- tween Richmond, Fredericksourg, Alexan- dria, Washington, Baltimore. Philadelphia, New York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo and All Points North, East and West. W. P. TAYLOR. Traffic Manager, Richmond, Va, 124 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [February CYPHERS GUARANTEED. It is to give uniformly bigger per cents in hatches than any other incubator, or your money back. Self-regulating, self-ven- tilating, supplies moisture auto- matically. The machine that makes its own way into all parts of the world. Our brand new poultry book of 1% pages shows Cyphers Incubator and Brooder scenes in this country, England, Germany, Holland, New Zealand, etc., and discusses from practical and scientific standpoints al- most every phase of the poultry business. It is without question the greatest catalogue and general poultry work ever issued. It is free, but we ask you to send us the post- age, 10c. Write to-day for Book No. 177 Oculars free. CYPHERS INCUBATOR COMPANV, Boftalo, .','.'.. Chicago, III, Boston, Mass. New Yor]t,N.T. The Automatic Sure Hatch s Free Trial I of the best incubator ever made. New automatic, direct action regulator— greatest improvement ever made in Incubators. No complications. Sold at I reasonable price. Don't pay double for out. of date [ machine Large illustrated catalogue free. SURE HATCH INCUBATOR CO., Clay Center, Neb. or Columbus, Ohio. ~_ : rl m The PRAIRIE STATES KEEP AT THE HEAD) More na j"iy Jrtight. Circular free ; catalogue 'ic. Ceo. Krte^^Mtulnoy, 111. MARK YOUR STOCK. Use the KENTUCKY ALUMINUM EAR LABEL. Made by F. H. Jackson & Co., Winchester, Ky. Write to them for free samples. law and another authorizing the depart- ment to analyze minerals and mineral waters, neither of which it would seem to us would amount to much in the way of helping farmers to make their labors more profitable. When one considers the cost and expenditures of the Department, which amounted in the year to $35,070.16 actually expended, and $8,500 in addition appropriated for work not yet executed, and the showing of the work done, as ex- hibited by these short reports, it would seem that, like Falstaff's celebrated tav- ern bill, there is an "intolerable amount of sack to very little food." The salaries and commissions of the officers of the Department and the office expenses ? mount to $8,930.12, nearly as much as e Legislature (when the Department was given an appropriation and the fer- tilizer tax was turned into the treasury), appropriated for the whole cost and ex- penses of the Department and the cost of the fertilizer inspection. Now, in addi- tion to this outlay, there is an additional one of $6,397.11 for expenses of inspec- tion. Surely this is an extravagant out- lay for the work done and results attain- ed. We are also disappointed at the re- sults obtained at the test farm, as dis- closed in the manager's report. Perhaps it would be unjust to charge or blame this wholly to the manager as he seems, like the Israelites of old, to have been expected largely to make bricks without straw, notwithetatidingthe fact that there has already been expended on the farm daring the' year $9,843.64, and appropria- ted for it, but not expended, $4,500.00. He complains that he cannot make com olete experiments and give the results reached from lack of scales to weigh his crops, and we judge from lack of measure in which to measure them, as he gives estimates of the production in many case3 where actual measure ought to be given, even to fractions of a pound. Experi- ments conducted on such a loose system as this can never result in supplying re- liable data for the guidance of farmers. Judging from the amount already spent on the farm and appropriated for it, and the lack of equipment as yet for carrying on the work of an Experiment Station as disclosed in the manager's report, it would seem that this gift is likely to prove rather a costly one for the State before it makes any returns. Frankly, when one compares what is being done by the Department of Agriculture of this State with that done by the Department of Agriculture of the State of Kansas, as disclosed in each case by the reports sub- mitted by the executive officer of each department, both of which reports the Virginia one of 170 pages, the Kansas one of 118 pages, are now lying before us, we are compelled to feel ashamed and humiliated at the poor showing made by this State. It is time" for an awakening of interest in the Department by those in whose interest it is supposed to be run and who supply the funds to run it by a tax levied uoon the fertilizer they use, which tax they as certainly pay aa though collected directly from them. So far as one is able to gather from the report the function of the Boa-d of Agriculture is now simply that of an auditing commit- tee for a fertilizer inspection department. Moorewood Poultry Farm, Chesterfield Co , - Wisevllle, Va. BREEDERS OF Highest-Gtade Barred Plymouth Rock, White Wyandotte, Black Minorca and Partridge Cochin Fowls. We won 19 prizes at late Richmond Show. Breeding stock and eggs for sale at all times. If you mean business, write for Handsome and Valu- able Illustrated Catalogue and Poultry Guide. Write to-day. PURE BRED, PRIZE-WINNING «* FOWLS * MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS. We have the winning pen of Madison Square Garden Show. Gobbler weighs 44 lbs. ; hens, 26 lbs. PEKIN DUCKS. . . Prize-winning drake at Philadelphia and New York Madison Square Garden. Young ducks weigh 14 lbs. per pair. PLYMOUTH ROCKS, Barred and White. WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS. A limited number fowls and eggs for sale. Also pure bred POLAND-CHINAS, SHET- LAND PONIES. HORSES, and RED POLLED CATTLE, the milk, butter and beef breed. ALBEMARLE PROLIFIC SEED CORN. ARROWHEAD STOCK FARM, Sam'l B. Woods, Prop. Charlottesville, Va. GRANITE POULTRY YARDS. <* Fine Laying Strains ^ BURRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS Silver Lced WYJMDOTTES My best pen of Silvers will be headed this Reason with a fine cock direct from Mr. J. T. Orr, out of his famous laying »• train of Silver- Laced Wyandoties. EGGS at $1 00 per setting of 15 at Express Office, Salisbury, N. C. Mrs JOHN D. A. FISHER, R. F. D. No. 3. Salisbury, N. C. BARBED and BUFF PLYMOUTH ROCKS Cocks and Cockerels, $1.50 and 81.00 eack, trios, $5.00. FRED NUSSEY, - Summit. Spotsylvania Co., Va. 1903. J THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 125 ..HOLLYBROOK FARM.. EGGS^ R SETTING From Thoroughbred Poultry. In our poultry yards we have the lollowlrjg thoroughbred poultry, all first class stock, originally started from the best stock In this •ountry, and carefully cross-mated so as to give strong aud vigorous stock and the best lay inn strains of the different breeds that it is possible to obtain : BARRED P. ROCK. $1.00 per sitting. BLACK LANGSHAN. $1.00 per sitting. BUFF PLYMOUTH ROCK. $1.50 sitting. LIGHT BRAHMAS. $1.50 per sitting. SILVER LACED WYANDOTTE. Price, $1.50 per sitting. WHITE WYANDOTTE. $1.50 per sitting. In addition to careful breeding, ire pay special attention to the handling and packing of our Eggs, so as to ensure good fertility and a good batch. We have also for sale a few first-class young cockerels of BARRKD and BUFF PLY- MOUTH ROCKS, SILVER LACED WYAN- DOTTE, LIGHT BRAHMAS AND WHITE WYANDOTTE. Price, $1.50 and $2 each, crated for shipment. HENRY W. WOOD, P. 0. Box 330. Holl)brock Farm, RICHMOND, VA SILVER LAOED WYANDOTTES Choice purebred spec- imens of eitt er »ex, $1 each, in any quantity. Eggs in season. Dr. H. H. LEE, Lexington, Va SPECIAL SALE. National Strain, M. BRONZE TURKEYS. Descendants of prize winners. Sold in pairs or trios. Larje, beautiful birds, at exceedingly low prices. The first orders will get pick of large flock. Correspondence solieited. PIEDMONT POULTRY PLACE, MUsE. Callie Giles, Prop., Whittle's Depot, Va. fi n Barred, Buff and White P. Rocks, Light Brahmas, White Wyandottes, Buff Coch- ins, Partridge Cochins, Black Langshan, Black Minorca, S. C. Brown Leghorns and 8. C. White Leghorns. Stock for sale cheap. Prize winner eggs, $1 fjr 15. A hatch of %, •r order duplicated at half price. OAKLAND POULTRY FARM. Ruffin, N. C. Box 5. C. J. Warriner, Manager. 32 Varieties Best Poultry FINE ILLUS- TRATED CATALOG for stamp, if you men- this paper. All poultry keepers should have it. J NO. E. HEATWOLE, Harrisonburg, Virginia. PRIZE WINNINGS AT RICHMOND SHOW 1902. I received 1st on pen, 1st on hen, 1st and 2nd on pullets, 3rd on cockerel. Choice cockerels, $2 to $5. Hens and pullets, $2 to $5. Wiite me your wants, I can please you. Eggs, $2 per 15 in season. C. G. M. FINK, 1409 W. Leigh St., Richmond, Va. Surely this was not what was contem- plated by the Constitution and the Legis- lature when it was created. It should be a force for the advancement of the agri- cultural interests of the State with the Commissioner as merely an executive officer. RELIABLE INCUBATORS AND BROODERS. In the Incubator World there are com- paratively few who discover at first hand and apply any necessary principle of arti- ficial incubation. There aie many fol- lowers. Ideas are quickly appropriated and dozens of concerns are constantly engaged in hurriedly throwing together machines and foisting them upon the market in imitation of any valuable dis covery, in the hope of getting a share of the profit. Perhaps the most important feature which distinguishes the Reliable from any and all other makes of incubators is its superb construction, which enables it to produce and hold a uniform tempera ture upon all parts of the egg tray throughout the entire hatch. This does not mean that it fails in any essential possessed by any other incubator, but in this one particular it stands in a class by ittelf. Poultrymen everywhere recognize the superior genius manifested by the Reliable's work. The manufacturing company is enabled to take a broad stand upon it. The offer they make shows that they never doubt for a mo- ment that the machine in comparison with others will give the highest per cent, in hatches under all conditions and in any impartial man's hands. They make the statement everywhere in the form of a positive guarantee that "the machine must prove satisfactory to the customer in his own hands and hatch the largest possible percentage of chicks from the fertile eggs or his money will be refunded." We are showing here cut of one of the incubators. For detailed description, we mut refer our readers to the company's catalog and Poultryman's Guide, mentioned in the advertisement elsewhere in our journal. This book will be mailed to any one writing for it on receipt of ten cents to pay for postage. LEGHORN POULTRY YARDS Now is the time to terrace and irrigate your farms. You should not delay this work any longer. See advertisement of Bostrom's Improved Farm Level in this journal. T* eaakacows pay, at* Sharpies Crtara Separator* Book "Bnainesa Dairying" * Oat. 806 free. "W. Cheater, Pa.i Have for sale a limited number of Single Comb Brown and White Leghorn Pullets and Roosters. Best layers known. Prize-winning stock. Wrice, $1.00 to 81.50 each. EggR in season at 81.00 for 16 ; $500 per 100. Satisfaction guar- anteed. Address A. T. MATTHEWS, Box 36, Parksley, Va. WHITE LEGHORNS, PULLETS, HENS and COCKERELS. High-grade at low prices, lor quick sales. CH»S. P. WINSTON, - Amelia, Va. Black Langshans. Fine stock and free range. Only breed kept. Splendid winter layers. A few birds for sale. Cocks, $2.50; Hens, $1.50; Eggs. $1.50, per 15. Satisfaction guaranteed. A. N. JOHNSOM, - Parksley, V a» RINGLETT WINTEP-LAYING STRAIN B. PLYMOUTH ROCKS. Choice Cockerels, $1.50 to $2.50. Eggs, in sea- son, per 15, 51.00. Incubator Eggs, J3.00 per hundred. If not as good as you can get else- where for twice the money, return and get your money back. SUNNYSIDE POULTRY FARM Reference: Christiansburg Va Bank of Christiansburg. BROWN LEGHORNS (Single Comb.) Eggs from prize winners and good layers $ 150 per sitting. Reduction on larger lots. ' WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS R. W. HAW, Jr., ■ Centralia , Va. PLYMOUTH ROCK EGGS POR BROILERS. The undersigned can furnish them la limited quantities at t4 for 100 F. O. B. at Claremont, Va. J. M. HUGHES, Claremont, Surry Co.. Va. 126 THE SOTJTHEBN PLANTER [February LIVE WILD TURKEYS, SWANS, GEESE, DUCKS of all kinds, SQUIRRELS, etc. Write me for prices. Dr. CECIL FRENCH, - Washington, D. C, 718 Twelfth St., N. W. EGGS! EGGS! EG6S! BestB. P. Rocks in Virginia. | |Hawkins, Thompson and Bradley strains. 81.25 per sitting (13). M. B. Turkey Eggs, 50c. each, S4 per dozen. Even the best is never too good, you'd better buy of me Mammoth Pekin Ducks. THE CEDARS WM. Q. OWENS, P. and S. FARM. Midlothian, Va. COCKERELS. S. C. B. Leghorn, $1 each, 6 for $5. As good as the best. Satisfaction or money refunded. TURKEYS, all sold. Eggs from B. P. ROCKS, 81 per sitting. Mrs. J NO. P. PAYNE, Clairmont Dairy Farm. University of Va. hite and Barred Rock COCKERELS Single bird, $1.00: trio, 82.50. Eggs for hatch- ing, 75 cts. for setting of 15. JERSEY BULL, No. 54171. j. B. JOHNSON, Clover Hill Farm. Manassas, Va TTTfJTTE; PLYMOUTH ROCKS, W HI 1 E HOLLAND TURKEYS Fine strains and beautiful birds. Will be sold at reasonable prices. Farm bred birds and very healthy; six months old. A few Setter puppies a month old. For pricesa nd particulars apply JOHN A. CLARK, - SHIRLEY. VA. THE IMP. FRUIT AND POULTRY FARM OFFERS 200 B. P. ROCK and S. G. B. LEGHORN COCKERELS and PULLETS At only 81 each. This stock is pure, and will please. P. H. HEYDENRE1CH, Prop., Staunton, Va. ONE PURE FOR SALE. I. B. TURKEY GOBBLER. This year's bird. Weighs 25 lbs. Price, 85. APPLY MRS. A. E. JOHNSON, - Manchester, Va . Barred Plymouth Rocks EXCLUSIVELY Strong, healthy, vigorous, larm-raised stock ; bred for laying ; 75 cts. per setting. WM. B. LEWIS, Irby, Nottoway Co., Va. MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS Fob Sale at reasonable prices, Barred Plymouth Rock Eggs, 81 per dozen. ROB r. B. TAYLOR, • Cedon. Caroline Co., Va. I have a few purebred BUFF PLYMOUTH ROCKS FOWLS FOB SALE. Price, 81 apiece. \V. C. DORSET, - Pilkinton, Va. COMPULSORY SCHOOL ATTEND- ANCE-SOME REASONS FOR IT. The best schools will never eradicate the evil of illiteracy until there is an effec- tive attendance law in every State. To be effective the law must be compulsory, with sufficient penalties to cause it to be obeyed. This has been the experience of all other States and countries, and we may not expect a different result here in the South. The sooner we profit by their ex- ample the better. At present Austria, France, England, Scotland, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Swe- den, Denmark, the Swiss Cantons, the German States, British Columbia, New Zealand, Prince Edward Island.Tasmania, Queensland, South Australia, the prov- inces of Canada, and thirty-two of the United States have compulsory attend- ance laws. With a few minor exceptions, these laws require attendance six, seven or eight years, from twelve weeks to ten months annually. In all the States in which such laws have been enforced longer than twenty-five or thirty years the percentage of illiteracy has been re duced to a minimum. These States and countries contain a population of more than two hundred and fifty million peo- ple, the freest and most progressive in the world— more than eighty per cent of all the people we call enlightened and progressive. Of the thirty-two American States having such a law only two— Ken- tucky and West Virginia — are Sonthern States. But what has been found good for all these great States and countries will probaoly not prove otherwise for us : and it is noted with pleasure that the sentiment in favor of such a law is devel oping rapidly in all parts of the South. The following seems to be a fair sum- mary of the arguments for compulsory school attendance : 1. Universal education is essential to the material, intellectual and moral wel- fare of the State. Illiteracy is a burden and constant menace to public morals and civil liberty, and threatens the very existence of the State. The State pro- vides schools at public expense, collect- ing money for their support by law, and by force if necessary. It, therefore, has a right to enforce attendance, that its money may not be wasted and that its interests may be protected. 2. Individual welfare depends on the general welfare. Having taken the money of one man to educate the children of an- other, the State must protect that man and his children from the oppression and dangers of illiterate neighbors and fellow- citizens. 3. Children have rights as well as pa- rents, and the State must protect them in their rights. Chief among these is the right to such education as will enable them to live useful and happy lives and become intelligent and self-supporting citizens. The importance of this right and the necessity of its being recognized increase as competition becomes more fierce, the use of machinery more com- mon, the demand for intelligent labor greater, government more democratic, religious liberty more perfect, and the obligations of the individual to himself, his family, his country, and the world more complex and binding. Especially For Sale * FEW FIWE M. B. TOMS EGGS In season of M. B. Turkeys, S. C. B. Leghorn and White Wyandotte Chickens and Pekln Ducks. Address Miss CLARA L, SMITH, Croxton, Caroline County, Virginia, FINE B. PLYMOUTH ROCKS. S, C Brown and White Leghorns and Buff Cochin Chichens, and Pekin Ducks FOR SALE. 50ets to $1. Rev. J. W. HECKMAN, - Spottsylvanla, Va. BLACk DEVILS and RED HORSES. These Cocks won 90 per ct. of battles fought in 1901 and 1902, and have never lost a battle when gameness and cutting qualities could win. Eggs, 82 per sitting and stock for sale. THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va. HAWKSLEY STOCK FARfl. Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES B. P. ROCKS FOWLS, Eggs from same, $1 per 13. J. T. OLIVER, Allen's Level, Va. WANTED-A LARGE JACK, Must be good foal-getler. Address, stating age, size, price, etc., WILLIAM IE. SANDERS. Gratitude, Kent Co., Md. JACKS and JENNETS FOR SALE. Enclose 2 cent stamp for new catalogue. W. E. KNIGHT & CO., R. F. D. 5. Nashville, Tonn. FINE JACKS. Mules are equal to Gold Dollars, from " youth to old age." Several nice ones and 2 very fine Jennetts for sale. Buy Jack now and get him ready for spring. Write your wants to L. L. THOriAS, 722 W. Campbell Ave., - Roanoke, Va. KNIGHT & JETTON, Breeders of andJDealers in Jacks, Jennets, Stallions. Fine lacks A Specialty Write for cat. MURFREESB0R0, TENN- 150 Jacks, Jennets & Mules ISO Best assortment I ever owned. Can suit you exactly. Write for descrip- tion and prices. Also will sell tw» Percheron stallions at close figures. BAKER'S JACK FARM, Lawrence, Indiana. CLYDESDALE STALLION. Will trade for Hereford bull and heifers or Angora go its. Must be registered stock. Horse 1b No. 4561, 5th Vol., American Stud Book. He cost, 81,400, five years ago. Write what you have. JO. HARDIE, Brown's Summit, N. C. 1W3.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 127 KOW-KURE Now we do not claim that Kow-Kure will make milk, because it is not a food, but it puts the digestive organs in condition to get the most out of what is eaten. In this way it makes the cow give a larger flow of richer milk. Sutton, Vt., March 6, 1899. Dear Sirs: I had doubts about Kow-Kure increasing the flow of milk in a cow in the best con- dition. To make a test I weighed each milking. After feeding the medicine three days there was an increase of two pounds, and a gradual increase through the week until she had gained two and three-fourths pounds per day. This cow had the same feed while taking the medicine as she did before. I consider this result simply wonderful in a cow that was in the best condition. F. M.Abbott. Kow-Kure is in powder form, to be given in regular feed. It cures abortion, barrenness and scours, removes retained afterbirth and caked udder, strengthens the appetite, purifies the blood, vitalizes the nerves and prevents disease. It in- creases the milk. It is a medicine for cows only, made by the Dairy Association, Lyndonville, Vt., and for sale by READERS OF THE PLANTER In want of a PIANO will find it to their interest to write to us. We assure them there Is such a thing as buying an honestly-made instrument at a mode- rate price. We make CASH and TIME SALES, and are willing to take part payment in Stock and Farm Products. Write and state your wishes. F. W. WALTER & SON, STAUNTON, VA. t^n WFFKI Y Straight salary and ex- ^ JW ,. 1 - penses paid to advertise and introduce our Poultry Compound in the •country ; rig necessary. Enclose stamp. Dept.2 1 8, Royal Co-Op. Mfg. Co.. Indianapolis, Ind. must it be regarded in those States in which the right of suffrage depends on educational qualification. 4. Such a law cannot interfere with any right of parents ; for no parent has a right to make a slave of his child or to rob it of the opportunity of gaining an element- ary education. Parents who would com mit this crime against their children should be restrained and punished. Such a law cannot be a burden to those who would educate their children without it. As the laws against stealing are not bur- densome to honest men, so a reasonable compulsory law cannot be burdensome to parents who desire to deal honestly and justly with their children. 5. The experience of other States and countries has demonstrated that such laws may be made effective, and that they need not work any hardship on individ- ual citizens. Teachers, school officers, and all leaders of thought in the South must begin and continue to cultivate sentiment on this subject, until just laws are on the statute books and are properly enforced. CATALOGUES. J. M. Thorburn & Co., 36 Cortlandt street. New York, Seedsmen. This is a beautifully got up book, and contains much valuable information. The firm is an old and reliable one. Griffith & Turner Co., Paca street, Bal- timore, Seedsmen. A. handsome book replete with information on farm and garden supplies. H. Lightfoot, Chattanooga, Tenn. Strawberry plants. The A. I. Root Co., Medina, 0. Bee- keepers' supplies. Sure Hatch Incubator Co., Clay Cen- ter, Neb., and Columbus, 0. A useful catalogue for those needing an incubator or brooder. Landreth's Seed Catalog, Market street, Philadelphia, Pa. James Vicks Sons, 191 Main street East, Rochester, N. Y. SeedsmeD. J. I. Case Threshing Machine Co. , Ra cine, Wis. The Deming Co., Salem, 0. Sprav Pumps and Nozzles, Hand and Power Pumps. This firm is one of the oldest makers of spraying appliances. John Lightfoot, Sherman Heights, Tenn. Strawberry plants. J. W. Jones & Son, Allen, Md. Straw- berry plants. F. S. Bullinton, Richmond, Va. White Minorca fowls. Bateman Mfg. Co., Grenloch, N. J. Makers of the well known and highly satisfactory Iron Age Cultivators and other farm and garden implements. Lovers of flowers will find many inter- esting hints on flower seed culture in the 1903 Illustrated Annual of Wm. Elliott & Sons, 56 Dey street, New York. It con- tains a valuable collection of flower, gar- den and vegetable seeds, and will prove interesting to every one interested in flowers. It is sent free with a packet of pansy eeed. Horse Owners! Use GOMBATTLT'S Caustic Balsam! A Safe Speedy and Positive Cart The Safest, Best BLISTER ever used. Take* the place of all liniments for mild or severe action. Removes Bunches or Blemishes from Henei and Cattle. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY OR FIRING- Impossible to produce scar or blemish. Every bottle sold is warranted to give satisfaction Price $1.50 per bottle. Sold by druggists, or lent by express, charges paid, with full directions for its use. Send for descriptive circulars. THB LAWRBNCE-WILLIAMS CO.. Cleveland O. FOUTZSi HORSE . ■ .-Ariib-'r" CATTLE PlWDER DAVID LFOUtZ BALTWOPESm. A medicine which makes sick animals well, the diseased whole, the weak strong and the thin fat. It will restore lost Appetite, , expel Worms and cure Chronic Cough, Heaves, Influenza, Distemper, Hide- y bound, Indigestion, Constipation, Flat- ^ ulency and all Stomach and Bowel trouble. ^fcw Tiie finest of all animal /SSfca. nd tonics i • Price Fistula and Poll Evil. . . You can treat these diseases yourself and cure them in 15 to 30 days. Flem- ing's Fistula and Poll Evil Cure is easy to apply, perfectly safe to use, and your money is promptly refunded if it should ever fail to cure. Interesting Booklets Free. We have two booklets to send you. One tells about Fistula, Poll Evil, Spavin, Ringbone, Curb, Splint, Knee- Sprung, Lump Jaw, etc., with instruc- tions how to cure them. The other proves that you can cure them. Write to-day. FLEVINO BROS., Chemists. 22 Union Stock Yards. - Chicago, III. Newton's Heave, Cough, 91ft* temper and Indigestion Cars. A veterinary specific for wlaC, throat and stomach troubles. Strong recommends. $1 per can. Dealers, mall or Ex. paid. Ne« ton Horse Remedy Co. ITI Toledo. Ohl.. As I retire from farming: Q r I | nil r I fj this Spring- 1 wi'l „< jt LL UfiLAl the following stock and implements little used, and almost as good as new : 1 FRICK'S ENGINE AND BOILER, 10 horse-power, on wheels, 1 McCORfllCK REAPER and BINDER 7 foot cut. , 1 DEERING CORN HARVESTER, 1 HARTEL FULL CIRCLE BALING PRESS, 17x22, 1 GEISER THRESHING MACHINE, 30 inch feed. Also Stallion, "KING IDLER," by King Alphonso, Idle Girl, a seal browm horse, 15% hands, thoroughbred, has got some fine stock on Virginia Common mares, is a sure foal getter. Apply NECK-0F-LAND FARM, Jamestown, Va. 128 THIS BOUTHKRJN FLAJSTTEB. L February • FILSTON FARM. • SECOND LARGEST JERSEY HERD IN AMERICA. FOUNDED 1882. BULL CALVES, and for the first time. Heifers bred to Imported Golden Peter, and Heifer Oalres and a few aged Cows. BERKSHIRES, all ages, sired by Imported Storm King, or Imported Esau 2nd, Size, good shape jnd large litters. Visitors welcome. Address for Book of Th« Farm, or prices E. M. GILLET, Clerk, Glencoe, Md. ASA B. GARDINER, Jr., Manager il Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm Has for sale a large num- ber of nice young regis- tered A. J. C. C. JERSEY BULLS AND HEIFERS. None better bred in the South. Combining elosely the most noted and up-to-date blood in America. Bulls 10 to 12 months old, 825.00, Heifers, same age, $35.00. POLAND-CHINA PIGS, $5.00 each. Send check and get what you want. T. P. BRASWELL, Prop., Battleboro, N. C. ELLERSLIE FARM Thoroughbred Horses AND SHORTHORN CATTLE, Pure Southdown Sheep and Berkshire Pigs. Fob Salb. R. J- HANCOCK & SON, Charlottesville, Va. cook's creek herd, Scotch-Topped Short horns ^* Herd Headed bv Governor Tyler, 158548 Young Bulls and Heifers for sale. Inspection and correspondence invited, HEATWOLE & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va. FOR SALE SHORTHORN BULL CALVES, Sired by Verbena's Champion, No. 129S81. Also POLAND -CHINA PIGS, Sired by Black Lad. No. 47427 and Spring- wood Guy, No. 53799. Pedigrees furnished with all stock sold. Eggs in season from M. B. TUR- KEYS and B. P. ROCK CHICKENS. Come or write. WM. T. TH RASHER, SPRIWGWOOD, V>. EAST RIVER SIDE SHORTHORNS FOR SALE. One choice Red Bull, old enough for service. Address JAMES P. CLEMMER, - Summerdean, Va. Registered g-.K.'fiS,". C. WhiUg. Fine large strains. All ages, mated not akin, 8 week. pigs. ^ Bred sows. Service boars ^M ■ and Poultry. Write for prlcesaud freecircular. P. F. HAMILTON, Cochranville, Chester Co., Pa. WHOLESALE PRICE ON AGRICUL- TURAL CHEMICALS AND FERTI- LIZERS. The market continues firm and steady, with an upward tendency. Southern business is picking up, and prices are well maintained. Nitrate of soda re- mains strong and sulphates of ammonia are a little suffer. AMMONIATKS. Nitrate of soda, spot, per 100 lbs..$ 2 10 Nitrate of soda, futures, per 100 lbs 2 00 Cotton-seed meal, per ton, c. i. f. N.Y 28 00 Sulph. ammonia, spot 2 07£ Sulph. ammonia, shipment 2 07$ Dried blood, New York, low grade. 2 47$ Dried blood, Western, high grade, fine ground 2 60 Fish scrap, at New York 10 Tankage, per unit 10 PHOSPHATES. Acid phosphate, per unit 60 Bone black, spot, per ton 17 00 Ground bone, per ton 23 50 S. C. phosphate rock, ground, per 2,000 lbs ..'.. 5 50 S. C. phosphate rock, undried, f. o. b. Ashley River, 2,400 lbs 3 25 do. do. do. dried.... 3 50 Florida high grade phos. rock, f. o. b. Fernandina, per ton 7 00 Florida land pebble phos. rock, f. o. b. Fernandina, per ton 4 50 Tennessee phosphate, f. o. b. Mt. Pleasant, domestic 3 50 do. do. do. foreign... 4 00 POTASH. Kainit, future shipment, per ton... 9 05 Keiseret, future shipment, per ton 7 50 Mur. potash, 80 p. c, future ship- ment 1 80 Double manure salt (48 a 49 per cent, less than 2$ per cent, chlo- rine), per lb 1 09 Basis 48 per cent. High grade manure salt (90 a 93 per cent, sulphate potash), ship- ment 2 08 Basis 90 per cent. Manure salt, in bulk, 20 per cent, per unit, O. P 64 — N. Y. Jour, of Commerce, Jan. 10, 1903. [Only higheBt prices quoted.— & P.] The Frank B. White Co. of Chicago and New York, send us a very nicely got- ten up pamphlet— 'Your Business and Ours"— in which they bring before ad- vertisers the advantages they can offer them in the way of preparing and dis- playing their advertisements and secur- ing their insertion in the best agricul- tural journals in this country This firm makes a specialty of agricultural adver- tising, and does its work well. "We beg to acknowledge with thanks the receipt from the Holstein-Friesian As- sociation of America of the official record of cows and their sires, and list of official butter and milk records of the Asso- ciation from 1894 to 1901. MARKET TOPPERS FOR SALE, LOW. We acknowledge with thanks a copy of the Baltimore Sun Almanac for 1903. It is full of useful information. One thoroughbred Angus cow, unregistered. coming 3 yrs., with heifer calf at foot Price, $75. Four three-fourths Angus heifers, two coming 3 yrs., two coming 4 yrs., bred to reg. An- gus bull. Price, $50 each. Four seven-eighths Angus heifers, coming 2 yrs., bred to reg. Angus bull. $50 each. Three seven-eighths Angus heifers, coming 1 yr. $80 each. Four one-half Angus heifers, coming 1 yr. $20 each. One bull calf, out of a thoroughbred Shorthorn cow, by a reg. Angus bull. Price, $50. One 9-mos.-old reg. Angus bull. Price $100. One 12-mos.-old reg. Angus heifer. Price, $100. All of the above cattle are black, and as well polled as a thoroughbred Angus. Eight beautiful reg. Angora goats, six does which will kid soon, two fine bucks. Price, $100 for th« lot. Address W. M. WATKINS & SON, Cottage Valley Stock Farm, Randolph. Charlotte Co ■ V«. ANGUS BULL CALVES Registered and unrecorded. Stock first- class, and breeding the best. SHROPSHIRE SHEEP First class yearling rams, and ewes of all ages. Several FINE FARMS for sale. WARREN RICE, - Winch ester, Va. fob sule Aberdeen-Sngus Cattle Choice breeding. Registered bulls ready for service. Address A. D. PARR, care A. G. PARR, Jeffersonton, Va. FOR SALE. SIR KETHERLAND OF THE GROVE, No. 30672. This Holstein bull is 3 yrs. old. His dam has given 8 gals, of milk per day, testing 4ft per cent, of butter fat. His sire is equally well bred. Price, $80. ; f. o. b. cars, Burkeville, Va. T. O. SANDY, - Burkeville, Va. Farm Bulletin We are offering some nice BERK- SHIRE PIGS. Let us have your orders early. Choice stock ; prompt attention. D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr. Blaoksburg, Ya. 1903 j THE SOUTHERN PLANTED. 129 FOR SAX* At a price which he can easily earn himself out In a single season, the Imported and Registered Hackney Stallion — The Duke son of Silver Star and Lady Fanny, by Rob Roy. This horse ts good looking, of fine size and well made, having no waste substance. He is a sure foal getter and his produce sell readily. Simply offered be- cause I wish to procure a horse of different breeding to cross on Allies sired by The Duke. Address T. O. SANDY, The Grove Stock Farm, BURKEVILLE,VA- COLLIE PUPS! By prize-winning imported sires and trained dams. Eligible. Fit for bench, ranch or farm. Prise, $10, either sex. Also a book on the care and training of the Collie for all practical uses. Price, 50c. Copy of book free to purchaser of Collie. Stock Farm, "MAPLEMONT," Albany, Ver. POLAND-CHINAS Closely related to such famous hogs as Anderson's Model, Model of 97, Hands Off, etc. Choice pigs, and gilts for sale. Sock that will please and not disappoint you. References and testi- monials furnished Also extra good, dark-red, 8 mos.-old SHORTHORN BULL CALF for sale. Prices right. J. F. DURRETTE, Birdwood, Albemarle Co., Va. BERKSHIRE PIGS I have n few first-class eight weeks old BERKSHIRE PIGS for sale. From registered stock, Biltmore strain. Prices quoted on request. HENRY W.WOOD, - Hollybrook Farm, Box 330. Richmond, Va. Large English Berkshire Hogs, Barred Plymouth RockChickens BEN. BOLT, 60747, 430 lbs. as a yearling at head of herd. .ss=-EGGS IN SEASON. JOHN P. FOSTER, Nocreek, Ohio Co., Ky. Ayrshires, Berkshires and Oxford-Downs. ^Ayrsnire calves of both sexes, Berkshire pigs and boar, and 2 Oxford-Down Rams For Sale. MELROSE C4STLE FARM, ENOS H. HESS, Manager, Casanova, Va. lUCflDl GR1TC are handsome, hardy and AnUUnA QUA I profitable. For large cir- cular address E. W. COLE & CO.. KanUn. Ohla. FOR SALE at SIO each, Three pure-bred ANGORA BUCKS Price includes crating and delivery on cars at Columbia, Va., C. & O. R. R. A good flock of Angoras can be built up by using pure bucks in cross- ing with common does. THE GROWTH OF OUR SHOE IN- DUSTRY. The boots, shoes and slippers made by machinery in the United States, every year, would provide a pair of some kind for more than one-seventh of the inhab- tants of the eartb. If they were arranged by pairs, heels and toes touching, they would make a belt that would encircle the globe, with enough to spare to stretch across the North American Continent from New York to San Francisco. Placed singly, heel and toe, they would go around the world two and one-half times. If placed on the tracks of our great trunk railroads, the rights on one rail and the lefts on the other, they would cover the irons, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, of all the continental lines that now cross our country. The hides and skins used to form this immense quantity of shoes come from all over the world, but chiefly from the East Indies, South America and Europe ; and if they were sewed together in one sheet, they would make a tent large enough to cover Manhattan Island. The following statistics, showing the condition of the industry, were furnished in advance of their general publication by S. N. D. North, Chief Statistician of the United States Census for manufac- turers : Pairs of Boots and Shoes Made in 1900. For men, youths and boys 89,123,318 For women, misses and chil- dren 107,415,855 Slippers for men, etc 4,456,965 Slippers, Oxfords and low-cuts for women 12,655,876 Allother kinds 5,583,405 C. E. JONES, Carysbrook, Va. Total pairs 219,235,419 Total value, wholesale $261,028,580 00 Cost of materials used 169,604,054 00 Capital invested 101,795,233 00 Wages paid 59,175,883 00 Average number of wage earners employed 142,922 The industry is largely concentrated in New England, chiefly in Massachusetts, where, in 1900, 45 per cent, of the pro- duction was turned out, principally in Brockton, Lynn, and Haverhill, and the smaller places in the immediate neigh- borhood. The figures for Massachusetts are as follows : Value of product $117,115,243 09 Cost of materials used 75,751,964 00 Capital invested 37,577,630 00 Wages paid 27,745,820 00 Average number of wage- earners employed 58,645 Since 1890 the production in the whole country has increased a little over 18 per cent.; the cost of materials used 42 and eight-tenths per cent.; while the capitali- zation has only increased 6 and eight- tenths per cent., and the number of wage- earners 6 and nine- tenths per cent. Ten years ago Massachusetts produced over 52 per cent, of the total ; but while she has made an absolute gain in the value of goods turned out, in 1900 she had less capital invested and fewer es- tablishments engaged in the manufac- ture of shoes than in 1890. During the last decade, the effectiveness of the ma- chinery used in the manufacture has been greatly increased. — Robert Grieve, in the February Success. FINE SEED CATALOGUE. That the Griffith & Turner Company of Baltimore, Md., propose to occupy a high position among seedsmen is apparent from the magnificence of their catalogue. It is indeed a most handsome book. The attention is arrested at once by the ele- gant front cover page, and with any one at all interested in the garden, the inter- est is kept up unti lhe has looked through all its pages. It contains 145 pages, and is profusely illustrated with large size cuts of vegetables, fruits and flowere. They also catalogue a full and complete line of agricultural implements. One cannot escape the conclusion, both from the illustrations and from the extended and painstaking descriptions, that the Company is endeavoring to present only the best to their customers, and that their patrons are to know what the char- acteristic aod qualities of what they are buying are, before placing their orders. Their advertising is elsewhere in this paper. They are perfectly reliable, and their trade, already large, is rapidly growing. Every one interested in fruits or vegetables should at least send for %he catalogue, which is mailed free. Look up the advertisement for correct address. BOWLING GREEN SHORTHORNS. HERD NUMBERS 75 HEAD. HEADED by the Scotch bull ROYAL CAN- ADA 136788. Cruickshank and Scotch tribes represented are Duchess of Gloster, Non- pareil, Mina, Rose of Strathalean, Ury, Crim- son Flower and Louisa. Also popular Amer- ican families. FOR SALE Cows, heifers and young bulls Foundation herds a specialty; inspection sollcl ited, and if notified parties will be metat depot D. M. KIPPS, Success, Warren Co., Va. DORSETS Of 16 rams, 9 to 14 mos. old, we now have on hand, 4 are not quite good enough to head any herd in the United States. The best ram HardiDg could And in England now heads our flock. Are buying a few ewes: none to sell, but are booking orders for October dropped ewe lambs. WOODLAND FARM, Mechanlcsburg, O. (J. E. Wing, Willis O. Wing, Chas. B. Wing.) DORSETS and HEREFORDS H. ARMSTRONG, • Lantz Mills, Va. FOR SALE. 5 Reg. HEREFORD BULLS From G mos. to 3 yrs. old. 8 Reg. HEIFERS From 6 to 18 mos. old. At reasonable prices. HAYFIELDS STOCK FARM, Cockeysviile, Md. RUPTURE ? r URED while you work ■» w ■ ■»»■%■. y ou pay j 4 W hen cured. No cure, no pay. ALEX. SPEIRS, Box 844. Westbiook, Maine. Woodland Farm*^ 130 THE SOUTHERN FLANTEK f February THE MILLER MANURE SPREADER' The practical benefits following the use of manure spreaders in the country have led to a large demand for such machines throughout the entire United States. Va- rious manufacturers have added such a machine to their line, and jobbers have seen the advantage of carrying them also. The Miller Spreader has proved a win- ner in previous years, but 1903 has been improved in every particular where trou- ble has arisen. Malleable iron is used on this machine for every part where strength is required. A method has been devised for driving from both wheels, which gives double traction power. The cylinder is now made two inches larger than heretofore, and is made with eight beaters instead of six. A new end-gate, which can be raised or lowered at will from the driver's seat, does away with some of the objectionable features com- mon to most manure spreaders. This ma- chine is low down, which makes it very easy to load. There are other excellent and exclusive features, among which are the following : It is just the right width to straddle corn-rows and leave all the land evenly covered with manure This is a strong feature on corn-stubble land, owing to the fact that other machines cannot do good work without driving team and spreader wheels on the cut corn-hills, a thing that any farmer knows is impossible. The Miller is the only spreader that will do perfect work in winter with ma- nure from the stable daily. We have solid bottom, which is scraped clean every load ; nothing can freeze to it, as in tread-power bottom machines. It doubles the value of manure by cov- f ring two acres where you could only cover one by hand. For further particulars, address The Newark Machine Co., Newark, Ohio. A MUNIFICENT GIFT. The Studebaker Bros. Manufacturing Company, of South Bend, Ind., has just presented to the Young Men's Christian Association of that city $200,000 in cash, to be used in the construction and equip ment of a magnificent new building for the uses of the Association. The building is to be a memorial to the original five Studebaker Brothers, who have always been closely identified with philanthro- pic and charitable work. This munifi- cent gift will give South Bend one of the handsomest Young Men's Christian Asso- ciation buildings in the United States. THE DEMING CATALOGUE. The 1903 Catalogue of the Deming Com- pany of Salem, Ohio, is just off the press. It includes hand, bucket, knapsack, bar- rel, mounted and power sprayers. In certain sprayers of their line, notably the Century, Simplex, Peerless and Success Knapsack Sprayers, the mechanical agi- tation of the liquid, insuring the perfect mixing of poison with the water, is worked out to a nicety. The wide adap- tability and general usefulness of the line cannot be realized without perusing the catalogue, as usual. It will be mailed to any one writing for it. Four of the Famous workers that have made the Iron Age line of farm and garden implements known all over the continent. You can make more money this year than last If you will decide now to let them help you. Look at the good points of iron Age implements Improved-Robbing Potato Planter, Figure out how much time, work, seed, fertili- zer, &c, you might save with a very small outlay, by buying Iron Age implements. They have won their way by hon- est performance o f every promise. Write for free book. No. 60 Iron Age Pivot Wheel Cultivator. BATEMAN MFC. CO. Box 167, Crenloch. JERSEY Bred from high-testing St. Lambert Cows. LARGE YORKSHIRE HOGS. The BACON BREED now leading all other breeds for making high-priced bacon. INDIAN GAMES-The king of table fowls. WHITE WYAJTDOTTES— The best general-purpose fowl. WHITE LEGHORN- All sold out. Address BOMMONT FHRMS, Srlbw, \£h. I^ETfgfai^fEJlJ^ raEiflfaEfl^ REGISTERED JERSEYS,—. REGISTERED BERKSHIRES. YOUNG STOCK OF BOTH KINDS J> Jk FOR SALE, jfi J> pal a 5 a s a a si SJ 5 a FOREST HOME FARM, Purcellville, Va. is 5 a s a a HOL81EINS THAT PAY. Purchasers are offered selections from our herd, both male and female ; our cows are of the leading strains, including De Kols, Pauline Pauls, Mech- thildes. Hengervelds, Netherlands, Aggies, etc., etc. They are *11 well bred and milking from 40 to 65 lbs. per day. Herd headed by Ury ALWINA Count Paul De Kol and DeKol 29 Butter Boy 3rd No. 2. THOS. FASSITT & SONS, Ury Stock Farm, Svlmar, Md. "When corresponding -with advertisers, always mention The Southern Planter. 1903 j THE SOUTHERN PLANTEB. 131 Extension top surrey piano i arge f u ]\ s \ ze body for this top butjgry body HO, 22 or 2i in. wide, seat has solid panel spring back. Wheels, choice of height and size, 3 or 4 how top. Boot, storm apron, shafts and anti-rattlers. J r styles top buggies illus- ^0 trated with 1-ir^e cuts fully described in catalog. SEND FOR OUR CATALOG. -oomy seats spring backs and cushions. Axles 1 1-lfiin. Lamps and fenders extra. Every ve- hicle guaranteed lor two full years. nn other styles surreys in LL our big catalogue. For this top buggy with Guaranteed RubberTires, lid with solid panel piano body, roomy se^t.sc panel spring back and spring cushion, 3 or 1 how top. The Most Wonderful Bargain in a guaranteed rubber tired buggy ever offered. Write for free catalogue. It has larpe illustrations and full descriptions. It illustrates and fully describes every ki Cut this ad out and mail to us and we For this large, roomy phaeton, just what you want for solid comfort, wide, roomy spring cushion, solid panel spring back 23 in. high. Trimmed with heavy imported all wool broadcloth. Full patent leather fenders, large lamp*. long diatance axles. Retailo for nearly twice our price, nd of a vehicle and harness made, ill mail the catalogue FREE For this high arched axle, low wheel. Guar- anteed Rubber Tired driving wagon, open head springs, long dis- tance axles, Bradley couplers, Bailey loops, stick seat, rubber pad* dedsteps.Trimmingfine whipcord or broadcloth. 21 other styles. Don't buy until you nee our catalogue and most wonderful offers. Stick seat driving wagon. Long distance axles, Bai- ley loops All complete. 3M Platform spring wagon, 7 ft. body, heavy gear and wheels; 12 other styles spring wagons in catalog. MARVIN SMITH CO., No. 105. Sir, -lo h&rnci, Nick. Im. rubber trim. J7.00. No.lSO. I'M. harness, traces 1 « in. 114.60 »8 styles shown in Catalogue. 55-57-59 N. Jefferson St., CHICACO, ILL. GREAT POULTRY BOOK FREE. On another page of this issue of our paper will be found a new season's ad- vertisement of the Cyphers Incubator Co., Buffalo, N. Y. We wish to point out to those of our readers who have seen their annual books and cat- alogues in the past that the New Year Book for 1903, entitled " How to Make Money with Poultry and Incubators," now being sent out, is in every way supe- rior to i's predecessors. Nothing has been left undone to make this Poultry- man's Guide and Catalogue most enter- taining and instructive, devoted exclu- sively to the real business of growing and marketing poul.ry for profit. " How to Make Money with Poultry and Incubators," consists of 196 pages, 8x11 inches in size, is profusely illustra- ted, giving over 300 photographic views of many of the largest and most success- ful poultry plants in the United States. England, Germany, New Zealand and South Africa, and contains twelve special chapters, each written by an expert, treating of profitable poultry keeping in all branches, as follows : Starting with an Incubator, Handling Chicks in a Brooder, Feeding the Chicks, Duck Producing on a Large Scale, Broiler Raising, Profitable Egg Farming, The Egg and Poultry Com- bination, Egg and Fruit Farming, Scratch- ing Shed. House Plans, Incubator Cellar and Brooding House Plans, Feeding for Eggs, and Standard Bred Poultry. Everything is made so plain that it can be understood by all. Those of our readers who have never seen a "Cyphers" Annual Guide, and are interested in the latest developments in incubators, brood- ers, poultry foods and appliances, should write at once to the Cyphers Iucubator Company's nearest office, Buffalo, N. Y., Chicago, 111., Boston, Mass., or New York City, N. Y., and they will send a copy free, postage paid (during the next thirty days only), provided you mention this paper. "I b'lieve in havin' a good time when you start out to have it. If you git knocked out of one plan, you want to git yerself another right quick, before yer sperrits h£s a chance to fall." — From "Lovey Mary," The Century, February, 1903. Reg. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje and Artis families. Heavy milkers and rich in butter fat. Stock of all ages for sale. R€CJ. BERKSHIRES From noted strains, Imported Headlight, Lord Highclere and Sunrise. B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS, Fifteen Cockerels for sale. N. and W. and Southern R. R. T. O. SANDY, Burkeville, Va. JERSEY and GUERNSEY ^CATTLE^ BsrkShirS HOPS, young boars ready for 'ervice, and Pigs in pairs or trios not akin. Large, young Bronze Turkeys. A few Plymouth Rock and Brown Leghorn Fowls. All the above stock ready for shipment now. A FEW BEAUTIFUL FOX TERRIER PUPPIES AT $5 EACH. M. B. ROWE <& CO., Fredericksburg, Va. POLAND- CHINAS. Tecumseh G, 49283. Have sold out all pigs on hand and am now booking orders for pigs from my spring litters. Have a limited number of YOUNG SOWS in pig FOR SALE. Address J. B. GRAY, FREDERICKSBURG. VA. 'THE OAKS SHORTHORNS FOR SALE 2 Reg. Bull Calves; 2 Reg. Cows; 1 three-year-old Reg. Bull (immune) raised south of Petersburg. Va. All right in every particular. — B. B. BUCHANAN, Bedford City, Va. 132 THE BOUTHEEN PLANTER. I February The Venezuelan and Panama Canal situations are editorially discussed in the Review of Reviews for February. In ad dition to his comments on these very prominent topics of the hour, the editor gives his usual valuable survey of the month's important happenings, at home and abroad. Among the contributed ar- ticles there are two character sketches of exceptional interest ; "Abram S. Hewitt, a Great Citizen," is the subject of a dis- criminating tribute from the pen of Ed- ward M. Shepard, the New York lawyer and politician, who knew Mr. Hewitt in- timately, while George Perry Morris re- views the too brief career of Mrs. Alice Freeman Palmer, the former president of Wellesley College and a leader in many intellectual movements. The art treasures of the late Henry G. Marquand, many of which were sold recently in New York at almost fabulous prices, are de- scribed in an illustrated article by Ernest Knaufft. The latest developments in wireless telegraphy are recounted by Prof. A. Frederick Collins, while Mr. Thomas C. Martin describes the new Pa- cific cable lines — the all- American and the all-British. Prof. Frank A. Wilder gives much interesting information about the coal deposits of our great Northwest. The fullest statement yet published of the impending land reforms in Ireland is furnished by Mr. Walter Wellman, who has just returned from that country. The recent Taff Vale Railway decision in Eng- land on the rights and liabilities of labor unions in connection with strikes is re- viewed by Mr. A. Maurice Low. " Some Taxation Problems and Reforms" is the subject of a comprehensive article by Sec- retary Commons of the National Civic Federation. " Some Cartoon Comments," " Leading Articles of the month," and the other regular departments, round out the number. AN INEXPENSIVE COFFEE FRUIT CAKE. To make coffee fruit cake, beat half a pound of butter to a cream ; add one cup- ful of brown sugar. Dissolve a teaspoon- fal of baking powder in two tablespoon- fuls of water ; add it to half a pint of New Orleans molasses; add this to the butter and sugar; add a teaspoonful of allspice, one egg well beaten, a table- spoonful of cinnamon and one grated nutmeg. Mix a quarter of a pound of shredded citron, two pounds of seedless raisins and three-quarters of a pound of cleaned currants. Measure three cupfuls of pastry flour ; take sufficient from it to flour the fruit thoroughly. Add half a pint of warm, strong coffee to the sugar mixture ; then add the flour ; beat until smooth ; add the fruit, pour into well- greased cake pans, and bake slowly in a moderate oven. "Don't you go an' git sorry for yerself. That 's one thing I can't stand in no- body There 's always lots of other folks vou kin be sorry fer 'stid of yerself. Ain't you proud you ain't got a hare lip? Why that one thought is enough to keep me from ever gittin' sorry for myself."— From "Lovey Mary," The Century, De- cember, 1902. ANNEFIELD HEREFORDS, " PRINCE RUPERT," No. 79539. Winner Sweepstakes at Kansas City, 19C1. Herd rich in " Anxiety " blood. BERKSHIRE HOGS_^ FINEST STRAINS OF BLOOD. INSPECTION INVITED CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. EDWARD G. BUTLER, - " Annefield Farms," Briggs, Clarke Co., Va. CASTALIA HEREFORDS... The breeding cows and herd bulls at " Castalia " have been se- lected with one aim ; THE BEST, REGARDLESS TO COST. Herd headed by the $3.000 00 Imported SALISBURY, assisted by LARS, JR. I have now for sale a very fine bunch of bull calves by these bulls, also a few females. Visitors are welcome and met at station. Write your needs. MURRAY BOOCOCK. Keswick, Va. BACON HALL FARM. HEBEFOBD RESiSTEBEO CATTLE "TOP" BREEDING, CALVES NOT AKIN. MOTTO— Satisfaction or no Sale. E, M. GILLET & SON, Glencoe, Maryland. ROW OFFERS FOR SALE HEBEFORi) CATTEE.— Calves, entitled to registration, 875 to 8100. Grade Calves by "Sir Edward " 825 to $40. 8HROFSHIBE SHIKP — Bucks one year old and over, $15 to $20. Back Lambs, July de- livery, $10. and 812. Ewe Lambs, July delivery, 88. and $10. pei.AND-^HiMA nous — Pigs, six weeks old, 85. Pigs, two or three months old, $7.10, Pigs, five months and over, 815 to 820. M. BROIZE TUB KETS — Tom s, 84. Hens, 88. Eggs, per sitting of 12, when in season, $4. MUSOOVT DOCKS.- Pure White Drakes, 81.25. Pore White Ducks, 81. .Pairs, 82.25; trios, 8t BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS. KO Ii EM UEEAE — Ganders, $2 M. Geese, 88.60. Eggs, per sitting, $3.00 WILLIAM L, Jr., No. 21058, half brother of AxteU, will serve ft limited number of mores for 828 the geftsee. Mares boarded at lowest ngures per month. 1W3.J THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 131 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I U4m //' / DAN PATCH Officially Timed at Readville, Mass., Sept. 23, in 1:59 'A Champion Harness Horse of the world. This Engraving wa» made from a Photograph taken when ready to race. THE $60,000 PACING STALLION Just purchased by M. W. Savage, Minneapolis, Minn., as one of the leading stallions for his "International Stock Food Farm.'' The purchase of Dan Patch was a tremendous sensation in horse circles, and was taken up and given columns of notices in all of the leading dailies throughout the entire country. The price was over Three times as much as was ever paid for a pacer, and by far the largest price paid for a harness horse for a long terra of years. This farm is now one of the most famous horse- breeding farms in the world, as Mr. Savage owns the Three Fastest Stallions ever owned by one man or by one farm, Dan Patch 1 :59li — Directum 2:05^— Roy Wilkes 2:06}^. The establishing of this farm in Minnesota, 12 miles from Minneapolis, means a great deal for the live stock interest of the Northwest as well as for the entire world. It will add thousands of dollars every year to the live stock interests of Minnesota alone, and Mr. Savage expects to prove to the world that high-class harness horses can be raised iu the Northwest as well as in otherparts of the United States. You are cordially invited to visit "International Stock Food Farm" whenever you are in this vicinity. You will find the cele- brated "International Stock Food" 83~3 FEEDS for ONE CENT"®8 fed every day to our Stallions, Brood Mares, Colts, Race Horses and other stock. "International Stock Food" has the largest sale in the world for Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Hogs, Colts, Calves, Lambs and Pigs. Over 50,000 dealers sell it on a "Spot Cash Guarantee"to Refund Your Money if the results of feeding it are not perfectly satisfactory to you. It will cause your colts and other young stock to grow rapidly even during the winter. Keeps them free from worms and tones up and strengthens the entire system. «S=-It Will Pay You To Test It At Our Risk On Your Stock. IT CONTAINS 183 LARGE ENGRAVINGS OF BORSES, CATTLE, SHEEP. POULTRY, ETC. ft* Cover of this Book is & Beautiful Live Stock Picture OS-Printed In Six Brilliant Colors. Book is GV 2 by 9}fi« See engraving for greatly reduced design of cover. It cost as $3000 to have our Artists and Engravers make these life Engravings. This Book contains a Finely Illustrated Veterinary Department that will Save You Hundreds of Dollars. It describes common Diseases, and tells how to treat them. It also gives Description, History and Illustrations of the Different Breeds of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Goats, Hogs and Poultry. It contains testimonials, and Life EngravinffB of many very noted Animals. The Editor Of This Paper Will Tell You That You Ought To Have This Book In Your Library For Reference. $10.00 CASH, we will send you, IF BOOK IS NOT AS STATED. Tain Book Mailed Free, Postage Prepaid. If You Write Is (letter or postal) and Answer These 2 Questions: 1st.— Name This Paper. 2d.— How Much Stock Have You? Write us today for book. Largest Stock Food Factory in the World. Capital Paid in, $1,000,000. We Occupy 62,000 Feet of Floor Space. International Stock Food Co., HIN NEAPO LIS, We employ over 300 people and hare Hundreds of Thousands of Testimo- MINN., I. 9. A. nials from Farmers and Stockmen. ENTIRELY AT OUR RISK. > M I ! 15! 1 I I I I I I I II I I I I I I I I I I I 1 M I D I I I I I I I I i 1 I I I U ! I H I SPLIT HICKORY vs. SAWED' A vehicle is only as strong as its weakest part. A wheel, with Sj^hub, spokes and fel- *'-^T lows made from the ^strongest wood, if the wood is sawed across the grain, has little strength. The "Split Hickory" line of vehicles, as their name indicates, is constructed of split hickory not sawed — and is of greatest strength and endur (% ~ a n c e and :.c yT-a »-^,-T u ni f or mlv Btrong in all its parts. To obtain these splendid, strong and stylish vehicles, send to Station 41, the Ohio Carriage Manufacturing Company, Cincinnati, 0., for complete illustrated catalogue. Their prices are low, quality high, and their thirty days' free trial offer is genuine and bona fide. Three Mention the Southern Planter in writing Japan Plums And all other desirable standard and new varieties of PLUMS, APPLE, PEACH, PEAR and ORNAMENTAL TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES, Etc. HEADQUARTERS FOR TENNESSEE PROLIFIC STRAWBERRY. The Most Sellable Variety Ever grown in the South. hundred and fifty acres under cultivation. Write Ins if yon contemplate planting. Catalogue free. AGENTS WANTED. WRITE FOB TERMS. W. X. HOOD <5c CO., OLD DOMINION NURSERY. RICHMOND, VA. 134 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [February The American Free Trade League send us copy of the Free Trade Almanac, for which we return thanks. It would do the hide-bound protectionists good to study the matter contained in this issue. TAKEN ORDERS. When Miss Lucy wanted particularly fine chickens, she always drove over to see old Aunt Etta, who had a scrap of a farm and made a specialty of raising chickens for the quality folks. One day, as the lady stopped in front of the cabin, Aunt Etta came out and hung over the gate. "Chickens!" she exclaimed in answer to her customer's request,— "chickens ! Why, law, Miss Lucy, don't you all know there's been a camp-meetin' and preach- ers' conference down here ? Why, 1 ain't got one chicken left- They're all done entered the ministry." — N. E. All^nder, in February Lippincolt's. THE GROWTH OF THE SEED HOUSE- The above cut is a faithful picture of the extensive new building recently oc- cupied by J. Bolgiano & Son, of Balti more, Md. This concern is one of the oldest and most substantial in the East, with a record and reputation extending far back into the very infancy of modern seed business. Their growth has been most commendable, because it has been forced upon them more by the excellency of their products than by a grasping de- sire to capture everything. Some of their most noted specialties this season are the New Century Tomato, Ruby King Rad- ish, New Leader Cabbage and the New Early Fortune Cucumber. In their stock is also to be found fresh tested seeds of the Rocky Ford Cantaloupe. Valentine Beans, Alaska and Gradus Peas, and a general line of farm and garden seeds. Look up their advertisement elsewhere in our paper and write for the catalogue, kindly mentioning where you saw this notice. 1903. s^Farm Right and Prosper. JThe farmer's genius is shown and hi3 prosperity meas- ured by what he works with. AVERY'Sit^LI* . have the mod- ^ ern idea, make your lands yield the most , with least labor, give you such •ad van tapes as money makers in other call- ™— ingsenjoy. Write our nearest house about any Labor-Saving Im- plements you require. \B. F. Avery & Sons, 1 Manufacturers, Louisville, Ky. Memphis, Tenn. New Orleans, La. Dallas, Tex. The Line Includes Up-to-Date Disc Plows,] Sulky & Gang Plows, , Stalk Cutters, Subsoilers, Planters, Cultivators, Etc. CLEN ALLEN HERD OF J* ..ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE.. Headed by ALLENHURST KING IV 4T199, Assisted by VICTOR G., No. 3T693. I am now offering for sale a few choice young bulls of serviceable age, at a bargain. Any one wanting bnlls from prize- winning families at a moderate price, will save time and money by calling on or addressing GLEN ALLEN STOCK FARM, W. P. ALLEN, Prop., Walnut Hill, Va. A Neat BINDER for your back num- bers can be had for 25 cents. Address ine Business Office. SUNNY HOME HERD OF ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE. BARON ROSEBOY (The great son of the world-famous GAY BLACKBIRD) in service. Nearly all the leading families of the breed represented by females sired by the most famous bulls of the age. Wechallenge comparis on both as to individual excel- lence aDd pedigree. Another car of grand cows just arrived, personally selected from one of the best herds in central Illinois. Tne tops out of one hundred head. Six animals of the same family and strain as ROSEG AY (for two years the champion of America), others equally good. All young stuff of weaning age sold ; am booking orders for future delivery. Write your wants; we are bound to please you. ^ L. FRENCH. Proprietor. Fitzgerald, N. O. Rockingham Co., 24 miles south-west of Danville, Va., on D. & W. Ry. POLAND CHINA BOARS BSirTHE KIND THAT GETS BIG.^a Sired by son of PROUD PERFECTION. Have now 8 on hand, from 2 to 3 months old. Price, $10 for 2 months old, $11 for 3 months. Expressage prepaid to Virginia poinis. Your money back if you are not satisfiied. -Doswell, Virginia. ^ # BULLEIELD FARMS, 1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 135 THE ADVANTAGES OF FARM LIFE' It is the farmers' boys who are most likely to succeed, whether in business or in professional life. Spending most of their time under the open sky, oreathing fresh air, and eating simple food, they are more likely to have vigorous health and strong constitutions than are their city cousins. Brought into constant contact with nature, they absorb a great deal of useful knowledge, and ac- quire habits of observation. Then, too, the regular farm work, the 'chores," and numberless other little things keep them well occupied, and enable them to feel that they are earning their way, thus giving to them a sense of independence and cul- tivating a spirit of self-reliance and man- liness. The performance of a deal of drudgery is an indispensable preparation for ail real success in life, whatever the occupa- tion. A boy who is afraid of work or of soiling bis hands need not expect to accomplish much in the world. Countrv boys have their full share of fun, but there are many disagreeable duties on a farm which farmers' boys learn to accept as a matter of course. Edward Eggleston, epeaking of the value of his farm training when a boy, once said to me : " I learned one thing of great value, and that was to do disagreeable things cheerfully."— J o- siah Strong, in " Uncle Sam's Talks on Our Country," in February " Success." FAMOUS PRESCRIPTION FOR ALL HOUSEKEEPERS. Dr. O. B. Joyful, 21 Sunshine Avenue. Office Hours : 6 A. M. to 12 P. M. A little dash of water cold, A little leaven of prayer, A little bit of sunsbine gold, Dissolved in morning air. Add to your meal some merriment, Add thought for kith and kin, And then as a prime ingredient A plenty of work thrown in ; Flavor it all with essence of love And a little dash of play ; Then a nice old book and a glance above Complete the happy day. Take daily, and repeat. " Patrick Murphy was taking a walk one Sunday through a field where cows were grazing. The bull took after him, and before he could get over the f^nce the bull caught him with its hrrns and pitched him right over into the adjoin- ing field. When he got himself gathered up, the bull was standing on the other side of the fence, scraping and booing. " Oh, be me sow]," said Pat. " ye needn't stand there apologizing, for ve intinded it all the toime." Ruth was watching mamma for the first time prepare some hominy for break- t'A "^ h * 1 is that ' mamma?" she asked. "It's himiny." said mamma. Ruth still looked puzzled, and pretty soon she said again, "What is that?" Hominy," mamma answered once more, and somewhat impatiently Ruth looked at her and said, "Why, I don't know how many !" Portable Saw Mills with Engines uml Boilers Complete. Made in seven sizes, friction feed, cable lightning gig, patent chain set works and improved dogs. AJAX CEMTEK t'K.VNK ICN<;iXKs nre constructed with especial reference to the peculiar work minircd of them. This com- bination of engine and mill makes the best sawmill outiit on earth. A. B. Farquhar Co., Ltd York, Pa. UU W UM W -M . . ' ' ■ ■ ■■ RUMSBY-WILLIAMS [COMPANY - ._, r _ .. _ ....... GASOLINE ENGINES and GRAIN THRESHERS. ST. JOHNSVILLE, NEW YORK. SIR JOHN BULL and UNCLE SAM Have become so famous that I found a multiplication of their progeny neceesary to the filling of orders ; hence I have added a large number of purest-bred Imported and American Sows, no akin to my old herd, and most of them now in farrow to Im- ported Berkshire Boars of a new strain. HUNTING DOGS and PUPS FOR SALB. A DURHAH BULL CALF, a picture, cheap. Write for particulars. TMOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, Lexington, Ta, CISMONT DORSETS.. ~n CISMONT STOCK FARM offers well developed young Dorsets of the best blood of England and America. Prices reasonable. G. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va. RIPPLEY'Sc^noul Steam Cookers sold untiera guarantee for cooking feed, heating Poultry, Hop: and Dairy houses, heating water in stock tanksor cooking feed 200 ft. from Cooker. Aremadeof boilersteel; no flues to rust or leak. Can be used outside orin house. Safeasastove. Willcook25bu. offeed in2hrs. Used and emlorsed by Wis.. la., Va., Ga. and Ont. State Experiment Stations. Firstprcmium atOmahaandToronto Expositions. IIij:hcst honors at Tex..Il].,Ind., 0. Wis., Neb.. la. and S. Dak. State Fairs. So simple children ran them. Wo manufacture n styles, 15 sixes of Cookers. Prices $5.00 to 946.00. Wo pay froight on Steam Cookers. Cooker and Breeders' Supply Catalogue and prices mailed free. RIPPLET HARDWARE CO.. Cooker Mfrt., Boi 70 GRAFTON, ILLINOIS. When corresponding with Advertisers, always say that you saw their advertisement in The Southern Planter. 136 THE SOUTHEBN PLA.NTEB. [February One very cold day Tom, in his first trousers, was walking along with his tiny overcoat turned back to its utmost limit. "Tom," said his father, meeting the child, " button your coat." But the boy demurred. " Look at mine," added his father. "Yes," said Tom, ruefully, and obeying under protest, "but everybody knows that you wear trouserB '!" A minister whose education in business matters had been sadly neglected had a small charge, and eked out a living by writing for the papers. One day he re- ceived a check for $15, made payable to his order. He took it to the local bank, and, handing it in, was told to indorse it. He hesitated a moment, and then, taking up the precious document, wrote on the back : " I heartily indorse this check." TOWNS MADE BY RAILWAYS. To-day towns do not grow merely be- cause of their location, and this factor of location will become less and less impor- tant as the years go by. Chicago is situ- ated upon the most impossible an un- lovely of all places of human habitation. She is simply a city of transportation and is no better than her rails and boats, though by her rails and boats she lives in every Western State and Territory. The same is true of St. Louis and the vast Southwest. One railroad recently planned for Western extension, and laid out along its lines the sites of thirty eight new towns, each of which was located and named before the question of inhab- itants for the towns was ever taken up. Another railway in the Southwest has named fifty cities that are yet to build, and still others have scores of communi- ties which in time are to be the battle- grounds of human lives, the stages of the human tragedy or comedy. The railways have not only reached, but created prov- inces ; they have not only nourished, but conceived communities. Maine Lawyer — What is vour opinion of the character of Deacon Blank ? Witness (cautiously) — 1 never heard nothin' agin him. "Don't you know him to be an honest man ?" "Wall, he's bem fair an' square in all his dealin's with me, and with others as far as I know." "Isn't that sufficient to prove him a man of sterling integrity?" "Wall, I dunno. I never traded horses w th him." "You never kin tell which way any pleasure is a' comin'. Who ever would 'a' thought, when we aimed at the ceme- tery, that we 'd land up at a first-class fire?"— From "Lovey Mary," The Cen- tury, February, 1903. "The way to git cheerful is to smile when you feel bad, to think about some- body else's headache when yer own is 'most bustin', to keep on believin' the sun is a-shinin' when the clouds is thick enongh to cut." — From "Lovey Mary," T he Century, January, 1903. The Miller MANURE SPREADER and PULVERIZER Is a machine every farmer should have. It will SAVE YOU its cost in a short while. IT MAKES FRIENDS WHEREVER SOLD. Write for catalogue. THE NEWARK MACHINE CO., Mention the Southern Planter when you write. Newark, Ohio. Made for the Mail Who Wants the / Best. The^fireat Western Manure Spreader Mention the Southern Planter when cor- eepo nding with advertisers. spreads all kinds of manure, (resh, well rotted, fine, coarse, bard, mixed, full of straw, full of com stalks, etc. Will also spread compost, lime, land plaster, salt, wood ashes, cotton seed and hulls, and In every ease do it quicker, better and more evenly than it can be done by hand. Spreads as much manure in one day as twelve men can load and spread by hand and the job is much better when done. Spreads the largest load a team can haul in 2 to 4 minutes. It makes the same amount of manure go three times as far and atthe same time produce better results. DCpill ITCH to spread much or little while in motion. Puts CMJl! CQQ 1 DD ft U— always ready to load. Noturninj nuUULIll LU iton thick on poor spots— 2to251oads per acre. LflULCOO AinUd back into position with crank. OnilDflUrn linnn ilin [Tun PATC keepsmanure away from beater while loading: and acts as hood in spreading. UUIflDlntU nUUU JU1U tHU Uai C Catches all flying sticks, stones, etc. Front wheels cut under, and machine can be turned i n its own length, and will double the crops. Makes all manure so fine and spreads it soevenlythatitisimmediatelyavailableforplantfoo' Madein two styles and four sizes. Capacity 30 to 70 bushels. Itsavestime, labor and money • d. I iDGC PATH flhlltT 10by 13 inches, with 8 large cuts shows the spreader perfectly and describes it fully. Tells also how LB nOt lift I uLUUUL to apply manure to secure best results. Mailed free. f SMITH MANURE SPREADER CO., 55 N. JEFFERSON ST., CHICAGO. ILL* BLACKLEGINE Pasteur Blackleg Vaccine ready for use. UpARATlf Single Blacklegine (for common stock): 10 dose box, $1.50; 20 close box, $2.50; 50 dose box,- $6.00. Double Blacklegine (for choice stock) $2.00 for 10 doses, first lymph and secoud lymph inclu- sive. Blacklegine Outfit for applying Blacklegine, 50 cents. Pasteur Vaccine Co., CHICAGO - NEW YORK - FT. WORTH - SAN FRANCISCO. SPB* Y %*■ G ING IS EASY and you have an outfit always ready at a moment's notice for a small or large job in the GARFIELD KNAPSACK SPRAYER. Best sprayer made for nine-tenths of all work, as Cotton, Tobacco, Potatoes, Gardens, Shrubbery, etc. Easily carried and worked, simple and durable. Copper tank concaved to fit back, and all brass pump. Nothing to corrode. We also make the Empire King and Orchard Monarch, mounted sprayers for large operations, and others for all purposes. Fully described in free catalog, write for it. F | EL0 FORCE PUMP CO., 223 Eleventh St„Elmira. N.Y. W03.J THB SOUTHERN PLA2STTBB. 137 THE GENTLEMAN ON THE PLANTATION SHOULD HAVE AS MANY COMFORTS AND CON- VENIENCES AS THE GENTLEMAN IN THE CITY. With a WIND MILL or GASOLINE ENGINE farm work can be made easy and at a small cost. You can CUT and GRIND FEED, SAW WOOD, THRESH GRAIN, PICK PEANUTS, SHELL CORN, MAKE CIDER, PUMP WATER FOR STOCK, and LAST BUT NOT LEAST PUT WATER IN YOUR OWN HOUSE. STRATTON * BRAGG 20 and 22 N. Sycamore St., PETERSBURG, VA. You can have your Bath Tub, Water Closet and Hot and Cold Water in your own Home. WE CAN FIT YOU UP FROM START TO FINISH. We have our own compe- tent and skilled workmen, which we send out to install our fixtures. NO DISTANCE TOO FAR. Let us figure with you. ^fc2 «««46 IVANHOE POULTRY YARDS——™ Breeders of taP Exhibition Barred Plymouth Rocks ENGLISH CARRIERS AND HOMING PIGEONS. For information, address Ivanhoe Poultry Yards, Box 258, Richmond, va. 138 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [February ADVANTAGES OF CONSOLIDA- TIONS OF SCHOOLS. The educational problem of the pre- sent is the problem of the rural school. The cry has gone up for longer term, bet- ter supervison, better teaching, better houses, with improved equipment, in- cluding well selected libraries. The de- mand is for a school that shall be in every respect the center of a richer social life. This can never be so long as we have so many small schools. At the very basis of all reform of the rural school is the problem of consolidating small schools into larger ones centrally located. Consolidation of rural schools is made all the more necessary in the South be- cause of the great multiplicity of schools resulting from separate schools for the two races. In view of our problem, it is of interest to see the results of consolida- tion in other States. A summary made up from the reports printed and written from the eighteen States in which consolidation has been tried, shows the following advantages ac- cruing from the consolidation of small schools and the transportation of pupils at public expense : 1. The health of the children is bet- ter, the children being less exposed to stormy weather, and avoiding sitting in damp clothing. 2. Attendance is from 50 to 150 per cent, greater, more regular, and of lonsjer continuance. There is neither tardiness nor truancy. 3 Fewer teachers are required, so bet- ter teachers may be secured and better salaries paid. 4. Pupils work in graded schools and both teachers and pupils are under sys- tematic supervision. 6. Pupils are in better school houses, where there is better heating, lighting and ventilation, and more appliances of all kinds. 6. Better opportunity is afforded for special work, such as music, drawing, etc. 7. Cost in nearly all cases is reduced. This includes cost and maintenance of school Huildings, apparatus, furniture, and tuition. 8. School year is often much longer. 9. Pupils are benefitted by a widened circle of acquaintances and the culture resulting therefrom. 10. The whole community is drawD to- gether. 11. Public barges used for children in daytime may be used to transport their parents to public gatherings in the evenings. 12. Transportation makes possible the distribution of mail throughout the whole township daily. 13. Finally, by transportation the farm becomes, as of old, the ideal place in which to bring up children, enabling them to secure the advantages of centers of popu- lation and spend their evenings and holi- day time in the country in contact with nature and work, instead of idly loafing about town The Parson— Your wife, sir, is trying to run my church. Witherby— If that is really the case, the only thing for you to do is to join my poker club. Sizes 3 to 13 1-2 Feet. Agents Wanted Pulverizing Harrow * Clod Crusher and Leveler SENT ON TRIAL To be returned at my expense if not satisfactory, best pulverizer — cheapest Riding Har- row on earth. We also make walk- Acmes. The Acme crushes, cuts, pulverizes, turns and levels all soils for all pur- j|: poses. Made en- "" tirely of cast steel and wrought iron —indestructible. Catalog and Booklet, "An Ideal Harrow," by Henry Stewart, mailed free. I deliver free on board at New York, Chicago, Columbus, Louisville, Kansas City, Minneapolis, San Francisco, etc Address DUANE H. NASH, SOLE MANUFACTURER - MILLINGTON, NEW JERSEY. PLEASE MENTION THIS PAPER. POPULAR TOOLS FOB MARKET GARDENERS SEE SEED DROP Btr ai? htrow B at ff] J n pi a j n perfectly rogu- ,- ^L\- ., Sight Ifttcd -f depth ^iUfl and »part< NEW UNIVERSAL. Double Wheel Hoe, Cultivator, Rake, and Plow. Adjusta. Single Wheel Hoe Cultivator, Plow and Rake, for between row cultivation, Runs Easily. NEW UNIVERSAL M Drill & Cultivator &™ The only implement made which can be as seeder and cultivator. 1 or 'l wheels as de- sired. Quickly changed. Hlffh Arch ExpansknlNEW UNIVERSAL. Hoeisdoubleandsingle| Wheel PIOWS. I .heel combined. Adjustabletoanydepth.| Threestyles _ For Gardeners© W «„ POPULAR PRICES. 1903 catalogue of latest styles now ready. Free. and Poulterers. ==& AMES PLOW COMPANY, 56 MARKET STREET, BOSTON, MASS. For Sale by GRIFFITH & TURNER CO., BALTIMORE, MD. RODERICK LBN Implements Famous for good work. A cent spent for a postal requesting illustrated catalogue will save you dollars in the ' hase of Spike-tooth, Spring-tooth and Disc Harrows or Land Roll- ers. Don't buv until vou learn why the RODERICK LEAN are superior to any other. RODERICK LEAN MFC. CO., Mansfield,©. ASS ETS, $900. 000. Virginia Fire and flarine Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va. Insures Again st Fire a nd Lightning. ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF PROPERTY IN COUNTRY AND TOWN, PRIVATE OR PUBLIC, INSURED AT FAIR RATES. ON ACCOMMODATING TERMS. AGENCIES INEIEBT TOWN AND COUNTY. WM. H. PALMER, PRESIDENT. W. H. M'CARTHY, SECRETARY. Farmers Mutual Benefit Association. A Fire Insurance Association, chartered by the State for the farmers of Virginia, under an amended and well protected plan. Insures in counties surrounding and accessible to Richmond, against Fire and Lightning, only country property — no stores or unsafe risks. Policj holders amply secured— all losses paid. Average cost per year less than other plans, and a great saving to farmers. Amount of property now insured, $330,000, and increasing yearly. Estimated security in real and other estate, $750 000. For further information, address, CHAS. N. FRIEND, General Agent, MENTION THIS JOURNAL. CHESTER. VIRGINIA. 1905. J THE SOUTHERN PLAKTEK. 139 B/LTMORE FARMS. - Biltmore. N. C. Headquarters for GOLDEN LAD JERSEYS, Also get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGOLD. * * * GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR, First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls. Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with an individuality that wins in the show ring. SPECIAL TY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever offered, both for breed- ing and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many of these calves are fit to ahow and win in any company. «£* «5* BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS. * * SPECIAL TY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from our prize- winning pens. Over 50 yards to select from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last two seasons. If you want winners you must breed from winners. Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES. arply to BILTMORE FARMS, BILTMORE. N. O. The most popular Machine in use for Peanut Picking and Grain Threshing are the HEEBNER'S. LITTLE GIANT ™° PENNSYLVANIA Machines, and they have splendid improvements for 1903. They are built in first-class manner, and are strong and dur- able. The price is within the reach of all. We guarantee them to do the work satisfactorily. We will mail catalogue and testimonials, and quote prices on application. RUBBER, LEATHER and GANDY BELTING. FRICK'S " ECLIPSE" ENGINES and BOILERS. "LITTLE SAMSON" Automatic Engine. ERIE ENGINES and BOILERS. THE CELEBRATED 14 CHASE" SAW MILLS and This cut shows our 5 and 7 h.-p, "Little Samsom " Vertical Automatic Engine, for OE LOACH" MACHINERY. & 1 S%^^SS:Jr kM p** ers . cuto °* Larger sizes also furnished. STRATTON & BRAGG, 20 and 22 N. Sycamore St., Petersburg, Va. 140 THE SOUTHERN PLANTEB. [February For this complete set of 15 black smith tools. A wonderful bargain OUR CATALOG RTS *.,. „ bla.-k-imith'*. We sell anvtool separate. W Send for Our Catalogue ' penter's tools and chest, describes and prices all titers and you 50% $8.50 lions and hooks. 180 ft- rope, f> door hooks, 3 pulleys. Wood, steel and cable track out- hts any lengths, t has 432 pages, size 0x11 it cut this ad out and send it to for this 12- 16 all steel disc harrow ; has genuine La- dow bumpers. Dustproof Oil tubfR. Most Perfect Made. Other fltvle dlscB for $15.25. We save you about 1 -:t in price. $2.78 this grinder; grinds htel and point at same time. Grinds ft sickle in in mln. With latone for Bicklos. $2.78. With 2 stones for grinding all kinds oftoolg, J3.10. b flJO OA for hand ' v&iOv pump I No-151 with cylinder v ready for use, with windmill head 93. GO. 95c. for No. \ cistern or kitchen pump, with cylinder. 190 styles and sizes pumps, every kind made, at one-half retail prices. II kinds of pipe fitting. $16.50 I for HhUg Steel Mill; easieat running ami strpngest made. All sizes, 8 to 16 feet. $7.45 oblong gtlva nized 9^ bbl.l steel tank with heavy ancle steel rims. We make all oizea itjles. Send for catalog we will mail the catalog f « MARVIN SMITH CO.. ^R&ggSST 8t - USELESS TRICKS FOR FARMERS. To try to farm without a judicious ap- plication of manure to your lands. To buy what you do not need because it is cheap — or nice. To plant more acres than you can prop- erly take care of in the way of cultivat- ing because you wish to have a ' big" crop. To expect to grow crops without due attention being given to their cultivation. To expect to grow good crops from poor Beed. To expect to have good farm stock without feeding and giving attention to it. To expect to have good milch cows •without providing for their comfort at all seasons. To leave your farm tools exposed to the weather. To lounge about the village store or postoffice when the weeds are growing in your crop. To talk of what your farming opera tions will be next year while you are do- ing nothing this year. To plant fruit trees and then allow the cattle to destroy them. To leave your neighbors' gates open and then expect yours to be shut always. You thus teach a bad lesson by your own example. To elect to office men who cannot take care of themselves by the ordinary pur- suits of life. To he surrounded by mud when you can easily have good paths about your premises. Frank Monroe Beverly. Dickenson Co., Va. *** I I I I HowareYourEyes? We are the largest optical establishment Sonth, and give proper adjustment of SPECTACLES and EYE GLASSES Complete manufacturing plant on the premises. Mail us the pieces and we will from them duplicate your Glasses. Glasses by mail our specialty. is also complete with CAMERAS, KO- DAKS and PHOTO SUPPLIES. De- veloping and printing finely executed. T * Our line of GRAPHOPHONES, with latest records. OPERA GLASSES, * FIELD GLASSES, Incubator and Dairy THEREHOnETERS, etc., etc., is % also complete Lowest charges in all cases. M — I i THE S. GALESKI OPTIC* 1 . CO., 9th and Main Sts., Richmond, Va. fc QUICK PROFITS IN POULTRY. With the exception of strawberries, says Prof. A. G. Gilbert, it takes three years to realize on small fruits ; a milch cow does not approach her full produc- tion short of three and a half years; ap- ple trees do not begin to bear freely short of seven or eight years. How about the hen ? Three weeks from the setting of the hen you have a hatch of chickens; from four to four and a half months from hatching the cockerels are ready for the market, and in five to five and a half months the pullets will begin to lay. Add to this the fact that in cities at the pres- ent time fresh laid eggs are selling at 30 to 35 cents a dozen, and it is clearly de- monstrated that poultry-raising w e 1 1- maiaged is one of the most profitable branches of farming. Author — My book, sir, will be in exist- ence long after you are forgotten. Critic— Yes, I should say that it is likely to escape the wear and tear of ex- cessive reading. SEABOARD AIR LINE RAILWAY OFFERS PROFITABLE INVESTMENTS TO. ^m wm THE MANUFACTURER, THE STOCK RAISER, THE DAIRYMAN, THE FRUIT GROWER, THE TRUCKER. WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN. Would a country where work can be carried on the entire year and where large profits can be realized interest you? The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and a region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome illustrated literature descriptive of the section. J. B. WHITE, EDW. P. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN, Gen. Industrial Agt, Portsmouth, Va. Traffic Mgr. Gen. Pass. Ag., Portsmouth, Va. When you write to an advertiser, always say you saw the adver- tisement in THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. IMS.] THE SOUTHEBN PLANTER 141 SHELBURNES Is the BEST WAREHOUSE in Richmond, the BEST MARKET for all grades ot Tobacco. It is the home of sun and air cured Tobacco and headquarters for flue-cured and shipping types. Here are located the head offices and stemmeries of all the large corporations, Regie representatives and the largest number of independent factories and buyers in the United States. SHELBURNES WAREHOUSE Has the largest lighted space, insuring equal attention to every pile. Ample accommodations in every way for all our customers. Correspondence solicited. SILAS SHELBURNE & SON, Props., 12th and Canal Sts., RICHMOND, VA. THE RICHMOND PLUMBING AND MANTEL CO., 26 N. Ninth Street, RICHMOND, VA., Has just received an entirely new Stock and com- plete line of STOVES, RANGES, FURNACES, MANTELS, GAS and ELECTRIC FIXTURES, FILTERS, TILING and FIRE-PLACE TRIMMINGS. We are contractors for PLUMBING, TINNING, SHEET-METAL WORK and ELECTRIC WIRING. Correspondence Solicited. CALL AND INSPECT jOUR SHOW-ROOMS. 142 THE SOUTHBEN PLANTEB. [Febraaiy INVENTIONS WHICH HAVE BROUGHT WEALTH. By Mary Washington. No. 1. In rendering the records of modern in- ventors in the United Stat es, two points strike me especially about them— first, that the great majority of them are me- chanics, or at least, plain, practical men, without scientific training ; and secondly, that they have a much easier and more prosperous fate than the inventors of past ages, few of whom reaped any pecuniary reward, or even obtained recognition and appreciation of their services during their lifetime. Among the long list of men in the United States who have made useful and important inventions during the last quarter of the 19th century, few of them except Dr. Alexander Graham Bell (in- ventor of the telephone) enjoyed the ad- vantages of early scientific training, al- though those who had a strong bent that way, managed to pick it up, to some ex- tent, in later life. In studj ing the career of Dr. Bell, it is very interesting to note how his previous experience both in his studies and life work, and even in those of his father before him, seemed to pave the way to his great Invention. His father, Dr. Alexan- der M. Bell, was an educator of deaf mutes, born in October in 1819- In 1843, he became a lecturer on elocution and voice culture in the University of Edin- burgh and in New College, but his prin- cipal work was instructing deaf mutes. In 1870, he removed to Camden, and in 1881, settled in Washington City. He published many works on elocution and phonetics, but was chiefly distinguished as the author of "Visible Speecb," a method highly successful in teaching deaf mutes to speak. His son, the re- nowned Alexander G. Bell, was born in Scotland March 3d, 1847. He was edu- cated in Edinburgh, but went to London in 1867, and to Canada in 1870. In 1872, he introduced his father's system of deaf mute instruction into the United States, and was made a Professor in Boston Uni- versity. After having experimented for years on the transmission of sound by electricity, and deviped various apparatus for the purpose, he, at length, produced the telephone which, he exhibited in Philadelphia, in 1876, and this seemed a fitting climax to all his previous studies, efforts and labors which had all had a bearing on the human voice and on electricity. This invention brought him a large fortune, but not all at once. He carried the first working model of his telephone to John A. Logan, offering him a half interest in it at $25, but Logan made light of his machine, and rejected his offer. Then he offered a tenth inter- est in it to an examiner in the Patent Of- fice for $100, but this offer was also de- clined. Within fifteen years this tenth interest was worth a million dollars, so great a commercial success did the tele phone become, when its claims were fair- ly set before the public. No one has done more than Bell to annihilate the barriers of space. Morse's work was wonderful enough in enabling ua to receive tele- DEAL DIRECT ^8? FACTORY Don't piiy retnil price for carriages or harness. Write for ouv catalogue and learn about our system of selling direct from factory to customer. Two profits are saved to you. Satisfaction is guaranteed, or you can return the purchase and we will pay freight charges both ways. We have the largest assortment of buggies, surreys, phaetons, carriages, and other high grade vehicles, aa well as harness, "horse i ugs and other horse accessories, in America. Write for the catalogue to-day. THE COLUMBUS CARRIAGE & HARNESS COMPANY, Factory and General Office, COLUMBUS, 0. 1 Write to Western Office and Distributing House, ST. LOUIS, M0. J nearest cilice. 30 YEARS SELLING DIRECT We are the largest manufacturers of vehicles and har- ness in the world selling to consumers exclusively. WE HAVE NO AGENTS but ship anywhere for ex- amination, guaranteeing safe delivery. You are out nothin g if not sat- isfied We make 195 styles of. vehicles and, 65 styles of harness. Visitors are always welcome at our factory. No. 331— Surrey. EIKHAET CARRIAGE & HARNESS MFG. CO . , Elkhart, Ind. As good as sells for $40 more. No. 42— DoubleSurre Harness. Price$19.50. As good as sells for $ 10 more. Large Catalogue FREE — Send for it. A Perfect Weeder in all 6oils» under all conditions. The all important feature of flexibility of teeth is near perfection in the YORK IMPROVED. Made of square spring steel with round points, and set stag- gered in strong 1 but flexible angie steel frame. Wide clearance, no clog-jring. teeth too strong to break. Multiplies producing qualities of soil and does not whip or bruise growing plant. Adjustable handles and shafts. Write for free descriptive circular. Spangles* Manufacturing Co., 503 Queen Street, York, Pa. CROP ESSENTIALS are cultivation and keeping down weeds. More important than deep cultivation is keeping- the surface stirred, breaking the crust due to rains, and allowing the light, air, moisture and warmth to penetrate quickly to the roots of the growing plant. ! For doing just these things the ideal imple- 'ment is the Adjustable Weeder and Shallow Cultivator. It kills the weeds at first showing, the top soil is pulverized and kept mellow, the plant roots are not disturbed and the moist soil is not brought up to dry in the sun. Adjustable in width. Narrows to 30 inches, widens to 7'/ 2 feet. Strong, runs steady, no cumbersome shafts. Furnished either with round teeth or with flat to suit different soils, as we are licensed by the Hallock Weeder Company to use their famous flat teeth. Weeder booklet mailed free. We also make 10 styles Corn Planters, 12 styles Cultivators, 20 styles Corn Shel= lers, hand and power, Harrows, Field Rollers, Feed Cutters, etc. Write for catalogue C. KEYSTONE FARM MACHINE CO., 1554 N. Beaver St., York, Pa. KEYSTONE Highest Typewriting Possibilities Available Only to Users OF THE. SMITH PREMIER TYPE.WR- ITErR Known Everywhere. Employed by Governments and Great Corporations which command only the best facilities. Illustrated Catalogue and "Touch" Typewriting Instruction Book Free THE SMITH PREMIER TYPEWRITER COMPANY No. 519 Eleventh St., N. W., WASHINGTON, D. O. 1903. J THE SOUTHEKN PLANTJCli. 143 graphic messages over the wires, but Bell's is far more marvellous, enabling us to hear the living voices of our loved ones with all their lesser peculiarities of accent and inflection. The Ball appara tus, however, was improved upon by a clerk named Emile Berliner, who evolved ideas which made the long distance tele- phone possible. The monopoly of the Bell Telephone. Company is now held under Berliner's patents, and Emile Ber- liner has reaped prosperity from them. Thos. Alva Edison was born at Milan, Ohio. February 11th, 1847, the same, year in which Bell was born. He received all his early education from his mother, and at the age of twelve was a train boy on the railroad. A station-master taught him the art of telegraphy, in which he soon became remarkably skillful. He studied the principles of the science, and his quick and inventive mind soon turn- ed towards making practical applications of electricity to the wants of everyday life. When he made his first important in- vention, he carried it to a company on Broadway, N. Y., and the manager told him he would pay him $36,000 for it, but not a cent more. This announcement amazed Edison, as he had not dreamed of aspiring to so large a sum, and when the check was paid him he still distrust- ed that it might be a bogus one, especial- ly as the clerk refused to cash it off hand, but when Edison established bis identity the money was paid to him with- out further difficulty. It would be tedious to enumerate all of Edison's hundreds of inventions. Suffi- cient to say, he has attained not only fame, but great wealth by means of them. Amongst his marvellous inventions may be mentioned the phonograph, which is the root from which have sprung the graphophone, gramophone, and all the talking and singing machines which can so wonderfully reproduce the voices of the absent or even of the dead, the strains of concert singers, and of bands and orchestral music. Augustus Schultz, of New York, in- vented the modern method of tanning, which has reduced the process of making leather from a year or two to a few weeks. All thin, tough leather now manufactured is made in this way. Prior to this invention, Schultz was very poor, but he became wealthy by means of it, L. C. Crowell, who was a day laborer, made a large fortune by his invention of a paper folder which made possible the, present enormous edition of many paged newspapers. The Crowell folder takes the sheets as they receive impressions, packs them into neat shape and stacks them up, ready for distribution. Hugh Cook, of Dayton, Ohio, was a worker for wages when he made the in- vention on which the most efficient cash register in the market is based, from the proceeds of which he receives about $25,000 a year. Amongst the men who have reaped wealth from their inventions, I am glad to say I can enumerate Mr. John N. Gamewell, of South Carolina, who in- vented the fire and police alarm now generally used throughout the whole TUp np*l nAfH SAW MILLS ARE SURE WINNERS. IIIC LJ\* L-.KJ r\\s i 1 Eight sizes, from Farmers'4h p up to 200-h. p. If Interested, write for large illustrated catalogue ot DeLoach Patent Saw iMllls to Miit any power fro in 1 to 200 h. p ; .Shingle Mills, Planers, Kctgers, Trimmers, Stave and Lath Mills. Bolters, Corn and Butir Mills, Water Whf els, etc. To introduce our New Farmers' Saw Mill, tilted with DeLoach Patent Variable Friction Feed, we make this special offer: We will deliver on cars at factory our No. O Pony Farmers' Saw Mill, with Duplex Dogs, Impoved Head Blocks and Ratchet Set Works, complete as shown in cut, except it has Carriage made In two 4-foot sections, with Hope Drive Instead of Rack and Pinion, without .Saw or Belt, for $115.00 Spot Cash 1 With 36" Solid Saw. $127.50; -10", 8132.50; 44", $140X0 ; 48", $150.00. With -30" Inserted Saw. 8147.50: 40" 8152.50; 44", $160,00 ; 48", 5170.00. Best Rubber Belting, 4-ply, 6", 20 cents per foot; 8", 30 cents per foot, net. No discount from these prices. Our Warranty: This mill is warranted to be made in a workman-like manner, of first class material throughout, and to i ive perfect satisfaction if operated according to our printed instructions, which are so simple that a boy can understand them. Any one with ordinary Intelligence can set and operate without the assistance of an experienced sawyer; will easily cut 2.000 to 2 500 feet of first class board lumber per day with only4-h. p.; 3,000 ft. with 6-h. p.; 4,000 ft. with 8-h. p ; is adapted to any kind or size power up to 15-h. p. DeLOACH MILL MANUFACTURING CO , Box 600, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, U. S. A. The DeLoach is the only mill made that is shipped to all parts of the world. Over 10,000 in use. THERE 5 A HEN ON All the time, doing her duty and making you easy money, when you install The lluwkeye Incubator. ^g«^^^ Made in sizes to suit your needs, from 60 7^ esgs to 200, al i of the finest and most approv- ed construction and guaranteed in every particular. Our little price includes every- thing needed. We send our incubators on 30 DAYS' FREE TRIAL. Sendforfree illustrated catalogue describing fully all sizes of Hawkeye Incubators and Brooders, mentioning this paper, or send 10c and we will send you catalogue and a leading poul- try paper for one year. HAWKEYE INCUBATOR CO.. Box 49, Newton, Iowa. VVj^ if y* &W THE HATCHSNG IfSSTJWCT. SSS^^SiS* ^2?W. , 35ES , S52.£2S PetaSuma Incubator.- 1 Known everywhere by its works. Case of non-shrinking redwood, heaters of copper, self- ventilating, self-regulating. Devices the most sensitive and depe. lal le. Supplies moisture I for dry climates. Used all over U. S. with great export demand, I'dalanna Brooder* | have no superiors. Fair prices and freight paid all over U.S. Wrice for latest free catalogue. PETALUMA INCUBATOR CO., Box 46, Petaluma, Cal., or Box 46 3 Indianapolis.lnd. .* INCUBATORS ON 30 DAYS' TRIAL. THE WORLD'S BEST STANDARD HATCHER. * Thousands of these incubators are in successful operation in the United States, Canada, South Africa, New Zealand , Sweeden, England, Hollar) d, and Germany. These' machines operate to perfec- tion and always bring off a large brood of strong, healthy chicks. Catalogue with full particulars free for the asking. The Standard F. C. Incubator Co., Dept. 5, Rochester, N DO YOUR TRADING.. Where an established reputation warrants continued confidence. The name 01 LUMSDEN on anything in the JEWELRY or SILVERWARE line is a standard of QUALITY. FINE COLD AND DIAMOND JEWELRY, STERLING SILVERWARE AND CUT CLASS. SIX SOLID STERLING SILVER TEA SPOONS, $3.40. Write for our catalogue, It contains many articles on which we can save you money. C. LUMSDEN & SON, Established 1835, 731 E. Main St., Richmond, Va. When corresponding -with. Advertisers, always mention The Southern Planter. 144 iTHB SOUTHEBN PLANTER. [February civilized world. Mr. Gamewell received a medal both from the French and Rus- sian Government for this invention. He took up his residence in New York city, was made Superintendent of the Fire Department, and acquired a large fortune from his patents. Another Southerner who has achieved prosperity by his inventions, is Mr. Jam«s Albert Bonsack, of Virginia, who invented the cigarette machine, which has redounded so largely to the wealth both of the State and of himself. OF 217 MOST ILLITERATE COUNTIES IN THE UNITED STATES, 212 ARE IN THE SOUTH. In the Southern States there are two hundred and twelve counties in which one-fifth or more of the native white males of voting age (twenty one years old and over) are illiterate ; in all other States of the Union only five. In two States — North Carolina and Louisiana— nearly half the counties are in this class. In fifty-one of the Southern counties the illiteracy in this class is thirty per cent, or more. Of these, three are in Virginia, three in North Carolina, nine in Ken- tucky, eighteen in Louisiana and eighteen in Texas. In any of these counties the balance of power is in the hands of the illiterate voters, and illiteracy is king. Under such conditions Democratic gov- ernment must be in great danger Its form may remain, but its substance can hardly exist longer. If it does continue to exist, it can only be to illustrate the truth of the fact that it is woe unto any country when the ignorant man and the evil bear rule in it. Prunes are exceedingly wholesome and should be used often as dessert. Many whose digestion forbids the eating of other fruit can eat stewed prunes and be benefited by them. Prunes have a curative property. They are very suita- ble for the diet of convalescents. They are nutritious, laxative, and healing to the membranes of the stomach. Do not . tate medicine, but eat liberally of stew- 1 ed prunes. They have been known to cure inflammation of the stomach. There are several different varieties of as many different qualities, sour and sweet, but the large French prunes are the best that can be had. Stewed prunes are the best for general use. Wash thoroughly and soak them an hour in cold water, then stew slowly in a porcelean-lined stewpan until soft. Sugar to taste before sending to the table, or they can be sweetened while stewing. The heavy charges on small parcels come pretty near being outrageous. The robbery is all the worse where a package has to travel between two small towns and over the routes of two express com- panies. There should be a universal par eels post. This reform should precede any reduction of letter postage. Now that rural free delivery will soon be made universal, the next great reform to be insisted upon is the parcels post. Then, for a few cents, farmers can supply customers in the cities directly with nice fresh fruits, vegetables, etc., just as is done in England. Uncle Sam says it's all right Uncle Sam, in the person of ten of his government officials, Is always In charge of every department of our distillery. During the entire process of distillation, after the whiskey is stored in barrels in our warehouses, during the seven years it remains there, from the very grain we buy to the whiskey you get, Uncle Sam is constantly on the watch. We dare not take a gallon of our own whiskey from our own warehouse unless he says it's all right. And when he does say so, that whiskey goes direct to you, with'all its original strength, rich- ness and flavor, carrying a UNITED STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUARAN- TEE of PURITY and AGE, and saving the dealers' enormous profits. That's why HAYNER WHISKEY is the best for medicinal purposes. That's why it is preferred for other uses. That's why we have over a quarter of a million satisfied customers. That's why YOU should try it. Your money back if you're not satisfied. Direct from our distillery to YOU Saves Dealers' Profits ! Prevents Adulteration ! WHISKEY PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE 4 FULL $Q^0 EXPRESS QUARTS O PREPAID We will send you POUR FULL QUART BOTTLES of HAYNER'S SEVEN- YEAR-OLD RYE for 13.20, and we will pay the express charges. Try it and if you don't find it all right and as good as you ever used or can buy from anybody else at any price, send it back at our expense, and your $3.20 will be returned to you by next mail. Just think that offer over. How could it be fairer? If you are not perfectly satisfied, you are not out a cent. Better let us send you a trial order. If you don't want four quarts yourself, get a friend to join you. We ship in a plain sealed case, no marks to show what's inside. Orders for Ariz., Cal., Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev,, N. Mex., Ore., Utan, Wash. or Wyo. must be on the basis of 4 Quarts for S4.00 by Express Prepaid or 3© Quarts for $16.00 by Freight Prepaid. Write our nearest office and do it NOW. THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY ATLANTA, GA. DAYTON, OHIO ST. LOUIS, MO, ST. PAUL, MINN. 153 Distillery, Troy, O. Established 1866 CHARTERED 1370. Merchants National Bank OF RICHMOND, VA. Designated Depository of the United States, City of Richmond and Commonwealth of Virginia. Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, this Bank offers superior facilities for direct and quick collections. JNO. P. BRANCH, President. JNO. K. BRANCH, Vice-President. Capital Stock, $200,000,00 Surplus and Prof lt», $600,000,00 JOHN F. GLENN, Cashier. Directors.— John ;p.; Branch, B. B. Munford, Chas. B. Strtngfellow, Thos. B. Scott, B. W Branch, Fred. W. Scott, Jas. H. Dooley, Jno. K. Branch, A. S. Bufbrd, R. O. Morton. Andrew Plcelni. Jr., J. P. George, Alex. Hamilton, Sam'l. T. Morgan. 1903.] THE SOUTHEKN PLAJiTrBB. 145 If You Want YOUR GOOSE TO LAY "THAT GOLDEN EGG" FEED HER PROPERLY. I mean buy your supplies right. You should lay aside a few Gold Pieces yourself, you might ask how it can be done— easy, dead easy— stop paying high, country prices. The mail comes to your home six times a week, I can get a letter from you every day. GET MY PRICES, I WILL BE GLAD TO MAIL YOU OR YOUR FRIENDS MY PRICES EVERY NIGHT. The railroads almost pass your house. Uncle Sam spends millions yearly to give you mail and railroad accomodations. You need not come to town, let Uncle Sam do your shopping. He can knock the spots out of you in buying— just try him. No matter how small your order I will be glad to have it and ship promptly. Here is what your groceries will cost you JUST ONE-HALE WHAT YOU ARE NOW PAYING.. Arbuckle's Green Coffee 9£ Granulated Sugar 4f Best Family Flour 4 25 Byrd Island — have no other. 10,000 lbs. Nice Family Pork 9 7 Boxes Axle Grease 25 800 Bbls. White Oil 12 1,000 Bushels Seed Rye 68 500 Tons Fine Timothy Hay, hun- dred 75 300 Tons Choice Clover Hay, hun- dred 70 10 Large Cakes Fancy Soap 25 C r y 8 ta 1 Washing Soda, Light, S m o ot h, and Durable, makes Washing Easy 30 Washing Powders, 8 for 25 Fine Gun Powder Tea 40 Ben Mocha and Java Coffee Roasted 18 Large Fat Mackerel in Nice Buck- ets or Kits, about 15 lbs. 1 25 New River Herrings, 750 fish in the barrel, Large and Fat .' 5 50 New Cut Herrings, barrel 5 50 Finest Cream Cheese 15 Baker's Chocolate— 2 Cakes 25 New Table Raisins— 6 Lba 60 Fine French Candy 8 Pure Lard 9J 610 Tons Pure City Made Shipstuff, hundred 1 00 Cotton-Seed Meal, Nothing Finer. 510 Tons Cotton-Seed Hulls — an ex- cellent Winter Food, Cheap and Nutritious, per hundred 50 This is as good as Coarse Meal for 60,000 lbs. Rock Salt for Stock— try a bag, keep it in the Trough, im- proves Stock very much, $1.00 for 100 lbs. Chalmer's Gelatine, 3 for 25 Seedless Raisins in Packages 9 Cleaned Currants, per lb , 8 New Citron for Fruit Cake 12 Home Made Mince Meat 8 100,000 lbs. New Mixed Nuts 11 'Virginia Hams, Choicest of Meat. I have a Nice Lot of Hams Made in Smithfield, Va 14 Fine Sweet Cider, per gallon 20 Home-Made Black Berry Brandy, 5 years old and nice. Family Tonic, quart 20 Northampton ADple Brandy, 6 years old — pure — Apple Juice — nothing finer made — gallon 2 00 Clemmer'8 Fine Old Mountain Rye Whiskey, double distilled, sweet and wholesome, quart 40 Juniper Gin, sure cure for bladder and kidney troubles ; relieves the cutting, stinging ache in your back, quart 45 Gibson's Fine Old Rye Whiskey ; fit for a king, get a quart 78 O'Grady's Pure Malt. Try a bottle of Malt for that hacking cough. It is a sure cure. It is good for dys- pepsia. Indigestion it cures at sight. Warms the inner man; makes new rich blood, and stimu- lates the whole system. It has saved many and many a man and his family. 75 a quart. The price is insignificant compared to the benefit it will do you. Country Cured Bacon Sides 13$ 100,000 bushels finest Oats 40; 60,000 bushels fine Corn 56 Water-ground Corn Meal, made of the finest White Corn, and ground by one of the finest mills in Vir- ginia. Bushel 72 I have everything that is required by a farmer from a 1.000 acre farm to a mouse trap. Write for my price list that will give you more information than a gossiping woman. Clover Seed, prime Crimson Clover Seed 2 90 Choice Crimson New-Ciop Clover Seed .. 4 26 Fine Winter Turf Oats (seed) 78 Prime Winter Seed Oats 60 I have an immese stock of NEW YEARS' GOODS, CAKES, CANDIES. FRUITS of all kinds, and I will ship any quantity required. D. O'SULUVAN, Eighteenth and Main Sts., Richmond, Ya. 146 THE SOUTHERN PL ANTEB. [February The following list of papers and periodicals are the most popular ones In this section. We can SAVE YOU MONEY on whatever Journal yon wish. DAILIES. prioe with ALONE. PLANTER. Tlmes-Dlspatch, Richmond, Va 9 5 00 S 5 0° The Post, Washington, D. 6 00 8 00 News-Leader, Richmond, Va 3 00 3 00 TRI-WEEKLY. Th« World (thrlce^-week), N. Y 1 00 WEEKLIES. Harper's Weekly 4 00 " Bazaar 1 00 Montgomery Advertiser 1 00 Nashville American 50 The Baltimore Sun 1 00 Breeder's Gazette 2 00 Hoard's Dairyman 1 00 Country Gentleman 1 50 Tlmes-Dlspatch, Richmond, Va 1 00 Religious Herald, Richmond, Va.... 2 00 Central Presbyterian, " " ... 2 00 Christian Advocate, " " ... 1 50 Turf, Field and Farm 4 00 Spirit of the Times 4 00 Horseman 8 00 SEMI-MONTHLIES. Wool Markets and Sheep 60 Dairy and Creamery 50 Commercial Poultry 50 All three 1 50 MONTHLIES. North American Review 5 00 The Century Magazine 4 00 3 00 2 50 4 00 3 00 3 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 00 1 26 1 00 1 00 St. Nicholas " Llppincott's " Harper's " Forum " Bcribner's " Frank Leslies " Cosmopolitan " Everybody's " Munsey " Strand " McClure's " Puritan " Review of Reviews 2 50 Leisure Hours 1 00 Blooded Stock 50 125 400 1 40 100 75 1 35 175 135 176 1 25 2 25 2 50 175 400 4 00 3 00 75 76 75 1 15 500 4 25 326 250 400 326 325 186 186 186 186 166 186 185 2 75 1 26 60 Where you desire to subscribe to two or more of the publications named, you can arrive at the net subscription price by deducting 50 cents from "our price with the Planter." If you desire to subscribe to any other publica- tions not listed here, write us and we will oheerfully quote clubbing or net subscription rates. Subscribers whose time does not expire until later can take advantage of our club rates, and have their subscription advanced one year from date of expiration of their subscription to either the Planter or any of the other publications mentioned. Don't hesitate to write us for any informa- tion desired ; we will oheerfully answer any correspondence. We furnish no tample copiei of other peri- odicals. Seed House of the South. BED CLOVER. MAMMOTH CLOVEB. CRIMSON CLOVER. WHITE CLOVER. LUCERNE CLOVER. ALSTKE CLOVER, BOKHARA CLOVER. JAPAB CLOVER. BUB CLOVER. TIMOTHY. OBCHABD GRASS. RED TOP or HEBDS GRASS. KENTUCKY BLUE GRASS BAND ALL GRASS. TALL MEADOW OAT GRASS. JOHNSON GBASS. GERMAN MILLET, BUCKWHEAT. OATS and CANE SEED. "Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap." We seU strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS •! every variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TORACCO SEEDS. .WE ALSO SELL Our Own Brands of Fertilizers For Tobacco, Corn. Wheat. Potatoes, &c. Pore Raw-Rone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and Fertilizing: Materials generally. Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods. Samples sent by mail when desired. Wm. A. Miller & Son, # 1016 Main Street LYNCHBURG, VA. Headquarters for Nursery Stock. We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders. ALL STOOK TRUE TO NAME. Apples, Pears, Peach, Plum, Apricots, Nectarines, Pecans, Ornamental and Cherry, Chestnuts, Shade Trees, Quinces, Walnuts, Evergreens, Almonds, Small Fruits, Roses, Etc. CALIFORNIA PRIVET, for Hedging. WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. ..AGENTS WANTED.. FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY Co., Baltimore, Md. i * i ^ i^*i ^^ *fMi ^ *ir^ ^^iV^r%V^ 148 THE BOUTHBEN PLAJ&TER. [February Established by GEO. WATT, 1840. MANFRED CALL. Genera! Manager. THE CALL- WATT CO. MANUFACTURERS OF Crown, Crescent and Watt Plows, AND REPAIRS FOR PLOWS IN GENERAL USE. Dealers in AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, MACHINERY & VEHICLES, No. 13 S. Fifteenth Street, Between Main and Gary Streets, - RICHMOND, VA. REPAIRS for all the plows in general use. CORN PLANTERS with and without Fertilizer Attach- tachment. CULTIVATORS— Iron Age pattern, Disc, Riding and Walking Shovel Cultivators. HARROWS— Iron Age, All-Steel Lever, Solid and Cut- Out Disc. FIELD ROLLERS— Steel or Wood, Two and Three Section. FODDER AND ENSILAGE CUTTERS. FEED MILLS, CORN SHELLERS. HORSE POWERS, COMBINED FEED MILLS AND POWERS. ENGINES, THRESHERS, SAW MILLS, RAKES MOWERS. FARM AND FREIGHT WAGONS, all sizes. BUGGIES, SURREZS, DAYTON WAGONS, ROAD CARTS. Implements, Machinery and Vehicles for all Purposes. IS- WRITE FOR PRICES. AINSLIE CARRIAGE CO., Nos. 8, 10 and 12 Tenth St., RIGHMOND, VA. Building Carriages to order is our special business. Repairing and Repainting done, and best material used. A full line of all the latest styles. Orders for all classes of Vehicles solicited. 1903. INTHESTUD AT LAUREL HI LL FARM. 1903. THE FINE HACKNEY STALLION •f HEIDRIK + Bay horse, foaled 1898 ; 16 hands high. This horse has great natural action, and is capable of getting the highest class harness horses. FEE, $10 00 the Season or $15 00 to Insure. Address C. F. & J. BUTTON, Walker's Ford, Va. Stallions at SpringGarden The Property of Mr. ROBERT TAIT. Burlingame, 26235, record 2:18^. trotting bay horse, by Guy Wilkes, 2:15i, dam the famous brood mare Sable, by The Moor. This horse is richly bred, a prize winner, at the New York Horse Show, and sires grand looking colts. Fee. $25 tie sea son. Ed. Kearney, chestnut horse, bv Tom Ochiltree, dam Medusa, by Sensation. A grand looking specimen of the thoroughbred, and will sire not only race horses, but hunters and jumpers of the highest class. Fee, $10 the season. Address SPRING GARDEN FARM, Coolwell P. 0., Va. 1903. IN THE STUD 1903. WEALTH, 29579. RACE RECORD, 2:\7\, Pacing. Timed separately in 2:08 in a race at Indiana State Fair, 1902. Bay horse, foaled 1897 ; 16 hands high, weight, 1,200 lbs. Sired by Gambetta Wilkes, 2:19!, dam Mag- nolia, by Norfolk, 3670, Wealth is grand individually and in appearance. FEE, $20 the Season with return privilege, or $25 to insure. Address $. F. CHAPMAN, Gordonsville, Va. GREAT STAKES, 25521. RACE RECORD, 2:20, Trotting. Bay horse, by Billy Thornhill, 2:24, dam Sweetstakes, by Sweep Stakes, 298. Great Stakes has sired Captain, 2: 16 J; Foxhall, 2:19!, and four others in the list. He is handsome, well-formed and sires speed uniformly. FEE, $25.00 for the Season of 1903. Address W.H.NELSON, - 1417 E.Franklin St, Riohmond, Va. 1903.] THB SOTJTHEltN PLANTER. 149 LABOR-SAVING IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY. PflDN Dl ANTFRQ The H00SIER > both single and double row, with Corn Planter. and without fertilizer attachment. The SPANGLER for Corn, Peas and Sorghum. PHI Till ATADQ PLANET Jr. and UULI IVAIUnO- | AGE Culti- vators and Horse Hoes. CONTINENTAL Disc Com Planter. Cultivators and Harrows, the best in the world. Spring tooth attachments for Cultivator. RODERICK LEAN steel lever harrows for one, two and three three horses. DIS CCTJLTIVATOR. THE SOUTH BEND CHILLED PLOWS. _ HORSE HOE. Wood or Steel beam ; alll sizes. Guaranteed equal to any made. THE CELEBRATED HANCOCK DISC PLOW. Single or Double Disc. msmgam \\w DISC HAEEO WS-A11 Sizes. SPIKE TOOTH HAEROW. THE OLD REEIBLE PEERLESS ENGINES. SAW MILLS and THRESHING MACHINES. The FISH, The WEBER and The CHAMPION Wagons IN ALL SIZES. General agency for the Columbus Buggy Co., Col- umbus, Ohio, A. Wrenn & Sons, Norfolk, Va., and other celebrated makers of vehicles. All grades in stock. Harness, Robes and Whips, Pittsburg Per- fect Wire Fencing, welded by electricity. Circular for the asking, Correspondence solicited. THE WATT PLOW CO., ',«■ £ Eft™!? Richmond, Va. 150 THE SOTJTHEBN PLANTER. [February PURE-BRED FOWLS. Why is the pure-bred fowl better than the mongrel? The reasons are many. For one, you can always depend on the pure-bred for uniform growth. Take a mongrel hen, and her chickens will vary. They never grow fast, and one or two in the bunch will be ready for market two months before the others. Not only that ; the pure-bred are uniform in looks after dressing, and sell higher on this account for breeding and hatching purposes. Their eggs and themselves always sell higher than the market price for either. Persons raising the pure-breds exclusive- ly in this country must keep all their eggs from early spring until the hatching season is over to supply the demand for the eggs ; and now, since incubators are so useful and common, those who want eggs often order many weeks ahead to get all they need. Another reason is that the mongrel hen averages at the best about forty eggs per year. The pure-bred laying breeds with worst care given will lay over a hundred eggs, and with mod- erate attention I have known them to lay very close to two hundred eggs per year.— Chas. Arnge Coy, Georgia. A DELICIOUS NEW SALAD DRESSING. A most delicious dressing for green salads is made by putting one tablespoon- ful of lime juice in a bowl, adding a tea- spoonful of celery salt, a saltspoonful of white pepper, and a dash of cayenne. Mix in, a little at a time, alternately, three tablespoonfuls of oil and two of lime juice. Stir all the time, or the in- gredients will separate. Add a table- spoonful of finely cut chives, or an equal amount of chervil or fresh tarragon leaves. Nodd— I shall have to postpone that dinner for a week. Todd— Certainly. Nothing wrong, I hope. Nodd— Oh, no ; but when I asked you, I was under the impression that it was the cook's night in. Mother — Have you any waterproof boots for a boy? Salesman — We have waterproof boots, ma'am ; but they are not for boys. Mother— Why don't you have some for boys ? Salesman — When somebody has in- vented a boot that has no opening for the foot to get into it, we may hope for boys' waterproof boots, not before. "Pretty tiresome, isn't it?" remarked the first man at a reception. "It is so," replied the other. "I'd sneak out, if I could, but my wife would get mad. She's a friend of the hostess." "I'd sneak out, too, but my wife would be furious. She's the hostess." Mistress— Jane, I hear the bell. I think there must be somebody at the door. Maid— I think likely, marm; but it don't be for me; my company always call at the.kitchen door, you know. GASOLINE ENGINES, ALL SIZES AND STYLES. Rams, Wind Mills, Tanks, Towers, Coun- try Plumbing a Spec- ialty, Saw Mills, Saws, Engines and Boilers, Pipe, Fit- tings, etc. Water- Supply Contractors. PORTABLB GASOLINE BNGINBS. We drilled the well and installed the complete pumping plant at the famous old James River country place, " Westover." SYDNOR PUMP AND WELL GO. Inc., Box 949, Richmond, Va. Rural Books! Every farmer should have these books on his library table. They are invaluable. Feeds and Feeding. Henry, - - - $3 00 Fertility of the Land. Roberts, - 1 85 Crop Growing and Crop Feeding. Massey, 1 00 All Clotk Bound, Post Paid. Let us order your magazines and other literature for you. We can furnish almost any periodical and save you money. Get our prices. THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va. Seeds! Seeds! Seeds! We sell the BEST Seeds for this section. Our long expe- rience and study of the farmer's needs and the climatic and soil conditions enables us to make this statement. Have you seen our NEW SEED BOOK for 1903 ? If not, send for a copy to-day. It is well worth your while to do so. T. W. WOOD & SONS. SEEDSMEN, RICHMOND, VA. 1903.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER 151 The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway EXTENDING FROM CINCINNATI AND LOUISVILLE, AND THROUGH ITS CONNECTIONS — THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. LouiB, Peoria, Indianapolis, Sandusky and Cleveland ; THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus s THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON A DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Urn* and Dayton — FORMS THE MOST DIRECT Am i£SZJL w VSSS wm ROUTE To STAUNTON, LYNCHBUBG, CHARLOTTESVILLE. RICHMOND, PETERSBURG, NORFOLK, And Principal Virginia Points. H. W. FULLER, Gen. Pass. Agt. C. & O. Ry., Washington, D. C. RURAL BOOKS ° F every description AT LOWEST PRICES. SOUTHERN PLANTER, - Richmond, Virginia. THE SEX OF EGGS. An English poultry keeper, who has been working on this subject for several years, thinks that he has at last discov- ered a way to insure a large proportion of either pullets or cockerels, as may be de- sired. He has given up all idea of being able to determine the sex by the shape of the egg, size of air-cell, time of day it was laid, or any external characteristics. He now thinks the sex of the egg is de- termined at the time of sexual contact, and that there are two elements or forces which unite, a positive from the male and a negative from the female. Where the predominating force is posi- tive, a male will result, and vice versa. To test this, he mated in April a very vigorous cockerel, with two hens which had laid all winter, with the object of getting cockerels. The hens had worked hard for some months, and the conclu- sion was that they must be more or less weakened by it. Thus was obtained a condition which pointed to a preponder- ance of the positive element, and the re- sult was about 80 per cent, cockerels. To further test this matter, six pullets, in the pink of condition, were put in a pen by themselves, and every afternoon a two-year-old cock, which all the rest of the day was running with 40 hens, was placed with them. This mating resulted in 80 per cent, of the chicks coming pul- lets. Similar matings have been prac- ticed by American breeders for some years, and they have been able to obtain a large per cent, of pullets or of cockerels, but not always as high as 80 per cent., as here mentioned. THE TRAP HAS BEEN SET, BUT THE FARMERS "ARE ON TO IT." THE WALTER A. WOOD MACHINES. THEY ARE GOING TO BUY h^ms^: WHY? Because it is the Best Ha= chine Hade. Because it Belongs to no Combination. Because its Repairs Cost Less. The Wood Binders, Reapers, Steel Hay Rakes, Tedders, Corn Harvesters, Knife Grinders the world knows and the world endorses. SEND FOR SPECIAL CATALOGUE WALTER A. WOOD MOWING and REAPING MACHINE CO., Richmond, Va. 152 THE SOTJTHEBN PLAKTBR. [February Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS. FARH THRESHERS MACHIMES, ENGINES AND SAW HILLS. Steel Lever Harrows. Wood Harrows— All sizes. Disc Harrows— All sizes. Spring Tooth Harrows— All sizes. Acme Harrows— All sizes. Harrows of all styles kept in stock at low- est net prices. 19.9.B. DON'T FORGET ! All the merchants in town who claim to sell Oliver Plows and Repairs only sell the Imitation, Bogus, Cheap Goods. The only place in Richmond, Va., to buy Genuine Oli- ver Plows and Repairs is at 1436 and 1438 East Main Street. One and Two-Horse Planter, Plain or with Fertilizer Attachment. Special prices given on Studebaker and Brown Wagons, Buggies and Carts. Studebaker Buggies, all styles, Stude- baker Carriages, Studebaker Carts, Studebaker Runabouts. Buckeye Force Pumps. Porcelained Wood Pumps. Wood and Steel Wind Mills. ELI BALING PRESSES. 5Sstyles and sizes. For horse or steam power. Write for prices and catalogues. LITTLE GIANT CORN SHELLERS, One and Two Hole. The frams is made of thor- oughly dry hard wood. The joints mortised, tenoned and bolted. The bearings are bolted on to the frame instead of screwed. The iron work is made from the very best material, and ever piece is carefully in- spected before being put on. This machine Is high-grade all the way through. It is hand- somely painted, striped and varnished. Write for special catalogue and price on any imple- ments wanted. Superior Grain and Fertilizer Drills. Hoe and Disc. Bement Disc Cultivator, with 6 or 8 Disc. Built entirely of steel, steel forgings and malleable iron. The most simple and easiest adjusted cultivator on the market to-day. Write for circulars and testimonials. " SCIENTIFIC FEED MILLS, All Sizes." The SCIENTIFIC Grinding Mills. Are unequalled for grinding ear Corn, shncks on or ofl, Corn, Oats, Wheat and all other grains, single or mixed. POWER MILLS in Five Sizes, 2 to SO horse-power. «« SCIENTIFIC SWEEP niLLS In Five Sizes." Geared— plain and combined, with horse power. Wood Saws for Long or Short Wood. Wood or Steel Frame. ROSS Fodder Cutters, Fodder Shredders, Cutters for all purposes, Corn Shel- ters, Grinding Mills, Horse Powers and Wood Saws. HENiNG & NUCKOLS, JSTSfifc Bennett's Improved Stump Pullers. Three sizes and 10 styles. Write for catalogues and prices. 1436-38 E. Main Street RICHMOND, TA. WHY USE DANGEROUS BARB WIRE 55 INCH. ,-> WHEN AN ATTRACTIVE WOVEN WIRE FENCE CAN BE BOUGHT AT EVEN LESS COST? -TUP AMERICAN FIELD FENCING Ib made in many heights and styles for taming the smallest to the largest animal. Write for special catalogue and prices. PEA HU LLERS.— Itwillpaytoinspectthe"STAR. , » Will hull and clean from 10 to 15 bushels of peas every hour. D | <3 C HARRO W S > — Send for special catalogue o. the " THOMAS," lightest draft and strongest harrow made. OHIO FEED AND ENSILAGE CUTTER. For hand or power. The strongest, simplest and best madei. Write for prices, catalogues and testimonials. THE IDEAL FEED MILL AND POWER COMBINED Has no equal for grinding shelled grain, corn and cob into excellent feed. The Horse-Power is very useful for running other machinery as well. A full line of mills for horse and steam power. THE No. 19 IDEAL MILL For one horse. A very useful size for small farms. Price, $15.00. PLOWS.— Try an "Imperial" and you will not want any other. It is admitted by all who have used it to be the best in the world. __.■«. — ,-». — ■«■,-» "V'CRIMPED STEEL ROOFING Made in lengths of from 5 to 10 feet. The most economical roof for barns and all out houses. PANNING M I LLS. — We can strongly recommend the " LYONS " for cleaning any kind of grain or grass seed. Does its work clean, and praised by every one who has used it. If vo^re needing a wagon, try a " BIRDSEEE " with steel skeins, and be convinced there is none better made. If you needing w g^ y^ ^ either . wroug ht or steel. The price too is very reasonable. The finest and largest stock of BCGGIES, CARRIAGES, HARNESS and SADDLES in the South. Write for special catalogue. EVERYTHING THE FARM NEEDS WE CAN SUPPLY, AND THAT AT A CLOSE PRICE. THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St, Richmond, Va. t NORTHWESTERN ZSS '£ ORGANIZED 1857. PURELY MUTUAL. .This Company has paid over ONE MILLION DOLLARS in Virginia, in death losses alone, without contest compromise of a single policy. Ask any policy-holder of the NORTHWESTERN how he likes the Company. We have policy-holders in every county in the State, whose names and other information on the subject will be furnished to any one contemplating life insurance, or desiring to represent THE BEST COMPANY POP. THE POLICY-HOLDER. T. ARCHIBALD CARY, General kgtccke'mJ^'-^tKCt, Richmond, Va. ~ STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON- DITION POWDERS. If you wish fat and smooth Cattle and healthy Milch Cows, give DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS. For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS um DIXIE NERVE AZffX) BONE LINIMENT-Beot on earth for Man or Bwurt. Large Bottle 25 etc. ; everywhere. — — Ui OWENS ft MINOR DRLKJ CO., Richmond, Va. VIRGINIA=C AROLINA CH EHICAL CO. Southern Hanufacturers OF- «* FERTILIZERS .* . FOR Southern Farmers. THE FACTS: Largest producers of material ! Largest makers of Fertilizers ! THE RESULTS: Better Fertilizers ! Lowering prices ! Increasing sales ! - I Sales Offices: RICHMOND, VA., NORFOtK, VA., DURHAM, N. C. AGENTS, - - - - EVERYWHERE. T.. STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA 0B N ™ *- d —<— capital, tsoo.ooo. surplus, $240,oe«. RICHMOND. - VI^T^TA