Established 1840. 



THE 



Sixty-Fourth Year. 



Southern Planter 



A MONTHLY JOURNAL 



DEVOTED TO 



Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture, 
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside. 

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY, 

J. F. JACKSON, Editor sad General Manager. 



Vol. 64. 



MARCH, 1903. 



Proprietors. 



No. 3. 



CONTENTS. 



FARM MANAGEMENT : 

Editorial— Work for the Month 153 

"All Flesh is Grass." 156 

High Culture or the Intensive System, as Applied 

to the Culture of Corn. ...^ 157 

A Green Crop All Summer — Corn and Cow-Peas.. 159 
Grasses and Live Stock Husbandry — Bermuda 

GraBS 160 

The Difference in Resalts from Using a Balanced 

and an Unbalanced Fertilizer 161 

My Experience with Artichokes SO 2, gif 

Italian Rye Grass -«-JL 

Improving Mountain! Land 163 

Nitrate of Soda as.a Fertilizer for Tobacco Plant- 
Beds '. 164 

Humus ~ 164 

Enquirer's Column (Detail {Index, page 185)....'.... 166 

TRUCKING, GARDEN 'ANDIORCHARD : 

Editorial— Work for the Month 171 

Notes on Varieties of Apples at the Agricultural 

Experiment Station, Blacksburg, Va „ 174 

Garden and Orchard Notes _ 175 

Work in the Strawberry.Patch 176 

Editorial— Spraying Fruit Trees and Vegetable 

Crops 176 

Editorial — San Jose Scale ~. 176 

ecan Nuts 176 



LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY : 

Herefords at Anneneld, Clarke Co., Va 177 

HerefordB'at Castalia, Albemarle Co., Va 177 

Confining CowsiContinuously During Winter. 178 

Bacon, and a " Bacon Breed." - 179 

Biltmore Berkshire Sale « ~ 180 

The Brood Sow 181 

^-■■-•■"MtABD: x 

■** ,. \aying Competition of Breeds 182 

Cost cf Producing a Broiler 182 

THE HORSE : 

Notes 183 

MISCELLANEOUS : 

Brownlow's Good Roads Bill — A Practical and 

Conservative Measure „ 184 

Publisher's Notes - 185 

Advertisements 185 



■m- SUBSCRIPTION, 50c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE. "M 



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and room to spare. 

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CORN, 
PEAS, 
BEANS 
any number 
of grains any 
distances. 



ASHTON STARKE, 

RICHMOND, VA. 




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With or without 
fertilizer hopper, 
with runner o r 
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as it falls to the 

ground. 



forthb TOBACCO CROP 

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ALLISON & ADDISON, nJSSLTSSfc*. ... Richmond, Va v 

' MANUFACTURERS. 



The Southern Planter. 

DEVOTED TO 

PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE, 
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE. 



Agriculture Is the nursing mother of the Arts.—XENOPHON. 
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State.— SULLY. 



64th Year. 



Richmond, March, 1903. 



No. 3. 



Farm Management. 



WORK FOR THE MONTH 

Since writing our article on "Work for the Month" 
for the February issue, weather conditions have been 
such almost throughout the whole South as to prevent 
the carrying out of the programme of work therein 
laid out for February. The frequent rains have kept 
the land too wet for plowing, and those who failed to 
make good use of the time in the fall and early winter 
months to push on the work of breaking land to be 
cropped this year will now find themselves likely to 
be behind hand when seeding time is at hand, and will 
perforce be compelled to try to put four months' work 
into two. The result will be incomplete preparation 
of the soil and diminished yields of crops. Tear after 
year we keep on urging the full utilization of the fall 
and early winter months in the breaking of land in 
order not only to lessen the pressure of work in the 
spring, but also that advantage may be had of the 
ameliorating influence of the winter's frosts on the 
soil, but with comparatively small results. The far 
mer is usually a procrastinating Individ ual— very 
much like the Spaniard who always, when urged to 
make an immediate effort, replies, ' Many ana," " to- 
morrow," a to morrow which often never comes. So 
with the majority of farmers — they put off the plow 
ing of land in the fall and winter months, confident 
that in the spring there will be ample time to plow 
and fit the land for the crop. And yet reflection would 
assure him that probably in a majority of years in the 
South there is always at least one month, and often 



two, when the winter weather and the spring rains 
are so persistent as to practically compel him to lose 
at least one month of the time he had confidently reck- 
oned on within which to complete his preparation of 
the land for the crop. This practice of neglecting the 
golden opportunity of the fall and early winter months 
also results even when the spring is fairly genial in 
largely limiting the amount of work which he can find 
time to put on the preparation of the soil, and this, as 
we pointed out in our last issue, is, in our opinion, 
largely the cause of the small yields which crops make 
in the South. Where land was broken in the fall and 
winter, it is now well filled with moisture, not merely 
on the surface, but in the subsoil, and this, if con- 
served as it ought to be, will serve to meet all the 
needs of the crop, even though we should have a dry 
summer, whilst land yet to plow, though now wet on 
the snriace, i3 likely to be dry in the subsoil, and will 
require very careful management to make a crop 
should the summer be dry. Very much of the rain 
which falls on unplowed land during the winter is lost 
to the soil, as it largely runs off the soil into the creeks 
and ditches, and it is rarely the case in the South that 
we can afford to waste water in this way if we are to 
make a full yield from the land. 



As soon as the land is dry enough, let the plows be 
set to work first in breaking the land intended to be 
seeded with oats, and then upon the land intended for 
corn and forage crops. Do not, however, be tempted 



154 



THE SOCJTMEKN PLANTTEE 



i March 



to plow until the land is dry enough to work freely 
and leave the plow in a crumbly condition. Land 
plowed wet can never be made into a good seed bed, 
however much labor may be spent on it, whilst the 
injury done to the productive capacity of the land by 
the tramping of the horses, especially in the bottom 
of the furrows, is great, not only affecting the first 
crop, but many subsequent ones, unless remedied by 
subsoiling. Plowing, to be effective, should not mere 
ly turn the soil over, but should do a great part of 
the work of breaking that soil into fine particles and 
leave it in such condition as that the harrow and cul 
tivator can thoroughly and completely disintegrate it 
and reduce it to a fine loose condition, at least to the 
depth of 6 inches, and much better if to the depth of 
9 inches. We would once again urge the importance 
of a more perfect preparation of the soil before plant 
ing any crop than is customary in the South, or indeed 
any purt of this country. Instead of placing reliance 
upon the application of commercial or other fertilizer 
for the making of crops, let the first reliance be upon 
the perfect preparation of the soil. There is an im 
mense reserve of plant fooi placed by nature in al 
most every kind of soil, as analysis proves, much more 
than sufficient to meet the needs of crops for yearei if 
only available. This availability can only be secured 
by the breaking up of the soil into the smallest parti 
cles and subjecting these to the action of water, air 
and sunlight, and later to the action of the acids de 
veloped in the roots of almost all kinds of plants du 
ring the process of growth, and which acids have a 
powerful solvent effect on inert plant food. Only 
when the soil is thus finely broken can the soil mi 
crobes bring to bear upon it the wonderful fertilizing 
qualities which recent investigation has demonstrated 
them to possess. Mr. Geo. M. Clark, of Higganum, 
Conn., probably the mosc successful hay grower in the 
country, and who has made over 200,000 lbs. of hay 
in one year on 16 acres of land, and over 20,000 lbs. 
of hay on one acre of land, says the secret of his sue 
cef s is perfect preparation of the land and not the fer 
tilizer which he uses. He thus describes his method 
of fitting his land for a grain and grass crop. He 
begins on July 1st with the Double Action Cutaway 
Harrow going over the field twice the first week in 
half lap, the second time at right angles to the first. 
The second and every subsequent week till August 
1st he goes over once in half lap each time at 
right angles to the preceding. He thus harrows 
five times in July, and in August follows in 
half lap with an 8 loot smoothing harrow with level 
ling board until the surface is true. He then plows 
the field with a 24 inch Torrent Cutaway plow to a 
depth of six or seven inches, then trues the sur- 
face with the smoothing harrow again, and finally 



harrows the field with the Double Acting harrow once 
a week until September first (say three times), when 
the field will be in condition for sowing wheat or rye, 
if desired, or to lie until spring for oats. In this way 
the land is stirred 43 times before sowing a seed. In 
the secor d season, before sowing the grass seeds and 
after cutting the wheat or oat crop, the field is stirred 
32 times, at regular intervals, from July 1st to Sep- 
tember 1st, with the same implements as before, thus 
making a complete stirring of the soil 75 times before 
the sowing of the grass, which makes so great a yield 
of bay. Mr. Clark has for years demonstrated that 
such thorough working of land j ields a heavy profit. 
With hay selling at $12 per ton he has made a net 
profit of $42 per acre on his crop. Whilst it is not 
possible for a farmer having a large area to put into 
crops of various kinds to give so much work to each 
acre, yet there is a great difference between one plow- 
ing, one harrowing, and three cultivations, which is 
about the average of that given to a crop of corn in 
the South and the foregoing method of Mr. Clark. 
It would certainly pay to give land here three or four 
times the preparation usually given to it. Try the 
experiment. 

Oats for grain, forage or hay should be seeded du- 
ring this month. It is too late to sow Virginia 
grey winter oats after the 15th of the month with 
the expectation of their making a heavy crop. Up to 
that time they may be sown, but they will not usually 
make anything like so great a yield as when sown in 
the fall or in January or February. The rust proof 
oat is about the best variety to sow after the middle of 
March in the South. None of the Northern spring 
oats are suitable for Southern climatic conditions, as 
the weather becomes too warm for them before they 
have had time to make sufficient root growth to with- 
stand the heat. Land for the oat crop should be deeply 
plowed and finely broken, and the seed should be well 
covered, so that the roots may be protected from the 
heat. The oat is a cold climate crop. Most Southern 
farmers seed oats on their poorest land, and without 
any fertilizer. This is a mistake. If oats are worth 
growing at all they are worth better care than this. 
Probably in the Sjuth their greatest value is as a 
forage or hay crop, as the grain is not so plump and 
heavy as Northern grown oats, and therefore not so 
good feed nor so valuable on the market. If given 
good land to grow on, or they are helped with 250 to 
500 pounds of acid phosphate to the acre, they will 
make a hay or forage crop of value for stock -feeding, 
especially for cattle, and can be followed with a cow- 
pea crop, to be sown in June or July. Sow from a 
bushel and a half to three bushels to the acre, aecor- 
ding to the fertility of the land. Put the heaviest 



190 3.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



155 



seeding on the poorest land and decrease the quantity 
of seed as the land is more fertile. Whilst phosphoric 
acid has been proved to be the dominant fertilizer re 
quired in the production of the oat crop, y*t experi 
once has also proved that a nitrogenous fertilizer will 
materially help a weak growing'crop. An application 
of from 75 to 100 pounds of nitrate of soda to the acre, 
made just when the crop has fairly started to grow, 
will generally largely increase.the yield, and especially 
80 of the straw, a matter of great importance whei e the 
crop Is to be used for forage or hay. 



Grass and clover seed should be sown this month 
where not already seeded in the fall, which in the 
South is undoubtedly the best and most proper time 
for the crop. In our last issuo we wrote fully on this 
question, and to that issue refer our readers. We 
want again to emphasize the importance of not seed- 
ing grass with a grain crop at any time if the best 
stand of grass is desired, but certainly with spring 
seeding nothing but grass and clover should be sown. 
In the earlier part of this article we have made a quo- 
tation from Mr. G. M. Clark as to the way in which 
he prepares his land for seeding with grass, and there- 
by secures enormous crops of hay. We refer our 
readers to this and ask them to follow the directions, 
certainly to as great an extent as time will allow. 
Fine and perfect preparation of the land before seed- 
ing is absolutely essential to successful grass growing. 
As a fertilizer for the crop Mr. Clark, after long ex 
perimenting, finds that he succeeds best by using all 
his coarse farm-yard manure for the production of 
oorn and other cultivated crops where the weeds can 
be killed as they sprout. When seeding with grass 
he uses only commercial fertilizers made from bone, 
muriate of potash and nitrate of soda. He applies 
these ingredients to each crop of graes — that is to say, 
twice in each year, as he makes two crops of hay each 
year. In the fall he applies 1000 lbs. of bone meal, 
800 lbs. of potash, and 200 lbs. of nitrate of soda per 
acre. In the spring he applies one third of each of 
these ingredients. This app)ies:to fall seeding of grass. 
If seeded in the spring we would give the heavy dress- 
ing before sowing the grass seeds, and harrow in, and 
then in fall, after the hay has been cut, apply the 
lighter dressing as a top-dressing. Mr. Clark sows 
only timothy and red top (herds grass) 16 quarts of 
each per acre. On his very finely prepared land he 
finds this quantity of seed sufficient, but on less care 
fully prepared land we would sow twice this quantity. 
The poorer the preparation of the land and the less 
fertile the soil the more seed should be used, up to 
three bushels to the acre. The sowing of timothy and 
red top alone presupposes that the field seeded is only 
to be used for mowing for hay. If it is desired also 



to secure a pasture after mowing, say two or three 
years, then it will be well to sow also Orchard grass, 
Meadow Fescue, Perennial Rye and Virginia Blue 
grass. Under grazing, the timothy will die out, whilst 
the other grasses will endure. Be very careful to sow 
the seeds with regularity. It is well to sow half one 
way of the field a id the other half across. Harrow in 
the seed with a smoothing harrow, running the harrow 
both lengthwise and across, and then roll. If after 
the grass has commenced to grow it looks yellow, or a 
light green, apply 75 lbs. to 100 lbs. to the acre of 
nitrate of soda as a top dressing. The quantities of 
fertilizer used will seem large to Southern farmers, but 
it should be borne in mind that they are intended to 
produce a heavy yield of hay. Mr. Clark has made 
over 23,00$ lbs. of cured hay to the acre in two crops 
in one year. Oar own experience has convinced us 
that it pays to be liberal in the use of bone meal before 
seeding grass, and we would never apply less than 500 
lbs. of this to the acre. We believe that much less 
potash (probably less than one-third) than Mr. Clark 
uses will be found sufficient in Virginia, and that 
probably 150 lb*, of nitrate of soda to the acre in two 
dressings will suffice. 



In the cotton section land should be broken and be 
got into fine condition for planting as soon as it is suf- 
ficiently dry to work. The same remarks as to the 
importance of perfect preparation of the land before 
seeding apply to cotton growing as to other crops. 
The yield of cotton per acre is, on the average, less 
than half a bale; whilst there is no reason whatever 
why at least a bale to the acre should not be pro- 
duced, and on much of the land, properly adapted to 
cotton, 1} bales can easily be made. Where land will 
not, under proper cultivation, and with ieasonably 
heavy fertilization, make a bale to the acre, it should 
not be planted in cotton until sufficiently improved to 
make that quantity. There is not a living profit in 
making half a bale to the acre even at present prices. 
The cause of the failure to make more than half a bale 
to the acre is mainly two fold— lack of fertility in the 
land and lack of preparation of the soil before plant- 
ing. The lack of fertility is mainly a lack not so much 
of the mineral fertilizers as of humus (vegetable mat- 
ter) in the soil. No application of commercial fertili- 
zers alone, however heavy, will correct this. Vegeta- 
ble matter must be grown, and be put into the soil, 
and then even a moderate application of fertilizer will 
produce a paying crop if only that soil, when thus re- 
inforced with life giving matter, is properly prepared 
before the crop is planted. We would strongly urge 
that only such land as is not altogether devoid of hu- 
mus should be planted in cotton, and that other land 
should be planted in peas to prepare it for cotton next 



156 



THE SOUTHEBN PLANTER 



[March 



year. Only by following this practice of growing hu 
mus making crops and taming them into t e land in 
the late fall, or feeding part of the crop to stock, and 
applying the resulting manure to the land and turn- 
ing down a heavy stubble, can the increased yield be 
secured. Do not bed up the land intended to be 
planted unless it is wet land or liable to be flooded. 
Cotton, like corn, succeeds best with level culture. 
Plow an inch or two deeper than was plowed last year, 
and plow all the land, not merely just where the row 
is to be. After plowing, use a good heavy drag har 
row or cultivator, and work the land both length 
wise and across until reduced to a fine seed bed. 
The fertilizer intended to be given to the crop should 
be applied during the harrowing and working of the 
land, and will thus become thoroughly mixed with the 
soil, and will be much more effective than if applied 
just previous to planting the seed. If less than 500 
lbs. to the acre be applied it may be put in the row, 
and should be thoroughly mixtd with the soil by run 
ning a cultivator through it, but we are on principle 
strongly in favor of broadcast fertilizing. Before 
planting the seed freshen up the soil by running a cul- 
tivator down the row. As to the fertilizer to be used. 
A series of experiments made in South Carolina dem 
onstrated very positively that it is an easy matter to 
supply more plant food than the crop can utilize with 
profit. The maximum quantity of fertilizer that can 
generally be used to advantage on average land is such 
an amount as will furnish 50 lbs. of phosphoric acid, 
15 lbs. of potaBh, and 20 lbs. of nitrogen to the acre. 
A fertilizer made of 1,200 lbs. of acid phosplate, 600 
lbs. of cotton seed meal, and 200 lbs. of kainit will 
supply this need if applied at the rate of 800 lbs. to the 
acre. If peas have been previously grown on the land 
as a preparation for the crop and acid phosphate was 
applied to them both the acid phosphate and the cot 
ton seed meal in the moisture may be reduced or a 
less quantity be applied per acre. 



In laying out tie land for crops see that provision 
is made for growing an abundance of forage crops, 
such as cow peas, Soy beans, sorghum, millet (so called 
Pencillaria, which has been much advertised and re- 
commended, is nothing more than the old cat tail mil 
let), and in Southern Virginia and the States South 
Teocinte. Do not let the live stock have to depend 
for their long feed next winter on the blade and corn 
fodder made in the production of the corn crop. 
Southern lands will never be improved until more 
stock feeding crops are produced and either fed or 
turned under. 



Mention the Planter to your friends. 



"ALL FLESH IS GRASS " 

Editor Southern Planter : 

Improved stock must have improved forage — pala- 
table, wholesome, nutritious forage, and plenty of it. 

Until better and cheaper winter forage plants are 
found than are now in common use in Alabama, and 
until better summer pastures are provided than such, 
as our old fields afford, we cannot sell beef, butter and 
pork in our own markets in competition with Illinois 
and Kansas. 

Our usual sources of winter forage, consisting o^ 
cotton seed, blade fodder and corn, are well enough as 
far as they go, but the trouble is they do not go far 
enough. In truth, they furnish an altogether inade- 
quate supply, and are far too costly. 

There is no denying that a man newly arrived from 
a stock country, and viewing Alabama from North to 
South through the windows of a railroad car, would 
not be favorably impressed by it as a stock farming 
country. He would naturally ask, What is there to 
feed stock on ? and say, I see no green pastures — noth- 
ing but broomsedge and coaise weeds. Neither do T 
see any meadows of timothy and clover; nor, indeed, 
anything to take their places in supplying winter for- 
age. Very likely some one would tell him that "here 
in the sunny South cattle do not need to be fed, or, at 
least, but very little." And maybe a diminutive fod- 
der stack would be pointed out as the only provision 
necessary to carry a dozen head of stock through the 
balmy and beautiful winter of our Southland. 

Is it not time that such nonsense was ended ? Im- 
proved stock are only improved machines for turning 
forage into meat and butter. For "all flesh is grass," 
and instead of giving stock only enough to keep them 
alive, or "enough to do 'em," as the saying is, they 
ought to be fed to the fall from the time they are born 
until they are ready for slaughtering. 

lb will not do for us to blindly copy the practices of 
stock farmers in other countries. Our conditions dif 
fer widely from theirs ; and let me say right here that 
I fully believe our conditions, though different, are 
fully as favorable as those of the farmers of Illinois or 
Kansas. Oar Alabama has just as grand possibilities 
as the very best of them. She has wonderful capaci- 
ties in the stock food line. But like the iron and the 
coal in these mountains and valleys, they lie hidden, 
and it will take ingenuity and industry to develop 
them. 

We must provide a bill of fare for our stock for each 
and every season here. No single grass, for instance, 
will afford pastuie from spr ng to fall, as the "June 
grass," or Kentucky blue grass of the North does. 
I find Bed top and Orchard grass the best for spriog 
and fall pasture. I say "spring and fall," because 
our winter is too cold to keep them in active growth,. 



L993. 1 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



157 



and they carl ap to take a summer siesta during our 
hot season. Bermuda has no equal as a hot weather 
grass. It is a vegetable salamander, and I am sure it 
is a mystery to me that here in its own home it is not 
more highly appreciated. It is time we honored our 
own prophet ; for no other grass known to botanists 
presages so much to the stockman of the South. It is 
my humble opinion that even the "June grass" of 
the North cannot compare as stock pasture with our 
Bermuda. It used to be said in Old Virginia that 
two months on a wire grass field, as Bermuda was 
called there, would fatten any run down mule or steer. 
Dairymen in the North have to supplement their pas 
tures in the heat and drought of even their short sum 
mers by soiling with cut up corn or sorghum. But 
we of the South can do well in our long semi tropical 
summers if provided with plenty of Bermuda. 

For the winter part of our bill of fare in stock food, 
after experimenting for several years, I have settled 
on Soy bean hay as a staple general ration for cattle, 
horses and hogs. As I find it, the Soy bean is the 
most reliable, the most productive, the most palatable 
and, above all, the most nutritious of all hay plants. 
Neither is it very difficult to cure. It is much less so 
than field peas, and is in every way a fine superior 
plant. 

In choosing forage plants, preference ought to be 
given to legumes, because they are not only rich in 
protein, but yield well on land poor in nitrogen, pro 
vided such land can stock them with the necessary 
parasitic microbe, as is now well known. In other 
words, the millets, sorghums, and fodder corn, must 
have nitrogen to produce a heavy yield, and that be 
ing the costliest, as well as the most generally lacking 
element in our Southern soils, the advantage of le- 
gumes will be the more apparent. 

I have experimented with sand vetch and am great 
ly pleased with it. I am gradually extending the area 
of it on my farm. This takes time, as unless the soil 
be inoculated naturally or artificially, it is not worth 
while to sow it on common land expecting to obtain 
either hay, pasture or seed. Notwithstanding the 
drought of last summer, it grew waist high for me, 
and I threshed out several bushels of seed far superior 
in vitality to such as I could buy. As my soil is heavy 
and moist, a winter pasture is not of much value, but 
in dryer and warmer soils than mine, sand vetch can 
be of great service in helping out the winter ration. 
Doubtless it may be a substitute for orchard grass and 
red top in soils and situations too dry and warm for 
them, and thus provide stock food in the interval be 
tween hot and cold weather, as those grasses do for 
me. For such a purpose, I know no plant to compare 
with sand vetch. But our old friend rye must not be 
forgotten. The stockman will always find it a valua 



ble assistant in time of need. It does not gather ni- 
trogen from the atmosphere, but it gathers it from the 
soil, where it otherwise would be leached out by the 
winter's rain (which is often of just as much impor- 
tance), and then turns it over to us just when we most 
need it in the shape of green succulent cattle food in 
the early spring. 

I have tried Essex rape ; it has done well ; but to 
my mind it has no advantage over rye. I have also 
tried Crimson clover. On damp, but not wet land it 
does fairly well. But it is far less reliable than sand 
vetch, which, while it stands cold as well as rye, all? o 
stands heat as well as corn. Seed of sand vetch 
plowed under (where it had shattered) in early July 
never came up until the following September. Then 
every grain sprouted, seemiDgly. Better still, where 
there was any moisture it sprouted, and withstood the 
terrible drought of last July and August unharmed, 
and now carpets the ground all over. With such a 
plant as that, together with Soy beans and Bermuda, 
there need be no excuse for hungry stock in Alabama. 
All the work in making and saving them can be done 
by machinery, while blade fodder, corn and cotton 
seed are gathered by costly and slow hand labor. 

Moseley, Ala. Joshua Franklin. 

The advice given in the above article is equally as 
adapted to Virginia and North and South Carolina 
as to Alabama. — Ed. 



HIGH CULTURE, OR THE INTENSIVE SYSTEN, 
AS APPLIED TO THE CULTURE OF CORN, 

Editor Southern Planter : 

There must be something radically wrong in the 
present system of fertilization for corn; or possibly the 
"wrong" may be in the composition of the fertilizer 
itself, as usually compounded for this crop. I think 
it is both. Why so t Because it is so common for 
one to read in experiment station bulletins and in the 
writings of some editors of farm papers, that "chem- 
ical or commercial fertilizers are not profitable when 
applied to this crop; that the increase obtained by 
their use will not iepay the actual cost of fertilizer 
employed." 

I suppose this is somewhat dependent upon the 
value (market price) of the crop when gathered. 
Throughout the entire South, it would not be going 
too far were I to say that there is never a single sea 
son passes when corn fails to sell as high as 50 cents 
per bushel, and oftener at 75 cents and $1 per bushel. 

I have oftentimes stated the fact, and now reiterate 
it, that chemical fertilizers get in their best work 
(that is, do the most good, give best results, and prove 
most profitable) in correatin? known deficiencies in 
the soil. Used intelligently, and with this specific 



158 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTEB. 



[March 



object in view, their liberal use cannot fail to be both 
beneficial and profitable. If the so called "com 
plete" fertilizers fail to give a profit, why use a com- 
plete fertilteer at all? It is entirely unnecessary for 
us to purchase the more costly nitrogen when we can 
raise our own needed supply in the field, right wheie 
we want it, and without the trouble and expense of 
hauling or distributing it, by means of the cow pea, 
clover or vetch. This is essential to good farming, 
to intensive and profitable farming, let the main reli- 
ance as a cash or money crop be what it may. 

Corn needs an abundance of both nitrogen and pot 
ash, and where thes« are lacking, or deficient, a large 
or remunerative yield of corn cannot be obtained. 
With a clover sod or cow pea stubble, or indeed any 
other good sod to turn under, for the purpose of fur 
nishing humus, retaining moisture, and also of fur 
nishing the needed supply of nitrogen, but little if 
any more nitrogen will be needed than these will fur 
nish, but where said humus is deficient, stable or lot 
manure becomes an actual necessity in order that best 
results may be attained. For best results, said stable 
manure should be reinforce! by both phosphoric a^id 
and potash. It is to be supposed that both clover and 
cow peas were fertilized with these substances previ 
ous to planting, as no really luxuriant growth of either 
can be obtained where these are deficient, and amount 
of nitrogen abstracted from the atmosphere is of course 
entirely dependent on paucity or luxuriance of growth 
of the m an u rial crop. 

In the absence of a clover sod or cow pea stubble, 
instead of depending upon a paltry 200 pounds of a 
low grade (8-2-2) fertilizer, from 800 to 1 000 pounds 
of a fertilizer containing 2 per cent. nitrogeD, 7 per 
cent, potash, and 6 per cent, available phosphoric acid 
should be applied per acre. This should be applied 
broadcast previous to breaking ; the ground immedi 
ately broken deeply with two horse plow ; then 
brought into fine tilth by a free use of the harrow. 

I have found the ordinary high grade "vegetable 
grower," ready mixed goods, applied at rate of 500 to 
600 pounds per acre on our rich bottom lands, to be 
pre-eminently satisfactory, obtaining a yield of 120 
bushels per acre thereby. 

The brarch, creek or river bottoms are undoubted 
edly the best corn lands we bave in the South. As 
they are more or less subject to overflow, they should 
not be broken until spring. I have found May the 
month for breaking these lands, and also the month 
for planting on these lands for maximum crop. There 
is quite a large amount of native fertility in our allu 
vials that deep preparation and intensive culture will 
brirg(nt ; but wbeie maximum jields aredesired, not 
only must the culture be intensive enough to make the 
largest possible quantity of this native fertility avail 



able; not only should chemical fertilizers be used to 
the extent of correcting any excess, or making good 
known deficiencies in the soil, but when all this has> 
been done, and not before, then the use of these same 
chemical fertilizers may be satisfactorily and profita- 
bly used in feeding the crop. Maximum crop yield* 
actually demands the presence in the soil of an ac- 
tual excess of plant food, in an easily available form, 
over and above any and all demands that the growing 
crop can possibly make upon it. Do not be afraid 
that if, from any cause beyond your control, you fail 
to get the full benefit of the manures applied the samo 
season in which the application has been made, that 
they are irretrievably lost, tor they are not, but will 
give evidence of their presence in the way of increased 
crops for at least the next five years to come. 

Above objection might hold good with a renter or 
share worker, bat not with a land owner. Take the 
crop yield (255 bnshe's of corn per acre) of Zeehariah 
Drake, for instance : $50 worth of stable manure and 
$69 worth of commercial fertilizers were applied to 
the single acre. Four years afterwards, in a personal 
interview with Mr. Drake, I was assured by that gen- 
tleman that "the yield of oats the succeeding season 
on that acre was 150 bushels ; and that it had not 
yielded less than two bales of cotton any year since \ 
and that without the addition of fertilizing agents of 
any kind. 

Mr. Alfred Rose, of Penn Tan, N. T., succeeded in 
obtaining a yield of 213 bushels per acre with but 800> 
pounds of a high grade corn fertilizer, and costing but 
$17.50, but the land of Mr. Rose was extra good, while 
that of Mr. Drake had previously been so desperately 
poor as to yield but five bushels of corn per acre, and 
had enjoyed the rather undesirable cognomen of ' 'star- 
vation's empire." 

After Mr. Drake's experience, it would seem that it 
is needless to get out of heart with any ground simply 
on account of its poverty. I have myself seen and 
walked over this premium acre, and have no hesita 
tion in saying that I bave never been in a single State 
in this Union, nor even a single county of any of the 
States, but that I there found land that was naturally 
superior to this prize acre. Truly: "There is more 
in the man tban there is in the land." 

Burgess, Miss. G. H. Tubnee. 



Wood Ashes and Fertilizer. 

Is it proper to mix wood ashes and commercial fer^ 
tilizer together? Subsceibee. 

Dinwiddle Co., Va. 

It is better always to apply the a?hes alone first and 
work in, and then tbe fertilizer later. Ashes have a 
tendency to set free the ammonia in the fertilizer. — 
Ed. 



1903.] 



f HE SOTTTHEB> PLAJSTEIt. 



159 



A QREEN CROP ALL SUJIMER— CORN AND 
COW-PEAS. 

Editor Southern Planter : 

If corn be planted in drills 7 feet apait as early in 
the season as a good stand can be procured (for this 
climate about the first of April) and from six weeks 
to two months thereafter cow peas be drilled midwaj 
between the corn rows and both well cultivated until 
the peas become too large to work, a full crop of corn 
and Very nearly a full crop of peas can be grown. 

The following is an extract from Bulletin No. 70, is 
sued in 1901 by the Arkansas Agricultural Lxperi 
ment Station : " The value of two successive crops of 
corn without cow peas sown in them was $21.10, while 
the value of the two successive crops of corn, plus the 
value of a crop of cow- peas sown in the first crop, was 
$33.51." 

Here is an increase on the aggregate value of both 
corn crops of 64 per cent., to say nothing of the im 
provement of the land that resulu-d from growing the 
peas, and if peas had been grown in connection wit i 
the second crop of corn, the percentage of ga'n would 
domtless have been much greater. 

The question here arises, "Is it better to plant the 
corn in ordinary drills — say 4 to 5 feet apart — and sow 
the peas broadcast at the last working of the corn, or 
plant the corn and peas in alternate drills, as afore 
said! ' 

Prof. Massey expresses himself in The Southern Planter 
of June, 1901, relative to drills as follows : 

"I am putting all my peas in rows this year and am 
rapidly coming to the conclusion that this is the best 
plan as a rule." He sajs nothing here, nor do I find 
an expression from him anywhere else, relative to 
growing corn and cow peas in connection. 

When peas are planted alone, the drills, for forage 
or improvement purposes, may be 3 to 3 J feet apart. 
For bearing purposes they may be 3 to 6 feet apart, 
according to the kind of pea grown. In either case 
they should be well cultivated until the vines become 
too large. 

Drills, in connection with corn, are preferable for 
several reasons : First. A saving of at least three- 
fourths of the seed necessary for broadcasting can be 
effected. An actual teat has shown that 12 pounds of 
seed per acre in drills will produce a larger quantity 
of forage or shelled peas than a larger quantity, say 
13 pounds, will, and it is believed will also produce a 
larger quantity than one bushel broadcasted. Second, 
Fertilizer applied to peas in drills, in connection with 
proper cultivation, will act far better than it will with 
peas that are broadcasted without cultivation. 

When corn ti planted, especially in the Southern 
States, where the season is long, provision should in- 



variably be made for cow peas by adopting the wide 
row system. 

A deep, loose bed of proper width should be pro 
vided for the corn by running a suitable narrow plow 
several time* in the drills. A good dressing of stable 
manure may then be applied in the drills to which 
may be added 30 pounds of muriate of potash and 50 
pounds of acid phosphate for each ton of stable ma- 
nure, which will correct the excess of nitrogen in the 
manure ; then mix well with the soil before planting. 
A sufficiency of corn should be used to procure a stand 
at one planting. When thinned, single stalks may be 
left in the drills 10 to 12 inches apart. This close dis- 
tance, however, implies proper fertilizing and thor- 
ough cultivation. 

Last summer I had corn in 7 feet drills 81 inches 
apart, with rows of peas between, that eared well. 
With 12 inches distance, 100 ears to the bushel, an 
acre should produ e 62 bushels of corn, and with 10 
inches distance 74 bushels. 

The corn should receive one or more deep cultiva- 
tions, provided that the roots are not materially 
broken A belt of proper width midway between the 
corn rows may be plowed deep with some sui-able nar- 
row plow up to the time the peas are planted. 

Fbktilizee foe Peas. 

Mix 1600 pounds of acid phosphate with 400 pounds 
of muriate of potash to make a ton. This mixture will 
contain 10 per cent, each of pttash and phosphoric 
acid. Apply 600 pounds per acre on a belt about a 
fooc broad midway between the corn rows and mix 
with the soil, preferably a few weeks before seeding. 

From 30 to 40 pounds of nitrate of soda per acre 
may be added ; it will give the young plants a good 
send off. 

In order to utilize the wide spaces, it will be neces- 
sary to plant a rank grower. The Eed Ripper, Won- 
derful and Clay peas, in. the order named, appear to 
be among the rankest growers. The past season I 
grew the Wonderful with excellent results. With 
single stalks, 3 feet apart in the drill, they covered 
the ground to a sufficient extent to completely smother 
the crab grass, and also climbed the corn stalks to a 
considerable extent. They appeared to yield better 
tii in those in adj icent rows of half the distance, and 
if 4 feet distance had been given, I believe that they 
vTonld have yielded still better; they were well fer- 
tilized. These peas for bearing purposes are usually 
left much too thick. Six to eight quarts per acre in 
7 feet drills will be a;nple for forage or improvement 
purposes, while for bearing a far less quantity will be 
needed. Pianb about the 15th of May. From 
20,000 to 35.000 pounds of green pea vines can easily 
be grown per acre. The smaller quantity, 20,000 



160 



IHJS aoUTHEKN PLAJNTKli. 



[March 



pounds, will draw from the air and store in the vines 
abont $15 00 worth of nitrogen. When the vines are 
turned down, after maturity, said nitrogen will be 
utilized by the next crop. 

Cow pea hay is far too rich in protein to be eco- 
nomically fed alone. Cocsequently it should be mixed 
with timothy or some similar hay in equal parts, or 
the timoth7 may be mixed with the pea vines in the 
proportion of 7 to 6. 

Shredded corn fodder (the entire plant, less the ears 
of corD,) may be used in lieu of the timothy. 

Carthage, N. G. Bbyan Tyson. 



GRASSES AND LIVE STOCK HUSBANDRY- 
BERMUDA GRASS. 

Editor Southern Planter : 

The interest manifested by Southern farmers in 
questions relating to grasses and live stock farming is 
indeed very gratifying. There is no question that live 
stock farming, when properly conducted, is profita 
able, and will enable the farmer to improve the fertil- 
ity of his soil. I have recently had occasion to study 
the amount of commercial fertilizers used in the vari 
ous States of the Union, and find tint in the great 
live stock growing sections of the country the soil is 
richer now than it was twenty jears a^o, while com 
mercial fertilizers are practically unknown to the gen 
eral farmer. On the other hand, in those parts of the 
country where live stock are not an important feature 
of farming, the soil is for the most part in a sadly de 
pleted condition and the commercial fertilizer bill 
amounts to 5 to 10 per cent, of the total value of the 
crops produced. The correspondence of this office in 
dicates that the farmers of the South are thoroughly 
interested in Jive stock farming, but, like all conserv 
ative men, they wish to learn all they can about the 
subject before making any radical changes in their 
system of farming. For many years past the writer 
has taken every opportunity to visit successful farm- 
ers wherever they might be found and to learn as 
much as possible concerning their methods, and he is 
convinced that more valuable information can be ac 
quired in this manner than in any other. It is a cus 
torn in this office, when we learn of a successful farmer 
whom we cannot visit, to secure as much information 
from him as possible by correspondence and to use 
this information for the benefit of other farmers. 

From what we have learned in this way concerning 
results that have been achieved in the Southern States, 
there seems no question that, on the better class of 
soils, Bermuda is the best pasture grass so far availa 
ble. It also seems that in many places burr clover and 
hairy vetch may be established on Bermuda sod, both 
of which furnish valuable green feed during the win 



ter. Occasionally we meet a farmer who is afraid of 
Bermuda because it is somewhat difficult to eradicate. 
Personally, the writer believes that this fear is not 
fully justified. It is true that Bermuda is tenacious 
of life, and this is one reason why it is so valuable; 
but it is not difficult to eradicate if one will take the 
trouble to perform the necessary labor. In many 
places it can easily be eradicated by growing a crop of 
winter grain, preferably oats, sown very thick, cutting 
this for hay and following with a thickly sown crop of 
peas. Two season's cropping of this kind has com- 
pletely eradicated Bermuda in several cases with 
which the writer is familiar. Fortunately, this 
method of treatment is not expensive, and yields two 
good crops a year. 

Occasionally the assertion is made that stock do not 
do well on Bermuda pasture in the summer. I have be 
fore me a letter from Mr. J. D. Herring, of West Car- 
roll Parish, Louisiana, an extensive cattle grower, in 
which there is some valuable information on this 
point. He says : 

"I had enclosed a pasture containing 140 acres, 
about 100 awes were set to Bermuda and 40 acres 
woodland; upon this I put 100 head of two year old 
cattle about the first of April. These cattle had been 
used to a large range. Up to the 1st to 15th of July 
they did well. After that date they began to fall off 
and look bad. About September 1st I took them off 
the pasture and put them in the cane brakes for the 
winter. I think they were much stunted in their 
growth by keeping them on the pasture the last two 
months. The Bermuda becomes hard and woody in 
the late summer, and I don't like it for pasture after 
July 15th unless there is much rain to keep it { row 
ing. I had some 10 to 12 milk cows on a pasture last 
summer that contained 15 acres Bermuda and 40 
acres woodland, and they did very well all summer. 
I advise all farmers to have a Bermuda pasture. It 
makes good hay, and cattle will do well on Bermuda 
hay all winter; besides, it is a good hog pasture. I 
think it feasible to pasture cattle on Bermuda during 
the spring and summer and winter them on alfalfa, 
cow pea or Bermuda bay, and finish them for the mar 
ket on cotton seed meal and hulls. I think the bad 
effect of Bermuda in late summer c mid be overcome 
by mowing the pasture before the Bermuda goes to 
seed." 

I wish particularly to call attention to the recom 
mendation made by Mr. Herring that in order to pre 
vent Bermuda from becoming hard and wiry, it should 
be mowed so that stock may have the benefit of the 
fresh growth that follows the mowing. Where it is 
practicable to do so, it is probable that there would 
be an advantage in dividing the pasture into three or 
four fields, so that stock might : raze one of them 
close and then be turned into another. If the grass 
got too wiry before the stock had gotten over all of 
the pasture, the part not yet grazed might be cut for 
hay. In this way it ought to be possible, at least in 



1903. J 



THE 80UTHEEN PLANTER. 



161 



seasons of sufficient rainfall, to provide stock with 
fresh Bermuda pasture during most of the summer. 
W. J. Bpillman, Agroslologist. 
U. 8. Department of Agriculture. 



THE DIFFERENCE IN RESULTS FROM USING 
A BALANCED AND AN UNBALANCED FER- 
TILIZER 

Editor Southern Planter : 

The following is the result of a recent test with 
<3orn : 

Plot 1— No fertilizer. 

Plot 2 — An unbalanced fertilizer applied in the 
drill at the rate of 450 lbs. per acre and well mixed 
with the soil. 

Plot 3 — The same quantity (450 lbs.) of the unbal- 
anced fertilizer after suitable materials had been added 
to properly balance it. 

The fertilizer for plot 2 contained, as per analysis, 
ammonia 2 per cent, (equivalent to one and eleven 
seventeenths per cent, of nitrogen), phosphoric acid 
8 per cent., and potash 1 per cent. 

The fertilizer for plot 3 was properly balanced for 
corn by adding to earh sack of 200 lbs. of the unbal 
anced fertilizer, or, at that rate, nitrate of soda 6 lbs. 
and muriate of potash 30 lbs; (120 lbs of kainit in 
lieu of the muriate of potash could have been used). 
Said additions changed the 2 per cent, of ammonia to 
2 per cent, of nitrogen, and the 1 per cent, of potash 
to 7 per cent, of potash. The new fertilizer then con- 
tained nitrogen 2 per cent., phosphoric acid 8 per 
cent., and potash 7 per cent., which is a fairly well 
balanced fertiliser for corn. There was still an excess 
of from 1 to 2 per cent, of phosphoric acid, but it did 
not hurt anything. It would, however, be better to 
Avoid all this trouble by compounding properly at the 
start. 

The three plots received the same treatment, being 
/airly good. 

Plot 1 made little growth, the soil being poor. 

Plot 2 largely exceeded the growth of plot 1. 

Plot 3 largely exceeded plot 2, producing more than 
double the corn. 

The fertilizer used on plot 2 was manufactured at 
"Wilmington, N. C, and is largely used in this State 
for corn, cotton and other crops. 

The six Southern States east of the Mississippi, 
commencing with Alabama, use annually about one 
million five hundred thousand tons of commercial fer 
tilizers, which, at $20 per ton, amounts to $30,000,000. 

It is now safe to say that by reason of a large pro- 
portion of said fertilizers not being properly balanced 
for the crops to which they are applied the farmers 
frequently sustain a loss of at least one half of the 
money invested. 



Cotton requires a fertilizer containing nitrogen 3 
percent., phosphoric acid 8 percent., and potash 3 
per cent. (4 per cent, on lighter soil). If a fertilizer 
is properly compounded for corn, it is not suitable for 
cotton, nor is a fertilizer that is suitable for cotton 
suitable for corn. Hence, the necessity for farmers to 
procure the necessary fertilizer materials and do their 
own mixing. A saving of 25 and more per cent, can 
frequently be effected and a better fertilizer produced 
than the ready mixed goods. 

There is not a known crop grown that does not re- 
quire in the fertilizer more than 1 per cent, of potash, 
yet manj fertilizer brands are on the market having 1 
per cent, and even less. 

I would, however, emphasize the fact that good re- 
sults cannot be procured for a series of years, say five 
to ten, by the application of commercial fertilizers 
alone, no humus in the meantime being produced. In 
this case, the soil may even become poorer, however 
abundant the applications of a well balanced fertilizer 
may have been. Therefore, the rotation should be 
such that an occasional legume crop, such as clover or 
cow peas, will be grown and turned down at maturi 
fry. Said plants will draw the needed nitrogen from 
the air, and the rotted vegetable matter will properly 
increase the supply of humus. 

The ranker the growth the larger will be the sup- 
ply of available nitrogen and humus, hence it usually 
pays well to fertilize liberally. 

If the soil is deficient in the mineral elements of 
fertility (phosphoric acid and potash), they should be 
applied direct ; they cannot be drawn from tbe air. 
For cow peas, the following materials for an acre may 
be mixed, applied in 3J feet drills and well mixed 
with the soil, preferably a few weeks before seeding. 
Acid phosphate, 285 lbs. and muriate of potash 75 
lbs. ; 300 lbs. of kainit may be used in lieu of the mu- 
riate of potash. 

For clover, add 10 lbs. of muriate of potash or 40 
lbs. of kainit to the above. 

The above dose can be advantageously doubled. I 
have used for cow peas in drills 1,200 lbs. per acre of 
a fertilizer, substantially the same as the above, with 
the best of results. In this case the fertilizer was ap- 
plied in a furrow on either side of the young plants 
soon after they came up. When planted in drills and 
cultivated, one peck of seed per acre will be ample 
for forage or improvement purposes, thns affecting a 
saving of three fourths of the seed usually required 
for broadcasting. 

If from 30 to 50 lbs. of nitrate of soda be added to 
the fertilizer, it win give the young plants a good 
send off. 

Moore Co., N. C. Bey an Tyson. 

Whilst the mentioned proportions of the different 



162 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



jlUi.di 



ingredients of the fertilizer used fairly represent the 
needed requirements of the crops, yet experience has 
shown that more or less of these ingredients may be 
needed to fecurethe beet results, from the fact that 
lands vary so much in their different content of fer 
tihzmg material present naturally, and also in the 
availability of that present. Especially is this the 
case with the potash in this State. Even in Eastern 
Virginia, the light sandy lands, usually largely defi 
cient in potash, have been found not to respond prof 
itably to large applications of that mineral. In the 
Western and Central parte of the State, potash is usu- 
ally present naturally in sufficient supply for all crops 
except tobacco. Nothing but actual tests with the 
land can determine exactly what is the proper quan- 
tity to supply. The great need of all lands in the South 
is vegetable matter. If this be supplied, then the 
needs in other respects can be easily ascertained. 
This vegetable matter will largely make available the 
natural supplies of mineral plant food in the soil, and 
thus render unnecessary heavy applications of mine 
ralfood.— Ed. 



nY EXPERIENCE WITH ARTICHOKES. 

Having read a good deal in The Southern Planter and 
other agricultural journals about the value and health - 
fulness of artichokes for hogs, I concluded to make a 
trial of them, hoping to raise pork at a minimum cost. 
I bought seed and planted at least an acre, got a good 
stand, and cultivated well, and they made a heavy 
yield. I turned the hogs into them about the 20th of 
October, expecting to see them go for the tubers with 
voracious appetites, but to my surprise and disgust 
they would not root; for them nor eat them when pull 
ed out of the ground. I did not feed them anything 
else for several days, but they all seemed to have made 
up their minds to starve rather than eat artichokes. 
I then fed on coin till 1st of November. 

I then put them in a floored pen, feeding them only 
new corn for tenor twelve days. Thinking they would 
then enjoy a change of diet, I again gave theartichoies 
to them. They rooted them around and turned up their 
noses and seemed to be as much disgusted as myself. 
So I am done with the artichoke. 

Mecklenburg Co., Va. W. Russell 

This is the first time in our long experience that we 
have ever had a complaint that hogs would not eat ar 
tichokes. These hogs must have been very fastidious 
animals. We think we could have got them to eating 
them. If a few of the tubers had been sliced up and 
put in a trough or on a floor anJ a handful of meal 
spread over them we believe the hogs would at once 
have taken to them. We know many people whofted 
them every year and make cheap and good pork on 
them. Try them again friend, and just tempt the hogs 
to taste them. They will find them good eating and 
will not fail to lake to them. These fastidious appe- 
tites require to be brought down. — Ed. 



ITALIAN RYE GRASS. 



Editor Southern Planter : 

This is said to have been the firs* grass cultivated 
separately & r agricultural purposes. It is first men- 
tioned in a book published in England in 1611, and 
seems to have been about the only grass cultivated for 
a hundred years afterwards. To those who are not 
familiar with it, the following description will b* bet- 
ter understood than the technical terms of the botanist: 
The culms (stalks) grow from two to three feft high, 
and are very full of leaves. The p*nnicle (head) is 
six inches or more in length, contains from seven to 
eleven seeds, and bears a striking resemblance to those 
of couch, or quack grass. 

A well informed writer says: "It occupies the same 
place in England that timothy roes with us, and is 
there esteemed., on the whole, higher than any other 
species of grass." Its name, Italian rye grass, is de 
rived from the fact that its native habitat, or home, is 
on the plains of Lombardy, where broad and exten- 
sive areas of pasture land are frequently inundated by 
mountain streams that intersect them. In irrigated 
meadows, it is undoubtedly superior to any other 
grass. It thrives well in the moist climate of Great 
Britain without irrigation, and no doubt would flour 
ish along the rivers in the Uuited States where the 
land is snbject to yearly overflow. 

Prof Phares, of Mississippi, some years since, said: 
"This year Italian rye grass stands drouth well, and 
grows most luxuiiantly in the Southern States. If not 
kept well grazed or mowed, however, the leaves 
cover the ground so deeply and densely that an excess 
of rain in very hot weather in the extreme South 
causes it to rot suddenly, destroying even the roots." 

If it will flourish weJl in the South, farmers could 
afford to take the risk of having it rot on the ground 
occasionally, as the benefit to the land by shading and 
rotting like surface manuring would more than com 
pensate for the cost of the seed and labor of seeding. 
It may be, however, that Prof. Phares was too san- 
guine about its value in the South. 

Prof. T. M. Tracy, of the Mississippi Experiment 
Station, says, in the Report of the Department of 
Agriculti re for the year 1890: ' From five sowings in 
the field of Italian, English and perennial varieties, 
we have nothing left except an occasional plant. None 
of them seem able to stand our summer, and cannot 
be recommended for the Southern States." 

As long ago as 1860, the Rev. 0. W. Howard, in a 
letter printed in the Patent Office Report, said: "The 
Italian seed was sown last spring; they came up and 
grew vigorously, but almost entirely perished during 
the severe drouth of the past summer." 

At the Wyoming Experiment Station, out of twenty 
different kinds of grass seed selected for trial, Prof. 
Dyce McLaren gives Italian rye grass the second place 
in ihe ovder of excellence. 

The Report of the Department of Agriculture for 
1870, places it among the best grasses as regards re 
sistance to drouths and power of endurance when 
subject to the scorching snn and parched soil. 

"The grasses," saj s the Library of Universal Knowl- 
edge, "are distributed over all parts of the world. 
Some are characteristic of the warmest tropical re- 
gions and some of the vicinity of perpetual snow; but 



l$H)3 J 



THE 8UUTHEB.N PLA.NTKK. 



163 



they abound most of all, and particularly in their 
social character, clothing the ground with verdure 
and forming the chief vegetation of meadows and 
pastures in the northern temperate zone. There is no 
kind of soil that is not suitable to some or other of the 
grasses, and while some are peculiar to dry and sterile 
soils, others are only found on rich soils with abnnd 
ant moisture; some grow in maishes, stagnant waters 
or slow streams; some only on the eea coast Some 
grasses are annual and some perennial. The most im 
portant fodder grass in Britain is the rye grass." 

The Encyclopaedia Britannica says: ''Italian rye 
grass and red clover are now frequently sown in mix 
ture for soiling, and succeed admirably." 

A Kentucky farmer gives the following mixture of 
grass seeds to be sown for pasturage: Blue grass, 8 lbs ; 
.orchard grass, 4 lbs ; timothy, 4 lbs ; re clover. 6 lbs. 
And to this, Dr. George Vasey says add Italian rye 
grass 4 lbs. , which, altogether, will make heavy seeding, 
but heavy seeding is what is needed to make a good 
pasture. For pasturage, he recommends a variety of 
grasses, as stock like a variety, and thrive better 
on it. 

There is no question about the excellence of Italian 
grass in Italy and England, but the testimony con 
cerning its value in this country is conflicting, and 
"when doctors disagree" there is no way but for farm- 
ers to experiment for themselves. 

J. W. Ingham. 

Italian rye grass has been very successfully grown 
on the James Biver low grounds and also on some 
other of the river bottom lands of the State. On 
these lands it makes a crop which can be cut two or 
three times unless the summer is ve^y dry. We have 
grown it largely in England on similar lands, and 
always with great success. Ifc is one of the best grasses 
for growing under irrigation, and will yield four or 
five cuttings in the year. It is largely grown on the 
sewage farms which have been established in England 
for the disposal of sewage from the large cities where 
sewage ?s not allowed to be turned into the rivers un 
less first purified by some means. The filtration of 
this sewaj e, by using it for irrigation purposes on 
sewage farms, has been found to be one of the best and 
cheapest methods of complying with the law. — Ed. 



IMPROVING MOUNTAIN LAND. 

Editor Southern Planter : 

I think it is almost impossible for anybody not per 
fectly familiar with Mr. Beynolds' soil to give the de- 
sired information. Mr. Eeynolds informs us that his 
soil is deep and black, and that timothy grows to per- 
fection. This generally indicates that the soil is rich 
in humus, and it is therefore questionable if blue 
grass, which makes other demands on the soil than 
timothy, will make a good sod there. 

It is quite trae that timothy alone, or even as the 
prevailing grass in a pasture, is not as desirable for 
cattle as other grasses are. Timothy is tender when 



quite young, bub soon gets hard and they hay is en 
tirely too hud for cattle, besides that it does net pjs- 
sess the feeding value of come other grasses. 
Whether it is advisable to plow the sod up depends 
upon the denseness of the sod, its being free from ob- 
noxious weeds and its lasting qualities. If the sod 
is weedy, it should be plowed up, and the best plan 
will probably be to fallow the soil. In a climate like 
ours, fallow is generally not given a regular place in 
the rotation, but if I want to clean a soil quickly and 
thoroughly and be sure of the success, I prefer it to 
any other method.: It should, however, be taken into 
consideration that on some soils it is a very difficult 
matter to get the'new sod as dense and last ng as the 
old sod. If the soil is not weedy, some other method 
of improving the sod without plowing it up may be 
resorted to. 

Another way "of improving the god is to top drees it 
with manure or fertilizers and sprinkle small quanti 
ties of suitable clover and grasses over it. Horse ma- 
nure deserves for cattle pastures the preference, but 
as it can seldom be obtained in sufficient quantities, 
other manure or commercial fertilizers will have to be 
substituted. Next to manure stands hard wood ash. 
These bring out;, the leguminous crops in a remarka 
bly short time. The phosphates and potash salts will 
have to be applied early in fall, as it has often been 
noticed that grass top dressed with th< se fertilizers i» 
objectionable to cattle. Without manure or fertilizer, 
I think, it will hardly be possible to bring about a 
change in the pasturage. The fine growth of the timo- 
thy, which at the present time occupies the soil, is pre- 
eminently due to the;cause that the soil supplies the 
food which the timothy demands, in liberal quantities. 
If other grasses with different demands on the plant 
food of the soil shall take the place of the timothy, or 
at least to a certain [extent, it will be necessary to 
change the plant food, by ^applying liberal quantities 
of the food demanded u by those plants. Without this 
change, I think, it will hardly be possible to obtain 
the desired effect. 

If it will be profitable to'make this change on a per- 
manent pasture, only^experience can tell. Generally 
it is not. It not only requires considerable manure or 
fertilizer to maintain an artificial pasturage, but the 
other land, set aside! for the growing of crops, being 
continuously cropped, will also require more manure. 
On most soils which do not produce a natural good 
sod, it is decidedly more profitable to have crops and 
pasture in rotation. One piepares the soil for the 
other. If the crops are well fertilized, there is suffi- 
cient available plant food left; in the soil to produce a 
good pasture. If the soil is seeded with a variety of 
clover and grasses, these pastures will be for three or 
four \ ears all that can be desired. The grass is also* 



164 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[March 



of a finer texture, sweeter and better than that of a 
fertilized permanent pasture, and is also better liked 
by the stock. 

Bnt as I have sa'd before, it is a difficult matter to 
suggest anything without having s en the soil and the 
sod. There are so many products which have to be 
taken into consideration in the management of a farm 
that they often outweigh the profit from a desired 
charge in one of the branches. 

District of Columbia. H. Winkelman. 



NITRATE OF SODA AS A FERTILIZER FOR 
TOBACCO PLANT BEDS. 

Editor Southern Planter : 

As the time is close at hand when the tobacco raiser 
•will have to prepare his plant bed, with your permis 
sion, I will give my experience with nitrate of soda 
as a plant grower. Last spring I prepared and seeded 
my beds as usual and put about 75 lbs. of regular to 
bacco fertilizer to the hundred square yards, which is 
considered a liberal application Both beds were on 
a good southern exposure, but the situation was rather 
dry for the light rains of the latter part of April and 
the first of May, and my plants came up very scatter 
ing, and these few were growing very slowly, and 
my prospect for a crop of tobaeco looked very blue. 
I had to do something, and that very quick, or miss a 
crop. I sent to Richmond for a sack of nitrate of soda 
(200 lbs.), for which I was charged at the rate of $50 
per ton cash. I top dressed my beds with this at the 
rate of about 10 pounds to the hundred yards, and then 
put on a light sprinkle of straw to hold the moisture. 
"We had a light rain that night, which dissolved the 
nitrate, and in a week the plants that came up first 
and were the size of a quarter when I dressed them 
with the nitrate, were six inches high, and the darkest 
green I ever saw. In the meantime the others had 
come up, and were large enough to plant in half the 
time it usually takes a plant to grow in, and all 
of them were of that healthy, robust character that 
take root and grow off -o nicely, as the tobacco raiser 
likes to see. 

Well, I would not have known whether it was the 
nitrate of soda, the straw or the rain, had I not left out 
a strip through the middle of each bed with no nitrate 
of soda on it, but this told the tale. The plants on 
this strip were not large enough to plant by the first 
of July, and they were then little yellow, tough things 
compared to the others growing within a foot of them. 
In the meantime I had finished planting my crop of 
60,000 hills by June 15th, and a week later I think I 
could have planted as many more out of the same 
beds, whilst another bed close by, that had a good ap 
plication of guano and hog-pen manure, had dried up 



after the first drawing. I think that the plants where 
the nitrate of soda was applied, after leaving the 
ground, without exaggeration, grew at least an inch a 
day, and this vigorous growth continued in the beds 
until August, dry or wet. 

I think the best time to apply nitrate of soda to 
plants is about the time they come up, as it acts at 
once ; it is not needed earlier than this. A heavy 
dew is sufficient to dissolve it. Care should be ob 
served in top dressing with it not to put it on when 
there is any water on the plants, as it will certainly 
harm them. I never expect to try to raise plants in 
the future without it, as it acts more like magic than 
anything in the way of fertilizer that I have ever 
tried. I think plants can be produced at least two 
weeks earlier by the use of it. 

Cumberland Co., Va. H. P. Baker. 



HUMUS. 

Editor Southern Planter : 

How shall we teach our farmers the necessity for a 
constant accumulation of humus in the soil ? One of 
the greatest evils we labor under is the constant wast 
ing of humus out of our lands. They are farmed year 
in and out without any regard to gaining humus. We 
will have to change our plans entirely or our lands 
will get so poor they will not pay for the plowing. 
Lard is put in cm year after year, or corn and then 
oats, and nothing added to help it. Every farm should 
have so many acres (say ten or twenty) every year 
so wed in rye early in fall to fallow in the spring for 
corn, and a like aiea to be sowed in pea3 in spring to 
fallow in fall for wheat, oats or grass. If this plan 
was followed every year, and some good fertilizer used 
with every crop, our lands would soon begin to pay a 
profit for working. Fertilizers on lands devoid of 
humus are almost useless. Land with plenty of humus 
in it will stand dry spells so much better, be easier 
improved and work much easier All persons renting 
out lands should stipulate in their contracts tha*; all 
grain crops grown should be preceded or followed by 
a humus making crop. Then, if every few years a 
good dressing of lime could be added on top of a good 
fallow of vegetable matter, our farms would soon take 
on new life and the country would look far better than 
it doen now. Some may say peas are too high to sow 
and fallow. Try corn ; I am told by some that it does 
nearly or quite as well as peas. Many of you have 
noticed wherever a shock of corn stood late in the 
field that the next crop grown on the land will show 
where those shocks stood. Even where your plows 
come out on the end to turn around the land shows a 
better growth of vegetable matter. 
Henrico Co., Va. Country. 

It is not the corn that improves the land, but the 
shadingof the soil by the shock which promotes nitri- 
fication in the soil. Corn will not improve the land 
like a leguminous erop does. It takes nitrogen from 
the soil instead of adding it. — Ed. 



1903. J 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



165 



ENQUIRER'S COLUMN. 

Enquiries should be sent to the office of The Southern Planter 
Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the month, for re 
plies to appear in the next month's issue of the Planter. 

Fertilizer for Peanuts and Corn. 

1. From what source is it best to obtain nitrogen for 
Spanish peanuts and for corn ? 

2. From what source is it best to obtain phosphoric 
acid for each of the above crops'? 

3. From what source is it best to obtain potash for 
eacb of the above crops ? 

4. Do you think a field on which Spanish peanuts 
were grown last year, on which barn yard manure and 
gnano was used, would be benefited and the yield of 
corn increased this year by application of lime f If so, 
what quantity to the acre should be used ! 

Please furnish me formulas for the above crops, and 
what quantity of mixture to the acre should be used. 
Sussex Co., Va. Geo. D. Gkizzaed. 

1. Cotton seed meal or dried blood are good sources 
from which to obtain nitrogen for the peanut. It, how 
ever, does not call for the application of much nitrogen, 
as being a legume it can obtain its supply from the at 
mosphere after it once gets a start, It is, of course, 
necessary for it to do this that the land should have 
in it the microbe peculiar to the peanut plant. This, 
however, is always found more or less abundantly 
wherever peanuts have been grown in the past few 
years. We deal with the fertilizer for a co n crop in 
our reply to No. 4. 

2. The phosphoric acid is cheapest and best supplied 
from acid phosphate. 

3. Potash can be had from either kainit or muriate 
of potash, but we should prefer the muriate, as we do 
not think the salt in kainit is of any value to the plant. 

4. We think It very doubtful if lime applied now 
would be of any service to the corn crop of this year. 
If applied in December or January it might have 
helped it. The action of lime is largely mechanical 
and takes time to become effective. Directly, it is of 
little value as plant food, but indirectly it helps much 
in correcting acidity in the soil and in liberating pot- 
ash and phosphoric acid. For these effects it must 
have time, as it acts slowly. We have no confidence 
in advising th3 use of any commercial fertilizer on the 
corn crop. A critical examination of many experi- 
ments conducted in many corn States justifies us in say- 
ing that rarely has the application of commercial fer- 
tilizer been profitable on the corn crop. It often re- 
sults in increasing the yield, but rarely sufficiently so 
to pay for the fertilizer. If used we would apply only 
acid phosphate — say 300 lbs. to the acre. The land 
you refer to will, no doubt, have sufficient nitrogen 
stored in it by the peanut crop to meet the needs of a 
corn crop. Potash has rarely been found necessary in 



this S^ate for corn, or, indeed, for any crop except to- 
bacco and Irish potatoes. For the peanuts mix : 

80 lbs. acid phosphate, 
300 lbs. cotton seed meal, 
50 lbs. muriate of potash, 

and apply this quantity per acre. You, of course^ 
know that the peanut requires lime for its successful 
growth and the perfection of the nuts. About 25 bush- 
els of lime per acre should be applied every three 
years. — Ed. 

Improving Land with Peas and Crimson Clover. 

I am a subscriber to your valuable journal, and have 
read with great interest therein, as well as in other 
agricultural journals, what has been said and encour- 
aged along the line of "green manuring" and the cul- 
tivation of nitrogen producing plants, with a view to 
raising, with the least possible cost, impovei ished soils 
to the highest state of cultivation. 

I have a plot of from six to eight acres of land — 
light grey soil, fairly red subsoil, land level, no gauls, 
but thin — very responsive to fertilization. I desire to 
prepare this piece of land for corn for the year 1904, 
and it has occurred to me that the proper course to 
pursue will be to sow it to peas this coming spring and 
either mow the vines or turn them under and follow 
with Crimson clover, to be turned under during the 
spring of 1904, and then plant to corn. 

1. Will this be practical t If so, 

2. Will it be proper to mow the peas and feed to 
stock, or plow them under? 

3. Should the pets be sown broadcast, or should 
they be drilled ? 

4. Should it be proper to drill peas, should the fer- 
tilizer be drilled or should it be broadcasted ? 

5. If broadcasted, what number of pounds of fertil- 
izer should I sow to the acre, and kind ? 

6. If broadcasted, what number of bushels of peas 
should be sown ? 

7. Should it be proper to follow the peas with clover, 
how should the seed be applied, and what number of 
pounds to the acre? 

8. What kind, and what number pounds of fertil- 
izer should there be used in connection with the sow- 
ing of clover ? 

Nottoway Co., Va. W. M. White. 

1. Yes ; entirely so, and most proper. 

2. As to whether the peas should be cut and fed to 
stock depends on the condition of the land. If 
almost completely devoid of humus or vegetable mat- 
ter, we would say let the vines became nearly ripe and 
then plow the whole crop down ; but if the land is not 
so poor as to call for all this vegetable matter, then cut 
the crop, leaving a tall stubble, and plow this down. 

3. On such a piece of land as you describe we would 
sow broadcast. If the land was in better condition 
we would driil them. 

4. Sow the fertilizer broadcast. 

5. Apply 300 or 400 lbs. of acid phosphate and 50 
lbs. of muriate of potash per acre. 

6. A bushel or a bushel and a half of peas will be 



166 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[March 



sufficient broadcast. If drilled, two pecks or less will 
suffice. 

7. Yes ; follow the peas with Crimson clover. After 
plowing the peas or stubble down harrow the land, 
then sow 12 lbs. of the clover seed per acre and cover 
with a smoothing harrow or a bush harrow. 

8. We would give the clover 250 lbs. per acre of acid 
phosphate, sown broadcast, after the land was plowed 
aid before harrowing. — Ed 

Hogs Pasturing in Corn Field. 

Can you, or any subscriber, give experience with 
regard to tnrning hogs on corn, as described on page 
89 of Planter for February. I intend growing some 
acres of soja beans fo this purpose. Would half corn 
and half beans make a better pasture! I fancy hogs 
would eat corn first and likely waste considerable. 

Amherst Co., "Pa. Thomas Howell. 

We have had no personal experience in hogging 
down a crop of corn in the way suggested. Shall be 
glad to hear from those who have. We have a sub 
scriber who grows corn and Soy beans together, and 
turns his hogs into the field after the beans have pod 
ded and begin to ripen. Before doing so, he feeds the 
hogs Soy beans pulled from the field for a week or ten 
days. After they hav acquired a liking for them, he 
says they may be safely turned into the. field and will 
not trouble the corn until the beans are 4 eaten. Corn 
and beans grown together make an excellent hog pas 
ture. The two crops make a balanced ration. The 
one is rich in protein, the other in carbohydrates. — Ed 



Renewing Pasture. 

We have a blue grass meadow, which we have re 
cently obtained, and which has been pastnred exces 
sively. The blue grass is very thin over a good por 
tion of it, and weeds have sprung up ia such places. 
Would it be better to plow it and sow to cow peas, cut 
them for hay, then turn under the stubble, and seed 
with a mixture of grass seed suitable for a permanent 
pasture? If 80, what seeds had best be sown or would 
it be better to disk it out and sow to grass this spring? 

Loudoun Co.,Va. W. M. M. 

We would advise that the field be plowed up and 
deeply and thoroughly worked, and then be planted 
in cow peas. We would help these peas to make a 
heavy crop in order to smother all weeds by giving 
them 200 i. r 300 lbs. of acid phosphate per acre. We 
would cut the crop for hay and then plow down the 
stubble, say in September. Work the soil very fine, 
and fertilize with bone meal, potash and nitrogen and 
seed. In our article, "Work for the Month," in this 
and the last issue, will be found fall information as to 
the varieties of grass to sow. A meadow which has 
been run so long as this one, and which is badly in 
fested with weeds, can never be made a satisfactory 
sod except by starting completely afresh.— Ed. 



Stump Pullers— Sweet Potato Slips — Tomato Fer- 
tilizer, 

1. I see advertised in the Planter four different kinds 
of stump pullers. I would like to know if they do 
the work all right, and the one which is the best. I 
have about 15 acres to clear of pine, about 12 or 15 
inches across the stump. Would they be the right 
thing to use in clearing it? 

2. I would like to know if there is a machine to 
transplant sweet potato sprouts — run the row, distrib- 
ute the fertilizer, list the land and set the plant all at 
one time; if there is, where can it be bought and what 
is the price ? 

3. I would like to know how to mix the chemicals 
to make the proper fertilizer for tomatoes. I have 
not been growing tomatoes, and don't know what to 
use. 

Aeeomac Co.,Va. T.D.Martin. 

1. We have excellent testimonials as to the effec- 
tiveness of the different stump pullers advertised in 
our columns, and we know many who are using them. 
One man prefers one make, and another the others. 
Send for information to the advertisers. 

2. The McSherry Manufacturing Company, of Mid- 
dleton, Ohio, advertised a machine for this purpose 
in our columns last year and will do so, we believe, 
again this year, probably next month. 

3. The following ingredients will make a good to- 
mato fertilizer : 

200 lbs. nitrate of soda. 

700 lbs. cotton seed meal. 

840 lbs. acid phosphate (13 per cent.). 

260 lbs. muriate of potash. 



2000 lbs. 

Apply from 300 to 500 lbs. to the acre.— Ed. 



Peas for Hogs. 

Will j on kindly tell me what is the best pea to sow 
to raise peas to turn hogs on in the fall to fatten them? 
How many hogs could I run to the acre? Will it in- 
jare or improve a piece of land to put it in peas year 
after year, and eat them off with hogs? Would I raise 
a pretty fair crop of peas without fertilizer on clay 
land that will produce about two or three barrels of 
corn to the acre ? 

Albemarle Co., Va. J. L. Dkyden. 

Either Black Clay or Whippoorwill peas make the 
best hog pasture for your section. You would not 
find that the peas would continue to produce a good 
crop grown year after year unless helped every year 
with acid phosphate and potash. Peas get their ni- 
trogen from the atmosphere, but are large consumers 
of phosphoric acid and potash, which, if not present 
in available form in the land in abundance, must be 
supplied or the land will soon be impoverished. 

You will not be likely to make much of a crop of 
peas on such land as you describe without the appli- 
cation of 200 or 300 lbs. of acid phosphate.— Ed. 



1903. J 



THE SOUTHERN PJLAtTBR. 



167 



Cow- Peas and Corn as a Fodder Crop— Crimson 
Clover — Sulphur for Stock. 

Last June I sowed five acres of cow peas and com 
with drill for hay. When the fodder was ma 
tnred I cut the crop wii h a wheat harvester, making 
small, loose bundles. I shocked it in the same way as 
wheat, putting four to six bundles to the shock. It 
oured out nicely and was ready to put in bulk in time 
for seediDg the land to wheat. lb made an excellent 
balanced ration, and was easily and cheaply handled. 
The corn stalks did not attain sufficient size to make 
shredding necessary for feeding in the barn. 

Should any of your readers try this they might find 
it necessary in case of warm, wet weather during cur 
ing to cut the bands on the bundles to prevent mould 
ing inside. In this event I would suggest rebinding 
in larger bundles for convenience in handling. 1 
had no trouble about this 

1. So well pleased was I with the experiment that I 
shall increase my acteage next season if you will help 
me over an obstacle. The fodder on very fertile soil 
will grow too high to cut with harvester unless sown 
very thick, in which case it will crowd out the peas. 
Do you know of any plant of good feeding value that 
•will overcome this difficulty ? 

2. What do you know of the feeding value of Orim 
son clover hay 1 Is there any danger in feeding it to 
stock ? Will the crop produce second growth like 
red clover when first growth is cut ? 

3. Is there any danger in feeding flowers of sulphur 
to stoc* carrying their young? 

Culpeper Co.,Ya. A. G. Pare. 

1. Many of our subscribers use sorghum with the 
peas instead of corn, and find that it makes a finer 
and shorter stalk and nicer feed. Possibly one of the 
millets, either German or Cat Tail (Pencillaria) would 
make even still finer and shorter stalks, and they both 
make good feed, and would, we think, mature along 
with the peas. We would like a report on this if 
tried. 

2. Crimson clover makes excellent green feed cut 
when in bloom. It also makes a nice hay if cut when 
in bloom or just when coming into bloom. If not cut 
until the seed forms it is dangerous to feed to horses, 
as the hulls of the seed mat into balls in the stomach 
anb cause stoppage of the bowels. We have had balls 
as large as an orange taken from the bowels of horses 
which they killed. We have, however, never* heard 
of the hay injuring cattle in this way. It will not 
make a second growth. 

3. We have never heard of any injury from sul- 
phur. It should not be fed in cold weather when ani- 
mals are exposed to the weather, as its action is large 
ly on the skin and makes the animals sensitive to 
changes of temperature. — Ed. 



then which is best, Kaffir corn or sorghum, and the 
proper quantity of either to sow with tbe peas per 
acre in order that the growth of the corn or sorghum 
may not grow so high as to prevent their harvesting 
with binder, 6 

Yante Co., N. C. J. p. Taylob. 

In our October, 1902, issue we replied to a very 
similar enquiry to thts one supplementing what we 
said in our July issue on the same subject. We have 
many subscribers who have for years adopted the prac- 
tise of growing peas and corn and peas and sorghum 
or Kaffir corn together, and are well pleased with the 
results, especially when used for fi ling the silo. Per- 
sonally, we prefer to mix cow peas and sorghum, as 
making a better and richer feed than peas and corn, 
though probably the corn would make the heavier 
crop, and if intended to be made into ensilage would 
be quite a3 cleanly eaten up. Kaffir corn would do 
equally as well as sorghum or corn as a supporting 
crop for the peas, but does not make as rich feed. The 
ed vantage it possesses over sorghum and corn is that 
it withstands drouth better. Experiments made at 
the Delaware Station seemed to demonstrate that the 
mixing of the peas with corn did not result in increas- 
ing the yield so muoh, but that it resulted in making 
a better balanced ration for stock without materially 
increasing the cost, the only increase in cost being 
the cost of the pea seed, say 50 cents to $1 per acre. 
We refer the enquirer to our July and October, 1902 
issues for fuller information. — Ed. 



Cow-Peas and Corn. 

Can you, or any of your correspondents, give me 

any information as to the efficacy of Kaffir corn or 

sorghum in serving to hold up cow pea vines when 

mixed with the peas when sowing with drill? If so, 



State Grange— Marl— ilulching Potatoes. 

Let me express to you briefly my hearty apprecia- 
tion of the Southern Planter. It is exceedingly helpful 
to me. Also permit me to propound these queries : 

1. Is there a State Grange in Virginia ? 

2. How is marl best used, and for what crops ? 

3. Is it well ordinarily to mulch Irish potatoes, and 
if so, how would saw dust do for a mulchf I have 
near my place— within a mile— quantities of saw dust, 
which can be had for the hauling. 

.James City Co., Ya. Chas. H. Geosvenoe. 

1. There was a State Grange in Virginia, but we 
believe it is now moribund. We have heard nothing 
of it for several years. The Grange never made head- 
way in the South. 

2. Marl may be applied in heavy dressing to light 
or loam land with great advantage. The percentage 
of lime and phosphoric acid ;is, however, so low in 
comparison to the weight'of the whole that it will not 
pay to haul it far. 

3. The mulching of Irish potatoes is not usually of 
material advantage, as the vines themselves serve as 
a good mulch. Saw dost is of no value except as a 
means for lightening heavy land, and it is even for 
that purpose of doubtiul utility. — Ed. 



1C8 



IfcLJfi SOUTHERN FliANTMit. 



I March 



Renewing a Pasture— Preparing Land for Peas 

Kindly give me the following information : 

How can permanent pastures be renewed without 
plowing, etc.! What would be the result of running 
over a pasture, early in the sprlug, with a disc har 
row, sowing grass seed, and harrowing or rolling it 
in ! I have top dressed a pasture that needs renova 
tion with manure, but the grass has run oat, and I 
wish to know the most practical way of getting seeds 
into the ground without plowing the land. 

Can light land be successfully prepared for cowpeas 
by using a disc harrow instead of plowing? 

Fauquier Co., Va. H C. G. 

In this issue will be found a reply to a similar ques 
tion from a subscriber in Loudoun county, Va. Where 
a pasture or a meadow is only failing in places, it may 
often be successfully improved by harrowing in the 
spring and sowing grass seeds and top dressing with 
manure. But where the grass has run out and weeds 
have taken possession, nothing but plowing up and 
finely preparing and reseeding will secure a good 
result. 

Yes; we have known many good crops of peas made 
without plowing by the use of the disc— Ed. 



Diseased Hogs. 

Will you be kind enough to tell me through the 
Planter what is the matter with my hogs and give me 
a remedy. They will eat only enough to keep them 
alive, sometimes only a mouthful, and sometimes an 
ear of corn. They eat very heartily of dirt. I keep 
them in a close pen until they get restless, then turn 
them in a large lot without any change for the better. 
They have a cough. I have 20 head, and this is their 
condition. I feed on hard corn, soaked corn, ground 
peas and collards. 

Pamlico Co., N. C. E. A. Hough. 

Tour hogs are no doubt badly infested with worms. 
Stop off the corn feed, and let them fast a day, then give 
them some slop made of mill feed and bran half and 
half. In this give one tablespoonful of turpentine for 
each hog. After this, give in the next feed a half a 
pint of raw linseed oil for each hog. After this has 
purged them, then give mill feed, bran and corn meal 
in a slop. If they still do not appear to be improving, 
repeat the turpentine in a week or ten days. Give a 
handful of bone meal for each hog once a week. Feed 
all the green food possible, and let them have a range. 
—Ed. 



Crimson Clover — Rape. 

Will Crimson clover make a good hog pasture f 
AL-o, will rape make a good hog pasture for the sum- 
mer? Will rape do well on low land? 

Dinwiddie Co. , Va. Subscriber. 

Crimson clover will make a good pasture up to the 
end of May, when it begins to ripen and gets hard 
and dry. Rape makes a splendid hog pasture in the 
fall and in spring, but cannot stand the hot weather 
of summer. If sown now, it will make a pasture up 
to June, and should then be plowed up and sown with 
cow peas, or cow peas and sorghum, to make hay or 
pasture. Sow rape again in August or September for 
fall and winter grazing.. Cow peas or Soy beans make 
the best summer pasture for hogs. — Ed. 

Ginseng. 

Will you please tell me of the standing of the Com- 
mercial Ginseng Co., Crozet, Va.? How do you grow 
ginseng? R. H. Norris. 

Lancaster Co., Va. 

We believe the Commercial Ginseng Co. , Crozet, Va., 
to be perfectly reliable. We know nothing of ginseng 
growing except from what we have read about it. We 
are not at all favorably impressed with the crop. We 
doubt much whether it will be found generally a profit- 
able one. In any event, it takes five years to realize 
the profit, if there be one. The Pennsylvania Exper- 
iment Station has just issued a bulletin on the subject, 
giving results of experiments made there. Write Di- 
rector of Experiment Station, State College, Penn., 
for copy of this. — Ed. 



Plants Destroyed by Moles or nice. 

We have hundreds of yuccas in this place that are 
being destroyed by moles (?) or fi?ld mice (?) — eaten 
at the roots. With dogs and chickens around, I am 
unwilling to use poison. Can you suggest any remedy 
in your valuable paper? 

Charlottesville, Va. E. W. H. 

Traps might lessen the trouble, but poison would 
be much more effective. — Ed. 



Silo — Storing Cut Fodder. 

I wish to feed ensilage the coming winter. Can I 
make one silo do, or shall I have to have more than 
one? 

I wish the most convenient plan for storing cut fod 
der. Subscbiber. 

Louisa Co., Va. 

One silo will be all you will need for ten cows. Later 
in the year we shall write fully on the question, giving 
full information as to construction and capacity of silos. 
If you will refer to our issue for July, 1902, you will 
find an article on the subject which will probably give 
you all the information you need. 

Cut fodder should be stored in a bay of the barn or 
under a shed boarded up in front. — Ed. 



Kaffir Corn 

Will you please say what you think of Kaffir corn 
as a forage crop and for seed ? 

Dinwiddie Co.. Va. R. Dewsbury. 

We have frequently advised the growing of Kaffir 
corn in the South. Whilst not quite so good feed as 
sorghum, it will do better than either corn or sorghum 
in a drouth. — Ed. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



169 



Stump Killer— Disease in Hog— Breeds of Hogs. 

1. Please tell me some simple and cheap way to kill 
stumps that will not die, such as gum and poplar. 

2. I had a litter of pigs farrowed April 26th last 
year, and when they were about six weeks old one of 
them became affected very peculiarly. He could not 
walk or run in a straight line, but would go around 
in a circle, and had fiequent spells when it could not 
walk at all, especially when it became excited. It made 
a very peculiar loud and coarse noise in squealing or 
grunting, which it did almost continually. Its head 
was twisted a little to the right, and in running around 
a circle it would always go to the left. After about a 
month it began to get better and became very thrifty, 
but its head did not get straight, and it continued to 
make the same peculiar noise until I killed it a month 
ago. I thought it must have gotten a lick on its head 
which affected its brain, but when I killed it I exam 
ined it carefully and could find nothing wrong with 
the brain. 

Upon examination of the lungs I found the bron 
chial tubes full of little worms not larger than spool 
cotton and about an inch long. Will you or some 
of your readers tell me whether these worms caused 
the trouble, and if not, what did cause it, and give 
me a remedy. 

3. If it will not take too much of your space will 
you please give briefly the merits and demerits of 
Berkshire and Poland China and O. I. 0. hogs? 

Campbell Co., Va. L. C. A. 

1. This query seems on first reading it to be an ex- 
cellent example of an Irish bull, but we realize what 
our friend means. He has stumps which will persist 
in sending up sprouts. We know no means of killing 
thf se stumps except either pulling them out or blow- 
ing them to pieces with dynamite. There have been 
a number of methods recommended for killing such 
stumps, such as boring holes in them and filling with 
kerosene or saltpeter ar, d other things, but we have 
no faith in them. A friend of ours who has cleared a 
large piece of land of such stumps says dynamite is 
the best and cheapest thing to use. 

2. The worms, we believe, caused the trouble. You 
should give the hogs a dose of turpentine now and 
again to kill these parasites. 

3. All these breeds are good. One man has a fancy 
for one and another a fancy for the other. We think 
in a corn country like the West the Poland China is 
the hog to keep. He never tires of this diet, and con- 
sumes an enormous quantity. Where corn is cheap 
and far from market this is the animal wanted. The 
Berkshire is more a grazing hog and better adapted 
for the South, where corn is high in price and other 
feeds, like peas, are plentiful, or should be. The O. I. C. 
is a good hog, but of too large a type for Southern mar 
kets. Its color also (white) is against him for the 
South. A black hog is the best for a hot climate. 
White hogs must have plenty c f shade or the skin will 
burn and blister in the hot sun. — Ed. 



To bacco-0 rowing. 

I never see any method of plowing and preparing 
the land for tobacco in your columns to destroy the 
great "pest." we have— viz., the "cut" worm and 
" wire" worm. We so often fail in making a good 
crop on account of not gett ng a stand on stubble 
land. Some say plow early in the fall, re-plow in the 
winter, while others eay wait uniil just before plant- 
ing time, and plow while everything is green. I 
would ask for advice as to the best and cheapest 
way to raise the greatest number of pounds per acre, 
regardless of color. I grow 10 acres of tobacco, and 
the average weight is 6,000 to 7,500 lbs. I want 10,000 
on a ten acre lot. 

Pittsylvania Co.. Va. J. W. Giles. 

We usually give each yearr in the spring our 
views on the best way to make a tobacco crop, and we 
will do so in next month's issue. Winter plowing and 
replowing is of great service in getting rid of cut and 
wire worms, as it brings them to the surface, where the 
cold kills them and birds eat them. Where a piece 
of land is infested with these pests it should never be 
planted in a crop until an effort has been made to de- 
stroy them. The land should be plowed and harrowed 
and all green plants buried. Then buches of green 
clover or cabbage leaves dipped in a solution of Paris 
green should be dropped at short intervals over the 
field. The worms will come out and eat these and be 
poisoned ; or balls made up of bran and mill feed, 
mixed with Paris Green, should be dropped over the 
field. These will poison the worms, as they are fond 
of the feed. With persistence in this work, before 
planting the crop a stand can be secured. 

We will try to help you to make 10,000 pounds to 
the 10 acres, but cannot say that you can certainly do 
so. The first requisite is better preparation of the 
land before planting. Begin at once this work. See 
our last issue for remarks on preparation, and also 
this one. The next requisite is more abundant fer- 
tilization. In Pennsylvania and New England to- 
bacco growers often apply 1,000 pounds of high grade 
fertilizer to the acre — Ed. 



China Tree — Corn Breeding. 

Please tell me whether or not the "China tree" will 
last if used for fence posts. 

I have two varieties of twin corn — one very tall and 
large, the other very low and small ; and I wish to 
breed a corn that will twin and be of good size, and 
yet not so tall. Please state how it should be done. 

Mecklenburg Co., Va. C. L. Russell 

We do not know the "China tree" by that name, 
and therefore cannot advise you. Can you give us 
the botanical name ? If so, we can help you. 

If the two varieties of corn you have are planted 
near to each other they will cross polinate, and then 
by selection of seed from stalks of the type you want 
you may in a few years establish a corn meeting your 
requirements and of fixed type. — Ed. 



170 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[March 



Butter Will Not Come — Grass for Pasture — 
Sorghum. 

I have a cow from whose milk we have not been 
able to get any batter for some time. The milk seem* 
to be all right ; it soars all right, but as so >n as yon 
begin to churn it begins to foam ; the more you churn 
it the worse it gets. The application of warm or cold 
water has no effect whatever. Is it because of a cer 
tain stage of pregnancy of the cow ? Pleas* give the 
cause and a remedy. 

What is the best grass to sow for a permanent 
pasture, and what the best tin e to sow, and how to 
sow iof 

Do jou consider sorghum a printable crop for the 
average farmer to raise ? 

Scottsville, Va. S. E. Beale. 

Why butter cannot be got from the milk is not al 
ways easy to account for. Sometimes it arises from 
the temperature at which it is churned. It may be 
too hot or it may be too cold, but in your case this 
does not seem to be the cause, as you say neither 
warming nor cooling affects it. Sometimes it arises 
from the manner of feeding the cow, but more fre- 
quently It arises from a condition of health, brought 
about by pregnancy or from the cow having been 
very long calven. We would try varying the tern 
perature at which the milk is churned. If the cow is 
advanced in pregnancy let her go dry, and when she 
calves again her milk will probably be all right again. 
We know of no positive remedy for the trouble. 

See our last issue as to grasses for a permanent pas- 
ture. 

We think highly of sorghum as a forage crop, and 
every farmer should grow it. — Ed. 



Watermelons. 

I would like instructions as to the best mode of 
growing watermelons. The land I propose putting in 
melons was in peas last year, and the vines were left 
on the land. How should I proceed t The land lies 
gently to the south. 

Botetourt Co., Va. J. W. Smiley. 

We will give full instructions on this subject in a 
later issue. Meanwhile plow the pea- vines down and 
get the land into good condition for planting. — Ed. 



Wood Ashes for Irish Potatoes. 

In your next issue, will you tell how to use wood 
ashes on Irish potatoes. 
Alexandria Co., Va. C. R. Hoff. 

Either sow broadcast on the land if you have suffi- 
cient to cover the field, or, if in less quantity, sow in 
the rows and mix with the soil by running a cultiva 
tor through before planting the sets. They only pro- 
vide potash for the crop. Phosphoric acid and nitro- 
gen should be supplied also. See oar article on Work 
for the Month in Garden Department for a complete 
potato fertilizer. — Ed. 



Alfalfa. 

I have three acres of good red land on which I wish 
to sow alfalfa this spring. Please inform me what 
time to sow it; anddoesit suit this climate best to sow 
it in the spring or fall ? 

H. R. Mat. 

Sow the alfalfa in the fall — say August or Septem- 
ber. Spend this spring and summer in preparing the 
land for the crop. It requires the land to be deeply 
broken, finely cultivated and made rich. When the 
land is in fine condition — say in Jane — apply 300 or 
400 lbs of acid phosphate and 50 lbs. of muriate of 
potash to the acre. Then seed with cow peas a bushel 
or a bushel and a half to the acre. This should make 
a heavy crop and smother all weeds. Cut for hay in 
August, and then prepare the surface soil finely with 
a disc harrow, and work in 600 lbs. of bone meal to 
the acre. Sow 15 to 20 lbs. of alfalfa seed to the acre 
and cover with smoothing harrow, and roll. — Ed. 



Crimson Clover in Cow- Peas and Kaffir Corn. 

Will you be so kind as to tell me in the Planter how 
it would do to seed Crimson clover with cow peas and 
kaffir corn, as I expect to mow the peas 'or feed and 
not turn under? X. Y. Z. 

Lynchburg, Va. 

We have known Crimson clover to be successfully 
sown in cow-peas and corn. Much, depends, how- 
ever, on the thickness of the cow-pea crop. If very 
heavy, the Crimson clover is apt to be smothered out. 
Sow the clover about July or August. —Ed. 



Beans for Name. 

Enclosed find beans. Please give me name of them, 
and what they are good for. H. T. Nuckols. 

Buckingham Co.,Va. 

We cannot identify the beans. They look like a 
large variety of Pole or Lima beans, but may be the 
seed of some other legume, or possibly of some 
wild plant. If we had seen them in England, we 
should have said that they were White Broad beans, 
but this bean does not grow here. — Ed. 



Cow-Pea and Sorghum Ensilage. 

Will you kindly advise me in the next issue of your 
journal whether or not cow-peas and sorghum, grown 
together and put in silo together, will make an ensi- 
lage that will keep as well as corn ensilage ? 

Princess Anne Co., Va. Bujrte C. Hanies. 

Yes. —Ed. 



Lump Jaw. 

I have a nice Jersey heifer about three years old 
which has lump jaw. Will you please tell me what is 
the best treatment ? Subscriber. 

In this issue you will find a remedy for this disease 
advertised by a well-known reliable firm. The address 
of the maker is Fleming Bros., 22 Union Stock Yards, 
Chicago.— Ed. 



I*v3.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLAOTEB. 



171 



Trucking, Garden and Orchard. 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 

The month of February has been bo unfavorable for 
■work in the garden and truck field that little of the 
work suggested for that month can possibly have been 
done. This means that two months' work will have to 
be crowded into one, and the planting of many crops 
will have to be delayed. As soon a* the land is dry 
enough to haul on, get out manure and have it spread 
and plowed in and eet the harrow to work fitting the 
land for the crops. Both manure and commercial fer 
tilizer are better applied some time before the plant 
ing of the crops. They become better fitted to supply 
the needs of the crops, and by frequent working of 
the soil become better assimilated with it and their 
plant food more available. In supplying manure and 
fertilizers, do not economize on the quantity or qual 
ity. To succeed in growing fine vegetables, there 
must be a very abundant supply of available food, so 
as to force the growth. Unless vegetables are grown 
quickly they are not tender and succulent, and hence 
will not command the best price or be acceptable on 
the table. 



English peas do not require the soil to be overrich, 
or they will run too much to vine. A piece of land 
manured for potatoes last year makes an excellent 
place for peas. If the land is not rich enough, use 
acid phosphate at the rate of 300 lbs. and 50 lbs. of 
muriate of potash to the acre, and after the peas have 
commenced to grow freely, give a light top dressing of 
nitrate of soda, say 50 lbs. to the acre, when the plants 
are dry. Sow in broad rows three feet apart. 



Kale, spinach and salad crops, like lettuce and rad- 
ishes, may be sown in the latter part of the month. 



Irish potatoes and English peas should be planted 
as soon as the land can be got into good order. 

Irish potatoes require plenty of available plant 
food, and this is best supplied by commercial ferti 
lizers, as farm-yard manure is very apt to induce scab. 
In planting the crop, be careful not to plant on land 
where scabby potatoes were grown last year, as the 
spores of the disease will have infected the land and 
the crop will be sure to become infested with the dis 
ease. Also be carefnl to see that seed is free from 
scab, or the same trouble will arise. If there is any 
indication of scab on the sets, they should be soaked 
in corrosive sublimate solution (2 ounces of sublimate 
to 16 ounces of water) for an hour before being 
planted. A good fertilizer for Irish potatoes can be 
made up of 300 lbs. of nitrate of soda, 600 lbs. cotton 
seed meal or fish scrap, 800 lbs. of acid phosphate, 
and 300 lbs. of muriate of potash; or one of the special 
potato fertilizers put up by manufacturers can be used. 
Apply at the rate of 500 to 1,500 lbs. to the acre. If 
not more than 500 lbs. is used, this may be put in the 
row and be well mixed with the soil before planting 
the sets. If more than 500 lbs. is used, apply broad 
cast andjharrow in. Cat the sets so as to have two 
eyes at least on each piece, and plant as soon as cut. 
Plant 15 inches apart in the row and the rows two feet 
six inches apart. Cover with six inches of soil to be 
raked down to four inches before the plants come 
through. 



Pall planted cabbage should be encouraged to grow 
by cultivating the land as soon as dry enough, and 
after they have started a top dressing of nitrate of 
soda will greatly help them. A test of the use of 
nitrate of soda on cabbage made in North Carolina 
gave the following results: "When no nitrate of soda 
was used there was a yield of but 910 prime heads of 
cabbage per acre, showing that the ground itself was 
'poor.' When 300 lbs. of the nitrate was applied per 
acre on the same sort of land in two equal dressings, 
the number of prime heads obtained was 3,260. When 
the same amount was applied in three equal dressings, 
the yield of prime heads per acre was 5,390. On the 
plat which had received 400 lbs. of nitrate of soda per 
acre in two equal dressings, the yield was 4,160 prime 
heads per acre, and when the same amount was ap- 
plied in three equal dressings, 7,580 prime heads were 
obtained per acre." Harden off cabbage plants raised 
in frames during the winter and set out as soon as the 
weather is mild and the ground fit. 



In this issue will be found instructions for making 
a hot bed and raising plants therein. This should 
have attention at once. 



Strawberries should be cultivated as soon as the 
ground is dry enough to encourage growth, and if not 
looking vigorous and healthy in a week after cultiva- 
ting, give a top dressing made up of 100 lbs. of nitrate 
of soda, 50 lbs. of muriate of potash, and 250 lbs. of 
acid phosphate per acre, and work in with the culti- 
vator. Apply the dressing when the plants are dry. 



The pruning of all fruit trees and vines should be 
completed as soon as possible before the sap begins to 
be active. 



When corresponding with advertisers, kindly 
t ion the 8*&fn Planter. 



MB- 



172 



THE SOTJTHBEN PLANTEB. 



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THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



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174 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[March 



NOTES ON VARIETIES OF APPLES AT THE 
AGRICULTURAL EXPERIJ1ENT STATION, 
BLACKSBURO, VA. 

[Excerpt from Bulletin 130.] 
[Continued from February number, 1903.] 
Editor Southern Planter : 

Albemarle Pippin — While this name is not recog 
nized in the standard lists, as a variety, it seems to us 
quite clear that the type of tree, and in certain char- 
acteristics the fruit, have departed sufficiently from 
the old Newtown Pippin as grown in the North, to at 
least warrant position as a subvariety. The trees, cer 
tainly, show considerable differentiation, and there is 
some slight difference in regard to fruiting habit and 
in size and shape of the fruits, as grown upon the Ex 
periment Station grounds here. 

It is a vigorous grower, forming a strong, upright, 
moderately spreading head, thus far, making long 
wood growth, very much branched. Trunk 26 inches 
in circumference at base, and also averaging same at 
head. Thus far, this variety has not blighted here to 
notice, and maintains a very healthy appearance. 

The trees bloomed in 1895, six years after planting, 
and have set a few fruits annually, since 1895, buc 
there has not been enough at any time to mention as 
a crop. The general character of the fruit is so well 
known that it does not need particular description, 
but it is interesting to note that on this soil, which is 
distinctly not suited to Pippins, the variety becomes 
rather more elongate than ordinarily, and shows the 
ridges around the eye, characteristic of Oregon Pip 
pins, but the fruits are not so large. The fruit shows 
a strong tendency to scab, and is also attacked by 
bitter rot. In 1901, eight well grown trees yielded 
131 bushels of fruit, of which 6! bushels might have 
been reckoned as approaching near to first class fruit. 

Experiments are under way to determine whether 
we can make this variety yield good commercial fruit 
on heavy clay soil. In a previous Bulletin, No. 98, of 
the Station series, I have discussed the soils to which 
this variety is adapted. It is so well known that this 
tree is a shy bearer until it reaches a good age, that 
further notes in regard to it are hardly necessary. 

Lawver (Delaware Red Winter). — A fairly well 
known variety of Missouri origin. Tree only fairly 
vigorous, forms a round,' spreading top of good form. 
Trunk measures in circumference at base, 26 inches, 
and at head, 22 inches. The tree is fairly healthy 
and free from blight here ; but the fruit has been 
more or less subject to bitter rot at this place. 

The first bloom was noted in 1894, a few fruits were 
produced in 1895, and in 1897 the tree bore very well, 
furnishing fine specimens, free from disease; in 1899 
the trees bore a fair crop, and also in 1901. This 
variety cannot be cotnmended especially for its be 
havior here, but in soil adapted to Pippins and Wine 
saps, I have known it to do remarkably well, and it 
is worthy of trial in a small way in such situations. 

Wine8ap. —One of the very best known varieties of 
red apples grown in America ; of New Jersey origin, 
and generally disseminated over the Eastern United 
States. The tree, on proper soil, is a vigorous grower, 
but unless pruned carefully to a central stem, the 
head becomes very procumbent, giving it an ugly 



form. It is quite free from blight, and the foliage 
not particularly subject to fungous diseases. At this 
time the tree measures here, 25 inches in circumfer- 
ence at base and 23 at head. 

The first bloom was noted in 1893, and the first fruit- 
in 1895; in 18»7, a light crop was borne, and in 1899, 
a crop averaging three bushels per tree ; in 1901, the- 
crop averaged six bushels per tree; but on this soil the 
fruit is very small, poorly colored and badly attacked 
by the common apple scab; bitter rot has not been 
noted on the fruit, though it stands adjacent to Ben 
Davis, which is badly attacked. The character and 
quality of fruit are too well known to need descrip- 
tion. As a red apple of market grade, it has no 
superior on those soils which produce fine, clean fruit 
of good size. It, however, is illy adapted to the- 
heavy clay soils or moist situations 

Arkansas (Mammoth Black Twig). — This variety- 
has but recently become generally disseminated, and 
is not yet known as a commercial sort in the markets 
to any extent. It is said to have originated in Ar- 
kansas, and few apples have been more discussed re- 
cently than it. The tree is a strong, vigorous grower, 
entirely healthy, free from blight and fungous disease;, 
trunk measures 28 inches in circumference at base, 
25 at head. This tree is said to be a seedling of Wine- 
sap, and in some respects reminds one of the Winesap 
in appearance of wood, yet its growth habit is dis- 
tinctly different and better than the Winesap. 

This variety showed the first bloom in 1894, fiv» 
years after planting, and bore a few fruits in 1895, 
also in 1897, but showed up better in 1899; in 1901, it 
bore a very heavy crop, twelve bushels of very fair 
fruit being picked from one tree, of which 90 per cenk. 
graded first class. The size and color, however, were 
not up to the standard of this variety in better fruit 
soils than ours. The fruit is roundish, oblate, regu- 
lar, much larger than Winesap, and of a dull reddish 
color, nothing like so pretty as Winesap. The quality 
is also below Winesap, but distinctly better than York 
Imperial. It promises to be a good keeper in this 
latitude. The fruit has been thus far entirely frte 
from scab and biter rot, except on one occasion it 
showed some slight attack of the latter. This variety 
is mentioned as a promising cosmopolitan apple on all 
of our good fruit soils, and it will probably be far less- 
attacked by blight than York Imperial. 

Gano. — A supposed seedling of Ben Davis, dissem- 
inated from Tennessee, and by many thoaght to too 
closely resemble Ben Davis to warrant separate variety 
position. The true Gano is, however, distinct front 
Ben Davis in character of tree, and also to a less ex- 
tent in character of fruit, and has distinct claims as a 
variety. At this place it is a strong grower, forming 
an upright, slightly spreading head, with well devel- 
oped wood. Toe trunk is 31 iuches in circumference 
at base and 28 inches at head. 

This variety bloomed first in 1893, and produced a 
fair crop for the size of the trees in 1895 and a heavy 
crop in 1897; in 1899, the crop was injured by bitter 
rot, and only about three or four bushels picfced per 
tree ; in 1901, a crop of 8} bushels per tree was- 
picked, which was quite free from disease except 
slight attack of scab. The fruit is round, ovate, 
larger than Ben Davis, more distinctly washed with, 
red, and quite brighter in appearance. The quality- 
is almost or quite identical with Ben Davis ; some- 



1903 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTEB 



176 



times one thinks there is a slight difference in favor 
of Gano, bat it is very slight indeed. This variety as 
a filler for an early bearer is, in oar es imation, quite 
superior to Ben Davis, but it is quite true that in 
many cases Ben Davis is sold for Giuo, and the oppo 
site may also be trne. 

Via. — A little known variety of origin. 

Though it appears to be an old variety, it has gained 
very little notice, and is rarely fonnd in cultivation; 
here it has shown some remarkable qualities. The 
tree is a fairly good grower, not large, forming a well 
rounded spreading head. The trunk measures 23 
inches in circumference at base and 21 at head. It is 
quite free from blight and fungous diseases. 

First bloom wa* noted in 1893 and the trees bore 
heavily in 1895, six years after planting. Full crops 
were borne in 1897 and 1899, the latter jear three 
bushels per tree. In 1901, the trees bore six bushels 
each, which for their size is a very heavy crop 
About 90 per cent, of this crop was firsts. In the off 
years, there is ordinarily a light crop produced. The 
fruit is roundish, oblate, a dull red in color, of fine 
appearance. The quality is medium to good, and the 
season is early winter. This f i uit ought to cold store 
well, and thus become a very profitable sort because 
of its great productiveness. The size of the tree and 
its early bearing habit, renders it valuable as a filler; 
and this, coupled with its freedom from disease both 
in fruit and tree, leads us to commend it for this pur 
pose. In the warmer parts of Virginia, it will prove 
a fall apple, and prompt cold storage will be necessary 
to carry it into winter. 

Wm. B Alwood, 
Dec. 20, 1902. Horticulturist. 

[to be continued.] 



GARDEN AND ORCHARD NOTES. 

Editor Southern Planter : 

The farmer should have a hot bed to start early 
garden plants in. Commence making oiie now. Se 
lect a location with good drainage and sloping towards 
the south. If the location have sonde protection from 
the cold north winds, it is much more desirable. 

A bed nine feet long and six feet wide will usuall 
be ample for ordinary purposes. In such a bed 
enough tomato seed can be germinated for two a^res. 
Bat to carry this many plants through, a cold frame 
is also necessary, into which the young plants may be 
transplanted when aboat one and a half inches high. 

For the hot bed, excavate the ground to a depth of 
about three feet, and throw the dirt on the north side 
of the bed for protection against cold north winds. 
Plank up the 6ides of the bed and make the north side 
at least six inches higher than the south side, so that 
water will ran off the glass readily. 

Place cross pieces of 2 x 4 inch material at intervals 
of three feet to make the bed more substantial, and 
also for the sash to meet over. Good stobe of 2 x 4 
inch material should be driven into the ground even 
with the side walls of the bed, and to which the plank 



should be nailed. If all wooden parts are given a good 
coat of paint before they are put in place, they will 
last much longer. 

The bed is now ready for the heating material. This 
should be good, fresh stable manure. Fill the bed up 
to eighteen inches with it. Now, to st rt ferimnta 
tion evenly, tramp the material down and make it 
moist, but not too wet. Fork it over once or twice 
at intervals and retramp. 

When the temperature comes down to about 95 de- 
grees, fill in with six inches of very rich loam soil. 
Botted sods mixed with about one half good wood's 
earth make a good hot bed soil. The soil should be 
run through a coarse sieve before putting it in place. 
The sash should now be put on for several days to give 
the weed seed time to germinate, and also to keep out 
water from drenching rains. Hot bed sash can usually 
be purchased for about $2 50 apiece. The bed is now 
ready to sow. Take a stick as long as the width of 
the bed and press it into the soil, sow the seeds in the 
depression and cover them lightly. Sprinkle some 
fine sand over the rows to keep the soil from baking 
above the seeds. 

The surface of the soil should be kept moist, but 
not too wet. Take one part sulphur and ten parts 
slaked lime, mix well, then make the soil appear 
nearly white with it to prevent fungus diseases from in- 
juring the young plants. Give the bed good ventilation 
during fair weather. Ic is a good rule to give enough 
ventilation during the day to keep moisture from set- 
tin g on the under side of the glass. However, if the 
weather is very cold, great care must be exercised in 
ventilating. The most critical time is when the young 
tender plants are coming through. How to manage a 
hot bed correctly must be learned from experience. 

The young plants must be Vept thinned out and 
given one or more transplan tings to keep them from 
spindling up too much. This sentence does not ap- 
ply to sweet potato beds, since we want such plants to 
be about six inches high. 

The tubers for sweet potato plants should be selected 
with the greatest care. No disease of any kind should 
appear on them, since disease producing spores will 
get onto the plants and may seriously affect the crop. 
I have frequently been successful in preventing all 
diseases, except soft rot, from injuring my sweet po- 
tato crops by selecting clean tubers for the hot bed. 
Spores of soft rot fungus appear in the atmosphere, 
and frequently do sei ious damage to the crop when 
carelessly harvested. 

I may treat this subject more exhaustively at the 
time of harvest. Plant a good crop of this most ex 
cellent vegetable. Those who may desire an ex- 
haustive treatise upon nearly all phases of eweet po- 
tato growing and storing, are referred to my book 
upon the subject, as space will not permit a full dis- 
cussion here. B H. Price. 
Montgomery Co. Va. 



176 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[March 



WORK IN THE STRAWBERRY PATCH. 

Editor Southern Planter : 

The great planting season is now at hand at the 
South, trending northward as the ground thaws. For 
fully three fourths of the planting of berry plants in 
this country is done in late winter and early spring. 
For many reasons it should be disposed of as early as 
practicable. Done now it competes little with the 
pressing work to come later. It can be done better 
while there is no rush, then in a climate that admits of 
it the winter is the safest season to transplant all fruit 
trees and berry plants. They are then in a dormant 
state and it is as hard not to get a stand as to get one 
later on when the sun gets hot and parches the 
ground hard. 

For field culture of strawberries set plants in rows 
three feet apart. The distance apart in the row de 
pends on whether the stool system or the matted row 
system is to be followed. For nearly all varieties the 
stool or hill system is the simplest, most profitable and 
in the long run (he cheapest. For hills we set 
plants fifteen to eighteen inches apart in the row, 
according as the variety is a rank grower or not. For 
thin matted rows, the only matted row at all advisa 
ble, plant two feet apart. 

The quantity of manure allowable will also depend 
entirely on how it is applied. If broadcasted and thor- 
oughly mingled with the soil an almost unlimited 
quantity can be used. If to be applied in the drill, 
judgment must be used not to overdo the thing and 
bring too much manure in immediate contact with 
the plant roots. 

We have often broadcasted one hundred loads of 
stable manure an acre, or in lieu of this applied in the 
same way two tons of cotton-seed meal. Both of these 
manures being highly nitrogenous and tending to 
greatly stimulate plant growth at the expense of fruit, 
it is always best to apply the following fall as a top 
dressing a liberal quantity of potash and phosphoric 
acid ; the first in the form of sulphate of potash and 
the latter in the form of acid phosphate or dissolved 
bone. 

Where manuring is to be confined to the drill, 500 to 
700 pounds cotton- seed meal to the acre, evenly sown 
and mix»»d with the soil by running a cultivator, har 
row or plow lightly down the furrow is beat. Lacking 
the cotton-seed meal, any fertilizer rich in ammonia 
will answer. What is desired is to promote a steady, 
vigorous plant growth. The fruit producing proper- 
ties of manure, potash and phosphoric acid, should be 
applied the following fall, winter or early spring, as a 
top-dressing. 

More depends on the proper setting of a strawberry 
plant, or any kind of plant or tree than most people 



can be led to believe. If the roots of the strawberry 
plant are very long, it is best, though not essential, to 
trim them back to about four inches. Tho holes should 
be opened broad and deep enough to admit of the 
roots being spread fan- shaped, and the earth should 
be pressed firmly around them. The proper depth to 
set a plant or tree of any kind is the depth that na- 
ture set them. Observe and discover this when you 
dig them up. 

In a garden bed strawberry plants can be set in 
rows fifteen inches apart with the plants fifteen inches 
apart in the row. Bat between each series of three 
rows there must be left an alley or walk two feet 
wide. All runners must, of course, be kept closely 
clipped from plants set this way, and, indeed, from 
all plants grown in the stool or hill system. 

Dewberry plants should be set six feet apart. A 
good plan is to run the rows six feet apart and then 
cross them at right angles with lows the same dis- 
tance apart. Right in the check, where the cross 
comes, the plant can be set, spreading out the roots 
well. Raspberries, blackberries, and grape-vines can 
all be set this way. Plants or vines set this way can 
be plowed both ways, and hoe work almost entirely 
dispensed with in cultivating the crop. 

A good way to apply manure or fertilizer to plants 
set this way is to drill it in the open furrow on the 
four sides of the plant and cover with earth. About 
the same manure can be used on the dewberries, black- 
berries and grapes as on the strawberries. 

Kittrell, N. 0. O. W. Blackball. 



SPRAYINO FRUIT TREES AND VEGETABLE 
CROPS. 

In this issue will be found a Spray Calendar giving 
instructions for the treatment of trees and vegetables 
infested with disease or insect pests, and also for the 
preparation of the fungicides and insecticides re- 
quired. In our advertising columns will be found the 
advertisements of numerous makers of spray pumps. 



SAN JOSE SCALE. 

The Virginia Experiment Station (Blacksburg, Va.) 
has prepared and is now issuing a bulletin on the best 
treatment for destroying this pernicious and deadly 
enemy of apple, pear, plum and peach trees. If you 
have not received a copy, write for one at once, as in- 
fested trees should receive the first treatment before 
the buds begin to push. 



PECAN NUTS. 

Mr. Pendleton, who wrote on this subject in our 
January issue, asks us to say that he has neither trees 
nor nuts for sale. He has received many enquiries 
for same. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



177 



Live Stock and Dairy. 



HEREFOEDS AT ANNEFIELD, CLARKE CO., VA. 




Prince Rupert. 

Prince Rupert, No. 79539, sire Beau Donald, 
58996, by Beau Brummel, 51817, out of Donna, 
33735, dam Sallie Morton, No. 44785, sire Roscoe, 
16509, dam Loyala 3d, 17683, first attracted attention 
when a yearling by winning first premiums over all 
beef breeds at several Missouri fairs. In 1901 as an 
aged bull, he wod first premium at the big LexiDgton 
(Ky.) Fair, and the same year won sweepstakes over 
all aged bulls at the Royal Show of America at Kan 
sas City. In 1902. he start d agaia at Lexingt <u, win 
ning second in his class and first at the head of his 
herd, at L »wrenceburg, Ky. He won over all beef 
breeds first in class and first at the head of his herd 
At the Ohio State Fair, he won first in class first at 
head of herd, also at the head of his herd he won 
sweepstakes over all beef breeds. At the West Vir 
ginia State Fair he won first in class and first at the 
head of his herd, and at the* same place, with the as 
sistance of his family, the Beau and Belle Donalds, 
won the get of a sire which was the largest cash Here 
ford premium paid in America in 1902. We congrat 
ulate Mr. E. G. Butler on having secured so fine a 
specimen of the Hereford breed to head his herd. 



Wood Ashes for Grass Land. 

Will you tell me in your next issue the best way to 
apply ashes to grass as a t op dressing f 

Alexandria Co , Va. C. R. Hooff. 

Sow broadcast by hand. — Ed. 



HEREFORDS AT CASTALIA, ALBEMARLE 
COUNTY, VA. 

Editor Southern Planter : 

I am glad to say that my present lot of calves and 
yearliDgs are the best I ever had, and in the best con- 
dition. It is worth a visit to Castalia to see them, and 
no buj er can afford to overlook this opportunity to 
buy cattle at home which are as good as can be found 
anywhere at a distance, and at prices which are ex- 
tremely low for value received. 

I have shipped Hereford bulls from the Castalia 
herd to over a dozen States, but Virginia leads them 
all in the number purchased; and I look for a still 
better demand here, as farmers begin to realize the 
real value of good cattle to make the farm pay, and 
especially Hereford cattle, which are the best adapted 
of all breeds for the South. 

My recent visit to Herefordshire, England, con- 
firmed the opinion formed before I decided on Here- 
fords, that the climate and soil conditions of Hereford- 
shire are more like those of Virginia than any other 
part of England; and thus it is only natural that the 
Hereford should thrive well on Virginia pastures when 
transferred from his native heath. 

So it is that Imported Salisbury 76059 (19083), the 
chief stock sire at Castalia, found in the salubrious 
climate of Albemarle a home so much like that of hia 
birthplace, that he had a rare opportunity to thrive 
steadily, and his calves all show remarkable develop- 
ment and hardy, thrifty condition. 

My visit to Mr. John Price, of Court House, Pem- 
bridge, Herefordshire, was worth the journey across 
the sea. Mr. Price will be remembered as the breeder 
of Salisbury, and a more genial, hospitable and culti- 
vated host it would be difficult to find. Mr. Price is 
one of the few great breeders of to day, and the cattle 
from his herd of the choicest "White Faces" have 
been sought after by the best breeders of America. 
To give a history of Mr. Price's fifty years' experience 
in breeding Herefords, would be to largely give the 
history of Hereford cattle in England for that period. 

Words are inadequate to picture the beauty of 
Herefordshire with its park like faims, its winding 
and picturesque River Wye, its rich pastures and roll- 
ing meadow lands, and, above all, the herds of fin 
Hereford cattle grazing in nearly every field. 

We have much to learn from the Old Country — 
much of intensive and less of extensive farming. The 
fields there aie so clean that one can ride for days 
without seeing "a stick or a stone;" and the neatness 
of the hedges and fence rows and barn yards, and the 
smooth stone roads in every direction, show a high 



178 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



fMarch 



state of cultivation and activity which makes Vir 
ginia — and, indeed, all of this New World — seem new 
in fact; but give us time. Qive us the same time that 
it has taken to produce that state of systematic devel 
opment and culture, and this fair Virginia will bios 
som like a garden, and surely we shall not be far be 
hind. In fact, Mr. Price said that we have as good 
cattle in the United States as they have in England. 
"We ought to have. Have we not been buying the 
best Herefords in England for the past half century! 
Salisbury is one of them; "and there are others." 

There is another point I wish to impress, and that is 
the regard for trees manifested in England. Nearly 
every field has a dozen fine old trees dotted around in 
such a manner as to afford good shade for the cattle at 
all times of day, and also to form an artistic landscape 
feature. The trees are not allowed to grow along the 
fences, which are always clean — the grass growing to 
the very edge of the hedges or continuing under the 
fences. The effect of such care over a large aiea of 
country is very beautiful, and an example which we 
may well profit by. 

The new barn at Castalia is almost completed, and 
will be a great improvement in the facility of feeding 
and handling the cattle. It is 58 by 110 feet and 43 
feet to the ridge, well lighted, and built in the modern 
style of two inch plank frame — not a heavy piece of 
timber being in the barn. The passages behind the 
cattle are 10 feet wide for a manure spreader to go 
through every morning, thus keeping the barn clean 
and putting the manure where it will do the most 
good with the least waste; also forming a wide lane 
for the calves to exercise in in stormy weather. There 
are many other features in this barn which are worth 
studying, and visitors will find a good opportunity to 
see the cattle comfortable in all kinds of weather. 

I am glad to see more and more advertisements of 
Hereford cattle in the columns of the Planter. Keep 
up the good work. The West, always eager to take 
hold of a good thing, was not slow to recognize the 
merits of the Hereford for feeding purposes, and 
"the peerless grazing breed" have found their way 
Into every section where good cattle are raised. The 
field of opportunity in Virginia, where pure bred 
bulls of the right type and breeding are so much 
needed, is very great, and with such bulls already 
here, there is no excuse for cattlemen to breed or feed 
"scrubs." There is always a demand for good beef. 

Albemarle Co.,Va. Murbat Boooock. 



Heart is a hope place, and home is a heart place, 
and she sadly mistaketh who wonld exchange the 
happiness of home for anything less than Heaven. 



CONFINING COWS CONTINUOUSLY DURINO 
WINTER. 

Editor Southern Planter : 

I am well aware that some exceedingly able, well- 
educated dairymen have for several years practiced 
keeping their cows closely and continuously confined 
in their stables four or five months during the winter 
season. They assert that the animals have done well;, 
that no injurious consequences have been observable, 
and recommend the practice to others. They claim 
that it is much less trouble, and that tbe cows give 
more milk under this arrangement. 

This would seem to settle the matter and leave no 
ground for argument, but nature's laws ca mot be in- 
fringed without sooner or later incurring the penalty. 
Some diseases are very insidious in their approach — 
stealthily, silently and secretly creeping upon the an- 
imal's system, making no sign until their deadly fangs 
are fastened firmly upon the victim's vitals. When 
tuberculosis or consumption shows itself, it is gener- 
ally too firmly seated to be removed by medical skill, 
and the only cure is slaughter and the fertilizer man- 
ufactory. 

Tuberculosis and pleuro pneumonia are contagious 
diseases, but there can be no doubt whatever that they 
break out spontaneously, without previous contact 
with infected animals, under conditions favorable for 
their germination. If this were not so, where did the 
first case come from! Did the Lord create one in- 
fected animal to inoculate others and keep the scourge 
in the world! Pleuropneumonia broke out in the 
herd of N. C. Elsbree, of Bradford county, Pa , and 
the cattle had not been in contact with any other cat- 
tle for years. 

Animals which were created for an active life, as 
well as human beings, must have regular exercise, or 
their health will fail, if not break down altogether. 
This fact in regard to the human family is established 
beyond all controversy. Nobody, that I am aware of, 
ever disputed it. A.11 the doctors, from the earliest 
ages down to the' present time, have agreed that regu 
lar exercise of the body was necessary to the preserva- 
tion of good health. Prof. F. D. Chaumont says : "A 
man of sedentary occupation ought to take exercise 
of a physical kind, varied from 50 to 100 foot tons per 
diem." Pr;of. Charles S. Royse says: "We may give 
the digestive apparatus the best material for the for- 
mation of blood ; we may furnish the lungs with the 
purest air for vitalizing the blood ; we may secure the 
proper amount of sleep under the most favorable cir- 
cumstances ; we may so clothe the body as to afford it 
the best possible protection ; but if we fail to take the 
proper amount of exercise, there cannot be a harmo 
nious development of the physical man." 



1903] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



179 



The Library of Universal Knowledge says: "Exercise 
i9 an important element of hygiene. To preserve all 
the fanctions of the body in healthy action, it is neces 
sary to secure their due and regular action or exer- 
cise." Dr. Dunn says: "Everything that tends to 
lower the health and vigor of the system, increases 
the susceptibility to disease." Inaction will certainly 
lower the health and vigor of the system. There can 
be no question that human beings must take regular 
exercise to preserve good health; and reasoning from 
analogy, cows must also. The analogy is perfect so 
far as regards the means of locomotion. Cows have 
good lege, and can run as fast and travel as far in a 
day as the average man. In their wild state they take 
a great deal of exercise, and are travelling half the 
time. No valid reason can be given why cows should 
not have exercise as well as mankind. Even clams 



ional halls, parliament houses, churches and theatres 
can be kept as pure and wholesome as that on the out- 
side. To talk about stables being perfectly ventilated 
with the dung and the urine, the breath of numer- 
ous animals, and the effluvium of their bodies present, 
is perfectly preposterous. 

Fifty years ago, when farmer's cows were wintered 
in the barn yard, we heard nothing about tuberculosis 
and pleuro pneumonia, and even now it is mostly 
found in rich men's stables, where they keep their 
high priced cows, and have stopped every crack and 
crevice where fresh air could enter, except the tubes 
they call ventilators. 

Sunlight, for the promotion of full health, is almost 
as necessary as pure air. In many hospitals, rooms 
are provided where patients can take a sun bath. 
That is the best that can be done until the patient is 



and oysters, not provided with legs, manage to crawl | able to walk out of doors. It is not the sunshine that 



about and exercise their bodies in the mud. They tell 
us that cows get exercise enough in lying down and 
getting up, and stepping back and forth in their stalls. 
They might, with equal propriety, say that a man 
could get sufficient exercise in turning over in bed. 

The convicts in the Eastern penitentiary of Penn- 
sylvania are taken out into the yard every day (about 
twenty at a time), and made to run around in a circle 
like circus horses. The convicts love it as well as 
children love to play, and they know the exercise is 
for the benefit of their health. 

To retain our present strength and increase it, we 
must regularly use what we have. Man, horse or ox 
will lose much strength if they do not work or take 
exercise for four or five months. Oarsmen and pugi 
lists go into training for weeks before their contests 
come off in order to develop the strength of their 
bodies and the staying power of their lurgs. Of equal 
importance to exercise for the preservation of health, 
Is pure fresh air. Dr. Gunn says : "Pure air may be 
considered the prime necessity of life." la New Eng 
land, statistics show that agriculturists who pass most 
of their days out of doors, live to an average of sixty 
four j ears, while the average attained by persons who 
have indoor employment does not exceed forty one. 
Pure air is perhaps of equal importance to wholesome 
food. Does it appear reasonable that the air in a 
stable where from ten to forty cows are confined con- 
stantly day and night, can possibly be kept as pure as 
the air of out of doors? No building on earth can be 
ventilated so well as the free winds of heaven venti- 
late the barn yard and the fields. Every person 
knows that on entering the stable in the morning, 
after the wind has changed to the south and it is rain 
ing, that he encounters a vitiated atmosphere. 

Human ingenuity has never yet been able to devise 
a means of ventilation whereby the air in congress 



is reflected, refracted and intercepted by a few win 
dows in the stable that invigorates the cows, but the 
bright, piercing rays that dart down unobstructed 
from the luminous surface of the King of Day, full of 
healthful magnetism. J. W. Ingham. 

Bradford Co., Pa. 



BACON, AND A "BACON BREED " 

Bditor Southern Planter : 

A gentleman who is a recognized national authori- 
ty, in a published statistical estimate of the meat sup 
ply of the world, has the following among his conclu- 
sions : 

"The world's population is getting far and away 
ahead of the available meat supply. The human race 
has eaten the live stock of the world to a standstill. 
In the progress of man and of animal life, the multi- 
plication of the former has so outstripped the latter 
that the decennial ratio of ihe two has increased to 
an alarming extent in the last fifty years. We have 
enteied upon a period of permanently high meat prices 
in this country." 

This condition of affairs should put our Southern 
farmers to thinking. There is opportunity presented 
here that, if improved, will bring many thoueands of 
dollars into the pockets of our people. It is true that 
in many sections of the South our farmers cannot com 
pete with the natural grass producing regions in the 
production of beef. But there is no section of the 
world that is better aiapted to the production of the 
highest class of pork or the finest quality of bacon. 
This is prov* n by the fact that Virginia hams have, 
for a hundred years, commanded the highest market 
prices. 

To produce the highest quality of meat, the hog 
needs a variety of food. An exclusive corn diet tends 
to produce lardy meat, which cannot be converted 



180 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[Maich 



into that quality of bacon that is demanded by the 
•class of consumers who are willing to pay the highest 
prices. An exclusive corn diet also tends to sterility, 
and this has done much to destroy the vitality and 
breeding qualities of the best known breeds of this 
country. 

There is no country on earth where such a variety 
of the best hog feed can be grown ae right here in Vir 
ginia, and in our Southern States. Field peas, Soja 
beans, oats, corn, rape, sorghum, Kaffir corn and pea 
nuts, all grow to perfection here, and afford a bill of 
fare that is unsurpassed for the production of the 
highest type of the bacon hog. Besides the best fa- 
cilities for growing the greatest variety of forage and 
feeds, we have a very decided advantage over the 
North and West in our milder climate, which is an- 
other important factor in the economical production 
of pork, as no domestic animal saffers more from cold 
than the hog. 

There is also as much in the breed as in the feed. 
A baeon hog mu3t possess the characteristic, or qual 
ity, of pioducing bacon, instead of lard, as much so 
as the dairy cow mast have the tendency to produce 
milk or butter fat, instead of beef, or vice versa. If 
we wish to produce the highest quality of family ba 
con, that will command the highest market prices, 
we must grow a type of hog that will produce it. 

In our travels, in recent years, through portions of 
the Dominion of Canada, in search of St. Lambert 
Jerseys, our attention has been called i o the improved 
large Yorkshires, as possessing more of the qualities 
of the ideal " bacon breed " than any other with which 
we are acquainted, and, though we have been great 
admirers of the Poland China and Berkshires for a 
quarter of a century, we have abandoned them in fa 
vor of the large Yorkshiies. 

This breed is not so well known in the South as 
other breeds, and, for the benefit of your readers, we 
append a few extracts, giving the opinion of well 
known authorities on their merits as a profitable bacon 
breed. 

Prof. John A. Craig, Professor of Animal Husban- 
dry at the Iowa Experiment Station, made a test of 
various breeds lately. Writing in reference to this, 
he remarks : 

"We took all of our experiment hogs into Chicago, 
and I followed them right through the slaughter tests 
there. In our results, I find that the Yorkshire has 
given the greatest gains on the leiist feed." 

Hon. Richard Gibson, an influential breeder of Can- 
ada, in the Breeder? Gazette, writing about "The Im 
proved Yorkshires," says : 

"To them we Canadians owe our present standing 
in the Eaglish markets, where we have ousted the 
Danish and Irish bacon from the second place, and 
sent them down to third and fourth rank. Some peo 



pie will tell you, ' Oh, it is Canada peas ;' others say, 
'Oh, it is dairy slop.' " Agairj it is claimed, "They 
feed no corn in Canada," but none are right. We feed 
corn in Canada, and lots of it. I have the reputation 
of sending the best hogs to our buyer. He never asks 
to see them, because he knows exactly what he will 
get, but, nevertheless, I feed lots of corn, because I 
can grow it. Here is the rub. One may shove all the 
peas he chooses into a Poland China or Cheshire, and 
he will have fat meat. Jast the same, I can feed corn 
to Yorkshires and get lots of lean. It is all in the 
breed. Can one by feeding a Holstein increase butter 
fat up to that yielded by a Jeisej! It is the breed. 
Neither by high feeding can a Jersey be made to pro- 
duce the yield of milk of the Holstein, or put on fltsh 
like a Shorthorn, but she can make richer butter than 
either. Again, it is the breed. It is the same with 
swine. When you want good bacon, you must get a 
bacon breed. Your folks want bacon now, and as the 
trade develops all intelligent farmers will want bacon 
breeds and the Improved Yorkshire, which has done 
so much for us, will be popular with you." 

Boanoke Co., Va. A. M. Bowman. 



BILTriORE BERKSHIRE SALE. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I enclose with this priced catalogue of our Third 
Annual Brood Sow Sale of Berkshires jast he'd which 
I feel will be to your interest to devote a little more 
than the usual space to on account of the unparalled 
average secured ($221 90) at the sale on account of the 
high quality of the offering and the large number of 
prominent breeders attending, as you will see, from 
nearly every State. 

Although the Farms held mail bide, probably ave - 
aging nearly $100.00, only five of these secured ani- 
mals, and of these three were unlimited. The other 
56 head were sold to breeders right in the ring, and 
who made these bids as the result of the quality of the 
animals before their eyes. 

Col. Bailey, the auctioneer, knocked down the whole 
61 head at an average of 2i minutes to the animal. 

Probably the sensation of the sale was the boar, 
Manor Faithful, who, notwithstanding the fact that ho 
was sold first of all at a time when the bidding sel- 
dom commences at an auction, went for $615 to th» 
Filston Farms, the contending bidder being Mr. J. M. 
Overton, of Nashville, Tenn. There was not another 
boar found in England combining so much quality and 
size without any serious delect, with probably one ex- 
ception, and he could not be guaranteed a breeder. 
The sow, Manor Corydon Duchess, was most unfortu- 
nately lame, owing to a felon, but in spite of this she 
sold for $505, Filston Farms again being the fortunate 
buyer, and many present thought she would have 
reached $1,000 had it not been for this temporary lame- 
ness. 
One of the most gratifying features of this sale was 



190S.J 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



181 



that these high prices were made by contending breed 
ers of such high reputation and so widely scattered 
that it is impossible to impute any intention of forcing 
prices np so as to boom the breed. They simply rep- 
resent the demand now before the breeders for an extra 
good individual that will, in addition, form a desirable 
outcross for the home bred animals 

There were over 65 buyers present, but of this num 
ber only 19 secured animals. 

The gavel with which Col. Bailey knocked down the 
sale was presented to him by the Fanns, and he has 
promised to use it until this record is broken, which 
the Farms think will be a long time ahead. 

Very low special rates were secured at the Kenil 
worth Inn, probably one of the most sumptuous win 
ter resort hotels in the South, and where transactions 
between the breeders were very active after dinner 
during the days preceding and after the sale. The 
whole herd of Berkshires was inspected with much 
interest both before and after the sale, and some of 
the offers were so tempting that several sales were 
made at what would have been considered a long price 
a few months ago. 

The sow, Her Majesty, did not bring what was ex 
pected by the Management, especially considering the 
very fine litter that she has raised since her importa- 
tion. 

At the completion of the sale a sealed e velope con- 
taining an offer of the Biltmore Farms of six animals 
of $50 each in cash, if the buyer would leave them 
and call their bid off, was opened by the auctioneer, 
but in each instance was promptly refused. Three of 
these animals, one of which Manor Faithful, went to 
Filston Farms and the other three were purchased 
by Mr. Guy C. Barton, of Nebraska, whose representa 
tive also refused the offer. 

Such prominent breeders were present, as Mr. N. H. 
Gentry, Sedalia, Mo.; F. E. McEldowney, Portland, 
Ore., and H. C. Taylor, Orfordville, Wis., repesent 
ing the Ladd Estate ; J. E. Dodge, from Hood Farm, 
Lowell, Mass.; W. J. Lovejoy, Boscoe, 111.; W. B. 
Harvey, Sibley, 111.; J. G. Yeager, Shelby ville, Ky.; 
W. F. Lillard, Lawrenceburg, Ky.; J. M. Overton, 
Nashville, Tenn.; G. A. Swartwout, FJston Farms, 
Glencoe, Md. ; J. K. Honeywell, Lincoln, Neb. ; Lor 
ing Brown, of Belmont Farms, Smyrna, Ga.; James 
Gibson, Jr., New York City ; W. H. Carpenter, New 
Middleton, Tenn. ; J. W. Akin, Cartersville, Ga ; W. 
B. Griffin, Paris, K. ; W. J. Milner, Cartersville, Ga. ; 
William Edwards, Jr., Plymouth, Fla.; T. H. Bait 
zell, of Indiana ; H. W. Fugate, of Fugate's Hill, Va.; 
M. K. Munson, of Ridge Farm, Vinemont, Ala. ; Brent 
Van Swearingen, Simeon, Va. ; J. L. Ellis, Baldock, S. 
C; M. O. Dowd, Lowell, N. C; W. B. Beaty and 
brother, Mt. Holly, N. C. ; A. P. Walker, Rushville, 



Ind. ; Jas. T. Anderson, Marietta, Ga ; Geo. T. Mont- 
gomery, Marietta, Ga.; H. Boquemore, Mansfield, Ga.; 
G. M. Middleton, Shelbyville, Ky.; L. Letterle, Har 
rod's Creek, Ky.; T. B. Carney, Murfreesboro, Tenn.; 
A. H. Tipton, Greenville, Tenn. ; Dorr Clark, Freder- 
icksburg, Va.; W. I. Johns, Baldock, S. C; H. T Pan- 
coast, of the Forest Home Farm, Purcellville, Va. ; W. 
H. Hicklin, Greenville, 8. C; T. J. White, of South 
Carolina ; B. Harris, Pendleton, S. C. ; F. T. Meacham, 
Morganton, N. C; 8. L. Trogdon, Greensboro, N. G. f 
and others. 
Biltmore, N. C. Geo. F. Weston. 

It is very gratifying to us to see that at last South- 
ern hog breeders are realizing the truth of what we 
have been so long telling them, that the secret of suc- 
cess in hog breeding, as in all live stock breeding, is 
good foundation stock, and that it will always pay to 
buy the best, even though the price be a long one. 
We congratulate Biltmore Farms on the record made 
—Ed. 

THE BROOD SOW. 

Editor Southern Planter : 

As my article on the hog in the November Planter 
is causing a little comment, I will explain my plan of 
handling the sow and litter. 

I will say, in the first place, I have no special breed, 
but a good cross of Berkshire and Poland China. 

I raise three litters one year and two the next from 
my sows. I arrange the pen so that the little pigs can 
creep through the fence, and I teach them to eat while 
on the mother. I begin taking them off two and three 
per week until I have all off by the time they are four 
weeks old, taking off the largest first. 

I withhold all slop food a day or two before I begin 
taking off the last pigs, so that when all are off the 
sow's milk will have ceased, and she will always come 
in use within a week if in good condition, but never 
have her fat. If fat, stop all milk foods a week be- 
fore weaning, feeding the pigs plentifully away from 
the sow. This method gives the pigs a good start, 
without check, when separated from the mother. 

With good feed, I sell them from five to seven months 
old with big interest on my money invested. 

Goochland Co.,Va. N. S. Watmcs. 



Hog Pasture, 

I want to go into the hog raising business. Will al- 
falfa, German clover or sapling clover make a good 
hog pasture? 
Dinwiddie Co.,Va. Subbcbibeb, 

Either German (Crimson) clover or sapling clover 
will make a good hog pasture. Alfalfa ought not to 
be pastured. It will not stand grazing. Cow peas or 
cow peas and sorghum or Soy beans will make you the 
best hog pasture for summer. Rape for the fall, arti- 
chokes for winter, and clover for the spring.— Ed. 



182 



THE SOUTHEBN PLANTER 



[March 



The Poultry Yard. 



EQQ-LAYINO COflPETITlON OF BREEDS. 

These competitions are very popular in England, 
but have been little followed in this country. The 
Inst winter one was conducted in New South Wales, 
and the results are published in detail in the Agricul 
tural Gazette. The competition arose out of a contro 
versy between two breeders regarding the merit of 
Silver Wyandots and Buff Orpingtons. The minister 
of agriculture became interested, and it was finally 
decided to open the contest to all breeders who should 
contribute six pullets each of any one breed. The gov 
cmment put up yards 57 x 17 feet and pens 6 x 5J feet 
for each flock of six birds. The fowls were in charge 
of the poultry expert at the Hawkesbury Agricultural 
College. 

Prizes were given for the greatest total number of 
eggs laid by sach pen and for the greatest aggregate 
weight of eggs. A record was kept of the market 
value of the eggs, total quantities of food consumed, 
and the average cost per hen. The first prize of $50 
for total number of eggs, and of $15 for greatest ag 
gregate weight, was awarded to a pen of Black Orp- 
ingtons. 

There were 41 pens entered, which makes it the 
largest competition of Its kind ever conducted. All 
but one pen paid for its food. The average value of 
the eggs was $1 54 per hen, and cost of food 66 cents, 
leaving a profit of 88 cents each. The first pen of 
Black Orpingtons gave a profit of $2.18. The follow- 
ing table shows the average results of the various 
breeds, also the record in detail of those pens which 
laid a total of 400 eggs or more during the six winter 
months, April to September being winter in New South 
Wales : 

AVERAGE RESULTS OP THE VARIOUS BREEDS. 

No. and Total 

Breed. Eggs. 

6 Imperials 426 

24 Silver Wyandots 1 68L 

48 Black Orpingtons 3.127 

30 Buff Orpingtons 1,949 

18 Buff Wyandots 1,145 

30 
12 

6 

t> 
18 

6 

12 

12 

18 

246 



White Leghorns. 1,746 

Anconas 672 

Golden Wyandots 317 

"Birrilees" ,. 317 

White Wyandots 8t8 

White Orpingtons 273 

Buff Leghorns 493 

Andalusians * 464 

Minorcas 589 

Hens 14,047 



Av. 


per 


Pen. 


$71 00 


70 


04 


65 


14 


64 


96 


63 


61 


58 


50 


56 


00 


52 


83 


52 


83 


47 


11 


45 


50 


41 


08 


38 66 


32 


72 


57 


10 



Now is the time to plan for the coming season ; eggs 
and poultry of all kinds have been in good demand ; 
this is sure to continue, and all should profit by these 
conditions. 

No one kind of poultry has been so scarce and high 
in price as turkeys. The stock in storage has been so 
reduced as to insure good prices another season. 



Prepare for this in time, and guard against the great- 
est of all danger in growing turkeys — inbreeding. 

Make full preparation for growing early pullets. 
Begin now to plan for this. Get the incubators and 
brooders in shape for spring work. Try them abead 
of time and see if they work right. You may save a 
lot of eggs by so doing Be sure they are in good 
working order before putting in the eggs. 

When brooders are propeily made and run, th*»y 
will do good work; but each is as important as the 
other. After the maker has done his part, you must 
do yours. It is quite as important for the brooder to 
be run right as it is absolutely necessary that the in- 
cubator be properly managed ; look out for this. 

Strong, vigorous stock is the proper kind to use for 
breeding ; this holds good in fowls as in all kinds of 
stock. The same rule holds good throughout nature. 
If we ho pe for the best results, we must make use of 
the best means to gain the desired end, whether after 
better crops — fruit, vegetables or live stock — the prin- 
ciple of production is the same. Good quality is not 
to be gained through the use of inferiority. 



COST OF PRODUCING A BROILER. 

One of the most successful broiler raisers in this 
country markets his chicks at If to 2 pounds weight, 
at an average cost to raise of 25 cents each. He is able 
to market a broiler chick for every two eggs put in 
his incubators (including inier tiles), and his carefully 
kept estimate of cost, extending over several years, is 
as follows : 

Two eggs 5 cents. 

Labor 7 " 

Feed 8 ft 

Picking 5 " 



Total 



25 



At the price he paid the farmers for eggs his aver- 
age cost is not quite two cents an egg, as the price 
paid for picking is one to two cents above the market 
price for picking broilers, his estimate of the total 
cost is a liberal one. He said : "I would rabher pay 
that price and have the chicks carefully picked, each 
man picking 50 or 60 a day, than have a picker earn the 
same amount of money by hurriedly picking 100 a 
day. It is quite easy for a picker to 'skimp' his work, 
and the broilers would be a cheaper looking lot in con 
sequence, shrinking the price perhaps four or five 
oents a pound." In other words, quality pays in broil- 
ers as well as in other things, and the fact that this 
man's broilers frequently bring him five cents a pound 
above the highest market quotations, approves the 
policy of paying the picker a good enough price to 
insure having the chicks carefully picked. 

Broilers bring the highfst prices in April. At this 
season of the year they bring 40 to 80 cents a pound, 
which price gradually scales down to 20 cents or a!:*- 
tie less in August. Later in the year the price again 
advances, the advance being most rapid in February 
and March. 



1903 .j 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTEB. 



183 



The Horse. 



NOTES. 



Prominent among the stallions in the stud of the 
Hon. William C. Whitney at La Belle Farm, Lexing 
ington. Ky., is Ballyhoo Bey, winner of the Futuriiy 
in 1890. Ballyhoo Bey is a brown horse, foaled 1898 
by Kingston, dam Ballyhoo, Duke of Magenta; sec 
ond dam Baby, by imported Strachino; third dam 
Ecliptic, by imported Eclipse; fourth dam the ever 
famous mare Nina, by Boston. Baby and Ecliptic, 
the second and third dams of Ballyhoo Bey, were bred 
in the former noted Bullfitld Stud, Hanover countj , 
Va., while Nina passed most of her life there. A 
great fountain head of speed and race horse quality 
was this great daughter of Boston. Another of Nina's 
descendants now prominently before the public is 
The Commoner, who heads the famous Belle Meade 
Stud, Nashville, Tenn. He was sired by Hanover, 
dam Margerine, by Algerine. Algerine was got by 
Abd El Kader, formerly a member of the Bluefield 
Stud, out of Nina. He was foaled 1873, and his full 
sister, Algeria, came in 1875, while the dam was bar 
ren in 1874 and 1876, and September 19, 1879, the 
great daughter of Boston succumbed to the weight of 
years at the age of 31, and was interred on the hill 
aide overlooking the training track. 

Mr. W. B. McComb, of the Union Stock Yards, 
this city, has sold to Trainer George B. Bichmond, 
who has charge of the Deep Bun Hunt Club stables 
and track, the bay filly, one year old, by Orphan 
wood, dam Vida B. Wilkes, by Brignoli W,ilkes, sec 
ond dam Vida B., by Almont M., and third dam Mary 
Bell, the dam of Urbana B«lle, 2:20}, and Bex, 2:22}. 
Both the sire and dam of this filly — who, by the way, 
is quite promising — are the property of Mr. McComb, 
who also owns Joyful Maiden, 2: 19 J; Medinawood, 
both by King Nutwood, and others as well bred and 
speedy, too. Orphanwood, who is large, handsome 
of King Nutwood and Young Mollie, by Baron Luff, 
2:27, will be kept in the stud this season at the Mc 
Comb Farm, Fishersville, Va., and the bay stallion 
will doubtless be well patronized by breeders in that 
section. 



In Burlingame, 2:18}, trotting, the splendid son of 
Guy Wilkes, and Ed. Kearney, thoroughbred son of 
Tom Ochiltree, Mr. Bobert Tait, of Spring Garden 
Farm, near Cool Well P. O., in Amherst county, Va., 
offers the services of a grand pair of stallions, and 
breeders in that section can make no mistake in 
patronizing such horses, especially those who own 
good mares. Burlingame is of fine size, bred in the 
richest lines, and his get take after him, which shows 
his potency as a sire. Ed. Kearney is one of the 
finest looking thoroughbred stallions to be seen, while 
he is grandly bred, and will sire not only race horses 
from thoroughbred mares, but grand hunters, jump 
ers and cross country horses from general purpose 
mares. The fees of both Burlingame and Ed. Kear 
ney are moderate, and intending breeders should 
write for extended pedigrees; and other desirable in- 
formation concerning them. 



The International Stock Food Company of Min- 
neapolis, Minn., whose advertisement appears in the 
Southern Planter, offers an article of prime merit and 
one that has borne the test in their stock food, which 
is sold at a price that enables three feeds to be had 
for one cent. It has the largest sale of any similar 
preparation in the world. Mr. M. W. Savage, the 
head of the concern, is also proprietor of the Inter- 
national Stock Food Farm, home of the famous pacer, 
Dau Patch, 1:59$; the great trotter and sire, Directum, 
2:05}, and E >y Wilkes, 2:06$. aleo famous as a sire. 
Last season Dan Patch was timed in 1 :59 1 at Bead- 
ville, Mass , and during the coming one is more than 
likely to pace a faster mile than has ever been seen 
done by any harness horse. Not only are the stal- 
lions at this establishment great, but the brood mare 
band is one of the choicest in the country as well. 



The stockholders of the Peninsular Fair Associa- 
tion, Tasley, Va., met recently and elected the follow- 
ing officers: Judge John W. G. Blackstone, president; 
N. W. Nock, vice president; Thomas S. Hopkins, sec- 
retary and treasurer. The executive committee is 
made up of W. H. Parker, G. W. Kilman, T. H. 
Melson, J. H. Ayers, W. T. Wright, H. O. Finney, 
John W. G. Blackstone, John R. Hickman, and G. F. 
Parker. The Sixth Annual Fair of the Association 
will begin August 4th and continue four days. The 
Tasley Fair marks the beginning of the Maryland 
and Virginia circuit of fairs and race meetings, which 
will be followed by that at Pocomoke City, Md., thir- 
ty-five miles distant on the N. Y. P. and N. B. B. 
Four stakes of $500, two each for trotters and pacers, 
will be included in the speed programme of each asso- 
ciation. 



Wealth, 2:17}, the fine, big son of Gambetta Wilkes 
and Magnolia, by Norfolk, who heads the Chapman 
Stud at Gordonsville, Va., is just six years old, and 
has probably never served more than half a dozen all 
told in his life; yet from one of these, served when he 
was three years old, there is a two-year old owned by 
M. E. Doyle, of Lynchburg, Va., who is described as 
a great prospect for speed and is entered in something 
like $50,000 worth of stakes. The dam of Mr. Doyle's 
precocious youngster was sired a son of Belmont. 
Wealth will make a short season in the stud and then 
be placed in training, when good judges predict a 
record of better than 2:10 for the handsome brown 
son of Gambetta Wilkes before snow flies this fall. 
Col. W. H. Chapman, the owner of Wealth, is in a 
position to accord him good advantages, hence the 
horse will be sent to Joe B*a, of Danville, Ky., in 
whose masterly hands Wealth will be trained and 
raced this season. 



Becent winners at New Orleans include Cogswell, 
black horse, 7, by Jim Gray, dam Leola, by Eolus, 
second dam Vigiline, by Vigil. Cogswell was bred 
in the Ellerslie Stud of A. D. Payne, Charlottesville, 
Va. Beoad Bock. 



Mention the Southern Planter to your friends. 



184 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTEB 



[March 



fliscellaneous. 



BROWNLOW'S GOOD ROADS BILL. 



A Practical and Conservative Measure. 

A representative of the press called upon Hon. W. 
P. Brownlow, member of Congress from Tennessee, 
and asked him whether his bill, recently introduced 
in Congress, and providing for national aid to road 
improvement, conld not properly be condemned as a 
paternalistic and impracticable scheme, pleasing to 
visionaries, bnt regarded by conservative men as de- 
signed to loot the treasury and to complicate the func 
tions of the national government. 

"The answer to that question," said Col. Brownlow, 
"may be found in the bill itself, and in the editorials 
and articles appearing in the leading newspapers, ag- 
ricultural and scientific journals of the country." 

"I am afraid," he continued pleasantly, " that like 
some others, you are talking about my bill before you 
have read it, for it is not proposed to build roads at 
government expense alone. The general policy, as 
stated in the bill, shall be to bring about, so Jar as 
may be, a uniform system of taxation for road pur 
poses, and a uniform method of construction, repair 
and maintenance throughout the United States, and 
to co operate with any State, or civil division thereof, 
in the actual construction of permanent highways." 

If you see anything paternalistic and impracticable 
in that, you differ from the best editors of the most 
conservative journals in the country. It has been 
said that a just cause will raise up friends to fight its 
own battles. This is certainly the case with my bill, 
for even the editor of the Washington Post, who claims 
to be against it, says : 

" The Post is surprised at the amount of favor, or 
rather lack of disfavor, with which it has been received 
by the press. Even the Democratic papers, some 
of them prominent, and in all respects reputable, have 
discussed it without a word of condemnation." 

In dealing with the question of paternalism; the 
editor of the Manufacturers 1 Record, which journal 
represents important industrial, railroad and financial 
interests, says : 

"Many objections will be made to this bill of Mr. 
Brownlow's. Some of these objections will come from 
honest men — men who were taught a different theory 
of government from that which exists to day. The 
greatest objections, however, will come from two 
classes — first, those who affect to regard it as pater- 
nalism in the government, and those who belong to a 
class of politicians who, to be consistent, must be un- 
progressive; who sit in darkness on the dry branches 
of a dead era and brood over the past, and hoot at 
those who prefer to live among the green branches of 
prosperity and influence. Such politicians as these 
consider prejudices as an evidence of wisdom and 
patriotism. They vent their indignation against all 
v, ho do not sing the lugubrious song of their infinite 
pessimism." 

The objection raided because of the so called pater 
nalism in this bill is puerile, inconsistent and irra 
tional. It is pure demagogy. The regulation of 
public affairs by the government is not paternalism. 
The building of postoffices, the carrying of the mails, 



the collection of the revenues, the regulation of com 
merce and the building of highways, are all objects 
in which every class is interested. These things do 
not enter into the private life of a citizen. Should 
the General Government prescribe "what we shall 
eat, or what we shall drink, or wherewithal we shall 
be clothed," it would be paternalistic in character. 
It would indeed be an enervating paternalism, de- 
stroying individuality and repressing energy. The 
government, in aiding to build roads, would stimu- 
late industrial activity, while it would, at the same 
time, arouse the highest ambition in the citizen, com 
mand his loyalty and insure an ardent patriotism. 

To illustrate that my bill is regarded as piacticable 
by conservative men, I quote the following from Col- 
man's Rural World, which represents the farmer of the 
great Middle West, and which is edited by Hon. 
Norman J. Colman, the first Secretary of the U. S. 
Department of Agriculture : 

"The feeliDg is growing that some sort of systemized 
effort is necessary involving a broader scope than has 
heretofoie been generally accorded. That the effective 
solution of the good roads problem is too great a task 
for merely local effort, is shown by the futile results. 
The business for constructing highways is a job the 
average farmer should not be expected to tackle. He 
has his hands full managing one business already that 
requires all of his thought and most of his time. It 
has been suggested that co operation of National, 
State and local interests is logical, practicable and 
essential. The logic of State co operation is shown 
by the fact that the benefits accruing from the estab- 
lishment of public highways extend far beyond their 
locality. Whatever the unit of organization, whether 
State, county, township or road district, there is no 
doubt that concerted action is necessary, and that all 
who share in the benefits should divide the costs. 

"The invoking of National aid in building roads is 
so expansive a topic that it would fill all the pages of 
the Rural World and then run over. We have but to 
say at this time that the most rational thing we have 
seen in this connection is the bill introduced in the 
present Congress by Hon. Walter P. Brownlow, of 
Tennessee. The fundamental principles of the bill 
are sound and equitable. It provides for the estab- 
lishment of a bureau of public roads in the Depart 
ment of Agriculture. This we have long advocated 
as being the first step in the preliminary educational 
work which must precede actual business of organiza- 
tion and construction. 

"The Brownlow bill provides that the director of 
this bureau may co operate with any State or county, 
and that one half of the expense of road construction 
shall be paid by the United States Government only 
when the work actually progresses through local effort 
and only when the road districts have raised the other 
half required. 

The constitutional provision is ample justification, 
and the rural free delivery system demands National 
aid. The tremendous growth of rural routes, and the 
nnanimity of opinion on their value in bringing about 
the revolution in country life, encourage the belief 
that the government will give this matter the serious 
consideration that it deserves." 



1903.] 



THE SOTJTHEEN PLA2JTTEB. 



185 



THE 



Southern Planter 

PUBLISHED BY 

III SOHTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING C01PY, 

BIOHBf OND, VA. 

IflSUBD ON 1ST OF EACH MONTH. 



PUBLISHER'S NOTES. 



J. F. JACKSON, 
Editor and General Manager. 

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD, 

Business Manages. 

TERMS FOR ADVERTISING. 
Rate card furnished on application. 



TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. 
line Southern Planter Is mailed to sub- 
« iribers In the United States and Canada at 
60 i. per annum ; all foreign countries and the 
O ty of Richmond, 75c. 

Remittances should be made direct to this 
office, either by Registered Letter or Money 
Order, which will be at our risk. When made 
otherwise we cannot be responsible. 

We Invite Farmers to write us on any 
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to 
receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti- 
cles, Suggestions How to Improve The 
Planter, Descriptions of New Grains, Roots, 
or Vegetables not generally known. Particu- 
lars of Experiments Tried, or Improved 
Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel- 
come. Contributions sent us must not be fur- 
nished other papers until after they have ap- 
peared in our columns. Rejected matter will 
M returned on receipt of postage. 

Address— THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, 

RICHMOND, VA. 



Detail Index to Enquirer's 
Column. 

Fertilizer for Peanuts and Corn 165 

Improving Land with Peas and Crim- 
son Clover 165 

Hogs Pasturing in Corn Field 166 

Renewing Pasture 166 

Stump Pullers — Sweet Potato Slips — 

■Tomato Fertilizer 166 

Peas for Hogs 166 

Cow-Peas and Corn as a Fodder 
Crop — Crimson Clover — Sulphur 

for Stock 16t 

Cow-Peas and Corn 167 

State Grange— Marl— Mulching Po- 
tatoes 167 

Renewing a Pasture— Preparing Land 

for Peas 168 

Diseased Hogs 168 

Plants Destroyed by Moles or Mice... 168 

Crimson Clover — Rape 168 

Ginseng 168 

Silo— Scoring Cut Fodder 168 

Kaffir Corn 168 

Stump Killer — Disease in Hog — 

Breeds of Hogs 169 

Tobacco Growing 169 

China Tree — Corn Breeding 169 

Butter will not Come — Grass for Pas- 
ture — Sorghum 170 

Watermelons 170 

Wood Ashes for Irish Potatoes 170 

Alfalfa 170 

Crimson Clover in Cow-Peas and 

Kaffir Corn 170 

Beans for Name 170 

Cow-Pea and Sorghum Ensilage 170 

Lump Jaw 170 



Patronize Our Advertisers. 

In this issue of the Planter will 
be found advertisements from all 
the old reliable houses with which 
farmers in the South have been do 
ing business in the past, and also 
offers of goods from scores of others 
who have never previously patron- 
ized our columns. We are most 
anxious to make this advertising 
pay our patrons, and therefore ap 
peal to every reader of the Planter 
to read the advertisements as well 
as the body of the journal. To do 
this will be a liberal education in 
itself, and it will bring home to 
every farmer what an enormous 
business is done with farmers. 
When you require anything on the 
farm just turn to the advertising 
columns of the Planter and it is ten 
to one that you will there find it 
offered. Patronize these men. They 
are reliable men or their adver- 
tisements would not be found in 
the Planter. We will see that no 
one who deals with our advertisers 
is fleeced or faked. When you 
write to any advertiser always say 
you saw the advertisement in the 
Planter This helps us to make the 
journal more helpful to each farm- 
er, as it ensures us the patronage 
of the advertisers. We could not 
afford to issue The Planter for 50 
cents per year without a liberal 
support from advertisers. 



WITH OUR ADVERTISERS. 

Dr. Cecil French wants all kinds of live 
wild birds and animals. He has an ad. 
elsewhere in this issue. 

Messrs. Heatwole & Suter are offering 
some nice Scotch-topped Shorthorn cat- 
tle. Look up their ad. 

Dr. R. K. Gregory, a well-known phy- 
sician, has something very compliment- 
ary to say in another column regarding 
the Keeley Institute at Greensboro, N. C. 

The Rife Engine Co. of New York re- 
sumes its advertising with this number. 
The Rife Hydraulic Ram is well known 
to numbers of our readers, and to those 
who have not investigated its merits, we 
beg to suggest that they get a catalogue 
at once. 

The Call- Watt Co. is advertising Agri- 
cultural Implements and Machinery in 
this number. 



WOOD'S "TRADE MARK " 

Farm Seeds 

are the best that can be obtained 
—free from weed seeds and impur- 
ities and of stiong germinating 
qualities. It is very important if 
you desire to secure good stands 
and good crops to purchase the 
highest grade seeds obtainable. 
This you can always do by pur- 
chasing "Wood's Trade Mark 
Brand " of Farm Seeds. 

Wood's New Seed Book for 1903 

mailed on request tells all about 

Vegetable and Flower Seeds, 
brass and Clover Seeds, 

Seed Potatoes, Seed Oats, 
Tobacco, Seed Corn, 
Cow Peas, Soja, Velvet and 
Navy Beans, Sorghums, 
Broom Corn, Kaffir Corn, 
Peanuts, Millet Seed, etc. 
Write for Seed Book and prices 
of any Farm Seeds required, 

T. W. WOOD & SONS, 

Seedsmen, Richmond, Va. 



■ nii—n""""'"^ 



Sows or Drills 




Stevens 

Fertilizer 

Sower 

Sows broadcast 
ordrills 2(>oto 
4000 1 bs per acre. 
Spreads to width 
or fj feet and 10 
inches. 



All Com- 

mercia 

Fertilizers 

in all condi- 
tions handled 
equally well. 
W iik is uni- 
form. Machine 
is low aid 
i easy to load. 



Broad Tired Wheels Make Light Draft 

and avoid rutting fluids Klmfts op tongue for one 
or two ih'i-M'.-, Quick adjustment for drilling or 
broadcasting, tewt or slow spreading Soon makes 
cost in saving; fertilizer. Frt-ecirc. and testimonials. 

Belcher C& Taylor A. T. Co., 

Box 2.5 Chicopee Falls. Mass, 

■aaanntf 



Don't Monkey with if 
anything but the 



PEERLESS," 



If it is clean, unbroken 
peas you want. The 
"PEERLESS "is easy to 
operate.light to handle 
strong and durable, ele- 
gantly finished. It will 
clean peas to perfec- 
tion, also millet, sor- 
ghnm seed and velvet 
beans. J. E. Sanders's 
latest improved, fully 
guaranteed. We pay 
freights. Write to-day 
for prices, address, 
PEERLESS PEA HULLER CO., Box V, Oalten Ga 




186 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[March 



A new advertiser in this issue is the 
S. Freeman & Sons Mfg. Co. They have 
a splendid windmill, in which our sub- 
scribers should become interested. 

The .Etna Life Insurance Co. publishes 
its annual statement in another column. 
If our readers will take the trouble to 
compare this statement with the one 
published last March, they will find that 
this well known old company is getting 
its share of life insurance. 

Currie Bros., of Milwaukee, are adver- 
tising clover seed, which it is claimed 
will make 42 tons to the acre. In this 
section, if we can make as many tons as 
are represented by the first figure above, 
we think we are doing well. This, how- 
ever, is Egyptian clover, which it is 
claimed yields 42 tons to three cuttings. 
It might be well to investigate this new 
grass. 

The Belcher & Taylor Agricultural 
Tool Co. has two ads. in this number. 
We invite the attention of our readers to 
both of them. 

Mr. Henry Blosser is advertising Short- 
horns again with us this season. 

Mr. A. M. D. Holloway, Philadelphia, 
has an ad. of the Hardie Spray Pumps in 
this number. He is the Eastern repre- 
sentative of this concern, as well as the 
Lansing Tubular Silo, which will also be 
found advertised in this issue. 

We have a new advertiser of fencing 
in this issue in the person of the Inter- 
national Fence and Fireproofing Co. Look 
up the card among the fence ads. 

The Meadowvale Farm of Lutherville, 
Md., is also a new comer in this issue. 
There are two ads. of this firm — one 
offering live stock and the other poultry. 
It is worth while to look up these ads. 

Some nice Line-bred Plymouth Rocks 
are offered by E. F. Somers. 

The American Stock Food Co. offers to 
send a trial package of its food under 
conditions mentioned in its ad. 

The B. B. Fence Co. of Racine, Wis., is 
after the trade of the farmers of this 
section. 

A public sale of Thoroughbred Stock 
at Hagerstown, Md., is booked for March 
12tb. Mr. H. L. Strite, manager of the 



City of Toledo, \ 
Lucas County, j ss ' 

Frank J. Cheney makes oath that he 
is the senior partner of the firm of F. J. 
Cheney & Co., doing business in the city 
of Toledo, county and State aforesaid, 
and that said firm will pay the sum of 
ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS for each 
and every case of Catarrh that cannot 
be cured by the use of Hall's Catarrh 
Cure. FRANK J. CHENEY. 

Sworn to before me and subscribed in 
my presence this 6th day of December, 
, ,— *— > , A. D. 1886. 
\ seal. \ A. W. GLEASON, 

1 ' — . — ' ' Notary Public. 

Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken internally, 
and acts directly on the blood and mu- 
cous surfaces of the system. Send for 
testimonials, free. 

F. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, 0. 
j®»Sold by druggists, 75c. 
Hall's Family Pills are the best. 



H 
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O 



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a 

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co 

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u 
£0 

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TO 

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QUICK HEALING POWERS. 

IN THE TREATMENT OF DISEASES REQUIRING 
AN EFFICACIOUS EXTERNAL REMEDY.**^- 



mm^m^dsm 



O 

u. 




Prepared Only By«^t~ 



ERT BR05.XC? 

SOLE PROPRIETORS 

BALTIMORE, K.B. 

U.S. A 






rn 



c/> 



EXACT SIZE OF BOTTLE. 

TAKE NO SUBSTITUTE. 



1903 .J 



THE SOUTHERN FLAtfTKh 



187 



Bale, has a half-page ad. elsewhere in this. 
number. Oar inrormation is that some 
splendid stock in the shape of Shorthorns 
and Berkshires is going to be offered. We 
feel satisfied that any of our readers who 
can attend the sale will find it profitable 
to do so. For further particulars, look 
up the ad. and address Mr. Strite 

Some nicely-bred Red Polled cattle are 
offered by W. S. Foster, Blacksbqrg, Va. 
Look up his ad. for further particulars. 

Yager's Liniment, for nan and beast, 
is advertised as usual in this number. 
Nearly all the drug and country stores 
hare it in stock. 

Notice the change in the ad. of the 
Forest Home Farm in this issue. 

The International Stock Food Co. has 
a full-page ad. elsewhere in this issue. 
They are offering a large cash sum for an 
article, for which any farmer or student 
of an agricultural college can compete. 
Look up the ad. and enter the compe- 
tition. 

The well-known house of the A. B. 
Farquhar Co. has a couple of ads. in this 
issue, to which we invite the attention of 
our readers. 

The Castalia Herefords are in nice 
shape this spring, as evidenced by a let- 
ter from Mr. Boocock and a half page ad. 
of them in this number. 

The Electric Wheel Co. of Quincy, 111., 
has two ads. in this number, to which we 
ask the attention of our readers. 

" How to Grow Melons " is the title of 
a pamphlet, which B. W. Stone & Co., 
Thomasville, Ga., will mail free. 

Yager's Sarsaparilla with Celery is 
offered in third of a page space in this 
issue. The makers furnish splendid tes- 
timonials as to its value. 

Fleming Bros., Chemists, 22 Union 
Yards, Chicago, are advertising their 
well-known remedies with us. Look up 
the ad. and send for interesting free cata- 
logue treating the various diseases of 
horses and cattle. 

The Bowmont Farms advise us that 
they are having numerous inquiries for 
large Yorkshire hogs. 

The Pasteur Vacine Co. is advertising 
its well-known Black Legine in another 
column. 

Look up the ad. of the Ames Plow Co. 
They are offering a lot of useful and val- 
uable tools for market gardeners. 

Herefords and Do.sets are offered by 
H. Armstrong. 

Spravers are advertised by the F. B. 
Smith "Mfg. Co., Buffalo, N. Y. 

Farm Bells, Spraying outfits and Farm 
Machinery are offered by Eclipse Hard- 
ware and Mfg. Co., Shiloh, Va. 

Hurraw & Son have a Sprayer about 
which they would like to tell our readers. 

R. W. Haw, Jr., of Centralia, Va., is 
offering some nice Brown Leghorns. 
Get his prices. 

J. M. Hughes sends us a good recom- 
mendation as to fair dealing with his 
customers. He has two ads. elsewhere 
in this issue. 

The splendid Hackney stallion " Cis- 
mont '" is making the season at Keswick. 



FOUNDED 
1802. 



GOLD MEDALS: 

Paris, 1900. Pan-American, 1901. 



$**3L 




For over a hundred years have been"universally recognized 
as the standard of excellence. They received the GOLD 
MEDALS (the highest award) both at the Paris Exposition 
of 1900 and at the Pan-American, 1901. 



— the i02d successive annual edition — con- 
tains a more complete assortment and fuller 



Our 

V-.CllCllUCjUt^ cultural directions than any other seed annual 
published. It is beautifully illustrated, not with highly colored 
exaggerations, but with the finest half-tones from life photo- 
graphs. It contains 128 large size pages, and in addition 16 
full page half-tone plates, and is in every respect and with- 
out exception the most complete, most reliable, and most 
beautiful of American Garden Annuals. We will mail it free 
on receipt of 10 cents in stamps, which amount may be 
deducted from your first seed order. .... 

MOrKCt" are mv ' tec ^ t° sen d for our special price-list 

tf^s»r»H/^r»/>*»c °* n 'gh-class vegetable seeds for truckers and 
vICH VlCJlCJ o large market growers. It contains all sorts 
of approved merit. 

J. M. THORBURN & CO., 

36 Cortlandt Street, NEW YORK. 



The Tomato 

never has been produced that can equal in | 
flavor and fine form our 

NEW CENTVRY TOMATO. 

Bred and trained for years, this tomato is extra large 
and heavy, hardy, early, free from blight, and will not 
crack nor scald. Pronounced by growers remarkably 
solid, full fleshed and free from seed. The right size and color to bring the 
price on the market, it pleases the eye and brings most money. Ships and 
keepsunusually well. 800 bus. per acre is the record for this tomato and the 
seed is all controlled by us. Write to-day for our new illustrated catalogue, 
showing our New Leader Cabbage, Dark Fortune Cucumber, Ruby King 
Radish, Rocky Ford Cantaloupe, Alaska Peas, Valentine Beans, Gradus 
Peas, and all of our big line of garden and field seeds. It is free. Write now. 
J. BOLGIANO <S. SON. Dept. P 7, Baltimore. Md. 



When corresponding -with Advertisers, always mention 
The Southern Planter. 



188 



THE SOUTHERN PLAKTEB. 



(March 



Planet Jr 



The No. 8 
"Planet Jr." 

Horse Hoe and 
Cultivator 

is without doubt the best, best known 
and most largely used one horse cultivator 
in the world. There is not a civilized 
country on the globe in which it is not 
«nown and used. This could not be so 
if it did not possess true merit and worth. 
It has a large number of attachments 
which make it readily adaptable to all 
uses and nearly all crops. Note the two 
levers. _ The one standing upright is for 
reeulating the width. It changes the 
width of the tool for wide ornarrow rows. 
The other lever operates the wheel and 
depth regulator simultaneously to a ni- 
cety. It is made of the very best materi- 
al throughout and with reasonable care 
will last indefinitely. It is a great favor- 
ite with potato growers, truck farmers 
and general farmers. It is but one of our 
fifty seeding and cultivating implements, 
including plain and combined Seed Sow- 
™, s, „ . Wheel Hoes, Hand Cultivators, 
Walking Cultivators and One and Two- 
horse Riding cultivators, Special Sugar 
Beet Tools, etc. Our new 1903 catalogue 
ls . n "f- .M contains over 100 illustrations 
with full descriptions and prices. It costs 
you nothing and will make you money. 
Write for it at once. 
S.L. ALLEN & CO., 
Box 1107-X 
Philadelphia, 
Pa. 




Don't buy a poor wind mill. Don't 
pay a double price. Send direct to 
:tory for catalogue of th 

Freeman 
Steel Wind Mills 

and four post angle steel towers. A 
complete line of pumping and power 
mills of the highest grade at extreme- 
ly low prices. We can save you 
money on a good article. 
S. Freeman <& Sons Mf£. Co., 

110 Hamilton St., Racine, Wis. 

A complete line of Feed and F.nsilage Cutters, 

Corn Shellers, Wood Saws, etc., at low prices, 



Wagon World Awheel. 

Half a million of these steel 
wheels have been sent out on 
our own wagons and to fit other 
wagons. It is the wheel that 
determines the life of any 
wagon, and this is the longest 
lived wheel made. Do you want 
I a low down Handy Wagon to 
use about the place? We will fit 
out your old wagon with Elec- 
tric Wheels of any size and 
any shape tire, straight or stag- 
gered spokes. No cracked hubs, no 

loose spokes, no rotten felloes, no resetting;. Write for 

the big now catalogue, ltis free. 

Electric Wheel Co., Box 146 Quincy, Ills* 




Fee, $10, with the usual return privilege 
or $15 to insure. There is a half-page ad. 
of Mr. Lindenkohl, the owner, elsewhere 
in this number. 

The F. S Peck Co. have an interesting 
offer for poultrymen in another column. 



MAGAZINES. 

The frontispiece of the March Century, 
a half-tone reproduction of the William 
M. Chase portrait by John S. Sargent, 
possesses unusual interest. This picture 
of a noted American artist, the work of a 
fellow-painter equally distinguished, 
holds high rank among the best exam 
pies of American portraiture, and, it is 
hoped, will find permanent place in the 
Metropolitan Museum of Art in New 
York City, a testimonial to Mr. Chase, 
"on account of his unceasing devotion 
to American students and American 
art." Other illustrations of more than 
ordinary interest in the March Century 
are Ernest • Blumenschein's eighteen 
drawings of typical characters and scenes 
vivifying Ray Stannard Baker's " The 
Great Northwest," G. W. Peters' strong 
sketches for Jacob A. Riis' " In the Gate 
way of Nations," W. L. Jacobs' sympa- 
thetic picturing of " The Passing of El- 
kanah Ritter" and Fanny Y. Cory's 
dainty conceptions for Madison Cawein's 
" There are Fairies." 

Ray Stannard Baker's series of articles 
on "The Great Southwest," published 
last year in the Century, won favor that 
means a welcome for the new series on 
"The Great Northwest," whose begin- 
ning is the leading article in the March 
Century. To many readers the story of 
the Northwest's march of events, which 
in the last eight years have moved "with 
a rapidity which must always remain a 
world's wonder," will have the charm, 
aside from its picturesque telling, of land 
and life as novel and unfamiliar as if 
from another world. The illustrations, 
from drawings by Ernest Blumenschein, 
add much to the interest and value of 
the narrative. Jacob A. Riis' "In the 
Gateway of Nations," contains authori- 
tative information touching phases of life 
little known to most Americans, and 
leaves the reader with a kindly feeling 
for these humble pilgrims from the Old 
World to the New. Allied in interest is 
the article immediately following, Gus- 
tave Michaud's "What Shall We Be?" a 
discussion of the coming race in Ameri- 
ca, illustrated from photographs furnish- 
ed by the author. Our native stock, Mr. 
Michaud says, is becoming a small mi- 
nority, and the nature, extent and prob- 
able influence of the human current 
flowing from the Old World to the New 
are matters of vital importance. Mr. 
Michaud's figures and inferences are fol- 
lowed by comments thereon by Franklin 
H. Giddings, Professor of Sociology at 
Columbia University. George Buchanan 
Fife's "The So-Called Tobacco Trust," 
another of the Century's notable series 
on the great business combinations of the 
day, is very readable. 

St. Nicholas this month not only tempts 
its young friends to read, but sets them 
to thinking about their books and gives 
them some helpful hints on how to read 
for the best results. The editor of the 



THE IMPROVED 

SCREW STUMP POLLER 

Write fo Prices. 




ChamberliB Mfg, Co., Glean, N. Y., D. 8. A. 

sTunp + 

PULLERS 




All Sizes and Prices. Catalogue Free. 
MOHLAND & COMPANY, 

BURLINGTON, IOWA. 

HERCULES STUMP PULLER 





Clears an acre ef heavy timber land each day. 
Clears all stumps in a circle of 150 ft. without 
moving or changing machine. Strongest, 
most rapid working and best made. 

Hercules Mfg. Co., 4 1 3 1 7th St.. Centrevllle, Iowa 
BOSTROM'S IMPROVED f ARM LEVEL 

Pat d 1902. W|TH AND W1TH0UT TELESCOPE 

Is no MAKESHIFT, but the 
best one made for Terracing, 
Ditching and Drainage. Price 
$S and #10, including Tripod 
and Rod. Send for descriptive 
circulars and Treatise on Ter- 
racing, etc., Free. 
Bostrum, Brady nfg. Co., 
31% "W". Alabama St., Atlanta, Ga. 

PwaterTraisesItself 

j >— v. to any height, any distance by the force of the 

\ &£_■" fl gfr j natural stream with the 

< HIM "DUPIT* HYDRAULIC 
tVlI! lis ENGINE. 

Best for farms, country resi- 
3 deuces and irrigation. Pumps 
30 ft. high for every foot of fall. 
Sold on 30 days trial. 
RIFE ENGINE COMPANY, 
126 Liberty St., New York.- 



1ATEST 





(Newton'* FatMrt.) 

Every 

Dehorner 

Guaranteed 



THOUSANDS IN USE. 

>ur har 



Ask yoi 
U. B. BEOWN MFG. CO.. 



ardware dealer for them or ' _ _ 

DEOATTJB, I1X. 



l»03 1 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTBK. 



18tf 



Corn Planting 
and fertilizing go hand in hand. w_ 
You can plant in hills, drills or 0/ 
checks and put in the ground all com- 
mercial or home made fertilizers in 
any condition,as wet,lumpy,etc. with 




THE ECLIPSE 



Corn Planter and 

Fertilizer Distributer, 

With Improved Row Marker. 

Adapted as well to Peas, Beans, Beets, etc. 
Hills 6 to 45 inches apart. Distributes 50 to 
450 lbs. fertilizer per acre. Wide and easy 
adjustment. Light draft, weight 150 lbs. 
Eisy to handle, a model for accuracy and 
durability. Investigate our Eclipse Two 
Row Two Horse Planter. Agents wanted in 
new territory. Write for circulars and terms. 
BELCHER & TAYLOR A. T. CO., 

Box 2S .Chlcopee Falls, Mass. 



always results where a Keystone Torn 
Planter is used. Drops the kernels ill 
lull or drills any distance apart and 
sows any!;i..d of pulverized fertilizer 
with utmost satisfaction. Works well 
in any kind of soil. Does not crack 
the (.-ram and plants beans, peas, etc. 
Irnine is steel, making a durable 
machine which is a pleasure to use. 
l ou'll never regret the purchase of a 

Farquhar Keystone 
Corn Planter 

A. B. FARQUHAR CO., Ltd., 
York, Pa. 



Send for free 
illustrated 
catalogue 
of farm 
implements 

an <* . jtay-l 

maclunery. ter . . , . \ 



DM8YSSS& 



Planter 




Asinglerowco. -> planter, made with or wuhmit 
fertl.lzer attachment. Has either double orconcave 
single wheel. Has Irinira or dropping dies. Dropping 
and lenilizsr feed rezulited by link chain twit. 5 chain whirls 
for dnpniaz corn. Drops 1 grain from 11 to 19inrb»sor2graiDS 
I rom 22 la 88 inches arart. 3 extra feed wheels for fertilizer at- 
tachment drills 20 to oii lbs fertilizer per acre. Ground wheel In 
front caa be raised or lowered for deep or shallow pi anttnc 
Extra rioffs can be supplied for dropping or drtllln? peas, beans, 
cnsllaee corn, etc. »»"rlte for Catalogue I 

HENCH & DPQWGOLP, York. Pa. 



Qream separators 

^^ All about them and other things for the 
dairy and creamery. A. H. REID, Philadelphia. 



Books and Reading department invites 
the girls and boys to send in lists of the 
book friends they have made since 1903 
began, to tell whether they like or dis- 
like "Water Babies," Lamb's "Tales from 
Shakespeare," and "Alice in Wonder- 
land," with reasons for their judgment, 
and to write, illustrating if they wish, 
accounts of their favorite place for read- 
ing, prizes being promised for the best 
work. The classification of books as 
"spectacles," "kaleidoscope" and "micro- 
scope" books, and the suggestions on how 
to read and test worth-while books should 
be of great help to thoughtful girls and 
boys. 



The March Lippincott's Magazine con- 
tains a new novel by the author of "Fruit 
Out of Season " This, Mary Moss' latest 
story, is called "Julian Meldohla,' and 
Lippincott's is again so fortunate as to 
secure it. It is a story of society, yet 
havirig a curious element not met with in 
the usual society novel. It is handled 
with the characteristic breeziness and re 
freshing vigor that was a strong feature 
in Miss Moss' earlier work, and critics 
predict for her a future of no ordinary 
kind. 

There are nine short stories in the 
March Lippincott's of plea-.ing variety 
and bv many names well known in mag- 
azinedom : Cy Warman's animal stories 
are as popular as are those of the "rail 
road." This, entitled "The Fidelity of a 
Dog " is strictly good "Told After Din- 
ner," by Ella Middleton Tybout, may 
'come home" to some Senator or Mem- 
ber of Congress at Washington. Phoebe 
Lyde calls her story "Tiberius the Tru- 
ant," after a pet lamb, "Tiberius." A 
peculiarly powerful tale by Clara Eliza- 
beth Ward is called "The Regeneration 
of Mary Mather." It tbrealens a tragedy 
but ends happily. "The Other >ide of 
Boss," by Jerome Case Bull, is a spirited 
story of a Western logging camp. "Pis- 
cator and the Peri," a young fisherman's 
love story, is by Henry Wysham Lanier, 
who is. by the way, a son of the gifted 
poet, Sidney Lanier. He possesses the 
family talent in a marked degree. The 
stock exchange is the scene of a remark- 
ably good story called "The Bull in 
Lamb-Skin," by Edward Childs Carpen 
ter. A story of tbe mines of Clinton 
Dangerfield, called "The Wheel of For- 
tune," is a happy illustration of the best 
man winning with a woman's timely aid. 
The March n mber closes with an en 
tr'acte entitled "Ten Minutes," by A. H. 
Shirres. 

In a paper by Mrs. Sara Yoke Steven- 
son in the March Lippincott's Magazine 
some present day abuses are lightly 
pointed out, interppersed with anecdotes. 
The title is "Intellectual Communism." 
Eben E. Rexford gives sound advice to 
cities as well as villagps in his article en- 
titled "Rural and Village Improvement 
Societies." 



THE FENCE QUESTION. 
The increased number of inquiries we 
are receiving of late in regard to the best 
and most economical means, evidences 
the fact that the question of Fencing is 
one of the most important, matters in the 
minds of the farmers today, and that 




Handy Farm Wagons 



make the work easier for both the man and team. 
The tires being wide they do notcut into the ground; 
the labor of loading is reduced many times, because 
of the short lift. They are equipped with our fam- 
ous Electric steel Wheel*, eitherstraightorstag- 
ger spokes. Wheels any height from 24 to 60 inches. 
White hickory axles, steel hounds. Guaranteed to 
carry 40U0 lbs. Why not get started rightby putting 
in one of these wagons. We make our steel wheels 
to fit any wagon. Write for the catalog. It is free. 
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., BOX 146, QUINCY, ILL. 



FARMIRB0Y5 



You can make good money selling our Economy 
Huffirleaand HJarnesa to your nei ghbors . We beat 
the world on quality and prices ~ 

and pay liberal commissions. 
Write at once for catalogue and 
agency plan. A cracker- 
jack Top Kufftfy C/fl 



for.... ..... 

J Economy Buitkj Co., * 
I Box J Clnclnnatl.Ohla* 



OUR LOW HITCH DISC HARROW 

Best, simplest, strong- 
est and most durable 
D16C Harrow made. All 
steel. Double levers. 
Low hitch. Center 
draft. All sizes 
With or with- 
out seeding 
attachments. 
Write for cir- 
c u lar s and 
prices 

TOLEDO PLOW CO 




Toledo, Ohio 




Made 

Roderick Lean ^ / SK 

FARM 

Implements. 

Made by experienced^ 
workmen of special ma-v^^ 
terial. Acknowledged by a 
farmers superior to all others. 

Sold on Their Merits. 

Spike Tooth Harrows. Spring Tooth 
Harrows. Disc Harrows 
Land Hollers. Hand Carts. I 

^Vrite for catalogue. 

RODERICK LEAN 
MFG. 
COMPANY,!. 
Mansfield, Ohio. 




Wheels 
or Shoes 
i on Rear 





Corn Planting 

must be well and carefully done, as the fu- 
ture crop depends upon if. For all purposes, 
in any soil, on all kinds of 
ground nothing equals the 

SPANGLER 
CORN PLANTER. 

It saves time, labor, money and insures the crop. %Yon 
know when it is working; you can see tbe corn on its 
way to the ground. Made with or without fertilizer 
attachment. New device f or sowinu liens, he.-ins, ensi- 
I il'p, corn. etc. We also make the la. n-.us Spangler Low. 
Down drain and Fertiliser Drill. WnM fur dialog and Ore 

I SPANGLER MANUFACTU3IH6 CO., 501 Q 8:nSt.,iork, Pa. 

UfE DtV C9C It aVEEy And expenses to men 
nt mi 9L0 A nttA wltn rjgg to mtroduce 
Poultry Compound. 

INTERNATIONAL M'F'G. CO., Parsons, Kan. 



190 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[March 




IF WE DID 
NOT KNOW 

OUR 

SPRAYER 



AND 

SPRAYING 

MIXTURE 

the Best ever de- 
vised, we would 
not buy expen- 
sive space to tell 
you about them. 
WRITE TO-DAY and we will send 
you a Book showing the benefits derived 
by the use of our Mixtures and Spray- 
ing Outfits. 

Lenox Sprayer & Chemical Co.. Inc. 



Dept. 11 



) 
PITTSFIELD, MASS. 



Get the Best 

A Good Spray Pump earns big ( 
profits and lasts for years. 

THE EGUPSE\ 

a good pump. As prac- 
tical fruit growers we I 
were using the com- 1 
mon sprayers In our I 
own orchards — found I 
their defects and then invented 
The Eclipse. Its success \ 
practically forced us into man- 
ufacturing on a large scale. 
You take no chances. We have | 
done all the experimenting. 

Large fully illustrated 
Catalogue and Treatise r 
on Spraying— FREE. * 

MORRILL & MORLET. Benton Harbor. Mich. 





A BIG CROP OF FRUIT 

and dollars in your pockets if you spray your 
trees and vines with the wonderful 

HARDIE SPRAY PUMPS 

They put the Spray on with such 
force that tree and vine is covered 
with a spray as fine as fvg and if 
utays (here. Each part ol their 
machine is fitted so accurately 
that there is no friction. ThnlV 
why they work so easy. Our cat- 
alogue tells the whole story. It is 
Free, a postal card will bring it. 

A. M. HOLLOWAY Eastern Agent 
Builders Exchange, Philadelphia 



CPRAY PUMPC 

f^B Save Money f^B 

^^ bt Buying One of Ours. ^^ 
They will do as much work, being all brass 
are lighter to handle and are more durable, 
will generate a higher pressure thereby mak- 
ing them the easiest pumps to operate on the 
market. Write for catalog and get treatise on 
spraying free. Agents wanted. Mention this 
paper. J. F. Gaylord, Successor to P. C. Lewis 
Manufacturing Company, Cat ski 1 1 . N. C. 




Krausers' Liquid 
Extract of Smoke 

J Smokes meat perfectly In a 

tew hours. Made from hickory wood. 

Di-licious flavor. Cleaner, cheaper. No 

smokehouse needed. Send forcircular. 

E. KKAl'SKK A. IHtO., Milton, Pa. 



more thought is being given to it each 
year. There is nothing a farmer can so 
foolishly waste money on, or that offers 
a greater field of economy, than the item 
of Fencing. A cheap fence in quality, as 
well as in price, is not economy, but a 
good and strictly up-to-date fence in every 
particular at a reasonably low price is 
true economy. In thfs day and age of im- 
provement the ordinary fence is not good 
enough for the the progressive farmer. 
It takes something more than the ordi- 
nary, and the fencing made by the Coiled 
Spring Fence Company, Winchester, Ind., 
it is claimed, fills all these requirements. 
All of the line wires are of high-carbon 
coiled spring wire, making it self-regula- 
ting in every particular. It is sold to the 
farmer at wholesale price, and is within 
reach of all. It is, as advertised, bull- 
strong and chicken-tight, and sold at a 
price below many of the styles of fence 
now on the market. The Coiled Spring 
Fence Company, Winchester, Ind., whose 
advertisement you will find elsewhere in 
this issue, will take pleasure in sending 
any one catalogue and full particulars 
regarding this Fencing for the asking. 

PROF. BLAIR ON SPRAY OUTFITS. 

In his address before the Apple Grow- 
ers Congress, at its first meeting in St. 
Louis in November last, Prof. Blair made 
these sensible statements in regard to 
spraying outfits : 

" I would say we must be careful about 
the apparatus we use in spraying. Just 
any old pump and any kind of nozzle 
will not do. We must have the best ap- 
paratus obtainable, and must use a pump 
of great power, to produce the mist-like 
spray which is so necessary. As commer- 
cial growers, we must consider the ad- 
visability of using more powerful pumps 
than many of us have been using. And, 
too, we must pay more attention to get- 
ting the mixture properly made. Thsse 
are the details of spraying to which I 
would call especial attention." 

The Field Force Pump Company, of 
Elmira, N. Y., claim for their sprayers 
magnificent power, which, with their ex- 
cellent nozzles, make the finest, most 
mist-like spray, covering all sides and 
every part of leaf, fruit and flower. Their 
automatic agitators keep the mixture 
thoroughly stirreJ, preventing Bpoiling 
foliage with too much poison The au- 
tomatic brushes used on their agitators 
prevents the clogging of the pump or 
nozzles. 



IN 1845 AND NOW. 

The inside front cover of the Deering 
"Golden Era" catalogue for 1903 contains 
a story without words. A section of the 
Chicago River as it was in 1846 is pic- 
tured. It shows an Indian wigwam, In- 
dians in canoes and upon the banks of 
the river ; there are no signs of civiliza- 
tion. 

On the same page is shown the river at 
the same point, aB it is to-day, full of ships 
and lined with docks. The banks con- 
tain the great Deering works, 85 acres of 
buildings and a veritable hive of indus- 
try. A marvelous change and one that 
has taken place in less than fifty years. 



vIIa ***** J 50 :^1> 







IT is beyond question the most perfect and effective 
SPRAYER and FIRE EXTINGUISHER ever 
invented, and supplies a universal want. In variety of 
service, simplicity of construction and ease of opera- 
tion, it has no equal. Ask for catatogue and price, 
which costs you nothing. AGENTS WANTED., 

F.B.SMITH MFG. CO.. 

355 MAIN ST. BUFFALO.N.Y. 



A Kant-Klog 

SPRAYER 

We want to send into every town JP »^^ «^— «^— 
and county a sample of our new r m^MLtm 
self-operating Kant-Klog Sprayer. 
No farmer, fruit or vegetable grower can afford to 
be without one. They increase crops both in quan- 
tity and quality, and double your yearly profit. 

™ A ft FRIT ft ■ $80.00 A DAY is what one 
rlUkll I ^9 ■ new agent made. Another hu 
sold and delivered 660 machines and has 100 more sold Tor 
later delivery. With thecomplete detailed instructions we send 
our agcuts any man of ordinary ability can do as well. 
For further information address, 

RochesterSprayPumpCO., 21 East Av. Rochester. K» 



» SPRAY PUMPS 

Save your fruit and make 
money. The Daisy is 15 yrs. old 
and 200,000 in use. Has every im- 
provement—rubber hose, perfect 
nozzles and valves. No l,tln 81.50; 
iron. $2 ; No. 5, brass, 84. We pay ex- 
Agents wanted. Catalogue free. 




No. 2, 
press. 



HURRA W & SON, Box 2, Wllmot, Ohio. 




FREE 



From anxiety over 
wash day, are all who 
use a DILLEY Q U E'EN 
WA HER. We guaran- 
tee it to be the best. A 
trial machine sent at 
factory price. Agents 
wanted for exclusive 
territory. Write for 

catalogue with full description. We will 

surely please you. 
LYONS WASHING MACHINE CO., Lyons, Mich. 



The WEBER " H. 

Gasoline Engi 

for tunning 
grinders, Bh rod- 
ders, cutters, 
threshers, etc. 
Free catalogue 
Rives all sizes. 
| Weber Gas & 
Gasoline Engine 

CO., BOX 123 

Kansas City, 9To. 




Mention Ui3 Southern Planter when 
writing advertisers. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHEBN PLANTER 



191 



THE "LANS I NO" PERFECT 
TUBULAR SILO 



IS THE BEST SILO MADE. 






3 

a 

> 
US 






o 

3 

a 

-4-» 

a 

o 

O 




A. M. D. HOLLOWAY, 

Builders' Exchange, Phila., Pa., D. S. A. 

Write for Catalogue and price. 



YOU OUGHT TO KNOW BETTER 

About the B. B. Stays. They make a cheap 
strong fence with barb or coil wire. Easily 
handled as nails, self locking, can't slip, 
and no machine necessary. They are made 
of heavy, hard wire, and won't wilt down. 
Try a basketful to stiffen the old fencing 
(barb or woven wire), and you will use 
nothing else to build new fence. We sell 
coil wire too. The B B FENCE c „ 

14th and Clark Sis., Racine, Wis. 



11111 



m 



fegpisaiill 



s 



m 



a 



WIRE FENCE 

Heavy lateral wires, heavy hard steel stays, 
ooiled spring wire, Sure Grip lock. In strength, 
appearance, and durability, the Hard Steal 
cannot be excelled. Write for catalogue and 
prices. THE HARD STEEL WIRE FENCE CO . 

Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio 

Genuine Spiral Spring Wire 
FENCES AND GATES 

If your dealer does not have our 

Z^. goods in stock you can buy direct 

at Manufacturers' Price. Write 

for Catalogue and secure agency. 

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO- 
Columbus, Ohio. 





Ca ves Fenced 

With Page Fence never grow into breachy cattle. 
PAGE ffOVKH .VIUK FKNCK CO., A0UIAN,3IICH. 



THE CHIEF CONSTRUCTIVE FORCE 
IN AGRLCULTURE. 
Two generations ago our grandfathers 
harvested their wheat and oat crops with 
the McCormick Reaper; and little did 
they dream that the crude machine they 
used then would be the forerunner of 
such marvellous advancement in the 
methods of harvesting; grain as has been 
developed in recent years. To-day more 
than two and one-half million agricultu- 
rists harvest their crops with McCormick 
machines. Since 1831, the year in which 
the first successful reaper was construct- 
ed in a blacksmith shop at Steele's Tav- 
ern, Va., the McCormick has been one of 
the chief constructive forces in develop- 
ing the agricultural resources of the 
world. For more than three-score years, 
the McCormick has represented the 
highest attainment in the manufacture of 
harvesting machines, and this name has 
become a household word throughout 
the world. "A Model Machine " is the 
title of a new book which has just come 
from the press. It is an interesting pub- 
lication, and should be in the hands of 
every one who needs or operates a har- 
vesting machine. When writing, please 
mention the Southern Planter, and ask for 
a 1903 McCormick Calendar, if you have 
not received one, which will be sent, to- 
gether with the book, without charge. 
Address the nearest McCormick agent. 



THE .ETNA LIFE. 

The Mtna, Life Insurance Company of 
Hartford, CoDn., publishes in another col- 
umn its fifty-third annual statement. 
This shows that the business done in 
1902 was one of noteworthy growth in 
every direction, and the resulting big 
figures put the iEtna Life as the leader 
among the great life insurance companies 
of New England. 

The total premium income for the year 
was the large sum of $10,224,260, and the 
total payments to policy holders was the 
sum of $6,368,099. 

The detailed statement of the company 
shows that the investments of the .Etna 
are conservatively and wisely made, and 
the abundant strength of the company is 
recognized by all familiar with financial 
matters. Its president, in fact, as well as 
in name, is Ex-Governor Morgan G. 
Bulkeley, who has given its affairs his 
closest attention. When he became its 
head twenty vears ago its assets were 
about $25,000,000. To-day they are about 
$63,500,000. Under his management the 
JEtn& has developed into its present great 
proportions, and it stands a proof of his 
and his associates' large business and ex- 
ecutive ability. 

THE ACME HARROW. 

Mr. Daane H. Nash, of Millington, N. 
J., the maker of this well known harrow, 
desires us to call attention to the unusu- 
ally favorable conditions under which 
this harrow is sold. It is sent to any 
farmer who will order it, and he will be 
allowed ample time to try it on any kind 
of ground under any conditions. 

As Mr. Nash has distributing points 
throughout the country, there will be no 
delay in getting a harrow promptly. 
Look up his advertisement in this issue. 



On the Sowing 

Depends the Growing. 

Both depend npon the drill. The 

Improved Low-Down Pennsylvania 
Force Feed Fertilizer Grain Drill 

Sows any kind of grain in any quantity— any kind 
of grass seed or fertilizer in any condition, be- 
cause it's force feed in fact as well as name. 
Easy on the man— it's low down. Easy on 
the horses— it's light draft. Send for free 
illustrated catalogue of farm implements 
and machinery. 

A. B. Farquhar Co., Ltd. 
York, Pa. 




Announcement 

We have obtained the Court's decree against two 
additional manufacturers who have been infring- 
ing our patent. The rule of law is : "The maker, 
seller or user of an infringing device are all liable 
in damages to the owner of the patent infringed." 
The Janesville Machine Co. and the Keystone 
Karm Machine Co. are the only firms licensed to 
use a flat tooth covered by our patent, and we 
finally warn sellers and users of all other makes. So 
admirably have the 60,000 "Hallock" Weedersdone 
the work for which they were designed-that one 
maker after another sought to copy it. However, 
by the various Courts' decisions, these makers are 
compelled to abandon the manufacture of a 
Weeder having flat teeth, and they are now ex- 
perimenting with other shapes: but it is the flat 
tooth that made the "Hallock" Weeder famous, 
and in view of the manner in which our patent has 
been sustained, it is dangerous to use an infringing 
tooth. Write tor descriptive circulars and prices. 

HALLOCK WEEDER & CULTIVATOR CO., 
Box 839 York, Pa. 




LAWN FENCE 

Many designs. Cheap a 
wood. 32 page Catalogue 
free. Special Prices to Ccme- 
te rleh and Churches. Address 
COILED SPRING FENCE CO. 
Box Q,, Winchester, lad. 



Spring / \A /W7\ 7\ 7"\/\/\/\/\/\'\/\/\/\ 

Vi e r e e l >♦' INDIANA STEEL& WIRE CO. 




FENCE! 




STRONGEST 

MADE. Bun- 
strong. Chiekenv 
tight. Sold to the Farmer at Wholesale 
Price*. Polly Warranted. Catalog Free, 

COILED SPRING FENCE CO., 
Box iS Winchester, Indiana, 0. 8. A. 



WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT 

and sand 4 lluggy Wheels, Staal Tira oa, ■ *?.2S 
With Bnbbar Tires, $15.00. I mfg. wheels H to 4 la. 
tread. Top Buggies, $28.75; Harness, J3.60. Write fof 
catalogue. Learn how to buy vehicles and parts direot 
Wagon Umbrella FREE. W. V. BOOB, Cincinnati, O. 



192 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



| Ma. cii 



Salzer's Rape, 
gives Rich, 



250 i 

ton. 



SPELTZ- 

f#JK0VIi:il isi'! 

SEEDS 

' SALZER'S SESDS NEVER. FAIL! 

1,000,600 Customers 

Proudest record of any seedsman on earth, 
and yet we are reaelunc out for more. We 
<li Biro, l>y July l.-t, 3(hi,ooo more and hence 
tins unprecedented oiler. 

$10.00 for BOc. 

We will mail upon receipt of 10c. in stamps 
our (Treat catalogue, worth $1<)0.00 to any 
wide awake farmer or gardener to- 
gether with many farm seed samples, 
Jleosuita, Heardless Barley, Bromus, 
Bape.etc., etc. .positively worth 

$10.00 to get a start with, 
*■■— ■ upon receipt of butlOe.. 

adv. with ^'^Jr«w5PW l ^HffiP»* 1 ^ alone, !>. 
loc. to .s;'.lzer.^*^S4sS3|fliilJS12M<*'^ Send at once. 



<^»> 



For Every Climate. 

That Js our business. We grow and sell you what 
has been developed and is adapted to your par- 
ticular section. North. South, East and West. 

GRIFFITH & TURNER'S 

TESTED SEEDS 

do not depend on deceptive in?fchods to sell 
them. A dollar's worth of seed for every dollar, 
of plump, fresh, live seeds that make crops. We 
carry a complete line of Farm, Harden, Poultry and 
Dairy Supplies. Write for large new catalog No. 10, 
free. Handsomer than ever: contains much infor- 
mation. Every Farmerand Gardener should have it. 

GRIFFITH & TURNER COMPANY, 
206 N. Paca Street, Baltimore, Maryland. 



SEEDS. 

SEED POTATOES, 

GARDEN SEED, 

FIELD SEED. 

D.GOS & BEADLES, Seedsmen, 

1711 E. Franklin St., 
RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA. 

Send fo Catalogue. 



FIVE=EAR CORN 

I have been planting this corn for 4 
or 5 years, and never expect to plant 
any other kind. On ordinary land It 
makes from 25 to 30 bushels per acre. 
On 1% acres last year I gathered over 
70 bushels. It is a firm, white corn, 
and keeps well; ears under medium 
siz°. Averages about three ears to the 
stalk, some stalks having as many as 
five and six ears. Every farmer ought 
to plant, it. .Send 15 cents in stamps 
for a start. — enought to make j ou two 
or three but-hels. Will send one peck 
by express, collect, for 75 cents. 

W. M. HOBBY, - Sylvania, Qa. 

GINSENG SEED 

We offer for tale a limited quantity of fresh 
seed, which we guarantee to be first quality, 
$10 per 1,000. Address 

COMMERCIAL GIHSEKG CO., Crozet, Va. 



THIRTY-SIX YEARS OF CONTIN- 
UOUS SUCCESS. 
Just think what that means. Thirty- 
six long yea-s in business, each year 
more successful than the previous one, 
with never a backward movement, always 
growing larger, ever increasing in popu 
Tar favor. How many that were doing 
business thirty-six years ago are even in 
existence to-day? Very, very few. In 
this age of development and fierce com- 
petition, a concern must do business 
right, treat its customers right and sell 
what is right, to even hold its own. much 
less advance. To do otherwise means 
that the concern of to-day is likely to be 
out of the running to-morrow. The grave- 
yard of business failures is full to over- 
flowing. But thirty-six years of contin- 
uous success and still growing. Think 
of it! How has it been accou plished? 
In just one way. By selling absolutely 
pure whiskey, direct from our own dis- 
tillery to the consumer, saving him the 
enormous profits of the dealers, and car- 
rying out to the letter every statement or 
offer we make, thereby creating a confi- 
dence with our over a quarter of a mil- 
lion satisfied customers that cannot be 
broken. Read our offer elsewhere in 
this journal. The Hayner Distilling Co. 



" THIRTY YEARS SELLING 
DIRECT." 
This is the headline with which our 
friends the Elkhart Carriage and Harness 
Manufacturing Co. of Elkhart, Ind., an- 
nounces their readiness for this season's 
campaign. To have been continuously 
in business for so long a time and all that 
time to have been selling direct to the 
consumer, is in itself noteworthy and 
speaks loader than anything else of the 
high quality of their goods and their 
honorable and liberal methods in deal- 
ing with their customers. The Elkhart 
people make every vehicle and harness 
they sell, and sell only to the consumer. 
Their catalogue is illustrated with large 
photographic views of the latest styles, 
and will be sent free to any reader of this 
journal. Write to-day and address as 
above. 



MARCH ON! 
The artistic hanging calendar of the 
Champion Harvesters begins with the 
spring month and carries one clear 
through to the next spring. It shows a 
handsome farm team refreshing them- 
selves at the watering trough, and is in 
brilliant colors and handsome enough to 
please every one. This art calendar is 
offered free to all of our readers who will 
send their name on a postal to Champion 
Division, International Harvester Co. of 
America, Chicago, and make request for 
same. We know this is an opportunity 
of which many will take advantage. 



1,000,000 CUSTOMERS. 

The J. A. Salzer Seed Company, of La 
Crosse, Wis., claim to have this vast 
number of patrons. When you ^ome to 
think of it, there must be a "why." An 
inspection of their new catalogue might 
throw some light on the subject. Send 
for it, and refer to their advertisements 
and see what tempting offers they make. 




To the Acre. 

Egyptian Clover — Direct from the 
Kile Valley. 
Imported by us into the United States for the 
first time. Ready to cut 48 days after sow- 
ing. First cutting 14 tons, second cutting 15 
tons, thiid, 13 tons of areen forage per acre, 
all in one season. The Dept. oi Agriculture 
at Washington publishes a special bulletin 
endorsing it. The supply of seed is limited. 
Write at once if interested. Price per lb. 
30c; 10 lbs, 82.50; 100 lbs, $20.00. 

LARGE ILLUSTRATED CATALOG 

describing this vonderful Clover and a thou- 
sand other things of great value to the 
Farmer or Gardener, mailed free. Write now. 



APPLE TREES 

The Bonavista Nurseries will have some- 
exceptionally fine apple trees for orchard this 
year. Wine Saps, Paragon (M. B. Twig), 
York Imperial (J. F. Winter), Albemarle 
Pippin, etc. 

We did not have a complaint last season. 
Every tree is perfect and guaranteed, taken 
from the nursery block the day it is shipped, 
carefully packed. 

Our prices are the lowest. 

CHAS. F. HACKETT, Manager, 

Greenwood, Va. 

Georgia Melon Seed. 

'• HOW TO GROW MELONS," 
FREE. 

Write for prices of Select 
Pure Melon Seed. 

B. W. STONE & CO., Thomas ville, Ga. 

Mention The Southern Planter. 

Strawberry Plants 

We grow them on virgin soil, conse- 
quently they are free from disease and 
true to name. Leaf ing varieties, $1.65 

Eer 1,000 and up. Every one says we 
aye the finest plant/ bed they ever saw. 
25 acres in plants. Circular free. 
JOHN tIGHTFOOT, - Sherman Heights, Tenn. 



MONEY IN STRAWBERRIES 

If you get Good Plants. One of my cus- 
tomers the past season sold $600.00 worth of 
Strawberries from one acre. I sold him the 
plants for $20. You can do the same if you 
buy the best— and that's theftind I have. 
Catalog ! H. LIGHTF00T, Chattanooga. Tenn. 



LATE SEED IRISH POTATOES 

FOR SALE. 

1902 was another good year for the 
CLAREMOIST PEACHBLOW POTATOES. 

A late variety, has been grown here for 10 
yrs. or more, and never failed to make a crop 
when planted July first, yields from 150 to 25* 
bu». to the acre. See description in last May 
issue of this paper. Price, $3.50 per bbl., f. o. b. 
here, as long as stock last. 

J. M. HUGHES, Claremont. Surry Coun'y.Va. 

Mention the Soudhern Planter when coir 
responding with advertisers. 



1903. J 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTEB. 



193 



ELMWOOD NURSERIES. 



ASPARAGUS 

100,000 2-yr.-old Asparagus roots, 
5 varieties A special rate of $3. 50 
per 1000 for 2 mos. for BARR'S, 
PALMETTO, CONOVER. 

APPLES 

A large general assortment, in- 
cluding WINESAPS and YORK 
IMPERIALS. 

Splendid Assortment of 

Ornamental, Shade 

and Fruit Trees. 



EGGS 



from B. P. Recks, Light 
Brahmas, Brown Leg- 
horns at $1 00 per 13. 



WRITE FOR OUR CATALOGUE 



J. B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va. 

WINESAPS 

I have for sale several blocks of the 
finest two-year old Winesaps Apple trees 
ever grown in the State The trees are 
well branched and measure from five to 
eight feet in height Trees are dug from 
the nursery the day they are shipped. 

8c each for the finest in lots under 100. 

7c. " " " " " over 100. 

6 to 7c. wholesale. 

CHAS. F. HACKETT, Manager, 

Bonavista Nurseries, 
Albemarle County, Greenwood, Va. 

ONION SEED. 

We are large growers of Onion Seed, 

and can quote attractive prices. 
Write us when you are ready to buy. 
Established 1876. 



SCHILDER BROS. 



Chillicothe, O. 



Improved Golden Dent. Ears measur- 
ing from 10 to 14 inches in length. 
Price, $1.00 per bushel, 
J. F. DURRETTE, Birdwood. Alemarle Co., Va. 



300 bushels of Albemarle Prolific Corn, 

$1.00 per bus. at d»-pot. 

L. B. JOHNSON. • Red Hill. Albemarle Co., Va. 

MARK YOUR STOCK. 

Use the 

KENTUCKY ALUMINUM EAR LABEL. 

Made by F. H. Jackson & Co., Winchester, 
Ky. Write to them for free samples. 



POPULARITY OF THE "IRON AGE" 
FARM IMPLEMENTS. 
The fact that "Iron Age" Farm and 
Garden Implements are built of good 
materials, on Pound mechanical princi- 
ples, and that they contain all the latest 
improvements, is what has made them 
famous from one end of the country to 
the other. So great has been the de- 
mand for these products, that the manu- 
facturers found the greatest difficulty the 
past season in supplying it. And fore- 
seeing, for the season just opening, an 
even greater call upon their resource?, 
these have been greatly enlarged, both 
plant, machinery and stock of raw mate- 
rials, and they are now able to meet any 
demands that may be made upon them. 




No. 6 Iron Age Combined Double and Single 
Wheel Hoe Hill and Drill Seeder. 

The manufacturers of the Iron Age 
tools have just issued an enlarged cata- 
logue, showing more completely than 
any previous one, their full line. Old 
friends among farm and garden imple 
ments are there found, but to the num- 
ber are added many new and interesting 
members of the family, which must still 
further extend the fame an I sale of the 
"Iron Age" tools. 

Any one interested should obtain a 
copy of this Iron Age Book for 1903 by 
writing to the Bateman Mfg. Co., Box 
167, Grenloch, N. J. 

A LONG RIDE. 

" Old Salt" was interested in the first 
railroad that was built in the State — a 
very crude line, forty miles in length. 

After it had been operated for years 
the company was sued for damages. Old 
Salt was called as a witness for the de 
fence. Counsel asked a question during 
his examination of Salt which seemed to 
the judge to make it proper for p aintiff's 
counsel to go into the general reputation 
of the road. He asked if it were not true 
that numerous accidents had happened 
on the line. 

" N-n-never knew but wu-wu wu-one," 
was the answer. 

"And what was that, Mr. Williams? 
Explain the character of it in fall, please." 

"A mi-mi-mi-middle aged gi-gi-gi girl 
got on the t-t-t-train at P-p-p-Pontiac, and 
d-d-d-died of old age before she got to 
De-de de Detroit." — Henry M. Wiltse, in 
Lippincolt's Magazine for March. 

Poet— That fool editor said I would 
never write well until I had a great sor- 
row, but I showed him. 

Wife— Showed him what ? 

Poet — Our wedding certificate. 



To make cows par, use Sharpie* Cream Separators- 
Book "Business Dairying " * Cat. 305 free. W. 
Chester, Pa. 




9 AUl IflOC Oflll C and other insects cam 
ttfiR liUuL UUALl be controlled by ualma 

Good's Caustic Potash Whale 
Oil Soap, No. 3. 

It also prevents Curl Leaf. Endorsed by en- 
tomologists. This soap Is a fertilizer as w«ll 
as insecticide. 50 lb. kegs, $2.50 ; 100 lb. kegr 
$4.50. Half barrels, 270 lbs. at 3%c. per lb. ; 
barrels, 425 lbs., at zyic. Large quantities, 
special rates. Bend for circular. 

JAMES GOOD. 

939-41 N. Front St., Philadelphia, pa. 



FRAZER 



c Axle Grease 



Best in 
the world. 

1 Its wearing qualities are unsurpassed, ao- \ 

• tually outlasting 3 bxs. any other brand, , 

Not affected by heat. 49~6et the Genuine. 

FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS. 



LIME 



AGRICULTURAL 
and BUILDERS' 

Send for Circulars and Price-List. 

FELLSWORTH LIME WORKS 

REEVES CATT, Agent, 
Bodley, Augusta County, Va. 

S.BJDKINS&CO. 



£ 



4 and 6 Governor Street, 
RICHMOND, VA. 

EXPERT BOOKBINDERS 



and Commercial Printers. 



194 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTKli. 



[March 



Life and Accident Insurance. 



gg d ANNUAL STATEMENT. 

( Condensed.) 

/Etna Life 

Insurance Company, 

HARTFORD, CONN. 



MORGAN G. BULKELEY, President. 



Assets, Jan. 1, 1903, - - $63,493,545.73 

Premium receipts in 1902, - 10,224,280.93 

Interest receipts in 1902, - 2,592,539. 16 

Tolal receipts in 1902, - - 12,816,800 09 

Payment to Policy Holders 
in 1902, 6,368,099.76 

Legal Reserve, on Policies, 
and all claims, - . - 55,879,111.68 

Special Reserve in addition 

to Reserve above given, - 2,113,933.00 

-Guarantee Fund in ex- 
cess of Requirements 
b Company's Stanct- 
ard » 5,500,501.05 

Guarantee Fund in ex- 
cess of Legal Require- 
ments, .... 7,694,434.05 

Life Insurance issued and 
revived in 1902, - - . 30,489,838.00 

Life Insurance in force 
Jan 1, 1903, .... 213,762,977.00 

Accident Insurance in 
force Jan. 1, 1903, - -199,550,204.00 

Paid Policy holders since organization, 

$132,383,973 96. 



MEIGS & HEISSE, Mgrs., 
Herald Building, Baltimore, Md 

W. W HAflDWICKE, 
General Agent for Eastern and Cen- 
tral Virginia, 
No. 7 N. Tenth St , Richmond, Va. 

J. B. MOORE & CO., 
Gen. Agents, Accident Department 



Practical poultryman desirescorespondence 
* w,. men havln e capital with a view of es- 
tablishing a Pekin Duck RANCH-raising 
ducklings for the early markets. Many having 
K? e . m £ ans and wat er facilities do not realize 
that there is such a large profit on the capital 
invested in this business. Best of references 
as to ability and character. Address 
C. J., CARE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 

PALMORE'S 

Law and Collection Association, 

Established 1884. Claims collected 
in all parts of the United States. 
No collection — no charge. 

P. 0. Box 503. 905^ East Main Street, 
RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 

A NEAT BINDER for your back 
numbers can be had for 25 cents. Ad- 
dress the Business Office. 



AN OPEN LETTER FROM DR. 
GREGORY. 

Gkeensboro, N. C, Jan. 1, 1903. 

Col. W. H. Osborn, President 

The Keeley Institute, Greensboro, N. C. : 

Dear Colonel,— I send you this letter to 
congratulate you on the success of your 
work with The Keeley Institute. 
_ Like all other good and grand discove- 
ries and inventions in the healing art, 
The Keeley Treatment, now so well known 
and successfully used, met with bitter op- 
position, but it has lived and flourished, 
proving that " Truth is mighty and will 
prevail." 

Eleven years ago, October, 1S91, The 
Keeley Institute was opened in Greens- 
boro, N. C, under your management. 
Being a practicing physician of the city, 
and having the pleasure of the acquaint- 
ance of the gentlemanly officers of the 
Institute, and feeling the greatest interest 
in the practical testing of the discovery 
of Dr. Keeley, I watched with close care 
the results ; and I unhesitatingly say, that 
from my personal knowledge and personal 
observation of the Keeley Treatment, in 
cases in which it is indicated, that it is 
the best and most successful plan of cure 
now known. Facts prove the truth and 
value of it. 

Year after year the good work and suc- 
cess have rewarded your efforts. Business 
has steadily increased. The year just 
ended shows a registration of 207 patients 
with a total of 3,500 since the Institute 
was opened. Over 100 men from Greens- 
boro and Guilford county have been cured 
and returned to their families and homes, 
and patients have been received from 
nearly every State in the Union. It 
would be a great pleasure if I could tell 
of the joyful and glad hearts this Insti- 
tute has made, but I know that words 
cannot express the gratitude teat the 
many wives, mothers, children, and 
friends have felt at the restoration of 
their loved ones. In my own heart 1 re- 
joice with you and ask God's blessings on 
The Keeley Institute and its officers. 

In the management of the Institute 
every auxiliary is used. The officers 
know that the patient is diseased from 
drink or drugs, or both, and the co opera- 
tion of the patient must be had in his 
treatment. He is a sick man, and must 
be treated as such under the direction and 
guidance of that skilled resident physi- 
cian — Dr. B. B. Williams. 

The Institute is an ideal home, the 
splendid residence of Gov. Morehead,with 
all to make it attractive and every com- 
fort and convenience which modern in- 
vention has brought out. In connection 
with the Institute and for its use is a 
magnificent farm with its fine Jersey cat- 
tle, poultry, etc., to supply the Institute 
with the necessaries and luxuries to build 
up the broken-down man. 

It is a wise and essential requirement 
that the patient must reside in the Insti- 
tute while undergoing treatment, where 
all necessary influences ran be brought 
to bear upon him and under the kind and 
watchful care of its officers. 

Now, in conclusion, I congratulate you 
again, and assure that I feel the deepest 
interest in the Institute and its continued 
success and prosperity, and will always 



SCRATCH! 

SCRATCH! 

SCRATCH ! 

From morning till night. Hot ! Itch- 
ing ! Sore ! Ashamed to be seen 1 Face 
covered with pimples. Hair falling out! 
Who isn't sorry for the sufferer from 
eczema ? 

And it is so unnecessary ! There's a 
cure for eczema as sure as to-morrow will 
follow today. YAGER'S SARSAPA- 
RILLA WiTH CELERY gets right 
down to the source of the disease — the 
blood. It draws out the impurities, 
which otherwise would come through 
the skin. It puts functional activity in 
such perfect order that each part of the 
system does it work and does it well. 

A. A. Wilson, of Portsmouth, Va., 
was afflicted with eczema and itching 
sores. He writes : " Permit me to thank 
you for the great benefit I have derived 
from the tak ing of YAGER'S SARSA- 
PARILLA WITH CELERY. My body 
was broken out all over with pimples 
and sores; and my flesh constantly 
itched. I heard of YAGER'S SARSA- 
PARILLA WITH CELERY, and the 
wonderful cure it has made for others, 
and concluded to give it a trial Tne re- 
sults are most satisfactory. My face is 
becoming as smooth as an infant's." 

If you are troubled in any way with 
any disease resulting from impure blood, 
you can absolutely rely on YAGER'S 
SARSAPARILLA to effect a cure. Try 
it. You can get it at anv drug store, 60 
cents a bottle. Made by Gilbert Bros., 
Baltimore, Md. 



IT STOPS 
THE COUGH 

" The quickest remedy for a cough I 
ever saw," is the way one Maryland 
maiden expresses her appreciation of 
HONEY-TOLU. It stops the cough al- 
most instantly. It cures the cold 
quickly. It benefits the health perma- 
nently. Sold by all druggists. 25c. a bot. 

GILBERT BROS. & CO., 

BALTIMORE, MD. 
WHAT ABOUT _ 

GLEASON'S 

HORSE AND CATTLE 

POWDER? 

HAVE YOU TRIED IT YET? 



1903. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



195 



Tobacco Profit 

Seventy-one dollars and twenty 
cents per acre was the in- 
crease in value of the tobac- 
co grown at the Kentucky 
Agricultural Experiment 
Station, by feeding the 
growing crop with one 
hundred and sixty 
pounds of 



NITRATE 
OF SODA 

costing less than 
four dollars. 

Every tobacco farmer 
is interested in know- 
ing how it was done; 
every farmer can do as 
well or better. 

Your name and ad- 
dress on a Post Card 
will bring our Bulletin " Food for Plants, 
telling about this and other actual trials. 
WILLIAM 8. MYERS, Director, 
Room IS John Street, NEW YORK. 




A Package of the Famous 

American Stock Food 



FREE, 



Send us the names of ten of the best 
farmers and stock raisers in your vi- 
cinity, and we will mail you, post-paid, 
a sample package of American Stock 
Food. 

THIS IS THE COMING STOCK FOOD. 

Every package guaranteed. 

Every fu 1-iized package has on it 
picture of Uncle Sam. None genuine 
without. 

AMERICAN STOCK FOOD CO ., Fremont, Ohio. 



Fistula and 
Poll Evil. . . 



You can 
treat these 
d i seases 
yo urself 
and cure them in 15 to 30 days. Flem- 
ing's Fistula and Poll Evil Cure is easy 
to apply, perfectly safe to use, and 
your money is promptly refunded if It 
should ever fail to cure. 

Interesting Booklets Free. 

We have two booklets to send you. 
One tells about Fistula, Poll Evil, 
Spavin, Ringbone, Curb, Splint, Knee- 
Sprung, Lump Jaw, etc., with instruc- 
tions how to cure them. 

The other proves that you can cure 
them. Write to-day. 

FLEMING BROS., Chemists, 
22 Union Stock Yards. • Chicago, III. 



Feeds ^ Feeding 



v 



Prof. Henry's Great Book for 
Farmers and Stockmen. 

Delivered anywhere for - - #2.00 
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2'26 



take pleasure in doing anything in my 
power to direct in the future, as I have 
done in the past, the poor unfortunates to 
The Keeley Institute, Greensboro, N. C. 

With my highest regards and best 
wishes for your continued success in the 
future. I am very truly yours, -^^ 

R. K. Gregory, M. D., Greensboro, N. C. 



A MIDNIGHT MISHAP. 

Uncle Ned returned from his 'possum- 
hunt about midnight, bringing with him 
a fine, fat 'possum. He built a glowing 
fire, dressed the 'possum, pared and split 
the sweet potatoes, and pretty soon he 
had the "'possum an' 'taters" in the 
oven. While the meal was cooking Uncle 
Ned amused himself with his favorite 
old banjo. When the 'possum had been 
brown and crisp, he took it out of the 
oven and sat it on the hearth to give it 
time to cool. Mentally congratulating 
himself upon the glorious repast he 
thought soon to enjoy, he sat silently for 
awhile in the old arm-chair, but presently 
was snugly wrapped in the arms of "tired 
nature's sweet restorer — balmy sleep." 

It happened that two young fellows 
who were pretty well acquainted with 
Uncle Ned's habits had been stealthily 
watching about the house, waiting this 
particular chance. As soon as they were 
convinced that the old man was safe in 
the arms of Morpheus, they crept into the 
house and hurriedly helped themselves 
to Uncle Ned's supper, including even 
the coffee and bread. When they finished 
the hasty meal, by way of attempting to 
cover up their tracks they smeared Uncle 
Ned's hands and mouth with the 'possum 
gravy and then beat a retreat. 

After a time Uncle Ned aroused from 
his peaceful slumber. It is needless to 
say that he had dreamed about his sup- 
per. At once he dived down to inspect 
the viands, when, li and behold, the 
hearth was empty ! Uncle Ned steadied 
himself and studied awhile. 

"Well,' said he finally, 'T must 'a' et 
dat 'possum ; I must 'a' et dat 'possum in 
my sleep !" r^JJ > 

He looked at his hands. They were 
greasy. He smelt his hands. As he did 
so he said : 

"Dat smells lak 'possum grease ! I sho 
must 'a' et dat 'possum." 

He discovered grease on his lips. Out 
went his tongue. 

"Dat tas'es lak 'possum grease," he said. 
He got up. He loosed about the room. 
There was no sign of intruders. He 
rubbed his stomach. He resumed his 
seat, and, giving up all for lost, he said : 

"Well, ef I did eat dat 'possum, it sets 
lightah on my appertite dan any 'possum 
I eveh et befo'."— Silas Xavier Floyd, 
in the March LippincoWs. 



One day the mate of a trading'schooner, 
overhauling the log, found that the cap- 
tain had written in it, "Mate drunk to- 
day " The mate expostulated with the 
captain, eaying, "Wt.at is the use of put- 
ting that down ?" The captain said : "It 
happened. Why shouldn't I write it 
down?" The next day the mate wrote 
the log, in which afterward the captain 
found the record, "Captain sober to-day." 

Mention the Southern Plamter when cor- 
responding with advertisers. 



Warranted 

to give satisfaction. 




GOMBAULT'S 

CAUSTIC BALSAM 

A safe, speedy and 
positive cure for 

Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Capped Hock, 
Strained Tendons, Founder, Wind Puffs, 
and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone 
and other bony tumors. Cures all skin 
diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtheria. 
Removes all Bunches from Horses or 
Cattle. 

As a HITMAN REMEDY for Rheu- 
matism, Sprain*, Sore Throat, etc., It 

is invaluable. 

Every bottle of Cauntlc Balaam sold is 
Warranted to give satisfaction. Price SI. SO 
per bottle. Sold by druggists, or sent by ex- 
press, charges paid, with full directions for its 
use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo- 
nials, etc. Address 
THE LAWRENCE- WILLIAMS COMPANY, Cleveland, Ohio. 



FOUT2-S 

HORSE and CATTLE 
POWDER^ 



SOLD 
.EVERYWHERE./ 



IN HORSES 

IT WILL CURE 
Chronic Cough. Heaves, 
tnfluenia. Distemper. 
Hidebound. Indigestion 
and all Stomach and 
Dowel Trouble Re- 
stores Lost Appetite 
Expels Worms. Pre- 
vents Colicky attacks 



IN HOGS 



Cough, Scours. Indigestion. 
Cholera. Etc Starts Stunts, 



'IN CATTLE 

: Hoven, Lost or 
Depraved Appetite. In- 
digestion, Conitipati 
Etc. While Sew 

and Rickets 
I Suppi 



and 

cilves. 

MB 

cows and increases 



g the I quantity ol milk tad 
ilcs and the only one which in- 



wholesome food. 

be Finest of all animal vitaliiers and to 
s the coefficient of digestibility of protei 
5 Pkgs. $1.00. 12 Pk K s. $2.00. Charges Paid. 

Get the Genuine of lead to us. Pamphlet No. g free 

DAVID t. FOUTZ. B.lllmor., Hd 




flewton*i Heave, lough, Dla- 
temperand I o digestion Car*. 
A veterinary speoifio for wind, 
throat and stomach trouble* 
Strong; recommends. fl P°« 
oau. Dealers, mail or Ex. paid. 
Newton Hone Remedy to. 
f T ' Toledo. Ohio. 



iSHffirE 

GREENSBORO, N.C. 

For the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE .nd 
other Drug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaustion 



196 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[March 



UnMCC AND THE PLACE TO 
nUlflCO FIND THEM._^> 

No place in the United States can a man 
do so well at farming, for the money in- 
vested, as in Virginia. Lands are cheap ; 
climate good, and the best of markets 
close at hand. It is the State of all 
others, for a comfortable all the year 
round home. The James River Valley 
Colonization and Improvement Company 
offer superior advantages to land pur- 
chasers. For free 36 page land pamphlet, 

Oil (] vpoo 

W. A. PARSONS, Vinita, Va. 



TO HOMESEEKERS. 

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING 
IN VIRGINIA" 

Is the title of a new pamphlet Issued by the 
.Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We 
will gladly mail you a copy. 

W. B. BEVILL, PAULSCHERER,*gt., 

G P. A , Lands <ind Immigration, 
Roanoke, Va. 

WE HAVE A LARGE LIST OF 

FRUIT, POULTRY and TRUCK FARMS. 

Ten, Fifty and One Hundred Acres each, with 
good buildings, close to steam and trolley 

lines, easy access to the city. Also 

GRAIN AND STOCK FARMS 

From 100 to 1,000 acres at low prices, all the 

way from $5 to $50 per acre. Write for 

Catalogue. 

THE VIRGINIA LAND AGENCY. Richmond, a. 

J. R. Hockaday, Manager. 

FOR SALE AT A BARGAIN. 

A fine farm or 270 acres, in Mecklenburg Co., 
one and one-half mile from station on So. Ry , 
five miles east of Boydton. Has new 8 room 
dwelling, large new ►table, 6 barns, large pack 
house, cabin, crib, shops, etc., all in good re- 
pair—as place has been cleared up in past 7 
yrs. Place paid nearly $1,000 rent last year. 
Any one wantlDg a first-class place at a low 
price Address 

S. J. TURPIN & CO., - Antlers, Va. 

IF YOU WISH TO SELL 

OR. BUY 

VIRGINIA LANDS 

Communicate with us. Write for free 
" Virginia Real Estate Journal,'' con- 
taining many splendid bargains. 
R. B. CHAFFIN & CO.. Inc , 

No. I N. 10th St., Richmond, Va. 



I WANT TO RENT (Money Rent) 

A small dairy, poultry and truck farm (with 
or without stock and implements), with a view 
of buying in the fall. If already well-equipped, 
would take it on a reasonable profit-sharing 
principle. Close to R. R. or good city, or both, 
prefene I. Would want possession April 1. 
Address FARMEBi care southern Planter. 



"PIEDMONT «*&»• 

Good land, climate, markets, shipping fa- 
cilities, churches, schools, good health, mode- 
rate prices, easy terms. 

MACON & CO., - Orange, Va . 

/ Can Sell Your Farm 

no matter where Tit Is. Send description, state price and 
^".."iv Est - »*• HI K h «i« references. Offices In 14 cities. 

W. Ai. 0*trander,i885N. A. Bid*., Philadelphia 



JESTS OF SENATORS. 

Incidents of the Lighter Side of Life 
in the Senate. 

John C. Calhoun, when Vice President, 
did not believe that, as the presiding 
officer of the Senate, he had any right to 
call Senators to order for words spoken 
in debate. John Randolph of Roanoke 
abused this license by opening a speech 
with the words : "Mr. Speaker— I mean 
Mr. President of the Senate, and would- 
be President of the United States— 
which God, in his infinite mercy, avert," 
and then launching into one of his char- 
acteristic tirades. 

Calhoun's name recalls nullification. 
When this heresy was at its most ram- 
pant stage, the Noithern Senators de- 
pended largely upon John Holmes, of 
Maine, as champion of their side of the 
chamber, on account of his ready wit. 
John Tyler tried to badger him one day 
by asking what had become of that po- 
litical firm once mentioned by Randolph 
as "James Madison, Felix Grundy, John 
Holmes and the devil." 

"The partnership," answered Mr. 
Holmes, promptly, " has been legally 
dissolved. The senior member is dead ; 
the second has gone into retirement : the 
third now addresses you ; and the last 
has gone over to the nullifiers, and is 
electioneering among the honorable Sen- 
ator's constituents." 

Clay and Webster were not habitual 
humorists, but both had the gift of enter- 
taining as well as enthralling their audi- 
ences. Clay ran most to illustrative an- 
ecdote. While he was in the House, a 
prominent politician deserted the Whig 
party in the hope of starting a general 
revolt. To his dismay, he found himself 
quite alone, and then bent all his ener- 
gies to getting back into good standing. 
The incident reminded Clay of a story. 
Said he : 

"A stage-coach took aboard a passen- 
ger who insisted upon riding with the 
driver, and who diligently drew upon the 
contents of a bottle carried in his great- 
coat pocket. When his potations at last 
overcame him, he fell off. The coach 
stopped long enough for some charitable 
travelers to alight and pull the poor fel- 
low out of the mud. 

"'Ha!' he exclaimed, as he looked 
down at his tattered garments, ' we had 
quite a [hie] turnover, didn't we? ' " 

"'Oh, no,' answered one of his rescu- 
ers, ' there was no turnover. You only 
fell off.' " 

"'I say,' he persisted, 'there was a 
[hie] turnover, and I leave it to the com- 
pany." 

'' Every one joined in assuring him that 
the coach had not upset. 

"'Well,' he remarked ruefully, as he 
tried to climb back to his former perch, 
'if I'd known that [hie] I wouldn't have 
got off.' " 

On a certain afternoon, the Senate 
clock got a fit of striking in the midst of 
one of Webster's most effective speeches. 
After it had struck fourteen or fifteen, 
WebBter held up one finger. "Mr. Pres- 
ident," said he, "the clock is out of order. 
I have the floor. — Leupp's Humors of Con- 
gress, in March Century, 



Virginia Farms 

All prices and sizes. Free list on application. 
WM. B. PIZZINI CO., Richmond, Va. 



GO SOOTH 



For full particulars 

write A. JEPPERS, 

Norfolk, Va. 



WIRGIfOA FARMS 

$3 PER ACRE AND UPWARDS. 

Easy Payments. Catalogue Free. 

HKO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Vs. 

Established 1876. 



riNF F4RMQ ln tbe e re at fruit grain and 
IlilL inniTIU stock section of VIRGINIA. 

Best climate and water in the TJ. S. Near 
great markets, with best educational advan- 
tages. For further information, address 

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO., 
Sam'i. B. Woods, Pres. Charlottesville, Va. 

-FARMS- 
ORCHARDS and HOMES 

In the best fruit and agricultural 
sections of Virginia. 
Virginia Booklet and information free. 

J. W. APPERSON & BRO., Yancey Mills, Va. 
FOR SALE. 

"DAIRY and POULTRY FARM." 

Large house, plenty of outbuildings in good 
order, 30% acres of highly improved land, with 
stock, crops and all equipments, 6 miles from 
Richmond. A bargain can be secured in this 
property. Address 

"DAIRY," care Southern Planter. 



'Crop Growing 
§ Crop Feeding" 

BY PROF. W. F. MASSEY. 
383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper, 60c. 



We offer this splendid work in connec- 
tion with the Southern Planter 
at the folllowing prices : 

Southern Planter and Cloth 

Bound Volume, $1.26 

Southern Planter and Paper 

Bound Volume, 90c. 

Old or new subscriptions. 



The RICHMOND, FREDERICKSBURG 

and POTOMAC R. R. 
and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y 

Form the Link connecting the 

Atlantic Cost Line R. R., 

Baltimore and Ohio R. R., 

Chesapeake and Ohio R'y, 

Pennsylvania R. R., 

Seaboard Air Line R'y 

and Southern R'y. 

Between all points, via Richmond, Va. 

Fast Mail. Passenger arc d Express Route be- 
tween Richmond, Frederlcksourg, Alexan- 
dria, Washington, Baltimore. Philadelphia, 
New York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo an d All 
Points North, East and West. 

W. P. TAYLOR, Traffic Manager, Richmond, V» 



W«3.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



197 



HowToMakeMoney 

With Poultry and Incubators. - 

Th.it Is the title of our new w:i book— IBS] irge pages. It 
is (at supertax in every way to its i redet essors. Lteial rat es 
all that is best in po 1 l rv keei growing, broilei 

raising, c^£ farming and th | lu ti n of winter chickens 
or roasterSi drawn from the 1 ii iceoltne o stexpertsiu 
the country. It fully describes and illustrates theun 1 uf I 

CYPHERS !N 5i 3A Jj? s 

which embody the greatest discovery o 
the 6eld of successtul 'ncubatli n I . in 
illustrations show poultry plants that use 
Cyphers exclusively in theu. S.,1 ana la, 
England, Germany, Holland, N ftw Zea- 
Landand other foreign countries. Send 
10c (merely to pay postage, as the book 
is free) for book No. 177 Circulars free. 

CYPHERS INCUBATOR. CO., 

Buffalo, N. Y., Chleaeo, III., 
Boston, Mass., New York, V. T. 




incubator Results 

are what you seek. The machine is a means to , 

an end. Poultry raisers have no other concern j 

about machines than to get results. 

BNCUBATORSi 

and Brooders 

I e the oldest and most reliable machines I 
the market to-day. Hatches uniformly! 

j high in all climates, under all conditions. Self- f 
regulating end ventilat- 1 
ing, supplying moisture | 
where needed. Copper 
and redwood the materi- 
als, freight paid all over 1 
U S. Free late catalog | 
of incubators and brood- 
b. Write for it 

PetalumaEncubator Co 

\ Hox ■ ,; Petaluma, Cat. 

or box 46 , 

Indiana pulls, ind. 



PER EGG CAPACITY 

The Sure Hatch Incubator is a I 
high grade machine through- 1 
out, (over30,000inuse) anyone I 
can operate them, and when I 
it is considered that we pay I 
the freight and that the ma- 1 
chines are all larger than [ 
rated capacity and are sent 
on 30 days trial, the egg capac- 
ity is the cheapest of any | 
goodincubatoronthemorket. | 
Our Free 1903 Catalogue was made to order for the j 
poultry raisers— poultry and egir record tables, etc. [ 
A big book full of good things. Address nearest office. | 

SURE HATCH INCUBATOR COMPANY. 
Columbus, Ohio. Clay Center, Nebr. Eugene, Ore. 




Build Your Own Incubator, 

Complete Illustrated Flans and Instructions 

f or building Incubators and Brooders by 
which a 200- Egg Hot Water tf»0 

Ineubator can be builtforabout $0 
We sell the Tanks, Lamps, Regulators, 
ate. , at cost. Big money in building and eel 1 - 
ing Incubators; a boy can do it. Write 
to-day for particulars and FREE circular — 
How to Blake and Save Money with a« 
Incubator. 83T AGENTS WANTED. 

POPLTRY PUPPLIFS AT CUT PRICES, 

On AN NON . B NOW A CO.. Pent. 128. Quiney, III. 




IT COSTS YOV NOTHING 




to make a trial on your own 

premises and find out 

what tiie 

Reliable Irtcubador 



B.I 



if it di- 



nes 

Yards Fine Poultry. 



Tbat ia the guarantee we gi 
the many special featured mncLlne, 
winery, non-moisture, self-retulating, 
etc. Poultry book, No. 19,fcrl0c postage. 
Reliable Inch, and Brooder Co., 
Box B- 11 Qiilncr, III. 




ICTOR. 



VI 
INCUBATORS 

) Batch every fertile egg. Simplest, 
most durable, cheapest first-class 
hatcher. Money back if not posi- 

tirely as represented. Wc pay freight. 

Circular free ; catalogue 6c. 

Geo. Ertel Co.. Qulney, III. 



INVENTIONS WHICH HAVE 
BROUGHT WEALTH. 

By Mary Washington. 

No. 2. 

Amongst the most useful and famous 
inventors of the last 26 years is Mr. 
George Westinghouse, known chiefly for 
his great invention of the air brake which 
is used in every country where railroad 
travel is practiced. This invention has 
been of the greatest utility in saving life 
and property. As a result of it, a loco- 
motive engine can, in a minute, apply the 
brake to a train of as many as 60 cars, 
and should a car break away, the brakes 
set themselves automatically. 

Mr. Westinghouse followed the inven- 
tion of the air brake by that of the West- 
inghouse engine, which has also passed 
into wide use He carries on many large 
electrical and machine works both in this 
country and Europe, bringing out both 
his own inventions and those of others, 
for he is ready to give prompt and remu- 
nerate recognition to any inventor, either 
in this country or Enrope, whose work is 
valuable in the field that interests Mr. 
Westinghouse. 

Gifted with inventive faculty and great 
mechanical ability, his technical educa- 
tion and service in the engineering branch 
of the United States Navy have given 
him both theoretical and practical knowl- 
edge which have immensely forwarded 
Mr. Westinghouse in his career. Amongst 
the benefits he has conferred on the 
world, I may mention the utilization of 
natural gas. Conveying the gas by pipes 
from its natural wells to wide areas of 
use is due almost entirely to his personal 
and unremitting efforts. His iuventions 
(and especially that of the air brake) have 
brought him a large and well merited 
fortune, and it is said that his various 
factories in this country and in England, 
France, and Russia represent a substan- 
tial, productive investment of probably 
one hundred million dollars. 

The inventor of the type writer was 
W. M. Jenrie, of Ilvin, N. Y., who was 
a mechanic working by the day when he 
started on his invention. He is now a 
wealthy man — is superintendent of a 
type writer manufactory. C. L. Sholes 
is also entitled to part of the credit of the 
development of the writing machines of 
the present day. He began as a mechanic, 
but died rich, and a universally known 
type- writer of the day was, to a great ex- 
tent, his creation. It is remarkoble how 
many patents have been granted, of late 
years, to mechanics and other persons 
working for day wag. s. For instance, 
Mergenthaler, who invented the linotype 
machine, and received millions for it, 
was an expei t mechanic, engaged in mak- 
ing telescopes and other scientific appa- 
ratus. His contrivance is now in use, all 
over the civilized world, the mechanical 
compositor having taken the place of the 
human type-setter in nearly every great 
printing establishment. 

Frank A. Johnson was a mechanic in 
Minneapolis when he invented a type- 
setting machine which has made him a 
wealthy man. 

Alexander P. Morrow was a mechanic 
employed by a bicycle company when he 




| The PRAIRIE STATES 

KEEP AT THE HEAD 
More made-more sold- 
more prizes won than 
_ ALL OTHERS combined, 
send for catalogue-just out-fin- 
est ever Issued. Mention this paper 
PRAIRIE STATE INCUBATOR Co. 
HOMER CITY . Pa., U.S.A. 



342 
FIRST 
PRIZES 
WON 



EGGS TOR HATCHING. 

Purebred B. P. Rock, Black Minorca, 
S. C. B. Leghorn. Fine stock, excellent 
layers. I guarantee eggs to be true to 
name, fresh, and to arrive in good condi- 
tion. 75 cts. per 15, $2 per 45, *4 per 100. 
Miss S. M. HITER, Eilisvllle, Louisa Co.. Va. 



EGOS FOR HATCHING. 

White Wyandottes, Barred Plymouth 
Rocks, S. C. Whit* Leghorns and Pekin 
Ducks. Prize winners at New York, Bos- 
ton, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Hagerstown 
Pan-American and Charleston. Some ex- 
tra fine stock for sale. For prices and de- 
scription, address 

LEWIS E. BENEDICT, Proprietor 
Meadowvale Farm, Luthervllle. Md. 

EGGS FOR HATCHING 

From White Holland Turkeys, White 

Plymouth Rock and Rose Comb 

White Leghorns. 

White Plymouth Rocks are the best all pur- 
pose fowls. My stock is of the finest strains 
R. C. W. Leghorns are the champion layers' 
Neat Rose Combs do not freeze. Send for 
circular. Mrs L|2Z|£ dy er, Versailles, Tenn. 

EGGS! EGGS! EGGS! 

Best B. P. Rocks In Virginia. 

Hawkins, Thompson and Bradley strains 

81.25 per sitting (13). 

M. B. Turkey Eggs, 50c. each, 84 per dozen 

M. P. Duck Eggs, 82.00 for 11. Even the best 
Is never too good, you'd better buy of me. 
THE CEDARS WM. Q. OWENS 

P. and S. FARM. Midlothian, Va. 

EGGS EGGS EGGS 

That will hatch out Dollars. Not real 
dollars, but Turkeys and Chickens of the best 
strains in this country, which will net the 
owner more real dollars of profit than anv 
others. I handle "Nothing but the Best" in 
my line. My prices are higher than some 
others, but the quality more than makes the 
difference. National strain, Mammoth Bronze 
Turkeys, sitting 13. 82. National strain, Barred 
Plymouth Chickens, sitting 15, $1.50. 

PIEDMONT POULTRY PLACE 
MissE. Callie Giles, Prop., Whittle's Depot! Va. 

EGGS FOR SALE. 

M. B. Turkey, 83 per doz.; Pekin Duck 81 
per doz.; White Wyandotte, $1 for 13- BP 
Rock, 81 for 13; S. C. B. Leghorn, $1 fbr 15. ' 

Miss Clara L. Smith. Croxton, Caroline Co. Va. 



—PRO M— 

WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS, 

82.25 for 9; $4.00 for 18. 

WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS 

$1.2.5 for 13; $2.25 for 30. 

Packed and f. o. b. Express Office 

JOHN A. CLARK. - SHIRLEY, V A. 

Barred P. Rocks S. C. B. and W. Leghorns. 

15 eggs, $1 ; 30, 81.75. Pekin Dtjcks-11 

eggs, $1 ; 22, 81.75. Satisfaction 

guaranteed. 

Rev. J. W. HECKMAN, . Spottsvlvanla, Vt. 



198 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[March 



Moorewood Poultry Farm, 

Chesterfield Co., ■ Wiseville, Va. 







BREEDERS OP 

Highes1>Gi ade Barred Plymouth Rock, 
White Wyandotte, Black Minorca and 
Partridge Cochin Fowls. We won 19 prizes 
at late Richmond Show. Breeding stock 
and eggs for sale at all times. If you mean 
business, write for Handsome and Valu- 
able Illustrated Catalogue and Poultry 
Guide. Write today. 



PURE BRED, PRIZE-WINNING 

<* FOWLS * 

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS. 

We have the winning pen of Madison 
Square Garden Show. Gobbler weighs 45 
lbs. ; hens, 26 lbs. 

PEKIN DUCKS. . . 

Prize-winning drake at Philadelphia and 
New York Madison Square Garden. Young 
ducks weigh 14 lbs. per pair. 

PLYMOUTH ROCKS, Barred and White. 
WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS. 

A limited number fowls and Eggs for Sale. 
Also pure bred POLAND CHINAS, SHET- 
LAND PONIES. HORSES, and RED POLLED 
CATTLE, the milk, butter and beef breed. 
ALBEMARLE PROLIFIC SEED CORN. 

ARROWHEAD STOCK FARM, 
Sam'l B. Woods, Prop. Charlottesville, Va. 

GRANITE POULTRY YARDS. 

J- Fine Laying Strains J> 

BIRRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS 
Silver Laced WYANDOTTES 

My best pen of Silvers will be headed this 
season with a fine cock direct from Mr. J. T. 
Orr, out of his famous laying i- train of Silver- 
Laced Wyandottes. EGGS at 81 00 per setting 
of 15 at Express Office, Salisbury, N. C. 

Mrs. JOHN D. A. FISHER, 

R. F. D. No. 3, Salisbury, N. C. 

White Leghorns. 

Egg Record, 2,213 eggs in one j ear 

from eighteen hens. 
Eggs, $2 per 15 ; $5 per 60. 

Write for circular to-day. 

C. G. M. FINK, 1409 W. Leigh St., Richmond, Va. 



invented the coaster brake which bears 
his name, and which has made him a 
wealthy man. 

Hugh Cook of Davton, Ohio, was a 
. worker for wages when he made the in- 
vention on which the most efficient cash 
register in the market is based, from the 
proceeds of which he receives about 
$25,000 annually. 

F. A. Flanagan had a little jewelry 
store in Washington City, when his for- 
tune took a rise by his devising a method 
of cleaning oil wells by dropping an elec- 
tric stove down into them. Prior to this 
invention, when oil wells became choked 
with parafin, they were cleaned by ex 
ploding nitroglycerine cartridges, which 
were both costly and dangerous. The 
electric stove process is safe and cheap, 
and has made the inventor rich. 

I have heard that the inventor of the 
safety-pin made a fortune by this inven- 
tion, but I do not know "what's his 
name or where's his home," or any au- 
thentic details about him. 

The Americans have shown more in- 
vention than any other nation in regard 
to the daily wants and conveniences of 
life. Edison alone has taken out 750 
patents, numbers of them applications 
of electricity to common daily needs. 
But we must not forget nor fail to ac- 
knowledge our debt to the great inven- 
tors of other nations, notably the Scotch, 
English, German, French and Italian. 
To Scotland is due (in the person of 
James Watt) the invention of the mod- 
ern condensed steam engine, with the 
incalculably great results that followed 
in this invention. It was Hargraves, an 
English carpenter, who, in 1767, invented 
the spinning jenny which gave means of 
spinning twenty or thirty threads with 
no more labor than had been employed 
on a single one. This was followed by 
Arkwright's still more important inven- 
tion of the spinning frame which it is 
interesting to connect with the subse- 
quent invention of the cotton gin in 
America. The two gave an enormous 
impetus to the cultivation and manufac- 
ture of cotton, and like the two wings of 
a bird, caused commerce to soar aloft, 
where formerly it had crept. 

To Germany, in the person of Guten- 
burg, we owe the invention of printing, 
an obligation so vast, so overwhelming 
that all words fail in making an ade- 
quate acknowledgment of it. 

To Italy is due, in the person of Galileo, 
the invention of the telescope, with all 
its valuable offshoots, as for instance, 
spectacles for the use of old persons, or 
others suffering from weak or imperfect 
vision. Nor did the great inventors of 
Italy become extinct with Galileo, for it 
is an Italian of the present day, Marconi, 
who has successfully established the sys- 
tem of wireless telegraphy. But it was 
primarily Morse's invention of the tele- 
graph which has paved the way to Mar- 
coni's invention, and all others along 
that line. 

To France, in the person of Daguerre, 
is due the invention which paved the 
way to modern photography with all its 
wonders and beauties. I remember the 
pale, shadowy pictures called "Daguer- 
reotyes" in my childhood, and after- 
wards succeeded by a better style of pic- 



..HOLLYBROOK FARM . 

EGGS^SETTING 

From Thoroughbred Poultry. 

In our poultry yards we have the following 
thoroughbred poultry, all first-class stock, 
originally started from the best stock In this 
country, and carefully cross-mated so as to 
give strong and vigorous stock and the best 
laying strains of the different breeds that it la 
possible to obtain : 

BARRED P. ROCK. $t.oo per sitting. 
BLACK LAN&SHAN. $1.00 per sitting. 
BUFF PLYMOUTH ROCK. $1.50 sitting. 
LIGHT BRAHMAS. Ji.sojper sitting. 
SILVER LACED WYANDOTTE. Price, 

$1.50 per sitting. 
WHITE WYANOTTE. $1.50 par sitting. 
In addition to careful breeding, we pay 
special attention to the handling and packing 
of our Eggs, so as to ensure good fertility and 
a good hatch. 

We have also for sale a few first-class young 

cockerels of BUFF PLYMOUTH ' ROCKS, 

SILVER LACED WYANDOTTES AND 

LIGHT BRAHMAS. 

Price, 81.50 and $2 each, crated for shipment. 

HENRY W. WOOD, 

P. 0. Box 330. Hollybrook Farm, RICHMOND, VA. 

LEGHORN POULTRY YARDS 




Have for sale a limited number of Single 
Comb Brown and White Leghorn Pullets and 
Roosters. Best layers known. Prize-winning 
stock. Price, $1.00 to $1.50 each. Eggs in season 
at $1.00 for 16 : $5.00 per 100. Satisfaction guar- 
anteed. Address 

A. T. MATTHEWS, Box 36, Parksley, Va. 



BROWN LEGHORNS 



(Single Comb.) 



Eggs from prize winners and good layers $1.50 
per sitting. Reduction on larger lots. 

WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS 

R. W. HAW, Jr., - Gentralia, Va. 

PLYMOUTH ROCK EGGS 
FOR BROILERS. 

The undersigned can furnish them in 

limited quantities at $2.50 for 100. 

F. O. B. at Claremont, Va. 

J. M. HUGHES, Claremont, Surry Co.. Va. 



IW3.J 



THE SOTJTHEKN PLANTER 



199 



WWWWVWW*\*/VS 
PECKS EGG-FOOD. 

CCCI1 F °K SO HENS Al OO 
rCCU FOR 60 DAYS Oil PREPAID. 

It is the cheapest food on earth. It 
pays others, and will pay you. It makes 
the poultry business interesting, Be- 
cause It produces results— We Sug- 
gest a trial order. Our Booklet and 
Egg. Record— F^ ee. 

THE FRED S. PECK CO., 
211 W. Mitchell St., - Petoskey, Mich. 




ALL KINDS OF 

LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS. 

I pay 85 apiece for Wild Turkeys. 
White Squirrels Wanted. 

CECIL FRENCH, 

718TweHthSt. N. W., Washington, D. C. 



if 



H 



Barred, Buff and White P. Rocks, Light 
Brahmas, White Wyandottes, Buff Coch- 
ins, Partridge Cochins, Black Langshan, 
Black Minorca, S. C. Brown Leghorns and 
S. C. White Leghorn*. Stock for sale cheap. 
Prize winner eggs, $1 for 15. A hatch of K 
or order duplicated at half price. 

OAKLAND POULTRY FARM. Ruffin, N C. 
Bo * 5 - C. J. Warriner, Manager. 



32 Varieties 
Best Poultry 

keepers should have It. J HO. 

Harrisonburg, Virginia. 



FINE ILLUS- 
TRATED 
CATALOG 
for stamp, 
if you men- 
this paper. 
§ All poultry 
E. HEATWOLE, 



BLACK MINORCAS. 

These fowls arenotedfortheir prolific 
laying and non-setting qualities, and 
are very highly bred. 

Eggs, $1.50 per setting of thirteen. 

WINSTON & BRANCH, 

2024 Floyd Avenue, Richmond, Va. 

Black Langshans. 

Fine stock and free range. Only breed 

kept. Splendid winter layers. A 

few birds for sale. 

Cocks, J2.50; Hens, $1.50; Eggs. $1.50, per 15. 

Satisfaction guaranteed. 



A. W. JOHNSON, 



Parksley, Va. 



w 



hite and Barred Rock 



Single bird, $1.00; trio, $2.50. Eggs for hatch- 
ing, 75 cts. for setting of 15. JERSEY BULL, 
No. 54171. J. B. JOHHSOH, 

Clover Hill Farm. Manassas, Va. 

BARRED and BUFF 

PLYMOUTH ROCKS 

Cockerels, $1.00 each. 

Buff eggs, $1.50 per sitting ; Barred, $1.00. 

FRED NUSSEY, - Summit, Spotsylvania Co., Va. 



ture called ambrotypes. But imperfect 
aa were the daguerreotypes, they were 
headed in the right direction, and with- 
out the invention (or discovery) that lies 
at their basis — namely, that the sun can 
be utilized as a picture-taker, modern 
photography could not have come into 
existence. 



THE PLANET JR. NO. 4 DRILL. 

The little hand implement shown here- 
with, Planet Jr. Combined Drill, etc., is 
probably a familiar sight to most of our 
readers. This Planet Jr. No. 4 is a most 
serviceable all around tool. The thing 
that distinguishes it especially is its com 
prehensiveness. By means of its attach- 
ments, the purchase of a single tool gives 
you the service of four— seeder, hoe, culti- 
vator and plow— every one suited to its 
own particular work. Though for years 
it has been considered a splendid tool, it 
has received valuable improvements for 




1903. For every purpose short of the 
large operations where a Planet Jr. tool- 
horse tool might profitably be substitu- 
ted, this is a good tool to buy. Convert- 
ing it from one tool to another is the 
work of a minute. Its perfect work, its 
special adaptation to the thing which 
needs to be done, and its easy running 
put a premium on good cultivation. It 
will be found advertised elsewhere. De- 
scriptive catalogue and free information 
by the manufacturers, S. L. Allen & Co., 
Philadelphia. 

AN OBJECT LESSON. 

A few weeks ago, Southern Education 
Notes published a list of counties in the 
South in which more than 20 per cent, of 
the native white men are illiterate. 
About one of those counties in Virginia 
a man who has traveled much in the 
South, and knows the people, writes as 
follows : 

" Perhaps my experience in travelling 
in that county twenty five years ago may 
be of interest. A few years before I went 
into the county, the people discovered 
that a good deal of the white poor soil 
was especially adapted to the raising of a 
very fine grade of tobacco. Farmers who 
had scarcely eked out an existence before 
thia discovery were now sometimes able 
to realize as much as $500 or $600 from 
the sale of a single acre of fancy wrappers. 
But the great tide of prosperity in the 
growing of this tobacco came and passed 
away without benefitting very largely the 
people of the county. I never saw bo 
much drunkenness and debauchery in 
my life. One day I went to as many as 
three houses in the course of my travels 
in which I found men too drunk to at- 
tend to business. They got big prices for 



BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCK COCKERELS. 

We have ten cockerels which we could ha.v« 
sold readily at $2 50 each, but the late com 
snap slightly fronted their combs, not enough 
to make them sick, but still enough g t o 
detract from their appearance, we will sen 
for $1 each, if o dered at once. They can be 
returned if not satisfactory, and we wfn re 
fund the dollar. Eggs. 81 for 15- f n ™h a t± 
eggs, $3 per hundred^ No Co. ft shipments 
ReZence- SUNNYS ">E POULTRY FARM ^ 
Ref Ba e gk*of Chrlstiansbu C rg: ,StlanSbuf °> V '" 

The Racket Poultry Farms, 

A. S. JOHNSON, Man., Parksley, Va. 

Breeder of High-class Land and Water Fowls 

S BL r A °R R nwv G ?™~ s * RH0 ^ E Island Reds, 
to. U brown Leghorns, Toulouse Geese 

Pekin Ducks and Belgian Hares 
l8?a e nd e Rfds' l C £ fi e ,?, ch - La ^hans, Rhode 

£g&7°aL5sr of tbree farmf - ^ft a 

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS 

A SPECIALTY. 

w™* br , ea for tw , elv e years; beautifully 
barred, large and healthy, farm-raised 
birds for sale all seasons. raised 

Eggs, $1 per sitting 15. two sittings, $1.50. 
Cockerels, $1 to $2; Pullets, $1. 
E. F. S0MMERS, Somerset, Orange County. Va. 



WHITE WYANDOTTES 
and BUFF P. ROCKS. 

Beautiful birds, and grand layers. 

Cockerels, $1.50 each. 

Eggs, $1 per 13 ; $5 per 100 

EDGEMONT POULTRY YARDS, Liberty Mills. Va. 



S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS 

e|gts3.50 WO Sitt A n rf D VE f s | 2 ° SS *> ^ *> er ™ 

Lasley, Va. 



J. N. HANGER, 



Barred Plymouth Rocks 

EXCLUSIVELY 

Bt^f ^ „ bealtb ,y. vigorous, iarm-ralsed 
stock ; bred for laying ; 75 cts. per setting. 

WM. B. LEWIS, I rby, Nottoway Co., Va. 

PIT GAMES 

Red Horses, Eggs, $1.50 per sitting (15). 

Also a few Red Horse and Irish Red Cocks 

for sale at reasonable prices. 

A. S. CRAVEN, - Greenwood, Va. 



BLACk DEVILS and RED HORSES. 

i Ji^i se Q ^ c ^ on i ( l perct - of battles 'ought 

in 1901 and 1902, and have never lost a battle 
when gameness and cutting qualities could 
win. Eggs, $2 per sitting and stock for sa°e. 

THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va. 



WANTED 



50 Fine Brown LiEO- 
horn Hens and 1 
Cockerel to be de- 
livered to Burkeville, Va. E. M. SANDYS, 
'6 Eighth Street, Pittsburg, Pa. 

S. C. B. LEGHORN ROOSTERS OR HEMS, 

75 cts. each ; Eggs, 75 cts. for 15. 
MRS. A. W. DAVIS, - BLANTON.VA. 



200 



1HE SOITTHEBN PLANTER 



[March 



SHORTHORNS 

SPECIAL OFFERING FOR 
30 DAYS. 



Owing to the scarcity of feed, I will 
offer 20 Cows and Heifers, and 14 
Young Bulls for immediate sale, at 
prices ranging from $75 to $150 each. 

Parties desiring to purchase should not 
miss an opportunity to see these cattle. 

This offering consists of popular Amer. 
ican and Scotch families. All animals 
either Recorded or will be Recorded in 
purchaser's name, and a certified copy of 
registration furnished with each animal. 
D. M. K1PPS, 

Success, Warren Co., Va., 




ELLERSLIE FARWI^v 
Thoroughbred Horses 

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE, 

Pure Southdown Sheep 
and Berkshire Pigs. 

Fob Sale. R. J- HANCOCK & SON, 
Charlottesville, Va. 

cook's creek herd, 

Scotch-Topped 
Shorthorns^* 

Herd Headed by Governor Tyler, 158548 
Young Bulls and Heifers for sale. Inspection 
and correspondence Invited. 
HEATWOLE & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va. 

EAST RIVER SIDE 

SHORTHORNS 

FOR SALE. 

One choice Red Bull, oil enough 
for service. 
Address 

JAMES P. CLEMMER, - Snmmerdean, Va. 

VIRGINIA VALLEY HERO 

"» Of Registered Shorthorn Cattle. 
Choice young bull, cows, and heifers bred. 
Also Poland-China Hogs and Barred 
Plymouth Rock Chickens. 
Prices Reasonable. 
HENRY BLOSSER, Harrisonburg, Va 

FOR SALE 

Fine, Thoroughbred JERSEY BULL CALF, 

"> 6 months old. 
I have the finest seed corn in this section. 
C.N.STACY, - Amelia C. H.,Va. 



Sn 111 I FPIMDUO Pure stock. Bred to 
, U. W. LtuHUnNO. lay. Eggs,$l per 20. 
IDEAL POULTRY YARDS, Kopp, Va. 



their tobacco, handled a good deal of 
money, knew no higher sense of enjoy- 
ment than to sptnd it for whiskey, and 
all the evils which follow in the trail of 
its use came to them. • 

" Later it was discovered that certain 
lands in Kentucky would grow the same 
tobacco equally as well and better. The 
price of tobacco went down and the great- 
est opportunity that the people of that 
county ever had to become wealthy pass- 
ed away. Not more than one man in 
twenty was permanently benefitted by 
tobacco culture, and a great many were 
seriously damaged." The writer adds: 
'• Permanent prosperity is impossible in 
any illiterate community. We may strike 
oil, find coal, iron and gold, but the peo- 
ple who live where such wealth is stored 
will not be benefitted unless they are 
sufficiently educated to take advantage of 
the opportunity to improve such natural 
resources and make them a means of per- 
manent social betterment." 



A BRIGHT THOUGHT. 

She was a fair young thing from Boston 
with an inquiring mind, and having run 
the blunt old sealing captain into the 
farthermost corner of the Labrador coast 
ing steamer and cut off from him all 
means of retreat, she begged of him to 
tell her of his perilous vocation. 

" But, Captain," she asked, " how is it 
you catch so very many dear, little, tiny 
seals?" 

" Well, you see," replied the Captain 
in his husky voice, hesitating as he hunt- 
ed for a word other than "females" which 
he thought objectionable, " you see, the 
ladies pup on the ice." — Caroline Lock- 
hart (Suzette), in March LippincoWs. 

IMPROVED POLAND-CHINAS 
FOR VIRGINIA. 

Mr. J. B. Gray reports the demand for 
Poland-Chinas unprecedented, and in 
order to fill orders has made the follow- 
ing additions to his herd of Poland-Chi- 
nas from the leading breeders of Ohio : 
Two sows by Penfrede Perfreter, and two 
sows by Ohio Black Chief, 52101, and 
two sows in pig by Big Ideal, 53426, and 
a young boar by J. H. Big Chief, 46085, 
out of Beat Sunshine. The oreeder of 
this boar says that he is the best all-over 
pig that he has ever seen or raised, and 
Mr. G says that it is impossible to con- 
ceive of a more perfect spine in a Poland- 
China pig. 

VALUABLE CATALOGUE. 

We have looked over the catalogue we 
have just received from Morrill & Mor- 
ley, of Benton Harbor, Mich., makers of 
the Eclipse Spray Pumps and our adver- 
tisers. From cover to cover it is full of 
valuable matter, compiled from years of 
practical experience and representing 
tests that, have cost the makers thou- 
sands of dollars. Any of our readers who 
are using spray machinery will find it to 
their interest to write for a copy of the 
above catalogue and to give it careful 
study. Write direct to the makers, Mor- 
rill & Morley, Benton Harbor, Mich., and 
mention this paper when writing. 



RED POLLED 
CATTLE 

FOR SALE. 

One purebred registered bull, three-year-old. 

Price, $125. 
One purebred registered cow, four-year-old, 

due to calve in April. Price, $150. 
One pure-bred registered heifer, two year-old, 
due to calve in June. Prico, $125. 
rPice on the lot, $350., f. o. b. cars Christians- 
burg, Va. 
Will keep cattle until April 15th, for buyer. 
These cattle are all purebred and registered 
in American Red Polled Cattle Club Herd 
Book, and are all in fine, healthy condition. 

WM. S. FOSTER, Blacksburg, Va # 

MEADOWVALE FARM 

OFFERS FOR SALE SOME CHOICE 
JERSEY and GUERNSEY CATTLE, 
BERKSHIRE SWINE, WHITE WY- 
ANDOTTES, BARRED PLYMOUTH 
ROCKS and WHITE LEGHORNS. 

The catile offered consist of Young Cows, 
Yearling Hellers, Heifer and Bull Calves and 
Bulls old enough for service. Berkshires of all 
ages and both sexes. The poultry is all fine 
breeding stock and healthy. 

Meadowvale Farm has won in the past three 
years over 600 First and Special Prizes at the 
Leading Fairs and Expositions; including, 
New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Hagerstown, 
Pan-American and Charleston. For Descrip- 
tion, Pedigree and Prices, address 
LEWIS B. BENEDICT, Prop., Lutherville, Md. 

Farm Bulletin 

Splendid ANGUS BULL for sale. 
1 year old in April. 



We are now booking orders for 
Dorset Ram Lambs. No more 
Berkshire Pigs now. 

D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of A?r. 
Blacksburg, Va. 

For Sale —a 

J^NGOFIA GOATS. 

Registered and Grades. " One to carload 

lots." Pairs, $10.00; trios, $17.00. 

Write for carload prices. 




JEREMY IMPROVEMENT CO., 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



201 



$.00 CASH PRIZE F0RANY 



AGRIC 



i 



\ 



V 



>A 



We hereby offer $100 In cash for the best article to be written on 
breeding and raisingHogs. Describe ten sows that you would select 
for breeding. Describe boar that you would select for a cross with 
these sows. Describe how and what kind of grain, grains or mill 
stuffs you would feed sows until pigs were farrowed. Tell how 
many pigs you would expect from the ten sows and describe how 
and what you would feed sows after pigs were farrowed. State when 
you would commence feeding pigs and what you would use. State 
when you wouid wean pigs and what kind of feed you would give 
them from that time until they were six months old and what you 
would expect to make them weigh at the expiration of six months. 
State why you would expect such results from your care and kind 
of feed used. Describe kind of pens and yards you would use for 
each condition. Our aim is to have you write an article describing 
in a practical way just how you would raise hogs to obtain the best 
results. The breed of hogs selected will Not be considered in the decision. 
The use ot "INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD" will Not be considered in the 
decision. The decision will be published in every leading Farm 
Paper in the United States and Canada. Mail your article to The 
American Swineherd. Chicago, 111., on or before May 10th, 1903. The 
judges wilt be J. W. Baynes, editor and proprietor of American Swineherd, 
Prof. Thomas Shaw of The Farmer, St. Paul, Minn., and Henry Wallace, 
editor of Wallace's Farmer, Des Moines, Iowa. These gentlemen are 
well known throughout the entire country and the decision will be rendered in May, 1903. The winning article is to be our property 
and will be circulated throughout the world and will attract universal attention of all swine raisers. Who will win the $100 Cash and the Honor 
and at the same time write an article that will be of great practical value to every stockman? 8*B"\ty for il. «®^You may be the winner. All articles 
must be mailed to The American Swineherd, Chicago, 111., on or before May 10th, 1903. Mark your envelope «S""Internalional Stock Food" Oiler.*'®* 

"TSTBRlfiTIOKAl STOCK FOOD" l^TS »*EEDS fo» ONE CENT=53t is Prepared (Mm Roots, Herbs, Seeds and Barks and Won the Highest Medal at Paris Exposition In 1900 as • 
iHigb-Clese vegetable, medicinal preparation to be fed to stock in small amonnts as an addition to the regular feed. It is a Great Aid in Growing or Fattening stock because 11 
increa.es the appetite and Aids Digestion and Assimilation so that each animal obtains more nutrition from the grain eaten. We positively guarantee that its use will make you 
extra mouey over the usual Plan of Growing and Fattening stock. "International Stoes. Food" can be fed in< safety to Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Goats, Hogs, Colts, Calves, Lambs or Pigs. 
It is Absolutely Harmless aven if taken into the Human System. You insist on eating medicinal ingredients with your Own food at every meal. Salt is a stomach tonic and worm 
medicine, Pepper is a powerful stimulating tonic, Mustard is a remedy for dyspepsia, Vinegar is a diuretic. You eat these medicinal ingredients almost with every mouthful of your 
toad, and it is proven that theso condiments promote healthand strength for people Bnd improve their digestion. "International Stock Food*' contains pure vegetable medicinal 
ingredients that are just as safe and as necessary an addition to the regular feed of your stock if you desire to keep them in the best possible condition. "International Stock Food 
is endorsed by Every High Class Farm Paper. It purines the blood, stimulates and permanently strengthens tho entire system so that disease ffl prevented or cured. "International 
Stock Food" Is sold on a "Spot Cash (Jae.rcr.tee" by Fifty Thousand Dealers throughout the World, ftlf' Your Money will be Promptly Refunded in Any case of failure. 
II will make your I'lurs or Hops grew Amazingly and has tho largest Bale in the World for curing or preventing Hog Disease. &&* Beware of the many Cheap and Inferior 
Imitations ! No Chemist earn separate all the Different powdered Keats, Herbs, Barks and Seeds that we sue. Any One claiming to do so Must be an Ignoramus or Falsifier. 



A $3000.00 STOCK BOOK FREE Ippf 

C^S^ ILLUSTRATE!) >j£ 

STOCK BOOK 



IT CONTAINS 183 LAIGE ENGBAVINGS OF BOSSES, CATTLE. SHEEP. POULTRY, ETC. 

Tho Cover of this Book Is • Beautiful Live Stock Picture esrPrlnted In Six Brilliant Colors. Book is 6V, by 9\,. See engravingfor 
greatly reduced design of cover. It eost ne 92000 to have our Artiste and Engravers make these life 
Engravings. This Book contains a Finely Illustrated Veterinary Department that will Save Yon Hundreds 
off Boiler. . It descr ihes common Diseases, and tells how to treat them. It also givee Description, 
History and Illustrations of the Different Breeds of Horses, Cattle, Sheep, Geats. Hogs and Poultry. 
It contains testimonials, and Life Engravings of many very noted Animals. The Editor Of This Paper 
Will Tell You That You Ought To Have This Book In Your Library For Reference. 

$10.00 CASH, wo will send 70a, IF BOOK It NOT AS STATED. 
Ale Seek Mailed Free, Postage Prepaid, Iff Tan Write TJa (Vttter or posted) and Answer These 2 Queetttu: 

1st.— Nemo This Paper. Jd.— How Hath Stock Have Tout 

Write as today for book. 




Largest Stock Food Factory is the World. 

Capital Paid in, (1,000,000. 
We Occupy 62,000 Feet of Floor Space. 



laternational Stock Feod Co., 



■JjrRAFOLlS, We employ over 300 people and have 

Muadreds of Thousands of Testimo- 

MU1., L. a. A. n|mlB fr0B1 Farmers and Stockmen. 



r7 ^. 






TEST-' 3FFEDSfopQNECFNT 



LM .RE.LV; 

at c>,n pi c .',t\ 




1 1 11 1 111 1 1 11 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 iiiiii tin 1 1 1 1 1 1 111 111 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 11 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 






202 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[March 



• FILSTON FARM. • 

SECOND LARGEST 

JERSEY HERD 

IN AMERICA. FOUNDED 1882. 

BULL CALVES, and for the first time, Heifers 
bred to Imported Golden Peter, and Heifer 
OalTes and a few aged Cows. 

BERKSHIRES, all ages, sired by Imported 
Storm King, or Imported Esau 2nd, 81m, 
good shape and large litters. 

Visitors welcome. Address for Book of The 
Farm, or prices 

FILSTON FARM, GLENCOE, MD. 



Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm 

Has for sale a large num- 
ber of nice young regis- 
tered A. J. G. O. 

JERSEY BULLS 
AND HEIFERS. 

None better bred in the South. Combining 
closely the most noted and up-to-date blood 
in America. Bulls 10 to 12 months old, $25.00. 
Heifers, same age, $35.00. POLAND-CHINA 
PIGS, $5.00 each. Send check and get what 
you want. 

T. P. BRASWELL, Prop., Battteboro, N. C. 




Wf^^^VWlc. 



Hackney Stallion 

FOR SALE. 

Only 4 yrs. old, and is a prize winner. 
Send for particulars. 

I also have some very fine purebred 

S. L. Wyandotte Cockerels. 

Eggs in season at $1 per sitting of 16. 

Dr. H. H LEE, - Lexington, Va. 



Woodland 
Farm**- 



DORSETS 

Of 16 rams, 9 to 14 mos. old, we now have 
on hand, 4 are not quite good enough to head 
anv herd in the United States. The best 
ram Hardiog could find in England now 
heads our flock. Are buying a few ewes; 
none to sell, but are booking orders for October 
dropped ewe lambs. 

WOODLAND FARM, Mechanlcsburg, 0. 
(J. E. Wing, Willis O. Wing, Chas. B. Wing.) 



DORSETS and 
HEREFORDS 

H. ARMSTRONG, ■ Lantz Mills, Va. 

FOR SALE. 

5 Reg. HEREFORD BULLS 

From 6 mos. to 3 yrs. old. 

8 Reg HEIFERS 

From 6 to 18 mos. old. At reasonable prices. 
HAYFIELDS STOCK FARM, Cockeysviile, Md. 

HAWKSLEY STOCK FARH. 

Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES 
B. P. ROCKS FOWLS, 

Eggs from same, $1 per 13. 
j. T. OLIVER, Allen's Level, Va. 



REPORTS. 
U. 8. Department of Agriculture, Wash- 
ington, D. C. Bureau of Chemistry. 
Bulletin 69. Part 3. Foods and Food 
Control. 

Bulletin 69. Part 4. Foods and Food 
Control. 

Bulletin 69. Part 5. Foods and Food 
Control. 

Office of Experiment Stations. Experi- 
ment Station Record, Vol. XIV, 
No. 6. 

Public Road Inquiries. Bulletin 23- 
Road Conventions in the Southern 
States. 

Farmers' Bulletin 164. Rape as a For- 
age Crop. 

Farmers' Bulletin 152. Experiment 
Station Work. 

Alabama Experiment Station, Auburn, 
Ala. Bulletin 121. Dairy Food Record 
and Creamery Notes. 

Illinois Experiment Station, UrbaDa, 111. 
Bulletin 82. Methods of Corn Breed- 
ing. 

Iowa Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa. 
Bulletin 67. Chemical Composition of 

Food Preservatives. 
Press Bulletin. Moisture in Corn. 

Kansas Experiment Station, Manhattan, 
Kan. Bulletin 115. Exact Calcula- 
tion of Balanced Rations. 

Michigan Experiment Station, Agricul- 
tural College, Mich. Bulletin 203. 
Analyses of Some of the Commercial 
Feeding Stuffs of Michigan. 

Nebraska Experiment Station, Lincoln, 
Neb. Bulletin 76. Experiments with 
Dairy Herd. 
Bulletin 77. Poisoning of Cattle by 
Sorghum and Kaffir Corn. 

New Hampshire Experiment Station, 
Durham, N. H. Bulletin 94. Rem- 
edies for Fleas. 
Bulletin 95. How to Grow a Forest from 
Seed. 

New York Experiment Station, Geneva, 
N. Y. Bulletin 217. Inspection of 
Feeding Stuffs. 
Bulletin 218. Strawberries in 1902. 
Bulletin 222. Report of Analyses of 
Paris Green and Other Insecticides. 

North Carolina Experiment Station. 
Press Bulletin 7. Silk Culture for 
the Season of 1903. 

North Dakota Experiment Station, Fargo 
N. D. Bulletin 53. Food Products 
and Their Adulteration. 

Pennsylvania Experiment Station, State 
College, Penn. Bulletin 62. An Ex- 
periment in Ginseng Culture. 

South Carolina Experiment Station, 
Clemson, College, S. C Bulletin 74. 
Experiments with Poultry. 
Bulletin 76. Bermuda Grass. 

Virginia Experiment Station, Blacks- 
burg, Va. Resume of the Official 
Work in Relation to the San Jose 
Scale. 

Virginia (Hampton Nature Study Bureau), 
Hampton, Va. Care and Management 
of Horses. 



READERS 

OF THE 

PLANTER 

In want, of a PIANO will find it to their 
interest to write to us. We assure them 
there is such a thing as buying an 
honestly- made instrument at a mode- 
rate price. 

We make CASH and TIME SALES, 

and are willing to take part payment 
in Stock and Farm Products. 

Write and state your wishes. 

F. W. WALTER & SON, 

STAUNTON, VA. 



COLLIE PUPS! 

By prize-winning imported sires and trained 
dams. Eligible. Fit for bench, ranch or farm. 
Price, $10, either sex. Also a book on the car* 
and training of the Collie for all practical uses. 
Price, 50c. Copy of book free to purchaser of 
Collie. 

Stock Farm, "MAPLBMONT," Albany, Ver. 



Large English Berkshire Hogs, 
Barred Plymouth Rock Chickens 

BEN. BOLT, 60747, 430 lbs. as a yearling at 
head of herd. OSr-T&QGS IN SEASON. 
JOHN P. FOSTER, Nocreek, Ohio Co., Ky. 

ANGUS BULL CALVES 

Registered and unrecorded. Stock first- 
class, and breeding the best. 

SHROPSHIRE SHEEP 

First-class yearling rams, and ewes of 
all ages. Several FINE FARMS for sale. 

WARREN RICE, - Winchester, Va. 

150 Jacks, Jennets & Mules 150 

Best assortment I 
ever owned. Can 
suit you exactly. 
Write for descrip- 
tion and prices. 

Also will sell two 
Percheron stallions 
at close figures. 
BAKER'S JACK FARM, 

Lawrence. Indiana. 

FINE JACKS. 

Mules are equal to Gold Dollars, from 

" youth to old age." Several nice ones 

and 2 very fine Jennetts for sale. Buy 

Jack now and get him ready for spring. 

Write your wants to 

L. L. THOriAS, 
722 W. Campbell Ave., - Roanoke, Va. 




J3 



JACKS and JENNETS 

FOR SALE. 

Enclose 2 cent stamp for 
new catalogue. 
W. E. KNIGHT* CO., 

R. F. D. 5. Nashville, Tenn. 



IMC 3. J 



THE 80DTHERN PLA_NTEB 



203 



MARKET TOPPERS FOR SALE, LOW. 




One thoroughbred Angus cow, unregistered, 
coming 3 yrs., with heifer calf at foot 
Price, 875. 

Four three-fourths Angus heifers, two coming 
3 yrc, two coming 4 yrs., bred to reg. An- 
gus bull. Price, $50 each. 

Four seven-eighths Angus heifers, coming 2 
yrs., bred to reg. Angus bull. $50 each. 

Three seven-eighths Angus heifers, coming 1 
yr. $30 each. 

Four one-half Angus heifers, coming 1 yr. 
$20 each. 

One bull calf, out of a thoroughbred Shorthorn 
. cow, by a reg. Angus buil. Price, $50. 

One 9mos.-old reg. Angus bull. Price 8100. 

One 12-mos.-old reg. Angus heifer. Price, $100. 
All of the above cattle are black, and a3 well 
polled as a thoroughbred An»ns. 

Eight beautiful reg. Angora goats, six does 
which will kid soon, two fine bucks. 
Price, $100 for the lot. 

One fine reg. Angus Bull Calf, 5 mos. old, at $75. 

One pair Bay Mares, with black points, com- 
ing 5 yrs. old. Weight, 1,200 lbs. each. 
Well broken to harness and all farm ma- 
chinery. An ideal farm team. Heavy 
enough for farm work and active enough 
for good drivers, and gentle enough for 
anybody to handle. If sold very soon, will 
take $325., which is very cueap. 
Address W. M. WATKINS & SON, 

Cottage Valley Stock Farm, 

Randolph, Charlotte Co , Va. 

SEED CORN 

-«*•* FOR S/V.JL«"EE <*<* 

By W. M. WATKINS & SON, 

RANDOLPH, CHARLOTTE CO., VA. 
Snow White Dent. 

This variety has proven the grandest mill- 
ing corn in the world, and far above all other 
■varieties of White corn in average yield. Last 
year from one bushel planted on ordinary high 
land, without fertilizers, we gathered sixty 
barrels of fine corn. Price, $1.50 per bus. 

Pride of Cottage Valley. 

A large eared, deep grained early white 
corn with 16 to 24 rows on a cob and stalks 13 
to 15 feet high, usually two ears to the stalk 
and yielding an abundance of fodder. This 
corn is very productive and makes the best 
meal. Price, $1.50 par bus. 

White Champion. 

Earliest corn on record. Ears 10 to 12 inches 
long, with 18 to 20 rows on the cob. Good-sized 
grains. Planted June tenth, cut, and in shock 
by Sept. tenth. From one gal. planted, we 
gathered 12 barjels of good corn on ordinary 
nigh land. Price $2.50 per bus. 

Early Yellow Variety. 

Popularly known as Huron Dent, the most 
perfect-shaped ear and most reliable early 
yellow corn ever introduced. Planted May 
10th, cut, and in shock by the latter part of 
August. Price, $100 per bus. 



Virginia Weather Service, Richmond.Va. 
Report for January, 1903. 

Wisconsin Experiment Station, Madison, 
Wis. Bulletin 97. Licensed Com- 
mercial Feeding Stuffs. 

Imperial Department of Agriculture for 
the West Indies, Barbados, W. I. 
Seedling and other Canes in the Lee- 
ward Islands. 
Do. in Barbados. Hints on Onion Cul- 
tivation. General Treatment of Fun- 
goid Pests. Plaintalk to Small Own- 
ers. West Indian Hams. 



HE KEPT HIS VOW. 

From an anecdote told by William Ele- 
roy Curtis in his " Yankees of the East" 
it may be inferred that the attitude of 
the small boy toward a fence is the same 
in Japan as in other countries. 

Mr. Gobel, the missionary, built him- 
self a modern house on what is known as 
" The Bluff," south of Yokohama, and 
surrounded his grounds with the first 
fence that was ever built in that part of 
the world. It was mad* of bamboo pail- 
ings, and the boys of the neighborhood 
used to annoy the good missionary great- 
ly by rattling sticks against it as they ran 
along the street. 

The British admiral lived just above 
him, and had a very natty Tommy At 
kins for an orderly. He wore a little 
round cap on the northeast corner of his 
head, and always carried a little cane of 
rattan in his hand. One morning, having 
baen sent with a message, he appeared 
before the admiral with his face bruised 
and his uniform battered and torn and 
covered with dust, 

"Mercy on us!" exclaimed the admi- 
ral, in astonishment at the spectacle. 
" What has happened to you ?" 

" Hi beg your parding, sir," replied 
Tommy, " but as Hi was coming along 
hup the 'ill a-rubbing me stick against 
the missionary's fence, sir, 'e come hout 
in 'is pajamas and said as 'ow 'e 'ad vow- 
ed by the grace of God to lick the 'ide off 
the next man who did that, and 'e done 
hit, sir." — Youth's Companion. 



AUPflDI PftlTO are handsome, hardy and 
ANuUnA UUAlO profitable. For large cir- 
cular address E. W. COLE & CO.. B;g Clifty, Ky. 



THE OLD BOY. 

Mrs. C. was horrified to discover that 
her little seven-year-old daughter was 
rapidly acquiring the habit of alluding 
very freely to the devil, and at last she 
told her determinedly that a repetition 
of the obnoxious word would bring se- 
vere punishment. 

The child knew that her mother was 
in earnest, so she set a seal on her lips. 
At last she seemed to have forgotten it ; 
but one Sunday Mrs. O, who had been 
too ill to go to church, asked her if she 
could tell what the minister had preach- 
ed about in his sermon. 

"Oh, yes'm," she answered; "he preach- 
ed about Our Lord going up into the 
mountain and being tempted by — by — 
by the gentleman who keeps hell !" 

She didn't intend to run any risks of 
being punished. — Lippincott's. 

" Does your cook ever wear your wife's 
clothes ?" 

" I guess not- Why, my wife hasn't 
anything the cook would be seen wear- 
ing." 



POLAND-CHINAS 

I am now talcing orders for highly-bred 
if. U 1 igs, 8 to 12 weeks old. lor May and 
June delivery. Sired by Chief Best 45355 
and moorish Perfection S 54177 ?*on and 
grand-sou of Chief Tecumseh 2nd 28815 
and Chief Perfection 2nd 4 5395. respec- 
tively, and of matured sows of Perfection 
Tecumseh, ire Trade and Black U. S. Breed- 

LlS k AI ^ ay ,°il ng sow 8l,e<1 "y Chief Best 
and bred to M. Perfection 3 for 2nd litter 

o^Y."™ 1 "" R '^ CK EGQS ff Thompson 
and Warner breeding, 81 for 15, and $4 per 
hundred Have run of farm, and keep 
no other kind. =.toj» 

TH0S. R. SMITH, Lincoln, London Co., Va. 



ALBEMARLE PROLIFIC 

SEED CORN 

For 4 years past, the entire crop at Arrow- 
head farm ha- been sold for seed, and those 
who put off ordering until the last, could not 
be supplied. We have several thousand 
bushels for sale. Price, 81.75 in small lots- 
half bus., $1 00 ; peck, &5c. No smaller orders 
shipped. If the land is good and properly pre- 
pared before planting, and properly worked 
after planting, over 100 bus. per acre should 
be the yield. More forage will be grown than 
from any other variety. 

ARROWHEAD STOCK FARM, Ch V, ,0 ^ tesv,,,e 

' Virginia. 



QUALITIES Of 



__, Irgi 

THE SUPERIOR Q| flllfC'S UNQUES- 
FOURl'LUffld TlONED. 

Made from best mate- 
rial. Best workman- 
ship. Best plows on the 
market. Both right and 
left hand. Sod, stubble 
and general-purpose 
— - - mould boards. Either 
steel or chilled. Wood, iron and steel beams. 
We make over 100 different styles and kinds of 
plows, including the celebrated Burch. Full 
line of other agricultural implements. Write 
for catalogue and prices. 

THE TOLEDO PLOW CO , Dlvls. S, Toledo, O. 




M. B 
TUR 



•^^ W ^ 0¥- ^ 
KEY £kUU4) 

From heavy-weights with brilliant plumage 
S3 00doz. B. P. Rock and Pekln Duck Eggs 
81.00 per 15. A two-year-old Scotch Collie 
female; bred from prize-wiDnin? imported 
Etock, well trained, 825.00, Pups, 810 00 

C. H. BENNETT, Goodman, Va. 




4 full quarts Corn Whiskey 10 years old, $3 50 

1 u !! '.'. ", „ 6 . " " 2.50 
4 ™ „ , '- Private Stock, 
20 years old, for invalids and other 
loved ones g qq 

Plain packages. Express paid. Purest 
and Best Whiskey, and Oldest House 
in America. Established 1768— 135 years 
ago. Just as Corn-bread is more whole- 
some and palatable than Rye bread- 
So with the Whiskey— so say all Doctors 
—try it and be convinced. Nothing on 
earth as beneficial to weak lungs as this 
absolutely pure mountain beverage. 
THE OLD NICK WILLIAMS CO., 
Lock Box No. II. Williams, N. C. 



D M p T M D p CURED while you work 

r% w i- ■ v* n K You pay w when cured 

No eure, no pay. AXEX. SPEIRS, Box 844. 
Westbiook, Maine. 



204 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[Mart;- 



NELSON AND THE COXSWAIN. 

Just before the Battle of Trafalgar a 
mail was sent from the English fleet to 
England, and word was passed that it 
might be the last chance to write before 
the expected engagement. The letters 
had been collected from the ships, the 
letter-bags were on the vessel which was 
to take them, and she had got some dis- 
tance on her way, under full sail, when 
Lord Nelson saw a midshipman approach 
and speak to Pasco, the signal officer. 
Then Nelson showed the side of his na- 
ture which so often won the sailors' 
hearts. 

Pasco uttered an exclamation of disgust 
and stamped his foot in evident vexation. 
The admiral called him and asked what 
was the matter. 

• "Nothing which need trouble your 
lordship," was the reply. 

" You are not the man to lose your 
temper for nothing," rejoined Nelson. 
"What was it?" 

" Well, if you must know, my lord, I 
will tell you. You see that coxswain ?" 
pointing to one of the most active of the 
petty officers. " We have not a better 
man on the Victory, and the message 
which put me out was this : I was told 
that he was so busy receiving and g 'ttine 
off his mail-bags that he forget to put his 
own letter to his wife into one of them ; 
and he has just discovered it it his pock- 
et." 

"Hoist a signal to bring her back!" 
was Nelson's instant command. " Who | 
knows that he may not fall in action to- 
morrow? His letter shall go with the 
rest." 

The despatch-vessel was brought back 
for that alone. Captain Mahan tells this 
story on the authority of the son of Lieu- 
tenant Pasco, who used to say that the 
sailors idolized Nelson. Evidently it was 
with reason. 



HE GAVE THE REASON. 

Uncle Silas, an inveterate horse dealer, 
was one day called upon by an amateur 
in search of "something fast." 

"There," said Uncle S., pointing to an 
animal in a meadow below the house, 
"there, sir, is a mare yonder who would 
trot her mile in three minutes were it 
not for one thing." 

"Indeed !'" said the amateur. 

"Yes," continued Uncle 8.; "she was 
four years old last spring, is in good con- 
dition, looks well and is a first rate mare, 
and she could go a mile in three minutes 
were it not for one thing I" 

"That mare," resumed Uncle S., "is in 
every way a good mare ; she trots square 
and fair, and yet there is one thing only 
why she can't go a mile in three min- 
utes." 

"What in the name of thunder is it, 
then ?" cried the amateur, impatiently. 

"The distance is too great for the time," 
was the old man's reply. 

"I don't care for looks or riches," she 
said. "The man I marry must be a hero." 

"You are right," my child, said the 
father, "he must. 



NQNiK AHEAD 




'T'HERE Is no binder ahead of the Champion for strength and durability, besides it has valuable 
improvements which greatly increase its capacity for handling difficult conditions of grain, and 
are useful in the usual and ordinary c >ndltions. The most important is the force feed elevator which 
delivers the grain positively but gently to the packing arms where it is made into bundles, and choking 
in the elevator and waste of grain are prevented. Next Is the eccentric power-giving? wheel on 
the binding attachment which gives the needle an increase in po'^er of 16 2-3 per cent over the common 
wheel, and permits the Champion to bind large, and tight bundles in the heaviest grain without jerk or 
strain on the machine or on the team. Write for catalog describing these and other practical improve- 
ments on the Champion binder, also on the Champion mowers and Champion hay i-akcs. 
Handsome colored calendar sent free also if requested, 

CHAMPION DIVISION, INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY OF AMERICA, CHICAGO. 



J 



J* CLEN ALLEN HERD OF j« 

..ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE.. 

Headed by ALLENHURST KING IV 4H99, 

Assisted by VICTOR G., No. 3T693. 

I am now offering for sale a few choice young bulls of serviceable age, at a 
bargain. Any one wanting bnlls from prize-winning families at a moderate 
price, will save time and money by calling on or addressing 

GLEN ALLEN STOCK FARM, W. P. ALLEN, Prop., Walnut Hill, Va. 

SUNNY HOME HERD OF 

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE. 

BARON ROSEBOY ( The great son of the world-famous 
GAY BLACKBIRD) in service. 

Nearly all the leading families of the breed represented by females sired by the 
most famous bulls of the age. Wechallenge comparis on both as to individual excel- 
lence and pedigree. Another car of grand cows just arrived, personally selected 
from one of the best herds in central Illinois. Tbe tops out of one hundred head. 
8ix animals of the same family and strain as ROSEG AY (for two years the champion 
of America), others equally good. All young stuff of weaning age sold ; am booking 
orders for future delivery. 

Write your wants ; we are bound to please you. 

- — * L. FRENCH. Proprietor. Fitzgerald. N, O. 

Rockingham Co., 24 miles south-west of Danville, Ya., on D. A W. Ry. 



A NEAT BINDER for your back When corresponding with Advertisers, always say that yon saw their 
numbers can be had for 25 cents. Ad- advertisement in The Southern Planter. 

dress theBusineas Omce. 



IMS.] 



THE SOUTHEBN PLANTEB 



205 



The Review of Reviews for March 
opens with an editorial tribute to the 
late Dr. J. L. M. Curry, the veteran leader 
of the movement for popular education 
in the South. In the same magazine, 
Mr. George Perry Morris reviews the long 
public career of the late ex-8enator Henry 
L. Dawes, of Massachusetts, the steadfast 
friend of the American Indian. " The 
Sultan of Morocco and his Present Trou- 
bles" is the subject of an article by Dr. 
Talcott Williams which embodies full 
and accurate information regarding po- 
litical and social conditions in Morooo ; 
Mr. Walter Willman describes the work- 
ings of the United States Steel Corpora- 
tion's great profit-sharing and stock-dis- 
tributing plans ; there is a character 
sketch of the Hon. George B. Cortelyou, 
the first Secretary of the Department of 
Commerce and Labor, by Mr. H. B. F. 
Macfarland ; Dr. J. M. Buckley describes 
the methods by which the Methodist 
Episcopal Church has raised its '' Twenty- 
Million-Dollar Fund," to celebrate the 
opening of the twentieth century ; Mr. 
Winthrop L. Marvin sketches the recent 
remarkable progress of Germany as a 
ship-building nation ; "The Lumber In- 
dustry of the Pacific Coast" is described 
by Alvin Hovey-King; Mr. Thomas C. 
Martin gives the latest information as to 
" Long Distance Power-Transmission in 
Canada" ; and the work of the first fed- 
eral Parliament of Australia is reviewed 
by the Hon. Hugh H. Lu9k. Other im- 
portant topics of the day are editorially 
treated in " The Progress of the World." 



The Cosmopolitan Magazine for March 
contains a number of noteworty articles. 
" The Police System of Europe,"" by Ave 
ry D. Andrews, formerly Police Comrnis- 
sioner of New York, embodies many of 
the results of the investigations of the 
author on his recent official visit to Eu- 
rope, where he went to study the police 
systems of the leading countries. It is 
capitally illustrated. "The Selection of 
a Home," by Clarence A. Martin, Profes- 
sor Architecture at Cornell University, is 
the first of twelve articles on the general 
subject of " How to Administer a House- 
hold." Louise Parks Richards contri- 
butes an interesting personal sketch of 
the great painter, Von Lenbach. Two 
other character sketches deal with James 
Brooks Dill, the prominent corporation 
lawyer, and Edward Henry Harriman, 
the Western Railroad Czar. Elbert Hub 
bard, in article on "A Gladiatorial Re- 
naissance," makes out a strong case 
against football as it is played to day, 
and Tom Masson discusses how many 
men a girl should be engaged to before 
she marries. "The Woman of Fifty," 
by Mrs. Wi.son Woodrow, deals with the 
victory of modern woman over her he- 
reditary enemy, Time. Other articles 
are : " The Young Napoleon," by Field- 
marshal Viscount Wolseley. K. P.; " Man- 
kind in the Making," by H. G. Wells ; 
Insurance as a Profession," by Charles 
F. Thwing, LL. D., President of the West- 
xu 11 «» se , rve University ; and " Beauty in 
the Modern Chorus." The March Cos- 
mopolitan also contains four complete 
stories m addition to Henry Seton Merri- 
mane i new novel, " Barlasch of the 
Guard." 




POPULAR GOODS-POPULAR PRICES. 

"SSSf* New Universal 

HAND SEEDERS AND CULTIVATORS. 

^^Smtable forevery 
work. 




All styles. Only combination 1 and 2 wheel cultivator and 
drill made. Everyway adjustable. All our tools have 
tough oak bent handles and are made of best material 
throughout. Send for catalog 1 , describing complete line of 
labor saving specialties. Free. AMES PLOW CO 



STAR PATTERN 

BILLINGS 
Is the latest, and it drops 
at twelve different " 




Planter and Fertilizer 

For CORN, 

BEANS, PEAS 

and 

BEET SEED. 

If you want them, we fur- 
nish Marker and Trip At- 
tachment for rowing both 
ways. 



Wew Universal 
Wheel Plows. 

THREE STYLES. 

The best made. Light and strong. 
56 MARKET ST., BOSTON, MASS. 




For Sale by GRIFFITH & TURNER CO., Baltimore, Md. 



JERSEY CAT 



Bred from high-testing St. Lambert Cows. 

LARGE YORKSHIRE HOGS. 

The BACON BREED now leading all other breeds for making 
high-priced bacon. 

INDIAN GAMES— The king of table fowls. 

WHITE WYANDOTTES— The best general-purpose fowl. 

WHITE LEGHORNS— All sold out. 
Address 

B©AnZ7«£ONT T=y*R7USS, Srlbm, *£k. 



SIR JOHN BULL and UNCLE SAM 

Have become so famous that I found a multiplication of their progeny 
necessary to the filling of orders ; hence I have added a large 

number of purest-bred Imported and 
American Sows, no akin to my old herd, 
and most of them now in farrow to Im- 
ported Berkshire Boars of a new strain. 




HUNTING DOGS and PUPS FOR SALB. 



A DURHAfl BULL CALF, a picture, 
cheap. Write for particulars. 

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, Lexington, Ts. 



When corresponding -with adrertlsers, always mention 
The Sonthern Planter. 



, 



206 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[March 



BOOKS. 
Home Floriculture. A Practical Guide 
to the Treatment of Flowering and Or- 
namental Plants in the House and Gar- 
den. By Eben E. Rexford. Illustra- 
ted, 5x7 inches, 300 pages, cloth. Or- 
ange JuJd Company, New York. Price 
postpaid, $1. 

This fascinating book is written by one 
of the most experienced amateur flori- 
culturists and most pleasing writers in 
this country. His intimate knowledge 
of the wants of the people has convinced 
him what is wanted in this direction is 
not scientific text-books, but plain, prac- 
tical, easily understood information, 
which will enable those who love flowers 
to grow them successfully. It has been 
written from the author's life long per- 
sonal experience among flowers, and not 
from theory. Every detail in the princi- 
ples and practice of plant growth and 
management is concisely, clearly and mi- 
nutely explained, and yet there is not an 
unnecessary line in the book. 

It treats on the soil for plants in pots, 
potting, watering plants, insects and how 
to fight them, care of house plants dur- 
ing summer, fertilizers, diseases of plants, 
winter precautions, dormant plants, ap- 
pliances for the amateur's use, small 
greenhouses. Very complete lists and 
descriptions of plants best adapted to 
window culture are given, also of the 
best outdoor annuals, hardy perennials, 
shrubs, and plants for various purposes. 
The closing chapter, entitled "After 
Thoughts," forms a unique and pleasing 
combination of floricultural odds and 
ends, without which the book would 
have been deprived of one of its most 
instructive and attractive features. Over 
70 excellent illustrations add considera- 
bly to the artistic appearance of the 
book. 

We can supply the book z.t the pub- 
lished price. 

PAMPHLETS, &c. 
The Menace of Arid Lands. An Ad- 
dress delivered at the Farmers' National 
Congress at Macon, Ga., by Gilbert M. 
Tucker Editor of the Country Gentleman. 
Mr. Tucker takes up strong ground in op- 

E:>sition to the irrigation work which it is 
oped to put upon the back of " Uncle 
Sam." He thinks it would be well to let 
this alone until the farmers of the East 
have had a period of prosperity long 
enough to enable them to show what 
Eastern lands can be made to produce. 
No objection whatever to the owners of 
arid lands doing all they can to make 
their lands productive at their own ex- 
pense. This is what the Eastern farmer 
has to do. 

Report of the A. 0. U. Committee on 
the Protection of North American Birds 
and of the National Committee of Audu- 
bon Societies. The good wo. k done by 
these Societies deserves every support 
from farmers. The birds are his true 
friends and ought to be protected by him 
in every way possible. 




MACHINE MANUFACTURE 



IS THE 



Mccormick 

BINDER . . . 



During 1902 more McCormick machines were sold than in 
any previous year, a fact which attests the wide-spread 
popularity of the world-renowned machine. The seventy- 
two years success of the McCormick has made this name a 
rr^^^^^z^rmzzz: household word throughout the world. 

The McCormick is the machine to buy for 1903. 
Write for beautiful McCormick calendar and copy of 1903 book entitled "A MODEL 
MACHINE." 

W. K. BACHE, Gen. Agt. for McCormick Machine, 

RICHMOND, - VIRGINIK. 



Reg. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN 

CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje and 

Artis families. Heavy milkers and rich in butter fat. 

Stock of all ages for sale. 

Re<). BERKSHIRES From noted strains, Imported Headlight, Lord 

Highclere and Sunrise. 

^_DO/?SET SHEER. _^£> 

B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS, Fifteen Cockerels for sale. 

N. and W. and Southern R. R. T. O. SANDY, Burkeviile, Va. 



'THE 
OAKS 



SHORTHORNS 



FOR 
SALE 



We tender thanks to Senator Martin A R ? g - ? ul1 C ^ lve8 \ ?, R ?P-p.°™< 1 three-year-old Reg. Bull (immune) raised south* 
for copy of the Congressional Directory of Petersbur g- Va - A11 "g h * in e ^ery particular. 
2nd session 57th Congress. ' I »■ n B. B. BUCHANAN, Bedford City, Va. 



1903. J 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



207 




BILTMORE FARMS. - Biltmore. N. C. 
Headquarters for GOLDEN LAD JERSEYS, 

Also get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGOLD. * * j» 

GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR, First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the 
champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both 
born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls. 

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with an individuality 
that wins in the show ring. 

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever offered, both for breed- 
ing and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many of these 
calves are fit to Bhow and win in any company. 






BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS. 



* * 



SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from our prize- winning pens. Over 50 yards to select 
from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last two seasons. If you want winners you 
must breed from winners. 

Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES. 



apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biltmore. n. g. 



The most popular Machine in use for Peanut Picking and Grain Threshing are the 

HEEBNER'S. 
LITTLE GIANT *»° 
PENNSYLVANIA 

Machines, and they have splendid improvements for 1903. 
They are built in first-class manner, and are strong and dur- 
able. The price is within the reach of all. We guarantee 
them to do the work satisfactorily. We will mail catalogue 
and testimonials, and quote prices on application. 

RUBBER, LEATHER 

and 

GANDY BELTING. 





FRICK'S "ECLIPSE" 
ENGINES and BOILERS. 



"LITTLE 

SAMSON" 
Automatic 
Engine. 



ERIE ENGINES and BOILERS. 



THE CELEBRATED 

4 * CHASE" SAW MILLS 




and 



This cut shows our 5 and 7 h.-p, "Little 
Samsom" Vertical Automatic Engine, for 



" QC lOACH" MACHINFRY r UI i nin " threshers, peanut "pickersf cutting 



feed, sawing wood, etc. 
Larger sizes also furnished. 



STRATTON & BRAGG CO., 20-22 N. Sycamore St, Petersburg, Va 



208 



THE SOUTHBBN PLAUTER. 



[M* 



PRICES FOR CANNING CROPS. 

At a recent meeting of the Farmers' 
Produce Association of Central New York 
at Oneida, the following sc iedule of 
prices for products grown for canning fac- 
tories was adopted : 

Evergreen sweet corn, 65c. per 100 lbs.; 
Country Gentleman and Crosby corn, 80c; 
tomatoeB, $10 per ton ; beets, $15 and $18; 
peas, $2.25 per 100 lbs.; cucumbers, $12 
per ton. It was also agreed that in cases 
wtere members of the Association de- 
liver peas at the factory, and do not take 
away the vines, the operators of the fac- 
tory shall pay the farmer for the vines at 
the rate of $3 for each acre the farmer 
has devoted to the culture of peas. This 
schedule, in the form of an agreement, is 
to be circulated among the farmers of the 
adjoining towns for their signatures. 



Canners are now making contracts with 
the farmers in our county for growing 
peas. The seed supply is short, and the 
growers must pay $4 per bushel for the 
seed. The price to be paid for picked 
peas is 70 cents per bushel for " viner " 
peas, 2J cents per pound shelled peas, 
weighed as they come from the vines. It 
is not quite time for making contracts for 
tomato-growing. The canners claim that 
$8 per ton will be their limit, but it will 
not be surprising if the price will be $9 
per ton around this place. A t this amount 
per ton, another year of good yields will 
leave the farmers in fine financial condi 
tion. — W. G. Dawson, Dorchester county 
Md., President Peninsula Horticultural 
Society. 



HYMKS UP TO DATE. 

An old gentleman of eighty-two, whose 
occasionally cynical speeches are always 
tinged with good humor, was asked hi« 
opinion of modern church music. 

" It's all very fine," he said dry'y, 
u and I like to hear it ; but there's one 
thing I've noticed. It may be just 
chance, but I've noticed it a good many 
times. 

" When I was a boy, the people went 
to two services a day, and sometimes 
three, and they sat on hard seats with 
straight backs, and sang with all their 
hearts — 

" My God, the spring of all my joys." 

" Now the congregation lean comforta 
bly back in softly cushioned pews and 
listen to the choir singing — 

"Art thou weary, art thou languid." 

I may be mistaken, but it comes home 
to me, every now and then, that hym- 
nology is changing to suit the times. 



™" She used to say she'd never marry a 
man who wasn't as beautiful as a Greek 
god. What is her husband like?" 

"Well, he's left-handed, cross-eyed, 
stammers, and has a 'game' leg. He may 
be a Greek god turned inside out, though." 

Stranger (meeting old friend in New 
York). — How de do? Still living in New 
York, eh? 

* Gothamite (who has just had half a 
dozen narrow escapee from vehicles, sib- 
way explosions and dead wires). — Y-e-s 
— still living. 



MAUD MULLER 



r ^ raked tiny 
in me 




old fashioned 
way. 





IDEM. 
RAKES MOWERS 

are used nowadays 
by up~Id date farmers. 

DEERING DIVISION 
INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER CO. 

OF AMERICA 

^- CHICAGO, U.S.A. 



CISMONT DORSETS.. 



"-\ 



CI8MONT STOCK FARM offers well developed young 
Dorsets of the best blood of England and America. 



Prices reasonable. 



G. S. UNDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va. 



THERE 5 A HEN ON 




her duty 



ffi 



inking you easy money, when 
install The lluwkeye Jucubutor. 
.ade in sizes to suit your needs, from GO 
eggs to 200, all of the finest and most approv- 
ed construction and fruaruiitcvd in every 
particular. Our little price includes every- 
thing needed, ^ecendour incubators ou 
30 DAYS' FREE TRIAL. Send for free 
illustrated catalogue describing fully all 
sizes of Hawkeye Incubators and Brooders, 
mentioning this paper, or send 10c and we 
will send you catalogue aad a leading poul- 
try paper for one year. 
HWWKEYE INCUBATOR CO., Box 49, Newton, Iowa. 



%X 



^ 



<;* INCUBATORS ON 30 DAYS' TRIAL. THE WORLD'S BEST STANDARD HATCHER. J> 

Thousands of these Incubators are in successful 
operation In the United Slates, Canada, South 
Africa., New Zealand, Sweeden, England, Hollar d, 
and Germany. These machines operate to perfec- 
tion and always bring off a large brood of strong, 
healthy chicks. Catalogue with full particulars 
free for the asking. The Standard F. C. Incubator Co., Dept. 5, Rochester, N. Y.. U. S. A. 





1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLAIJTEB. 



209 



$18.50 




for thin learn harnoas, cut from 
oak -t»nnM l,".lt,er, traces! % hi. 
16 ft. licca: ilw>k & Tmitpads. 

AQ sMcg to plolt from. 

*JO Single lume^i S1.4i to 
$21.00- Double, 110.00 to ftf 00. 




for this 12-18 .ill steel disc 
harrow ; has genuine Ln- 
dow bumpers. Dust proof 
oil tubes. 

The Most Perfect Made. 

We have other etyle discs 
for |15.25. We wave you 
about 1-? in price. 



steel lever harrow; cats 
10 ft ; 60 teeth, 2 sections. 

$2- 10 




Steel fleam Cultivator, 

plain, with 5 shovels. 




Mathews New 
Model garden 
drill, large she with 11 toots. 
AJ ]r ^TtheComssdrlil 
W^.fOonly, same princi- 
ple a« above. If you want a 
garden tool, write as. 




Calumet check row 
planter with automatic 
reel and 80 rods wire. 
Never mi s^s, drops In 
liilisandd ills. Wechil- 
lenge the world wiihthi* 
planter. WU1 ship on trial. 




for this 

2 horse cnltivaior, 
tails at «15 to $18. 
O I C fJC for riding cu!- 
t) I 0. DO ti valor. Seven 
styltif, 26 combinations. 
Most Wonderful Cul- 
tivator Bargains ever 
offered. Also Plows. 



Re- 



50C Triumph j 




4& **.»*! Xam ■*■■■■•* d***&>*r*%**.n>nmm** It has 43? paees, si.-*e 9x11 inches. Postage is 15c, b'ttif vou will 
9CRU TOP UUP VaXaiVyUecuttiiisadoutandseiiaittouswewillmailthecatalogFREE. 



MARVIN SMITH CO., 



One-Horco 

Com. Bean 

and Qardea 

Seeder. Dropt __ 

hills and drill, 1 2 acres a day. 

pfl. Crank SMder, 
" u " fow, wheat, oata 1 
and crasa aecd 4 to 10 ' 
aerea an hour. Fire other 
style,. Send for catalog,*. 
&&.5?-5» N. Jefferson SU, 
OUICACiO, ILL. 



A distinguished lawyer and politician 
was travelling on a train wh^n an Irish 
woman came into the car with a backet, 
bundle, etc. She paid her fa^e, but the 
conductor passed by the lawyer without 
collecting anything. The good woman 
thereupon said to the lawyer, "An' faith 
an' why is it that the conductor takes the 
money of a poor woman an' don't ask ye, 
who seem to be a rich man, for any- 
thing?" The lawyer, who had a pass, 
replied, " My dear madam, I'm travelling 
on my beauty." The woman looked at 
him for a moment, and then quickly an 
swered, "An' is that so? Then ye must 
be very near yer journey's end " 



A Scotchman in London noticed a 
bald-headed druggist standing at his 
shop door, and inquired if he had any 
hair restorer. 

"Yes, sir," said the druggist; "step in 
side, please. There's an artitcle I can 
recommend. Testimonials from great 
men who have used it. It makes the 
hair grow in twenty-four hours." 

"Aweel," said the Scot, "ye can gie the 
top o' yer head a bit rub wi' it; and I'll 
look back the morn, and see if ye're tell- 
ing the truth." 

The druggist returned the bottle to the 
shelf, and kicked the errand boy for 
laughing. 



ANIMEFIELD HEREFORDS, 

" PRINCE RUPERT," No. 79539. 

Winner Sweepstakes at Kansas City, 19C1. Herd rich in " Anxiety " blood. 

BERKSHIRE HOQS^^> 

FINEST STRAINS OF BLOOD. 
INSPECTION INVITED CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED. 

EDWARD G. BUTLER, - " Annefield Farms," Briggs, Clarke Co., Va. 



BACON HALL FARM. 




BEBISTEBEB CATTLE 



TOP" BREEDING, CALVES NOT AKIN. 
MOTTO— Satisfaction or no Sale. 



E. M. GILLET & SON, 



Glencoe, Maryland. 



In an Iowa court, recently, a lawyer 
arguing his case became very earnest. 
Then he paused a moment and said : " I 
see Your Honor shakes your head as to 
that statement, but I desire to re affirm 
what I have remarked." The court re- 
torted : '• I have not intimated how I 
shall construe your evidence or what my 
decision shall be. Your remarks are un- 
called for." "You shook vour head," 
was the reply." "That may be true," 
retorted the court. " There was a fly on 
my ear, and I reserve the right to remove 
it any manner I see fit. Proceed with 
your argument." 

"Excuse me, but I am in a hurry. 
"What do you want?" he was asked. 
"A job." " Do you ? Well," snorted the 
man of business, " why are you in such 
a hurry ?" " Got to hurry," replied the 
boy. " Left school yesterday to go to 
work, and haven't struck anything yet. 
I can't waste time. If you've got nothing 
for me to do, say so, and I'll look else- 
where. The only place I can stop long 
is where they pay me for it." " When 
can you come?" asked the surprised mer- 
chant. " Don't have to come," he was 
told. " I'm here now, and would have 
been to work before this if you had said 
«o." 




HEKEFORit CATTi*.— Calves, entitled to registration, $75 to 1100. Grade Calves by "Sir 
Edward" SZ5 to WO. 

SHROPRHIIE SHEEP — Bucks, one year old and over, 115 to $28. Buck Lambs, July de- 
livery, $10. and $12. Ewe Lambs, July delivery, $8. and $10. 



POE4ND-OHIS A HOCS Pigs, six weeks old, $6. 

Pigs, Ut» months and over, $16 to $30. 



Pigs, two or three months old, $7J0. 



M . BKOISZE T17R itETN — Toms, $4. Hens, $3. Eggs, per sitting of 12, when In season, $4. 
MUBCOVT DI7CKN — Pare White Drakes, $1.35. Pure White Ducks, $1. .Pairs, $2.26; trloa, 1 
BARRED PITMIUTH ROOKS. 
KOPEK ftEESE — Gander., $3.M. Gesso, $4.50. Eggs, per sitting, $3.00 

WILLIAM L, Jr., No. 21058, half brother of AxteU, will serve a limited number of mare* ft 
$26 the season. Mares boarded at lownat figures per month. 



210 



THE 80UTHEBN PLANTER. 



[March 



WHOLESALE PRICE ON AGRICUL- 
TURAL CHEMICALS AND FERTI- 
LIZERS. 

The demand continues strong for the 
leading ammonidtes, without, however, 
any special feature. Nitrates are firm 
and business is of moderate proportions, 
while inquiry from the Western farmers 
is expected to develop before long. 
Prices for potash salts have been fixed 
for the year, and will remain unchanged 
until the first of March next, when the 
customary enhancements take place. 

AMMONIATKS. 

Nitrate of soda, spot, per 100 lbs..$ 2 05 
Cotton-seed meal, per ton, c. i. f. 

N.Y 28 00 

Sulph. ammonia, spot 3 15 

Dried blood, New York, low grade. 2 65 
Dried blood, Western, high grade, 

fine ground 2 75 

Fish scrap, at New York 10 

Tankage, per unit 10 

PHOSPHATES. 

Acid phosphate, per unit 60 

Bone black, spot, per ton 17 00 

Ground bone, per ton 23 50 

8. C. phosphate rock, ground, per 
2,000 lbs 5 50 

S. C. phosphate rock, f. o. b. Ash 
ley River, 2,400 lbs , dried 3 50 

Florida high grade phos. rock, f. 
o. b. Fernandina, per ton 7 00 

Tennessee phosphate, f. o. b. Mt. 
Pleasant, domestic 3 60 

Double manure salt (48 a 49 per 
cent, less than 2£ per cent, chlo- 
rine), per lb., shipment 1 09 

Basis 48 per cent. 

High grade manure salt (90 a 93 
per cent, sulphate potash), ship- 
ment 2 08 

Basis 90 per cent. 

Manure salt, in bulk, 20 per cent, 
per unit, O. P 64 

POTASH. 

Kainit, future shipment, per ton... 9 05 
Keiaeret, future shipment, per ton 7 35 
Mur. potash, 80 p. c, future ship- 
ment 1 80 

— N. Y. Jour, of Commerce, Feb. 17, 1903. 
[Only highest prices quoted. — S. P.] 

SUREHOLD TRUSSES. 
Mr. Alex. Speirs, Westbrook, Maine, 
has testimonials from cured patients in 
every State in the Union and in Canada 
who have used his Surehold Trusses and 
the medicine he recommends with per- 
manent beneficial results. He asks an 
opportunity of sending to every sufferer 
from hernia and kindred ills his free in- 
formation for their benefit. 



POLAND CHINA BOARS' 

THE KIND THAT GETS BIC 

Send your check and we will fend you as good a pig as money will buy 
anywhere, aired by a son of " Proud Perfection." We pay the expressage. 
No guesswork what the cost will be. If you don't like the pig, give it a good 
feed, send it Back, exprrssage prepaid, and we will return your check. 

We are careful in selecting animals and would Dot sell a poor one at ANY 
PRICE, for it would spoil our trade. PRICES :— 2 months old, $10 ; 3 months 
old, $11 ; 4 months old, .$12. No more sows or sow pigs for sale. 

a BULLFIELD FARMS, - Doswell, Virginia. 



^\s^^^ ^^i^^^^^\^^^^\^ s ^^^^^E^ ^^^^\\s^^ 



LARGE ENGLISH BERKSHIRES 



IMPORTED IN 1902. 



OUR HERD IS CHOICE, BUT NOT LARGE. 

Would you like your boy to get interested in Stock-raising and 
Farming? Then why not buy a pair of CHOICE BERK- 
SHIRE PIGS and give him a start. WRITE 



m FOREST HOME FARM, 



Purcellville, Vo 



iift rel^I^raiisifHJLgiugE^E^ 



151 

m 

5 
5 

m 
@ 



There is some pleasure in coming upon 
an anecdote in which the barber does not 
have the 'ast word. Judge relates this 
dialogue: "Hair's very thin, sir." "It 
was thinner than that thirty years ago" 
"Indeed, sir! You surprise me. Why, 
you don't look more than thirty now, 
sir!" "Thirty yesterday I" 

" Whv do you insist upon my pet bull- 
dog riding in the baggage car? ' asked the 
indignant matron. 

" Because he has a grip, ma'am," chuck- 
ed the porter." 



ECCS for HATCHING 

From Fowls of High Merit, Fresh, and a Good Hatch 
> Guaranteed of the following varieties : — 

| PLYMOUTH ROCKS, BROWN LEGHORNS, WHITE LEGHORNS 
I and PEKIN DUCKS at $1.00 per sitting of 15. 

I BRONZE TURKEY Eggs, $3 per doz. 

Jersey and Guernsey Cattle and Berkshire Pigs. Four handsome c 

Great Danes and three Fox Terrier Puppies. % 

M. B. ROWE A CO., Fredericksburg. Va. $ 

EASTERN SHORE POULTRY FARM. 

S. C. WHITE, BROWN and BUFE LEGHORNS. 

THE EGG MACHINES OF POULTRY DOM. 

The record at Rich shows as Washington, D. C , Philadelphia and New York proves 

the quality of my stock is second to none. I always breed my winners. 

Correspondece cheerfully answered. 

A. C. VAN DEM AN. leghorn specialist, Parksley. Va. 




OLIVE'S PRIDE. 



The GRFATEST OF ALL NEW STRAWBERRIES 
It contains more points of excellenc 
than any other variety introduced in 
recent years. WRITE FOR FREE CATALOGUE; it tells you all about this 
grand variety and forty other varieties of choice stock free from all diseases. 
Second crop Seed Potatoes, etc. j w HALLi MARION Station, Md. 



100 Varieties. If you wish the 
best and earliest, you must 
, Mark, Mrs. Mark Hanna Howell 
from 5 to 6 weeks. 200.000 Early 
Jersey, Wakefield Cabbage and Lettuce Plants ready to plant any time. Hardy Chrysanthe- 
mums, Dahlias, Tobacco Dust, etc. Address Originator, MARK T. THOMPSON, Rio Vista, Va. 



i nnn nnn strawberry plants 

I ■ U ilUi UU W l' 1 ''" 1 them. Thompson's Parliest, Mai 
■ 7 ^^ ^ m ^^ * ^^ ^^ ^^ and Aroma will prolong the season fro 



1903. J 



THE SOUTHERN PL ANTES. 



211 




'But; a PLANO and get 
LASTING SATISFACTION 

For five years past you have not seen our advertisement in this 
paper— we'v e been"ciam full"of business; had no need for more Our 
factories have been growing, but the satisfying quality of our machines 
remains the same-a quality that's hard to nut h Bt any price macnines 

The Piano Binder holds the world's record for accurate tvine- is the onlv 
harvester with a Fly Wheel, I,ever Driven Binder, Friction Clutch Reel etc Y 

The Jones Vertical Mower, though one of the simplest mowers made' shows 
many valuable features found m no other. Its gifting I^ver brings the blr 
straight up to pass a tree or stump. b 

The Piano Husker and Shredder and Corn Binder are among the latest tri- 
umphs of farm implement construction; get doubU profit from the corn croo 

The Piano catalogue tells more about them— its free 

PLANO DIVISION 

Internationa! Harvester Co. of America, Chicago. Ills. 




CATALOGUES. 
How to Make Mouey with Poultry and 
Incubators, Complete Catalogue Cyphers 
Incubator Company, Buffalo, N. Y. This 
is one of the finest catalogues we have 
ever seen gotten out by any Incubator 
Co. It reflects the highest credit on the 
Co. 



Peter Henderson & Co., Courtland St., 
N. Y. Everything for Garden. Price 
20 cents. Like everything else gotten 
out by this Co., this catalogue is a credit 
to the firm. Their old standing has given 
them a reputation of which they are 
jealous. 




Weber Gasoline Engines and Hoists, 
Kansas City, Mo. This firm has adapted 
the gasoline engine to all kinds of work, 
and makes it a success. 



W. F. Allen, Salisbury, Md. Strawber- 
ry Catalogue. Mr. Allen is an old grower 
with an established reputation. 

Jno. W. Hall, Marion Station, Md. Mr. 
Hall makes a specialty of strawberries' 
and second-crop potatoes for seed. He 
has built up a trade in these and means 
to keep it if quality and price are counted. 

Morrell & Morley, Benton Harbor. 
Mich. Eclipse Spray Pumps and Spray- 
ing Apparatus. Makers of some of the 
best pumps and sprayers in use. 

Field Fo-ce Pump Co., Elmira, N. Y. 
Spraying Pumps, Well Pumps, Force 
Pumps, Nozzles, etc. A reliable house. 

Wm. Cooper & Nephew, Illinois St., 
Chicago. Makers of Cooper's world- 
known Sheep Dip. 

Hammond's Slug Rho\ Benj. Ham- 
mond, Fishkill on Hudson, N. Y. In- 
secticides and Fungicides. 

Diggs & Beadles Inc., 1711 Franklin St., 
Richmond, Seedsmen. A very neatly 
gotten-up catalogue. 

Mention the Southern Planterwhen cor- 
esponding with advertisers. 



TWO CROP ESSENTIALS 

are cultivation and keeping down weeds. 
More important than deep cultivation is 
keeping the surface stirred, breaking the 
crust due to rains, and allowing the light, 
air, moisture and warmth to penetrate 
quickly to the roots of the growing plant. 

IjFor doing just these things the ideal imple- 

"ment is the 

Adjustable Weeder 
and Shallow Cultivator. 

It kills the weeds at first showing, the top soil is pulverized and kept mellow, the plant 
roots are not disturbed and the moist soil is not brought up to dry in the sun. Adjustable 
in width. Narrows to 30 inches, widens to 7% feet. Strong, runs steady, no cumbersome 
shafts. Furnished either with round teeth or with flat to suit different soils, as we are 
licensed by the Hallock Weeder Company to use their famous flat teeth. Weeder booklet 
mailed free. We also make 10 styles Corn'Planters, 12 styles Cultivators, 20 styles Corn Shel- 
ters, hand and power, Harrows, Field Rollers, Feed Cutters, etc. Write for catalogue C. 

KEYSTONE FARM MACHINE CO.," 1554 N. Beaver St., York, Pa. 



KEYSTONE 



A Perfect Weeder 

in ail soils, under all conditions. The all important feature of flexibility 
of teeth is near perfection in the YORK IMPROVED. 

Made of square spring steel with round points, anil set stag- 
gered in strong but flexible angle steel frame. Wide clearance, no 
clo.re'iiff- teeth too etronir to break. Multiplies producing qualities 
of soil .and doe? not whip or bruise growing plant. Adjustable 
handles aodshafts. V." rite for free deseripiive circular. 

Cpar?p r ":r Manufacturing Co., SOI Queen street, York, Pa. 



™^^WW r VW,' 'T 1 




SP^. 



ING IS EASY 



and you have an outfit always ready at a moment's 
notice for a small or large job in the 

GARFIELD KNAPSACK SPRAYER. 

Best sprayer made for nine-tenths of all work, as Cotton, Tobacco, Potatoes, Gardens, 
Shrubbery, etc. Easily carried and worked, simple and durable. Copper tank concaved to fit 
back, and all brass pomp. Nothing to corrode. We also make the Empire King and Orchard 
Monarch, mounted sprayers for large operations, and others for all purposes. Fully described 
in free catalog. Write forit. FIELD FORCE PUMP CO., 223 Eleventh St,.EImira. N.Y. 




HOLSTEINS THAT PAY. 

Purchasers are offered selections from our herd, both male and female ; 
our cows are of the leading strains, including De Kols, Pauline Pauls, Mech- 
thildes. Hengervelds, Nether ands, Aggies, etc., etc. They are -11 well bred 
and milking from 40 to 65 lbs. per day. Herd headed by Dry ALWINA 
Count Paul De Kol and DeKol 29 Butter Boy 3rd No. 2. . 

THOS. FASSITT & SONS, Ury Stock Farm, Svlmar, Md. 



212 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[March 



If the two young people of whom "An- 
swers" tells this story were not reconciled 
by their own absurdity, they at least fur- 
nished amusement for others, 
f They had been engaged, but had quar- 
reled, and were too proud to make up. 
Both were anxious to have people be- 
lieve that they had entirely fo. gotten 
each other. 

He called at her home one day to see 
her father — on business, of course. She 
answered the door-bell. 

Said he : "Ah, Miss Jepkin, I believe. 
Is your father in ?" 

" No, sit," she replied, " father is not 
in at present. Do you wish to see him 
personally?" 

" I do," he answered, feeling that she 
was yielding, " on very particular per- 
sonal business," and he turned proudly 
to go away. 

" I beg your pardon," she cried after 
him, as he reached the lowest step, " but 
who shall I say called ?" 



The little daughter of the house sat 
down beside the minister, and began to 
draw on her elate. "What are you doing?" 
asked the clergyman. " I am making 
your picture," said the child. She work- 
ed away earnestly, then stopped, com- 
pared her work with the original, and 
shook her head. " I don't like it much," 
she said. " 'Taint a great deal like you. 
I guess I'll put a tail to it, and call it a 
dog." 



The pamphlet, "Stassfurt Industry," 
ust published, contains an interesting 
description of the famous potash mines 
in Germany, from which all the potash 
imported into this country and used for 
manuring is derived. The chapter about 
the uee of potash in agriculture as one of 
the important ingredients of a complete 
fertilizer, adds largely to the value of the 
book, and among the many fine illustra- 
tions, those showing the experiments at 
Southern Pines, N. C. are of particular 
interest to practical farmers. Copies of 
this pamphlet can be bad free by writing 
to the German Kali Works 93 Nassau 
St., N. Y., and mentioning the Southern 
Planter. 



The Morewood Poultry Farm sends us 
its annual catalogue. It is descriptive 
of their prize-winning Plymouth Rock 
White Wyandottes, Black Minorcas and 
Partridge ^Cochins. This catalogue in 
nicely gotten up and will be sent free to 
all applicants. 

A county curate in England who was 
newly married called on a great lady of 
the village, and. as he presented his wife, 
introduced her with the flippant and hor 
ribly ill bred quotation, "'A poor thing, 
madam, but mine own.'" The lady, 
looking at the curate severely, replied : 
" Your wife ought to have introduced 
you as 'A poorer thing, but mine owner.' " 



"These aren't the kind of biscuits my 
mother used to make," he said. " Oh, 
George" she faltered, on the verge of 
tears. " Well, they're not," he repeated, 
emphatically. " They're enough sight 
better." And then the sun came out 
again. 



LONGS WHITE TARTAR OAT 

The Ideal Oat for the American Farmer. 

Eemarkably early, of robust and vigorous constitution. Immense yielder. Described and 
illustrated in our Catalogue of this season. 75e. per peck; $2.00 per bush, of 32 lbs.; 
10 bush., $1.85 per bush.; 50 bush., $1.75 per bush.; 100 bush., $1.65 per bush. 

Our AMERICAN FARMEKS' MANUAL for 1903, a book of 44 pages (85 illustra- 
tions) devoted entirely to Grass and other Seeds for the Farm, mailed free on application to 
those who state where they saw this advertisement. Correspondence invited. 

PETER HENDERSON & C0.,SwNEW YORK. 




AMALGAM 

STEEL BELLS 

( WARRANTED ) 

15 in., 40 lbs.. $1.48; 17 In., 50 lbs.. $1.88; 19 In. 75 lbs.. $2.48. 
F. O. B. Sbiloh, Richmond or New York. 
Southern agents for "Eclipse" Orchard Spray Pumps, made 
by Morrill & Morley, Bentor Harbor, Mich.; Cat. free. We pay 
freight on same. Frick Co.'s Engines, Threshers, Saw Mills, etc., 
easy payments. Cat. free. Gas and Gasolene Engines. Canning 
Machinery, Buggies, Surreys, Wasjons, etc. Original " Dandy" 
Belting, 7 In., 4 ply, per ft., 20c; 8 in., 22c.; 10 in., 28c. Disston 
Saws and Joints and holders. Orders from this point whole- 
sale to consumers. 

ECLIPSE HARDWARE and M'F'G CO., Box R, Shilob, Va. 



BLACKLEGINE 

Pasteur Blackleg Vaccine ready for use. IeparatI? 

Single Blacklegine (for common stock): 10 dose box, $1.50; 
20 dose box, $2.50; 50 dose box, $6.00. Double Blacklegine (for 
choice stock) $2.00 for 10 doses, first lymph and second lymph inclu- 
sive. Blacklegine Outfit for applying Blacklegine, 50 cents. 

Pasteur Vaccine Co., 

CHICAGO - NEW YORK - FT. WORTH - SAN FRANCISCa 



RICH HARVESTS 

WILL BE REAPED BY 

SPRAYING NOW. 



AH kinds and sizes of SPRAY PUilPS. 



Write for new catalogues and price-lists. 

Our pumps are used by the Virginia and North 

Carolina Agricultural Departments. 



SYDNOR PUMP AND WELL CO., Inc., 

Box 946, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 

GASOLINE ENGINES, WIND MILLS, 

RAMS, TANKS. 

WATER SUPPLY CONTRACTORS. 

ARTESIAN WELL DRILLERS. 




The Weed Kerosene Sprayer, with de- 
tachable kerosene tank, a buckei, knap 
sack and kerosone sprayer all in one. 



lf03.J 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



213 



Hackney Stallion Cismont, 



_A_. H. S. IB. 399. 



IN THE STUD AT CISMONT FARM, 

One and a half miles from Keswick, Va., on the C. & 0. Railroad. 



Telephone Connection with CHARLOTTESVILLE and RICHMOND, VA. 



For approved mares, $10.00 the season with return privilege, or 

$15.00 to insure. 




G. S. LINDENKOHL, Owner, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va. 



IMFERIfll FRUIT AND POULTRY FARM 

Is now booking orders for Eggs from the best strains and careful matings of 

Barred Buff and White Plymouth Rocks, 

Silver-Laced and White Wvandottes, 

S. C B. Leghorns and Mammoth Pekin Ducks, 

AT $1.00 RER SITTING. 
EGGS FROM BLACK DEVIL RIT GAMES, 

Never known to run. The grittiest of all games. $2 per Sitting. We give 15 Chicken and 13 Duck Eggs for sitting. 

Offer Fifty Barrels White French or Jerusalem Artichokes at $2.50 per 3 bus. bbl. 

The cheapest of all hog feeds. I raised 500 bushels on one acre of only fair land. Order at once. Write name and 
address plainly. Remember, the express is no more on 2 or 3 sittings than on one. Refer to Augusta National Bank 
and former patrons. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. 

P. H. HEYDENREICH, = Staunton, Va. 



214 



THE SOUTHERN PLA^TEE. 



(Marci 



HUMORS OF TRAVEL. 

I love the cheerful Western liar. He 
has more humor in him than the Eastern 
liar. He is at his best when talking to 
the tenderfoot. John Gould and I sat 
together on a Minnesota train ; John re 
sembles a deacon in the church and I 
<a,rry a meek and subdued countenance. 
The big burly man in the seat in front 
turning to us announced that he was 
from the Black Hills. We expressed our 
wonder. "That's a bad country out there," 
he went on. "You go into a butcher shop 
and the best cuts are eight cents ; that is 
because the meat is all 'rusted.' The 
men go out at night and shoot a steer 
and bring in his meat, leaving the hide 
where it lay. You see the brand is on 
the hide and they don't dare take that. 
A man can swear to the hide but not to 
the meat." 

"How are the cattle thriving out 
there?" I asked. "Fine. There have 
been no storms to amount to anything. 
If vou want to know about bad storms 
in Dakota you can find all about them in 
the Eastern papers ; you don't find them 
anywhere else. Yes, it is a fine cattle 
country, but after all it takes nearly four 
acres to support a steer a year." I ex 
pressed wonder and suggested that I had 
supposed that nearly forty acres would 
be required. "Yes, along the bluffs the 
land has all slid off into the river and 
left the rock bare. There it takes a good 
deal of country. I asked if there were 
many Texas cattle in his country. "'No, 
none at all. You see the Texas cattle 
have the tuberculosis so bad that the 
Government had to shoot more than 150 
at one time and since then they have not 
allowed them to come in. Texas cattle 
have tuberculosis, and in Texas it is 
very bad. I am breeding the black 
Angus Galloway Aberdeens; tbey are 
fine cattle and very hardy. The Gov- 
ernment agents kill a good many cattle 
to keep from losing their jobs. You see 
if they did not pretend to find some sick 
stock there would be no use for them 
and they might lose their jobs. You 
would laugh to Bee how they inspect 
horses for the cavalry. They will throw 
out three or four from each bunch, but 
that fellow will just put them into some 
other man's bunch and next time they 
will be passed all right and some others 
thrown out. In that way the Govern- 
mens agents keep their jobs." 

This is a sample of his talk. When I 
quietly told him that I had been a 
rancher myself and had traveled over 
every range State except Arizona, he 
drew in his horns and began to talk of 
miniDg operations, concerning which he 
had similar wonders to relate, such as 
finding wealth untold in digging a hotel 
cellar and blowing away all surrounding 
buildings with dynamite to get at the 
masses of ore. John Gould and I are 
having plenty of fun out here. 

Joseph E. Wing. 



P. Chinas 

Berkshire, 
C. Whites. Fine large 
strains. All ages, mated -^ 
not akin. 8 week. piga. ^a 

Bred sows. Service boars ^^ae — 

and Poultry. Write for prlcesand free circular. 
P F HAMILTON, Cochranville, Chester Co., Pa. 




The Miller MANURE SPREADER and PULVERIZER 

Is a machine every farmer should have. It will SAVE YOU its cost in a short while. 
IT MAKES FRIENDS WHEREVER SOLD. 




Agents wanted. 
Write for catalogue. 



lade for the Man 
Who Wants the 
Best. 



THE NEWARK MACHINE CO., - Newark, Ohio. 

Mention the Southern Planter when you write. 

THE GREAT WESTERN 

Manure Spreader 

is the only Spreader E |JpL tSS jJpDQfj and 




made that has an 



the 

many advantages which it possesses. It's always 

in place and ready to receive the load without 

any turning back either by hand or complicated, 

easily broken machinery. The front and rear 

axles are of same length which, with the 

Broad Tires Prevents Rutting 

of fields, meadows, etc. and makes 

LIGHT DRAFT. SPREADS ALL KINDS OF MANURE, I^i^^^^&^^^S^ 

hulls, etc. Can be changed Instantly to spread thick or thin while the machine Is in motion— 8 to S5 
load, per acre. . . £„*„ g^E j^g mm ^Q ^QQ PROTECTOR IN USE. » 



Has the only successful ! 



terial inevery way 
sold p'neiTlUC nillQlUTrr'as to quality, ~cai^^ one year 



Write for free Illustrated and Descrpttve 



under a 1*1101 lift UUOnflU I LL will be replaced without charge. 
Catalogue— the best and most complete spreader catalog ever published. 

SMITH MANURE SPREADER CO., 59 N. JEFFERSON STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. 



APMI? Pulverizing Harrow 

ft Of iVI b is%j#» Clod Crusher and Le 



Sizes 
3 to 13 1-2 Feet. 

Agents 
Wanted 




Leveler 



SENT ON TRIAL 

To be returned at my expense if not satisfactory. 
The best pulverizer — cheapest Riding Har- 
row on earth. We also make walk- 
ing Acmes. The Acme 
crushes, cuts, pulverizes, 
turns and levels all 
soils for all pur- 
ja, poses. Made en- 
§p tirely of cast steel 
and wrought iron 
—indestructible. 
Catalog and Booklet, "An Ideal Harrow," by Henry Stewart, mailed free. 
I deliver free on board at New York, Chicago, Columbus, Louisville, Kansas City, Minneapolis, San Francisco, etc. 
Address DUANR H. NASH SOI.F MANUFACTURER - MILLINGTON, NEW JERSEY. 

PLEASE MENTION THIS PAPER. 



RUMSEY-WILLIAMS COMPANY 





""-"■miiiniHiM mil i iii iii Bint 



GASOLINE ENGINES and 
GRAIN THRESHERS. 

ST. JOHNSV'LLE, NEW YORK. 



i903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTEB 



215 



LET THERE BE FREE BUYING 
COMPETITION. 

The United States Circuit Court says | 
that all of the big packers and the little 
ones too, for that matter, engaged in buy- i 
ing live stock at Chicago, must quit their 
secret methods employed to hold down 
prices. This is as it should be. The in 
junction of the Court against the so-called 
beef trust, if obeyed, must mean a broader 
market for farmers' shipments of meat 
animals to this great packing and distrib- 
uting centre. The arraignment against 
the long time actions of the cattle-buyers 
is concise, far reaching and just. 

The Court finds a clear case of combi- 
nation. It finds that the defendant are 
engaged in an unlawful conspiracy under 
the Sherman act.this being manifested in 
various ways : That the big packers of 
live stock direct their buyers at the yards 
to refrain from bidding against each 
other ; that they not infrequently bid 
higher prices for a few days in order to 
induce large shipments from the country, 
subsequently depressing the market to a 
point much below the normal level ; that 
they have secret agreements about fixing 
the prices of meats and the quantities to 
be shipped, and that they use harmful 
methods in restricting trade, requiring 
their agents throughout the United States 
to impose uniform cartage and delivery, 
thus increasing to dealers and consumers 
the cost of meat ; and, finally, that un- 
just agreements are made with the trans- 
portation companies for rebates and other 
discriminative rateB. 

This condition of affairs, succinctly 
described by the Federal Court, has long 
been so understood by common agree- 
ment in trade circles. But if the na- 
tional law, framed to regulate trusts, 
means anything, it should be enforced. 
The great packing interests of the coun- 
try have done much in the last twenty 
years to solve the question of economi- 
cal distribution of meat animals, and 
are given proper credit for this. It does 
not follow, however, that they can be 
permitted to crush out all competitive 
bidding in what should be a free and 
open live stock market at Chicago, at 
Missouri river points, or elsewhere. 



Gilhooley — Oi jist bought me a bottle 
of hair restorer. 

Mulcahey — But your hair ain't falling 
out. 

Gilhooley— Thot's jist it ! If Oi shtan 
uein' it now, Oi won't git bald when me 
hair does fall out. 



Offended Mother — Now, Bobby, don't 
let me speak to you again ! 

Bobby \ helplessly) — How can I pre- 
vent you, mamma? 



Ayrshires, Berkshires and Oxford-Downs. 

Ayrsnire calves of both sexes, Berkshire 
pigs and boar, and 2 Oxford-Down Rams For 
Sale. MELROSE CASTLE FARM, 

ENOS H. HESS, Manager, Casanova, Va. 



fob sale Menken- Jngus Cattle 

Choice breeding. Registered bulls ready for 
service. Address A. D. PARR, care A. G. PARR, 
Jeffersonton, Va. 



ft"' Hickor y Buggy Bargains 



Sold direct to user from factory at factory prices, sent anywhere on 30 DAYS' FREE TRIAL 
and guaranteed for two years. Our l <»<»:* catalogue I* now ready «uil contains liuii- 
ilretls <>l < xclll»iv<- »:y l.s ol 'vehicles ami harness of every description. It is free 
and you should send for it before buying a vehicle or harness. We manufacture every vehicle 
we offer for sale. If you get a Split Hickory you are sure of getting something that will please 
you and a bargain. Remember you can only buy a Split Hickory of us direct as we do not 
sell jobbers or dealers. 




SPLIT HICKORY 
HUMMER 

Has 30 oz. full rubber 

top, split hickory 

wheels, best steel 

axles & springs, 

finely finished, 

neat, strong and 

substantial, the 

best value ever 

offered at the price 

Sold on 30 days' free trial and If It don" t prove itself 

a bargain and if vou don't consider you have saved 

$15.00 send it back. 

And here Is our 



$35 $40 




Our 



SPLIT HICKORY 
SPECIAL 




the buggy that 
won such 
favor In every 
state In the 
union last 
year. Impos- 
sible to give 
description here, 
Has 100 points of 

merit. Nothing like it ever offered vehicle buyers 
before. We only ask a comparison with a $65.00 buggy 
at retail and if, in your judgment, it isn' t better don" t 
keep it. Costs you nothing for the trial 



SPLIT HICKORY 
WINNER 

It not only wins 
trade for us, hut 
praise from 
every user. Has 
genuine leath- 
er quarter top, 
spring cushion 
and back, boot, 
carpet, double 
braced shafts, In fact everything complete and up-to- 
date. Is roomy, comfortable, easy riding and light 
running. Everyone shipped on trial, no questions 
asked If not satisfactory; just send it back If it Isn't 
$20.00 cheaper than equal quality at retail. 

This is our 

Split Hickory 
"FASHION" 

extension tqp 

SURREY 

Roomy, com- 
fortable, strong 
and substantial. 
Equal to surreys 
that retail for 
from $100 to $125. 
Everyone shipped on 30 days' 



Will last a lifetime 
free trial and guaranteed two years 
Write at once for our free catalogue of vehicles and harness; a penny spent for a postal 
jay save you $25.00. Remember there is only one place to get Split Hickory Vehicle* 
nod that is at our factory. We have no agents. 
HIO CARRIAGE MFC. CO., - Station 41, Cincinnati, Ohio. 



v 30 YEARS SELLING DIRECT) 



Large 

['Catalogue 
I FREE 

iSood for it. 



No. 644— Top Bu^y; with 



We are the largest manufacturers of vehicles 
and harness in the world selling to con- 
sumers exclusively. 
WE HAVE NO AGENTS 

but ship anywhere for 
examination, guaran- 
teeing safe delivery. 
You are out nothing 
[ if not satisfied. We 
nake 195 styles of Te- 
f hides and 65 styles of 
harness. 

Visitors are always wel- 
come at our Factory. 

fin. Kelly Robber 



No. 327— Surrey. Price $78. 
As good as sells for $50 more. 



Tires. $32J». TSgioA as sells for $35 more. ELKHART CARRIAGE & HARNESS MFG. , CO. Elkhart, Ind. 



DEAL DIRECT % T E H FACTORY 

Don't pay retail price for carriages or harness. Write for our catalogue and 
learn about our system of selling direct from factory to customer. Two profits 
are saved to you. Sai isfaction is guaranteed, or you can return the purchase 
and we will pay freight churges both ways. We have the largest assortment 
of buirgit-s, surreys, pba?tons, carriages, and other high grade vehicles, as 
well as harness, horse rugs and other horse accessories, in America. 
Write for the catalogue to-day. 



THE COLUMBUS CARRIAGE & HARNESS COMPANY, 
Factory and General Office, COLUMBUS. 0. 1 Write to 

Western Office and Distributing House, ST. LOUIS, MO. J nearest office. 





and send to us and 



GUT THIS AD OUT , 

Free our 1903 spe- 
cial vehicle and harness catalogue. It has always been the most complete book printed, andfor 
1903 it is more complete than ever. It is the standard from which others figure— we lea !, the 
others follow. Top Buggies 27.00. The greatest buggy offer ever made at 
941.70 Top Buggies with guaranteed rubber tires at $45.00. 45 styles to 
select from. Surreys with canopy and extension tops, $46.7."> to $112. Phaetons, Driv- 
ing Wagons, Spring Wagons, etc. 145 styles vehicles, 98 styles harness to select from. 
WF GUAR ANTPF cver y v eWcle for 2 years and guarantee safe delivery. We 
fit QUA" AH I LL will ship you any vehicle without any money with order. 
Don't buy until you get our catalog and see our wonderful offers. 
MARVIN SMITH CO., 55-57-59 North Jefferson Street, Chicago, Illinois. 



When you write to an advertiser, always say you saw the adver- 
tisement in THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



216 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[March 



THE SAN JOSE SCALE 
PROPOSITION. 

By R. S. Emory, Kent County, Md. 

You could not begin the new year witli 
a proposition that is of greater interest to 
fruit-growers than the eradication of the 
San Jose scale. It is of interest to every 
horticulturist in this country, and most 
people who expect to grow fruit in the 
the future mu«t consider the scale in a 
very careful way in planning their or 
chards. The insect is now becoming BO 
generally disseminated, one can scar>:elj 
find an orchard of any very great extent 
that is exempt from it. I know of sev- 
eral peacn orchards, now dead from tht 
attacks of this pest, as a result of care 
lessness or indifference on ttie part of the 
owner, who did not consider the matter 
in a serious light. When these treet- 
should have been in their prime and 
yielding good returns, it was necessary to 
dig them up and burn them. We have 
to gr jw the trees before we can get the 
fruit, and in many cases the pests get be 
yond our control unless we keep a close 
watch on the creatures all the time. 

I know of one peach orchard five yeare 
old from which about 6.O1O baskets of 
fine fruit were picked and sold in 1901. 
while not a peach was gathered last year. 
The scale was so bad the trees were tori, 
out and destroyed. Another orchard sis 
years old had over 2,000 baskets picked 
from it last year and is now nearly dead, 
and will have to be taken up in the 
spring. These are illustrations of what 
this pest can do in a short time, if it it 
not taken in hand. In my own case, 1 
am satisfied that we shall be obliged t( 
practice different methods of fruit-grow- 
ing, if we retain control of our orchards. 
Hereafter I shall practice more intensivt 
culture, plant my trees nearer together 
head them near the ground and givt 
more careful attention to larger area con 
taining a larger number of trees than for 
merly. 

As a pioneer in the use of the whah' 
oil Boap method, I still believe that thie 
material can be used to good advantage 
in most cases. But in all my practical 
experience nothing has been so effective 
as the gas treatment. In peach orchards 
I shall hereafter depend on the use of 
hydrocyanic acid gas until the trees are 
five or six years old, or even longer, if I 
can handle the apparatus conveniently. 
My plan would be to fumigate the young 
trees the second, fourth and sixth year 
after they were planted, thus making 
three fumigations. When properly han 
died, nothing has been so satisfactory as 
the gas treatment on my place. 

I am now constructing a series of smal' 
box tents, which were designed by Prof 



FIVE TOOTH CULTIVATORS UNEQUALED 
All steel. Single and 
double levers. Fur- 
nisbed with front and 
rear wheels. Seven 
tooth extensions. 
Spring Teeth attach- 
ments. Cultivator sweeps. Reversible and 
adjustable Horse Hoe Celery Hlllers. Best In 
the world. All kinds of other agricultural 
Implements. We can save you money. Write 
ns for catalogue and prices. 
THE TOLEDO FLOW CO., Dlwlm. S., Toledo, 0. 




Your money back 

Ef you are not satisfied 

DO YOTJ SUPPOSE that a company with a capital of $500,000.00, paid in full, and the 

f>roud reputation of 36 years of continuous success, would make such an offer and not carry 
t out to the letter? 

DO YOU SUPPOSE we would jeopardize our standing with the public and our chances 
Of still greater success by failing to fulfil any promise we make ? 

DO YOU SUPPOSE we would make such an offer if we did not have the utmost confi- 
dence in the satisfying quality of our goods ? 

WE KNOW we can please you and save you money, for HAYNER WHISKEY goes 
direct from our distillery to you, with all its original richness and flavor, carrying a UNITED 
STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUARANTEE of PURITY and AGE and saving 
you the big profits of the dealers. That's why it's best for medicinal purposes. That's why 
it's preferred for other uses. That's why we are regularly supplying over a quarter of a 
million satisfied customers. That's why YOU should try it 

Direct from our distillery to YOU 

Saves Dealers' Profits ! Prevents Adulteration ! " " 

HAYHER WHISKEY 

PURE SEVEM-YEAR-OLD RYE 



4 FULL $2 
QUARTS O 



•M EXPRESS 
PREPAID 



We will send you POUR FULL QUARTS of HAYNER'S SEVEN-YEAR- 
OLD RYE for $3.20, and we will pay the express charges. When you receive 
the whiskey, try it and if you don't find it all right and as good as you ever 
drank or can buy from any body else at any price, then send it back at our 
expense and your $3.20 will be returned to you by next mail. How could 
an offer be fairer? We take all the risk and stand all the expense, if 
the goods do not please you. Won't you let us send you a trial order? We 
ship in a plain sealed case; no marks to show what's inside. 

Orders for Ariz., Cal., Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N. Mex., Ore., Utah, Wash, 
or Wyo., must be on the basis of 4 Quarts for *4.00 by Express 
Prepaid or 20 Quarts for S16.00 by Freight Prepaid, 

Write our nearest office and do it NOW. 

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY 

ATLANTA) GA. DAYTON, OHIO ST. LOUIS, MO. ST. PAUL. MINN. 

156 Distillery, Troy, O. Established 1866. 




ohartekeo taro. 



Merchants National Bank 



OF RICHMOND. VA. 

Designated Depository of the United States, City of 
Richmond and Commonwealth of Virginia. 
Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore 
and New Orleans, this Bank offers superior facilities for 
direct and quick collections. 



JNO. P. BRANCH, 

President. 



JNO. 



K. BRANCH, 
Vice-President. 



Capital Stock, $200,000,00 

Surplus and Profits, $600,000,00 



JOHN F. GLENN, 

Cashier. 



Dimotobs.— John IP. Branch, B. B. Mnnford, Chaa. B. Stringfellow, Thos. B. Scott, B. W. 
Branch, Fred. W. Scott, Jas. H. Dooley, Jno. K. Branch, A. S. Boford, R. O. Morton. Andrew 
f lnlni, Jr., J. P. George, Alex. Hamilton, Sam'l. T. Morgan. 



1903. J 



1HJB BOUTHKKN PLANTER 



217 



Johnson, in his book on "Fumigation 
Methods," as the " Emory Fumigator." 
With a sufficient number of these small 
box fumigators, I have proved by actual 
experience that I can keep the pest in 
check and secure crops of fruit at a small- 
er expense than when I resort to spray- 
ing. When the trees get beyond the 
height where I can fumigate them readi- 
ly I will resort to spraying. 



THE OLD-TIME PEDLER. 
"Don't the pedlers come through any 
more, daughter?" I've been here for a 
whole su nmer and fall, and not one have 
I seen. When your father and I lived on 
the farm, they used to drive up twice or 
three times a week when the weather was 
good" 

The question was asked by an pged 
woman whose home is now in a neigh- 
boring city, but whose summers are spent 
with her daughter and son-in-law on the 
olH homestead, whose red brick and cob- 
ble-atone front stands hospitably smiling 
upon the level stretches of the great ridge 
road just as it has stood and smiled forty- 
eight years. The reply to the old woman's 
query was that of late years the pedlers 
had begun to drop off with their visits, 
until at last they came so seldom that the 
little children did not know what the red 
wagons signified. 

The vehicles were built all along the 
same general line, like barges or steam 
tugs. The length was about ten feet, the 
height eight. The box was oblong, and 
in front an elevation arose over the fore 
wheels for the seat, which sometimes was 
protected by a huge sun umbrella. Some- 
times two, but generally one horse haul- 
ed the outfit, and a weary time he had of 
it, too, with his oat bag slung under his 
poor old neck and his hide worn bare 
from the constant shifting of the thills. 
The red body of the wagon on both sides 
was planted with scores of little white 
knobs. This opened up the treasure house 
within, and each marked the location of 
a tiny door. Within, the wagons were 
compact and complete " general stores." 
One could buy anything under the sun 
small enough to be carried— cloth, tin- 
ware, iron utensils, straw and felt hats 
for men and women, boots and shoes, 
ready made suits— but these came later- 
canned goods, patent medicines, dried 
fish, tobacco — generally on the sly — nee- 
dles, pins, threads, yarn, matches, and 
stuck up in front or looped underneath, 
brooms of all sizes and qualities. Often 
a snow-shovel and a trio of scoops and 
spades were laid carefully on the roof. 
Up in front, under the driver's seat, was 
a jug of molasses and prepared honey, or 
some delicacy for the kitchen or table. 



THE REPUTATION 
Or OU 



r putat ! on ROLLERS n &V° 

Strongest, most durable 
and easiest running 
rollers made. Self-oiling 
I hubs. Revolving shafts. 
Wood, iron and steel 
rollers. Steel and wood 
frames. Ctieapest and 
be<t rollers made. We 
make over 40 different styles and kinds of roll- 
•ers and can suit you no matter what kind 
of roller you may want. All kinds of other 
agricultural implements. Write for catalogue 
and prices. 
THE TOLEDO PLOW CO., Divis. S, Toledo, 0. 




TU A H^l OATH SAW MILLS ARE SURE WINNERS. | 
1 I1C L/CLVrtVll Eight sizes, from Farmers' 4 h p upto200-h. p. 

If Interested, write for large illustrated catal gue ot DeLoach Patent Saw Mills to *uit 
any power fioin 4 to 200-h. p ; Shingle Mills. Planers, Edgers, Trimmers, Stave aud Lath 
Mills Bolters, Corn and Buhr Mills, Water Wlv els. etc. To introduce our New Farmers' 
Saw Mill, fllted with DeLoach Patent Variable Friction Feed, we make this special otter: 

We will deliver on cars at factory our 
No. Pony Farmers' Saw Mill, with 
Duplex Dugs, Imp oved Head Blocks 
and Ratchet Set, Works, complete as 
shown in cut, except it has Carriage made 
In two 4-foot sections, wlih Hope Drive 
Instead of Ruck and Pinion, withoutSaw 
or Belt, for $115.00 Spot Cash ! 
With 36" Solid Saw, $127.50; 40", 8132.50: 

44", 8140X0; 48", $150.00 
With 36" Inserted Saw. 8147 50; 40" 8152.50; 

44", 8160,00; 48", *170.00. 

Best Rubber Belting, 4-ply, 6", 20 cents 

per foot; 8", 30 cents per foot, net. 

No discount from these prices. 

Our Warranty: This mill Is warranted to be made in a workman-like manner of first 
class material throughout, and to 1 ive perfect satisfaction if operated according to our 
printed instructions, which are so simple that a boy can understand them. Any one with 
ordinary Intelligence can set and operate without the assistance of an experienced 
sawyer; will easily cut 2.000 to 2 500 feet of first, class board lumber per day with onlv4-h. p.; 
3,000 ft. with 6-h. p.; 4,000 ft. with 8-h. p ; is adapted to any kind or size power up to 15-h. p. 

DeLOAXH MILL MANUFACTURING CO , Box 600, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, U. S. A. 

The DeLoach is the only mill made that is shipped to all parts of the world. Over 10,000 in use. 




CAPITAL ©50,000 



BANK OF MANCHESTER 

MANCHESTER, VA. 

A. D. SHOTWELL, Pres., CLARENCE VADEN, Vice-Pres., S. R. BRAME, Cashier. 



r»iDPr-TftPcl A ' D ' 8HOTWELL ' R. C. Broaddtjs, S. R. Brame. E. H. Weixs, 

ui Htu 1 una^cxARBNCE Vadkn, W. J. Carter, Kenneth Smith, R. a. Bowbn, 



A general Banking business transacted. Every facility extended consistent with sound banking 
Interest paid on time deposits. We solicit your business. 

ASS ETS, 8900. 000. 

Virginia Fire and flarine 

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va. 

Insures Again st Fire a nd Lightning. 

ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF PROPERTY IN COUNTRY AND TOWN, PRIVATE OB 
PUBLIC, INSURED AT FAIR RATES. ON ACCOMMODATING TERMS. 

AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY. 

WM. H. PALMER, PRESIDENT. W. H. M'CARTHY, SECRETARY. 

* "VHR.G-HtsTI.A. DIVISIOlsT. * 

Farmers Mutual Benefit Association. 

A Fire Insurance Association, chartered by the State for the farmers 
of Virginia, under an amended and well protected plan. 

Insures in counties surrounding and accessible to Richmond, against Fire and 
Lightning, only country property — no stores o r unsafe risks. Policy holders amply 
secured— all legitimate losses paid. Average cost per year less than other plans, and 
a great saving to farmers. Amount of property now insured. $330,000, and increasing 
yearly. Estimated security in real and other estate, $750 000. 

For further information, address, CHAS. N. FRIEND, General Agent, 

MBHTIOH THIS JOURNAL. CHESTER. VIRGINIA. 

When corresponding with advertisers, say you saw their adver- 
tisement in the Southern Planter. 



2 1.8 



THE SOUTHEBN PLANTER. 



The jewelry which the pedler carried he 
kept clc-9e o his person with great show 
of caution, and the more brassy it was 
the more closely he pretended to guard it. 

Does any one who reads through this 
list of invaluable appurtenances to the 
happy home wonder that the pedler's ad 
veni was welcomed by all departments of 
t e house fifteen or twenty miles from the 
nearest store, and perhaps fifty or one 
hundred from the nearest city? When 
the cloud of dust would arise over the 
brow of the hill on a June afternoon, up 
would go the cry, "Jim the pedler's com- 
ing, Ma, Run and get Henry, and tell 
him to have the rags ready." 

Then, when the pedler had arrived, 
would begin a game of win and lose such 
as has been played since the days of the 
flood wherever one man had what an- 
other man had not, but thought he need- 
ed. Little money changed hands in this 
trade. It was barter, primeval, barbaric 
barter, except that the things traded for 
bore the mark of the machine instead of 
the flint. The medium of exchange was 
generally rags, "paper rags," as they were 
known. This included rubber boots, cop- 
per and brass junk and lead pipe. In 
those days paper was made from rags, 
and the wood-pulp process was still dim 
in the future. Good rags, no matter of 
what wool or consistency, had a distinct 
market value, and the pedlers, recogniz- 
ing this, depended on the farmers' wives 
to hoard the supply. In exchange, he 
gave them the commodities mentioned, 
making, of course, a comfortable profit 



±mi^&*&m&iikm.WkMi^mtiitomt^jmiitomk*\Lm.&iL&&m l .mi**x*m !l 




HowareYourEyes? 



We are the largest optical establishment South, and give proper adjustment 
of SPECTACLES and EYE GLASSES. Complete manufacturing plant oh the 
premises. Mail us the pieces and we will from them duplicate your Glasses. 
Glasses by mail our specialty. 



T 



is also complete with CAMERAS, KO- 
DAKS and PHOTO SUPPLIES. De- g 
veloping and printing finely executed. P 



4 Our line of GRAPHOPHO.NES, with latest records. OPERA GLASSES, fc 

| FIELD GLASSES, Incubator and Dairy THEREflOriETERS, etc., etc., is 1 

fj also complete Lowest charges in all cases. ■ 

t THE S.GALESKI OPTICAL CO., 9th and Main Sis., Richmond, k 1 



RURAL BOOKS Bass 

AT LOWEST PRICES. 
SOUTHERN PLANTER, - Richmond, Virginia. 



IpflisiraJisi rBJl^Csn^^S^^reJisi rgJ ^ 



a 

5 

51 
3 
5 

5 

i 



2KS REGIS. HEREFORD CATTLE 

CHIEF STOCK SIRES: 

Imported SALISBURY 76059 



(19083) bred by John Price, Court House, Pembridge, Here- 
fordshire, England. Sired by Boniface ( 9600 , the sire of the 
First Prize winner at both the Smithfield and Birmingham Fat Stock Shows ^England) in 1897. The sire of Boni 
face is The Grove 3d 2190. Snowfall (v. 24, p. 655) the dam of Salisbury is in the herd of His Majesty King 
Edward VII. The sire of Snowball is the great breeding bull Pioneer (14026 1 by Monarch 20001, the winner of the 
Frst Prize at the Royal Show at York, in 1883. Monarch is by Lord Wilton 4067 and is generally considered one 
of the best of Lord Wilton's sons. and 

bred by Thomas Clark, Beecher, 111. Sired by Lars (50734), a winner at the 
World's Fair at Chicago, First and Champion Prize winner as a Two, Three and 
Four-year-old at all principal Fairs ; also headed the herd winning Grand Sweepstakes at the great Live Stock Show 
of America; at Madison Square Garden, N?w York, 1898. The dam of Lars Jr. is Judy 55711, one of the best breeding 
cows in the Castalia Herd, by Peerless Wilton 12774, the well known sire of prize winners ; and the dam of Judy is 
Jessie 3d, by Sir Richard 2d, the English prize winner and producer of show animals. 



LARS Jr. 85297, 



IS] 

® 
51 
51 



FOR SALE 



A very choice lot of BULL CALVES and YEARLING BULLS by above 
sires ; also a few COWS IN CALF, or with calf at foot. 



All of the cows at Castalia are well bied, being by such good sires as Wild Tom, Earl of Shadeland 22d, Beau 
j=j Real, etc. Visitors met at station when notice is given in advance. The prices are right ; it will pay intending 
S buyers to see these cattle. 

I MURRAY B00G0CK, Owner, Castalia, Keswick, Albemarle County, Va. | 



1903. J 



THE SOUTHEBN PLANTER 



2*19 



out of the transaction. Good rags brought, 
twenty years ago, from a cent and a half 
to two cents and a half a pound. The 
pedler was fair ; that is, if he was not ex- 
actly fair, he was as fair as he could be, 
and both sides parted satisfied, the house- 
wife with her new granite iron tea-kettle 
and he with his huge ragbag bulging out 
a little further than it did two milesdown 
the road. The ragbag was an index of the 
state of trade. When the wagon started 
out it hung limply behind, like a punc 
tured balloon. It was a huge affair, made 
of coarse burlap, blackened and stained 
by time and use. Sometimes huge squares 
of new burlap stood out in startling con- 
trast against the old face of the bag, in 
spots where holes had been patched with 
coarse twine. Into this grimy receptacle 
the matted rags were hurled with a 
short, stout, iron hook like an elephant 
goad. 

The capacity of these great bags was 
amazing, and on homeward trips they 
would protrude with mastodon ic fatness 
from the rear of the red wagons as far as 
the length of the vehicle itself, and the 
poor horse would tug and sweat at his 
increasing burden as the camels did un- 
der the soaked sponges in the fable. The 
rags were weighed on drop scales attach- 
ed to the rear of the wagon, and of course 
the honesty of the spring within the brass 
and iron case had an important effect 
upon the fairness of the barter. At times 
doubts would surge up in the shrewd 
housewife's mind, especially when the 
pedler's gcales indicated a weight three 
or four pounds lighter than her own had 



-FOR SALE. 



BEAGLES and ENGLISH HARRIERS 

Well broken to hunt. Also Barred Plymouth 
Eggs, Jl per sitting. Apply to 

R E. CREE, - CROZET. VA. 



. . FOR SALE . . 

8 PUREBRED SHORTHORN BULL CALVES, 

Dropped last spring; will weigh about 

500 lbs. In nice order. Kor further 

information address, 

WOODS & FISH BURNE, Executors of Warner Woods' 

Est te, Cha, lo tesviie. Va. 



T YOUR IDEAS 

. _ 1,000 offered for one in- 
vention; $8,500 for another. 
Bonk "How to Obtain a Patent" 
and "Whattolnvent"seatfree. Send 
rouch sketch for free report as to 
patentability. We advertise your 
patent for sale at our expense. 
CHANDLEE & CHANDLEE, Patent Attorneys 
972, F Street, Washington, D.C 

Mention the Southern Planter in writing 





Japan Plums 

And all other desirable standard and new 
varieties of PLUMS, APPLE, PEACH, 
PEAR and ORNAMENTAL TREES, 
SHRUBS, ROSES, Etc. 

HEADQUARTERS FOR TENNESSEE 
PROLIFIC STRAWBERRY. 

The Most Reliable Variety Ever grown in 
the South. 



Three hundred and fifty acres under cultivation. Writer us 
if you contemplate planting. Catalogue free. 

AGENTS WANTED. WRITE FOR TERMS. 

W. T. HOOD <5c CO., 

OLD DOMINION NURSERY. RICHMOND, VA. 






GREAT 



COMBINATION 



SALE 



SHORTHORN CATTLE and BERKSHIRE HOGS, 

On the Fairground at Hagerstown, Md., March 12, 1903. 

50 REGISTERED SHORTHORNS, 

Including Cows, Heifers and young Bulls; 15 high grade Shorthorns by registered sires, including 

Cows, Heifers and young bulls. 

30 REG. BERKSHIRE HOGS, 

Including Sows, younger Sows not bred down to pigs and young boars. Also one imported 

CLEVELAND BAY STALLION. 

TERMS.— 6 months credit on sums exceeding $25 by giving approved notes. For cata- 
logue giving description and pedigree of each animal, write to manager of sale. 

H. L. STRITE, Leitersburg, Md. 

ON MARCH llth, F. W. Mish will have a large sale of REGISTERED STOCK near Hagers- 
town, consisting of Percheron horses, Aberdeen-Angus and Dutch Belted Cattle, Poland-China and 
Berkshire Hogs, Oxford and Shropshire Sheep. For sale list write to 

F. W. MISH, Hagerstown, fid. 

>MrWMr\r\r\MAMr>Mr\Mr ^ rWArW ^^^ ^ ^ ^^ ^r ^ ^ W ^ r^^^ W VVyVyWVVSy 



220 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



(M. 



registered. But the eight of a polished 
gray granite iron surface peeking craftily 
out from the shelf behind the half-open- 
ed door of the wagon would prove too 
strong, and her lips would remain silent 
when her heart was filled with distrust. 
Rags were not destroyed in those days, 
but were hoarded up in flour sacks in the 
cellar from fall until summer, for they 
were legal tender bank notes of the ped 
ler's realm. But those primitive ti nes 
have passed to return no more. The sub- 
urban trolley car has done its clearing 
work, and the wood-pulp process has 
completed the change. The red wagons 
stand falling to pieces in forgotten sheds, 
and the bags have rotted away. The ped- 
ler's reign is over. — N. Y. Tribune. 



HER PART IN THE PLAY. 

" I was coming along New Jersey Ave- 
nue the other day," said Senator Dubois, 
quoted by the New York 'World," "and 
I saw two little boys playing horse, as I 
thought. One boy was in a small cart, 
and the other boy was drawing him. 
Trailing along behind the cart came a 
most disconsolate-looking little girl, a sis- 
ter of one of the little boys." I stopped 
the boys, whom I knew, and said to one 
of them, 'Tommy, what are you playing?" 

" ' We're playing automobile" replied 
Tommy. 

" ' I asked, ' why don't you let sister 
play, too ?' 

'• ' She is playing,' said Tommy. ' She's 
the gasoline smell.' " 



THE GREAT WESTERN MANURE SPREADER. 
The Marvin Smith Co. of Chicago has been advertising this well known machine 
in our last fe v issues. They have just gotten out a nice catalogue giving full particu- 
lars, and we hope many of our readers will apply for it. It will be sent free. 

We are showing herewith a 
small cut of this Spreader that 
our readers may have some 
idea as to its construction. It 
has a great many improve- 
ments this season, in addition 
to other special features. Its 
Endless Apron enables it to 
be always ready to take on a 
load. The combined Hood 
and End Gate serves the dual 
purpose of keeping manure from the Beater during the process of loading or in 
starting. It acts as a hood and shield while spreading. You had better send to-day 
and get a catalogue. 




Rural Books! 

Every farmer should have these books on his library table. 
They are invaluable. 

Feeds and Feeding. Henry, - - - $3 00 

Fertility of the Land. Roberts, - 1 35 

Crop Growing and Crop Feeding. Massey, 1 00 

All Cloth Bound, Post Paid. 

Let us order your magazines and other literature for you. 
We can furnish almost any periodical and save you money. 
Get our prices. 

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va. 



-■ ^L *- A- ■*■ ■» J ' -^ — -^ ■*- ■*■ - ■ ■+■ ■■- ■*• —- -W-tA-^AA A... 

f ^^^r^^flr virWW w^rw^rw ▼▼▼▼▼▼ * 



PLANTERS 



And Distribute 



CARDWELL'S, EUREKA and CENTENNIAL FERTILIZER ATTACH- 
MENT are the best, therefore they are the cheapest. 

They Plant.. 

CORN, 

beans, **MEBT FERTILIZER 

ENSILAGE ^ Kl^^^l^^fcr any distance apart; 

CROPS. M^^i^^^^ 1 - and anv ( J uantit v- 

We make THRESHERS, HORSE POWERS, PEANUT MACHINERY, 
STRAW CUTTERS WELL EIXURES, and all Implements 
formerly made by H. M. SMITH & CO. and 
J. W. CARDWELL & CO. 

THE CARDWELL MACHINE CO., = Richmond, Va. 




1903.] 



THE 80TJTHEEN PLANTEB. 



2zl 



I Farm Implements and Machinery, 

CASH PRICES FOR MARCH, 1903 



ADDRESS 



ASHTON STARKE, 



RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 



DISC HARROWS (complete with Whiffletrees). 

8 disc— 16 inch 16 50 

10 disc— 16 inch 17 75 

12 disc— 16 inch 19 50 

All Steel Lever Spike Tooth : 

2 section, 50 teeth 10 00 

2 section, 60 teeth 11 00 

Spring Tooth Harrow, 18 teeth 12 50 

PLOWS 

1 horse Syracuse Chilled 3 50 

Light 2 horse Syracuse Chilled 6 60 

Regular 2 horse Syracuse Chilled , 6 75 

No. 11 Imperial Chilled, R. H 7 50 

No. 10 Oliver Chilled, L. H 5 25 

No. 13 Oliver Chilled, R. & L 5 50 

No. 10 South Bend, R. H 5 25 

No. 15 South Bend, R & L 5 75 

No. 7 Farmer's Friend 2 75 

No. 8 Farmer's Friend,. 2 85 

CORN SHELLERS. 

Shenandoah Valley 5 50 

" Favorite," Giant. Milwaukee, Right Hand.. 4 75 

" Star," Right Hand 5 00 

Left Hand Shellers 4 50 

GENUINE MALTA SHOVEL PLOWS. 

Double Shovel Plow 2 25 

•' No. 2 2 00 

' No. 3 1 75 

Single Shovel Plow, Genuine 1 70 



FIELD ROLLERS. 

All Steel, 30 inches diameter, 3 sections, 6 ft... 25 00 

CULTIVATORS. 

5 tooth Steel Frame 1 75 

Cultivator and Harrow, 14 teeth 2 50 

Disc Cultivator on wheels, pivot frane 28 00 

Walking Wheel Cultivator 15 00 

Combined Riding and Walking Cultivator — . 24 50 

PEED CUTTERS. 

Smith's Lever Cutters 2 75 

1 blade Revolving Cutter 9 00 

Hand and Power Cutter, with pulley 15 00 

Bark Mill, for horse sweep 25 00 

CORN PLANTERS. 

Single row, with fertilizer 13 00 

Single row, without fertilizer 10 50 

Double row, with fertilizer 38 50 

Double row, without fertilizer 28 00 

WEEDER. 

Keystone Expanding— 8 00 

WHEAT DRILLS. 

Bickford & Hufftnann Disc Drill, with Fertili- 
zer and Grass Seeder 66 50 

Hand Corn Planters 75 

And so we might continue through our almost limit- 
less stock 



Whenever or whatever you need in our line, write to 

| ASHTON STARKE, - Richmond, Ya. | 



222 



rHB SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



LMarch 




The following list of papers and periodicals 
are the most popular ones in this section 
We can SAVE YOU MONEY on whatever 
Journal you wish. 



DAILIES. price with 

ALONE. PLANTER. 

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va 85 00 8 5 00 

The Post, Washington. D. 6 00 6 00 

The Sun, Baltimore, Md 300 3 40 

News-Leader, Richmond, Va 8 00 S 00 

TRI-WEEKLY. 
The World (thrice-a-week), N. Y 1 00 1 25 

WEEKLIES. 

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00 

" Bazaar 1 00 1 40 

Montgomery Advertiser 1 00 1 00 

Nashville American 50 75 

The Baltimore Sun 1 00 1 35 

Breeder's Gazette 2 00 1 75 

Hoard's Dairyman 1 00 1 35 

Country Gentleman 1 50 1 75 

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va 1 00 1 25 

Religious Herald, Richmond, Va.... 2 00 2 25 

Central Presbyterian, " "... 2 00 2 50 

Christian Advocate, " " ... 1 50 1 75 

Turf, Field and Farm , 4 00 4 00 

Spirit of the Times 4 00 4 00 

Horseman 3 00 8 00 

SEMI-MONTHLIES. 

Wool Markets and Sheep 50 75 

Dairy and Creamery 50 75 

Commercial Poultry 50 75 

All three 1 50 1 15 

MONTHLIES. 

North American Review 5 00 5 00 

The Century Magazine 4 00 4 25 

St. Nicholas " 3 00 3 25 

Lrppincott's " 2 50 2 50 

Harper's " 4 00 4 00 

Forum " 3 00 3 25 

Scrlbner's " 3 00 3 25 

Frank Leslies " 1 00 1 35 

Cosmopolitan " 1 00 1 85 

Everybody's " 1 00 1 

Munsey " 1 00 1 36 

Strand " 1 25 1 66 

McClure's " 1 00 1 35 

Argosy " 1 00 1 85 

Review of Reviews 2 50 2 75 

Leisure Hours : 1 00 1 25 

Blooded Stock 50 69 

Where you desire to subscribe to two or more 
of the publications named, you can arrive at 
the net subscription price by deducting 50 
cents from "our price with the Planter." If 
you desire to subscribe to any other publico 
tions not listed here, write us and we wilJ 
oheerfully quote clubbing or net subscription 
rates. 

Subscribers whose time does not expire 
until later can take advantage of our club 
rates, and have their subscription advanced 
one year from date of expiration of their 
subscription to either the PUmler or any of 
the other publications mentioned. 

Don't hesitate to write us for any informa- 
tion desired ; we will oheerfully answer any 
correspondence. 

We furnish no tample copies of other perl 



Seed House of the South. 



RED 

CLOTJ 

BSAStHOTES 
CLOfJ 

CRIMSON 

CLOVI 

WHITE 

CLOVS 

LUCERNE 

CLOV) 

ALSTKE 

CLOV> 

BOKHARA 
CLOV) 

JAPAN 

CLOT} 



BUR 



CLOV) 




TIMOTHT. 

ORCHARD 

GRASS. 

RED TOP or 

HERDS GRASS. 

KENTI7CKT 

BJLUE ORAM. 

RANDALL 

GRASS. 

TALL MEADOW 
OAT GRASS. 

JOHNSON 

GRASS. 

GERMAN 

MILLET, 

BUCK WHEAT. 

OATS ami 

CANE SEED. 



"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap." 

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of 
every variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which 

are RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS. 
II llllll Bill ■« — r ALSO SELL 

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers 

For Tobacco, Corn. Wheat. Potatoes, &c. 

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and 

Fertilizing: Materials generally. 

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods. 
Samples sent by mail when desired. 



Win. A. Miller & Son, 



IOl6 Main Street 
LYNCHBURG, VA. 



Headquarters for 
Nursery Stock. 




We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders. 

ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME. 



Apples, 

Pears, 

Peach, 

Plum, 

Apricots, 



Nectarines, Pecans, Ornamental and 

Cherry, Chestnuts, Shade Trees, 

Quinces, Walnuts, Evergreens, 

Almonds, Small Fruits, Roses, Etc. 



CALIFORNIA PRIVET, for Hedging. 



WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. 



..AGENTS WANTED.. 

FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY Co., 



Baltimore, Md. 



1908. J 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



223 



SHELBURNE'S 

Is the BEST WAREHOUSE 

in Richmond, the BEST MARKET for all grades ot Tobacco. It 
is the home of sun and air cured Tobacco and headquarters for 
flue-cured and shipping types. Here are located the head offices and 
stetnmeries of all the large corporations, Regie representatives and the 
largest number of independent factories and buyers in the United States. 

SHELBURNE'S WAREHOUSE 

Has the largest lighted space, insuring equal attention to every pile. 
Ample accommodations in every way for all our customers. 
Correspondence solicited. 

SILAS SHELBURNE & SON, Props., 12th and Canal Sts., RICHMOND, VA. 




THE RICHMOND PLUMBING 
AND MANTEL CO., 

26 N. Ninth Street, RICHMOND, VA., 



Has just received 
an entirely new 
Stock and com- 
plete line of 

STOVES, RANGES, FURNACES, 

MANTELS, GAS: and ELECTRIC 

FIXTURES, FILTERS, TILING and 

FIRE-PLACE TRIMMINGS. 

We are contractors for 

PLUMBING, TINNING, SHEET-METAL 
WORK and ELECTRIC WIRING. 

Correspondence Solicited. 
CALL AND INSPECT OUR SHOW-ROOMS. 



£24 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[M, 



THE GENTLEMAN ON THE PLANTATION 




SHOULD HAVE AS MANY COMFORTS AND CON- 
VEN1ENCES AS THE GENTLEMAN IN THE CITY. 



With a WIND MILL or GASOLINE ENGINE farm 
work can be made easy and at a small cost. 
You can CUT and GRIND FEED, SAW WOOD, THRESH 
GRAIN, PICK PEANUTS, SHELL CORN, MAKE CIDER, 
PUMP WATER FOR STOCK, and 

LAST BUT NOT LEAST 

PUT WATER IN YOUR OWN HOUSE. 



STRATTON & BRAGG CO., 




You can have your Bath 
Tub, Water Closet and Hot 
and Cold Water in your 
own Home. 

WE CAN FIT YOU UP 

FROM START TO 

FINISH. 

We have our own compe- 
tent and skilled workmen, 
which we send out to install 
our fixtures. 

NO DISTANCE TOO FAR. 

Let us figure with you. 



20 and 22 N. Sycamore St., PETERSBURG, VA. 

















IVANHOE POULTRY YARDS——— 



Breeders of 



^ Exhibition Barred 
Plymouth Rocks 

ENGLISH CARRIERS AND HOMING PIGEONS. 



For information, address 



Ivanhoe Poultry Yards, Box 258, Richmond, v a . 







iZ&ST&i&i^ 







ULSl 



1903. J 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



225 



LABOR-SAVING IMPLEMENTS ANO MACHINERY. 

PARN PI ANTFRQ The ,I0(,SfER - bnth single and double row, with 



Own Planter. 




and without fertilizer attachment. The SPANGLER 



for Corn, Peas and Sorghum. 



Pill Till ATADQ PLANET Jr. and 

UULIIVftlUnO. IRON AGE Culti- 



vators and Horse Hoes. CONTINENTAL Disc 
Corn Planter. Cultivators and Harrows, the best in the world. 

Spring tooth attachments for Cultivator. RODERICK LEAN steel lever harrows for 
one, two and three three horses. 





DISC CULTIVATOR. 



THE^SOUTH 

BENDGKILLED 
PLOWS. 



HORSE HOE. 
Wood or Steel beam ; all sizes. Guaranteed equal to any made. 

THE CELEBRATED 

HANCOCK DISC PLOW. 

Single or Double Disc. 




DISC HARROWS— All Sized. 



SPIKE TOOTH HARROW. 




THE OLD RELIABLE 



PEERLESS ENGINES. 

SAW MILLS and 
THRESHING MACHINES. 



The FISH, The WEBER and The CHAMPION Wagons 

IN ALL SIZES. 

General agency for the Columbus Buggy Co., Col- 
umbus, Ohio. A. Wrenn & Sons, Norfolk, Va., and 
other celebrated makers of vehicles. All grades in 
stock. 

Harness, Robes and Whips, Pittsburg Per- 
fect Wire Fencing, welded by electricity. Circular 
for the asking, Correspondence solicited. 

THE WATT PLOW CO., >*%% I f m ^ k ^ e Tt". Richmond, Va 








226 



THE SOTJTHEBN PLANTER. 



[Ma. 



JUST FOR FUN. 

Auntie (finding Jackie sobbing in a 
corner): " Why, Jackie, what has hap- 
pened to make you feel so badly this 
morning? 

Jackie : M — ma m — issed some jelly. 

Auntie : Ho, ho ! I see. And her sus- 
picion fell upon yon, eh? 

Jackie : No, auntie : it was her slipper. 

New Boarder (at winter resort). — Do 
you call this bleak, forsaken place crowd- 
ed? I thought that you advertised that 
there was a perfect host here every win- 
ter? 

Landlord (blandly).— Yes, indeed; I 
am the perfect host, and my wife is a per- 
fect hostess. 



A TOAST. 
A Toast to those who come to grace, 

This day our boird, 
And, with the cheer of smiling face, 

to share our hoard ! 

They are our friends, and friends are 
sent — 

plan benign ! — 
To ^e the home's best ornament, 

Heav'n spare me mine ! 

And may our larder e'er contain 

Of meat and drink 
Enough to forge for friendship's chain 

Another link ! —Columbus Dispatch. 

A Neat BINDER for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Addrese 
tha Business Office. 



SEABOARD 

AIR LINE RAILWAY 

OFFERS 

PROFITABLE DIS- 

INVESTMENTS vp^- 

TO — 

THE MANUFACTURER, 
THE STOCK RAISER, 
THE DAIRYMAN, 
THE FRUIT GROWER, 
THE TRUCKER. 

WHERE TOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN. 

Would a country where work can be carried on the entire year and where large 
profits can be realized interest you? 

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and a region 
of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome illustrated literature 
descriptive of the section. 



J. B. WHITE, EDW. P. COST, 

Gen. Industrial Agt, Portsmouth, Va. Traffic Mgr. 



CHARLES B. RYAN, 
Gen. Pass. Ag., Portsmouth, Va. 



I I FF*^ P REPARED AGRICULTURAL | IMF 

TOP COTTON When used on land with a fair amount of vegetation or with COMPOST (which is better the 
crops are as good as from any Fertilizer. It prevents RUST and SHEDDING and keeps the plants green much 
longer in dry weather. 

PEANUTS With the same conditions as above, it is a COMPLETE FERTILIZER for this CROP. Our 
customers say it is equal to the BEST FERTILIZERS ON THE MARKET. 

1/AkIi HEAVY TOBACCO Haul odtyour farm pen scrapings, plow under and broadcast 500 to 600 
lbs. per acre (the earlier the better), and you will get a heavy crop of Tobacco and a fine crop of Wheat and 
Clover or other grass, and by proper rotation will have a rich lot for any crop. 

DKlvIrl I TOBACCO Our customers say that 200 lbs. per acre in the drill with other Fertilizer will prevent 
the Tobacco from FIRING and giving it a GOOD BODY and increase its value $20 per acre. For Wheat, Oats, 
Clover and other grass it is exceptionally good. 

It prevents RUST, SCAB and SMUT in WHEAT and and all say it is the best thing for clover they ever used. Fruit 
Growers will find a WONDERFUL IMPROVEMENT by it use on their Orchards and Vineyards. 

Our EXCELSIOR TOBACCO FERTILIZER 

Has been tested for six years and has proved equal to and in some cases superior to the high-grade ammoniated 
goods on the market. We put in no useless filler and ihe farmer gets the 2000 lbs. to the ton of valuable fertilizer 
for the crops and THE LAND. Hence they say their succeeding crops are much better than from other fertilizers 

Olir SPECIAL CORN FERTILIZER For land where there is not an abundance of vegetation is equal to any. 



"General agents for BLACK DEATH BUG KILLER for destroying Potato Bugs, Tobacco Worms, 
and all insects injurious to vegetation; and Sifters and Insecticide distributors for applying it. 



PLAIN SHELL LIME 

Constantly on hand at lowest prices. 

WRITE FOR CIRCULARS. -fl 



No. 1 WOOD-BURNT LIME 

In car lots at lowest market price from kilns- 

cSt SON*, RICHMOND, VA. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLAKTEft 



227 






A C. SINTON, President. 



J. J. SUTTON, Secretary. 



THE WATT PLOW CO., 

HACHINERY, FARH IHPLEMENTS, VEHICLES 
^-^and HARNESS. ^£- 

1452 Franklin Street, 1404 East Main Street, RICHHOND, VIRGINIA. 



TO OUR FRIENDS AND PATRONS:— 

We have just contracted for a large supply, during the entire season, of a stan- 
dard fertilizer, adapted to all the crops raised in Virginia, and we are prepared to 
supply our customers direct from our warehouse, corner Fifteenth 
and Franklin Sts., at the lowest possible prices and upon favorable 
terms. We call special attention to the " OWL " Brand Guano, 
prepared especially for Trucks, Tobacco, Corn, Etc. 

Correspondence solicited, and we will cheerfully quote prices 
and furnish analyses upon application. 

THE WATT PLOW CO., Richmond, Va. 




THE TRAP HAS BEEN SET, BUT THE FARMERS "ARE ON TO IT." 

~^-/N 7903— ■* 

THE WALTER A. WOOD MACHINES. 



THEY ARE 
GOING TO BUY 




WHY? 

Because it is the Best fla- 

chine Hade. 
Because it Belongs to no 

Combination. 
Because its Repairs Cost 

Less. 



The Wood Binders, Reapers, 
Steel Hay Rakes, Tedders, 
Corn Harvesters, Knife 
Grinders the world knows 
and the world endorses. 



SEND FOR SPECIAL CATALOGUE. 



WALTER A. WOOD MOWING and REAPING MACHINE CO., Richmond, Va. 



228 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[Marc. 



NO TROUBLE TO HELP SEARCH. 

A woman stopped at a cloth-counter in 
one of the large department-stores recent- 
ly, and asked to be shown some dress- 
patterns suitable for early autumn wear. 
The salesman began on the lowest row 
of shelved compartments, and pulled out 
and opened box after box until the count- 
er ot either side of him wa? piled as high 
as his head with goods. Three times he 
climbed a laider to the upper rows and 
staggered down under a weight of boxes 
of pa terns until, when the woman took 
a survey of the shelves, but two patterns 
remained unopened. Then she said, very 
sweetly, "I don't think I'll buy any to- 
day. I'm sorry to have troubled you, but 
you see I only came in to look for a 
friend." 

" No trouble whatever, madam," he re- 
plied, politely. " Indeed, if you think 
your friend is in either of the remaining 
two boxes, I don't mind opening them 
too." — Philadelphia Times. 

WHAT HE WAS DOING. 

Mother—" You naughty boy ! You've 
been fighting " 

Little son— " No, mother." 

Mother— "How did your cloth s get 
torn and your face get scratched ?" 

Little son— "I was trying to keep a 
naughty boy from hurting a good little 
boy." 

Mother— " That was noble. Who was 
the good little boy ?" 

Little eon—" Me."— Pittsburg Bulletin. 



The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway 

EXTENDING FROM CINCINNATI AND LOUISVILLE, AND 
THROUGH ITS CONNECTIONS ■ 

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louie, Peoria. Indianapolia, 
Sandusky and Cleveland ; 

THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus | 

THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lim» 
and Dayton — 

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT ^^E'S&Eff*- ROUTE. 

To STAUNTON, LYNCHBURG, CHARLOTTESVILLE, 
RICHMOND, PETERSBURG, NORFOLK, 
A.nd Principal Virginia Points. 

H. W. FULLER, Gen. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. 0. 



When corresponding with advertisers, always mention that you 
saw their advertisement in the Southern Planter. 



WAGONS and BUGGIES 

MADE 

RIGHT HERE 

AT HOME 

^BY*> 

The BARBOUR BUGGY CO., 
The HUGHES BUGGY CO., 
The VIRGINIA WAGON CO. 





All of Virginia. 



These vehicles are guaranteed to be as good as can be bought elsewhere ; material and workman- 
ship unsurpassed ; all sizes and styles, prices low. We can save you time, money and freight by 
purchasing our vehicles. Send for our illustrated catalogues. Drop in our warehouse and inspect our 
stock. Inquiries cheerfully answered. 

RICHMOND BUGGY & WAGON CO., 1433 E. Main Street, RICHMOND, VA. 

J. T. DUNN, Manager. 



1903 .j 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTEE. 



229 



If You Want 



YOUR GOOSE TO LAY 
"THAT GOLDEN EGG" 



FEED HER PROPERLY. 

I mean buy your supplies right. You should lay aside a few Gold Pieces 
yourself, you might ask how it can be done — easy, dead easy— stop paying 
high, country prices. The mail comes to your home six times a week, I can 
get a letter from you every day. 

GET MY PRICES, I WILL BE GLAD TO MAIL YOU OR YOUR FRIENDS 

MY PRICES EVERY NIGHT. 

The railroads almost pass your house. Uncle Sam spends millions yearly 
to give you mail and railroad accomodations. You need not come to town, 
let Uncle Sam do your shopping. He can knock the spots out of you in 
buying— just try him. No matter how small your order I will be glad to have 
it and ship promptly. Here is what your groceries will cost you 

JUST ONE-HALE WHAT YOU ARE NOW PAYING.. 



Arbuckle's Green Coffee 9| 

Granulated Sugar 4£ 

Best Family Flour 4 25 

Byrd Island — have no other. 

10,000 lbs. Nice Family Pork 9 

7 Boxes Axle Grease 25 

800 Bbls. White Oil 12 

1,000 Bushels Seed Rye 68 

500 Tons Fine Timothy Hay, hun- 
dred 75 

300 Tons Choice Clover Hay, hun- 
dred 70 

10 Large Cakes Fancy Soap 25 

Crystal Washing Soda, Light, 
S m o ot h, and Durable, makes 

Washing Easy 30 

Washing Powders, 8 for 25 

Fine Gun Powder Tea 40 

Ben Mocha and Java Coffee Roasted 18 
Large Fat Mackerel in Nice Buck- 
ets or Kits, about 15 lbs 1 25 

New River Herrings, 750 fish in the 

barrel, Large and Fat .' 5 50 

New Cut Herrings, barrel 5 50 

Finest Cream Cheese 15 

Baker's Chocolate — 2 Cakes 25 

New Table Raisins— 6 Lbs 60 

Fine French Candy 8 

Pure Lard 9} 

610 Tons Pure City Made Shipstuff, 

hundred 1 00 



Cotton-Seed Meal, Nothing Finer. 
510 Tons Cotton-Seed Hulls — an ex- 
cellent Winter Food, Cheap and 

Nutritious, per hundred 50 

This is as good as Coarse Meal for 
stock. 
60,000 lbs. Rock Salt for Stock— try 
a bag, keep it in the Trough, im- 
proves Stock very much, $1.00 for 
100 lbs. 

Chalmer's Gelatine, 3 for 25 

Seedless Raisins in Packages 9 

Cleaned CurraDts, per lb 8 

New Citron for Fruit Cake 12 

Home Made Mince Meat 8 

100,000 lbs. New Mixed Nuts 11 

.Virginia Hams, Choicest of Meat. I 
have a Nice Lot of Hams Made 

in Smithfield, Va 14 

Fine Sweet Cider, per gallon 20 

Home-Made Black Berry Brandy, 5 
years old and nice. 

Family Tonic, quart 20 

Northampton A.Dple Brandy, 6 years 
old— pure — Apple Juice — nothing 

finer made— gallon 2 00 

Clemmer's Fine Old Mountain Rye 
Whiskey, double distilled, sweet 

and wholesome, quart 40 

Juniper Gin, sure cure for bladder 
and kidney troubles ; relieves the 
cutting, stinging ache in your back, 
quart 45 



Gibson's Fine Old Rye Whiskey ; fit 
for a king, get a quart 75 

O'Grady's Pure Malt. Try a bottle 
of Malt for that hacking cough. It 
is a sure cure. It is good for dys- 
pepsia. Indigestion it cures at 
sight. Warms the inner man ; 
makes new rich blood, and stimu- 
lates the whole system. It has 
saved many and many a man and 
his family. 75 a quart. The price 
is insignificant compared to the 
benefit it will do you. 

Country Cured Bacon Sides 19* 

100,000 bushels finest Oats 40j 

60,000 bushels fine Corn 66 

Water-ground Corn Meal, made of 
the finest White Corn, and ground 
by one of the finest mills in Vir- 
ginia. Bushel 72 

I have everything that is required 
by a farmer from a 1.000 acre farm 
to a mouse trap. Write for my 
price list that will give you more 
information than a gossiping 
woman. 

Clover Seed, prime Crimson Clover 
Seed 2 80 

Choice Crimson New-Ciop Clover 
Seed „ 4 25 

Fine Winter Turf Oats (seed) 78 

Prime Winter Seed Oats 60 



I have on immese stock of NEW YEARS' GOODS, CAKES, CANDIES. 
FRUITS of oil kinds, and I will ship any quantity required. 

D. O'SULLIVAN, Eighteenth and Main Sts., Richmond, Va, 



230 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



I> 



NO WONDER THE CHILD OBJECTED 

A New York Professor had a wife and 
family, but, professor-like, his thoughts 
were mostly with his books. One even- 
ing his wife returned home from late af- 
ternoon visits to find the house strangely 
quiet. Nowhere were the children to be 
seen. She demanded of the man of books 
what he had done with the youngsters. 
The Professor explained that they had 
become rather noisy, and so, without 
callin g the maid, he had stuffed them 
into bed. 

" I hope they haven't given you much 
trouble," Mrs. Professor said. 

"Oh, no," said the Professor. "With 
the exception of the one in the cot over 
there, perhaps. He objected a good deal 
to my undressing him and putting him to 
bed." 

Mrs. Professor went to inspect the cot. 

"Why," she cried, "that's little Fred- 
die Jones from next door."— The World's 
Events. 



" I suppose," said the physician, smil 
ing and trying to appear witty, while 
feeling the pulse of a lady patient," " I 
suppose you consider me an old hum- 
bug?" 

" Why, doctor," replied the lady. " I 
had no idea you could ascertain a wo- 
man's thoughts by merely feeling her 
pulse." 

A NEAT BINDER for your back 
numbers can be had for 25 cents. Ad- 
dress the Business Office. 



Seeds! Seeds! Seeds! 

We sell the BEST Seeds for this section. Our long expe- 
rience and study of the farmer's needs and the climatic and 
soil conditions enables us to make this statement. 

Have you seen our NEW SEED BOOK for 1903 ? If not, 
send for a copy to-day. It is well worth your while to do so» 

T. W. WOOD <& SONS. 

SEEDSMEN. RICHMOND, VA. 



Established by GEO. WATT, 1840. 



MANFRED CALL. Genera! Manager. 



THE CALL- WATT CO. 



MANUFACTURERS OF 



Crown, Crescent and Watt Plows, 

AND REPAIRS FOR PLOWS IN GENERAL USE. 

Dealers in AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS, MACHINERY & VEHICLES, 

No. 13 S. Fifteenth Street, Between Main and Gary Streets, • RICHMOND, VA. 



REPAIRS for all the plows in general use. 

CORN PLANTERS with and without Fertilizer Attach- 

tachment. 
CULTIVATORS— Iron Age pattern, Disc, Riding and 

Walking Shovel Cultivators. 
HARROWS— Iron Age, All-Steel Lever, Solid and Cut- 

Out Disc. 
FIELD ROLLERS— Steel or Wood, Two and Three 

Section. 



FODDER AND ENSILAGE CUTTERS, FEED 

MILLS, CORN SHELLERS. 
HORSE POWERS, COMBINED FEED MILLS 

AND POWERS. 
ENGINES. THRESHERS, SAW MILLS, RAKES 

MOWERS. 
FARM AND FREIGHT WAGONS, all aizes. 
BUGGIES, SURREZS, DAYTON WAGONS, 

ROAD CARTS. 



Implements, Machinery and Vehicles for all Purposes. 



*&■ WRITE FOR PRICES. -9* 



1903.1 



THE SOUfHERN PLANTER 



231 



BOILING IT DOWN. 

An amusiDg story is told of the editor 
of a go-ahead London evening newspaper 
who in the eternal rushing to press to get 
ahead of the opposition was constantly 
impressing upon his reporters the neces- 
sity for condensing all news 

A. terrific boiler explosion had taken 
place on board a big ship lying at Ports- 
mouth. 

"Get down there as hard as you can," 
he said to one of his men. " If you catch 
the eleven-forty from London Bridge 
you'll be there soon after two. and can 
just wire us something for the fifth edi- 
tion ; but boil it down." 

And the reporter went. Soon after 
three o'clock that afternoon they got a 
wire from him : 

"Terrific explosion. Man-o'-war. Boiler 
empty. Engineer full. Funeral to-mor- 
row." — London Tit-Bits. 



KNEW HIS BUSINESS. 

If I were the mayor," remarked the 
stranger who had attended a meeting of 
the city council, " I wouldn't permit the 
aldermen to waste so much time in use- 
less wrangling over trivial matters." 

" The mayor knows what he is about," 
replied the citizen. " When they're 
wrangling they're not doing any mis- 
chief." — Chicago Tribune. 



"Of course, John is a thoroughly Eng- 
lish name." 

"Oh ! I don't know." 

"0, but it is. The 'h,' you'll notice, isn't 
sounded at all." 



MORPHINE, 

OPIUM, WHISKEY AND ILL 
DRUG HABITS 

Cured Without Pain at Your Home. 

THE BEST OF SANATORIUM FACILITIES 
IF DESIRED. 

If you are addicted to these habits you 
can be cured and restored to your former 
health and vigor without pain or the loss 
of an hour from your business at a 
moderate cost. The medicine builds up 
your health, restores your nervous system 
to its normal condition ; you feel like a 
different person from the beginning of 
treatment, LEAVING OFF THE 
OPIATES AFTER THE FIRST DOSE. 
You will soon be convinced and fully 
satisfied in your own mind that you will 
be cured. 

Mr. T. M. Brown, of DeQueen, Ark., 
says : " Over seven years ago I was curtd 
of the opium habit by your medicine, 
and have continued in the very best of 
health since." 

Dr. W. M. Tunstall, of Lovingston, Va., 
says : " I am glad to say that I firmly 
believe that I am entirely and perma- 
nently cured of the Drink Habit, as I 



have never evea eo much as wanted a 
drink in any form since I took your 
eradicator, now eighteen months ago. It 
was the best Dollars I ever invested." 

Mrs. Virginia Townsend, of Shreve- 
port, La., writes : " No more opium. I 
have taken no other remedy than yours 
and I make no mistake when I say that 
my health is hetter now than it ever was 
in my life, and I owe it to you and your 
remedy. It has been twelve years since 
I was cured by your treatment." 

For full particulars, address Dr. B M 
Woolley, 201 Lowndes Bldg , Atlanta, Ga! 



There are many times during the year 
when you can probably do your neighbor 
or friend a good turn. Perhaps he wants 
something new for the farm; perhaps the 
wife or daughter wants something new 
in her department. If she does not know 
just where to buy it, recommend that she 
look through our paper and purchase 
from its adverti-.ers. In this way you 
will be doing the editor a great favor, and 
that favor will be returned to you many 
times over in the addition of new and 
interesting features to the paper. Al wayB 
mention the paper when writing adverti- 
sers ; note our guarantee on this page. 



A SAFE HATCH. 

When 40 per-cent. of the eggs used 
brings chicks to maturity, they are called 
safe hatches by a large and successful 
poultryman, who runs several incubators 
and keeps a record of hatches and broods. 



AINSLIE CARRIAGE CO., 

Nos. 8, 10 and 12 Tenth St., RICHMOND, VA. 

Building Carriages to order is our special business. 
Repairing and Repainting done, and best material used. 
A full line of all the latest styles. Orders for all 
classes of Vehicles solicited. 



1903. IN THE STUD AT LAUREL HILL FARM. 1903. 
THE FINE HACKNEY STALLION 

+ HEIDRIK ♦ 

Bay horse, foaled 1898 ; 16 hands high. This horse 

has great natural action, and is capable of getting 

the highest class harness horses. 

FEE, $10 00 the Season or $15 00 to Insure. 

Address C. F. & J. BUTTON, Walker's Ford, Va. 



Stallions at SpringGarden 

The Property of Mr. ROBERT TAIT. 

Burlingame, 26235, record 2:18}, bay horse, by Guy Wilkes, 
2:15}, dam the famous brood mare Sable, by The Moor. This 
horse is richly bred, a prize winner at the New York Horse 
Show, and sires grand looking colts. Fee. $25 tie season. 

Ed. Kearney, chestnut horse, bv Tom Ochiltree, dam Medusa, 
by Sensation. A grand looking specimen of the thoroughbred, 
and will sire not only race horses, but hunters and jumpers of 
the highest class. Fee, $10 the season. 

Address SPRING GARDEN FARM, Coolwell P. 0., Va. 



1903. IN THE STUD 003 

WEALTH, 29579. 

RACE RECORD, 2:17}, Pacing. 

Timed separately in 2:08 in a race at Indiana 
State Fair, 1902. 
Bay horse, foaled 1897; 16 haDds high, weight. 1.200 lbs 
o'J™ b ? Ga , m u b ? tta Wilkes, 2:19}, dam Magnolia, by Norfolk,' 
db70. Wealth is grand individually and in appearance 

FEE, $20 the Season with return privilege, or $25 to insure. 
Address s. F. CHAPMAN, Gordonsville, Va. 

GREAT STAKES, 25521. 

RACE RECORD, 2:20, Trotting. 

Bay horse, by Billy Thornhill, 2:24, dam Sweetstakes 
by Sweep Stakes, 298. Great Stakes has sired Cap- 
tain, 2:16}; Foxhall, 2:191, and four others in the list. 
FEE, $25.00 for the Season of 1903. 

W.H.NELSON, • 1417 E. Franklin St, Richmond, Va. 



Pedigrees traced and tabulated. Catalogues compiled and cir- 
culars prepared. Special attention given registration 
matters pertaining to thoroughbred and trotting horses 



. BY.. 



W. J. CARTER (Broad Rock), 

P. O. Box 929, RICHHONO, VA. 



Representing the 

The Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va 
Southern Planter, Richmond, Va. 
Sports of the Times, New York. 
Kentucky Stock Farm, Lexington. Ky, 
Breeder and Sportsman, San Francisco, Cal. 



232 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER 



[]Vx 



Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS. 




gfezLtp 
wn Rollers 






Aspinwall Potato Planter. 

Automaric, Accurate and Reliable. Used 
by thousands of practical growers Ihe world 
over. Over twenty years on the market. 
Don'i be fooled by imitations and make-shifts, 
but write for attractive illustrated catalogue. 






Special prices given on Studebaker and 
Brown Wagons, Buggies and Carts. Bement Disc Cultivator> with 6 or 8 Disc . 



Steel Lever Harrows. 

Wood Harrows— All sizes. 
Disc Harrows— All sizes. 
Spring Tooth Harrows— All sizes. 
Acme Harrows— All sizes. 
Harrows of all styles kept in stock at low- 
est net prices. 



19. S3. 



Studebaker Buggies, all styles, Stude- 
baker Carriages, Studebaker Carts, 
Studebaker Runabouts. 

Buckeye Force Pumps. Porcelained 

Wood Pumps. Wood and Steel 

Wind Mills. 

ELI BALING PRESSES. 

68 styles and sizes. For horseor steam 

power. 

"Write for prices and catalogues. 



Built entirely of steel, steel forglngs and malle- 
able Iron. The toost simple and easiest adjusted 
cultivator on tne market to-day. Write for cir- 
culars and testimonials. 

The SCIENTIFIC Grinding Mills. 

The Improved Foos Gas and 



Gasolene Engines. 






DON'T FORGET ! 



All the merchants 
1 in town who claim 
to sell Oliver Plows and Repairs only sell the 
Imitation, Bogus, Cheap Goods. The only 
place in Richmond, Va., to buy Genuine Oli- 
ver Plows and Repairs is at 1436 and 1438 East 
Main Street. 



wsr^S^"* 




Cahoon Seed Sower. 
Michigan Wheelbarrow Sower. 

Three sizes. 

CUriBERLAND VALLEY CORN 

SHELLERS, 

One and Two Hole. 

The frame is made of thoroughly 
dry hard wood. Thejoints mortised, 
tenoned andbolted. The bearings are 
bolted on to the frame instead of 
screwed. The iron work is made from 
the very best material, and ever piece 
Is carefully inspected before being put 
on. This machine is high-grade all 
the way through. It is handsomely 
painted, striped and varnished. 

Write for special catalogue and 

price on any implements 

wanted. 



Frick and Aultmen and Taylor Engines, 
Saw Mills and Threshers. 




Kemp's Improved Manure Spreader, 
Three sizes. 



One and Two-Horse Planter, Plain or 
with Fertilizer Attachment. 



Superior Grain and Fertilizer 
Drills. Hoe and Disc. 




Bement" Improved Duplex Tooth Weeders. 

Write for circulars and prices. 



HENING & NUGKOLS, C& .'firl.. 1436-38 E. Main Street, RICHMOND, VI. 




*^£fl!^ 




WHY USE DANGEROUS BARB WIRE 

WHEN AN 

ATTRACTIVE WOVEN 
WIRE FENCE 

CAN BE BOUGHT AT EVEN 
LESS COST? 

THE AMERICAN FIELD FENCING Is made in many heights and styles for 

turning the smallest to the largest animal. Write for special catalogue and prices. 

THE EVANS STEEL-FRAME 
N PLANTER 

Will drop accurately any desired distance, and 
any quantity fertilizer. Extra Plates for Peas 
and Beans at small cost. Use one and be con- 
vinced it has no equal. 

EVANS TWO ROW CHECK OR DRILL. 
PLANTER is made entirely of Steel, and 
fertilizer attachmeut is so arranged as to pre- 
vent the distribution of fertilizer when it is 
not needed. Special cat. mailed on application. 

THE EUREKA CORN 

PLANTER Is notecl {or • ts aim ' 

pliciqy. Write for our price. 

PEA HULLERS- — It will pay to inspect the " STAR." Will hull and clean from 10 to 15 bus. of peas every hr. 

D I SC H A R ROWS. — Send for special cat. of the " THOMAS," lightest draft and strongest harrow made. 

OHIO FEED AND ENSILAGE CUTTER. -For hand or power. The 
strongest, simplest and best made. Write for pricse, catalogues and testimonials. 

CORN HOE DRILLS. THOMAS, OWECO AND 
PENNSYLVANIA DISC DRILLS. 

If you want the latest improved drill, and one that will do the most thorough work, 
see catalogues of these before buying elsewhere. 

THE IDEAL FEED MILL AND 
POWER COMBINED 

Has no equal for grinding shelled grain, corn and cob into excellent feed, 
other machinery as well. A full line of mills for horse and steam power. 

THE NO. 19 IDEAL VH ILL For one horse. A very useful size for small farms. Price, $15.00. 

PLO\Af S. — Try an "Imperial" and you will not want any other. It is admitted by all who have used 
it to be the best in the world. 

"V"CI?IMPED STEEL ROOFING 

Made in lengths of from 5 to 10 feet. The most economical roof for 
barns and all out houses. 

FANNING M ILLS. — We can strongly recommend the 
" LYONS " for cleaning any kind of grain or grass seed. Does its work clean, 
and praised by every one who has used it. 

If you are needing a wagon, try a •• BIRDSELL " with steel skeins, and be convinced there is none better made. 
All irons used are either.wrought or steel. The price too is very reasonable. 

The finest and largest stock of BUGGIES, CARRIAGES, HARNESS and SADDLES in the South.. 

Write for special catalogue. 

EVERYTHINQ THE FARM NEEDS WE CAN SUPPLY, AND THAT AT A CLOSE PRICE. 

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St , Richmond, Va. 




The Horse-Power is very useful for running 







n 4 NORTHWESTERN TZZ^Z. 

ORGANIZED 1857. N PURELY MUTUAL. 

THE BEST COMPANY fOR THE POLICY-HOLDER. 

Among the 25 leading companies, THE NORTHWESTERN shows the lowest rate of lapseB and surrenders. 
A satisfied membership ia the best of arguments. A NORTHWESTERN policy permits jou to leave a fixed 
annual income tj your widow, out of reach of peculatiou, speculation, or loss. 

T. ARCHIBALD GARY, Gen. Agt. for Va. and N. C, 1201 E. Main St., Richmond. Va. 

STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES 

Are the i evitable result of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON- 
DITION POWDERS. If you wish fat and smooth Cattle and healthy 
Milch Cows, give 

DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS. < 

For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS use S 

DIXIE NERVE AND BONE LINIMENT- Best on earth for Man or C 

Beut Large Bottle 26 eta. ; everywhere. C 

«— — OWENS ft MINOR DRUO CO., Richmond, Va. I 




VIRGINIA-C AROLINA CH EHICAL CO. 

Southern flanufacturers 

OF 

s, FERTILIZERS <£ 

-FOR — 

Southern Farmers. 



THE FACT5: 

Largest producers of material ! 
Largest makers of Fertilizers ! 

THE RESULTS: 

Better Fertilizers ! Lowering prices \ 
Increasing sales ! 



Sales Offices: RICHMOND, VA., NORFOLK, VA., DURHAM, N. C. 
AGENTS, - - - - EVERYWHERE. 



JOHN S. ELLETT, Pi-wid't. WM. M. HILL, Ouhiar. 
Capital, Ssoo.ooo. surplus, $24.0,000.