Established 1840. 



THE 



Sixty-Fourth Year. 



Southern Planter 

A MONTHLY JOURNAL 

DEVOTED TO 

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture, 
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside. 

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHHOND, VIRGINIA. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY, 

J. F. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager. 



Vol. 64. 



JULY, 1903. 



Proprietors. 



NO. 7. 



CONTENTS. 



FARM MANAGEMENT: 

Editorial— Work for the Month 429 

Alfalfa 432 

Silo Building '. 434 

Johnson Grass in Northern Virginia 438 

Grasses and Legumes in Eastern Virginia and 

North Carolina , 438 

Alfalfa Experience in Virginia 439 

Enquirer's Column (Detail Index, Page 461).. 439 

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD: 

Editorial — Work for the Month 446 

Orchard and Garden Notes 446 

Fall Potatoes 448 

The Small "Patch" Well Tilled 449 

American Pomological Society Meeting 450 

The Fruit Exhibit at St. Louis Exposition 450 

What to do with the Strawberry Field After 

Fruiting 450 

Horse Apple 451 

Better Tobacco Can be Grown. 451 

A Virginia Farmer on Virginia Farmers 451 

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY: 

Editorial — Hog Cholera 452 



Editorial — Mr. Cooper's Sale of Jerseys 452 

" Poland China Hogs 453 

The Hog as a Money-Maker 453 

The Berkshire Hog 453 

Japan Clover and Milch Cows 454 

Money in Sheep in Eastern Virginia 454 

Stock Sale at Orange, Va 454 

Pointers on Feed 454 

THE POULTRY YARD: 

Nux Vomica for Hawks 455 

Precocious Chickens 455 

THE HORSE: 

Hackneys in Virginia 456 

Sale of Ellerslie, Virginia, Yearlings 457 

MISCELLANEOUS: 

The Action of Poison on Birds and Animals. . . . 458 

Some Good Southern Records 458 

Filling the Silo 459 

Bright Outlook for Southern Farming 459 

The Farmer's Dog 460 

Gapes in Chickens 460 



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The Southern Planter. 



DEVOTED TO 



PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE, 
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE. 



Agriculture Is the nursing mother of the Arts.==XENOPHON. 
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the 5tate.==SULLY. 



64th Year. 



Richmond, July, 1903. 



No. 7. 



Farm Management. 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 

At this season of the year it has usually been our 
practice to review the progress and condition of the 
crops throughout the country, and endeavor to pre- 
sent some idea of what the probable returns are likely 
to be and to point out deficiencies and make such 
suggestions for meeting these as are still capable of 
being carried out. The unusual weather conditions 
which have prevailed more or less over the whole 
country since the commencement of the crop-planting 
season renders this work this year a difficult one. 
The great disturbing factor in the crop situation in 
the South was, first, the unseasonable weather in 
the month of March, when we had practically May 
weather; and, secondly, the unseasonable weather of 
April and May, when we had a March temperature 
with a drought. The March weather forced the 
wheat, oat and grass crops into rapid growth and 
then the cold and drought of April and May checked 
this so suddenly as greatly to impair the vitality of 
the crops. On the first of May we had the prospect 
of one of the finest wheat crops ever raised in the 
South. Since that time its condition has been one of 
constant impairment, and noAv at harvest time the 
yield promises to be below the average. Oats have 
suffered in like manner, whilst the hay and clover 
crops are seriously curtailed. Throughout the rest 
of the country the winter wheat crop has been greatly 
injured in some sections by drought and in others by 
flood, so that the average condition as reported on the 
first of June is 82.2, as compared with 92.6 on May 
1st: 76.1 on June 1, 1002, and a ten-year average of 



79.1. The spring wheat crop is considerably less in 
area than a year ago, but its condition compa 1 '- 
favorably with the ten-year average. The oat crop 
is nearly 1.000,000 acres less in area than a year ago, 
with an average condition below that of the ten- 
year average. 



The indications from these figures would seem 
to be for smaller grain crops than those of last year, 
and it is probable that they will be even less than 
these figures indicate, as the full extent of the loss 
of crops in Kansas, Iowa and Illinois by recent floods 
was not known at the time when these returns were 
made up. It would seem to be wise policy for farm- 
ers to be in no hurry to sell their wheat. Future 
prices, in our opinion, will be higher, rather than 
lower. 



The corn crop of the South starts its growth very 
unfavorably for a heavy yield. The stand is every- 
where reported to be uneven and late in starting, and 
much of the crop has been planted on land poorly 
prepared. The drought of May made the land break 
up cloddy and since this broke the rains have been 
so frequent as to prevent that cultivation necessary 
to correct this condition. The month of June, t 
up to this writing, has been, throughout nearly the 
whole South, much too cool for corn to grow, and 
complaint is frequent of the bad color of the crop. 
Corn which does not grow off quickly and make con- 
tinuous rapid growth rarely makes a satisfactory 
yield. We are, however, hoping to see now some 



430 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



summer weather and this will, if it comes, help the 
crop materially. There is plenty of moisture in the 
soil, and this is a great factor in the growth of the 
crop. 



The tobacco crop was late planted, and much of it 
set oxit in land too dry for the young plants to have 
a chance to start growth at once. Since it was 
planted the weather has been too cool for the best 
progress, and so prospects are not of the brightest. 
The reports we receive lead us to believe that there is 
a less area planted than last year. 



The cotton crop prospects are distinctly unfavor- 
able, as the average condition on the 26th of May 
was only 74, as compared with 95 on May 26, 1902, 
and a ten-year average of 86. This condition is for 
the cotton States as a whole, and for Georgia, Ala- 
bama and Texas in particular — the lowest condition 
ever reported at this season of the year. The crop 
is almost everywhere from ten to twenty-one days 
late. There is an increase in the area planted of over 
1,000,000 acres. 



The drought of May has materially reduced the 
hay crop of the country generally, and indications are 
that this will have the effect of causing firm prices to 
prevail during the year. Here, whilst the earliest 
crops have been much shortened, there is yet time for 
much of this deficiency to be made good by second 
crops. 



Reviewing these conditions it would not seem that 
prospects are of the brightest, but with a fine late 
summer and fall there is yet the chance that southern 
farmers may not be amongst those who will suffer 
most. There is yet ample time to plant forage crops 
to make good any deficiency in the hay crops and for 
fodder, and we would urge that no efforts should be 
spared to attain this end. The probable shortage 
of the corn crop should be supplemented by cow 
peas planted for a seed crop. 



Prices for all farm and truck crops and for stock 
keep good, and with such prospects as we have indi- 
cated for fiiture crops and with the enormous con- 
sumption which a fully employed population calls 
for, we see no reason to anticipate any drop in these. 
Whatever the farm produces can be readily sold, and 
at a paying price. We would, therefore, urge the 
production of everything possible. 



The cultivation of the corn crop should receive 
very particular attention this month, as upon the 
effectiveness of this work will largely depend how 
far the present backward and unpromising condition 
of the crop is to be improved upon. With such culti- 
vation as can, and. ought to, be given, and with the 
moisture now in the land, if we have only hot weather 
this condition can be so improved as to bring the 
yield nearly up to the average. Few farmers appre- 
ciate what an important factor the presence of abun- 
dant moisture in the land is to the well doing of the 
corn crop and how necessary it is to conserve it. In 
experiments made at the Wisconsin Experiment 
Station it has been found that it requires about 310 
pounds of water to produce a single pound of dry 
matter. By figuring up the amount of dry matter in 
an 80-acre field of corn and multiplying by 310 the 
pounds of water that are required to produce the 
crop will be secured. The result is astonishing. 

It does not seem possible that such an enormous 
quantity of moisture can be secured by the corn 
plants during the growing season, and, more impor- 
tant than all, this moisture,. In most part, Is used 
during July and August, the months of least rainfall 
in the year ; so it can easily be seen that the conserva- 
tion of the moisture in the soil is an exceedingly im- 
portant problem, and one which every corn grower 
in the country will find it profitable to investigate. 

The Illinois Station conducted exhaustive tests of 
the comparative amount of moisture conserved by the 
different methods of cultivation. Two things were 
found to be true: First, that deep cultivation con- 
serves soil moisture; and, second, that frequent cul- 
tivation conserves the moisture most effectively of all 
plans of cultivation. It wa*s found that in the deep 
cultivations, despite the excess of moisture, the yield 
was very low, compared with shallow culture. To 
find the cause of this an extensive series of experi- 
ments with the pruning or cutting off of the roots 
of the corn plant was conducted. 

In this root-pruning experiment a field of corn was 
selected and one row was root pruned two inches 
deep. This root pruning was done with a broad, 
sharp spade. The spade was set down about six 
inches from the stalk of corn in the hill on every side 
of the hill. The spade was pushed down into the soil 
and a guard allowed it to penetrate just to the depth 
planned for in the experiment. The whole field was 
cultivated Avith a weeder and all weeds not removed 
in this way were cut out by hand. This was done 
so that the rows of corn would receive equal cultiva- 
tion and be under like conditions. The pruning was 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



431 



done three times in the season at about tne ordinary 
times of cultivation. The second row was not 
pruned and the third row was pruned four inches 
deep. The fourth row was not pruned and the fifth 
row was pruned six inches deep. This was repeated 
until a large field was treated in this manner. 

The resulting yields were as follows for three 
seasons: Not pruned, 62 bushels an acre; pruned 
two inches deep, 60 bushels an acre: pruned four 
inches deep, 45 bushels an acre; pruned six inches 
deep, 30 bushels an acre. 

In fact, these, and all other similar experiments, 
simply prove that any injury to the roots of the plants 
reduces the yield. The amount of this reduction 
was about in proportion to the number of roots cut 
off. These experiments explain very clearly the re- 
duction of the yield by deep cultivation. 

The results of experiments, and from practical 
experience, are to the effect that continued cultiva- 
tion, keeping a loose mulch on the surface of the soil, 
gives the best results. The general practice coming 
into vogue among the most progressive and successful 
corn growers is that after corn reaches a height to 
interfere in cultivating with the ordinary two-horse 
cultivator, to use a single horse with a five-tooth 
harrow or drag and cultivate between the rows of 
corn during the setting of the ears on the stalks. 
The yields to the acre of 100 bushels have been se- 
cured by this plan, and experience has proved it to be 
practical and successful on a large scale. 

With the results of these experiments before you 
cultivate shallow, cultivate frequently, and the re- 
sult with the land so full of moisture, as it now is, 
will probably be a yield of corn which may suffice to 
make good the deficiency which an ungenial May, 
and consequent late planting, threatens. 



fertility and moisture and prevent washing, and at 
the same time furnish fall, winter and spring grazing 
for stock. 



After the small grain crops have been harvested, 
and when not seeded in grass or clover, run over the 
stubble with a disc harrow and sow either cow peas 
or crimson clover or sapling clover or rape, with some 
wheat or oats mixed with these, and thus find the 
land something better to do than grow a crop of 
weeds, which only impoverish the land and make no 
contribution towards carrying the live stock of the 
farm or even furnish more than the very smallest 
quantity of vegetable matter for making humus. It 
is of vital importance to the maintenance and en- 
hancement of the fertility of land in the South that 
some cover crop should be kept on the land at all 
times. Naked land becomes reduced in fertility 
faster than when growing a crop. 



Let the same careful and frequent cultivation be 
given the cotton and tobacco crops. The same prin- 
ciples apply to these as to the corn crop, though these 
being crops having a less widely ramified root system 
there is less danger of root pruning in the middles of 
the rows with somewhat deeper cultivation than 
would be safe with the corn crop. 



When it is impossible longer to continue cultiva- 
tion without breaking down the stalks or leaves, then 
lay the crop by level, and in doing so seed the land 
with cow peas or crimson clover, sapling clover and 
a small quantity of rape, say two pounds to the acre, 
so that when the principal crop is harvested there will 
be something left growing on the land to conserve 



Where clover or grass has been seeded with the 
small grain crops see that the weeds, which spring 
up as soon as the crops are cut, are not allowed to 
flower and seed. There doing so robs the grass and 
clover of moisture and plant food and often makes 
a good stand at the cutting of the crop a failure before 
winter sets in, and in any event sends it into winter 
weakened and tender, and hence more subject to win- 
ter killing. Set the mower high enough to clip the 
weeds without taking too much off the clover and 
grass and leave the weed cuttings as a mulch. These 
will sink down into the bottom and form a protection 
to the roots in winter. 



This month and August are the best times for 
seeding dwarf Essex rape for fall, winter and spring 
grazing for sheep, hogs and young cattle. This crop 
is most valuable for this purpose, but cannot be 
cured for dry forage. An acre of rape has been 
found to be the equivalent of 2,767 pounds of grain 
when fed to hogs at the Wisconsin Experiment Sta- 
tion. Sheep and lambs fatten on it quickly, but it 
is not fit to feed to milch cows, as it is apt to taint 
the milk. Three or four pounds of seed will sow an 
acre broadcast or two pounds will sow the same area 
in drills two feet apart. It makes a heavier crop 
when sown in drill and cultivated two or three times. 



Prepare land for rutabagas and turnips. These 
crops, in order to be grown successfully, require the 
land to be finely broken and be in a good state of 
fertility. A dressing of 500 or 600 pounds of acid 



432 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



phosphate per acre will be found profitable, even on 
good land. Rutagabas should be sown this month 
or in the first half of August. They make a crop 
that keeps better than common turnips and are better 
feed for stock. With heavy fertilization with farm- 
yard manure and acid phosphate — twenty-five or 
thirty tons to the acre — can be easily grown, and they 
will be found of inestimable value in the winter for 
feeding cows, sheep and hogs. They are best sown 
in drills 2 feet 6 inches apart. After the plants have 
made two or three leaves they should be thinned out 
in the rows so as to stand six or eight inches apart, 
and should be kept cultivated and free from weeds. 
Two pounds of seed will sow an acre in this way. If 
sown broadcast four pounds of seed will be needed. 
Turnips may be sown in August and September. 



Soy beans and cow peas intended for hay should 
be cut when in bloom or when the first pods are 
formed, and should be raked into windrow after they 
have wilted and partially dried and be allowed to 
cure in these rows for a day and then be put into 
cock to complete the curing. In this way the leaves, 
which are the richest part of the plant in food value, 
will be saved and bright, green hay Avill be made. 
After standing in cock a few days open out after the 
dew is off and sun for an hour or two and haul to 
the barn and pack down tight. If free from rain, 
water or dew the hay will keep perfectly, even though 
still having considerable natural moisture in it. It 
will heat considerably, but this will not injure it if 
not disturbed until cool again. Sorghum for hay 
should be cured in the same way. Cut before the 
plant blooms and seed forms. 



Millet of the different varieties — German, Hun- 
garian and Cat-tail — may yet be sown for hay and 
will be ready for cutting in from sixty to seventy-five 
days. Earlier-sown crops should be cut and made 
into hay as tbey come into bloom and before the seed 
forms. We consider German millet the best variety 
to grow for a hay crop. Sow a bushel of seed to the 
acre on finely prepared land and roll after sowing. 



When threshing the wheat and oat crops see that 
the straw and chaff are carefully saved, and have 
the straw put up into stacks of a convenient size for 
being put into the barn — a stack at a time — when 
needed. With good, sweet straw, roots and cow peas 
or soy-bean hay, young cattle can be kept growing 
and improving all winter, and will make a large heap 
of manure for the improvement of the land. 



ALFALFA. 

In our last issue we wrote an article in which we 
strongly encouraged the growing of alfalfa in the 
South, and dealt with some of the problems involved 
in the production of the crop. We will now take up 
one or two other factors which lack of space then 
compelled us to pass by. Before doing so, however, 
we want to bring to the notice of southern farmers 
what is being done in one Southern State (Louisiana) 
in the production of alfalfa and what a source of 
profit it is found to be. In that State a considerable 
number of cotton planters have for several years 
grown the crop experimentally, and within the past 
two or three years have become so satisfied of its 
profitableness that they are now growing it largely 
for market. One of these gentlemen, Mr. W. L. 
Foster, who has four hundred acres planted, says: 
"It seems to me that this queen of all hay and forage 
plants is too little understood, otherwise there would 
not be a ton of hay shipped into Louisiana. On the 
contrary there would be thousands of tons shipped 
out of the State at a better profit than is made on cot- 
ton, even at present high prices. I am not chemist 
or botanist enough to say on what lands in the State 
it will grow profitably, but believe that with proper 
expenditure of time in preparation, manuring and 
nursing it can be made to grow any where in the 
State. I have seen it growing luxuriously on the poor 
and worn hill land of the Experiment Station in 
North Louisiana, but much time and expense was 
required. On the river lands between Baton Rouge 
and New Orleans it seems to thrive well, and on the 
Red river it seems to be perfectly at home. I may 
say that I use it as a profit crop on our low, stiff, red 
lands that will not produce profitably any other 
crop. Its value as a feed for horses, mules, cows 
and hogs is unequalled by any other food. Hogs will 
make splendid growth on it and fatten readily with- 
out any other feed, and that, too, with twenty or 
twenty-five to the acre, where it grows well. Again, 
it is a fine fertilizer crop. Your land is improving 
each year it grows on it, and when you wish to get 
rid of it (which will be never unless you want to 
plant it somewhere else) it. is as easily killed as oats 
or corn. * * * I am free to say that if alfalfa 
hay is worth as many dollars per ton as cotton is 
worth cents per pound, I would prefer to raise the 
alfalfa. On our soils, with ordinary seasons for 
growing and harvesting, we get three to five cuttings, 
averaging from one half to a ton of cured hay per 
cutting, and bringing in our market at Shreveport 
from $8 to $15 per ton. The cost of handling varies, 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



433 



of course, with the seasons. It costs just as much to 
cut and rake one half ton per acre as it does to cut 
and rake a tone per acre. From my experience, and 
my alfalfa account, it costs an average of $1.25 to 
$2.00 per ton to put in shape for the market. An 
intelligent negro near our plantation, who works 
twenty mules raising cotton, told me he had sold $500 
worth of surplus hay per year off twenty acres. For 
the last two years off sixty acres he has sold enough 
to very nearly make his cotton crop clear. I think 
a very conservative estimate would be $15 to $30 per 
acre net per year, not counting the pasturage in fall, 
winter and spring. My advice to every one who 
works land would be to plant a small patch of 
alfalfa for trial. Tf he succeeded with it he would 
have the most valuable crop that grows ; if he failed 
it would be the most laudable failure he ever made. 
In 1900 my overseer made with wage hands 253 bales 
of cotton costing in money outlay $4,500 and bring- 
ing on the market $10,575. In 1901 the same man 
with the same labor, on poorer land, harvested 1,100 
tons of alfalfa, selling in car-load lots for $15 per 
ton. or a total valuation of $16,500, with a money" 
outlay for labor and machinery repairs of $1,500. 
In one case it. required about 45 per cent, of the gross 
value of the cotton to get it ready for the market ; in 
the other it required only 10 per cent, of the gross 
value of the alfalfa to put it on the market." 

With such testimony as this from a southern 
grower in favor of the crop there should be no hesi- 
tancy on the part of all southern farmers in making 
an effort to secure a stand of alfalfa. In our article 
last month we pointed out the importance of getting 
rid of weeds before attempting to grow the crop and 
also the necessity for lime to render the land slightly 
alkaline before seeding. Like all the clovers, alfalfa 
cannot grow in acid soil, nor can the microbes, which 
are so essential to the luxuriant growth of the crop, 
flourish and multiply in acid soil. "Without these 
present the crop cannot obtain the nitrogen which it 
needs from the atmosphere, nor can the land be im- 
proved by its growth. Wherever these microbes are 
absent in the soil the success of the crop cannot be 
assured. It is, therefore, of great importance that the 
best means of securing them should be considered. 
In Illinois, where the growth of alfalfa is being en- 
couraged, it was found that even in the rich prairie 
soils there was not a sufficient supply of nitrogen 
for the crop to make a luxuriant growth, and as the 
soil was not infected with the bacteria necessary to 
enable the crop to get its nitrogen from the atmos- 
phere, the yield was not satisfactory. Dr. Hopkins, 



of the Illinois Experiment Station, set about to con- 
serve the soil nitrogen and obtain the required 
quantity of that element from the air. He accom- 
plished this by obtaining from Kansas bags of soil 
taken from fields of alfalfa in which the bacteria 
were known to be present, and this soil he sowed on 
plots of alfalfa at the Experiment. Station. Adjoin- 
ing plots were uninoculated. In the fall of the same 
year a marked difference, which is still very pro- 
nounced, was noted in the growth of the alfalfa c»n 
the infected plots and untreated plots, the plants on 
the former being vastly more vigorous and luxuriant 
than those on the latter. Results quite as conclusive 
as showing the effectiveness of inoculation have Deen 
seciired by Illinois farmers from the Wisconsin line 
to Cairo. Wherever infected soil is used rapid and 
abundant growth is induced. Examination showed 
that tubercles were plentiful on the roots of the plants 
in the inoculated soil, and this proved Dr. Hopkins's 
theory of soil inoculation. Plants in the uninocu- 
lated plots drew their nitrogen from the soil which, 
although very fertile, contained an inadequate supply 
to enable the plants to grow apace with their neigh- 
bors that derived nitrogen from the atmosphere. He 
asserts that "No crop grown in Illinois requires such 
large quantities of nitrogen as alfalfa." Large 
quantities of manure or commercial fertilizer con- 
taining nitrogen might have been applied to the un- 
inoculated plots, but even this course, it is now 
known, could not have produced the enormous growth 
of alfalfa which was obtained on the infected plots. 

Dr. Hopkins recommends the use of about 100 
pounds of the infected soil per acre. It may be 
sown when the alfalfa is sown or after any cutting 
of the crop the first season. The Illinois Experiment 
Station now supplies the farmers of that State with 
bags of infected soil at the cost of 50 cents per 100- 
pound bag, and wherever this infected soil has been 
applied, and the conditions of soil and preparation 
for the crop have been good, there alfalfa has grown 
most successfully. 

Mr. Ralph Allen, of Tazewell county, 111., writing 
on this subject in the Breeders' Gazette, says : 

I seeded a field of four acres last year and met with 
both mariked success and complete failure — success in 
that portion of the field where the soil was inocu- 
lated and failure where there was no inoculation. 
My field was thoroughly prepared and a very even 
stand obtained. At the time of seeding I sowed about 
one acre across the field with soil infected with alfalfa 
bacteria, or, in other words, with soil in which 
alfalfa had grown successfully with its root tubercles 
in abundance. I applied about 100 pounds of this 



434 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



soil to the acre. The whole field grew well during the 
sximmer, and root tubercles were found in abundance 
six weeks after seeding on a small part of the infected 
acre where the infection had been very heavily ap- 
plied. As the season advanced the infected acre be- 
gan to show more thrift, and at the end of the season 
was noticeably larger than the uninfected parts. This 
spring the field presented on May 10th a most con- 
vincing proof of the absolute necessity of soil inocu- 
lation. The growth of the alfalfa on the infected 
acre had exceeded our most sanguine expectations. 
It is of a dark-green color and making an enormous 
growth. The drainage has carried the infection in 
streaks and spots to the lower parts of the field, all of 
which show the same luxuriance. The division line 
separating a narrow strip of uninfected land on the 
upper side of the field toward which there has been 
no drainage is as distinctly marked as the boundary 
of a field. On those portions of the field where there 
has been no inoculation the alfalfa is of a pale-yellow 
color and very much of it is so feeble and stunted 
that it will soon die out unless assisted. I have pro- 
cured more soil with which to inoculate these remain- 
ing parts of the field. 

I would urge those who attempt to grow alfalfa to 
go at it in the right sure way — do not take chances. 
Where one man will succeed without systematic inoc- 
ulation a score of men will fail. To depend on the 
infection which is in the seed is too hazardous and too 
expensive, and usually entails the loss of the first 
seeding with the consequent loss of the use of the 
land and labor for the year. 

Infected soil can be procured for 50 cents per 100 
pounds and the freight added. This is enough for 
an acre. I procured both lots of soil that I used 
from the Illinois Experiment Station. It may be 
procured from well-established alfalfa fields where 
there is an abundance of root tubercles. There is 
no great mountain in the path ; just get the infected 
soil and sow it broadcast, by hand, if you like, one 
handful at a throw. Sow at the time of seeding and 
harrow it in : the little fellows in the dirt will do 
the rest." 

There are already several places in this and ad- 
joining States where alfalfa is growing successfully, 
and no doubt the OAvners of these farms will gladly 
supply small quantities of infected soil to their neigh- 
bors. It would be of great service to the Soiith- 
ern States if the Experiment stations and the Test 
farms, in connection with the State Boards of Agri- 
culture, would follow the example of the Illinois 
Experiment Station and supply bacteria-infected soil 
to farmers at a nominal cost. We commend this sub- 
ject to the attention of the directors of the stations 
and the Presidents of the State Boards of Agricuh 



ture. It is of such vital importance to the prosperity 
of the South that successful stands of alfalfa be 
secured that no efforts should belacking to attain 
this end. Whilst it is true that a successful stand 
may sometimes be obtained without the use of bac- 
teria-infected soil, yet the chances are against it be- 
ing more than a weak stand for a few years, at least, 
as the bacteria carried with the seed is so small in 
quantity that it takes a long time to infect a' whole 
field. We would suggest that farmers who have se- 
cured a good stand of alfalfa should make the fact 
known throughour columns and offer to supply small 
quantities of soil for a nominal cost. We will gladly 
make the announcement free of charge. With alfalfa 
secured as a staple crop of the Soutft there is scarcely 
a limit to be placed on the quantity of live stock 
which we can raise and feed profitably, whilst as a 
sale crop it will, no doubt, quickly find a good market. 



SILO BUILDING. 



In our last issue, when writing on the planting of 
crops for ensilage, we promised to say something in 
this issue on the building of a silo. Whilst there are 
not yet one-tenth of the silos in the South which we 
hope to see built, yet there is a healthy tone of in- 
quiry about these adjuncts to the storage capacity of 
the farm which is very cheering to those of us who 
remember the time when no silo could be found in this 
State. Every year we receive more inquiries as to 
the feasibility of building a silo and feeding en- 
silage, and we have never yet met with the man who 
has once used a silo and fed ensilage who has dis- 
carded the practice and gone back to dry forage stored 
in a barn or stack. The silo, in a word, is the cheap- 
est barn which a man can build, and ensilage is the 
nearest approach to food in its natural fresh, succu- 
lent state which can be fed to stock. It is also the 
only barn in which a crop can be stored, either wet 
or dry, and come out good feed. These being facts, 
the wonder is that more of our farmers do not avail 
themselves of such desirable aids to profitable farm- 
ing. Too often the explanation of the neglect to do 
so arises from ignorance, and yet thousands of pages 
of instruction on the matter have been penned and 
published. The idea that a silo is a. complicated and 
costly structure and the making of ensilage a scien- 
tific work has hitherto largely prevailed, and this 
has sufficed to prevent consideration of the subject. 
The truth is, that a silo is nothing more than an air- 
tight tub which any common carpenter who knows 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



435 



how to build a frame building can erect almost as well 
as a scientific builder, and that ensilage can be made 
in this tub by any common laborer who knows how 
to cut up the corn or any other forage crop into short 
lengths and pack it tightly in the tub. Whilst saying 
this Ave do not mean to say that the best silo can be. 
built by such a man as we have described, because 
this would be to disparage the value of scientific 
knoAvledge unduly; nor would the common laborer 
who knows nothing of the laws governing the fer- 
mentation of green or succulent feed make as good 
and perfect silage as the scientist who had given 
study to the subject. The difference between having 
the silo built by a good builder having a knowledge 
of the principles governing the requirements of a 
practically air-tight chamber to be subjected to a 
considerable strain, is that in the one case you would 
get a building which would be likely to last much 
longer and save much feed in the process of curing, 
whilst in the other case you would probably find it 
necessary to rebuild in a few years, and in the mean- 
time lose each year the food which would feed seve- 
ral cows for a week or two. The inexperienced 
laborer would probably waste a still larger portion 
of the crop from inattention to careful packing, but 
even under the conditions of an inexperienced builder 
and a common laborer, much less of the feed grown 
would, in all probability, be wasted than is wasted 
now every year by carelessly leaving the feed out of 
doors or storing it in a leaky shed or barn. The great 
advantage which a silo gives to a farmer is that n 
enables him to store in a small space the produce of a 
large area and that it keeps the food so stored in that 
succulent condition which is most conducive to a 
profitable consumption by stock. It does not add to 
the feeding value of the crop converted into ensilage, 
except in so far as the partial cooking which it under- 
goes makes it probably more palatable and easier of 
digestion and makes less waste, in that the hard parts 
of the stalks are softened and so more readily eaten. 
Another great advantage which a silo possesses is that 
it enables, nay, requires, that the crop which is 
siloed shall be cut when in full growth and at a time 
when its feeding properties are at the best and that 
it preserves these in that condition and places the 
food in a shape ready for immediate consumption 
by the stock, so that whatever may be the weather 
conditions during the winter, a ration of good, succu- 
lent feed is ready at all times for the stock and capa- 
ble of being fed to them with little trouble and ex- 
pense. The first point to be considered and decided 
upon is the size of silo required to meet the needs 



of the stock kept. To arrive at this it will be safe 
to estimate the consumption of silage per day per 
head of cattle at forty pounds. Multiply this by the 
number of cattle to be fed and then by the number of 
days for which feed is to be provided, and you have 
the number of pounds for which stoiage is required. 
Forty pounds may be taken as the weight of an 
average cubic foot of silage, so that practically each 
head of cattle will consume a cubic foot of silage per 
day. In estimating the size of silo required there 
must be provided not only space for this quantity of 
silage when settled, but also space for the packing 
of sufficient feed to make this quantity of settled 
silage. To provide for this, add one-fourth to the 
number of cubic feet of settled silage called for. 
Whilst it is true that silage does not usually settle 
one-fourth of its original bulk, yet much depends 
as to this on the size, and particularly the depth of 
the silo, and this is a safe allowance to be made. 
The silo to hold this quantity of silage so ascertained, 
may be either round, square, oblong or octagonal, but 
we advise the building of a round silo, as the best 
silage is usually made in a round building, as the 
settling is usually more perfect and regular, there 
being no corners to hold the food, and there is usually 
less waste in a round one, as there are no corners 
where the food can lie loosely and thus spoil. The 
most essential point in building the silo is to get the 
greatest depth with the capacity required. The less 
the surface exposed to the air when the silo is opened 
for feeding the less the waste. The greater the depth 
the better will the silage be compressed and the bet- 
ter the quality of the feed. For guidance in selecting 
the size of building to be put up, we append a table 
giving the capacity of round silos of different sizes. 

If it is decided to put up a silo of the best con- 
struction the plans and specifications adopted in 
building the two silos at the Virginia Experiment 
Station may be safely followed. These are two of the 
best silos we ever saw, and if kept painted inside with 
pitch and outside with paint, should last a lifetime. 
They are each twenty-four feet in diameter and 
twenty-four feet deep from sill to plate, and will hold 
about 200 tons each. The following were the build- 
er's specifications for building these silos : 

Sills. — Sills to be made of two thicknesses, 2 inches 
by 6 inches stuff cut to required circle in about 3- 
foot lengths. Lap and spike all joinings and bed in 
cement. 

Plates. — Plates to be made of single 2-inch by 6- 
inch stuff, cut to required circle, halved, lapped and 
joined only on top of a stud and nailed down tight. 



436 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



Studs — Studs to be 2 inches by 4 inches by 24 
feet long, well toe-nailed to plate and spaced llf 
inches on centers. Take care to have all studs true 
and straight. Rafters to be 2 inches by 6 inches, and 
arranged as shown on drawing. Notch down 2 
inches on plate and spike well at all points. 

Roof Sheating. — Roof to be sheated with 1-inch 
by 2-inch boards, bent to circle, and the boards laid 
5 inches from center to center. 

Siding. — Outside walls to be covered with a course 
of § th by 5^-inch ship lap siding, bent to circle and 
nailed with two ten-penny wire nails at each stud. 
Inside studs to be lined, first, with dry §x4 inch 
jointed boards of even thickness. Nail at each stud 
with two eight penny nails. Over this lay a course 
of one-ply tar paper. Then lay a course of dry 
tongued and groved ceiling § inches thick and 4 
inches face drawn down tight by. blind nailing 
with eight penny nails at each stud, and face nail 
with two penny nails at each stud. 

Dormer. — Construct a dormer window in each 
roof. Frame stoutly to rafters, and provide a stout 
glazed sash and frame, frame to be made of 1-inch 
boards with half inch stop ; 3-inch oak sill, lx^ inch 
outside casing and 1x4 inch inside casing, window to 
be 3x4 feet glazed, with 12 lights, single thick glass. 
Hang on 4 inch butt hinges and provide hasp, staple 
and padlock on outside. 

Boors. — There shall be placed three 2x4 feet doors 
in each silo, each to be on the same vertical line and 
each opening into chute. These doors are to be made 
by cutting out the inside lining. Before cutting 
out put on two battens to each door, two 6 inch strap 
hinges to each door. After this is done the door may 
be cut out and Avill fit snugly. Place a door stop all 
round, thereby forming a rebate for the door to fit 
in. Open doors into silo or chute, as directed by 
superintendent and provide hasp and staple for each 
door. 

Ventilator. — -Place a ventilator in roof, as shown 
in drawing, lower slats to be half inch by 6 inches, 
turned on angle of 45°, and spaced 3-inch centers 
and wire gauzed on back to prevent entrance of birds. 

Ventilation.- — Walls to be ventilated as follows: 
Siding on outside is to run up and fit close to roof 
sheating; siding at top and bottom to be bored with 
1-inch holes in a double row, the holes being spaced 
about 3 inches apart horizontally ; cover with bands 
of wire gauze to keep out mice. 

Gutter and. Cornice. — Cornice will consist simply 
of rafter ends and sheathing. 

A silo built on the lines of the foregoing specifi- 



cation will make as fine and durable a building as 
any one need wish to have. For those who are not in 
a position to spend the money which such a silo will 
cost, and yet desire to have silage for their stock, we 
now give particulars of a stave silo, which is the 
cheapest form of such a building, and whilst not 
adapted for a cold northern climate, meets all the re- 
quirements of this southern country as a perfect 
preserver of the feed. We take the particulars from 
a description given by Professor Nourse, of the Ex- 
periment Station, Blacksburg, Va., of such a silo 
built at Blacksburg before the completion of the 
silos of which we have given the specifications. He 
says : "We obtained some green oak lumber (the only 
kind we could get at short notice"), 16 feet long 6 
inches wide and 2 inches thick. The edges were 
dressed by hand. Round iron bands, five in number, 
large enough to encircle the silo, and with threads on 
end, Avere bought and held in readiness for the plank. 
The silo, erected by contract, was placed in position 
as follows : The circle, 16 feet in diameter, was 
marked on the ground and short pieces of plank laid 
in such position as to cover the mark. Four of the 
long planks were then set on end on the circle and as 
far apart as possible. These were held in an upright 
position by braces in various directions. Two of the 
bands (made of f-inch iron) before mentioned were 
bent as nearly in a circle as possible and one placed 
about one foot from the bottom of the planks in the 
upright position and held there by driving under the 
band in each plank a twelve-penny nail, bending it 
up and over the band. The ends of the iron band 
Avith the threads on them were run through blocks 
of cast-iron Avith two holes through them about two 
inches apart, and a nut Avas then placed on each end 
of the band, thus giving a method for tightening the 
planks Avhen all were in position. A second band 
of iron Avas put about one foot from the top, and when 
several horses had. been made high enough for a 
man standing on them to reach the top of the silo, 
then we Avere ready to set up the rest of the plank. 
These Avere put in until the space Avas all full, each 
time one was put in a nail being driven part way 
into the plank and bent over the band. The bands 
Avere then tightened somewhat and three more bands 
were so placed as to make the bands not quite four 
feet apart. By turning up the nuts on all the bands 
the silo was soon tight enough for the crop to be 
placed in. It will be noticed nothing is said about 
a roof. None was made. The silage Avas left open to 
the weather. The only result of this was a slight 
drying of the surface — not enough to injure it." Pro- 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



437 



fessor bourse recommends the following changes 
in erecting a similard silo as a result of the experience 
gained in the use of the first one: The- lnmher nsed 
was green oak. On account of its customary warping 
wo wonld not use it again if other lnmher were ob- 
tainable. We have taken out some of the planks and 
put in poplar. There was little loss in this, as the 
ones taken out were perfectly sound and fit for other 
purposes. Concerning the iron bands, we followed 
suggestions of parties who had erected similar silos. 
I would now do as follows: Procure fas can be 
usually done) partially worn tire iron from heavy 
wagons. Get a smith to rivet, not weld, these to- 
gether so that two hands will go around the silo. 
Rivet to the ends of these bands short pieces of iron 
one-half inch thick by 2 inches wide. Bend up 3 
inches of this thick iron and punch two three-quarter- 
inch holes in the turned up portion, For each band 
procure two bolts a foot long and three-quarters of an 
inch in diameter. Have threads ciit on bolts nearly 
the entire length and place these bolts through the 
holes in upturned ends ; put on nuts and tighten the 
silo. These are stronger, cheaper and easier to work 
than the round bands. In the spring of 1S97 we 
erected a silo twelve feet high by ten feet in diameter, 
using poplar plank and tire bands. Tt was filled Avith 
oats cut just before they were beginning to turn. 
The result was perfect ; crop kept good to the very 
side and in as fine condition as could be possible in 
any silo. To take the silage from a structure of this 
kind it is necessary to cut apertures at intervals. In 
our 16-foot one we have two places and in the 12- 
foot one only one from which we take the product. 
In refilling we take out the cut planks and insert 
whole ones again. 

The cost of the 10-foot silo was as follows: 

104 planks, 16 feet long, 2x6 inches $16 64 

Five iron bands at $2 each 10 00 

Contract price for erecting 10 00 

Nails, about 30 



$36 94 
The cost of the smaller silo was as follows: 

Plank, valued at $10 per thousand $ 6 30 

Contract for erecting 5 00 

Four iron bands at $1.20 each 4 80 

Nails, about 20 



$16 30 

The edges of the plank in the smaller silo were 

not dressed, as we found it entirely unnecessary. 

Any person can erect a silo of this sort, and if a 



fanner has the lumber on his farm the actual cash 
outlay wonld be reduced to the cost of the iron bands 

and nails. 

ESTIMATES FOB SILOS. 

Estimated size of silo needed, and number of acres 
required for a given number of cows, for a feeding 
season of ISO davs: 



No. Cows. 


Estimated 

Consumption 

of Silage. 

Tons. 


Size of 

Silio Needed. 

Diam. lit 


Average Acres 
Corn Needed. 


6 


20 


9x20 


1 to 2 


9 


30 


10x22 


2 to 3 


13 


45 


1 1x25 


3 to '4 


21 


74 


13x29 


5 to 6 


25 


90 


14x30 


6 to 7 



We have now put before our readers the informa- 
tion needed to enable them to provide either a costly 
or a cheap silo. Given either the one or the other, 
there is needed the machinery to fill it. This means 
a cutting or shredding machine, with an elevator and 
power- to drive these. Wherever more than two oi" 
three cows and the like number of horses or mules 
are kept, a cutting or shredding machine — and we 
prefer a shredder, as making a more palatable and 
better consumed food — ought to be a part of the 
permanent outfit of the farm, with either horse or 
engine power to drive it. The best power, in our 
opinion, for a farm is a gasoline engine. It is less 
liable to cause fire than a steam engine and does not 
require the special attention of an engineer to run it. 
T t is also coro -".iea] 1 1 working cost, and is ready to 
run at any moment if supplied with oil. Where 
such an engine or other power and cutter and shredder 
is part of the outfit of the farm it can be used to fill 
the silo, which should be so placed as that this can be 
utilized. An elevator is needed to carry the cut corn 
or other crop to the top of the silo. The old style of 
elevator — an endless band — is now almost superseded 
by the "blower," which is much more effective and 
works without hitch, which could not be said of the 
endless band elevator. In many sections these outfits 
for filling silos are now carried round the country 
from farm to farm like separators. Where this is 
the case they can usually be used with economy in 
doing the work. It would, in many sections, be 
Avise economy on the part of a number of neighboring 
farmers to combine together and buy an engine, corn 
husker, shredder and blower. We would urge that 
the question of building a silo be at once given con- 
sideration. Tf it is to be added to the farm — and if 
once added it Avill never again be dispensed Avith — 
noAv is the time to build it so that it may be ready to 
he filled in August and September and the silage be 



438 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



ready for feeding November or December. A silo 
means the saving and economical feeding of all the 
roughage of the farm and the carrying of twice as 
great a head of stock as is possible without it. 



JOHNSON GRASS IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I see several readers of the Southern Planter want 
to know how Johnson grass does north of Richmond. 
I will tell them my experience with it in Hanover 
county, on the Pamunkey river. Some ten years 
back I cultivated some corn in a field that had three 
or four patches of Johnson grass in it of from a 
quarter to one acre in each. It is very hard to work 
any kind of crop where this grass is growing. As to 
its spreading. The patches are now two or three 
times as large as they were then, although the land 
has been cultivated every year by a good farmer. 
Cultivation won't kill it, but just makes it grow. But 
one year's pasturing will kill it dead. I ran a fence 
through a piece of it and put my stock on it, and 
they not only killed that in the pasture, but on the 
adjoining land as far as the cattle could reach it 
through the wire fence. This has been my experience 
with two pieces in two different years. Erom one 
of the pieces T cut four crops of hay, which would 
average over three feet high at each cutting. I fed 
it to my horses green and they eat it about like they 
would crimson clover. It will grow on almost any 
kind of land, and the richer the better. The piece I 
cut was on a black sandy loam which would make 
about four barrels of corn per acre. J. B. Lee. 

Hanover county, Ya. 



GRASSES AND LEGUMES IN EASTERN VIRGINIA 
AND NORTH CAROLINA. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Anent the question of wild grasses in Eastern 
North Carolina and Virginia, I am moved to wonder 
nor at their paucity, but at their abundance. Why, 
in my neighborhood, wire or Bermuda grass, Caro- 
lina vetch, sweet vernal, bluegrass, orchard grass, 
red and white clover, timothy and various types of 
lespidiza (Japan clover) grow on every roadside, lawn 
and corner of one's garden. I send you by to-day's 
mail a plant that for the last few 3'ears I have noticed 
in increasing amount on sandy spots that will 



scarcely grow anything else, and which I think is a 
legume. (The plant is a legume ; the botanical name 
is Trifolium arve7i.se. — En.) I notice stock seem fond 
of it, and it somewhat reminds me of alfalfa. It 
would seem to me that any of these grasses would, and 
could, grow if properly planted and cared for, but it 
is hard to remove the prejudice our farmers have for 
anything in the line of grass. 

I am a comparative novice in farming, but began 
right, six years ago, by subscribing for the Planter, 
and have learned a good deal from it. I tried first 
crimson clover, but prepared my ground for it and 
got no stand. The next year I tried sowing the seed 
in my corn-field behind the corn pullers and had a 
perfect stand. Learning that a seed-bed must be 
made that would hold the water up to the top and in 
reach of the clover roots, which are extremely deli- 
cate, I next year ploughed in wheat and then har- 
rowed my bed until so firm that a horse's hoof would 
not sink in it. Then I rolled in my clover and the 
result was marvellous. My wheat headed at fifty- 
four inches so thick it would hold up a hat, and my 
clover blossomed out at the same time at forty-eight 
inches, making the prettiest crop I ever saw, and 
one which the Director of our State Experiment Sta- 
tion said was the finest he ever saw. But I found, 
and still find, crimson clover hard to cure. And now 
comes my favorite of all grasses — sand vetch. Six 
years ago I sent a piece of grass I noticed my horse 
always headed for in the corner of my garden to 
Professor Massey for him to name, and he wrote me 
it was Carolina vetch. I read in the seed catalogue 
that sand vetch was better than the Carolina, so con- 
cluded to try it. Well, I still stick to it. The seeds 
man said it was hard to cure, but I find it easier than 
any other to make good hay of. Also, they said it 
grew four or five feet high. Mine often grows eigh- 
teen feet. I send you a specimen of my crop, 
and I want to know whether I grow it extra heavy 
or it is only another mistake of the seedsman. (The 
specimen plant was 9 feet 6 inches in length. This 
is more than the average.- — En.) Lastly, they said 
it was earlier than crimson clover, and that cattle 
had to be educated to eat it, both of which statements 
have proved erroneous with me. I find it is only an 
occasional animal that refuses it at first and that all 
grow to like it. Lastly, I want to tell the way to 
cut it : My crop is always so heavy that nothing will 
hold it up, and even in the middle of our late 
drought I found wet spots on the ground when I cut 
it, and this moisture so macerates the stems that a 
man can readily rake off the vines with a long tined 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



439 



rake, and this is the way I always cut mine, finding 
it both effective and rapid. 

I will close by relating an anecdote on one of our 
progressive young farmers — a patient of mine — who 
came to me the other day and said that he had sent 
$10 to a seedsman for Bermuda grass cuttings and 
that the man had actually sent him wire grass roots, 
and that he had more than enough of that already. 

Moral: He does not read the Planter. 

Edgecombe, county, N. C. C. E. Norfeeet. 

(Our correspondent is right as to the facility with 
which grasses and the legumes grow in Virginia and 
North Carolina when proper encouragement is given. 
If southern farmers would labor half as hard to se- 
cure stands of grass and clover as they do to kill them 
out, the South would soon be covered with a carpet 
of green not equalled by any other section of the 
country, and the result would be permanent pros- 
perity for the growers. — En.) 



ALFALFA EXPERIENCE IN VIRGINIA. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

A few days ago I enclosed you a plant which you 
pronounced alfalfa. Twenty-five years ago I sowed 
ten acres in alfalfa. It came up very scattering; 
there was only now and then a plant, so I ploughed it 
up. The next year I noticed a plant that I thought 
was alfalfa growing on a poor hillside about one 
hundred yards from the land I had seeded. This 
plant was growing near an old stump. I suppose a 
bird must have dropped the seed. Now and then 
since that time I have noticed this same plant. Your 
articles in the Planter have caused me to look after it, 
especially this spring, and although it has been very 
dry the plant is vigorous, healthy and looks as if it 
might stay twenty-five years more. The hillside upon 
which it grows has been considered too poor to cul- 
tivate. That is why it was never ploughed up. The 
land I sowed the alfalfa on was creek bottom; this 
plant grows on stiff red land with clay subsoil. Your 
articles, with this experience, will induce me to try 
it again this fall. 

If you think this experience is of interest enough 
to publish you are at liberty to do so. 

Bedford Co., Va. A. W. Scott. 



ENQUIRER'S COLUMN. 



An onion minced fine in cold slaw improves it for 
every one who does not object to the flavor of onions. 



Enquiries should be sent to the office of The Southern Plan- 
ter, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the month for 
replies to appear in the next month's issue. 



Tomato Worms. 

Can you tell me what to do for the tomato worm — 
the big green one like the tobacco worm. They are 
not on them yet, but I suppose will be, as they have 
in years past. 

Accomac Co., Va. Thomas D. Martin. 

Hand picking is the only practicable way of deal- 
ing with this worm. Paris green will kill them, but 
it is not practicable to apply this remedy after the 
fruits are set, as there would be danger of poisoning 
the consumers of the fruit. — Ed. 



Sassafras. 

In the April number of the Southern Planter a 
contributor advises the cutting of persimmon growth 
in the months of January and February as the time 
to exterminate it. Will not some one of your con- 
tributors advise as to the best way and time to de- 
stroy sassafras growth? 

Anne Aundel Co., Md. T. Seeeman Hale. 

In the February and April (1902) issues of the 
Planter will be found articles upon this subject, 
giving experience with different methods. — Ed. 



Potash for Clover. 

Will you kindly inform me if it is any advantage 
to top-dress clover with potash for the second crop. 
If so, what amount should be used to the acre ? 

Isle of Wight Co., Va. N. Peyton Young. 

No. We do not think you would find any benefit 
to the clover from the potash. Potash is slow in its 
action and should be worked into the land some time 
before the crop is planted for its action to be appre- 
ciated. A dressing of nitrate of soda, say 75 pounds 
to the acre, would no doubt help it to make a heavier 
crop. This is quick in action. We have seen its 
effect in ten davs. — Ed. 



Hog Yards. 

I can arrange my hog yards so they will be on high 
ground or extend them to lower ground, where hogs 
will have a wallow ; but this leaves an unsightly mud 
hole hard to clean up. Do you think hogs will do as 
well on high ground as if they were allowed to have 
a mud hole to wallow in ? 

Elizabeth City Co., Va. E. M. Eulton. 

Afake the hog yards on the high land. 



Hog wal- 



-.-*«>':- 



440 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



lows ought not to be formd on any farm. They are 
a constant source of disease and trotible, and are not 
called for by the natural habits or the health of the 
hogs. The hog is naturally a clean animal, but man, 
by his neglect of proper surroundings, has made him 
a synonym of filthiness. Keep them dry and clean 
and out of dusty beds and the hogs will be healthier 
and the meat more wholesome. See that there is in 
the yards an abundant supply of pure spring water 
alwavs at hand for drinkins:. — Ed. 



grease the legs of the cows and the parts where the 
ticks are most commonly found with fish oil or lard 
in which a little carbolic acid or kerosene oil has been 
mixed. — Et>. 



Rye and Crimson Clover. 

Can I plant rye and crimson clover after sweet 
potatoes and grow it sxiccessfully ? Could I graze 
pigs on same during winter months ? 

Sampson Co.. N. C. Subscriber. 

Yes. Sow as early as you can after digging the 
crop, so tbat the crimson clover may have a chance 
to make as much growth as possible before winter. 
We would mix some wheat and oats with the crop, as 
they make better grazing than rye. The crop should 
make some grazing in winter and good grazing in the 
early spring. — Ei>. 



Pickle-Making — Storing Irish and Sweet Potatoes. 

Please state through your valuable paper formula 
for putting up cucumber pickles to use through win- 
ter — same as those we purchase in kegs from grocers. 
Also name best method for putting away sweet and 
Irish potatoes to keep over winter without cold 
storage. Isaac H Dunlap. 

We regret to say that we are unable to give a re- 
ceipt for pickling cucumbers. The cucumbers are 
usually put up in strong brine by the growers and 
shipped to the pickle factories and are there con- 
verted into pickles. Perhaps some of our lady read- 
ers can give receipts for making the pickles. We 
jhave several times given instructions for storing 
Irish and sweet potatoes, and will endeavor to do so 
again in a later issue. It is too early yet to store 
these crops. — Ed. 



Ticks on Cows. 

My cattle are much troubled with ticks, which 
seem to get on them when in a certain pasture in 
which there is some woodland. 

The ticks cling between their legs and on the bags 
of the cows, and are very persistent in sticking on. 

Can you suggest a remedy ? If you can aid me I 
will be under many obligations. 

Montgomery. Ala. P. C. Masste. 

Have all the ticks picked off carefully and then 



Pruning Orchard. 

I have an orchard that has been planted for over 
eighteen years. The trees are thrifty enough (one 
of them, a heavy bearer, is the finest specimen of a 
tree that I have ever seen), but most of them haven't 
borne a peck of apples in the whole time. Some of 
the trees have been struck with the cedar blight — 
were struck before I knew of the danger; but they 
were good bearers. 

I have always pruned in the spring, but I believe 
that it has been decided that summer pruning is 
best for fruit. What I want to know is, in what 
month will I be safe in pruning? I do not want to 
prune at a time that will injure the trees. 

Davidson Co., N. C. P. Norton. 

Mr. Thomas, the author of the American Eruit 
Culturist, and one of the best authorities on fruit 
growing, writing on "Pruning as Affecting Eruitful- 
ness," says : "As a general rule the rapid formation 
of leaves and wood is adverse to the production of 
fruit. On the other hand the slow growth of the 
wood favors the formation of fruit buds and the pro- 
duction of heavy crops. These two adverse tenden- 
cies may be more or less controlled by pruning. 
When the too numerous branches of a tree produce 
more leaves than can be properly supplied with 
nourishment, resulting in a feeble or diminished 
growth, new vigor may often be imparted by judic- 
ious pruning, directing the sap into a smaller num- 
ber of channels and thus increasing its force. For 
example : Peach trees, after bearing some years, and 
yielding smaller fruit than on fresh, young trees, 
will assume all their former thriftiness by partly 
cutting back the heads. In such operations it is in- 
dispensable to observe the rule of cutting back in 
winter or early spring before the buds have swollen. 
If trees are too thrifty and do not bear, a check may 
be given and many of the leaf buds be thus changed 
to fruit buds by a continued pinching back during 
the summer. The production of fruit buds may be 
accomplished artificially by checking the growth of 
vigorous trees, but such treatment, out of the ordi- 
nary course of nature, though sometimes useful, 
should be cautiously applied, as the first crop gives 
still another check and often materially injures the 
tree and the quality of its subsequent crops. Another 
and unobjectionable mode of attaining the same end 
is summer pruning, which is effected by pinching off 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



441 



the soft ends of the side shoots after they have made 
a few inches' growth. In these the sap immediately 
accumulates and the young buds on the remainder 
of these shoots, which otherwise would produce leaves, 
are gradually changed into fruit buds. * * * 
It often happens when the pinching is done too early 
that the new buds send out shoots a second time the 
same season. These second shoots are to be pinched 
in the same manner as the first." — Ed. 



Patenting Fruit Trees. 

Is there a law that gives a man the right to patent 
an apple or any other fruit tree, and if so, does this 
patent prohibit others, who have the same apple or 
fruit, from budding or grafting or giving limbs to his 
neighbor to bud or graft for his own use ? 

Davidson Co., Term. T. I.. Ettqua. 

No patent can be granted for the production of 
an apple or any other tree, but a man may register 
the name which he gives to any particular fruit, and 
thereby acquire title to that name, which will pre- 
vent the same being appropriated by another grower. 
This would not hinder his disposing of the scions or 
buds from the tree in any way he thought proper, 
but rather would aid him in doing so. — Ed. 



Feed Value of Rutabagas. 

Please let me know the feed value of rutabaga tur- 
nips for hogs and cows. 

Duvlin Co., N. C. Thomas M. Dobson. 

The analysis of rutabagas shows their content to 
be as follows: Water, 88.01; ash, 1.15; protein, 
1.18; fiber, 1.25; nitrogen, free extract (Carbo- 
hydrate), 7.66; fat, 0.15. This does not show them 
to have a high feed value, but experience in the feed- 
ing of them has demonstrated that the analysis of 
their content does not fully disclose their value as 
a food. They have a cooling action on the stomach 
and blood, which encourages appetite and stimulates 
the assimilative powers of the stomach and other 
organs, enabling better results to be obtained from 
all the feed given to the animals eating them. In 
England they form one of the principal winter foods 
of all feeding stock. — Ed. 



Horses Rubbing Mane and Tail. 

I have some horses that rub their tails and manes. 
They have no lice, nor do they show any sign of 
worms. They are in good condition; they have ex- 
ercise every day by running to pasture or work. This 
itching seems to annoy them. I would like to know 



some way to prevent the itching and stop them, as it 
makes them look bad. It seems to be contagious. 

. iske Co., N. C. Eddie Young. 

Where it is certain that the horses have no lice 
on them, this rubbing is usually caused by over- 
heating of the blood from too rich food and too little 
work or exercise. Give a purgative ball and cut off 
some of the grain feed and substitute a bran mash 
once or twice a week and feed grass. Give plenty of 
work or exercise. A little sulphur fed in the mash 
twice a week will also have a cooling effect. Apply 
some grease to the roots of the mane and tail, there 
may possibly be some very small lice. Worms often 
cause rubbing of the tail. An injection into the 
anus of a solution of quassia chips in water will give 
relief from this trouble. — Ed. 



Irrigating Land. 

I have a farm, lately purchased — creek bottom — 
with a bold spring on it — a very large spring, in 
fact — running diagonally through it, with another 
large, unf ailing spring branch on the north side of 
the farm. These springs afford an abundance of 
water for irrigation if it could be utilized. Would 
irrigation by engine and hose be expedient and com- 
mendable ? Say, use a traction engine of sufficient 
power, which could also be used for various other 
purposes, such as for grinding feed or running a 
grist or flouring mill, etc., etc. This would reduce 
the cost of irrigation to a minimum and make irriga- 
tion feasible, so far as irrigation itself is concerned. 
But the question troubling me is, Would this manner 
of irrigation be expedient ? For example, would it 
be expedient to throw a stream of water on your fields 
and crops during the hours of sunshine? The pro- 
cess of irrigation could commence, say, at 4 P. M. 
and continue into the night awhile, if it would be in- 
expedient to attend to it in the heat and sunshine of 
the day. 

You may be disposed to inquire why resort to this 
method? One reason, the source of the water is, I 
fear, too low to raise it to the necessary height of 
carrying it through ditches, and another is the charac- 
ter of the soil is not such as to restrict the water to 
the ditch. I am a novice in the matter of irrigation 
and will greatly appreciate suggestions in this line 
through the Planter. 

Hamilton Co., Term. J. W. Ct-ift. 

This question of irrigating lands outside the arid 
belt is one which is engaging the attention of the 
authorities in the Department of Agriculture at 
Washington, who have already issued several bulletins 
on the subject. If you will write the Secretary of 
Agriculture he will, no doubt, have these forwarded 



442 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



to you. There is no question but that in many cases 
irrigation can be usefully and profitably used on 
lands in the East and South, but prehaps in most 
cases this will be found only to be so when the land 
is devoted to the production of truck and garden 
crops, which have a high value and can, therefore, 
bear a relatively high cost for production. In the 
case of the staple crops it is doubtful how far the 
system can be made to pay, especially where cost of 
pumping has to be incured. Simple gravity ditch 
irrigation might be found profitable possibly in many 
seasons. — Ed. 



Raising Colts. 

What "points" can some of your subscribers give 
me as to feeding and general treatment of colts ? 
Henderson Co., N. C. R- 

Will breeders please notice and reply? — Ed. 



Lice in the Hen House-Number of Roosters Re- 
quired—Fertility of Eggs. 

Is it possible to keep a new hen house, built en- 
tirely of new wood, free of lice when stocked with 
chickens raised in an incubator and brooder? 

2. How many roosters ought to be kept with 100 
hens to be sure of the eggs being all fertile ? 

3. Are pullet eggs (the pullet about 7 months old) 
as good for hatching in an incubator as those laid 
by an older hen? 

4. Is a young rooster, same age as pullets, as 
good as an older one ? 

Albemarle Co., Va. An Enquirer. 

1. It is practically impossible to keep lice out of 
any house, but in a new house built as described, and 
with chickens hatched and raised as described, they 
may easily be kept in subjection by whitewashing 
with lime wash in which some kerosene has been 
mixed, two or three times in the year, so as to cause 
no trouble. 

2. Not more than twenty hens should run with one 
rooster to ensure fertility of the eggs. 

3. Yes. The only drawback to using eggs from 
so young a hen is that the chickens may lack vitality 
and strength. Those from a 1 or 2-year-old hen are 
much more likely to have the required stamina to 
ensure good growth and resistance to disease. 

4. A young rooster is always better than an old 
one. A year-old bird is in his prime for securing 
fertility in the eggs. — Ed. 



Fig Tree Dropping Fruit. 

I have a fig bush on my place that dropped its fruit 



when nearly full grown. My neighbors tell me it 
has done so before, and that as far as they remember 
the bush has never carried fruit to maturity. This 
is the first season it is under my observation. The 
bush looks exceedingly thrifty — very full of leaves 
of glossy, dark hue. It was spaded around in the 
spring and thinned, as the stems or trees vwere very 
thick. It also received some fertilizer and barn-yard 
manure this spring, but had been neglected pre- 
viously, although it certainly looked thrifty all the 
time. Can you suggest a remedy ? 

Middlesex Co., Va. C. deBruynkops. 

Fig trees are very apt to drop their fruit if at all 
lacking in moisture at the time of the swelling of 
the fruit just previous to ripening. Probably this 
is the cause of your tree failing to mature the crop. 
The North Carolina Experiment Station, Raleigh, 
has experimented largely with fig growing and pub- 
lished one or two bulletins on the subject. Probably 
if you were to write the station they would send you 
the bulletins, which you might find serviceable. — Ed. 



Rotten Oak as a Fertilizer. 

Kindly advise me if rotten oak has any fertilizing 
value. J. C. Jacobs. 

No. It is not worth the trouble of hauling it. The 
only thing about it worth anything is the small 
amount of vegetable matter it contains, which adds 
that much to the humus content of the soil. — Ed. 



Improving Gravelly Land for Grass. 

The grove in front of my dwelling is a hillside, 
poor, gravelly soil, well shaded with white and post 
oak and hickory. I wish to sow same in grass for 
grazing purposes. Please state in your next issue 
best method to prepare ground, time to do it, kind 
of fertilizer and seeds to use, also amount per acre. 

Chatham Co., N. C. Isaac H. Dundap. 

This land will require, first, to be improved before 
it will carry a grass sod. We would plough it and 
then apply twenty-five bushels of lime to the acre 
and seed it with a mixture of crimson clover, sand 
vetch, oats and wheat, say twelve pounds of clover 
and a bushel of the grain mixed in equal parts. In 
the spring, say in April or May, plough this crop 
down and apply 500 pounds to the acre of acid phos- 
phate and fifty pounds of muriate of potash and sow 
with one bushel to the acre of cow peas. Graze this 
crop off and then in the early fall plough again and 
seed down with a mixture of Wood meadow grass, 
hard fescue, Virginia bluegrass, Kentucky bluegrass, 
perennial rye grass and white clover, two bushels to 
the acre. Give with this a dressing of 500 pounds 



.1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



443 



of bone meal and afterwards top-dress the land with 
farm-yard manure. — Ed. 

Nut Grass. 

I have a large lawn in front of my house, and upon 
close examination I find that what we call "nut 
grass" (a. grass that has roots from one to five inches 
long with little nuts on or about the end) is scat- 
tered all over the space in patches. I want to destroy 
this grass, as it is getting all over my place. I will 
appreciate it very much if voti will give me the 
surest and most direct method by which to destroy 
the grass. John D. Wells. 

Wilson Co., N. C. 

The only way to get rid of this grass is to put the 
land into arable culture and then smother it out with 
crops. Work the land in a short rotation in which 
use cow peas for a summer smother and crimson 
clover and hairy vetch as a winter and spring 
smother as frequently as possible for two or three 
years. Plough up the land now and sow crimson 
clover and winter oats and wheat on it, say twelve 
pounds of crimson clover and three-quarters of a 
bushel of oats and wheat mixed per acre. Give a 
dressing of 300 or 400 pounds of acid phosphate with 
the crop to ensure a heavy growth. In the spring, 
say May, plough this crop down and sow cow peas, 
a bushel to the acre, with 300 pounds of acid phos- 
phate. Follow this crop, which should be cut for 
hay, with an oat crop and then with crimson clover or 
vetches again and then seed down to grass again with 
a dressing of 500 pounds of bone meal. — Ed. 



Ploughing Land. 

Do you think it a good plan when ploughing to 
lay the land off in what they call "lands" of about 
six to eight yards in width, then plough around them 
until ploughed out ; then lay off again until field is 
finished ? I notice that all land ploughed in this way 
washes in great gullies after rains or during the 
winter where the turning row is left. Will you 
kindly tell me how a field should be ploughed ? 

Mecklenburg, Va. A. B. C. 

Land should always be ploughed in "lands," or 
"beds," as they are called in some sections. The 
practice of ploughing round and round a field until 
it is all ploughed is a bad one and can only result 
in uneven ploughing and unlevel land. There is no 
reason why ploughing in "lands" should result in 
washing. This is caused by not laying the lands off 
in the right direction. They should be so laid off as 
not to follow the direct fall of the land, but slightly 
across thjs, so that each furrow will act like the fur- 



rows on terraced land, each carrying only a part of 
the water and that at such a slight fall as to permit 
most of it to sink into the subsoil as it flows. Then, if 
the land is ploughed deep enough, all, or nearly all, 
the water will be absorbed and conserved in the sub- 
soil for the ensuing crop. Deep ploughing is the 
cure for washing. On flat land the beds should be 
narrow and on rolling land wide, so as to ensure 
drainage in wet seasons. — Ed. 



Cramp in Horses. 

I have a fine mare, 6 years old, that has the cramp 
badly — one time I made sure she would die. Every 
muscle in her body seemed contracted. Can you tell 
me anything that I could give her that would relieve 
her permanently, or even temporarily. 

Wythe Co., Va. M. H. Jackson. '' 

What is commonly known as cramp, or colic, in 
horses is of two kinds, each requiring different treat- 
ment. Spasmodic, or true cramp, colic is produced 
by indigestible food, large drinks of cold water when 
the horse is heated or driving horses when heated 
through deep streams ■•or standing in cold rain or 
from cold drafts. Spasmodic colic always begins 
suddenly, the horse stops feeding, stamps violently, 
lies down, rolls, paws. Then there is i-elief, appa- 
rently, for a time and then the pains return again. 
The horse makes frequent attempts to urinate, sweats 
and paws violently. For this form of colic the proper 
remedies are anti-spasmodics. Probably the best is 
chloral hydrate, 10 ounces in a half pint of water, 
given as a drench. A very common remedy is 2 
ounces of sulphuric ether and 2 ounces of alcohol in 
8 ounces of water. If nothing else is at hand give 
half a pint of whiskey in hot water. If relief is not 
given by any of these repeat the dose in an hour. 
After the pain has subsided give a pint of linseed oil 
to evacuate the bowels. 

The other form of colic is properly known as flatu- 
lent colic, or wind colic. This is generally caused by 
sudden changes of food, too long fasting, new hay 
or grain, or large quantities of green food. The 
symptoms of wind colic are not so sudden as those of 
cramp colic. The horse is dull and paws slightly. 
The pains are continuous and not spasmodic. The 
belly enlarges, and by striking it in front of the 
haunches a drum-like sound is produced. The treat- 
ment for this form is the use of alkaline remedies to 
neutralize the gases found. Give baking soda in 
doses of from 2 to 4 ounces or the same quantity of 
carbonate of ammonia every half hour until relieved. 
Chloral hydrate is also a good remedy given in 1 
ounce doses in half a pint of water. These remedies 



444 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July. 



should be followed by a purgative after the pain is 
relieved. Barbadoes aloes is the best; give 1 ounce 
or linseed oil 1 pint. An injection of 1 to 2 ounces 
of turpentine and 8 ounces of linseed oil into the 
rectum is of great assistance in getting rid of the 
wind. — Ed. 



Plants for Name. 

We have received from several readers two plants 
for name which are common all through the South. 
The one is a woolly headed plant and the other a 
little creeping plant with yellow flowers. The first 
is trifolium arvensc, called in some sections rabbit- 
foot clover, in others mouse ear clover, in others cot- 
ton-top clover. Stock will frequently eat this freely 
and it is worth something for improving land. This, 
however, is usually regarded as a weed. The other 
plant is trifolium procumbens, known as hop clover. 
It is practically of no value. — Ed. 



Plant for Name. 

Please find enclose a bud and a bloom of a plant 
which is unknown to us. If you know the name of it 
would like for you to publish in the next issue. It 
grows from three to five feet high ; grows very much 
like buckwheat; blooms in June and continues until 
frost, and is relished very much by the bees. 

Pittsylvania Co., Va, J. W. Ramey. 

The plant is melilotus alba (white melilot or Bok- 
hara clover.) It is not generally liked by stock, but 
is a good improver of land, as it secures nitrogen from 
the atmosphere. Its roots also go down deep into the 
land and bring up plant food and make the land 
friable. — Ed. 



Sick Chickens and Hens. 

I have one hundred chickens, eighteen hens and 
one rooster. My oldest chickens are 3 months old. 
I have about thirty-five of that age, the rest are 
smaller and of different ages. I have a large lot and 
they have access to a corn-field. I keep my hen house 
thoroughly clean — use ashes and lime on floor and 
sometimes burn sulphur in it. I use carbolic acid 
in their drinking water. I feed them mostly on 
corn bread, sometimes give them corn meal dough 
with Pratts poultry food mixed with it. I also use 
black pepper in the food. My oldest chickens have 
something like cholera — they get droopy, sit with 
their eyes closed and feathers ruffled, and in a few 
days die. One of _my Plymouth Rock hens has it 
new, and two of my largest young chickens. I have 
lost six hens, one rooster and five young chickens. 
Will yon kindly advise me what to do ? 

Ihissel Co., Va. Mrs B. T. Wilson. 

We have complaint from very many different sec- 



tions of the South of sickness amongst chickens this 
year. We attribute this largely to the abnormal 
weather we have had. We believe it to be mainly 
caused by the cold, rainy weather. Dryness and 
warmth are essential to success in chicken raising. 
Treated as you are treating yours you should be suc- 
cessful, and no doubt would be, if the weather was 
more genial. Be sure you have no lice on the 
chickens. Dust them with insect powder and put a 
little grease on the heads of the young chickens — just 
a drop of lard in which a few drops of kerosene have 
been mixed. Keep your houses and coops clean and 
burn or bury deeply any chickens that may die. We 
do not believe there is an effectual remedy for chicken 
cholera if it is once established in a flock. The only 
way is to remove the healthy birds to another location 
and let the germs die out at the old place. — Ed. 



Curing Pea Vines— Crimson Clover Hay. 

1. Will some reader of your valuable paper tell 
me the best way of curing pea vines ? I never have 
been able to keep them fit for anything. 

2. Does crimson clover make good feed when cut 
and dried ? J. P. McDowell. 

Halifax Co., Va. 

1. We have published a great many different ways 
of curing pea vines. Mr. Blacknall, of Kittering, 
N. C, wrote fully on this subject in our September, 
October and December issues last year. He cures by 
putting up green on poles set in the ground having 
cross pieces nailed on to keep the vines from the 
ground. We have had reports of good success with 
this method. We know others who cure successfully 
just as they cure clover. We know that they can 
be cured successfully by cutting and allowing them 
to remain as cut until partially cured. Then rake 
into windrow and allow to remain a day or two, ac- 
cording to the weather, and then put up into cock 
and allow to remain until nearly fully cured and then 
carry to the barn and pack away closely into the 
barn and allow to remain untouched, even though 
they heat considerably. 

2. Crimson clover, if cut just when coming into 
bloom, makes good hay safe to feed to all stock. If 
cut after the seed forms the hay is not safe to feed to 
horses. — Ed. 



Seeding Grass— Preventing Washing. 

When is the best time to seed Evergreen — fall or 
winter ? Does it do better to seed by itself or with 
grain ? 

We have land that washes very badly. What kind 
of grass will hold it from washing? This land is 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



446 



creek bottom and is sandy. Some say make a per- 
manent pasture of it. Will you please give me yon 
ideas about it? W. C. Jones. 

Campbell Co., Va. 

All grass and clover seed is better sown in the fall 
than the spring all through the South. Sow in 
August and September and sow alone without any 
grain crop. When seeded at this time and in this 
way, if the land is in a good state of fertility and 
well prepared, a good stand can be confidently 
counted on. 

The way to prevent washing is to plough deep and 
to lay off the land in ploughing it so that the furrows 
run across the fall of the land diagonally, so that 
each furrow cuts the line of wash and catches and 



on 



carries into the subsoil the water falling on it. Such 



Would it pay to apply lime or lime and acid 
phosphate ? 

, An y light on this subject will be gratefully appre- 
ciated, a Subscriber. 

We think it very probable that the meadow is what 
is known as "sod-bound." After the second crop is 
cut we would harrow it with a heavy, sharp-toothed 
drag harrow, and then rake off the grass and trash 
harrowed up and apply 50 bushels of lime per acre 
broadcast and sow 1 bushel per acre of Red Top and 
Italian Rye grass in equal parts and roll with a heavy 
roller. — Ed. 



a creek bottom as you describe should, if treated in 
this way, make a good meadow or permanent pasture, 
if sown with a mixture of red top, meadow fescue, 
Italian rye grass perennial rye grass and alsike 
clover. Mix the grasses in equal parts and sow two 
pounds of the clover seed. Sow two bushels of the 
grass seed per acre. — Ed. 



Oats Turning to Cheat. 

Will gray winter oats, sown on medium good loam 
soil, turn into cheat, or must the seed of the cheat 
have been in the oats or the soil ? Subscriber 

Stafford Co., Va. 

Neither oats nor wheat nor any other grain will 
turn to cheat or chess. Cheat or chess is a distinct 
botanical species, and is produced only from its own 
seed, which is either sown with thegrain seed or 
germinates from seed already in the ground, on its 
being brought near enough to the surface to become 
mfhienced by the sun and air. — Ed. 



Water Meadow. 

I have a meadow of what we term "native swamp 
grass. It is on a creek and subject to overflow at 
high water times. It has been mown continuouslv 
(most of it) twice a year for the past fifty years or 
more. When overflowed it is mostly by back water 
and consequently very Utile sand has been deposited 
on it. The grass does not appear to thrive so well 
on it of late as of yore, averaging now annually about 
two tons per acre. The surface is too near the water 
line to plough and cultivate in corn ; besides, wish to 
use for meadow. Can drive all over to mow and 
haul hay. 

Do you suppose that it may be what is sometimes 
called sod-bound ? If so, how would vou advise treat- 
ing it, say, next fall, after the second crop has been 
taken off and when the land is drv enough to operate 



Threshing Cow Peas and Soy Beans. 

1. Can cow peas and soy beans be threshed in a 
grain separator without breaking the peas ? If so, 
what is to be removed from the separator and at 
what speed should it be run '( 

2. Please advise best method and time to harvest 
same f or a seed crop when same is cut with a mower 
having a pea or clover buncher attached ? 

An answer through your columns will be greatly 
appreciated. X Y Z 

Westmoreland Co., Va. 

1. Yes. They can both be threshed with a separa- 
tor. Take out part of the concaves and give all the 
space possible to allow the vines to pass through 
easily, and run the machine just fast enough to carry 
the vines through without winding on the drum. We 
know farmers who thresh large crops of peas and soy 
beans every year with the separator. 

2. Cut when the greater part of the peas or beans 
are just turning ripe, and cut when the dew is on 
Let the crop lie as bunched by the machine until the 
vines are partially dry and then put several bunches 
together into cocks and let stand until cured, when 
haul to the barn.. If the cocks feel damp inside after 
standing a day or two open out and let the wind and 
sun into them and then put up again until fit to haul 
to the barn. Handle as little as possible, and never 
in the hot sun, so as to prevent wasting the seed.— Ed. 



Forage Crops. 

I should be glad to hear in the Southern Planter 
your opinion of what beans to sow with oats as fod- 

' . . An Experiment. 

Fairfax Co., Va. 

Canada Peas are the best grain to sow with oats for 

a forage orop. They should be sown in December or 

January, and will make an early o Teen forage crop 

or a hay crop of high feeding value, which mav be 

cut m May. Sand vetch or the English winter vetch 

may be sown with oats in September and October, and 

make an excellent forage crop. — En. 



446 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



Trucking, Garden and Orchard 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 

Successions crops of sweet corn, pole beans, lima 
beans and navy beans may yet be planted. Cucum- 
bers for pickles should, if not already sown, be at 
once got in. In our last issue we gave instructions 
as to this crop. Blackeye peas may also be yet sown. 
Sweet potato slips may be set out if not already 
planted, and cuttings from the earlier planted ones 
should be put in. These cuttings will make potatoes 
that will make better seed for next year's crop than 
that from the earlier planted slips. Cut off the ends 
of the vines with three or four leaves on them and 
bury the whole length in the soil except the tip end 
with two or three leaves. These will soon take root 
if the ground be moist. 



The late crop of Irish potatoes should be planted 
this month. This crop will make potatoes that will 
keep all winter. The seed used is northern sets that 
have been kept in cold storage to prevent sprouting. 
It is well to spread the sets out for a few days in a 
«hady warm place to encourage the sprouts to start 
before planting them. Prepare the land well and 
make rich with a good potato fertilizer rich in potash. 

The second crop of Irish potatoes should also be 
planted this month. This crop is raised from seed 
grown bv the crop planted in January and February 
It is a safe crop to raise in all Eastern Virginia and 
North Carolina and makes seed for the early crop 
next vear, which is much preferred to northern-grown 
sets, "and is, therefore, always in large demand by 
the truckers of Eastern Virginia. The first crop 
should be allowed to become nearly fully ripe before 
dicing and then the sets for the second crop be se- 
lected from the tubers as they are dug. The sets 
should be about the size of an egg, as they are to be 
planted whole or with only just a slip cut off. lhese 
sets should , as selected, be spread out in a shady place 
to <rreen for a few days and then be covered with some 
li«rht soil and short straw and be made moist to en- 
courage the sprouts. Plough the furrows in which 
these are to be set deeply by running the plow twice 
in each furrow. Plant the sets when sprouted in the 
bottom of the furrows and cover lightly with soil. 
When the sprouts come through this plough more soil 
on to them until the furrows are level. Keep level 
and cultivate frequently. They will continue to grow 
until late fall and should be dug just before frost 



catches them. The essential for success with this 
crop is to have the sets sprouted before setting. 

Celerv seed not already sowed should be sowed this 
month " In our last issue we gave directions as to 
this Where the seed has germinated and plants are 
mowing these should be drawn from the seed-bed 
Ld set out in a bed to grow on for subsequent plant- 
ing in the rows so that they may become stout, stocky 
plants and not be drawn by overcrowding It the 
leaves are long and spindling shorten them back with 
the shears. This may be repeated if necessary to keep 
the plants stocky. 

Seed may be sown towards the end of the month 
for raising broccoli and fall cabbage. These crops 
can both bS successfully raised in Middle and Eastern 
Virginia and North Carolina if the plants be not 
raised too early. They should be ready to set out in 
September. The seed-bed should be in a moist shady 
place and the young plants should be dusted with 
tobacco dust to keep off the bugs. 



Keep the cultivator running in the growing crops 
to keep down weeds and encourage growth. 

The budding of trees should have attention now. 
In our last issue will be found instructions for this 
work. 

Sow cow peas, crimson clover or sand vetch on all 
land cleared of crops not wanted for any other pur- 
pose. Don't grow weeds, they are unprofitable. 



ORCHARD AND GARDEN NOTES. 

During the very dry season that has prevailed over 
a large extent of the State, frequent shallow, level 
cultivation has been necessary for go od jrops ^t 
orchard and garden. If our advice has been followed 
the beneficial etfects are, no doubt, plainly visible at 
other places, as they are in our garden • 

Keep up the cultivation till the middle or last of 
this month. Then sow some Whip-poor-will cow peas 
to keep the ground from washing during fall and 
winter! and also to add some fertilizer to the soil, 
which is being constantly depleted by clean cultiva- 
tion and by washing rains. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



447 



If the peas are sown in rows about two feet apart 
so that one or two cultivations can be given the crop 
better results will be obtained than by broad casting 
and giving no cultivation. 

I consider the cow pea the cheapest and best fer- 
tilizer the farmer can use to improve much of the 
worn soil of the Southern States. By the time this 
appears in print I expect to have sown some in my 
corn during the last cultivation to supply fertilizer 
to tbe wheat crop, the seed of which will be sown 
in October. 



Tnsects have been very serious with us this year. 
The plum curculio has stung a large per cent, of our 
pinms. One of the best ways I have found to fight 
the plum curculio is to destroy all "wormy fruit." 
Perhaps hogs are the best things to gather up such 
fruit. 

The rose chaffer appeared on our grapes in large 
numbers. We succeeded in poisoning the insect by 
using four ounces of London purple and one pound 
of lime mixed with twenty-five gallons of water and 
spraying this on the vines thoroughly. The same 
preparation kills the "potato-bugs." 



The time to can fruits and vegetables on the farm 
has come. Put up a large quantit}' for family use. 
Prepare to open one can a day for ten months in 
the year. This would be no difficult thing to do, if 
some preparations are made before hand. Nearly 
everything except corn and beans can be put up on 
the cooking stove. I have used successfully a small 
canning outfit specially made for the cooking stove. 
With it I could put up from one to two hundred cans 
per day. Not near enough canned goods are put up 
in the State. We must broaden out along this line. 
Small canneries can be put up in the towns and small 
villages at a cost of $200 to $400, with a capacity of 
two to four thousand cans per day. In another State 
where I have tested and recommended such canning 
outfits, the canning industry has made immense pro- 
gress. Now let Virginia move up along this line. 
More will be said about this subject later. 



The time for sowing seeds for fall crops, such as 
turnips, radishes, peas, lettuce, will soon be here. 
They will soon come up and grow off well, if sown in 
well prepared ground. But there is one thing I 
want to caution against, and that is never sow turnip 
seed on land upon which a garden crop is to be grown 
next year. I have tried it in Texas for two years 
and in this State this vear. The results have been 



that the cut-worms destroyed my crops each time. 
The moths that deposit the eggs of the cut-worms 
seem especially fond of doing so in the field upon a 
green, tender turnip bed. The following spring the 
worms feed on the next crop. 

The early purple-top strap-leaf turnip, nonpariel 
pea, rose-colored China radish and black-seeded 
Simpson lettuce have done best with me for fall 
crops. 



On a recent visit to the Virginia Polytechnic In- 
stitute I was glad to learn that the Department of 
Horticulture, Mycology and Entomology had been 
divided. Professor W. B. Alwood was left in charge 
of mycology and entomology, Professor H. L. Price 
was put in charge of horticulture and Professor J. L. 
Phillips in charge of the field work in entomology and 
crop tests. The division of this work has been 
needed for some time, and now, that it has come, we 
look for better things along these lines, though the 
work has been good in the past. 

I was glad to learn also from the chairman of 
the Board of Visitors that the several changes or 
additions to the course in agriculture that I had 
suggested in a recent issue of the Planter were the 
things the Board wanted to do. Now, if the Board 
will ask the Legislature for $50,000 for an agricul- 
tural building, instead of of $20,000, we can stand 
on the same platform. 

The Legislature gave $200,000 to the Jamestown 
Exposition to advertise what ? To advertise how 
long '\ 

It gave nothing to increase the agricultural facili- 
ties at this institution for teaching the young men 
of the State in its most important industrial line for 
a century. Our young men are leaving the farms, 
many old historic farms are going to waste, the facili- 
ties for teaching young men of the State in agricul- 
ture are behind the times, and the Legislature let a 
great opportunity go by. 

Pennsylvania recently gave its Agricultural and 
Mechanical College $250,000 for an agricultural 
building and equipment. It has been suggested that 
$20,000 would do for the Old Dominion. What 
think you, farmers, of the State ? Do you want your 
sons to have the benefit of all the latest devolpments 
in stock husbandry, plant breeding, forage crops, 
soil improvement, truck and farm crops, fertilizers, 
diseases of plants, etc. ? Would you like to see an 
equipment in agricultural lines at this institution 
that is up to date ? If so, sound your Representative 
this fall before he is elected as to how he stands on 



448 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



this equipment. If the farmers want such a thing 
and will ask for it persistently they will get it. If 
they do not ask for it the politicians are not apt to 
give it. Fall in line, farmers and horticulturists of 
the State, and let us ask the Legislature for what we 
need to strengthen the agricultural work of the State. 
Montgomery county. R- H. Price. 



FALL POTATOES. 



Editor Southern Planter: 

Other things being equal, potatoes planted from 
the 20th to the 30th of July will, in this climate 
(North Carolina), yield more and better potatoes 
than those planted in early spring. Therefore, they 
should not be planted in early spring except for early 
use and the early market. Potatoes planted about the 
20th of July will mature in early fall and may be 
harvested about the first appearance of frost. Pota- 
toes thus grown will keep in good condition, without 
sprouting to hurt, until the time for the next July 
planting arrives Potatoes grown from the July 
planting of the previous year may be used for seed 
for the early spring planting. 

A clover or cow pea sod is considered best for 
potatoes. If said crops, when seeded, were properly 
supplied with potash and phosphoric acid they have 
drawn from the air a sufficiency of nitrogen to serve 
the potatoes. 

The drills may be laid off three feet apart. A suit- 
able narrow plow may be run several times in the 
bottoms of the drills, thus preparing loose beds. 

One half the usual application of potash and phos- 
phoric acid may be applied in the drills and mixed 
with the soil, preferably a few weeks before plant- 
ing. The application of fertilizer, per acre, may 
consist of 70 to 140 pounds of muriate or sulphate 
of potash, or 280 to 560 pounds of kainit in lieu 
of the muriate of potash, and 180 to 360 pounds of 
acid phosphate. Sulphate of potash is considered 
preferable to either muriate of potash or kainit. 

Large potatoes are considered best for seed. They 
have larger eyes and produce larger stalks than 
small potatoes,' and consequently the yield is larger. 
They may be cut into pieces of two or three eyes 
each. One party recommends cutting potatoes end- 
wise into quarters and planting the seed ends (the 
ends that contain the most eyes) down. 

Thmwmg to One Sin II:— Proper tests have shown 
that the quantity and quality of the potatoes can be 



materially improved by thinning to one stalk. Some 
vears ago two adjoining parcels of land of about 
equal fertility were planted to potatoes. On one 
parcel the potatoes were planted immediately after 
being cut. The potatoes for the other parcel were 
aired for several days, thus becoming much shrivelled 
before thev were planted. The result was that the 
parcel planted with freshly-cut potatoes produced 
about double the quantity of tops of the other parcel, 
but at digging time it was found that the latter had 
produced 1 " about double the quantity of potatoes. The 
first parcel produced tops, the latter potatoes. 

It was evident that said difference in yield was 
attributable to one of two causes : 1. To the effect 
produced by curing the potatoes. 2. To the dimin- 
ished number of tops, a result of curing. If the lat- 
ter was the cause, similar results could be procured 
by thinning the plants. After proper tests I satisfied 
myself that it was the diminished number of plants 
that increased the yield, and that similar results can 
be procured by thinning to one plant. After thinning 
single plants will stand in the drills eighteen inches 
apart, which I consider plenty close enough, pro- 
vided that the soil has been properly fertilized. 

Prom that time to the present I have been an ad- 
vocate of thinning to one stalk. I have had others to 
test the plan and they all report a material advantage 
in favor of thinning. But a matter of so much im- 
portance needs further tests to determine the merits 
of said two points, especially the effect of partially 
curing the potatoes before they are planted. 

The New York Experiment Station has recently 
reported adversely on the subject of thinning pota- 
toes. I suggest f urther tests. 

The plants drawn for thinning purposes can be 
advantageously transplanted. I have found them to 
answer well. 

Advantages of Mulching. — Potatoes in this cli- 
mate, whether planted early or late, should be 
mulched to a proper depth with straw, leaves or other 
litter, thus keeping the ground cool and moist. By 
planting in midsummer and mulching we approxi- 
mate in the early fall the proper temperature to the 
greatest extent possible. Hence, the superiority of 
fall potatoes over those planted in early spring ma- 
turing in midsummer during the time of our greatest 
heat/ Bryan Tyson. 

Moore county, N. C. 



When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men- 
tion the Southern Planter. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



449 




THE SMALL "PATCH" WELL TILLED. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

The papers are full of the big men, who, working 
on a big scale, secure big results. There is not enough 
said of, or attention paid to, the small, humble work- 
ers in our midst. 

I want to give yon a few "facts, figures and 
features'' respecting a bumble colored man and his 
"patch" of berries. Herewith see a cut or picture 
of his humble cabin and a portion of his "berry 
patch." 

His cabin is almost hid in shrubbery, the "ivy and 
the vine." This is an old "befo' de wah" darky — 
honest, industrious, hairless and toothless. If he 
goes by "wat his mudder sed" he is three-score years 
and ten ; but if he counts time or measures the years 
by the "fun" and "experience" he has had he's more 
than a "hundred and fifty years old." 

He rents a little "jib" or "slipe" or "triangle" or 
"patch" of one and three quarters of an acre with the 
cabin thereon, for the nominal sum of $30 per year. 

Among other crops he has three-quarters of an 
acre in berries. From this three-quarters ctf an 
acre he this year sold sixty crates of berries (sixty 
quarts each) at the average price of 10 cents per 
quart. 



After deducting all expenses, such as picking, 
freight, commission for selling, cost of crates, etc., 
etc., and even deducting his entire rent for the year, 
the old man has made fully $200 from the three- 
fourths of an acre. 

This is a rather better result, comparatively speak- 
ing, than have been secured by any of the larger grow- 
ers of berries. While we have had cases, this year, 
Avhere the berry growers have made all the way from 
$2,500 clear, clean profit, up to $15,000, from their 
berries, none have made as much from a small patch 
as the old darky has made. 

How this emphasizes the idea of the "little farm 
well tilled." 

If the old colored man, who can neither read nor 
write, can secure such results with his simple tools, 
appliances and methods, what may not be done with 
skill, experience, capital and special fitness? 

The intensive, thoroiigh culture of small areas of 
land means not only the prosperity of the indi- 
vidual, but also of the community, the State and the 
nation. A Jekfkrs. 

Norfolk, Ya. 



Wooden tubs and pails will keep moist better if 
turned down upon the cellar bottom and water poured 
over them, filling the space between the rim. 



450 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



AMERICAN P0M0L0GICAL SOCIETY MEETING. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Will yon kindly give publicity to the following in 
your next issue: 

I have received a letter from Mr. W. A. Taylor, 
Secretary of the American Pomological Society, 
stating that their biennial meeting will be held in 
Horticultural Hall, Boston, Mass., on September 
10th-12th next. He asks the Virginia State Horti- 
cultural Society to send a strong delegation to rep- 
resent Virginia fruit interests on that occasion. 

He further says: "Have you among your mem- 
bership any fruit originators whose new varieties are 
worthy of entry for the Wilder Medal under our new 
plan of award? If so, kindly send their addresses 
and I will mail them the necessary jianks, etc., for 
entries. The new plan is being heartily welcomed 
throughout the country and it is desired that fruit 
originators everywhere shall share in its advantages." 

If any of your readers have new varieties of fruits 
I shall be glad to hear from them, and would add that 
one of these medals has already been won by one of 
our prominent Virginia Horticulturists (the Hon. 
G. E. Murrell) some four years ago. Let us try to 
capture another. Walter Whateey, 

Secretary Virginia State Horticultural Society. 

The following are the members of the delegation 
appointed to represent the Virginia State Horticul- 
tural Society at the bienniel meeting of the American 
Pomological Society in Boston on September 10th- 
12th next : 

Hon. Samuel B. Woods, Charlottesville, Albemarle 
county. 

Hon. George E. Murrell, Fontella, Bedford 
county. 

Hon. S. L. Lupton, Winchester, Erederick county. 

Hon. A. M. Bowman, Salem, Roanoke county. 

Hon. William H. Boaz, Covesville, Albemarle 
county. 

Hon. J. Thompson Brown, Briarfield, Bedford 
county. 

Professor J. L. Phillips, State Entomologist, 
Blacksburg, Montgomery county. 

Mr. W. W. Otey, Draper, Pulaski county. 

Mr. Walter Whately, Crozet, Albemarle county. 

Dr. J. R. Guerrant, Roanoke, Roanoke county. 



THE F^UIT EXHIBIT AT ST. LOUIS EXPOSITION. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I am now, along with other departments, com- 



mencing my work on the State horticultural exhibit 
for St. Louis, and I am anxious to get specimens of 
cherries, berries, peaches and all other summer fruits 
in quantities of from one quart to two gallons to pre- 
pare in solution for exhibition. 

I will appreciate it very much if you will give 
your assistance in this matter, either by sending the 
produce of your own orchard or obtaining from 
neighbors and express these fruits direct to me at 
Richmond, Va., notifying me by postal of shipment, 
and I will promptly prepare them and give due credit 
when on exhibition to the person and section furnish- 
ing the same. 

We want to make the fruit exhibit a fine one, and 
unless the fruit growers will give me their cordial co- 
operation it will be impossible to make it as it should 
be made. G. E. Mtjrreix, 

Superintendent Virginia Commission. 

Capitol Building, Richmond, Va. 



WHAT TO DO WITH THE STRAWBERRY FIELD 
AFTER FRUITING. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

The most successful strawberry growers plow up 
their fields as soon as the berries are all gathered 
and sow them in cowpeas, thus putting the land in 
perfect tilth to reset in strawberries the following 
fall, winter or spring, as may be most convenient. 
But the vast majority of growers gather two, and 
sometimes three, crops of berries from the same field. 
How to do this successfully is the object of this arti- 
cle. Bar off with a turning plow the strawberry 
rows, leaving unploughed a strip about afoot wide 
containing the plants. On this strip chop out the 
plants, leaving them about eighteen inches apart. Al- 
ways leave young (1-year-old) plants instead of old 
ones, when possible. In this chopping out also kill 
all weeds and grass. A week or ten days later sow 
cotton seed meal at the rate of 800 to 1,000 pounds 
an acre in the fiirrow left on each side of the row. 
Then split out the middles, throwing the earth closely 
around the plants, but not on them, or they will be 
smothered. 

Whenever practicable — though with a large acre- 
age it is not usually practicable — it pays to burn off 
the field or bed before barring off. To do this mow 
the foliage of the plants as closely as possible.. Then 
loosen up the straw used as a mulch and on a dry, 
breezy day, after the inown foliage has got dry, set fire 
to the field along the border to windward. If there 
is a fair quantity of foliage or mulch the field will 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



451 



burn quickly over, leaving the soil as clean as a floor. 
Weeds, seed and any insect pest that may chance 
to be present will meet their judgment day, and to a 
novice the strawberry plants will seem to have done 
so, too. But seeming will be all. 

In a week, or earlier if it rains, in the fire-black- 
ened, Sahara-like field a magic transformation will 
take place. Every strawberry plant will have put 
forth leaves of the most vivid and beautiful growth. 
The rows can then be barred off, chopped out, ferti- 
lized and treated just as above directed. 

Subsequent cultivation should be the same as for 
young fields — shallow ploughing with a small-tooth 
cultivator and shallow hoeing frequent enough to 
kill all grass and weeds before they come and to keep 
the crust on the soil broken. This is all important, 
as in a dry time it greatly lessens evaporation and 
minimizes the effect of drought. 

Eittrell, N. G. O. W. Blacknall. 



is identical with that of Cuba and other countries 
which grow the very best qualities of the aromatic 
cigar tobaccos. The department is satisfied that the 
same soil exists in Mississippi, Louisiana and 
Elorida. 

If the results sustain the department's belief, the 
importance of the discovery cannot be overestimated. 
About $10,000,000 worth of leaf tobacco was im- 
ported from Cuba last year, and more will be im- 
ported this season. The department states that the 
Southern growers can raise a crop of high-class to- 
bacco as easily as the cheaper grades, which means 
they would obtain a large increase in their returns. 



HORSE APPLE. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Replying to J. E. Hunter's query in your May 
issue, "Will Horse Apples Come True from Seed," 
will say that there is no certainty of their doing so — 
they may and may not. Even if they should it would 
be a slow way of getting fruit from them. He had 
better send some buds from his horse apple tree to a 
nurseryman and have him bud them on entire root 
seedlings. 

We notice also in the May issue Mr. W. E. Mas- 
sey's advice as to the best privet for hedges. Our 
experience with the different kinds of privet is that 
the ordinary California privet (Sigustonne Ooalifo- 
lium) is more desirable than the Amoor privet and 
withstands the cold of this climate better, though we 
think the latter is all right for the more Southern 
States. A. W. Wallis, 

Eranklin Davis Nursery Company. 

Baltimore^ Md. 



A VIRGINIA FARMER ON VIRGINIA FARMERS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I always read the Southern Planter with great 



BETTER TOBACCO CAN BE GROWN. 

Secretary Wilson, of the United States Depart- 
ment of Agriculture, who recently visited the tobacco 
raising districts in a number of the Southern States, 
has made an important announcement. As a result 
of a soil analysis, the department has found that the 
soil in parts of Texas, Alabama and South Carolina 



pleasure, and I find it a very valuable agricultural 
paper, especially in its horticutural notes. I love to 
see things grow well, properly and successfully in the 
garden and field. Our Virginia farmers in general 
know so little about farming. Now, I assert this 
with a full knowledge of their obsolete methods. I 
have farmed all my life. I owned and cultivated at 
one time (I am 63 years old) 1,200 acres of land. I 
still have lots to learn, but flatter myself, however, 
that I am gathering agricultural knowledge from 
experience and close study of articles in the South- 
ern Planter, Practical Farmer, and Green's Fruit 
Grower. Our farmers don't study farming — they 
rely too much on what their daddies did. They don't 
read the Planter and other farm books. I have just 
finished saving my crimson clover hay. The weather 
was as propitious as could have been desired. I made 
a fine yield, only a small acreage, but at the rate of 
4,000 pounds per acre. It was beautiful to behold. 
I cut it early, just in full bloom. By the way, I am 
the pioneer in crimson clover in this county (Frank- 
lin), introduced it about four years ago. Don't you 
know there are but a handful of farmers in this 
county who ever saw it, and many who never heard 
of it. I shall fallow the clover land at once, apply 
acid phosphate, plant in corn, and at the last plowing 
in August, resow in crimson clover. Just think of 
it ? My crop of hay is cut, cured and housed at least 
three weeks in advance of other hay crops. Oh, 
what delicious strawberries I am eating! My peas 
are ready for the table. Loudon, Cuthbert and black 
raspberries are gloriously progressing. No bugs this 
year. Potatoes are happy. G. W. B. Hale. 

Franklin Co., Va. 



452 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[juiy- 



Live Stock and Dairy. 



HOG CHOLERA. 

We regret to say that we have reports of serious 
outbreaks of hog cholera in Southern Virginia. Many 
farmers have lost all their hogs and one subscriber 
writes us that out of forty he has only seventeen left. 
We are begged to give some advice as to the best 
means of checking and preventing the disease. We 
regret to say that we are able to do very little in the 
way of help. Notwithstanding the fact that the 
Bureau of Animal Industry of the Department of 
Agriculture at Washington has been working on this 
subject for years, Dr. Salmon is able as yet to give 
only partial endorsement of any of the various reme- 
dies tested. The most hopeful seems to be that of in- 
oculation with an anti-toxin serum and there is still 
considerable difficulty experienced in the preparation 
and use of this remedy. In the report of the Bureau 
for 1897 Dr. Salmon says: "There are but two 
methods of control which, from our present know- 
ledge of the contagious diseases of swine, appear to 
promise adequate results. One is the old stamping- 
out method, the slaughter of diseased and exposed 
animals, the quarantine of infected farms and the 
disinfection of infected farms and all other places 
harboring the contagion. The other is the treatment 
of diseased and exposed animals with anti-toxin 
serum. * * * The use of anti-toxin serum ap- 
pears at present to be a much more promising me- 
thod of diminishing the losses than the stamping-out 
process. * * * The serum produced by the 
Bureau in 1897, when used in affected herds, saved 
over 80 per cent, of the animals. There is no danger 
connected with the use of the senim, as it is abso- 
lutely free from the germs of the disease. It is easily 
applied and the good effects in sick hogs are seen 
almost immediately. In reports made in later years 
down to the last, Dr. Salmon still expresses his con- 
fidence in this anti-toxin serum as being the best cure 
and preventative yet discovered; but there is still 
considerable uncertainty in results, arising, it is 
thought, mainly from the difficulty in preparing the 
serum so as to have it of a uniformily protective and 
curative character. Experiments are still being con- 
tinued to endeavor to overcome this difficulty. Apart 
from the use of this serum, which we should certainly 
use in any case of the disease, the only other thing to 
be done is to isolate all sick hogs away from the 
healthy ones, and to be careful not to allow any one 
attending the sick ones to go near the health? ones. 



The yards and pens should be disinfected with cor- 
rosive sublimate solution and all dead animals be 
burned and every "turkey buzzard" seen should be 
shot at once. They carry the disease from farm to- 
farm. 



MR. COOPER'S SALE OF JERSEYS. 

We are glad to see that at the recent sale of im- 
ported Jerseys, held by Mr. T. S. Cooper, southern 
breeders were amongst the best bidders and buyers 
of the golden butter-makers. Amongst those who 
secured some of the choicest stock we find the well- 
known names of Eillston Farms, Maryland ; Bilt- 
more Farms, North Carolina, and Bowmont Farms y 
Virginia. Fillston Farms secured the finest bull,. 
"Forfarshire," which sold for $1,750. Mr. Swart- 
tout, who represented Fillston, bought nine head at 
an average of $425. He also bought the bull Marett's- 
Flying Fox, whose dam was Charley's Niece (a prize 
daughter of Golden Lad 2d) at a very low figure. 
Among his females the "plum" was a. daughter of 
Forfarshire — Forfarshire's Perfection, only 23 
months old, but a beautiful little cow that gave nine 
quarts in one milking the day before the sale. Two 
other daughters of Forfarshire went to Filston Farm, 
one of them — Forfarshire's Brown Lady — being out 
of a daughter of Golden's Fern's Lad : besides two 
elegant daughters of Golden Mon Plaisir. One of 
these Mon Plaisir cows, Golden Foam, was far ad- 
vanced in milk and due to calve in August, or she 
would have brought more money. Her dam is by 
Golden Lad, and she is, besides being well bred, a 
show cow all over. Her bull calf by Prince Neddy 
(son of Golden Lad's Champion) went to Frank H. 
Shore, Fairmont, W. Vt. The other daughter of Mon 
Plaisir, Mon Plaisir's Jeanette, has also a magnifi- 
cent udder with good sized and placed teats. She did 
not bring so much money simply because one of her 
teats had an extra opening. 

Another elegant cow secured by Filston Farms 
was Golden Bagatelle, a daughter of Visitor, P. 2140, 
H. C, and Bagatelle, P. 6564, H. C. (now Golden 
Lad's Victoria, a daughter of Golden Lad that sold 
for $745 in the sale of 1901). 

The plum among the cows, Golden Lad's Blue 
Belle, and her son by Flying Fox, went to Biltmore 
Farms for $1,725 and $580, respectively. They were 
bought by Professor M. A. Scovell, director of the 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



453 



Kentucky Experiment Station at Lexington, who had 
instructions to "buy them" without limit as to price. 
Golden Lad's Blue Belle is by that ever-popular sire, 
Golden Lad 2d, and out of Blue Belle, P. 4307, H. 
('., a prize-winning cow herself, and dam of Cau- 
mais Lad, who sired the great bulls Financial King 
and Guenon Lad. But what probabty attracted the 
Biltmore folks most was the fact that she has a 
daughter in the Biltmore herd, Blue Nun, that made 
18 pounds 54 onces butter in seven days and won 
sweepstakes at Ohio State Fair for them, besides 
other prizes. The son of such a finely bred, and great 
individual cow as is Golden Lad's Bhie Belle, should 
be a sire fit to associate with the great ones already at 
Biltmore. 

The accession of such a family as that of Nun- 
thorpe'a Fontaine to the Jersey stables of America 
cannot fail to wield a great share of influence in the 
upward tendency of the breeding industry. Ivlr. Bow- 
man, of Bowmont Farms, Salem, Va., her buyer, took 
with her and her granddaughter four other females, 
the six head costing him an average of $467. Among 
them was Flying Fox's Brown Queen, one of the 
handsomest of the light fawns, that had given nine 
quarts of milk the night before sale — just a 2-year-old 
with first calf. He also got Flying Fox's Sweet 
Daisy and Golden Fern's Mabelle, the latter a 6- 
year-old gray fawn daughter of Golden Fern's Lad, a 
first prize winner over the Island, and said to have 
produced 12 pounds butter (Island Aveight) in seven 
days before she had a calf. She is due early next 
month bv Shv Fox. 



POLAND CHINA HOGS. 

At a recent sale of Poland China hogs at Pekin, 
111., a sow and litter of nine pigs sold for $2,000, 
and the whole herd sold for $13,535. 

Su ch prices as these confirm the Irishman's de- 
scription of his hog as the "Gintleman that pavs the 
rint." 



THE HOG AS A MONEY-MAKER. 

The following, taken from Coun* Life in Amer- 
ica, shows what has been done by a g : 

Six years ago a daughter of Dr. W. Seward Webb, 
in order to show her business ability and to obtain a 
little additional pocket money, took a little "flyer" 
in stock breeding on Shelburne Farms, Dr. Webb's 
country seat at Lake Champlain. She invested $20 
in a brood sow, and, with her father's permission,, 



made arrangements with his shepherd to care for the 
sow and the pigs. As there was an abundance of 
skim milk this was given her without cost, but all 
grain fed was charged for at market prices. From 
this single investment she cleared $90 the first year, 
$200 the second and $300 the third year. By this 
time the stock had so increased in numbers as to out- 
grow its quarters, and was proving so profitable that 
Dr. Webb thought it advisable to buy her out. So at 
the end of the fourth year he took over the stock at 
market prices and gave her a check for $700. From 
this start the present piggery has been developed, 
which is the most profitable department of the place. 
The past year 200 pigs were sold, averaging 250 
to 300 pounds in weight and bring one-half cent per 
pound more than the ruling market prices, because of 
the superior conditions under which they are kept. 



THE BERKSHIRE HOG. 



Editor Southern Planter: 

I do not say it because I am a breeder of pure-bred 
Berkshire hogs, but my judgment, guided by the light 
of experience, is that for the average farmer in the 
Virginias and Carolinas there is more net profit in 
raising hogs than any other stock produced on the 
farm. 

Berkshires have been, and are still, considered 
"mortgage raisers" in many of the Western and 
Northwestern States, although some persons have the 
mistaken idea that it is a small breed. As all- 
round hogs and for general purposes they have no 
equals. For quality of meat and its flavor, for early 
maturity, for capacity to take on flesh at any age and 
size, as well as the ability to make their own living, 
where others would fair badly, the Berkshires are 
an ideal hog. 

They can be made to weigh, with good treatment, 
250 pounds at 6 months of age, while the average 
farmer is well satisfied to get 200 pounds at the end 
of fifteen months Let any of your reader good at 
arithmetic calculate the cost o^ the keep ana he will 
have the net profit. 

I now have several Berkshire sows, in stock order 
only, that will weigh between 500 and 600 pounds. 
I wish I could induce farmers in general to give 
more attention to hog raising. 

It is an indispensable department of mixed hus- 
bandry. S. Browx At.i.kx. 

Augusta county. Va. 



454 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



JAPAN CLOVER AND MILCH COWS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

In answer to your North Caroline correspondent in 
regard to Japan clover fattening cattle and decreasing 
milk flow,I have to say that I tested Japan clover 
in 1902 a full season with from seven to ten cows, 
and my experience and observation is that the fault 
is in the cow and not the clover. No first-class milch 
cow will lay on excessive fat on any kind of "ration," 
but one inclined to beef will grow fat on Japan clover 
and decrease in milk. My cows had no additional 
feed and some of them went to the butcher from the 
pasture. The meal that your subscriber fed his cows 
only helped the clover to fatten and cut down the milk 
flow. A cow that will grow fat on a well balanced 
ration for milk should go to the butcher as soon as the 
test has been made. It will not pay at any time or 
under any circumstances, to feed any cow for milk 
and butter if she persists in putting on beef. Your 
correspondent can get milk cows that will not get fat 
on Japan clover or decrease in milk flow from eating 
it exclusively. . . . . John M. Gibbs. 

Iredell county, N. C. 



MONEY IN SHEEP IN EASTERN VIRGINIA. 

A. H. Lindsay, an all-round farmer, who has a 
large farm ten miles south of Norfolk, keeps a flock 
of 600 to 700 head of sheep, mostly of the Southdown 
and Shropshire breed, and never feeds them a pound 
of grain, but allows them to run on tame and wild 
grass patches during the summer season. Mr. Lind- 
say raises several hundred acres of wheat and rye, 
four or five hundred acres of potatoes, and after the 
rye and wheat are cut and the potatoes dug he plants 
the land to corn for a second crop, and after he is 
through cultivating the corn sows therein fall rye in 
one place and turnips and rutabagas in another and 
rape still in another. When the summer pastures are 
short he lets the sheep into the corn-fields thus pre- 
pared and changes them about from one field to an- 
other, allowing them to feed on these green vegetables 
and rye until spring, when the sheep come out as 
fat as butter. The corn is gathered right along while 
the sheep are feeding in the fields, there being so 
much feeding in the fields the sheep never disturb the 
corn. Moreover, the corn stalks are so tall and the 
ears so high from the ground there is no danger of 
the sheep getting them : These sheep^ run anywhere 
and everywhere through the corn fields until the grass 
comes in the tame grass pastures in the spring. In 
this way the foul weeds are kept down and the land 



is improved in richness. He arranges his breedings 
so as to have lambs come from the 1st of October until 
April, as there is no danger of loss by cold weather 
during the winter season. October lambs are mar- 
keted about March 1st and the balance along later on 
until July 1st, always bringing the top prices on the 
market. 

Mr. Lindsay sold this last March 100 head of Octo- 
ber lambs in one bunch to a dealer in Washington, D. 
C, at $5 per head net to him, and it is safe to say 
they didn't cost 50 cents each to raise them. 

This is only what one man can do and what every 
Virginia farmer ought to do, for sheep are a better 
farm fertilizer than any that was ever manufactured 
or discovered and beat all commercial fertilizers ever 
used as a money maker. 

Farmers, study this point ; you can make money by 
following this man's example. The sale of the wool 
from the sheep will twice pay for the keeping, besides 
selling spring lambs and mutton during the season. — 
Cornucopia. 



STOCK SALE AT ORANGE, VA. 

We can assure readers of the Southern Planter 
wkho may attend the sale on the 30th of July at 
Orange, Va., advertised in this issue, that they will 
have the opportunity of buying some well-bred stock, 
seeing a very charming country and attending a well- 
conducted show of high-class horses, three factors in 
a very enjoyable outing. 



POINTERS ON FEED. 

W. J. Kennedy says 



in New York 



Professor 
Farmer : 

Alfalfa hay is the best kind of fodder a farmer can 
feed to his young stock, dairy cows and fattening 
cattle. It is rich in both protein and ash, and thus 
balances corn. Clover hay is good. 

Bran is an excellent feed, except for young hogs ; 
it is too bulky for them. 

The by-products of the glucose factory, such as 
gluten meal, are exceptionally good feeds to mix with 
corn. 

Cottonseed meal and oil meal serve the same pur- 
poses. 

Dried blood is the richest food we have in protein. 

The tankage products are excellent feeds to add to 
corn for swine feeding. 

For calf-feeding purposes flaxseed meal should be 
added to skimmed milk. 

Feeders must feed more protein foods. They must 
also feed less corn and lighter grain rations. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



455 



The Poultry Yard. 



NUX VOMICA FOR HAWKS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

In your issue for June, 1903, I see under discus- 
sion the old question of feeding nux vomica to young 
fowls to destroy hawks. 

When a young man I was a devoted admirer and 
breeder of game fowls (pit), and I sometimes had 
as many as fifty "stags" on rural "walks" in the 
territory covered by Gaston and contiguous counties 
in North Carolina. Naturally the loss of young 
birds from hawks was very great in such a thinly 
populated region as this was in 1878-1879, and I 
made many unsuccessful efforts to check it before I 
tried nux vomica. The idea was, I believe, given 
me by some medical colleague of that county, and it 
was at once successful. It is true that most of my 
stags were placed out with negroes so ignorant as to 
call the drug "ox vomit," but the sum of the testi- 
mony was far too great to allow much for the factor 
of ignorance on the part of my observers. It was the 
unanimous testimony of all that if a chicken hawk 
ever fed on a young "Shawl neck" or "War horse" 
that had been fed on nux vomica that morning, the 
hawk never returned. There is no mystery con- 
nected with this result if we consider the following 
facts : 

The evolution of the bird under the life conditions 
imposed on this earth, as we know it, would bring 
among the first variations a difference in feeding 
habits. Some would in the struggle naturally con- 
centrate upon the vegetable seeds and grain foo'ds, 
others would turn to insect life, others more pre- 
dacious, adapted themselves to freshly killed flesh of 
other birds or animals, while some, once above such 
things, would satisfy themselves with putrid flesh. 

These things did not all come in a day, and hence 
the first of the above groups became in time accus- 
tomed to, and hence immune to, the influence of any 
alkaloids or other poisons which might occur in the 
seeds and grain of their range, while even the last 
named would in time acquire freedom from the ills 
which others suffer from ingesting the ptomaines and 
other decomposition products of putrid flesh. In 
other words, vegetable feeders became tolerant of 
vegetable poisons, and flesh feeders indifferent to the 
toxins of flesh, while each is still more or less sus- 
ceptible to the influence of things unaccustomed. 

In using the poison it is best to use the crude drug 
in place of the active principles, for the reasons set 
forth below. The nux vomica of the druggist is the 
powdered seed of a small tree (strychnos nux 
vomica) growing in India, and from this same but- 
ton or seed the alkaloid strvchnine is obtained. The 



first is slowly absorbed, while the latter, notwith- 
standing its relative insolubility among alkaloids, 
would soon pass into the general circulation and 
tissues. 

The chicken hawk of the South is nine times out 
of ten Cooper's hawk (Accipeter cooperi), and 
with their genus it is, fortunately for our purpose, 
the habit of the thief to eviscerate its prey, and bolt 
the entrails at the first resting place on his toilsome 
homeward flight. Bring down any of the Falconido? 
as they reach their nests with prey, and, as a rule, 
you will find the prey "stripped." 

As regards the susceptibility of the guinea fowl 
mentioned, I know nothing of the facts — a guinea 
may be killed with strychnine, but as a graminiv- 
orous bird he should carry safely enough to kill a 
hawk. A spring chicken will carry morphine enough 
to kill the man that eats him entire. 

One fact in connection with the guinea is sugges- 
tive, however. He is, as the name indicates, from 
the west coast of Africa, where, as far as I know, the 
strychnine and brucine bearing Longoniaccea are 
unknown, while our fowls, all varieties of the Indian 
jungle fowl (Gallus bankiva), originated on the soil 
where we find strychnine bearing plants most abun- 
dant. 

The duck, even in the domestic state, is not 
strictly graminivorous, and we would expect small 
doses of any poisonous alkaloid to give him trouble. 

(Dr.) P. B. Barringer. 

University of Virginia. 



PRECOCIOUS CHICKENS. 

Mrs. Bellwood, of Drewry's Bluff, Va., had a 
brood of Plymouth Rock chickens hatched on the 
25th of January, 1903. One of the pullets of this 
brood commenced to lay in the first week of May and 
is still laying. It is not often that one hears of 
pullets laying when less than four months old, but 
this particular one actually laid when only a little 
more than three months of age. 



PRESERVING EGGS. 

Use one quart water glass and nine quarts water 
to preserve eggs. Put fresh eggs in a wooden, stone 
or glass vessel, and cover with this solution. Water 
glass a year old is all right to use, if the vessel con- 
taining it has been kept tightly closed. 



456 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



The Horse. 



HACKNEYS IN VIRGINIA. 

Of all Virginia breeders not one has probably 
ever labored more unselfishly, and that on a large 
scale, too, to advance the horse interest in the State 
than the Hon. Henry Fairfax, owner of the noted 
Oak Hill Farm, near Aldie, Loudoun county, who 
imported the famous hackney stallion, Matchless, of 
Londsboro, from England, in 1888, and later sold 
him to Dr. W. Seward Webb, of Vermont, for 
$15,000. Apart from his extensive breeding estab- 
lishment, Mr. Fairfax has played a prominent part in 
public life for years past, serving as a member of the 
State Senate, member of the Constitutional Conven- 
tion and chairman of its Finance Committee, and is 
now one of the State Corporation Commission, which 
is one of the most important offices in the State Gov- 
ernment. Breeding horses began at Oak Llill at an 
earlier dale, of course, but the personal selection in 
England of Matchless by Mr. Fairfax, and his im- 
portation of the wonderfully p6tent stallion, was the 
master stroke that brought fame and fortune to the 
farm as the home of fine harness horses. In the be- 
ginning neighboring farmers were allowed to breed 
their mares to Matchless and other stallions at Oak 
Hill on the most liberal terms, oftentimes no service 
being charged, but simply an. option taken on the 
foal at weaning time. Then, too, premiums were 
offered for the get of the Oak Hill sires, all of which 
encouraged and served likewise to promote an inte- 
rest that has since grown into an industry of vast 
benefit to all that section. 

t£* t£* 1£& 

Matchless Dane, chestnut horse, 7, by Matchless 
of Londsboro, dam Lady Fife, by Danegelt, is the 
stallion now in use at Oak Hill. He has fine size, 
good looks and impressive action. The farm mares, 
some twenty in numberj were all mated with him this 
season, while others of real class were received from 
northern owners. A number of the Oak Hill matrons 
are trotting bred and these, mated with hackney sires, 
have produced some great high-acting harness horses. 
The grand old imported mare, Go, is a fixture on 
the farm and well she may be, because her produce 
sold from the place, not including a couple of foals 
that died, have brought the snug sum of $21,650, 
among them being the 3-year-old registered hackney 
Firey Dane, by Danegelt, purchased last fall by Jas. 
Ilobart Moore, of Chicago, for $10,000. It was the 
intention of ^ir. Fairfax to reserve Firey Dane 
for the stud. Go was sired by Triffett's Fireaway, 
and is probably the only daughter of that stallion 
in America. There were seventeen foals dropped at 



Oak Hill this season and among them are some that 
represent the rirhest hackney strains of blood in this 
country. 

^* ^* ^* 

Whalebone, the son of Abdallah Wilkes and Mag- 
gie O., by Abdallah, 15, has been well patronized 
this season, and the list of well bred matrons sent to 
his court includes Lucania, by Woodbourn Ham- 
letonian, one of the best bred sons of Balmont ; Kitsy 
Blue, by Victor Blue, son of the noted Oakland Barn, 
2 :09;j:, afad Chautauqua Belle, by Henry Coalter, son 
of Norfolk, the sire of Miss Nelson, 2 :11L The get 
of Whalebone all have fine size along with rich color, 
and are of tractable dispositions. 

^* ^* ^?* 

Peter Paul, the brown colt, by Aloha, dam Emi- 
nence, by imp. Kyrle Daly, bred and owned by 
Robert Bradley, of the Greenway Farm, Wilcox 
Wharf, Va., is the best two year old that has shown 
up this season. He has been winning right along in 
good company since the season opened with the Jockey 
Club spring meeting at Washington, and is now at 
Chicago, where he has been a prominent figure at the 
Harlem and Hawthorne meetings. Susie Christian, 
by Wyalusing, dam Gift, by imp. Charaxus, is an- 
other good two year old in the Bradley stable. Aloha, 
the thoroughbred son of imp. St. Mungo, got Robert 
Waddell, the American Derby winner at Chicago in 
1901. 

t^* ^* ^* 

At North Bend Farm, which is near Phillis, Meck- 
lenburg county, Va., Mr. Charles A. Birnie, has the 
California bred trotting stallion Anteneer, 16316, 
and the good-looking son of Eros and Ante, by An- 
teco, is doing nicely. Eros and Anteco are both sons 
of Electioneer, hence Anteneer is inbred to that 
famous son of Hambeltonian, 10. 

(5* ^* t5* 

Lizzie H., full sister to the great race horse Morello, 
by Eolus, dam Cerise, by imp. Moccasin, one of the 
choicest bred mares in the Ellerslie stud of R. J. 
Hancock & Son, Charlottesville, Va., foaled on June 
4th, a brown or black colt by imp. Fatherless, and 
was bred back to that son of Isonomy. This pa- 
trician bred youngster has been christened Ian. 

<5* (5* «5* 

Eon, by Eolus, out of famous War Song, by War 
Dance, heads the Ellerslie Stud, and he has a stud 
companion of rare breeding in imp. Fatherless, the 
English bred son of Isonomy and Orphan Agnes, by 
Speculum. The oldest of the get of Fatherless are 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



457 



only yearlings, but Eon is credited with a number of 
winners, tour of them capturing over $20,000 in 
1!H)2. Ellerslie is the most noted of modern Vir- 
ginia thorough breed breeding establishments, and 
Eon, who was bred there, is one of the grandest look- 
ing thoroughbred stallions ever stripped. The full 
brothers Aurus and Aureus, by Eolus, are also in the 
stud at Ellerslie. Their dam is Sample, by imp. 
Rotherhill. 

(5* «5* <5* 

In a match race at the Deep Run Hunt Club mile 
track, on June 15th, between the pacers Fern, owned 
by Luther Libby, and Smith O'Brien, the property 
of J. C. Cheat-wood, the former won in straight heats, 
time 2:19 1-4, 2:18 3-4, 2:22 1-4. Fern is a bay 
mare by Petoskey, dam Mannie, by Ajax, and Smith 
O'Brien is a brown gelding by Aparka, dam Ada M., 
by Corsair. On the same day Senator Little, the 
brown gelding, by Wilton, dam Ximena Wilkes, by 
Wilkes Boy, to decide a wager, trotted a mile against 
time in 2 :27 1-2. 

«£* «£* «5* 

The well-known Virginian, Algernon Daingerfield, 
formerly a contributor to this journal, has been ap- 
pointed assistant secretary of the Jockey Club, New 
York. Mr. Daingerfield is a son of Major Foxhall 
A. Daingerfield, manager of the famous Castleton 
Stud, Lexington, Ky., and a nephew of the multi- 
millionaire James R. Keene, owner of Castleton. 
The position to which Mr. Daingerfield has been 
elected is an important one, and while his title is that 
of assistant secretary, the duties of the office really 
devolve on him. 

«£• <5* «£• 

C. A. Pusey, one of the veterans of the trotting 
turf, who took Lona Guffin, 2 :23 1-4, down the Grand 
Circuit in the early eighties, and since been promi- 
nently identified with trotters and pacers, is now 
quartered at Glen Lea Farm, near the city, and is 
working the brown gelding Hulman, 2 :20, and others 
for speed. Among other well known horses trained 
and driven during recent years by Pusey may be men- 
tioned such good ones as Mosul, 2 :09 1-4 ; Rustler, 
2:15 1-4; Firewood, 2:17 1-4, and Little B/etz, 
2:23 1-4. 

Jl J» Ji 

The Foxhall Farm, Norfolk, Va., has sold to John 
McGuire, New York, the speedy trotters Baron Wood, 
2:15 1-4, by Baron Posey, and Princess Kenton, 
2 :32 1-4, by Great Stakes, dam Lady Kenton, by 
Hambeltonian Manbrino. The latter is six years 
old, and was driven a mile in 2 :19 1-4 before the sale. 

ȣ* *5* ǣ* 

Bishop Wilmer, the bay colt one year old, bred and 
owned at Plain Dealing Farm, near Scottsville, Va., 
is a good-looking youngster, and should make a trot- 



ter with age and development. He is a son of Vir- 
ginia Chief, and Flora Jefferson, by Bay Diamond, 
son of Mambrino Patchen. The handsomest three 
year old at Plain Dealing and one of the best looking 
to be seen at any breeding establishment is Flora 
Allerton, chestnut filly, 3, by Allerton, dam Flora 
Jefferson. The filly was bred by C. W. Williams, 
owner of Allerton. 

v5* i3* i2* 

Norfolk has joined the circuit of Virginia Horse 
Shows, and will follow Richmond, the dates chosen 
being October 19th to 23d. The show will be held 
at the Fair Grounds, and the mammoth steel build- 
ing there formerly used for exhibition purposes has 
been secured. The Norfolk show will be held on a 
large scale, and will prove a great success, 
•it & jt 

Diomed, winner of the first English Derby 
in 1780, was brought to Virginia when twenty- 
two years old, and $1,000 was paid for the noted^son 
of Florizel and the sister to Juno, daughter of Spec- 
tator. The chestnut stallion died in 1808 the prop- 
erty of Colonel Hoomes, when thirty-one years old, 
and left an imperishable renown. Diomed must 
have been a horse of unusual vigor, because he had 
reached the age to vote when brought to this country, 
yet the voyage of thirty days and tossing about in a 
sailing vessel did affect his spirits and he landed full 
of life. The fate, however, of two other winners of 
this classic event of the English turf was very dif- 
ferent, as Blue Gown, winner of the ninetieth Derby, 
and Kingcraft, hero of the ninety-second, who were 
purchased by American breeders, both died on the 
journey over, though they were shipped on a. steam- 
ship in comparative luxury. The cost of Diomed 
presents a strong contrast to the $10,500 and $150,- 
000, paid respectively by Charles Reed for imp. St. 
Blaise, and W. B. McDonough for imp. Ormonde. 
The last named horses are the only other Derby win- 
ners that ever landed in this cotintry alive, with the 
exception of Diomed and St. Giles, yet the son of 
Florizel proved more valuable than both of them put 
together, for he sired Sir Archy, the Emperor of 
American stallions, who, in turn, got Timoleon, and 
from his sons came the famous Boston, sire of the 
immortal Lexington. Sir Archy, Timoleon and Bos- 
ton were all bred in Virginia. Broad Rock. 

^* e£* %?* 

Sale of Ellerslie, Virginia, Yearlings. 

The Ellerslie yearlings (20 head) sold at Grave- 
send, X. Y., on June 12th, for sixteen thousand eight 
hundred ($16,800) dollars, an average of eight hun- 
dred and forty dollars per head. This shows what 
Albemarle grit and grass will do. Mr. J. S. Stark's 
Red Reynard, by imp. Fatherless, dam Miss Rhodie, 
brought one thousand dollars. 



458 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



Miscellaneous. 



THE ACTION OF POISON ON BIRDS AND ANIMALS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

As the nux vomica question is practically settled, I 
hope I may be pardoned for contributing an addi- 
tional mite. 

The late Judge Pressly, of this State, once publish- 
ed an article in the Southern Cultivator, stating that 
he had used it (nux vomica) with great effect for 
years. He could not say that it killed the hawks, 
but that they disappeared and did not return for a 
long time. He also quoted Mr. M. Pankerin, a dis- 
tinguished chemist of Charleston, as saying that the 
poison was only effective upon such of the feathered 
tribe as came into this world with their eyes closed. 
This, I note, does not agree with the opinion of any 
of your correspondents. 

Now, as to certain animals being immune from 
certain poisons, I can state of my own knowledge that 
a hog cannot be injured by strychnine. Have fed it 
to them myself, and a good many years since, when 
the negroes in a certain part of Georgia would not 
allow the farmers to own a hog, the latter were driven 
to the expedient of using strychnine, and it is on re- 
cord that one morning a negro family failed to show 
up, and examination revealed the fact that they had 
gone to the next world, and the remainder of the hog 
was found in the house. The effect is said to last 
about three weeks, a teaspoonful to one dozen hogs. 
As the hog in his natural state kills and eats rattle- 
snakes, he nmst be proof against other forms of 
poison. Likewise, arsenic, so fatal to many animals, 
is a first class tonic for dogs. I have seen living dog- 
skeletons made fat enough in a few weeks to work up 
into sausages by one dose of arsenic — i. e., a teaspoon- 
ful. Have poisoned rabbits with arsenic, and they 
were eaten by minks withoiit ill-effect. I remember 
the case of one party using nux vomica on his fowls 
who found an owl of the heaviest calibre unable to 
make an attempt to escape, and so continued to live 
for some time. My idea is that instinct or common 
sense teaches them to boycott a territory where the 
diet is not suitable, or they find the natives can "go 
one better.'' Senex. 

Beaufort Co., S. C. 



SOME GOOD SOUTHERN RECORDS. 

The agriculture of the South, as well as that of the 
North, can show some good records. Those who have 
formed their ideas of Southern agriculture from the 
reports of methods practiced and results obtained by 



the average or poorer class of farmers will doubtless 
be surprised at some of the following records given 
by the Practical Farmer, in reply to an Ohio writer : 

While there is more general good farming in Ohio, 
it is not the only place where good farming is done. 
Even in the poor South there are farmers who need 
not be ashamed of what they are doing. We suppose 
that even in the "agriculturally prosperous North." a 
crop of 46 1-2 bushels of wheat per acre would be con- 
sidered a fine crop over an 80-acre field. And yet 
this crop was made down in North Carolina on a 
clover sod by the late Governor Holt. Thirty bushels 
of wheat per acre from seed sown the middle of De- 
cember, after a crop of $50 per acre had been taken 
from the field the year before, does not look like bad 
farming. And yet Mr. Dautridge, of Edgecombe 
county, N. G, did this after getting $50 worth of 
cotton per acre from the field. We suppose that 75 
bushels of oats per acre would be thought a fine crop 
even in Ohio, and yet this crop was made in North 
Carolina, and the man who raised it cut two tons of 
pea vine hay from the same land after the oats were 
harvested, and left the land in crimson clover. 

In Maryland the late General McKinney was as- 
sessed for taxation on one million dollars' worth of 
real estate made by farming since the war, and Capt. 
Andrew Woodall, of the same State, has become a 
millionaire at farming. In Georgia, Mr. Smith,, 
near Athens, gets about $75,000 a year from his crops 
and is- a millionaire. How many more millionaire 
farmers are there in Ohio ? In Eastern North Caro- 
lina we have seen a field from which over 75 barrels 
of Irish potatoes per acre were shipped North in 
early June, a crop of pea vine hay grown on the same 
land by August, and then a crop of late potatoes of 
65 barrels per acre dug from the same land in Decem- 
ber and the land set in cabbage for the next spring 
And these 1,500 barrels of second crop potatoes were 
all sold for seed to the "agriculturally prosperous 
North" before Christmas at $2.50 per barrel, the field 
showing a yield of nearly $400 for the season per 
acre. Can you do that in Ohio, or anywhere else in 
the "agriculturally prosperous North ?" 

We suppose that it would be considered a great 
wonder if a man got $3,000 an acre from land in 
Ohio between December and April, and yet the lettuce 
growers of Eastern North Carolina have been doing 
that for some time at a cost of about $500 per acre. 
If a man in Ohio got $900 for 30 crates of straw- 
berries it would be heralded in the agricultural pa- 
pers of that State. And yet last December this was 
done in Eastern North Carolina from the open field. 
Our Ohio friend is justly proud of his apple orchard. 
But if he had attended the State Fair of North Caro- 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



459 



lina last fall he would have seen apples he has never 
yet seen. The judges at the fair on fruits were Prof. 
H. L. Bailey, of Cornell; Colonel Brackett, of the 
Agricultural" Department, and F. W. Taylor, of the 
St. Louis Fair. They said that they had never seen 
such a display of apples, and Colonel Brackett said 
that such fruit grows only in North Carolina and on 
the Ozarks, and that North Carolina has the advan- 
tage in the exuberant fertility of her mountain lands 
over the thin lands on the Ozarks. 

Ohio has fine grass and fine cattle. But out in the 
plateau region of North Carolina, where the whole 
land is in grass and the cattle are Shorthorns, we saw 
men shipping feeders at 4 1-2 cents, live weight, to 
Ohio, Indiana and Illinois. In Cherokee county we 
saw 200 big haystacks in one field on land underlaid 
with the finest of marble. Our friend thinks that the 
South cannot grow grass. The fact is, that the cot- 
ton farmers have been for generations hard at work to 
keep the grass down. They have neglected forage 
and stock too much, but are gradually waking up to 
their possibilities. We saw a man in Eastern North 
Carolina mowing over two tons of fine hay per acre 
from land that was in cotton the year before, and not 
a grass seed had been sown on the land. Can you cut 
such a grass crop in Ohio from land left idle ? 

At the North Carolina Agricultural Experiment 
Station there is a large lawn of Kentucky blue grass 
over fifteen years old, which is the admiration of all 
who see it. even of Ohio men, and we have several of 
them here. The dense sod springs like a mattress 
under the foot, and shows that grass will grow here if 
given half a chance. On the college farm last year 
a sod was plowed and planted in corn. It promised 
to make 75 bushels per acre, but was cut green and 
used for soiling, and peas were sown on the land, and 
these later in the season were soiled off, and land 
sown in rye and crimson clover, and now the cows 
are wading in the clover. Ohio land could hardly do 
much better. 

The market gardeners in Eastern North Carolina 
habitually get two tons of volunteer hay, equal to the 
best of timothy, on the land from which their early 
orops of garden peas and snap beans are shipped, and 
never a seed is sown. They might do better by sow- 
ing peas, and some of them do. The South needs 
more good Ohio farmers, and good farmers from 
anywhere, to take xip the idle lands. The South is 
"getting there," and while Southern born men greatly 
admire the farming of the North, they are not willing 
to admit that all the good farming is done there. 
With a kind soil and a climate that allows of crop- 
ping that can never be imitated in the North, the pos- 
sibilities of the South are but little understood. The 
Southern farmers do not think they know it all yet, 
and I pity the man anywhere who thinks he has noth- 
ing to learn, even from the South. 



FILLING THE SILO. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I have received numerous inquiries recently in re- 
gard to my opinion as to the best, as well as the 
quickest, way to put up ensilage. I am glad to see 
that the farmers in Virginia and the South generally 
are at last taking an interest in the silo. There is 
nothing made on the farm that gives results as 
qiiickly as corn put up this way. My object in writ- 
ing this article is to attempt to save others the trouble, 
worry and expense in cutting ensilage and filling the 
silo that I have had to contend with by using differ- 
ent kinds of cutters and elevators. The cutters that 
deliver the ensilage into the silo by endless chains are 
a thing ofthe past. There is so much loss of time, 
teams idle, men standing around looking, no one at 
work but the "boss," and he tugging away at set 
screws, slats, endless chains and various devices that 
never work smoothly, that it is beyond endurance. I 
am confident if any one has as much as one hundred 
tons of ensilage to cut and has already a cutter and 
carrier of this kind it will pay him to dispose of it 
and get a "Blower." There is nothing about these 
machines to get out of order. The silage is blown 
into the silo through a pipe. There is no need of a 
stop, from morning until night. It can be put in 
place in one-fourth of the time it takes to place the 
elevator cutters, and the cost of the machines is about 
the same. T. 0. Sandy. 

Nottoway Co., Va. /\ 



BRIGHT OUTLOOK FOR SOUTHERN FARMING. 

"There is no section of the world," said Secretary 
Wilson, in speaking of his last tour of the South, 
"which opens such inducements for diversified farm- 
ing as the Southern section of the United States. I 
believe that the next few years will see a development 
greater than has ever taken place in any sec- 
tion of our country, and the keynote of this will be 
diversified crops, the doing away with the single farm 
crop, and the feeding of crops on the farm." 

Secretary Wilson is a conservative as well as a far- 
seeing man and a farmer himself, and his words may 
be taken at their face value. We commend them to 
our young men. 



The brown mare Frances S. Dayton, 2 :27 .3-4, by 
Cadmus, Jr., dam the great brood mare Daisy Day- 
ton, dam of Lake Erie, 2:13 1-4, etc., by Rysdyk's 
Bellfounder, owned by James Cox, Belgravia Farm, 
Mt. Jackson, Va., foaled on June 1st, a shapely bay 
filly by Kelly, 2 :27, and was bred back to the blood- 
like, handsome son of Electioneer and famous thor- 
oughbred Esther, the dam of Expressive, 3, 2 :12 1-2. 



460 



THE SOUTHERN PLANT EE. 



[July 




THE FARMER'S DOG. 

The true farmer's dog is a Collie. He 
is, when properly bred and trained, 
worth a half dozen "hands" in handling 
sheep and stock generally. 

We have seen a shepherd with two 
dogs "round up" and hold a flock of 
hundreds of sheep on the wild, un- 
fenced moorlands of the north of Eng- 
land, and then pass them through a 
small opening between two short lengths 
of hurdles and count them without the 
assistance of another man, and all this 
done by the dogs without harassing or 
chasing the sheep. The dogs and sheep 
are on the best terms with each other, all 
seemingly enjoying the "round up." 

We produce herewith a picture of one 
of the handsomest dogs of this breed in 
the country, the imported "General 
French," owned by the Maplemont 
Stock Farm, whose advertisement will 
be found in our columns. 



GAPES IN CHICKENS. 

The following comes from A. F. C, Rossville, 
Ind.: 

"Our little chickens are all dying with the gapes. 
Please publish a remedy for this trouble.''" 

The technical name for that disease of poultry 
commonly called the "gapes" is verminous tracheo- 
bronchitis or Syngamosis. It is caused by a small 
round worm, curiously formed, the male being 
firmly attached to the female, giving it the appear- 
ance of having two heads. This worm — Syngamus 
trachealis — is a member of a family of parasites 
that develop without the assistance of an inter- 
mediate host, although undoubtedly it is often found 
in angleworms, and eating these worms often starts 
the disease. 

Gapes recur year after year on some farms and 
never are known on others. Where they appear 
once they are likely to remain with considerable 
persistency. Sometimes removing the poultry yards 
even a short distance causes the disease to disappear. 

A plan we have used with perfect success is one 
that we always hesitate to recommend, for a little 
mistake might do much damage. We prefer it to, 
anything else we have ever tried and have never 
yet lost a chick, and there is no need of losing any 
if proper care is taken. This plan is fumigation 
with sulphur, and it is accomplished as follows: 

In the bottom of an old kettle or similar vessel 
place some coals or a piece of brick or iron heated 



red-hot. Have the chicks in a flat-bottomed basket, 
covered with a cloth; place on the coals or other 
heating material in the kettle a little sulphur, when a 
dense and suffocating smoke will rise. Through 
this smoke slowly pass the basket containing the 
chicks, allowing some of the smoke to rise 
through the spaces in the bottom. Pass the basket 
through the smoke only once before removing the 
cloth to allow the chicks to catch their breath, as they 
will be gaping from inhaling the suffocating fumes. 
Repeat the operation two or three times and then ope- 
rate on another lot until all have been fumigated. 
The fumes of the sulphur kill the worms, which are 
attached to the inside of the trachea, and incidentally 
kill any lice that may be on the chicks. The fumes 
of carbolic acid have been highly recommended as a 
cure for gapes. Carbolic acid is used the same as 
sulphur, and is safer, but the chicks must be exposed 
to the fumes for a longer period than would be the 
case if sulphur were used. It is necessary to use 
almost as much care when using carbolic acid as when 
sulphur is the agent employed in destroying the pest. 
Some of the poultry supply houses have a little in- 
strument c ailed a gape-worm extractor, which is sold 
for a few cents. Gallus Bankiva. 

Breeders' Gazette. 



When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men- 
tion the Southern Planter. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



461 



THE 



Southern Planter 

PUBLISHED BY 

■HE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMP'Y. 

RICHMOND, VA. 

Issued on 1st of kach Month. 



PUBLISHER'S NOTES. 



J. F. JACKSON, 

Editor and General Manager. 

B. MORGAN SHKPHEKD, 

Business Manager. 



TERMS FOR ADVERTISING. 
Rate card furnished on application. 



TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION. 

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER is mailed to 
subscribers in the United States and Canada 
At 50c, per annum; all foreign countries and 
the city of Richmond, 75c. 

REMITTANCES should be made direct to 
■this office, either by Registered Letter or 
Money Order, which will be at our risk. When 
made otherwise we cannot be responsible. 

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of the Post- 
Office to which your paper is sent. Your 
name cannot be found on our books unless 
this is done. 

SUBSCRIBERS falling to receive their paper 
■promptly and regularly, will confer a favor 
■by reporting the fact at once. 

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to 
what time your subscription is paid. 

NO ANONYMOUS communications or en- 
quiries will receive attention. 

Address— THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 

RICHMOND, VA. 



DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S 
COLUMN. 

Tomato Worms 439 

.•Sassafras 439 

Potash for Clover 439 

Hog Yards 439 

Rye and Crimson Clover 440 

Pickle-Making — Storing Irish and 

Sweet Potatoes 440 

Ticks on Cows 440 

Pruning Orchard 440 

Patenting Fruit Trees 441 

Feed Value of Rutabagas 441 

Horses Rubbing Mane and Tail . . . 441 

Irrigating Land 441 

Raising Colts 442 

Lice in the Hen House — Number 
of Roosters Required — Fertility 

of Eggs 442 

Fig Tree Dropping Fruit 442 

Rotten Oak as a Fertilizer 442 

Improving Gravelly Land for 

Grass 412 

Nut Grass 443 

Ploughing Land 443 

Cramp in Horses 443 

Plants for Name 444 

Plant for Name 444 

Sick Chickens and Hens 444 

Curing Pea Vines — Crimson Clover 

Hay 444 

•Seeding Grass — Preventing Wash- 
ing 444 

'Oats Turning to Cheat 445 

Water Meadow 445 

Threshing Cow Peas and Soy 

Beans 445 

'Forage Crops ^ 445 



TO ADVERTISERS. 



All advertisements and matter 
pertaining to advertising must 
reach us by the 25th of each 
month. Please bear this in mind. 



WITH THE ADVERTISERS. 

Superior Grain Drills are offered the 
farmers of the South through our col- 
umns again this season. 

Mr. C. A. Saunders has for sale some 
finely bred Shropshire Ram and Ewe 
Lambs. 

The Harris Hardware Company has 
a few Cultivators left, and is selling 
them at very low prices to avoid car- 
rying them over for another season. 

Look up the advertisement of the 
famous Bickford & Huffman Drill else- 
where in this issue. 

Mr. J. H. Ellis is offering some nice 
Aberdeen-Angus Cattle. Refer to his 
ad. 

Dederick's Hay Press, well known to 
hundreds of our readers, is offered in 
another column. This baler is one of 
the oldest on the market, and is better 
and cheaper than ever before. 

Mr. J. Tabb Janney is offering for 
sale his splendid herd bull, "Hero of 
Bunker Hill." This is a splendid 
specimen of the Angus Breed and a 
most prepotent sire. 

Empire Grain Drills are advertised 
in an attractive form in another col- 
umn. 

The Ohio Carriage Manufacturing 
Company makes an attractive offer in 
this month's advertisement. 

Rose Dale Stock Farm is offering 
Aberdeen-Angus Cattle at "introduc- 
tory prices." Look up the ad. 

Dorset Sheep and Hereford Cattle 
are offered by H. Armstrong, Lantz 
Mills, Va. 

Tamworth and Poland China Hogs, 
also Hampshire Down Sheep can be 
had of Mr. J. C. Graves, Barbours- 
ville, Va. 

Shorthorn Calves — a couple of nice 
ones — can be bought of Repass Bros., 
Wytheville, Va. 

The International Stock Food Co. 
has a large ad elsewhere in this issue. 
Look it up and send for their free 
stock book. 

Nature's Remedy Company has a 
card elsewhere in this number. 



A LESSON OF THE TIMES. 

It is a very neat and attractive han- 
ger in several colors and half-tone ef- 
fects, handsome enough for home 
decoration, which the Studebaker 
Bros. Manufacturing Co. are sending 
out under the above title. It would 
be more aptly described as a pictorial 
history of the rise of a great manu- 
facturing establishment. The upper 
panel pictures the unpretentious but 



Wood's Seeds. 

Seed Potatoes 

for Late Planting'. 

Our customers say that Wood's Cold 
Storage Seed Potatoes have solved the 
problem. 

How to secure a bountiful supply of 
potatoes all through the year. Our 
special circular about Cold Storage 
Seed Potatoes gives full information. 
Write for it. 

Sow Cow Peas 

To follow your grain crops. They can 
be satisfactorily seeded all through 
July. Not necessary to replow grain 
fields for Cow Peas; run cutaway or 
sharp-toothed harrow over the fields, 
and it will give sufficient preparation 
and make a most satisfactory crop. 
Write for prices and special circular. 

T. W. Wood's & Sons, 

SEEDSMEN, - Richmond, Va. 



Plants— G. S 
B. $1.40 per 
1 ,000 : 80c 500: 



CELERY 

Strong healthy plants from French grown seed 
sown thin (in rows) in rich beds. Plants are 
kept in even steady growth by irrigation. (12 
experiments, covering 3 years, by Maryland 
Agricultural Experiment Station, Bulletin No 
S3, with American and French seed, purchased 
from five leading seed firms, showed that Ameri- 
can seed produce about 40 per cent of hollow 
stalks French seed no hollow stalks.)" W. P., 
G. H. and G. P. $1.60 per 1,00 u $1,00,500. 1,500,000 
plants. I ship in ventilated boxes, roots in 
damp moss. F. W. Rochelle. Drawer 7, Ches- 
ter, N. J. 



TURNIP SEED. 



Fresh Stock of 
All Varieties. 



DfGOS & BEADLES, 
Seedsmen, 

1711 E. Franklin St., RICHMOND, VA, 



Mr. Farmer: Do you know that a few colonies 
of good Italian Bees will pay you a better reve- 
nue than any investment you can make? And 
besides ure worth many times their cost to pol- 
lenize your fruit and vegetation each year. 

My pure bred Italians cannot be beaten in 
Virginia. I am prepared to furnish Bees by the 
pound, nuclei or colony. 

Full Colony pure bred Italians in complete 
Langstroth Hive including Super and Founda- 
tion Starters, $6.00 f. o. b. 

Also A. I. Root's hives and supplies at cata- 
logue prices. Extracted and Comb Honey. 

Pure Italian Queens SI 00 each. 

Write me anything you wish to know about 
BEES or supplies, your correspondence solicited. 

J. E. THOMASSON, Bumpass, Va. 



Mention the Southern Planter in 
writing. 



462 



THE SOUTHEKlSr PLANTER, 



[July 



now famous Studebaker blacksmith 
shop of 1852 — the bud in which was 
wrapped up the brilliant Studebaker 
future. For it was this humble shop 
that by growth, development and en- 
largement is the logical predecessor 
of all that the great plant now boasts. 
Following this is an excellent repro- 
duction of the plant as it now is, with 
the legends "largest in the world" and 
"plant covers 101 acres." Below are 
tastefully grouped the Ave Studebaker 
brothers, whose faces have become so 
familiar, and from a cornucopia on 
either side of this group comes all 
manner of vehicles, typical of the end- 
less stream which flows from the 
Studebaker factory to all corners of 
the earth. This hanger, 20x38 inches 
in size, tinned top and bottom, may be 
had by writing the Studebaker Bros. 
Manufacturing Co., South Bend, Ind., 
and enclosing six cents in stamps to 
pay postage. It ought to be in every 
school house in the land. 



State of Ohio, City of Toledo, )ss. 
Lucas County, ) 

Frank J. Cheney makes oath that he 
is the senior partner of the firm of F. 
J. Cheney & Co., doing business in the 
city of Toledo, county and State afore- 
said, and that said firm will pay the 
sum of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS 
for each and every case of Catarrh 
that cannot be cured by the use of 
HALL'S CATARRH CURE. 

FRANK J. CHENEY. 

Sworn to before me and subscribed 
in my presence, this 6th day of Decem- 
ber, A. D. 1886. 

A. W. GLEASON, 
(Seal) Notary Public. 

Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken inter- 
nally and acts directly on the blood 
and mucous surfaces of the system. 
Send for testimonials, free. 

F. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, O. 

Sold by Druggists, 75c. 

Hall's Family Pills are the best. 



A NEW ALMANAC. 

The 1904 Almanac to be issued by 
the America Seeding Machine Co., 
Springfield, Ohio, will be a most com- 
plete and valuable reference book. It 
will contain a complete Almanac, ac- 
curate weather forecasts for each 
month, valuable cooking and other re- 
ceipts for the houswife, reliable veteri- 
nary receipts, reports of experimental 
stations, butter, egg, grain and pro- 
duce account blanks, etc., etc., besides 
departments devoted to the interests 
of the young man, young lady, the girl 
and the boy. This Almanac will have 
a handsome lithographed cover in 
colors, and will contain 64 pages of 
the most useful information. The Al- 
manac will be ready for distribution 
early in the winter. It will be mailed 
free to any person who will send their 
name and address. Requests should 
be sent at once to Department 89. 
American Seeding Machine Co., 
Springfield, Ohio. 



(Jet the 

M c C0RMICK 
CORN BINDER 




reach success 
D 



HE farmer who reaches success is the one 
who not only works hard, but who utilizes all 
of the means within his reach. The Mo 
Cormick corn binder is within the reach of 
every man. It will save your corn crop — ears, 
fodder, stalks and all — and will help double the 
value of this great crop. 



W. K. BAGHE, General Agent for 

McCormick Machines, Richmond, Va. 



RTSffiW 



Bales Hay, Straw, Moss, Husks, 

Results and durability are t be feat ares that bavemade Dederick 
Baling Presses so famous, satisfaction always follows their 
purchase. Our catalogue illustrates a variety 
of styles covering every baling need. You'll 
know how to buy to best advantage if you 
get a copy. It is free. Send for it to-day. 



Cotton, 
Wool. 



Dederick'srifi Press 




is an all round machine 
for all bal 
iug pur- 
poses. Re- 
quires 50 
per cent .^ 
less draft thai? 



rof. JOHN SPENCER, Veterinarian. Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, says: 



uhloro - Naptholeum Dip 



" Insures the Destructions of Mites. Outbreaks which have come under our notice have 
been thoroughly i-tamped out by dipping in a 2 per cent solution of Chloro Naptholeum Dip." 

If you've tried it you know how good it is, if you haven't, try it now. One Gallon sent pre- 
paid upon receipt of $1.60. money order or check. Booklet free. It can make money for you. 
Agents Wanted. THE WRST DISINFECTING CO . Inc., 30 East 59th St., New York 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



463 




For 40 Years 

The above U. S. Registered Trade-Mark 
has been a safeguard to the farmer that 
he made no mistake in buying 

Farmers' favorite 
Grain Drills 

For 1903 we offer to the Farmer many 
improvements and new devices of 
proven merit : 

Steel Ribbon Grain Tubes, 

New Balanced Angle-Steel Frame, 

"Plowlur" Single Disc, Extension Chilled Hub, 

"Perfection" Grass Seeder, 

Improved Box and Roller Bearings. 

Our FREE Grain Drill Literature tells 
all about it. Write for it to-day. 

BICKFORD & HUFFMAN DIVISION 

American Seeding [Machine Company, 
Dept.B . Springfield, Ohio. 



Pressing Hard Easy 

sounds queer, doesn't it? But it isn't diffi- 
cult to understand if you are using a 




RED RIPPERS 

It bales tight bundles, large or small, and does it with the 
least amount of strain on the horse. The Red Ripper has 
been twice entered In competition with other presses, both 
times at the Georgia state fair, where it was awarded first 
premium. Dealers who handle the Red Ripper say that 
it just drives other hay presses out of the market. The low- 
est priced press on the market, and costs less than others 
to operate. Progressive, economical farmers will want to 
know more and can by sending for our new Catalog No. 4S3. 
Distributing points, Baltimore, Memphis, Cincinnati. 

Address SIKES MFC. CO., Holena, Georgia. 



The Hay Baler 



rhleh is in a class by itself, 




"F I!" PRESSES 

eena».faeauH market. Larcrc 



bale fas test and best 

for shipping and 

market. Largest Feed Openings. 

horse and steam powers, 38 styles and sites. Many featured machines, 
standard of the world. Get the free EU catalogue. 

Colllna Plow Co., 1 185 Hampehlre St., Qulncy, III. 



ATTAINING SUCCESS. 

Success affords us the means of se- 
curing additional success, as the pos- 
session of capital enables us to in- 
crease our pecuniary gains. — Staniss- 
laus. 

Every one likes to succeed, no mat- 
ter what the undertaking may be. The 
merchant strives to build up a large 
business, the scholar seeks to perfect 
himself in his studies, and the farmer 
is tireless in his efforts to increase the 
yield of his crops. Some succeed in 
their efforts, while others fail to at- 
tain success. Washington, Lincoln 
and Grant are splendid examples of 
what properly directed effort will ac- 
complish, even though one is com- 
pelled to overcome seemingly insur- 
mountable ombstacles. Success on 
the farm to-day is secured largely by 
the proper selection and use of ma- 
chines. It is impossible to save all of 
the corn crop without using machines, 
and the McCormick corn machines en- 
able the corn grower to double the 
value of his crop. They are the ma- 
chines to buy if you wish to attain 
success. 



To supply a sufficiency of available 
nitrogen is* the husbandman's most 
difficult, yet most necessary task. To 
furnish his animals with an adequate 
supply of digestible protein (nitro- 
genous ingredient) in their rations is 
equally perplexing to the feeder of 
live stock. Without a sufficiency of 
nitrogen, plants fail to acquire their 
full development and return ample 
profits in grain or other products. In 
a similar way animals cannot fully 
develop a strong muscular frame, per- 
fect bones and tendons, or the vim 
and vigor of robust constitutions, in 
the absence of a sufficiency of protein. 
Corn lacks this principle. Oats and 
other cereals give us but some 11 to 
14 per cent., while wheat bran is not 
much richer than the grains in pro- 
tein. Dried blood meal, manufactured 
by the Armour Fertilizer Works, and 
advertised elsewhere in this issue, 
shows an analysis of 87 per cent, of 
digestible protein, hence should at 
once command the attention of stoc* 
feeders. It has been fully tried as a 
food, is economical, prevents many 
diseases, and comes in a handy form 
for use. Tt will also keep poultry 
healthy, and make hens lay. Address 
the above firm for their booklet, giv- 
ing full particulars. 



GENERAL CONUNDRUMS. 

When is a kiss like a rumor? When 
it goes from mouth to mouth. 

Why is the horse the most curious 
feeder in the world? He eats best 
without a bit in his mouth. 

Why is your nose in the middle of 
your face? It is the scenter. 

What is the latest thing in dresses? 
Night dresses. 

Why do chimneys smoke? Because 
they cannot chew. 

When is a ship most happy? When 
she rests on the bosom of a swell. 




Man's 
Wagon. 

The man who has had experience 
in running a wagon knows that it 
is the wheels that determine the 
life of the wagon itself. Our 

ELECTRIC .VS. 

have given a new lease of life to thousands of old 
wagons. They can be had in any desired height.and 
any width of tire up to 8 inches. With a set of these 
wheels you can in a few minutes have either a high 
or a low down wagon. The Electric Handy 
"aeon Is made by skilled workmen, of beBt select- 
ed material— white hickory axles, steel wheels, steel 
hounds, etc. Guaranteed to carry 4000 lbs. Here is 
the wagon that will save money for you, as It 
lasts almost forever. Ourcatalog describing the uses 
of these wheels and wagons sent free. Write for it. 
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., BOX 146 QUI NC Y.ILLINOIS. 





WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT 

and aaad * Buggy Wheels, Steel Tire on, ■ $ ?.** 
With Rubber Tires, tj 1 5.00. I rafg. wheals % to « ia. 
tread. Top Buggies, $28.76; Harness, fS.SO. Write ha 
catalogue. Learn how to buy vehicles and parts direst. 
Wagon Umbrella FREE. W. V. BOOB, Cincinnati, a 



THE IMPROVED 



Write for Prices. 




Chamberlin Mfg. Co., Olean, N. Y„ U. S. A. 



STUMP PULLER 

Most Powerful, Handiest 
and Strongest Built in 
the World. 
Wa make 4 kinds In glass 

to suit all needa and of any 

ired strength. Saves time) 

does the work right. Toe 

operation of p n 1 1 1 ■ t 




stumps and trees by oetr 

imple and 

Free* 



for 



methods is 
eaay. Send 
Catalogue. 
COICAM STUMP HAI MINE MFB. C*. 
226 La Salle Street. Oluaafe, UL 



HERCULES STUMP PULLER 




Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day. 
Clears all stumps in a circle of 1&0 ft. without 
moving or changing machine, Strongest, most 
rapid working and best made. 
Hercules Mfg. Co., 413 17th St., Centreville. Iowa. 



464 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 




ONLY ONE 

more feature demonstrating the unquestioned 
merit of Superior Seeding Machines. The above 
illustration shows the Superior Disk Wheel 
with Sliding Pinion. It consists practically of 
13 wheels of different sizes cast upon a solid 
plate. With it 13 different quantities can he 
sown from each side of the distributer wheel. 
This dispenses with all loose wheels and all side 
draft. There are no removable gears to get lost 
and cause annoyance. Change of quantity by 
change of speed. Our new catalogue No. 14 which 
is free, tells all about this and other Superior 
devices. Write for it today. 

SUPERIOR 

Seeding Machines will do mora and better work 
than any other drill. Will not choke in trash.' 
Built solid and strong of the best materials. One 
man or boy can do perfect seeding in any field 
under all conditions. Superior Seeding Ma- 
chines are guaranteed, and the guarantee is good. 

SUPERIOR DIVISION, 

AMERICAN SEEDING MACHINEGO., 

SPRINGFIELD, OHIO. 



The WEBER HH. 


P. ly^f? 




Gasoline Engi 


nesjj 






for running 








grinders, shred- 






I JBr«™ — 


ders, cutters, 4 




l :rr: "TrSiHf/ nS a£2^ 


JL^nj Vlli « 


threshers, etc. 






iSthJmi li»l -o 


Free catalogue 








gives all sizes. 
\Vebcr Gas & 




Pi ' Jiaisi^W Xj^SfllQilflll 








If ym a 


Gasoline Engine 




^^flilSSS 


WkSJp . ? 


Co., Box ia- 


i!l\|E 


WBrjy <4 £ 


Eansas City, fflo. 









RIFE HYDRAULIC ENGINE 



WATER RAISING 

by water power is the sure, economical 
way. A constant stream for irrigation, 
stock or household use. PUMPS TO 
ANY HEIGHT. No attention. The thing 

for the country home. 

Sold on .10 clays trial. 

Write for free catalogue. 

RIFE ENCINE CO., 
1 26 Llberly St. Now York. 



STEAM MERRY GO-ROUND 

for sale; Price $800.00, is in good shape and 
anyone with a little push can make it pay 6 per 
cent, on $30,000. Satisfactory reasons for selling. 

J. W. & T. H. MASSEY, Hampton, Va. 



A NEW ADVERTISER. 

We invite attention to the adver- 
tisement of J. S. Moore's Sons, else- 
where in this issue. This firm suc- 
ceeds Mr. D. O'Sullivan in the gro- 
cery business at Eighteenth and Main 
streets, Richmond, Va. The old store 
house is being renovated and re- 
modelled and restocked with every- 
thing in the grocery line. As Mr. 
O'Sullivan sold the good will of his 
business also, the new firm is expect- 
ing his old customers to favor it with 
a share of their patronage. Best gro- 
ceries, prompt attention and lowest 
prices in the city are the grounds upon 
which the trade of our customers is 
solicited. 



ELI HAY BAILERS. 
Hay balers on a large scale will be 
interested in the Eli Power Presses, 
which are advertised elsewhere, by 
the manufacturer, the Collins Plow 
Company, Quincy, 111. All told, this 
company manufactures near two-score 
of presses, including about everything 
that could possibly be desired in pat- 
tern and size. The power "Elis" are 
distinguished by numerous specially 
valuable features, such* as being self- 
feeding, automatic condensing hop- 
pers, automatic block placers, signal 
bells for regulating size of bales, etc. 
These presses are made in both wood 
and steel cases. They have a record 
of three bales a minute, which, con- 
sidering the shapely and solid, com- 
pact character of the bale, ought to 
meet the requirements of the most ex- 
acting buyer. The Eli press is past 
the experimental stage. It has es- 
tablished a most enviable character 
by long service in the field. Most of 
our readers are acquainted with it. 
Such as are not and are thinking of 
buying should not think of placing an 
order until they have procured the f 
catalogue and made a study of its 
claims. Consult the ad. and write for 
catalogue. It is mailed free. 



HIS REASON. 



It has been said «* **>e southern 
darky that he has not always a clear 
idea as to property rights, but on 
some points it appears that he is not 
in the least hazy. 

An old colored man in the days 
"befo' de wah" was given one of his 
master's cast-off hats, which he wore 
with great pride. One Sunday his 
master met him coming home from a 
camp-meeting in a pouring rain, bare- 
headed and holding his hat under his 
coat. Later on the master questioned 
him jocosely, "Why didn't you wear 
your hat, Jerry? Did you feel the 
need of cooling your head?" 

"You see it am laik dis, sah," re- 
sponded Jerry. "Mah head am yours, 
but mah hat am mine, an' nachelly I 
feels laik takin' care ob it, sah." — 
Youth's Companion. 



Mention the Southern Planter in 
writing. 



"THE INVINCIBLE" 

-jePOTATO PLANTER*,- 

is the most practical and successful hand po- 
tato planter made. Will not clog, but under 
all conditions does perfect work. Only 
planter made with open wire sleeve. A boy 
can plant from four to six acres a day with 
an Invincible Planter. Strongly made. 
Handles unbreakable and adjusta ble. 
Read these unsolicited letters: 
Gentlemen, — I am very high- 
ly pleased with the Invincible 
Potato Planter. Would not 
take $10 if I could not get an- 
other. Not every farmer can 
afford to buy a $100 two-horse 
planter to use only for a day 
or two and stand idle the rest 
of the year. 

L. H. SNOW, , nWnr 
Phoenixville, Conn. HHIIH 
Read this: Prf 

Gentlemen,— I bought 17"™/*i- / 
one of your Invincibh flflflttPM." 
Potato Planters as a trial «"5»fe **•",, 
sample last year anc 1 ! 
think it equal to an extra; 
man, besides being a, 
good back saver. 

C. W. GRIGGS, 
Rose Valley, Pa. 

Reliable Agents Wanted. 
Any farmer can sell Invincible Planters on 
sight. Write for terms. 

Circulars Free. 

H. H. WABERS M'F'G. Co., 

Racine. Wis. 




-EPARATORS AND POWERS. 

J For 1, 2 aad 3 hones, with governor; level o 
even tread. Catalogue free. 




Sweep powers, Corn Shelters, Feed Mills, Steel Rollers, Mowers, 
Rakes, Cultivators, Saws, Engines— 3 to 25 H.P., mounted or 
stationary. The Mesalnger Mfg. Co., Tut amy, Fa. 



WCII DRILLING 



MACHINES 



The most successful money-making ma- 
chines ever made. Also machines for boring 
wells with augers by horse power. Write 
us if you mean business. 

Loomis Machine Co., Tiffin, Ohio. 



SEPARATOR 

FOR SAL" OR EXCHANGE 
A De Laval Humming Bird Separator, 
in perfect condition, used about 20 times; 
will sell cheap for cash or will exchange 
for a pure-bred Bull Calf of any Beef 
Breed — -Polled preferred. 

W. H. MacNAIR, Tarboro, N. C. 



CULTIVATORS BELOW COST! 

Roofing Materials. — Tin plate, iron roof- 
ing, paper roofing, nails, hardware. Car- 
riage and wagon materials. Cook stoves 
etc. Don't write us unless you want the 
best at the Lowest Price. 

HARRIS HARDWARE CO., &Z£Stt: 



ROUND SILO 



THE PHILADELPHIA. 

The only Perfect Continuous Open Front 
SILO made. See Open-Top Patent Roof. Ask 
ror Catalogue. E. P. SCHLICHTBR, 

321 Vine St., Philadelphia, Pa. 

Also made in the West by Duplex Mfg. 
Co., South Superior, Wis. 



1903.J 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



465 




WIRE FENCE. 

Heavy lateral wires, heavy hard steel stays, 
coiled spring wire. Sure Grip lock. In 
strength, appearance and durability, the 
Hard Steel cannot be excelled. Write for 
catalogue and prices. 

THE HARD STEEL WIRE FENCE CO., 
Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio. 



SOI 



r d T 1 1 o q u J 're* 
J HANL0VE GATE CO . 
272 HURON ST.CHICAGO. ILL. 



(The only machine 
that will pay for it- 
self without help, 
or save your frisky 
horse or wife from 
a runaway. 







Genuine Spiral Spring Wire 
FENCES AND GATES 

If your dealer does not have our 

goods in stock you can buy direct 

at Manufacturers' Price. Write 

i for Catalogue and secure agency. 

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO. 
Columbus, Ohio. 




PAGE 12-BAR, 58-INCH FENCE 



comes pretty near beine the perfect farm fence. 
PAfiK WOVO WIBK KKNCK < 0., Adrian, Mich. 



hi a/g&Na frfixji LAWH FENCE 






Many desipns Cheap _ 
wood. 32 page Catalogrw 
free. Special Prices to Cem» 
tarlesandCborehttt. Addresff 
COILED SPRING FENCE CO. 
Box Q,. Winchester, !■« 




FENCE! 



STRONGEST 

MADE. BuB 

strong. Chi*ken 
tight. Sold to the Farmer at WhoiesaU 
Prices. Fully Warranted. Catalog Fr»e 

COILED SPBIN8 FENCE C0_ 
Bex it Winchester, Indiana, B. S. 4 



FOR SALE 

a Mccormick 

IMPROVED 

Corn Harvester 



It is in perfect 
condition a nid 
does tine work.?: 

W. E.THOMAS,. 
Nassawadox, Va. 



NO HUMBUG. T no e nl 

Swlno V , Stock Murker end Cslf Dehorncr. 

from rooting. Makes 48 'iiflerent ear marki 

Boms. Priced. SO. Send tl for trial. If ltsuitt.send b»l 

snoe. Psfd M»j 6, 19U2. Hog and Cslf Holder onlj 75c. 

FARMER BRICHTON, FAIRFIELD, IOWA. 




FRFF fr° m anxiety over 
I nLL w ash day a re those 
whnusouDILLEY QUEEN 
WASHER. We manufac- 
ture throe styles of wash- 
ers; to introduce them 
we will give yon the ad- 
vantage of our factory 
prices for a short time. 
Write for catalogue and 
prices. Our Up-to-Date 
at $2.50. 

LYONS WASHING MACHINE CO 




HIGHEST PRICES FOR BALED 
HAY. 

The prices obtained for baled hay 
are largely inflvfcnced by its appear- 
ance. Uniformity of sections, even- 
ness and squareness of ends, command 
both better sales and better prices 
than poorly baled hay. To get the 
best prices means the production of 
the best appearing bales, and in this 
respect the work done by the Dederick 
baling presses, manufactured by the 
P. K. Dederick's Sons, Albany, N. Y., 
places these machines in the lead. 
Every farmer interested in the baling 
of hay or straw should send to thi- 
firm for their latest catalogue. It is 
instructive and contains descriptions 
of baling machines in various sizes 
and styles for every baling need. 



FOR AN IDLE MOMENT. 

He kissed her back. — Atlanta Consti- 
tution. She fainted upon his departure. 
— Lynn Union. She seated herself upon 
his entering. — Aloia Democrat. She 
whipped him upon his return. — Bur- 
lington Hawlceye. How about the 
woman who was hurt in the fracas? — 
Railway Age. He kicked the tramp 
upon his sitting down. — American 
Pharmacist. We thought she sat down 
upon being asked. — Saturday Gossip. 
He kissed her passionately upon her 
reappearance. — Jefferson Souvenir. A 
Chicago foot pad was shot in the tun- 
nel. — Western Medical Reporter. We 
feel sorry for the poor woman who was 
shot in the oil regions. — Medical 
World. And why not drop a tear for 
the man who was fatally stabbed in 
the rotunda, and for him who was 
kicked on the highway? — Medical Age. 
How about the follow that was shot 
in the tenderloin district? — Rockwell 
Phonograph. Please shed a few tears 
for the Ruthven girl who was hit on 
tbe front porch. — Ruthven (la.) Ap- 
peal. 



Lyons. Mich. 



CHLORO NAPTHOLEUM. 

This well-known Dip has received 
very strong endorsement recently at 
the hands of Dr. G. T. Seabury, State 
"Veterinarian of Wyoming. He has is- 
sued a proclamation to the stockmen 
of that State, that all stock affected 
with Texas Itch, Spanish Itch, Range 
Itch, Mange or Lice must be dipped, 
and says that Chloro Naptholeum is 
the best possible remedy to obtain, 
and strongly urges its use. 

The West Disinfecing Co., manufac- 
turers, of New York^, no doubt feel 
proud of this strong endorsement, and 
very justly so. 

Chloro Naptholeum is advertised 
elsewhere in this issue. 



Why is a kiss like a sermon? It re- 
quires two heads, and an application. 

When was Shakespeare a broker? 
When he furnished stock quotations. 

Why don't Sweden have to send 
abroad for cattle? Because she keeps 
her Stock-holm. 



41 50 



The Editor 

of this paper would not publish this advertisement 
if h didnotknow the Ohio Carriage Mfg. Co. 
to be perfectly responsible, and that they would 
make good every claim they make for the celebrated 

Split Hickory Vehicles 

Sold on 30 Days Free Trial 

and covered with iron-clad guarantee for 2 years. 

Thu u our Celebrated 

Split 

Hickory 

Special 

which has 
100 points 
of merit, 

solddireotfromfactorytonserforfl»^7 Rfi 
The price is just high enough to «3>*"r » »w V 
ensure a good job, and at least $25 below what a 
dealer would ask for a similar job — not a Split 
Hickory one. REMEMBER we manufacture 
only SPLIT HICKORY VEHICLES. Write at 
once for FREE Catalogue. 

OHIO CARRIAGE MFC. CO., 
Station 41 , Cincinnati, Ohio. 




ye 3 a°rs SELLING DIRECT 

Vehicles and Harness direct to consum- 
er at factory cost plus one protit only. 
Large Catalogue Free. 

ELKHART CARRIAGE AND HARNESS MFG. CO., 

Elkhart, Ind. 



FRAZER 

Axle Grease 

Its wearing qualities are unsurpassed, ac- 
tually outlasting 3 bxs. any other brand, 
Not affected by heat. -SSrGet the Genuine. 
FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS. 



Best In 
the world. 



SAN JOSE SCALE 



and other Insects 

can be con- 
trolled by using 

GOOD'S CAUSTIC POTASH 
"WHALE OIL. SOAP. No. 3. 

It also prevents Curl Leaf. Endorsed by en- 
tomologists. This soap is a fertilizer as well as 
Insecticide 60 lb. kegs, $2.50; 100 lb. kegs. 84 50. 
Half barrels, 270 lbs., at 3%c. per lb.; barrels. 
425 lbs., at 3^c. Large quantities, special rates, 
Send for circular. 

JAMES GOOD, 
939— 41 N. Front St., Philadelphia, pa. 



a sA&u learly 2 sco 
rJV^ e uSl JUBm \ for bnsinoss. 



Searly 2 score years we Iulti 
men and women 
Only Business Col- 
lege in Va., and second in South 
to own its building. No vacation. 
'Catalogue free. Bookkeeping, 
Shorthand, Penmanship by mail. 



President. 
"Leading bus. col. south Potomac river." — Phila. Stenographer. 




MARK 



YOUR STOCK. 

. USB THE 



KENTUCKY ALUMINUM EAR LABEL 

Made by F. H. JACKSON & Co., Winchester, Ky 
Write to tliem for free samples. 



466 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER 



[July 



All 1111 and FERTILIZER 

GRAIN DRILL 

^ m * The YORK FORCE FEED DRILL or... 
bines lightness with strength. Most complete drill 
made- > o complex gearing to get out of order. Boxes 
arerlosetoground. Fully 

Easily <V-*=Trtes. Guarouteed 
regulates 
Quantity 
of seed 
or fer- 
tilizer, 
and 
sows 
with 




regu- 
larity. 
Weight, 
Only TOO lbs3 
Agents Wanted. 
Write for Catalogue. 
THE HENCH & DROMGOLD CCO 
Mft-s., Tork, Pa. 




FREE SAMPLE 

Of "THE STORY OF MY I-IFE AND 
WORK," By Booker T. Washington. 

Send us your name and 
address. Wo want you 
to have a copy of this 
autobiognapihy of the 
greatest living Negro 
for the purpose of In- 
troducing' it In your 
community. It la a 
remarkable seller, big 
profit; agents are mak- 
ing from $4 to $ 1 per 
day. Will you Intro- 
duce It by selling or 
getting us an agent? 
If so, send at once for 
a sample. 
^J.L. NICHOLS & CO., 
Atlanta, Ga. 
Selling Price 81.00. oi.S Austell Ruildinff. 



HOMES M« mCET0 

No place in the United States can a 
man do so well at farming, for tt e money 
invested, as in Virginia. Lands are 
cheap; climate good, and the best of 
markets close at hand. It is the State 
of all others, for a comfortable all the 
year round home. The James Kiver 
Valley Colonization and Improvement 
Company offer superior advantages to 
land purchasers. For free 36 page land 
pamphlet, address 

W. A. PARSONS, Vinita. Va. 

C &OMain St. Depot Richmond, Va. 

TO HOMESEEKERS. 

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING 
IN VIRGINIA." 

Is the title of a new pamphlet issued by the 
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We 
will gladly mail you a copy. 
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER, Agt. 
G. P. A., Lands and Immigration, 
Roanoke, Va. 

WE HAVE A LARGE LIST OP 

FRUIT, POULTRY and TRUCK FARMS 

Ten, Fifty and One Hundred Acres each, with 

good buildings, close to steam and trolley 

lines, easy access to the city. Also 

GRAIN AND STOCK FARMS 

From 100 to 1,000 acres at low prices all the 

way from ?5 to $50 per acre. Write for 

Catalogue. 

THE VIRGINIA LAND AGENCY, Richmond, Va. 

J. R. HOCKADAY, Manager. 



EMILY'S CHARGE. 
(A Serial Tale by Mary Washington.) 

CHAPTER I. 

"Extraordinary!" exclaimed Mrs. 
Brown. 

"Preposterous!" said Mrs. Smith. 
"Absurd!" chimed in a third lady. 
"Quixotic!" exclaimed a fourth. 
All these comments were uttered 
over the tea table of Mrs. Brown, and 
the subject of them was a young girl 
in the neighborhood, Emily Hening- 
ham, an orphan left in charge of a 
young sister and brother. What they 
criticized in her was the fact that she 
had declined what they termed "high- 
ly advantageous offers" to adopt her 
brother and sister, declaring her reso- 
lution to keep them with her, and, if 
possible, rear and support them her- 
self. She was a girl of nineteen, 
whose mother had recently died, leav- 
ing in her charge a sister of twelve 
and little brother of ten. Her father 
had died soon after the war, leaving 
his family much straitened, but Mrs. 
Heningham's right of dower had en- 
abled her to retain a home for herself 
and children during her lifetime. Col. 
Heningham had been deeply involved 
in debt. Owing to the fatal credit 
system so commonly practiced in Vir- 
ginia before the war, he had allowed 
himself to fall into debt almost before 
he knew it. He might have extricated 
himself without difficulty then, but his 
creditors did not press for a settle- 
ment nor indeed care for one, as they 
were getting a good interest on the 
claim, and his property seemed an am- 
ple security for its final settlement, 
but when the day of reckoning came 
after the war, it swept all he had ex- 
cept what the creditors allowed Mrs. 
Heningham for her contingent right 
of dower. 

Mrs. Heningham's health had long 
been delicate, but after her husband's 
death she became increasingly frail, 
so that the care of the younger chil- 
dren devolved more and more on 
Emily, who loved them with the 
double love of mother and sister, an 
affection which they, on their part, re- 
turned warmly. The little girl, Alice, 
was very sprightly and strikingly pret- 
ty. The boy, Walter, was a bright, 
impressive child, warm hearted and 
generous, but of an easy, impression- 
able temperament, that made him pe- 
culiarly susceptible to any strong in- 
fluences, either good or bad, that were 
brought to bear on him. This latter 
trait his mother noted in fear and 
trembling, and as she found her health 
declining, this subject occasioned her 
more anxiety than any other. "I wish, 
dear Emily," she said, "that you could 
keep your brother and sister with you, 
especially the former. You under- 
stand his disposition and temperament 
so well, and would strive as earnestly 
as I would to guard against and coun- 
teract his weak points. But I do not 
see how this can be, and therefore I 
will hamper you with no promise, and 
scarcely feel regret to hamper you 
even by expressing this wish. I ear- 



IF YOU WISH TO SELL 



— OH. 3 

VIRGINIA LANDS 

Communicate with us. Write for free 
"Virginia Real Estate Journal," con- 
taining many splendid bargains. 
R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., Inc , 

No. i N 10th St , Richmond, Va 



VIRGINIA FARMS 

S3 PER ACRE AND UPWARDS. 

EAST PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FREE. 

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Va. 

Established 1875. 

And all that 
it Implies." 

Good land, climate, markets, shipping fa- 
cilities, churches, schools, good health, mode- 
rate prices, easy terms. 
nACON & CO., - Orange, Va. 



PIEDMONT 



FINE FARMS ~ 

best climate and wate 



the great fruit grain and 
stock section of VIRGINIA. 
water in the U. 8. Near great 
markets, with best educational advantages. 
For further information, address 

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO., 
Sam'l B. Woods, Pres Charlottesville, Va. 



VIRGINIA FARMS 

All prices and sizes. Free list on application. 
WM.B. PIZZINI CO.. Richmond. Va. 



Bo South. 



For full par- 
ticulars write 
A. JEFFERS, 
Norfolk, Va. 



SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA 

BLUE GRASS FARMS and MINERAL LANDS. 

Send for Free Real Estate Bulletin. 
Southwestern Va, Land Agency, Wytheville, Va. 



WANTED, By a practical Pennsyl- 
vania farmer, to rent or manage a 
good Virginia farm. Best reference, 
address "FARMER," Williamsport, Pa. 



WANTED 

POSITION by Practical Poultry man 
to plan and build a duck and poultry 
plant for market, for a man having 
location and capital. None other need 
answer. Salary expected until busi- 
ness is established. No. 1. references 
given and same required. Address 
C. F. G., 
Care Southern Planter. 



WANTED— A WHITE FAMILY TO WORK 
for wages in the country; woman to cook; 
another to work in house and dairy (fuel 
and water right at hand) and a man or boy 
care for driving horses, work in garden, 
etc. All at the same home. Address, 
WALTER RANDOLPH CRABBE, 
Hague, Westmoreland Co., Va. 



RUPTURE 

No cure, no pay. 
Westbrook, Maine. 



CURED while you work 

You pay 84 when cured, 

ALEX. SPEIRS, Box 844. 



1903.J 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



407 



FARMS FOR SALE! 

Farm No. 2. 
Contains 265 acres; 215 under culti- 
vation; 50 acres original oak and 
hickory. Fronts on the pike running 
from Winchester to Alexandria; five 
miles from railroad; one-half mile 
from proposed electric railroad. Excel- 
lent six-room dwelling house, with 
broad halls, standing in a large, nicely- 
shaded blue-grass lawn; all necessary 
outbuildings; land chocolate clay, with 
stiff clay subsoil; all level, but rolling 
enough to drain well; fine for wheat 
and grass; well watered. Owner con- 
templates making improvements. But 
if sold before, price $25 per acre, on 
«asy terms. 

No. 3. 

Contains 430 acres; 350 acres under 
cultivation; 80 acres in good original 
oak and hickory timber. Situated in 
Loudoun county, four miles from rail- 
road station; one mile from proposed 
electric railroad. Soil in fine state of 
cultivation; adapted to grain and grass. 
Land level and watered by streams, 
and a beautiful, bold spring in the yard. 
Good dwelling and outbuildings; two 
new stock barns. Greater part of farm 
in grass. Price now, $20 per acre. 

No. 4. 
Contains 100 acres, all under cultiva- 
tion, and in good condition. Good 
frame dwelling and all necessary out- 
buildings in good condition. Situated 
on the pike, with market wagons pass- 
ing every day, paying Washington city 
prices for produce. Splendidly situated 
for fruit, poultry, dairy and trucking. 
Price now, $2,000, on easy terms. 

No. 5. 

Contains 163 acres; one-half under 
cultivation; balance in second-growth 
timber. Good seven-room dwelling and 
necessary outbuildings; good orchard 
in fine fruit section. Farm lies near 
Southern railroad, twenty miles from 
Washington; well watered; a splendid 
dairy farm. Price, $2,000. 

No. 11. 

Contains 315 acres in high state of 
improvement. Large frame dwelling, 
10 rooms, 2 large cattle barns, and all 
necessary farm buildings in good re- 
pair. Land watered by spring branches. 
Situated in aristocratic neighborhood. 
Convenient to depot and to Washington 
market. Price, $50 per acre. 

The above-described farms are situ- 
ated in a neighborhood of refined citi- 
zens, with good labor plentiful, and 
will not be on the market long before 
being sold. For further information 
and a more detailed description of any 
one of them, write to 

W. E. MILLER, 
Herndon, Va. 



nestly hope, however, that our 
Heavenly Father may open a way for 
you to do so." 

A few weeks after the conversation 
recorded above, Mrs. Heningham pass- 
ed away, heaven borne for dying seems 
scarcely the right term to apply to the 
passing away of so pure and gentle a 
soul. The neighbors thought Emily 
not only peculiar, but somewhat insen- 
sible, because she did not give way to 
stormy grief or gloomy despair; but 
amid her grief and loneliness she was 
sustained by a keen realization of the 
truth that her mother had passed into 
"the land of the living," the truly liv- 
ing, returning into the flower of an 
exquisite and eternal youth, reunited 
to the lover and husband of her youth, 
and enjoying every truly human facul- 
ty, only exalted to a far higher degree 
of perfection than is possible in the 
life of the body. 

But although Emily did not give up 
to clamorous grief nor persistent de- 
pression, yet all her life long she 
cherished as something inexpressibly 
dear and sacred, the memory of her 
mother, whose influence always linger- 
ed about her, helping to shape and 
ennoble her whole subsequent life. 

After the first few days of bereave- 
ment had passed away, Emily began to 
revolve in her mind what arrange- 
ments she should make for the future. 
Fortunately, she was naturally of a 
decided and self-reliant disposition, 
and these traits had been strengthened 
by the experiences through which she 
had passed since her father's death. 
They could no longer live at their old 
home, which, for several years past, 
they had held only by the frail tenure 
of their mother's life estate, and now 
with the exception of a small piece of 
property that had belonged to her, 
they had nothing. Their old home 
was a noble one, situated in the Pied- 
mont Valley on James river. It bore 
the name of "Soldier's Joy," which 
Emily's great grandfather had bestow- 
ed' on it, in the joy of his heart when 
he returned from the Revolutionary 
war, to sit down under his own vine 
and fig tree with his family. 

Situated on a gentle hill, the house 
commanded a landscape of peaceful 
beauty, James river flowing between 
its willow fringed banks, wide bot- 
tom lands on either side, covered with 
tobacco, or waving grass or long 
serried ranks of corn, the canal follow- 
ing the line of the river, bordered by 
locusts and other trees, which in sum- 
mer were profusely festooned with 
garlands of white dermats and scarlet 
trumpet flower, whilst "Borne blue 
peaks in the distance rose to give a 
finishing beauty to the scene." 

The yard at "Soldier's Joy" was en- 
compassed by a belt of beautiful, cone- 
like cedars, whose boughs were musi- 
cal with the songs of birds. The gar- 
den was bisected by a central walk 
dividing the flower sfnd vegetable de- 
partments, like the line between 
poetry and prose. The walk was bor- 
dered with box, a shrub dear to our 



MORPHINE 

OPIUM AND WHISKEY HABITS CURED AT 
YOUR HOME. 

Private sonaionom lor complicated cases. 



WHAT THOSE SAY WHO ARE CURED. 



Evidence Voluntary and From Such Men as Dr. 
Tunstall and Others Admits of No Doubt. 



THE NELSON COUNTY MEDICAL & SURGICAL 
SOCIETY.-DR. W. M. TUNSTALL, PRES'T. 

LOVINGSTON, VA., Dec. 12, 1902. 
Dr. B. M. WOOLLBY, Atlanta, Ga.: 

Dear Doctor, — As I am alone in my office 
to-night, and supposing that you are not un- 
like other M. D.'s in appreciating good re- 
ports from their patients, I shall do what I 
have often and for quite a while intended, 
drop you a few lines. 

You have a great number of cases, but I 
shall feel it deeply if you do not recall my 
sad case. I am glad to say that I firmly be- 
lieve that I am entirely and permanently 
cured of the Drink Habit, as I have never 
even so much as wanted a drink in any form 
since I took your eradicator, now eighteen 
months ago. It was the best Ten Dollars I 
ever invested. Unfortunately people are 
skeptical, and especially so as regards 
•whiskey cures, as I freely admit I was. But 
not so now (as regards ypur remedy), and my 
chief regret Is that I had not used it before 
I did and that I cannot personally tell every 
one addicted to the use of Intoxicant* my 
experience. 

This endorsement of your remedy, as you 
are doubtless aware, is positively prohibited by 
the "American Code of Medical Ethics," of 
which I am a strict adherent, but my excuse 
is plain, for I would feel that I was not a 
"manly man" could I not speak my honest 
convictions not for your advantage, but all 
mankind. 

T am glad to say the above is entirely 
voluntary on my part, ks I have not, as you 
know, heard from you for fully twelve 
months. With my best wishes I am sincerely 
and gratefully yours, 

W. M. TUNSTALL, M. D. 

Address for book and full particulars, Dr. 
B. M. WOOLLEY, 200 Lowndes Building, At- 
lanta, Ga. 



The RICHMOND, FREDERICKSBURG 

and POTOMAC R. R. 
and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y 

Form the Link connecting the 

Atlantic Coast Line R. R., 
Baltimore and Ohio R. R., 
Chesapeake and Ohio R'y. 
Pennsylvania R. R., 
Seaboard Air Line R'y 
and Southern R'y. 

Between all points, via Richmond, Va. 

Fast Mall, Passenger and Express Route be- 
tween Richmond, Fredericksburg, Alexan- 
dria, Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, 
New York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo and All 
Points North, East and West. 

W. P. TAYLOR, Traffic Manager. Richmond, Va. 



Mention the Southern Planter In 
writing. 



468 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



ELMW000 NURSERIES. 



ASPARAGUS 

100,000 2-yr. old Asparagus roots, 
5 varieties. A special rate of $3.50 
per 1000 for 2 mos. for BARR'S, 
PALMETTO, CONOVER. 

APPLES 

A large general assortment, in- 
cluding WINESAPS and YORK 
IMPERIALS. 

Splendid Assortment 

of Ornamental, Shade 

and Fruit Trees. 



EGGS 



from B. P. Rocks, Light 
Brahmas, Brown Leg- 
horns at $1.00 per 13. 



WRITE FOR OUR CATALOGUE. 



J.BJ»«81,il$M 

Why Not Get the Best? 

Pierce's C^elery Compound 

for -Constipation, Dyspepsia, Malaria and 
Chills and Fevers, and a general tonic tablet. 

8end for free sample, its costs you nothing to 
try the best family medicine on earth. 
AGENTS WANTED. 

NATURE'S REMEDY CO., 

WASHINGTON, D. C. 



PILES 



Cured Permanently 

By L0M0L0 TABLETS. 



A pleasant home remedy that is guar- 
anteed to cure. One of the purest and 
best medical preparations ever com- 
pounded. Let us prove our statements 
All correspondence strictly confidential 
Write us. Dr. M. L. GATES, Pres. Loraolo 
Remedy Co., 288 Stewart Bldg., New York City. 




GREENSBORO, N.C. 

For the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE «nd 
other Orug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaustion 

AGENTS.— w e can DUt 7"" next to the 
best .sellers out- sell everywhe eon sight; failure 
impossible; our proposition surprises everybody; 
work up steady trade and income. 

Sample circulars free. 

DULL SUPPLY CO., 
126 Wallace St., FORT WAYNE, IND- 



ancestors' hearts. The flower beds 
were planted in lilies of the valley, 
hyacinths, white violets, tulips, pinks 
and peonies. The roses consisted of 
the Greville, the damask, the velvet, 
the tiny little multiflora, the moss 
rose, the seven sisters with their vary- 
ing tints, all blushing on one stem. 
Then there were lilacs, both white and 
purple, the fragrant yellow jessamine 
and delicate, white star jessamine, 
noblest of all flowers. Altogether, it 
was a charming old garden. 

We have seen above that the or- 
phans had one little piece of property 
inherited from 1 -their mother. This 
was a cottage within a mile or two of 
a popular watering place in the moun- 
tains of Virginia, with twenty or 
thirty acres of land attached to it. 
The way it came into Mrs. Hening- 
ham's possession was as follows: She 
had an old aunt, Miss Melissa Allison, 
who had great faith in the efficacy of 
the waters at the above mentioned re- 
sort, but who could not stand the noise 
and bustle of a crowded watering 
place, and who therefore bought a 
little tract of land a few miles from 
the springs and built herself on it a 
cottage, to which she resorted each 
summer in her own carriage, attended 
by her own cook and maid, and ac- 
companied by one or two nieces or 
cousins. When the old lady died she 
bequeathed the cottage and tract of 
land attached to it to her niece, Mrs. 
Heningham, and now this little piece 
of property was the only resource 
Emily had, except her capacity to 
teach. 

(To be Continued.) 



ASTOUNDED. 



During a visit to the South with an 
eclipse expedition some years ago an 
eminent American professor met an 
old negro servant whose duty it was 
to look after the chickens of the es- 
tablishment where he was staying. The 
day before the eclipse took place the 
professor '~ "- <^1e moment called 
the old man to him and said: "Sam, 
if to-morrow morning at 11 o'clock 
you watch your chickens you will find 
they will all go to roost." 

Sam was skenti^a.l. of course, but 
when at the appointed time next day 
fhp =»'-■" in tnp heavens was darkened 
and the chickens retired to roost, the 
negro's astonishment knew no bounds. 
He approached the professor in awed 
wonder. "Massa," he asked, "how 
long ago did you know dat dem 
chipV^T.- " e;o to roost?" 

"Oh, a long time," said the profes- 
sor, airily. 

"Did you know a yeah ago, massa." 

"Yes." 

"JJen dat beats rie *«bil!" exclaimed 
the astonished old man. 'Dem chick- 
ens wnzn't hatched a yeah ago!" — 
The American Inventor. 



What should you do if you split 
your sides with laughter? Run 'till I 
got a stitch in them. 



Little Chicks 

Q "'.^thrive when fed on our 

^.BABY CHICK FOOD. 

C A perfect balanced food. Sendifor free 
sample and our large illustrated catalog 
of POULTRY.SUPPLIES, 

INCUBATORSLand 

I BROODERS. 

FANCIERS' SUPPLY CO., 

517-519 West Broad!St.,U 

Richmond, Va. 

EVERYTHING FOR THE FANCIER. 



'*• 



m> 



White Plymouth Rock 



Eggs during June and July, 13 for 
75c: 30 for $1.50. No White Hol- 
land Turkey eggs for sale after 
June 10th. 



J OH IS A CLARK, 



Shirley, Va- 



SPECIAL SALE 

Pen, very fine Barred Plymouth Rock chick- 
ens, as follows: 

8 % full stock 1 year old hens, my own raising; 
1 thorough-bred hen from S. B. Johnson yards; 1 
thorough-bred cockerel, my own raising. These 
are very fine birds, beautifully marked. They 
are well worth $15 00, but to sell quickly will 
take $12.00. This is a rare opportunity. 

PIEDMONT POULTRY PLACE, 
Miss E. Callie Giles, Prop. Whittle's Depot, Va. 



32 Varieties 
Best Poultry 

in either old or young stock. 

JNO. E. HEATWOLE, Harrisonburg, Va. 



Reduced price 
on eggs bal. of 
season. Get my 
fine catalog, is 
free for stamp . 
Many breeding 
birds to offer, I 
can please yon 



BROWN LEGHORNS. 



Young stock for sale in 
Fall. Prices reasonable. 

White Plymouth Rocks. 

R. W. HAW, Jr., - - Centralia, Va. 



pit games: 

Black Devils and Red Horses. 

These cocks won 90 per cent of battles fought 
in 1901 and 1902 and have never lost a battle 
when gameness and cutting qualities could win. 
Choice lot of young and old stock for sale. 

THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va. 



Pure-bred, youri^, 

Barred Plymouth Rock 

hens and roosters, for sale; 75 ct-. each. 
Miss S. M. HITER, Ellisville, Louisa Co., va. 



AkinnDA PflATO are handsome, hardy and 
ANuUnA llUAIOirontnl.lL For large cir- 
cular address E. W. COLE & CO., Big Cliffy, Ky. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



469 



WANTED! 

ALL KINDS OF 

LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS 

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White 

Squirrels, Ducks, Swans, Etc. 

CECIL FRENCH, 

718 Twelfth St. N. W., Washington, D. C. 

BARRED and BUFF 

PLYMOUTH - ROCKS 

AT HALF PRICE. 

FRED NUSSEY SUMMIT, Spots. Co., Va. 

HAWKSLEY STOCK FARM. 

Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES 
B. P. ROCKS FOWLS, 

Eggs from same, $1 per 13. 
J. T. OLIVER, Allen's Level, Va. 

FOR SilLE. 

Large English Berkshire Hogs, 

Barred Plymou'h Rock Chickens 

BEN. BOLT, 60747, 430 lbs. as a yearling at 
head of herd. (trEGGS IN SEASON. 
JOHN P. FOSTER. Nocreek, Ohio Co., Ky. 

CHOICE YOUNG 

BERKSHIRES 

of Both Sexes, for Sale. 

By Hlghclere Topper of Blltmore II, out of 
Imported Harlene. 

Miniborya Farm, Box 901, Richmond, Va. 

ESSEX PIGS— FOR SALE. 

Some fine Pigs, from 
Registered Stoci , not 
mated, at S10.00 per pair, 
crated F. 0. B. 8 to 10 
weeks old. Your orders 
solicited. 

L. G. JONES, Bethania, N. C. 

P. Chinas 

Berkshire, 
C. Whites. Fine large 
strains. All ages, mated 
not a in, 8 week, pigs. 
Bred sows. Service boars 
and Poultry. Write for prices and free circular. 
P. F. HAMILTON, Cochranville, Chester Co., Pa. 

Don't Like Cheap Stuff No How 

Even the best is never too good. You'd 
better buy of Owens. Finest Stock. Prices 
right. DUROC JERSEY, best all purpose 
hog; also POLAND CHINA. B. P. R. Chick- 
ens, M. B. Turkeys, M. P. Ducks. Eggs In 
season. Write, or better still, call and see. 
THE CEDARS W/1. G. OWENS, 

P. and S. FAR/1. Midlothian, Va. 



WANTED— Pair Pure Bred PERCHERON 
and CLYDESDALE Brood Mares; DUROC 
Boar and Sows; one SHROPSHIRE, SOUTH- 
DOWN and LINCOLN Ram and five Ewes. 
Address STOCK, care Southern Planter, with 
prices and particulars. 




fl, >!■ ,.| |II I IW'«1 " W A 



Registered 




SOME AMUSING LETTERS. 

Platte City, Mo., Jan. 25, 1903. 
Gentlemen, — The wheels I got of 
you carried an old Spanish cannon 
from Tracey to Platte City over a turn- 
pike road with rocks sticking above 
the surface four inches. The cannon 
weighed 14,000 pounds, and people ex- 
pected to see the wheels break down, 
but they didn't. I broke two axles 
and pulled the tongue out once, but 
the wheels did not break, and if in 
1,000 years from now any one visits 
Platte City the old cannon will still 
be standing and people will tell about 
the little sprindling wheels that car- 
ried it there. Yours truly, 

J. C. H. 



Evansville, Ind., April 21, 1903. 
Gentlemen, — Some time ago I 
bought a set of metal wheels of you, 
and like them very much. I have 
trouble keeping my wagon at home, as 
my neighbors have bothered the life 
out of me ever since I got it. I would 
not do without it, and never use my 
high wagon at all, except when my 
neighbors have my little wagon. As 
ever, I remain, Yours respectfully, 

C. H. 



Dover, N. H., April 6, 1902. 

Dear Sirs, — From your catalogue I 
believe you sent me stronger wheels 
than I ordered. You must have 
thought I was looking for a bargain, 
and I certainly got one, as they are as 
good to-day as when they left the shop 
and run one-third easier on smooth, 
hard road, and two-thirds easier on a 
soft or sandy road. We would have 
better roads with less expense, could 
draw the same load easier, have fewer 
balky horses, and our chances of 
reaching heaven would be increased 
25 per cent, if we all used wide tired 
metal wheels. 

Thanking you for the new catalogue 
and booklet, I am, 

Very truly yours, 

C. E. H. 

The original of these letters can be 
seen at the office of the Electric 
Wheel Co.. Quincy, 111., to whose 




wheels and wagons they refer. Send 
for their free catalogue and know 
more about their wheels and wagons. 



A BUSTED BRONCO. 
To the Gazette: 

Bronco busting on the range is al- 
ways an interesting topic to the boys 
who are raised upon the farms of the 
great Central West, and who often 
mount unbroken colts for the first 
time while they are running in the 
pasture, frequently without having 
' saddle or bridle on them. After wit- 



Warranted 

to give satisfaction. 




GOMBAULT'S 

CAUSTIC BALSAM 

A safe, speedy and 
positive cure for 

Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Capped Hock, 
Strained Tendons, Pounder, wind Puffs, 
and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone 
and other bony tumors. Cures all skin 
diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtheria. 
Removes all Bunches from Horses or 
Cattle. 

As a HUMAN REMEDY for Rheu- 
matism, Sprains, Sore Throat, etc., it 

is invaluable. 

Every bottle of Caustic Balaam sold Is 
Warranted to give satisfaction. Price 9&1.50 
per bottle. Sold by druggists, or sent by ex- 
press, charges paid, with full directions for its 
use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo- 
nials, etc. Address 
TEG LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS COMPANY, Cleveland, Ohio. 



DEATH TO HEAVES 




NEWTON'S Heave, Conch, DU. 

temper and Indigestion Care. 

A veterinary specific for wind, 

„,..!, throat and stomach troubles. 

is' 1 * Strong recommend*. $1.00 per 

can. Dealers. Mail or Ex. paid. 

Nerrfcon Horse Remedy Co., 

Toledo, Ohio. 



Shropshire Rams. 

In this my annual offering of Rams, I feel 
safe in saying that it contains one of the best 
lot of yearling Rams that has been offered at 
the price in the United States for a long time. 
These Rams are 14 months old, and weigh 
(May 15th) 150 to 163 pounds, actual weight. 
They have individual merit backed by strong 
breeding. Careful selection will be made for 
parties at a distance. 

ENGLISH SETTER PUPS. 

(Count Rodo, ex-Gladys R., both prize win- 
ners.) 

WARREN RICE, Winchester, Va. 



WOODLAND DOR8ETS. 



/""VNE of our customers writes: "My sales of 
*— ' grade Dorset winter lambs run (this year: 
first 87 head brought $870; then prices de- 
clined somewhat. I am looking for another 
good Dorset ram." Woodland Dorsets are 
standard in excellence. 

J. E. WING & BROS., Mechanicsburg, Ohio. 



150 JACKS, JENNETS 

JL and Mules 150 

^^^^fc-^^^pjj^ Best assortment I ever owned. 

^K3?y B Can suit you exactly. Write 

^^^^^^H lor description and prices. 

H W Also « ill sell two Percheron 

<^SO'ks«B Sa »aC_J Stallions al close 

BAKER'S JACK FARM. Lawrence. Ind. 

Mention the Southern Planter iu 
writing. 



470 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



B ERKSHIRE ^ 

ANNEFIELD HERD 

Represents the 

Finest Blood Lines 

in England or America. 



Stock for sale at all times. 



Correspondence Solicited. 

Inspection Invited. 



EDW. G. BUTLER, Annefield Farms, 

Briggs, Clarke Co., Va. 



Poland=China and 
Tamworth Pigs for Sale — 

eligible to registration ; also 

Hampshire Down Sheep 

and grade Hereford cattle, % or % 
bred. Calves, yearlings and 2 yr. old. 
J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Orange Co., va, 

"Meadow Beook Stock Fahm." 

Shropshire Sheep. 

Very fine yearling bucks, sired by best 
English bucks, from pure-bred native 
ewes. Fine ewe lambs for sale. 
C. A,SAUNDERS, Culpeper, Va. 



SHORTHORN EJfcE™ 

FOR SALE. 

Close descendantsof the World's Fair greatest 
winners in 1893, and also up to the present time. 
Special Offer:— A 1-year old Roan Bull Calf at 
$75 If taken soon. 

Poland-China Figs of the best and most fash- 
ionable breeding. Spring Pigs now ready. 
Pedigree furnished with all stock sold. Come 
or write. 

WM, T. THRASHER, Springwood, Va. 

2 Nice Red 

SHORTHORN BULL CALVES 

for sale, ages 2 mos. and 6 wks. 

Sire, Reg and Scotch topped ; Dams 
high grade shorthorns, dairy strain. 

Prices cheap, quality considered. 
REPASS BROS., Maplewood Farm, Wytheville, Va 

•^2 SHORTHORN^* 

BULL CALVES FOR SALE. 

Calved May 1st and 8th 
Grandparents Registered. 

THOS, B. DAVIS, Stanardsville, Greene Co., Va. 

Aryshires, Berkshires and Oxford-Downs. 

Ayrshire Calves of both sexes, Berkshire 
Pigs and Boar and 2 Oxford- Down Rams for 
s.Je. MELROSE CASTLE FARM. 

Enos H. Hess, Manager, Casanova, Va. 



nessing a genuine bronco busting I 
can truthfully say that although 
"busted" may be rather an inelegant 
phrase it much more comprehensively 
and correctly expresses the condition 
of the bronco, or horse, after he has 
survived the course of treatment com- 
monly known as "busting," than does 
"trained" or "broken." To give the 
impression that it is the only method 
employed, that there are no carefully- 
trained horses, would be a great in- 
justice to the very many excellent 
horsemen of the West who love their 
horses and whose horses love them. 

One bright Sabbath morning last 
summer I saw a group of horsemen ap- 
proaching at a gallop — half a dozen 
wild, happy, young fellows from 18 
to 20 years of age, who, in response 
to a greeting and a query, shouted 
back: "We're going to have some fun; 
we're going to bust a bronco." Having 
nothing else to do just then (there 
was no church within twenty miles) 
I decided to watch the sport. The vic- 
tim selected was an under-sized 3-year- 
old, tough and wiry, and the blood of 
the cayuse ran strong within his veins. 
A few minutes' hard riding separated 
him from the band. Then how hard 
he tried to regain it, dodging, turning, 
running until the sweat streamed from 
every pore, of his body and his breath 
came quick and hard! Suddenly a 
lasso whirled through the air, the loop 
encircled the bronco's neck, the throw- 
er drew in his horse, but the bronco 
did not know what was coming. When 
the rope tightened with a jerk the 
bronco was thrown sprawling on the 
ground. Quickly he jumped to his 
feet and stood tugging at the rope that 
tightened around his neck, shutting 
off his wind until another rope was 
thrown around his fore legs and he 
was again thrown upon the ground. 
Next a heavy cowboy saddle was put 
upon his back. Poor bronco groaned 
as a pair of muscular arms drew the 
cinch up tight around his body. After 
vainly striving to throw the saddle 
from his back and to crawl through 
the girth the bronco stopped to rest a 
moment. 

One of the boys was a newcomer, a 
lank, ungainly .youth of 18. It now 
became apparent that the sport was 
to be something of a boy-busting as 
well as bronco-busting. After much 
persuasion, taunts and the exaction of 
a solemn promise from the other boys 
to keep hold of the rope so bronco 
could not run away, he consented to 
mount. He settled himself nicely in 
the saddle, the bronco being too sur- 
prised to move, when Jim quickly ran 
behind bronco, catching him across 
the thighs with an unward jerk of the 
rope. The bronco jumped stranght up 
in the air; he went so high he had time 
to arch his back like a rainbow, tuck 
his tail between his hocks, his nose 
between his knees and set every 
muscle in his legs firm and rigid be- 
fore coming back to earth again. When 
his hoofs struck the ground a look of 
mingled pain and terror came over the 



Kentucky 
HEREFORDS 

Headed by the famous 

ACROBAT 

No. 68460 and the celebrated 

IHPORTED BRITISHER 

No. 145096 Champion Bull over all breeds In 
England and Grand Sweepstakes Champion 
at Chicago 1902 Live Stock Exposition. 

We can furnish buyers with anything they 
wish from the FANCIEST THAT CAN BE 
BRED to the cheaper class usually desired by 
the beginner. Write us before buying. Glad 
to answer Inquiries. 

Giltner Bros., Eminence, Ky. 



Hereford Gattle. 

A number of young Registered 
HEREFORD Bulls and Heifers, 
not akin, at reasonable prices. 

STONEHURST FRUIT AND STOCK FARM, 
Union Mills, Fluvanna Co., Va 



FOR SALE 
8 Reg. HEREFORD BULLS 

From 6 mos. to 3 yrs. old. 

8 Reg. HEIFERS 

From 6 to IS mos. old. At reasonable prices. 
HAYFIELDS STOCK FARM, Cockeysville, Md. 



D0RSETS and HEREFORDS. 



I am now offering my superior herd bull 
ROY MAY, 80183; and some fine male calves. I 
am also booking orders for Dorset rams and 
ram lambs. 

H. ARMSTRONG, LAMTZ MILLS, VA. 



ELLERSLIE FARM **- 
Thoroughbred Horses 

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE, 

Pure Southdown Sheep 
and Berkshire Pigs. 

Fo« Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON, 
Charlottesville, Va. 



COOK'SCREEK HERD 

Scotch-Topped 
Shorthorns^* 

Herd Headed by Governor Tyler, 1585 48. 
Young Bulls for sale. Inspection and corres- 
pondence Invited. 
HEATWOLE & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va. 




registered JERSEY BULLS F0R SALE 

AT A BARGAIN. 

Calves 1 and 2 yr. olds; also 
EGGS FOR HATCHINC, W. & B. P. Rocks, 
VV. & B. Leghorns, and S. L. Wyan- 
dottes, 75 cents for 15. 

J. B. JOHNSON, Manassas, Va. 
"Clover Hill Farm." 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



471 



ANGUS CATTLE FOR SALE 

AT A BARGAIN. 




High-Grade and Registered Angus 
Cattle: all ages of males and females. 
Get our prices before you purchase. 
We can save you money. 

One Very Fine Dark-Gray Horse, 16 
hands, weighs 1,125. He is very 
stylish, quick and active. A splendid 
driver, well broken in single and 
double harness and a fast mover. He 
is cheap at our price, $200.00. 

W. M, WATKINS & SONS, 
Randolph, Va. 

Charlotte county. 

c ABERDEEN-ANGUS BULLS FOR SALE. 

1. My Herd Bull, ROCKBRIDGE ABAC- 
TOR, No. 40364, 3 yrs. old Dec. 2d last; $400. 

2. A Bull Calf, born Dec. 20th; sired by the 
above "Abactor"; dam, "Pride of Potomac"; 
No. 42607; $100. 

3. A Bull Calf, born Dec. 12th; sired by 
the above "Abactor"; dam, a thoroughbred 
Angus Cow bred by the late William A. Ruff. 
Pure breeding can be shown for this calf, 
but being out of an unrecorded dam he can- 
not be registered; $50. 

None of these will be sold until October, 
and should the calves at that tife not prove 
to be good specimens of the breed they will 
be withdrawn from sale. 

B. P. DAY, Glasgow, Va. 



MONTEBELLO HERD OF 

Aberdeen-Angus Cattle. 

3 Reg. Bull Calves for sale. Ages, 10, 6 and 5 
months; 

1 Thoroughbred (not entitled to registration), 
male, 2 months old. 

BERKSHIRE PIGS of Biltmore Strain. 

L. H. GRAY, LOCK BOX 58, ORANGE, VA. 

FOR SALE. 

My ABERDEEN-ANGUS Herd Bull, 

Hero of Bunker Hill, No. 31,462. 
He is an extra good breeder. 

J. TABB JANNEY, Van Clevesville, W. Va. 
"Pine Park Stock Farm." 

Aberdeen Angus 

Cattle for sale. 
J. H. ELLIS, Thornhill, Orange Co., Va. 

Shadow Brook Poultry Farm. 

Extra fine pedigreed Scotch Collie Pups S5.00 
each. A trained vearling female 310.00. Thor- 
oughbred B. P. Rock eggs 81.00 per 30. Yearling 
hens 81.00 each. Pekin ducks 81.00 each. M. B. 
turkeys, one year old, 85.00 pair. 

C. H. BENNETT, 

Goodman, Va. 



countenance of his rider, who bounded 
from the saddle and a moment later 
stood at a safe distance pale and trem- 
bling, looking with surprise and fear 
at the bronco, by no means enjoying 
the shouts of laughter from his com- 
panions. 

A more experienced rider next 
mounted; if the bronco bucked the 
quirt lashed his sides; if he tried to 
run the heavy curb bit brought him 
to his haunches; if he stood still he 
cruel spur was dug into his flank. 
Thus one by one the boys tried their 
skill at the busting until the bronco 
was completely exhausted and looked 
as though he wanted to die. As a last 
resort an old, battered tin pail was 
tied to his tail. He spent a few mo- 
ments in a fruitless endeavor to kick 
it off and then collapsed entirely. 
Nothing could make him budge an 
inch or lift a foot. He was pronounced 
"too tame" by the boys, who pulled off 
the bridle, mounted their horses and 
disappeared in a cloud of dust. Two 
days later I saw the bronco sneak out 
of a clump of scrub pine and grease- 
wood. There was a look of sadness in 
his eye. His ears drooped and his tail 
hung limp as with suspicious glances 
and halting steps he dragged his stiff- 
ened' legs across the range to join the 
band — a busted bronco. 

Breeders' Gazette. Hayseed, Jr. 



WAS HE THE LAST? 

President Tucker, of Dartmouth Col- 
lege, is made the victim of one of the 
best jokes of the season by a story told 
by one of his closest friends, now in 
the city. A couple of summers ago 
the college president spent a part of 
the heated season on a farm up in the 
northern part of Vermont. It was a 
delightful place, but the classical visi- 
tor found that even that haven of rest 
had some drawbacks. As the follow- 
ing summer approached Dr. Tucker 
again bethought himself of the quiet 
farm as a place of summer refuge, and 
wrote to the farmer: Your place is a 
well-spring of delight; it is pictures- 
que,, comfortable, home-like. The 
house is well kept, the table worthy 
of the highest commendation, and, in 
short, everything save two features 
is conducive to utmost satisfaction. 
These exceptions are the kitchen me- 
thods of your hired girl; and second, 
the fact that the pen in which you 
maintain your swine is located in too 
close proximity to the house. If these 
exceptions were eliminated it would 
be a source of the most profound plea- 
sure for me to again join you this 
coining summer." 

The farmer received the note, and 
anxious to again have the distin- 
guished boarder with him, wrote: 

"Dear Mr. Tucker, — Yours rec'd, and 
I hasten to reply. We will be glad to 
have you with us. Hannah has went, 
and there have not been any Hogs on 
the place since you left last sum- 
mer." — New York Tribune. 



V.P.I. 

Farm Bulletin 

Our Jersey Herd Bull for sale— PEDRO'S 
VIRGINIUS, 45919, grandson of Pedro, 3187, 
and of Marjoram Second, 12805, both of 
World's Pair fame. The Bull offered has 
been used in our herd for several years, and 
is sold to prevent in-breeding. Price low, 
quality considered. 

D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr. 
Blacksburg, Va. 

Red Polled Cattle 

FOR SALE. 

ALL PURE BRED & REGISTERED. 
1 Bull, 3 years old. Large and well 

formed. Price, $125.00. 
1 Cow, 4 years old. In calf by above 

bull. Price, $125.00. 
1 Heifer, 2 years old. In calf by above 

bull. Price, $15.00. 
1 Bull calf sired by above bull, four 

months old. Price, $50.00. 
The above cattle are all in fine, 
healthy condition, and are sure breed- 
ers. ' 

H. K. FOSTER, Blacksburg, Va. 



Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm 

Has for sale a large num- 
ber of nice young regis- 
tered A. J. C. C. 

JERSEY BULLS 
AND HEIFERS. 

None better bred In the South. Combining 
closely the most noted and up-to-date blood 
in America. Bulls 10 to 12 months old, $25; 
Heifers, same age, $35. POLAND CHINA 
PIGS, $5 each. Send check and get what 
you want. 

T. P. BRASWELL, Prop.- Battleboro, N. C. 



"S3 



ST. OMER HERD 

Offers young bulls fit for service, out of 
tested dams with good yearly records. Strong 
in Exile of St. L., King of St. L. and Stoke 
Pogis of Prospect. Reasonable prices. 

JOS. T. HOOPES, Bynum, Md. 



FOR SALE. 

2 JERSEY COWS ; 1 SHARPLES SEPARATOR 
10 cans and jackets for same, 1 ICE BOX. 

Am changing my business, so will sell the 
above at very reasonable price, address 

C. n. BASS, Rice Depot, Va. 



COLLIE PUPS 



By Imported Sires. Sable and white and tri - 
colors. Prices. 88 to $15. Older ones correspond- 
ingly low- Book on Training. 50 cents: Free if 
you buy a Collie. MAPLEMONT STOCK FARM, 
Albany, Vermont. 



ANGORA GOATS. 

57 head pure, grade and common goats 
for sale. 

C. H. NOLTING, 

P. 0. Box 322, . RICHMOND, VA. 



472 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



'July 



GETTING A CONSTANT WATER 
SUPPLY. 

Of the many plans in use for the 
raising of water there is nothing that 
takes precedence of the power of the 
natural stream, when proper machin 
ery is installed to apply it. And jus 
here it is proper to remark that ou> 
advertising columns are showing in 
the Rife Hydraulic Engine, a machine 
most excellently adapted to this pur 
pose. Its varying sizes meet the re- 
quirements of a large or limited ser 
vice, and the power required is so 
small in proportion to the duty it per- 
forms that there are but few country 
places with running streams where it 
will not give most satisfactory service. 
An idea of the machine may be gather- 
ed from the cut shown here. It is 
not only effective, but simple in the 
extreme and very durable. A beauty 
about all such powers, and particu- 
larly the Rife Engine, is that when 
once installed there is practically no 
expense for many years to come in 
the running. Many Rife Engines have 
been in constant operation for up- 
wards of ten years without a dollars' 




worth of repairs. In the vicinity of 
New York, where they are best known, 
they are a familiar sight, seeming to 
have been adopted with one accord as 
the improved plan of raising water 
for all purposes at the country seats. 
About a dozen years ago, one of these 
engines was installed on the famous 
Biltmore estate at Asheville, N. C, and 
it proved so effectual that to-day there 
are now fourteen Rifes employed, fur- 
nishing water for all the various pur- 
poses for which they have use. Very 
recently an irrigating plant has been 
established in the Hawaiian Islands, 
near Honolulu, with a Rife Engine for 
its base, and furnishing 3,000 gallons 
per minute. These are but sugges- 
tions of its popularity and scope of 
duty. To the small country user it 
suggests easy possibilities in the way 
of an economical and constant fresh 
water supply. Whoever is wrestling 
with a water problem should write to 
the Rife Engine Co., 126 Liberty 
street, New York, for their catalogue, 
and get further information. 



Curts Seours 
In Calves. 



ARMOURS BLOOD MEAL 

First proved by the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, and since 

corroborated by thousands of leading stockmen who have used it without 

ft single failure. Equally effective for the diarrhea of all animals. 

PREVENTS weak bones, paralysis of the bind legs and "thumps" 

in pigs; "big bead" of foals; "rickets" of all young animals; 

abortion due to incomplete nutrition, and a host of other troubles. 

A Potent Food for Work Horses, Dairy Cows, Poultry. 

Write us for booklet giving valuable information about Blood Meal and our 
other feeding products. Consult us free of charge regarding stock diseases. 

THE ARMOUR FERTILIZER WORKS, 

Chloago. Omaha. Baltimore* Atlanta. Jacksonville. 



( < 



ELLERSLIE. 



> > 



SHORTHORNS 
SOUTHDOWNS 



Red Bulls from 3 to 6 mos. old, all by- 
Fairfax (very handsome red bull) by 
Knight of The Clifton; out of registered 
cows which have been selected for milk- 
ing as well as beef purposes. 
1 and 2 yr. old rams by Warwick, im- 
ported from the Sandringham flock of 
KING EDWARD VII, out of ewes from 
the celebrated DRUID HILL PARK 
(Baltimore flock ) These are unregister- 



ed but are first class in every respecj. 

REMEMBER. — We do not ask fancy, but farmers' 1 prices. 

Our stock is not in show ring but working condition. 

R. J. Hancock & Son, Charlottesville, va. 



HILL TOP STOCK FARM. 

Berkshire Hogs and South- 
Down Sheep 

A SPECIALTY. 
S. Brown Allen, who succeeds H. A. S. 
Hamilton & Co in the ownership and man- 
agement of this celebrated Stock Farm, offers a few Berkshire 
been bred without regard to cost, and one and two year old 

SOUTHDOWN BUCKS, 

that cannot be excelled in this country. We have swept premiums on this stock 
over all competitors at Fairs in this and adjoining States 

S. BROWN ALLEN, Staunton, Virginia, (Successor to H. A. S Hamilton & Co.) 




that have 




BERKS HI RES. 



What is the difference between a 

clock and a partnership? When a 

clock is wound up it goes; when a 
firm is wound up it stops. 



Imported Sir John Bull, No. 3609— B. H. B. 
Imported Dansfield Roland, No. 60528— B. H. B. 
Imported Columbia, No. 60527— B. H. B. 
Imported Royal Carlisle, No. 4841— B. H. B. 
And that Immensely Princely Hog 
Uncle Sam, No. 7233 are the sires of my Spring and Summer offerings of 
pigs. Does this list of Royalty suit your fancy? They represent the most famous 
Berkshire breeders of England. Fancy stock, moderate price 

Hunting Dogs aT)( l P U P S for sale - ? ett er P U P S > $ 5 -0° each - 
Short Horn (Durham Cattle) for sale. Write for particulars. 

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, Lexington, Va. 



When corresponding with cur advertisers always mention the 
Southern Planter. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



473 



HOW THE DEBT WAS PAID. 

This anecdote was told By the late 
Zebulon B. Vance, at one time Gov- 
ernor of North Carolina, and after- 
wards United States Senator. 

He was seated in his office one day 
when an old negro, one of his "char- 
ity" clients, came in. Taking off his 
hat, the old man scraped his feet, and, 
bowing very obsequiously, said: 

"Good mornin'. Marse Zeb; how is 
you an' de Mistis dis mornin'?" 

"Quite well, thank you, Romulus. 
How are you this morning?" 

"So's to be about, thank de Lord, 
but I still got a little misery." 

"Well. Romulus, you are always 
complaining, but what can I do for 
you this morning?' 

"Dat's jest what I come to see you 
'about, sah. You know dat triflin, nig- 
ger Jim Simpson, doan you?" 

"Oh, yes; certainly I know Jim, but 
what's he done to you?" 

"Dat's jest hit, Marse Zeb; dat's jest 
hit: he ain't done nothin', dat's de 
trouble; dat nigger been owin' me ten 
■dollars for nigh onto five or six years, 
an' he ain't never pay me nair cent, 
not nair cent, sah." 

"Well, have you ever asked him for 
it, Romulus?" 

"Ax him for it? Cose Ise axed him 
for it. and dat's how I come to come 
to you." 

"Well, when was the last time you 
asked him for it?" 

"Yistiddy, sah; jest as de sun was 
goin* down." 

"Well, you say he didn't pay you?" 

"No, sah; 'deed he didn't, an' dat's 
jest 'zactly how come I come to see 
you." 

"Well, as he didn't pay you, what 
did he say; what excuse did he give?" 

"Marse Zeb, dat no 'count triflin* 
nigger say he done been owin' me dat 
money so long, sah, dat de intrust 
-done eat it all up, an' he didn't owe 
me nair cent, sah, not nair cent.' 



STUBEKShffi 



A name that stands for 
character in vehicles — that 
guarantees you the worth of your 
money. You don't buy often. You want service./ 
Then don't take chances. The character in 
Studebaker 

Vehicles and Harness 

starts in the raw material— that's the best obtainable and there's 
everything in the selection and the curing. The honesty continuesl 
all through the making and finishing. Results, longest life, fitness| 

and greatest service. You Always Find the Essentials 

in Studebakers. There's no slighting, no deception, no variance 
from high quality. That's why multiplied thous- 
ands pin their faith to them. Are you of the num- 
ber? Local dealers most everywhere. Catalogue 
and particulars direct if requested. 

STUDEBAKER. BROS. MFG. CO., 
South Bend. Ind. 

iChicago, New York, San Francisco, 
\ Kansas City, Portland, Ore., Denver, 
]Salt Lake City, Dallas, Texas. 




JERSEY CATTLE. 

We have for sale, Young: Cows, Heifers and Young Bulls, 
from cows testing 18 to 24 lbs. of butter in seven days, and giving 
40 to 60 lbs. of milk per day. Also — 






LARGE {YORKSHIRE PIGS, 

Our stock is from the most noted breeders in 



The coming bacon breed 
England and Canada. 

Write for prices. Address — 



BOWMONT FARMS, 



SALEM, 
VIRGINIA. 



It was a busy thoroughfare in Edin- 
burgh, and as the old lady was ex- 
hausted with the stir and bustle, she 
hailed a passing cab. The driver was 
at her side in a moment. Opening the 
door, he stood back to allow the lady 
to. enter. 

She made one or two weak efforts, 
but was unable to mount the step, and, 
at last, looking imploringly at the 
driver, she said: 

"Help me in, good man, for I am 
very old." 

The driver gently assisted his fare 
into the cab, and then he gallantly 
said: 

"Well, mem, nse matter what age you 
are, you dinna look it." 

His fare was increased by a shilling 
-when the old lady reached her desti- 
nation. And he deserved it. 



JOHN S. FUNK, 

GLEN FARM, 

— IMPORTER AND BREEDER OF — 

Polled 

Durham 

Cattle, 

Shropshire Sheep, 
Southdown Sheep, 

PoIand=China Hogs. Berkshire Hogs. All carefully bred regardless of cost. 
SINGER'S GLEN, VA. 




rap 


wan 


m 






^K 


mm 


V 








11 


• 


1 | 




*X£2iC2!U."V' 


V-"' 




BBBB 



What is the difference between a 
life of leisure and a life of idleness? 
They are the same thing, only differ- 
ent titles. 



COMBINATION SALE of Thoroughbred StocK. 

July 30th. 1903, Orange, Va., Second Day of Horse Show. 
Shorthorns, Polled Angus, Holsteins, Devons, Jerseys, Guernseys, Hamp- 
shire and Shropshire Downs. Berkshires, Poland Chinas and Tamworths. 

Catalogues July 1st Further entries solicited. 

MACON & CO. Auctioneers, Orange, Va. 



When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the 
Southern Planter. 



474 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[July 



A CROSS-BREED. 

A buxom negro woman who had 
cooked for a number of years in the 
family of a Jewess announced to her 
mistress one morning her intention of 
quitting the job. 

"Why are you going to leave us, 
Mary?" inquired the Hebrew lady. 

"Well, Missus," explained the cook, 
"I's gwintah git mar'ied." 

"That won't make any difference," 
said the lady, "there's room enough in 
my yard for you and your husband; 
you don't have to leave because you're 
going to be married." 

"But," replied the colored woman 
sheepishly, "you don't know who I's 
gwinetah mar'y"; and, without giving 
the Jewess time to ask further ques- 
tions, she said, "I'se gwinetah mar'y 
a Chinee, Missus." 

The employer raised her hands in 
holy horror. "Oh, Mary," she said, 
"have you thought of what you're 
going to do?" 

"Oh, yas, Ma'am," said Mary; "we's 
thought about it — we loves each uddah, 
Missus." 

"I don't mean that," said the Jewess, 
"I'm thinking about your children, 
Mary. Have you thought about what 
they'll be?" 

"Oh, Missus," said Mary, looking up 
in meek submission and intending no 
insult, "I knows dey'll be Jews, but I 
can't he'p it." — Silas Xavier Floyd, In 
June Lippincott's. 



ONE BOTTLE CURED RINGBONE. 

Schilling, W. Va., Jan. 23, 1903. 
The Lawrence-Williams Co., Cleve- 
land, O. : 

I used GOMBAULT'S CAUSTIC 
BALSAM on a mare for ringbone. I 
cured her with one bottle. She is well 
and works all the time. I have order- 
ed several bottles since for my neigh- 
bors. They have used it with good 
results. Two cases > of ringbone I 
know of have been cured. with it. I 
believe it the best linament on the 
market to-day. — H. S. McCulty. 



When does a dog become larger and 
smaller? When let out at night, and 
taken in in the morning. 



Freeman 
Ensilage 
Machinery 



represents the modern idea. Illustra- 
tion shows typical cutter with blower at- 
tachment. 11 sizes, hand cutting to belt 
power, with capacity ranging from 5 to 
24 tons per hour. Traveling force feed 
reduces labor of feeding. Each machine 
easily and quickly fitted with shredder 
attachment. 

Also make Wind Mills, Corn Shelters, Wood 
Saws, etc Write for free catalogues 110. 

S. FREEMAN & SONS MFG. CO., Racine, Wis. 



EMPIRE DRILLS 



ACCURATELY MEASURE 

ALL KINDS OF GRAIN 

WITHOUT CHANGE. 

That is, if you set the Empire 

Feed to sow any amount from 24 

to 128 quarts per acre, it will sow 

exactly that amount of wheat, 

oats or any other small grain 

without further change. A good 

' stand of grain is assured,whenyou 

fT'sow with an Empire Drill. 

Empire Grain Drills do not bunch, 
skip or choke. Made in all styles and sizes. 
Write for Free Catalogues. 

EMPIRE DIVISION 

AMERICAN SEEDING MACHINE COMPANY, 

28 Monroe Street, Springfield, Ohio. 



DUNTREATH BERKSHIRES 



"BRED=IN=THE=PURPLE." 

EXTRA CHOICE Young Pigs for sale, all eligible to 
registry, and now ready for shipment. Orders also taken now 
for late Summer and Fall shipments. 

DUNTREATH STOCK FARM, 

Box 666. RICHMOND, VA. 

Reference: American National Bank of Richmond. 



8 Cismont dorsetS 

X ============= 

X 

V CISMONT STOCK FARM offers well developed young 

«v-> Dorsets of the best blood of England and America. 



X Prices Reasonable. 



i6. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Ya. 




For Sfilfi -A. J. C. C. BULL CALVES 



Good individuals; well grown 
and from heavy milking cows. 

Write 



FOREST HOME FARM, 



'So. r R. R. 



PURCELLVILLE,VA. 



1003.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



475 




SPLENDID m CALVES M PIGS 

"INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD" and SKIM MILK. 

Union City, Pa., Jan. 3 f 1903. 

International Stock Food Co., Minneapolis, Minn. 

Dear Sirs:— I have used your "International Stock Food" for 

the last year and am very much pleased with it, because it is all 
you claim. I have fed it to Cows, Calves and Pigs. Last year I 
raised my calves on "International Stock Food" and skim milk and 
not one of them had the scours. Yours truly, MATH. ALLEN, 

ETffe Have Thousands of Similar Te-.llmon.ali aad Will Pay Too $1000 Cash to PrtT« That Thay 
Are Not Genuine and Unsollolted.^^^ 

; Wo own "International Stock food Farm," which is located 12 miles from Minneapolis? 
and contains 650 acres. Wo foed "International Stock Food" every day to all of. ourv 
Woblo Champion Stallions, Das Patch 1:59 Ve a "d Directum 2:05^; to our Young Stallions,, 
Bbood Marks, Colts, Work Horses, Cattlb and Hogs. "INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD"* 
5^-3 FEEDS Fun ONE CENT ^| is Prepared from Roots, Herbs, Seeds, and Barks and<> 
I Won the Highest Medal at Paris Exposition in 1900 as a High-Class vegetable, medicioal/ 
! preparation to be fed to stock in small amounts as an addition to the regular feed. Itc 
m is a Great Aid in Growing or Fattening stock because it increases the appetite and Aids'- 
^ Digestion and Assimilation so that each animal obtains more nutrition from the grain eaten./ 
[ We positively guarantee that its use will make you extra money over the usual Plan of Growings 
> and Fattening stock. ''International Stook Food" can be fed in safety to Horses, Cattle, Sheep, V 
S Goats, Hogs, Colts, Calves, Lambs or Pigs. It is Absolutely Harmless even if taken into the/ 
} Human System, You insist on eating medicinal ingredients with your Own food at every meal. Salt is a stomach tonic and worm medicine, Pepper is a powerful stimulating' 
) tonic. Mustard is a remedy for dyspepsia, Vinegar is a diuretic. You eat these medicinal ingredients almost with every mouthful of your food, and it is proven that these V 

> medicines promote health and strength for people and Improve their digestion. "International Stock Food" contains pure vegetable medicinal ingredients that are just as safe/ 
«J and as necessary an addition to the regular feed of your stock if yon desire to keep them in the best possible condition. "International Stock Food** is endorsed by EveryC 
k High-Class Farm Paper. It purines the blood, stimulates and permanently strengthens the entire system so that disease is prevented or cured. "International Stock Food** Uv 
) sold on a "Spot Cash Guarantee" by Fifty Thousand Dealers throughout the World. Q&~ Your Money will be Promptly Refunded in Any case of failure. It will make your Calves/ 
t or Pigs grow Amazingly and has the largest sale in the World for keeping them healthy. «3~ Beware of the many Cheap and Inferior Imitations I So Chemist ean separate all tkeC 

> Different powdered Roots, Herbs, Barks and Seeds that we use. Any One claiming to do so Must be an Ignoramus or a Fa Utter. 



WHAT PEOPLE SAY ABOUT THI 



BOOK. 



International Stock Food Co., 



Dear Sirs: — I received your 
was more than pleased with it. 
me. Very truly yours. 



Eau Claire, Wis, 
"International Stock Book" and 
It is worth more than $10.00 to 
RICHARD J. MORRISSEY, 



d ■ an 
oBa. 



International Stock Food Co., Odessa, Mo. 

Dear Sirs: — Your "International Stock Book" duly received, 
and it is the best thing of its class that I have ever seen. There is 
volume of useful articles in it from start to finish. 

Respectfully. GEO. W. HTJIA. 



A $3000.00 STOCK BOOK FREE 



IT CONTAINS 183 LARGE ENGRAVINGS OF HORSES, OATTLE, SHEEP, POULTRY, ETC. 

Tke Cover of thi t Book is a Beautiful Live Stock Picture WPrlnted In 8lx Brilliant Colon. Size of the book !■ 6J$ by 9)5 inches. It eost as SSOflO to have our Artists and Engraven 
make these Engraringi. It describes common Diseases, and tells how to treat them. It also gives Description, History and Illustrations of the Different Breeds of Horses, Cattle, 
Sheep, Goats, Hogs and Poultry. It contains Life Engravings of many very noted Animals, and also testimonials. The Editor Of This Paper Will Tell Too That You Ought to H»T« 
This Stock Book In Tour Library For Reference. «3-It Contains a Finely Illustrated Veterinary Department That Will Save Vou Hundreds of Dollars. 

WE WILL MAIL IT TO YOU ABSOLUTELY FREE. «>Postage Prepaid. 

We 'Will Pay You $10.00 Cash if book Is not as described. Write u at one*, letter or postal card, and aisweb these a quiSTIOIB: 

1st.— Name This Paper. 3d.— How Mnch Stook Have Yonf 



We Employ Over 300 People and have 
Hundreds of Thousands of Testimonials. 
Refer to Any Bank in Minneapolis. 



INTERNATIONAL STOCK POOD CO., Minneapolis. Minn 



.U.S.A. j 



Largest Stock Food Factory in the Weill. 

Capital Paid in, 11,000,000. 
600,000 Feetof Space in Our Now Factory. 



When President Edwin T. Alderman, 
of Tulane University, was called upon 
at a dinner he made a speech that sug- 
gested the oratory of the late Henry 
W. Grady, and its effect on the audi- 
ence was electrical. By way of intro- 
duction he told of an old colored man 
named Pompey down in Louisiana who 
was stopped on the road hy a white 
man with the question: 
"Say, Pomp, where you going?" 
"Ain'e gwine nowhere," said Pom- 
pey, promptly. "I'se heen where I'se 
gwine, I has." — New York Sun. 



A professor in a western college had 
been annoyed by the tardy entrance of 
a student into the lecture room, and 
pointedly stopped talking until the 
man took his seat. After class the 
student went to the desk and apolo- 
gized. 

"My watch was fifteen minutes out 
of the way, sir. It's bothered me a 
good deal lately, but after this I shall 
put no more faith in it." 

"It's not faith you want in it," re- 
plied the professor, "it's work." — The 



Reg. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN 

CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje 

and Artis families. Heavy milkers aud rich in butter 

fat. Stock of all ages for sale. 

Reg, BERKSHIRES 



From noted strains, Imported Headlight, Lord 
^Highclere and Sunrise. 



DORSET SHEER 



B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS, 



N. & W. and Southern R. R. 



T. O. SANDY, Burkevllle, Va. 



We positively guarantee to breed 
and ship the VERY BEST strains of 
thoroughbred registered LARGE 
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE 

Hogs for LESS MONEY than any other 
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our 
stock considered. Send us your order 
and we will satisfy you both in price 
and Stock. WALTER B. FLEMING, 

Proprietor of the Bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warrenton, N. C. 




476 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



THREE OE 1 A KIND. 

While we were visiting at a small 
village in one of the Carolinas we 
went one afternoon to see one of the 
old negro mammies in her own log 
cabin. She was highly honored at the 
condescension of "de ladies," and was 
much concerned that the call might 
not be disturbed by the presence of 
her children — "fo'teen pickaninnies," 
she called them. Of course, curiosity 
was too strong for the youngsters, and 
soon the one door was blocked with 
curly heads and wide-open eyes. When 
Mammy perceived them, she just turn- 
ed around and, gathering up her skirts 
as one does in front of a flock of tres- 
passing chickens, cried out "Shoo!" 
and the cough drops disappeared. 

But towards the end of our visit 
Mammy needed the services of a helper 
to put out the jelly and cake that she 
insisted we eat. Stepping to the door, 
she called: 

"Mariana!" 

Soon three girls in single-piece cov- 
erings came bashfully, but curiously, 
through the door, and all were given 
orders by the bustling mother. 

"But," said one of the callers in a 
half-jesting way, "are all three named 
Mariana, Mammy?" 

"Yes," the old woman explained, "all 
three. You see, when de lil' gi'ls 
came, 'fo I got 'round 'gain, de folks 
jest call 'em all Mariana, an's no good 
changin'. An', anyhow, when I wants 
a pickaninny, I jes' calls 'Mariana,' an' 
one's sho' to come." — June Lippincott's 
Magazine. 

ALL-ROUND CURES. 

ii 'Xwere a new Governor of New- 
foundland, and he were shocking care- 
ful of the sealers' health," began the 
old sealing captain, his deep-set eyes 
twinkling. 

"The night afore the North Star left 
Sen John's for the ice he came aboard 
t' inquire what for medicine-chist we 
had. 

" 'You ought to have a ship's doctor 
aboard her with two hundred men 
shipped,' says he. 'Who gives out the 
medicine?' 

" 'The cook, o' course,' I answers. 
'But I'm sarten o' one thing, Governor,' 
1 says, 'there's nothin' there that's 
pizen.' 

" 'How do you know?' he asks pretty 
sharp. 

" 'Well.' I answers, 'a man comes 
runnin' to the cook and he says, "My 
chum's sick, and I want some medicine 
for he." The cook uaver asks no ques- 
tions as to what's ailin'. He grabs up 
the first bottle he gits his 'and on and 
pours out some in a cup. If it don't 
do the man's chum no good, he comes 
back and the cook pours something 
out of another bottle, and so on till he 
strikes something that 'elps him. 
That's why I know there's nothin' 
pizen in that chist, or the cook would 
'ave killed 'arf of 'em twenty v'yges 
ago." — Suzette, in June Lippincott's. 



leillllllf HEREFORD C01TLE. 

Service Bulls ; Imported Salisbury 76059 (19083). Lars Jr. 85297. 

FOR SALE — A choice lot of bull calves andiyearling bulls. The bull calves sold recently 
weighed 600 lbs. at 6 mos old. Call and make your own selection Prices right. 

MURRAY BOOCOCK, Owners, Keswick, Va. 



" "EREFORD ^J Champion Prince Rupert No. 79,539 g 



H 



at He 



>f K< 



A Few High Class Bulls and Calves For Sale. 

w^e me EDWARD G. BUTLER. Send,or 



before buying 
elsewhere. 



illustration of 
Prince Rupert. 



BRIGGS, - VIRGINIA. 



i I "■ ,"■ 1 



H 



s a a a a ccBn n 1 1 h \ 1 1 1 1 1 m u ii aca 



Bacon Hall Farm. 

Hereford registered Cattle 

"TOP" BREEDING, CALVES NOT AKIN. 
MOTTO— Satisfaction or no sale. 



E. M. QILLET & SON, 



Glencoe, flaryland. 



* mm i'Ti si b 7^t7t7% Tr em '' m ^* ! ' f i ? /. ?' * w * v *" 



TiiTi TSi i l\ lilh 



2 




Calves, entitled to registration, S75 to 8100 Grade Calves by " Sir Ed- 
Buck Lambs, July delivery, 
Pigs, two or three months old, 87 50. Pigs, 



HEREFORD CATTLE 
ward" 825 to 840. 

SHROPSHIRE sheep.— Buobs, one year old and over, 815 to $20 
$10 to 812 Ewe Lambs, July delivery, 88 and 810. 



85. 



poland-china HOGS.— Pigs, six weeks old 

five months and over, $15 to $20. 
M. BRONZE TURKEYS.— Toms, $1. Hens, $3. Eggs, per sitting of 12, when in season, $4. 
MUSCOVY DUCKS.— Pure White Drakes, 81.25. Pure White Ducks, $1. Pairs, $2.25. Trios, $3. 
BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS. 
ROUEN GEESE.— Ganders, $2.50. Geese, 82.50. Eggs, per sitting, $3. 

WILLIAM L., Jr., No. 21058, half brother of Axtell, will serve a limited number of mires tor $2S 
the season. Mares boarded at lowest figures per month. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



477 



THE" ONION AS A SEDATIVE FOR 

PAIN. 
Editor Southern Planter: 

My little boy, aged five years, had 
been suffering for a number of days 
with toothache and earache, caused by 
an ahscess.in process of formation at 
the root of the affected tooth. He had 
had a variety of treatment from va- 
rious sources, including a good phy- 
sician, but without relief, and last 
evening the pain and nervousness 
caused by lack of sleep seemed about 
to culminate almost in convulsions, 
and his mother and I had the prospect 
of a sleepless and anxious night be- 
fore us. I happened to remember a 
simple remedy that my mother used 
with myself when a child. We took a 
large onion (the old Richmond onion 
they are called around here), roasted it 
in the fire, and when thoroughly done, 
mashed it up and bound it to his pulse 
as hot, as could be borne on the side 
opposite to the affected tooth. The 
effect seemed almost magical. In 
twenty minutes the child became quiet, 
and in half an hour sunk into a pro- 
found slumber, which lasted the entire 
night, and he awoke in the morning 
much better and free from pain. Now, 
it seems to me that so simple and 
harmless a remedy and one so entirely 
free from danger ought to be generally 
known. It is certainly better in case 
of nervousness and pain to use this 
than to fill the system with dangerous 
drugs. I don't suppose any possible 
harm could come from its use under 
any circumstances. With the hope 
that its trial may bring the relief to 
some tired, wornout mother and suf- 
fering child, that it did in this case,' I 
send this account to you, leaving it 
to your discretion to give it publicity 
through the columns of your valued 
publication. Jonx I. Pritchett. 

Whitmell. Va. 



MAGAZINES. 
The July Century is distinctively a 
fiction number: and the list of stories 
is long and varied enough to please 
the most omnivorous appetite for fic- 
tion. Easily first in interest is Homer 
B. Hulbert's "The Sign of the Jumna." 
telling the thrilling details of a British 
subaltern's search among the Hima- 
layas for literary treasure-trove. How 
ho found a remarkable book, now in 
the British Museum, but at .the cost of 
twenty-three years' imprisonment in 
a mountain monastery, makes an un- 
usual and engrossing tale. John 
Luther Long's "The Siren" is far 
from being a coventional romance, and 
it has the flavor of the sea; the coast, 
is just the place to read the story of 
savage Brassid and the laughing Sea 
T ady. "Mahmoud Pasha of the D. P. 
W." is the title of an Egyptian and 
English story, by Frederic Courtland 
Penfield, former United States Diplo 
matic Agent to Esyot. which tells of 
a clever Indian device which located 
a disastrous break in the great dam. 
°ther fiction of the iss'ie jT'lndes: "A 
Lost Story," a po8t.humo«ae work by 



St. Hlbans 
Scbool 



Situated on a 

Sunny Headland 

above the 

Banks of New River, 

IN THE 

Blue Grass Region 
of Virginia 



Prepares Boys 

FOR UNIVERSITY OR 
FOR BUSINESS-^^-^^ 



SEND FOR ANNUAL CATALOGUE, IN WHICH IS 
PUBLISHED "I'LAN OF ST. ALBANS SCHOOL." 

Address, W. H. RANDOLPH, 

Head Master, 
Radford, - - - Virginia 



SUNNY HOME HERD OF 

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE. 

BARON ROSEBOY 57666 (The great Westertown Rose, son of the 
world -famous QAY BLACKBIRD; In service. 

The Sire is half the herd. In Baron Roseboy, is combined the typical " doddy " form with a 
pedigree that cannot be excelled. He is a brother of the great "Gay Lad" (sold at 83050). 
wbo heads the largest Angus herd east of the Mississippi, is also brother of ■' Hector of Lakeside " 
at the he»d of the great Pope Kiver herd of Illinois ; is uncle of the " 10th Laird of Estill " at the 
bead of the greatest Angus herd in America. 

On dam's side, Baron Roseboy traces direct to the Imp. Blackbird Bull, " BA8UTO, " said to b« 
the best Blackbird Bull ever imported. 

The females in the herd are "chips oft tbe same block". Great bulls, great cows, mean great 
calves. Come and see them, or write 

A. L. FRENCH, Proprietor, Fitzgerald, N. C. 

Rockingham Co , 24 miles southwest of Danville, Va., on D. & W. Ry. 



We Are Still in the Business.... 



"HILL TOP" Stock at Shadwell, Va. 

Having changed our residence, we brought with us and have for 

sale a choice lot of HILL TOP stock. 

Jersey Cattle, Southdown and Shropshire Sheep, 

Berkshire Hogs and B. B. R. Game Chickens. 

Our Berkshire Pigs are now closely sold up, but we will have a fine lot ready to ship 
by September 1st. We will he glad to serve our old friends and are always glad to 
make new ones. 

W- have won more premiums on sheep and hogs at State and County Fairs 
than all o'her breeders in Virginia combined. 

H. A. S. HAMILTON & SONS, Shadwell, Va. 



Tlie Oalis" Herd 



OFFERS 

FOR 
-SALE- 



few 



2 Registered SHORTHORN COWS, 
2 Registered MORGAN COLTS, and 
good yearling SHROPSHIRE RAMS. 

B. B. BUCHANAN, Bedford City, Va. 



478 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[July 



the lamented Frank Norris, author of 
"The Octopus"; Margaret Sutton Bris- 
coe's "Red Tassels," David Gray's 
"The Braybrook Baby's Godmother" 
(another Gallop story), Will H. Har- 
ben's "A Question of Valor," Philip 
Berrill Mighels' "A Forty-Horse-Power 
Stratagem," and more chapters of 
Richard Whiteing's "The Yellow Van." 
Edwin L. Sabin continues his charm- 
ing series on the life of the American 
village boy. this month sketching "A 
Boy's Loves." 

For readers of the July Century who 
want something beside fiction there is 
no lack of more solid reading. Noth- 
ing could be more timely, in view of 
the bicentennial of Wesley, than the 
life of the founder of Methodism., by 
C. T. Winchester, professor of Erg" 
literature at Wesleyan 'University, and 
well known on other platforms as a 
lecturer. The July issue brings, too. 
the long expected "Unpublished Let 
ters by Sir Walter Scott," edited bv 
Horace P. Hutchinson, with notes by 
Mrs. Mary Anne Watts Hughes, to 
whom the letters were written, and 
an introductory sketch of Mrs. Hughes 
by her grandson, Mr. W. H. Hughes, 
the American brother of the famous 
"Tom Hughes." Dr. William Hayes 
Ward answers the question asked by 
so many since a recent letter of the 
Emperor William, "Who was Hammu- 
rabi?" Hermann Klein's "Modern 
Musical Celebrities" gives pleasant be- 
hind-the-scenes glimpses of Jean and 
Edouard de Reszke, Tamagno, Las- 
salle, Augustus Harris and Mme. Nor- 
dica. 



The DeLOACH 



A. M. Bowman, the proprietor of 
Bowmont Farms, of Salem, and the 
oopular representative in our Stat" 
Legislature from Roanoke county and 
city, has for a number of years been 
engaged in collecting what he claims 
to be the best collection of high test- 
ing and deep milking Jerseys on the 
continent, and his herd is attracting 
l lie attention of breeders and buyers 
from all parts of the country, and 
from foreign countries. He has also 
recently introduced the large York- 
shire breed of hogs, which are now 
attracting so much attention as a 
"bacon breed" in Canada and other 
districts, where high class bacon is 
made. 

In another column he has an inter- 
esting change in his advertisement. 



In a little town in Nova Scotia are 
two churches, situated in the two di- 
visions of the village locally desig- 
nated as the "North End" and "South 
i 'nil At a Sunday morning service 
''" - [Relating clergyman read the fol- 
lowing notice: 

"There will be preaching at 11 
o'clock next Sunday morning in the 
church at the North End, and at 4 
o'clock in ihe afternoon in the church 
nt the South ''nd. Infants will be 

"li>fi »( both ends"— Nhw York 
■ tli, 



Saw Mills are Sure Winners. 

Eight sizes, from Farmers'4 h.p. up to 20u h. p 

If Interested, write for large illustrate! catalogue of OeLoach Patent Saw Mills to suit any 
power from 4 to 20" h.p; Shingle Mills, Planers, Edgers, Trimmers, Stave and Lath Mills, Bolt- 
ers, Corn and Buhr Mills, Water Wheels, etc. To introduce our New Farmers' Saw Mill, fitted 
with'DeLoach Patent Variable Friction Feed, we make this special offer: 

We will deliver on cars at factory our 
No. Pony Farmers' Saw Mill, with Duplex 
l'ogs, J mi'roved Head Blocks, and Ratch- 
et Set Works, complete as shown in cut, 
except it has Carriage made in two 4 foot 
sec ions with Rope Dri^e instead of Rack 
»nd Pinion without Saw or Belt, for 
S115.00 Spot Cash! 
Wi!h 36" Solid taw, $127.50: 40", $132.5 

4t", $140.00; 48", $150.00. 
With 36"ln'ierted c aw $147 50: 40",$152.50 

44", $160.00; 4«",$170 00. 

Best Rubber Belting, 4-ply, 6". 20 cents 

per foot ; 8", 30 cents per foot, net. 

No discount from these prices. 

Our Warranty: This mill isw«rranted to be made in a workman-'ibe manner, of first cla?B 
material throughout, end to give perfect satisfaction if operated according to our printed in- 
structions, which are so simple tha' a buy can understand tbeni Any one with ordinary intelli- 
gence can set and operate without the assistance of an exp-rienced sswyer : will easily cut 2 000 
to 2,500 feet of first class board lumber p«-j day with only 4 h p. ; 3,000 feet with 6 h. p. ; 4,000 feet 
with 8 h. p. ; is adapted to any kind ovsize power up to 15 h. p. 

| DeLOACH MILL MANUFACTURING CO., Box 600 Atlanta, Georgia, U, S. A. 

1 The DeLoach is the only mill made that is shipped to all parts of the world. Over 10,000 in uBe; 




1 EGGS FOR HATCHING | 

£ From Fowls of High Merit, Fresh, and a Good Hatch 

g Guaranteed of the following varieties : — 

| PLYMOUTH ROCKS, BROWN LEGHORNS, WHITE 

2 LEGHORNSand PEKIN DUCKS at S1. OO per sitting of 15 

| BRONZE TURKEY EGGS, $3.00 per dozen. 

w Jersey and Guernsey Cattle and Berkshire Pigs Four handsome 

<J Great Danes and three Fox Terrier Puppies. 



M. B. ROWE & CO., 



Fredericksburg, Va 



VIRGINIA DIVISION. 

Farmers Mutual Benefit Association 

A Fire Insurance Association, chartered by ihe State of Virginia, for 
farmers, under an amended and well protected plan. 

Insures in counties surrounding and accessible to Richmond, against Fire 
and Lightning, only country property — no stores or unsafe risks. Policy-holders 
amply secured — ail legitimate losses paid. Average cost per year less than other 
plans, and a great saving to farmers. Amount of property now insured, $330,000, 
and increasing yearly. Estimated securiey in real and other estate, $750,000. 

For further information, address, CHAS. N. FRIEND, General Agent, 

MENTION THIS jouknal. CHESTER, VIRGINIA. 



YOUR GIRL » 

Needs an education. Send for Cata- 
logue of WOODLAWN SEMINARY & 
MUSICAL INSTITUTE, GORDONS- 
VILLE, VA. Beautifully and health- 
fully situated at the foot of the Blue 
Ridge Mountains. Prepares for any 
College or Special School or for Teach- 
ins. Beautiful home; thorough instruc- 
tion. AH Grades, including English. 

Elocution, MU8»C an<l Art. KKBPHSfiR 

very low* 



AGRICULTURAL 
AND BUILDERS' 



LIME 



Send for Circulars and Price=List. 

FELLSWORTH LIME WORKS, 

REEVES CATT, Agent, 

Bodley, Augusta County, Virginia. 

Mention the Southern Planter when 
corresponding -with AdY«rtfoi«rM« 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



479 



We are Going to 




seHYou a CHATHAM FANNING MILL 

60 Days' Approval 

to convince yon of its superiority over any fanning mill you ever heard 
of. If that isn't louy enough time we will take your Three Years l\ote. 
WK KNOW what the Chatham will do for you, liow much money it 
will make, how much it will save you, how strong it is, how easily il runs 
ami the perfect work it accomplishes. It will eleau and ttrntle your 
seed grain, will enable you to sell your clean grain at the top price, will 
sa i e the timothy seed from the yearly crop of grain, save the screenings 
for feed for your stock. The Chatham will clean and grade amy 
kin:t of seed or grain. The n«w bagging attachment saves the work of 
one man. We have already sold OVER one hundred thousand (100,000) 
of them iu every part of the U. S. and Canada, and are not going to stop 
until we place one in the hands of every farmer, stock raiser and seeds- 
man in North America. We want you to send us your name and address. 
We will then send you tne most instructive book, free, 

"How to Make Dollars Out of Wind." 



It tells ways of making easy money that you neverthought 
of. We will also outline our 'f'HIIi.KK VKAKS' 
Ciau of selling you a Chatham. It will surprise you 

by its liberality and convince you that we believe in our 
mill, ltgives you a chance to let the mill pay you before 
you pay us for the mill. 

iicre are some of the things others have done with the - 
help of the Chatham Faulting Mill: 

FredDietz, Kansomville, N. Y., got J10S cash for timothy 
seed out ot his wheat, and didn't know there was any there. 

O. E.Perkins, Hallsport, N.Y., got $550 more for 1000 bushels 
of wheat than his neighbor did. Perkins used the Chatham; 
neighbor didn't 

D. M.Bsthune, Bethune, S. C, obtains $1 extra on every 
100 pounds of rice by using the Chatham. 

G. Woodring, So. Charleston, O., secured $157 worth of grass 
seed from cleaning up the refuse in barn floors aud mangers. 

Read this letter from the Superintendent of the High Shoals 
Manufacturing Company. 

Now write an and get that tree book and our 
proposition to make you money. Address 

M. CAMPBELL FANNING MiLL GO., Ltd., M nu nYn e rl fc &li? hatbam 



High Shoals Manufacturing Company, 

YARNS, SHIRTINGS, CMJSCICS, STRIPES, ETC. 



Talmage Hardware Co.. -r/? . r/?, / Cft • „.,. „ 

Agents for Chatham Fanning Mills, •C'ty/ J/ieah, ??«.,_ May 25th, 1903 
Athens, Ga.. 
Gentlemen: 

The Chatham Fanning Mill bought of you is by far a more valuable 
machine than I first thought. As you know I did not get this machine until 
afcr I had begun to plant my cotton. When the Fanning Mill arrived, in order 
to test its merits, I fanned out a lot of the remainder of the seed of my 
cotton and to my surprise on looking over the farm 1 found that the seed 
fanned before planting came up a great deal better, in fact one would not'' 
believe that the Fanning Mill would make such a difference. In addition to 
the stand of cotton I saved at least one-third of the seed. I do not think 
that I can afford to do without this machine evpn at double the price I paid 
for it. I have had several of my neighbors to fan their seed and they all 
speak in the highest of terms so far as they can see at present. I have only 
used it on* cotton seed and fanning peas, and as stated above I would not 
th.'.nk of doing without it at even twice the cost. 

Yours respectfully. 
Diet, to V. G. •£. J. Baxter. Supt. 



)I6 Wesson Avenue, Detroit, Mich. 



CATALOGUES, ETC. 

International Harvester Company 
of America (McCormick Division), 
Chicago 111. King Corn. The Mc- 
Cormick Corn Binder. 

American Devon Cattle Club. Year 
Book for 1903. 

Kentucky State Fair, Owensboro, 
Ky.. September 21-26, 1903. Premium 
List. 

The Nutgrowers Association, Do- 
Witt, Ga., invite attention to the sub- 
ject of nut trees for timber. In the 
Nutgrower for March. 1903, there is 
an interesting article dealing with the 
subject. 



LIFE'S PROBLEMS. 

Marion has reached the age when 
the problems of life assume interesting 
proportions. 

"I was born in Washington, D. C, 
grandmother. Where were you born?" 
she asked recently. 

"Way out in Kansas," answered the 
old lady. 

'"Father was born in New Orlean 
continued the child, "and mother in 
Denver. Do you know" — reflectively — j 
"it seems to me people are liable 
be born most any place." — May i 
pincott's Magazine. 




A WASHING MACHINE is as great a necessity in the house as a wringer 

THE MAJESTIC ROTARY WASHER 

has too many good points for explanation in an ad- 
vertisement. Your name on a postal card will 
bring our booklet, with full particulars of our sis 
different machines and how to get them. One of 
them will certainly please you. All are made with 
electrically welded wire hoops sunk in grooves — our 
patent. Being the largest manufacturers of wood 
enware in the world, we can make better machines 
for the money than any one else. If you want a 
machine that washes, buy one of ours. 

THE RICHMOND CEDAR WORKS, Richmond, Va. 



There is no »_ 
record cf a £y 
|FARQUHAR BOILER^ 
ever exploding. 



ENGINES AND SEPARATORS 

The Farqiihar threshing machinery ia the perfected product of the pioneer manufacturers of 
Grain !*eparutori* and Threshing EnjrincH. It'a the most durable and ohcapesl thresh- 
ing outfit ;i former oan buy. The Celebrated Aju.\ Threshing Engines, made in 

size3 from in, p. up, have seats, foot brakes, and two injector-. Provided with every approved 
safety appliance. Farquhar Separator* have every advan- 
tage of capacity, thoroughness of separation, simplieii 
durability, Kvory part thoroughly tested. Made iu 
styles ana alias. Send for free catalogue of Engines, 

Threshing Machinery, Saw Mills, etc. ^^ *-j*ii P ^ X^r 



A. B. Farquhar Co., Ltd. 
York, Pa. 



480 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, 



[July 



REPORTS. 

U. S. Department of Agriculture, 
Washington, D. C. A Directory 
fior farmers, with weather condi- 
tions. Crop injuries for 1902. 
Bureau of Plant Industry, Bulletin 
41. The Commercial Grading of 
Corn. 
Bureau of Soils, Bulletin 21. Re- 
clamation of Alkali Lands in 
Egypt. 
Office of Experiment Stations, Ex- 
periment Station Record, Vol. 
XIV., No. 10. 
Farmers Bulletin 169. Experiment 

Station Work. 
Farmers Bulletin 170. Principles 

of Horse Feeding. 
Farmers Bulletin 171. The Control 

of the Codling Moth. 
Farmers Bulletin 172. Scale Insects 
and Mites on Citron Trees. 
Kentucky Experiment Station, Lexing- 
ton, Ky. Bulletin 105. The 
Broom Rapes. 
Bulletin 106. Feeding Dairy Cows. 
Louisiana Experiment Station, Baton 
Rouge, La. Fifteenth Annual Re- 
port. 
New York Experiment Station, Geneva, 
N. Y. Bulletins 220 and 227. 
Popular Edition. Apple Troubles 
in 1902. 
Bulletins 223 and 224. Popular 
Edition. Gsape Pollen and Polli- 
nation. 
Bulletin 225. Popular Edition. Rusty 

Spot and a Remedy. 
Bulletin 226. Popular Edition. 
Two New Raspberry Diseases. 
Ohio Experiment Station, Wooster, 
Ohio. Bulletin 140. The Corn 
Crop. 

South Carolina Experiment Stpti nn 
Clemson College, S. C. Bulletin 
75. Cotton. 
Bulletin 79. A Rotation Study. 
Bulletin 80. Analysis of Commer- 
cial Fertilizers. 
South Dakota Experiment Station, 
Brookings, So. Dak. Bulletin 76. 
A Study of Northwestern Apples. 
Bulletin 78. Frilled Tape Worm of 
Sheep. 
Virginia Weather , Bureau, Richmond, 

Va. Report for May, 1903. 
Imperial Department of Agriculture 
for the West Indies, Barbadoes, 
W. I. Agricultural News. 



SEND US YOUR WOOL 
WE PAY THE FREIOHT. 
WRITE FOR CATALOOUE. 



We make from your 
Own Wool on Shares 
Or for Cash 
White or Gray 
Large or Small 
Blankets, Coverlets 
Dress Goods, Skirts 
Underskirts, Flannels 
Cassimeres, Cheviots 
Jeans 
Art Squares, 
Carpets 
Stair Carpets 
Smyrna Rugs 
Buggy Robes, 
Lounge Covers 

LEAKSVILLE WOOLEN MILLS, Yams, Etc. 

Leaksville, N. C. Write Us. 



EQUALS. 

Mr. Jones was a deacon in the Meth- 
odist church, his religion being re- 
served for the Sabbath. One day he 
overheard a workman swearing, and 
he stopped to argue with him on the ( 
enormity of his sin. "Oh well," said) 
the man. "you pray a little and I 
swear a little, and we don't either of 
us mean anything." — Mary H. North- 
end, in July Lippincott's. 



*3t3r**3r*3t3t3t3t3r**9C^ 




IS SO NECESSARY TO THE 

FARMER AND STOCK RAISER 

that he cannot afford to be without the 
best means of pumping it. 
ADVICE FREE 
if application is made to us. 

Rams, Windmills, Gasoline Engines 

for pumping and farm use 

SYDNOR PUMP & WELL CO., Inc. 

Box 949. RICHMOND, VA. 




GEvT^THJEuy' 



,Yf„BEST 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 




Kentucky 

Cane Mills 



FOR OVER 40 YEARS h ? v e been the re^g-- 

mzed STANDARD 

in Cane Mill construction. They are imitated, 
of course, but they stand alone and supreme in 
these essential points: 

PERFECTION OF MECHANICAL DETAIL.— STRENGTH 
IN EVERY POINT.— SAVING IN REPAIRS.— SIMPLIC- 
ITY.— COVERED OIL CHANNELS IN B0TTO91 PLATE. 

— PATENT REVERSIBLE FEED GUIDE. — ENCASED 
GEARINGS.— DO HOST WORK WITH LEAST POWER. 

Thc.-e is metal where metal is needed, together with skilled workmanship and practical knowledge of 
syrui makers .equirements. Write for complete Cane Mill and Evaporator Catalog, S-60. 

AMERICAN SEEDING MACHINE CO., ^SfflSV LOUISVILLE, KY. 



1903.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 481 

H J« J» J* V* J* .* J* J* •.* -S J* :t :* * .S ..* J» ,* >* ■.* v* J« J« J* J« J» J« J« .* J« J« J« <£ <£ J* J* *£ J* <£ J* J« «>« J* J* J* J« J« ** ^ C*« V»« ^ 

I BILTMORE FARMS, - Biltmore, N. C. \ 



\ Headquarters for GOLDEN LAD JERSEYS, * 

M 7m 



* Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGOLD. j» ^ > 



fc 

GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the fc 

champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both ^ 

born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls. fc 

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with an individuality fc 

that wins in the show ring. ^ 

^ SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever offered, both for fc 

1 breeding and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many ** 

^ of these calves are fit to show and win in anv company. ~ 

% *» 

1 .* j» BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS. + * % 

*i - fe 

_ SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from our prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select ^ 

« from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last two seasons. If you want winners you ^ 

* must breed from winners. ^ 

? Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES. £ 

* _ _ fc 

* .„ orr TMS*nc r a a ju c -.. . .- ., - Vs, 

V. 



J apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biltmore, n. c. 



HlfPEBIJlL FBD1T BWD POULTBT F H B HI 

Is now booking orders for Eggs from the best strains and careful matings of 

Barred, Buff and White Plymouth Rocks, 
Silver=Laced and White Wyandottes, 
S. C. B. Leghorns and Mammoth Pekin Ducks, 
AT $1.00 PER SITTING. 
EGGS FROM BLACK DEVIL PIT GAMES. 

Never known to run. The grittiest of all games. $2.00 PER SITTING. 

We give 15 Chicken and 13 Duck Eggs for sitting. Order at once. 
Write name and address plainly. Remember the express is no more on 2 or 3 sittings than on 1. 
Refer to Augusta National Bank and former patrons. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded 

P. H. HEYDENREICH, - Staunton, Va. 



482 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[July 



Two years ago Lippincott's Magazine 
published a "Complete Novel" called 
"The Lifting of a Finger," which made 
a decided hit. The July number now 
contains another novel from the same 
pen, that of Ina Brevoort Roberts. 
Like its predecessor, "The Pretenders." 
is a tale of modern society treated 
with the same brightness and charm, 
yet showing a great advance in the 
handling of delicate situations and 
subleties in plot. Mrs. Roberts surely 
has the gift for "making love." Those 
who are " in the game" say she does it 
just right. For a journey on cars or 
boat this story is an ideal pastime. 

All short stories in the July Lippin- 
cott's are suited to the "good old sum- 
mer-time" when one is not ashamed to 
confess he wants something not solid 
but entertaining. After the novel 
there is a touching little tale of a girl 
to whom a passing flirtation on the 
man's side means eternal remembering 
on hers. She can boast that "her 
mother had been a Boston woman," 
too! Its title is "The Broken Vase," 
and its author, Marceile Endicott. 
Henry Wysham Lanier, the gifted son 
of Sidney Lanier, contributes "The 
Odyssey of Piscator," a fishing story. 
The sportsman's pursuit, of his fasci- 
nating "Peri" rivals that of his avow- 
ed sport and makes of him quite a 
globetrotter. Girl athletes of the 
present day have very well-defined 
ideas of what comes up to their stand- 
ard in masculinity, and woe betide the 
man who falls short. "The Modern 
Sabine,"' by PL Ayrton, is an instance 
of this in which the exacting heroine 
finds she has not "exercised" her heart 
out of her body, after all, and it joy- 
fully asserts itself in an unusual but 
no less convincing manner. Agnes 
Louise Provost's story called "Jacky" 
is cheerful evidence of the theory that 
no man is thoroughly bad. It is told 
with spirit. 

The labor story by Edith Robinson, 
called "The Vanderdonck, Sandbank" 
(where the scene is Schenectady, N. 
Y.), stands for right on both sides. It 
should be read by laborer and capi- 
talist, and by those in between, be- 
cause it is a really good story. 



■m rwflwflr 



FRECKLE PROOF. 

Little Marie hated freckles, and with 
good reason, for she was like the pro- 
verbial turkey e.ss. Her small nurse, 
Rhody, was as black as tar, except her 
beautiful white teeth. 

One day Marie said regretfully, 
"Wisht I was black like you. Rhody; 
aint nowhere for you to get freckles 
v.-ni your teeth." — Florida C. Orr, in 
July Lippincott's. 



Best for medicinal uses 

Your physician will tell you that you should always have some good whiskey in the 
house. For accidents, fainting spelis. exhaustion, and oilier emergency cases, it relieves 
and revives. But you must have good whiskey, pure whiskey, for poor whiskey, adulterated 
whiskey, may do decided harm. HAYXEB WHISKEY is just what you need for it goes 
direct from our own distillery to you, with all its original strength, richness and flavor, 
carrying a UNITED STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUARANTEE of PUR- 
ITY and AGE and saving the dealers' enormous profits. We have orer a quarter of a 
million satisfied customers, exclusively family trade, who know it is best for medicinal 
purposes and prefer it for other uses. That's why YOU should try it. Your money back if 
you ar~ not satisfied. 

Direct from our distillery to YOU 

Saves Dealers' Profits ! Prevents Adulteration I " 

ER WHISKEY 

PURE SEVEN -YEAR ■OLD RYE 

FULL $£.20 EXPRESS 
QUAHTS W PREPAID 

We will send you FOUR FULL QUART BOTTLES of HAYNER'S SEVEN- 
YEAR-OLD RYE for $:t.-20, and we will pay the express charges. Try it and 
if you don't find it all right and as good as you ever used or can buy from 
anybody else at any price, send it back at our expense and your $3.50 will be 
returned to you by next mail. Just think that offer over. How could it be 
fairer? If you are not perfectly satisfied you are not out a cent. Better let us 
send you a trial order. If you don't want four quarts yourself, get a friend to 
join you. Shipment made in a plain sealed case with no marks to show what's 
inside. 

Orders for Ariz., Cal., Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev.. N.Mex.. Ore., Utah. Wash. 
or Wyo. must be on the basis of 4 Ouarta for $4.0© by Express 
Prepaid or 3© Quarts for S16.0© by Freight Prepaid. 

Write our nearest office and do it NOW. 

THE HAYNE91 DBSTILLI^G COMPANY 

ATLANTA> GA. DAYTON, OHIO ST, LOUIS, MO, ST. PAUL, MINN. 

151 Distillery, Troy, O. Established 18S6. 

iim ii i i i kw i i ■<WJ Ilil HJUIW«WWI»"-*. ? r 7^' UH-? 3 






CHARTERED 1870. 

MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANE 

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 
Capital Stock, = = $200,000.00 

Surplus and Profits, = = 5628,000 00 

Designated Depository of the United States, City of Richmond and Commonwealth 

of Virginia. 

Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, this 

Bank offers superior facilities for direct and quick collections, 

JNO. P. BRANCH, JNO. K. BRANCH, JOHN F. GLENN, 

President. Vice-Fre^deiit. Cashier 



^LIGHTNING SCALES . " .;., 
•■COMPOUND BEAM ON AJ.I' WAG ■' 
0NS.CAIES. TIMBER SPECIFI- 
SMflMSANDWORKING PLANS 

Furnished free'. 

every scale guaranteed. 



i, hw Pbess Co. ■ 




$ HAY PRESSES- 

"HAY 'If LESS TIME^ MAKE SMOOTHER' 

RA'cr Bales ako are easier draft, , 
' " than any other pre^s ' 
1 ■ gasoline.en; i) 
greatest pov. e 

LEASTFOEL.Ni 
M<S F Oil N ELATION 



| u v Mm SUCansas City. Mo-' 




1003.1 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



483 



Seed House of the South. 



RED 

CLOVER, 

riAMMOTH 

CLOVER, 

CRinSON 

CLOVER, 

WHITE 

CLOVER, 

LUCERNE 

CLOVER, 

ALSYKE 

CLOVER, 

BOKHARA 

CLOVER, 

JAPAN 

CLOVL^, 

BUR 

CLOVER, 




TinOTHY, 

ORCHARD 

GRASS, 

RED TOP or 

HERDS ORASS, 

KENTUCKY 

BLUE OR ASS, 

RANDALL 

GRASS, 

TALL MEADOW 

OAT GRASS, 

JOHNSON 

GRASS, 

GERnAN 

MILLET, 

BUCKWHEAT, 

OATS and 

CANE SEED. 



u 



Whatsoever One Soweth. That Shall He Reap." 



We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of every 
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are 

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS. 

+■ & & WE ALSO SELL 

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers 

For Tobacco, Com, Wheat, Potatoes, &c. 

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and 

Fertilizing Materials generally. 

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods. 

Samples sent by mail when desired. 



Wm. A. Miller & Son, ■* 



1016 Main Street, 
LYNCHBURG, VA. 



f 



Headquarters for 



Nursery Stock. 



WHOLESALE 

AND 

RETAIL. 



We make a spe< dty of handling dealers' orders. 
ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME. 



Apples Nectarines, Pecans, 

Pears, Cherry, Chestnuts, 

Peach, Quinces. Walnuts. 

Plum, Almonds. ill Fruits. 

Apricots, 
CALIFORNIA PRIVET, tor Hedging. 

. . AGCNTS WANTED. 
FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., 



Ornamental ami 
•Shade Trees, 
Evergreens, 
Roses, Etc. 

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. 



4 
4» 



f 

f 

4- 



i 

* 

t |^ .. ^^ ^ . ^ e i.. M . l |.. g ..i,.t. 4 J ^ H"S"M^"l »' M" i- "M ->t - i " i "t- t -l ' 



Baltimore, Md- 




8liS 



The following list of papers and periodicals 
are the most popular ones In this section. 
We can SAVE YOU MONEY on whatever 
journal you wish. 



DAILIES. 

Price. With 
Alone. Planter. 

Times-Dispatch. Richmond. Va %:, 00 $5 00 

The Popt, Washington, D. C fi 00 fi 00 

The Sun, Baltimore, Md 3 00 3 40 

Mews-Leader, Richmond, Va 3 00 3 00 

TRI-WEEKLY. 

The World (thrlce-a-week), N. Y 1 00 1 25 

WEEKLIES. 

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 ^ 

Harper's Bazaar j oo 1 40 

Montgomery Advertiser l 00 1 00 

Nashville American 50 75 

The Baltimore Sue 1 oo 1 35 

Breeder's Gazette 2 00 1 75 

Hoard's Dairyman j 00 1 35 

Country Gentleman j 50 j 7S 

Central Presbyterian, " " 2 00 2 25 

Religious Herald, Richmond, Va 2 00 2 25 

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va 100 1 25 

Christian Advocate, " " 1 50 1 75 

Horseman ;; 3 00 3 „„ 

SEMI-MONTHLIES. 

Wool Markets and Sheep 50 75 

Dairy and Creamery 50 75 

Commercial Poultry 50 7S 

A » thre e .'.'.'. 1 50 1 15 

MONTHLIES. 

North American Review 5 no 5 00 

The Century Magazine 4 00 4 25 

st. Nicholas Magazine 3 00 3 25 

Mppinr.ott's Magazine 2 50 2 50 

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00 

Forum Magazine 3 00 3 25 

Scribner's Magazine 3 00 3 25 

Prank Leslies Magazine 1 00 135 

Cosmopolitan Magazine ] 00 1 35 

Kveryhcdy's Magazine 1 00 135 

Munsey Magazine 1 00 3 35 

Strand Magazine 1 25 1 65 

vtcClure'a Magazine 1 00 135 

Argosy Magazine 1 00 135 

Review of Reviews 2 50 2 75 

Successful Farming 1 00 75 

Southern Fruit Grower 50 85 

Where you desire to subscribe to two or 
more of the publications named, you caD ar- 
rive at the net subscription price by deduct- 
ing 50 cents from "our price with the 
PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to 
any other publications not listed here, write 
us and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or 
net subscription rates. 

Subscribers whose time does not expire 
until later can take advantage of our club 
rates, and have their subscription advanced 
one year from date of expiration of their 
subscription to either the PLANTER or any 
of the other publications mentioned. 

Don't hesitate to write us for any informa- 
tion desired; we will cheerfully answer any 
correspondence. 

We furnish NO SAMPfc-K SOP1KS tt «>«»«» 



484 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



The seed plantations around San 
Jose, Cal., are said to receive $3,000,000 
a year from the sale of seed. The first 
experiment of the planters in this line 
was made less than a half dozen years 
ago. One onion patch now covers three 
thousand acres, with furrows almost 
two miles long. A single plot of sweet 
peas occupies eight hundred acres, a 
bed of yellow asters 210 acres, a let- 
tuce bed 2,100 acres. There are within 
a radius of eighty miles around San 
Jose 14,500 acres devoted to raising 
plants and flowers for their seed alone. 



I 

I Do you own a Fanning Mill? Are you thinking of getting one?. 
What kind do you expect to get? 
Why should every farmer own a mill ? 

J Name 



IBit 
I 



Address . 



We want information 



from every reader on the above questions, and 
shall be very glad to have you clip this advertise- 
ment out, fill it in and send it to this publication. On its receipt we will put in your hands 
a beautiful illustrated booklet on the fanninf mill Que Hon . free of cost. 



Editor, Southern Planter. 



^ ^ THE WONDER OF THE 20 CENTURY. *.* 

THE ACME CHURN. 




MILK /ERATOR and CREAM SEPARATOR. 

Guaranteed to make butter from sweet or sour cream in from three to ten 
minutes. The manufacturers offer $100 to any one who can beat this machine 
on time, quality and quantity on any given amount of sweet or sour cream. 
Made of the very best materials and is guaranteed. 

The number of inquiries received from our first Ad., on page 209, April 
Planteb, shows the great interest taken in this new invention by the bufer 
makers of this and adjoining States. It is a new machine, patented and 
fully protected ; and the greatest labor saver of its kind on the market. It 
has'but recently been offered to the public, and by merit alone is making a 
name and place for itself in enterprising and progressive homes, where It 
lightens and lessens the labor of those who need it most. 

The cut is the Single Standard, in 3 and 6 gal. sizes. In the Double Stand" 
ard, the iron frame is on both sides and across the top, is heavier and 
stronger, with an extra wheel at the handle for either hand or light power. 
In 6 and 10 gal. sizes. You can rely upon what is said about this machine. 

Make a note of this and continue to watch Southern Planteb. 
Address THE ACME CHURN, Lock Box 311, Richmond. Virginia. 




Established by 
GEO. WATT, 1840. 

MANUFACTURERS OF 



THE CALL-WATT CO., 



MANFRED CALL. 
Gen'l Manager. 

THE CROWN, CRESCENT, AND WATT PLOWS, 

AND REPAIRS FOR PLOWS IN GENERAL USE. 



_ Dealers in IMPLEMENT-?, MACHINERY and VEHICLES. 



If your land is hard and dry, get 
and hard ground 



WE MAKE PLOWS that will enter hard ground when no other plow will, 
relief and a good plow at same time. 

GOOD ROADS can be made by using our ROAD PLOW'S. Specially adapted to heavy work 
Have been used successfully where other much higher priced plows would not enter hard earth. 

THE DEERE AND PITTS DISC HARROWS. Steel Shanks, Dust Proof Bearing Boxes. Flexible Gangs, allow 
ing the inner ends to rise and fall independently, and still retain the same even pressure in uneven ground on every disc 

THE DEERE STEEL LEVER HARROW. Strong, Flexible, with Spring Trip, relieving all strain on teeth when 
passing an obstruction. 

THE DEERE DISC CULTIVATOR. Light and Strong, High Arch. Solid Steel Axle. Wheels adjustable in width 
Pivoted Tongue, Dust Proof Bearing Boxes. Convertible into an S-disc Harrow. Entire weight can be thrown on discs 
when desired in hard ground. 

GRAIN AND FERTILIZER DRILLS. With Disc or Hoe. For Grain, Corn, Peas, and Fertilizers accurate work 
can be depended on. 

THRESHING MACHINES FOR GRAIN AND PEANUTS. From one to ten horse power. Sold upon their merits, 
and guaranteed to give satisfaction. Unsurpassed by any, and sold at prices lower than any other first-class machines. 

BALING PRESSES. For Hand, Horse or Steam Power, at prices that will enable every grower of hay to have 
his own press. 

FIELD ROLLERS. Steel Rims. Solid Steel Heads, keep the earth from clogging in the shells as in all open 
head rollers. 'Special oil device, free from grit. 

THE IMPERIAL ONE HORSE FARM WAGONS. Steel Arle and Thimble Skein. Built of best material and sold 
under full guarantee. 

THE MOLINE WAGONS. Light Running and Durable. Guaranteed to be made of best air-dried lumber. 
Handsomely finished, and have feature not found in any other. 

ENGINES, SAW MILLS, CORN AND FEED MILLS, CORN SHELLERS, FEED AND ENSILAGE CUTTERS, 
PEA HULLERS, ETC. 

Wc soli' it inquiries for anything needed. • 

13 So. Fifteenth Street, 
Between Main and Cary 



RICHMOND, VA. THE CALL-WATT CO. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



485 



LABOR=SAVING IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY. 

POPIV PF ANTPP^ The H0081ER > both single and doable row, 
VA/IVll rLAH 1 ClVO. w ith and without fertilizer attachment. The 

SPANGLER for Corn, Peas and Sorghum. 



Oocn Planter. 




CULTIVATORS. PLANET Jr and 



IRON AGE Culti- 
vators and Horse Hoes. CONTINENTAL Disc 
Cultivators and Harrows, the best in the world. 

Spring tooth attachments for cultivator. RODERICK LEAN steel lever harrows for 

one, two and three horses. 

THE SOUTH 
BEND CHILLED 
PLOWS. 





DISC CULTIVATOR. 



HORSE HOE. 

Wood or Steel beam ; all sizes. Guaranteed equal to any made 

THE CELEBRATED 

HANCOCK DISC PLOW. 

Single or Double Disc. 




DISC HARROWS— All Sizes. 



SPIKE TOOTH HARROW. 




THE OLD RELIABLE 

PEERLESS ENGINES. 

SAW MILLS and 
THRESHING MACHINES. 



THE FISH, THE WEBER AND THE CHAMPION WAGONS 

IN ALL SIZES. 

General agency for the Columbus Buggy Co., Col- 
umbus, Ohio. A. Wrenn & Sons, Norfolk, Va., and 
other celebrated makers of vehicles. All grades in 
stock. 

Harness, Robes and Whips, Pittsburg Perfect Wire 
Fencing, welded by electricity. Circular for the 
asking. Correspondence solicited. 





THE WATT PLOW CO., \t%\ I F ^£"zl?. Richmond, Va. 



486 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[July 



X 
X 

X 
X 
X 

X 
X 

X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 



How is Your Wheat? 

(~YM"P r^pMTT Invested in a postal card and addressed to 
= _^^___ : THE CARDWELL MACHINE COM- 
PANY, Richmond, Virginia, will bring you circulars regarding 

Caldwell's Thresher and Cleaner 

They are SIMPLE, DURABLE and EASY TO WORK. 
Capacity, 200 to 1000 bushels of wheat per day, according to size 
and character of grain. 

THE CARDWELL MACHINE CO.. Nin , 



eteenth and Cary Sts., 

RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 



X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 



X 
X 

X 
X 
X 
X 
X 
X 



1903 



IN THE STUD AT LAUREL HILL FARM 

THE FINE HACKNEY STALLION 



1903 



tiEIDREK 



t 



Bay horse, foaled 1898; 16 hands high. This horse has 

great natural action, and is capable of getting 

the highest class harness horses. 

FEE, $10.00 the Season or $15.00 to Insure. 



Address 



C. F. & J. BUTTON, Walker's Ford, Va. 



1903. IN THE STUD. 1903. 

WEALTH, 29579. 

RACE RECORD, 2: \7%, Pacing:. 

Timed separately in 2:08 in a race at Indiana 

State Fair. 1902. 

Bay horse, foaled 1897; 16 hands high, weight, 1,200 lbs. 

Sired by Gambetta Wilkes, 2.19J, dam Magnolia, by Norfolk. 

3670. Wealth is grand individually and in appearance. 

FEE, $20 the Season with return privilege, or $25 to insure. 
Address S. F. CHAPMAN, Gordonsville, Va. 



QREA T STAKES, 25521. 

RACE RECORD, 2:20 Trotting. 

Bay horse, by Billy Thornhill, 2.24, dam Sweetstakes, by 

Sweep Stakes, 298. Great Stakes has sired Captain, 

2.16J; Foxhall, 2.193, and four others in the list 

FEE, 25.00 for the Season of 1903. 

W. H. NELSON, 1417 E. Franklin St., Richmond, Va. 



Pedigrees traced and tabulated. Catalogues compiled and 

circulars prepared. Special attention given registration 

matters pertaining to thoroughbreds and trotting horses 

. . . by . . . 

w. j. carter (Broad Rock), 

P.O. Box 929 RICHMOND, VA 

Representing the .... 

The Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va. 
Southern Planter, Richmond, Va. 
Sports of the Times, New York. 
Kentucky Stock Farm. Lexington, Ky. 
Breeder and Sportsman, San Francisco, Cal. 



WHALEBONE, 7872. 

Sired by Abdallah Wilkes, son of George Wilkes, 2.22. 
dam Maggie O., by Abdallah, 15, sire of Goldsmith Maid, 
2.14; second dam Viley Filly, by Pilot, Jr., sire of dam of 
Maud S., 2.083. 

Note. — Whalebone is a richly colored bay horse of fine 
size, handsome and well formed. His disposition is perfect. 
He has sired Visitor, 2.26J, and other winners. 

FEE, $15, with usual return privilege. 

Address W. J. CARTFR, 

P. O. BOX 929, RICHMOND, VA. 



Manufacturers 



R. H. RICHARDSON, 

-Saddles, Harness, Collars, Etc. 



-AND DEALER IN- 



Leather and Shoe Findings, Paints and Supplies, 

1306 Hull Street, 
JlANCHESTER, - - VIRGINIA. 



1903.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



487 



'MOORE" QUALITY ! 



"MOORI" QUANTITY 



J. s. 

Successors to D. O'SULLIVAN, and J. S. MOORE & SONS 



CORNER EIGHTEENTH & MAIN STREETS. 



RICHMOND. VIRGINIA. 



Wholesale and Retail Grocers, Feed and Liquor Dealers. 

Tea, extra best 40 

Tea, fine 30 

Tabje Peaches 10 

2 cans Pie Peaches 25 



Granlated Sugar 43 

Pure Leaf Lard 11 



Good Family I^ard 09 

Dunlop Flour, bbl $4 20 

Obelisk Flour, bbl 4 25 

Daisy Flour, bbl 4 00 

Good Family Flour 3 75 

Good Rice 4* 

Country Meal, peck 18 

or bushel 70 

Mountain Butter, lb 17 

Cooked Ham 12£ 

Country Ham 17 

Good Salt Pork 09 

California Ham 10£ 

Bologna Sausage 07 

Full Cream Cheese 15 

3 large cans Tomatoes 25 

3 cans 3 lb. Peaches 25 

Large Jars Mustard 08 

Large Bottles Catsup 08 

3 lbs. Apricots 25 

7 lbs. Prunes 25 

3 cans Corn 25 



Raisons, lb 06 

i lb. Bottle Olive Oil 25 

3 lbs. Graham Crackers .• 25 

Ginger Snaps 04 



Cream Crackers 07 

Soda Crackers 4£ 

6 lbs. Lump Starch 25 

1"L large bars Soap 25 

12 cakes Toilet Soap .25 

Lem. Cling Peaches, can 15 

4 cans assorted Soup 25 

Large bottle Honey 09 

Navy Beans, quart Q8 

Large Postum, pkg 21 

Small Postum, pkg 11 

Try our Elgin Butter 27 

Preserves, 6 lb. pail Home Made. . . 30 
Potted Ham 04 

7 cans Sardines 25 

Arbuckle's Coffee 91 

Rio Coffee 09 



Plum Tobacco, 3 plugs 25 

Grape Tobacco, 3 plugs 25 

Old Peach Tobacco, 3 plugs 25 

Ward Brand Tobacco, 3 plugs 25 

200 lbs. Sack Salt 85 

Ice Cream Salt, sack 80 

Currants, lb 06 

Pure Pepper, lb 15 

Matches, dozen 04 

5 String Broom 25 

Large Tubs 60 

Cedar Buckets 25 

Lemons, dozen 16 

I gal. can P. R. Molasses 40 

Syrup, gallon 35 

N. O. Molasses, gal 40 

7 lbs. Bread Soda 15 



Cut Herrings, dozen 10 Rye Whiskey, per gal $1.50 to $3.50 



Roe Herrings, dozen 18 

Lake Fish, dozen 15 



Corn Whiskey, gal 2.00 

Cut Herrings, bbl 4.25 



Prices Subject to Market Fluctuations. Order Now. 



In fact we have everything in the GROCERY and FEED line at prices that will astonish 
the best posted people. All we ask is a trial. 



Write for prices on anything in above line not quoted. 




WAGONS and BUGGIES 

MADE 

RIGHT HERE 

AT HOME 

BY 

The BARBOUR BUGGY CO., 
The HUGHES BUGGY CO., 
The VIRGINIA WAGON CO. j 

These vehicles are guaranteed to be as good as can be bought elsewhere; material and 
workmanship unsurpassed; all sizes and styles, prices low. We can save you time, 
money and freight by purchasing our vehicles. Send for our illustrated catalogues. 
Drop in our warehouse and inspect our stock. Inquiries cheerfully answered. 

AGENTS rOR DEERING MACHINES. 

RICHMOND BUGGY & WAGON CO., 1433 E. Main Street, RICHMOND, VA. 

J. T- DUNN, Manager. 




- All of Virginia. 



488 



THE SOUTHERX PLANTER. 



[July 



Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS. 




Genuine BROWN Walking and Riding 

Cultivator. All styles. Write for 

circular and prices. 

Buckeye. Cider Mills. All Sizes. 
Also Chattanooga Cane Mills and 
Evaporators and Furnaces. 

Write for Catalogue and Prices. 




Scientific Steel Corn Harvester. 

The best Harvester on earth. For standing corn 

Safety seats. Safety shafts. 




TIGER Steel and Wood Self-Dump Rakes, 
GRANGER Steel and Wood Hand-Dump Rakes, 
all sizes. 

ELI BALING PRESSES. 

Among the prominent agencies 

represented by us are the 

following : 

Genuine Oliver Chilled Plows and Repairs. 
Genuine Farmers' Friend Plows. 
Subsoil Plows. 
Studebaker and Brown Farm 

Wagons, Carts and Buggies. 
Land Rollers and Harrows. 
Tiger Disc Harrows and Bement 

Disc Cultivators. 
Full line of Hrown Walking and 

Riding Cultivators. 
A full line of Scientific Crushing and 

Grinding Machinery. 
Koss Feed Cutters, Horse Powers, Grinders, 

Wood Saws and Carriers. 

Milwaukee Hay Tools and Corn 

Huskers and Shredders 
Champion Mowers, Reapers and Binders, 

Hay Rakes and Twine. 
Buckeye Iron and Wood Pumps. 
I X L Wind Mills. 
Superior Grain Drills. 
Hallock's Success Anti-Clog Weeder 

and Cultivator. 
Full line of Aspinwull Potato Machinery. 




• Special prices given on Studebaker and 
Brown Wagons, Buggies and Carts. 




Studebaker Buggies, all styles, Studebaker 
Carriages, Studebaker Carts, Stude- 
baker Runabouts. 




Genuine BROWN 
Single and Double 
Plows, wood or 
Steel beam. 



Buckeye Force Pumps. Porce- 
lained Wood Pumps. Wood and 
Steel Wind Mills. 



Superior Grain and Fertilizer 
Drills. Hoe and Disc. 




Bement Disc Cultivator, with 
6 or 8 Disc. 

Built entirely of steel, steel forgings and mal- 
leable iron. The most simple and easiest ad- 
justed cutlivator on the market to-day. Write 
for circulars and testimonials. 

ANTI-DIRT MILK PAIL 




Only Pail made that prevents Dirt and Hair from 
dropping into the Milk and STRAINS IT TWICE 
while milking. Aerates and Cools it. 

Every Farmer and Dairyman Should Use it. 




The Lyons Improved Fanning Mill. 



HENING & NUCKOLS, miTmik 1436-311 L III SI.. 



WHY USE DANGEROUS BARB WIRE 



WHEN AN 



55 INCH. «-. 




ATTRACTIVE WOVEN 
WIRE FENCE 

CAN BE BOUGHT AT EVEN 
LESS COST? 

THE AMERICAN FIELD FENCING Is made in many heights and styles fop 
turning the smallest to the largest animal. Write for special catalogue and prices. 

THE EVANS' STEEL-FRAME CORN PLANTER will drop accurately any desired dis- 
tance, and any quantity fertilizer. Extra plates for peas and beans at small cost. Use one 
and be convinced it has no equal. EVANS' TWO ROW CHECK OR DRILL PLANTER is 
made entirely of steel, and fertilizer attachment is so arranged as to prevent the distribution 
of fertilizer when it is not needed. Special catalogue mailed on application. 

THE EUREKA CORN PLANTER is noted for its simplicity. Write for our price. 

DON'T WAIT FOR SHOWERS 

THE MASTER PLANT SETTER will set water and fertilize more tobacco, cabbage and 
tomato plants than three men can do by hand, and the dryer the ground the better the plants 
will grow. Price, $3.75, delivered at your railroad station. 

"V" CRIMPED STEEL ROOFING. Made in lengths of from 5 to 10 feet. The most eco- 
nomical roof for barns and all outhouses. 

DISC HARROWS. Send for special catalogue of the "THOMAS," with- self-oiling boxes, 
lightest draft and strongest harrow made. 

PLOWS. Try an "IMPERIAL," and you will not want any other. It is admitted by all 
who have used it to be the best in the world. 

THE TIGER RIDING DISC 
CULTIVATOR .... 

With its BALL BEARINGS, PIVOT TONGUE, 
which changes instantly the direction of the 
disc by the -slightest pressure of the foot, Stag- 
gered Spoke Wheels, and gangs that can be 
changed almost instantly to throw either to or 
from the centre is the most desirable made. 
MIDDLE DISCS furnished to change into Disc 
Harrows. Send for special catalogue and 
prices. 

THRESHING 
MACHINES, 
ENGINES and HORSE POWERS. 

The smallest to the largest, and at reasonable prices and terms. 
Write for special catalogues. 

BUGGIES and 

CARRIAGES, 

(ALL STYLES. 

We carry the largest stock of any house 
south of Baltimore, and have grades and 
prices to suit everybody. Special buggy cata- 
logue free. 

FANNING MILLS. We can strongly re- 
commend the "LYONS" for cleaning any kind 
of grain or grass seed. Does its work clean, 
■and praised by every one who has used it. 

Everything the farm needs we can supply, 
and that a close price. 

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va, 








Northwestern 



MUTUAL LIFE 
INSURANCE CO. 



BILTMORB ESTATE, Landscape Dept. Biltmore, N. C, March 9, 1903. 

Office of Superintendent. 
My policies in the Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, which I have been carrying for a num- 
ber of years, appeal to me as the best investments I have .ever made. If I wished to carry more insurance I 
would not care to go outside of this Company with a view of finding better security or greater dividends which 
are based on broad but conservative business principles. It is a pleasure to me to testify as to my impres- 
sions. . CD. Beadle. 

For rates and other Virginia and North Carolina testimonials, address, 

l UfiHlILD BUT. M'lpi *» * IHIXI2QII 

CockeMissMB 7 03* 



STRONG, HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES 

Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON- 
DITION POWDERS. II you wish fat and smooth Cattle and healthy 
Milch Cows, give 

DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS. 

For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS use 
DIXIE NERVE AND BONE LINIMENT-Best on earth for Man or 

I "> Beaat. Large Bottle 25 cts. ; everywhere. J 

< ! OWENS & MINOR DRUG CO., Richmond, Va. I 

VIRGINIA-C AROLINA CH EMICAL CO. 

Southern Manufacturers 

OF 

+ FERTILIZERS *# 

FOR 

Southern Farmers. 



THE FACTS: 

Largest makers of Fertilizers! 
Largest producers of material! 

THE RESULTS: 

Better Fertilizers! Lowering prices! 
Increasing sales! 



Sales Offices: RICHHOND, Va., NORFOLK, VA., DURHAM, N. C. 
AGENTS, - - - - EVERYWHERE. 



ATlTr nil III/ rtP IfinniillR JOHN N. ELLETT, President. WM. M HILL, Cashier. 

The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA B1 - p ™r ooo ° !" RPL . us ' , ^^ ia .