Established 1840. 



THE 



Sixty-Fifth Year. 



Southern Planter 



A MONTHLY JOURNAL 



DEVOTED TO 



Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture, 
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside. 

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHflOND, VIRGINIA. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY, 

J. P. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager. 



Proprietors. 



Vol. 65 



DECEMBER, 1904. 



No. 12. 



CONTENTS. 



FARM MANAGEMENT: 

Editorial— Work for the Month \ . . . 785 

Winter Plowing 789 

Turnip Growing in Scotland 790 

Some Passing Notes 791 

Report on Inoculation of Soy Beans and Other 

Legumes Artificially 792 

Enquirers' Column (Detail Index, page 817). 793 

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD: 

Editorial — Work for the Month 798 

Onions from Sets and Seeds i 798 

Random Thoughts 799 

Results with Japan Plum Orchard in Con- 
necticut 799 

Picking Peaches 800 

Fall Crops in the Norfolk, Va., Trucking Belt. 801 

Trucking 801 

Keeping Cabbage for Winter Use 802 

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY: 

Editorial— The Butter Supply of Southern 

.Markets 803 

Imported Hogn for Virginia 803 

Farm Butter Making 803 

Duroc Jersey Hogs 805 



The Bowmont Farm's Herd of Jerseys. 

Among the Flocks of Scotland 

Blood Will Tell 

Buying Concentrates for Dairy Cows. . . 



805 
806 
808 
809 



THE POULTRY YARD: 

Editorial — Are Your Poultry Houses Warm and 

Free from Drafts 810 

Chicken Chatter 810 

Animal Food for Late Molting Fowls 810 

THE HORSE: 

Editorial— The Colt 811 

Notes 811 

MISCELLANEOUS : 
Varieties of Wheat, Corn, Etc., Grown in the 

State of Virginia 813 

Sugar from Corn Stalks 813 

The Leguminous Crops as Factors in the 

Cheap Production of Milk 814 

A Great Jersey Victory 815 

Feeding the Turkeys 815 

More Eggs in Winter 816 

Association Fixes Tobacco Schedules 816 

Varieties of Corn for Planting — Soy Beans... 816 



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The Southern Planter. 



DEVOTED TO 



PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, MORTICULTUR! 
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE. 



Agriculture is the nursing mother of the Arts.==XENOPHON. 
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. ==SULLY = 



65th Year. 



Richmond, December, 1904. 



No. 12. 



Farm Management. 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 

The year has once again rolled round to its close, 
and the promise of the "Giver of all things" that 
"seed time and harvest should not fail," has once 
again been verified. Now that the ingathering of the 
results of the farmers' labors has been about com- 
pleted, he can take stock of the same and compare 
the results with those of past years and seek to derive 
lessons therefrom for his future efforts. To South- 
ern farmers this retrospect will be upon the whole a 
favorable one wherever the farmer did his duty by the 
land. Whilst the weather has been, nearly through- 
out the South, abnormal in respect to rainfall, there 
having been ever since the early spring months a de- 
ficiency in precipitation in nearly every State, yet 
in only one or two of these has such deficient pre- 
cipitation amounted to anything like such a serious 
lack of moisture as to imperil crops. In several 
States it has no doubt somewhat curtailed the yield, 
yet in this and the adjoining States such has not been 
the case. All our crops, except wheat and hay, have 
been either up to or in excess of the average. In the 
case of the wheat crop, the deficient yield was not 
attributable so nrach to the lack of rainfall as to the 
long continued and severe cold of the winter follow- 
ing upon a dry seeding time, which caused slow ger- 
mination of the crop and left it very small and deli- 
cate to withstand the freezing of the winter. The 
deficient hay yield was no doubt attributable to the 
lack of rain in the spring and early summer months. 
With out early haying season this was bound to re- 
mit in a curtailment of the crop, yet notwithstanding 



this we made in Maryland, Virginia and North Car- 
olina an average of one and one-third tons to the 
acre; in South Carolina one and two-thirds tons to 
the acre, and in Tennessee over one and one-half tons 
to the acre. These crops compare very favorably 
with those of the Northern and New England States, 
where, although noted for making hay, few average 
yields in excess of those of the above Southern States 
are reported. The wheat crop of Maryland made an 
average yield of 13 bushels to the acre; of Virginia, 
10 bushels to the acre; of North and South Carolina, 
8 bushels to the acre, and of Tennessee, 11 bushels to 
the acre. These yields are no doubt very low, and 
represent no profit to the grower, but Avhen com- 
pared with the average made in other winter wheat 
growing States for this year, may be taken to be not 
less in proportion than other growers had to submit 
to on account of the abnormal winter weather. There 
can be no question that the low average yield of wheat 
in the Southern States every year is largely the fault 
of the growers themselves, who will not give that 
preparation to the land which the crop requires in or- 
der to be grown profitably. This is evidenced by 
the fact that those who do give the land the proper 
preparation make crops as large as are made in any 
other part of the country. Even in this year of ab- 
normal low yields Ave know farmers who made over 
30 bushels to the acre without the use of any com- 
mercial fertilizer whatever. We have during the 
fall months written very fully on this subject of the 
proper preparation of the land for the wheat crop, 
and hope that the results will be seen next year in a 



786 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



much higher average yield. The oat crop of the 
South was again a disappointment, but as this crop 
is only one of minor importance and mainly grown 
as a hay or forage crop, this fact is not of serious 
import, as the deficiency in forage yield was easily 
made good by the summer grown forage crops. 
We doubt much 1he advisability of persisting in 
making the oat crop a factor in our crops. It is 
essentially a cold climate crop, and our average 
weather conditions are not adapted to its successful 
growth. Its place as forage can well be taken by 
a summer grown forage crop, which we can raise to 
perfection. If grown at all, it should be sown in the 
early fall and be cut for hay, when the grain is in the 
dough state before the hot weather sets in. Turning 
now to the great staple crops of the South, corn, cot- 
ton and tobacco, the retrospect is a most cheering one. 
Corn, which in area was more than the average has 
made in Maryland an average yield of 33 bushels to 
the acre, in Virginia an average yield of 23 bushels 
to the acre, in North Carolina an average yield of 15 
bushels to the acre, in South Carolina an average 
yield of 12 bushels to the acre, and in Tennessee an 
average yield of 25 bushels to the acre. These yields 
are in all cases in excess of the average for the past 
ten years, and in some cases notably in excess, as is 
the case in Virginia. Whilst the yield of the cotton 
crop is not yet ascertained, there is every reason to 
believe the crop will be in excess of 11,000,000 bales. 
The tobacco crop whilst less in acreage is in excess 
of tbe average in yield per acre. The price of all 
the staple crops is in excess of the average for ten 
years. Wheat has steadily risen in price ever since 
the crop was harvested, and now stands near $1.20 
per bushel, with every indication of going higher. 
For the first time in the history of this country the 
prodnctioTi of wheat is not in excess of the require- 
ments of the country, and foreign nations cannot 
look to us to meet their needs. Indeed, already 
wheat is being imported into this country from Can- 
ada. Tt looks at last as though the farmer stood 
Borne chance of getting a pull out of protection along 
with the other "infant industries," which have so 
long monopolised all I he benefits of this vile policy. 
Imported wheat pays a duty of 25 cents per bushel, 
and when this duty begins to operate and makes 
bread dearer we shall soon see how the protected 
manufacturers will howl and denounce the injustice. 
They will fail to see that what is "Sauce for the 
goose is sauce for the gander also." So long as they 
ean plunder the farmer they see no injustice in a pro- 
tective tariff, which enables them to charge the home 



farmer from 25 to 50 per cent, more for a machine 
or implement than they charge the foreigner for the 
same thing, but when the farmer begins to get a little 
protection they will object. Let us hope the result 
will be to get rid of the whole system and make each 
"tub stand on its own bottom." The "infant in- 
dustries" are now hoary with age, and ought to be 
able to "go it alone," or not go at all. With such an 
outlook as the figures indicate, the farmers of the 
South may and should be able to look upon the re- 
sults of their labors for this year with satisfaction. 
Much of this improvement in the condition of the 
farming interests of the South is to be attributed to 
the change which has taken place in the methods of 
the Southern farmer. From being simply "planters" 
they are gradually becoming "farmers." We look 
upon this change with great satisfaction, as it is one 
for Avhich we have labored earnestly for now nearly 
twenty years. We have urged in season and out of 
season that rotation of crops should be studied and 
practiced, and that the products of the farm should 
be converted at home into higher priced products 
than the raw products can ever bring, and which can 
be marketed at much less cost. This involves the 
keeping of live stock, and thus the production of 
home-made manure to take the place of commercial 
fertilizer. When Southern farmers keep the live 
stock which they can and ought to do, and consume on 
the farm all the roughage which they necessarily 
make in the production of the cereal crops and all 
the forage crops which they can grow in addition, 
then the quantity of commercial fertilizer, which at 
present is such a great tax to add to the cost of the 
crops, will be largely reduced and the crop producing 
capacity of the farms will be enormously enhanced. 
Whilst commercial fertilizers, or rather, we would 
say, the chemical constituents of which they are com- 
posed can be in almost all cases profitably used on 
land in a high state of fertility for the production of 
truck crops and tobacco, which have a high relative 
value over the normal cost of production they cannot 
be so used, except in the case of acid phosphate, and 
in some cases and on some lands potash, in the pro- 
duction of the cereals, cotton, forage and grass crops. 
These depend for rheir successful production more 
upon the physical and mechanical condition of the 
soil than upon the actual amount of quickly available 
plnnt food in the soil. They have a long period of 
growth, and the capacity to extract the food they re- 
quire from a large area of land, by reason of their 
extensive root systems, if only the condition of the 
land is so perfect as to permit of this being done. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



767 



There is in all land so large a reserve of plant food as 
to meet the requirements of these staple crops if only 
the land is in a proper physical and mechanical con- 
dition. The addition of commercial fertilizers or 
chemicals will never change the physical or mechani- 
cal condition of the soil. This can only be brought 
about by deep plowing and perfect preparation of the 
land bv the harrow, cultivator and roller, and the 
addition of home-made manure and vegetable matter 
derived from growing crops, and especially of the 
leguminous crops, which, in addition to their humus 
making content, also add to the soil, nitrogen, the one 
element of fertility not found there in abundance. 
Farmers are gradually taking to heart the lessons we 
have so long taught on this line, and it is seen in the 
increased crop producing character of their lands and 
their own material improvement. What the South 
most needs is not so much greater areas of land culti- 
vated, but greater production per acre. As this 
change comes about greater profit will be the result. 
The labor cost of producing 40 bushels of wheat or 
75 bushels of corn per acre is little more than that of 
producing 10 bushels of wheat and 20 bushels of 
corn, whilst the ultimate monetary return is wonder- 
fully increased. The one yield will not pay the 
labor bill, the other yield will do this and give a 
large profit on the outlay. 



It is too late now to seed any crops except it may 
be rye, and even for this crop it is very late and its 
success, if seeded, will largely depend upon the mild- 
ness of the winter, and Canada peas and oats for a 
forage crop. This latter crop ought not to be seeded 
until the end of January or in February, except in 
Tidewater Virginia and Eastern North Carolina. 
In these sections it may be seeded in Dcember, and 
the period of sowing in other sections be gradually 
made later as we go westward until in the western 
sections of the Southern States it is put in in March. 
Canada peas and oats are essentially a cold climate 
crop, but can be successfully grown in the South if 
got in early enough, so that the crop comes to ma- 
turity before the hot weather sets in. It should be 
fully grown and ready for the mower in May, and 
wbere this is done it will be found a most useful crop 
for early grazing with hogs and for green forage and 
hay. Land to be sown in this crop ought to be in a 
good state of fertility. It will not make a profitable 
crop on poor land, but will grow and be found most 
useful on land which will grow a good crop of cow 
pea*, and will improve the land for a corn crop to 
follow. The land should be well and deeply broken 



and be made fine, and if not in a good state of fer- 
tility ought to have 300 pounds of acid phosphate 
and 50 pounds of muriate of potash to the acre ap- 
plied broadcast and harrowed in. The peas at the 
rate of two bushels to the acre should be first sown 
and be put in deep with the drill or be plowed under 
so as to give them a cover of at least 5 inches. This 
will enable them to continue their growth long after 
the weather is too warm for them if planted shallow. 
After the peas have been covered sow three-quarters 
of a bushel of winter oats broadcast and harrow. The 
crop should not be grazed until the peas are formed 
in the pods and should be cut for hay when the peas 
are just beginning to ripen. 



The work of plowing land intended to be cropped 
next year, not already seeded with a fall sown crop, 
should be given constant attention. In this issue 
will be found an article dealing with this question of 
fall and winter plowing and pointing out its advan- 
tages, to which we invite the attention of our readers. 



The work of cleaning up new land and old fields 
that have been out of cultivation and are again in- 
tended to be cropped should have immediate attention 
given. Too often this work is put off until far into 
spring, and then, for want of time, is most ineffi- 
ciently done, and the result is disappointment in the 
crop. Get the land broken deeply as soon as possible 
so that the benefit to be derived from the action of the 
atmosphere on the land may be as large as possible. 
Especially plow deeply all galled and gullied places, 
so that no further washing of the land may take place. 
Gather up and fill into the deep gullies all loose stones 
and rocks and plow the soil onto them from the sides. 
Have all stumps, bushes and briers effectually grub- 
bed out and carried off the land or burnt. Where 
the stumps are not too large burning is the best way 
to get rid of them, and so of bushes and briers. In 
setting up the new fences see that the fields are laid 
off square or as near thereto as possible, as they will 
then be much more conveniently and economically 
worked. Let the fences run in straight lii\es from 
point to point. Where good rails are found in the 
old fence rows utilize these in the new fences by set- 
ting posts at a proper distance apart and fastening 
the rails to them with wire. This wire should be 
stapled to the bottom of one side of the post and then 
run up the post over the top and down to the bottom 
on the other side. As it is taken up the one side of 
the post staple it to the post at the point where a rail 



788 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



is to be fixed put tbe rail against the post and carry 
tbe wire round it and staple again to the post above 
the rail, and so continue doing up to tbe top of tbe 
post. Tbe Avire going down tbe other side of the 
post should be utilized in the same way to fasten the 
ends of tbe rails going in the opposite direction. In 
this way a good post and rail fence can be made per- 
fectly straight at very little cost and without nails. 
Often out of an old "worm fence" as many good rails 
may be taken as will serve to make a good fence or 
go a long way in saving cost of new rails. Fix gates 
at convenient places in the fences and so hang them 
that they will shut when not in use, and thus get rid 
of the trouble of cattle getting into tbe crops from 
rails being left down or gates left open. If any 
drains are needed in the fields have them put in when 
cleaning up tbe land. Put the drains down deep, at 
least 36 inches, and let them run straight up and 
down the slopes and not around the hillsides. A 
drain running straight up and down a slope draws 
water from both sides, whilst one run around a hill 
only drains tbe upper side of it. Let the drains run 
straight into the main drain and let the main be 
large enough to carry the water and run it straight 
to the outlet, which should be a perfectly open place, 
Avhere no silt or trash, can accumulate. Crooked 
places in drains are sure sooner or later to stop up 
the drains and render them itseless. On all galls 
and gullied places spread a dressing of barn-yard 
manure and strawy trash, so that the spot may com- 
mence to have some vegetable matter got into it. 
This after tbe deep breaking is what it needs to make 
it fertile again and stop washing. 



loss of its plant food. Get it on to the land to be 
planted in corn, where not wanted as a top dressing 
on wheat or oats. It will always pay on the corn 
crop better than any other fertilizer. It is equally 
valuable as a top dressing for wheat and oats, and 
if got on before severe freezing weather sets in will 
largely prevent heaving of the land and winter kill- 
ing of the crop. Much time may be saved in spring, 
when work of all kind presses, by utilizing the winter 
months in getting manure and fertilizer on to the 
land. The mineral fertilizers like acid phosphate 
and potash may be safely applied to the land in win- 
ter without fear of loss from leaching. They require 
time to become available for the plants, and will help 
the crop better when applied some time before the 
crop is planted. Bone meal, tankage and cotton seed 
meal may also be safely put on the land some time in 
advance of the planting of the crop, as these fertil- 
izers must first decay before they are available to the 
plants, and this process of decay is very slow in cold 
land. Nitrate of soda should never be applied until 
after the crop is planted and has made a good start 
in growth. It is as soluble as salt, and the nitrogen 
in it is immediately available to the plants, being in 
the form in which plants take nitrogen. Unless the 
root growth is active this nitrogen may be easily lost 
by leaching. 



If you have not already started a system of rota- 
tion on the farm plan for one now for the coming 
years. Lay off the land to be cultivated into as 
many fields as you wish your rotation to be years 
long. If a three course rotation is decided upon lay 
off three fields and so on for a four or five or six 
year course. A four or five year rotation is, in our 
opinion, as short a one as ought to be adopted except 
n may be upon the light soils of the coast sections, 
where a grass sod will not hold on the land. On the 
heavy red lands of the western parts of the State, 
where grass holds well, even a six or seven year rota- 
tion will be found profitable. 



Ditches and drains should be cleaned oiit and new 
ones made where needed. All wet fields and wet 
places in fields should be underdrained where practi- 
cable. Tbe drains in these places should be put 
down deeply, not less than 36 inches. It is the un- 
derlying water which causes the trouble and not that 
on the surface. Get the stagnant, underground wa- 
ter away and that which falls on the surface will soon 
find its way into the ground and leave the land dry 
and sound. After draining these fields and places 
give a dressing of lime at the rate of 25 or 30 bush- 
els to the acre. This will sweeten the land, which is 
almost invariably sour when water soaked. 



Get the manure out from the stables, barns and 
pens as it is made whenever the weather and the 
condition of the land will permit of hauling. The 
less the manure lays in the yard the loss will be the 



Clean out the ice pond and ice house and be ready 
to harvest the ice crop as soon as it is made. Farm- 
ers in the South cannot afford to miss the first oppor- 
tunity to get ice, as a second may not come here. 
See that all sources of pollution are cut off from the 
ice pond, so that only pure water is frozen. Ice 
made from impure water is always dangerous to use. 
If you have no ice house, have one built above ground. 
This need not cost much, as all that is needed is a 
double framed building set on high, dry ground, 



1904. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



789 



where the bottom of the house can be kept free from 
water. Put in a drain into the middle of the house 
and let the ground slope from each side to this drain, 
and put a trap in the drain to exclude the inflow of 
warm air. Then put over the ground a slatted floor 
raised six inches above the ground, so that the ice will 
be kept dry in the bottom. Build the house exactly as 
you would build any other frame building, only make 
the space between the inner and outer framing 12 
inches apart instead of 4 or 6 inches. Fill in this 
space with sawdust and put a double roof on the top, 
with a similar 12 inch space between the inner and 
outer roof. Pack the ice solid and cover with 12 
inches of sawdust. See that the roof is well ventilated 
by having a slatted window in at each gable so that no 
warm air may accumulate there. Put a double door 
with a 12 inch space between the inner and outer 
door. 



See that a plentiful supply of well seasoned wood is 
in the wood-house so that the housewife is not pes- 
tered with growls about a cold house or prevented 
from having the meals on time by reason of having 
to cook with wet or unseasoned wood. This will 
save much temper and unpleasantness. 



May the Christmas be a merry one and the New 
year a happy and prosperous one. 



WINTER PLOWING. 

In our last issue we urged that when it became 
too late to sow even rye on land intended to be crop- 
ped next year, that the work of plowing the land 
should not be neglected, and that this plowing should 
be deep, and wherever the subsoil was a good one 
— that is to say, having a clay basis and not leachy — 
this deep plowing should be also supplemented by 
subsoil plowing. In taking up this position we knew 
that we ran counter to the opinion of a very large pro- 
portion of Southern farmers, and we have been criti- 
cized frequently as to the soundness of the advice 
given. This is no new opinion of ours, but one at 
which we have arrived after mature consideration 
and a careful examination of the principle involved, 
and also as the result of practical experience. Those 
who object to the advice mainly base their objections 
on tbe ground that the only value of deep winter 
plowing is that it admits of the frost getting more 
easily and deeply into the land, and thus more com- 
pletely and thoroughly disintegrating the soil, and 



! that as we have, as a rule, only very little hard frost 
I in the South, the benefit to be derived is not commen- 
surate with the labor involved, and that such labor is 
often largely wasted because the land has to be re- 
plowed in the spring before planting can be done. 
If the only value of winter plowing depended upon 
the freedom with which it permitted the action of the 
frost on the land then we should be prepared to grant 
the validity of the objection to it here in the South, 
as we do not usually have frost so severe or so long 
continued except in the higher elevations of these 
States as to be of great value in disintegrating the 
soil. But this action of the frost is in the South one 
of the least important of the benefits which the land 
derives from being deeply broken in the fall and 
winter. Prof. King, who is recognized as one of the 
leading authorities on soil physics m this country, 
says : "Over much of the Atlantic coastal plains and 
those sections of the South south of the old glacial 
borders and back from the Gulf coast east of the Mis- 
sissippi there is probably nothing which tends to de- 
plete the cidtivated fields of their fertility so rapidly 
as surface washing, and how to lessen this or to pre- 
vent it altogether is the most serious practical prob- 
lem of soil management for that whole region. The 
compact, close structure, especially of the surface 
foot of these soils, their imperfect and feeble granu- 
lation, combined with the heavy, intermittent char- 
acter of the rainfall, are the immediate causes of the 
destructive washing." An examination by Prof. 
King of the physical character of these Southern 
soils and those of many Northern soils shows that the 
Southern soils have much less pore space and open- 
ness than is characteristic of the best Northern soils. 
Prof. King says: "This openness of structure in soils 
is an extremely important character, for it determines 
not only their capacities for both air and water, but 
also the freedom and rapidity with which these in- 
dispensable component parts of all fertile soils move 
into and out of the root zone. It even determines in 
a very large measure the depth of the root zone 
itself, and thus the magnitude of the feeding 
area available to -the crops, which, in turn, is 
a prime factor in determining the fertility of all field 
soils. Openness of soil structure and freedom of air 
circulation are recognized by all practical green- 
house men as indispensible prerequisites to successful 
results under their conditions. Not only do the soils 
of the North and ihe South differ in their openness 
of structure, but the soils of the South have a less 
complete and less strong granulation, and these two 
characteristics are extremely important in determin- 



790 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



ing not only the freedom with which both rain and 
air enter and leave the root zone, but at the same time 
they influence the depth to -which roots peentrate the 
3oil. The larger pore space and coarser and stronger 
granulation provide greater capacity and better fa- 
cility for the storing of the rain as rapidly as it falls, 
and as a consequence of this difference in the character 
of the soils in the two contrasted regions, there is bet- 
ter under drainage, less surface washing of fields and 
less loss of water soluble plant food in the North, 
while the roots of crops generally penetrate the soils 
much more deeply than they do in the South. When- 
ever heavy rains fall on the Southern soils under con- 
sideration their close structure and feeble granulation 
result in the surface pores of the soil becoming so 
quickly and extensively closed that the soil air finds 
little opportunity to escape, and yet only so fast as 
it does can the rain enter the soil, and hence during 
heavy rains the water accumulates quickly and ex- 
tensively upon the surface. The result is that the 
surface soil after having lost much of its coarser 
granulation is readily taken up by the water held at 
the surface, and its finer and more valuable portions, 
together with the readily water soluble plant food and 
organic matter are borne away in the surface drain- 
age to the great detriment of the fields. What, then, 
shall be done to establish a deeper openness and a 
coarser and stronger granulation in the soils of the 
South Atlantic and Gulf Coastal plains in order 
that there shall be lest in the surface drainage less of 
the most valuable portions of the surface soil, less of 
the undecomposed organic matter, and less of the 
readily water soluble plant food which collects on the 
immediate surface through rapid evaporation aided 
capillarity? There can he little doubt that deeper 
plowing will not only lessen the tendency of Southern 
soil to wash, but that it will increase their general 
dive capacity. The deeper general plowing at 
frequenl intervals will not only increase the effective 
openness of the soil, but it will greatly aid in develop- 
ing a stronger and better granulation, and both con- 
ditions are necessary to reduce the tendency to wash." 
We have quoted thus at length from Prof. King be- 
cause he states more cogently and succinctly than 
any other authority we know the true principles lin- 
ing the necessity for deep and frequent plowing 
of Southern lands. When can this deep and fre- 
quent plowing of our lands be best done? There 
can be no question that our fine, open winters are the 
best time. The land is then usually in a better me- 
chanical and physical condition for plowing than at 
any other season of the year. It is neither too wet 



nor too dry. A team can do a good day's work with- 
out being punished by the sun, and the man can do 
his duty with less physical discomfort. In this work 
the winter season can be profitably utilized and horses 
and mules instead of eating their heads off in the 
stable can earn their rations and contribute to the 
permanent improvement of the farm. Another great 
and important advantage secured by fall and winter 
plowing is that it enables all of the vegetable matter 
grown on the land in our genial climate in the late 
summer to be turned under when in the best condi- 
tion for adding to the humus content of the soil. 
This addition of organic matter to the soil has great 
influence upon the soil granulation and water holding 
capacity of the soil, and upon these factors largely 
depends the crop feeding capacity of the soil. When 
once a better soil granulation has been established 
and the soil itself filled with vegetable matter, there 
need be no fear that plowing done in the fall and win- 
ter will necessarily have to be done over again in the 
spring before planting can be done. The surface 
may appear baked and dry, but the underlying soil 
and subsoil will be loose and open and working with 
a Disc, Acme, Cutaway or Spading harrow will be all 
that is needed to make a good seed bed. The mois- 
ture content of these fall and winter plowed lands 
will be much higher than those plowed just before 
being planted, and the crop feeding capacity of the 
soil and its availability through a hot, dry summer 
will be much greater. Especially is it important for 
Southern farmers to plow this winter because of the 
present low water content of the land. The rainfall 
through the South has been deficient all the past 
summer, and the soil and subsoil are both dry. This 
is evidenced by the failure of springs and wells 
throughout the section of which we have frequent 
complaint. If no special effort is made to conserve 
the winter and spring rainfall, but it is allowed to 
run off as it falls, which it must and will do unless 
the land is deeply broken, the chance of profitable 
crop production next year is likely to be a slim one. 
Get the teams to work and keep the plows running on 
every fit clay so long as the land is dry enough, and 
the result will be a readiness for crop planting in the 
spring, which will then be appreciated when work 
presses on every hand, and a probability of crop yield, 
which will be appreciated when the time comes to 
harvest the crops. 



TURNIP GROWING IN SCOTLAND. 

We have often been amused hearing farmers say 
that they have grown a good crop of turnips when 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



791 



♦ they have made 200 or 300 hushels to the acre. The 
following report of the results of a turnip growing 
contest in Banffshire, Scotland, just decided will be 
an eye-opener to farmers here as to the possibilities 
of this crop when properly grown in a climate suited 
to its best development. Whilst manv farmers here 
will, no doubt, be inclined to think that there must 
be some mistake in the weights of the crops grown in 
the contest, yet we can assure them this is not so, as 
we have often ourselves grown over thirtv tons of 
Swede turnips (Ruta Bagas) to the acre. The con- 
test reported was entered upon to test the value of 
sulphate of ammonia as an adjunct to farm-yard ma- 
nure, as compared with farm-yard manure alone : 

"The award has now been made in the competition 
held under the auspices of the Central Banffshire 
Farmers' Club for growing turnips with sulphate of 
ammonia. The prizes, given by the Sulphate of Am- 
monia Committee, have been gained as follows: 
Swedes — 1 A. "Wilson, Haughs, weight with am- 
monia, 37 tons 18-4 cwts. per acre; without ammonia, 
30 tons 10J cwts. per acre; 2 L. E. Longmore, Bal- 
davie, with ammonia, 37 tons 14_ cwts; without am- 
monia, 29 tons 24^ cwts. ; 3 R. Allan, Bush, with am- 
monia, 36 tons 3f cwts., without ammonia, 25 tons 
1\ cwts. Yellows — 1 T. Gordon Duff, Drummuir, 
weight with ammonia, 52 tons 114^ cwts. per acre, 
without ammonia, 43 tons 104; cwts; 2 J. Findlay, 
Aberlour Mains, with ammonia, 47 tons 144^ cwts., 
without ammonia, 29 tons 154^ cwts. ; 3 L. Longmore, 
Baldavie, with ammonia, 45 tons 144. cwts., without 
ammonia, 39 tons 104^ cwts. The judges say that 
the crops in general were very healthy; that Swedes 
were not nearly at maturity; and that turnips weigh- 
in 23 pounds were not uncommon." 

The heaviest crop of Swedes (Ruta Bagas) grown 
(37 tons 18-J cwt.) is tbe equivalent of 1,5444 bush- 
els of the standard Virginia weight. The heaviest 
crop of Yellows (turnips such as are commonly 
grown here (52 tons 11| cwt.) is the equivalent of 
2,140? bushels of legal standard Virginia weight. 
It will be seen that the sulphate of ammonia used 
materially increased the yield per acre. We do not 
doubt but that when the Swede crop completed its 
growth that it would exceed the weight per acre of the 
yellow turnips. Swedes will grow much later and 
keep much longer than the yellow turnips. It is 
upon such crops of turnips as these that Scotch and 
English stock breeders keep and feed their prime 
beeves and sheep during the winter months. 



Mention The Planter in corresponding. 



SOME PASSING NOTES. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Your remarks on the manure heap in the Novem- 
ber number should be read more than once by every 
thoughtful Southern farmer. The mischief that has 
been wrought in the South through the improvident 
use of commercial fertilizers has not been due to the 
fertilizers themselves, but to the lack of intelligent 
study of soils and their needs, and the utter lack of 
an intelligent rotation of crops and the maintaining 
of the humus in the soil. And there is right where 
the difference between stable manure and fertilizers 
comes in. It is not in the amount of nitrogen, phos- 
phorus and potassium that are available in the ma- 
nure, but to the maintaining of the nitrifying bac- 
teria and the moisture retaining humus that its spe- 
cial value is due. This is what makes the manure 
so lasting in its effects. But, as we have often said, 
where a farmer cannot feed stock at a profit he can 
come nearer replacing the manure with commercial 
fertilizers if he uses only the mineral forms of pot- 
ash and phosphoric acid to increase the production 
of the legumes. The work at the State Farm of the 
North Carolina Board of Agriculture, in Edgecombe 
county, demonstrated this very plainly, for it was 
shown that a far larger crop of cotton was grown 
after a fertilized crop of burr clover than was pro- 
duced by direct fertilization. When Southern farm- 
ers realize that they are wasting their money in the 
purchase of nitrogen that they could get free, and 
that the true use of fertilizers is to improve the land 
through the increased growth of the legumes, there 
will be perhaps less money spent for fertilizers, and 
more used of a cheaper form, and the resulting crops 
of legume hay will enable them more profitably to 
feed stock. In fact, when a farmer has a great 
store of feed he will be certain to want to feed it, 
and the getting of the feed is the first thing to do, 
and fertilizers properly used will enable him to do 
this and to increase his humus at the same time. An- 
other thing farmers everywhere need to learn, and 
this is that a -manure heap is a bad thing to have, 
and that the only true way to get the best results 
from manure is never to have a heap, but to get it 
out where some plant is waiting for it as fast as it is 
made. My advice about the manure heap, then, is 
never to have one, for no matter if the manure is 
spread on the land and lies there all winter, it will 
do more good and go further than if allowed to waste 
in a heap. 

The advice of the Ohio Station on the use of fer- 
tilizers coincides with what we have been insisting 



792 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



upon for years, a short rotation and plenty of legume 
crops. The sixth section is particularly to be studied. 
If a farmer does not raise manure enough to carry 
out the three year plan of manuring the corn field, 
we agree with the Ohio Station that it is time to 
readjust his system. Then, too, Dr. Thome's fur- 
ther statement as given at the Ohio Fair, shows what 
we have been insisting upon, that a manure heap is 
a bad thing to have when there is nearly $1 differ- 
ence between the value of manure per ton that has 
lain in the barnyard and that which was hauled and 
spread. 

Dr. Kilgore's bulletin on burr clover is worth a 
stud v. Burr clover being a sort of annual alfalfa 
(Medicago denticulata) } it was to be presumed that 
the bacteria that lives on its roots would also live on 
alfalfa. Then as the burr-like seed carries the 'bac- 
teria of the burr clover, it becomes an easy matter to 
inoculate land for alfalfa by a preceding crop of burr 
clover. The demonstration of this fact is one of the 
most valuable recent contributions to the culture of 
alfalfa. 

We have seen what Mr. Blacknall has done, and 
the strawberries he grows on what were extremely 
poor hillsides, and his experience adds a testimony 
to the value of the cow pea. 

You are right in telling Mr. Ingham that currants 
and gooseberries are useless in the South. I had 
some, years ago, at the Station farm, and finally dug 
them up. In my home garden I had a gooseberry 
bush that grew and flourished finely, and in six years 
gave me one gooseberry. They invariably bloom 
here in the winter and get killed, and if they did not 
do this they would fail from mildew. Mr. Ingham 
thinks that low headed trees could not be cultivated. 
Inasmuch as there is not a particle of need for culti- 
vation closer than the extremity of the limbs where 
the feeding roots are, this is hardly an objection, and 
low trees are essential to success in the South. We 
head nil our trees twenty inches from the ground. 
After an apple orchard gets Avell grown there is no 
further need for cultivation if the grass is kept mown 
and used as a mulch. I have been advocating this 
for thirty years, and of late it has been discovered 
to L<' an entirely new idea that some Ohio growers 
have adopted and are succeeding with. I think that 
it was the Rural New Yorker that recently published 
cuts showing one of these low headed and mulched 
trie-, with limbs sweeping the ground, and another 
cut showing what the writer seemed to think a model 
tree with a tall stem, and the suggestion was: "Which 
would you take." I would certainly take the tree 



with the limbs touching the ground as the best tree £- 
in every respect. 

Now, as to the influence of the Stock on the graft, 
I do not believe that the stock does anything but en- 
able the graft to get food from the soil, and to grow, 
and its subsequent growth covers the stock with new 
layers of growth of whatever the top is. A pear on 
quince roots overlays the quince with successive layers 
of pear growth, and a longitudinal section will show 
that the pear growth is perfectly continuous clear to 
the remotest rootlet. Pear leaves cannot elaborate 
anything but pear sap, and they do not form any more 
quince cells. There may be an adventitious bud on 
the quince root, and if this is allowed to grow and 
make leaves there will be more quince roots formed, 
but if there is no growth above except pear, the sub- 
sequent growth will be pear and not quince on root 
as well as top. I stated this at the Roanoke meeting 
of your Horticultural Society, and one gentleman 
said that he had cherries on mazzard stocks that made 
mazzard sprouts thirty feet from the stem. I do 
not doubt this, for in all probability they had been 
allowed to make sprouts from the first, and the maz- 
zard sprouts made mazzard roots to sprout more. But i 
where no growth is made from the stock there can be 
nothing but what the top is, for roots are the product 
of stems. W. F. Massey, 

Editor of Practical Farmer. 



REPORT ON INOCULATION OF SOY BEANS AND 
OTHER LEGUMES ARTIFICIALLY. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

The land upon which the beans grew is miserably 
poor, having been planted in corn continuo\isly by a 
former tenant for years without any manure or fer- 
tilizer applied. I am quite certain that soja beans 
had never before been grown upon it, therefore no 
chance for the bacteria to be naturally in the soil. 
The soil is a sandy loam, with subsoil of yellowish 
color. The beans were drilled in rows three feet 
wide, with a small quantity of 8.1.1 fertilizer mixed 
with some hen manure and loam, perhaps of the 
mixture 200 pounds to the acre. Soil was treated as 
directed by the Department of Agriculture, soaking 
for a short while in mixture, balance of water was 
mixed with the above composition of fertilizer and 
drilled upon the plants at first working, cxdtivator 
following immediately after covering. The season 
has been a most propitious one for a luxuriant 
growth. The best land had the most luxuriant 
growth. On the poorest parts there were few no- 



1904. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



7^3 



chiles on the roots. A neighbor who grows these 
beans every year had a beautiful field, the roots cov- 
ered with large nodules. He says he never fails to 
find them, though without inoculation. Of the yield 
of beans I cannot say. 

Canada Peas. — Wet spring prevented sowing. 

Xavv Beans. — Used the bacteria in the same way 
as for the soy beans. Result negative. Much same 
quality of land. Could find no nodules. 

Cow Peas. — On land where this crop had been 
grown last year sown at last working of the corn and 
manured the growth was luxuriant and many no- 
dules. On poor land, very poor crop. A good many 
died after coming up, without sign of nodules. 

Butter Beans. — Two rows luxuriant ; very produc- 
tive. On poor land crop very poor. 

Eed Clover. — This was on a piece of new ground. 
Two houses had stood upon part of the land, and 
there the clover was good and had nodules. Very 
patcby elsewhere. The bacteria was applied to all the 
crops in the same way as described for the soy beans. 
Soy beans invariably seem to answer on this land. 
Whether the bacteria increased the growth is hard to 
say. From my neighbors' experience I think the soy 
bacteria must be already in his soil. 

Henrico Co., Va. John Cowen. 



ENQUIRERS' COLUMN. 



Enquiries should be sent to the office of The Souther* 
Plantkr, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of th< 
month for replies to appear in the next month's issue. 



We bave several letters containing enquiries to 
which answers are desired to which the names and 
addresses of the senders are not signed. In accord- 
ance with our rule, these are not answered. As an 
evidence of good faith and for our own protection, 
all letters sending enquiries must be signed by the 
writers and their addresses be given. If the writers 
do not desire their names published we are always 
glad to oblige them, leaving them free to sign with 
an assumed name or initials. — Ed. 



Thistles. 

A subscriber asked us recently how to get rid of 
thistles. We replied we knew of no way but cutting 
them down and preventing seeding. We asked for 
the opinion of others on the subject. One gentle- 
man writes us: "Cut them off with the hoe twice a 
year and never let them seed. Have killed fields of 
them in this wav." — Ed. 



Charges for Sale of Live Stock. 

Replying to an enquiry as to the charges on the 
sale of live stock at the Pittsburg market, we pub- 
lish the following information supplied to us by the 
Secretary of the Live Stock Exchange, Pittsburgh : 
LIVE STOCK. 

YARDAGE CHARGES AND COMMISSION RATES. 

Per head. 

Cattle, yardage and scale 15 

Hogs, yardage and scale 6 

Sheep, yardage and scale 6 

Calves, yardage and scale 8 

Eeed — Corn, $1.25 per bushel; Hay, $1.50 per 
hundredweight. 

Commission for selling live stock shall not be less 
than the following rates : 

Cattle, per car load $10 00 

Hogs, per double deck 10 00 

Hogs, per single deck 6 00 

Sheep and lambs, per double deck 10 00 

Sheep and lambs, per single deck 6 00 

Two single decks when billed as a double deck 10 00 

Calves, per double deck 15 00 

Calves, per single deck 8 00 

Fresh cows, less than car load lots shipped or 
driven in (not mixed cars), 75c. per head; mixed 
cars, 50c. per head for cattle up to 10 cattle, and $5 
for the balance of car. 

When a part of a car is double decked and loaded 
with sheep or hogs, the commission on such car shall 
be in proportion to the single deck rate not to exceed 
$10.00. 



Growing Onions from Plants. 

Kindly answer the following questions. Wish to 
plant a half acre in Yellow Globe Danvers onions 
from spts grown in cool frame covered with sash : 

1. Will cool frame answer or must I sow in hot 
bed ? 

2. How much seed will it require to raise enough 
sets for a half acre sown under 9 3x6 sash ? 

3. What time must seed be sown, and when must 
sets be transplanted ? . 

4. What kind of fertilizer must be used, and how 
much ? Land was previously planted in sweet pota- 
toes and sugar corn, and was then covered with well 
rotted stable manure and plowed down. 

Lunenhurrj Co., Va. Simon Zirknitzer. 

We understand our enquirer to mean that he 
wishes to grow the onions from seed, not "sets." He 
uses the word "sets," but from the context we take 
it he means "plants," and so reply. We would say 
at the outset that we think it probable he would find 



794 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[December, 



Pearl or Southport White Globe better varieties to 
grow in the way proposed than Yellow Danvers. 

1. Yes, we think cool frames will answer. The 
plants should be ready by the time the weather is 
warm enough to grow them outdoors. 

S. About one pound of seed will be required. The 
half acre will require about G0,000 plants to set it, 
and a pound of seed should grow this number. 

3. Sow the seed in the middle of February and 
commence to set out the plants in April if the season 
is a favorable one. They should be about as thick 
as a pencil then, and should be well hardened off be- 
fore being set out. Make the rows twelve inches 
apart, and set the plants four inches apart in the 
rows. 

4. You should apply about 500 pounds of fertil- 
izer to the half acre in addition to the manure you 
have already applied. Make this 500 pounds of the 
following ingredients: 50 pounds nitrate of soda, 200 
pounds cotton seed meal,- 200 poiinds acid phosphate, 
50 pounds of muriate of potash. — Ed. 



Sow Failing to Breed. 

I have a Berkshire sow 11 months old last Christ- 
mas, weighing 200 pounds then and fat. She far- 
rowed with difficulty; pigs came dead; since then she 
has been in a lot with a fine boar, but has not become 
with pig, notwithstanding she has been served almost 
weekly by tho boar. No question about the male's 
fertility. The sow is not too fat. Would be glad to 
have your advice in the matter. Subscriber. 

Halifax Co., Va. 

We think it likely that the sow was injured by 
the difficult farrowing of the first litter, and if this be 
so, it is not probable that she will ever breed again. 
The only suggestion we can make likely to help 
would be to take the. sow away from the boar for a 
couple of months, and then let her be served once 
only. If she then fails to breed make her into meat. 
—Ed. 



Corn and Annual Clover. 

In your October number yon answered my inquiry 
about corn. I would like to ask a few more ques- 
tions. You say 300 pounds of acid phosphate and 
50 pounds of muriate of potash per acre, and the next 
year follow with 50 bushels of lime. Do you mean 
not to put anything else but the lime? Or do you 
mean put 50 pounds of potash ? Ploasp let me know 
if you think this is full quantity of fertilizer to get 
the best results. J. L. Camp. 

^'oufharnpton Co., Va. 

We believe that with the application of the acid 



phosphate and potash one year and the lime alone th« 
next and the plowing down each year of a crop of 
crimson clover, you will be able to continue your 
system for years without depleting the fertility of the 
land. By heavier fertilizing for the corn crop, say 
with barnyard manure or with a complete fertilizer, 
say 300 pounds of acid phosphate and 50 pounds of 
muriate of potash at the planting of the crop and a 
top dressing of 100 pounds of nitrate of soda after 
the crop has commenced to grow, you could no doubt 
increase the yield of the corn crop, but except with 
barnyard manure we doubt whether it would be done 
profitably. We rarely find fertilizers profitable on 
corn. — Ed. 



Improving Land for Peanuts and Corn. 

What kind of chemicals ought I to use on my land 
to increase the yield of corn and peanuts ? My land 
is not hard and stiff nor do we call it sandy land. 
In digging holes in the ground I find when I get 12 
or 15 inches I come to clay. We use marl, as lime 
costs so much, and I wish you would say what I 
ought to use and how much to put to the acre and 
how it ought to be applied and what time of year and 
where I can bmy the chemicals, and about what they 
will cost me per ton. Would it pay to subsoil light 
or sandy land ? S. B. Edwards. 

Surry Co., Va. 

What the farmers in the peanut sections of the 
S,tate most need in order to enable them to get heavier 
yields of nuts and better crops of corn is a longer 
rotation of crops on the land. The growing of pea- 
nuts and corn in succession year after year has caused 
the natural humus of the soil to be so burnt out of the 
land that it has become in many cases little more 
than a sand bed. The physical and mechanical con- 
dition of the soil is so deteriorated that it is impos- 
sible to make the yields which should be made. In 
addition to this the natural supplies of the mineral 
fertilizers have also been so depleted that the small 
annual applications made of mixed commercial fer- 
tilizers fails to give the needed support to the crop. 
The fertility is unbalanced, and only such a yield 
is possible as can find food sufficient in the least 
abundant of the mineral supplies of plant food. To 
correct these deficiencies the land should have a dress- 
ing of lime at the rate of 25 bushels to the acre or a 
corresponding heavy marling. This will improve 
the physical condition of the soil by making it more 
cohesive and capable of holding fertility. Where 
land has been in peanuts it should be followed by a 
crop of crimson clover and wheat, oats and rye mixed. 
This crop will gi^e good, early spring grazing for 



1904. 



THE SOTTTHEKN PLANTER 



795 



| hogs and calves, and should be plowed down and fol- 
lowed by corn. At 1he last working of the corn sow 
crimson clover, and in the spring plow this down and 
prepare and plant the land in sweet potatoes and then 
sow crimson clover to cover the land in winter, to be 
plowed down in the spring and be followed 
with peanuts again. As to the fertilizer to 
be used. A crop of peanuts of 60 bushels to 
the acre requires for its production 85 pounds of 
nitrogen, 15 pounds of phosphoric acid, 32 pounds 
of potash, and 46 pounds of lime. A large part of 
the nitrogen required is obtained by the plant from 
the atmosphere, but the other constituents must be 
got from the soil, and if not already there in 
avilable form, must be supplied in the fertilizer. The 
following formula will meet the requirements of the 
crop : 80 pounds of 14 per cent, acid phosphate, 300 
pounds of cotton seed meal, and 65 pounds of mu- 
riate of potash. These ingredients can all be bought 
in Norfolk from parties whose advertisements will 
be found in this issue of The Planter, Messrs. 
Percy L. Banks and T. C. Andrews & Co., They 
will gladly quote you prices. As the prices vary in 
the market from day to day it is useless for us to 
quote you. In addition to the fertilizer used on the 
peanuts, we would advise the use of 300 pounds of 
acid phosphate on the crimson clover crop to ensure 
a good growth and thus help the corn crop. 

It is doubtful whether it would pay to subsoil 
sandy land where the clay is so far below it as you 
describe. It might be worth while to try the ex- 
periment on a small plot. If there is a hard pan 
anywhere under the land it would pay to break this 
with the subsoiler and thus be able to increase the 
depth of soil and feeding area of the crop. — Ed. 



covered with shingles, the building underpinned with 
brick or stone. The house should be built tight, so 
as to be dark and be kept clean. Smoke slowly so 
that the meat will not get warm, and smoke two or 
three weeks, or until the meat is colored to suit. 
Meat should lay in salt from three to five weeks, ac- 
cording to size of meat. Pork should never freeze. 
Never use lightwood to smoke with. 

J. O. Thomas. 



Smoke House— Curing and Smoking Meat. 

Will you please advise in regard to building a 
smoke house and salting and smoking meat? How 
large should a smoke house be, say to smoke from 
30 to 40 hogs, and how long shonld meat stay in 
salt before smoking, and how long ought it to be 
smoked ? Eked. Beech, 

Manager for David Dunlop. 

Charles City' Co., Va. 

We asked our friend, Mr. J. O. Thomas, of Smith- 
field, the most successful curer of Virginia hams, for 
his views on this subject. He writes us as follows, 
for which we tender our thanks: 

A smoke house to hold the meat of 40 hogs, I think, 
should be 14 feet square, 12 feet pitch — that is, 12 
feet from the sills to top of plates, with sharp roof 



Corn Stalks. 

How is the best way to handle a heavy growth of 
corn stalks ? By plowing them in or cut them down 
and allow them to remain on the land for fertilizer ? 
I would like to know the best way to get clear of 
them for next year's crop. J. L. Camp. 

Southampton Co., Va. 

This is a problem that is difficult of solution for 
your section. No doubt the proper way to handle the 
stalks is to cut the corn down at the roots and run the 
crop through the busker and shredder and feed the 
shredded fodder to stock. But in sections like yours, 
where the tall Southern corn grows so luxuriently, 
nnd where not STrfficient stock is kept to consume the 
fodder, it becomes a problem how best to get rid of 
the stalks. They ought to be returned to the land 
in some form. There is a machine on the market 
for breaking down and cutting up the corn stalks so 
that they can be conveniently plowed under. Per- 
haps this would help you. — Ed. 



Lime for Corn Land— Paragon Chestnuts. 

1. I have a piece of land that I had in corn this 
year, and wish to put it in corn next year. Will 
lime be all right to use on it, say twenty-five or 
thirtv bushels per acre, or ought I to use more ? I 
also have a quantity of stable manure that I want 
to put on it, will it do well to use them together? 

2. Where can I get the Paragon chestnut scions for 
grafting perposes, and will they do well in this coun- 
try ? J. G. Cox. 

Carroll Co., Va. 

1. It is poor farming to follow corn with corn. 
Not until Southern farmers learn to practice rotations 
suited to the section in which they farm will they 
succeed as they ought to do. No land, however good, 
ought ever to grow the same crop two years in suc- 
cession. It means impoverishment of the natural 
fertility of the land, however the land may be arti- 
ficially supplied with food. If your land has not 
been limed recently it will very likely respond to an 
application of lime given at the rate you suggest. 
This lime will improve the mechanical and physical 



796 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



condition of the soil and will release and make avail- 
able natural fertility inherent in it. The land should 
be plowed at once and the lime be applied as soon as 
plowed and be harrowed in lightly. In the spring 
just before planting the corn you may apply the 
stable manure without fear of loss, but if applied at 
the same time as the lime or even shortly afterwards 
much of the nitrogen in the manure will be lost. 

2. We believe Messrs. W. T. Hood & Co., Nursery- 
men, of this city, whose advertisement you will find 
in The Planter, have the Paragon chestnut, and 
can possibly supply you with scions. It is said to 
do well here. — Ed. ( 



[December, 



Diarrhoea in Chickens. 

Can you tell me what will prevent young chicks 
from getting the diarrhoea ? I have trouble with 
them when they get two days old. 

Gloucester Co., N. J. Fred. Schwarz. 

Diarrhoea in young chickens is almost invariably 
caused by cold and damp or by injudicious feeding. 
Young chickens must be kept both warm and dry if 
they are to succeed in making the race for life. 
Feeding wet and sloppy feed is also a prime cause of 
this disease. Oatmeal grits, or cracked wheat or 
rice are the best feeds for young chicks. These 
should be varied with wheat bread crumbs soaked in 
milk and squeezed nearly dry and fed fresh. Sour 
food of any kind will also produce diarrhoea and other 
troubles. Let them have plenty of grit and a little 
bone meal in their food once a week. — Ed. 

Artichokes. 

Can I plant artichokes after Irish potatoes? My 
intention is to plant the potatbes at the end of Feb- 
ruary or beginning "f March and after digging, about 
May. to plant the artichokes in the same ground. 
Would you advise to use fertilizer before I plant 
artichokes ? A Subscriber. 

Bedford Co., Va. 

It will b° too late to plant artichokes after Irish po- 
tatoes are dug. Artichokes should be planted in 
March or April at the latest. — Ed. 



Preparing for Alfalfa. 

Wo have an old meadow on our farm which has 
beon neglected for twenty years or more. It is bot- 
tom land with a good-sized stream of water running 
through it, and has been producing the poorest qual- 
ity of hay, most of it being wire grass. Its area is 
about 51 acres, and it is about 1,000 feet above sea 
level. T have tile drained along the foot of the hill 
and from the low, wet spots, and wish to plow it up 



and put it in corn in the spring with the idea of fol- (H 
lowing it with alfalfa. When we bought the farm 
two years ago I planted a small experimental patch 
of alfalfa with a worse crop of Avheat (through igno- 
rance), but in spite of this and no attention the first 
season I have secured a good stand, which I cut three 
times this season. 

This meadow land is sour, and I wish to lime it 
well. Will you kindly give me your opinion on the 
following points: 

1. If I succeed :n getting the land plowed by the 
first of January, should I lime it immediately or 
wait until spring? 

2. Will 50 bushels per acre be sufficient ? 

3. Will land plaster in same nuantity be as effec- 
tive as lime, cost not considered ? 

4. What quantity and kind of fertilizer should be 
used ? 

5. Will burr clover planted at the last working of 
the corn produce a sufficient stand to turn under in 
the fall ? 

6. If clover is turned under will it sufficiently in- 
oculate the land without sowing soil infected with 
alfalfa bacteria ? 

7. Will this land carefully prepared and cultivated 
for the corn, plowed up in the fall and disced, say 1 
four times the following' spring and seeded and rolled 

be in fit condition to produce alfalfa or should it be 
cropped another season ? 

8. When the alfalfa is sown should the land be 
limed again or fertilized ? 

0. To turn to another subject. Can brood sows 
and pigs be carried to advantage through the winter 
months on a diet of ensilage, either corn silage or a 
mixed ration without other feed. 

J. V. L. Rinahard, Supt. of Property. 
Aur/vsta Co., Va. 

1 . Lime the land as soon as plowed. 

2. Yes. 

3. No. You want the carbonate of lime, not the 
sulphate. 

4. We doubt very much Avhether the use of any 
fertilizer would be profitable on the corn crop. Of 
course you might by the use of fertilizer, say 300 
pounds of acid phosphate per acre, applied broadcast 
a few weeks before planting the corn and a top dress- 
ing of 100 pounds of nitrate of soda applied to the 
corn just after it had commenced to' grow largely in- 
crease the yield of corn, but it is very questionable 
whether this could be done with profit. Our expe- 
rience always has been that the use of fertilizer on { 
corn is rarely profitable. This land well limed 
should make a good crop of corn without anything 
else added. 

5. No. This clover should stand a year to make 



1904. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



797 



a cover sufficient to make any improvement in the 
> land. 

6. It would if the clover stood until the early fall 
of the following year, but not otherwise. As you 
have a field of alfalfa you can easily inoculate the 
land with soil from this field. 

7. This depends on whether the land is badly in- 
fested with weeds. If so, it should be cropped an- 
other year and be fertilized with barnyard manure, 
if possible, and 300 pounds of acid phosphate per 
acre. If the land is clean when the corn crop 
comes off plow and work well during the fall and 
winter, and in the spring apply 300 to 500 pounds 
of bone meal to the acre, and sow the alfalfa bacteria 
and then the alfalfa. No further lime need be ap- 
plied. In your section we think it will be safer to sow 
the alfalfa in the spring rather than the fall, unless 
the seed can be got in in August. 

8. See last answer. We do not think you need to 
apply any potash in your section in the fertilizer 
used at any time. The lime will make available the 
potash naturally in your soil. 

9. No. This experiment has been tried. They 
cannot eat enough of the food to meet requirements. 
It is useful as an addition to the ration, but the sows 
and pigs should have other grain feed, the best being 
a mixture of ship stuff and a few peas. — Ed. 



up to become fitted to give up its plant food the first 
year. Better plow the land 6 inches deep and sub- 
soil another 6 inches and then sow the velvet beans 
with some acid phosphate applied broadcast, say 300 
pounds to the acre. Let this plowing and subsoiling 
be done at once, so that the weather may have time to 
act on the subsoil brought up. In plowing with the 
turning plow do not turn the furrows right over, but 
leave on edge and thus permit of the mixing of the 
surface and subsoil by harrowing. Harrow well 
and make fine before seeding the beans. Let the 
vines mature well before turning them down, and 
then the year following you should have a piece of 
land capable of making a fair corn crop. — Ed. 



Improving Land in Alabama. 

I own a forty acre lot in Southern Alabama, in 
what is known as the long leaf pine belt. Top soil is 
about three to four inches deep (sandy loam), with 
a red clay subsoil. 1 am having the land cleared of 
stumps, etc., and was about to adopt the following 
method to put the land in proper trim for any kind 
of crop : 

First. To turn over top soil with turning plow, 
and have subsoil plough follow to a depth of 10 or 12 
inches, and fertilize and plant, but have been ad- 
vised to use a turning plough only and plough to a 
depth of ten inches, turning top soil under and then 
fertilize and sow to velvet beans, and when the beans 
are ripe to gather the seed and plow the vines under, 
bringing the original top soil to the surface again. 

The idea is to dispense with the subsoil plow in 
order to save the price of the plow, and also to save 
cost of extra man and horses to operate it. I want 
to make the land good enough to grow anything. 
Please advise me through the columns of Planter 
bow to proceed to obtain the best results. 

Pullman, III. Backward. 

We doubt very much your being able to grow a good 
crop of velvet beans on this land by plowing the land 
10 inches deep and then fertilizing and seeding the 
beans. There will be too much of the subsoil turned 



Red Clover— Lawn Grass. 

I have been„an interested reader of your valuable 
journal for about a year now, and feel that I have 
been greatly benefited. Please answer the following 
questions through your next issue : 

1. Is it possible to get a stand of red clover sown 
about the 15th of October on land pretty well adapt- 
ed to that legume ? 

2. What is the best method to follow in order to 
get a stand of grass on a lawn where there are oak 
trees, the kind of grass most adapted, and the most 
suitable time to sow ? Subscriber. 

Pittsylvania Co., Va. 

1. If the winter should be a mild one it may be pos- 
sible to secure a stand of clover in your section sown 
as late as October 15th, especially if lightly top 
dressed with barnyard manure. If the winter be se- 
vere this is doubtful. Red clover should be sown in 
the fall not later than September, and better in 
August, so that it may get good root hold before 
frost. 

2. Grass seeded for a lawn should be sown in 
August or September, and the land should be well 
prepared and made as fine and rich as possible with 
barnyard manure and bone meal before seeding. 
Sow at least two bushels of seed per acre. The best 
varieties to seed for this purpose under shade of trees 
are Wood Meadow Grass, Virginia Blue Grass and 
Perennial Rye Grass. — Ed. 

Fumigating Stable and Barn. 

I have thought of fumigating my stable and barn 
by burning sulphur in it, but as I have a lot of fod- 
der and hay stored in the loft, I want to ask you if 
the fumes would ruin the feed ? E. C. L. 

Albemarle Co., Va. 

No; we dont think the fumes would in any way 
injure the feed. It would, no doubt, make it smell 
for a time, but this would pass off. — Ed. 



798 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



Trucking;, Garden and Orchard. 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 

The fine, open weather we have had during No- 
vember has permitted of the planting out of large 
areas of cabbages for the spring crop, and these are 
now making quite as much growth as is desirable. 
When cabbage plants become too much grown in the 
early winter they rarely winter well. They should 
just get good root hold of the ground ahead of the 
frost and then they are ready to grow right away 
when the spring opens. Where the work of planting 
the cabbages has not been completed it should be 
pushed on at once to completion or frost may largely 
delay it and cause a late crop, which never sells well. 
Do not spare the manure or fertilizer. Make the 
land rich and work it well. In our last issue will 
be found advice as to the fertilizer to use in addition 
to manure. 



Lettuce plants should be set out in the cold frames 
as fast as the plants are ready. Never set lettuce 
plants in the old soil of the frames, as it is very likely 
to cause rot. Fill them with new compost, clean, 
friable and rich in plant food. Where the plants are 
already set out they should have plenty of air given 
all fine days, but be kept covered at night, and mats 
and straw should be handy to cover the frames in 
case of severe frost. 



Provision should be made for protecting cabbage 
and lettuce plants in the seed bed in the event of se- 
vere frost. Pine branches put around the beds and 
in amongst the plants and a little straw thrown over 
these is usually sufficient in this latitude to save them 
from serious injury. 



In Tidewater and Southside Middle Virgina and 
Eastern and Middle North Carolina Irish potatoes 
may be planted in this month for a very early crop. 
This crop requires special planting. The rows should 
be opened very deep, and the bottom of the rows be 
broken loose with the cultivator and a good potato 
fertilizer be mixed with the soil. The sets should 
then be dropped in and be covered with a light cov- 
ing of soil, and this be covered with a thick coat of 
manure, and then soil be plowed on to this in a ridge 
over the potatoes. This ridge should be harrowed 
down in the early spring. 



ONIONS FROM SETS AND SEEDS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

To-day (October 10th) I am planting my last lot 
of onion sets. A few of the Early Queen sets were 
planted in September. These we are now setting are 
the Yellow Potato onion. These will give us green 
bunching onions nearly as early as the Queen, and 
they differ from the sets grown from seed in that they 
will make a good, mature onion if not sold green, 
while the sets raised from seed are very apt to run to 
seed and become worthless. There is still plenty of 
time for planting the Potato onion. It is quite 
hardy, and winters well. We set them in shallow 
furrows, and then throw two light furrows over them 
so as to form a ridge. This is for winter protection. 
In the early spring this ridge is pulled away, leaving 
the onions to bulb nearly on top of the ground. They 
will go into bunches as soon as about the size of one's 
thumb. The soil where we are setting these onions 
is a strong clayey loam, and not the best soil for 
onions if Ave could do better, for we would prefer a 
sandy loam for this crop. The potato onion is the 
only one we grow mature onions from for the use of 
sets. It multiplies at the base and makes no seed, 
and therefore must be grown from sets. For a ripe 
crop of other onions we always use the seed in the 
spring. The potato onion makes the earliest mature 
onion on the market, but as it is not a good keeper 
it must be sold before the northern seed crop onions 
come in. The piece of land we are setting to potato 
onions is as we have said a strong clay loam. The 
onion, like all other bulbs, is fond of potash, and in 
order to do its best must have an abundance of this 
material at hand. Happening to have a lot of to- 
bacco dust, which is rich in potash, we have given the 
onion land a dressing at rate of about a ton per acre. 
In addition to this the furrows get about 500 pounds 
per acre of a mixture made up of 900 pounds of acid 
phosphate, 700 pounds of cotton seed meal and 400 
pounds of muriate of potash to make a ton. This is 
our general formula for garden vegetables, and we 
have not yet found anything in the shape of a com- 
mercial fertilizer equal to it. We have found the 
same well adapted to the tobacco crop by changing 
eottou seed meal to dried blood and the muriate of 
potash to the high grade sulphate. But for growing 
a crop of onions to market in a cured state we would 
never use the sets. It was formerly the notion that 
good onions could not be produced in the South in 



1904. 



THE SOUTHEBN PLANTER 



799 



»ne season from seed, but that it was necessary to use 
*he sets. This is altogether a mistake, for we can 
grow as good ripe onions in the South from the seed 
the first season as can he grown anywhere. The 
difficulty heretofore has been that the growers fol- 
lowed too closely the Northern methods and sowed 
the seed too late so that they ripened into sets instead 
of onions. Given a good warm sandy loam and 
about 1.200 pounds per acre of the fertilizers men- 
tioned above and the seed sown as early as the ground 
can be gotten into good order, and the plants well 
thinned and properly cultivated, we can grow as fine 
crops of onions in the South as can be grown else- 
where. In all the coastal plan in the South Atlantic 
slope there are thousands of acres of black, peaty 
soils that have been reclaimed from the great swamps 
which, when well underdrained, will make the finest 
of onion land, and there are few market garden crops 
that will prove more profitable. 

To grow onion sets from seed, select a piece of 
warm, sandy soil of fair fertility, and sow in April, 
without fertilizing, at rate of about 60 pounds of 
seed per acre. In fact, fill the shallow furrows 
marked out with a garden plow one-third full of the 
seed, so that the young bulbs will be badly crowded 
and kept small. These are ripe in July, and should i 
be stored with their dry tops on, as any onion will 
keep better with the top left on. Clean out and plant 
these sets from September to last of October for early 
green bunching onions only. The best variety for 
this purpose is the Queen, sometimes called the Pearl. 
This is a very early bunching onion, and we fre- 
quently have them ready for market late in Feb- 
ruary. They must all be used or sold before the last 
of April, as they rapidly run to seed and become 
worthless as the weather gets warm, while the potato* 
onion makes a fully matured crop. Home grown 
sets are better than those from the North, as they 
ripen earlier in the summer and start earlier in the 
fall. W. F. Massey. 



RANDOM THOUGHTS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Before another issue of the Planter appears one 
more mile post will be past, one more harvest season 
will bave come and gone. How much better off are 
we ? How much effort have we put f ortb ? How 
much have we learned during the year ? Balance ac- 
counts now and try to settle up with the world. The 
year has not been a good one for the Virginia or- 
•hardists, while the "general" farmer has been more 



successful. All have had some success, for which we 
should be thankful, and all have made some failures. 
from which we should learn important lessons. 

After settling up with the old year, plans should 
be made at once for the new one, while lessons learn- 
ed from the old are fresh in our minds. After fin- 
ishing an Agricultural College Course, teaching in a 
college, conducting, scientific investigations along 
Horticultural, Entomological and Mycological lines, 
and then returning to my farm three years ago for re- 
newal of boyhood strength and energy, I find that 
my brain capacity has never been taxed more than it 
is on the farm. Young men, you have a lesson to 
learn. Start to the Agricultural College at the open- 
ing of the term first of next January to make prepa- 
ration for your life work. Brain work pays far bet- 
ter than muscle work. 

There are tools on the farm that need repairs. 
There are buildings to be repaired, orchards to prune 
and clean up, and spraying machinery to put in or- 
der. All these things we can do while the winter 
winds sweep across the fields. But the rush of farm 
work is over, and the farmer will spend much time 
with the family around the hearthstone or heater. 
In the afternoon late the children will come home 
from school with their books, slates and pencils. 
Will the father help them with their hard example? 
and difficult lessons ? This is the most important 
crop that grows on the farm, and should have the best 
of attention. The farmer himself might spend val- 
uable time in reading the Farmers' bulletins issued 
by the United States Department of Agriculture or 
by taking some Farmers' reading course, such as that 
issued by Cornell University. His mind develop- 
ment is his bank account. Mind training can be 
turned into money, and it saves money. If we do 
not read during the winter months the year is apt to 
pass by and leave us with but little mental improve- 
ment. The growing season is too inviting for us to 
be among the stock, in the meadows, grain fields and 
orchards for us to sit down and be contented with a 
book. Now all is changed, and let us "have school" 
at home. . E. H. Price. 

Montgomery Co., Ya. 



RESULTS WITH JAPAN PLUM ORCHARD IN 
CONNECTICUT. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I promised to give results of my 1,425 Japanese 
plum orchard, and here it is. The orchard covers 
five and one-half acres, the trees are set 12 feet apart 



800 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



in true rows at right angles: 100 Red Junes, 725 
Burbanks, 500 Abundance, and 100 Wickson's. The 
first year after setting they blossomed full, but were 
frost killed. The second year they blossomed full 
again and produced 500 large baskets. The third 
year the blossoms were full, and the trees produced 
1,500 large baskets. The fourth year the blossoms 
were full, but frost cut all fruit off. The fifth year 
the blossom were full and the trees produced 3,000 
large baskets. 

The plums, when allowed to fully ripen on the 
trees and sold in the home market, brougt an average 
of about 45 cents per basket, but when picked 
greener, which is necessary for outside market, the 
net price was less, so that results were about as fol- 
lows : 

Total labor for the 3,000 baskets, fertilizers, etc. : 

Cost of fertilizers $ 50 00 

Cost of sowing 3 00 

Cost of cultivation 24 00 

Cost of thining plums 50 00 

Cost of baskets and covers 125 00 

Cost of picking plums . . 75 00 

Cost of transportation, team, etc 48 00 



Net receipts $375 00 

So far as I can see I came out square, the second 
and third year gave about the same results. I think 
if I had but 200 to 500 trees, just what I could han- 
dle myself with the aid of some light help, and the 
plums could be allowed to ripen more fully and with 
a home market, I could have done very well. The 
difficulty with my plums is they mature too quick. 
The Wickson's are the best in that respect; with 
them you have ten days to two weeks to handle the 
crop, but they are shy bearers. One has hardly a 
week with the Red June, Burbanks and Abundance, 
and a storm or two mixed in at that, as I had this 
year, limits the time. The only relief there was in 
the time of these plums was one week's difference in 
time of ripening, but for that I could not have han- 
dled half the crop. Yours truly, 

Tligganum, Comi. Geo. M. Ci.ark. 



PICKING PEACHES. 

Mr. R. IT. Prick, Blaclcsburg, Va.: 

Dear Sir, — I have read with much interest your 
article in Southern Planter. Especially the one 
in the November number, in answer to M. B. Lang- 
horn, Albemarle county. Va. I live near the Geor- 
gia line, and in what is now becoming a great peach 



producing section. There are within six or seven 
miles of me thirteen peach orchards, all Elbertas, 
most of them bear this year for the first time, and 
for lack of knowledge, as how to handle the peaches, 
many of them did not get much out of their orchards. 
Let the peaches get too ripe and then hauled to de- 
pot in road wagons. There are several nurseries 
here, where Elberta peach trees, June buds, can be 
bought for $3 per hundred. Yours truly, 

Cleveland, Tenn. Henry D. Atre. 

I am very glad to get your letter, stating that the 
Elberta has borne well in your section of Tennessee, 
which is just as I expected. We are going to fruit 
it successfully on the dry, rolling, sandy loam soils 
of Virginia also, so that when your crop is gone we 
will follow with solid train loads from Virginia and 
further up in Tennessee. 

The fact that June budded trees can be purchased 
so low as three cents a piece by the hundred, in your 
locality, will be a revelation to many of our growers, 
who are used to paying from ten to fifteen cents per 
tree. If these small trees are managed carefully 
next spring so as to get the "crown" properly started, 
I like them quite well, but most of our growers er- 
roneously suppose that the largest trees are the best. 
I am not at all surprised that your orchardists 
made failures in their first shipments by letting the 
peaches get too ripe. That is the usual result of the 
efforts of beginners. When shipping peaches my- 
self while Horticulturist of an Experiment Station, 
I sent trial packages of my peaches in different de- 
crees of ripeness to my commission house and asked 
them which packages they preferred. After getting 
this information, I had no further trouble with each 
variety, and my shipments took the lead in that 
market. It takes considerable experience to enable 
one to gather peaches rapidly with the uniform de- 
gree of ripeness to enable them to carry successfully 
one hundred or five hundred miles. Nearly always 
beginners let the fruit ripen too much. One good 
way to teach pickers successfully is to let each one 
gather and fill a box or crate with fruit he thinks 
would go to market successfully and put this package 
away in a room the same length of time it. would be 
on the road to market, then let each man open and 
examine his own package. The experienced picker 
knows at a glance the fruit that is ready to pick. 
When the skin has that peculiar creamy white ap- 
pearance, before any softness has set in, the fruit is 
ready to be picked for shipment. During very warm 
bright days the fruit should be less ripe than on 
rather damp, cloudy and cool days. 



J 904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



801 



Elberta colors early, is an excellent shipper, and 
has a very attractive appearance, especially when 
grown on light, sandy soils. It is "a thoroughbred" 
among peaches. But I must state that I cannot re- 
commend its table quality as being first class. As a 
yellow canning peach, it ranks high. Your growers 
should put up small canning factories for emer- 



Come again. 



FALL CROPS 



R. H. Pbici 



THE NORFOLK, VA., TRUCKING 
BELT. 



Editor Southern Planter: 

The fall crops of peas and beans have been ship- 
ped to Northern markets. The great trucking belt 
around Norfolk, Y:i., is now showing up green and 
luxuriant with the growing crops of kale and spinach. 

The advance line, or skirmish line, of these great 
crops is now invading Northern markets, and quite 
large quantities of these crops are being sent North, 
thus early in the season. This shows two things — 
namely, it shows that the Northern green crops have 
all been cut off by Jack frost ; and it also shows that 
the Sunny South is ready to supply all deficiency in 
the line of "garden sass." 

The kale and spinach crop is unusually large in 
area, and is in most excellent condition. The prices 
are fair, and the shipping of these crops is beginning 
earlier than usual, and the prospect for profit is good. 

The kale and spinach crop combined is good for 
■five hundred thousand barrels, possibly six hundred 
thousand. The price received for kale in Northern 
markets varies from seventy-five cents to $2 per bar- 
rel. Spinach, from $1 to $7 per barrel. 

Kale yields all the way from 150 to 300 barrels 
per acre, sometimes more. Spinach from 100 to 250 
barrels. These crops are cleared off in time for two 
more truck crops within the limits of a year — three 
crops per annum from the same soil. 

Cabbages by the millions of plants are being set 
out in the open air, where they will take root and 
grow slowly all winter, and thus be ready for market 
next April and May. 

Lettuce by the acre is also being transplanted. 
The two crops last mentioned are set out in the open 
air away up to the first of January. The near by 
presence of the 'Gulf Stream," which slowly rolls 
alonjr our coast, with its steady temperature of seven- 
ty degrees the year through, keeps off killing, damag- 
ing frosts, 90 that green stuff in the open air. such 



as kale, cabbage, spinach and lettuce, etc., comes 
through the short, mild winter uninjured by frost. 

The prospect for our farmers and truckers with 
regard to their fall crops of kale, spinach and lettuce 
is very good indeed. The area of these crops is 
large, the stand excellent, the growth very satisfac- 
tory, and the prospect for a good price and yield is 
very good indeed. 

The weather is very pleasant, just bracing enough 
to be agreeable and still warm enough to be comfort- 
able without any extra wraps, overcoats or heavy 
underwear. Light, wood fires are needed to take off 
the chill, but still everything in the ground is grow- 
ing, and yet we have but very little evidence of win- 
ter. The tenderest vegetables, such as sweet pota- 
toe vines, tomato vines, beans, etc., are nipped by 
frost, but yesterday we saw a large crop of peas where 
the vines were looking just as green as they look in 
April and May. A. Jeffers. 

Norfolk, Va., November, 1904. 



TRUCKING. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Do not make the mistake of starting into the busi- 
ness of truck raising before you are ready. By so 
doing yon simply invite defeat and a disastrous and 
expensive failure is, in the very nature of things, 
hound to be the result. 

There are at least three essentials, the absense of 
any of which will pretty effectually militate against 
any possible profit from either market gardening or 
truck farming. These are : 

1st. A sure and remunerative market for the pro- 
ducts when raised. 

2d. A thorough knowledge of the soil and its adap- 
tability to the vegetables to be grown thereon, and an 
equally intimate knowledge of the plants intended 
to be cultivated, together with their cultural and plant 
requirements; and 

3rd. Rich land. 

Tt is a waste of time to attempt the utterly impos- 
sible feat of raising profitable crops of tender, suc- 
culent vegetables on any but the very richest of land. 
No matter how fertile the land may seem to be, good 
truck crops can only he grown thereon by high ma- 
nuring. While in ordinary grain or cotton or to- 
bacco farming one can by a judicious rotation and by 
the free use of leguminous crops, get along without 
I he purchase of nitrogenous fertilizers, the market 
gardener must be lavish with his fertilizers, both 
nitrogenous, phosphatic and potassic. Nitrogen 



802 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



[December, 



forces early growth, and gives large succulent leaves 
and stems, potash gives solidity and crispness, and 
increases the sugar and starchy parts of seeds, phos- 
phoric acid tends more esjDecially to develop the seeds 
of plants, hence the chief ingredient in a good fer- 
tilizer for vegetables of which the leaves or stems are 
the edible portion, is nitrogen. 

For root vegetables, phosphoric acid and potash 
are fully as important as nitrogen. For vegetables 
of which the seed is the edible portion, like the gar- 
den pea, for instance, phosphoric acid is the leading 
element. For vegetables like the tomato, potato, egg 
plant, celery, melons, etc., potash is the most im- 
portant. 

Nitrate of soda is the best form of nitrogen, and 
the sulphate is the best available form of potash for 
garden vegetables of all kinds; cotton seed meal, as a 
source of nitrogen and the muriate as a source of 
potash, being next ; kainit is altogether out of place 
in the garden or truck farm. Potash salts are just 
the thing for truck farming. The cheaper muriate 
of potash gives equally as good results on cabbages 
and beets as the more expensive sulphate, but the 
latter appears to be superior to the muriate in in- 
creasing the yield of tomatoes, spinach, lettuce and| 
onions. For vegetables the controlling elements are 
potash and nitrogen, and very few of the brands of 
mixed fertilizers have as high a percentage of potash 
as most truck crops require. It is known on all 
sides that potatoes are dear lovers of potash, but it 
does not appear to be so generally known that the 
cabbage crop is also a potash eater ; turnips come 
next, and cauliflower third, in their demand for pot- 
ash, hence if a heavy yield of either is desired, they 
must be planted on soil that already has plenty of 
potash in it, or plenty of it must he applied. 

No soil is naturally so strong that many good crops 
of vegetables can bo raised in succession thereon, ex- 
cept potash be added just as often and just as lib- 
erally as nitrogen. 

We have this much to say about potash for the 
reason that to our certain knowledge many market 
gardeners limit themselves exclusively to manure ob- 
tained from city stables, and stable manure, let it be 
ever 30 good, is nor a properly balanced fertilizer for 
vegetables, and cannot bring best results. A good 
general fertilizer for all garden vegetables would be: 

Acid phosphate 150 to 225 lbs. 

Sulphate of potash. . .250 to 375 lbs. 
Nitrate of soda 150 to 225 lbs. 

Mix the phosphate and potash and apply previous 



to planting; apply the nitrate beside and around the 
plants after crop is up. 

If the ground is well supplied with humus above 
amounts may be doubled or trebled with manifest 
advantage. In all cases, we most decidedly prefer 
to apply broadcast, and by thorough preparation, 
thoroughly incorporate the fertilizer with the soil. 
This done when drouth sets in wherever the applica- 
tion was heaviest there the crop will be the greenest, 
let the crop be what it may. 

As muriate of potash and cotton seed meal are pre- 
ferred by some, we subjoin the following mixture : 

Acid phosphate 300 lbs. 

Nitrate of soda 300 lbs. 

Cotton seed meal 750 lbs. 

Muriate of potash 250 lbs. 

Mix for one ton and apply from 1,000 to 2,000 
pounds per acre. 

For potatoes, leave out 150 pounds nitrate of soda, 
and add 150 pounds more of the muriate. 

G-. H. Turner. 



Keeping Cabbage for Winter Use. 

T have about 3,000 cabbage just heading, and I 
write for advice about protectieg them. Should they 
be taken up and trenched before thoroughly headed % 
How long can I leave them in the field now ? When 
taken up would they keep in a barn ? Advise how to 
arrange them. M. Nelson. 

Halifax Co., Va. 

Let the cabbage stand until they are headed, if the 
frost will keep off long enough. In your section they 
will keep over the winter unless it be a very severe 
one, if they are then heeled over with the heads to 
the north and a furrow be then plowed on to the 
stalks up to the heads. In case the winter should 
prove a hard one it may be well to store part of the 
crop in a pie or heap made as follows : Pull up the 
cabbages by the roots and selecting a piece of high, 
dry ground, place the cabbages with the heads on the 
ground and stalks up in a row, say four feet wide. 
Make this first layer as long as you think will be 
required to pie the whole. Then place a second row 
of heads between the stalks of the first row, and con- 
tinue this by adding further rows until the pie is 
brought up to a conical shape, say three or four feet 
high. Then cover the whole pie with straw a few 
inches thick and finish off with a layer of corn stalks 
laid so as to throw the water off. — Ed. 



When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men- 
tion the Southern Planter. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



Live Stock and Dairy. 



803 



THE BUTTER SUPPLY OF SOUTHERN MARKETS. 

In this issue will be found an article by Prof. 
Soule, of the Virginia Experiment Station, on Farm 
Butter Making, to which we invite attention. There 
is a great opening for good home-made butter in the 
South, but it must be good. The supply for all the 
high class trade in ail the Southern cities comes at 
present from the New York and Elgin dairies, which 
ship thousands of pounds of butter every week into 
the South. In this city alone the sale of these New 
York and Elgin butters amounts to hundreds of 
pounds of butter every week. A few years ago we 
ma^e an investigation into this matter on behalf of 
the Department of Agriculture, and were surprised 
to find how completely the Northern and Elgin 
dairies had control of the best trade of the city, and 
practically of very much of the second class trade. 
There is a small supply coming from the Western and 
Southwestern parts of the State and from West Vir- 
ginia, but this does not begin to compete with the 
Northern supply. Of nearby made butter there is 
practically none on the market. Some few farmers 
bring a small supply in every week to private cus- 
tomers, but even this is a very small item. There 
is no reason whatever why the large demand for but- 
tter in the South (and Southern people are great 
butter eaters), should not be met by Southern farm- 
ers and thus thousands of dollars be kept at home. 
The only thing standing in the way is the fact that 
practically at present no good butter is made in the 
South. What is made is also not put on the market 
in an attractive form. If farmers will take note of 
Prof. Soule's advice these defects can soon be altered, 
and that with great profit to farmers. 



Sanders Spencer's herd were also forwarded some 



weeks ago." 



IMPORTED HOGS FOR VIRGINIA. 

In our last issue we published a communication 
from Mr. Westmoreland Davis, of Morven Park, 
Lee -burg, in which he announced an importation of 
White Yorkshire hogs. He now writes us that he 
has made a second importation, which is thus re- 
ferred to in the Live Stock Journal of England: 

"Three of the be3l large white sows from Mr. Ar- 
thur Hiscock's sale at Motcombe, including the grand 
pair of gilts that won first prize as a pair at the 
Devon County Show, were shipped to-day (Friday) 
on the SS. TJlsterman at Liverpool. They go to Mr. 
tmoreland Davis, in Virginia, who is establish- 
ing a herd there. Some choice specimens from Mr. 



FARM BUTTER MAKING. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

One who has had an opportunity to travel over the 
rural districts must certainly have been impressed by 
the fact that only a very few persons understand how 
to make good butter. Even in the best agricultural 
communities where farm papers and magazines can 
be found on the library table, where the land owners 
live in comparative luxury, the butter is one of the 
least satisfactory condiments found on the table. It 
is hardly an exaggeration to say that in twenty- five 
consecutive farm homes which might be visited, 
twenty-five different kinds of butter would be found, 
varying marvellously in color, quality and flavor. 
In some cases the butter will consist largely of a sour, 
cheesy curd, which has been incorporated with the 
fat globules through improper churning. In other 
cases, it will be positively rancid, while possibly in 
only four or five instances out of the twenty-five will 
it be at all palatable. There are those who may 
think this is stating the case extremely, but such at 
least are the facts gathered as the result of some 
years' of experience in Farmers' institute work which 
has brought the writer in contact with hundreds of 
farm homes. Strange to say, in practically all in- 
stances, the people believe' their butter to be good 
and wholesome. In other words, they do not appre- 
ciate what good butter is, nor do they have any ideals 
in regard to its manufacture and production. 

Of course the great success of the American dairy 
is due largely to the development of our factory and 
creamery system. Were it not for this, it is doubt- 
ful if we would ever have made much progress along 
dairy lines, though there is certainly every oppor- 
tunity for persons who thoroughlv acquaint them- 
selves with the proper methods of making and hand- 
ling butter. On the score of education and lack of 
facilities for the work, no excuse is available for the 
inferior quality of butter made on the average farm. 
There are hundreds of dairy schools turning out a 
corps of graduates each year, which one would sup- 
pose would disseminate information very largely 
through the communities to which they return. 
Prejudice, however, seems to be stronger than educa- 
tion, and remarkable as it may seem, it very often 
happens that the people of the community consider 



804 



THE SOUTHEBN PLANTER 



[December, 



their own butter of superior quality to that made by j the stables clean, brush the cows down well, wipe off 
the educated and trained dairy school butter maker. ' the udders, and use thoroughly sanitary milk pails 



Let this be as it may, it still does not solve the prob- 
lem, nor does it explain why our farmers persist in 
making an inferior quality of butter from cows well 
bred and cared for, kept in excellent stables, and fed 
and nourished on clean, excellent food. It also 
seems very strange that when there is a splendid 
market for butter of high quality, that the majority 
of farmers should say there is no money in butter 
making, and that they do not find dairying a profi- 
table industry. This does not apply to the great 
majority of dairy farmers, but there are still thou- 
sands and thousands of men who keep a few cows, 
and who should make at least fifty dollars per cow, 
net profit on butter, judging from the market prices 
prevailing at the towns near which they reside. Here 
is one of the leaks on the farm that could be stopped. 
The average cow is not credited with what she does, 
because the owner fails to handle her product in the 
best manner, and so does not obtain a fair remunera- 
tion for it. Under such conditions the dairy cows 
ought to combine and form a trust for their own 
protection. They have been a long suffering and 
much maligned class of animals in some communi- 
ties, where the fault has not been theirs. 

Admitting these facts, it now seems proper to in- 
quire if good butter can be made on the average farm 
at a profit? It certainly can be if modern methods 
an- followed. It will take but little more care and 
effort to make a first class quality of butter where 
now a very indifferent article is produced. What 
- nse or use is there in spending days of labor and 
effort in feeding and caring for dairy cows, in hand- 
ling and skimming milk, and in churning to make a 
pound of butter worth ten cents, when it might just 
;is well bring twenty-five or even thirty cents? Yet 
the writer knows of dozens of instances where this 
thing is done over and over again, and followed up 
pear in and year out. On visiting country towns 
and inquiring for good butter, it is, as a rule, twenty- 
five or thirty cents a pounds; in making inquiries at 
the farmers' homes, it i-, as a rule, reported to lie 
worth ten or fifteen cents per pound. Yet there is 
hardly a community throughout the South in par- 
ticular, which the writer has visited during recent 
year-, where the dealers have not said that they were 
onahle to obtain a sufficient amount of satisfactory 
butter to supply the home trade. 

With good barn-, good feed, and cows well cared 
for, the making of butter could become a compara- 
tively simple process. All that is needed is to keep 



with covers and strainers in the side. Aerate the 
milk in a room built and maintained especially for 
that purpose, connected with the stable, but closed off 
from it, and then keep the milk cool in deep cans un- 
til the proper degree of acidity has developed in the 
cream. It is then a comparatively simple matter to 
skim off the cream and churn it in a granular form, 
and produce a butter sweet and rich in flavor, and 
with excellent keeping qualities. It is hardly worth 
while to ask the question as to whether good butter 
can be made on the farm or not, The answer is 
certainly yes, and it will require but comparatively 
little more effort and skill than is required now to 
make an inferior quality. 

The chief trouble in the manufacture of farm but- 
ter is the fact that the milk is produced in stables 
that are unsanitary. It will take comparatively little 
effort to clean the stables every day, whitewash them 
once or twice a year, spray them with a little disin- 
fectant occasionally, and brush off the cows so as to 
keep them free from manure and filth. Then, if the 
milkers have clean hands, and the milk is quickly 
drawn and conveyed to the a?rating room, and either 
separated or placed in deep cans, it will be in good 
condition. In sections where the weather is cold 
enough, ice should be stored for the summer; in 
other sections, artificial ice can be purchased for a 
reasonable cost, while springs can often be utilized 
economically and to the best advantage. After the 
milk is drawn, it is essential that it be handled skil- 
fully. One great troiible on the average farm is the 
fact that it is kept in the cellar, which is closed up so 
as to prevent the circulation of air and light, and it 
thus becomes musty and close. Milk or cream kept 
here will generally have a close, musty, and often a 
cheesy flavor. It is impossible to make good butter 
under such conditions. This difficulty could be ob- 
viated simply by using a deep setting tank for the 
milk or cream, as the case may be, and thoroughly 
scrubbing and disinfecting the cellar occasionally, 
and opening it up at night so as to let the air circu- 
late through it. 

Another frequent cause of trouble to the housewife 
who attempts to make butter, is the fact that she per- 
sists in using old rags and cloths and utensils which 
qre not properly cleansed and sterilized. Brushes 
should replace the old rags to commence with, and if 
a larger amount of hot water were used, which can 
be obtained quite simply in almost any house through 
the use of n water back on the ranc^e, there would be 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



805 



less difficulty with various undesirable fermentations 
and putrefactions which develop in the cream and 
butter, causing the housewife no end of trouble and 
worry. Cleanliness is one of the things about the 
dairy that is very often not fully appreciated. This 
is due in part to the insidious nature of germ growths, 
whose pernicious qualities are not fully appreciated. 
Good brushes, plenty of sal soda, a little sapolio, 
more hot water and elbow grease, and the chief 
troubles of the farm butter maker will disappear as 
if by magic. Thus there is no reason why, with the 
exercise of a little more care and discretion, a first 
class quality of butter should not be made on the 
average farm. 

How this good butter can be made has been indi- 
cated to a certain extent, though in many places the 
equipment used is out of date and unsatisfactory. 
Separators cost so little now, that where a few cows 
are kept, as they should be on every farm, one should 
be purchased and used. It need not cost over $75 
for a small herd, and it is easy to handle and cleanse, 
and light to run. The machine gives a perfect sepa- 
ration of the milk, and thus saves more than its cost 
in a year, 
the milk is in the verv best condition for utilization: 



sence of the usual supply of rags and old newspapers, 
which so frequently accompany butter. 

Under these conditions, butter of the sweetest and 
best quality can be made at a good profit, where it is 
now so often manufactured at a loss, providing a new 
source of revenue to the farmer without the expedi- 
ture of a large amount of capital or labor. All that 
is needed is a little better appreciation of the nature 
of germs and how to combat them, a little more care 
in the handling and churning of the cream, and in 
the packing and marketing of the butter. All the 
necessary effort and labor is now being performed in 
making butter, bringing ten to fifteen cents a pound. 
Can you afford to keep cows and handle them on this 
basis ? Is that other ten or fifteen cents a pound, 
which represents your profit, and should amount to 
$75 per cow per annum, worth going after? 

Andrew M. Souee. 

Virginia Experiment Station. 



DUROC JERSEY HOGS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I notice one of vour correspondents asks the char- 
yeiug run through the separator J acteristics of the Duroc hog . j have kept Poland . 

, Chinas, Berkshires and Durocs. As you say, the 

he farm in the feeding of calves, pigs and poul- Berkshire ig hard to beat But still T think that f or 

I he cream is reduced to a small bulk, has been 



try. 

aerated and cleansed by passing through the sepa 
rator, and is in the best condition to ripen. After it 
has been ripened the churning is an important mat- 
ter. The churn and butter worker should first be 
thoroughly scalded and then rinsed out with cold 
water. After the cream is placed in the churn, the 
color should be added if it is necessary. The churn- 
ing should proceed slowly and uniformly from twen- 
ty to thirty minutes, when the butter should have 
broken in a granular form, and possessing a rich, 
aromatic and slightly acid flavor. Immediately 
after it breaks, some cold water should be added to 
chill it, then it should be taken out and placed on the 
worker and allowed to drain. The washing with 
water removes the particles of curd. If the butter 
were churned beyond the granular form, a certain 
amount of milk would be incorporated, which would 
greatly hasten decomposition and cause the butter to 
go off flavor and become rancid. After the butter 
is carefully worked so as to thoroughly distribute the 
salt and prevent mottled butter, it should be made 
up in nice, uniform packages, wrapped in parchment 



healthiness, docility and general utility the Duroc is 
the coming hog. With other breeds I have always 
had some crushed pigs occasionally, but the Duroc is 
such a quiet, motherly sow that I have had no such 
trouble with them. The boars are easily handled, 
and though active in breeding show little inclination 
to roam. They seem to stand a changeable climate 
well, and fatten easily, and I think those who have 
had trouble with sows crushing or eating their young, 
or with nervous, fretful sows, will do well to try this 
breed. They are in color an attractive cherry, and 
the little pigs are beautifully even in size and color. 
Orange Co., Va. A. F. L. 



paper and stored in the coolest place available, so as 
to keep it firm. Then when taken to market it 
should be placed in a basket or box remarkable for 



THE B0WM0NT FARM'S HERD OF JERSEYS. 

The Jersey Bulletin thus speaks of this herd, 
which will be found advertised in this issue: 

"The Bowmont Farm's Herd of Jerseys at Salem, 
Va., has reached the place where it can be called one 
of the very best in America. Indeed, it reached that 
place some time ago, and the results of Mr. Bowman's 
fine judgment in the Avork of building it up are ap- 



parent in the young stock coming on. Wherever 
they go they are giving satisfaction, and the owner 
feels well repaid for the outlay in foundation stock. 
Certainly the herd was built after a system that war- 
its clean and attractive appearance, and for the ab- ranted the highest results." 



806 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 




the 



&m 



FIRST PRIZE SHROPSHIRE BUCKS 

lish Royal Show, June, 1904. The five finest sheep shown in that year. 



AMONG THE FLOCKS OF SCOTLAND. 
Editor ISoutliern L'laiiber: 

From my earliest boyhood I loved to hear stories 
about the faithful Scotch shepherds and those won- 
derful dogs before whose intelligence we must all 
bow in admiration. Bonnie Scotland was the one 
land I most desired to visit. You don't wonder, 
therefore, that my heart gave a bound when I first 
looked on its green fields just beyond the beautiful 
waters of the. Tweed at Berwick. It was a glorious 
evening. I sped along in the slowly deepening twi- 
light toward that choicesl of all cities, Edinburgh, so 
well named, "the pride of Scotland." It might not 
be uninteresting to stop in my sheep stories to de- 
scribe the scenes about Edinburgh, or to revive its 
historic and chivalric memories, but lack of space 
forbids. 

With my face »se1 towards the Grampian Hills, 
made famous in story by .Scott's Lady of the Lake 
and Rob Roy, as well as by the gallant deeds of 
Robert Bruce and William Wallace, I was off for a 
tour through the country of the Highland cattle and 
the Black-faced Highland sheep. At Aberfoyle I 
left the train to take the country on foot and by 



coach. As I walked over to the inn for breakfast, I 
saw a flock of very queer little sheep crowding for- 
ward over Rob Roy's bridge, which was only a few 
steps from the inn. These little sheep all had horns, 
black-and-white faces, long fleeces almost sweeping 
the ground. They all looked so much alike and seem- 
ed so strange that I noticed them closely. When I 
saw their faces at close range, I remembered a much 
prized picture that hangs in the hall at Edgewood, a 
picture that was given me as a boy at school, because 
I did not miss a day and was not tardy during a 
whole session in our little country school. The pic- 
ture was indeed a prize to a boy who loved sheep and 
collie dogs. It was a cheap chromo, but to my boy- 
ish fancy it was the most beautiful picture ever 
painted. It showed two ewes and lambs out among 
the rocks and heather and two Collie dogs lying near 
with their faithful eyes resting fondly on their 
charges. It was entitled, "On Guard." I always 
thought those were queer looking sheep. I now 
know that they were Blackfaced Highland ewes. A 
black Collie was handling this bunch of Highland 
sheep with remarkable skill. The shepherd had gone 
on to get his drink of ale and had left his "faithful 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



807 



tyke" to work this flock of sheep through the little 
village. I was soon among the heather on these 
Scottish hills, and found these sheep scattered every- 
where. You could not go a hundred yards without 
running upon a small bunch of these little sheep. 
They do not run in flocks at all. Often two sheep 
will be found off to themselves. Occasionally a ewe 
has no other company than her lamb. They are thus 
more like goats than sheep in their habits. I soon 
noticed that some of the sheep were sheared and some 
not. A little closer observation showed that every 
ewe that had a lamb had her fleece. It occurred to 
me that these ewes would lamb out on these bleak 
hills and even up to July the nights are very cool. 
These great fleeces would screen the little lambs from 
the chilling winds. I should say that no hardier 
breed of sheep lives than these Blackfaces. They 
never know shelter, except such as the protected side 
of the hills could afford. How they pass through the 
heavy snows of the winter is a wonder to me. Were 
it not for Collie dogs I do not see how these sheep 
could be managed at all, as they roam at will among 
the hills. I found them on the very top of Ben 
Venue, a lofty mountain. Every shepherd you meet 
has a Collie walking at his heels, and this Collie is a 
' very knowing companion. He understands every 
word and gesture of his master, and the shepherd 
talks to him as he would to his closest friend. He 
feels, at least, that his dog understands, so the com- 
panionship is just as close as if he did. A gentle- 
man told me an interesting incident about his Scotch 
shepherd. One day he was standing by a hedge, 
when his shepherd approached from the opposite side 
with his dog at his heels. He was talking aloud find- 
ing fault with some of the sheep, a thing he would 
have considered most disloyal to his master, if he had 
thought any one was hearing him. He suddenly 
stopped, and, turning to his dog, exclaimed: "Shame 
on yir ! Go on ! Ain't I bin telling yir ye are alius 
busy listenin' ?" Eine testimony to his faithful ser- 
vice. He would not share the secrets of his busi- 
ness with his best friend, his faithful dog. 

The Blackfaces have coarse hairy fleeces not ex- 
ceeding four pounds, and they are too small to make 
a genera] purpose sheep, but the flavor of their meat 
is unexcelled save by that of the Welsh mountain 
sheep. Blackface mutton is the choicest dish in all 
that country, and I can testify that it is hard to beat. 
It brings a special price on the market. 

I was also much interested in the Highland cattle. 
These were just as rough and woolly as I had pic- 
tured them. They seemed to roam over these hills 



as wild cattle, and are too much like the American 
bison to please me. The bulls have enormous horns, 
sometimes expanding four feet and the hair on the 
crest often reaches down to the nostrils. I am in- 
clined to think that it will take much improvement 
to make a great breed of them. They are not the 
only Scotch cattle that can furnish Buffalo robes. 
The Galloways are natives of Scotland. 

A week later I was in Melrose in that lovely valley 
beside the gentle Tweed, under the shadows of the 
Hills of Eildon, which overlook the home of Walter 
Scott. I was off on my bicycle to see the flocks of 
that charming bit of Scotland. Every flock I saw 
during my day's journey was a flock of Cheviots. 

This country, you remember, lies at the foot of the 
Cheviot hills, which have been the home of this hand- 
some breed for over a century. How beautiful these 
Cheviots were ! Their snow-white faces, their bright 
eyes, their long fleeces, their strong shoulders, their 
proud carriage make them at once the most attractive 
of all sheep to look at. They have little wool on the 
legs and none on the heads. They are bald-headed. 
They seem to be as kind in disposition as the jolly- 
bald-headed man. About Melrose these sheep are 
handled in small flocks much as we handle sheep in 
this country. In order to see the Cheviots in their 
native haunts, I went right into the heart of the 
Cheviot Hills. Erom New Castleton, the home of 
Walter Scott's hero, Dandie Dinmont, I strolled 
across the country admiring the picturesqiie country, 
which is so different from anything I had expected. 
These Cheviot Hills are not rugged and rough and 
covered with Scotch heather, but they are carpeted 
with the most luxuriant grass, and are absolutely 
treeless. When I had climbed to the top of Home 
Hill I could look across the rolling hills lying under 
the purple haze of the distance and see a country 
given up almost entirely to the raising of Cheviots. 
It is an ideal'sheep country, with the exception of the 
moors that are found on the flat tops of these hills, 
which become in wet seasons the breeding places of 
the liver fluke, foot-rot and many other diseases. I 
came to an old shepherd's home on the far side of 
Home Hill close by a tiny little burn, whose rippling 
waters so clearly reflected the green of the hills that 
it has been called Green Burn. I was given a Scotch 
welcome, which means more than I can tell. As I 
ate the scones and cheese and drank the fresh milk 
that was set before me the old shepherd told of his 
sheep and dogs in language that was too m\ich for me. 
He told me that he had charge of three thousand 
sheep on those hills, that he kept them in small flocks, 



808 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



that he had them sleep in a fresh place every night, 
that he had no shelter for them in winter, that he 
gave them only roots in winter, leaving them to get 
their roughness from the heather and the matted 
grass of the hills. When I saw no fences on those 
hills I asked how he ever got them in small flocks and 
then how he kept them so. He pointed to his dog, 
and said she understood the parts of the range where 
each flock belonged, and she kept close watch of each 
flock. When I wanted to photograph a flock of 
Cheviots he waved Meg off to a flock a half mile dis- 
tant, and she had the sheep herded on the side of the 
hill where he had pointed in a few minutes. 

Here was a flock of native Cheviots in their own 
environment. They were rather small and coarse in 
fleece, but they looked hardy and strong. The lambs 
were very small for June, but I was told that it was 
found best to lamb the ewes in April and May, as the 
loss of lambs was very great in the early months. It 
was interesting to see so many sheep pastured on these 
hills, and to remember that they had been pastured 



here for years. I at once thought of diseases. I 
found that they are beginning to have their troubles. 
This old shepherd had never heard of stomach worms, 
but he described cases that were alarmingly familiar 
to me. Liver fluke and louping ill were increasing 
year by year. Only their painstaking management 
saves them from serious trouble. 

When I left the shepherd's cottage, the old man 
insisted upon going with me part of the way. When 
we got in sight of the village, he parted company with 
me, and as I handed him a shilling for the "old 
wumman," he shook his head and rebuked me with 
words that still ring in my ears: "It dus oor herts 
gude to feed and hoose a stranger." These Scotch 
people are a noble people, honest, kind-hearted, and 
faithful to every trust. They have written their 
names high on the scroll of worldly fame. It is a 
pleasure to meet them face to face and to reflect upon 
the sturdy elements of character that have made them 
a great people. H. B. Arbttckxe. 

Maxwelton, W. Va. 




BLOOD WILL TELL 
Editor Southern Planter: 

While at the Royal this summer I made a point to 
study the effect of breeding as evidenced by this won- 
derful show. I studied my catalogue carefully and 
asked many questions of the breeders. I found that 
half the prize winners in one breed of sheep owed 
their quality to one ram. I found that in both the 
Shorthorn and Hereford classes that there were two 
or three outstanding sires. In one case among the 
Herefords I was looking at a champion bull, and 
glancing at the catalogue I found he had a full sister 



in the show. I went to her stall and found the red 
ribbon tied to her head also. 

This fact was especially noticeable in the Red Poll 
breed, the dual purpose breed that is becoming more 
and more popular in our country. Three bulls were 
the sires of practically all the winners in that large 
show of the breed. The tAvo greatest bulls that have 
ever been known in the breed are possibly Rufus and 
Majiolini. I am almost willing to believe that these 
two bulls have done most for the making of the breed. 
Both were great show bulls. Majiolini was a Royal 
winner over and over again. I think he holds an 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



809 



unbroken record. This old bull still lives, and it 
gave me pleasure to see him at his new home. The 
thing that caught my attention was that the champion 
cow and the champion animal of the breed at the 
Royal this year was sired by Majiolini. He was the 
sire of two other females, and both were prize win- 
ners. The three wore pronounced by some the three 
prettiest females in the show. It gives me pleasure 
to present their photograph, though it does not do 
them justice. You can see they are as like as three 
peas. What a testimony to the value of blood in 
breeding. Blood will tell. H B. Arbuckxe. 

Maxwelton, W. Va. 



BUYING CONCENTRATES FOR DAIRY COWS. 

At this season of the year the question of buying 
feed for the winter is always an important one. 
Three things to be taken into consideration are — first, 
cost; second, total digestible matter; third, general 
effect upon the animal. In some cases a fourth point 
should be considered — viz., the amount of digestible 
protein. 

If all feeds were of equal feeding value the farmer 
would naturally buy the one which could be obtained 
at the lowest price per ton. But since some con- 
tain a much larger amount of indigestible matter 
than others, and since this is practically useless to the 
animal, a more rational basis of price or valuation 
would be upon the total digestible matter contained. 
This is,, however, impossible to determine by external 
appearance or even by a simple chemical analysis. 
Fortunately most of the common feeds have been 
studied sufficiently to enable us to know approxi- 
mately the amount of digestible matter which they 
contain. The following table shows the cost of one 
pound of digestible matter in the different feed stuffs 
mentioned, if bought at the prices indicated, which 
are the prevailing prices at the present time in cen- 
tral Pennsylvania: 

COST OF OXE POUXD OF DIGESTIBLE MATTER IX SOME 
COMMON FEED STUFFS AT THE PRICES GIVEN". 

. Price per Cost of Digestible 

Feed. Ton matter per pound. 

Wheat bran $23.00 2.00 cents. 

*Cora (shelled) 21.43 1.31 cents. 

'Corn and cob meal 19.14 1.35 cents. 

Gluten Feed 22.60 1.45 cents. 

Cottonseed meal 25.75 1.59 cents. 

Linseed meal old process. 27.50 1.77 cents. 

Ifalt sprouts 19.00 1.61 cents. 

Dried distillers' grains.. 25.00 1.45 cents. 
* 60c. per bushel. 
60e. per bushel for corn on the ear plus 7c. for 

grinding. 

It will he seen from this table that the cost of one 
pound of digestible matter varies greatly in these dif- 



ferent materials at the present market prices. The 
farmer should buy those feeds in which he can get 
the largest amount of digestible matter for his money. 
At the present price wheat bran is about our most 
expensive feed. It is believed that the feeding value 
of wheat bran has been somewhat overestimated in 
many cases, and that the present market price is un- 
warranted by its feeding value. It is seen that lin- 
seed meal is also a comparatively expensive food. 
It should be the aim of the feeder to substitute some 
of the cheaper products for the expensive ones when- 
ever practicable. As the table shows, the different 
corn products, that is, gluten feed, dried distillers 
grains, shelled corn, and corn-and-cob meal, are about 
the least expensive at present prices. 

Corn will probably remain the basis of most ra- 
tions, as it should, but when it is fed with corn silage 
and timothy hay or corn stover it usually becomes 
necessary to buy some feed rich in protein. Cotton- 
seed meal is the richest of our common feeds in this 
respect. Bran is often bought for this purpose, but 
as a matter of fact its percentage of digestible pro- 
tein is not very high, while the large amount of in- 
digestible matter which it contains, as already noted, 
renders it a costly feed. Gluten feed and dried dis- 
tillers grains, such as "Biles XXXX," and "Ajax 
Flakes," contain much more digestible protein than 
wheat bran and cost much less per pound of digesti- 
ble matter. The valuation- of a feed stuff based upon 
protein alone would be altogether misleading. It is 
much safer to base the valuation upon the total 
amount of digestible matter and then choose among 
the cheaper, some one rich in protein. 

If clover or alfalfa hay (or cow pea or soy bean 
hay. — Ed.) is fed the protein supply becomes less 
important. The amount of protein required for a 
dairy cow is not accurately known at present. 
She certainly should have enough to maintain 
her body and produce the protein of the milk. 

The effect of the different feeds upon the health 
of the animal must, of course, be taken into conside- 
ration. In this respect there is nothing superior to 
wheat bran and linseed meal, but they are among our 
most costly feeds. Cottonseed meal, especially when 
fed heavily, may cause trouble if fed continuously 
for a long period. When fed with corn or other 
wholesome food there is no danger in feeding two or 
three pounds per day, and much larger amounts than 
these are fed by many persons, especially in the 
South. There is more danger in feeding cottonseed 
meal to hogs than to any other class of animals. In 
feeding dairy cows it might be well to take into con- 
sideration the fact that cottonseed meal produces a 
hard butter fat, whereas linseed meal and gluten feed 
produce a soft butter fat. During the summer 
months this would be of more importance than during 
the winter. Thos. I. Mairs. 

Pennsylvania Experiment Station. 



810 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



[December, 



The Poultry Yard. 



ARE YOUR POULTRY HOUSES WARM AND FREE 
FROM DRAFTS. 

This is a question to which it will pay every poul- 
try keeper to give attention. The nights now are 
always cold. The days are often so, and both, are 
likely to be colder. Hens will not lay well unless 
the houses are comfortably warm at uight, and they 
are kept warm all day by plenty of exercise in 
scratching for their food. Drafts, above all other 
things, are fatal to good laying. Even if a house 
be cool if it is free from drafts the hens may be 
healthy and may lay moderately, but in a drafty 
house roup is sure to make its appearance, and when 
once this sets in laying will be over. At one of the 
Experiment Stations two houses built exactly alike 
of matched boards with shingle roof were erected. 
One of these was sheathed on the inside and this cov- 
ered with paper. In each were placed 12 pullets, 
the flocks being as nearly alike as possible. The 
flocks were fed alike, having a morning mash of corn 
meal, middlings and ground oats, and at night whole 
grain scattered in the litter. Eresh water, grit and 
bone were placed where the hens could get them as 
they wished. The laying test of the two lots began 
24th November, and was continued five months. The 
pullets in the warm sheathed house laid the first; 
month 87 eggs, the second 130 eggs, the third 138 
eggs, the fourth 120 eggs, the fifth 154 eggs. In 
the cold house the hens laid the first month 39 eggs, 
the second 106 eggs, the third 103 eggs, the fourth 
124 eggs, the fifth 114 eggs. Totals, warm house, 
629 eggs. Cold house, 496 eggs. A difference of 133 
eggs. The value of this number of eggs in excess of 
those laid in the cold house would repay the cost of 
sheathing the house the first year. Make sure that 
you are not losing eggs by neglecting to have your 
houses warm and comfortable. Make the fowls keep 
themselves warm during the day by scratching for all 
the grain food they eat. Keep them drv whilst do- 
ing this. 



CHICKEN CHATTER. 

Never breed from a cowardly male. 

Don't breed from a long-tailed bird. 

The hen that will pay has a bright red comb. 

The man who advertises is the man who sells his 
stuck. 

Tt generally takes eight weeks to grow a squab 
broiler. 

April and May you will get the best price for 
broilers. 



Don't breed from pullets when you desire strong 
chicks. 

A year-old cock and a two-year old hen is an excel- 
lent mating. 

Don't try to keep two breeds when you know how 
to raise only one. 

Better kill that inferior stock than your reputation 
by trying to sell it. 

Your laying pullets should be separated and fed 
to promote egg production. 

Know the requirements of your market and then 
breed to those requirements. 

If you pack fowls while still warm the skin will 
become very much discolored. 

For the American market the yellow-skinned fowl 
has much the better sale. 

Unless you wish to depreciate the value of your 
birds don't ship hens and cocks together. 

A dressed bird should never have dark pin feathers 
in it, as it gives a dirty and unattractive appearance 
to it. 

Patience first, then watchfulness, care and hard 
work is what makes the poultry industry a profitable 
investment. 

Broilers that are out in the early part of December 
should be ready for market by the first part of Feb- 
ruary. 

Have your poultry ready when the demand for it 
is greatest ; it is "Johnnie on the Spot" who succeeds 
in this work. 

It is claimed that equal parts of red pepper, alum, 
rosin and sulphur will cure chicken cholera. Feed a 
tablespoonful of this mixture in three pints of scald- 
ed meal every day. 



ANIMAL FOOD FOR LATE MOLTING FOWLS. 

Fowls that have not finished molting require ani- 
mal food. It is essential to a rapid molt at any sea- 
son, and tends to sustain the health and vitality of 
the fowls and to increase the gloss and attractiveness 
of the new feathers. It, can be fed in the form of 
prepared beef scraps kept constantly before the fowls, 
fresh green bone fed liberally three times per week, 
or waste meat (raw or boiled) ; parts of animals can 
also be boiled for three or four hours and the liquor 
or "beef tea" mixed daily in the regular mashes. 
Skim-milk is another valuable animal food that is 
exceedingly beneficial. It can be fed sweet or thick, 
sour and mixed with the mashes. The. thick, sour 
skim-milk will form a very palatable mash, and is 
nore readily digested. The growth of feathers de- 
mands protein or albumen, which is one of the main 
constituents of animal foods. Vegetable foods are 
also valuable. Feed grain sparingly. — Reliable 
Poultry Journal. 



1904.] 



TIIE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



811 



The Horse. 



THE COLT. 

Nothing has more strongly impressed ns in the 



and soy bean hay all are rich in protein. Any of 
these fed in conjunction with corn and corn fodder 



years we have spent in the South than the want of and the grass hays will make a ration for young am 



care and attention which Southern farmers show for 
the young animals of their stock. It matters not 
whether the stock be horses, cows, sheep or hogs, the 
same want of thought for them is seen. So long as 
they can obtain their sustenance from the dam they 
usually make good progress, but the effort always 
seem to be to get them off the dams as soon as possi- 
ble and to appropriate for themselves the work to be 
got out of the dam or the milk or other return to be 
had from the stock, and the young ones are then 
largely left to shift for themselves on such food as 
can be found handily, whether adapted to their wants 
or not. This is bad policy, and will never pay with 
any kind of stock. Young animals have special 
wants, which must be provided for or they cannot 
make that growth which is essential to their future 
profitableness and welfare. If the dam does her 
duty to her offspring it will at the time when 
able to begin eating be fat. If once this "sucking 
fat'" is lost by want of proper food, care and atten- 
tion, it is never put back again, except at a cost out 
of all proportion to its worth, and rarely ever at any 
cost. It may be taken as a sound axiom that the fu- 
ture value of any animal for any purpose is deter- 
mined by the care given it during the first year of its 
life. "What it does during that year will make or 
mar its future. Especially is this true of the colt. 
If from the time when it can eat it is not fed with 
food which will supply the protein needed for the 
making of bone and muscle it matters not what other 
food is fed the colt will be a failure sooner or later. 
This is true also of all other animals. In the first 
year of life the bones and muscles are being formed, 
and these cannot be built up out of carbo-hydrate 
foods alone; they must have protein foods. To ex- 
pect corn alone in the shape of grain and fodder to 
supply this need is to expect the impossible. Where 
this feed alone is fed the animal in the effort to se- 
cure the needed protein stuffs itself with the food, 
and only succeeds in making a "pot-bellied" animal, 
with weak bones and muscles. Such an animal can 
never afterwards compete successfully in the market 
or on the road with one properly fed at the start. 
We in the South have an abundance of feeds rich in 
protein, and therefore there is no excuse for not meet- 
ing the requirements of nature. Oats, peas, soy 
beans, beans, clover, alfalfa, cow pea hay, vetches, 



mals on which they can build up their frames and 
muscles and keep on their bones the "sucking fat" 
with which their dams clothed them. They should 
be encouraged to eat these foods as soon as they are 
able to do so, and a choice of them should always 
be provided to keep their appetites sharp and their 
health good. For young colts nothing is better than 
good, sound oats, bran and clover hay. They should 
have access to these foods in an enclosure apart from 
the mares, and will soon learn to go and help them- 
selves, and at the same time learn to be contented and 
happy when the mares are away from them working. 
This is a very important matter. When not early 
taught the colts fret themselves when the mares are 
out of their sight, and lose flesh and become soured 
in temper. To avoid this many farmers allow the 
colts to run after the mares all day long when they 
are working. This is a bad practice, as it simply 
uses up the feed which should go to the development 
of the colt in maintaining its acquired growth and 
strength. Teach them early to be contented in the 
stable, barn or pasture in the absence of the mare, 
and then when weaned they will, if properly sup- 
plied with food, suffer no deterioration. All young 
animals should be handled from birth and taught to 
look upon their owners and those having the care of 
them as friends, in whom they can place perfect con- 
fidence. Especially is this important with colts. 
Halter them soon after they are born and teach them 
to be led. This done, the breaking them to harness 
and work will be an easy task. They will not be 
afraid of either the harness or the cart. Above all 
things, be kind to a young animal ; teach him to love 
and not fear you, and then his temper in after life 
will be an asset of great value in the market. 



NOTES. 

Kelly, 2 :27, son of Electioneer, 125, and the great 
brood mare Esther, •thoroughbred daughter of Ex- 
press, has been so well patronized that my lease on the 
bay stallion has been renewed with his owner, James 
Cox, of Mt. Jackson, Va., and he will be again kept 
for service at my private stable, 1102 Hull street, 
Manchester, Va., during 1905. Ninety-two mares 
were booked, and over 80 of them have already been 
served this season. Among these were a number of 
matrons of real class, of which some were shipped 
from quite a distance. On the score of breeding, 



812 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



Kelly stands very high. He was sired by Elec- 
tioneer, who got 166 in the list, among the world's 
champions, Arion, 2 :07f, sold for $125,000 at two 
years old; Simol, 2 :08£, and Palo Alto, 2 :08f , 
while in addition his sons and daughters have bred on 
with marvellous results. Esther, though strictly 
thoroughbred, nicked well with trotting blood, and 
besides Kelly 2 she produced the famous Expressive, 
3, 2 :12£ ; Express, 2 :21, and Elwina, 2, 2 :27£, while 
her daughters Extra and Effie are also great brood 
mares. A horse of Q xquisite quality and finish, 
Kelly represents the highest type of a trotter, while 
in temper and disposition no horse ever excelled him. 



- - 




f 




: i£\ 




^ , dk 






uSmrM 




















■^He... ■■;-. M 



THE <ll JlMPION SHIEE HORSE OF ENGLAND IN" 1904 

"SCHOULDEN SCYLOX." 

He weighs 1,900 pounds at 2 years and 8 months old. 



There is not a better mannered four-year-old trot- 
ter in the Valley of Virginia, and with good behavior 
he shows speed, too, than the big brown gelding Bar- 
light, owned by James Cox at Belgravia Farm, by 
whom he was purchased as a yearling from his breed- 
er, L. Triplett, Jr., the well known lawyer of Mt. 
Jackson. Earlight now stands 16.1 in height, and at 
maturity will weigh probably right around 1,300 
pounds. He was sired by Kelly, 2:27, dam Fannie, 
a gray daughter of Sam Purdy, 2 :20|, second dam 
Mousie, dam of Hazel Bashaw, 21463, pacing record 
2:31, by Traveller. Hazel Bashaw, son of Bashaw, 
Jr., 2 :24^, formerly owned by Dr. D. D. Carter, 
Woodstock, Va., is credited with two standard per- 
formers in Belle Truit, 2 :24\, and the gray pacing 
gelding Doctor H, 2:22|. The size of Barlight 
doubtless comes as an inheritance from his sire's side, 
and the brown gelding is a credit to Kelly. The lat- 



ter has a full sister in the famous Expressive, 3, 
2 :12-J-, who stands 16.2 and weighs about 1,300 
pounds, while their dam, Esther, the thoroughbred 
daughter of Express, was full 16 hands. Another in- 
stance of transmission of great size, and a notable 
one, is that of Whips, 2 :27, son of Electioneer and 
thoroughbred Lizzie Whips, who got the giant trotter 
Azate, 2 :04f . 

la* 10*1 £m 

The good gray mare Grandma, thoroughbred 
daughter of imp. Woodlands and Pomona, by Ten 
Broeck, owned here by E. S. Engleking, was bred in 
1904 to Aloha, and the prospective produce will be 
entered in the Futurity and other important stakes. 
Grandma's foal of 1904, a bay filly by Aloha, died 
when four days old. The daughter of Woodlands 
raced well for her present owner, and for him she 
was a good winner at the fairs in Virginia, North 
Carolina and South Carolina. Pomona, the dam of 
Grandma, also produced the speedy gelding Hand- 
press, who, at nine years old, in 1904, won at five- 
eighths of a mile in California, and did the distance 
in 59J. 

f^m «^5 Jw 

William Garth, who trains for J. E. Lane, of Es- 
mont, Va., has probably the best stable of steeple- 
chasers sent out from Virginia this season, and win- 
ners have been furnished in Imperialist, Mr. Church- 
hill, Charley Moore, and others. In addition to his 
jumpers, however, Mr. Lane has some eight or ten 
choicely bred and promising yearlings that are being 
handled by T. B. Doswell at Bullfield Farm, and 
these will be raced next season. At Woodmond and 
Hattondale Farm, where Burlington, "the gentleman 
in black," holds court, there are some choicely bred 
mares, and their produce by the handsome son of 
Powhatan and imp. Invercauld will be showing up 
as winners before very long. Burlington was a fine 
race horse, and won the Criterion Stakes, Pelham 
Handicap, Brooklyn Derbv, Belmont, the Trial and 
Tidal Stakes, and other important events. 

*&ri (5* <5* 

Virginia horses did well in the jumping and hun- 
ter classes at the New York Horse Show last month, 
among those that carried off prizes being Elevator, 
Buck, Garnett Ripple, Colonel Hawkins, Lucy 
Sutherland,, Up-to-Date, Chappie Lee, Tip Top and 
others. Elevator, the big gray gelding, by Eleve, 
thoroughbred son of Eolus, was sold by his owner, 
John Stewart Bryan, of Richmond, during the show 
to the wealthy New Yorker, Frederick G. Bourne, 
who paid $1,500 for the horse. Elevator was bred 
at Laburnum Farm by Mr. Joseph Bryan and passed 
from him to his son, Mr. Stewart Bryan. The dam 
•of the tall gray gelding was Kitsey, a daughter of the 
trotting stallion F. F. V., son of Mambrino Patchen, 
58. Broad Rock. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER 



813 



Miscellaneous. 



VARIETIES OF WHEAT, CORN, ETC., GROWN IN 
THE STATE OF VIRGINIA. 

We invite the attention of the farmers of Virginia 
to the following' communication received hy us from 
Prof. Soule, the Director of the Virginia Experi- 
ment Station, and ask that they will comply with 
the request therein contained. It will mean much to 
the farmers of the State to establish a reputation for 
the production of varieties of wheat, corn, etc, spe- 
cially adapted for specific objects. — Ed. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

"Will you not be kind enough to request subscrib- 
ers to the Southern Planter in Virginia who are 
engaged in the production of named varieties of 
wheat, corn, etc., to advise us of that fact. We are 
frequently requested to inform, not only Virginia 
farmers, but those residing in almost every section 
of the United States, where they can obtain certain 
named varieties of wheat, corn, or other cereals pro- 
duced in the State. It is thus a matter of pecuniary 
interest to every breeder of corn and wheat. to post 
the Station authorities on what they are doing. We 
believe that with the information desired at hand the 
Station can be made of great service to seed pro- 
ducers in the State. 

In our work at the Tennessee Station we found two 
varieties of corn native to Virginia possessing quali- 
ties of unusual merit. These were Cocke's Prolific 
and Virginia Ensilage. The combination of soil 
and climate found in Virginia ensures the successful 
development of varieties of corn adapted for culture 
in the States lying to the South. Therefore the 
breeding of special varieties on a commercial basis 
will provide a profitable industry for many Virginia 
farmers. This is a phase of our agriculture that 
has been overlooked entirely. We have been pur- 
chasing too much seed wheat, corn, etc., from other 
States, and not raising enough of our own. We can 
grow varieties better adapted to our own needs than 
we can purchase elsewhere. 

We should also like to have a list of those engaged 
in the production of improved strains of cereals in 
the State in order that we may secure small samples 
of these grains for testing on our experimental plats, 
and for analysis as well. The writer has always be- 
lieved that, Southern farmers could grow winter 
wheat to advantage, and that this wheat would be 
the equal of that produced in any other section of the 
United States. It is hardly necessary to say that in- 
vestigations along this line were carried on at the 
Tennessee Experiment Station, and a report publish- 
ed as Bulletin No. 4, Vol. XVI. These results were 



so strikingly in favor of Southern grown wheat that 
it created an unusual interest in the subject, and it 
would seem advisable to duplicate the experiments 
on a larger scale. We are, therefore particularly 
anxious to have the addresses of all persons interested 
in the growing of well established varieties of wheat, 
so that we may obtain samples from them for analysis 
and baking tests. 

It is also my opinion that corn produced in the 
South is likely to prove richer in protein than that 
grown in other sections of the country. This is large- 
ly atributable to oar climatic conditions. We pro- 
pose, therefore to undertake an extensive investiga- 
tion to establish the relative merits of Southern 
grown corn for the production of protein, and to de- 
termine as far as possible the influence of soil and 
climate on the same. 

If you will publish this communication in your 
valuable paper, you will confer a great favor on us, 
and I trust that the farmers of Virginia who are 
already interested in this matter, and especially 
those who are endeavoring to establish or improve 
standard varieties of wheat and corn will notify us 
of the fact so that we may be able to secure samples 
for the prosecution of the work as outlined above. 

Believe me to be, with best wishes, 
Very respectfully, 

Andrew M. Soule.. 
Dean and Director. 



SUGAR FROM CORN STALKS. 

Perhaps the greatest new source of wealth that for 
the first time has been publicly demonstrated at the 
St. Louis Exposition, is the discovery of Prof. F. L. 
Stewart, of Murrysville, Pa., that sugar of equal 
quality and quantity may be secured from suitable 
cornstalks as from the sugar cane of the South. The 
jurors of the exposition, recognizing the immense 
value of Prof. Stewart's revelation, have awarded 
him a gold medal, one of the highest awards possible. 

The manufacture of sugar from the cornstalk is 
practicable in all that great territory between' the 
sugar belt of the South and the short-season territory 
of the North. A company is now being incorporated 
and the capital is secured, to erect large factories for 
developing the Stewart process. One factory will be 
erected soon near Fort Worth, Texas, and another in 
Maryland, and others will, no doubt, follow in many 
districts in the suitable latitudes. 

Prof. Stewart has discovered and fully demon- 
strated in the past few years that if the ear of the 



814 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



maize (of suitable variety) is removed at a certain basis of 12 per cent, of sugar in the juice, the esti- 
time (near the roasting-ear condition), the nature of mate, was made by a noted sugar expert, Mr. Edward 
the plant in further growth will be changed, and its Wolf bauer, of New York, that the yield of sugar per 



sugar-making properties will be raised from say 6.70 
to 13.80 per cent., as in one series of tests — -i. e., 12 
to 15 per cent, of sugar may be obtained from the 
juice of stalks so operated uoon. Maize plants have 
long been known to contain sugar in the juice of the 
green stems, and many times efforts have been made 
to utilize it ; but this has hitherto been commercially 
unprofitable — the juice containing too little sugar at 
any of its natural stages, and that obtained was as- 
sociated with relatively large proportions of impuri- 
ties. 

On account of the great value of the other products 
to be secured through the Stewart process, the sugar 
might be considered as a by-product, or its actual 
cost figured as low as one cent per pound for the high- 
est grade (96 per cent.) of unrefined sugar. Unlike 
unrefined beet sugar, but like that of cane sugar, the 
maize cane sugar has naturally a fine flavor, adapting 
it for common use as well as for refining. The pro- 
ducts of the plant under the new process will be — 
first, the ear, suitable for food products or the silo ; 
second, sugar products, including white crystal, yel- 



ton of the corn cane and its cost and value, at about 
present rates, would be : 

PRODUCT PER TON OF STALKS. 

First sugar, 162.7 lb $6.89 

Second sugar, 26.3 lb 91 

Molasses (very low av.) 15 



$7.95 
Less brokerage and freight 15 



$7.80 

Stalks — cost per ton $2.00 

Stalks — transportation 30 

Stalks — manufacturing 2.50 4.80 



Profit per ton stalks $3.00 

Or 38.5 per cent., without including any considera- 
tion of the exhausted chips for paper pulp, or for the 
other products we have mentioned. The quality of 
the pulp from the exhausted matter is superior to that 
from straw or wood. One variety of maize tested 



yielded at the rate of one ton of sugar to the acre, 
low and second-grade 'sugars, table syrup," molasses and 4,000 pounds of dry pulp and 2,500 pounds of 
and levulose, and molasses stock feed; third, the eel-, food products, the latter being equivalent in value to 
lnlose products, including paper pulps, five grades of I 50 bushels of ripened corn. It is intended to maun 



cellulose, and viscous pyroxylin, amyloid and fine 
charcoal. These products of the cellulose structure 
of the stalk are used in the manufacture of many 
commodities demanded in the arts — for making cellu- 
loid, collodion, sizing, varnishes, transparent films, 
incandescent lamp filaments, artificial silk, gun cot- 
ton, smokeless powder, and many other purposes. 
The clean fiber and the cellular matter products re- 
sult directly from the previous ouerations required to 
extract the sugar, so that the process is profitable at 
every stage. 

To test thoroughly the practicability of this pro- 
. several varieties of corn have been grown in 
widely different localities between the 30th parallel 
and the southern limit of the beet sugar region, about 
latitude 40 degrees, and analytical and manufactur- 
ing U'<u have realized all the early promise of Prof. 
Stewart's experiments. In 1808, at Mnrrysville, 
Pa., 12.64 to 13.08 per cent, of sucrose was found in 
the juice of the process stalks; in 1899, process stalk 
and juice samples from Elkhorn Vallev, Neb., yield- 
ed 12.01 to 13.0 per cent, of sucrose in the juice (16 
tons of (rimmed stalks to the acre) ; in 1900, in Ven- 
tura county, CaL, 13.1 per cent, of sucrose and 1.1 
per cent, of invert sugar were found in the juice, 
with process-stalk tonnage of 17^ tons per acre, irri- 
gated : in 1900, similar results wore found in South 
Carolina, Georgia and Pennsylvania tests. Upon the 



facture sugar, cellulose and other products at the 
same works. — R. E. H., in Country Gentleman. , 
St. Louis, November 19th. 



THE LEGUMINOUS CROPS AS FACTORS IN THE 
CHEAP PRODUCTION OF MILK. 

We have repeatedly urged on farmers the import- 
ance of studying the question of the most profitable 
rations to be fed to milch cattle, and especially the 
importance of feeding rations, rich in protein as part 
of the feed. The production of milk is a nervous 
function, depending largely not so much in the rich- 
ness of the food fed as upon the influence exerted by 
that food on the nervous organization of the cow. 
Protein foods have been found much more influen- 
tial in this action than the carbo-hydrates, and 
hence their feeding in due proportion is most es- 
sential in securing a constant yield of milk. The 
question of the particular form of the protein lood 
to be fed is one of great importance in calculating 
the cost of the milk. Bran, as is well understood 
by most dairy farmers, is most valuable as a pro- 
ducer of milk. It is rich in protein but it is usually 
costly, and with wheat selling at over $1 per bushel 
is likely to be still more costly. The legumes, like 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



815 



I alfafa, cow peas, soy beans and clover are all espe- 
cially rich in protein, and can well be substituted for 
bran. Cotton seed meal and old process linseed 
meal are also ricb protein feeds, but are costly wben 
compared witb the leguminous crops. Prof. Soule 
conducted a series of experiments at the Tennessee 
Experiment Station on this question of the cheapest 
form of protein food for production of milk and 
butter, and thus summarizes the results : 

1. The cost of producing milk and butter can be 
greatly reduced by replacing a part of the concen- 
trates in the daily ration of the cow with some rough- 
ness rich in protein, such as alfalfa or cow pea hay. 

2. A ton of alfalfa or pea hay can be produced at a 
cost of $3 to $5 per ton, whereas wheat bran costs 
$20 to $25. As a yield of from 2 to 3 tons of pea 
hay and from 3 to 5 tons of alfalfa can be obtained 
from an acre of land, it is easy to see the great ad- 
vantage the utilization of these roughnesses in the 
place of wheat bran gives the dairyman. 

3. In substituting alfalfa hay for wheat bran it 
will be best in practice to allow one and one-half 
pounds of alfalfa for each pound of wheat bran, and 
if the alfalfa is fed in a finelv chopped condition the 
results will prove more satisfactory. 

4. When alfalfa was fed under the most favor- 
able conditions, a gallon of milk was obtained for 
5.7 cents and a pound of butter for 10.4 cents. When 
pea hay was fed the lowest cost of a gallon of milk 
was 5.2 cents and a pound of butter was 9.4 cents. 
In localities where pea bay grows well it can be 
utilized to replace wheat bran, and in sections where 
alfalfa can be grown it can be substituted for pea hay 
with satisfaction. 

5. These results covering two years' tests with 
different sets of cows, furnish proof that certain 
forms of roughness rich in digestible protein can be 
substituted with satisfaction for the more expensive 
concentrates, and should lend great encouragement 
to dairy farmers. 

6. These tests indicate that with alfalfa hay at 
$10 a ton and wheat bran at $20, the saving effected 
bv substituting alfalfa for wheat bran would be $2.80 
for every 100 pounds of butter and 19.8 cents for 
every 100 pounds of milk. The farmer could thus 
afford to sell his milk for 19.8 cents a hundred less 
than he now receives, and his butter for about 22, as 
compared with 25 cent3 a pound. 



A GREAT JERSEY VICTORY. 

The computations of the results in the St. Louis 
Dairy Demonstration have been now carried to such 
a point that the relative standing of the two great 
rival dairv breeds fthe Jerseys and Holsteins) may 
he correctly stated. 



In Test "A" — herds and individual cows entered 
for demonstrating the economic production of butter 
fat and butter — the value of butter in the case of 
the Jersey herd has been determined as $1710.403. 
The cost of feed consumed by them during the 120 
days of the test has been valued at $722,507, leaving 
a net profit to the credit of the Jersey herd of $987.- 
896, or $39.51 profit per cow. 

The net profit of the Holstein herd in this test is 
$29.20 per cow. So that the Jerseys have been de- 
monstrated to be the more economical producers of 
butter to the amount $10.31 per cow in 120 days. 

Test a B" was for herds and individual cows en- 
tered for demonstrating the economic production of 
milk for all purposes relating to dairying. In this 
test the Jerseys produced fat valued at $1743.206, 
and solids other than fat valued at $327,073. Total 
value of product, $2070.279. Cost of feed to pro- 
duce same, $722,507, leaving a net profit of $1347.- 
772, or $53.91 per cow. 

In Test "B" the net profit of the Holstein herd is 
$46.85 per cow. Thus the Jerseys prove the more 
profitable producers of milk for all purposes of 
dairying by $7.06 per cow for the 120 days. 

As an economical producer of both milk and butter 
the Jersey, therefore, appears as leader in the great- 
est public test ever conducted, and justifies all that 
her friends have claimed for her. R. M. Gow. 

November 15, 1904. 



FEEDING THE TURKEYS. 

The turkeys do not go so far on the range now, as 
the cold nights come on, but wait for a morning feed 
before starting out. They are making rapid growth. 
As we have only oats and corn, we feed a good many 
oats, as that is the best to grow frame. New oats 
just threshed are not a good food, as I have found 
to my sorrow, but at this time of the year after the 
oats have gone through a sweating process they will 
not hurt the turkeys if they are not fed to excess. 

New corn is not good for them, but if it is shelled 
and boiled, it is one of the best and safest foods that 
can be given to aid growth and put on flesh. 

I remember that some years ago when we did not 
have thoroughbred turkeys I had fine success with 
my mixed flock until they were attacked by lice from 
lousy hogs. We lost a good many and believed that 
they were dying with cholera, but now we know that 
the trouble was caused by feeding green corn, pro- 
viding too little grit, and by the lice. I knew noth- 
ing of commercial grit then. We pounded up bro- 
ken dishes and the birds improved for a while, but 
they still ate the green corn, and we did not know 
about the lice. If hogs are lousy the lice will get on 
the turkeys and often prove fatal. If one must feed 
new corn, it must be boiled ; it is then easily digested 



816 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



[December, 



and does away with dangers caused bv indigestion. 
It should never be fed hot, for I believe that warm 
food is one cause of roup, as I have seldom had a 
case of roup since I discontinued feeding warm food. 
—Mrs. Chas. Jones, in Reliable Poultry Journal. 



MORE EGGS IN WINTER. 

Transferring mature pullets to strange quarters 
retards egg production. The early pullets should be 
comfortably and permanently settled in their winter 
quarters early in the fall. They should receive a 
liberal allowance of animal and vegetable foods, 
oyster shells and grit, in addition to the whole grain 
and mashes, and should commence laying this month. 
The pullets are heavier layers in their first year than 
the hens, and for this reason they should constitute 
the flock of winter layers. The average egg-produc- 
tion of the pullets con be increased each year by 
breeding from the greatest layers. During the first 
winter the laying ability of each pullet is noted, 
either by trap-nests or by constant observation of the 
pullets on the nest; the next year the greatest layers 
of these pullets (now yearling hens) are fed lightly 
during the winter and placed in the breeding pens the 
following season. This method of constantly breed- 
ing from the heaviest egg-producers will rapidly in- 
crease the average yield of the females, and will es- 
tablish ;> heavy laying strain in any variety. — Re- 
I nihh' Poultry Journal. 



ASSOCIATION FIXES TOBACCO SCHEDULES. 

The Interstate (Virginia and North Carolina) To- 
bacco Growers' Protective Association has adopted a 
scale of prices for leaf tobacco. It is claimed that 
this organization now has about 7,000 members, who 
are pledged to hold their crops for prices scheduled 
bv the executive committee of th e Association, which 
was appointed to establish equitable values. This 
committee reported that it costs Southern farmers on 
an average 10c. per pound to raise their tobacco and 
have i' ready for market. Last season the Southern 
crop, they say, returned growers not over 7c. per 
pound. The following scale of p rices is figured on 
an average basis of 12-lc, which is co nsidered equit- 
able both from (be growers' and buyers' standpoint: 

Lemon wrappers, common to fine, 25fT/;65c. per 
pound; orange wrappers, 20ra : 60c. ; bright mahog- 
any wrappers I8@35c. ; dark. 18rr?40e. ; bright fill- 
< ]•-. 10(5 20c, ; mahoo-any 10(5 '221c ; dark red fillers, 
10(5)16c.; dark fillers. 8@16c. ; tips, 8@12£c.; 
bright export leaf, 18@35c. ; cutters, do.; bright 
smokers, I0@18c; heavy smokers, 10<r?<16c. ; fillers, 
lugs, do. ; low grades and trash, 5^T'0c. 



Varieties of Corn for Planting — Soy Beans. 

1. What is your opinion of the Southern Snow- 
flake ? Is it an early or a late corn, and will it suit 
hill and low grounds ? 

2. What corn do you think best suited to poor 
hills that will make about five barrels to the acre ? 

3. Do you think it will pay to raise soja beans here 



A S 



UBSCRIBER. 



for hogs and feed. 

Fluvanna Co., Va. 

.1. The White Snowflake corn is a good hill land 
corn, but not so well adapted for low ground, as some 
other varieties. It is a quick growing variety and 
makes excellent roasting ears. It does not grow very 
tall, but makes a good yield. 

2. Hickory King is one of the best varieties for 
thin upland. 

3. Yes. We know a number of farmers who grow 
large areas of soy beans for hogs and for a forage 
crop. We have a high opinion of the soy bean as a 
forage crop. It is more easily cured than cow pea 
hay and makes a heavy yield on good land, and will 
make a good crop on poorer land than cow peas. — 
Ed. 



The Secretary of Agriculture in his report says : 
"The chief purpose of investigations in fruit market- 
ing has been the determination of methods best adapt- 
ed to the harvesting, packing, storing, and forwarding 
of fruits to points relatively distant, with a view to 
developing a wider demand for them. Much atten- 
tion has therefore been given to the development of 
the trans-Atlantic export trade. Large and profit- 
able shipments of Bartlett pears were made from 
Eastern orchards to British markets. It is known 
that more than 75,000 packages of this variety were 
exported, while the total shipments of Eastern grown 
summer and fall pears amounted to at least 165 car 
loads. 

"An encouraging beginning has been effected in 
commercial shipments of American apples to French 
markets. The most important experimental export 
work has been done upon winter apples. The pro- 
portion exported has risen from less than 1 per cent, 
of the estimated total in 1899-1900 to nearly 4f per 
cent, in 1903-1904 — a total of over 2,000,000 bar- 
rels, valued at nearly $5,500,000." 



The stable of runners sent out from Greenway 
Farm, Wilcox Wharf, Va., this season and raced 
under the name of R. Bradley & Co., won over $8,000 
at the Chicago tracks, of which amount $4,125 stands 
credited to Ahola, bay filly, 4, Aloha, dam Mrs. 
Stuart, by Panique. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



817 



THE 

Southern Planter 

PUBLISHED BY 

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING GQMPY, 

RICHMOND, VA. 

Ibsued on 1st of each Month. 



J. F. JACKSON, 
Editor and General Manager. 

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD, 
Business Manager. 



TERMS FOR ADVERTISING 
Rate card furnished on application. 



TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION. 

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER Is mailed to 
subscribers in the United States and Canada 
at 50c. per annum; all foreign countries and 
the city of Richmond, 75c. 

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any 
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to 
receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti- 
cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE 
PLANTER, Descriptions of New Grains, 
Roots, or Vegetables not generally known. 
Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved 
Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel- 
come. Contributions sent us must not be 
furnished other papers until after they have 
appeared in our columns. Rejected matter 
will be returned on receipt of postage. 

NO ANONYMOUS communications or en- 
quiries will receive attention. 

REMITTANCES should be made direct to 
this office, either by Registered Letter or 
Money Order, which will be at our risk. 
When made otherwise we cannot be respon- 
sible. 

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to 
what time your subscription is paid. 

SUBSCRIBERS failing to receive their pa- 
per promptly and regularly, will confer a 
favor by reporting the fact at once. 

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of the Post- 
Office to which your paper Is sent. Your 
name cannot be found on our books unless 
this is done 

Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 

RICHMOND, VA. 



Entered at the Post-office, Richmond, 
Va., as second-class matter. 



DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S 
COLUMN. 

Thistles 793 

Charges for Sale of Live Stock. . . 793 

Growing Onions from Plants 793 

Sow Failing to Breed 794 

Corn and Annual Clover 794 

Improving Land for Peanuts and 

Corn '. . 794 

Smoke House — Curing and Smok- 
ing Meat 795 

Com Stalks 795 

Lime for Corn Land — Paragon 

Chestnuts 795 

Diarrhoea in Chickens 796 

Artichokes 796 

Preparing for Alfalfa 796 

Improving Land in Alabama 797 

Red Clover — Lawn Grass 797 

Fumigating Stable and Born 797 



To Advertisers. 

We wish, to impress upon our 
advertisers the necessity of send- 
ing in all advertisements and mat- 
ter pertaining to advertising, by 
the 25th of each month. 



January Issue. 

Our January issue will, as 
usual, be our regular Holiday 
Number. We are going to make 
it surpass all our previous efforts, 
both as to appearance and contents. 
We will look for the usual co-ope- 
ration of our subscribers in help- 
ing us to extend our circulation, 
and will therefore have a copy of 
the Holiday Number with which 
to start all subscriptions. We 
think this issue alone will be worth 
the price of the year's subscription. 

Advertisers are urgently re- 
quested to send in their copy at the 
earliest possible moment for their 
convenience as well as our own. 
There will not be enough space to 
go around — at least there wasn't 
in any previous similar number. 



To Subscribers. 

We are just on the verge of the 
usual tremendous rush in our sub- 
scription department. We are, 
therefore, going to ask the indul- 
gence and patience of our readers 
in handling their subscriptions and 
club orders. If you do not get 
your papers promptly, rest assur- 
ed they will be along in 10 days or 
two weeks at the most. We will 
greatly appreciate prompt atten- 
tion to bills and notices, which are 
now being sent out. Beginning 
with December issue, all subscrib- 
ers will receive their papers in a 
separate wrapper. ISTo figures will 
appear opposite the name, as for- 
merly, but you will always be re- 
minded in ample time to renew 
your subscription. 



Supplies. 

If you want eggs during the win- 
ter, you must feed Animal Foods, 
such as 

Meat Meal, 
Beef Scraps, 
Blood Meal, 

Bone Meal, 

to take the place of the insects, 
worms, etc., which poultry get in I 
summer. OYSTER SHELLS and 
GRIT are also prime necessities.. 

Write for Prices and Catalogue tell- 
ing what to use for Success and Profit 
with Poultry. 

T, vV« Wood & Sons, Seedsmen, 

RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA. 

We carry complete stocks of Cyphers' 

Incubators and Brooders, Poultry 

Foods, Egg Producers, Lice and 

Insect Powders, Poultry 

Remedies, etc. 

Helpful Catalogue mailed free. 



SAN JOSE SCALE 

and other INSECTS killed by 

GOOD'S 

Caustic Potash Whale-Oil Soap No. 3 

Endorsed by U. S. Dept. of Agri. and State Experiment 
Stations. This soap is a Fertilizer as well as an Insecti- 
cide. 50-lb. kegs,S2.60; 100-lb. kegs, $4.50; half barrel. 
2701b., 8}c per lb: barrel, 4251b., 3Jc. Send for Booklet 
J AMES GOOD. Original Maker, """"»» 
989-41 N. Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 



FRAZER 

Axle Grease «*£&. 

Its wearing qualities are unsurpassed, to 

tually outlasting 3 bxs. any other brand. 

Not affected by heat. 49~Get the Genuine. 

FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS. 



HI 



FUMA 



■ ■ B"n n : ' i ■ M kills Prairie Dogs, Wood- 

' ' chucks, Gophers, and 

Grain Insects. "The 

wheels of the gods grind 

slow but exceedingly 

small." So the weevil, but you can stop their 

wuh '•' Fuma Carbon Bisulphide" a a r s e Z? e a 

EDWARD R. TAYLOR, Penn Yan, N. Y. 




Ki-ausers* Liquid 
Extract of Smoke 

Smokes meat perfectly In a 

few hours. Jlade from hickory wood. 

Delicious flavor. Cleaner, cheaper. No 

smokehouse needed. Send for circular. 

E. KKAD8EE At ItKO., Milton, Pa. 



BANK OF RICHMOND 

Main and Tenth Streets. 



CAPITAL AND PROFITS, - - - $1,134,938.14. 

Special attention paid to out-of-town accounts. Correspondence invited. 

Three per cent, interest allowed in Savings Department, 

Compounded semi-annually. 



818 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



SALES AT BACON HALL. 
Southern Planter: 

With pleasure we report the follow- 
ing sales. Note much better inquiry 
for registered stock, and we still stick 
to the motto, "Satisfaction or no sale." 

Having a son of the champion Berk- 
shire, at St. Louis, at the head of our 
Berkshires, can furnish some prime 
pigs. 

Sales Hereford's. — Louis de Lacroix, 
of North Carolina, 1 bull; T. J. Meyers, 
of Maryland, 14 head Hereiords; Honu- 
quero Central Co. of Cuba, "Giltedge," 
a short 2-year-old, weighing 1,100 
pounds; Herbert Hooper, of Maryland, 
"Bacon Hall," extra well formed Feb- 
ruary calf. 

Berkshires. — J. T Sharpless, of 
Pennsylvania, boar; Frank Walter, of 
Virginia, sow; T. J. Myers, of Mary- 
land bred sow. 

Muscovy Ducks. — H. S. Bowen, of 
Virginia, 4 head; C. M. Bolton, of Vir- 
ginia, 1 diake. Yours truly, 

E. M. Gillet & Son. 

Bacon Hall Farm. 

WIOC RTWC at Wholesale. A^-inch 
■ IXEi r EJlVb stock lence89oper i od. 
Send for price list and FKEE catalosue of Wire 
Fence and full line of Fence Supplies. 
W. ri. MASON & CO., Box 8 Leesburg, OhJo. 



FJENCEmS 

en-tiirht. Sold to the Farmer at Whole- 
sale Prices. Fullj warranted. Catalog free 

COILEn SPRING FENCE CO., 
Box 3J0. 52 Winchester, Indiana. 



FARM FE 

P r PRICE AND QUALITY 
WILL PLEASE YOU — 
WRITE US NOW. 

•DOW WIRE WORKS- Icuisvelle.Ky. 

BEATS ALL I^VeVSe 
agents TO MAKE MONEY 

B. FENCE CO., Peru, Ind. 





B. 




LAWN FENCE 

Many designs. Cheap as 
wood. 32 page Catalogue 
free. Special Prices to Ceme- 
teries and Churches. Address 
COILED SPRING FENCE «0. 
Box Q Winchester, lad. 



I Heaviest Fence. Made. All No. 9 Steel Wire 

15 to 35 CENTS PER ROD DELIVERED 

^We also sell direct to farmers atwholesale prices, 1 

iCoiled Spring, Barb and Soft Galvanized Wire. t 

'rite for Fence Book showing 1 no styles. 

JH£ BROWN FENCE & WIRE CO., 

Cleveland. Ohio 




—f Genuine Spiral Spring Wire 

FENCES AND GATES 

If your dealer does not have ous 
goods In slock you can buydlrec 
at Manufacturers' Price. Writ' 
for Catalogue and secure agency 

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO- 
Columbus, Ohio. 

GINSENG 4. RAW FURS 

Wanted; tall val«e for y«ur goods. Writ* 
for price Hits. AtMreaa H. C. METCALF' 
Alstead, N. H. 



r 



PAGE POULTRY FENGE 



THE STAND-UP KIND 



made of the same strong: quality of coiled wire as 
Page Stock Fences— stretches up like a fence, requires 

fewer posts and no top or bottom boards. 20, 23, 26 or 21 horizontal wiies, 48, 58, 72 

or 78 inches high, with bottom spaces only VA inches. The intermediate horizontal 

wires are number 14 and stand a strain- 

of over 900 pounds each, while the top 

wire and bottom wire are even larger 

and stronger. All wires are heavily 

galvanized — 




—Fences poultry in, stock out— costs: 
no more erected than common nettings ; 
and will outlast 20 of them. If you want ; 
to pasture your bull next to your poultry " 
yard, no other poultry fence will do. Leading poultrymen all over the country en- 
dorse Page Poultry Fences. Our catalogue tells why they are better investments. It 
costs you nothing to investigate. 



90 DAYS' FREE TRIAL—? 



Let us tell you about our 90 days' free 
riii! offer on Pase Poultry Fences. 



prjpr DIDIUf* VbllCC To all needing fencing, who will write for catalogue, 
fnCC rftllllBM IllulrL. we will send a sample of our wire made up into a 

Paring Knife, which illustrates the superior quality of open-hearth, high-carbon steel 

used in the manufacture of Page Wire. 

PAGE WOVEN WIRE FENCE CO., Box 5118, Adrian, Michigan 



HERE'S A FEED GRINDER. 

We have been greatly interested in 
the Latest Ditto's Feed Grinder, for it 
has revolutionized the grinding of ear 
corn and other grains. A large num- 
ber of our subscribers purchased the 
Ditto last year and are extremely en- 
thusiac'tic in its praises Mr. Ditto 
seems very confident of the truth of 
every claim he makes fo." it, for he 
authorizes us to say that he will send 
to any responsible farmer one of his 
two-horse sweep mills for 10 days' free 
trial, with no money in advance. He 
guarantees that it will grind at least 
20 per cent, more grain than any other 
two hcrse sweep mill, ana be easier on 
the horses at that. Its light draft is 
due to the fact that it is the only ball- 
bearing sweep made; it is triple-geared 
and by an ingenious arrangement the 
grinding rings are held apart when the 
mill is running empty, so that they 
never touch or ,";rind upon each other. 
This, of course, makes for long life of 
grinding rings — a most important con- 
sideration. 

Mr. Ditto can be depended upon to 
live up to every agreement he makes, 
and we trust that our readers who 
need a grinder will take advantage of 
his liberal offer. Send to him (G. M. 
Ditto, Box 48, Joliet, 111.) for his 
grinder booklet. You'll be interested. 

A rake is mighty useful as a garden 
tool, but it makes a poor curry-comb 
for your horse. It's a worse mistake, 
though, using common soap to shave 
with. Even the best laundry or toilet 
soap, when used for shaving, will do 
for your skin just what a rake would 
do to your horse's hide. Williams 
Shaving Soaps are made especially, 
for shaving by people who have been 
at It since 1840; and they have learned 
a good many things. Take advantage 
of the offer made elsewhere in this 
paper and you will reap the fruits of 
their 65 years' study. 




BOARD FENCING 

Has many 
Advantages 

over any other •'yle. Let os 
mail sample and tell y«o all 
about it. 

THE TRUSS A CARLE FENCE 
COMPANY, 
o J Doan Ave., Cleveland, 0. 




W i R E • F F N * F 

Heavy lateral wires, heavy hard steel stayB, eoll- 
ed spring wire, Sure Grip Lock. In strength, 
appearance and durability, the Hard Steel can- 
not be excelled. Write for catalogue and prices. 
THE HARD STEEL FENCE CO., Cuyahoga Falls, 0. 




As It Looks When Erected 

Strongest and Best 

By Every Test. 

Hag been fully tested by leading poultrymen. 
All heights (12in. to 7 ft.) Has fine mesh lor 
small chicks. Ovc-r 1,000 rods of this fence used 
on I.akewood Poultry Farm, New Jersey. You 
will be pleased with it. 

Our Low Price will Surprise You. 

We will ship from mills in Connecticut, Illi- 
nois and Cali tornia. and guarantee prompt de- 
1 i very. Catalogue of Farm and Poultry Fenc- 
ing sent free. 

Write Us What You Want. 
Do It To-Day. 



CASE BROTHERS, 
16-22 Main St., Colchester, Conn. 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 



1904.] 



THE SOTJTHEKN PLANTER. 



819 




ARTESIAN 
WELLS. 

Many of the readers of this 
magazine do not know that we 
make a spec- 
ialty of drill- 
in g artesian 
wells. We have 
drilled the 
most notable 
wells in the 
states of 

Virginia 
and North 
Carolina. 

Among them 
the wells for 
the Jefferson 
and Murphy's 
Hotels in Rich- 
mond. 

If interested, 
write for 
| prices. 

"' SYDNOR 

PUMP and WELL 
COMPANY, 

* INC. * 

Box 949, - RICHMOND, VA, 



INTERNATIONAL 
KEROSENE ENGINES 

Stationary, Portable, Ma- 
rine, for Lighting, Pump- 
ing and Hoisting Outfits, all 
kinds of machinery, Laun- 
ches and Boats. Send for 
catalogue and prices. 
INTERNATIONAL POWER 
VEHICLE CO., 354 Third 
St., Macon, Ga. 



EASY to DEHORN 

yonr cattle with the KEY' S-TONE 
Dehorning knife. Operation per- 
formed in an instant with little 
pain. Leaves stump bo that it 
heals qnlckly. The KEYSTONE 
Dehorner U sold on a money hack 
guarantee. Send for free booklet 
giving valuable dehorning facts. 

II. T. Phillips, Boi 45, Pomeroy.Pa. 






GOOD HOUSEKEEPING. 

STUFFED PARTRIDGES. 

This is a new way to cook birds, 
and you will find it most satisfactory 
for a game supper. Select the birds 
that are very little shot about the 
body, pick them, and prepare as you 
do a turkey or chicken for roasting. 
Pour hot water through the body until 
all the blood is washed out, then rub 
inside with a little salt and celery 
seed. Make a stuffing of bread crumbs, 
salt, pepper and butter, and fill each 
bird; tie them up and roast until a 
nice brown, basting constantly. Serve 
one to each guest in a nest of curled 
parsley or celery leaves. 

STEWED BRAINS. 

Wherever I go I see brains fried, 
scrambled, or broiled, but I never see 
them stewed, and they are much more 
delicious that way than any other. If 
you do not believe it, just get a set of 
Drains from your butcher, and pour 
boiling water over them. This makes 
the skin come off more easily. After 
the skin has been removed let them 
stand a little while in cold water with 
a little salt in it to whiten. Then put 
them into a pan with a cup of milk 
and let them stew gently for ten or 
twelve minutes. Add a teaspoon of 
butter, salt, pepper to taste, and serve 
very hot with buttered toast. If you 
can add a half cup of cream just be- 
fore taking them from the fire, all the 
better. 

CALF'S HEAD PUDDING. 

Soak a head all night in salt water 
to extract the blood. The next day 
put it on in a large porcelain or gran- 
ite kettle, well covered with water, and 
let it boil for five or six hours. The 
size of the head must decide the length 
of time to cook. When it is cool 
enough to handle pidk the meat care- 
fully from the bones, and chop it into 
small pieces. Put the water away to 
make soup with for dinner. Put the 
meat into a pudding dish with a layer 
of bread crumbs; season with pepper, 
salt, thyme, and cover with another 
layer of crumbs, adding a few dabs of 
butter, and bake brown. If you like 
onion, it is a very great addition to 
the seasoning. To make the soup of 
the liquor, boil and skim, thicken with 
brown flour; season with a few cloves, 
nutmeg, pepper, salt, red pepper and 
sage, and just before taking off add a 
cup of some light wine, and serve with 
toasted bread, and your guests will 
never know that it is not turtle soup. 

APPLE PIES. 

Make a rich crust and bake it in the 
pie pans. Fill with stewed apples and 
cover the apples with meringue made 
with the whites of two eggs beaten 
stiff; one cup of sugar and a teaspoon 
of lemon extract. Set the pie back 
in the stove and brown slightly. Drop 
dabs of damson preserves about on top 
and serve cold. 

SWEET POTATO PUFFS. 

Make a rich paste, roll thin and cut 
in pieces the size of a saucer. Boil the 
sweet potatoes done, take off the skins 
and beat them up with butter, sugar, 
nutmeg, mace, and a little vanilla; put 




Your Feeble 
OBd Wagon 

has many years' service in it. Re- 
place its shaky wheels with 

ELECTRIC 

Metal Wheels. 

Made to fit any skein. Straight or staggered oval 
steel spokes, east in the hub, hot riveted in the tire. 
Broad tires save rutting and draft. Any height de- 
sired. Write for free catalogue for particulars. 

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., B0X'<« QUINCY, ILLINOIS. 



r&* Let Us Send You ^ 

Our Book. 

about good wheels and good wagons that will save 
you a lot of work and make you a lot of money —the 

ELECTRiC STEEL WHEELS 

and the 

ELECTRIC HANDY WAGON. 

By every test, they are the best. More than one and 
a quarter millions sold. Spokes united to the 
hub. Can't work loose. A set of our wheels will 
make your old wagon new. e atalogue free. 

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., Box 146, Quincy, Ills, 





BUGGIES. 



SURRIES, 
DAYTONS, 
RUNABOUTS, 

SPINDLE WAGONS, CARTS. 

etc. 84 different styles and grades. Fineot 
material and workmanship. Get our prices 
and see our vehicles before purchasing. 
SAFETY BUGGY CO., 1309 E. Main street. 
Richmond, Va, 

SUPERIOR 

Adjustable Storn» 
Hood, non-elastie. 
Fits different bug- 
gies. Can be at- 
tached or detached 
in half a minute. 
Two extra largo 
lights. Gives com- 
§1 plete view. The 
; most serviceable 
hood made. 
Write for Illustrated circular. Address 

J. B. CRETORs. Mfr.. 
31 Poplar st„ St. Paris, Ohio. 





WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT 

and send4 Boggy Wheels. Steel Tire on, . $7.35 
With Rubber Tires, 1*16.00. I mtg. wheels % lo i in, 
tread. Tep Baggies, $28.75 ; Harness. $3-60. Write fol 
catalogue. Learn hew to buy vehicles and parts direct 
Wagon Umbrella FREE. W.V. BOOB, Cincinnati, O. 



HARRIS HARDWARE CO. 

409 E. Broad St., Richmond, Va., 
Breech = Loading shotguns $3.85 

Pocket Knives 
Rifles 
Revolvers 
Robin Hood 
Loaded Shells 



Bicycles and Sundries. 
Hunting Leggins 
Razors and ScissoK 
Hunting Coats 
Gun Covers 



WE ARE AQENTS FOR QOOD THINGS. 



820 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



Feed Mill Sense. 

Feed mills have come to be standard article3 
Experimenting with new makes is likely to provt 
unsatisfactory and costly. In the interest of oui 
readers who are without experience and unable 
to choose between the many different makes, we 
direct attention to the old reliable Quaker Citj 
Grinding Mill manufac- 
tured by The A.W. Straub 
Co., 3737 Filbert St., Phila- 
delphia, and 47 Canal St., 
Chicago. These mills, 
made in 8 different sizes 
to meet every possible 
want, have an honorable 
record of 38 years. They 
are honestly built, right 
working, do a wide range 
of work and are easily regulated for coarse or 
fine grinding, and certainly have given eminent 
satisfaction to a long list of users for many years. 
They grind cob or shelled corn and all grain used 
for feed stuffs, coarse or fine, mixing thoroughly, 
all in the same operation. The Quaker City is a 
dependable mill out of which every user can de- 
pend upon getting satisfactory work. The 38th 
Annual Catalogue with all details may be had 
by writing the manufacturers at either of the ad- 
dresses given above. Feeders without mills will 
serve their own interests by sending for it. 





Satisfy Yourself 

by trial at home (nothingto pay if it fails) that you 
can grind ear and shelled corn and all grains and 
mixed feeds easier, faster and better with the 



New Holland 



Feed 
Mills 

than any other. Trial is absolutely free. Order with 
that understanding, i sizes and 3 styles, including 
small hand power. Saw your wood with New 
Holland Wood Saws and save labor. Three sizes. 

Auk for free circulars and prices. 
New Holland Mch.Co., Boi 153, New Holland, Pa. 



GRIND FINE OR COARSE 

all feeds, ear corn, with or with- 
out husks, all grains, with the 

KELLY 

DUPLEX 

Grinding Mills 

They are the speediest, easiest 
running, strongest and most du- 
rable mill made. FourBi7.es, any 
power. New double cutters, 
force feed, no choking It Is 
m truo economy to buy a Kehy Mill. 

THE 0. S. KELLY CO., 159 N. Lime St., Springfield, Ohio 




Gut! Crush! Shred! 

Prepare your fodder so stock will get all the nourish 
, ment. No waste 

if you use 

Heebnefs 

Feed 

Gutters. 

Prepare corn so stock eat It all and thrive on It. 

With ihr«ld«T .tucbnMDt (16.00 •xt»),Toah.v.«hrM luehlMf la 
gm for miliar, uul .11 fMd rotting, w. m&ka Trwl tod Liter 
P<7wm f ThrMbwi,Wood8*wa..1«. C*ulora« matU4 f«*. 
H««bnor a Sana, 28 Broad St., Len.dala, Pa. 




a tablespoon of this on one side of the 
pastry and turn the other side over; 
dampen the edges to make them stick 
together, and bake. These are really 
very good, and make a nice addition to 
a lunch or cold tea. 

FKUIT CAKE. 

Six cups of flour, 

Four of sugar, 

Four of butter, 

Twelve eggs, beaten very light, sep- 
arately. 

One pound of raisins. 

One pound of currants. 

One-half pound of citron; shave as 
thin as possible. 

Two teaspoons of powdered cinna- 
mon. 

Two teaspoons of powdered nutmeg. 

Two teaspoons of powdered cloves. 

One glass of brandy. Makes two 
loaves. 

SPICE CAKE. 

Four cups of sifted flour, one of 
butter, three of sugar, one of molasses, 
half a cup of sour milk, one teaspoon 
of soda, three eggs, one teaspoon of 
ginger, one of alspice, one of cinna- 
mon, one of cloves, one of mace (all 
these spices must be powdered). If 
you choose, add a cup of dried cher- 
ries, a cup of raisins, and a cup of 
currants and a cup of nuts chopped 
fine, and bake in loaves. 

KUT CAKES. 

One pound of nut kernels, chopped. 
If you use almonds or English wal- 
nuts, blanch the kernels. One pound 
of sugar; the whites of six eggs, 
beaten very stiff; two tablespoons of 
flour. Drop on buttered paper and 
brown quickly in a hot oven. 

GELATINE JELLY. 

Soak a box of gelatine three hours 
in a pint of water. Add one pint of 
wine, two pounds of sugar, a little 
mace, the rind of a lemon shaved 
off. Pour over this two quarts of boil- 
ing water (in very cold weather you 
can use three quarts of water). Stir 
until all is mixed and the gelatine dis- 
solved; then add the juice of the lemon 
and strain. Put in a cold place, and 
it will keep more than a week. 

DELED CHEREY PUDDING. 

Three cups of flour, two cups of 
fruit, one cup of molasses, one cup of 
milk, two teaspoons of cream tartar, 
one cup of chopped suet, or butter, 
one teaspoon of soda. Mix all as well 
as possible, and put into a mould or 
bag and boil three hours. Serve with 
sauce made with butter and sugar and 
nutmeg, with a glass of wine, all beat 
together. You can use any fruit in 
this way and it will be just as good. 

Caeaven. 



Finlayson, Minn., August 10, 1904. 
Box 47. 
Dr. B. J. Kendall Co. 
Enosburg Falls, Vt. 
Gentlemen': — Please seDd me one of 
your books, "A Treatise on the Horse 
and His Diseases." I have been using 
Kendall's Spavin Cure. It is the best 
horse remedy in the world. 
Yours truly, 

ALjTBED Matson. 




Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops 

Clark'i Rer. Bush Plow and Harrow 

cuts a track 5 ft. wide, 1 ft. 
deep. Connects the sub- 
soil water. It is an ex- 
cellent machine for 
I covering in sugar cane. 
Strength guaranteed. 

Can plow a newly out 
forest, stump, bush, or 
bog land, leaves land true, clean for any crop. 

Clark'i Doable Action Cutaway 
narrow mores 15,000 tons off 
artb la a day. 
Send for Circulars. 

Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow 

f\ » Made single or double. 
JSrSfijag, One or two furrows five 
"aP'to ten inches deep; 14 
;)) inches wide. For two or 
four horses. Light draft. 
No side draft. No similar 
plow made. When Clark's grass tools are used 
»i directed in his grass circular, we, the C.H Co., 
guarantee them to kill wild mustard, charlock, 
hard hack, sunflower, milk weed, morning glory, 
Russian thistle or any other foul plant that 
grows, or money refunded. Now is the time to 
commence work for next year's seeding to grass. 

THE CUTAWAY MARROW CO., 

Higganum, Ct., V. S. A. 





STAR PEA HULLER 

WONDER OF THE AGE. 

Guaranteed to hull and clean 
10 to 15 bushels of peas per 
hour by hand, or 20 or 30 
bushels by power. Write for 
circular and prices. 

STAR PEA MACHINE CO., 

Chattanooga, Term. 



BALE YOUR OWN HAY 



ETC. 



MILLET SORGHUM PEA VINES 

: WTTHA"HANDY"BAL£R // SHK A8J y 

THE STRONGEST, MOST Ft3WRFUl//r,,HIF0RM £aT, ,<; 
SWIFTEST AND LIGHTEST 7/ St V>ARD a,r -. 
OPERATING HAND PRESS// tfijgj UIGHT npHEA^ 

BHaf HAY PRESS CO. 

DALLAS/TEXAS. 

.write ros Particulars. 

I CATALOG HAND AHORSE 
POKEK PRESSES FREE. 



TRY THIS MILL 

10 Days Free. 

I will send any responsible 
farmer one of 



Ditto's 




Latest Double Cut 
Triple-Geared 
Bail-Bearing 

Feed Grinders 

On Ten Days Trial— No Money in Advance. 

If it does not grind at least 20% more ear-corn or 
other grain than any other two horse sweep mill 
made send it back at my expense. Don't miss 
this offer. Ball-bearing throughout. Only 10 ft. 
sweep. Light draft. Grinding rings never tonch 
each other— they last for years. Both grinders 
revolve; self -cleaning. Ask for new Catalogue. 

G. M. Ditto, Box 48 JolM, III. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



821 



f 



Telephone 
Facts 



Facts are what the farmer wants, 

whether buying a team or a telephone. 

If you want to know how others have 

built successful telephone lines write 

>» for free book 11! .Our book F- 1 la -Tele- 

U* nhone Facts for Farmers" gives 

~ jk" the facts you ought to know about 

at telephones for farm use, 

%&^f?>°». and whether you buy 

STROMBERG- 

CARLSON 
TELEPHONES 

or not you will be in pos- 
session of information 
which will enable you to 
buy the right telephone, 
build the right line and 
save unnecessary exper- 
imenting. We send it free. 

Stromberg-Carlson Tel. 

Mfg. Co.. Rochester, 

N. Y., Chicago, III. 





TELEPHONES 

and line material for 

FARMERS 1 LINES 

So simple you can build your own 
line Instruction book and price 
list free. 

The Williams Telephone & Supply Co.. 
66 Central Ave.. Cleveland, 0. 



—GREAT- 
HARNESS INVENTION 

FONTAINE SAFETY TUGS 
prevent sores and white spots on horses' 
backs by regulating tension of girth as if it 
were elastic. Prevent buggy running against 
horse if breeching breaks. Prevents girth 
breaking and shafts wabbling. Made of best 
single leather. Outlast other tugs. Hand- 
some in appearance. For sale by D. A. 
Brown's Son, Richmond, Va. Pair sent 
postpaid for $1.50. Write for circular. THE 
FONTAINE CO., Christie, Va. 



SAWS 



( ANY WOOD 
J IN ANY POSITION 
i ON ANY GROUND 
I 4 Into S ft. Through 

1|| an "itb a Folding D c atc 9 MEN wi,h " 
mail Sawing Machine BCdlS & Cross-cutSaw 
6 to 8 cords daily Is She usual average for one man. 
■ BC53 EAST JLX-^-. sB*S=sa ~ SAWS DOWR 

TREKS 




Our 19f>5 Model Machine saws faster, runs easier and will last 
longer than ever. Adjusted in a minute to suit a l-'-year-old 
boy' or the strongest man. Send for catalog showing latest 
improvements. First order gets agency. 
Folding Sawing Mach. Co., 16 So. Clinton St., Chicago, 111. 




SAW 
Wood 

and say nothing. You'll 
save labor and yet 
accomplish something 
with the last cutting 

New HoUand w %lt s 

With lipping table and adjustable trance for rip- 
ping board*, pale*, btth.ete. MaOein :jHizes,lto 12 
h. p. New Holland Feed MiiN i n 3 styles andAsizea 
are best £rrinder3 made. Wri */s for free booklets. 
New Holland Moh. Co., Box 153 New Holland, Pa. 



MONTANA NEWS. 

Almost might one think that in the 
old days some king did reign here su- 
preme in medieval style, for the trail 
by which the railroad finds its way up 
the canyon of Belt Creek into the 
midst of the Belt Mountains, climbs 
upward, upward, ,unt' 1 Monarch sits 
1,000 feet above Great Falls, a coign of 
vantage. A side canyon, steeper and 
yet more picturesque than the Belt 
canyon leads out of this wild country 
on to a series of high agricultural 
lands which are at once an astonish- 
ment and a delight to the eye. Is it 
possible, one asks, that here, 5,000 feet 
high and yet within sight of the Great 
Falls smelter smoke-stack, lies an un- 
dulating farming section as prosperous 
and productive as, perhaps, any region 
of the world? Farmers were coming 
down this canyon with hay, grain and 
potatoes for market. How much are 
you getting for your hay this year, I 
asked. Eleven dollars was the reply. 
And what are oats worth? Oats were 
$1.25 a hundred pounds in this section, 
and weighed 40 and 45 pounds to the 
bushel. How was the potato yield this 
year, I asked one man driving along 
with a ton or more of stacked spuds. 
He was a Swede. Well, he said, pretty 
fair. Not too much. Pretty fair. That 
was all I could find out. Which re- 
minded me of the incident of the engi- 
neer running on a southern Illinois 
train who had a new fireman, and 
when he sent him back to see how 
much water there was in the tank, all 
he could learn was that there was 
"right smart." So he looked himself 
and found "right smart" to be exactly 
nine inches. Later I discovered that 
"pretty fair" probably corresponded 
to about 125 or 150 bushels to the acre. 

Now, the wonder of this Kibbey sec- 
tion, so-called, which includes very 
many square miles of fine farm land, 
is that though you are in sight of the 
desert, yet you might think yourself 
in the rolling country of Illinois. There 
is abundant moisture for the growing 
of enormous crops and no irrigation is 
practiced. This year is the dryest in 
the history of Montana, and yet no 
crops of oats, which I saw ran less 
than 35 bushels, some 45 bushels to 
the acre; wheat 20 and 25 bushels and 
timothy hay a ton and a half — fairly 
good for what the farmers term a fail- 
ure year. 

It is passing strange that here in the 
midst of the foot-hills of the Rockies, 
in a state generally understood 
throughout the country to be largely 
desert and requiring irrigation for 
farming lies in a. big community which 
is, I verily believe, as productive as 
any section of the United States, as 
capable of producing, acre for acre, 
year in and year out, as great a crop 
value as any section of the United 
States. For three feet deep the earth 
is a solid manure. It is no more a des- 
ert than is the Louisiana bottom. 

Yet a 160 farm in the Kibbey coun- 



The Best Cooking Range Made, 

Sold for Cash 

or on Monthly 

Payments. 

$10 to $20 
Saved. 



< 

o. 

H 

r 
o 

UJ 

u. 

Your money 
refunded af- 
ter six mos'. trial if 

Clapp's Ideal Steel Range 

Is not 50 per cent better than others. My 
superior location on Lake Erie, where Iron, 
steel, coal, freights and skilled labor are 
cheaper and best, enables me to furnish a 
TOP NOT< H Steel Range at a clean saving 
of 810 to 820. Send for free catalogue" of five 
distinct lines, over 50 styles and sizes, with or 
without teservoir. for c'itv, town or country 
use. CHESTER D. CLAPP, 247 Lynn St., Toledo, 0. 

(Practical Stove and nanqe Man ) 




THE IMPROVED 




assS 

Chamberlin Mfg. Co., Olean, N. Y„ Li. S. A . 
HERCULES STUMP PULLER 




Clears an acre of heavy timber land each dayt 
Clears all stumps in a circle of 15c ft without 
moving or changing machine. Strongest, mos. 
rapid working and best made. 
Hercules Mfg. Co.. 4)3 17th St., Centreville, Iowa. 



The moiwgh stump Piiiier. 

The best on earth ; 
you make no mistake 
In buying of a man of 5 
years experience Id 
pullingstumps. Weset 
up the Puller and guar- 
antee satisfaction be- 
^S^fore we want your 
•^ money 5 sizes Write 
for catalog and prices. 
JOS.W RITCHIE, State Agent, R F.D. No. 39, Grottoes, Va. 




STUMP PULLERS 04^. 

1% 



150 



WE PAYTHE FREIGHT 

b — CATALOG 

FREE 



H a UP '- t -^ay' 

Dcpt pw.Smith Grubber co lacrosse wis 

and WhiKfcey Habits 

cured ;ir home without 

p.iin. Book of particulars 

Bent riSKK. i:. 'J. 

FAVuolley, .?!.■>., Atlanta, Cia., In3 N.l'ryorSU 




822 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



Cheap eggs 
are as good as 
cheap lamp- 
chimneys. 

Macbeth. 



If you use a wrong chimney, you lose s 
good deal of both light and comfort, anc 
waste a dollar or two a year a lamp or 

r-hinweys. 

Do you want the Index ? Write roe. 

Macbeth, Pittsburgh- 



Sprc^Eiiirips 



e Success of Southern 
Peach Orowlng Depends 
Upon the quality of the 
Fruit. 

Perfect fruit is only possi- 
ble from healthy trees Six 
days work for two men wiil thoroughly 
spray an orchard of 1 001) trees with a 
Hardie.Spray Pump, and no branch of fruit 
cult ire will pay such big dividends as 
spraying. 

Our Beok On Spraying gives you all the In- 
formation you 'eed >>n this •uhjrct in- 
cluding all the best formulas giving you 
the secret of the success of the men who 
have made big money in fruit k< owing. 
Send for this book to-day. It's free. 

Hook-Hardie Co., ££££?- 





Defender 
Sprayer 

All brass, easiest work-" 
ing, most powerful, auto- 
matic mixer, expansio* 
valves, double strainer. 
Catalogue of Pumps and 
Treatise on Spraying free 
Agents Wanted; 
J. F. Gaylord, Box H'2 Catakill, If. «. 



TT7TTT 



Mtiil'liMM 



% 




CLEAN SAFE. DURABLE AND COMFORTABLE. 



!AALtAC[B.CRUMB, F0 ^^ o ^^^; 



try, and in what is known as the 
"Michigan Settlement," with barn, 
granary, cabin and other real improve- 
ments, sold this year for $1,400. Why? 
because half the country has been 
aken up under the desert land law, 
n utter violation of that law, for there 
s no possible way of watering the land 
artificially as required by the law, and 
people, even .those living in Great Falls 
with its 20,000 inhabitants, clearly visi- 
ble from this land, believe that this is 
desert land in reality, and some of 
them will tell that a man will starve 
to death on 160 acres. The business 
■nen of Montana are the most short- 
sighted of men. The Kibbey region is 
one of a hundred in the State, some of 
them of great extent, all of them lying 
among the mountains at elevations of 
from 3,000 to 5,000 feet where the soil 
is the black gneist of the mountains, 
surcharged with potash, phosphorus, 
and nitrogen, the chief elements of 
'ertility, and with the rainfall suffici- 
jnt for grand crops, where the climate 
is as near perfection as can be found, 
a bit cold, perhaps in winter months, 
but bracing and invigorating, and the 
kind that develops fibre and produces 
strong and rugged men. Yet these mer- 
chants grovel to a few stockmen, who 
would monopolize these fertile valleys 
for the grazing of a comparatively few 
sheep and cattle, rather than see them 
settled with the dense agricultural 
population, which would flock to them 
if the facts were known, which would 
bring wealth and greatness to the 
State. 

The country through which I trav- 
eled was about a third settled, hardly 
that. The rest of the land was held 
by stockmen, speculators, fraudulently 
acquired under the desert land law. 
Tom Jones enters a homestead of 160 
acres. Next he makes a desert filing 
alongside of his 160, then his wife 
takes up 320 acres under the desert law 
which requires no residence. This 
acreage, not being sufficient to satisfy 
Jones's land hunger, he prevails upon 
Jim Smith, Bill Wil ams, and Sam 
Brown who live in some adjoining 
town to take up each 320 acres adjoin- 
ing his land and turn it over to 
him for a matter of fifty or a hundred 
dollars a piece. Jones, of course, re- 
lieves these stool pigeons of the re- 
sponsibility of making the irrigation 
improvement supposed to be required 
by the government, and of making any 
cash outlay, but in this section of 
country under discussion these im- 
provements are nil — they have never 
been made. And it may be added that 
this Bill Williams-Sam Brown string 
of dummies can be carried on indefi- 
nitely, and, is the case in many in- 
stances in Montana, simply depending 
upon the ability of the land grabber 
to supply the $1.25 per acre which the 
government must receive for so-called 
desert lands. 

There have been thousands of fraud- 
ulent entries in Montana under the 



'PEED THE PLANT AND THE PLANT 

WILL PEED YOU." ( 



CANADA UNLEACHED 

HARDMVOOD ASHES 

IS "NATURE'S OWN FERTILIZER." 

It is no experiment, and makes good ciops. 
Write for prices and particulars. 

WE KNOW IT WILL PAY YOU. 



T. C. ANDREWS & CO., 

Norfelk, Va. 

Agricultural Lime, Land Plaster, Fertilizers at 
Bottom Prices. 



PERUVIAN GUANO 

Absolutely pure and not 
manipulated. 

A FINE NATURAL BIRD MANURE. 

NEVER HAS BEEN EQUALLED. 
NEVER WILL BE EQUALLED. 

SHIPMENTS FROM|w*ilm%qton.n.c. 
SMITH-DAVIS CO., Importers, 

WILMINGTON, N. C. 



CANADA UNLEACHED 

Hard-Wood Ashes. 

Rich in Potash, Phos. Acid, and Phosphate 
of Lime. The best known top dresser for 
strawberry plants. The cost is much less 
than manipulated fertilizers. Genuine tonic 
for poor land. The results are always satis- 
factory. AGRICULTURAL LIME, PLAS- 
I'KR, NITRO CULTURE, FERTILIZERS, 
etc. 

PERCY L. BANKS, 

P. O. Box 182, Norfolk, Va. 

SAVE THAT PORKER. 

To any person sending us 25 cents In 
stamps or silver we will send by mail * 
bottle of GREGORY'S ANTTSEPTIO HEAL- 
ING OIL, guaranteed to cure every case of 
Cholera in hog or chicken if administered in 
first stage of the disease. Cures colic in 
man or horse In one to three minutes. If it 
fails drop a postal card and we will return 
stamps or money. Pull directions given. 
GREGORY MEDICINE CO., Conway, Ark. 

Send now, as this ad. will not appear but 
three time*. 

For Sale or Trade. 

A Western threshing outfit, 12 horse power, 
good traction engine and a fine Case Sepa- 
rator. One year used. Price very reasonable. 
Will trade for cattle, horses or land. 

MEYER & JEHNE, Farmville, Va. 

ENGINES; ijfHorse Traction 82ft0; 10 Horse 
Traction $'00; Boilers, Engines new and seel 
ond hand from 4 to 100 Horse. Single saw mil- 
Si* ; Double mill 8150; Machinery of every des- 
cription at one-lbird actual value 

D. CASEY, Springfield, Ohio. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



823 



NOT A FAILURE 

In Twenty-Five Years. 

There may be some better criterion of the value 

of aa article than the ''test of time," but if 

there is we do not know of it. 

Kendall's Spavin Cure 

has stood this "test of time"andis more popular 
to-day than ever before. Unequalled tor Spavin, 
Ring Bone, Curb, Splint and all forms of Lame- 
ness. Bead the unsought endorsement of others 
and then act for yourself. 

Tippettrille, Ga., February 14, 1903. 
>r. B. J. Kendall Co., Enosburg Falls. Vt. 

Gentlemen: — I have been using yout remediei for about 
twenty-QT« yeart with snccees. I keep your Spavin Core 
All the time. I have never known of a eingle failure where 
ltwasosed according to directions. I think It ia the 
grandest remedy on earth for what you recommend It. I 
caa tell of ■ number of cases where it was used that got 
Well Is ftfew davs that seemed almost hopeless. Please 
mail sae your "Treatise." Very truly yurs, 

A- B. WALDE^. 

Price. tU £** for * 5 « As a liniment for family 
Tise it has no equal. Ask your druggist for Ken- 
dall's Spavin cure, also "A Treatise on the Horse," 
the book free, or address, 

DR. B. J. KENDALL COMPANY, 

Enosburg Falls, Vt. 



Lump 





Save the animal— save yonr 1 

herd — core every case of ' 

Lump Jaw. The disease is 

fatal in time, and It spreads. Only one way 1 

to core it— use 

Fleming's Lump Jaw Cure 

No trouble— rub it on. No risk— your money I 
back if it ever fails. Used for seven years 
by nearly all the big stockmen. Free book 
tells you more. 

eu\d Riiuj-boixe 

Once hard to cure — easy now. A 45-min- 
ute treatment does it. No other method 
so easy— no other method sure. 

Fleming's Spavin and Ringbone Paste 

cures even the worst cases— none too old 

or bad. Money back If it ever fails. Free 

. Illaatrated book about Lump Jaw, 

r^. Spavin, Kinsbone, Splint, Bog Spavin 

*^ and other stock ailments. Write for It. 

FLEMING BROS., Chemists, 
880 Cnlon Stock Yards, Chicago, 111. 



•SLOANS 
LINIMENT 

5o«gapoi cures 



--jViTiUa* 



& Hog Cholera 

'; 5END FOR CIRCULAR WITH DIRECTIONS 

OR EARL 5 SLOAN 615 ALBANY ST. BOSTON. MA5S 



desert act, an act constructed, and in- 
nocently passed by Congress for the 
purpose of allowing public land steal- 
ing in the West. Should the people of 
Montana set their faces against this 
nefarious law and insist upon the 
carrying out of the principle of the old 
homestead law, with its original five- 
year residence provision, the popula- 
tion cf the State could be surely 
doubled within ten years. 

There are many people in the east, 
now becoming somewhat densely pop- 
ulated, who would gladly grasp the 
chance to obtain a free homestead 
such as their fathers found in Illinois 
and Iowa, and they would come out 
and take up the land of these new sec- 
tions as they are discovered in this 
great State, 470 miles in length — for 
they are being discovered every year — 
and make prosperous and contented 
farm citizens, a bulwark and a wealth 
producer to the nation. As is usually 
the case in such matters, the State is 
too short-sighted; the nation must step 
in. A few men who are making vast 
fortunes largely control public senti- 
ment and would prefer that the pres- 
ent system continue. But the public 
land policy must be changed, in Man- 
tana and in other Western States 
where such conditions exist. The laws 
under which land stealing is rife must 
be amended and repealed, and an 
honest handling of the people's domain 
be substituted The spirit of the Old 
Grow Homestead law must be revived 
and this wholesale grabbing checked 
with a strong hand. In this way, and 
only in this way can we provide for 
our surplus population seeking new 
homes, and at the same time prevent 
great landed monopolies from controll- 
ing the destinies of our new States. 

"A boy gets out of owning a gun 
all the joy there is in it," says a well- 
known wiiter in the Illustrated Sport- 
ing News. "There are mighty few 
pleasures, anyway, tnat a man can 
have that boy does not have on a 
smaller scale, but more intensely. 

"Some boys are hungrier for guns 
than others — that is partly a matter 
of what there is handy to shoot — but 
I never knew a boy who did not want 
a gun, and did not delight in it when 
he got it. It is not because of any 
innate murderousness in the boyish 
disposition, but merely because the 
gun means power, suggests u j relax- 
ation of apron strings, and is an ex- 
ceedingly important and interesting 
piece of mechanism." 

Such opinions have been offered by 
writers the country over. The move- 
ment for this "gun education" of the 
American boy was egun by the J. 
Stevens Arms and Tool to., of Chico- 
pee Falls, Mass., makers of the famous 
"Stevens" firearms. The catalogue of 
this company is a mine of information 
on gun owning, and makes excellent 
winter night reading for grown-ups as 
well as for the boy. It will be mailed 
upon receipt of four cents for postage. 



Horse Owners! Use 

GOMBATJXT'S 

Caustic 




Balsam 



A Safe, 8peedy, and Positive Cu» 
The safest. Best BLISTER ever need. Takes 
the place of all ltnaments for mild or severe action. 
Removes all Bunches or Blemishes from Horses 
and Cattle, SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY 
Oil FIRING, Impossible to produce scar or blemish 
Every bottle sold Is warranted to give satisfaction 
Price SI. 50 per bottle. Sold by druggists, or sent 
by express, charges paid, with full directions for 
Its use. Send for descriptive circulars. 
THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS CO., Cleveland. O. 

MTfiwaimm rMi^ii'. i wmm ii iwi mi min i — 



■ HEATH TO HEAVES 
tiuaranteed 




NEWTON'S Heave, Cough. Blx 

temper and Indigestion Inr*. 

A veterinary specific for wind, 
■ ^T, D throat and stomach troubles, 
*&& t ^ Strong recommends. $1.00 pel 

can. Dealers. Mail or Kx. paid. 

The Neoton Remedy Co-, 
Toledo, Ohio. 



NO riORE BLIND HORSES. 

For Specific Opt .almia, Moon Blindness, and 
other Sore Eyes, Barry Co., Iowa City, la have a 
sure cure. 

VIRGINIA DIVISION. 

FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION. 

Chartered by State of Virginia. 
A Fire Insurance Association for Fanners of 
Eastern Virginia. 
Organized January 9, 1899; amount insured 
January 9, 1904, $400,000; policies secured by 
real and personal property, estimated value, 
$1,000,000. Send for statement of plan and book 
of membership to CHAS. N. FRIEND, Gen- 
eral Agent, Chester, Va. 

.DON'T LOAF. 
THIS WINTER. 

Country salesmen wanted. We teach art of 
selling, pay commission, and guarantee sal- 
ary Great opoprtunity for young farmers 
and teachers to learn business. J. B. CRAB- 
TREE, Richmond, Va. 

WANTED, 
Position as Manager 

of a fully equipped estate by a man of prac- 
tical experience and agricultural colleg* 
training. Salary or shares considered. A. 
G., care Southern Planter. 

WANTED, 

PLACE AS FOREMAN OR MANAGER 

on farm; experience in farming, dairy, truck, 
poultry and stock raising. References ex- 
changed. T. R. P., 3 W. Grace, Richmond, 
Va. • 

"Feeds and Feeding' 

Prof. Henry's Great Book for 
Farmers and Stockmen. 

Delivered anywhere for - - $2.00 
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25 

Mention The Southikh Plahtbb la 
writing. 



824 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 




BLUE RIBBON SEEDS 

WERE AWARDED THE 

GOLD MEDAL 

at Louisiana Purchase Exposition 

ST. LOUIS, 1904. 



Our New Catalogue rfwm III- 

™~ — — ^^— — — — ta j n f u Q infor- 
mation about improved Seeds, Crops, 
Culture and valuable hints to farmers 
and gardeners. 

Mailed Free L,L 0U mentlon this 

— — — — WOOD=STUBBS & 

COMPANY, Seedsmen, Louisville, Ky. 



Emporia Nurseries 

are now offering at reasonable prices No. 1. 
APPLE TREES 1 and 2 yr., mostly late 
kinds, of high grade stock, which is being 
praised as the FINEST STOCK EVER OF- 
FERED IN THIS COUNTRY. KIEFFER 
PKvKSland 2 yr., GRAPE VINES, SHADE 
TREES PEACH, PLUM, MICHAEL'S 
EARLY STRAWBERRY, the best early 
berry at 11.25 per 1,000; 25c. per 100; Apple, 
4 to 5 ft., 10c. each; $8 per 100; Apple and 
Peach as above, 5 ft. up, 15c; $10 per 100; 
Kieffe'r Pear, 5ft., 50c, or $5 dozen; Boton 
Plum, 4 to 5 ft., 25c; $15 per 100; Concord. 
1 yr. Cottonwood Shade Tree, 5 ft. up, 25c, 
Niagara and Worden Grape, 2 yr., $5 per 100; 
or $10 per 100. We can ship any time. Send 
money with order to insure prompt filling. 

EMPORIA NURSERIES, 

Emporia, Va. 

Trees ■ Trees 

I offer a fine lot of whole root trees. 

APPLES, PEARS, PEACHES, 
CHERRIES, PLUMS, GRAPE 
VINES, RASPBERRIES, Etc. 

Save avrent's commission by send- 
ing your order to the nursery. 
CATALOGUE FREE. All Stock Inspected 
— —...hoi" ■ — and Fumigated. 

WERTZ'S NURSERY, SALEM, VA. 



THE 



NUT NURSERY GO. 

MONTICELLO FLA. 

Growers of FANCY and RARK * kllRTTF.S 
by grafting In all of the more Important 
species of nuts. We have probably the 
FINEST STOCK OP" GRAFTED PECANS in 
the South. Catalogue for the asking. J. F. 
JONES. Manager. 



Mention The Southern Planteb in 
writing. 



THE LEHMAN HEATERS. 
The attention of our readers is in- 
vited to the ad. of Lehman Brothers, 
New York City, in which they are of- 
fering their well-known home, car- 
riage, automobile, wagon, and sleigh 
heaters. This heater strikes us as be- 




ing a most useful device, and as the 
cost for operating is so very low, we 
certainly imagine that almost every 
farmer in the country would readily 
own one. 

Refer to the ad., and send to this 
firm for an illustrated descriptive pam- 
phlet. 



A STRIPED CAVALRY HORSE. 

A REMARKABLE ARTIFICIAL ANIMAL THAT 
IS REVOLUTIONIZING EUROPEAN MILI- 
TARY OPERATIONS IN AFRICA. 

St. Louis. — The visitor to the ex- 
hibits of German East Africa at the 
World's Fair is surprised to see, in 
the photographs of military manoeu- 
vres taken at the principal cities of the 
colony, that all the officers and troop- 
ers are mounted on striped horses. On 
reflection one decides that these must 
be zebras, and is surprised to find that 
so wild and shy an animal has been 
successfully reduced into a state of 
such docile subservience to human util- 
ities. 

Neither supposition, however, is cor- 
rect; but, rather, the two are equally 
true and equally false. The animals 
in question are "zebrulas," which are 
a hybrid between the horse and the 
zebra. 

Many experiments in the cross-breed- 
ing of wild animals have been made 
at the Hagenbeck Zoological Gardens, 
in Hamburg. Many have been success- 
ful, but the zebrula is the only pro- 
duct thus far yielded that has already 
attained to great commercial impor- 
tance. The first experiments in the 
crossing of the horse and the zebra 
were made about nine years ago. With 
experience they became more and more 
successful, until the zebrula, as the 
animal thus artificially produced was 
called, reached a high state of perfec- 
tion, combining the docility of the 
horse with the special qualities of the 
zebra. 

The German army in Africa had suf- 
fered great inconvenience from inabil- 
ity to acclimate the horse and mule 
in that part of the world and secure 
them from the ravages of the deadly 
tse-tse fly, which had destroyed tens 
of thousands of mules since the first 
attempts at the introduction of the 
latter. 

As soon as the military officers of 
the German government heard of the 



COW PEAS 

for sale. We offer for December, January 
or February shipment the following varieties 
of COW PEAS, all 1904 Crop, and free from 
weevil : 

CLAY, BLACK, WHIPPOORWILL, REB 
RIPPER, WONDERFUL, and CALICO. 

At 8125 per bushel for prompt shipment; 
$1.35 per bushel for deferred shipment; 
WHITES, $1.65 per bushel all f. o. b. Hick- 
ory. 1 MALTESE DONKEY, 18 mos. old, 
price, $40 f. o. b. here. Also a few pairs of 
CHOICE BERKSHIRE PIGS, at $15 per pair. 
HICKORY HILLINU COMPANY, 
Hickory, IN. C 

Strawberry Plants, 
Trees, etc. 

$1.60 buys 1,000 nice young STRAWBERRY 
PLANTS, and If you are not satisfied with 
them, you can get your money back. Send 
for free catalogue. JOHN LIGHTFOOT, R. 
F. D. 2, Sherman Heights, Tenn. 

Largest Peach Tree Growers 

IN THE SOUTH. 
Write for our new illustrated 
and descriptive catalogue of 
general Nursery Stock. 

CHATTANOOGA NURSERIES, 

Chattanooga, Tenn. 

.alfalfa Seed Kr^ft 

INOCULATED ALFALFA SOIL, 75c. 100 
lbs.; $10 a ton. RECORDED HEREFORDS, 
almost beef prices. J. N. SHIRLEY, 

Lebanon, Ind. 

EDW. 5. SCHMID, 

Emporium °f Pets 

SINGING BIRDS, FINE BRED FOWLS,. 
CAGES, PIGEONS. DOGS, PET ANI- 
MALS, GOLD FISH, AQUA- 
RIUMS, DOG AND BIRD 
FOODS, MEDICINES, 
ETC. 




PRAIRIE STATE INCUBATORS. 

BROODERS of the best make. 

Large catalogue free. 



712 12th Street, N W., 

WASHINGTON, O. C. 



Bum ImT • 



ALL KINDS OF 

LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS 

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White 
Squirrels, Ducks, Swans. Bob White 
Quail, Grey Squirrels, Bear, Baby Rac- 
coons, Foxes Etc. 

DR. CECIL FRENCH, 
718 Twelfth St. N. W., Washington 0. C 




GREENSBORO, N.C. 



For the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE .n* 
ither Drug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaustion 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



825 



Williams' 
ShavingSoap 

" The only Soap fit for the face " 

Williams' Shaving Sticks and Tablets sold every- 
where. Free trial sample for 2-cent stamp to pay 
postage. Write for booklet " How to Shave." 

The J. B. Williams Co., Glastonbury, Conn. 



"Crop Growing 
and Crop Feeding." 

By Prof. W. F. MASSEY, 
383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper, 50c. 

We offer this splendid work In connec- 
tion with the SOUTHERN PLANTER 
at the following prices: 

Southern Planter and Cloth 

Bound Volume, $1.25. 
Southern Planter and Paper 

Bound Volume, 90c. 
Old or new subscriptions. 

IMPORTANT 

To Land-Owners. 

Do you realize the importance of having a 
good map or plot of your land? I make a 
specialty of copying worn and faded farm, 
town lot and other maps, and to making 
maps and plots from metes and bounds as 
described in deeds. If you want old maps 
copied, mail to me, or if you want a map 
made from your deed, copy metes and 
bounds and mail to me. 

DON'T PUT IT OFF. 

After you have lost your old maps or they 
have become too badly torn and faded, it 
will be too late. 

SPECIAL ATTENTION given to surveying 
and dividing large tracts of land In Virginia 
and North Carolina. My charges are: For 
maps, $2 and up, according to size, and $1 
and up for calculating area. Mail me what 
you want done, and I will quote you price 
for same. DAVID T. WILLIAMS, Civil En- 
gineer and Surveyor, 336 Main street. Dan- 
ville* Va. 



FOR EVERYTHING; 
NHW OR SECOND-HAND; 
SOLD OK RENTED. 
Write for prices. 



BAGS 

RICHMOND BAG COMPANY, Richmond, Va. 



FARMS WANTED 

For two Western farmers; we want Eastern 
Shore farms for cash rent, with privilege of 
buying in renting time. Farms must be 
well adapted for stock raising and with 
water front. MEYER & JEHNE, Farmville, 
Ta 

Mention The Southern Planter In 
writing. 



Hamburg experiments, they began to 
watch them with close attention, and 
as soon as possible undertook to test 
the applicability of the zebrula to mil- 
itary uses. The zebra, which is native 
to the country, can only be broken to 
the saddle or the harness by many 
years of skillful discipline, and even 
then never becomes trustworthy; but 
the new animal was found to be as 
gentle as a horse, much stronger than 
a mule, and entirely immune from the 
tse-tse. 

The Imperial Government of Ger- 
many then established a breeding sta- 
tion in its African colony. At this 
station zebrulas are being bred as rap- 
idly as possible, and already they are 
regularly used in the mountain bat- 
teries of the colonial service. They 
are being introduced, for mounting of- 
ficers and men, and for draught pur- 
poses, in the other branches of the 
service as fast as they become availa- 
ble in sufficient numbers. 

Several specimens of the zebrula 
have been exhibited in the great live 
stock pavilion of the World's Fair, and 
made quite a sensation there because 
of their wonderful beauty. They have 
now been removed to the Hagenbeck 
collection of wild animals in another 
part of the grounds. Those exhibited 
are perfectly broken to the harness, 
and present so many good points that 
numerous persons have made inquiries 
with a view to acquiring similar ones 
for fancy driving. 

Germany will probably absorb for 
military purposes all the available sup- 
ply for several years to come; but 
whenever these animals have been 
produced in sufficiently large numbers 
to enable them to be placed upon the 
general market it is likely that they 
will become one of the fads of the 
hour, and no member of what we used 
to call the "smart set" will be con- 
tented to drive otherwise than behind 
a spanking pair of zebrulas. 

Besides the cross between the horse 
and the zebra, a similar hybrid is dis- 
played, which is a combination of the 
zebra and the donkey, and therefore a 
sort of zebrula mule. 



I 



SURE HATCH INCUBATOR. 
The Sure Hatch Incubator Company, 
whose ad. will be found in another col- 
umn, write us that their new machine 
has a great many improvements over 
their old machines, as well as incu- 
bators, of any other make. One of the 
principle features is that the water- 
heating device has five-sixths of its 
surface exposed to the direct action 
of the lamp heat, leaving only one- 
sixth of the surface exposed to the ex- 
ternal cold. This principle will be 
found to be reversed in most other 
machines. This is only one of the 
many points of merit, which sold up- 
wards of 24,000 of these machines last 
year. A full description will be found 
in the beautiful illustrated catalogue 
of this company, which they will mail 
free to those requesting it. 



BanKin!g' 
By Mail 

The Citizens Sav= 
ings and Trust Co. 

of cuveland, is the largest and 
oldest Trust Company in Ohio, 
having a capital ar.d surplus ot 
SIX MILLION DOLLARS 
and total deposits of over 
THIRTY MILLION DOLLARS 

4% Interest 

is paid on Savings Accounts of 
ONE DOLLAR and upwards, 
which can be sent safely by Ex- 
press or Post-office Money Order, 
Check on local bank, New York 
Draft or Currency by registered 
mail. Send for Booklet H. 



Make Your Idle Money 
Earn You Interest. 

Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK 
of RICHMOND, VIRGINIA for Infor- 
mation concerning its certificate of 
deposit, so arranged that one per 
cent, may be collected every FOUR 
MONTHS through your nearest bank 
or store. 

Our experience proves this form for 
savings to be the most satisfactory 
plan yet devised for deposits of 8100.00 
or more. 

Our Capital and Surplus is 

ONE MILLION DOLLARS. 

JOHN B. PURCELL, President. 

JNO. M. MILLER, Jr., Vice-Pres. & Cashier. 
CHA3. R. BURNETT, Assistant Cashier. 
J. C. JOPL1N, Assistant ("ashler 



FINE FAR 

FOR SALE, 

273 Acres, 6 miles from Chase City, Va. 

Seventy acres cleared, balance in 
wood; 45 acres in timothy arid herds 
grass. Six room dwelling, all necessary 
outhouses, barns, s-tables, etc. Well 
watered by c eek and branches. Price 
$3 per acre; one-third cash, balance to 
suit. Address 

~"~"""W. H SAUNDERS, Chase City, Va. 



826 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



Northern Virginia Farms. 



01 every class, adapted to Grain, Fruit, 
Dairy and Blue Grass, within five to 
thirty miles of Washington, D. C. 

No. 5.— 163 acres; half timber, bal- 
ance cleared; 1J miles from station. 
Good 7 room house; large barn; good 
water. Price, $2,000. 

No. 16.— 130 acres; 20 in timber, 
balance cleared. Good land. In good 
condition. Comfortable 4 room house. 
Fine water. Five miles from station. 
Fronts on Pike. Price, $20 per acre. 

No. 22.-225 acres. Two and one- 
half miles from station. Forty acres 
timber, balance cleared. Fine land. 
In good condition. Good 7 room 
house. Large barn, etc. Price, $20 
per acre. 

No. 23.— 50 acres truck and fruit 
farm. Price, $2,650. 

No. 30. — 50 acre farm in Loudoun 
county, 3J miles from rail. Price, 
$1,600. 

No. 33. — 400 acre farm in Loudoun 
county. Good grain and grazing land. 
Price, $7,500. 

No. 36.-275 acre farm in Fairfax 
Fine quality of grain and grass land. 
Good buildings. Refined and edu- 
cated citizens. Price, $7,000. 

See April and May issue of South- 
esn Planter for description of the' 
above farms, and write for my farm 
list and full information. 

W. E. MILLER, = Herndon, Va. 



Desirable Farm, 

"With Unsurpassed . . . 

Educational Facilities. 

201 acres in the Bright Tobacco Section of 
rince Edward county, for sale, within 400 
yards of old historic Hampden-Sldney College 
One-half of land clear ond under active cul- 
tivation. This farm is fenced in with cele- 
brated Styron Pence with cedar pickets, and 
is equipped with the most modern farming 
implements. Ten room house, with office in 
yard; also stable, cow shed, good well and 
ice house, with a spring of mineral water 
near by. The macadamized road connecting 
Farmvllle and Hampden-Sidney, runs through 
the place. Having educated my boys, I In- 
tend to leave the county, and will sell cheap 
my furniture, horses, cows, farming imple- 
ments and farm. Address MARY C. REY- 
NOLDS, flamnden-Sidney, Va. 



On account of poor health, I will sell my 
valuable 

1,000 Acre Farm, 

which Is well adapted to stock, hay, pas- 
ture, small grain, corn and cotton; two-thirds 
under cultivation and in pasture; one-third 
In nice marketable timber, pine, poplar, oak, 
gum, ash, persimmon and cypress; new, 
modern, 9-room dwelling, 3 tenant houses, 
2 new and 2 old barns, and other outbuild- 
ings, Z miles from railroad; daily mail; one- 
fourth mile from church, .schools, cotton gins, 
saw and grist mills; thrifty village; 7 miles 
from city; wharf on farm. If desired, will 
Kell 75 bead of .Jersey and Holsteln cattle. 
Will sell farm for half Its value. 

W. H. BUFFKIN, 

Box 237, Elizabeth City, N. C 



ANTE-NATAL INFLUENCES— NO. 2. 
"Mary Washington." 

A woman is extraordinarily impres- 
sionable during the period of gestation, 
which is proved by the fact that if 
she experiences a sudden shock or 
fright at this time, her infant is very 
apt to be born deformed or weak- 
minded. The danger, however, is 
greater in the- earlier stages of preg- 
nancy and decreases towards its close. 
Miss Muloch's story, "A noble life," 
turns on an incident of this kind. She 
represents the hero as being born fear- 
fully dwarfed and misshapen owing to 
his mother having seen her husband 
drown before her eyes the day before 
the infant was born. But herein Miss 
Muloch made a great blunder, remark- 
able in a woman of her intelligence 
and information. The dwarfing and 
deformity of the child could not have 
occurred at this late stage, though it 
might well have taken place a few 
months earlier, had the mother then 
been subjected to such a shock. 

It is a well known historical fact 
that the timidity and cowardice of 
James the 1st of England, was due to 
the fright his mother experienced 
when her favorite, Rizzio, wao assas- 
sinated in her presence. I read some 
years ago in the papers a terrible and 
giuesome instance of the power of 
ante-natal * influences, combined, 
doubtless, with heredity ones, intensi- 
fied in the transmission. A butcher's 
wife, during a period of pregnancy, 
used to watch her husband slaughter- 
ing animals — both husband and wife 
being probably of a peculiarly low and 
coarse type. The child to which she 
gave birth became a murderer before 
he was twelve years old, slaughtering 
one of his little companions with a 
sharp knife. When questioned in court 
as to his motive for the deed, he said 
"he didn't know why he did it, but he 
loved to stick a knife in any one." 

The impressionable state of the preg- 
nant woman has, however, its bright 
side, as well as its perilous one. It 
also readily takes on pleasant impres- 
sions. We can easily trace the effects 
of a woman's hearing fine music, read- 
ing fine books, mingling with charm- 
ing and improving associates. In 
short, all the mother's pursuits, and all 
her states, both mental and physical, 
exert more or less influence on the un- 
born child. 

But the bed rock of the child's char- 
acter, I believe, is chiefly determined 
by the predominant traits of the rather 
or mother or other ancestors. At all 
events, the child gets his tendencies 
this way, though, of course, he may 
either confirm or overcome these. 

The father of the expected child has 
a larger or more important part to 
play than anyone else in creating a 
serene and cheerful atmosphere around 
the mother. The tie between husband 
and wife is so close (for weal or woe) 
that the state of mind of one is very 
dependent on that of the other. An 



VIRGINIA THfe A ^ E 

. . . TO . . . 
FIND THE BEST 



HOMES 



Where Health, Climate, Soil, Location 
and markets are unsu' passed. Any 
size, place and price to suit ihe buyer 
of a stock, truck, fruit, poultry or fi»h 
and oyster farm. The James Klver 
Valley Colonization Co. offers super- 
ior advantages to land buyers. Write 
for free 36 P. pamphlet giving f jll par- 
ticulars. 



W. A. PARSONS, 

C. & 0. Main St. Depot, - - Richmond, Va. 

ESTABLISHED 1875. 



•To Homeseekers** 

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING 
IN VIRGINIA." 

Is the title of a new pamphlet Issued by the 
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We 
will gladly mail you a copy. 
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERBR, Agt., 
G. P. A., Lands and Immigration, 
Roanoke, Va. 

Northern Virginia, 

drain, Fruit, Dairy and Blue Grass Farms of 

every Class within one hour of Washington, i). C. 

LOUDOUN COUNTY 

Farms a Specialty .... 

Catalogue on application. 

P. B. BUELL CO. SON. 
Real Estate BroKera, 

Herndon, Fairfax Co., Va. 

Old Virginia Farms 

25, 50, 100, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 acre tract*. 
Some of these highly Improved and cony«- 
nient to schools, churches, steam and trolley 
lines. Send for our new catalogue. HOCK- 
ADAY, CASSELMAN & CO., Box 257, Rich- 
mond, Va. 

630 ACRE FARM 

Near Keysvllle, Va., for sale at $4.00 per 
acre. This farm Is well wooded and watered; 
about half of It Is In original growth timber 
valued at several thousand dollars. Am anx- 
ious to sell. Correspondence invited. T. IB. 
ROBERTS, Chase City, Va. 

FARM LANDS. 

The best locations, choicest lands In Vir- 
ginia. Grains, Grasses, Fruit, Poultry, Dairy, 
Stock. For catalogue and further Informa- 
tion, address 

Real Estate Trust Co., 

RICHMOND, VA. 

I Can Sell Your Farm.... 

U located In one of these Virginia counties: 
Frince George, Chesterfield, King William, 
Oloucester, New Kent, King and Queen, 
Hanover. Send description, stating price. 
JOHN JELINEK, 1116 Pine Alley, 
Braddock, Pa. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



827 



• ^« VIRGINIA FARMS •-**• 

Nice little poultry farm, 100 acres, good house 
and orchard, $500.00. Blue Grass, Stock and 
Prait Farms. AddresB PORTER & GATES, 

Louisa, Va. 



Go South. 



For full par- 
ticulars write 
A. JEFFERS, 
Norfolk, Vi. 



rinUO In the great fruit grain and 
rnniTIO stock section of VIRGINIA. 
Jest climate and water in the U. S. Near great 
markets, with best educational advantages. 
For further Information, address 

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO., 
Sam'l B. Woods Pres. Charlottesville, Va 

"In the Green Fields of Virginia." 

Homes for ALL; Health for ALL; Happi- 
ness and Independence for ALL. ALL size* 
of FARMS at corresponding prices, but ALL 
reasonable. 

MACON & CO., Orange, Va. 
NEW JERSEY 

Income Property 

to exchange for large farm In Virginia or 
North Carolina. Address W. F. HOLMES, 
Milburn, N. J. 

VIRGINIA FARMS 

S3 P€» A^ne AND UPWARDS 
EAST PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FREE. 

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Va. 

Established 1875. 

..Second Hand Bags.. 

Wanted. Any kind, any quantity, aaywhere. 
I pay the freight GEO. T. KING, Rich- 
mond, Va. 

AI1PDDI PniTO are handsome, hardy and 
ANbUnA UUA I O profitable For large cir 
cular address E. W. COLE & CO.. Big Clirty. Ky 

ANGORA GOATS, 

CHESHIRE HOGS, 

PONIES for Children. 
Dr. WM, C. JOHNSON, Frederick, Md. 

Angora 
Goats.. . 

"The Wealth of the Wilderness." A 32 
page pamphlet, by Geo. Edward Allen. Price, 
25c. It's worth it. 
THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va. 

Homer Pigeons, 

Bred of choicest selected stock, from Ply- 
mouth Rock Squab Co., $1 per pair. 

C. DE BRUYN KOPS, Wake, Va. 

Some Solomon Has Said: 

"If you want fine stock you 
mutt breed to fine stock." 

The Cedars P. & S. Farm is the home of 
"Richard," the great German Coach Stal- 
lion, by imported Bismark. Also Registered 
Jersey Cattle, Duroc Jersey Swine, Llewel- 
lyn Setters, Beagle Hounds, Bronze Turkeys, 
and B. P. R. Fowls. WM. G. OWENS, Mid- 
lothian, Va. 



unloved, unkindly treated wife cannot 
possibly be in a tranquil and happy 
state of mind. Where such a tragic 
state of things exists, it seems almost a 
misfortune that there should be any 
children, but if there are, you may 
trace in them the effects of the wife's 
disquiet and depression during the 
ante-natal period, as well as subse- 
quently. , 

But even where a husband is not un- 
kind, he is not always as thoughtful as 
he might be. He is constituted so dif- 
ferently from a woman that he does 
not realize the immense value she sets 
on a loving word or caress, nor how 
her heart aches when these are with- 
held, perhaps, from mere inadvertence 
or from the pressure of some outside 
care. When a woman is expectant of 
maternity, then is the time above all 
others that her husband should show 
her the most thoughtful tenderness 
and strive in every way to cheer and 
interest her, and to create around her 
a bright, loving and serene atmos- 
phere. Now is the time he should keep 
strictly in curb any tendency to croak- 
ing, fault-finding or irritability, if he 
is disposed to indulge in any of these 
very disagreeable traits. At this time, 
above all others, he can help and brace 
up his wife by his tenderness and care 
which will not only be a blessing to 
her, but of incalculable benefit to their 
unborn child. And on her part, let her 
fill up her life with gracious deeds, 
kindly words and useful pursuits 
striving to keep all anger and bitter- 
ness out of her heart and life, and all 
unworthy and corroding thoughts out 
of her mind, trembling lest these might 
leave an impress on the little creature 
that is "bone of her bone and flesh of 
her flesh." 



Mention The Southern Plakte* In 
-writing. 



DOG NOT FOR DUCHESS. 

EOXBUEGHE'S AMERICAN BRIDE REBUKED 
BY SHEPHERD AT LEDBTJRGH BAZAAR. 

Kelso, Eng., Oct. 8. 

The Duchess of Roxburghe recently 
had a practical little lesson in the fact 
that money cannot do everything. 

Just as the ducal party was leaving 
the bazaar the duchess was attracted 
by an especially fine black and hazel 
collie in the possession of a poor old 
shepherd from the neighboring hills. 
She called him to her and asked for 
how much he would sell the dog. The 
old man replied that it was not for 
sale. 

SHEPHERD OFFERS REBUKE. 

The Duchess offered $50, then $100, 
the shepherd still shaking his head. 
Finally she raised the offer to $500. 
The old man, who was miserably 
dressed in a shepherd's tartdn plaid 
and Tarn O'Shanter, drew himself up 
proudly and said: 

"Ma leddy, gin ye were the queen 
hersel me and ma dowg wull ne'er be 
parted for siller." 

The Duchess said she admired his 
disinteredness, and afterwards sent 
him a handsome present. 



A VERY FINE 

Virginia Bred Jack, 

2 years old the 10th of last June ; large 
for his age and a perfect beauty. Price 
$350 cash, or will take $100 down and 
note for balance, to be well secured and 
bearing 6 per cent interest until paid. 
Don't go West and pay a fabulous price 
when you can get better stock at home 
for less money. Writf or come to see 
me. J. E. THOMASSON, Bumpass, 
Virginia. 



KENTUCKY JACK FARM 

I have now the finest 
and be«t lot of big, 
black, Spanish and Ken- 
tucky-bred Jacks that 
I ever had. in my 18 
years' breeding exper- 
ience, to offer to the 
trade. Write or come to 
see me. You will find 
mv prices right. JOE. E. 
WRIGHT, Junction City, Ky. 




KNIGHT & JETTON, 

Breeders of a"d dealers in 

JACKS, 

JENNETS, STALLIONS, 
Durham and Hereford 

Yearlings. 

FINE JAr'KS a specialty. 
Send Stamp for catalog. 

Murfreesboro, Tenn. 





JACKS, 

JENNETS, 

STALLIONS. 
Pine Jacks a specialty. 

Write for what you want. 
W. E. KNIGHT & LO., R. F. D. 5, 

Nashville, Tenn. Phone 3095L 



COLLIE PUPS 



By Imported Sires. 8able and white and tri- 
colors. Prices. 88 to $15. Older ones correspond- 
ingly low- Book on Training, 50 cents: Free if 
yon buy a Coille. 
MAPLEMONT STOCK FARM. Rutland. Vermont. 



Scotch Collies 

Champion blood of England and America. 
Puppies now ready to ship. Also bitches in 
whelp for sale. MEYER & JEHNE, Farra- 
ville, Va. 

REGISTERED 

SCOTCH COLLIE 

Pups for sale. A choice lot they are, too. 
Sable and white; full white points. FINS- 
BURY LAD, Son of Finsbury Herd and 
Ormskirk Dolly, etc., will serve a limited 
number of bitches. Write me for terms and 
pedigrees. Limited number of B. P. RO 1 K 
Cockerels for sale. ALFRED P. WHITE, 
JR., Parksley, Va. 

A fine Registered 

TROTTING STALLION FOR SALE. 

Price reasonable. Will trade for pair of 
drivers or for land. MEYER & JEHNE, 
Farmvllle, Va. 

Two Thoroughbred 

RIDING AND DRIVING 

horses for sale, 6 and 7 years old, 14^4 
hands; good cross country horses for boy or 
girl, and make fine buggy team. C. H. 
NOLTING, Medlock, Va. 



828 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



White Wyandottes. 

EDGEWOOD STOCK FARM. 

This breed EXCLUSIVELY. We can offer 
you in the Edgewood strain something profi- 
table. Better try us. Pullets and cockerels 
for sale. If you want PULLETS, better get 
orders in quick. H. B. ARBUCKLE, Max- 
welton, W. Va. 



TEN TRIOS 

Buff LegHorns, 

the best layers, beautifully marked, from 
strains which layed 210 eggs a year. $5 a 
trio. 

SUPERB BRONZE TURKEYS from the 
best pens of the country. Trio, $10; hens, 
?3 each. Toms, $4 to $5 each. Satisfaction 
guaranteed. A. R. VENABLE, JR., Farm- 
ville, Va. 




BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, 

PARTRIDGE COCHINS. B. B. 
SED IGANIES, WHITE WYAN- 
DOTTES. S. C. WHITE AND 
BROWN LEGHORNS, S. C RHODE 
ISLAND REDS.choice stockTfor 
sale. Eggs in season. 

RIVERSIDE POULTRY FARM, 

J. a. Codman & Sons, 

R. F. D. 19, Dayton, Va. 



Choice Lot of 

BARRED P. ROCK and S. C B. 
LEGHORN COCKERELS, Cheap to 
make room. 

PIVE nAftidOTH BRONZE OOBBLERS. 
SEVERAL YOUNG CANAUIES, all singers. 

SATISFACTION 'GUARANTEED. 

MRS. JNO. F. PAYNE, Lalrmont Dairy Farm, 
University 8ta., Charlottesville, Va. 



BROWN LEGHORNS, 

White Plymouth Rocks. 

Some fine cockerels and pullets for 
sale cheap. *""""" JTwpi 

R. W. HAW, Jr7,Tceritralia, Va. 



j& PIEDJIONT HEIGHTS FARM j& 

YANCEY niLLS, VA. — 

Breedprs of S. C. WHITE and BRO"* x ' 
LEGHORNS, WHITE WYANDOTTES. 

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS. A few more 
S. C. B. Leghorn Cockerels for sale. No 
more females. Eggs in season. F. C. LOU- 
HOFF, Propr. 



PIT GAMES 

Black Devils and Red Cubans. 

Where they won, Sharon, N. Y., 4 out of t 
Blue Rock. Pa., 2 out of 3. Clarion, Pa., I 
straight. Roanoke, Va., 8 out of 9. Akron, 
la., 2 atraUtaU. Eggs, $2 per sitting. Youni 
trios, quail size, $3. 

THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va. 



PCRE-BRRD 

Barred Plymouth Rocks. 

Some fine Cockerels for sale at $1 e«ch. 
F. MAXWELL CONNER, Box 316, Richmond, Va- 



A PROMINENT JUDGE'S OPINION. 
Gadsden, Etowah Co., Ala. 
Oct. 22, 1904. 
Jas. Haas, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind.: 

Yours of the 19th inst, at hand and 
Carefully noted, I purposed to have 
written you ere this, but I was quite 
sick in spring and summer and was 
away from home. I had quite a time 
last spring with my hogs and' so much 
so that I have not taken the interest 
in them as I would probably had I not 
lost so many of them. I want to say 
for your Hog Remedy that I never lost 
a single hog after the eating of the first 
dose and every one I could get to take 
it after taken sick, got well and made 
nice hogs, nor did I have any more sick 
hogs after the use of the Remedy. I 
have been feeding it to the few I have 
all summer, and when out shall order 
again, don't propose to be without it, 
so long as I raise hogs. Should you 
have any skeptical customers refer 
them to me and I will gladly tell them 
how my hogs were dying and how 
they quit and had no more sickness 
after using your Remedy. 
J. H. Lovejoy, Judge Probate Court. 



There is a most remarkable strike 
now being carried on against the Mac- 
beth-Evans Glass Company, the chim- 
ney makers of Pittsburg, probably not 
equalled by any in folly and so against 
the interest of their men. The com- 
pany have employed a large force, 
many of which have been with them 
for twenty to thirty years, but in this 
time the union has fallen into the 
hands of the worst element, and the 
most odious forms of limitations put 
on the company's plants, and the earn- 
ing capacity of the men kept down in 
the most amazing manner by the iron 
heel of "persuasion." Men in these fac- 
tories have been earning from four to 
six dollars per day, "limited" — they 
are capable of earning five to nine dol- 
lars per day. The company have had 
all of their improvements, which are 
very expensive, nullified by the "limit- 
ing" process — until the limit of their 
forbearance has been reached — the 
thing has gone to full fruit — the walk- 
ing delegate element has prevailed too 
much. 

So it has gone on and on until the 
product is increased in cost beyond 
what it should be; every new facility 
nullified, if possible completely; the 
best equipped plant in the world is 
pulled down to the poorest; every im- 
provement is fought over; the best 
workman is kept down to the level of 
the poorest, his freedom gone, he must 
not even talk to employers. 



THE KEELEY INSTITUTE. 
The Keeley Institute, Greensboro, N. 
O, sends us a very interesting pam- 
phlet, entitled "The Right Road and 
the Right Track." They will be very 
pleased to mail a copy of it, along with 
other literature, to those interested in 
that institution. 




. COCKERELS . . 

of the following breeds for sale at $1 each: 
Barred and White Plymouth Rocks, Black 
Mirorcas, Black Langshuns, R. C. Brown Leg- 
horns, 8. C. White and Brown Leghorns, Light 
Brahmas and Wyandottes; also Toulouse Geese 
and Pekin Ducks. J. B. JOHNSON, Clover Hill 
Farm, Manassas, Va. 

PROFITABLE POULTRY. 

45 Best Varieties. My Mam- 
moth Bronze Turkeys are 
fine and ready to ship. 
Write me for what you 
want in poultry. Good 
stock. Low prices. Large 
Illustrated, Descriptive 

Poultry Book, only 6c. List free. JOHN E. 

HEATWOLE, Harrisonburg, Va. 

^riNE fowls^ 

BARRED, BUFF and WHITE PLYMOUTH 
ROCKS; SILVER, WHITE BUFF and PAR- 
TRIDGE WYANDOTTES; BLACK MINOR- 
CAS; BLACK LANGSHANS; LIGHT BRAH- 
MAS; BUFF and PARTRIDGE COCHINS; 
WHITE and BROWN LEGHORNS. 

We are headquarters for stock and eggs 
of the above breeds, and will give satisfac- 
tion every time. OAKLAND POULTRY 
FARM, C. J. WARINER, Manager, Ruffin, 
N. C. 



SILVER-LACED 

WYANDOTTES. 

Strong, healthy, farm-raised 
birds, Orr's s r rain. fine plum- 
age — Cockerels, 81.25; fe- 
ma'es, $1. Order early so as 
to get first choice. Satisfac- 
tion to every customer or mo- 
ney refunded. POLAND 
CHINA PIGS $5 each. 

Dr. H. H. LPE, 
R. F. D. No. 2. Lexington, Va. 




White Leghorn 

Cockerels for sale. Exhibition 

or breeding stock. Address 

C. G. M. FINK, 
R. F. D. 2, Richmond, Va. 

CHICKENS 

for sale. B. P. ROCK, S. C. B. LEGHORN 
and WHITE WYANDOTTE. Fine pure bred 
stock, also M. B. Turkeys. Prices reasonable. 
Write Miss CLAKA L. SMITH, Croxton, Caro- 
line county, Va. 

SATISFY YOURSELF 

SPLENDID BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCK 
COCKERELS (Bradley Strain). Can be re- 
turned if don't please. L. W. WALSH, Box; 
194, Lynchburg, Va. 

FOWLS FOR SALE. 

WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS (Mammoth. 
Strain), $7 per trio. EMBDEN GEESE, ?5 
per pair. ROSE COMB WHITE LEGHORNS, 
$4 per trio. MRS. LIZZIE DYER, Versailles, 
Tenn. 

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS, 

Greatest Winning Strain. 

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCK COCKERELS 

of Hawkins, Miles, Jarman and Bradley Bros. 
strains. SCOTCH COLLIE* from imported! 
drivers, and bench-show winners. 

LESLIE D. KLINE, Vaucluse, Va. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



829 



The following is an extract from a recent communication to 
The Breeder's Gazette of Chicago, written by Prof. W. A. 
Henry, Dean of the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Sta- 
tion, and probably the most eminent American authority on 
scientific agriculture. 



One of the greatest comforts I experience in life is the thou- 
sands of friendships built up through "talks" with Gazette 
readers. Not a day passes but some one comes into my office or 
writes me a letter telling of the confidence he feels in the instruc- 
tions I have given and the friendship he feels toward me in the 
pleasant relations we have established through "The Feeder's 
Corner "of The Gazette — the farmer's greatest paper. Not 
only have I friends everywhere in the country made through this 
means, but I am continually surprised at the number of persons 
living in the city who regard THE. GAZETTE, as one of the 
cKoicest pieces of literature that comes to their homes, and 
who eagerly read its pages. Many of these own country property 
and others are longing for a home close to the soil, away from the 
grime, noise and turmoil of urban life. Man's natural place is on 
the soil, surrounded by plants and animals. The artificialities and 
glamor of city life have exercised their abnormal drawing power all 
too long. Now the times have changed and the country is about to 
retain a reasonable portion of the brains it produces and to draw 
from the city as well some of the brightest of its young men. Our 
agricultural colleges and our high-grade agricultural papers such 
as The Gazette are powerful factors in this movement. 

Sample copy free if you mention the Southern Planter. 






ADDRESS 



J.H.Sanders Publishing Co. 

3.58 Dearborn Street, Chicago, 111. 



830 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



^HOLLYBROOK FARM-^ 

BERKSHIRE PIGS 



For Sale. 

THREE FINE YOUNG BOARS, 
five months old, $7.50 each. 

TWO YOUNG SOWS, same 
age and breeding, $7.50 each. 

These pigs are from registered stock 
and are first-class in every respect. Our 
pigs have free range, with a fine stream 
of running water through the hog pas- 
tures, and our stock is as vigorous and 
healthy as possible. 

Prices include crating and delivery 
f. o. b. cars at Richmond, Va. 

HENRY W. WOOD, 
P. O. Box 330. Richmond, Va. 



WE NOW HAVE A CHOICE 
NUMBER OF PURE -BRED 

Berkshire Pigs 



MINIBORYA FARM, 
Box 901, Richmond, Va. 



ENGLISH 

BERKSHIRE PIGS, 

for sale. A fine lot of spring farrowed 
Boars and Gilts. These pigs are sired 
by Imported Danesfield Tailor (76940) 
from the famous R. W. Hudson herd, 
Danesfield England. His sire is the cel- 
ebrated Manor Faithful, which sold at 
the Biltmore sale of 1903 for $615.00. 

Their dams are Buttercup of Bilt 
more II (66611) and her get by Imported 
Danesfield Minting (B. B. 8564), giving 
strong Highclere blood. The b<-st strains 
of Berkshire blood in the World is in 
these pigs Pedigrees with every pig. 
Address, D C LARK, 

SN0WDEN FARM. FREDERICKSBURG. VA 



FINELY-BRED 

BerKsKire Pigs 

for sale, or will exchange for Brood Mares 
(work mares), or a pure-bred broken Pony of 
good disposition, for children t« ride or drive 
(mare In foal preferred.) 

». M. HODGSON, West End, Va. 



THE WITCHERY OF SCIENCE. 

DEMONSTRATIONS WITH THERMIT ABE 

GIVEN DAILY AT THE WORLD'S 

FAIR GROUNDS. 

St. Louis, Mo. 
Thermit is a heating and welding 
compound in the form of a powder, 
the use of which is demonstrated in 
the Mining Gulch at the World's Fair. 
After a pinch of a special ignition 
powder has been placed upon it and 
lighted ' by a Bengal or storm match, 
a powerful chemical reaction takes 
place, within the space of half a min- 
ute, by which the temperature of the 
whole mass, no matter how large the 
quantity used, is raised to 5,400 de- 
grees, Fahrenheit, and a pure liquid 
steel is given off, the rest of the com- 
pound rising to the surface in the 
form of aluminum slag or "corundum, - ' 
in the proportion of three parts to 
one. The molten steel, amounting, by 
weight, to one half the thermit pow- 
der, will melt at once the surface of 
any metal to which it is applied, al- 
though the latter is entirely cold, and 
unite with it into one solid mass. 

In this way all sorts of repairing of 
machinery and other metalwork can 
now be done readily by hand which 
has hitherto required the removal of 
the broken portion and its shipment 
to the foundry. An incalculable 
amount of time and trouble and money 
are saved by the device, which permits 
all repairing to be done on the spot al- 
most instantaneously. It has already 
been extensively applied to such pur- 
poses as the closing of cracks in me- 
tallic plates or surfaces of any kind, 
the welding of trolley rails, of steel or 
wrought-iron pipes, and of broken roll- 
bosses. 

In future naval wars it will be in- 
valuable for annealing the spots in 
armor plate that have been injured by 
the enemy's shots. It is applicable to 
girders, bars .angles, shafts, turnposts, 
locomotive frames, and any possible 
section of rolled or wrought iron or 
steel; and it may even be used for 
welding cast-iron and making castings. 



THE FONTAINE SAFETY SHAFT 
TUGS. 

The Fontaine Company, Christie, 
Va., are advertising regularly with us 
a most useful harness invention under 
the above name. An officer of this 
company showed us the working of the 
tug and also submitted us numerous 
testimonials from parties using them, 
and we agree with him that he has not 
only a very useful, but a very neces- 
sary contrivance. 

The main point in these tugs is that 
they allow considerable "play" to the 
girth, making the shafts rigid, how- 
ever, with each expansion and contrac- 
tion of the horse's body. The chances 
for a broken girth are slim indeed 
when this device is used. Look up the 
ad., and send for descriptive circular 
and testimonials. 



PRAIRIE STATE 
INCUBATORS 

AIVD BROODERS 



Measure their success 

by the success of users. 

Twenty incubators sold first 

year; 20,000 sold in 1903. Went 

all over the world. Winners 

of 385 first prizes. Write for 

our Free catalogue. 

I PRAIRIE STATE INCUBATOR CO., 
Box 425, 
HOMER CITY, PA. 



100 Egg Incubator, 

made by George H. Stahl, for tale, or will ex- 
change for pure-bred Poultry or Poland Chin a 
Pigs. Machine as good as new ; only used one 
season. R. J. VAUGHAN, Daisy, Va. 



K?I 


EA5Y MONEYI 


la made by installing s Hawkeye 
Incubator. Little cost, little care, 
results sure, profits large. 80 DayV 
Free Trial. Catalogue free. Mention 
this paper.— Hawk eye Incubator 
Co., Box 49, Newton. Iowa. 




WRTELfS! 

aUINCY.ILL, 



VICTOR BOOK 



tells why our machine is preferred 
by users, and all about artificial 
incubation. There's pointers that 
may mean dollars to yoa. We 
pay freight, and guarantee floods 
as described or money back. The book 
is free. Write for it today. Postal will do. 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 



Mammoth Bronze Turkeys 

for sale by the leading turkey raiser in th« 
South. The birds are perfect specimens of 
this strain. Orders placed now gets choicest 
birds. Demand every year exceeds supply, 
so order at once. Rates and terms on re- 
quest. PIEDMONT POULTRY PLACE, Miss 
E. CALLIE GILES, Propr., Whittle's Deport, 
Va. 

PURE-BRED 

M. B. TURKEYS 

FOR SALE. 

Toms, $3.00; hens,, $2.50. JJs«* 

B. P. Rock Cockerels, 

$1.00 each. 

C. T. JOHNSON, - - - Beaver Dam, Va. 

I have for sale a few very handsom* 

M. Bronze Turkeys 

AND 

Golden Penciled Hamburg Chickens. 
Dr. T. J. WOOLDRIDGE, French Hay, Ta. 

A FINE LOT OF 

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS 

for sale. Apply to R. E. CREE, Croz.t, Vft. 

FOR SALE. 

Two pairs of WORKING MARKS «b*ap, m 
will trade for mule colts. 

MEYER & JEHNE, FaraTBL, ▼*. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



83 




This remedy has a world- 
wide reputation — estab- 
lished by its merit — as the 
greatest of all Blood Puri- 
fiers and Nerve Restorers. 
It is especially valuable 
and eminently successful 
in building up run-down 
systems, it rejuvenates and 
revives the worn-out man 
and woman, by expelling 
the impurities of the blood 
and building up the nerve 
tissue. 

It creates sound, healthy 
flesh, clears the complex- 
ion, and strengthens the 
nerves, aids digestion, is 
helpful in kidrjey diseases, 
and especially valauble in 
cases of female weakness 
and kindred ailments. 



THE 

TWO 

..MARVELS.. 

t&fi eca* $£3* 




These two vaulable remedies are 
marvels because they have and are 
constantly effecting marvelous cures 
where other like remedies failed to 
give relief. 

Mrs. L. E. Brown, of Raleigh, N. C, 
writes: "She can hardly explain the 
good that Yager's Liniment has done 
for her and family. She had rheuma- 
tism so bad she could hardly get around, 
and began using this Liniment, and 
soon found relief, and now would not 
be without it." i 

Mr. Paul Kramer, a painter, of Win. 
Chester, Pa., writes: "He has taken 
one bottle of Yager's Sarsaparilla, and 
it is building up his run-down system. 
Before c Dmmencing to take it he weighed 
138 pounds ; after the first bottle he 
weighed 144 pounds. He is now on the 
second bottle, and rapidly regaining his 
health." 



Is a never-failing pain re- 
mover. It actually kills 
Pain from whatsoever 
might be the cause. When 
Yager's Liniment comes in 
contact with the pain, the 
pain must and will go. 

This old family stand-by 
has back of it a reputation 
and a record of cures made, 
which entitles it to the 
broad claim of the most 
searching and energetic, 
yet soothing and effica- 
cious, of all external ap- 
plications ever offered the 
public. Rheumatism it re- 
lieves at once. Every fam- 
ly needs a bottle of Yager's 
Liniment, and should keep 
it ready for emergencies. 




PREPARED BY 

Gilbert Bros. & Co., 

Manufacturing Chemists, 
BALTIMORE, MD. 

Yager's Handy: Headache Tablets— Cures Headache— 10 Cents. 




S32 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



[December, 



«^*»3t3t3t3r}t3r»3Ct3t3t3t3r3t3*3l3r3t3t3r3r3r 

B ERKSHIRE .? 

ANNEFIELD HERD 

Contains the 

Finest Blood Lines 

in England and America. 



Young Stock for Sale. * 

Inquiries cheerfully answered. v 

2 

EDW. G. BUTLER, Annefield Farms, M 

Berryville, Virginia. 8 



BERKSHIRES 

All my pigs sold except twenty-one (21), 
farrowed September 20th, 24th and 25th, 1904. 
from registered sows, sired by MASON OF 
BILTMORB II (68548). Price, $6 each, or 
$10 a pair f. o. b. delivered first week in 
December. None but Biltmore blood In my 
herd. 

ROBERT HIBBERT, Charlottesville, Va. 



OUR herd represents the 
very best strains imported 

-LARGE- 




English Berkshires. 

Choice stock at reasona- 
ble prices. Addrees 

Cottage Grove Farm, 

P O. Box 5. Greensboro. N, C. 



PURE-BRED 

BERKSHIRES 

for sale; 4 bred sows at $15 each; 1 ready- 
for-service boar $15, and 6 pigs at $3 each. 
M. BRONZE TURKEYS, $5 per pair; S. C. 
B. Leghorns, B. P. Rocks and White Wyan- 
dottes, at 75c. each if taken before Christmas. 
1,000 bushels nice white corn. M. E. AN- 
DREWS, Hurt. Pittsylvania county, Va. 



GLEN3URN 
FARM 



BERKSHIRES 

are rich in the blood of the champions of 
England and America. Foundation stock has 
been obtained from the most noted breeders 
of England and America. None better. Few 
as good. Won first prize for best boar and 
best sow at Virginia State Fair. DR. J. D. 
KIRK, Roanoke, Va. 



HAWKSLKY STOCK FARM 
hassome very choice 

Berkshire Pisr° 

now ready for shipment. Thev are "top*" In 
breeding and individuality. Also M B. TUR- 
KEYS and 8 C. B. LEGHORN CHICKENS for 
sale. J. T. OLIVER. Prop'r. 

Allen's Level, Va. 



Fin 



.DUROC PIGS 



Sale 



BIG CLEVELAND BANK PAYS 4 
PER CENT. INTEREST. 

The Citizens Savings & Trust Co., 
of Cleveland, the oldest and largest 
trust company in Ohio, having a capi- 
tal and surplus of six million dollars, 
and deposits of thirty-six million dol- 
lars, has established a "Banking by 
Mail" department, and will pay de- 
positors in any part of the country 4 
per cent, on savings accounts of one 
dollar and upwards. 

This move on the part of so large 
a financial institution will give people 
situated in the country and in small 
towns an opportunity to make deposits 
with one of the strong banks of the 
country. And, in addition, it will give 
depositors a chance to secure a 4 per 
cent, investment, about one-third more 
than most banks pay. 

In this connection it is interesting to 
note that Cleveland banks were the 
first in the United States to pay 4 per 
cent, interest on savings accounts, and 
are still, with two or three exceptions, 
the only banks doing so. That they 
are able to pay this interest with profit 
is well proved by their growth and suc- 
cess. 

The Citizens Savings & Trust Co. 
will send upon request an attractive 
booklet, giving details of their busi- 
ness and of their method of handling 
accounts by mail. 



THE SUPERIOR DRILL COMPANY'S 
1905 ALMANAC. 
Next year's calendars and almanacs 
are making their appearance in great 
force at present. Among the most use- 
ful and interesting which we have re- 
ceived is the Almanac and Household 
Encyclopedia issued by the Superior 
Drill Co., Springfield, O. The calen- 
dar feature alone makes the almanac 
well worth having, but the other useful 
information, which it contains, makes 
it doubly so. If you will write to the 
above company and mention this no- 
tice, they will very cheerfully send you 
a copy. 



A PARING KNIFE FREE. 
The Page Woven Wire Fence Co., 
who have been advertising with us for 
years, send us a very novel and useful 
device in the shape of a paring knife, 
made from the No. 7 wire, which goes 
into all of their fences. This company 
will be very pleased to mail any one 
requesting it one of these knives, and 
also its handsomely illustrated fence 
catalogue. This firm, by the way, has 
a very attractive ad. in this issue, and 
we invite the attention of our readers 
to it. 



Also, handsome SETTER DOG eight months 
old; pure black ANGORA KITTENS. 

A. K. LOCKWOOD, 
Orange, Va. 



MIETZ & WEISS OIL ENGINES 
WINNERS AT ST. LOUIS. 
Mr. August Mietz, who has been ad- 
vertising in our columns in season for 
a number of years, writes us that the 
Mietz & Weiss oil engine was awarded 
a gold medal and special diploma at 
the St. Louis Exposition. This same 
engine won a gold medal at the Ameri- 
can Institute in '97; Paris, 1900; Pan- 
American, 1901; Charleston, 1902. 




HIGH-CLASS 

Poland CKinas. 

Choice 3 mos. pigs, $5 each. 5 to 8 aao 
gilts, $8 to $10. All eligible to registry. 
Sunshine strain. Fine S. L. Wyandotte 
Cockerels, $1 each. Satisfaction guaranteed. 

E. T. ROBINSON, Lexington, Va. 

~ Registered L^tre 

C. Whites Large 
strain. AH ages 
mated not akin, 
Bred sows, Service 
boars, Guernsey 

calves, Scotch Col- 
lie pups, and Poul- 
try. Write for prices and free circular. 
P. F. HAMILTON, 
Cochranville, Chester Co., Pa. 

ORCHARD HILL PURE-BRED 

POLAND CHI MAS 

Two fine litters of pigs now ready for sale; 
six beautiful young sows ready to breed, as4 
a fine Guernsey bull calf, one month oM. 

F. M. SMITH, JR., R. F. D., No. 4, Char- 
lottesville, Va. 

Registered Poland Chinas 

1 year old Reg. P. C. SOW, bred to Reg. 
P. C. Boar. $25. 

3 mos. P. C. PIGS, eligible to registry, 

SILVER LACED WYANDOTTE COCK- 
ERELS, $1 each. Fine birds. E. T. ROBIN- 
SON, Lexington, Va. 

CHOICE YEARLING 

POLAND CHINA 

Glltf, bred to a superior SUNSHINE BOAR, for 
sale. Will farrow March and April. Also SUN- 
SHINE Boar Pigs 6 mos old. Two-year old reg. 
PERCBERON STALLION COLT, solid black, 
with whitespot in forehead. BRILLIANT strain, 
good style and well grown. 

THOS. R. SMITH, 
Lincoln, Loudoun co»nty, Va. 

OAK - GROVE - STOCK - FARM 

offers for sale a num- 
ber of fine ESSEX PIGS ' 
November delivery. Also, 
some choice POLAND 
SHOATS, March, 1904,; 
farrow. $15 per pair. 
Tour orders solicited. All stock as represented. 
L. Q. JONES, Tobaccoville, N. C. 

Salt Pond Herd. 

DUR0CJERSEY5 

Home of Paul J. 21625, Also Lulu' a Pet 40434. 
Pigs of March and May farrow for sale. Write 
tor what you want. 

S. A. WHITTAKPR, Hopcside, Va. 

0. I. C. PIGS 

EPar FROM REG. STOCK 
FOR SALE. PRICES RIGHT. 
F. S. MICHIE, Charlottesville, Va. 





AND MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS 
AT FARMER8 PRICES. 

S. M. WISECARVER, Rustburg, Va 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



833 




MAILED FRE 



WITH 



BEAUTIFUL mm PICTURE * DAN PATCH MB FREE 

t&- PRINTED IN SIX BRILLIANT COLORS. SIZE 24 BY 34 INCHES. =©a 

The picture* we will Bend you is alarse reproduction of the above engraving, in six colore^ and is made from a photograph taken 
of Dan wh le he was going rt his highest ra e of speed. It ia one of tlie finest moiion photograph* overtaken nnd is as natural 
and life like as if you actually saw l>a:i coming down the trnck. This picturo thov.-s UanflyinK thr ugh the air with every foot off 
of the ground. The picture we will mail you is entirely free of advertising and makes a very fine horse picture for framing. 

|OSTAGE 

REPAID 

IF* YOU WRITE TO US AND ANSWER THKSE 2 QUESTIONS: 

1st.— How Much Stock Of All Kinds Do You Own? 8n<l.— Name Paper In Which You Saw This Offer. 

Address owners atOncc.INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 

3 FEEDS g§R ONE CENT 

International Stock Food Co., Minneapolis, Minn. David City, Nebraska. 

Gentlemen:— I have used your "International Clock Food" for several years for my Hogs, Cattle and 
Horses. No person can afford to get along without it providing he wants to save feed, have healthv. 
thrifty, clean good looking animals with big profit. I could hardly raise hogs without it. For pigs that 
are weaned it is the best that I ever used, as even the runts at once commence to grow as if by magic 
when fed "International Stock Food" every day. Respectfully yours, MATT MILXF.R. 

We Hare Thousands or Similar Testimonials. We Will Pay Von $1000 If They Are Not the True Experience of Fraction! Feeders. 
Beware of Cheap and Inferior Imitations and Hnbstiintes. Do y tn Desire Any Further Information about '-International Stock 
Food," ele., or Want a Copy of Onr Finely Illustrated Mock Hook Containing 1S3 Eiiirrnvlnes from life That lost Vo Over fSOOO 
Cash and Which Contains an I xt-a Fine Veterinary De-artme-t! If loir Letter It-ijncslslt the Sloclr Rook Will Ke Milled Free. 
Address INTKItN ATI ON Al STOCK FOOD CO., Mian^apolis, Iffiinn., U. S. A. 




Largest Stock Food Factory In the World. 

Capital Paid In J -j.fj't'i, 'ino.no. 

ThU Enrravlnsr Shows Oar Hew 

Minneapolis Factory. 

ItContains IS Acrea of Floor Space. 

Also Large. Factory at Toronto, Canada, 

' aatainlng £0,000 Feet of Space. 



Eieept with I 
package 
"INTF.UNs TION 
"INTERNATIOV 
"HTHWIATIOH 
"1STERNATI0.N 



DON'T USE ANV OF THESE PREPARATIONS 

understanding that Yon Are To Have Yoar Money Reminded promptly It any case of fillnre. We anthor'ze our One Hundred Thousand Dealers to sell every 
bottle on the "Spot Caah Guarantee" which is printed on every label. Wo positively guarantee that our "SpotCush Guarantee" will be lived up to in every detail. 

STOCK F0OII" "INTERNATIONAL IIF.ATE CTRE" "INTERNATIONAL HOOF OINTMENT" "IVTERNATI' NAI.SILVER PINE HEALING OIL" 

P0M.TRV FOOD" "INTERNATIONAL COLIC CI'RE" "INTERNATIONAL PIIENO-CIILOIIO" "INTERNATIONAL CjCICK CLEANER" 

LOCSE KILLER" "INTERNATIONAL IIAKNE"S SOAP" ''INTERNATIONAL C0MP0IM) ABSORBENT" "INTERNATIONAL C0DGH AMD LING SIRCP" 
WORM POWDER" "INTERNATIONAL FOOT REMEDY" "INTERNATIONAL GALL CI RE" 



Prepared and Sold on a "Spot Cash Guarantee" by INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD CO., Minneapolis, Minn. 



834 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[December, 



BETTER READ T 




As it is positively the best 

Shorthorn Offering 

you ever ran across. 

My stock won prizes 

at the Hagerstown Fair, 

the greatest Maryland 

show. 
I am offering Cows and 

Bull Calves at ridicu- 
lously low prices, because I will sell 
them when I see only a small profit. I 
can raise a Shorthorn almost as cheaply 
as a scrub can be raised. Remember I 
have as well-bred stuff in Shorthorns as 
will be found in the United States, and 
will not be undersold, all things con- 
sidered. 




Percherons 

of the best type and hlood, as well as 

Berkshire Hocis 

always on hand at low figures. 

COME AND INSPECT MY STOCK. 



JOHN F. LEWIS, 

LYNNWO OD STOCK FARM, L YNNWQOD, VA 
-^REGISTERED CATTLE. & 



Short Horns. 
Polled Durhams. 
Red Polls. 

Who want« a few good Hulls, Heifers or Cows? 
Choice herd, bred and reared lu the mountains 
of v\ f-stem 1 exHS, below the fe> er line Hr-aithy. 
hardy »icick. Write us your w anls Or « ill sell 
emlre He d of three hundred head, ami rent 
flue rancli reasonably. Splendid Opportunity. 

LANDA CATTLE COMPANY, 

New Braunfels, Texas. 
Breeders of keglstered Catlle Only. 

COOK'SCREEK HERD 

SCOTCH -TOPPED 
SHORTHORNS . . . 

Herd Headed by GoTernor 
Tyler, 15X54*, lut prize aged bull at Kadford Kair, 
Young Bulls and heifers for sale. Inspection 
and correspondence invited. 
HEATWOLE & SUTER, Dale enterprise, Va 

REGISTERED 

SHORT HORN BULL, 

"PLAIN DEALINO," for sale to avoid In- 
breeding. Bred by Cottrell Bros., Hooslck 
Falls, N. Y., and Is of well established milk- 
ing strain. Solid deep red and of fine form 
and finish. Weight, 1550 pounds. Price, $76. 
J08. WILMER, Rapldan, Va. 




WITH THE ADVERTISERS. 
A new advertiser in this issue, is 
Mr. P. H. Gold, Winchester, Va. He 
is offering some finely bred Berkshires 
and a herd boar. 

The Breeders' Gazette has a full 
page ad elsewhere in this number. All 
stockmen should take this paper. 

J. B. Cretors is offering a storm 
apron and hood. Look up his adver- 
tisement. 

The Star Pea Machine is advertising 
a Pea Huller which is guaranteed to 
give satisfaction. 

Meyer & Jehne have several ads in 
this issue which are sure to interest 
scores of our readers. 
Charles Veirs is closing out his 
j Shorthorns. Look up his offering. 
Clairmont Farm is offering bargains 
in poultry and turkeys. 

A number of very desirable farms 
are offered for sale in this issue. 

Shorthorns, Percherons, and Berk- 
shires are advertised by John F. Lewis 
The Batijman Mfg. Co. maker of the 
celebrated "Iron Age" Implements and 
tools, start the season's advertising 
with this issue. 

The Hook-Hardie Co. is offering its 
Spray Pumps in an attractive ad on 
another page. 

The Landa Cattle Co. would like to 
communicate with stockmen wanting 
some pure-bred bulls. 

Thoroughly responsible agents and 
solicitors are wanted by Mr. J. B. 
Crabtree. 

A splendid Majiolini Red Poll Bull 
is offered by Mr. H. B. Arbuckle. Look 
up the ad. 

Mr. Ed. S. Schmid would like to mail 
his beautiful catalogue of all kinds of 
fanciers stock and poultry to interested 
parties. 

Angora Goats, Cheshire Hogs and 
Ponies are advertised by Dr. Win. C. 
Johnson, Frederick, Md. Send for a 
circular. 

Dan Patch, 1.56 broke another record 
on Nov. 17th, at Oklahoma City by 
going the mile in 2.03 on a half mile 
track. A full page ad of him will be 
found in this issue. Refer to the ad 
and get his picture. 

The Columbia Incubator Co. is 
among the new advertisers in this 
issue. Look up the ad. 

The Electric Wheel Co. has a couple 
of ads on another page. 

The Cyphers Incubator Co. starts 
the season's advertising with this 
issue. Send for its new catalogue. 

The Virginia-Carolina Chemical Co. 
have an attractive ad In another 
column. 

The German Kali Works 
tbeir advertising in this issue 



REGISTERED 



resume 



A charitable young lady, visiting a 
sick woman, inquired, with a view to 
further relief, as to her family. She 
asked: "Is your husband kind to you?" 
"Oh, yes, Miss," was the instant re- 
sponse, "he's kind — very kind. Indeed, 
you might say he's more like a friend 
than a husband." 



SHORTHORNS 

A few choice BULL CALVES 6 months old 
for sale at reasonable prices. Write me for 
further information. I, S. EBERLY, Glen- 
dale, Va. 

WILLOW GLEN 

Short -Horns. 

Special offering of two and three year old 
heifers with calves at side. Also nine head 
of splendid young bulls. Prices low if sold 
at once. Inspection Invited. DR. D. M. 
KIPPS, Front Royal, Va. 

Springwood Short-Horns 

Young stock for sale, sired by Royal Chief. 
No. 185432; he by Imported Royal Stamp, 
Champion Bull at Ohio State Fair this year. 
Spring and fall Poland China Pigs and 
shoats; sired by Coler's Perfection. I will 
sell this hog at a bargain. Call on or write 
WM. T. THRASHER, Springwood, Va. 

REGISTERED 

SHORTHORNS. 

Having concluded to close out my herd, I 
offer for sale, 6 LARGE COWS and CALVES 
from Imp. Josephine Marquis of Bute, 116453; 
also a nice lot of heifers. CHAS. VEIRS, 
Rockville, Md. 

ELLERSLIE FARMV_ 
Tlioronghbred Horses 

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE, 

Pure Southdown Sheep 
and Berkshire Pigs. 

Fob Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON, 
Charlottesville, Va. 

OAK-HILL FARM n..ni— Y 

SADDLE HORSES, JERSEY 
AND ABERDEEN ANGUS CAT- 
TLE, BERKSHIRE, POLAND 
CHINA, RED JERSEY, and TAM- 
WORTH HOGS, FOR SALE 

WRITE FOR PRICKS. 

Shipping point Oak-Hill, Va., (Stalion on farm) 

on D. & W. Ky. 16 miles west of Danville, Va. 

SAM'L HAIRSTON, 

Wenonda, Va. 

PLEASANT VALLEY STOCK FARM 

Shorthorn 

calves from fine milking stock. 

Yorkshire Pigs ( 

of prolific breed. 
JAMES M. HOGE, Hamilton, Va. 



1904. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



835 



COTTAGE VALLEY STOCK FARM. 

FINE STOCK 

FOR SALE LOW 



7-f* and 15-16 GRADE ANGUS BULLS and 
HEIFERS from 6 months to 2 years old. One 
Bull Calf, half Angus and half Short-Horn. 
Fine family Milk Cows fresh, young and 
gentle. One pair splendid 1,200-pound Bay 
Mares 6 years old, first-class all-round farm 
teams, and very good roadsters. One fine 
SADDLE MARE, 4 years old, very handsome 
and stylish, e\ery gait, Hackney and Ham- 
bletonian. One beautiful DRIVING MARE, 
coming 4 years old, three-fourths Hackney, 
one-fourth Hambletonian. These Mares are 
well bred and nice enough for any one. 
Pure-bred Poland-China Pigs at |5 each. 
Pure-bred Llewellyn Setter Pups, $5 each. 
Silver-Laced Wyandotte Cockerels and Pul- 
lets at SI each. 

W. M. WATKINS & SONS, Saxe, Va. 
ANGUS HEKL) BULL 

FOR SALE 

To prevent inbreeding, we offer our herd 
bull. PAGAN, 26416; sire BARONET NOSE- 
GAY, 13869; dam. PRINCESS ERICA OF 
LINN, 10369. Pagan is 7 years old, weight, 
2,000 pounds, vigorous, active, perfectly bro- 
ken, an excellent sire. Address ROSE DALE 
STOCK FARM , Jeffersonton. Va. 

MONTEBELLO HERD 

ABERDEEN=ANGUS 
CATTLE. 

FOR SALE— Registered Bull calves 
from 3 months ol'', up. 

L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va 
. .. REGISTERED. . . 

ANGUS BULLS, 

BERKSHIRE PIGS, of 
Biltmore Strains, j. p 

THOMPSON, Orange Va. 

To reduce my herd of 

JERSEYS 

I will sell 4 or 5 first class family cowi, 
now in calf, at very low prices; also 2 Reg. 

BULL CALVES, 

4 to 6 mos. old. One Is a son of RIOTA'S 
PRIMA DONNA, tested 17V4 lbs. butter in 7 
days, the other, a son of LADY MADELINE, 
who gave 200 lbs. more milk per month than 
\f-r own weight. Price, $50 each; also 10 

JERSEY HEIFERS, 

from 6 to 15 mos. old. from my very best 
cows, and no better In Virginia, for $30 each. 
These cattle are In fine condition, kindly 
handled, and will make valuable animals. 
A. R. VENABLE, JR., Manager, Farmvllle, 
Va. 



MAGAZINES. 

It is impossible even to summarize 
in a single paragraph tl> many and 
varied attractions wlrch The Youth's 
Companion announces for the coming 
year. 

A series of articles planned to inter- 
est especially the forty-five millions of 
Americans who look directly to the soil 
for their subsistence will treat of 
"New Fields for Young Farmers," 
"The Sanitation of the Farm," "The 
Future of American Cotton," "Mow 
V/omen Make Money on the Farm," 
etc. 

Seven serial stories and 250 short 
stories by the most talented and pop- 
ular American writers of fiction will 
form part of the contents of the new 
volume for 1905. 

Full Illustrated Announcement de- 
scribing the principal features of The 
Companion's new volume for 1905 will 
be sent, with sample copies of the pa- 
per, to any address free. 

The new subscriber who sends $1.75 
now for a year's subscription to The 
Companion receives free all the issues 
of The Companion for the remaining 
weeks of 1904, also The Companion 
"Carnations" Calendar for 1905, litho- 
graphed in twelve colors and gold. 
THE YOUTH'S COMPANION, 144 
Berkeley street, Boston, Mass. 



Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm 

Has for sale a large num- 
ber of nice young regis- 
tered A. .1. C. C. 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be harl for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 



There is always one by which the 
rest are measured. In the magazine 
world that one has always been and is 
to-day The Century. Ask writers 
where their best productions are first 
offered; ask editors which magazine 
they would rather conduct; ask public 
men where articles carry most influ- 
ence; ask artists where they would 
prefer to be represented; ask the pub- 
lic what magazine is the first choice 
among people of real influence, and 
the answer to each question is the 
same: "The Century." ^.re you going 
to have the best in la05? 

The new volume of The Century be- 
gins with November. Yearly sub- 
scription $4. A year's subscription 
and the twelve numbers of the preced- 
ing year — complete serials, novels, sto- 
ries, Jack London's '-'The Sea-Wolf," 
Dr. Mitchell's "Youth of Washington," 
etc., etc. — back numbers and subscrip- 
tion for coming year, $5. THE CEN- 
TURY CO., Union Square, New York. 



The December Delineator, with its 
message of good cheer and helpfulness, 
will be welcomed in every home. The 
fashion pages are unusually attractive, 
illustrating and describing the very 
latest modes in a way to make their 
construction during the busy festive 
season a pleasure instead of a task, 
and the literary and pictorial features 
are of rare excellence. A selection of 
Love Soncs from the Wagner Operas, 
rendered into English by Richard de 
Gallienne and beautifully illustrated 
in colors by J. C. Lfyendecker, occu- 
pies a prominent place, and a chapter 



JERSEY BULLS 
AND HEIFERS. 




None better bred In the South. Combining 
closely the must noted and up-to-date blood 
in America. Bulls 4 to 6 months old, $36; 
Heifers, same age, $35. POLAND CHINA 
PIUS, $5 each. Send check and get what 
you want. 

T. P. BRASWELL, Prop., Battiebero. N. C. 

REGISTERED JERSEY BULL. 

The magnificent 2 year old REG. JERSEY 
BULL, "Joe K." Finest blood, kind and 
without a blemish. Also pure bred BERK- 
SHIRE PIGSlaii.i2 mos. old; fine as silk, 
and sired by the grand registered boar, 
"Brandywine." Also two pure bred 8 mos. 
old Berkshire brood sows, supposed to be 
with pig by the boar "Brandywine." Prices 
reasonable. Satisfaction guaranteed or money 
refunded. Address JAMES N. SAUNDERS, 
Brandywine, Caroline county, Va. 

rHQKOU(iH-BRED. ... 

Berkshire Boars, 
Dorset Buck Lambs, 
Jersey Bull Calves. 

All stock in best of condition &n£ 
soiaranteed as represented. 

F. T. ENGLISH, Centrevllle. Md. 

THE WoODSIDE HERD. 

FOR SALE; 2 grandly pred '.man* 

JER5EY BULLS, 

I year old. For prices and descrip- 
tion, address, 
DAVID ROBERTS, floorestown, N.J. 

EVERGREEN DAIRY AND STOCK FARM 

OFFERS FOR SALE 

REGISTERED JERSEY BULL 

2%-year old, son of "Riota's Prims Donna," who 
tesied 17% lbs. of bulier in 7 d*ys. 

BROWN LEGHORN CHICKENS, 65 cents each; 
healihy and high bred birds. 

W. U. GATES, Rice Depot. Va, 

FOR SALE, TWO CROSS-BRED 

^ Jersey- A Idernev^ 

Cows: one fre«h, other milking now. Pedigreei 
furnished. Bargains. M. R. WALLACE, 24 N. 
Laurel street, Richmond, Va. 

Woodland Dorsets. 

At 6 great State Fairs this year, we 
won every first, but two. At St. Louis, 
we won second on Ewe Lamb and third 
on Ram Lamb, against the strongest 
Dorset Show ever seen in Ameiica. 
J. E. WING & Bros., Mechanicsburg, O. 



DORSETS ^L2 
HEREFORDS 

H. ARMSTRONG, Lantz Mills. Va. 

Mention The Southebn Planteb 1a 
writing. 



836 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



in the composers' Series relating the 
Romance of Wagner and Cosima, is an 
interesting supplemerf to the lyrics. A 
very clever paper entitled, "The Court 
Circles of the Republic," describes 
some unique phases of Washington 
social life is from an unnamed con- 
tributor, who is said to write from the 
inner circles of society. There are 
short stories from the pens of F. Hop- 
kinson Smith, Robe/t Grant, Alice 
Brown. Mary Stewart Cutting and El- 
more Elliott Peake, and such interest- 
ing writers as Julia Magruder, L. 
Frank Baum, and Hrace MacGowan 
Cooke hold the attention of the chil- 
dren. Many Christ nas suggestions are 
given in needlework and the Cookery 
pages are redolent of the Christmas 
feast. In addition there are the regu- 
lar departments of the magazine, with 
many special articles on topics relating 
to woman's interests within and with- 
out the home. 



The Revieio of Reviews for Decem- 
ber presents a series of contributed 
articles of unusual variety and in- 
terest. Mr. Walter Wellman writes 
on "The United States and the* World's 
Peace Movement." Mr. Winthrop L. 
Marvin describes the work of the 
Merchant Marine Commission, ap- 
pointed during the last session of Con- 
gress to investigate American shipping 
conditions in our great ports. Thp 
fGur "men of the month" chosen as 
the subjects for character sketches are 
Chief Engineer Wi'liam Barclay Par- 
sons, of the New York Rapid Transit 
Commission; President David Row- 
land Francis, of the Louisiana Pur- 
chase Exposition; Chairman George B. 
Cortelyou, of the Republican National 
Committee, and Governor-elect William 
L. Douglas, of Massachusetts. Mr. 
William C. Edgar gives an interesting 
account of the Oiibway Indians' play 
of "Hiawatha," as presented at Des- 
barats. Ontario, on the shores of 
Georgian Bay; the article is illustrated 
from photographs of the Indian 
plavers in costume. Mr. Clarence H. 
Poe tells the story of the remarkable 
rejuvenation of rural North Carolina, 
illustrating his article with pictures 
Bhowins the ?reat advance in the 
educational appliances provided by the 
Slate for both whites and blacks. "The 
Hawaiian Sugar Product" is thp title 
of a valuable illustrated article by 
Lewis R. Freeman. Mr. W. J. Hender- 
son, the well-known musical critic, 
contributes a forecast of the musical 
season in New York, just opening, 
with portraits of the conductors and 
several of the most famous stars. Mr. 
H. M. Suter outlines the work of the 
American Forestry Congress to be 
held at Washington in January. Mr. 
Ernest Knaufft contributes an article 
entitled "Modern Picture-Book Child- 
ren," in which he sets forth the char- 
acteristics of the new group of il- 
lustrators of childhood who are now 
claiming so much attention in the il- 
lustrated magazines. There is a brief 



Larger Crops at Less cosi 

is ahvays t tie result of 1191ns Iron *ge Imple- 
ment!. Being built to get the greatest possible re- 
sult* for labor expended, they do farm and garden w>rk 
bett i and quicker than any to s made. A new Iron Age Im- 
plement, and one th-it Is very successl'u 1< So. 19->Vr>eel Plow and 
Cultivator. It is simple, strme and tight running. Combines the t>est 
wheel plow nnd cultivator ever produced. I.lhe all other Iron Age Imple- 
ments, it's guaranteed to give entire satisfaction. 

Y<m can make more money, snve more, and lessen your work, if you s^nd 

for he Iron Aee Book for 1905. It describes Seed Drills. Wheel Hoes, 

PliMng On Hvators Potato Planters, Horse Hoes and Cultivators. 

•iivts you the prices and all details. Ihe book is free. Write at 

once. 



No. 19 Iron .... 
Wheel Pluw and 
Cultivator 



Jfc^ 



BATEMAN MFG. 

Grenloch, N. J. 

BOX 167. 



CO., 



FOREST HOME FARM 

Produces Four Crops— viz., 

Jerseys, Jersey Cream, 
Berkshires, and Berkshire Sausaqe, 

la producing Cream we have Skim Milk by the hundreds of gallons to feed our 
H ig3 Then we buy Germ Oil Meal by the car load. Now you know why our 
Hogs grow so rapidly, and are so in demand. Write 
FOREST HOME FARM, Purcellville, Va. 

FOR SALE. 
10 Registered Jersey Heifers 

Due to calve this fall and winter. 

Several Registered HEIFER CALVES, four months old, at 
$25 each, if taken this month, and a few BULL CALVES at 
farmers' prices. 

Also several GUERNSEY BULL CALVES, BERKSHIRE 
BOARS, SOWS andPIGS. 

Two grand guard Dogs (Danes), 6 months old, at $20 each. 

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va. 



:-: SOME VERY FINE 



Red Polled 

Calves, entitled to registry, for sale; also a 



few very good 



Poland China Pigs 

whose breeding cannot be excelled. Only 
onp SHETLAND PONY for sale now. 
ARROWHEAD STOCK FARM. SAM'L B. 
WOODS, Propr.. Charlottesville, Va. 



EDGEWOOD STOCK FARM. 

Red Poll Bull Calf. 



Majiolinf is greatest bull of breed. This calf 
carries his blood. His dam also traces back 
to Rufus. Can't you trust this blood? Calf 
now- ready. You men in Virginia order 
quick if you want to get a promising young- 
ster. H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton, W. Va. 



IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE? 



If so, list it with ns. No sale, no charge. 

Largest list of farms for sale in Virginia. 

Write for Free Catalogue 



R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., (inc.) Richmond, Virqinia. 



1904. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



837 



Castalia Herefords 



A competent judge of International experience, who has recently inspected the CAS- 
TALIA HEREFORDS, pronounces of them: 

"You have made a convincing demonstration here of two things ; of the value of your 
judgment in combining blood lines and your capacity to make steady progress toward the ideal 
that you hold, and you have demonstrated the superior fitness of Hereford cattle for Virginia 
grass, and of Virginia grass for Hereford cattle." 

Tbis opinion, unsolicited, came to me as a complete sur- 

prise, and brought the Olive ^^^^^^^^m Branch of victory and a 

great deep satisfaction to J^. : && W&t know that my efforts of 

years to found a Hereford mJM W9k. Breeding Herd in "Ole 

Virginie," second to none /^ -Pi* ^'';,;jO''° -^^. ^ n tne United States in 

quali v and breeding, are C :« ff-'i'-- ^'°W$lH EP*7 bearing fruit. I refer 

readers to my advertise- \l'-&m Bif ments in the last three 

numbers of the Southern | M< /-N^3$v§ Wm P LANTER PP- 633, 703, 763. 

I have recently sold year V,. "', ; ^"^*ijplii BP;3l ling bulls toEssex and Hen- 
rico Counties, and am now :&_ ^^^r W receiving more inquiries for 
prices and information ^^^^^M M Mii^ MfJ ^^^ about Hereford cattle than 
at any time in the past two years. 

Every farmer who owns cattle WANTS Herefords, and NOW is the time to buy; cat- 
tle have reached low tide, and cattle men all over the country expect a gradual rise in prices of 
both pure bred breeding stock and beef stock. The Hereford bulls crossed on the native cows 
of Virginia make the best veals, the best stockers and feeders and the best butchers' stock on 
the market. I have some yearling bulls which are beauties and at rock bottom prices. ALSO 
FOR SALE 

Bull Calves dropped this fall, and Breeding Cows in calf. A few Cows with calf at foot. 

Call and make your selection or write. 



MURRAY BOOCOCK, 

Keswick, = = = = = = Virginia. 



838 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



account of the trials of the New York 
Central's electric locomotive at Sche- 
nectady last month, with two very in- 
teresting illustrations from photo- 
giaphs. "What Port Arthur means to 
Japan" is clearly set forth by Adachi 
Kinnosuke, with a map of Port Ar- 
thur and its surrounding defenses. 
Fifteen pages in this number are 
devoted to the season's new books, 
ircluding portraits of many of the 
authors and other illustrations. In 
the editorial department, "The Prog- 
ress of the World," there is a full 
discussion of the results of the elec- 
tions, of the North Sea episode and 
its bearings on Anglo-Russian rela- 
tions, of the latest developments in the 
far East, and various other matters ot 
international interest. 



Richardson's charming pictures in 
color, illustrating that jolly new serial, 
"Queen Zixi of Ix," by Frank Baum, 
are a notable feature of the December 
St Nicholas, as worthy a Christmas 
stocking number as any child could 
wish. There are two colored insets 
this month, besides several illustra- 
tions on the text pages of "Queen 
Zixi of Ix;" and the pretty fairy story 
continues to tempt the older members 
of the family to monopolize the maga- 
zine till "Queen Zixi" at least is read. 

Two other serials now running in 
St. Nicholas are probably the most 
notable and valuable that have ever 
been offered by a periodical for young 
people. "How to Study Pictures." by 
Charles H. Caff in; and "The Practical 
Boy," by Joseph H. Adams, are nota- 
ble and valuable. There are repro- 
ductions this month of Albrecht 
Durer's "The Adoration of the Magi" 
and Leonardo da Vinci's "Virgin of 
the Rocks," and of Wohlgemuth's 
"The Death of the Virgin" and 
Raphael's "Madonna Degli Ansidei," to 
illustrate Mr. Caffin's discussion of 
these artists and their work. Mr. 
Adams tells this month, so clearly and 
helpfully that any handy boy can work 
out the suggestions, how to fit up a 
boy's room, book-tower, table, desk, 
chairs, bed. even to the wall decora- 
tion. The illustrations offer hints also 
for those interested in novel and 
artistic furniture. 

"I Ittle Pete," the story of a carrier 
pigeon that traveled eight thousand 
miles to reach home, is a true tale, its 
author having owned Pete's grand- 
father and being well acquainted with 
the wonderful ways of Pete and other 
carrier pigeons. 



Strikingly appropriate to the elec- 
tion season is the novelette in the 
Christmas number of Lippineott's 
Magazine. Its author is AVlen March, 
one of the Editors of the Philadelphia 
Press, and its title is "A Darling 
Traitor." In it there is a deft com- 
mingling of love and politics and a 
dpep sub-stratum of real humor. The 
scene at dinner between the priest and 
a crooked politician is intensely dra- 



3&Jfasffl«n 



HomeorCarriaoeUse 



V- 



LEH M AP 
EATERS 



J 



are being used not alone in carnages, 
« autos, wagons and sle r ghs, but are highly 
recotmnetided by physicians for home use, 
and are being used extensively. 

They burn Lehman Coal which costs only 2 

•ents for a day's contimi' us heat, and from 

which there is no smoke nor danger of fire. 

250.000 Lehman Heaters are in regular use 

by horsemen, physicians, farmers, etc., who 

[highly recommend them. 

Beware of imitations. Remember it must be 
a LEHMAN to be the Standard and BEST. Re- 
fuse substitutes. 

They are sold by leading dealers every= 
where. Send for our Illustrated booklet tell- 
ing more about them. 

LEHMAN BROS., Mfrs., .Ji*JP«ZTUt 

10 Bond St., 45 E. Corp'fsr M. 

WtWjORK. CHICAGO, ILL. 

250,000 IM USET 






tockFarm 



I OFFER AT RIGHT PRICES THE FOLLOWING STOCK: 
One yearling HOLSTEI N-FRIESI AN BULL, 
Seven BULL CALVES ( same breed), 2 to 6 months old 

( These calvrs are from heavy milki rs), 
Six BERKSHIRE SOWS (1 year old), 
Ten BERKSHIRE SOWS (5 months old). 
All of the above will be registered and transferred to the buyer. 



N. & W and Southern Railways. 



T. O. SANDY, Burkeville, Va. 



JNO. S. FUNK, Glen Farm. 
Importer and Breeder of POLLED DURHAM CATTLE. 



p 








■ " 


L M 








Wl^mf-'~'' ¥ . 


'~\ 




tffl&jflH 




W^mti"- 






wEmM 




jShJMlli ' 1 






■'. . 








■ 














■ 





Reds and roans. Can fur- 
nish bull calves or cows 
and heifers in car lots. 
SOUTHDOWN SHEEE, 
POLAND CHINA HOGS. 
R. F. D. 7, Harrisonburg, 
Va. 

Deep Creek, Va., 

October 8, 1904. 

JOHN S. FUNK, Esq.: 

Dear Sir,— 1 received 
the calf on the 6th. safe 
and sound. Every one 
that has seen him says he 
Is the finest and largest 
for his age that they ever 
saw. I would like for you 
to have him registered for 
u e when he Is old enough. 
T am highly pleased 
with pig and calf both. 
Yours truly, 
W. T. CULPEPPER. 



Waen corresponding with our advertisers always mention the 
Southern Planter. 



1904. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



839 



.MORVEN 




The Property of WESTMORELAND DAVIS, Esq. 

LARGE HERD OF FASHIONABLY BRED REG- 
ISTERED ANIMALS, INCLUDING COWS IN THE 
ADVANCED REGISTRY. HERD HEADED BY THE 
BRILLIANTLY BRED IMPORTED BULL, 

TOP NOTCH No. 9023. 

The Dam of this Bull, Imported ITCHEN BED A, took 1st prize at the "Park 
Royal" Show in England in 1902, and her daughter ITCHEN BEDA II, took the 
same honors in 1904: further, Imported TOP NOTCH'S Dam, ITCHEV BEDA, en- 
tered the official advanced Registry of the American Guernsey Cattle Club this year 
with a record FOR THE YEAR of 10642.10 lbs. of milk; 518.70 lbs. of butter fat, 
equivalent to 640.15 lbs. of butter. 

The Pedigree of Imported TOP NOTCH, with some of the achievements and 
prizes won in the direct line of his ancestry, are given belcw : 

TOP NOTCH, 9023, bred by Sir Henry Tiehborne, of England, was sired by Rival, 1343 E, and Is out of Imp. Ttcben Beda, 
15627. His father. Rival, by Rival of Mont March, 1104, P. S., out of Clatford Gentle, 4746, E. (first prize English Royal, 
B. & W. E. and Royal C, 1900). His mother, Itrben Beda, 15627 (see record above): she by Loyal of Hunguets, 978. P. S. 
(first prive, 1836, second prize, 1898); sire of Itchen Lady, Hayes Lily du Preel. His extended pedigree Is impossible In this 
space, but will be furnished if desired. It goes back to winners of the Queen's prizes, as well as to members of her late 
Majesty's Prize Herd. 



MORVEN PARK is situated in Loudoun County, Virginia, and because of its 
climate and soil is peculiarly adapted to the production of the highest class of an mal 
life, and particularly to supply the needs of Southern breeders of pedigreed cattle. 



"i 



REGISTERED and TUBERCULIN TESTED animals for sale, including a fine 
lot of BULL CALVES at reasonable prices. 

For further particulars, Address 

LIVE STOCK DEPARTMENT, MORVEN PARK, 

CLEESBURG, LOUDOUN ;CO., VA. 



840 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



matic, while the character work — from 
freckled-faced, devil-may-care Joe, the 
office boy, to the irresistible Edith 
North — is undeniably strong. It is 
predicted that "A Darling Traitor" 
will appear on the stage before long. 

General Charles King leads the 
shorter fiction with one of his inimit- 
able Indian war stories. This is called 
"The Boy that Couldn't Stand Fire," 
and it begets the thrill which goes 
with a tale of valor that rings true. 
A charming Christmas story by 
Phoebe Lyde is "The Abbot of Bon- 
Accord." Its fanciful theme and deli- 
cate treatment adapt themselves to the 
holidays. Baroness von Hutten contri- 
butes one of her delightful •According 
to Lady Moyle" stories. This time it 
is "About Mademoiselle Ziska," a 
snake-charmer, who falls victim to the 
fascinations of Lady Moyle's butler 
and almost causes his downfall. "A 
Crustacean Courtship," by Mabel Nel- 
son Thurston, is a clever tale of coun- 
try life in which love and lobsters take 
part. Arthur Hendrick Vandenburg 
has a special gift for the writing of 
entertaining "Trust" fiction. In "Bar- 
low and the Octopus" he tells how a 
young fellow lacking business experi- 
ence but possessing considerable 
acumen, comes out ahead in a deal 
with the "Gas-Meter Combine." "Bil- 
lets-Doux," another Christmas story, 
is by Thomas Cobb. In this some love- 
letters-in-wrong-hands are involved 
and make a breezy tale. It is the time 
of year when a "bargain" seems 
specially appealing." So it does to 
the girl in Clinton Dangerfield's story 
entitled "The Shears of Destiny." In 
this case a rich husband is part of her 
bargain. 

A momentous paper on "The Regu- 
lar and the Savage" is written by a 
Lieutenant of the United States Army, 
in the Philippines. This is so radical 
ab to be likely to provoke both con- 
firmation and denial. 



Harper's Illustrated Weekly is still 
one of the best of the illustrated papers 
both in its pictorial and literary mat- 
ter. The opening article by the Editor 
is always full of matter worthy of 
careful reading and suggestive of 
thoughts on subjects of present 
moment. 



The following is a mere suggestion 
of the contents of the November 
Woman's Home Companion: "Elec- 
tion-Night in a Great Newspaper 
Office," by Hartley Davis; "The Rise 
and Fall of Sully, King of Cotton," by 
Henry Irving Dodge; "A Visit to Sod- 
House Land," by Charles M. Harger; 
"Saint Patrick's Purgatory," by 
Seumas MacManus; "The Strike and 
the Housewife," by Henry Harrison 
Lewis; "The College Girl's Memory- 
Book," by Martha Cobb Sanford; "The 
Girl and the Game," by Ralph Henry 
Barbour; "The King of Diamonds," by 
Louis Tracy; "How Wild Animals 
Prepare for Winter," by Ernest Har- 



IN THE FAMILY 

OR ON THE FARM 

FOR MAN 
OR BEAST 

SLOAKS LINIMENT 

K.USPAIN D _Ai. fes 



■HTCfiraire 




Our spring pigs have all been sold and we are now booking orders for 

^'^LXjiXji PIGS 

for November and December delivery. Tbe great display of 
Large Yorkshires at ihe recent Live Siock Show at the World's 
Fair, shows the growing popularity of this profitable bacon breed. 

^^ Jersey Bulls and Heifers, 



from our high testing herd. 

BOWMONT FARMS. Salem, Va, 




POLAND CHINAS 

I am selling them Inst, but still have a few 
choice pies hoars and bred s> ws left that I now 
offer a redured price* in order to reduce my stock 
helore Heb. and March liiters arrive. I do 't be- 
lieve there ts a bftier bred herd of Poland Chinas 
in Virginia than mine, and their individuality is so 
good that I am wining to ship, fuhjecl t" return, at 
toy expense It not exactly as represen'ed 

My prices are lower thnn ever, fur this month. 
Write for prices and lestlm'.n als. 

J. F. OUKRE ' 1 b. Bird wood. Albemarle Co , V«. 



50 



POLAND-CHINA 
AND TAMWORTH 

pigs, 3 and 4 months old, eligible to registration $6.50 w 11 
buy ihe best of them. The first orders will get the pick of the lot. 
A few nice boars ready for service, also for sale. 

J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Orange Co., Va. 



1904. 



THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER 



841 



old Baynes; "Correct Clothes for 
School-Girls," "Frocks for Little 
Folks" and "Smart Fashions for Early 
"Winter," by Grace Margaret Gould. It 
is a valuable, up-to-date, progressive 
magazine. Published by The Crowell 
Publishing Company, Springfield, O.; 
one dollar a year; ten cents a copy. 



The Cosmopolitan is especially note- 
worthy for its illustrations which are 
beautifully executed. 



Caller — I never saw two children 
look so much alike. How does your 
mother tell you apart? 

One of the Twins — She finds out by 
spankin' us. Dick cries louder'n I do. 



U. 



REPORTS. 
S. Department of Agriculture, 
Washington, D. C. Annual Re- 
port of the Secretary of Agricul- 
ture, 1904. 

The Secretary of Agriculture has 
transmitted his Eighth Annual Re- 
port to the President. 

In opening his report the Secre- 
tary enumerates some of the more 
important features of the year's work. 
Among them are extensive co-opera- 
tion with agricultural stations; the 
taking of preliminary steps to con- 
duct feeding and breeding experi- 
ments; the war waged against the cot- 
ton boll weevil and against cattle 
mange; plans for education of en- 
gineers in road building; the produc- 
tion of a hardy orange, a hybrid 
of the Florida orange and the Jap- 
anese trifoliata; valuable research in 
successful shipping of fruit abroad; 
the value of nitrogen-fixing bacteria; 
successful introduction of plants 
suited to light rainfall areas; estab- 
lishment of pure food standards; the 
extension of agricultural education in 
primary and secondary schools; the 
extension of instruction to our island 
possessions to enable them to supply 
the country with $200,000,000 worth 
of domestic products, now imported 
from abroad. 

He then proceeds to discuss the 
place of agriculture in the country's 
industrial life. 

AOBICtTLTUEE AS A SOURCE OF NATIONAL 
WEALTH. 

The corn crop of 1904 yields a farm 
value greater than ever before. The 
farmers could from the proceeds of 
this single crop pay the National 
debt, the interest thereon for one 
year, and still have enough left to 
pay a considerable portion of the Gov- 
ernment's yearly expenses. The cot- 
ton cron, valued for lint and seed at 
600 millions, comes second, while hay 
and wheat contend for the third place. 
Combined, these two crops will about 
equal in value the corn crop. Not- 
withstanding the wheat crop shows 
a lower production than any year 
since 1900, the farm value is the high- 
est sin^e 1881. Potatoes and barley 
reached their highest production in 
1904; save in 1902 the oat crop was 



Twas the night before Christinas 




"I'll give my boy a. 




VENS 



I know he would rather have that than anything 
else in the world, and it's a good thing for any 
boy to have — it will quicken his eye and judg- 
ment, and strengthen his nerve." 



"It's about time Dad got a 




if only for use in protecting our stock, and for 
the feeling of safety it gives. It generally hap- 
pens that you feel the need of a gun most when 
you haven't one, and as it's not much use 
'closing the stable door after the horse is stolen,' 
I guess I'll buy him one now." 

"Sister always did want a 

EVENS 

and why shouldn't she have one— it's fine sport, 
good exercise, and rounds out and strengthens 
a girl's character and nerve. The girl who 
knows how to handle a gun is the girl with the 
quick eye, elastic step and easy grace, with 
her wits always about her." 




"Uncle Joe will be delighted — it's a. 

STEVENS 

He's a man that has handled a gun from boyhood. 
When he first tried a 'Stevens' he said : 'might 
as well stop right here — couldn't get a belter 
fire stick than this if I tried 'till doomsday.'" 

A great book of 110 pases of interesting articles on hunting, 
target shooting, etc., i'KEE. Enclose 4c. to cover posta"e. 

,". STEVENS ARMS AND TOOL CO., 

iiJ -Pine Street, Chicopee Falls, Mass., U-S- A. 



A surprise for everybody- a 'STEVENS 



ANGORA BUCKS. 

Now is the time for your Angora Bucks. 

5 two-year old. 5 ihree-$ear old. and 15 Kid Bu<-ks all registered or hlgh-erade ANGORAS- 
f 'an spare a very few ANtiO'A DOES with tneae B icks if wanted. Pbis lot is sired by our fine 
reg. California and Kani-as Rucks. You need new blood iu your flocks. Dou't let your Goats 
degenerate, but get a new buck. , -n -^i 



DIAMOND V RANCH, 



Rock Castle, Va. 



EDGEWOOD STOCK F ARM. 
** DORSETS. ** 



"^Our FALLLVMBS are here, friends, and they are erackerjacks. Our 
Imported Fwes started lambing October 1Mb.. Better give us youro:ders 
now. Last year many of you were too late. ^TT" ~~~.~~w "!&!£ 

J. D. and H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton, Greenbrier, Co., W. Va. 




When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the 
Southern Planter. 



842 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



never so large by 60 million bushels. 
The present crop of rice promises a 
yield of 900 million pounds — 300 mil- 
lion more than ever before. 

Horses and mules reach the highest 
point this year, with an average value 
exceeding 1.354 million dollars. On 
the other hand cattle, sheep, and hogs 
all show a slight decline. 

The steady advance in poultry leads 
to some astonishing figures. The 
farmers' hens now produce 13 billions 
of dozens of eggs and at the high . , 
average price of the year the hens 1 
during their busy season lay enough | 
eggs in a single month to pay the ' * ; 
year's interest on the national debt. 

After a careful estimate of the 
value of the products of the farm 
during 1904. made within the census 
scope, it is safe to place the amount 
at 4.900 million dollars after exclud- 
ing the value of farm products fed to 
live stock in order to avoid duplica- 
tion of values. This is 9.65 per cent, 
above the produce of 1903, and 31.28,, 
per cent, above that of the census year | * 
1899. 

Some comparisons are necessary to 
the realization of such an unthinkable 
value, aggregating nearly five billions 
of dollars. The farmers of this coun- 
try have in two years produced wealth 
exceeding the output of all the gold 
mines of the entire world since Col- 
umbus discovered America. This 
year's product is over six times the 
amount of the capital stock of all 
national -banks, it lacks but three 
fourths of a billion dollars of the 
value of the manufactures of 1900, 
less the cost of materials used; it is 
three times the gross earnings from 
the operations of the railways, and 
four times the value of the minerals 
produced in this country. 

The year 1901 keeps well up to the 
average of exports of farm products 
during the five years 1899-1903, 
amounting to over 859 millions, while 
the average for the five years was 
nearly 865 miTions. During the last 
15 years the balance of trade in favor 
of this countrv, all articles considered, 
exceeded 4.384 million dollars, but 
taking farm products alone, these 
showed a balance in our favor of more 
than 5,300 millions. 

Reviewing the Increase in farm 
capital, the Secretary estimates it 
conservatively at 2.000 million dollars 
within four years — this without recog- 
nizing the marked increase in the 
value of land during the past two 
years. The most startling figures 
ehown as illustrating the farmers' 
prosperity are those presented by 
deposit 1 : in banks in tvpical agricul- 
tural States. The Secretarv selects for 
thi= illustration Iowa, Kansas, and 
Mississippi. Taki"g all kinds of 
bp.nks. National. State, private, and 
savings, the deposits increased from 
June 30. 1896. to October 31. 1904, in 
Iowa, 164 per cent., in Kansas 21.9 
per cent., and in Mississippi 301 per 
cent. — In the United States 91 per 



•* BOOK >* 

Latest Revised Edition 



r 



h 



y 



TRADE MAR" 



plainly diagnosed, with cause, I 



"HOGOLOGY," my book about hogs, will 
be sent FREE if you mention Southern 
Planter when writing for it. Many new and 
important subjects, have been added, and 
some of those treated are:The hog a money 
maker, statistics, history, illustrations and 
descriptions of breeds, associations with ad- 
dress of secretaries, advice on selecting lo- 
cation, breed, breed sows. boar, etc.; pedi- 
grees, quarters, foods, inbreeding, market- 
ing, curing pork, fall pigs, exhibiting, anat- 
omy of the hog, illustrated; diseases— more 
than fifty of the ailments to which the hog is subject 
symptoms and treatment, etc., -te 

if this is not the best hog book out. It was the first book 
of the kind pvpt Issued for gratuitous distribution, the 
first edition having been Issued more than 20 years ago, 
and it Is the only book of the kind devoted exclusively to the hog, aud written by a vete- 
rinarian and swine specialist. 

1 PAY FOR ALL HOGS THAT DIE 

when my Remedy is fed is a pr<'vent1ve. Full particulars regarding this insurance] 
proposition in "Hogology." Its record for 28 years proves it to be the most successful 
hog remedy as well as the oldest. 

Twenty-five pound can, $12.50.; 12% lb. can, $6.50, prepaid. Packages, $2.50, $1.25 
and 50 cents. None genuine without my signature on package or can label. 

JOS. HAAS. V. S.. Indianapolis. Ind. 



,000 Reward 




OKAY'S B1U CHIfcF, 57077. 



I have a limited number of Pigs by 
tny fine Boars, Gray's Big Chief, 57077, 

and Victor G, 5707<>, and ran furnish pairs not i kin or related to th'*e previously 
purchased. Young Boars and fc'ows • f a 1 agep. Send to headquarters and gel the 
best from the oldest and largest herd of Poland-Chinas in tit s !»tme at ope- half 
vVestern prii es Address J- B GWAY, Fredericksburg. Va. 



a REGISTERED^ 



§ BERKSHIRE BOARS, 

* READY FOR SERVICE, 

1 *• * F O R SALE.*'* 1 

* Pigs of both sexes ; and also 

2 HERD HEADER Herd VI, after Dec. 20th, 

J He is two years old, and of best blood. 

5 PHIL. H. GOLD, Winchester, Va. 

THE - OAKS - STOCK - FARM. 

A. W. HERMAN. Jr., treasurer State of 
Virginia, Prop k'lchmond, Va. 

We breed and ship the FINEST STRAINS ot 

Lw ENGLISH BERKSHIRES 

for lens money than any firm In the South, uu/ll- 
liy co'isi |. reil Kvery pig iliipped possesses 
1 n'rllvlrlnH < merit Pedigree 'urn niter] »lih nil 
BtOi'k Kill nr sell y-iir •criibl hi rl buy hogs 
that will pay. Knr niicpsmn't flfsr-riplion H<1ore»8 
ALEX. HAUMAN, Mgr..U«lnzton, Va. 

25 Tons of CHoice Timothy Hay For Sale. 




1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 843 



BILTMORE FARM 



r* 



BILTMORE, N. C. 

We Have Become Headquarters for Everything We Breed. 



BILTMORE JERSEYS. — The American home of the Great Golden Lads — a family that has produced 
great milkers, with the best udders and show-yard records that the world has ever seen. Our bulls 
are out of dams owned and tested in the Biltmore Herds, and buyers can get as near to a certainty 
as is possible. Large, 52 week milk and butter records a specialty. Over four hundred in five dif- 
ferent herds to select from. 

BILTMORE BERKSHIRES. — No herd in the world has made as good a record. All the great Champions 
of England and America have either been in service or bred here. Our yearly offerings at unreserved 
auction are eagerly taken at nearly double the price of all previous records. The most successful 
herds all over the States are using a Biltmore foundation. 

BILTMORE POULTRY.— Only the UTILITY breeds. Barred and White Plymouth Rocks, White and 
Golden Wyandottes, Brown and White Leghorns, Bronze Turkeys, Pekin Ducks. Over 50 yards 
of prize winners. Extra size, fine type, from fixed strains, and more prizes won at the leading shows 
than all competitors together. 
Also a small kennel of extra choice, Rough coated imported Scotch Collies. 



The Imperial Fruit and Ponltry Farm 

OFFERS, AT PRICES IN REACH IN ALL, 

STRICTLY PURE-BRED 

Barred and White Plymouth Rocks, 

White and Silver-Laced Wyandottes, 

S. C. Brown and White Leqhorns. 

Few B. Minorca Cockerels, Bronze Turkeys and Pekin Ducks. 



SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. 
WRITE TO-DAY f-OR INFORMATION. 



P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., .• .• .• Staunton, Va. 



814 



THE SOUTIIEKN PLANTER. 



[December, 



cent. A similar favorable compari- 
son may be made as to the number 
of depositors. 

The Secretary concludes that the 
farmers' rate of financial progress 
need fear no comparison with that of 
any other class of producers. 
U. S. Department, of Agriculture, 
Washington, D. C. Twentieth 
Annual Report of the Bureau of 
Animal Industry, 1903. 
Bureau of Chemistry. Bulletin 85. 
The Cementing power of Road 
Materials. 
Bureau of Chemistry. Bulletin 87. 
Chemical composition of some 
Tropical Fruits and their pro- 
ducts. 
U. S. Department of Agriculture, Of- 
fice of Experiment Stations, 
Washington D. C. Experiment 
Station Record. Vol. XVI., No. 
3. 
Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulle- 
tin 58. The vitality and germina- 
tion of Seeds. 
Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulle- 
tin 59. Pasture, Meadows and 
Forage Crops in Nebraska. 
Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulle- 
tin 57. Legal and customary 
weight per bushel of Seeds. 
Eureau of Soils. Bulletin 23. In- 
vestigations in Soil fertility. 
Farmers Bulletin No. 210. Regula- 
tions for the certification of Asso- 
ciations of Breeders of Live Stock 
and Books of Record of Pedigrees. 
Department of the Interior. United 
States Geological Survey. Fuel- 
testing plant of the United States 
Geological Survey. 
Alabama Experiment Station, Au- 
burn, Ala. Bulletin 120. The 
Mexican Cotton Boll Weevil. 
Cornell Experiment Station, Ithaca, 
N. Y. Bulletin 222. Record of an 
attempt to increase the Fat of 
Milk by means of liberal feeding. 
Coloroda Experiment Station, Fort 
Collins, Col. Bulletin 91. Potato 
failures. 
Bulletin 92. Large potato vines 
and no potatoes. 
Idaho Experiment Station, Moscow, 
Idaho. Bulletin 42. Experiments 
in feeding. 
Kansas Experiment Station, Man- 
hattan, Kas. Bulletin 125. Ex- 
periments with Dairy Cows. 
Maryland Experiment Station. College 
Park. Md. Circular Bulletin 60. 
Fall treatment for San Jose scale. 
Circular Bulletin 61. Winter work 
against fruit diseases. 
Michigan Experiment Station, Agri- 
cultural College, Mich. Bulletin 
218. Some essential soil changes 
produced by micro-organisms. 
New Hampshire Experiment Station, 
Durham, N. H. Bulletin 113. 
Corn meal middlings and separa- 
tor skim milk for fattening pigs. 
New York Experiment Station, Geneva, 
N. Y. Bulletin 254. Fall use of 
sulphur sprays. 
North Carolina Department of Agri- 




A Happy New Year 

To you Farmers! You will certainly have a Merry 
Christmas as well as a prosperous, happy New Year, 
if you used on your crops at seed-time 

Virginia-Carolina Fertilizers 

Now, to insure yourself a happy New Year every 
year, and all the year through to Christmas— con- 
tinue to fertilize your crops with these well-known 
brands. They will pay you handsomely. Write 
for information if ) our dealer cannot furnish you. 



VIRGINIA-CAROLINA CHEMICAL CO. 

Charleston. 3. C. 8arannah, Ga. 

Atlanta, Ga. Montgomery, All 

Memphis, Term, 



Richmond, Va. 

Korfolk, Va. 
Durham, N. C 




BERKSHIRES! ** *se BEkKSMIRES! 

The following up-to-date stockmen thlnkmy ROYAL BERKSHIRES the finest the 
world can show. I ceuld print thousands ofthe same opinion, but I take only one from 
each State: 

P. H. Rudd. Mariners Harbor, N. Y.; Col. 
F. C. Goldborough. Baston, Md.; J. M. Ven- 
able, Farmville, Va. ; Edgar Long, Graham, 
N. C; John C. McAfee, Cheater, S. C; 
Dr. S. W. Fain, Dandrldge, Tenn.; Prealdent 
Bowdrle Pblnizy, Augusta, Ga.; R. C. Mc- 
Klnney, Basslnger, Fla.; General Tboa. T. 
Munford, Unlontown, Ala.; W. W. Cornelius. 
Blue Springs, Mlsa. ; J. M. Gann, Varnada, 
La.; B. P. Van Horn, Toyah, Texas; D. O. 
Lester. Hatfield. Ark. 

Take no risk; confer with these people, 
and order direct from the 1 ' veteran breeder. 

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm. Lexington, Virginia. 

Five car loads bright Timothy Hay for sale, cheap. 

We positively guarantee to breed 
and ship the \ KKY BEST strains of 
thorough bred registered LARGE 
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE 
Hogs lor LESS MONEY thau any other 
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our 
stock considered Send us your order 
and we will satisfy you both in price 
and Stock. WALTER B. FLEMING, 

Proprietor el the bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warreston. N. C 

URY STOCK FARM OF 

HOLSTEIN- FRISIANS 

Have reduced our herd 25 head during the past two months, but would like to sell 
a5j many more before going into winter quarters. Herd headed by Defcol 2d, Butter Boy 
3d, No. 2, whirh we can justly claim the best butter backed bull South of the Mason and 
Dixon line. Also a choice lot of English Berkshire sows from 3 to 9 mos. Sired by 
Manor Faithful, Fancy Duke and Esau Princess of Filston. Before buying write or come 
and see us. THOS. FASSITT & SONS, Sylmar, Md. 




1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



845 



culture, Raleigh, N. C. Entomo- 
logical Circular 12. The Straw- 
berry Weevil. 
Cider making on the farm. 

Hampton Institute, Va. Animal Indus- 
try Leaflet No. 4. 

Virginia Crop Pest Commission, Blacks- 
burg, Va. Circular to nurserymen 
and fruit growers relating to the 
purchase of nursery stock. 

Virginia Climate and Crop Service, 
Richmond, Va. Report for Octo- 
ber, 1904. 

Imperial Department of Agriculture 
for the West Indies, Barbados, W. 
I. Agricultural News, October, 
1904. 



GRAND PRIZE FOR THE STUDE- 
BAKERS. 

It is with great pleasure that we re- 
cord the fact that the Studebaker Bros. 
Manufacturing Company won the 
grand prize, which was the highest 
award at the Louisiana Purchase Ex- 
position. This award covered substan- 
tially everything made by the Stude- 
baker people, including wagons of 
every description for city and farm 
use, all styles of harness and accesso- 
ries. 

As hundreds of our readers are using 
Studebaker wagons, etc., they will 
doubtless take as much pleasure in 
reading this notice as we have in writ- 
ing it. 



GOLD MEDAL. 

The Gold Medal, (highest award for 
Grinding Mills) has been placed by the 
Louisiana Purchase Exposition on the 
Exhibit of the Foos Manufacturing 
Company, of Springfield, Ohio, a con- 
cern that is familiar to our readers. 
Not only have their products been fre- 
quently presented in our advertising 
columns, but their mills have been in 
use by most of the large successful 
planters throughout the South. 

The company is now making a new 
line of mills, especially adapted for 
grinding corn in the shuck, and our 
readers are advised to write at once 
for prices and particulars regarding 
these and the other mills made by this 
noted company. 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our "Business Office. 



Elkton Stock Farm, 

LOCATED ON NORFOLK & WESTERN R. R. 

12 Miles W. of Lynchburg. 

Breeders of Pure Bred, Registered 

HEREFORD CATTLE 



:an d: 



BERKSHIRE HOGS. 

Young 9toek for «ale »t all times 1 , at reas- 
onable prices. 
All statements and representations guar- 
anteed. 

LONO DtSTAN :B TELBPHOKB. 

FOREST DEPOT, VIRGINIA. 



Rosemont Herefords. 

2 finely bred bulls, 10 monfhs and 1 year old, and 2 
splendid heifers, brtd to Acrabat, are our offering this 
month. Let us give you full particulars and pedigrees. 

"A Brief History of Hereford Cattle" 

wi I interest you Let us send you a copy. ROsEMONT 
FARH, Berryville, Clarke Co , Va. 




Registered « Herefords, 

Herd headed by the Grand Champion 

PRINCE RUPERT, 79539. 

Young stock for sale. Inquiries 
cheerfully answered. 

EDW.O. BUTLER, Annefield Farms, 

Berryville, Virginia. 




PRINCE RIU'EKT, 79 89. 



. ■ I I p » 1 I I I I | . ■ » I I ""■ "" " 

Bacon Hall Farm 

Hereford Cattle -:- Berkshire Hogs 

REGISTERED-ALL AGES. 

DOR SET RAMS. 

Toulouse Geese, Huscovy Ducks. 

MOTTO: Satisfaction or no sale. 

E. M. GILLET & SON, = Glencoe, Haryland. 




Spring Flexible 
Disc Harrow 

Only Harrow in the world 
with Independent adjust- 
able spring pressure upon 
inner ends of disc gangs. 
Any amount of pressure 
thrown on these inner 
ends by foot. Ball-bearing. 
Works uneven ground. All 
sizes, at proportionate H§| 
prices. 

Seasonable Implements of the latest style, always up-to- 
date. Possibly you are now or will soon need a Ccrn Sheller, 
Feed Cutter, Disc Plow. You can get our Catalogue for the 
asking. 

OUR PRICES MUST BE RIGHT. 

NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY CO. 

41-51 Union Street, NORFOLK, VA. 



846 



THE SOTJTHEKN PLANTER 



[December, 




ROBERT C. B 

(Successor to Brauer Cattle Co.\ 

RICHMOND, - - - VIRGINIA. 

Commission salesman of 

CATTLE, HOGS, SHEEP, LAMBS AND CALVES. 

Highest Market Values Guaranteed. 

STRICT PERSONAL ATTENTION GIVEN ALL CONSIGNMENTS. ALL KINDS o'lOCK BOUGHT ON ORDERS. 

ADDRESS 

ROBERT C. BRAUER, Richmond, Va. 




Long Distance Phones— 2126 and 82. 

P. O Box 204. 

Pens— Union Stock Yards. 



Bill stock in your name in my care. 



BOOKS AND PAMPHLETS. 



POULTRY FEEDING AND FATTEN- 
ING. 

A handbook for poultry keepers on 
the standard and improved methods 
of feeding and marketing all kinds of 
poultry. 

The subject of feeding and fattening 
poultry is prepared largely from the 
side of the best practice and expe- 
rience here and abroad, although the 
underlying science of feeding is ex- 
plained as fully as needful. The sub- 
ject covers all branches, including 
chickens, broilers, capons, turkeys and 
waterfowl; how to feed under various 
conditions and for different purposes. 
The whole subject of capons and ca- 
ponizing is treated in detail. A great 
mass of practical information and ex- 
perience not readily obtainable el89- 
'vbere is given, with full and explicit 
directions for fattening and preparing 
for market. The broad scope of the 
book is shown in the following Table 
of Contents: 

Profits in Poultry, Care of Poultry, 
Where to Keep Fowls, Breeds and 
Breeding, Feeds and Feeding, Hatch- 
ing and Rearing the Natural Way, 
Artificial Incubation, Broilers and Ca- 
pons, The Market End, Waterfowl, 
Turkeys, Guineas, Pea Fowls, Pigeons 
and Squab Raising, Enemies and Dis- 
eases. 

Profusely illustrated, 160 pages; 
5x7 1-2 inches. Cloth. Price, 50 cents, 
postpaid. 

ORANGE JUDD COMPANY, 
51 Lafayette Place, New York, N. Y. 

Marquette Building, Chicago, 111. 

We can supply this book at the price 
named. 



REGISTERED CATTLE. 
Attention Is called to the advertise- 
ment of the Landa Cattle Company to 
be found elsewhere in this issue. The 
offering consists of Registered Red 
Polls, Polled Durhams and Shorthorns, 
in large numbers. 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 




The Delaware Herd of 

ROYAL ANGUS CATTLE 

Is not surpassed either In breeding or Individual aat- 
mals, by any herd In the East. At the head of »ur 

herd is PRINCE BARBARA, 68604, 

the son of the great $9,100 Prince Ito. Females »/ 
equally choice breeding. Write your wants. R«me«- 
ber, we take personal care of our rattle; keep oo hick 
priced help; Incur oo expense of exhibiting; all of which 
enables us to offer Btock at equitable prices. Bead tor 
pamphlet. 

MYER & SON, Prop., - Sridgeville, Del. 




STRICTLY 
"•AUTOMATIC 
.THROUGHOUT 



Standard Cyphers Incubators 

]J are guaranteed to hatch more and healthier chicks with less oil and 
leas attention in your hands than any other, or your money hack. Ab- 
solutely automatic and self-regulating". Used and endorsed by 42 Gov- 
ernment Fxperiment Stations and by Ameriea'sforemost poultrvmen. 
Complete Catalogue and Poultry Guide, 212 pas-es (8x110 more than 500 
illustrations. FREE, If yon send addresses of two neighbors who keep 
pood poultry and mention this paper. Address nearest office. 

Pl'DUETRQ IIIPIIDATilD Pfl Buffalo, Boston, Chicago. New York, 
UfrntnO IWbUOg.Un UU. T Kansa«CliyorS.in Franclaco. 




Our standard incubators 

Psold direct 10 purchasers at lowest prices. JfO AGENTS. Latest double- 
wall 250- Eg e BUTHery Inoubfltor and Brooder. Everything complete, witli Di- 
rections and Plans, for $28.00 cash. Satisfaction fruaranleed. Refer- 
ence, Delaware City National Bank Set of Poultry House and Brooder Plans, 10c. 
Large 150-page Poultry- book, 50c. Prompt shipment of anything ordered. 

COLUMBIA INCUBATOR CO., Delaware City, Del. 




"Paints that Stay Painted." 

PAINT is what you need. Do you know that 

PAINT will preserve and improve your property? 

PAINT will give your property a prosperous appearance. 

PAINT will increase the value of your farm. We have 

PAINT on hand for everything — 

PAINT for roofs and barns. Lythite Cold Water 

PAINT Carriage and wagon paint. Our " Standard" house 

PAINT is ready-mixed, and for the money no 

PAINT can surpass it. Write us for 

PAINT prices and color cards. 

JOHN W. ATKINSON & CO., 

Richmond, Va. 



1904. 



TIIE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



847 






Save Money When You Buy From Us 

BEST QUALITY AND LOWEST PRICES. 



Granulated Sugar, per lb 5ic. 

Arbuckle's Coffee, per lb 13c. 

Best Cream Cheese, 2 lbs. for 25c. 

Mountain Roll Butter, per lb 15c. 

Lemon Peel, per lb 12c. 

Orange Peel, per lb 12c. 

Citron, per lb 15c. 

L. L. Raisins, 3 lbs. for 25c. 

New Mixed Nuts, per lb 12c. 

Hard Shell Almonds, per lb 10c. 

Soft Shelled Almonds, per lb 15c. 

Shelled Almonds, per lb 30c. 

Currants, 15 oz. packages 8c. 

Sultana Raisins, per lb 10c. 

Filberts, per lb 12^c. 

Palm Nuts or Negro Toes, per lb 12^e. 

Pecans, per lb 10c. 

English Walnuts, per lb 12-^c. 

Dates in Bulk and Package, per lb 6c. 

Large Layer Figs, per lb 12|c. 

Figs in Pound Packages 8c. 

Chalmer's Gelatine, 3 packages for 25c. 

Mother's Gelatine, 5c. package. . 4c. 

Mother's Gelatine, 10c. package 8c. 

American Oats 7c. 

Large Cocoanuts, each 5c. 

Full Cream Candy, per lb 15c. 

Butter Cup Candy in 5 lb. Pails, each 65c. 

French Candy, per lb 8c. 

Best French Mixture, per lb 12c. 

Chocolate Drops, per lb 12^c. 

Christmas Mixture, per lb 10c. 

Shredded Cocoanut, per lb 12^c. 



Primes, 7 lbs. for 25c. 

Quaker Oats, per package 10c. 

Dunlop Flour, per barrel $6.25 

Obelisk Flour, per barrel 6.25 

Daisy Flour, per barrel 5.75 

Pillsbury Flour, per barrel 7.00 

Cut Herrings, 3 doz. for 25c. ; or half bbl. . . . 2.00 

Good Luck Baking Powders, 5c. can for 4c. 

Good Luck Baking Powder, 10c. van for 8c. 

Octogan Soap, per bar 4c. 

Ship Stuff, per ton $24.00 

Bran, per ton 22.50 

Best Hay, per ton 16.50 

N. C. Corn Whiskey, per gallon 2.00 

Best 5 year old Corn Whiskey, per gallon. . . . 2.50 

Old Crown Rye, per gallon 3.00 

Old Keystone Rye, per gallon 2.50 

Old Capitol Rye, per gallon 1.50 

Best Apple Brandy, per gallon 2.50 

Good Gin, per gallon 2.00 

Best Gin, per gallon 2.50 

Old Mountain Whiskey, per gallon 3.00 

Duffy's Malt Whiskey,' per bottle 80c. 

O'Grady's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 75c. 

Paul Jones Whiskey, per bottle $1.00 

Wilson Whiskey, per bottle 90c. 

Catawba Wine, per gallon 45c. 

Blackberry Wine, per gallon 45c. 

Sherry Wine, per gallon $1.00 

Port Wine, per gallon 1.00 

Imported Sherry Wine, per gallon 3.00 

California Port Wine, per gallon 2.00 

Best N. E. Rum, per gallon 2.50 



No extra charge for jugs. Any quantity shipped anywhere. No charge for packing or drayage. 
All orders promptly shipped. If you wish anything not quoted here, write for prices. We handle 
everything in grocerv, feed and liquor business. . ' 

J. S. MOORETS SONS, inc., 

CTflDK.S ,724 East Main Street, Phone 507, 
01 UnCO. I 501 North 25th Street, Phone 1865, 

RICHMOND, VA. 



848 



THE SOUTIIEKN PLANTER. 



[December,. 



GOFF & MAYNE'S FIRST PRINCI- J 
PLES OF AGRICULTURE. 

By Emmett S. Goff, late Professor of 
Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, 
and D. D. Mayne, Principal School of 
Agriculture, St. Anthony Park, Minn. 
Cloth, 12mo, 256 pages. With illus- 
trations and colored plates. Price, 80 
cents. American Book Company, 100 
Washington Square, New York city. 

Every farmer and every farmer's 
boy should own and read with great 
care this book on agriculture, which 
has just been published. Not only 
does it furnish much valuable informa- 
tion, but it also covers well the ele- 
ments of agriculture in its various 
branches. Beginning with a simple 
discussion of the soil and its relations 
to plant life, it takes up gradually the 
principles that a farmer should under- 
stand in order to raise good crops and 
good live stock. Throughout it aims 
to make the work of the farmer men- 
tal as well as manual, and if properly 
studied it will produce better farms 
and better farmers. The soil and 
vegetation are first taken up, includ- 
ing such important topics as Rotation 
of Crops, the Parasites of Plants, Seed 
Testing, Animals that Destroy In- 
sects, the Improvement of Plants, 
Dairying, Live Stock, Poultry, Bee- 
Keeping, etc. The book also contains, 
among other useful information, ta- 
ble? showing the constituents of fod- 
ders and foods, milk testing, silage, 
contents of fields and lots, and quan- 
tities of seed required to the acre, etc. 
The volume is plentifully supplied 
with illustrations and includes many 
full-page colored plates of cattle, poul- 
try and fruits. A copy of this book 
will be sent prepaid to any address on 
receipt of the list price, 80 cents. 



The Everlasting Tubular ^ Steel Plow Doubletrees 



Strawberry Hand Book. This pamph- 
let will be found useful by all straw- 
berry growers. It is published by the 
German Kali Works. 03 Nassau street, 
New York, who will send copy if this 
journal is mentioned. 

Nitro-Culture. The Vest Pocket 
Fertilizer. This pamphlet will be sent 
on application to the National Nitro 
Culture Co., West Chester, Pa. This 
company manufactures the different 
cultures, and is, we are informed, a 
reliable source from whence the bac- 
teria of the different leguminous crops 
can be obtained. 



CATALOGUES. 

Maplemont's Monthly Mentionings, 
devoted to flops. Address Maplemont 
Stock Farm, Rutland, Va., who are 
breeders of choice, pure bred Collies 
and other dogs. 

American needing Machine Co., Su- 
perior Drill Co., Springfield, Ohio. 
Almanac and Household Encyclopedia. 

Page Woven Wire Fence Co., Adrain, 




Guaranteed noi to 
break or bend. Fur- 
nished with tings or 
hooks foriiacea tarh- 
nient. rtample orders 
sent to responsible 
(■artiet on trial. 



Send for our No. 8 
Catalogue for 1904. 
Contains everything 
of interest to Dealer 
or user of Whiffletreei. 



PATTERN No. 105 EQUIPPED WITH FORGED TRIMMINGS. 
Alio manufacturer of Fa m Wa a on Doubletrees, Neck Yokes and Singletrees. 

Pittsburg Tubular Steel "WKiffletree Company, 

SOLE MANUFACTURERS 
PITTSBURG, - - PENNSYLVANIA. 



FOR 5 HP GAS ENGINES 




Grinds Ear Corn and Shuck Corn. 

Capacity 12 to 18 bushels per hour. Safety Quick Release. 50 other 
sizes and styles of 

Scientific Grinding Mills. 

Sweep-geared, Combined and Power. Most efficient and economical 
mills on the market. Simple, strong and durable. Write for new 
catalogue C-5. 

FOOS MFG. CO., {Established 25 years) Springfield, Ohio. 

Highest Award. Gold Medal, Si. Louis, It 04. 



Three 
L/i rser 
Sizes. 



«2I5 



Steam is the Best >> 

After all, the, best most reliable, most efficient and in the end the cheapest power is 
steam. Wind is whimsical and unreliable; water power can only be nsed a few months 
each year at best; g-asoline powers are out of order more than half the time and elec- 
tric current itself depends on steam power. The sure poweris a 

Leffel Engine and Boiler. 

This outfit is detached— b.iler mounted on skids and engine on sepa- 
rate base. Enirine can po on either side of boi ler and any reason- 
able distanceaway. Larpe or small pulley and belton either end 
of engine shart. A highly efficient, quick .learning, high power 
developing oulfif. Suited to any work, any fuel, anywhere. We 
make many otherkindsand styles of Leffel engines and boilers. 
Book "Power Economy and Efficiency," free. ASHTON STARKE, 
James Leffel & Co., Box 134, Springfield, Ohio. Mqhmond.'wa. 



FARQUHAR MACHINERY 




Just received highest award, Gold Medal, on 
Saw Jlills, Knginos and Threshing Ma- 
chines, World's Fair, St. Louis. Ajui 
Portable and Traction Engines: All 
Eizcs. Threshing Machines: All kinds 
—20 to 40 inches. Portable Paw Mills 
■with friction feed and lag turner. 
Pennsylvania Urals 
l>rlilg, Disc and Hoe pat- 
terns, greatly improved 
for 1905. 

A. D. Parquhar Co., Ltd. 
York, Pa. 




OeLOACH 1>AT 

void imitators and infringers and buy the Genuine 
Catalog Free of Saw Mills, 4 H P. and up. Shingli 
Planing, I,ath and Corn Mills; four Stroke 
Hay Presses, Water Wheels. We pay freight 



DeLOACH MILL MFG. CO. 



bv 600 Atlanta, 6a- 







DON'T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES 

all one cylinder engines; revolutionizing gas power. Costs Leu toBny and ILeBl .to Bun. P - ' 
ti'.n.iry or traction. Mention this paper. Send for Catalogue. TIIETEMPLEPl 



UNTIL YOU INVESTIGATE 
"THE MASTER WORKMAN," 

a two-cylinder gasoline engine superior to 

a. Novibration. CanbemountedonanywaKon at small cosMortaWe.stt- 

P CO-, Ufn., Mcat-hcr <fc 1 5th Sta., Chicago, THIS IS OUR FIFTV-FIRST YEAR. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



849 



Mich. A new Catalogue of this splen- 
did fence. 

The Citizen's Savings and Trust Co., 
Cleveland, O. "When my ship comes 
in " A description of the Citizen's 
Bank. These are two most beautifully 
gotten up publications of this strong 
Savings institution, which is deserving 
of the support of all who have money 
to invest. It will be kept safely there 
and pay a fair rate of interest. 

The Royal Squab Aviary, J. L. Mc- 
Daniel, proprietor, 56 Newtown avenue, 
Norwalk, Conn. A great pigeon breed- 
ing establishment. 

Edward L. Schmid, 712 12th street, 
N. W., Washington, D. C. Illustrated 
Catalogue and price list of Schmid's 
Bird and Pet animal emporium. If 
you want pets of any kind this is the 
place to get them. 



ST. NICHOLAS FOR 1905. 
"queen zixi of rx" 
The new serial to run through the 
year, by L. Frank Baum, author of 
"The Wizard of Oz," etc. Beautifully 
illustrated in color. 

"the practical boy" 
Twelve papers on handicraft by Joseph 
H. Adams, an authority of wide expe- 
lience. Fully illustrated. 

"how to study pictures" 
An admirable series of articles, fully 
illustrated, on the great pictures of the 
world and how to judge them, by 
Charles H. Caffln. With reproductions 
from the world's masterpieces. 

"until the doctor comes" 
"Emergency talks," by Dr. E. E. 
Walker. 

Scores of short stories, special articles 
by notable writers, the St. Nicholas 
League and many other good things. 
1905 the best of all 

Price, $3 00 a Year 

THE CENTURY CO., 

Union Scuare, New York. 



COURSES IN AGRICULTURE AT 
THE UNr^ 00 '^ OF TEN- 
NESSEE. 

Practical courses of instruction in 
the Art and Science of Agriculture for 
Southern Farmers. Ten Weeks' Win- 
ter Course, January 5 to March 15, 
1905. Four Years' Course, Commenc- 
ing September 15, 1904. See page 16. 

One and two years' practical courses 
of ten weeks each are offered in the 
following subjects: 

1. Agriculture and Chemistry: Soil 
culture, farm crops, fertilizers and 
cereal judging. 

2. Animal Husbandry: Breeding, 
feeding and judging live stock. 

3. Dairy Husbandry: Butter and 
cheese making, milk testing, and dairy 
machinery. 

4. Horticulture and Botany: Prun- 
ing, gardening, orcharding, spraying 
and plant diseases. 

5. Veterinary Science: Anatomy and 
physiology, hygiene and treatment of 
diseases. 

6. Mechanic Arts: Wood and iron 
working and farm buildings. 



..ELM WOOD NURSERIES.. 



WE ABE QBOWEBS AND OFFEB A FINE ASSORTMENT OI" 

APPLES, PEACHES, PEARS, CHERRIES, PLUMS, APRICOTS, NECTA- 
RINES, GRAPEVINES in large assortments, GOOSEBERRIES, CURRANTS, 
STRAWBERRIES, HORSE-RADISH, ASPARAGUS, DEWBERRIES, and 
an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment ORNAMENTAL and 
SHADE TREES, ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS and HEDGE PLANTS. 

EGGS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $1.00 per 
13. Also a few pullets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for im- 
mediate delivery. Write for Catalogue to 

J B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va. 




STRAWBERRY PLANTS 

$1.25 per Thousand 

FRUIT TREES 

7!4 Cents Each 

Having the largest and best stock in the Country we 
sell direct to growers at much less than half what they 
pay through agents. Plants and Trees packed to 
carry cheaply and safely anywhere in the United 
States. Write for catalogue, mentioning this paper. 

CONTINENTAL PLANT CO., Klttrell, N. C. 



TREES 



Fruit and Ornamental Trees, 
Shrubs, Roses, Grape Vines. 



A large assortment of the Finest Varieties. 

Send for new edition of Catalogue if you contemplate planting. 

We desire to engage a number of reliable, energetic agents to 
represent us during 1905. Salary or commission. Write for 
terms. 

We have an extra large stock of Strawberry plants that we will 
be pleased to quote on application. 



NURSERIES LOCAT ED IN HENRICO AND H ANOVER COUNTIES. 

W. T. HOOD &, CO., 

OLD DOMINION NURSERIES, 

RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 
CHARTERED 1870. 

Merchants National Bank, 

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 

Capital, $200,000 00. 

Surplus, $500,000.00. 

Undivided Profits, .... $171,00000. 

Depository of the United States. State of Virginia, City of Richmond 

Being the largest depository for banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, 
we offer superior facilities for direct and quick collections. Accounts solicited. 

JOHN P. BRANCH. Pres. JOHN K. BRANCH, Vlce-Pres. JOHN F. GLENN, Cashier. 

Assistant Cashiers: J. R. PERDUE, THOS. B. McADAMS, GEO. H. KEEdEE. 

Three Per Cent. Interest Allowed in Savings Department. 



850 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



CHRISTMAS PRESENTS. 
Mary Washington. 
As Christinas approaches, I am re- 
minded of one of Mr. Dooley's most 
amusing articles, viz., the one on 
the subject of Christmas presents, 
hitting at the numerous disappoint- 
ments and misfits connected with 
these. Such misfits occur from per- 
sons not taking time and pains to re- 
flect and discriminate about the pre- 
sents they buy, and also they are some- 
times occasioned by the inadequacy of 
the purchaser's funds. Generally how- 
ever they come more from want of 
judgment and reflection than from 
want of means. Most people put off 
buying their Xmas presents till a short 
while before Xmas when the stores 
are so densely thronged that they can- 
not get waited on satisfactorily, and 
then they get worried and flurried, and 
hastily and injudiciously buy whatever 
they can get hold of most easily. If 
you can command the funds in time, 
it is far better to do your Xmas shop- 
ping in November, or even earlier. I 
have known persons who would begin 
months beforehand picking up first 
one pretty and tasteful article appro- 
priate to a certain friend, and then 
another, whenever they happened to 
ccme across some tempting bargain, 
and in this way, they got suitable and 
acceptable articles, and avoided the 
rush of late Christmas shopping. It is 
important to study the tastes and 
needs of the persons to whom you wish 
to make presents, so as not to give 
idly or ^discriminatingly. If you 
have a friend who loves reading, noth- 
ing could be more appropriate and ac- 
ceptable than a book, but the question 
arises, what kind of book shall it be? 
People have such various tastes about 
reading. What is a mental feast to 
one person would be absolutely dis- 
tasteful to another, so you must con- 
sider your friend's bent of mind before 
choosing a book for her or him, as the 
case may be. There is a wide range of 
choice fiction, poetry, drama, history, 
biography, travel, religious reading 
and miscellany. In all these depart- 1 
ments, admirable works await those 
who know how to choose them. A 
year's subscription to some good 
periodical is also a delightful Xmas 
present for a person who is fond of 
reading, and the oft recurrent arrival 
of the periodical, gives more pleas- 
ure than the one volume given at 
Christmas. It gratifies people especial- 
ly to have something given them for 
their own individual use or pleasure, 
and this is particularly the case with 
hard working, self-denying people who 
spend little or nothing on the in- 
dulgence of their own tastes and fan- 
cies, but use their means to buy utili- 
tarian things for the common good of 
the household. Instead of making a 
so-called present of this nature to the 
laborious mother of the household. 
give her a nice pair of kid gloves, a 
package of fine handkerchiefs, a 
rlaintv volumn by her favorite author, 




OF ALL KINDS. 



Painted Corrugated Roofing, Painted V. Crimp 
Roofing, Roofing Tin in boxes or rolls, Tarred 
Roofing Felt, Perfected Granite Roofing. V V 

Ifeet Inches 




Send us the DIMENSIONS OF YOUR ROOF, stating 
KIND OF ROOFING wanted, and we will quote you on sufficient 
quantity to cover it. 

You can ADD YEARS to the life of your roof by painting 
it with our — i 

Magnet Red Roofing Paint. 

1 gallon will cover 2£ squares Can furnish in any sizf package, 
1 gallon up. Only the very HTGIIEST GRADE material enters 
into the manufacture of this paint. Write for prices. 



We also carry a complete stock of Conductor Pipe and Gutter, Solders and Metals; Galvanized and 

= Black Sheet Iron, etc. = 

Southern Railway Supply Company, 

1323 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA 



Headquarters for 
Nursery Stock. 



WHOLESALE 

AND 

RETAIL. 



We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders 
ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME. 



Apples, Nectarines, Pecans, 

Pears, Cherry, Chestnuts, 

Peach, Quinces, Walnuts, 

Plum, Almonds, Small Fruits, 

Apricots, 
CALIFORNIA PRIVET, Tor Hedging. 

. . AGENTS WANTED. 
FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., 



Ornamental and 
Shade Trees, 
Evergreens, 
Roses, Etc. 

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. 

Baltimore, MP. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



851 




Water Puri- 
fying Pumps 
Iron Pumps 
Wood Pumps 
of every 
Description. 




—STEEL STOCK TANKS— 

Of every description. 
Great Savinc In Freight. 
This Is our 61st year. 
THE TEMPLE PUMP CO., Mrgrs. 
Meagher and Canal Streets, ClIICAliO, ILL. 



a photograph of some fine painting to 
hang in her bed room, or a pretty pair 
of vases for her mantel piece. I have 
read of a man who would make his 
wife a present of a new cooking stove 
or some similar article at Christmas, 
instead of giving her some little article 
that showed special thought of her- 
self, her needs or her fancies, some 
little article, no matter how trival, 
intended for her personal use, pleasure 
or adornment. Such thought on the 
part of the husband tends to bring 
back the roses to the faded cheek of 
the toil worn wife, and to create a 
youthful gladness in her heart. 

A graceful and appropriate offering 
at Christmas is something of our own 
production, and if the recepient be a 
person of any sentiment, this Mill b? 
more prized than any other kind of 
present. Those who do fancy work 
have it in their power tc make beauti- 
ful presents of their own handiwork, 
though the strain on their eyes, and 
the amount of time and labor required 
to prepare these presents make them 
more burdensome than others, but 
still it is a burden willingly borne for 
the sake of sentiment and affection. 
Presents of this kind require to be 
planned long beforehand, so tbat the 
work may be gradually done, and not 
fall too pressingly on the eye sight 
and time just before Christmas. 

Flowers or plants are a lovely 
Christmas offering, and they seem 
doubly so, if they come from the pit 
or green house of a friend where they 
have been tended by her own hands. 
A hamper filled with red berries, run- 
ning cedar, ferns and evergreens, is a 
charming present for a country person 
to send a city friend and delights the 
latter far more than any gift of 
"manufactured mechanism." 

Where persons have limited means 
(as is the case with the majority) it 
is a good thing for two or three mem- 
bers of the family to club together 
when they wish to make an especially 
nice present. It secures the increased 
results which always flow from co- 
operation. In this way, two young 
girls, for instance, might arrange to 
give a nice rocking chair to their 
mother, or a pretty piece of silver, or 
they might give a more valuable book 
or magazine to their father than 
either one could do singly. 

Finally, I would say to those 
who are not so situated as to make 
Christmas presents, you can still show 
the Christmas spirit of peace and good 
will, and show a kindly interest in and 
hearty sympathy with others. Above 
all, if you have any breach with 
friends, neighbor or relative, let Xmas 
b** a season of reconciliation. Let it be 
a time for forgiving and putting away 
all bitter and resentful thoughts. 



ORGANIZED 1832. 



ASSETS, $932,050.00. 



Virginia Fire and Marine 

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va. 

Insures Against Fire and Lightning. 

All descriptions of property in country and town, private 

or public, insured at fair rates, on accommodating terms. 

AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY- 

W. H. PALHER, President. W. M. flcCARlrlY, Secretary. 



* THE j* 



SEABOARD 

AIR LINE RAILWAY 



OFFERS 
PROFITABLE 
INVESTMENTS 
TO- 



THE MANUFACTURER, 
THE STOCK RAISER, 
THE DAIRYMAN, 
THE FRUIT GROWER, 
THE TRUCKLR. 



WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN. 

Would a country where work can be carried on the entire year and whers 
large profltt can be realized Interest you? 

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and <: 
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome illustrate 
literature descriptive of the section. 

CHARLES B. RYAN, 



J. B. WHITE, 

Gen Industrial Agt , Portsmouth, Va. 



EDW. W. COST, 
Traffic Mg Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Va 



The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway 

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and 
THROUGH ITS CONNECTIONS.... 

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis, 

Sandusky and Cleveland ; 
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus; 
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima 
and Dayton — 

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT ^SSSrSSSS^ ROUTE. 

To HTAU^TON, LYNCHBURG, CHARLOTTESVILLE, 
RICHMOND, PMTER BCRG, NORFOLK, 
And Principal Virginia Points. 

H. W. FULLER, den. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C. 



When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the 
Southern Planter. 



852 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[December, 



CLUBBING LIST. 

In this list will be found prices on 
papers, magazines and periodicals 
which are most called for by our read- 
ers. We have club rates with nearly 
all reputable publications, and will 
quote them on request: 

DAILIES. 

With 
Alone. S. P. 
Times-Dispatch, Richmond, 

Va , $5 00 $5 00 

Times-Dispatch (without 

Sunday) 3 00 3 00 

News-Leader, Richmond, 

Va 3 00 3 00 

The Post, Washington, D. C. 6 00 6 00 
The Sun, Baltimore, Md... 3 00 3 40 

THRICE A WEEK. 

The World, New York 1 00 1 25 

WEEKLIES. 

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, 

Va 1 00 1 25 

Central Presbyterian, Rich- 
mond, Va 2 00 2 25 

Religious Herald, Rich- 
mond, Va 2 00 2 25 

Southern Churchman, Rich- 
mond, Va 2 00 2 25 

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00 

Breeders' Gazette 2 00 1 75 

Country Gentleman 150 1 75 

Hoard's Dairyman 1 00 1 30 

Horseman 3 00 3 00 

MONTHLIES. 

The Century 4 00 4 25 

St. Nicholas 3 00 3 25 

Lippincott's 2 50 2 50 

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00 

Harper's Bazaar 1 00 1 40 

Scribner's 3 00 3 25 

Frank Leslie's 1 00 1 35 

Cosmopolitan 1 00 1 35 

Everybody's 1 00 1 35 

Munsey 1 00 1 35 

Strand 1 25 1 65 

Madame 1 00 1 00 

Argosy 1 00 1 35 

Review of Reviews 2 50 2 75 

Poultry Success 1 00 75 

Rural Mechanics 1 00 55 

Blooded Stock 50 60 

Successful Farming 1 00 60 

Southern Fruit Grower ... 50 85 

Wool Markets and Sheep . . 50 75 

Dairy and Creamery 50 75 

Commercial Poultry 50 75 

When two or more publications are 
wanted, the price for them can be 
found by deducting 50 cents from 
"price with Southern Planter." 

We cannot under any circumstances 
furnish sample copies of other publi- 
cations. 

We will cheerfully quote our best 
price on any list of publications sub- 
mitted to us. 



Seed House of the South. 



RED 

CLOVER, 

nAMMOTH 

CLOVER, 

CRinSON 

CLOVER, 

WHITE 

CLOVER, 

LUCERNE 

CLOVER, 

ALSYKE ' 

CLOVER, 

BOKHARA 

CLOVER, 

JAPAN 



BUR 



CLOVER, 



•LOVER, 




TII10THY, 

ORCHARD 

GRASS, 

RED TOP or 

HERDS ORASS 

KENTUCKY 

BLUB ORASS 

RANDALL 

ORASS, 

TALL MEADOW 

OAT 0.RA3S 

JOHNSON 

GRASS, 

GERHAN 

MILLET, 

BUCKWHEAT, 

OATS and 

CANE SEED. 



"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap." 

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of every 
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are 

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS. 

+ *r & WE ALSO SELL 

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers 

For Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c. 

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and 
Fertilizing Materials generally. 

' Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods. 
Samples sent by mail when desired. 



Wm. A. Miller & Son, «* 



1016 Main Street, 
LYNCHBURG, VA. 



rfficrtmoiui, 



& Potomac k. k. 



AND 



Washington Southern Railway 




The Double-Track Link connecting the 



Atlantic Coast Line Railroad 
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 
Chesapeake and Ohio Railway 
Pennsylvania Railroad 
Seaboard Air Line Railway 
Southern Railway 

Between ALL POINTS 
Via RICHMOND, VIRGINIA 



THE GATEWAY BETWEEN THE NORTH AND THE SOUTH 
-& FAST MAIL, PASSENGER, EXPRESS AND FREIGHT ROUTE &■ 
OVER FIFTY MILES OF THE SECOND TRACK ALREADY IN SERVICE 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



853 



The American Field Fence 



is even less than barb wire or wood 
and when erected is practically ever- 
lasting. Furnished in various heights 
and styles. 

Write for special catalogue and 
prices. 



is the most economical fence 
that can be erected. Its cost 



SSiNCMc 





We are prepared to fill orders promplly for GALVANIZED 
BARB WIRE and PLAIN WIRE of all sizes at lowest market 
prices. 

The Ideal Triple Geared Feed 
Mill grinds shelled grain and 
corn and cob into excellent 
feed. Furnished also with 
power attachment, which is 
very useful for running wood 
saws, corn shellers, tnreshing 
machines and other machinery ; 
ai,u LritiAuING MILLS for ONE and TWO HORSES as 
well as for engines. Send for special catalogue and prices. 






OHIO FEED CUTTERS for hand or 
power. A comparison with others will 
convince you it is the strongest, sim- 
plest and best made. The power ma- 
chines are furnished with blower or 
carrier if so wanted. Prices very low. 



V CRIMP STEEL, ROOFING. Th«5 
most economical roof made. Does not 
require a carpenter to put it on. Fur- 
nished In all lengths from 5 to 10 feet 
long. 



AGENTS WANTED EVERYWHERE. 



WOOD'S PATENT SWTNG CHURN. 
The quickest and cleanest butter maker 
known. The frame is made of Hol- 
low Steel Pipe, very light and strong, 
and easily forms a useful table. The 
churns are furnished of either wood 
or heavy tin. 

THE EMPIRE 
CREAM SEP- 
ARATOR should 
be on every farm 
where three or 
more cows are 
kept. It will save 
its cost many 
times in one year. 
It is the simplest 
one ever raan- 
ufac tured and 
can be cle a n e d 
without trouble to 
any one. Write 
usforparticulars. 




B, r?,P^ L ^ n 5II E ^ SKEIN FARM WAGONS, MITCHELL FARM WAGONS, BUGGIES, CARRIAGES. HAR. 

Spin a8rE?4* A JS? .IT'S PLA,N W,KE - poultry netting and lawn fencing, corn smellers 

FEED CUTTERS, GRaIN DULLS, WOOD SAWS, MOWERS, BINDERS, MAY RAKES CLLtKb ' 

All kinds of Agricultural Implements and Machines. ' Catalogue mailed free 

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va. 



854 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [December, 



o 
«» 



A LIBERAL OFFER. 




3 Months Trial Subscription 



4» 



TO THE= 



1 Southern Planter 

for 10 CENTS or 3 for 25 CENTS. 



€ » 



J» 



* 

This liberal offer should be accepted by thous= 
ands who are not now readers. 
S Send in at once. 






«. 



4* 

« I* 



I The SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va. 

4» '■jcHHfr^'?Hfc ; 'r^'^'^Mfr*f^*^^ 



i 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



855 



M'NFPED CALL, 
Gen'S Manager. 



aSriSWfio. THE CALL=WATT CO., 

Implements. Machinery and Vehicles 

THE UNIT ROAD MACHIN 

So called because it has but ONE WHEEL, and takes but ONE TEAM and 
ONE MAN to operate it. It has passed through the experimental stage, and 
stands well tested and perfected. By actual test it has been demonstrated that 
with one team and four men it will build more and better road than can be 
done by 40 men with the usual tools. That it saves labor enough to pay for 
itself every two days it is in use. That it is economy for each township to 
have one, not only to build its roads, but to keep them in order after they are 
built. It will do as good work as the heavy, expensive road machines, at very 
much less expense, and has advantages over any of them. The price is so low 
every road district and even individuals can afford one. 

FOR FA.KM WOKK ii is e-pecial y desirable, ai.d has do equal, for the inexpen- 
sive and practical building of roads and keeping them in order, cutting down ditch banks, opening drain=, leveling, and 
for many other purposes. In time and labor saved it will soon pay for itself, to say nothing of its gteat convenience. 

Cevtkevii.le Md. Bkiston. 

THE CALL- WATT CO . Richmond, Va : 

Gentlemen : The UNIT machine purchased of you came a little late for running out leads in my wheat fields, yet I 
have gi en it a fair trial at that work ; als > cutting down and pulling < ff ditch banks, and find it just the thinsr for these 
purpose?, saving time, team and labor. It is useful in other ways ab ut the farm, such as pulling in ;oads and leveling 
Ijw places in fields which votild take twice the time and labor with the comm n scoop 

I am so w.-ll pleased with it that if 1 could not get anothe I would n "t sell at doub e what it cost me. 

Y .urs respectfully, 
Nov 9, 1904. SUMMhKFIELO TTLGHMAN. 

All Interested In GOOD ROADS are requested to write for descriptive circulars of the UNIT and other road 
building tools. 

BALING PRESSES for Hay, Cotton, Straw, etc. WHEAT DRILLS, CANE MILLS, DISC HARROWS, ROLL- 
ERS. MANURE SPREADERS. PEA HULLERS, FARM WAGONS, ENGINES, SAW MILLS, CORN MILLS, CORN 
SHELLERS, WHEAT FANS, PLOWS and PLOW CASTINGS. 

W e solicit enquiries for anything desired. 13 S. 1 5th St r 6 ©t, Bet. Main and Cary RICHMOND, VA. 




1905. 



1905. 



KELLY, 22823. 



Record 2:27 Sire of McChesney , 2:16%. et 
H»y horse by Electioneer 125; first rlaro, F 
ther, dam of Expressive 3,_2:]2%- '«"""> ">^ 



am, Es- 
X press 2:21. 
.: by Express eie. Kell represeits the 
highest type of a trotter, having fine size and 
the form and finish of a thorough-bred. For 
terms of service address 



eu 



W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va, 



Ke'ly will serve at my priva'e -table. 1102 Hall 
street Manchester. Va. 



Richardson Brothers, 

613 Brook ve., RLhmond, Va , 

BUILDER- OF 

Wagons and Carriages, 

A se ect lot of business and pleasure 
Vehicles on hand 

H pairing neat y done. Orders b\ 
mad H(>licite<'. 

VV. J. CARTER, 

TU^F JOURNALIST and 
PEDIGREE EXPERT... 

A* ORE-S: 
P O Box 929, Richmond, Va. 

Or 1 102 Hull St.. Manchester, va PHONE 3380 
Representing "The Times- Dispatch" and 
"Southern Planter." Richmond. Va.; "Ken 
tuekr Stock Farm," and "The Thoroughbred 
Record." Lexington. Ky. ; "8ports of ttaa 
Tlniea," New York, and the "Breeder and 
?pnrtaman," San Francisco, Cal. 




1905. 1905. 

WOODMONDEANDHtfTONDALEFARMS 

LINGTON 



"The Gentleman in Black," 

Winner of the Criterion Stakes, Pelham Handicap. 
Brooklyn Derby, Belmont. Trial and Tidal Stakes. 

Black hor-e, by Powhatan, dam imp Inver 
cauld, by St. Albans; 2d d«mlni|i Kleanor, by 
Vohigeur; 3d Ttiemis by Touchstone; 4i h dam 
Rectitude (dam of Laius, Or ' aius < hivalry and 
Ariatiries), by Lottery : 5<b dam Decision (dam 
of Br wn Stout XXX and Slvlo). by Magistrate, 
etc . etc. BUKLING10N will maka the season 
of 1905 at J E. Lane's above named farms at 
Esmoni Albemarle county, Va. 

^ee 80 with usual return privilege if horse 
Is alive and In my possession. 

For particulars addrehs 

J. E LANE, 
Esmont, Albemarle County, Va. 

R. H. RICHARDSON, 

1308 Hull St , flanchester, Va. , 

Dealer in 

Harness of all Kinds, 

HARDWARE, POINTS AND OILS. 
Also Farm Wagons of various grades 



FOR SALE, 

at a price which he can earn with ease 
in a single stud season, the standard 
and reai-tered t'Otting stallion 

L£ PANTO, 0577, 

by Petoskey. £633, son of Geo. Wilkes, 2:22. 

lie is a ri< h bav in color, sfcyl sh ard 
riands' me, 1 ' }i hands high; weight 
1200 lbs Address 

BANNISTER & RHODES.Owners, Roanoke. Va. 
1905 BL00MIN60ALE STOCK FARM. 1905 

CHERRYWOOD, 

full brother to the famous M<> ello 
Brown hoise, by Eo'us. dam Cervix, by 
imp. Moccasin, 2nd dam Lizzie l.tiras. 
by imp Australian, 3id dam Eagles, by 
imp (ilencoe 

Fen $25, with usual return privilege. 

For particu ars address 
HARRY C BEATFIE, Richmond, Va. 

FOR SALE, 

Standard and Registered 

TROTTING MARE 

7 years < Id, 16 hand* high. Veryh nd- 
s- me, and bred in the purple. Bred in 
! 9 - 4 to a fine prize- * inning sire of the 
ticlest 1 reeding. Address 

W. J. CARTER 
1102 Hull et., Manchester, Va. 



856 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



[December, 



Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS. 




5 HAND POWER CUTTER. 

1 These machines sell at sight. They have heavy fly 
wheels and make three cuts to each turn of the 
crank. They will cut hay, straw or fodder, and will 
cut from V2 to 2 inches. They are shipped K. D., 
securing the lowest possible freight rates. 

CUMBERLAND VALLEY CORN SHELLERS, 

One and Two Hole. 
The frame is made of thoroughly dry hard wood. 
The joints mortised tenoned and bolted. The bear- 
ings are belted on the frame instead of screwed. 
The iron work is made from the very best material, 
every piece is carefully inspected before being put 
on. This machine Is high-grade all the way through. 
It is handsomely painted, striped and varnished. 



KUoo «... 

Fodder Cutters, Fod- 
der Shredders. Cutters 
for all purposes, Corn 
Shcllers, Grinding 

Mills, Horse Powers 
and Wood Saws. 



"SCIENTIFIC" rEED^MILLS, All Sizes 




I he SCIbNTlFii- Grinding Mills 

Are unequalled for grinding ear corn, shucks on or 
off, Corn, Oats. Wheat and all other grains, single or 
mixed. 





Wood Saws for long or short wood. Wood 
or Steel frame. 



Triple Geared, Double 
Action. Opens as easy 
as a watch. 



POWER MILLS In five sizes 
2 to 30 horse-power. 
Scientific Sweep Mills in five sizes. 
Geared — plain and combined, with 
horse-power attachment. 
Aspinwall Planter-, Potato Sor- 
ters and Cutters. 





Special prices given on Studebaker and 
P>-"wn Wagons, Buggies and Carts. 



I9.3.»t. 



TTGER DISC HARROW. 

Plain and Lever Spring Tooth Harrows. 

All Sizes. 



BEMENT DISC CULTIVATOR, with 6 or S 

DISC- 

Built entirely of steel, steel forgings and 

malleable iron. The most simple and easiest 

adjusted cultivator on the market to-day. 





CAHOON SEED SOWER. MICHIGAN 
WHEELBARROW SOWKK. - 



DON'T FORGET! All the merchants In 
town who claim to sell Oliver Chilled Plows 
and Repairs only sell the Imitation, Bogus, 
Cheap Goods. The only place in Richmond, 
Va., to buy Genuine Oliver Plows and Re- 
p.ilr= is at 14:!6 and 1438 E. Main street. 




Frick and Aultman and Taylor Engines. 
Saw Mills and Threshers. 




Kemp's Twentieth-Century Improved Ma- 
nure Spreaders. Made In Three Sizes. ~" — -— •" w.i «•* , i.jssbw 1 -'*' 

u. ,. , . . ..... * * - ,. .,..., KLI BALING PRESSES, f>8 styles and sizes, for orse 

Writ* lor special catalog and price on any Imp's. 0. 7 and 8 foot Rollers carried In stock. or steam power. Write for prices and Catalogues. 



HENING & NUCKOLS. 



Successors to 

CHAS. E. HUNTER, 



1436-38 E. Main «.. RICHMOND, VA 



A. C. SINTON, President. 



J. J. SUTTON, Secretary. 



THE WATT PLOW CO., «d. 

15th and Franklin Streets and 1404 East Hain Street, 
RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 

LABOR SAVING IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY 

VEHICLES and HARNESS. 







Chattanooga, South 

Bend and Syracuse 

Plows. 
Fish, Weber, Cham= 

pion and Hickory 

Wagons. 

A large stock of Buggies, 
Surreys and Vehicles 
of all descriptions al= 
ways on hand. 




HORSE POWER FEED MILL. 

THE BUFFALO PITTS ALL-STEEL, SPRING- 
FLEXIBLE, DISC HARROW. 







HALF PLATFORM SPRING WAGON. HOCKING VALLEY CORN SHELLER. HOCKING VALLEY CUTTER. 

WRITE I'OR OUR CATALO GUE.= 

We Solicit Inquiries About Any IMPLEMENT, VEHICLE or MACHINE. 

SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO ORDERS FOR MACHINE REPAIRS. 



THE WATT PLOW COMPANY, 



RICHMOND, 
VIRGINIA. 



9f 



™s Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company. 

ORGANIZED 1857. ASSETS, $178,000,000. PURELY MUTUAL. 

'T r En8 COMPANY has paid nearly one and a half millions[in Virginia, in death claims 
•*• alone, without contest or compromise of a single policy. It has policy holders in 
nearly every county whose i>araes will be furnished as references, together with full in- 
formation as to rates and plans, to any one contemplating life insurance, or desiring to 
represent 

-~*m >-THE BEST COMPANY FOR THE POLICYHOLDER. ~« »m~- 

T. ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina, 

■mr "*~" East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA. 



STRONG, HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES 



Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON- 
DITION POWDERS. II you wish fat and smooth Cattle and healthy 
Milch Cowb, give 




DIXIE CONDITIO®! POWDERS. 



For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS nee 
DZXXE NERVE AITO BONE LINIMENT- Best on earth for Man or 

Beast Large Bottle 25 cte. ; everywhere. 



OWENS * MINOR DRUQ CO 



„ Richmond, Va. ! * 



THISTLE 




BRAND 



LAIDLAW'S..... 

Concentrated Tobacco Powder, 
Sheep Dip and Cattle Wash. 



A SURE CURE FOR THE EXTERMINATION OF 



Scab and Tick in Sheep. Lice on Horses and Cattle. 

Lice on Hogs. Mange on Dogs. 



Kills all vermin. Allays all irritation. Promotes growth of wool. Makes animal feel well and take on flesh. 

ABSOLUTELY NON-POISONOUS. 

PRICES: 5-lb.bag, 75c; 10-lb. bag, $1.25; 25-Ib. bag, $2.60; 50-!b. bag, $5.00. 

i 
On<* CO-lb. bag makes 500 gallons Dip for Scab, and 1000 gallons for Tick, etc. 

SOLE MANUFACTURERS, 

LAIDLAW, MACKILL & CO., Limited, Richmond, Va., U. S. A. 

To be Had at all Leading Drug Stores. 



* '' : 



The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA 



JOHN S. ELLETT, President. WM. M. HILL, Cashier. 

CAPITAL. $500,000. SURPLUS $240,000. 
RICHMOND. --- VIRGINIA 




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