Established 1840. 



THE 



Sixty-Fourth Year. 



Southern Planter 



A MONTHLY JOURNAL 

DEVOTED TO 



Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture, 
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside. 





OFFICE: 


28 NORTH NINTH STREET, 


RICHHOND, 


VIRGINIA. 


THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY, 

J. F. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager. 


Proprietors. 


Vol. 


64. 


JUNE, 1903. 




No. 6. 



CONTENTS. 



FARM MANAGEMENT: 

Editorial— Work for the Month 369 

" Forage Crops 372 

Alfalfa 373 

"Wornout Lands" 374 

Hints on the Cultivation of Corn 375 

Sorghum as a Dry-Weather Crop 375 

"Pigs in the Peanut Patches" — Crims6n Clover. 376 

Fertilizers in a Dry Season 376 

Bermuda Grass 377 

The Value of Leguminous Crops. . . . °0 / 377 

Enquirers' Column (Detail Index, Page>C^f?' /p s .~. 

The Growing Buds and Grafts .TTS^J^/i; 

Half-Done Work is Always Wasteful 38 

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD: 

Editorial— Work for the Month .383 

Orchard and Garden Notes 384 

Planting Trees with a Crowbar 384 

Fruit Prospects in Virginia 385 

Editorial— Budding Trees 387 

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY: 

Editorial— Gay Blackbird, 14443 388 

Dried Blood as a Tonic for Young Calves 388 

Over 500 Pounds of Butter in the Year 389 



Pasture for Hogs 390 

Angus Cattle 390 

Intellectual Beef 391 

Blackleg 391 

Editorial— The Future of the Short Horn 392 

THE POULTRY YARD: 

Editorial — Nux Vomica for Chicken Killing 

Hawks 393 

To Destroy Lice in the Coops and Houses 393 

About Turkeys 394 

., Cost of Egg Production 394 

Tter^dORSE: 



Notes 

MISCELLANEOUS: 



395 



Editorial — Tbe Virginia State Board of Agri- 
culture 396 

The Good Roads Question 396 

Picking Strawberries in Southeastern Virginia, 

Near the Sea 397 

Freaks of Irish Potatoes 398 

Clover and Grass in Eastern Virginia 400 



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The Southern Planter. 



DEVOTED TO 



PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE, 
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE. 



Agriculture Is the nursing mother of the Arts.— XENOPHON. 
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. --SULLY. 



64th Year. 



Richmond, June, 1903. 



No. 6. 



Farm Management. 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 

At the date of this writing (20th May) the con- 
trast afforded in the weather, as compared with 
that at the time we wrote our article on work for 
the month for the April issue, is the most 
strongly marked we have ever known in so short a 
time. Then nearly the whole of the Southern Statee 
and many of the Eastern and Northern ones, were 
siiffering from an excess of cold rains, which had 
been long continued, and there seemed no immediate 
prospect of relief. Now, nearly the whole of the 
South and all the Eastern and Northern States, and 
many of the Middle States, are suffering from 
drought, which, in many places, has, already done 
serious injury. The rains ceased in the last week ir 
April and since May came in we have had dry, cool 
weather with decidedly cold nights and a complete 
absence of genial, growing weather. Not until the 
present week have even the mid-days been warm. 
Notwithstanding this ungenial weather, crop condi- 
tions in the South are not yet seriously impaired, 
but a continuance of the like conditions for another 
week will work serious injury. Already in several 
of the Northern and New England States damage 
has been done which cannot be made good, whatever 
the subsequent weather may be. 

In our April issue we sounded a note of warn- 
ing as to the probability of drought following so 
long a period of rain, but we did not look for its 
setting in so soon. If, however, what we then said 
was heeded, many a farmer may already have saved 
himself from much loss bv a careful conservation of 



the moisture in the ground. Where the surface soil 
has been kept stirred and loose there is yet a reserve 
of moisture in the land which will serve to carry the 
crops planted through a further period of dry 
weather. Wherever the surface soil has been allowed 
to become compacted and hard, moisture has been 
rapidly exhausted, and it will require some days of 
rain to fit such lands for planting, and the proba- 
bility is that the effect of the present drought will 
be seen in the yield of such crops at harvest. 



The condition of the wheat crop of the country 
still remains a high one, thought it suffered some 
impairment up to 1st of May and no doubt will have 
been further injured since that date. On the 1st of 
May the average condition throughout the country 
was 92.6, against a condition of 97.3 on 1st of April, 
1903, and 76.4 on May 1, 1902, and 82.5 the average 
of the last ten years. The condition in Virginia 
on May 1st was 94 ; in North Carolina, 75, in South 
Cai-olina, 78, and in Maryland 97. These figures 
show but little impairment from the April condition, 
and are very high ones for this section, being, in most 
cases, in excess of the ten year average. Winter oats 
are still looking well in most sections, though be- 
ginning to suffer from Avant of rain. Spring oats 
are seriously impaired, and in many sections will be 
a failure. This once more emphasizes what we have 
so often said, that the spring oat crop is not one for 
the South. Grass and clover crops were looking 
very well up to a week ago, but are now showing the 
effects of the drought, and the yield will, no doubt, be 



370 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[June 



cut off considerably. Crimson clover has made a 
better crop than usual, and some excellent hay has 
been made from it. which will help to make good the 
deficiency in red clover and meadow hay. 



The work of planting the corn crop will, we are 
afraid, occupy the attention of many farmers for 
some time yet. The sodden condition of the land up 
to the beginning of May, and the quick drying of the 
fields under the influence of the cold, dry winds of 
that month, caused much land to remain unplanted 
at the end of the month, and a great deal of that 
planted was put into a poor seed bed and will make 
slow progress and require frequent cultivation to 
stimulate its growth. Where land is unploughed on 
the 1st of May, as is too often the case, the occur- 
rence of such a spring as this has been is bound to 
cause poor stands of corn. The only remedy for this 
is to plough in winter and the first months of the 
year whenever the land can be worked, and then to 
fit it for a seed-bed with the disc harrow, roller and 
cultivator. Under this system moisture can be ac- 
cumulated in the land and afterwards be conserved 
there and the work of fitting the land for the seed 
can be much more quickly completed when the time 
and season for the work comes round. All haste pos- 
sible should now be made in completing planting, 
and the work of cultivation should have constant 
attention so as to hasten the growth of the crop. In 
our last issue we wrote at length on the proper 
method of cultivating the crop, and to this we refer 
our readers. We will add to what we then said, the 
following very valuable advice given by Mr. Terry 
in the Practical Farmer: 

But now let me give you one absolute rule in re- 
gard to the use of the cultivator, weeder or harrow 
in growing crops. You cannot do this work just 
when you have the time and get best results. It will 
not do to simply go over the ground so many times 
in a season, without regard to when, simply often 
enough to keep the weeds down. Let me tell you 
about the when, a matter that has literally brought 
us thousands of dollars. From start to finish never 
let the surface dry up after a rain, or rainy spell, 
and remain unbroken. Stir it always as soon as the 
land is dry enough to work. If it rains again in 
twenty-four hours, no matter, stir it again. If it 
does not rain, is all dry and dusty, never mind, stir 
again inside of a week any way, although you work 
in a cloud of dust. This stirring makes a mulch that 
saves water from evaporation — saves it for the crop. 
Water evaporates rapidly from an unstirred sur- 
face when the sun shines or the wind blows, but 
very slightly after you have made the surface fine 



and mellow two inches deep. This is the way to save 
water for your crop in a dry time. But keeping 
weeds down and saving water is not all one does by 
so much work. No ! There is much inert plant-food 
in the soil. Ordinary tillage makes a little avail- 
able. This extra tillage makes more ready for 
plants and you get larger crops. Larger because 
you have kept weeds from getting any. Larger be- 
cause you have saved water for the crop. Larger be- 
cause it has been able to get more to grow on. I hope 
you all prepared your ground well and have it well 
supplied with vegetable matter, then this extra care 
of crop will pay still better. 



The planting of corn for filling the silo should 
have attention during this month. We wish that 
more of our subscribers had silos to fill. We have 
repeatedly urged the building of a silo on every farm 
having more than half a dozen head of cattle on the 
place. It is the cheapest barn a man can build and 
preserves the feed placed in it in a. succulent condi- 
tion, which makes it always acceptable to the stock, 
and results in great economy in feeding, as the stalks 
are softened so that they are readily consumed with 
the finer portion of the feed. In our July issue we 
will give instructions for the building of a silo, and 
hope that many will be induced to try one. Once 
used no stock-keeper will ever want to be without one 
again. The best crop with which to fill a silo is corn 
or a mixture of corn and cowpeas or corn and soy 
beans. Corn alone makes a silage rich in carbo- 
hydrates, but lacking in protein. The addition of 
cow peas or soy beans supplies the needed protein, 
and makes the feed as taken from the silo nearly a 
completely balanced ration. Where corn alone is 
grown for filling the silo, or when corn is grown 
mixed with peas or soy beans, the crop should be 
planted in rows three feet apart and six or eight 
inches apart in the row. This admits of cultivating 
the crop and ensures that the stalks shall carry a fair 
proportion of ears. The stalks and fodder also be- 
come more fully matured and the silage made will be 
sweeter and not so watery. We are strongly in favor 
of growing cow peas with the corn. Those of our 
subscribers who have adopted this plan speak in the 
highest terms of the mixed crop. They get an in- 
crease in the yield at practically no cost except that 
of the cow-pea seed and get also a much more valu- 
able feed. It is true that the increased yield is not 
so great as would seem probable generally. Usually 
it amounts to about 25 per cent, in actual weight, 
but this gain costs so little and is attended with other 
advantages in addition to the improvement of the 
feed that render it most advisable. Amongst these 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



371 



advantages is the economy in land to be got ready for 
seeding and of the cultivation of a separate crop, 
and also the fact that a silo will hold much more 
feed made from a mixed crop than from one of corn 
alone. Experiments made at the Delaware Experi- 
ment Station show that a circular silo seventeen feet 
in diameter filled with settled silage to a depth of 
twenty-three feet would hold ninety-two tons of corn 
alone or 132 tons of mixed corn and peas grown in 
the proportion of 75 per cent, of corn and 25 per 
cent, of peas, which is about the usual proportionate 
weight when grown together. When grown together 
the corn should be first planted and at the second 
cultivation the peas should be drilled in along side 
the corn rows. The best variety of pea to use for 
this purpose is the Whippoorwill, as they grow more 
compactly in the corn row and do not reach across 
to the adjoining rows so as to tether the crop to- 
gether and make it difficult to harvest with a ma- 
chine. Grown together in this way from twelve to 
fifteen tons of silage to the acre may be readily pro- 
duced and on good land even twenty tons can be cut. 
Where soy beans are used for the protein crop they 
may be grown between the corn rows, which should, 
in that case, be four feet apart. We prefer, however, 
to grow this crop separately and mix with the corn 
when filling the silo. They make a better yield in 
this way. 



The forage crops, about which we wrote fully 
in our last issue, and on which subject we say an- 
other word in this issue, should be planted during 
this month and July. Eor information as to the 
best way in which to plant these crops see our May 



issue. 



The thinning out and cultivation of the cotton 
crop should receive close attention during this 
month. The yield of the crop largely depends upon 
the early vigorous growth of the plants and this is 
very largely influenced by the quickness with which 
the crop is brought to a stand and the repeated cul- 
tivation of it. 



The planting of the tobacco crop has been much 
delayed by the drotight of May and much of it will 
Dot vet have made a start in growth, even if planted. 
Push on the work of planting as quickly as the season 
will permit and let cultivation be often and shallow. 
When the crop is large enough to top do not top too 
high. It is better to have fewer leaves, all fully and 
evenly ripened, than a greater number of which part 
have to be cut before ripe. An evenly cured crop of 



tobacco all of the same color and texture can never 
be made out of a crop cut in different stages of 
ripening. The growing of this crop under shade is 
making progress in the New England cigar-leaf sec- 
tions, and to some extent is being tried in the South 
on the Havana and Sumatra types, but we have not 
heard of its being attempted with the bright and 
heavy shipping types. Eine results have been ob- 
tained with the types upon which the system has 
been tried. The cost is great, however, and seems 
likely only to be profitable upon such types as com- 
mand high prices. Erom $600 to $800 per acre is 
a large initial cost to be incurred. Look out for the 
worms and see that the first brood is closely destroyed, 
either by hand picking or by spraying. Spraying 
tobacco with Paris green is certain death to the 
worms and causes no injury to the tobacco or to the 
human consumer of it. We would, however, advise 
that no tobacco be sprayed with the Paris green after 
it begins to ripen or when getting near that stage, as 
the poison may stain the leaf and thus prejudice the 
sale. A mixture of one pound of Paris green to 160 
gallons of water will make a solution strong enough 
to kill the worms. 



The harvesting of the wheat and oat crops will 
call for attention before our next issue reaches its 
readers. Do not let the grain become over-ripe be- 
fore putting in the binder. An over-ripe crop never 
makes so good a sample as one cut just before being 
dead ripe. The grain is not so bright nor so plump. 
Besides this, an over-ripe crop shatters badly in 
handling and the yield is thus much reduced. See 
that your binder is in good repair and order, and 
chat you have a reserve of the principal working 
parts on hand, so that in the event of a break you 
will not have to wait until repairs can be had from 
the makers or dealers. Many a good crop has been 
lost from neglect of this precaution. The careless- 
ness with which agricultural machinery is frequently 
stored — and too often it is not stored at all — makes 
it very necessary that careful examination and clean- 
ing of the machines before using should be made. 
It is a sad commentary on the farmers' care of his 
binder that the Professor of Agricultural Mechanics 
at the Illinois Agricultural College has stated that 
as the result of enquiries made in Illinois, he finds 
the average life of a binder in that State is only four 
years and the average time used each year is only six 
days, thus making the real working life only twenty- 
four days. We are afraid that in this State a not 
much better record would be found. For so costly a 
machine this is a very expensive life. With care a 



372 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



binder should last many years more than four. The 
scarcity of hands is likely to cause difficulty in hand- 
ling the crop in many sections. Obviate this as far 
as possible by looking up and hiring the required 
hands before the crop is ready for cutting. See that, 
if possible, you have at least sufficient experienced 
hands to shock the grain as cut. Every sheaf should 
be in shock before leaving the field at night — if not 
prevented by rain. Sheaves left unshocked soon be- 
gin to shatter the grain and lessen the yield. See 
that the shocks are well capped, so that rain is kept 
out of the center. It is there where the damage 
is done in case of rain. 



The harvesting of clover and hay crops will also 
require attention. Whilst the drought we are having 
will, no doubt, somewhat reduce the yield of these 
crops, yet the good growth made in March and April 
will ensure a fair yield. See that the crops are cut 
before the heads are full of seed. The greatest 
nutriment is found in clover and hay when in bloom., 
and the greatest weight of produce can also be se- 
cured by cutting at that time. After the seed begins 
to form the nutritive value decreases and the stalks 
become dry, withered and light. When cut do not 
let the crop remain broadcast until all the nature is 
dried out of it and the leaves are crisp and shatter- 
ing. When well wilted rake up into wind row, and 
if not sufficiently dry to make into cock leave in that 
condition for a day and then put up into cock to com- 
plete the cure. Hay, whether clover or meadow, 
should be cured in cock, if the best condition is to 
be secured, unless the weather be so hot and windy 
as to cure it sufficiently for the barn in a few hours, 
which is not often the case. Hay cured in wind row 
or cock will keep its fresh, green color and fine smell 
and the fine blades and leaves will all be saved. 
Nothing but experience can dictate when hay is suffi- 
ciently cured to be safely stored away in a barn ; 
but one thing is certain, that nearly all the hay saved 
in the South is overdried before being stored. We 
would rather err on the side of storing a little too 
soon than leave it in the field too long. If the crop 
is free from rain or dew and only has natural 
moisture in it, it will, even if carried a little too 
soon, cure out in the barn into good hay. It will 
heat more and be a browner color, but will smell 
well and be eaten greedily. If, however, it be stored 
in the barn with rain or dew upon it it will heat and 
spoil and may burn up from spontaneous combus- 
tion. We have known this to happen and have seen 
many stacks and mows almost black when cut into 
after cooling. If the crop is to be stacked out of 



doors put up in a large stack, rather than in a num- 
ber of small ones. There is much less waste from 
weathering and the hay will be much bettier in 
quality. 



FORAGE CROPS. 



In our last issue we wrote at some length on the 
importance of forage crops as adjuncts to the suc- 
cessful conduct of every farm, and gave instructions 
for the proper production of these crops. The day 
has long gone by when the fodder produced by the 
corn crop was all that was necessary to carry the 
stock of the farm through the winter and when even 
much of this was wasted. Now upon nearly every 
farm there is need for the production of special 
crops for feeding the live stock, and this ought to 
be the case everywhere. Formerly the price of corn 
and wheat was usually at such a level as that the 
primary object of farming in the South, or rather 
planting, for there was little real farming, was the 
production of these crops and tobacco and cotton 
as sale crops, and for the feeding of the owner and 
his hands, and the production of live stock and beef, 
mutton and hog meat was a factor regarded as of 
but little moment. Now, on the average of years, the 
only way in which the farm can be run profitably is 
by the conversion of all except the wheat, tobacco 
and cotton crops into live stock, meat and butter 
products. This is as it should be, for no farm can 
be maintained in a state of fertility on which the 
products are all sold off in their unconverted con- 
dition. The use of commercial fertilizers, even in 
the enormous quantities which are now the rule in 
the South, cannot maintain fertility, much less re- 
store to fertility land which in the past has been 
farmed in the manner formerly the rule in the South. 
The practice of this system of planting has resulted 
in the thousands, yea, millions, of acres of galled 
and wasted land, which is a characteristic of the 
South. The work of the present and future genera- 
tions of southern farmers is, and will have to be, the 
restoration of these lands to more than their pres- 
tine fertility, and this can only be accomplished by 
the breeding, rearing and feeding of live stock on 
every farm. Without this adjunct the production of 
the sale crops of tobacco and cotton must diminish 
instead of increase, and the wasting of our lands 
must continue. It is a fortunate coincidence that 
the time when this change has become imperative is 
one in which the value of live stock has reached a 
figure seldom touched in the past and when the free 
lands of the West have ceased to be a constant menace 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



373 



to the investment of capital in the live stock busi- 
ness of the Eastern, Southern and Middle States. 
The western man must now pay for the lands on 
which his stock graze and thus an equality of con- 
ditions has been established in the basic factor of the 
problem. The eastern and southern man can now 
go into the production of stock with an assurance 
that if properly conducted he can compete, with suc- 
cess, against the farmer of any other section and 
with some of the factors in the problem notably in 
his favor. He is nearer the great centers of popu- 
lation and consumption of the best than the pro- 
ducers of any other section, and these have enjoyed, 
and are likely to continue to enjoy prosperity, so 
that they have become capable of taking at a profit 
ail that can be poured into them from nearby 
points. What the southern farmer now needs to do 
to ensure a share of this prosperity is to provide an 
abundance of feed so that he can keep up a constant 
supply of these products. Climatic conditions are 
such in the South that he can produce the feeds called 
for to meet the occasion for less than any other sec- 
tion of the country. Here he can make two crops in 
the vear of these feeds as against the one of less value 
as a maker of bone, flesh and meat of the western 
and northern man, and he can at the same time re- 
store and recuperate the wasted fertility of his 
lands. As illustrative of this, articles in this issue 
relate how farmers in two different sections of this 
State have already made and housed one crop of 
crimson clover hay after having used the land on 
which it was grown for grazing during the winter. 
This land can, and will, now go into corn or some 
other forage crop, which will make further feed for 
the winter and can then be followed by a winter 
grazing crop. We desire to see this practice become 
the rule, instead of the exception, in the South. 
Land which, in the West and North has, from 
climatic causes, been prevented being put into a sum- 
mer crop, must perforce now wait until the fall be- 
fore it can be seeded. Here it can be yet put into 
crops which will make heavy yields of the most 
nutritive feed that can be produced and be improved 
in the process for planting in fall crops. We would 
strongly urge that advantage should be taken of this 
bountiful provision of nature and that not an acre 
be left unseeded with some crop. The indications 
now are that unless we have rain quickly crops now 
seeded are likelv to be cut short. This shortage can 
easily be made good in the South if proper efforts 
are made. Let cow peas or cow peas and sorghum 
or millet be seeded as soon as the land can be got 
ready for them. Thev can be sown with certaintv 



of maturing sufficiently to make good long feed even 
up to the end of July and make a heavy hay crop, 
whilst rape, rutabagas and turnips can be sown in 
July, August and September for making fall and 
winter feed, and crimson clover and vetches can be 
seeded in August, September and October for winter 
grazing and spring forage and hay crops. With 
such a variety of choice yet available crops there 
can be no excuse for any farmer being short of long 
feed for a heavy head of live stock during the winter, 
and we are satisfied that the live stock to be fed on 
these and the grain crops of the farm 'can be fed 
profitably. 



ALFALFA. 

From the numerous inquiries we receive as to this 
crop it is quite apparent that southern farmers do 
not intend longer to let the men of the West have a 
monopoly of the profits to be made from the use of 
this most excellent feed. We have for years en- 
deavored to interest southern men in this crop, but 
until last year with very indifferent success. We are 
satisfied, not only from our own experience with it, 
but from reports from several of our subscribers, 
that there is no reason whatever to doubt its success 
on suitable lands in this and the adjoining Southern 
States. Within a few miles of this city there are 
several large fields of alfalfa which have made excel- 
lent crops for several years. The great difficulty 
which has to be encountered in securing a good 
stand of alfalfa in the South is the weedy character 
of our lands. Weeds and alfalfa cannot succeed to- 
gether. The first thing to be done if alfalfa is to 
be attempted is to get rid of the weeds. It will be a 
waste of seed and labor to attempt to secure a stand 
unless this is done. The land best adapted for the 
crop is a loam soil inclining to sand or gravel and 
with a goodly intermixture of clay. Even on a clay 
soil it may succeed, providing the subsoil conditions 
are favorable. The most important requisite in the 
subsoil is that it should be easily penetrable by the 
roots, that it should be deep and that it should be 
moist, but at the same time free from stagnant water 
at all seasons of the year. Alfalfa is a deep rooting 
plant and to succeed must have opportunity to send 
down its roots. Having selected suitable land the 
work of killing out the weeds should be undertaken. 
This may be best accomplished by giving the field a 
summer fallow. Plough as soon as possible and 
harrow finely and thus encourage the sprouting of 
the weed seeds. When a growth has been secured 
harrow or cultivate on a hot, dry day and kill out the 



374 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



crop and bring up further seeds to sprout, which 
must be killed in like manner. Continue this work 
through the summer until August, when the land 
should be in good order for seeding, and should then 
have a dressing of 15 or 20 bushels of lime to the acre. 
Some, instead of giving a clean summer fallow, pre- 
pare well and then seed heavily with cow peas, which 
act as a smothering crop. The peas are cut for hay 
and then the surface is just lightly stirred, say, for 
two or three inches, with a harrow and the alfalfa is 
seeded. This plan has succeeded where the land is not 
too full of -weed seeds. If the land is not in a good 
state of fertility it should be helped with 400 or 500 
pounds of acid phosphate to the acre and the young 
alfalfa be given a top dressing of 100 pounds of 
nitrate of soda to the acre in the spring following 
seeding when growth is just starting. After a good 
stand is secured top dressing with farm-yard manure 
in the fall and winter will be found excellent to 
maintain the stand, or bone meal may be used for 
this purpose. The best time to seed the crop is in 
August or September in all the southern country 
east of the Blue Ridge and south of the Potomac. 
West and north of these limits it should be seeded in 
March or April. The seed — twenty-five pounds to 
the acre — should be sown broadcast, half being sown 
one way and the other half across. Cover with a 
light harrow and roll. The first year no crop should 
be taken from it, but it should be cut over with the 
mower two or three times during the summer, just 
clipping off the tops of the plants and leaving the 
cuttings as a mulch. In the second year it may be 
cut two or three times, according to growth, each cut- 
ting being made when the plants are coming into 
bloom. Treated in this way the crop should stand 
for from seven to ten years, yielding each year two 
or three heavy crops. It may be grazed with sheep, 
hogs or young cattle if desired, but is liable to cause 
bloat in cows and sheep. Its great value is as a hay 
crop, of which it makes one of the richest known 
and the heaviest yield. 



"W0RN0UT LANDS." 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I should like to give my experience with a piece 
of so-called "wornout land," and if any subscribers 
have any such land and will work it as I did they 
will find that it only wants to be cultivated well and 
be fed a little by sowing some leguminous crop and 
ploughing it in the ground to become fertile again. 

I purchased a tract of land in the spring of 1902, 



and at that time it was all grown up in small pines, 
sassafras bushes and other shrubs. I cut the pines 
down and grubbed the hardwood bushes out and 
burned the broomsedge off. Had it not been so late 
in the spring I should have ploughed the broomsedge 
down, but at that time it would not have had suffi- 
cient time to rot before I put the crop in. 

After I had the land all clean I ploughed it from 
ten to twelve inches deep with a good two-horse plow. 
I finished ploughing about the middle of April and 
then let it lay until the 10th of May, so that it was 
well settled. I then ran the disc harrow over it both 
ways, which thoroughly cut the sod ; then I dragged 
it level and was ready to plant my corn, and this I 
did about the 20th of May. I did not have any stable 
manure to put on it and I did not use any chemical 
fertilizer, for I do not think it pays on corn. 

Some of my neighbors laughed at me and said I 
was throwing my work away, but I decided to give it 
a fair trial anyhow. I worked the corn well and I 
had a better crop even than I expected, which proves 
that all the so-called "wornout land" is not as bad as 
it is made out to be. 

But when land is only half ploughed and is 
cropped year after year and nothing put on it, one 
cannot expect much. Land to produce good crops 
must be fed occasionally, and the best and cheapest 
way is with legumes and plenty of manure. Chemi- 
cal fertilizers alone will not tend to improve land 
much, for land to become fertile must have plenty of 
humus in it, and this chemical fertilizers will not sup- 
ply. This keeps the land open, prevents it from bak 
ing and makes it resist drought much better. When 
land is devoid of humus a good way to begin — if one 
wants to improve it — would be to sow it down in 
peas. Plough the land deep and harrow it well ; sow 
about a bushel of peas per acre broadcast and if a 
heavy growth of vines is desired apply about 300 
pounds of acid phosphate per acre. It is best not 
to plough the peas under until they are dry. If they 
are ploughed under in a green state use a dressing of 
lime. Crimson clover is also a very good crop to 
turn under as an improver. Now is a good time to 
lay the foundation for a good corn crop next year. 
The land that is not being cropped this year and is 
to be planted in corn next, should be sown in peas. 
This can be done as late as the middle of June and 
these can be turned under the latter part of Sep- 
tember and the same land sown in crimson clover, 
which can be cut for hay about the 10th of May and 
the land be ]:>lanted in corn by the last of the month. 
Plough the land deep, harrow it until it is in good 
order, then harrow it again, to be sure it is all right, 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



375 



for land cannot be put in too good order. This pro- 
cess will invariably insure a good crop of corn, and 
if it were kept up many of the farmers who have 
plenty of land, but think it is too poor to work, would 
not have to take money out of their pockets — which 
they have worked hard to get — and buy feed for their 
stock every spring. H. J. Rosbach. 

Hanover county, Va. 



HINTS ON THE CULTIVATION OF CORN. 

(A paper read before the Farmers' Club of Glouces- 
ter county, Va.) 

The man who expects success as a corn raiser 
should begin to plan his crop long before the plant- 
ing season arrives — the longer before the better. 

The farmer who selects his field at haphazard 
about the 1st of March, and only allows himself two 
or three months to prepare for his crop, is in the 
class with the man who tries to fatten poor cattle 
in six weeks. 

Stock men and crop farmers practice different 
methods of rotation, etc., so that the best mode of 
culture for corn will depend upon which of these two 
classes the farmer belongs to. 

Generally speaking, the stock farmer will find it 
most profitable to use an old pasture field for corn. 
If he has fed such concentrates as oil meal, cotton- 
seed meal, etc., in connection with the pasture and 
top dressed the sod with barn-yard manure during 
the feeding season, he is pursuing an ideal method 
for raising heavy crops of corn and maintaining or 
increasing fertility of soil. 

The cropper is a man with intensive methods. His 
favorite mode of preparing land for corn is to take 
it through a course of improving legumes, such as 
cow peas, Soja (soy) beans and the clovers, often 
depending upon commercial fertilizers to assist these 
nitrogen-gathering plants in their work of soil im- 
provement. 

If you want to raise corn with success and profit 
take at least two years in which to build up the fer- 
tility of the land where the corn is to be raised. 

A combination of cow peas or Soja beans and 
crimson clover or rye with plenty of ploughing, har- 
rowing and fining of the soil will always pay big re- 
turns, both in a corn crop and in permanent benefit 
to the soil. 

In our section, where the great Bermuda grass is 
king, I have always practiced deep cultivation of 
corn, but only — and this is all important — while the 
corn is a small plant with little root development. 
As soon as corn is up so that the row can be followed 



I use a double worker cultivator with four shovels, 
each six inches wide and thirteen inches long. With 
this implement I give the corn two deep, thorough 
workings in quick succession, tearing up Bermuda 
root and branch. After this I use an "Iron Age" 
cultivator with small teeth, keeping the surface of 
the ground as thoroughly stirred as possible as long 
as corn can be worked. 

Now, a word about seed corn : Every farmer who 
gets hold of a heavy-yielding variety of corn that 
suits his soil and is satisfactory for feeding or sale, 
should hold on to it, raise his own seed and try to 
improve it, rather than to be constantly trying new 
varieties of seed, some of which are sure to be 
failures. 

Seed corn should be raised on a plot of select land 
far enough away from any other corn to prevent 
mixing. 

It should be planted in checks four feet each way 
and be carefully thinned to two stalks per hill. 
After the corn tassels it should be thinned a second 
time, all stalks that are barren or of inferior growth 
being cut out. 

There can be no doubt to a logical mind that 
barren and inferior stalks, in fertilizing healthy and 
prolific stalks, injure the quality of the ear which 
they bear. 

If seed corn be carefully selected and bred in this 
manner, put on rich, kind soil and carefully culti- 
vated, it is sure to improve from year to year. 

Gloucester county, Va. N. S. Hopkins. 



SORGHUM AS A DRY-WEATHER CROP. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

We are having the dryest time now I have seen for 
a long time. It has not rained since the night of 
the 3d of this month (May). During the winter and 
spring we had so much rain that the ground became 
thoroughly packed, and all lands anyway stiff are 
very hard and dry. We cannot plough at all, and 
many farmers have planted but little corn and the 
ground is so hard that they cannot now plough at 
all, consequently the time for making corn and 
forage is going to be very short. The spring oat 
crop must be a failure, which will cut us off again 
in forage. We will have to look around for some 
means to meet the coming demand for feed. I don't 
know of a more reliable crop for that purpose than 
sorghum if it rains enough to allow ploughing in the 
next thirty days. By planting and sowing a good 
lot of sorghum we may meet the demand, for it will 
stand more dry weather than corn and makes a better 



376 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



class of forage. I have fed on it all winter and am 
yet feeding it and my horses are looking very well. 
It makes at least twice as much per acre as corn 
fodder. If you sow it and peas together — one bushel 
each per acre — it makes most excellent hay. 

Henrico county, Va. Country. 



'TIGS IN THE PEANUT PATCHES"— CRIMSON 
CLOVER. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

We have often heard of "pigs in clover," but down 
here in Eastern Virginia we find "pigs in peanut 
patches'' in the fall of the year. The peanut is 
planted in May and ploughed out in October and 
November, before the frost has cut the vines. 

In digging it is expected that from 2 to 5 per 
cent., or even more, of the nuts are broken off the 
vines and remain in the ground. 

The pig, who is as fond of peanuts as the small 
boy, industriously roots the ground all over for the 
scattered nuts and rapidly fattens on this oily food. 

If killed when he comes off from the peanut patch 
the meat is soft and oily, and has a "peanutty" flavor 
to it, which is obviated by feeding corn a few days 
prior to killing. If allowed to run in the peanut 
field from the 1st of November to the middle of De- 
cember and then fed corn for a few days the pigs are 
in fine shape to kill, and such meat so made or fat- 
tened, is much more palatable and much healthier 
then the thicker, fatter, hotter, corn-fed pork of the 
West. 

The thrifty farmer can sow a few acres in crimson 
clover in August, September or October and turn his 
pigs on the same and let them graze until the middle 
of April following, putting rings in their noses to 
keep them from rooting out the clover. Taking them 
off about the middle of April, the clover springs up 
and grows rapidly, and in twenty-five to thirty days 
thereafter he can plough the clover under and plant 
peanuts, or corn, or sweet-potatoes on the same land 
the same season. 

I recently visited a farmer — on the 12th day of 
May. On the 20th day of April preceding he had 
taken the pigs off from the crimson clover, which 
was then twenty inches tall and in full bloom — grow- 
ing twenty inches in twenty-two days. 

This farmer saves a little strip of his crimson 
clover to ripen fully and then pounds out the seed 
for the ensuing crop and sows it, chaff and all, thus 
securing his clover seed at practically no cost at all ; 
and in sowing it with the chaff he secures a better 



and a more even stand than when he uses the cleaned 
seed from the store at $3 or $4 per bushel. 

Ploughing under the bulk of the crimson clover 
crop in May he plants the land to peanuts, so that 
between the four and one-half months winter grazing 
on the clover and the six weeks fattening on the pea- 
nut crop, the pigs make good use of the land, while 
the owner gets a profitable crop of peanuts. 

With such opportunities here, and such advantages 
in the way of raising and fattening pigs, it hardly 
seems necessary for this seaport to call upon the 
great West for at least 10,000,000 pounds of pork 
per year. 

It is not only possible, but entirely practicable and 
feasible, to make pork here cheaper than at the West. 
It will not only be cheaper, but it will be healthier. 

We would like to see pigs in every peanut patch 
and in every clover patch in Eastern Virginia. 

Norfolk, Va. A. Jeffeks. 



FERTILIZERS IN A DRY SEASON. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

It is sometimes claimed that dry weather is fatal 
to fertilizers — that is, that fertilizers will show an 
effect only in good seasons. There is no foundation, 
in fact, for this idea. As a rule, fertilizers are not 
used intelligently. The special plant-food needs of 
the crop are not considered, and in a dry, unfavor- 
able season the foraging power of a plant is greatly 
lessened, so that it is nearly impossible for it to make 
good any plant-food deficiencies in the fertilizer by 
searching the soil for same. 

Many experiments have been made, showing the 
effect of a well-balanced plan1>food mixture under 
conditions of severe drought, one of which we give 
here somewhat in detail. This experiment — on 
corn — was made by Mr. Charles H. Rogers, of Col- 
leen, Nelson county, Va. The soil was thin, worn 
and sandy and with a red clay subsoil. Under best 
conditions no very heavy crop could be expected 
from such soil with such improvement as one year's 
thorough treatment could effect. The drought, set- 
ting in early in June, was so severe that the stalks 
of the crop were practically valueless as fodder, 
Avhile the yield from the unfertilized soil was prac- 
tically nothing, being five bushels to the acre only. 

The experiment was made with three plots, one 
of which was unfertilized. Plot 2 was treated with 
the equivalent of 1,000 pounds per acre of a ferti- 
lizer testing 4 per cent, ammonia, 8 per cent, avail- 
able phosphoric acid and 6 per cent, potash — a for- 
mula particularly suitable to corn on light soils. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER 



37 7 



Mr. Kogers reports that the effect of the fertilizers 
was noticed from the start, but was materially 
checked by the drought. A third plot was planted, 
receiving the same amount of phosphoric acid and 
ammonia as Plot 2, but no potash, which was left 
out from the fertilizer in order to show what potash 
would produce if added to the mixture, as in Plot 2. 

The results in grain showed Plot 2 to have pro- 
duced an increase of twenty bushels to the acre and 
Plot 3 an increase of ten bushels. This settles the 
question of the crop-making power of fertilizers in 
bad seasons. It also throws considerable light upon 
the quality of effective fertilizers for grain crops on 
thin, worn soils. By omitting potash from the fer- 
tilizer the yield was reduced nearly one-half, and 
this under most unfavorable conditions. 

Moore county, N. C. Bryan Tyson. 



BERMUDA GRASS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

In the May issue of the Planter there appeared 
an article from J. S. Newman, South Carolina. He 
seems to favor propagating Bermuda grass. For 
my part I want none of it. It may be all right to 
plant Bermuda if no other crop is desired on the 
same farm, or adjoining farms. I had rather buy a 
farm matted all over with wire than one well set to 
Bei'inuda. 

I suppose his way of propagation is good, except 
after it gets a start it would be an advantage to 
plough in deep with a turn plow everv spring, as 
the more it is ploughed the better it grows. In this 
part of the country it pays a farmer to stop and up- 
root a piece of ''wire grass," no matter how great his 
hurry. Trucker. 

Hanover county, Va. 

We fully realize the objection of a "Trucker" to 



Bermuda grass. 



On an arable farm or in a garden 



we know of no greater .pest, but as a pasture for 
stock in a hot climate it is the best that can be had 
and more valuable than the finest Kentucky blue- 
grass. There are thousands of acres in the South 
that ought to be covered with it and then we could 
graze cattle and sheep with any country in the 
world, and instead of galls and gullies should have 
a beautiful green sod in the hottest weather. — -En. 



THE VALUE OF LEGUMINOUS CROPS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I send you under another cover a bunch of what is 
called here, a filth, "cotton top" or "woolly head" 
clover. Where I got the enclosed it has been grow- 



ing for about nine or ten years, and nothing seems 
to exterminate it. I have grown two successive crops 
of corn on the land and for two other seasons a crop 
each of pea hay and crimson clover. I send it to 
show you the tubercles on the roots, though the plant 
is not yet half matured. The other is what we call 
"partridge pea," growing on the same land. On 
this plant the tubercles are very small, but more in 
number. Before this land took in these plants — 
about the time (or year after) I sowed it first to 
crimson clover — it was dead poor and would pro- 
duce about seven and a half bushels corn. I have 
had it recently to yield fifty bushels per acre. I 
have never seen a piece of land improve so rapidly 
as this has done. At first I thought my "cotton top" 
a nuisance, but have decidedly changed my mind. 
Richmond county, Va. A. C. Fisher. 

This communication strongly illustrates the im- 
portance of a knowledge of botany by farmers. These 
two plants — the so-called "cotton top," which is 
really a clover, and the so-called partridge pea, which 
is a vetch — are both members of that great family 
of legumes which are the truest friends of the farm- 
ers. All the clovers, the peas, the beans, alfalfa, 
sainfoin, lupines, etc., belong to this family of plants 
and are all capable of taking from the atmosphere 
nitrogen, which forms one of the greatest constitu- 
ents of the air and which is in itself one of the most 
needed sources of plant food. This they do by 
means of tubercles, which form on the roots, and 
are the homes of microbes, which assimilate and ren- 
der available this nitrogen for plant-food. Absence 
of this knowledge leads farmers frequently to de- 
stroy their best friends in the shape of plants, which 
Work for them without fee or reward. JSTo doubt 
thousands of acres of this so-called "filth," "cotton 
top" and "partridge pea" have been ruthlessly de- 
stroyed as pestiferous weeds in the South, which, if 
left alone, would have made these acres fertile and 
valuable. Their persistence in growth, notwith- 
standing persecution, is a wonderful illustration of 
the efforts of nature to clothe the earth with verdure 
and to make it profitable for cultivation by man. 
Like '"dirt," which has been defined as being "sim- 
ply matter out of place," plants of this character 
are sometimes troublesome in other crops, but their 
natural growth ought to be encouraged by utilizing 
the land for such crops as those in which their per- 
istence will only enhance the yield and quality of 



the crop, like the grasses, clovers and other forage 
crops. When, by the continued production of these 
crops, the land has been filled with humus and fer- 
tility, then it may profitably be brought again int > 
cultivation for other crops like corn, wheat, tobac > 



378 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



and cotton, and these be grown in a proper system 
of rotation with the clovers, peas and beans, and thus 
the fertility be maintained. — Ed. 



ENQUIRERS' COLUMN. 



Enquiries should^be sent 'to the office of The Southern Plan- 
ter, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the month for 
replies to appear in the next month's issue. 



Covering Cow Peas— Cow Peas and Corn. 

Please let us known how cow peas should be cover- 
ed when sown broadcast. Simply to say sow broad- 
cast is very indefinite to us folks up here near the 
mountains, where such things have never -been culti- 
vated. Let us know if oats or corn could not be 
sown with cow peas to advantage as a forage crop for 
hay. I see one of your writers on this subject ad- 
vises planting cow peas in each hill of corn. If vou 
think this is advisable, please give variety best suited 
for such planting. Would it either help or injure 
the corn crop '? W. L. Richards. 

Fauquier Co., Va. 

When sown broadcast cow peas should be covered 
either by harrowing or by working them in with a 
cultivator. A cultivator makes the best work, es- 
pecialy a Disc cultivator. 

Corn may be sown with cow peas, but we prefer 
to use sorghum as making a beter hay feed. In this 
issue you will find information as to sowing cow peas 
with corn for silage or fodder. — Ed. 



Lettuce Growing. 

I want to ask you a few questions about lettuce 
growing. I want to plant in fall for late winter and 
early spring shipping. When ought I to sow seed, 
and what kinds are best ? How much fertilizer 
should I use to the acre, and how much seed must I 
sow? Tom E. Person. 

Wayne Co., N. C. 

The lettuce seed for providing the plants for the 
winter crop should be sown about the middle of Sep- 
tember. Sow on a rich, fresh bed and as soon as the 
plants are big enough to handle they should be set 
out in frames, if wanted for a very early market, or 
in the open ground for the spring market. The soil 
in which they are set out should be well worked, and 
be made rich with a fertilizer having about 6 per 
cent, of ammonia, 4 per cent, of phosphoric acid, and 
8 per cent, of potash. This may be made of 300 
pounds of nitrate of soda, 800 pounds of cotton seed 
meal, 600 pounds of acid phosphate (13 per cent), 
and 300 pounds of muriate of potash to make a ton. 
I 'se about 700 to 1,000 pounds to the acre. As let- 



tuce seed is very fine and light, an ounce or two of 
seed will grow a great quantity of plants. The best 
varieties for the winter crop, when grown in frames, 
is the Boston Market. Eor the open ground the best 
variety is All-the- Year-Round. When grown in 
frames the plants should have plenty of air given at 
all times in the day when the weather is mild, but be 
closed at night. — Ed. 



Cough in Hogs. 

What is good for hogs that cough a good deal ? 

Warren Co., Va. W. S. Weaver. 

Give the hogs some linseed oil in their food, say, 
half a pint for each hog. Eollow this with half a tea- 
spoonful of nitrate of potash for each hog in the 
drinking water once or twice a week. — Ed. 



Cress Salad. 

I should be greatly obliged if you can give me 
some light on how to kill cress salad. I have a 
forty-acre field in wheat that is over three-fourths 
salad, and where the salad is there is very little wheat 
and in some places not any at all. If I fallow this 
land deep in the fall so as to cover up the seed several 
inches, will this prevent it from coming out in the 
following spring? Please give me some information 
and suggest a remedy. Thos. B. Davis. 

Greene Co., Va. 

As soon as the wheat is harvested plough the land, 
turning a thin furrow, and then harrow and clean 
off all the weeds and trash which works on to the 
surface, and either burn or carry it to the barn-yard 
to make manure. This should get rid of the cress 
plants before the seed has ripened. Then to rid the 
land of the seed already in the soil work over with 
the disc cultivator and induce the seeds to germi- 
nate, and as they do so kill the plants out by harrow- 
ing on a hot day. Repeat this several times during 
the summer and you will get rid of the trouble. To 
wait until fall before attacking the pest is simply to 
give it the opportunity to make and fill the land with 
more seed, which sooner or later will come again 
sufficiently near the surface to germinate and trouble 
you again. — Ed. 



Veterinary Colleges. 

Will you please, in your next month's Planter, 
state which are the best veterinary colleges in this 
country and Canada, and what the expenses would 
be, and the length of time it woud take a man to 
graduate ; also the best hospitals where a man can 
work after leaving the college. M. Wise. 

Accomac Co., Va. 

We are not able to give you the information asked. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



379 



There is a good college in New York and one in 
Canada, but we' do not know the address of either. 
If you would write the President of the Agricultural 
College, Ithaca, N. Y., and the President of the Agri- 
cultural College, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, these gen- 
tlemen would no doubt give you the information you 
seek. — Ed. 



Cow Peas as Improvers— Compost. 

1. I have a piece of land, about two acres, that is 
very poor; would not bring more than four or five 
bushels of corn per acre. "Would it pay to sow the 
same to cow peas, using an 8-2-2 fertilizer, say 500 
pounds per acre; the vines to be turned under next 
fall and the place seeded to oats and grass ? 

2. Where can I get a book on intensive farming 
and truck gardening ? 

3. I can get any quantity of pine mould out of 
which to make compost, which is the best way to 
handle it ? Haul it out during fall and winter and 
spread broadcast on the land, with lime spread over 
that and iurned under, or pile it up about on the land 
in a layer of mould and a layer of lime and let lay all 
winter, turning at times, and then broadcast during 
spring and turn under ? A Subscriber. 

Mecklenburg Co., Va. 

1. Yes. It would undoubtedly pay, but we would 
apply 400 pounds of acid phosphate to the acre, in- 
stead of the mixed fertilizer. It would cost less and 
be more effective. Turn the vines under after they 
are dead, and not when full of moisture. 

2. We can supply you with Robert's book on the 
Fertility of the Land, which teaches how to make the 
land rich and thus permits of intensive farming, and 
Oehmler's book on truck crops. The price of the 
first is $1.25 and the second $1.00. 

3. Spread the woods mould on the land broadcast 
and the lime on this and then plough both under. 
No advantage is gained by mixing and composting 
them. — Ed. 



3. Goats will eat almost anything, but we cannot 
say positively that they will eat these weeds. They 
do seem, however, to prefer weeds to grass and clover. 

4. We think Shropshires would do better in your 
section than Dorsets, and they would give more 
mutton and wool. Dorsets are pre-eminently winter 
lamb raisers. — Ed. 



Plants for Name. 

Enclosed find two plants I found growing; in front 
of our home. You will please state what they are; 
what kind of land they grow best on, and where I can 
secure seed for the same. I admit I do not take the 
Planter, but I hope this will not cause you not to 
publish this, for I read my friends'. I assure you 
it will be greatly appreciated.. 

Lenoir Co., N. C. W. Closs West. 

"We cannot identify the plants from the two sprigs 
sent. To enable us to do so we must have the whole 
plant, root and flower. One appears to be some kind 
of clover, the other we do not know at all. We think 
enquirers might at least take the journal, when it 
only costs 50 cents a year, before asking us to give 
them information. It would only be a small recom- 
pense for our labor. — Ed. 



Sheep Sorrel— Sheep. 

1. Will sheep eat sheep sorrel ? 

2. What are best methods of killing it ? 

3. Will Angora goats eat paw-paw, yellow dock or 
sheep sorrel ? 

4. What breed of sheep do you think best adapted 
to this section, one which will produce both wool and 
mutton I How about the Dorsets ? 

Lee Co., Va. T. M. King. 

1. No, not unless pinched hard with hunger. 

2. Make the land rich, so that better plants will 
grow on it and crowd out the sorrel. It is an indica- 
tion of poverty of soil. 



Crimson Clover. 

Will you be so kind as to inform me, through your 
paper, what time to sow crimson clover ? I have 
just read a letter in the Planter from C. F. Day, in 
regard to crimson clover as being a srood fertilizer 
as well as for grazing. I live in Eastern North 
Carolina, and we don't sow anything of the kind. 
I have some sandy land that will make from 15 to 20 
bushels of corn per acre, and would be glad to im- 
prove it by sowing clover, if you think that kind of 



land will grow it. 



R. C. Morton. 



Onslow Co., N. C. 

The land you describe will grow crimson clover. 
Sow the seed at any time from August to October at 
the rate of fifteen pounds to the acre if seeded alone, 
or if in mixture with oats or wheat, which we ad- 
vise, at the rate of ten pounds of clover and half a 
bushel of grain. Sow broadcast and cover with a 
light harrow. — Ed. 



Gasoline Engine. 

Will you kindly advise me, through your columns, 
as to what you think of a 2 J H. P. gasoline engine be- 
ing sufficient to run a 24-inch wood saw and a No. 11 
Cyclone feed cutter ? The engine I have reference to 
is the Weber Engine. Do you think I could run 
either machine to fair advantage with 2i_ H. P 



en- 



gine ? Would said engine give as much or less power 



380 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



than five horses on sweep power ? The manufac- 
turer fits this engine with 8-inch drive pulley. Now, 
what effect would it have on the driving power of en- 
gine to fit it with a 14-inch pulley ? I want just as 
cheap an engine as I can get to do my work, as it will 
have to stand idle most of the time. I just want it 
for my own use, and not to do custom Avork. 

Durham, N. C. J. Thos. Hicks. 

We doubt very much whether a two and a half 
horse-power engine will do the work you describe. 
The nominal power of a gasoline engine is practi- 
cally its actual power and not, as is the case with a 
steam engine, only about half the actual power. A 
three horse sweep horse-power would not run the 
machines you mention. You should have at least a 
four horse engine. Increasing the size of the driving 
pulley would not give you more power. A large fly- 
wheel on it might help, but this would be straining 
the other parts of the engine. Get a guarantee from 
the maker when you purchase, that the engine you 
buy will drive the machines you name. — Ed. 



Asparagus Growing. 

_ Will you kindly give me full and complete instruc- 
tion as to the best manner and mode of putting out, 
handling and marketing an acre of asparagus on 
good land, well drained, and mellow ? Would you 
advise white or green asparagus for the Washington 
market, and what variety would advise planting? 
What is an average crop per acre ? X. 

Westmoreland Co., Va. 

The rows should be set out six feet apart across the 
field. Take a plow and throw out as deep a furrow as 
possible in the line of the row. Then break the subsoil 
and throAv it out on the opposite side of the row to that 
on which the surface soil has been thrown. Clean out 
the furrow well so as to make the bottom of the row 
at least eighteen inches below the surface. Then take 
some of the surface soil and fill into the row to the 
depth of six inches. If this soil is not fairly rich it 
should have some bone meal and cotton seed meal 
mixed with it, say, 300 or 400 pounds of each to the 
acre. The rows are now ready for the plants. These 
should be 2-year-old plants and should be set out 
eighteen inches or two feet apart in the row. The 
plants should be put out as soon as received from the 
growers, as they are very susceptible to injury when 
kept long out of the ground. Cover the plants as 
they are set with two or three inches of the surface 
soil and make them firm in the rows. The soil taken 
out of the bottom of the row should then be spread 
over the land between the rows. This work of plant- 
ing the bed should be done in the early spring, say, 



March or April. Nothing further need be done to 
the crop until fall, beyond keeping down all weeds. 
In the fall after the stalks have matured cut them 
off and burn them and cover each row of plants with 
a heavy mulching of farm-yard manure. Let this 
lay all winter and then in spring cover this with two 
or three inches of soil and work the land between 
the rows and keep the whole field clear of weed.3 
during the summer. No crop should be cut the first 
year after planting. In the fall clean off the stalks 
and again cover with manure and soil. In the early 
spring work the land over the rows and between them 
fine and cover the rows with a foot of soil. This will 
give you white asparagus, which is that mostly called 
for in the markets. The shoots should be cut with 
a long-bladed knife as soon as the tips come through 
the soil. Put up in bunches of fifty. A machine is 
sold for bunching asparagus, which can be had from 
implement dealers and hardware merchants. If 
green asparagus is desired do not cover the bed with 
the foot of soil and let the stalks grow until long 
enough for bunching before cutting. There is very 
little, if any, difference between two or three of the 
principal varieties as to quality or yield. Either 
Conover's Colossal or Palmetto are good varieties. 
The crop depends mainly on the richness of the land. 
We saw the other day that a grower in the neighbor- 
hood of Charleston, S. C, had this year made a clear 
profit of $5,000 from 100 acres of asparagus. — Ed. 



Barn Building. 

I ask for advice in reference to building a barn. I 
recall seeing in a recent issue of the Planter a 
reference to a barn of modern construction, in which 
no heavy timbers were used, the heaviest being only 
two inches in thickness. I have never seen a build- 
ing of this kind, and would like to know something 
of it. I would be glad if the editor or any of the 
readers of the Planter would advise me after I have 
made known my wants. I want a barn to accommo- 
date six head of horses and twice that number of 
cattle, with ample room for forage and small grain 
crops. I have a fairly good crib for corn, but would 
like to have at least one small room for corn. If 
possible, I would like to have a sixteen feet ground 
space or circle on which to erect a Wright horse 
power, to run my cutting knife and pea thresher. I 
also want to use, as far as possible, the timbers of 
my old barn in constructing the new one. The di- 
mensions of my old barn are as follows: 30 feet long 
x 24 feet wide, length of studding, 12 feet. A pas- 
sageway 10x24 feet runs across the barn. The comb 
of roof runs with the length of barn ; rafters cut by a 
square mitre. Across the ends and one side there is 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



381 



a shed ten feet wide, length of studding under lower 
plate, 8 feet. These sheds are weatherboarded and 
have a loft six feet from the ground. The body of 
the barn is divided into six stalls, three on each side 
of the passage. The timbers and weatherboarding 
of this barn are pretty good, but the roof is rotten. 
I am not wedded to a barn of any particular kind or 
pattern, but have thought I would like a square or 
octagon shape or pattern. I would like a narrow 
walkway around the stalls for convenience in feed- 
ing, where the grain or feed boxes could be construct- 
ed and where the forage could be thrown from the 
loft within reach of the stock. I have not decided 
whether to cover with shingles or some of the various 
patented rooffing materials on the market. Would 
like to be advised on this point. I would like for 
the building to be as inexpensive as possible, with all 
the conveniences that can be had at a small outlay in 
cost. H. Q. Alexander. 

Mecklenburg Co., N. C. 

Mr. Joseph E. Wing, of Mechanicsburg, 0., has 
published a little pamphlet giving full instructions 
for building the frame barns referred to. Send for 
copy. We can supply a book on Barn plans, contain- 
ing a large number of illustrations of barns and other 
farm buildings, which would probably enable the 
enquirer to decide upon the one he needs. The price 
is $1.00. We shall be glad if any of our subscribers 
will give the enquirer the benefit of their experience 
in barn building. If plans are submitted we will 
publish same. — Ed. 



Broken Cow Peas. 

With cow peas threshed in a grain separator is 
there any way by which the broken peas can be sepa- 
rated from the whole ones ? Is there f a market value 
for broken peas ? When 25 per cent, of the peas are 
broken, what is their relative value compared with 
whole ones % X. Y. Z. 

Westmoreland Co., Va. 

By running the peas through a fanning mill and 
carefully regulating the blast the broken peas can be 
separated from the whole ones. The damage has 
been done by running the separator too fast. We be- 
lieve that feed dealers buy the broken peas, as we 
know they often have them on sale for chicken feed. 
We could not undertake to place a value on such a 
sample. Submit same to a dealer. — Ed. 



Teocinte. 

"Subscriber" desires further information as to 
teocinte. Is it a sorghum or a grass ? 

Teocinte is a tropical or semi-tropical grass. It 



makes a heavy yield of forage, growing much like 
corn, but stools heavily from the root when cut and 
thus can be cut a second time. It will not mature 
seed north of the Gulf States nor make a crop of feed 
north of the James river. It is excellent for cutting 
for green feed and can be cured like corn fodder. — 
Ed. 



Japan Clover. 

There is considerable pasturage of Japan clover in 
this locality, and people here are largely of the opin- 
ion that it is good to stay and of advantage in fatten- 
ing cattle on poor land, but that it is not milk pro- 
ducing and will run a cow dry if kept much upon it. 
My two cows, Jersey and Devonshire, got in fine fix 
upon it last summer, but failed rapidly in their milk. 
Was the Japan clover the cause ? They had a very 
light feed of meal and wheat bran at milking, not 
housed until late fall. Devon was a stripper, Jersey 
was fresh in July with her third calf. Pray oblige 
by reply in next issue of paper. 

Transylvania Co., N. C. A Subscriber. 

We have never before heard any complaint as to 
Japan clover being unsuitable for milch cows. On 
the other hand, we have heard a number of farmers 
who keep large herds of milch cattle speak highly of 
it. The composition of the plant as disclosed by 
analysis is almost exactly the same as red clover, and, 
therefore, it may be presumed to be an excellent feed 
for either milk or meat making. — Ed. 



Hen Manure— Prevention of Lice in Hen Roost. 

1. I want to know the manurial properties of hen 
house dung. How much is it safe to apply, es- 
pecialy in a garden ? 

2. I have a chicken, hatched blind, what can I do 
for him? My prevention for mites (lice) on fowls 
in fowl houses is simple. I have tried it with good 
results for two years. I use sasaf ras poles, unpeeled, 
for roosts. The lice avoid these. I have never seen 
a chicken louse, though mites are in abundance and 
mighty annoying. James Joyne. 

Berkley Co., S. C. 

1. Hen manure (fresh) contains 1.10 per cent, 
of nitrogen, 0.56 per cent, of potash and 0.85 per 
cent, of phosphoric acid. Horse manure contains 
0.44 per cent, of nitrogen, 0.35 per cent, of potash 
and 0.17 per cent, of phosphoric acid. A ton of hen 
manure would contain about 22 pounds of nitrogen, 
11 pounds of potash and 17 pounds of phosphoric 
acid. A ton of horse manure contains about 9 pounds 
of nitrogen, 7 pounds of potash and 3 pounds of 
phosphoric acid. The hen manure is, therefore, as 



382 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



you will see, more than twice as valuable as plant- 
food as horse manure and is better balanced, though 
still has nitrogen in excess. Knowing these propor- 
tions and having this comparison you can judge for 
yourself as to how much you should apply. The 
effect of a good supply of nitrogen in a fertilizer is 
to stimulate leaf and stalk growth, hence nitrogen 
is valuable in a garden fertilizer, as it forces rapid 
growth of the leaves and stalks of the vegetables. 
The phosphoric acid in a fertilizer conduces to the 
formation of seed and fruitage, whilst the potash is 
mainly valuable as improving the quality of the seed 
and fruit. 

2. It is very doubtful if you can do anything for 
the chicken, and unless it is of a valuable pure breed 
it is not worth the attempt. We have known a case 
where the eye itself was perfect, but the lid had no 
division. In this case, when the lid was cut across 
from side to side, the chicken could see. If, how- 
ever, when the lid was cut the eye itself was found 
defective no good would result. What you call mites 
are lice.— Ed. 



Cow Peas in Corn. 

I would like to have your advice as to whether or 
not it will pay to sow peas in a corn field when work- 
ed the last time at $1.25 per bushel, to gather for 
peas and to improve the land ? 

Pittsylvania Co., Va. T. J. Hubbard. 

Yes. We have always advised this course and 
believe the advice sound. The peas are worth all 
they cost as improvers of the land.- — Ed. 



Cement Walls for an Ice House. 

Please state if a cement wall would be better in an 
ice house than one made out of wood. 

Subscriber. 

Yes ; cement makes an excellent wall for an ice 
house. It maintains a more equable temperature and 
. will last forever. — Ed. 



Moisture stored in the soil seems to do the crops 
more good than when it falls as rain during the grow- 
ing season. This indicates that it is desirable to get 
the ground thoroughly moist and then cultivate it so 
as to conserve this moisture. 



THE GROWING BUDS AND GRAFTS. 

Buds of apple, peach, cherry, etc., which were put 
on in budding time last fall, will now be beginning 
growing if the work was successful. But sprouts 
from the stock (which, of course, was cut off two or 
three inches above the bud in March) will also be 
growing ; and these latter, being in perfect connection 
with the stock will attract the life-giving sap largely 
to themselves, and rob the bud. Attention will be 
needed from time to time, in order to prevent this. 
These sprouts must be broken off every week or two, 
taking special care not to injure the bud in the opera- 
tion. Frequently there will be six or eight sprouts 
above and below the bud, completely hiding it from 
sight, and without watchfulness the bud may be 
broken off and all the previous labor lost ; and worse 
than this, there may be the loss of the only living 
bud of the particular kind — some new variety per- 
haps, obtained with much trouble and expense; as 
has occurred more than once. 

The only safe plan is to look the bud up the first 
thing, before breaking off a single sprout; then by 
keeping an eye on the bud, and handling carefully, 
it will not be injured. 

Sometimes the work is overlooked until the sprouts 
are three or four inches long, in which case it might 
he too much of a check to the tree to take all off at 
once. The best plan would be to take off all that are 
above the bud, on the stub (as the stub is to be cut off 
in July), and pinch off an inch or two of the points 
of those below the bud; then at the next sprouting 
(in a week or ten days) all the sprouts can be rubbed 
off, leaving the bud in full possession. 

Grafts set in spring will require the same care: 
only the sprouts will be less numerous, though hardly 
less injurious. — R. J. B., in National Stockman. 



When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men- 
tion the Southern Planter. 



HALF-DONE WORK IS ALWAYS WASTEEUL. 

The extravagance and waste of doing work badly 
are most lamentable. We can never overestimate the 
value, in a successful life, of an early formed habit 
of doing everything to a finish, and thus relieving 
ourselves of the necessity of doing things more than 
once. Oh, the waste in half-done, careless, patched 
work ! 

The extravagance and loss resulting from a slip- 
shod education is almost beyond computation. To be 
under the necessity, all through one's life, of patch 
ing up, of having to do over again, half-done and 
botched work, is not only a source of terrible waste, 
but the subsequent loss of self-respect and life is also 
very great. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



383 



Trucking, Garden and Orchard. 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 

June is one of the busiest months in the year for 
the trucker and gardener. The shipping and market- 
in"' of the fall and early spring planted crops, the 
cultivation of the later planted crops, and the plant- 
ing and cultivation of the crops to ripen in the fall 
must all proceed at once, and if any of these are neg- 
lected loss must ensue. In addition to all this work, 
where strawberries, raspberries and other small fruit 
are grown, these are now ripe or ripening, and must 
be gathered and marketed. 



When shipping fruit or vegetables to market, see 
that care is taken to have them cooled off before 
crating and cull them closely so that the crop may 
be creditable to the grower. Keep the different 
grades of fruit and products separate, and mark each 
shipment ''first/ ' "'second" or "culls," as the case calls 
for. In this way much better prices can be realized. 
See that all baskets, crates and packages axe clean 
and the products packed in them attractively. More 
than one-half of the profit may be easily lost by neg- 
lecting these points. 



Succession al crops of beans, peas, corn, melons, 
canteloupes, cucumbers, squashes, peppers, tomatoes 
ant egg plants should be set out and the earliest 
planted ones should have frequent cultivation to 
stimulate their growth and keep down weeds. The 
hot, dry weather we have had in May has largely 
hindered growth, and only repeated cultivation can 
save the crops unless we have rain. Keep the ground 
covered with a mulch of some kind. A dry dust 
mulch is as effective as any. As soon as we have 
rain a dressing of nitrate of soda, say 150 pounds to 
the acre, will infuse life into the crop again, and set 
it to growing. Apply when the plants are dry, broad- 
cast. A vigorous, quick growth will tend to prevent 
damage by insects, and in this way nitrate of sodn 
acts as an insecticide. 



Look out for potato bugs, and see that they have a 
good dressing of Paris green before they have injured 
the crop. If there are any indications of blight on 
the Irish potatoes give them a spraying or two with 
Bordeaux mixture. Even if no blight be seen, the 
spraying will be of advantage. In an experiment 
made last year in New York State, spraying seven 



times with Bordeaux, at a cost of about $10 per acre, 
gave an increased yield of 123£ bushels of potatoes, 
and three sprays increased the yield 98-J bushels. 
Where both the early and late blight were absent from 
the crops on Long Island, spraying seven times gave 
a gain of 45 bushels per acre, and spraying three 
times, a gain of 7f bushels. 



When setting out tomato plants, plant a hill of corn 
every few yards. The worms will take the corn be- 
fore the tomatoes, and when on the corn it can be 
pulled and fed to stock, and thus the tomatoes be 
saved from injury. Mustard sowed between the 
rows of cabbage and other plants of the same family 
will save them from the attacks of terrapin bugs. 
These will crowd on the mustard, which can then be 
destroyed by sprinkling with kerosene. Melons and 
cantaloupes can be largely saved from the attacks of 
the melon louse by dusting them when wet with bone 
meal. 



Cucumbers for pickles should now be set out. 
There is a large demand for this crop, and it is 
usually a profitable one. Plant them in hills 3 or 4 
feet apart, and fertilize liberally with a fertilizer 
having about 5 per cent, ammonia, 7 per cent, phos- 
phoric acid, and 8 per cent, potash. The cucumbers 
can be put up in brine as picked, and then be sold 
when all the crop is gathered, if not near enough to a 
market to sell as picked. 



Harvest the fall planted onions as soon as they 
ripen. Pull and leave on the ground until dry, then 
cut off tops and sell at once. They do not keep well, 
but usually sell well before the spring planted crop 
comes on the market. 



Old strawberry beds, if not intended to be plowed 
up and new ones planted, which is best after the 
second year, may be renovated by mowing off the 
foliage and burning it, thus destroying all insects 
and blight. The rows should then be barred off with 
rlie plow, and the plants be thinned out with the hoe, 
and all weeds be destroyed. Then plow back the soil 
and cultivate 1 lie middles. 



Celery seed may be sown during this month for 
plants to set out in Inly and August. Make the b 1 



384 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



fine and rich, and let it be in a moist, cool location. 
Sow the seed thinly, rake in and water, and then 
cover with brush or mats to keep in the moisture. 
It is slow to germinate usually and often fails alto- 
gether unless kept shaded and moist. When germi- 
nated gradually remove the shading. 



ORCHARD AND GARDEN NOTES. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Strawberry vines will need much attention this 
month. All runners should be kept in the row, so 
that room for cultivation between the rows will be 
available. After the crop of fruit is gathered the 
leaf rust is apt to do serious damage. If this dis- 
ease should be found doing serious damage it is ?, 
good idea to mow off the old foliage and when it 
dries place a few leaves or straw over the bed and 
burn everything. The fire will injure some plants 
if the ground is dry, hence it is better to burn when 
the ground is moist. After this burning the ground 
should be well cultivated. New, vigorous foliage 
will soon come up. This foliage should be sprayed 
with bordeaux mixture to prevent the leaf rust ap- 
pearing again. 



The raspberry canes will need attention also this 
month. Pinch the ends of the young canes off so 
that they will branch and be more stocky. We like 
for the canes to grow about three feet high. 



It is quite probable that a large per cent, of the 
apples will have to be thinned this year to make the 
fruit large and fine. If the trees overload them- 
selves this year they are not likely to bear a good 
crop next year. But thinning will be a difficult job 
on many of the large, tall trees. There will be 
many water sprouts come out on the younger trees 
These should be looked after closely. 



bage. This is the most important crop of cabbage 
for the farmer. Many times the plants are set too 
early in the season for this crop, and the winter cab- 
bage frequently rots or is seriously damaged by the 
heads bursting in the early fall. Of course, this can 
be partially prevented by loosening the roots of the 
cabbage in fall, but the best plan is not to plant the 
fall crop too early. 



Keep the cultivators going in the orchard and 
Garden. The trees will need much moisture to ma- 
fcure their fruit, If gress and weeds come up they 
should be mowed off closely. None should be al- 
lowed to ripen seed. 

I notice in many instances where cow peas are 
sowed in the orchard the vines are allowed to climb 
up on the young trees and do great damage. If dry 
weather should continue all such crops should be 
mowed and let fall upon the ground to make mulch. 



Since the last issue of the Planter was published 
I notice that the Board of the Virginia Polytechnic 
Institute has asked for $20,000 to build and equip 
an Agricultural Building for the Departments of 
Agriculture, Horticulture and Veterinary Science. 
Such a small amount put into such a building for 
the State would be a shame and a disgrace — $50,000 
would be little enough. I have helped to erect and 
equip a building for the Departments of Agriculture 
and Horticulture at an Agriculture and Mechanical 
College which cost $34,000. Even then we did not 
have enough. It must be remembered that such a 
building is to be used for two widely different kinds 
of work — for teaching and for investigation. The 
college work will run nine months and the station 
work twelve months. We do not want to see this 
work placed in the background any longer at this 
institution. We do not want the "play of Hamlet 
with Hamlet left out." The equipment for agricul- 
ture and related branches should be the best of all 
the technical branches, as was originally intended 
when the colleges were endowed. It is utterly use- 
less to try to attract students to such a course with a 
poor equipment, and a good equipment is necessary 
for good station work as well. 

There is much room for needed improvement along 
these lines. We are sorry to see the small sum of 
$20,000 asked for to build and equip a building for 
the most important industrial interests of the State. 
Broader ideas in the minds of those who think such 
a small sum sufficient to represent such important in- 
terests are sadly needed. We hope such a small sum 
will never be appropriated. Eifty thousand dollars 
is small enough. R. H. Pkice. 

Montgomery county. 



Plants should be set out for fall and winter cab- 



PLANTING TREES WITH A CROWBAR. 

The Stringfellow Method. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

New discoveries have been made in modern times 
in the use of steam and electricity and in the prac- 
tice of agriculture and the mechanical arts ; so it will 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



385 



not do to say the Stringfellow "new horticulture" is 
a humbug and a folly. New and valuable things 
have been discovered, and, according to Wendell 
Philips, many of the old arts have been entirely lost. 
Some able, experience orchardists have become 
converts to the Stringfellow method of tree plant- 
ing, and Mr. S. himself is, no doubt, a very intelli- 
gent gentleman. Mr. M. Crawford, of Ohio, says: 
-If the new horticulture is sound, and it certainly 
is, the sooner fruit growers find it out the better." 
Mr. Hitchings, another experienced orchardist, has 
adopted the system, and I understand that Mr. H. 
W. ( ollingwood, the editor of the Rural New 
Yorker, has planted nearly 1,500 trees by this 
method and says his success has been so great he 
would never plant trees any other way. 

Some trees, like the willow, will grow from a piece 
of The limb stuck into the ground, but I know from 
trial that they will grow quicker when small trees 
are planted with their roots left on. Everybody 
knows that a large tree will not grow when trans- 
plated, except it is taken up with a great ball of 
earth containing most of its roots. There are two 
modes of doing work practiced in this world. The 
one is to do it extremely well and the other is to only 
half do it. Work well done always pays the best in 
the long run. 

The endeavor to save labor is all right, provided 
the less labor produces just as good results ; but this 
is the question in dispute. 

Every intelligent farmer knows that to raise large 
crops of grain, grass, vegetables, flax, hemp, cotton 
or tobacco the ground must be prepared by plough- 
ing, harrowing and rolling to make it as mellow as 
possible before planting, so that the roots of the 
plants can penetrate it easily and quickly in all direc- 
tions, embrace the fine particles of soil and ex- 
tract the nourishment the plants must have to grow 
luxuriantly and produce good crops. There is no 
plant or herb we can think of that will not grow and 
produce better in a well prepared soil than in un- 
ploughed ground. Corn has been raised on the 
prairies by chopping through the sod with an axe 
and planting the seed, but the planter only raised 
a meager crop. He did not expect much, and waa 
not disappointed. If the roots of all plants of 
which we have knowledge thrive best in a mellow 
soil, why not the roots of fruit-trees ? Have they 
any miraculous power not shared by the roots of 
other growing things to penetrate a compact soil, 
made more solid by the jabbing of the crowbar to 
make the hole for the tree's insertion ? 

Thev tell us of a case where a cherrvstone was 



dropped into the crack of a big rock and grew, it was 
watered and the roots spread and split the rock itself. 
Was there not a great waste of energy in making 
those cherry-tree roots split the big rock ? How much 
quicker and farther those roots would have extended 
in a mellow soil, and how much quicker the tree 
would have grown and produced fruit ? The String- 
fellow converts admit that for the first two or three 
years the growth above ground of the Stringfellow 
trees is quite inferior to those planted in the old 
way. Some orchardists who tried the new method, 
owing to the slow growth of the trees, became dis- 
gusted, pulled them up and threw them away. 

A soil made mellow by ploughing or spading will 
absorb and retain more of the rain water for the 
support of the young tree in dry weather than when 
planted in solid ground. 

The efforts of wise farmers have always been to 
get their young stock growing fast at the beginning 
of life and to keep them growing. They also strive 
to have their plants and trees start off vigorously at 
the commencement of existence. Mr. Crawford 
says: "At the time of planting, the top and roots 
should be cut back, reducing the tree almost to a 
cutting." Certainly, if the roots are cut off the top 
must be also, but that seems like barbarous treat- 
ment. The experience of the world in all ages has 
been against this Stringfellow method. Analogy 
opposes it, reason condemns it, but nothing will con- 
vince these men that the method is wrong so long as 
the trees will grow. 

Trees strive very hard to live. The Chinese 
dwarf small pine-trees by constantly cutting off their 
roots until they are willing to grow in a flower pot, 
like house plants. If only allowed to live, they are 
willing to live without growth. This is not the way 
pine-trees should be planted to make ship masts and 
lumber. J. W. Ingham. 





FRUIT PROSPECTS IN VIRGINIA. 

We have received the following reports from or- 
chardists in this State as to the prospects for fruit: 

The out look for fruit in this section (eastern 
slopes of Blue Ridge in Albemarle county) at present 
date is that a far larger quantity of peaches escaped 
the frosts in April than was at first expected, the set 
now shows early varieties, a very heavy crop, so much 
that in many cases the trees have more than they can 
properly bear. All varieties ripening up to end of 
July are set heavy. August peaches (Elberta, Moun- 
tain Rose, etc.) suffered more, but there are no trees 



3S6 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[June 



without peaches. October peaches, such as Bilyeu's 
Comet, are well set, in some of the more sheltered or- 
chards there are large crops throughout. Pippins 
show for a good crop, have set well and are sticking. 
Red apples in many cases appear to be dropping con- 
siderably, at present Winesap indicates to average 
half a crop, Limbertwig, Ben Davis, Winter Cheese, 
etc., are well set in some, and very short in other 
orchards. York Imperial seems to have failecL 
There are lots of summer apples. Practically no 
cherries escaped. No pears, a fair crop of plums, 
the more delicate Japan varieties, such Abundance, 
Burbank and Wickson have failed, but there are good 
crops of Ped June, Wild Goose, Ogon, etc. Straw- 
berries, all the blooms out at time of frost were kill- 
ed, but later blooms are ripening a heavy crop. 
Albemarle Co., Va. Walter Whately, 

Secretary State Horticultural Society. 



Very conflicting reports of the condition of the 
fruit are given. As far as I have been able to inves- 
tigate myself, I think in our section there will be half 
a crop of peaches, very few pears and cherries, the 
largest winter apple crop we have had for years, too 
many on the trees. The earlier apples are not so 
heavy. Japan plums light, hardier varieties and 
damsons very heavy. Samuel B. Woods, 

President State Horticultural Society. 

Albemarle Co. Va., 



Peplying to your favor of recent date, inquiring 
as to prospects for fruit in this section, I will say 
that there are a few peaches and plums, a good crop 
of damsons. Of the apples, early varieties are a 
failure — Winesaps a light crop and Pippins a full 
crop. Wm. H. Boaz. 

Albemarle Co., Va. 



There will be a full crop of apples, both summer 
and winter. About one-fifth of a crop of peaches ; 
some cherries; no pears, and about half a crop of 
European plums ; scarcely any Japan plums. 

Roanoke Co., Va. A. M. Bowman. 



Your favor of the 12th May to hand, and will 
reply by saying the apple bloom in this section of the 
Valley of Virginia is very heavy, and the prospects 
for a large crop of apples is very encouraging. This 
year will bring into bearing many fine young or- 
chards that have never produced a crop before. The 
acreage of young orchards is large in our valley, and 
in a few years Augusta will stand first on the list as 
an apple growing county in Virginia. The York 



Imperial grows here to perfection, and many young 
orchards are set entirely with this variety. All stone 
fruits have been destroyed with us. We may have 
some few pears. The strawberry is only a half crop. 
Augusta Co., Va. David O'Rork. 



In reply to your favor of a. recent date, I would say 
I have not written sooner as I was making inquries 
as to fruit prospects. I find on investigation there 
is almost an entire failure of cherries, plums, pears 
and quinces. Strawberries were killed in the first 
blooming, and the dry weather has caused the later 
berries to dry up. The peach crop is a general fail- 
ure. Albemarle Pippins are holding on here in 
most cases, though there was not a full bloom, and the 
crop will be much smaller than usual. We had a 
fine Winesap bloom, but few appear set, and I have 
never seen less of this variety. In fact, the crop ^f 
winter fruit is small. I have a small orchard of 
Eall cheese apples that yields from 350 to 400 barrels 
the regular apple years, which won't yield five bar- 
rels this year, and I never saw the trees in finer 
condition and a fuller crop of bloom. On the morn- 
ing of April 5th, at 7 o'clock, the mercury was down 
to 20 degrees, and this is what destroyed our fruit. 

Albemarle Co., Va. M. L. McCue. 



Complying with your request in regard to the fruit 
prospects of our section, I will say that strawberries 
are looking fairly well, but are begining to need rain, 
and unless it comes soon they will be cut short. 
Peaches are almost an entire failure, buds having 
been killed in February, very few pears, fair crop of 
plums, cherries mostly killed, but the apple promises 
to be the heaviest crop in many years. Trees are,. 



loaded and no sign of any blight at all. 



Pulaski Co., Va. 



W. W. Otey. 



All peaches, pears and plums killed or nearly so. 
Crop of apples for this county will be an average one. 
My own orchard of 4,000 trees is very full; have had 
fine, dry weather for spraying. 

Patrick Co., Va. J. H. Rangeley. 



Your favor of the 12th instant addressed to me at 
Koanoke reached me at my farm at this place. For 
my own orchards, I will say that Pippins, Cannon's 
Pearmain, Smokehouse, Pryor, have set a. good crop 
of apples. Winesap, Ben Davis, Johnson are less 
full, but these last are young, and not in full bearing. 
Keiffer has very little fruit. Bartlett has done fairly 
well. Plums are full, and there some cherries, but 
peaches very rare. Trees growing well. I did some 



1903." 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



387 



spraying and hope that the apples will not fall off as 
badly as they usually do. The general report is that 
there will be a good crop of apples. 

Franklin Co., Va. John R. Gueeeant. 



Your favor of the 12th instant to hand and con- 
tents noted. In reply would say that the severe 
freeze that visited this section the night of April 4th 
about killed the peaches, cherries and other small 
fruits. I have a twenty acre apple orchard — Ben 
Davis and York Imperial apples. Many of these 
trees are full of apples now. But we are having a 
very severe drought, only one rain having fallen for 
a month. If this drought continues much longer 
many apples will fall off the trees before ripening, 
and the present prospects for a large crop will be 
greatly diminished. E Wickham Byed. 

Clarice Co., Va. 



BUDDING TREES. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

In the next issue of your valuable paper please 
give a minute description of budding fruit, such as 
peaches and cherries ; also the care of the buds from 
the original to the new stock; also the time of year 
for the work. Faemee. 

Bedford Co., Va. 

Budding consists in introducing the bud of one 
tree with a portion of bark and a little adhering wood 
beneath the bud of another, and upon the face of the 
newly forming wood. It must be performed while 
the stock is in a state of vigorous growth. An in- 
cision is made lengthwise through the bark of the 
stock, and a small cut at right angles at the top, the 
whole somewhat resembling the letter T. A bud is 
then taken from a shoot of the present year's growth 
bv shavina: oft' the bark an inch or an inch and a half 
in length, with a small part of the wood — directly 
beneath the bud. The edges of the bark at the in- 
cision in the stock are then raised a little, and the bud 
is pushed downward under the bark. A bandage of 
bass, corn husk or other substance is wrapped round, 
covering all parts but the bud. The pressure should 
be just sufficient to keep the inserted portion closely 
to the stock, but not such as to bruise or crush the 
bark. The shoots containing the buds should be cut 
when so mature as to be rather firm and hard in 
texture. They are usually in the best condition after 
the terminal bud has formed. To prevent withering, 
the leaves must be immediately citt off, as they with- 
draw and exhale rapidly the moisture from the shoot. 
About one-quarter of an inch of the footstalks of the 



leaves should remain to serve as handles to the buds 
whilst inserting them. When by growth of the stock 
the bandage cuts into it, usually in ten days or more, 
it must be removed. The bud remains dormant till 
the following spring, when the stock is cut off two 
inches or more above it before the swelling of the bud. 
All other buds must then be removed and all the vigor 
of the stock or branch thrown into the remaining 
bud, which immediately commences a rapid growth. 
The essential requisites for success in budding are 
first, a thrifty, rapidly growing stock, so that the bark 
will peel very freely ; secondly, a proper time, not so 
early that there will be too little cambium or mucila- 
ginous cement between the bark and the wood for the 
adhesion of the bud nor so late that the bark will not 
peel nor the subsequent growth sufficiently cement the 
bud to the stock; thirdly, buds sufficiently mature; 
fourthly, a keen, flat knife for shaving off the bud 
that it may lie close in contact upon the wood of the 
stock ; fifthly, the application of a ligature with mode- 
rate pressure, causing the bud to fit the stock closely. 
When the stocks are in the best condition it is un- 
necessary to raise the bark any further than to admit 
the lower point of the bud, which, as it is pushed 
downwards, performs this operation in the most per- 
fect manner. When the bark does not peel freely 
enough for this purpose, success becomes uncertain. 
Budding is performed in summer. 



Place a bushel of choice peaches in an old dirty 
box, barrel or tub. How poorly does the fruit ap- 
pear ? But take the same fruit, place it in neat, 
clean, tidy packages, firmly packed, and it will ap- 
pear so much better and sell for so much more that a 
novice in the work can scarcely realize it is the same 
fruit. The buyer will gladly pay more for the fruit 
in the neat, clean package. 

The package should be secure, for rough handling 
may cause a loss of the whole, which would amount 
to more than the labor involved on a number. 

Look, then, in time, and provide a good supply of 
the very best fruit packages. — Farm, Field and Fire- 
side. 



Early market tomatoes require short, well-rotted 
manure in the hill ; the crop for canning should have 
in addition a coating of manure broadcast. This 
will keep the vines growing late and bearing until 
frost. The best treatment for the tomato blight is 
the Bordeaux mixture. The early plants should be 
sprayed in the bed before being transplanted in the 
field and then at least twice before the fruit begins to 
ripen. The blight has become a serious drawback to 
tomato growing in many sections. — Farm Journal. 



388 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



Live Stock and Dairy. 



[June 




GAY BLACKBIRD, 14443. 

The famous Aberdeen Angus bull, GAY BLACK- 
BIRD, 14,443, Columbian winner and sire of several 
of the most noted herd bulls in America, chief among 
them being Gay Lad (sold at $3,050, the highest 
priced American bred Angus bull). 

One of his last sons, the Westertown Rose bull, 
Baron Roseboy, 5766G, is at the head of the Sunny 
Home herd, at Fitzgerald, 1ST. C. 

The old bull was bred by Wallace Estill, Estill, 
Mo., sired by the great show and breeding bull, 
Heather Lad 2. He died about one year ago, the 
property of Mr. J. P. Hine, of Ohio, who paid $1,025 
for him at auction when nine years old. 

We were not at all satisfied with the Aberdeen 
Angus pictures published in our January issue, as 
they did not do justice to the breed, but at the time 
we eould not do better. This picture of Gay Black- 
bird will, however, make some amends, as it fairly 



represents the breed, which stands very near the top 
of the beef making breeds. 



DRIED BLOOD AS A TONIC FOR YOUNG CALVES. 

For two years the Kansas Experiment Station has 
used dried blood in connection with its experiments 
in feeding calves. In March, 1899, one of our cows 
gave birth to a calf weighing eighty-six pounds. This 
calf was allowed to suck for several weeks, to assist in 
reducing the inflammation in the dam's udder. On 
account of poor quality and quantity of milk, the calf 
did very poorly, and to save its life it became neces- 
sary to remove him from his dam. With the ordi- 
nary treatment accorded our calves he grew worse 
and worse, and when seventy-nine days old weighed 
only ninety pounds, or four pounds heavier than at 
birth. Although no one would have given ten cent3 
for the calf at this time, an effort was made to bring 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



389 



him up. He was given castor oil, laudanum, fresh 
eggs, calf meal, and, as a last resort, dried blood. 
With the blood the calf commenced to improve, and 
in a short time was gaining at the rate of nearly 
fourteen pounds per week, and not infrequently as 
high as seventeen to eighteen pounds per week. When 
a year old he weighed 578 pounds — a pretty good re- 
cord for a calf that gained only four pounds for the 
first seventy -nine days of its existence. The dried 
blood consumed during parts of three months amount- 
ed to seven and one-half pounds. At two cents per 
pound, the cost was fifteen cents. 

In October, 1900, a heifer belonging to the Agri- 
cultural College dropped her first calf. The calf 
was small and sickly, and for the first few weeks did 
very poorly, as is shown by the fact that on Decem- 
ber 1st it weighed two pounds less than on Novem- 
ber 1st. For a few weeks its life was in a very criti- 
cal condition, but when induced to eat a little dried 
blood with its milk it began to improve and has been 
making fair gains ever since. 

Dried blood is not only good for a weak calf, but 
is an excellent remedy for any calf subject to scours. 
The Kansas Experiment Station has just purchased 
twenty young calves. Frequently these calves arrive 
at the station badly affected with scours ; a little dried 
blood always brings about a. cure. Recently a test 
was made with five calves that hannened to be scour- 
ing at the same time. With two of these dried blood 
was fed, after reducing the regular feed of milk. 
With the other three the dried blood was fed without 
changing the supply of milk. Iu the former case the 
calves recovered from the scours after two feeds ; in 
the latter after three feeds-. With the seventy head 
of young calves under experiment at the Kansas sta- 
tion during the past year, there has not been a single 
case of scours that dried blood has failed to check. 

In feeding dried blood, a teasuoon'ful at a feed is a 
great plenty. This should be continued until the 
scours disappear. In case of a weak calf, the allow- 
ance may be gradually increased to a tablespoonful 
at a feed. To prevent the dried blood from settling 
at the bottom of the pail, where the calf will be un- 
able to get it, it may be stirred in the milk while the 
calf is drinking, or the milk and blood may be fed 
immediately after being thoroughly mixed. Since 
dried blood is such a cheap and effective remedy, it 
will pay any one who raises young calves by hand to 
have a little available whenever a calf shows signs of 
disorders in its diga«tive tract. It can be obtained 
from any of the large packers. When ordering, state 
that the blood is wanted for feeding ^rnoses. — D. H. 
Otis, Kansas Experimental Station. 



OVER 500 POUNDS OF BUTTER IN THE YEAR. 

The Guernsey heifer, Dolly Bloom, No. 12770, 



A. G. C. C, Adv. R., No. 40, has just completed a 
most wonderful year's milk and butter fat record. 
This record has been made under the rules and con- 
ditions for The Advanced Register of Guernsey 
Cattle, which requires the supervision of an Agricul- 
tural Experiment Station. In this instance a repre 
sentative of the Massachusetts State Station saw and 
sampled the milk of this cow each month and report- 
ed the results thus obtained. The inspector also re- 
ported various weighings of milk as check weights. 
The owner reported the detailed weights of milk for 
each day and statement of feed and care. 

Dolly Bloom calved March 22d, and started her 
record March 26, 1902, when 23 months old, and 
completed it March 25, 1903. During this time she 
gave 8,841.58 pounds of milk, 5.13 average per cent, 
butter fat, 453.86 pounds buter fat, equivalent to 
over 500 pounds of butter. 

The requirements for the admission of this cow to 
The Advanced Register was 6,000 pounds milk and 
250.5 pounds butter fat. Her production greatly 
exceeded this requirement. The record made is the 
largest record of a years production of butter fat by 
any two-year-old heifer in the world that can be 
found recorded, and at the same time supervised by 
any representatives of a public institution or an or- 
ganization. 

The following statement from the owner as to the 
daily feeding of this cow during her record will be of 
interest : 

March, 1902. After calving her feed for the rest 
of the month was gradually increased until it reached 
5 pounds shorts, 15 pounds ensilage and clover hay 
ad libitum. 

April. Six pounds shorts, 1 3-4 pounds old pro- 
cess oil meal, 1 3-4 pounds gluten, 20 pounds ensilage 
and clover hav ad libitum. 

May. Same grain as in April, with the addition 
of 1 pound corn meal, clover hay until the 15th, when 
she was turned to pasture and fed peas and oats in the 
barn. 

June. Same as in May except green clover in 
place of the peas and oats. 

July, August and September. Same grain, with 
the omission of the corn meal. Pasture and green 
clover continued. 

October. Same grain. For coarse food in addi- 
tion to the pasture, millet and a little clover hay was 
given. 

November to March. Same grain, 20 pounds en- 
silage, 40 pounds roots (mixture of 1 pound carrots 
to every 2 pounds mangles) and clover hay ad libitum. 

During the summer she was out in pasture until 



390 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



heat of day, and at noon was fed green stuff in the 
stable. If weather was hot she was turned out at 
night and stabled in day time. She had the same 
care and feed as the other cows of her age in the herd 
with regard to general way of handling. She was 
milked only twice a day and stood in a standing stall. 

Dolly Bloom was bred by Mr. Ezra Michener, of 
Michener, Pa., and dropped April 14, 1900. Her 
sire was Divan, 5816, and her dam Questa, 11385. 
Their breeding goes back to such noted animals as 
Bonny Boy, Eernwood Lily and Imp. Pacific. 

Dolly Bloom is owned by Mr. E. Lothrop Ames, of 
Boston. Mr. Ames takes great pride in his small but 
choice herd of Guernseys at his beautiful estate. 
"Laugwater/' in North Easton, Mass., and the work 
of this cow is a great jfleasure to him. 

This heifer bears unquestionable testimony to the 
capabilities of a Guernsey cow. She is one of fort^- 
Guemsey cows that have made official yearly records 
of butter fat and been admitted to the Advanced 
Register. The records varying from 296 pounds to 
602 pounds (equivalent to 316 and 702 pounds but- 
ter). Wm. H. Caldwell, 

Peterboro, N. II., April, 1903. Secretary. 



PASTURE FOR HOGS. 



The Kansas Experiment Station has realized 
$11.90 per acre from rape pasture and $24.10 from 
alfalfa pasture in ninety-eight days. These results 
were obtained from the following experiments, which 
were begun July 25th and concluded October 31, 
1902: 

Thirty shoats, averaging 52 pounds in weight, were 
divided as nearly equally as possible into three lots 
of ten each. Lot I was fed on a grain mixture of 
shorts one-half, corn meal one-fourth, and Kafir corn 
meal one-fourth, in a dry lot. The other two lots 
were fed the same grain ration, but one received rape 
pasture and the other alfalfa pasture in addition. 
Each lot was given what grain the hogs would eat up 
clean, and each had access to water and ashes. The 
weights of gfains made are as follows: 



GrHin 
consumed 
In pounds. 



Grain con- 
Total gain sumed per 100 
in pounds. lbs gain, 

in pounds. 



I. No pasture 3801 1023 371 

II. Rape pasture. . . 3244 1076 301 

III. Alfalfa pasture. 3244 1078 300 

The gains of the three lots are very nearly equal. 
The dry lot consumed 557 pounds, or 70 pounds for 
every 100 pounds of gain, more grain than the pasture 



lots. The lot on rape required one acre of pasture, 
while the alfalfa lot used a trifle less than one-half 
acre. 

The lot without pasture required 3.71 pounds of 
grain, to produce one pound of gain. Assigning the 
same value to the grain fed the hogs on rape pasture, 
we have 877 pounds of pork credited to the grain and 
199 pounds credited to the rape. At six cents per 
pound, the price at which hogs were selling at the 
close of the experiment, this would be a credit of 
$11.90 per acre for the rape. In a similar manner 
the alfalfa is credited with 201 pounds of pork, equal 
to $12.05, and as there was only a half -acre of alfalfa 
this makes a rate of $24.10 per acre. 

The cost of preparing the seed bed and seeding the 
rape was $1.80 per acre. It was seeded in the feed 
lots on soil that would otherwise have remained idle, 
or would have grown xxp to weeds. 

The shoats on pasture enjoyed their diet and seem- 
ed satisfied. Those in the dry lots seemed to be 
hankering after something green, and their appetites 
seemed unsatisfied without some kind of roughness. 
The)' would even nibble at straw in a vain atempt to 
satisfy their craving. 

The experiment emphasizes the superior value of 
alfalfa pasture. Where alfalfa is not available, or 
where variety is wanted or it is desired to utilize 
otherwise waste land, Dwarf Essex rape, seeded at 
the rate of six to eight pounds per acre any time 
from early spring to late summer, will furnish an 
excellent diet that is gre„atly relished by the hog. 
Succulence and variety will make healthier hogs that 
will return increased profits. D. II. Otis. 

Manhattan, Kan. 



ANGUS CATTLE, 



Editor Southern Planter: 

I think it is now a well settled fact that the Angus 
cattle excel all other breeds for beef. At all the re- 
cent fat stock shows, both in Chicago and Pittsburg, 
the Angus took all the premiums except one, and 
that was given to the Hereford cross on the Angus. 

Mr. A. Eichel, the leading butcher of Richmond, 
told me last week that the finest cattle he has ever 
Idled were six Angus cattle raised by me and five by 
a gentleman above Richmond. 

I sold those cattle to the Brauer Cattle Co. in the 
field for $52.50 each. Mr. Brauer and myself esti- 
mated them when sold at 1,200 pounds, I think about 
the 12th of September. They were put on the market 
the following Christmas, and Mr. Eichel told me 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



391 



they weighed over 1,500 pounds, which was a gain of 
over 300 pounds to the steer in a fraction over three 
months. Mx. Henry Block said they were the finest 
he had ever seen. 1 think these facts speak well 
for the Angus cattle. Our section is not considered 
anything extra for grazing, so I think that more was 
due to the breeding of the cattle than to the grass. I 
have been raising Angus cattle for about ten years, 
and I am satisfied I can keep one-third more of this 
breed on the same feed and grass than of any other 
breed I have ever kept. They do not give a big 
quantity of milk, but it is very rich, judging from the 
calves, which are always fat. Ihope the day is not 
far distant when all this Piedmont section will have 
the black cattle, and thus do away with the necessity 
for the most barbarous thing that ever was done, de- 
horning cattle. -T. H. Ellis. 
Orange Co., Ya. 



INTELLECTUAL BEEF, 



Editor Southern Planter: 

A writer in the Breeders' Gazette promises, some 
may say threatens, a supply from that great food 
emporium, the West, of "intellectual beef." The 
consumer and the producer may take different views 
on the desirability of the attainment. The writer 
once possessed a very intelligent mule, inquisitive peo- 
ple may be interested to know that his name was 
•Jacob, but I did not eat him. I sold him, seeing that 
I was running a farm and not a circus. I read some- 
where that in ancient Egypt her kings used to eat 
their prime ministers or secretaries of state to in- 
crease their mental abilities. As we do not read of it 
now-a-days, perhaps the prime ministers or secre- 
taries of state are not so clever as they used to be. 
Should it be proved beyond contradiction that "corre- 
lation between cranial development and the tender- 
ness of the meat exists" in selling an old roguish steer 
to a dealer or butcher, what stress the seller should 
lay upon that fact? Some sensitive people may look 
upon increased cranial development as the beginning 
of the end, and that pathos and not the graspiness of 
the beef trust will cause man to cease to be carni- 
vorous. But is not the acquired intelligence of do- 
mesticity offset by loss of acuteness in what is called 
instinct? Must not the tenderness of the animal's 
meat result from the cranium of man ? 

Disposition has a very decided influence on the con- 
dition a horse keeps in, and probably has more in- 
fluence in a domesticated state than in free nature, 
but whether a high strung, thoroughbred racing colt, 



or a phlegmatic young drafter would possess tender 
meat is a question yet to be decided, though if tender- 
ness has a relation to temperament, the fact would 
speak plainer in the horse than the cow — and in less 
degree still in the hog. Animals must be accredited 
with many faculties of mental orders in low degrees, 
probably the state of the mind we call human before 
it was impregnated with consciousness, and followed 
by conscientiousness, tjhe growths otf which have 
caused a continued widening breach between the hu- 
man and the animal. What will the West do next 
is a trite saying, with the sun harnessed to the sun- 
motor and her population surpassing that of the 
Celestial Empire. W. M. 

Albemarle Co., Va. 



BLACKLEG. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I have before me your issue for May, and have 
read the article in regard to blackleg and its preven- 
tion by vaccination. It would appear from that arti- 
cle that the vaccination of animals to protect them 
against blackleg was purely an experiment, whereas 
as a matter of fact, the blackleg vaccine was discover- 
ed by Messrs. Arloing, Cornevin and Thomas nine- 
teen years ago, and has been put to practical use for 
some eighteen years in Europe. I introduced black- 
leg vaccination into North America as long ago as 
1895, and over five millions of calves have been vacci- 
nated in the United States during the last few years 
with the vaccines that are still prepared by Messrs. 
Arloing and Thomas, and which are furnished by the 
Pasteur Vaccine Co. 

The blackleg vaccine was first of all made in the 
powder form, with two lymphs that were administer- 
ed at an interval of about a week. A few years later 
the vaccine in powder form was prepared of medium 
strength, which necessitated only one application. 
However, as highly graded or ■ pure-bred stock are 
more susceptible to blackleg than common stock, it 
is always desirable to treat such animals with the 
"double" vaccine, consisting of the two lymphs, as the 
double treatment affords a higher degree of protection 
than the single treatment. Moreover, it is naturally 
desirable to give the highest possible degree of pro- 
tection against blackleg to the more valuable animals. 

Some years later an improvement was made in the 
method of preparing and applying the vaccine, and 
tb is was brought about by Dr. Thomas. This is in 
rhe form of a cord saturated with the vaccine and then 
dried, and it is applied in the same way as one would 



392 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



take a stitch under the skin. This has rendered vac- 
cination more popular, as it has made the operation 
so much easier, doing away with the expensive and 
troublesome syringe outfit with pestle, mortar, etc., 
for preparing the powder vaccine for use. The cord 
form of vaccine is generally known as "Blacklegine," 
and for several years past has been furnished both 
for single treatment and for double treatment. 

About twenty millions of calves have now been 
vaccinated against blackleg, of which about 95 per 
cent, have been vaccinated with the original vaccines 
prepared by Messrs. Arloing and Thomas, and fur- 
nished in this country by the Pasteur Vaccine Co. 
It will readily be seen, therefore, that vaccination 
against blackleg is by no means an experiment, and 
as above mentioned, the vaccine has been a commer- 
cial product for about eighteen years. An article is 
never taken up commercially until the experimental 
stage is passed. I hasten to correct the erroneous 
impression conveyed by the article in question, as, if 
it were thought that vaccination against blackleg 
Avas simply an experiment, it would deter a number 
of stock raisers from resorting to vaccination, and by 
refraining from vaccinating their stock, they would 
continue to lose their calves from blackleg at the same 
high rate as existed before vaccination was introduced 
by myself into this country eight years ago. Per- 
haps it is not out of place to say that the well-known 
scientist, Louis Pasteur, discovered the preventive 
vaccination for anthrax twenty years ago, and over 
twenty-three millions of animals have been success- 
fully protected against anthrax with Pasteur's an- 
thrax vaccine in Europe, North America, South 
America and Australia — in fact, in all parts of the 
civilized world where anthrax is troublesome. 

Chicago, III. Harold Sorby. 



THE FUTURE OF THE SHORT HORN. 

We take the following extract from a letter from 
an English breeder to the Breeders Gazette. It em- 
phasizes the point we have so often made that Short 
Horn breeders in this country have lost sight of one 
of the grandest points in that fine breed — viz., its 
milk and butter producing capacity. It is this qual- 
ity, combined with its good feeding qualities, 
which makes it preeminently the farmer's cow. We 
want breeders here to get back to this type, and then 
in a Short Horn the farmer will have the finest dual 
purpose cow in the world: 

It seems to me that in the States of America you 
know the Short Horn in its beef state only. In the 



old country we know it in its true cosmopolitan form, 
a true dual-purpose animal unequalled for the pro- 
duction of beef and milk. If we go to the bed rock 
of Short Horn history we find special mention of the 
milking qualities of the earliest recorded cows. 
Take, for instance, the earliest recorded female 
Tripes, ancestress of the Princess family, calved some 
time previous to 1760. This cow, said to have been 
a great grazer, was the grandam of a heifer by Mas- 
terman's Bull (422) and in two successive years pro- 
duced twin calves and gave eighteen quarts of milk 
twice a day for more than a month after calving. It 
is this reputation for milk producing, combined with 
an aptitude to fatten when dry equal to that of any 
other breed, that has given the Short Horn first place 
in the race of breeds. 

In this country to-day we have two practically dis- 
tinct types of Short Horns — the Scotch or beef pro : 
ducing, now the rage in America, and the dual pur- 
pose English Short Horn founded on the old Booth 
and Bates blood. It is to the latter with a judicious 
blend of the former to give it more substance and 
earlier maturity that I look to carry on the glorious 
work of the breed in the future. The old Bates in 
the Southwest of England that were practically ruin- 
ed by the mad rush for straight Bates in the seventies 
and early eighties, have for the last fifteen years or 
so been recuperating under the shadow of the straight 
Scotch edifice erected by the sage of Sittyton, an 
edifice not the growth of a night, but the outcome of 
a lifetime of patient labor directed by a master mind. 
A thought sometimes occurs to me — though it may be 
heresy to express it — when I think of the foundation 
on which Amos Cruickshank's life-work was laid, on 
which in the autumn of his days he had the pleasure 
of placing the corner-stone, and of the story after 
story that the builders who succeeded him are adding, 
some with judgment, some without, to that building, 
that some time in the future — who may say how soon ? 
— the whole structure will fall like a house of cards 
as flat as the "Bates and no surrender" bubble when 
pricked with the needle of common sense. 

Now one word as to the Short Horn of the future. 
We must bear in mind that he is the Anglo-Saxon of 
the bovine species and as the pioneer and civilizer of 
the cattle world he must retain his activity and con- 
stitution, so that in a new country, if necesary, he 
can forage for himself. With this end in view breed- 
ers in this country must aim at the style and grandeur 
of the early Short Horn combined with the aptitude 
to fatten of the Cruickshank cattle and at the same 
time take care that the milking powers are not neg- 
lected. — James Peter, in Breeders' Gazette. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



393 



The Poultry Yard. 



NUX VOMICA FOR CHICKEN KILLING HAWKS. 

Our reply to the inquiry on this subject, published 
in our last issue, has brought forth the following in- 
formation from subscribers. We are certainly sur- 
prised to learn that hens and chickens are apparent!} 7 
immune to the action of nux vomica (strychnine), 
which is so violent a poison to human beings and all 
animals so far as we know. A still more curious fea- 
ture is brought out in one of the communications — 
viz., that tbe drug is poisonous to ducks and guineas. 
The communications are from persons of the highest 
repute in their sections, and known to us to be thor- 
oughly trustworthy, and we therefore make no hesita- 
tion in publishing the same. We would, however, 
urge that care should be taken in the handling of the 
drug, to keep it out of reach of human beings and the 
live stock of the farm other than the hens and 
chickens : 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I have for years believed in the testimony of those 
in whom I have confidence, that strychnine would 
not kill a chicken. When I read in the last issue of 
the Plaxticr the inquiry about the dose of nux 
vomica to be given to chickens with a view of killing 
hawks, and your comments thereon, I determined to 
take nobody's sayso, but experiment for myself. I 
took as much strychnine as I could get on the point of \ 
a pocket knife, enough to kill a dozen crows, made it 
into a pill with bran and gave it to a hen. She seem- 
ed to enjoy it very much, and went ,off singing as if 
she were happy. I watched her for some time to see 
if it would affect her in any way, but she continued 
in good spirits and is alive and well this morning. 
JS : ow, why is it that strychnine will kill crows, hawks 
and other birds, but has no effect on chickens ? 

Amelia Co., Va. R. E. Bridgefortii. 



being found dead, but it surely keeps them away, and 
I think makes the chicks healthy. I buy the pow- 
dered nux vomica, and as I have a good many chicks, 
get one-quarter pound at a time from a* reliable drug- 
gist. Begin by mixing one-half teaspoonful in one 
quart of dry meal, wet up with water and feed every 
two days. Gradually increase the dose to one tea- 
spoon to a quart of meal. If you give too much at 
first the chicks have convulsions. I simply put my 
dough in the feed coop and let them eat it at will. It 
kills guineas and ducks, so be careful. I think best 
to discontinue the use of it about a month before the 
chickens are used for table. As Mr. Montague has a 
small flock, he can proportion the dose to the amount 
of meal he uses Mrs. R. T. Soutiiall. 

New Kent Co., Va. 



Editor Southern Planter: 

I saw a letter in the May issue of the Planter 
from Mr. Montague, of King William, asking for 
information in regard to nux vomica being given to 
chickens to kill hawks, and as I have used it success- 
fully for two years, am glad of the opportunity to tell 
him and others of my experience. I had very little 
faith in it at first, but as the hawks were so very 
troublesome, thought I would give it a trial, and was 
so much pleased, have used it ever since. I cannot 
say it kills the hawks, as I have never heard of one 



Ed'ilor Southern Planter: 

I am glad that I am able to give the information 
desired in regard to how much nux vomica to give a 
chicken to kill the hawk and not injure the chicken. 
I have been using it for the last eight or nine years 
with the very best results. As soon as I find out that 
the hawk is catching them, I stop up all of the hens 
and chickens except one hen and her chickens, and 
mix four or five drops of nux vomica, thoroughly in 
the dough, and let the little chicks run out. I mean 
four or five drops for each chicken. Say you have 
10 chicks, 50 drops of nux vomica. The first chick 
the hawk catches is sure death to him. I never give 
it until the hawk is catching my chickens. It does 
not act so well on large chickens. Always give it to 
the youngest ones you have. I generally give it in 
the morning, and the hawk will soon come and catch 
one, and that is the last of him. 

Louisa Co., Va. J. P. E. Johnsox. 



TO DESTROY LICE IN THE COOPS AND HOUSES. 

Nothing is better to use as a liquid lice-killer than 
crude petroleum. It is a cheap, heavy, dark oil, just 
as it comes from the ground. It is sure death to all 
manner and kinds of hen lice that it touches or that 
comes in contact with it. It can be used like paint, 
with a brush to apply it. Kerosene oil, with one 
pound of naphthaline balls to the gallon, makes an- 
other good lice paint ; and there are quite a number of 
liquids sold in cans for this special purpose. No 



394 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



matter which of these you may select, make good use 
of them prior to placing a hen and her young brood 
within an old hen coop. Be sure to paint the coop 
with this at least twenty-four hours before using it, 
as the fumes of these mixtures will kill very young 
chicks. 



ABOUT TURKEYS. 

To make a success of turkey raising much care and 
painstaking must be given the young the first three 
or four weeks of their life. They are very tender 
and harder to start than any other fowl. Feed noth- 
ing the first twenty-four hours after they are hatched. 
They gain strength faster if left in the nest with 
the hen a day and night before cooping. Before put- 
ting them in the coop see that it is perfectly clean 
and free from vermin, and placed on dry ground, a 
little elevated, that the ground under the coop may 
not become water soaked in heavy rains. 

Remove coop to fresh ground often to avoid filth. 
Mashed potatoes and sour milk curd mixed with 
wheat bran is an excellent feed for turkeys and al- 
ways in order. 

Raw meat with onion tops chopped fine may be 
given once a day with good results. 

This forms a diet very much relished by the little 
fellows at least. 

Keep close watch for the large white lice that set- 
tle on the heads and necks of the young and kill a 
large percentage of all that are hatched. 

Lard mixed with a sprinkling of sulphur on the 
head and neck will destroy the lice at once. 

Xever let the young turkeys get wet and draggled 
in the morning dew or rain. 

Give water in shallow vessels so they can only wet 
their beaks. 

They should only have their liberty on dry, warm 
days until well feathered, when they may go forth 
and roam at will. 

Green corn, if eaten freely, will produce cholera, 
which is almost always sure death. 

Turkeys, unlike geese, have a very small amount 
of brains, and are not responsible for the many sad 
plights they get into. 



COST OF EGG PRODUCTION. 

The question is being continually asked as to the 

cost <>f egg production, the amount of food consumed, 

the amount necessarv to be fed dailv to fowls for 



the best results in producing eggs for market. To 
answer such questions successfully it would be neces- 
sary to go over considerable ground and meet the 
various conditions under which the fowls are kept, 
and make a particular point in each particular case. 
About one of the best things in the world to do on 
this subject is to study carefully every phase of the 
question and shape matters accordingly. 

In the test made for the Agricultural Division of 
Cornell University, at seven separate and well-sepa- 
rated stations or farms, it is shown that the average 
egg yield of 2,183 hens, for seventeen weeks, between 
December 1st and March 29th, was 32.2 eggs per hun-, 
dred fowls; or, in round numbers, seven eggs per 
month from each hen ; and the food cost of producing 
these eggs was a little more than sixteen cents per 
dozen eggs. The average profit was about $24.00 per 
hundred hens for the four winter months. 

When we compare flocks, we find that one of the 
flocks of 150 White Leghorn pullets produced thirty- 
six per cent, egg average, and shows a profit of $62.00 
per hundred hens for the four months. Another 
flock of ninety-six Leghorn pullets, twenty White 
Wyandotte pullets, and one hundred cross-bred White 
Wyandotte and White Leghorn hens, that averaged 
340 during the four months, shows an average of 
thirty-five per cent egg yield, and a. profit of $53.00 
per hundred hens for four months ; or, as we might 
say, about $1.50 per hen per year, if the same ratio 
is continued. As between the entire average and the 
average of the best, there is the same grading off as is 
found in the average of dairy cows, crops, and general 
business of all kinds. The best results always come 
to those who manage the best, and even when we aver- 
age the general average, we find that each hen of the 
whole lot would show a profit of over 66 cents per 
hen per year, or six hundred and sixty dollars ($660) 
per year from keeping one thousand hens under poor 
results, as against the making of over fifteen hundred 
dollars ($1,500) per year from the proper handling 
of the same number. 

The greatest value of this test is the cost of feeding 
the hens. This is shown to be $32.43 for food con- 
sumed by one hundred hens in seventeen weeks, or 
about 2 cents per week per hen. Those that produced 
the second largest egg yield consumed the most food 
of all kinds, including green food. They had about 
four ounces per day, while those that had the least 
amount of food, cost value, stood eighth in line of 
egg production and consumed almost five ounces per 
day, less costly and more bulky food being used. — 
Farm. PauUry. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



395 



The Horse. 



NOTES. 

George F. Dyer has quite a good stable of trotters 
and pacers, which are being worked for speed over the 
Fair Grounds track at Lynchburg, Va. The best 
known member of Dyer's string is the bay pacing 
mare, Little Belle, 2 :13J, with whom he won a num- 
ber of races in 1902. The daughter of Sidney, 
2:19f, is now in fine shape, and will be taken to the 
races later on. Among others in Dyer's hands are 
Sport, b. g., pacer, by Dr. Hooker, dam, the dam of 
Josie B., 2:09-^; Pete Warlock, b. g., 4, by Warlock, 
dam by Strathmore ; chestnut gelding, 4, by 
Robert Mediu, dam by Melville Chief; Jim Rosin, 
b. g., 4, by Dr. Hooker, dam by Young Jim, and 
some half dozen or more well bred road horses. Dyer 
is a careful painstaking man with a horse, and has 
been quite successful during recnt years with such 
horses as Little Bell, 2:14 1-4; Skyland Girl, 2:19!, 
Trib Gentry, 2 :20 ; Princetell, 2 :23 1-4, and others 
with slower records. 

^* ^* ^* 

Mr. John P. Branch, the head of the banking 
house of Thomas Branch & Co., this city, has a horse 
that would most likely learn to go fast with develop- 
ment in the grand looking big brown gelding Quartz, 
by Quartermaster, who recently drew a heavy road 
wagon a mile out in 2:37 1-4 over the Deep Run 
Hunt Club track. He is being driven on the road, 
but Mr. Branch has three others in George R. Rich- 
mond's stable at the Hunt Club track. They are a 
bay pacing gelding by Willis, dam Louise, sister to 
Branchwood, 2 :22 1-4, by Woodburn Hambletonian ; 
b. g., 4, by Toodles, Jr., dam Louise, and Thiol, 
brown mare, by Egwood. 

^* *?■ «5* 

Virginia horses were quite strongly in evidence at 
the recent Baltimore Horse Show, especially in the 
classes for hunters and jumpers. Courtland H. 
Smith, of the Hampton Farm, xilexandria, carried 
off the ribbon in the class for championship hunters 
with Chappie Lee, and Tip Top, in the same stable, 
came second. Grand old Hornpipe, owned by Mrs. 
Charles H. Hurkamp, of the Boscobel Farm, Fred- 
ericksburg, one of the most consistent of slow horses 
and ever ready to do his best when called upon, was 
also in evidence, as the big roan son of Young San- 
ford, took first prize in the class for ladies' hunters. 

X0* t&* %£& 

In his private stable here Mr. Langhorne Putney 
has a couple of well mannered and speedy harness 
horses in Foxhall, 2 :19 3-4, and Foxie Lambert, 
2 :22. Both are trotters. Foxhall, the chestnut son 
of Great Stakes, 2:20, and Sue Norfolk, by Norfolk. 



is eight years old, and just in the prime of his use- 
fulness. He is a product of the Foxhall Farm, Nor- 
folk, and one of the speediest of Virginia breds, and 
when right and fit, and gotten off on his stride, I 
doubt if any horse in Richmond can head him in a 
brush from a half mile up. His sire, Great Stakes, 
is in the stud of W. H. Nelson, this city, while his 
dam, the great brood mare Sue Norfolk, dam of three 
in the list, is the most highly prized matron owned 
by L. G. Roper, of Roper, N. C. 

^w t&& t0* 

The annual crop of thoroughbred yearlings from, 
the Ellerslie Stud of R. J. Hancock and Son, Char- 
lottesville, Va., are to be sold on Friday, June 12th, 
by the Fasig-Tipton Company, New York, at their 
Sheepshead Bay paddocks, and the collection is one 
of the choicest ever sent from the farm. The offer- 
ings include full brothers and sisters to horses that 
have made history on the running turf. Ellerslie is 
one of the most noted breeding establishments in the 
land, and the stallions and brood mares in use are 
among the richest bred to be found in the Stud Book. 

^* ^* ^* 

J. S. Curtis, of the Mayfield Stud, Leesburg, Va., 
has been permitted by the Jockey Club of New York 
to register the name Salvini for the chestnut colt, 
two years old, by imp. Saville, dam imp. Star Ac- 
tress, by Kendal. Salvini was bred at Mayfield, 
where his sire and dam were owned. He was taken 
to England as a yearling and then brought back to 
this country, and in order to register him under the 
name claimed Mr. Curtis was assessed the usual fine 
of $50 for a delay of more than six months in the 
matter. Had it have been taken up as prescribed by 
rules of the Jockey Club the cost would have only 
been $5. 

^* ^* k2& 

Robert Broadley's horses were in evidence at the 
Washington spring meeting, and now they are win- 
ning at Chicago. Ahola, the bay filly, 3, by Aloha, 
dam Mrs. Stuart, by Panique, won recently in a 
handicap for all ages at % mile. This filly is the 
Derby candidate of the Bradley stable, and the tall 
Virginian hopes to land first monev in that classic 
even I. Ahola was bred by Mr. Bradley at Greenwav 
Farm, where her sire, Aloha, heads the stud, and is 
credited with siring Robert Waddell and other good 
winners. £ & J* 

Albert Fletcher, Jr., Warrenton, Va., has sold to 
IT. V. Colt, Gennesseo, N. Y., a very promising young 
gelding by His Grace, son of Eolus. The price was 
$400, and the gelding will be schooled to jump by his 
new owner. Broad Rock. 



396 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



Miscellaneous. 



THE VIRGINIA STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 

The first meeting of the newly appointed State 
Board of Agriculture was held in Richmond on 
April 14th. The members of the old Board have, 
with the exception of Mr. Browning, who declined 
reappointment, been reappointed. In Mr. Brown- 
ing's place Mr. Gillespie has been appointed. Dr. 
J. M. McBryde, the President of the Agricultural 
College and Director of the Experiment Station of 
Virginia, has become, under the terms of the new 
Constitution, a member ex-officio of the Board, and 
took his seat. The Board organized for business by 
the election of the Hon. J. H. C. Beverly, of Essex 
county, to the position of President. Mr. Beverly is 
a large and successful farmer, who has had several 
years' erperience on the Board, and we doubt not will 
make a most efficient presiding officer. We congratu- 
late him upon his appointment. He is by education 
and experience well fitted to discharge the duties of 
the position, and farmers may look with confidence to 
him to guard and advance their interests. The 
Board appointed a special committee to confer with 
the joint legislative committee as to the necessary 
legislation required to be enacted to bring the work of 
the Board into harmony with the requirements of the 
new Constitution. This committee subsequently met 
the joint legislative committee and submitted a bill, 
which seemed fitted to meet the needs of the case, and 
which bill met the approval of the legislators, and 
has since been enacted into law. We have not yet 
been able to secure a copy of this law, but will do so 
as soon as printed and publish same for the informa- 
tion of our readers. We understand that there was 
some conflict between the Commissioner of Agricul- 
ture and the Board as to their respective duties, the 
Comissioner being desirous of controlling the work of 
the Department of Agriculture and placing the Board 
itself in a secondary position. The Board declined 
to accede to this view of their duties, and submitted 
that in accordance with the terms of the new Consti- 
tution the Department should "be under the man- 
agement and control of the Board, with power to elect 
and remove its officers," and in this contention thev 
were sustained by the Legislature. Practically, 
therefore, the Commissioner is now placed in the 
position which we have always contended he ought to 
occupy — viz., that of being merely the executive 
officer of the Board. We strongly urged this point 
before the Agricultural Committee of the Constitu- 



tional Convention, and that committee agreed with 
us, and so reported, and further provided that his 
appointment should be by the Board. Unfortunately, 
the Convention itself changed this into an appoint- 
ment by the people, and thus placed the office in the 
iiands of the politicians. We were afraid that this 
change would result in a conflict of authority between 
the Board and the Commissioner and perpetuate what 
had been the bane of the old Board and Commis- 
sioner, and the result has justified our fear. We 
hope, however, that this may now be at an end, as the 
result of the action of the Legislature, and that undi- 
vided and harmonious action may mark the future 1 
work of the Board and Commissioner. 



THE GOOD ROADS QUESTION. 

In our last issue, writing on this subject, we 
strongly emphasized the importance of joint action 
by the Nation, the State and the County if good roads 
are to be had without an undue burden being cast 
upon farmers. We are glad to see that this view of 
the matter commended itself to the recent National 
Convention, held in St. Louis, which was the 
largest and most representative gathering ever held 
on the road question. President Roosevelt and Mr. 
W. J. Bryan and other representative men addressed 
the gathering. Colonel Killebrew, of Tennessee, 
writing on the Convention, says : 

"No more successful Convention was ever held in 
the interest of any industrial movement than the 
Good Roads' Convention, that was held in St. Louis 
from April 27th to the 29th, inclusive. In the num- 
ber and intelligence of its delegates, in its enthusiasm 
and working capacity, in its unanimity and single- 
ness of purpose, in the number of able speakers and 
freedom from partisan or political influences, it was 
seldom if ever equaled. 

"Two thousand delegates, from nearly every State 
and Territory in the Union, attended the Convention. 
From the first day to the last the most dominating 
idea was the necessity of government aid in the con- 
struction of rural routes — government aid to be con- 
ditioned upon an equal amount of local aid, as set 
forth in the Brownlow bill. All the speakers, with 
the exception of one or two, dwelt upon this idea, and 
the thundering applause that followed each speaker 
left no room for doubt as to the sentiment of the Con- 
vention on this point. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



397 



The best evidence, however, was in the adoption such expenditures. Senator Latimer made a strong 



of the declaration of principles and resolutions on the 
last day of the meeting. There was not a dissenting 
voice in that large assemblage. The declaration of 
principles as set forth asserted that the building of 
good roads in the United States is now of paramount 
importance to national prosperity and commercial 
supremacy ; that the harmonious co-operation of town- 
ship, county, State and National governments is need- 
ed in furtherance of this end ; that though the appro- 
priations hitherto made by Congress for the improve- 
ment of the rivers and harbors were beneficent and 
commendable, yet the time has come when the agricul- 
tural districts should be assisted in the matter of 
building highways, so that the benefits of the free 
mail delivery may be extended, and thus promote a 
iiigher order of citizenship, and also meet the ever- 
growing necessities of the great agricultural interests 
of the country, upon which its prosperity and growth 
depend. 

"The establishment throughout the United State? 
of a complete and perfect organization for this pur- 
pose was recommended, and the delegates assembled 
were made representatives of the national organiza- 
tion of the Good Roads' Association, to carry forward 
this local organization. The work of the Office of 
public road inquiries was endorsed, and the sense of 
the Convention was that its opportunities should be 
enlarged and its usefulness extended by a larger ap- 
propriation. 

"The principle of State and county co-operation 
was commended, and it was more than once empha- 
sized that it is as much the duty of the general gov- 
ernment to assist in the building of highways as it is 
to improve the rivers and harbors. 

'"The resolution favoring National aid is to be pre- 
sented to the Congress of the United States by a com- 
mittee composed of one member from each State, to 
be selected by the secretary of the National Good 
Roads' Association. The building of the memorial 
road from Monticello to the University of Virginia 
in honor of Thomas Jefferson, who signed the first 
bill for the construction of a national highway on 
March 29, 1806, was unanimously approved and en- 
dorsed by the Convention. 

Among the most distinguished speakers at the Con- 
vention were President Roosevelt, William J. Bryan, 
Senator Latimer, of South Carolina, and Governor 
Cummins, of Iowa. Mr. Roosevelt and Mr. Bryan 
both spoke of the necessity of building better high- 
ways for the nation, and though neither committed 
himself to the proposition of advocating government 
aid, yet tbe inference was clear that both would favor 



and unanswerable argument in favor of government 
aid. There will be no more earnest worker for good 
roads in the next Congress than Senator Latimer. 

"The President made some good points. Among 
other things, he said : 

" Tt is the habit of road building that gives to a 
people permanent greatness. 

" 'The development of the iron road has been all 
that one could wish, but it is mere presumption to 
consider good railways as substitutes for good high- 
ways. 

•' 'We want to see cities built up, but not at the 
expense of the country districts. 

" 'If the winter means to the average farmer a long 
line of liquid morasses through which he must pain- 
fully force his team if bent on business, and through 
which he must wade or swim if bent on pleasure ; if 
an ordinary rain storm means that the farmer's boy 
or girl cannot use their bicycles, you have got to ex- 
pect that those who live in the rural districts will not 
find farm life attractive. 

" 'We should all encourage any check to the un- 
healthy flow from the country to the city.' 

"This movement in favor of government aid is 
gathering strength day by day. It will reach such 
proportions by the meeting of the next Congress that 
no Congressman who has any regard for his own 
popularity will be able to resist it. Several conver- 
sions occurred during this National Convention. 
Several who came prepared to resist the movement 
were astonished at the depth and unanimity of senti- 
ment among the delegates of all political parties. The 
impulse is gathering strength, and he who would not 
be swept away must move with it." 

We trust that our Legislature when it meets again 
in November will endorse this movement, and not 
waste more time in passing useless road laws, which 
please nobody long, and effect no permanent improve- 
ment of our roads. 



PICKING STRAWBERRIES IN SOUTHEASTERN 
VIRGINIA, NEAR THE SEA. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

In the early morning of May 6th I made a trip 
to the berry fields around Norfolk, Va., in company 
with a photographer, for the purpose of securing some 
views suitable for properly illustrating the Virginia 
berry business at the St. Louis Exposition. 

At 8 o'clock A. M. we reached the farm of one of 
our largest berry growers, and found more than four 
hundred dusky pickers waiting the order to go to 



398 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[J une 



work. These hands had gathered there from the 
city and adjacent country. 

They were made up of all sorts, sizes, ages, degrees 
and conditions. There were old and young, short 
and tall, fat and lean, male and female — in fact, there 
was a regular cloud of hig darks, little darks and 
darklets. 

They were all good natured and jolly, and while 
waiting for the signal to begin, the time was spent in 
laughing, chattering and joking, and the whole mass 
gathered around the packing house, reminding one of 
a swarm of bees hanging on to a big honeycomb. 

The acreage in berries on this farm was not far 
from one hundred acres. It was one large square 
field with a wagon road running through the centre 
of the field each way, cutting the field into four equal 
squares. x\t the crossing of the roads, in the middle 
of this one hundred acre field, the packing sheds were 
erected and the crates stored. 

At about 8:30 A. M., after the dew was off the 
vines, the signal was given to begin work. The four 
hundred pickers were looked after by four sub-over- 
seers, and the whole work was looked after by a super- 
intendent. 

The day we were there the west half of the square 
was to he picked, and the pickers in charge of the 
overseers were marched to the western boundary of 
the field, and each one took his position at the end of 
a row of berries. Each picker had a tray and about 
ten empty quart baskets. 

While they were marching from the centre of the 
field to take their position for picking, our photo- 
grapher got a good photograph of the moving mass. 
At the signal they all began picking, and after they 
had picked about five minutes our photographer se- 
cured another view of the pickers. 

It was surely an interesting sight. The berries 
were large and a beautiful red ; the foliage was a 
beautiful green ; the sky overhead was blue, while 
the pickers were black. 

It was a scene once seen never forgotten. We 
learned afterwards that the result of the picking that 
morning was something less than one hundred and 
fifty crates, each holding sixty quarts. 

The price paid the pickers is two cents per quart. 
At this price a good picker often makes as high as one 
dollar to two dollars per day, although they seldom 
pick all day. 

The market price of berries has been well sus- 
tained this year; the ruling price at present being 
from ten to fifteen cents per quart. For more than 
two weeks the crop has been going forward to market. 
The cool weather, so far prevailing in May, ripens the 



berries slowly, so slowly that every quart is finding a 
good market. The berries are also firm and are go- 
ing forward in a splendid condition. 

We are hoping that the crop will reach well up to 
the maximum — say ten million quarts — and we 
are also hoping that the average price will reach very 
near the 'ten cent mark, which makes a round million 
dollars for the berry crop of this section. In such 
case the cost to pick will reach twenty thousand dol* 
lars, and this sum is deposited at the very bottom of 
the heap, so to speak. It circulates onward and up- 
ward through the whole mass of business, passing 
rapidly from the hands of the pickers to the retailers 
in our city, thence to the wholesale men, thence to the 
jobbers and manufacturers in the great Northern 
and Eastern financial centres, from whence it is 
drawn back to this field again in exchange for the 
great potato crop which is to go to market in June. 

So we see that the "trucking" dollar makes a 
round trip in about thirty days — that is to say, it 
makes the rounds from'the laborer up through all of 
the grades to headquarters, and then back again to 
the laborer in about thirty days. 

It is not so with "wheat" dollar, or the "corn" 
dollar, or the "beef" or "pork" dollar; such dollars 
make but one round trip per year. The trucking 
dollar is the "nimble nickel." It is spent, respent, 
spent again and again and again, passing through 
dozens of hands in less than thirty days. Because of 
the fact that the dollar invested here in agricultural 
pursuits makes so many round trips per year, busi- 
ness here never gets stagnant. Money is always in 
motion, because the tillers of the soil always have 
something to sell. A. Jeffers. 

Norfolk, Ya. 



FREAKS OF IRISH POTATOES. 
Different Results Under Similar Conditions. 

Editor Southern Planter. 

There is probably no crop raised in this country 
that is more talked about among farmers or oftener 
discussed in the agricultural press than potatoes. 
This is not because they are a valuable crop, raised 
on every man's farm, in every part of the country, 
and constitute a palatable, nourishing, and inexpen- 
sive food to be found on every man's table at nearly 
every meal, but because there are some mysteries 
about the plant and the terrible diseases to which it is 
subject. Potatoes sometimes do well under certain 
conditions of weather and treatment, and again do 
poorly under apparently the same conditions and 
treatment. I have known them to do well some 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



399 



drouthy seasons and do poorly in other dry seasons, 
to do well in some wet summers, and to rot terribly in 
other wet summers. 

I think it has never yet been satisfactorily settled 
by the experiments of farmers, or the trials at the ex- 
periment stations, whether it is best to plant large or 
medium sized potatoes whole, or to cut them to one, 
two or three eyes. That it requires less seed to plant 
an acre when the potatoes are cut, and that the 
smaller the pieces the farther they will go in plant- 
ing, requires but little knowledge of arithmetic to 
compute, but the question of cutting at all, and the 
best methods of cutting as a matter of profit is a 
problem which has not yet been satisfactory solved. 

When seed is scarce and dear there is not much 
doubt that cutting is advisable, and probably with 
great painstaking and excellent cultivation, cutting 
to a single eye may be the best. I once raised a 
heaping half bushel of Early Rose potatoes from a 
single medium sized potato cut to single eyes and 
only one piece planted in a hill. The potato was sent 
to me by a friend, and was the first one of the kind I 
ever saw. 

I have usually had the best success when medium 
sized potatoes were planted whole. In one instance 
part of the field was planted with whole seed of 
medium size, and the remainder with pieces cut to 
two and three eyes. The quality of the soil and the 
cultivation were the same. The part planted with 
whole seed took the start of the other at first, and 
kept it all through the season. The tops were taller 
and more stocky, and the yield was the best. 

There are some freaks about potatoes I have never 
been able to understand. ]\fy father had about an 
acre of sod ground on a side hill broken up for pota- 
toes. The land was clay loam and 'considerably mix- 
ed with small flat stones. It had been seeded down 
with clover and timothy for several years, but the 
clover had mostly run out. A moderate coat of 
manure was spread on the surface and plowed under. 
The plowing was badly done, the horses having been 
idle, wanted to go fast, and the plowman did not try 
to restrain them. The consequence was the plow was 
out of the ground about half the time, and the plow- 
man did not back up to plow the balks. 

It was harrowed, furrowed in rows about three feet 
apart each way, and planted the forepart of May. 
The cultivation was with a small plow, the potatoes 
were hoed well twice and hilled up. The tops were 
still green at digging time, and the yield prodigious. 
The season was favorable for potatoes, everybody had 
good crops, but nobody in our neighborhood had any- 
thing that would begin to compare with ours. I have 



tried that same ground several times since with pota- 
toes and taken all the pains in the world in manuring, 
plowing and cultivating, but have never succeeded in 
equalling that crop, nor have I ever seen it equalled. 
I do not think it was the poor plowing that made the 
crop so good. It was good in spite of the unfavorable 
conditions. But why ? 

[ once manured part of a potato field and left the 
remainder without manuring. After haying came 
on the cultivation was neglected, and the part that 
was manured became very weedy. I inquired of the 
man who dug the potatoes how they were turning out. 
Tie said : "Pretty fair, but they are a great deal the 
best where the weeds are the highest !" It was true. 
Both the potatoes and weeds were the biggest where 
the manure was put. There was plenty for both, 80 
they did not quarrel. The potatoes would no doubt 
have been better had the weeds been kept down. 
Weeds injure potatoes more than corn, because the 
corn soon overtops the weeds and shades them. 

Another time I had potatoes on a field that was all 
manured, but part of the manure was full of weed 
seed, and the part of the field on which it was placed 
was quite weedy at digging time, and the other part 
entirely clean. There was not much observable dif- 
ference in the yield where the ground was weedy and 
Avhere it was clean, but the surprising thing aboxvt it 
was that where the weeds grew there was scarcely a 
rotten potato to be found in the hills, but where the 
ground was clean, nearly all were rotten. It was the 
blight, or black rot, which was very prevalent that 
season. Some may be disposed to doubt this state- 
ment, but there is no mistake about the potatoes being 
much the soundest among the weeds, but why they 
should be so I cannot tell. 

It will seem to corroborate the theory of the Ver- 
mont man who claimed to have discovered a remedy 
for the potato blight by covering the hills with a 
mulch of straw to shade the potatoes, and shield them 
from the scalding rays of the sun after a rain. It 
would seem also to disprove the theory that the rot is 
a sporadic disease caused by a fungus growth of 
microscopic, parasitic plants, which have taken root 
on the potato leaves and makes them wither and die, 
like the leaves on a blighted pear tree. 

According to my experience sod ground that has 
raised potatoes one year will produce a better crop 
the next year, provided the season is as favorable. I 
planted an acre of thick timothy sod ground which 
was broken up in the spring and well tended. The 
yield was fair. The next spring I planted the same 
ground again, and broke up another acre adjoining 
it, and planted both at the same time with the - 



400 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



kind of seed. Both patches received the same tillage, 
bat the acre that had grown potatoes the year before 
produced the larger yield. We would naturally sup- 
pose that a crop of potatoes would extract from the 
soil some of its most available and valuable consti- 
tuents, and that the second crop on the same ground, 
not finding so ready a supply of nutriment, would 
have been poorer than the first, and poorer than the 
adjoining acre, which had been broken up that spring. 
I have seen good potatoes raised by planting them 
on top of a thick sod without any plowing or culti- 
vating whatever, merely covering the seed thickly 
with straw and putting on a little more straw as the 
tops come Tip through it. There was a. fair yield ; 
they were easily dug (by removing the straw), and 
were as clean and bright as if they had been washed. 
Where did those potatoes get their food to make their 
growth ? The roots had not penetrated the sod, and 
the straw had not rotted at digging time. Where did 
they find the starch, potash and other ingredients of 
which they were composed ? J. W. Ingham. 



CLOVER AND GRASS IN EASTERN VIRGINIA. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Knowing what a great friend you are to clover : 
cow peas, the vetch, etc., etc., I want to report to you 
a little circumstance which happened recently. 

In company with our photographer, we were ex- 
ploring some of the berry fields of this section, for 
the purpose of securing some photos for advertising 
purposes. 

After we had secured our views and turned our 
faces cityward again, we passed a field thickly set in 
white and red clover, with the white clover predomi- 
nating. 

In the midst of the field was a Jersey cow, grazing 
contentedly and literally and actually leg deep in 
clover. The cow was a beautiful Jersey, a typical 
cow, and such as sheuld be seen by the dozen on every 
farm in Eastern Virginia. 

The sight was such an attractive one, from an agri- 
cultural standpoint, that we had the photographer 
take a photograph of the "cow in clover." 

You know, Mr. Editor, that it is generally sup- 
posed and stated that grass will not grow in Eastern 
Virginia, and it seems to be the general supposition 
of people throughout the country in general that 
clover and other grasses will not do well in Virginia, 
especially in Eastern Virginia. Now, the fact is 
right here. Our berry growers are compelled to 
fight the clover to keep it from taking their berry 



fields, but the third year the "pesky stuff" takes the 
berry fields, and really drives the trucker out. 

Now the clover in which our Jersey cow was con- 
tentedly grazing come in as a volunteer crop. In 
July, 1902 (last summer), the farmer dug his crop 
of Irish potatoes. After digging he harrowed the 
ground down smooth and lev?], and the crab grass at 
once took the field. Later in the season he cut fully 
one and one-half tons of crab grass to the acre, worth 
on the farm $10 per ton. 

This spring on this same land the white and red 
clover has come in almost as thick as if it had been 
sowed by hand, and a first class stand secured. 

Nature seems to be trying her best to make man 
understand that grass, especially clover, will grow 
here in Eastern Virginia. Keep the stock off this 
volunteer patch of clover and it will make a first class 
meadow, from which can be cut, during the ensuing 
three years, a paying crop of grass, especially when 
we consider that hay is now retailing at twenty dol- 
lars per ton. * 

All that is needed on any farm in Eastern Virginia 
is simply to consider the matter of growing clover. 
Let the farmer start in with a little clover seed, and 
feed the clover to his stock, thus getting the seed well 
scattered in the manure, and that manure scattered 
upon the surface of the soil and nature will do the 
rest, especially if he keeps a few sheep and some cows. 

The u pesky stuff," the clover, which our truck 
farmers fight as they would a noxious weed, secures 
a foothold here and there and flourishes luxuriantly, 
because this is emphatically a clover section. The 
crimson clover does remarkably well, also white and 
red clover, also the cow pea, also the vetch, also divers 
and sundry other grasses. 

No man living could see the old cow in the volun- 
teer clover field and truthfully say that clover will 
not grow in Eastern Virginia. A. Jeffees. 

Norfolk, Va. 



Plaster of Paris will fill floor cracks as well as a 
more expensive filler, or one that is harder to prepare. 
Paint as soon as dry and follow with a prepared 
hardwood finish. Mix only a small amount of plas- 
ter of Paris at a time and apply as rapidly as possible 
with a putty knife. Filling cracks in the floor and 
about the base boards is a wise precaution against 
carpet bugs and moths, and is not half so tedious as 
removing the carpets every few days to destroy the 
bugs as some house keepers must do all summer in a 
house badly infested. 



1!)03.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



401 



THE 



Southern Planter 

PUBLISHED BY 

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING C0IP1 

RICHMOND, VA. 

Issued on 1st of each Month. 

J. F. JACKSON, 
Editor and General Manager. 

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD, 
Business Manager. 



TERMS FOR ADVERTISING. 
Rate card furnished on application. 



TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION. 

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER is mailed to 
subscribers in the United States and Canada 
at 50c. per annum; all foreign countries and 
the city of Richmond, 75c. 

REMITTANCES should be made direct to 
this office, either by Registered Letter or 
Money Order, which will be at our risk. When 
made otherwise we cannot be responsible. 

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any 
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to 
receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti- 
cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE 
PLANTER, Descriptions of New Grains 
Roots, or Vegetables not generally known,' 
Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved 
Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel- 
come. Contributions sent us must not be 
furnished other papers until after they have 
appeared in our columns. Rejected matter 
will be returned on receipt of postage. 

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of the Post- 
Office to which your paper is sent. Your 
name cannot be found on our books unless 
this is done. 

SUBSCRIBERS failing to receive their paper 
promptly and regularly, will confer a favor 
by reporting the fact at once. 

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to 
what time your subscription is paid. 

NO ANONYMOUS communications or en- 
quiries will receive attention. 

Address— THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 

RICHMOND, VA. 



DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S 
COLUMN. 
Covering Cow Peas — Cow Peas and 

Corn 37S 

Lettuce Growing 378 

Cough in Hogs 378 

Cress Salad 378 

Veterinary Colleges 378 

Cow Peas as Improvers — Compost. 379 

Sheep Sorrel — Sheep 379 

Plants for Name 379 

Crimson Clover 379 

Gasoliue Engine 379 

Asparagus Growing 380 

Barn Building 3S0 

Broken Cow Peas 381 

Teocinte 381 

Japan Clover 381 

Hen Manure — Prevention of Lice 

in Hen Roost 381 

Cow Peas in Corn 382 

Cement Walls for an Ice House 382 



PUBLISHER'S NOTES. 



TO ADVERTISERS. 



All advertisements and matter 
pertaining to advertising must 
reach us by the 25th of each 
month. Please bear this in mind. 



SPECIAL OFFER. 

Tor 25 cents we will send the 
Southern Planter for the re- 
mainder of this year (June to De- 
cember inclusive) to any one who 
is not now a subscriber. We make 
this liberal offer in order to induce 
a large number of farmers to send 
us at least a trial subscription. 
We will greatly appreciate it if our 
subscribers will bring this notice 
to the attention of their friends. 
They will thereby do us a favor 
and indirectly help themselves. 
Remember, this offer is for new 
subscribers only. We have an- 
other offer, which we make to those 
already on our list. Remittances 
can be sent in the most convenient 
form, coin, stamps or money or- 
der. 



Our Oldest Subscribers. 

We have quite a number of sub- 
scribers on our list who have been 
receiving the Southern Planter 
since it was established in 1840. 
We-are gratified to receive this let- 
ter from our friend, Mr. W. T. 
Harris, of Louisa county : 

He writes as follows: "I have 
been a reader of the Southern 
Pianter since 1840, and I con- 
sider it the best agricultural paper 
published in the United States for 
a Virginia farmer." 

It is needless to say that Mr. 
Harris will read the Southern 
Planter the remainder of his 
days, which Ave hope will be many. 



To Subscribers: 

Our readers will confer a very 
great favor upon us by promptly 
notifying us of a change in their 



WOOD'S SEEDS. 

Plant Wood's 
Prize Head 
Late Fiat 
Dutch Cabbage 

FOR LATE FALL AND WINTER CROP, 

Our customers pronounce it, 

*' The finest Cabbage for winter 
I have ever grown/' 

" The best late Cabbage I have 
ever planted." 

" Makes the largest and most 
solid heads of any late Cabbage 
grown in this section." 

Price of seed, pkt. 5c; oz. 20c; 1=4 lb. 50c; 
lb. $1 .50, postage paid. See page 17 of Wood's 
Seed Book for 1903, for further information about 
Late Cabbage Seed. Wood's Seed Book mailed 
Free on request. 

T. W. WOOD & SONS, 

SEED GROWERS AND MERCHANTS, 

RICHMOND, VA. 




HEEBNER'S ENSILAGE CUTTER. 

The best cutter on the market for green or dry corn. 
Leading; ensilage cutter made. It not only cuts, butcrushes 
the stalks, rendering them palatable. Stock greatly relish 
and tln-lre on It A 15.00 attachment turns the machlnetnto a perfect 
- "Mder. Runs with leastpower. Used forcuttinfrallklndsof stock foods. 
er can be applied to pumping, churning, grinding, etc. Catalog free. 

HKEB3TEK & SONS, 85 Broad St., Lonsdale, Pa. 



A BARGAIN. 

1 AULTMAN-TAYLOR SEPARATOR, 27 inch 

cylinder. Good as new, $125 00. 

1 six horse power AUiTMAN-TAYLOR 
ENGINE, (Baby Elephant,) $200.00. 

Discount foe Cash. 
Address D. S. GLENN, Prospect, Va. 



EPARATORS AND POWERS. 




Sweep powers. Corn Shellers, Feed Mills. Steel KoIlers,Moweis a 
Rakes, Cultivators, Saws, Engines— 'A to io H.P.. mounted or 
stationary. The Measlnger 3ltg. Co., Tatamy, Pa. 



ue"WeberJun!or" 
Jumper' 




tn hi so 

- UB*d 

or other 
owe i 
'urpofc 



Ti all eompleU, ready to at- 
tach to pump. EQuaia 30 men 
pump log water. 
lUiei but little gas- 
oline, la shipped 
crated complete)/ 
erected, ail connec- 



u ww«,i>, pit a^ji±iJ0V 

ti nns made. Easy to atart, an 7 
one can operate It. Every 
one guaranteed. Other alzea 
up to 50 H. P. Send for cat- 
alog. WeberQaaA Gasoline 
■a^ Engine Co., Box 138 
— * -- Ciky ^ 



402 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[Juno 



post-office addresses. We es- 
pecially desire to know this in the 
case of free delivery being estab- 
lished. It is absolutely impossi- 
ble for us to keep up with our 
large list of names, as changes are 
made so frequently and rapidly. 

We receive a supplement to tbe 
Postal Guide every month, but we 
frequently send copies of the 
Southern Planter and latters 
to post-offices after they have been 
abolished, thereby causing both us 
and our readers delay and annoy- 
ance. 

Kindly let us know promptly 
when your free delivery is estab- 
lished. 



WITH THE ADVERTISERS. 

The St. Omer Herd of Jersey Cattle 
has an ad. in this issue. 

The Southwest Virginia Land 
Agency offers some choice farms for 

Heebner & Sons have a couple of ads. 
elsewhere in this issue. One offers 
their tread power and the other en- 
silage cutter. 

White Yorkshire Pigs are offered by 
Mr. H. H. Clark. 

The Virginia Polytechnic Institute 
offers its Jersey Herd Bull to prevent 
inbreeding. 

Mr. Warren Rice offers some splen- 
did Shropshires in this number. 

The Lyon's Washing Machine re- 
sumes its advertising in this issue. 

H. A. S. Hamilton & Sons, of Shad- 
well, Va. ( are offering some choice 
stock, which they removed from "Hill 
Top," near Staunton, Va. 

Messrs. W. M. Watkins & Son, pro- 



$100 REWARD, $100. 

The readers of this paper will be 
pleased to learn that there is at least 
one dreaded disease that science has 
been able to cure in all its stages, and 
that is Catarrh. Hall's Catarrh Cure 
is the only positive cure known to the 
medical fraternity. Catarrh being a 
constitutional disease, requires a con- 
stitutional treatment. Hall's Catarrh 
Cure is taken internally, acting direct- 
ly upon the blood and mucous surfaces 
of the system, thereby destroying the 
foundation of the disease and giving 
the patient strength by building up the 
constitution and assisting nature in 
doing its work. The proprietors have 
so much faith in its curative powers 
that they offer One Hundred Dollars 
for any case that it fails to cure. Send 
for list of testimonials. 

Address, F. J. Cheney & Co., 
Toledo, O. 

Sold by druggists, 75c. 

Hall's Family Pills are the best. 




ORDER AND SEE THAT YOU GET 

Pasteur Black Leg Vaccine 

If not obtainable from dealers, refuse substitutes and wire your 
order to us. Over 20,000,000 calves successfully vaccinated with 
the original Vaccine during the last eighteen years. Powder form 
and Cord form both for Single and Double treatment. 

PASTEUR VACCINE COMPANY, Ld., 

CHICAGO - NEW YORK, - FT. WORTH = SAN FRANCISCO. 



IHEEBNER'S "S5 W HORSE POWER 

I and Little Giant Thresher and Cleaner 

I make the handiest and moil economical threshing outfit known. 
| The thresher U made In tbreeilwi, 21, 2C and 30 In. cylinder. It la 
I a> simple, out to handle, light running , strong, durable and effective 
I machine. Will thresh and olean wheat, rye, oata, barlej, flu, rice, 
■ alfalfa, millet, sorghum, timothy, etc. Capacity 200 to 600 bus. R«- 
. j perfect. Will Atone man or a whole neighborhood equally well. Ota be run by steam, gasoline, or any other powerl f preferred. Tread pow- 
„■ for 1. 2 and 3 horses (equal to 2, 4 and horseel a lerer power.) Foroutting dry feed, ensilage and shelling, sawing wood, pumping, separating 
cream, etc. Strongest and lightest running powers on the market. Mounted or unmounted, as ordered. We also make Lever Powers, Feed and Ensi- 
lage Cutters, Wood Saws, Feed Grinders, eto. Sttul for FREE Catalog,*. HEEBNER * SONS, No. f « Broad St.. LauuUle, Pa. 



suits p 






1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



403 



"THE INVINCIBLE" 
^POTATO PLANTER*.- 

Is the most practical and successful hand po- 
tato planter made. Will not clog, but under 
all conditions does perfect work. Only- 
planter made with open wire sleeve. A boy- 
can plant from four to six acres a day with 
an Invincible Planter. Strongly 
Handles unbreakable and adjustable. 
Read these unsolicited letters: 
Gentlemen,— I am very high- 
ly pleased with the Invincible 
Potato Planter. Would not 
take $10 if I could not get an- 
other. Not every farmer can 
afford to buy a $100 two-horse 
planter to use only for a day 
or two and stand idle the rest 
of the year. 

L. H. SNOW, 
Phoenixville, Conn. 
Read this: , .. u ,„ 

Gentlemen,— I bought *>i all *.-jl / 
one of your Invincible I IflflKI-v^ 
Potato Planters as a trial ** tMt * 6 - ** 
sample last year and 
think it equal to an extra 
man, besides being a 
good back saver. 

C. W. GRIGGS, 
Rose Valley, Pa. 

Reliable Agents Wanted. 
Any farmer can sell Invincible Planters on 
sight. Write for terms. 

Circulars Free. 

H. H. WABERS M'P'G. Co., 

Racine, Wis. 




Just Ask the Horse. 

He knows whether it's hard work to 
run a hay press. If he's worked on a 




RED RIPPER 9SL 

he will tell you that it is the lightest running press in the 
market. A lever gives the compression, and thepnwerin- 
creases with the resistance.but the horse doesn't know that. 
He knows that it is just as easy at the end of the stroke as 
it is at the beginning. The Red Ripper has an easy capacity 
20 bales per hour. It is alow priced, in fact, the lowest 
priced hay press in the market, and so strong and simple 
it never gets out of repair. It can be loaded on a farm wagon. 
Our 24 page Catalogue No. 433 tells you more and contains 
many testimonials we have received from Red Ripper pur- 
chasers. Distributing points, Baltimore, Memphis, Cincin- 
nati * Address SIKES MFC. CO., Helena, Georgia. 



THE 

King of 
Balers. 




A train of follow- 
ers, but no equals. 
Proves its superior- 
ity wherever it goes. 
Makes tight shapely bales, Q^t xrfifcf ^® Styles 
loose bundles, works fast, ~^\\ rili, ^ ■ n *' S| "«« 

avoids accidents and endures. Little draft, tremendous 

power, * mac blue of special features. Write for free Ell catalogue. 

Collins Plow Co., 1 1 86 Hampshire St., Qulncy, III. 



A ConstaLrvt Stream 

of water to the house, barn, garden or lawn 
is assured by the 

HYDRAULIC 

ENGINE. 

Pumps water automatically. Better than any 
ram, engine or wind mill. Sold on 30 
Days Trial. Fully guaran- 
teed. Catalogue free. 

RIFE ENGINE CO., 
126 Liberty St., New York. 



RIFE 




NO HUMBUG. JdSS. 

6wlM V , Stool Marker and Calf Dehorwr. Stop, iwin* 
from rooting. Make. 48 different ear marks. Extracts 
Horns. Prlc 11.60. Bond »1 for trial. Ifltsults.ssndbal- 
alio.. Pat'd Ma; «, 1902. Hog and Calf Holder ot.1t 7Sc. 

FARMER BRIGHTON, FAIRFIELD, IOWA. 




prietors of the Cottage Valley Stock 
Farm, renew their advertising contract 
for another year, beginning with this 
issue. Aberdeen-Angus cattle are their 
specialty. 

The Bowmont Farms report an "ava- 
lanche of orders and letters for large 
Yorkshires, as well as Jerseys." 

St. Albans School has a quarter page 
ad. in another column. Parents con- 
templating sending their sons to col- 
lege this fall should look into the 
merits of this splendid school. Pro- 
fessor Randolph will cheerfully an- 
swer all correspondence. 

The types showed an error in the 
address of Mr. John P. Mays' ad. in our 
last issue. It should have been Glen- 
coe, Md. He offers the "Maryland 
Strain" of Brown Leghorns. 

A useful little tool is Cronk's Staple 
Puller, advertised by the Cronk & 
Carrier Manufacturing Co., Elmira, 
N. Y. 

"The Wise Man's Wagon" is what 
the Electric Wheel Co., of Quincy, 111., 
calls its low-down farm wagon. And 
it doesn't miss the mark much, either, 
as an examination into its merits easily 
prove. 

Frazer Axle Grease is offered to our 
readers year in and year out. And 
numbers of them use it for exactly the 
same period. 

Well Drilling Machines are adver- 
tised by the Loomis Machine Co., Tif- 
fin, O. 

Fleming Brothers' Live-Stock Reme- 
dies are offered our readers in their 
ad. in another column. This well- 
known firm of chemists have an en- 
viable reputation honestly earned. 

John E. Heatwole advertises thirty- 
two varieties of pure bred poultry. Get 
his catalogue. 

A. T. Matthews, owner of the Leg- 
horn Poultry Yards, has renewed his 
ad. for another term. 

Baker's Jack Farm offers 150 jacks 
and jennets, and some well bred Per- 
cheron stallions. 

Mr. T. P. Braswell, Battleboro, N. C, 
has some nice Jersey bulls and heifers 
for sale. His prices are very low, con- 
sidering the breeding of his stock. 

Mr. E. G. Butler has some choice 
Berkshires, as well as Herefords. Look 
up his advertisements. 

Essex pigs can be had of L. G. Jones, 
Bethania, N. C. 

The Castalia Herefords are in fine 
shape. Mr. Boocock invites inspection. 
There's good blood and farmers' prices 
combined in his offerings. 

J. E. Wing & Co. are offering their 
celebrated Dorsets in this number. 

The American Seeding Machine Co. 
has a seasonable ad. in this issue. 

Chloro-Naptholeum Dip is a great 
lice killer, and every farmer should 
keep some handy. 

The Elkhart Carriage and Harness 
Manufacturing Co. change their ad. in 
this issue. Look up the offering for 
this month. 

De Loach saw-mills are advertised 
in another column. Look up the ad. 



Wise Man's 
Wagon. 

The man who has had experience 
in running a wagon knows that it 
is the wheels that determine the 
life of the wagon itself. Our 

ELECTRIC WHEELS 

have given a new leaae of life to thousands of old 
wagons. They can be had in any desired height, and 
any width of tire up to 8 inches. With a set of these 
wheels you can in a few minutes have either a high 
or a low down wagon. The Electric Handy 
Wagon is made by skilled workmen, of best select- 
ed material — white hickory axles, steel wheels, steel 
hounds, etc. Guaranteed to carry A000 lbs. Here is 
the wagon that will save money for you, as it 
lasts almost forever. Ourcntalogdescribingthe uses 
of these wheels and wagons sent free. Write for it. 
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., BOX 146 QUINCY, ILLINOIS. 






WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT 

and send 4 Buggy Wheels, Steel Tire on, - $7.26 
With Rubber Tires, $15.00. I mfg- wheels % to 4 la. 
tread. Top Buggies, $28.75; HarnesB, $3.60. Write foi 
catalogue. Learn how to buy vehicles and parts direct 
Wagon Umbrella FREE. W. V. BOOB, Cincinnati, O 




Chamberlin Mfg. Co., Olean, N. Y., U. S. A. 



STUMP PULLER 

Most Powerful, Handiest 
and Strongest Built in 
the World. 
We make 4 kinds In slaw 
to suit all need* and of any 
desired strength. Saves time 
end does the work right. The 
operation of pulling 
stumps and trees by oar 
methods la simple and 
easy. Send for Froo 
Catalogue. 
CfllCiaO 8TU1P KA( HINE JTFB. n. 
236 la Balls Street, Chlesf, UL 




HERCULES STUMP PULLER 




Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day. 
Clears all stumps in a circle of 150 ft. without 
moving or changing machine, Strongest, most 
rapid working and best made. 
Hercules Mfg. Co., 413 17th St., Centreville, Iowa. 



404 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



L'.Mw Jtes 



Is It Harness 

or any sort of vehicle that will 
claim your attention this spring? 
Just a word before you buy, 
i here's a standard. A guarantee 
of absolute worth, highest service, 
longest life, most perfect adapta- 
bility in 

St\idebaker 

Vehicles and H&.n\ess. 

You can't afford to experiment with untried 
goods for the sake of a small saving in first 
cost. Don't make the mistake of looking 
only at the price, and getting shoddy goods. 
Quality should be the first thought and 
that's where Studebaker's count. Stude- 
baker's sell at honest prices and you are 
sure of value for your good money. Stude- 
baker dealer in most every town. See him. 
Postal us for a catalog and particulars. 

SiudebaJter Bros. Mf#. Co., 

SOUTH BEND. IND. 

Chicago, New York, San Francisco, 

Kansas City, Portland, Ore., Denver, 
Salt Lake City, Dallas. 



AJ.GET A GOOD 
IFlWIND MILL 



Don't buy a poor wind mill. Don't 
pay a double price. Send direct to 
our factory for cata'ogue of the 

Freeman r\ 
Steel Wind Mills 

and four post angle steel towers. A 
complete line of pumping and power 
mills of the highest grade at extreme- 
ly low prices. We can save you 
money on a good article. 
S. Freeman <& Sons Mfg. Co., 

110 Hamilton St.. Racine, Wis. 

A complete line of I : eed and Ensilage Cutters. 

Corn SheHers, Wood Saws, etc., at low prices. 



MARK YOUR STOCK. 



KENTUCKY ALUMINUM EAR LABEL 

Made by F. H. Jackson & Co., Winchester, Ky. 
Write to them for free samples. 



if you wish to know about a really 
cheap saw-mill. 

The Chicago House Wrecking Co. 
has a very attractive offer in another 
part of this issue. All sorts of farm 
supplies are offered at very low prices. 

The Acme Churn is being investi 
gated by numbers of our farmers and 
dairymen. Refer to the ad. and send 
for fuller description. 

Any one wanting a fine Virginia 
plantation, fertile soil, fully stocked 
and equipped can hear of an excep- 
tional offer by addressing "X.," care 
the Southern Planter. The owner will 
exchange for town or city income 
property. 



CHESAPEAKE & OHIO RAILWAY. 

Interchangeable Mileage Tickets. — 
Commencing June 1, 1903, interchange- 
able 1,000 mile refund tickets will be 
placed on sale, limited to one year 
from date of issue, good only for 
transportation of owner with 150 
pounds of baggage. 

These tickets will be good over the 
following lines subject to certain re- 
strictions and limitations: 

Baltimore & Ohio R. R. east of the 
Ohio river; Pennsylvania R. R., Lehigh 
Valley R. R., Erie R. R. east of Sus- 
pension Bridge and Jamestown; Dela- 
ware, Lackawanna & Western R. R., 
Chesapeake and Ohio Railway east of 
and including Huntington, W. Va. 

These tickets will be sold at rate of 
$30.00 each, subject to refund of $10.00 
on surrender of cover to the Trunk 
Line Mileage Ticket Bureau, 143 
Liberty street, New York city, within 
18 months from date of purchase, mak- 
ing net rate $20.00. 

This form of ticket has been ar- 
ranged for in deference to the wishes 
of patrons of the various lines who de- 
sire one mileage ticket good over sev- 
eral lines. 

Agents at principal Chesapeake and 
Ohio stations will give further infor- 
mation regarding tickets on applica- 
tion. 



HEEBNER THRESHERS AND 
POWERS. 

Two machines which go hand in 
hand upon the farm, allowing the 
owner to do for himself what would 
cost him a considerable sum if he had 
to hire, are the Heebner Threshers 
and Cleaners, and the Level Tread 
Powers. Both represent high types of 
usefulness, as well they might, for 
they have been manufactured by one 
concern, the Heebners, father and sons, 
at Lansdale, Pa., for upwards of sixty 
years. They are the product of a re- 
gion where people were taught to be- 
lieve that the surest way to get on in 
the world was to do for themselves. 
These machines make that possible. 
The powers can be put to dozens of 
different uses upon the farm besides 
threshing. The threshers have a ca- 
pacity of from 200 to 500 bushels per 
day. The owner of one easily does his 
own threshing, and may quickly re- 



WELL DBILUNG 



MACHINES 



The most successful money-making ma- 
chines ever made. Also machines for boring 
wells with augers by horse power. Write 
us if you mean business. 

Loomis Machine Co., Tiffin, Ohio. 



SE PARATOR 

FO^ SALE OR EXCHANGE 

A De Laval Humming Bird Separator, 

n perfectcondition, used about 20 times; 

will sell cheap for cash or will exchange 

for a pure- bred Bull Calf of any Beef 

Breed — 'Polled preferred. 

W. H. MacNAIR, Tarboro, N. G. 



ROUND SILO 

THE PHILADELPHIA. 

The only Perfect Continuous Open Front 
SILO made. See Open-Top Patent Roof. Ask 
for Catalogue. E. F. SCHLICHTBR, 

321 Vine St., Philadelphia, Pa. 

Also made in the West by Duplex Mfg. 
Co., South Superior, Wis. 



CRONK'S 

Improved 
Staple Poller 




IS AT THE FRONT. Ask your dealer to show 
it. Three wire cutters, two hammers, two splicing 
clamps— all in one toil A Staple Puller th it will 
puil stupies when no otner make will. A cutiertuat 
will reach wire when the button cutter will not. One 
day's use will save the cost of it. US1.UO, postage paid 
CKONK & CARRIER MFG. CO., Elmira.N. X. 



SAN JOS: SCAiE 



and other insects 

can be con- 
trolled by using 

GOOD'S CAUSTIC POTASH 
WHALE OIL SOAP. No. 3. 

It also prevents Curl Leaf. Endorsed by en- 
tomologists. This soap is a fertilizer as well as 
insecticide 50 lb. kegs, $2.50; 100 lb. kegs, $4 50. 
Half barrels, 270 lbs., at 3}£c per lb.; barrels. 
425 lbs., at 3J<c. Large quantities, special rates, 
Send for circular. 

JAMES GOOD, 
939— 41 N. Front St., Philadelphia, pa. 



FRAZER 

Axic ureflsc thewor?d. 

Its wearing qualities are unsurpassed, ac- 
tually outlasting 3 bxs. any other brand, 
Not affected by heat. J8®-Get the Genuine. 
FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS. 



FREE 



from anxiety over 



wash day are those 
whouseaDILLEYQUEEN 
WASHER. We manufac- 
ture three styles of wash- 
ers; to introduce them 
wo will give you the ad- 
vantage of our factory 
prices for a short time. 
Write for catalogue and 
prices. Our Up-to-Date 
at $2.50. 

LYONS WASHING MACHINE CO 




Lyons, Mich. 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



405 




WIRE FENCE. 

Heavy lateral wires, heavy hard steel stays, 
colled spring wire, Sure Grip lock. In 
strength, appearance and durability, the 
Hard Steel cannot be excelled. Write for 
catalogue and prices. 

THE HARD STEEL WIRE FENCE CO., 
Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. 



_ Cataloque frt*-. 
I MANIOVE GATE <H)S 
272 HURON ST.rHICRGO, jftL, 



an 

pes time, tern 
per, teams and 
trouble. Works 
all the time, looks 
well any lime and 
pays for itself in a 
short time. 




genuine Spiral Spring Wire 
FENCES AND 68TES 

If your dealer does not have our 
goods in stock you can buy direct 
at Manufacturers' Price. Write 
for Catalogue and secure agency. 



INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. 
Columbus, Ohio. 



CO, 




Page Poultry Fence 

Heaviest and strongest made— fences poultry IN and 
stock OUT. Dealers don't keep it. Write us. 
PAGE WOVEN WIRE FESCE CO., ADRIAN, 3IICH. 






Many designs. Cheap kn 
wood. 82 page Catalog!* 
free. Special Prices toCem» 
terlesand Churches. Addres* 
COILED SPRINfi FENCE CO. 
Box Q,. Winchester. la* 




FENSE! 



STROMGEST 
MADE. Bull 

strong. Chicken 
tight. Sold to the Farmer at Wholes J« 
Prices, Polly Warranted. Catalog Free 

COILED SPRING FENCE CO., 
Box »S Wlnehwter, Indiana, U. 8. A 



TO HOMESEEKERS. 

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING 
IN VIRGINIA." 

Is the title of a new pamphlet issued by the 
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We 
will gladly mail you a copy. 
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER, Agt., 
G. P. A., Lands and Immigration, 
Roanoke, Va. 

WE HAVE A LARGE LIST OF 

FRUIT, POULTRY and TRUCK FARMS 

Ten, Fifty and One Hundred Acres each, with 

good buildings, close to steam and trolley 

Hues, easy access to the city. Also 

GRAIN AND > 70 CAT FAKMS 

From 100 to 1,000 acres at low prices all the 

way from $5 to $50 per acre. Write for 

Catalogue. 

THE VIRGINIA LAND AGENCY. Richmond, Va. 

J. R. HOCKADAY, Manager. 



cover the entire cost by threshing for 
his neighbors. All grains and grasses 
are within their compass, and they 
come from the machine ready for the 
bin. An advertisement will be found 
elsewhere in these columns. It should 
suggest to readers that it is as good a 
plan to do for one's self, to be inde- 
pendent of the coming of the thresher- 
man, and to save where savings can so 
easily be made. 



GWAIAKOWE. 



Gwaiakowe is an Indian word, and 
means "Corn is King." In America 
corn is indeed the king of cereals, the 
grain alone being valued at consider- 
ably more than $1,000,000,000, which 
is more than double the value of the 
wheat and oat crops combined. In 
addition to the grain value of the crop, 
the stalks when shreaded are worth as 
much as the ears, and hence the Mc- 
Cormick corn binder and the McCor- 
mick husker and shredder have en- 
abled the corn grower to double the 
value of his crop. A beautifully illus- 
trated book, entitled "King of the Corn 
Field," will be mailed free to readers 
of the Planter upon request. Write 
to the nearest McCormick agent. 



The proper ripening and maturing 
of whiskey depends on the care and 
method of storage. The warehouses of 
the Hayner Distilling Company are of 
the most modern and improved style, 
constructed entirely of brick and steel 
and equipped with the hot air system 
of heating and ventilating, which 
keeps the whiskey at a uniform tem- 
perature the year round. As a result 
their 7-year-old is as fully developed 
as 14-year-old aged in the ordinary, 
old-fashioned way, and it's better, too, 
for an uneven temperature of extreme 
heat and cold destroys the quality and 
flavor. 

During the entire process of manu- 
facture and from the time it is stored 
in barrels in their warehouses, until 
seven years later, it is bottled and 
shipped, Hayner Whiskey is under the 
watchful care of ten of Uncle Sam's 
Government officials. It goes direct 
from their distillery to you, with all 
its original richness and flavor, carries 
a United States Registered Distillers' 
guarantee of purity and age, and saves 
you the enormous profits of the deal- 
ers. Read the Hayner Co.'s offer else- 
where in this paper. 



LjSED FOR YEARS WITH SPLENDID 

Results. 

Greensboro, N. C, Oct. 5, 1902. 
The Lawrence-Williams Co., Cleveland, 
Ohio: 
Please find enclosed check for $1.50, 
for which please send me one bottle of 
GOMBAULTS CAUSTIC BALSAM. I 
have used it for years with splendid 
results. — T. M. Abrasmith. 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 



H Q MES AND THE PLACE TO 



FIND THEM. 



No place in the United States can a 
man do so well at farming, for tt e money 
invested, as in Virginia. Lands are 
cheap; climate good, and the best of 
markets close at hand. It is the State 
of all others, for a comfortable all the 
year round home. The James Hiver 
Valley Colonization and Improvement 
Company offer superior advantages to 
land purchasers. For free 36 page land 
pamphlet, address 

W. A. PARSONS, Vinita, Va. 

C &0 Main St. Depot. Richmond, Va. 



IF YOU WISH TO SELL 

— or :btx"X" — 

VIRGINIA LANDS 

Communicate with us. Write for free 
"Virginia Real Estate Journal," con- 
taining many splendid bargains. 
R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., Inc , 

No. 1 N 10th St , Richmond, Va 



NICE FARM FOR SALE 

on the Lynchburg and Durham R R. at 
Winfall, Va , laying on both sides of 
track, over 300 acres, good buildings. 
THOS. GOUGH, Lynchburg, Va. 



VfRGINIA FARMS 

S3 PER ACRE AND UPWARDS. 

EASV PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FREE. 

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Va. 

Established 1875. 



PIEDMONT 



And all that 
it Implies." 

Good land, climate, markets, shipping fa- 
cilities, churches, schools, good health, mode- 
rate prices, easy tefms. 

HACON & CO., = Orange, Va. 

CIEUC TADA/IC lu the sreat fruit grain and 
NllL rAilSTlO stock section of VIRGINIA. 

iiest climate and water in the U. S. Near great 
markets, with best educational advantages. 
For further information, address 

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO., 
Sam'l B. Woods, Pres Charlottesville, Va. 



VIRGINIA FARMS 

All prices and sizes. Free list on application. 
WM. B. PlZZINI CO., Richmond. Va. 



Go South. 



For full par- 
ticulars write 
A. JEFFERS, 
Norfolk, Va. 



SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA 

BLUE GRASS FARMS and MINERAL LANDS. 

Send for Free Real Estate Bulletin. 
Southwestern Va. Land Agency, Wytheville, Va. 



/ Can Set! Your Farm 

no matter where it is. Send description, state price and 
learn how. Est. '96. Highest references. Offices in 14 cities. 

W. Al» Ostrander, ixxsN. A. Bide., Philadelphia 

Mention the Southern Planter In 
writing. 



406 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



[Juno 



ELMWOOD NURSERIES. 



ASPARAGUS 

100,000 2-yr. old Asparagus roots, 
5 varieties. A special rate of $3.50 
per lOHO for 2 rnos. for BAKR'S, 
PALMETTO, CONOVER. 

APPLES 

A large general assortment, in- 
cluding WINESAPS and YORK 
IMPERIALS. 

Splendid Assortment 

of Ornamental, Shade 

and Fruit Trees. 

from B. P. Rocks, Light 
Brahmas, B r o w n Leg- 
horns at §1.00 per 13. 

WRITE FOR OUR CATALOGUE. 



Wood's Farm Seeds. 



Cow Peas 



and 



Soja Beans 

Two of the most important crops 
for farmers everywhere. Write for 
leaflets entitled " Soja Beans vs. 
Corn" and "Cow Peas— The 
Clover of The South," giving 
special information about these 
crops. We carry large stocks of all 
SEASONABLE FARH SEEDS, 
Seed Corn, riillet, Sorghums, 
Teosinte, Late Seed Pota- 
toes, Crimson Clover, 
Buckwheat, etc. 

Wood's Seed Book and Special Circu- 
lars giving prices and seasonable in- 
formation, mailed free. 

T.W. Wood & Sons, Seedsmen, 

RICHMOND,- VIRGINIA. 



SOJA BEANS 

85C. PER BUSHEL. 

BLACK PEAS 

$1.10 PER BUSHEL. 
W. H. WILSON, St. Brides, Va. 

A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 



EXTRAORDINARY BUGGY OFFER. 

The Economy Buggy Co., exclusive 
makers of carriage and harness, Cin- 
cinnati, Ohio, are building one thou- 
sand of their celebrated Economy Ideal 
Buggies, which are regularly marketed 
at $60, and are, until June 7th only, 
offering them to our readers at the low 
price of $42.50, throwing in for good 
measure with each vehicle, free of all 
cost, one Economy Storm Front and 
one Economy Dust Hood, two essential 
articles for comfort and stylishness, 
and costing alone $5.25 in any store. 
The terms the Economy Buggy Co. of- 
fers are as liberal as the price is low. 
They propose to reserve one of these 
buggies and storm front and dust 
hood for every person who writes them 
by June 7, 1903, and encloses five dol- 
lars. Catalogue and descriptive circu- 
lars will at once be sent the customer, 
fully describing all the options as to 
build, springs, finish, etc., of which 
there are many choices to select from. 
If the description fails to please him, 
he can at once have his five dollars 
reservation returned to him on re- 
quest. If he finds the description to 
be just what he would expect to pay 
$60 or more for, he can send the 
Economy people the balance of $37.50 
and shipping directions, and the buggy 
— just as ordered and specified — to- 
gether with the storm front and dust 
hood will be forwarded promptly. 

And this is not all. When the bug- 
gy arrives, examine it, hitch to it and 
try it thoroughly for ten days. If at 
the end of that time you are not per- 
fectly satisfied with your purchase, 
send the buggy back to the factory, 
and every dollar of your $42.50 will be 
returned. 



BIG SALE OF HEREFORDS. 

Messrs. Giltner Bros., of Eminence, 
Ky., send us the following item: 

We beg to report the following sale 
of Hereford cattle to C. E. Clapp, of 
Berryville, Va., which is of special in- 
terest, inasmuch as it is the largest 
single transaction ever made in Here- 
lords south of the Mason and Dixon 
line. 

After figuring with the leading Here- 
ford dealers on both sides of the ocean, 
Mr. Clapp purchased Acrobat of us at 
$3,500, which is the highest price 
liaown to have been paid for a bull of 
his age (nine years old) in the world, 
with the exception of Grove 3d and 
Lord Wilton. It is generally conceded 
that Acrobat is one of the most phe- 
nomenal sires of the breed. There is 
hardly a Hereford herd of note in the 
United States but has the blood of this 
great sire represented either in their 
herd bull or in their leading females. 

Mr. Clapp secured fifteen females, 
ranging in price from $350 to $600 per 
head. This consignment embraces the 
very choicest cows of the breed, among 
which may be mentioned the cham- 
pion show cow, Benison, which won in- 
numerable first premiums, and as a 
producing cow has to her credit Full- 



MED CORM 

W FOR SALE. IV 

The corn growers can't afford to 
miss this chance of getting some of 
the earliest White Corn ever intro- 
duced, known as the "WHITE CHAM- 
PION." It has been known to have 
been harvested in eighty days after 
planting. It has a very large, deep- 
grained ear, grows tall and makes an 
abundance of fodder and feed. 

Price — One Peck, 65c; Half Busnel, 
$1.25; One Bushel, $2. 

W. M. WATKINS & SONS, 
Randolph, Va. 



DIGGS& BEADLES 

RELIABLE 

SEEDS 

Selected SEED CORNS. SOJA and 
VELVET BEANS, COW PEAS, 
MILLET and SORGHUMS 
Write for prices. 

DIGGS & BEADLES, Seedesmen, 

1711 E. Franklin Street, 
RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA. 

Catalogue mailed FREE. 



1 



"Crop Growing 
and Crop Feeding." 

By Prof. W. f. massey. 

383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper, 50c. 



We offer this splendid work In connec- 
tion with the SOUTHERN PLANTER 
at the following prices: 

Southern Planter and Cloth 

Bound Volume, $1.25. 
Southern Planter and Paper 

Bound Volume, 90c. 

Old or new subscriptions. 



WALTER'S 

Piano Exchange 

We buy, sell and exchange PIANOS, 
do a general musical merchandise 
business and take trade. 

PRICES THE LOWEST. 

TERMS THE BEST. 

F. W. WALTER & SON, 
Staunton, Va. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



407 





^g.^'-^'^v':;-.^ 




; 







Back lambs, yearling buck's and ewes 
for sale; also Poland Chinas, eligible to 
registry. Pedigrees furnished. Farmers' 
prices. J. F. DURRETTE, 

Albemarle Co. Birdwood, Va. 

Shropshire Rams. 

In this my annual offering of Rams, I feel 
safe in saying that it contains one of the best 
lot of yearling Rams that has been offered at 
the price in the United States for a long time. 
These Rams arc 14 months old, and weigh 
(May 15th) 150 to 163 pounds, actual weight. 
They have individual merit backed by strong 
breeding. Careful selection will be made for 
parties at a distance. 

ENGLISH SETTER PUPS. 

(Count Rodo, ex-Gladys R., both prize win- 
ners.) 

WARREN RICE, Winchester, Va. 



"WOODLAND," 239-2569. 










S3 




Bred by us. The finest Dorset ram we ever saw. 
Is now at the head of our flock with " WOOD- 
LAND," 244-2746 Imp. 
J. E. WINQ & CO., Mechanlcsburg, 0. 



1 70 Fine Native Ewes ♦♦ 

FOR SALE. 

Each has big, fat, healthy, Grade Dorset 
lamb; also a fine, big, Registered DORSET 
BUCK; the whole flock at reasonable price; 
also a Stewart Hand Clipping Machine, made 
by the Flexible Shaft Co., used on 100 
sheep, good as new, $15. 
GEO. R. S. CONNELL, Irwin, Va. 

DORSETS and HEREFORDS. 

I lam "now offering my superior herd bull 
ROY. MAY, S0183; and some tine male calves. I 
am also booking orders for Dorset ram:- and 
ram lambs. 

H. ARMSTRON6, LANTZ MILLS, VA. 



filler, that stands at the head of Mr. 
Sotham's herd. This cow at Sotham's 
dispersion sale brought $1,050. She 
now has a bull calf at foot by the 
$6,000 Protector. 

We have reserved our choicest Acro- 
bat heifers, which wo are mating to 
Britisher, Champion of both England 
and America. On this foundation rock 
we expect to build up our future herd, 
and surely from this cross we are jus- 
tified in the expectation of producing 
a strain of Herefords second to none. 

This firm has an advertisement in 
this issue, to which we invite atten- 
tion. 



STUDEBAKER ORDERS. 
Two sales recently made by the Chi- 
cago house of the Studebaker Brothers 
Manufacturing Co. show which way 
the wind is setting with big concerns 
that are satisfied with nothing short 
of the best to be had in vehicles and 
harness. The first was to the Yellow- 
stone Park Transportation Company, 
the concessionaires under the govern- 
ment of the transportation privileges 
in the Yellowstone National Park, who 
have some 800 head of horses in ser- 
vice. Some time ago this company 
ordered from Studebakers a few sets 
of harness, and having tested and com- 
pared them with other makes used by 
them, quickly followed with an order 
for fifty sets of four-in-hand harness. 
The order was placed expressly on the 
superior quality of the Studebaker 
goods. The other sale was to the W. 
C. Walch Co., of Chicago, and consisted 
of sixty United States mail wagons 
and sixty sets of harness to go into 
the government mail service and to be 
made after the approved government 
designs and specifications. These or- 
ders, though not of great magnitude 
as Studebakers do things, yet indicate 
in a forcible way the high standing of 
Studebaker goods. 



MISSOURI AGRICULTURAL COL- 
LEGE — GREATLY INCREASED 
ATTENDANCE. 

The year just closing has been one 
of the most successful in the history 
of the Missouri Agricultural College. 
The total attendance shows the unpre- 
cedented increase of 30 per cent. This 
increase is due in considerable 
measure to the increase in entrance 
requirements. It is also largely to be 
attributed to the better facilities for 
instruction, which have been provided 
through the liberality of the General 
Assembly. The new horticultural, 
dairy and live stock buildings are now 
occupied by their respective depart- 
ments, and in some cases are already 
overcrowded. 

Dran H. J. Waters has been appoint- 
ed Superintendent of Agriculture at 
the St. Louis Exposition, and has been 
given a leave of absence. 

Professor F. B. Mumford has been 
appointed Acting Dean of the College 
of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, and 
Acting Director of the Experiment 
Station. 



Horse Owners! Use 

GOMBATJXT'S 

Caustic 




Balsam 



1 Safe Speedy and Positive Cart 
The Safest, Best BLISTER ever used. Take* 
the place of all liniments for mild or severe action. 
Removes Bunches or Blemishes from Horse* 
and Cattle. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY 
OR FIRING- Impossible to produce scar or blemish. 
Every bottle sold is w arranted to Rive satisfaction 
Price SI.5Q per bottle. Sold by druggists, or 
sent by express, charges paid, with full directions 
for ita use. Send for descriptive circulars. 
«vHB LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS CO., Cleveland On 



Fistula and 
Poll Evil 



You can 
treat these 
d i s e a s es 
yourself 
and cure them in 15 to 30 days. Flem- 
iug's Fistula and Poll Evil Cure is easy 
to apply, perfectly safe to use, and 
your money is promptly refunded if it 
should ever fail to cure. 

Interesting Booklets Free. 

We have two booklets to send you. 
One tells about Fistula, Poll Evil, 
Spavin, Ringbone, Curb, Splint, Knee- 
Sprung, Lump Jaw, etc., with instruc- 
tions how to cure them. 

The other proves that you can cure 
them. Write to-day. 

FLE/IINCi nkOS.. Chemists, 
22 Union Stock Yards. - Chicago. Ill 



HORSE COLIC. 

Send me $1.00 and I will tell you 
how to cure 

HORSE COLIC 

in 15 minutes at home. 
Address — 
J. C. FITCHER, - South Boston, Va. 



DEATH TO HEAVES 
Guaranteed 




NEWTON'S Heme, rough, Dh< 
temper and Indigestion Core. 

A veterinary specific for wind, 
throat and stomach troubles. 
Strong recommends. $1.00 per 
can. Dealers. Mail or Ex. paid. 
Newton Horse Remedy Co., 
Toledo. Ohio. 



FOR SALE. 

2 very fine Family Driving Horses, 6 yrs.'old; 
1 large Draft Horse, lf'.OO lbs. 

125 extra grade of Breeding Ewes; their lambs 
selling at an average of $4 per head. Will be 
sold in lots to suit purchasers. Call on or address 

JN0. MA.THEWS, East Richmond, Va. 
2miles east of Richmond on SevenPines Street, 
Car Line 



-SCOTCH COLLIES.- 

Beautiful pups, fine pedigree $5 & $6. 
Poland-China pigs, good blood, (no pedi- 
gree) So. 

i'.ull' Hocks and Eggs, $2. 

T. M. WADE, Lexington, Va. 



COLLIE PUPS 



By Imported Sires Sable and white and trl-. 
colors. Prices. S8 toftS. Older ones correspond- 
ingly low- Book on Training. 50 cents : FREE if 
you buy a Collie. MAPLEMO.N'T STOCK FARM, 
Albany. Vermont. 



408 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



Kentucky 
HEREFORDS 

Headed by the famous 

ACROBAT 

No. 68460 ar.d the celebrated 

IHPORTED BRITISHER 

No. 145096 Champion Bull over all breeds in 
England and Grand Sweepstakes Champion 
at Chicago 1902 Live Stock Exposition. 

We can furnish buyers with anything they 
wish from the FANCIEST THAT CAN BE 
BRED to the cheaper class usually desired by 
the beginner. Write us before buying. Glad 
to answer inquiries. 

Giltner Bros., Eminence, Ky. 

Hereford Gattl 

A number of voting Kegistered 

HEREFORD Bulls and Heifers, 

not akin, at reasonable prices' 

STONEHURST FRUIT AND STOCK FARM, 

Union Mills, Fluvanna Co., Va 

FOR SALE 
8 Reg. HEREFORD BULLS 

Prom 6 mos. to 3 yrs old 

8 Reg. HEIFERS 

From 6 to 18 mos.old. At reasonable prices 
HAYFIELDS STOCK FARM, Cockeysvil le, Md. 

ELLERSL1E FARM^- 
Tkoroxjghbred Horses 

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE, 

Pure Southdown Sheep 
and Berkshire Pig*. 

Fo« Sale R. J. HANCOCK & SON, 
Charlottesville, Va. 

COOK'SCREEK HERD 

Scotch-Topped 
Shorthorns ^ 

Herd Headed by Governor Tyler, 1585 48. 
loung Bulls for sale. Inspection and corres- 
pondence invited. 

HEATWOLE & SUTER, Da le Enterprise, Va. 
EAST RIVER SIDE 

SHORTHORNS 

FOR SALE 

Two Red Heifer Calves to be 
shipped about May 1st. 
Address 




JAMES F. CLEMMER, 



Summerdean, Va. 



SHORTHORNS 

FOR SALE. 

The Red and White Bull Calf Westover 
13,8579; Roan Cow Dina, ' years old, out 
Ot Red Jacket; also 10 months old Bull, to be 
registered if deMrtd. I am now booking orders 
foj Poland-China pigs for October delivery. 
Inspection of stock invited. 
J. H. BOELTE, Redfield Stock Farm. 
News Ferry, Va. 



DRIED BLOOD MEAL. 
As it is true that "the blood is the 
life" of the animal, it should be ap- 
parent that Armour & Co.'s Dried 
Blood Meal, advertised elsewhere in 
this issue, mut furnish a most valuable 
adjunct to the ordinary rations of 
farm animals and poultry. Contain- 
ing, as it does, some 37 per cent, of 
digestible protein — eight times as 
much of it as is found in an average 
sample of oats — its chief value lies 
in the fact that but a small quantity 
of it is required to balance a ration 
composed largely of such starchy 
foods as corn, hay and corn fodder. It 
is protein that young growing ani- 
mals most require, but that ingre- 
dient of food is most difficult to pro- 
vide in immediately available form. 
It is lack of protein that causes many 
common and fatal or detrimental ail- 
ments among farm stock. Among 
these may be mentioned scours in 
calves and other young animals; abor- 
tion from incomplete nutrition of the 
foetus; rickets or softening of the 
bones; paralysis of the hind quarters 
in pigs; goitre in lambs; bloodlessness 
in growing, working or pregnant ani- 
mals, and a host of other ailments. 
Dried blood meal, considering its re- 
markable richness in protein, is cheap 
and in concentrated form. It will keep 
poultry healthy and make hens lay. 
We advise our readers to write the 
Arm for their booklets giving full in- 
formation regarding its properties and 
uses. 



ANGUS CATTLE FOR SALE! 

AT A BArVGAIN. 




High-Grade and Registered Angus] 
Cattle: all ages of males and females. 
Get our prices before you purchase. 
We can save you money. 

One Very Fine Dark-Gray Horse, 16 J 
hands, weighs 1,125. He is very' 
stylish, quick and active. A splendid 
driver, well broken in single and ' 
double harness and a fast mover. He 
is cheap at our price, $200.00. 

W. M. WATKINS & SONS, 
Randolph, Va. 
Charlotte county. 



A BEAUTIFUL CALENDAR. 

The Piano Division of the Interna- 
tional Harvester Co.. Chicago, sends 
us a very beautiful calendar, the de- 
sign of which is executed by Mr. 
George Ford Morris, one of the best 
animal artists in this country. This 
is certainly a very attractive piece of 
advertising and is fit to adorn the 
walls of any library or office. We have 
also received the annual catalogue de- 
scriptive of the Piano machinery. 
Like the calendar and all other ad- 
vertising matter emanating from their 
offices, it is especially attractive. It is 
illustrated with pen sketches of farm 
life in different parts of the world and 
small photographs of actual field 
scenes on almost every page. 

We certainly advise all of our read- 
ers to send for both the catalogue and 
calendar, as each is a work of art, in- 
dependent of being good advertising of. 
the concern they represent. 



ABERDEEN-ANGUS BULLS FOR SALE. 

1. My Herd Bull, ROCKBRIDGE ABAC- 
TOR, No. 40364, 3 yrs. old Dec. 2d last; $460. 

2. A Bull Calf, born Dec. 20th; sired by the 
above "Abactor"; dam, "Pride of Potomac"; 
No. 42607; $100. 

3. A Bull Calf, born Dec. 12th; sired by 
the above "Abactor"; dam, a thoroughbred 
Angus Cow bred by the late William A. Ruff. 
Fure breeding can be shown for this calf, 
but being out of an unrecorded dam he can- 
not be registered; $50. 

None of these will be sold until October, 
and should the calves at that tife not prove 
to be good specimens of the breed they will 
be withdrawn from sale. 

B. F. DAY, Glasgow, Va. 



MONTEBELLO HERD OF 

Aberdeen-Angus Cattle. 

3 Reg. Bull Calves for sale. Ages, 8, 4 and 3 
months; 

1 Thoroughbred (not entitled to registration), 
male, 2 months old. 

BERKSHIRE PIGS of Biltmore Strain. 

L. H. G"AY, LOCK BOX 58. OBtNSE, VA. 






WHALE OIL SOAP. 

Mr. James Good, of Philadelphia, 
who has been a regular advertiser of 
ours for years, has some circulars de- 
scribing his Caustic Potash Whale Oil 
Soap, No. 3. This soap is specially 
recommended for the control of the 
San Jose scale, as well as other insects. 

Mr. Good will very cheerfully mail 
this circular or give other information 
to all nurserymen and orchardists who 
are interested. 



SHORTHORN 3 to 10 mos. ©id 

FOR SALE. 

Close descendants of the World's Fair greatest 
winners in 1893. and also up to the present time. 
Special Offer:— a 1-year old Roan Bull Calf at 
$76 if taken soon. 

Poland-China Pigs of the best and most fash- 
ionable breeding. Spring Pigs now ready. 
Pedigree furnished with ail stock sold. Come 
or write. 

WM, T. THRASHER, Springwood, Va. 



WE WILL EXCHANGE A 

Reg. SHORTHORN 

(Durham) Bull. 2 years old, well bred, for bull 
of same breed to avoid inbreeding We ref-rto 
former owner, Mr. R. L. Owen, of Lexington, 
Va. Address, 

OCCONEECHEE FARM, Durham, N. C. 



AMPflDA On ATO are handsome, hardy and 
AiluUnA UUA I O profitable For large cir- 
cular address E. W. COLE & CO., Big Clifty, Ky. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



40!) 



V.P.I. 

Farm Bulletin 

Our Jersey Herd Bull for sale— PEDRO'S 
VIRGINIUS, 45919, grandson of Pedro, 3187, 
and of Marjoram Second, 12805, both of 
World's Fair fame. The Bull offered has 
been used in our herd for several years, and 
is sold to prevent in-breeding. Price low, 
quality considered. 

D. 0. NQURSE, Prof, of Agr. 
Blacksburg, Va. 

Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm 



■ y f- ffl flMftuffffjir 



Has for sale a large num 
ber of nice young regis- 
tered A. J. C. C. 

JERSEY BULLS 
AND HEIFERS. 

None better bred in the South. Combining 
closely the most noted and up-to-date blood 
in America. Bulls 10 to 12 months old, $25; 
Heifers, same age, $35. POLAND CHINA 
PIGS, $5 each. Send check and get what 
you want. 

T. P. BRASWELL, Prop.' Battleboro, N. C. 

REGISTERED JERSEY BULLS F0R SA1 - E 

AT A BARGAIN. 

Calves 1 and 2 yr. olds; also 
EGGS FOR HATCHINC, W. & B. P. Rocks, 
W. & B. Leghorns, and S L. Wyan- 
dottes, 75 cents for 15. 

J. B. JOHNSON, Manassas, Va. 
"Clover Hill Farm." 

ST. OMER HERD 

Offers young bulls fit for service, out of 
tested dams with good yearly records. Strong 
in Exile of St. L., King of St. L. and Stoke 
Pogis of Prospect. Reasonable prices. 

JOS. T. HOOPES, Bynum, Md. 

WANTED— Pair Pure Bred PERCHERON 
and CLYDESDALE Brood Mares; DTJROC 
Boar and Sows; one SHROPSHIRE, SOUTH- 
DOWN and LINCOLN Ram and five Ewes. 
Address STOCK, care Southern Planter, with 
prices and particulars. 

Don't Like Cheap Stuff No How 

Even the best is never too good. You'd 
better buy of Owens. Finest Stock. Prices 
right. DUROC JERSEY, best all purpose 
hog; also POLAND CHINA. B. P. R. Chick- 
ens, M. B. Turkeys, M. P. Ducks. Eggs in 
season. Write, or better still, call and see. 
THE CEDARS WH. G. OWENS, 

P. and S. FARfl. Midlothian, Va. 

150 JACKS, JENNETS 

V and Mules 150 

4?^ i^k Best assortment I ever owned. 

vj H Can suit you exactly. Write 

^^SS^^H for description and prices. 

■ WAlso will sell two Percheron 

V^PNissi^^J Stallions at close figures. 

BAKERS JACK FARM, Lawrence, Ind. ' 



HAVE YOU PAID UP? 
Recently we sent a bill to every sub- 
scriber who is |n arrears for his sub- 
scription. The response was prompt 
and gratifying in the extreme. There 
are some few others who have not yet 
remitted. We would thank these to 
kindly give this very small matter 
their attention at once. The amount 
is small as a separate item, but a few 
hundred such will amount to quite a 
sum. We cannot, at 50 cents a year, 
carry many delinquents. Please let 
us hear from you. 



ANTI-DIRT MILK PAIL. 

Messrs. Hening & Nuckols, whose 
advertisement appears regularly in 
our columns, are offering in this issue 
a very useful device for farmers and 
dairymen in the shape of an anti-dirt 
milk pail. It is a very simple arrange- 
ment, consisting of a block-tin bucket 
with two sets of strainers independent 
of each other. Should any dirt by 
chance get through the outside strain- 
er, the second one underneath is sure 
to catch it. 

This pail also has a device which 
nerates and cools the milk as it runs 
into the bucket. 

Any one interested will receive an 
illustrated circular, together with tes- 
timonials from users, free on applica- 
tion. 



SHORTHORNS AND SOUTHDOWNS 
AT "ELLERSLIB." 
Messrs. R. J. Hancock & Son, of the 
famous "Ellerslie" Stock Farm, have 
their annual offering of Shorthorn Cat- 
tle and Southdown Sheep in another 
column. The Shorthorns consist of 
some choice bulls 3 to 6 months old 
by Fairfax, the splendid grandson of 
Knight of the Thistle. The South- 
downs are rams by the imported War- 
wick, of Kids: Award's S^nrlringham 
flock. All stock in good working con- 
dition, and is being sold at farmers' 
prices. 



A MATTER OF PEDIGREE. 

"Marcus," said Rastus Bivins to his 
son, who had just returned from col- 
lege with a great, bushy head of hair, 
"Marcus, what in the name of com- 
mon sense did you learn at school, 
anyway? You can't saw the wood; you 
won't plough; you won't go to work; 
you won't do nothing but sit around 
here and read. I'm getting tired of it! 
I'm getting tired of it! If you don't 
do something, young man, and that 
pretty soon, I'm going to enter you at 
the State fair in the hog show. That 
hair of yourn might help you some 
there." 

"Don't worry about " - ' " " •" 
said Marcus affectionately. "Don't 
worry about that; I wouldn't take any 
prize, because, you see, I have no 
pedigree." — Silas Xavier Floyd, in Lip- 
pincott's for May. 



R ERKSHIRE S 

ANNEFIELD HERD 

" - Represents the 

Finest Blood Lines 

in England or America. 

Stock for sale at all times. 



Correspondence Solicited. 

Inspection Invited. 



EDW. G. BUTLER, Annefield Farms, 

Briggs, Clarke Co., Va. 



REGISTERED 

BERKSHIRE So 

One 2 yr. old boar; and young stock 
10 wks Both Sexes. 

"Mansfield W. E. HAMMOND, 

Farm." Goochland, C. H. Va. 

CHOICE YOUNG 

BERKSHIRES 

of Both Sexes, for Sale. 

By Highclere Topper of Biltmore II, out of 
Imported Harlene. 

Miniborya Farm, Box 901, Richmond, Va. 



HAWKSLEY STOCK FARM. 

Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES 
B. P. ROCKS FOWLS, 

Eggs from same, 81 per 13. 
J. T. OLIVER, Allen's Level, Va. 



FOR SilLE. 

Large English Berkshire Hogs, 
Barred Plymou h Rock Chickens 

BEN. BOLT, 60747, 430 lbs. as a yearling at 
head of herd. ft-3*EGGS IN SEASON. 
JOHN P. FOSTER, Nocreek, Ohio Co., Ky. 



ESSEX PIGS— FOR SALE. 




Some fine Pigs, from 
Registered Stoc , not 
mated, at $10.00 per pair, 
crated F. O. B. 8 to 10 
weeks old. Your orders 
solicited. 

JONES, Bethania, N. C. 



Registered Jk&'KS 

C. Whites. Fine large 

strains. All ages, mated 

not a in, 8 week, pigs. 

Bred sows. Service boars 

and Poultry. Write for prices and free circular. 

P. F. HAMILTON, Cochranville, Chester Co., P:'. 




Mention the Southern Planter ia 
writing. 



410 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



[June 



LEGHORN POULTRY YARDS 




Have for sale a limited number of Single 
Comb Brown and White Leghorn Pullets and 
Roosters. Best layers known. Prize-winning 
stock. Price, $1 to $1.50 each. Eggs in season 
at ?1 for 16; $5 per 100. Satisfaction guarau- 
tcccl Address 

A. T. MATTHEWS, Box 36, Parksley, Va. 



EGGS EGGS EGGS 

That will hatch out Dollars. Not real dol- 
lars, but Turkey sand Chicken soft he best strains 
in this country, which will net the owner more 
real dollars of profit than any others. I handle 
" Nothing but the Best " in niy line. My prices 
are higher than some others, but the quality 
more than makesthedifference. National strain 
Mammoth Bronze Turkevs, sitting 13, 82 Nat- 
ional strain, Barred Plymouth Rock Chicken*, 
sitting, 15.81.50. 

PIEDMONT POULTRY PLACE, 
Miss E. Callie Giles, Prop. Whittle's Depot, Va. 

SHADOW - BROOK - POULTRY - YARDS. 

CPPC FOR HATCHING. B. P. Rock Eggs, $1 
LuUO per 30. lekin Duck Eggs, 81 per 20. 

Pedigreed Scotch Collie Pups, 85 each. Train- 
ed yearling Collies, 810 

A sure home reme ly for chicken cholera and 
roup, 25c. each. Also a certain exterminator of 
cabbage and currant worms and potato bugs, 25c 
Both are inexpensive, safe and sure. 

C. H. BENNETT. Go odman. Va. 

BROWN LEGHORNS 

[ROSE COflB.] 

"The Celebrated Maryland Sirain." Prize 
Winners. Eggs, 81 00 per 15: 85.50 per hundred. 



JOHN P. MAYS, 



Glencoe Maryland. 



FINE 1 ILLUS- 
TRATED CAT- 
ALOG UE for 
stamp, if you 
mention this 
paper. All 



32 Varieties 
Best Poultry 

poultry keepers should have it. 

]N0. E. HEATWOLE, Harris onburg, Va. 

SILVER WYANDOTTES 

EXCLUSIVELY. 

Famous "Blue Grass" Strain; none finer, 
'•tgs, $1 per 13; $2 per 30. 22 years a breeder 
bnd shipper. 

S. P. YODER, Denbigh, Va. 



GOOD ROADS. 

A FARMER'S COMPLAINT. 

Good roads are what we need, and 

need 'em bad; 
In this there is no greed, yet 'tis sad 
To see the towns get all the plums 
While we get only crumbs. 

There's riches in good roads did towns 

but know it; 
We farmers then could send great loads 

of produce there to store it; 
An' yet we're denied this one boon — 

good roads — 
They'll repent, ah, soon! 

Mud bottoms, they say, are good 

enough for us; 
"No State tax — the town can pay for 

roads. 
A trust is what you need. 
Buy up all the good roads and then be 

rich — you greed!" 

Thank you, we're not a speculator — 

we'll wait awhile — 
Kind nature sends the mud, and later, 

we'll see you smile — 
A sickly smile, when you behold our 

grain and produce 
Pass by your door, and sold. 

April 1, 1903. E. C. M. 



MR. PUCK'S ORGY. 

Mr. Caleb Hicks, of Bowman's 
"Crick," a settlement not many miles 
from Wilkesbarre, Pa., had a novel 
experience during Christmas week. 

Though Mr. Hicks had toiled on his 
farm till he had reached the ripe age 
of 62 years, he had never been so far 
away from home as Wilkesbarre. 
Having disposed of his fall crop of 
turkeys most advantageously, and be- 
lieving himself to have attained years 
of discretion, he decided to drive to 
town and make a day of it. Since his 
return he has had much to say of the 
sights he saw in the city, but perhaps 
none of his adventures proved quite so 
thrilling as his visit to the theatre. 

"I found out about the the-a-tre," 
says Mr. Hicks, "and I follored a 
crowd goin' in. They charged me 75 
cents fer a seat — 75 cents, mind you. 
Well, 1 paid it, for I didn't want to git 
into no dispute, and they took me in 
and set me down in a velvet chair. 
There in front of me was the biggest 
picture I ever see, and the best, by 
jingo! A oil painting it was, bigger 
than two double barn doors. I set an"* 
admired it awhile, and pretty soon a 
lot of fiddlers came in and began to 
play. There must have been a dozen 
of 'em. They all played at the same 
time. Made good music, too, darned 
if they didn't! Never see fellers keep 
together so well as they did. They 
played several tunes; none of 'em I 
ever heard before, but 'twas good, 
lively music. 

"First thing I knew the big picture 
began to roll up, darned if it didn't! 
Went clean up to the ceiling on a pole. 
Then some people came out and began 
talking to each other. They didn't 



Little Chicks 

thrive when fed on our 
^BABY CHICK FOOD. 

A perfect balanced food. Send for free 
sample and our large illustrated catalog 
of POULTRY^SUPPLIES, 

INCUBATORSiandJ 

BROODERS. 

FANCIERS' SUPPLY CO., 

517-519 West Broad St., 

Richmond, Va. 

EVERYTHING FOR THE FANCIER. 



i 



White Plymouth Rock 



Eggs during June and July, 13 for 
75c: 30 for $1.50. No White Hol- 
land Turkev eggs for sale after 
June 10th. 



JOHN A 



CLARK, 



Shirley, Va- 



TED! 



ALL KINDS OF 

LIVE Wl D BIRDS AND ANIMALS 

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White 

Squirrels, Ducks, Swans, Ktc. 

CECIL FRENCH, 

718 Twelfth St. N. W., Washington, D. C. 



BARRED and BUFF 

PLYMOUTH = ROCKS 

AT HALF PRICE. 

FRED NUSSEY -SUMMIT, Spots, Co., Va. 



White Leghorns. 

Egg Record— 2,213 eggs In one year 
from eighteen hens. 
Eggs, $2 per 15; $5 per 60. 

Write for circular to-day. 
C. G. M. FINK, 1409 W. Leigh St., Richmond, Va. 



BARRED P. ROCKS and 
S. C. B. LEGHORNS. 

15 eggs, $1 00; 30, $1.75. 
Pekin Ducks-H eggs, $1; 22 $1.75. 
Bargains in Incubators, Organs and Pianos. 
Satisfaction guaranteed. Rev. J. W. HECKMAN, 
Spottsylvania, Va. 



• %-WHITE MINORCAS.%» 

The best of layers, big true Minorca shape birds 
that win everywhere. They will please you. 

Eggs reduced prices now. Catalog free. 
F. S. Bvillington, Box P, Richm'd, "Va 



Aryshires, Berkshires and Oxford-Downs. 

Ayrshire Calves of both sexes, Berkshire 
Pigs and Boar and 2 Oxford- Down Rams for 
side. MELROSE CASTLE FARM, 

Enos H. Hess, Manager, Casanova, Va. 



WHITE YORKSHIRE 

Pigs entitled to registration, For Sale. 
Henry H. Clarke, "Chantilly," 

Broad Street Road, Richmond, Va. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



411 



talk about anything I was interested 
in, so I got up and came home. But, 
by jingo! that the-a-tre was a great 
place, and I'm going to kick over the 
traces again some day and go back." — 
Caboline Lockhakt (Slzette), in 
May Lippincott's Magazine. 



THE SCHOOL-BOY OF 1903. 

"Tommy, have you been vacci- 
nated?" 

"Yes, ma'am." 

"Have you had your vermiform ap- 
pendix removed?" 

"Yes, ma'am." 

"Do you use sterilized milk?", 

"Yes, ma'am." 

"Is your home connected with the 
city sewer?" 

"Yes, ma'am." 

"Have you shed all your milk- 
teeth?" 

"All but one." 

"Have you a certificate of inocula- 
tion for the croup, chicken-pox and 
measles?" 

"Yes, ma'am." 

"Is your lunch put up in Dr. Koch's 
patent antiseptic dinner-pail?" 

"Yes, ma'am." 

"Have you your own sanitary slate- 
rag and disinfected drinking-cup?" 

"Yes, ma'am." 

"Do you wear a camphor-bag around 
your throat, a collapsible life-belt, and 
have you insulated rubber heels on 
your shoes for crossing the trolley- 
line?" 

"All of these." 

"Have you a pasteurized certificate 
of baptism?" 

"Yes, ma'am." 

"And a life-insurance non-forfeitable 
policy against all the encroachments 
of old age?" 

"Yes, ma'am." 

"Then you may hang your cap on 
the insulated peg set opposite your 
distinguishing number, climb into your 
seat and proceed to learn along sani- 
tary lines." — Judge. 

SCOTCH SENSE. 

An Englishman and a Scotchman 
were disputing over the relative 
merits of Shakespeare and Burns. 

"And ye say, do ye, thot Billy 
Shakespeare was a greater mon than 
Robbie Burns?" . , 

"Yes, I do; hans hevery Hinglish- 
man knows hit." 

"But ye say thot it was Shakespeare 
who said, 'Uneasy lies the head thot 
wears a croon.' " 

"Certainly hit was Shakespeare. 
Robbie Burns could never 'ave said 
that." 

"Noo, noo; Robbie Burns would 
never hae said thot; he had ower 
muckle sense to say a thing like thot." 

"Ower muckle sense, man! What 
do you mean?" 

"Yis, yis; Robbie Burns would hae 
kent that on'y king would hae ta'en 
his croon off and hoong it on the back 
of the chair before lying doon. You 
forget thot Robbie was a Scotchman." 
— Tit-Bits. 



ARMOUR'S BLOOD MEAL TJT 

First proved by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, and since 

corroborated by thousands of leading stockmen who have used it without 

a single failure. Equally effective for the diarrhea of all animals. 

PREVENTS weak bones, paralysis of the hind legs and "thumps" 

in pigs; "big head" of foals; "rickets" of all young animals; 

abortion due to incomplete nutrition, and a host of other troubles. 

A Potent Food for Work Horses, Dairy Cows, Poultry. 

Write us for booklet giving valuable information about Blood Meal and our 
other feeding products. Consult us free of charge regarding stock diseases. 

THE ARMOUR FERTILIZER WORKS, 

Chicago. Omaha. Baltimore. Atlanta. Jacksonville. 



c < 



ELLERSLIE 



i > 



Red Bulls from 3 to 6 mos. old, all by 
Tairfax (very handsome red bull) by 
Knight of The Clifton; out of registered 
cows which have been selected for milk- 
ing as well as beef purposes. 
1 and 2 yr old rams by Warwick, im- 
ported from the Saudringham hock of 
KING EDWARD VII, out of ewes from 
the celebrated DRUID HILL PARK 
(Baltimore flock ) These are unregister- 
ed but are first class in every respect. 

REMEMBER.— We do not ask fancy, but farmers' prices. 

Our stock is not iu show ring but working condition. 

R. J. Hancock & Son, Chariottesvuie, va. 



SHORTHORNS 
S00THD0W 





BERKSHIRES. 



Imported Sir John Bull, No. 3609— B. H. B. 
Imported Dansfield Roland, No. 60528— B. H. B. 
Imported Columbia, No. 60527— B. H. B. 
Imported Royal Carlisle, No. 4841— B. H. B. 
And that Immensely Princely Hog 
Uncle Sam, No. 7233 llrP tQe sires of m > T Spring and Summer offerings of 
pigs. Does this list of Royalty suit your fancy? They represent the most famous 
Berkshire breeders of England. Fancy stock, moderate price 

Hunting Dogs lincl P U PS for sale. Setter pups, $5.00 each. 
Short Horn (Durham Cattle) for sale. Write for particulars. 

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, Lexington, Va. 



HILL TOP STOCK FARM. 

Berkshire Hogs and South- 




Down Sheep 

A SPECIALTY. 

S. Brown Allen, who succeeds H. A s. 
Hamilton & Co in the ownership and man- 
agement of this celebrated Stock Farm, oilers a few Berkshire Pigs that have 
been bred without regard to cost, ami one and two vear old 

SOUTHDOWN BUCKS, 

that cannot be excelled in this country. We have swept preiniums on this stock 
over all competitors at Fairs in this and adjoining States 

S. BROWN ALLEN, Staunton, Virginia, (Successor to H A. S. Hamilton* Co.) 



When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the 
Southern Planter. 



412 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



CHESAPEAKE & OHIO RAILWAY. 

2,000-mile tickets discontinued. On 
and after June 1st, 2,000-mile tickets 
will be withdrawn from sale and re- 
placed by the 1,000-mile refund inter- 
changeable tickets heretofore an- 
nounced. 



ENGINES AND SEPARATORS 

The Farquhar threshing machinery is the perfected product of the pioneer mfinufncturers of 
Grain Separators and ThreaMng Engines. It's the most durable and cheapest thresh* 
ing outfit a farmer can buy. The Celebrated Ajax Threshiny KngineH, made in 
sizes from 4h. p. up, have seats, foot brakes, and two injectors. Provided with every approved 
safety appliance. Farquhar Separators have every advan- 
tage of capacity, thoroughness of separation, simplicity and 
durability. Every part thoroughly tested. Made in 
styles and sizes. Send for free catalogue of Engines, 
Threshing Machinery, Saw Mills, etc. 



PAT'S FIRST THOUGHT. • 
Back in the good old days when 
nerves and railroads were little known, 
an old stage-road ran from Lake Cham- 
plain to Ogdensburg, N. Y., passing 
through the little town of Sodom. This 
village nestled in a valley between 
two great hills, over which the white 
ribbon of the road wound steeply. 

Upon one of the trips of the stage 
the regular driver, who had been at 
home for some weeks recovering from 
an illness, was riding inside while the 
red-haired, mild-featured, big-boned 
Irishman acting as his substitute oc- 
cupied the driver's seat upon the box. 
The day was a beautiful one and the 
passengers were enjoying their drive 
keenly, their appetites increasing as 
the distance lessened between them 
and the town of Sodom with its pro- 
mised pause for refreshment. 

Suddenly, as the heavy stage lum- 
bered over the brow of the hill, down 
which the road plunged at a sharp 
angle, running through the little town 
at its foot and ascending the hill be- 
yond, the passengers became conscious 
that their pace had been recklessly in- 
creased. Faster and faster they went, 
dashing down the hill at a rate rapidly 
becoming a furious one. Trees and 
bushes at last became but a dizzying 
blur along the road. All clung to the 
reeling stage and held their breath in 
terror, while on the stage raced, down 
the hill with ever-increasing speed, 
into the town, past the hostelry with 
the waiting host left standing in amaze 
at the door, past the post-office without 
pause and out upon the road leading 
up the face of the hill beyond. There 
the pace slackened and as the incline 
grew more steep, at last the smoking 
horses came to a standstill. With one 
accord the dazed passengers tumbled 
out and surrounded the driver, who 
now stood at the head of his reeking 
leaders. 

"What is it, Pat? What is it? Did 
they get away from you?'' came the 
breathless questions. 

"Nope," replied Pat with a set face, 
"it wor that," pointing grimly before 
him. There lay the stage-tongue drag- 
ging uselessly on the ground at the 
heels of the horses and completely 
severed from the coach. At a glance 
the regular driver comprehended the 
meaning of the danger to which the 
passengers of that stage, deprived of 
its sole means of guidance, had been 
exposed, and, realizing the miracle of 
their escape, he turned sick and fainted 
where he stood. 

Later, back at the inn, when the 
excitement had somewhat subsided 
and fresh horses were being put to the 




A. B. Farquhar Co., 
York, Pa. 




x 



ClSMONT DORSETS 



CISMONT STOCK FARM offers well developed young 
Dorsets of the best blood of England and America. 



X 



X 



X Prices Reasonable. 

X. 



G. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va. X 



We Are Still in the Business. 



"HILL TOP" Stock at Shadwell, Va. 

Having changed our residence, we brought with us and have for 

sale a choice lot of HILL TOP stock. 

Jersey Cattle, Southdown and Shropshire Sheep, 

Berkshire Hogs and B. B. R. Game Chickens. 

Our Berkshire Pigs are now closely sold up, but we will have a fine lotready to ship 
by September 1st. We will be glad to serve our old friends and are always glad to 
make new ones. „ . 

We have won more premiums on sheep and hogs at State and County *airs 
than all other breeders in Virginia combined. 

H. A. S. HAMILTON & SONS. Shadwell, Va. 



EGGS FOR HATCHING 

[From Fowls of High Merit, Fresh, and a Good Hatch 
Guaranteed of the following varieties : — 

PLYMOUTH ROCKS, BROWN LEGHORNS, WHITE 

LEGHORNSand PEKIN DUCKS at $1.00 per sittinglof 15 

BRONZE TURKEY EGGS, $3.00 per dozen. 

Jersey and* Guernsey Cattle and Berkshire Pigs. Four handsome 
^Great Danes and three Fox Terrier Puppies. 

M. B. ROWE & CO., - Fredericksburg, Va 

INCUBATORS ON 30 DAYS' TRIAL. THE WORLD'S BEST STANDARD HATCHER. 

Thousands of these incubators are in successful 
operation in the United States, Canada, South 
Africa, New Zealand, Sweden, England. Holland, 
and i.ermany These machines operate to perfec- 
tion and alwavs bring off a laige brood of strong, 

i 14.1 _i-l„l__ rf-»_*„1^™.,« ...itV. *\ill norllnnlavu 




Free for the asking. The 



lion anu Kiwavs onus l, u ™ i» J e*= " lu " u v » .?nvu & , — 

healthy chicks. Catalogue with full particulars 
Standard P. C. Incubator Co., Dept. 5, Kochestcr, N. Y., U 




8. A. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



413 



repaired coach, some one turned to Pat 
and asked: 

"Pat, what was your first thought 
when the pole dropped?" 

'well, sor," he answered, settling 
the quid more comfortably in his 
cheek, "me furst thought wor, 'Lord, 
ha' mercy on our sowls!' Thin thinks 
I to nieself, 'Damn a horse that can't 
outrun a wagon!' and I licked the 
poor divils all th' way down the hill!" 
— Evelyn Currier, in June Lippincott's 
Magazine. 



We will return your money if after using 



Ghloro-Naphtholeum Dip 



In accordance with directions, you can say It hasn't killed the Lice on your stock, and 

cured the Mange, Itch, Scabs and Ticks. Try it and you'll never do without it. Booklet 

free. Worth its weight in gold. Trial gallon sent prepaid upon receipt of SI .f>0 — by your dealer or 

Agents Wanted. WEST DISINFECTING CO., Inc., 30 East 59th St ., New Vork. 



** 



The OctlsLss" Herd 



VIRGINIA AT THE ST. LOUIS EX- 
POSITION. 
Editor Southern Planter, Richmond, 
Va.: 
Dear Sir, — As you are aware, the 
State has made an appropriation for 
exposition purposes at St. Louis for 
next year, and this Commission is de- 
sirous that Virginia should make as 
fine a showing as possible in the va- 
rious departments. We believe that 
this offers great opportunities for the 
advertisement of Virginia's agricultu- 
ral resources, and to illustrate this to 
the world we would appeal through 
your columns to the farmers of this 
Commonwealth, to give us their cordial 
support by devoting especial attention 
and culture to some portion of such 
crop or crops as their sections may be 
particularly adapted to, and thus try to 
produce exceptionally fine samples to 
furnish this Commission for exposition 
purposes. These articles will be trans- 
ported and exhibited without further 
expense lo the grower, and full credit 
will be given to the producer on the 
label attached at time of exhibition. 
This will give a wide advertisement 
for any products which may be for sale, 
and offers a splendid advertisement of 
the advantages of Virginia real estate 
to prospective settlers. 

I will deem it a great favor if any 
parties who will be willing to co-ope- 
rate with me in this work, will give me 
notice by letter and I will aid them in 
every way possible to make eheir pro- 
ducts beneficial both as an advertise- 
ment for themselves and for the State. 
G. E. Mtjrbeix, Supt. 
Office, third floor, Capitol Building. 



OFFERS 

FOR 
-SALE- 



2 Registered SHORTHORN COWS, 

2 Registered MORGAN COLTS, and a few 

good yearling SHROPSHIRE RAMS. 

B. B. BUCHANAN, Bedford City, Va, 



We positively guarantee to breed 
and ship the VERY BE6T straioa of 
thoroughbred registered LARGE 
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE 

Hogs for LESS MONEY than any other 
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our 
stock considered. Send us your order 
and we will satisfy you both in price 
and stock. WALTER B. FLEMING, 

Proprietor of the Bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warrenton, N. C. 




Reg. H O L S T E I N-F R I E S IA N 

CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje 

and Artis families. Heavy milkers aud rich in butter 

fat. Stock of all ages for sale. 

Reg. BERKSHIRES 



From noted strains, Imported Headlight, Lord 
-Highclere and Sunrise. 



DORSET SHEEP^ 



B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS, 



N. & W. and Southern R. R. 



T. O. SANDY, Burkeville, Va. 



CLASSIFIED. 
During an encampment of the Na- 
tional Guard of Pennsylvania at Mount 
Gretna several years ago a party of 
officers went out for a stroll, and hap- 
pening to pass a farm-house near the 
encampment grounds, one of them 
suggested stopping in for a glass of 
milk. On going inside the yard they 
were met by the farmer's daughter, 
who brought forth a can of buttermilk 
and some tumblers, saying: "This is 
the only kind of milk we have." 

After each of the party had taken a 
,1rink, one of them remarked: "By 
George, that's fine; can you let us have 
some more?" 

The lass replied: "Oh, yes, take all 
you want; we feed it to the pigs, any- 
way." — Philadelphia Times. 



LARGE YORKSHIRE HOGS. 

The Ideal Bacon Breed, 

The Pork-Packers Breed, 

The Most Prolific Breed, 

The Most Profitable 

We have four litters of this popular breed, which will 
be ready for shipment in May. Bred from the best im- 
ported stock. We have never seen better pigs. 

Send for circular and prices. Address — 

BOWMONT FARMS, Salem, Virginia. 



Breed. 



YEARS SELLING DIRECT 

We are the largest manufacturers of 
Vehicles and Harness in the world 
selling to consumers exclusively. 
WE HAVE NO AGENTS 
but ship anywhere for examina- 
tion, puaranteeing safe deliv- 
ery. You are out nothing: if not 
satisfied. We make 195 styles of 
vehicles and 65 styles harness. 

Visitors are always welcome 
at oar factory. 

Larg, Catalogs FREE. Ko - 544— Light Stanhope. 

Send for it. 

ELKHART CARRIAGE 44 HARNESS MFG, CO., Elkhart, Ind, 

■ ■!!■ 1 





. 331— Surrey. Price $68. 
3 good as sells for $40 more. 



Price $58.50. 
As good as sells for $35 more. 



414 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



THE WELCOME AT THE DOOR. 

There is a home I visit sometimes 
which has a special charm. The mis- 
tress, who answers your ring, is blind, 
but before you can say a word, with 
beaming face she cries, "How glad I 
am to see you!" No matter how inop- 
portune the call may be, it is always 
with radiant delight and cordial words 
that every one is greeted. 

I wondered about it — how it could 
always be the same welcome, for I 
knew there were domestic whirlwinds 
that upset her work and plans just like 
in other homes. I somehow concluded 
that it was her special gift, one of her 
compensations, and so settled the 
matter. Later, this same subject of 
the welcome or unwelcome guest, and 
treatment thereof, coming up in a little 
circle of friends, I was interested to 
find my friend quoting her mother, and 
then I found the solution. Her mother 
had taught her that no matter how 
the unexpected guest may find you, 
unprepared in every way, let your first 
welcome be generous and instant. Let 
no thought pantry-ward make your 
greeting constrained or apologetic. 

Give the cordial gretting that cannot 
be forgotten, and the responsive glow 
in the heart of the guest will gild de- 
ficiencies # which may afterward ap- 
pear; but no after effort can make a 
guest forget a chill and constrained 
welcome at the door. This little word 
has been of service to me, so I give to 
others. — Ladies' Home Journal. 



A RAILROAD SWITCHMAN AT A 
REVIVAL MEETING. 

"Stop! you there making for the 
door! Don't you know the Lord is 
calling you and that you are running 
away from Him? Don't you know 
that you are going straight to hell?" 

Putz was working on a limited 
schedule now and there was not much 
time to spare, but he could not resist 
the temptation of having one pass at 
him, so he stopped and faced around. 
As he did so he became conscious that 
every eye in the church was on him. 
Putz didn't often get the centre of the 
stage, and the novelty of the thing 
pleased him greatly, it was such a con- 
trast to his old accustomed place in 
the back row of the chorus. Raising 
his voice so as to reach the least seats 
in the gallery, he replied: 

"Number Six is calling me, too. 
Didn't you hear her? If I don't get 
down there and set that switch for 
Number Six a whole train-load of peo- 
ple will go to hell. Looks like hell's 
up to me both ways. Guess I'll set the 
switch. Good-bye, Doc." Having de- 




GREENSBORO, N.C. 



For the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE did 
other Drug Addiction!. The Toibacca Habit, Nerve Exhaustion 



mmU HEBEFORD CH1TLE. 

Service Bulls ; Imported Salisbury 76059 (19083). Lars Jr. 85297. 

FOR SALE — A choice lot of bull calves andyearling bulls. The bull calves sold recently 
weighed 600 lbs. at 6 mos old. Call and make your own selection. Prices right. 

MURRAY BOOCOCK, Owners, Keswick, Va. 



■• I " M " 1 1 I M " 1 .. M .. 1 .. i .. i .. i .. i .. i .. 1 .. i .. ! .. i .. i .. i .. m ..i.. m i , i , i „ i ., i ,. i ., i ., H " I " H " H "I"I"1 M ■I- I - I -I—I- 

: S BSE.:?© CRD CATTLE: 

Annefield Herd Richly bred in " Anxiety " Blood and Headed 
! by the Sweepstakes Winner at Kansas City 1901, 

PRINCE RUPERT No. 79539. 

I FEE, $25.00 FOR THE SEASON OF 1903. 



Correspondence Solicited. 
ANNEFIELD FARMS, 



Inspection Invited. 
Briggs, Clarke Co., Va. 



^> I -> I "X" I " I — I ~ I ~ Z -> I " I ~ 



~i~ I "I" I " I" I"I"I"I" I " I "I" I - T " T " T .- T. T .. t - f .. T .. t-T .. T-T - 7 .. T - I»T - T . T .. t .. T - T .. T"T»t - T - T .- 



^EeBESggsBsassasaEeFegseaBsg ajJuu^ t ■ i ,. 1 Ajas eqa 



T$ 



Bacon Hall Farm. 

Hereford registered Cattle 

"TOP" BREEDING, CALVES NOT AKIN. 
MOTTO — Satisfaction or no sale. 



E. M. GILLET & SON, 



Glencoe, flaryland. 



E gMM ' g a a jmggseE.Tsg^gaE^ 



y . v yi »| | } \ ) \ 




Grade Calve* by " Sir Ed- 






Hereford cattle —Calves, entitled to registration, $75 to $100. 
ward" 825 to 840. 

Shropshire sheep.— Bucki, one year old and over, 815 to S20. Buck Lambs, July delivery, 
810 to 812. Ewe Lambs, July delivery, 88 and $10. 

Poland-china HOGS.— Pigs, six weeks old, 85. Pigs, two or three months old, $7.50. Figs, 

five month b and over, $15 to $20. 
M. bronze TURKEYS.— Toms, $1. Hens, $3. Eggs, per sitting of 12, when in season, 84. 
MUSOOVY DUCKS.— Pure White Drakes, $1.25. Pure White Ducks, 81. Pairs, $2.25. Trios, $3. 
BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCK8. 

ROUEN QBESE.— Ganders, $2.50. Geese, 82.50. Eggs, per sitting, 83. 

WILLIAM L, Jr., No. 21058, half brother of Axtell, will serve a limited number of mareifor 82* 
the season. Mares boarded at lowest figures per month. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



41.1 



livered himself of which, he departed 
without waiting for further develop- 
ments. The boys told him when they 
came down, after it was all over^ that 
the "old boy" did not get things going 
in good shape any more that night. — 
Montgomery B. Cokse, in May Lippin- 
cott's Magazine. 



TACOMA'S BIG SAW-MILL. 



With One Exception It Is the Largest 
in the World. 



At Tacoma I visited a saw-mill said 
to have a greater capacity than any 
other in the United States, and, with 
one exception (in Norway), the great- 
est in the world. It is, in fact, two 
separate mills, covering a wide, low 
flat with docks on the sound where 
ships oan be loaded at the door of 
the yards. Here the logs from the 
camp which we visited are sawed. They 
are dumped from the railroad cars 
into ponds of water and held until the 
mill is ready to cut them into lumber. 
Mr. Royce showed me through this 
great establishment, with its devices 
for handling the enormous logs of fir 
and cedar, hemlock and spruce, which 
come to it daily. 

Nearly every step in the long pro- 
cess is performed by some human-like 
machine. Logs weighing many tons 
are handled like jack-straws— pulled 
out of the water, whirled over, lifted 
about, gripped, slabbed off, turned 
again easily, and, directed by the swift 
and sure judgment of the expert saw- 
yer, driven through band-saws or 
great gang-saws, cutting twenty boards 
or more at once and finally trimmed to 
certain lengths — everything moving at 
once, smoothly, with an absolute ex- 
actitude. In fifteen minutes from the 
time the log enters the mill it has been 
reduced to lumber of several grades; 
the poor parts have been whittled up 
into lath and shingles, the slabs have 
been shot out on a great pile for fire- 
wood and the remaining bark, sawdust 
and refuse have been carried away to 
the fire heap. This mill cuts iuu.OOO,- 
000 feet of lumber and 90,000,000,000 
shingles a year, and its product goes 
the world over — to Australia, Hawaii, 
China, South Africa, South America 
and Europe. — From Ray Stannard 
Baker's "The Conquest of the Forest" 
in the May Century. 



SHE WAS A BIRD. 

"Amos," sighed Mehitable Scruggs, 
"doesn't the spring bring inspiration 
to your soul?" 

"May be it does, Mehitabel," an- 
swered Amos Medooney. 

"Doesn't it bring to you tender, soul- 
ful, thrilling thoughts when you see 
the little birds making their nests and 
choosing their mates? Doesn't it make 
you think of a nest for yourself and — 
and — and — " 

"Mehitabel!" gasped Amos, reaching 
for her hand, "you've got me up a 
tree." — Judge. 



5t Hlbans 
Scbool 



# 



Situated on a 

Sunk? Headland 

above the 

Banes of New Riveb, 

IN THE 

Blue < (bass Region 
of Virginia 



Prepares Boys 

FOR UNIVERSITY OR 
FOR DUSINESS^^-^-^ 



SEND FOR ANNUAL CATALOGUE, IN WHICH IS 
I'UBLISHED "FLAN OF ST. ALBANS FCII OOL. " 

Address, W. H. RANDOLPH, 

Head Master, 
Eadford, - - - Virginia 



SUNNY HOME HERD OF 

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE. 

BARON ROSEBOY 57666 (The great Westertown Rose, son of the 
world-famous QAY BLACKBIRD; In service. 

The Sire is half the herd. In Baron Roseboy, is combined the typical "dodrty" form with a 
pedigree that cannot be excelled. He is a brother of the great "Gay Lad " (sold at 83050), 
who heads the largest Angus herd east of the Mississippi; is also brother of ■■ Hector of Lakeside " 
at the head of the great Pope River herd of Illinois ; isuncleof the " 10th Laird of Estill " at the 
head of the greatest Angus herd in America. 

On dam's side, Baron Roseboy traces direct to the Imp. Blackbird Bull, " BAfcUTO, " said to b« 
the best Blackbird Bull ever imported. 

The females in the herd are " chips off the same block ". Great bulls, great cows, mean great 
calves. Come and see them, or write 

A. L. FRENCH, Proprietor, Fitzgerald, N. C. 

Rockingham Co , 24 miles southwest of Danville, Va., on D. & W. Ry. 




A WASHING MACHINE is as great a necessity in the house as a wringer 

THE MAJESTIC ROTARY WASHER 

has too many good points for explanation in an ad- 
vertisement. Your name on a postal card will 
bring our booklet, with full particulars of our six 
different machines and how to get them. One of 
them will certainly please you. All are made with 
electrically welded wire hoops sunk in grooves — our 
patent. Being the largest manufacturers of wood- 
enware in the world, we can make better machines 
for the money than any one else. If you want a 
machine that washes, huy one of ours. 

THE RICHMOND CEDAR WORKS, Richmond, Va. 



SLUG SHOT 



Kills Insects on rlelons, Potatoes, 
Cabbage and Flowers. 

SOLD BY SEEDSMEN EVERYWHERE. 

Used 22 Years. 
Send for Free Booklet on Bugs and Blights to 
B. HAMMOND, FISHKILL-ON-HUDSON, NEW YORK. 



416 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[June 



| USES FOR DRY BREAD. 

] (Birdie B. Bates.) 

Bkead CittJMBS.— The scraps of bread 
that cannot he used on the table can be 
placed in the oven and dried or toasted 
•a delicate brown, then rolled very fine 
and placed in a close or air-tight jar. 
When frying pork chops, veal cutlets, 
fish chicken, etc., dip the meat into a 
well-beaten egg, then into the crumbs, 
letting them remain five or ten min- 
utes, then add more egg and more 
crumbs and fry in hot fat. Serve on 
a hot platter, garnished with parsley. 

Eug on Toast.— We have the fried, 
poached and scrambled egg on toast, 
but did you ever try the birds nest? 
The children always enjoy anything 
in this line, so tempt their appetites 
some morning with the following: 
Toast the desired amount and butter 
lightly, placing the pieces of toast on 
a baking pan and drawing aside where 
it will keep hot. Select as many fresh 
eggs as you have pieces of toast and 
separate the whites from ^° yolks. 
Beat the whites to a stiff foam and 
salt lightly. When I say stiff, I mean 
that the foam should stand alone. 
Now place a spoonful of the beaten 
white on each piece of toast, arrange 
a round space in the center and place 
the unbroken yolk in it. Add small 
bits of butter, salt and pepper and 
place in a hot oven until the egg is 
cooked as desired. Serve hot. 

Cbkam Toast. — Toast small pieces of 
bread to a nice brown and arrange in 
individual sauce-dishes. Take one 
quart of milk and heat to the boiling- 
point in a double boiler; when just at 
the boiling point add a well-beaten egg 
that has had a little cold milk added 
to it. Salt and pepper to taste and add 
two tablespoonfuls of sugar. In a 
small saucepan place one tablespoonful 
of butter and when melted stir in one 
tablespoonful of flour. When all the 
starch grains of the flour are broken 
add the hot milk, let boil once, then 
pour over toast and serve. 

Ckoutons. — Many people prefer 
croutons rather than crackers with 
soup. They are very appetizing and 
easily prepared. Take bread that is 
stale enough to toast nicely, cut into 
medium slices, butter lightly, cut into 
strips or squares and place in a quick 
oven and toast. Some prefer them of 
stale bread cut into cubes or squares, 
then dropped into hot fat and browned. 
Lift them from the fat with a skim- 
mer, drain, add to soup and serve. 



INVINCIBLE POTATO PLANTER. 
The H. H. Wabers Co., of Racine, 
Wis., are advertising elsewhere in this 
issue their Invincible Potato Planter. 
This planter is certainly a great labor 
saver and is guaranteed to plant from 
50 per cent, to 100 per cent, more hills 
in a day than any other. It has a 
number of special features, which are 
fully described in a little circular sent 
free by the company. Look up the 
j' lvertisement. 



SEND US YOUR WOOL 
WE PAY THE FREIGHT. 
WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. 



We make from your 
Own Wool on Shares 
Or for Cash 
White or Gray 
Large or Small 
Blankets, Coverlets 
Dress Goods, Skirts 
Underskirts, Flannels 
Cassimeres, Cheviots 
Jeans 
Art Squares, 
Carpets 
Stair Carpets 
Smyrna Rugs 
Buggy Robes, 
Lounge Covers 

LEAKSVILLE WOOLEN MILLS, Yams, Etc. 

Leaksville, N. C. Write Us. 



FOR SALE. 



A De Laval Baby Separator no 

In good running order. Are putting in lar- 
ger machine, the only reason for selling. 

FOREST HOME FARM, 

PURCELLVILLE, VA. 



.3 



VIRGINIA DIVISION. 

Farmers Mutual Benefit Association 

A Fire Insurance Association, chartered by the State of Virginia, for 
farmers, under an amended and well protected plan. 

Insures in counties surrounding and accessible to Richmond, against Fire 
aud Lightning, only country property — no stores or unsafe risks. Policy-holders 
amply secured — all legitimate losses paid. Average cost per year less than other 
plans, and a great saving to farmers. Amount of property now insured, $330,000, 
and increasing yearly. Estimated securiey in real and other estate, $750,000. 

For further information, address, CHAS. N. FRIEND, General Agent, 

MENTION THIS JOUKNAL. CHESTER, VIRGINIA. 



ASSETS, $900,000. 

Virginia Fire and Marine 

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va. 

Insures Against Fire and Lightning. 

ALL DESCRIPTIONS OF PROPERTY IN COUNTRY AND TOWN, PRIVATE OR PUBLIC 
INSURED AT FAIR RATES, ON ACCOMMODATING TERMS. 

AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY. 

WM. H. PALMER, President. W. H. M'CARTHY, Secretary. 



When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the 
Southern Planter. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



417 



Big Bargains in Farm Suppiies 

First Glass Material, Merchandise and Machinery at Sacrifice Prices. 



I Plumbing *£ 

Supplies Room 

, ■ — Porcelain Bowl, Hardwood Seat and 
IT IF Tank, Nickel Plated flush andsupply 
pipes, complete each $10.00. 
Cast Iron Bath Tuba, 

teoRtb 5 fl- 

, Complete with 
full set nickel 
plated fittinjjs, each 
Sit. 00. They are new 
goods, ask for free cata- 
logue of our full line of plumhingsupplies. 





Steel Roofing 



Strictly new, perfect, Semi- 
Hardened Steel Sheets,' 2 feet 
wide.6 feet long. The best Roof- 
ing, .Siding or Celling you can 
use. We furnish nails free and 
paint rooflng red two sides. 
Comes either flat, corrugated or 
'V'crimped. Delivered freeof all 
charges to all points inU.S. eastof Mississippi 

SrS&SfS $2.25 PER SQUARE 

Prices to other points on application* A 

square means too square feet <f| 



Barbed and Smooth 

U/«m#i write for our prices on i and a 
WW Mm Wm point Barbed Wire, painted and 

galvanized; also, 65,000 pounds 
SMOOTH GALVANIZED WIRE SHORTS 

Gauges: to. IX, 12. 13 and 14. Price $1.40 per 

hundred lbs. We also handle other kinds, 

write us your wants. 




Telephones at 

a£e tmfm Each one is guar- 
*jr^»t/f# anteed to be in per- 
fect order before leaving our plant. 
We are able to offer you an instru- 
ment for $5.00 that would cost 
you twice as much elsewhere. We 
carry a full stock of supplies. 
Send for Phone Catalogue. 



Cold Water or Ready Mixed Paints 

We bought at Receiver's Sale 
PZmlftt^ t\om a leading paint house. 
■ *■•»■'■» a very large quantity Of Cold 
Water Paints and Ready Mixed Paints. Equal 
in grade to any on the market. 

Here is a Genuine Paint Bargain. Before 
placing your order, write us for our special 
prices. You can surely save money, without 
sacrificing quality. 



A special lot of t. _.. e 

m~£b m MMTIP > 1J iz^<J No '9 poultry netting 

«» **m JF while the supply lasts, at 

Netting ygfjgfc- '*■*- 

12 inch $0.45 per bale. 

18 inch 0.65 per bale. 

30 inch 1.10 per bale. 

36 inch I.3S per bale. 

42 inch 1.50 per bale 

Other grades at corresponding! 




roughi Iron Pipe 

Steam, Gas ur Water; sizes '/• to 12 in. diam 
We have in stock 2,000.000 feet of Standard 
black wrought iron pipe, second hand. It is 
in good condition, complete with threads and 
couplings at following prices. 

l A inch at 1 % cents per foot. 
% inch at 2K cents per foot. 
1 inch at jJ4 cents per foot. 
V4. \P£^ a J-^% cents per foot. 



Farm Forges $i 

We bought several car loads of new Portable 
Forges at a low price. We have 
also for sale horseshoes, horseshoe 
nails, brksmith tools of all kinds. 
500 doz. single bitted axes 
Hard- @ 35^ I?5 doz. double 
ware bitted pxes. 2d qual. @ 40c. 
6.000 Dietz Lanterns, few slightly 
ffectedby_w_ater. Write for prices. 




iasoline Engines 70 

, 2 HORSE POWER 
Absolutely new; most mod- 
ern type. Guaranteed, 
E urn ping jack & fixtures & 
Kings for $75. Without 
pumping jack $70. 
Headquarters for 
Machinery 
Our line of machinery sup- 
plies is almost unlimited. 
Complete stock of SawMllls, 
Pumps, Sugar Machinery, 
etc. 
And in fact everything in that line. 




tu titling Material 




LUMBER, SASH, DOORS.ETC. 

We carry a complete stock of firsi 

class Building Material of all 

kinds. Send us your bill for 

estimate. 

10 CARLOADS OP NEW DOORS 

at $1.00 each 

HARDWARE SUPPLIES 
Write for our catalogue of build- 
er's hardware. The per cent of 
jjthe dealers profit we can save 
11 prove a revelation. 



CHICAGO HOUSE WRECKING CO. 



WEST 35TH AND IRON STREETS, 
CHICAGO. 



PICK UPS. 
If an old fowl is skinned before 
cooking it will become tender in a 
shorter length of time and will be of 
much finer flavor. 

In families where canned pears are 
not particularly well liked, a sliced 
orange to a pint of pears will often 
make them more palatable. A pine- 
apple shreded with a silver fork into 
canned pears makes them delicious. 

Mothers may be glad to know what 
a young girl taught me last summer. 
To tie shoe strings so they will remain 
tied, pass either loop — usually the 
right-hand loop — around under the 
•second time before drawing the bow 
up tight. When you desire to untie the 
knot it will pull out by the strings the 
same as usual. 

After removing iron rust with lemon 
juice and salt rub the places with clear 
water. If soap is used a bright yellow 
spot will appear that will be more dim- 
cult to remove than the iron rust. Rub- 
bing clothes lightly through the rinse 
water will prevent the bluing from set- 
tling in them and will whiten them 
amazingly, particularly if rain water 
is used. 



The DeLOACH SST 



Mills are Sure Winners' 

Eight sizes, from Farmers'4 h.p. up to 200 h.p 
If Interested, write for large illustrated catalogue of DeLoach Patent Saw Mills to Bult any 
power from 4 to 200 h. p ; Shingle Mills, Planers, Edgers, Trimmers, Stave and Lath Mills, Bolt- 
ers, Corn and Buhr Mills, Water Wheels, etc, To introduce our New Farmers' Saw Mill, fitted 
with DeLoach Patent Variable Friction Feed, we make this special offer: 

We will deliver on cars at factory our 
No. Pony Farmers' Saw Mill, with Duplex 
Dogs, Improved Head Blocks, and Ratch- 
et Set Works, complete as shown in cut, 
except it has Carriage made in two 4 foot 
sections, with Rope Dri^e instead of Rack 
and Pinion, without Saw or Belt, for 
$115.00 Spot Cash! 
With 36" Solid Saw, $127.50; 40", $132.5 

44", $140.00 ; 48", $150.00. 
With 36"Inserted Paw $147 50; 40",$152.50 

41", $160.00; 48", $170.00. 
Best Rubber Belting, 4-ply, 6", 20 cents 
per foot ; 8", 30 cents per foot, net. 
No discount from these prices. 

Our Warranty: This mill is warranted to be made in a workman-like manner, of first class 
material throughout, and to give perfect satisfaction if operated according to our printed in- 
structions, which are so simple that a boy can understand them. Any one with ordinary intelli- 
gence can set and operate without the assistance of an experienced sawyer ; will easily cut 2.000 
to 2,500 feet of first class board lumber pei day with only 4 h p. ; 3,000 feet with 6 h. p. ; 4,000 feet 
with 8 h. p. ; is adapted to any kind or size power up to 15 h. p. 

DeLOACH MILL MANUFACTURING CO., Box 600 Atlanta, Georgia, U. S. A. 

The DeLoach is the only mill made that is shipped to all parts of the world. Over 10,000 in use 




WSm ill that Will 



A bashful gentleman who visited a 
school kept by a young lady, was asked 
by the teacher to say a few words to 
the pupils. This was his speech: 
"Scholars. I hope you will always love 
your school and your teacher as much 
as I do." A tableau of giggling pupils 
and a blushing teacher attested the 
effectiveness of his words. 



Mention the Southern Planter in 
writing. 




SAW LUMBER 
WE MAKE SAW MILLS 

that cut accurate lumber and plenty of 
it. 8 to 30 horse power. Capacity 
4.000 to 20,000 feet of lumber per 
day. 

Prices from $160 to $700 

Reasonable in price, economical to 
maintain, greatest capacity. Every 
Mill Is a Money Maker. Write 
for large free Catalog No. S 30. 

LOUISVILLE, KY. 



KENTUCKY DIVISION, 
Successors to Brennan & Co.. 



418 



THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER 



[June 



FARMS FOR SALE! 

Farm No. 2. 
Contains 265 acres; 215 under culti- 
vation; 50 acres original oak and 
hickory. Fronts on the pike running 
from Winchester to Alexandria; five 
miles from railroad; one-half mile 
from proposed electric railroad. Excel- 
lent six-room dwelling house, with 
broad halls, standing in a large, nicely- 
shaded blue-grass lawn; all necessary 
outbuildings; land chocolate clay, with 
stiff clay subsoil; all level, but rolling 
enough to drain well; fine for wheat 
and grass; well watered. Owner con- 
templates making improvements. But 
if sold before, price $25 per acre, on 
easy terms. 

No. 3. 

Contains 430 acres; 350 acres under 
cultivation; 80 acres in good original 
oak and hickory timber. Situated in 
Loudoun county, four miles from rail- 
road station; one mile from" proposed 
electric railroad. Soil in fine state of 
cultivation; adapted to grain and grass. 
Land level and watered by streams, 
and a beautiful, bold spring in the yard. 
Good dwelling and outbuildings; two 
new stock barns. Greater part of farm 
in grass. Price now, $20 per acre. 

No. 4. 
Contains 100 acres, all under cultiva- 
tion, and in good condition. Good 
frame dwelling and all necessary out- 
buildings in good condition. Situated 
on the pike, with market wagons pass- 
ing every day, paying Washington city 
prices for produce. Splendidly situated 
for fruit, poultry, dairy and trucking. 
Price now, $2,000, on easy terms. 

No. 5. 
Contains 163 acres; one-half under 
cultivation; balance in second-growth 
timber. Good seven-room dwelling and 
necessary outbuildings; good orchard 
in fine fruit section. Farm lies near 
Southern railroad, twenty miles from 
Washington; well watered; a splendid 
dairy farm. Price, $2,000. 

No. 11. 

Contains 315 acres in high state of 
improvement. Large frame dwelling, 
10 rooms, 2 large cattle barns, and all 
necessary farm buildings in good re- 
pair. Land watered by spring branches. 
Situated in aristocratic neighborhood. 
Convenient to depot and to Washington 
market. Price, $50 per acre. 

The above-described farms are situ- 
ated in a neighborhood of refined citi- 
zens, with good labor plentiful, and 
will not be on the market long before 
being sold. For further information 
and a more detailed description of any 
one of them, write to 

W. E. MILLER, 
Herndon, Va. 



A PROMISED SPECTACLE AT THE 
ST. LOUIS FAIR. 
Mere cost and bigness do not con- 
stitute excellence, but magnitude is 
impressive, and money does things. 
The St. Louis World's Fair, however, 
has other things to recommend it than 
size and expenditure. In the first 
place, the topography of the site favors 
effects that could not be achieved on 
the flat of Jackson Park. The view 
from "The Apotheosis of St. Louis ' 
across the Grand Court along the broad 
avenue between the Education and 
Electricity buildings, thence across 
the Basin and up the Cascades to Fes- 
tival Hall and the Terrace of the 
States, will doubtless surpass any spec- 
tacle heretofore seen at a world's fair. 
This is the central physical feature 
of the exposition. A crescent-shaped 
hill crowned by the Colonnade of the 
States.with the imposing Festival 
Hall in the center of the crescent; on 
each extreme of the crescent, 1,900 
feet apart, an ornamental restaurant 
pavilion; a central cascade 290 feet 
long with a total fall of 80 feet in 
twelve leaps ranging from 4 to 14 feet 
and side cascades 300 feet long, with 
a total fall of 65 feet. The water will 
be discharged into a basin 600 feet 
wide. The two miles of lagoons have 
their beginning and end in this basin. 
The abundant supply of water will be 
drawn from the city mains, but will 
be filtered to a crystal clearness. Be- 
tween the cascades will be gardens. 
Each of the cascades will be framed 
in sculpture, consisting of sportive 
groups of nymphs and naiads and 
other mythological fancies. The cen- 
ter cascade will be crowned by a group 
composition showing Liberty lifting 
the veil of Ignorance and protecting 
Truth and Justice. The east cascade 
will represent the Atlantic Ocean and 
the west cascade the Pacific, the sym- 
bolism being that the Purchase has 
extended liberty from ocean to ocean. 
Assurance is given that the three cas- 
cades will completely eclipse the cas- 
cade of the Trocadero at the Paris Ex- 
position, the cascade at St. Cloud and 
the Chateau d'Eau at Marseilles. — 
From "The Louisiana Purchase Expo- 
sition", by Frederick M. Crunden, in 
the American Monthly Review of Re- 
views for May. 



A child may often be expected to 
put his or her heedless little foot in 
it, as the phrase goes. For instance, 
a youngster one day begged an invi- 
tation to dinner at the house of a little 
friend with whom he had been play- 
ing. At the table, his hostess anxious- 
ly inquired: "Charley, can you cut 
your own meat?" "Humph!" said the 
youngster, who was sawing away; 
"can't I? I've cut up quite as tough 
meat as this at home." People who 
are destitute of tact might take warn- 
ing from such juvenile malaprops, but 
such does not often appear to be the 
case, judging by numerous examples 
to the contrary. 



*%&& 



Hearty 2 score years we hay) 
been training men and women 
for business. Only Business Col- 
lege in Va., and seeond in Sonth 
to own its building. No vaeation. 
Catalogue free. Bookkeeping, 
Shorthand, Penmanship by mail. 



- , President. 

"leading bus. col. south Potomao riTer."— Phila. Stenographer. 




The RICHMOND, FREDERICKSBURG 

and POTOMAC R. R. 
and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y 

Form the Link connecting the 

Atlantic Coast Line R. R., 
Baltimore and Ohio R. R., 
Chesapeake and Ohio R'y, 
Pennsylvania R. R., 
Seaboard Air Line R'y 
and Southern R'y. 

Between all points, via Richmond, Va. 

Fast Mail, Passenger and Express Route be- 
tween Richmond, Fredericksburg, Alexan- 
dria, Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, 
New York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo and All 
Points North, Bast and West. 

W. P. TAYLOR, Traffic Manager, Richmond, Va. 



"Feeds and Feeding" 

Prof. Henry's Great Book for 
Farmers and Stockmen. 

Delivered anywhere for - - $2.00 
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, .252 



WHISKEY 

4 full quarts Corn Whiikey 10 years old, $3.50 

4 ' 6 " " 2,60 

4 " " " " Private Stock, 

20iyears old, for invalids and other 

loved ones 6 00 

Or will ship the 12 qts. named above for $11.00 
Plain packages Express paid. Purest 
and Best Whiskey, and Oldest House 
In America. Established 1768—136 years 
ago. Just as Corn bread is more whole- 
some and palatable than Rye bread- 
So with the Whiskey— bo say all Doctors 
—try it and be convinced. Nothing on 
earth so beneficial to weak lungs as this 
mountain beverage. 

THE OLD NICK W1LLIAHS CO., 
Lock Box No. 11. Williams, N C. 



JUSTLY INDIGNANT. 

The house had been full of aunties 
come to spend the holidays, and the. 
baby's 6-year-old brother was heard 
cne morning confiding his woe to his 
father. 

"Say, papa, do you know I've had to 
sleep a whole week in a room just full 
of women?" — Lippincott's Magazine 
for May. 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 



1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 419 

• ' •* J* Jt J* J* J* # J« :•*-< -* jtjXjt -■* :<:•* S „< J*£ J* J« J* J* J* J* J* J* •* J* JX J* J* jX J* jXjXjX jX jX ,."X jX jX jt .jX jX jX ,* jX ,* jX 

l BILTMORE FARMS, = Biltmore, N. C. \ 

5 Headquarters for GOLDEN LAD JERSEYS, \ 

5 Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGO LD, j* j» ^ J 



^ 



V; 



^ GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the fc 

champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both fc 

born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls. fc 

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with an individuality % 

that wins in the show ring. %• 



4£ SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever offered, both for fc 
^ breeding and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many fc 

% of these calves are fit to show and win in any company 



i * * BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS. * * fc 

, — — V; 

j SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from our prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select 5* 

2 from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last two seasons. If you want winners you * 

» must breed from winners. o 

? Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES. t 

apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biltmore, n. c. \ 

% 
K•|C , I«•»< , ^«'ac•J^IP»^|C|^Jr|C•|rJp^^^car^f•r|^JriC•K , l^J^Jr^^|^|^•^^Jr|rJC , ^s , ^f'l< , Jp»c•Jf^^J« > |?•^pJf > K , *• *• ** t? F *r * 



IIIIPEBIBL FBUIT BHD PBDLTBT F B B III 

Is now booking orders for Eggs from the best strains and careful matings of 

Barred, Buff and White Plymouth Rocks, 
Silver=Laced and White Wyandottes, 
S. C. B. Leghorns and Mammoth Pekin Ducks, 
AT $1.00 PER SITTING. 
EGGS FROM BLACK DEVIL PIT GAMES. 

Never known to run. The grittiest of all games. $2.00 PER SITTING. 

We give 15 Chicken and 13 Duck Eggs for sitting. Order at once. 
Write name and address plainly. Remember the express is no more on 2 or 3 sittings than on 1. 
Refer to Augusta National Bank and former patrons. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded 

P. H. HEYDENREICH, - Staunton, Va. 



420 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



A UNIQUE ORGANIZATION. 



What Five Hundred Iowa Farmers 
Have Accomplished by Co-Operation. 



The company is unique among or- 
ganizations of the people. It is not 
co-operative, as the long lines of in- 
dustry which stretch out from the 
home of modern co-operation in the 
English town of Rochdale are co-ope- 
rative. It is not communal in any 
sense like the Amana, the Oneida and 
similar societies. It is not held to- 
gether by any political, religious or 
sociological tie. Its only bond is that 
which maintains every successful 
business organization in the world. 
These farmers have turned business 
men and they have been so extraor- 
dinarily successful that they stand 
ready to become manufacturers when- 
ever they find they cannot buy in a 
fair market. It appears to be the first 
commanding proof that the common 
people in country place or town or city 
have in themselves the power to apply 
a remedy to the diseases of such 
trusts or combinations of capital as 
are inimical to the welfare of the gene- 
ral public. 

. It is worthy the attention of the 
student of present-day problems, as 
well as of the investor, that, in this 
day of enormous inflation of capital 
stock, the business of these Iowa 
farmers, running now well on to 
$1,000,000 a year, has been conducted 
on a capital never larger than $25,000. 
Still more significant, it requires the 
assent of two-thirds of the 500 mem- 
bers of the firm before any money may 
be borrowed, and no more than $5,00Q 
may be borrowed at any one time. At 
no time may the total indebtedness of 
the firm rise above $5,000. The by- 
laws of the company's articles of in- 
corporation provide that np share- 
holder shall sign any bond, or sign, 
endorse or guarantee any note, bill, 
draft or contract or in any way assume | 
any liability, verbal or written, for 
the benefit of security of any person, 
without the written consent of a ma- 
jority of the directors. The by-laws 
also provide that none of the funds 
of the company shall be loaned to any 
person. — From W. '8. Harwood's "Five 
Hundred Farmers'" in the May Gen- 
tuary. 



A CONTRADICTION. 
That "still waters run deep" 
You may quote if you will; 
This opinion I'll keep — 
They can't run if they're still. 
G. B., in May Lippincott's. 



Mention the Southern Planter in 
writing. 



Your 



back 



money 

if you are not satisfied 

DO YOU SUPPOSE that a company with a capital of $500,000.00, paid in full, and the 
proud reputation of 36 years of continuous success, would make such an offer and not carry 
it out to the letter? 

DO YOU SUPPOSE we would jeopardize our standing with the public and our chances 
Of still greater success by failing to fulfil any promise we make ? 

DO YOU SUPPOSE we would make such an offer if we did not have the utmost confi- 
dence in the satisfying quality of our goods ? 

WE KNOW we can please you and save you money, for HAYNER WHISKEY goes 
direct from our distillery to you, with all its original richness and flavor, carrying a UNITED 
STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUARANTEE of PURITY and AGE and saving 
you the big profits of the dealers. That's why it's best for medicinal purposes. That's why 
it's preferred for other uses. That's why we are regularly supplying over a quarter of a 
million satisfied customers. That's why YOU should try it. 

Direct from our distillery to YOU 

Saves Dealers' Profits ! Prevents Adulteration ! " 

HAYNER WHISKEY 

PURE SEVEN *YEAR- OLD RYE 



4 FULL $*$ 
QUARTS if 



■M EXPRESS 
PREPAID 



We will send you POUR FULL QUARTS of HAYNER'S SEVEN-YEAR- 
OLD RYE for $3.20, and we will pay the express charges. When you receive 
the whiskey, try it and if you don't find it all right and as good as you ever 
drank or can buy from any body else at any price, then send it back at our 
expense and your $3.20 will be returned to you by next mail. How could 
an offer be fairer? We take all the risk and stand all the expense, if 
the goods do not please you. Won't you let us send you a trial order? We 
ship in a plain sealed case; no marks to show what's inside. 

Orders for Ariz., Cal., Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N. Mex., Ore., Utah, Wash, 
or Wyo., must be on the basis of 4 Quarts for $4.00 by Express 
Prepaid or a© Quarts for 816.00 by Freight Prepaid. 

Write our nearest office and do it NOW. 

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY 

ATLANTA) GA. DAYTON, OHIO ST. LOUIS, MO. ST. PAUL, MINN. 

156 Distillery. Tbot O. Established 1866. 




Where to Sell Your WOOL 



WE ARE THE LEADING DEALERS IN THE WOOL TRADE IN VIRGINIA. 

HIGHEST MARKET PRICE PAID, and no Commission, Freight, &c. 
charged. SACKS FURNISHED FREE. Checks remitted promptly. 
Correspond with us when ready to sell. 

THE WALLERSTEIN PRODUCE CO., 19&21 So. 13th St., richhond, Va. 

References : American National Bank and Richmond merchants generally. 



— LIGHTNING SCALES 
COMPOUND BEAM ON ALL WAG* 
ON SCALES. UMBER SPECIFI- 
CATIONS AND WORKING PLANS 
FURNISHED FREE. 
— ERY SCALE GUARANTEED. 



'Kansas Gnr Hay Press Co. ' 



LIGHTNING HAY PRESSES 
WILL BALE MORE HAY IN LESS TIME. . ._ 
AND MORE COMPACT BALES AND ARE EASIER ORAFT 

' THAN ANY OTHER PRESS 

.Z. !5?2S GASOLINE ENGINE 

GREATEST POWER WITH 
LEAST FUEL. NO VALVES 
NO FOUNDATION. 




1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



421 



<£ ^ THE WONDER OF THE 20 CENTURY. *.* 




THE ACME CHURN. 

MILK yERATOR and CREAM SEPARATOR. 

Guaranteed to make butter from sweet or sour cream In from three to ten 
minutes. The manufacturers offer 8100 to any one who can beat this machine 
on time, quality and quantity on any given amount of sweet or sour cream. 
Made of the very best materials and is guaranteed. 

The number of inquiries received from our first Ad., on page 299, April 
Planter, shows the great interest taken in this new invention by the butter 
makers of this and adjoining States. It is a new machine, patented and 
fully protected ; and the greatest labor saver of its kind on the market. It 
has but recently been offered to the public, and by merit alone is making a 
name and place for itself in enterprising and progressive homes, where it 
lightens and lessens the labor of those who need it most. 

The cut is the Single Standard, in 3 and 6 gal. sizes. In the Double Stand- 
ard, the iron frame is on both sides and across the top, is heavier and 
stronger, with an extra wheel at the handle for either hand or light power. 
In 6 and 10 gal. sizes. You can rely upon what is said about this machine. 

Make a note of this and continue to watch Southern Planter. 
Address THE ACME CHURN, Lock Box 311, Richmond, Virginia. 




RHODE ISLAND GREENINGS VER- 
SUS BARTLETT PEARS. 
At a wedding party, some time ago, 
Rev. E. O. Bartlett, of Rhode Island, 
at one time settled over the church in 
Pittsfield, Mass., made famous by the 
long pastorate of Dr. John Todd, told 
of a capital bon mot on the occasion 
of his own wedding. His wife, it 
seems, was also a native of Rhode 
Island, and in the midst of the merry- 
making some one wittily remarked 
that they had with them "two Rhode 
Island greenings." As every one 
knows, the Rhode Island greening ap- 
ple has always been a great favorite 
throughout New England. The words 
had hardly been uttered before there 
came the ready response: "Yes; you 
see, it takes two Rhode Island green- 
ings to make one Bartlett pair." — May 
Success. 



UGLY FOR SURE. 



In a mining town in the mountains 
of Virginia lived two little chaps aged 
8 and 9 years, neighbors and good 
friends, who passed most of their 
leisure time together in boyish sports, 
but, like all healthy boys, they some- 
times "scrapped." 

On one of these occasions the 
younger one, who was built on the 
lines of the proverbial man who could 
not stop a pig in an alley, was being 
twitted by his companion on his bow- 
legs. 

He stood it manfully for a while, but 
finally losing patience, he blurted out: 

"Well, I may be bow-legged, but 
when the Lord made you. He made you 
as ugly as He could and then hit you 
in the face." — Lippincott's for May. 






FRUITS and 
VEGETABLES 

ARE LARGELY INCREASED 
IN YIELD, AND GREATLY 
IMPROVED BY THE USE OF 

SPRAY PUMPS. 



Write for new catalogues and price-lists. 

Our pumps are used by the Virginia and North 

Carolina Agricultural Departments. 



SYDNOR PUMP AND WELL CO., inc., 

Box 946, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 

GASOLINE ENGINES, WIND MILLS, RAMS, 

TANKS. WATER SUPPLY CONTRACTORS. 

ARTESIAN WELL DRILLERS. 

Cut shows a Kerosene Sprayer which can 
be used for any other mixture. 



J* £ J* £t £ <£ J* J* S Ji«5* &JltJ)tj)tJltJ)tjtjitjltjltJ)tdtj)tJ)tJtJ*Jt<£j*J*,l* 




CHARTERED 1870. 



Merchants National Bank 



MODERN IMPROVEMENTS. 
The progress of this age is grand, 
No more he "takes his pen in 
hand" — 
The business man, smit by her charms, 

Takes the typewriter in his arms. 
— S. F. Walcott, in May Lippincott's. 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 



OP RICHMOND, VA. 

Designated Depository of the United States, City of 

Richmond and Commonwealth of Virginia. 

Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore 

and New Orleaas. this Bank offers superior facilities for 

direct and quick collections. 



Capital Stock, 
Surplus and Profits, 



$200,000.00 
$628,000.00 



JNO. K. BRANCH, 

Vice-President. 



JOHN F.GLENN, 

Cashier. 



JNO. P. BRANCH, 

President. . 

Directors— John P. Branch, B. B. Munford, Chas. S. Stringfellow, Thos. B. Scott, B. W. Branch, 
Fred W. Scott, Jas H. Dooley, Jno K, Branch, A. S. Bnford, Andrew Pizzini, Jr., J.P.George, 
Alex. Hamilton, Sam'lT. Morgan. 



When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the 
Southern Planter. 



422 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



[June 



'MOORE" QUALITY I 



"MOORI 



QUANTITY 



J. s. 



Successors to D. O'SULLIVAN, and J. S. MOORE & SONS. 
CORNER EIGHTEENTH & MAIN STREET?, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 

Wholesale and Retail Grocers, Feed and Liquor Dealers. 



Pride of Richmond Flour, $4.10 bar- 
rel, or 27c. sack. 

Dunlop Flour, $4.10 barrel, or 27c. 
sack. 

Daisy Flour, $3.75 barrel, or 25c. 
sack. 

Pure Lard, ll%c. 

Good Lard, 9 and 17c. 

Best Salt Pork, ll%c. 

Good Salt Pork, 8y 2 and 10c. 

Genuine N. O. Molasses, 60c. gallon. 

Good N. O. Molasses, 50c. gallon. 

Good Dark Molasses, 25c. gallon. 

Best Bright Syrup, 35c. gallon, or 
10c. quart. 

Arbuckle's Coffee, 9%c. pound. 

Cardova Coffee, 9c. pound. 

Best New Cut Herring, 10c. dozen, 
or $4.75 barrel. 

Best Roe Herring, 20c. dozen, or 
$2.75 half barrel. 

Sardines, 4c. can, or $3.50 case. 

Genuine Elgin Butter, 26c. pound. 

Best Country Butter, 25c. pound. 

Best Cream Cheese, 15c. pound. 

Prunes, 4c, or 7 pounds for 25c. 

Salt, 100-pound sacks, 45c. 

Salt, 200-pound sacks, 80c. 

Best Can Tomatoes, 8c. can. 

Assorted Jellies, 1-quart jars, 9c. 

Assorted Jellies, 5-pound pails, 20c. 



All brands, 10c. Tobacco, 3 plugs 
for 25c. 
Good Luck Powders, 4 and 8c. can. 
Red Seal Lye, 4c. can. 
Evaporated Peaches, 8c. pound. 
Lump Starch, 4c. pound. 
Good Rice, 5c. pound. 
Best Rice, 7c. pound. 

Best Sherry Wine, imported, $3.00 
gallon. 

Good Port Wine, $1.25 gallon. 
Catawba Wine, 12c. quart. 
Duffy's Malt Whiskey, 80c. bottle. 
O'Grady's Malt Whiskey, 85c. bottle. 
Murphy's Malt Whiskey, 85c. bottle. 
Casey's Malt Whiskey, 85c. bottle. 
Seven- Year-Old Pure Maryland Rye, 
$3.50 gallon. 

Moore's Crown Rye, $2.50 gallon. 
Moore's Keystone Rye, $2.25 gallon. 
Com Whiskey, $2.00 gallon. 
News Boy Whiskey, 75c. bottle. 
Apple Brandy, $2.50 gallon. 
Good Rye Whiskey, $1.50 gallon. 
Good Gin, $2.00 gallon. 
Blackberry Wine, 12c. quart. 
Best White Corn, 68c. per bushel. 
Good Mixed Corn, 50c. per bushel. 
Best Sifted Oats, 45c. per bushel. 
Best Shipstuff, per cwt., $1.05. 



Best Hay, per cwt., $1.05. 

Best City Ground Meal, 18c. peck, or 
C5c. per bushel. 

Millet Seed, 95c. bushel. 

Cotton Seed Hulls, 50c. per 100 
pounds. 

Cotton Seed Meal, $1.30 per 100 
pounds. 
Coarse Meal, $1.15 per 100 pounds. 

6 Boxes Axle Grease, 25c. 

7 Pounds Oat Meal, 25c. 

Green Rio Coffee, good quality, 8c. 

E. B. Tea, 50c. 

Oolong, 40c. 

Good Tea, 25c. 

Table Peaches, 3 cans, 25c. 

Shredded Cocoanut, 15c. pound. 

Three Bottles Catsup, 25c. 

Pure Jelly, ^4-pound jars, 9c, or 3 
for 25c 

Pure Syrup, %-pound jars, 9c, or 3 
for 25c 

1-Gallon Cans Syrup, 40c 

Pure Pepper, 15c pound. 

Clover Seed, $4.50 per bushel. 

Herd Grass, 9c pound. 

Timothy Seed, $2.00 bushel. 

Special attention given to country 
orders. 



Prices Subject to Market Fluctuations. Order Now. 



How is Your Wheat? 

C^l^p f" , T7]V[Hr r Invested in a postal card and addressed to 
==== _____ THE CARDWELL MACHINE COM- 
PANY, Richmond, Virginia, will bring you circulars regarding 

Cardwell's Thresher and Cleaner 



They are SIMPLE, DURABLE and EASY TO WORK. 
Capacity, 200 to 1000 bushels of wheat per day, according to size 
and character of grain. 

Nineteenth and Cary Sts., 

. RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 



THE CARDWELL MACHINE CO. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



423 




The following Hat of papers and periodicals 
are the most popular ones In this section. 
We can SAVE YOU MONEY on whatever 
Journal you wish. 



DAILIES. 

Price. With 
Alone. Planter. 

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va $5 00 $5 00 

The Post, Washington, D. C 6 00 6 00 

The Sun, Baltimore, Md 3 00 3 40 

News-Leader, Richmond, Va. 3 00 3 00 

TRI-WEEKLY. 

The World (thrlce-a-week), N. Y....«l 00 1 25 



WEEKLIES. 

Harper's Weekly 4 00 

Harper'3 Bazaar 1 00 

Montgomery Advertiser 100 

Nashville American 60 

The Baltimore Sun 1 00 

Breeder's Gazette 2 00 

Hoard's Dairyman 1 00 

Country Gentleman 150 

Central Presbyterian, " " 2 00 

Religious Herald, Richmond, Va 2 00 

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va 1 00 

Christian Advocate, " " 1 50 

Horseman 3 00 

SEMI-MONTHLIES. 

Wool Markets and Sheep 50 

Dairy and Creamery 50 

Commercial Poultry 50 

All three 1 50 

MONTHLIES. 

North American Review 5 00 

The Century Magazine 4 00 

St. Nicholas Magazine 3 00 

Lippincott's Magazine 2 50 

Harper's Magazine 4 00 

Foruin Magazine 3 00 

Scribner's Magazine 3 00 

Trank Leslies Magazine 100 

Cosmopolitan Magazine 1 00 

Everybody's Magazine 100 

Munsey Magazine 100 

Strand Magazine 1 25 

McClure's Magazine 100 

Argosy Magazine 100 

Review of Reviews 2 50 

Southern Fruit Grower 50 

Where you desire to subscribe to two 



4 00 
140 
1 60 
76 
1 35 
1 75 
1 36 

1 75 

2 25 

2 25 
1 25 
175 

3 00 



75 

75 

75 

1 15 



5 00 
4 25 

3 26 

2 50 

4 08 

3 25 
3 25 
1 35 
1 35 
1 35 
1 35 
1 65 
1 35 

1 35 

2 75 
85 
or 

more of the publications named, you can ar- 
rive at the net subscription price by deduct- 
ing 50 cents from "our price with the 
PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to 
any other publications not listed here, write 
us and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or 
net subscription rates. 

Subscribers whose time does not expire 
until later can take advantage of our club 
rates, and have their subscription advanced 
one year from date of expiration of their 
subscription to either the PLANTER or any 
of the other publications mentioned. 

Don't hesitate to write us for any Informa- 
tion desired; we will cheerfully answer any 
correspondence. 

We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of .other 
periodicals. 



Seed House of the South. 



RED 

CLOVER, 

nAMMOTH 

CLOVER, 

CRinSON 

CLOVER, 

WHITE 

CLOVER, 

LUCERNE 

CLOVER, 

ALSYKE 

CLOVER, 

BOKHARA 

CLOVER, 

JAPAN 

CLOVER, 

BUR 

CLOVER, 




TinOTHY, 

ORCHARD 

ORASS, 

RBD TOP or 

HERDS ORASS, 

KENTUCKY 

BLUE ORASS, 

RANDALL 

ORASS, 

TALL MEADOW 

OAT ORASS, 

JOHNSON 

ORASS, 

OERHAN 

MILLET. 

BUCKWHEAT. 

OATS and 

CANE SEED. 



"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap." 

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of every 
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are 

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS. 

*> & & WE ALSO SELL 

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers 

For Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c. 

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and 
Fertilizing Materials generally. 

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods. 
Samples sent by mail when desired. 



Wm. A. Miller & Son, ■* 



1016 Main Street, 
LYNCHBURG, VA. 



| Headquarters for 



Nursery Stock. 



WHOLESALE 

AND 

RETAIL. 



We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders. 

ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME. 

Pecans, Ornamental and 

Chestnuts, Shade Trees, 

Walnuts, Evergreens, 

Small Fruits, Roses, Etc. 

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. 
. . AGENTS WANTED. . . 

FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., Baltimore, Md. 



Apples, 


Nectarines, 


Pears, 


Cherry, 


Peach, 


Quinces, 


Plum, 


Almonds, 


Apricots 




CALIFORNIA 


PRIVET, for Hedging. 



424 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



Established by XUr ^Al I — IA#A I I f* f\ MANFRED CALL, 
GEO. WATT, 1840. I Bit- wMLL VVM I I VsVJ., Gen'l Manager. 

manufacturers of THE CROWN, CRESCENT, AND WATT PLOWS, 

AND REPAIRS FOR PLOWS IN GENERAL USE. 
— Dealers in IMPLEMENTS, MACHINERY and VEHICLES.———. 

WE MAKE PLOWS that will enter hard ground when no other plow will. .If your land is hard and dry, get 
relief and a good plow at same time. 

GOOD ROADS can be made by using our ROAD P.L0VVS. Specially adapted to heavy work and hard ground. 
Have been used successfully where other much higher priced plows would not enter hard. earth. 

THE DEERE AND PITTS DISC HARROWS. Steel Shanks, Dust Proof Bearing Boxes. Flexible Gangs, allow- 
ing the inner ends to rise and fall independently, and still retain the same even pressure in uneven ground on every disc. 

THE DEERE STEEL LEVER HARROW. Strong, Flexible, with Spring Trip, relieving all strain on teeth when 
passing an obstruction. 

THE DEERE DISC CULTIVATOR. Light and Strong, High Arch. Solid Steel Axle. Wheels adjustable in width. 
Pivoted Tongue, Dust Proof Bearing Boxes. Convertible into an S-disc Harrow. Entire weight can be thrown on discs 
when desired in hard ground. 

GRAIN AND FERTILIZER DRILLS. With Disc or Hoe. For Grain, Corn, Peas, an.d Fertilizers accurate work 
can be depended on. ' 

THRESHING MACHINES FOR GRAIN AND PEANUTS. From one to ten horse power. Sold upon their merits, 
and guaranteed to give satisfaction. Unsurpassed by any, and sold at prices lower than any other first-class machines. 

BALING PRESSES. For Hand, Horse or Steam Power, at prices that will enable every grower of hay to have 
his own press. 

FIELD ROLLERS. Steel Rims. Solid Steel Heads, fceep the earth from clogging in the shells as in all open 
head rollers. Special oil device, free from grit. 

THE IMPERIAL ONE HORSE FARM WAGONS. Steel Arle and Thimble Skein. Built of best material and sold 
under full guarantee. 

THE MOLINE WAGONS. Light Running and Durable. Guaranteed to be made of best air-dried lumber. 
Handsomely finished, and have feature not found in any other. 

ENGINES, SAW MILLS, CORN AND FEED MILLS, CORN SHELLERS, FEED AND ENSILAGE CUTTERS, 
PEA HULLERS, ETC. 

We solicit inquiries for anything needed. 

13 So. Fifteenth Street, 
Between Main and Cary. 



RICHMOND, VA. THE CALL=WATT CO. 



CATALOGUES. 

R. J. Hancock & Son, Charlottesville, 
Va. Catalogue of the Ellerslie year- 
lings to be sold at the Brooklyn Race 
Course, Gravesend, N. Y., June 12, 1903. 



Piedmont Nurseries, Piedmont, N. C. 
North Carolina Woody and Herbaceous 
Plants and Other Ornamentals. Spring 
Catalogue, 1903. 



Danforth Chemical Co., Leominister, 
Mass. Bug Death. 



Piano Division Internation Harvester 
Co. of America, Chicago, 111. Lighten- 
ing Piano Harvesting Machines. 



Deering Division International Har- 
vester Co. of America, Chicago, 111. 
The Deering Corn Machine Annual for 
1903. 



"Pat," said a manager to one of his 
workmen, "you must be an early riser. 
I always find you at work the first 
thing in the morning." 

"Indade and Oi am, sor. It's a fam- 
ily trait, Oi'm thinking." 

"Then your father was an early 
riser, too?" 

"Me father, is it? He roises that 
early that if he went to bed a little 
later he'd me^t himself getting up in 
the mornin'." — Western Christian Ad- 
vocate. 



* THE ^ 



SEABOARD 

AIR LINE RAILWAY 



OFFERS 

PROFITABLE 

INVESTMENTS 



T0^ 



-*m»- 



THE MANUFACTURER, 
THE STOCK RAISER, 
THE DAIRYMAN, 
THE FRUIT GROWER, 
THE TRUCKER. 



WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN. 

Would a country where work can be carried on the entire year and where 
laige profits can be realised interest you? 

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and a 
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome illustrated 
literature descriptive of the section. 



J. B. WHITE, 
Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va. 



EDW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN, 

Traffic Mgr. Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Va. 



When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the 
Southern Planter. 



1003.] 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



425 



% 




WAGONS and BUGGIES 

MADE 

RIGHT HERE 

AT HOME 

BY 

The BARBOUR BUGGY CO., 1 
The HUGHES BUGGY CO., 
The VIRGINIA WAGON CO. 

These vehicles are guaranteed to be as good as can be bought elsewhere; material and 
workmanship unsurpassed; all sizes and styles, prices low. We can save you time, 
money and freight by purchasing our vehicles. Send for our illustrated catalogues. 
Drop in our warehouse and inspect our stock. Inquiries cheerfully answered. 




AH of Virginia. 



AGENTS FOB. DEER1NG MACHINES. 



RICHMOND BUGGY & WAGON CO., 1433 E. Main Street, RICHMOND, VA. 

g J. T- DUNN, Manager. 

3 <hS<hKhKh}<h}*Xk}<hChC^^ 



R. H. BOSHER'S SONS, 

15 S. 9th St., Richmond, Va. 

Carriage and Wagon Makers. 

Building Carriages to order is our special business. Re- 
pairing and Repainting done, and best material used. A 
full line of all the latest styles. Orders for all classes of 
Vehicles solicited. 



1903 



IN THE STUD AT LAUREL HILL FARM 

THE FINE HACKNEY STALLION 



1903 



I 



HE1DREIK 



i 



1903. IN THE STUD. 1903. 

WEALTH, 29579. 

RACE RECORD, 2:17#, Pacing. 

Timed separately in 2:08 in a race at Indiana 
State Eair. 1902 
Bay horse, foaled 1897; 16 hands high, weight, 1,200 lbs. 
Sired by Gambetta Wilkes, 2.191, dam Magnolia, by Norfolk, 
3G70. Wealth is grand individually and in appearance. 

FEE, $20 the Season with return privilege, or $25 to insure. 
Address S. F. CHAPMAN, Gordonsville. Va. 



Bay horse, foaled 1898; IK hands high. This horse has 

great natural action, and is capable of getting 

the highest class harness horses. 

FEE, $10.00 the Season or $15.00 to Insure. 



Addle.- 



C. F. & J. BUTTON, Walker's Ford, Va. 



WHALEBONE, 7872. 

Sired by Abdallah Wilkes, son of George Wilkes, 2.22. 

Dam Maggie O., by Abdallah, 15, sire of Goldsmith Maid. 

2.14; second dam Viley Filly, by Pilot, Jr., sire of dam of 
Maud S., 2.O84. 

Note. — Whalebone is a richly colored bay horse of fine 
size, handsome and well formed. His disposition is perfect. 
He has sired Visitor, 2.26J, and other winners. 

FEE, $15, with usual return privilege. 
Address W. J. CARTF R, 

P. O. BOX 929, RICHMOND, VA. 



GREAT STAKES, 25521. 

RACE RECORD, 2:20 Trotting. 

By horse, by Billy Thornhill, 2.24, dam Sweetstakes, by 

Sweep Stakes, 29S. Great Stakes has sired Captain, 

2.1t'«i; Foxhall, 2.193, and four others in the list 

FEE, 25.00 for the Season of 1903. 

W. H. NELSON, 1417 E. Franklin St., Richmond, Va. 



Pedigrees traced and tabulated. Catalogues compiled and 
circulars prepared. Special attention given registration 
matters pertaining to thoroughbreds and trotting horses 

w. J. carter (Broad Rock), 

P.O. Box 929 RICHMOND, VA. 

Representing the .... 

The TiMi>-Disi>.\TCH. Richmond, Va. 
Sot thekn Planter. Richmond, Va. 
Sports ok the Times, New York. 
Kentucky Stock Farm. Lexington, Ky. 
Breeder and Sportsmax. San Francisco, Cal. 



426 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 




New Factory Building Just Purchased By INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 

It is the famous Exposition Building built by the city of Minneapolis on the bank of the 
Mississippi River and overlooking St. Anthony Falls. It is now to be used for the 
manufacturing of their celebrated "International Stock Food." The building is 300 by 300 feet 
and has an addition 75 by 150. It is the largest manufacturing building in the entire 
Northwest and contains over 600,000 feet of epace. It cost the city over $400,000 



REPORTS. 

U. S. Department of Agriculture, Wash- 
ington, D. C. Bureau of Animal 
Industry. Circular 40. Officials, 
associations and educational insti- 
tutions connected with the dairy 
interests of the United States for 
year 1903. 

Bureau of Chemistry. Bulletin 75. 
Sugar Cane Culture in the South 
best for the manufacture of table 
syrup. 

Office of Experiment Stations. Experi- 
ment Station Record. Vol. XIV., 
No. 9. 

Office of Experiment Station. The 
Source of Carbo-Hydrates for the 
South for the Production of Meat. 

Office of Experiment Stations. Some 
Features of Recent Progress in 
Agricultural Education. 

Office of Experiment Stations. Co- 
operation Between Experiment 
Stations and Farmers. 

Office of Experiment Stations. Popu- 
lar Editions of Station Bulletins. 

Single Germ Beet Balls and Other Sug- 
gestions for Improving Sugar Beet 
Culture. 

Sugar Beet Pulp as Animal Food. 

Farmers' Bulletin No. 113. The Apple, 



and How to Grow it. 
Farmers' Bulletin No. 167. Cassava. 
Farmers' Bulletin No. 168. Pearl Mil- 
let. 
Alabama, Tuskegee Normal and Indus- 
trial Institute, Tuskegee, Ala. Farm- 
ers' Leaflet No. 14. Raising 
Chickens. 
Colorado Experiment Station, Fort 
Collins, Col. Press Bulletin 19. 
Grasshoppers. 
Idaho Experiment Station, Moscow, 
Idaho. Bulletin 34. Tomato Cul- 
ture. 
Bulletin 35. Meteological Records. 
Bulletin 36. The Codling Moth. 
Bulletin 37. Some Conditions of 
Stock Poisoning in Idaho. 
Louisiana Experiment Station, Baton 
Rouge, La. Bulletin 72. Forage 
Crops, Grasses, Alfalfa, Clovers, 
etc. 
Michigan Experiment Station Agricul- 
tural College, Michigan. Bulletin 
201. Mosquitoes and Other In- 
sects of the Year 1902. 
Missouri Experiment Station, Colum- 
bia, Mo. Bulletin 54. The Straw- 
berry False Worm. The Straw- 
lie rry Leaf Roller. 
Bulletin 55. Pruning Peach Trees. 
Bulletin 59. Corn Improvement for 



Missouri. 
New Hampshire Experiment Station, 
Durham, N. H. Bulletin 100. The 
White Fly of Greenhouses. 
Bulletin 101. Fungous Diseases and 

Spraying. 
Press Bulletin 47. The Brown Tail 
Moth in New Hampshire. 
New York Experiment Station, Geneva, 
N. Y. Bulletin 221. Shall Potato 
Growers Spray? 
Bulletin 229. Directors' Report, 

1902. 
Bulletin 230. Some Facts About 
Commercial Fertilizers in New 
York. 
North Carolina Experiment Station, 
Raleigh, N. C. How to Utilize the 
Surplus Apple Crops. 
Ohio Experiment Station, Wooster, O. 
Bulletin 137. Suggestions concern- 
ing Apple Culture. 
Rhode Island Experiment Station, 
Kingston, R. 1. Bulletin 91. Bush 
Fruits. 
Bulletin 92. The Soy Bean. 
Virginia Weather Bureau, Richmond, 

Va. Report for April. 1903. 
West Indian Department of Agricul- 
ture, Barbadoes, W. I. Agricultu- 
ral News. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTEK. 



427 



LABOR=SAVINQ IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY. 



Corn Planter* 




ffiPIV PI ANTFP^ The H00SIEK > both single and double row, 
VA/I\1> r L/Vll I ClVO. w ith and without fertilizer attachment. The 

SPANGLER for Corn, Peas and Sorghum. 



CULTIVATORS. ££S. ,r b£2 



vators and Horse Hoes. CONTINENTAL Disc 
Cultivators and Harrows, the best in the world. 

Spring tooth attachments for cultivator. RODERICK LEAN steel lever harrow s for 

one, two and three horses. 




THE SOUTH 
BEND CHILLED 
PLOWS. 




DISC CULTIVATOR. 



HORSE HOE. 
Wood or Steel beam ; all sizes. Guaranteed equal to any made. 

THE CELEBRATED 

HANCOCK DISC PLOW. 

Single or Double Disc. 




DISC HARROWS— All Sizes. 



SPIKE TOOTH HARROW. 




THE OLD RELIAB-E 



PEERLESS ENGINES. 

SAW MILLS and 
THRESHING MACHINES. 



THE FISH, THE WEBER AND THE CHAMPION WAGONS 

IN ALL SIZES. 

General agency for the Columbus Buggy Co., Col- 
umbus, Ohio. A. Wrenn & Sons, Norfolk, Va , and 
other celebrated makers of vehicles. All grades in 
stock 

Harness, Robes and Whips, Pittsburg Perfect Wire 
Fencing, welded by electricity. Circular for the 
asking Correspondence solicited. 





THE WATT PLOW CO., ££ e E ; K?J s^eet! Richmond, Va. 



428 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June 



Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS. 



ANTI-DIRT MILK PAIL 




Only Pail made that prevents Dirt and Hair from 
dropping into the Milk and STRAINS IT TWICE 
while milking-. Aerates and Cools it. 
Every Farmer and Dairyman Should Use it. 



Special prices given on Studebakerand Brown 

Wagons, Buggies and Carts. 

Studebaker Buggies, all styles, Studebaker 

Carriages, Studebaker Carts, S tude= 

baker Runabouts. 




Aspinwall Potato Planter. 

Automatic, Accurate and Reliable. Used by 
thousands of practical growers the world over. 

Over twenty years on the market. Don't be 
fooled by imitations and make-shifts : but write 
for attractive illustrated catalogue. 

Buckeye Force Pumps. Porce= 

lained Wood Pumps. Wood 

and Steel Wind Mills. 

Frick and Aultman and Taylor 

Engines, Saw Mills and 

Threshers. 





The 
Celebrated 



Twine*.** 



Ever,. Smooth. 

Ill III Strong'. - Full 

Jill L«„S->h. Ev„ y 

^W''K?lk- Bail Warra »t- 



IT DR7VWS THE BAR- 
NO PUSH. 




*®0 aiij)p»wi tfce Ban 
Added TneUftn. 



THE WHEELS WILL NOT LIFT fflOM THE GROUND. 

CHAMPION Mowers, Reapers, Binders, Hay 
Rakes and Twine. 




Bement Disc Cultivator, with 
6 or 8 Disc. 

Built entirely of steel, steel forgings and mal- 
leable iron. The most simple and easiest ad- 
justed cutlivator on the market to-day. Write 
tor circulars and testimonials. 




Genuine BROWN Walking and Riding 

Cultivator. All styles. Write for 

circular anil prices. 

Smith's EUREKA Corn Planters. 

FARMER'S FRIEND Plain and Fertilizer 

Planters. 

TIGERJDouble-Kow Plain Planters. TIGER 

Double-Row Planters with Fertilizer and 

Check Rower Attachment. 




TIGER Steel and Wood Self-Dump Rakes, 
GRANGER Steel and Wood Hand-Dump Rakes, 
all sizes. 

ELI BALING PRESSES. 

58 Styles and sizes.- For horse or steam power. 
\\ rite for prices and catalogues. * 



One and Two=Horse Planter, Plain 
or with Fertilizer Attachment. 




Cahoon Seed Sower. 

Michigan Wheelbarrow Sower. 

Three Sizes 

Superior Grain and Fertilizer 



Drills. Hoe and Disc. 



'4* 



Kemp's Improved Manure Spreader, 
Three Sizes. 




"Bement" Improved Duplex 
Tooth Weeders. 

Write for circulars and i rices. 



HENING & NUGKOLS, 



Successors to 

CHAS. E. HUNTER, 



91 1. Mflin si- 



ll. 



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WHY USE DANGEROUS BARB WIRE 

WHEN AN 

ATTRACTIVE WOVEN 
WIRE FENCE 

CAN BE BOUGHT AT EVEN 
LESS COST? 

THE AMERICAN FIELD FENCING Is made in many heights and styles for 

turning the .smallest to the largest animal. Write for special catalogue and prices. 

THE EVANS' STEEL-FRAME CORN PLANTER will drop accurately any desired dis- 
tance, and any quantity fertilizer. Extra plates for peas and beans at small cost. Use one 
and be convinced it has no equal. EVANS' TWO ROW CHECK OR DRILL PLANTER is 
made entirely of steel, and fertilizer attachment is so arranged as to prevent the distribution 
of fertilizer when it is not needed. Special catalogue mailed on application. 

THE EUREKA CORN PLANTER is noted for its simplicity. Write for our price. 

DON'T WAIT FOR SHOWERS 

THE MASTER PLANT SETTER will set water and fertilize more tobacco, cabbage and 
tomato plants than three men can do by hand, and the dryer the ground the better the plants 
will grow. Price. $3.75, delivered at your railroad station. 

"V" CRIMPED STEEL ROOFING. Made in lengths of from 5 to 10 feet. The most eco- 
nomical roof for barns and all outhouses. 

DISC HARROWS. Send for special catalogue of the "THOMAS," with self-oiling boxes, 
lightest draft and strongest harrow made. 

PLOWS. Try an "IMPERIAL," and you will not want any other. It is admitted by all 
who have used it to be the best in the world. 

THE TIGER RIDING DISC 
CULTIVATOR .... 

With its BALL BEARINGS, PIVOT TONGUE, 
which changes instantly the direction of the 
. disc by the' slightest pressure of the foot, Stag- 
gered Spoke Wheels, and gangs that -can be 
changed almost instantly to throw either to or 
from the centre is the most desirable made. 
MIDDLE DISCS furnished to change into Disc 
Harrows. Send for special catalogue and 
prices. 

THRESHING 
MACHINES, 
ENGINES and HORSE POWERS. 

The smallest to the largest, and at reasonable prices and terms. 
Write for special catalogues. 

BUGGIES and 

CARRIAGES, 

(ALL STYLES.) 

We carry the largest stock of any house 
south of Baltimore, and have grades and 
prices to suit everybody. Special buggy cata- 
logue free. 

FANNING MILLS. We can strongly re- 
commend the "LYONS" for cleaning any kind 
of grain or grass seed. Does its work clean, 
and praised by every one who has used it. 

Everything the farm needs we can supply, 
and that a close price. 

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va. 







The 



Northwestern 



MUTUAL LIFE 
INSURANCE CO. 



• 



BILTMORB ESTATE, Landscape Dept. fj Biltmore, N. C, March 9, 1903. 

Office of Superintendent. 
My policies in the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, which I have been carrying for a num- 
ber of years, appeal to me as the best investments I have ever made. If I wished to carry more insurance I 
would not care to go outside of this Company with a view of finding better security or greater dividends which 
are based on broad but conservative business principles. It is a pleasure to me to testify as to my impres- 
sions. C. D. Beadle. 

For rates and other Virginia and North Carolina testimonials, address, 



I Ul 



1 101 no. inn N. C. 1201 E. Moid SUM. Ri 



STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES 

Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON- 
DITION POWDERS. II you wiflh fat and smooth Cattle and healthy 
Milch Cows, give 



DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS. 



For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS use 
DIXIE NERVE AXTD BONE LINIMKNT-Best on earth for Man or 
I > Beast. Large Bottle 25 cts. ; everywhere. 

OWENS ft MINOR DRUG CO., Richmond, Va. 



*;ft# WW *^^^^^^^*^^^^*^^^^^*^^^^^^' 



VIRQINIA=C AROLINA CH EMICAL CO. 

Southern Manufacturers 

OF 

<& FERTILIZERS .* 

FOR 

Southern Farmers. 



THE FACTS: 

Largest maker*- of Fertilizers! 
Largest producers of material! 

THE RESULTS: 

Better Fertilizers! Lowering prices! 
Increasing sales ! 



Sales Offices: RICHHOND, Va., NORFOLK, VA., DURHAM, N. C. 
AGENTS, - - - - EVERYWHERE. 



The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA 



JOHN 8. ELLETT, President. WM. M. HILL, Cashier. 

CAPITAL, $500,000. SURPLUS, $240,000- 
■ RICHMOND. - VIRGINIA.