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The Southern Planter. 



DEVOTED TO 



PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE, 
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE. 



Agriculture is the cursing mother of th© Arts.==XENOPHON. 
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. ==SULLY. 



65th Year. 



Richmond, January, 1904. 



No. 1 



Agricultural Teachers and Writers of the Present Day- 



Eor a number of years past we have made it a 
D'-n.ctice to issue a special holiday number of The 

uthern Planter on the 1st of January each year, 
making a feature of some special matter in addition 
to the regular departments run each month in the 
journal. In this way we have in the past commemo- 
rated the sixtieth anniversary of the issue of The 
Southern Planter by a comparison of the condi- 
tion of Southern agriculture when The Planter was 
first issued, in 1840, and the condition of the farms 
and farmers sixty years afterwards. In another 
special issue we published a most valuable history of 
agricultural progress in the South for one hundred 
years. In our special issue of last year we dealt with 
the progress of live stock husbandry in the South, 
illustrating the same with some of the finest pictures 
of live stock ever published in the South. Turning 
over in our minds what should be the special feature 
this year, we came to the conclusion that it would be 
of great interest to our readers to know something of 
the leading agricultural teachers and writers of the 
present day, whose thoughts and experiments we have 
so frequently to quote in support of the work we are 
doing in endeavoring to uplift agriculture in the 
South. In connection with these sketches, we de- 
cided that it would add to the interest by presenting 
pictures of these gentlemen, so that our readers might 
see for themselves the manner of men who are de- 
voting themselves to the elucidation of the proluems 
confronting farmers, and seeking to make agricul- 



ture and live stock husbandry more of certain sciences 
than they have been in the past. Whilst the pictures 
and sketches which we offer comprise only a small 
number- of those who are prominent in this good 
work, they will, we think, present those who are best 
known amongst Southern agricultural educators, and 
some of those who are especially identified with spe- 
cial lines of work in other parts of the country, and 
whose work will have permanent influence upon the 
advancement of agriculture and live stock breeding 
throughout the whole country. When we decided 
upon this special feature for this issue we could not 
fail to remember that the South produced the first 
man (Edmund Puffin) who, in this country, en- 
deavored to apply science to the advancement of agri- 
culture, and we felt that it would ill become us not 
to give a likeness of this gentleman, and a short sketch 
of his work in connection with that of the modern 
teachers and writers, whose features and work we de- 
sire to place in permanent record before our readers. 
To enable us to do this, we applied to the Hon. Julian 
Ruffin, of Hanover county, Va., the grandson of Ed- 
mund Ruffin, a worthy scion of his ancester and a 
most successful farmer, for a likeness of Mr. Ruffin 
and for such information as he could give us on the 
subject. He at once sent us a small, old photograph 
of Mr. Ruffin, from which we have produced our like- 
ness of the man, and a short sketch of his life work 
compiled by W. P. Cutter, the Librarian of the De- 
i partment of Agriculture, which we reproduce : 



< 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



EDMUND RUFFIN. 
A PIONEER IN AGRICULTURAL, SCIENCE. 

Agriculture in Colonial Virginia. 

The existence of the colony of Virginia was depen- 
dent to a great extent on the cultivation of a single 
agricultural product, tobacco, which was not only the 

staple crop of the 
| colony for nearly two 
centuries, but served 
as a medium of ex- 
change and as the 
basis for governmen- 
tal support by taxa- 
tion. Soon after the 
founding of the Vir- 
ginia settlements, a 




which followed, the demand for cereals became so 
great, the price rising in proportion, that every 
planter abandoned his tobacco fields to the cultivation 
of food stuffs ; but the soil, although fertile in the be- 
ginning, had so long been subjected to the exhausting 
demands of the tobacco crop that the yield of wheat 
was small. 

In the early history of the colony, land was plen- 
tiful. When a field ceased to yield profitably, it 
was an easy matter to use the laboring force during 
the comparatively idle winter season in clearing new 
land for cultivation. A time came, however, when 
the land covered by the original forest was scarce, 
and the fertility once present had been reduced by ex- 
haustive cropping. The great profits of the past had 
disappeared as a result of careless management. The 
demand for cereals decreased with the universal 
peace which succeeded the fall of Napoleon, and the 



ized the tobacco 
trade, and every 
available piece of 
ground in the village 
of Jamestown was at 
once planted in to- 
bacco. The enor- 
mous profits made by 
the planters attracted large numbers of settlers ; new 
lands were cleared, and growing tobacco soon covered 
them. 

The agriculture of colonial Virginia was extremely 
crude in character. The staple food crops were culti- 
vated only to the extent necessary to provide food 
for the laborers employed in tobacco cultivation, 
which was the main end to which everything else was 
subordinated. Although the colony became very 
prosperous as a result of the enormous demand for 
tobacco and the comparatively slight cost of raising 
the crop, much of the depression which followed the 
war of the Revolution may be ascribed to the contin- 
uous growth of this one crop for such a long period 
of time. The operations of the farm were so similar 
in character from year to year that little attention was 
paid to the details of farm management by the plant- 
ers themselves, who spent the major part of their time 
in the exercise of the rites of hospitality, even now so 
proverbial a characteristic of Virginians. The agri- 
cultural interests of the State suffered from this leth- 
argy of the most intelligent of her citizens, being left 
in care of plantation overseers, who were often not 
much less ignorant than the slaves whose labors they 
superintended. 

With the war of the Revolution came the interrup- 
tions to commerce incident to the struggle. The pro- 
fits of tobacco culture being suddenly decreased, more 
attention was paid to the raising of other crops. WitI 
the outbreak of the French Revolution and the w 



1 decree of the English 
King, James I., legal- 1 planters of Virginia found themselves confronted 



by very depressing conditions : a period of compara- 
tive stagnation ensued. Some of the farmers had 
made attempts to introduce cotton cultivation with- 
out great success. Tobacco raising was confined to a 
large extent to the upland counties, where the land 
was less exhausted and where special methods of cur- 
ing still made the crop a profitable one; but in the 
eastern and middle section there seemed to be no pos- 
sible method of regaining the former prosperity. 
Many of the old Virginia families, attracted by the 
marvellous tales of the fertility of the newly settled 
prairies of the West, deserted their ancestral homes 
and sought new fields for their efforts. The price of 
land decreased, and taxes increased in consequence. 

CHARACTERISTIC CONDITIONS AND INFLUENCES. 

The general process of development in the United 
States was modified in the South by special influ- 
ences. The institution of slavery had formed a dis- 
tinct social system, the dominant class becoming a 
proud aristocracy. There was ample leisure for self- 
improvement, and the standard of culture was high. 
The standard works were widely read, and news- 
papers were abundant; a few magazines of great in- 
tellectual excellence but meager circulation were is- 
sued. Scant encouragement was given to those who 
chose the literary profession; men who were in the 
front rank of American novelists complained of neg- 
lect and lack of financial support. Yet, among the 
upper classes, education was not backward. There 
were no common schools, but excellent academies and 
colleges supplied their place. Little attention was 
paid to the sciences in the curriculum of these insti- 
tutions, and technical, education was absolutely unde- 
veloped. The whole scheme of training was devised 
to make orators, who were to move the masses by the 
charm of the spoken word. The choice of a vocation 
fined almost exclusively to the pulpit, the bar r 
pram, and on account of the great interest 




1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



in politics the majority of the educated men preferred 
to expend their energies in political controversies. 

The same conditions produced an equally noticea- 
ble effect on the material life of the community. 
There was little in the way of manufacture or trade 
with other sections. The methods of transportation 
were extremely primitive, and the conservatism of 
the people created a serious opposition to the build- 
ing of railways. Each planter had his own carriages, 
wagons and carts, and a long trip to market was only 
a pleasant diversion, time being of slight value. As 
each plantation was an economic unit, very little was 
necessary in the way of trade. The commercial trans- 
actions were largely conducted by barter, and there 
was little necessity for ready money. Agriculture 
was the main pursuit, and its main staples — tobacco, 
cotton and rice — were confined to this section. Al- 
though so much of the life of the community was de- 
voted to agricultural pursuits, the operations of the 
farm were rarely conducted on business principles. 
or with any attention to the teachings of science. The 
planters could afford to take life easily. Their chief 
duties were to make long visits to relatives and 
friends, to ride, fish and hunt, and, above all, to dis- 
cuss the affairs of state. 

EDMUND RUFFIN. 

It was ujider such conditions as these that Edmund 
Ruffin lived. He recognized the difficulties inherent 
in his times, and was not discouraged by the conserv- 
atism against which he labored, being a man of inde- 
pendence and great firmness of purpose. 

Edmund Ruffin was born January 5, 1794, on his 
father's plantation in Prince George county, Va. His 
father was a gentleman of fortune, a typical planter 
of the olden time. Erom his earliest youth Edmund 
was an intelligent reader of the literature of the day, 
although his reading was rather for amusement than 
for instruction. As was the custom, his father decid- 
ed to give him the education due him as the son of a 
wealthy Virginia gentleman, and with this end in 
view sent him at the age of 16 to William and Mary 
College. 

At this time the war of 1819 broke out, and he en- 
listed in a volunteer company, serving from August, 
1812, to February, 1813. He left the army proba- 
bly on account of his father's death, which must have 
taken place at about this time, for in the year 1813 
we find him placed in the possession of an extensive 
estate at Coggins Point, in Prince George county, and 
he states that, although not of legal age, the "easy in- 
dulgence of his guardian" gave him the control of this 
property. 

We must sympathize with Mr. Ruffin in the dif- 
ficulties under which he labored in his early efforts 
to make a success of agricultural operations on his 
estate. He had gained no practical knowledge of the 
field work of agriculture in his youth, and he had 



therefore to learn the most rudimentary principles. 
Yet the farm operations were so simple in his day 
that he soon mastered their details. In his reading 
he chose rather the agricultural writings of the time. 
These were mostly planned to satisfy other condi- 
tions, such as existed on the great estates of England, 
and much of their teaching was inapplicable to the 
conditions existing in Virginia. But the perusal of 
these works gave him an insight into the scientific 
methods used in other countries, which offered a 
sharp contrast to the slipshod methods in vogue in his 
own State. He saw that the latter were "wretched 
in execution and erroneous in system." 

EFFORTS TO INCREASE THE FERTILITY OF THE SOIE. 

In the same year in which he began his control of 
the estate there appeared the first book devoted to the 
discussion of Virginia agriculture. This work, writ- 
ten by Col. John Taylor, a prominent planter of Car- 
oline county, was printed in Georgetown, D. C, in 
1813, under the title, "Arator: being a series of Ag- 
ricultural Essays, Practical and Political * * * 
by a Citizen of Virginia." It had previously been 
published as a series of articles in the "Spirit of Sev- 
enty-six," in 1809 or 1810. The work at once at- 
tianed great popularity, and was issued in at least six 
editions. Colonel Taylor's views may be summarized 
briefly as follows: The secret of success in agricul- 
ture lies in the free use of putrescent vegetable mat- 
ter as a manure. In the ordinary process of hand- 
ling such materials as are used for this purpose, 
much of the valuable fertilizing material is lost, being 
of a gaseous nature and passing off into the atmos- 
phere during the process of putrefaction. The man- 
ures should be, therefore, incorporated with the soil 
before the processes of decay are started, so that this 
valuable matter may be saved. Too much land is 
used for grazing. This land should be used rather 
for the cultivation of crops, and the crops fed to the 
cattle at once (the modern soiling system). The 
manure made by the cattle should be at once plowed 
under, together with the waste from the fodder. 
Clovers should be largely grown and plowed under 
to add fertility to the soil. Gypsum will increase the 
clover yield. Deep plowing should be the rule. 

It was natural that Mr. Ruffin should at once be- 
come an admirer of Taylor's system of husbandry. 
He recognized the fact that the exhaustion of the fer- 
tility of the soil was the great difficulty with which he 
had to contend, and welcomed any system calculated 
to improve it in this respect : but he at once met with 
difficulties in the attempt to apply the principles to 
his own practice. His land was not suited to clover, 
and he found it impossible to get a crop. The soil 
was shallow, and the ridge system advocated by Tay- 
lor subjected the sidehills to injurious loss from 
washing. Nor did the land respond to the use of veg- 
etable manures to the extent expected. After six 



416231 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



years spent in the attempt to apply these principles, 
meeting with nothing but failure, he was compelled 
to confess that "no part of my poor land was more 
productive than when my labors commenced, and on 
much of it a tenfold increase had been made of the 
previously large space of galled and gullied hillside." 
At this time Mr. Ruffin had an opportunity of ex- 
amining a copy of Sir Humphrey Davy's Lectures 
on Agricultural Chemistry, and naturally sought for 
a reason for the lack of effect of "putresent ma- 
nures" in his particular region. He found the fol- 
lowing passages : 

If on washing a sterile soil it is found to contain 
the salts of iron or any acid matter, it may be ame- 
liorated by the application of quicklime. 

A soil of good apparent texture from Lincolnshire 
was put into my lands by Sir Joseph Banks as re- 
markable for sterility. On examining it I found that 
it contained sulphate of iron, and I offered the ob- 
vious remedy of top-dressing with lime, which con- 
verts the sulphate into a manure. [Ed. 2, London, 
1814, p. 203.] 

Mr. Ruffin at once saw a parallel between the soil 
mentioned by Davy and that of his own farm. He 
tested the soil for the salts of iron, but could not de- 
tect a trace of the copperas which he expected to find. 
In studying over the matter he was attracted by the 
expression in the first sentence, "if it is found to con- 
tain the salts of iron or any acid matter." While he 
recognized the intention of Davy to refer to the min- 
eral acids only, which he knew by direct testing to be 
absent from the soil of his farm, he conceived the 
idea that the sterility might be due to the presence 
of organic acids in the soil, which acted as a "poison" 
to the crops. This view was partially confirmed by 
the character of the vegetation on the worn-out land 
in question, which consisted largely of sheep sorrel 
and similar plants known to contain free vegetable 
acid. He noticed also that those portions of his land 
did not respond to a test for lime. His more fertile 
soils, however, were "shelly" in character, and there 
was no trace of the acid plants growing on them. He 
could not, however, obtain any evidence of a direct 
nature that the vegetable acids were present in the 
sterile soils, nor in his extensive reading could he 
find a single mention of the occurrence of these sub- 
stances in any soil. The existence of the vegetable 
or humus acids was not proved until a much later 
date. 

From these meager indications Mr. Ruffin drew his 
theory of the action of lime on the soil, and at once 
proceeded to put his ideas into practice. He found 
on his own farm extensive bed3 of shell marl and de- 
cided to use this material, which was cheap and eas- 
ily aceesible in unlimited quantities. The existence 
of these beds had been well recognized, and a large 
amount had been burnt into lime for structural pur- 
poses. 



Lime in the form of quicklime, limestone, marl, 
etc., had been used on the continent of Europe for 
many centuries. There are several instances of ear- 
lier use of marl in America, and in the State of Penn- 
sylvania the use of quicklime had become almost uni- 
versal. In none of these instances, however, had 
lime or marl been used with a definite object in view, 
with any other purpose than the general improvement 
of the land ; nor had any experiments been made ex- 
cept in the application of the lime and a guess or in- 
accurate statement of the increase in yield. 

EXPERIMENTS IN. THE USE OF MAKE. 

Mr. Ruffin began his experiments with marl in 
February, 1818, excavating a large amount of the 
mineral and applying it to a portion of a tract of land 
which had just been cleared of forest growth. The 
application was made at the rate of 150 to 200 bush- 
els to the acre. From the land thus treated he ob- 
tained an increase of 40 per cent, over the crop on- 
similar land untreated. Encouraged by this result, 
he planned more extensive experiments for future 
years. Without entering into the details of these 
trials, the result may be stated as overwhelmingly in 
favor of the use of marl;- in some instances the Qrop 
from the marled fields was more than twice as great 
as from the same fields before marling. 

It is not to be understood that Mr. Ruffin advo- 
cated the use of marl alone with the expectation of 
thus building up the fertility of the soil. His object 
was rather to bring the soil into such condition as 
would make it respond to an application of organic 
manures which had been previously found to be of 
little value when used on the land in its ordinary con- 
dition. He retained as much of the teachings of Tay- 
lor as placed great stress on the value of vegetable 
manures, and used every effort to add as much or- 
ganic matter as possible to the soil on his farm. 

The experiments were continued for a long series 
of years, accurate records being kept of the history 
of each plat of ground, frequent comparisons being 
made between the measured yields of marled and un- 
marled fields. Marl was tried with and without ma- 
nure, and manure was tried with and without marl. 
The greater the number of experiments and the more 
numerous the results obtained the greater proof was 
given that the use of marl was of great advantage. 
The careful manner in which the experiments were 
carried on shows him to rank as one of the most in- 
telligent experimenters of his time. The investiga- 
tions were not confined to mere field trials. The soil 
of his plantation was analyzed, the marls used were 
analyzed, and the results were carefully studied. He 
searched the literature of every age for mention of 
the occurrence of marl and the history of its applica- 
tion to the purposes of agriculture. He was familiar 
with foreign publications on the subject, not only 
reading thoroughly, but studying, comparing, and 
making extracts as he found matter worthy of future 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



reexamination. He collected information as to the 
character and extent of deposits of calcareous sub- 
stances in his native State, and devoted much time to 
a study of the best and most economical methods for 
its exploitation. He figured carefully the cost of ap- 
plying the marl, and estimated the financial returns 
from its use. Every line of inquiry "which could pos- 
sibly add to his general stock of information was 
carefully followed to the very end. 

HOW MAUL INCREASES FERTILITY OF SOIL. 

His reasons for the use of marl, gained from his ex- 
perience and study, were two in number. He be- 
lieved tbat the addition of marl corrected the natural 
acidity of the soil, and that it assisted in the preser- 
vation of organic manures from loss of the gaseous 
products of decomposition while hastening the de- 
composition itself. He foreshadowed to a great de- 
gree the discoveries of later years with reference to 
the action of soil bacteria ; for, as is now well known 
certain of the nitrifying organisms in the soil are 
capable of action only in neutral or alkaline soils, and 
thrive best in the presence of a small amount of al- 
kali. The sterility of many of the soils in eastern 
Virginia was probably due to conditions present 
which are unfavorable to the growth of the nitrify- 
ing organisms, owing to the presence of organic acids 
in the soil. The richest soils in the world contain 
large quantities of organic matter, and probably 
some proportion of the humic (organic) acids; but 
thev also contain sufficient lime to unite with these 
acids, and thus neutralize them to a large extent. 

The marls first used bv Mr. Ruffin were valuable 
only from their content of lime, no phosphoric acid 
or potash being present; but later, and especially 
after his removal to his estate at Marlbourne, in Han- 
over county, he used greensand. called by him "gyp- 
seous earth," which contained certain amounts of 
potash, and probably also contained phosphoric acid. 
He does not seem to have recognized the value of these 
ingredients, basing his opinion of the value of these 
marls on the carbonate of lime contained. We can- 
hardly overlook this mistake, although it was excus- 
able at a time when the knowledge of agricultural 
chemistry was extremely limited. 

The first published article from Mr. Ruffin's pen 
was lf An essay on calcareous manures," in the Amer- 
ican Earmer, Vol. TIT. p. 313 (the number for De- 
cember 28, 1821 ). This essay had been prepared and 
read before a meeting of the Prince George Agricul- 
tural Society, of which Ruffin was a member. The 
essay was afterwards published in book form, reach- 
ing its fifth edition in 1852. Erom a short article 
of 7 pages it expanded to a book of 493 pages. It is 
probably the most thorough piece of work on a spe- 
cial agricultural subject ever published in English. 
The treatment of the subject is historical, scientific 



and practical, exhausting every source of information 
available. Erom the first publication, this essay at- 
tracted great attention, and is even now the best au- 
thority on certain phases of the subject. As a result 
of this and other publications by the same author, a 
large proportion of the farm owners in the tide-water 
district of Virginia were led to use marl, and, what 
is more important, were aroused by his example to 
a sense of the importance of personal attention to the 
needs of their estates and to details of management. 
At the time of the publication of the fifth edition of 
the essay, the effect of his teachings was so plainly 
evident that attention was called to the matter by the 
governor of the State in his annual message to the 
legislature in the following words : 

The increased value of the lands lying in the tide- 
water district, as exhibited by the returns of the re- 
cent assessment, vindicates the science (of agricul- 
ture^, and appeals strongly to you for aid and en- 
couragement in its behalf. In 1819 the lands in this 
district were valued in the aggregate at the sum of 
$71,496,997, and in 1838 at $60,704,053.20, exhibit- 
ing a decrease in value during the nineteen years that 
intervened to the enormous amount of $10,792,- 
943.80. And yet these same lands were recently as- 
sessed at the sum of $77,964,574.52, showing an in- 
crease in their value during the last twelve years of 
$17,260,521.32. 

This remarkable and gratifying change in the 
value of these lands cannot be attributed to any ex- 
tent to benefits resulting from the works of internal 
Improvement; for thus far these improvements have 
been chiefly confined to other sections of the State. 
And in vain do we look for a solution of this problem, 
n.nless we remember that for several years past the 
enterprising citizens of this section of the State 
have been devoting themselves to the subject of 
agricultural improvement: and by the proper appli- 
cation of compost, marl, and other manures, and the 
use of other means which a knowledge of this branch 
of education has placed at their command, they have 
redeemed, and made productive and valuable, lands 
heretofore worn out by an improper mode of cultiva- 
tion, and consequently abandoned by the farmer as 
worthless and unfit for agricultural purposes. 

FARMERS'' REGISTER. 

Early in the year 1833 Mr. Ruffin issued, as editor 
and proprietor, the first number of the Earmers' Reg- 
ister, a monthly agricultural magazine of 64 pages 
of reading matter. In the editorial column of the 
first number, after calling attention to the low state 
of agriculture in Virginia, and discussing the rea- 
sons for the same, he announces that the journal is 
started to serve as a medium of exchange between the 
farmers of the State, and that this shall be the chief 
feature. The Earmers' Register was published for 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



ten years, the second volume being printed on the 
estate of Mr. Ruffin at Shellbanks; the subscription 
price was $5. The influence of this journal on the 
agriculture of the State was very great, the tone was 
high, and the articles were carefully written, or se- 
lected from the better class of agricultural publica- 
tions. Nearly half of the reading matter came from 
Mr. Rnffin's pen, and the subjects on which he ex- 
pressed himself were extremely diverse in character. 

Although much of the matter published in the 
Farmers' Register had a direct bearing on the marl 
question, nearly every issue containing something on 
the editor's favorite hobby, yet it was not by any 
means the only subject discussed. Every conceiva- 
ble question in which the farmers of the State might 
be interested, or which could affect their welfare in 
the least, was carefully treated. Much attention was 
given to the development of roads and railways in 
the State. Much was written on the slavery ques- 
tion. Agricultural education was discussed at length. 
But the operations of a practical character, the field 
work of the farmer, received the greatest attention. 

The difficulties attending the piiblication of such 
a paper at this period were at best discouraging. Mr. 
Ruffin complains with reason of the delay in the de- 
livery of his paper, which in one instance required 
fourteen days to reach a subscriber at a distance of 
180 miles. The first volume was printed on poor 
paper, although it is now in far better condition than 
can be hoped for a copy of the ordinary agricultural 
paper of to-day at the end of a similar period. He 
attempted, as has already been stated, to print the 
paper on his estate in Hanover county, but probably 
found the task too great, as the third and subsequent 
volumes were printed at Petersburg. 

As appendixes to the Farmers' Register were 
printed the seventh edition of Arator, in 1340, the 
Westover Manuscripts, in 1841-42, and the third edi- 
tion of the Essay on Calcareous Manures, in 1842. 
This was done to insure the wide distribution of these 
works, and incidentally to save cost of transmission. 

FT/BUG SERVICES OF MR. RUFFIN. 

At th<"> meeting of the legislature of the State in 
1811, n State board of agriculture was organized and 
Mr. Ruffin was elected a member: in December of 
that year he was elected secretary and held that posi- 
tion for a year. In 1842, the State of South Caro- 
lina having made an appropriation for an agricultu- 
ral surveyor, Mr. Ruffin accepted the position and 
published, in the following year, his first report, 
being mostly a statement of the occurrence of beds of 
marl in the State and a plea for the drainage and 
reclamation of the swamp lands. On his return to 
Virginia he was instrumental in founding the Vir- 
ginia State Agricultural Society and was elected the 
first president. He advocated, with others, the estab- 
lishment of a State commissioner of agriculture, with 



a good salary, and the right to employ certain scien- 
tific assistants, but the plan did not meet with the 
approval of the legislature. At various periods dur- 
ing his life he was connected with local agricultural 
societies, and by his earnestness and enthusiasm 
aroused much interest in co-operative work. 

Mr. Ruffin was an enthusiastic advocate of higher 
education, suggesting the establishment of an agricul- 
tural college supported by the State. In the main, 
the details of his plan were such as are in operation in 
the agricultural colleges of the present, except that 
the students might pay all their expenses by work in 
the experimental fields connected with the college. 
The experience of past years has shown this to be 
impossible. An essay on the subject of agricultural 
education, published at Richmond in 1853, won a 
prize offered by the State Agricultural Society. 

As was usual with the prominent men of Virginia, 
Mr. Ruffin took great interest in the political af- 
fairs of his native State. In 1824 he was elected to 
the Senate of Virginia, and served three years. In 
1841 he published Observations on the Abuses of the 
Banking System, and in the following year at least 
six numbers of a periodical publication under the 
name Bank Reformer. These works were called 
forth by the financial agitation of the time. 

In 1855 a collection of the more important agri- 
cultural writings of Mr. Ruffin, previously published 
in various periodicals, were gathered together in Es- 
says and Notes on Agriculture. This included an 
essay on drainage, a prize essay on the Southern cow- 
pea, a discussion of remedies for malaria, and arti- 
cles on the culture and uses of clover, method of har- 
vesting wheat, the moth weevil, prairies, deserts, 
peat bogs, usefulness of snakes. This list illustrates 
the versatility of the man, but can give no idea of the 
real value of each article or the concise and easy style 
of the author. 

The good resulting from the agricultural teach- 
ings of this man would to-day be more evident had 
not the war left the State of Virginia in a very de- 
pressed condition. The use of marl, once so common, 
has been displaced to a large extent by commercial 
fertilizers. The cheap slave labor made it possible 
to obtain marl at slight cost; it does not now pay to 
carry it to any distance. Most of the men whose ener- 
gies were spurred to new effort by his ready pen have 
passed away : but among the intelligent farmers of 
the State he is still remembered, and his teachings 
are often followed by those who have never heard his 
name nor read Avhat be has written. 

Edmund Ruffin conducted his experiments with 
such attention to details and with such a truly scien- 
tific method of preparation and planning that we 
may look on his work as some of the best done in the 
country. He certainly was ahead of the investigators 
of the day. He proved by experimentation not only 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



that the practice of the farmer is often ahead of the 
proof of the theorist, but that the work of the the- 
orist is often of great practical benefit to the farmer. 



HON. JAMES WILSON. 

In the forefront of those who in recent years have 
done and are doing so much to help the farmers of 
the country we place the Hon. James Wilson, the 
present Secretary of Agriculture. We give him this 
prominence not so much because of his position as 
the political head of the Department of Agriculture, 
but because of his work as a scientific and practical 
farmer and the great ability he has displayed in en- 
larging the scope of the work of his department, and 
the making of it the most successful and useful Agri- 
cultural Department possessed by any nation in the 
world. He found it a political department, he has 
made it a truly agricultural one, and there is not a 
farmer in the country, be he Republican or Demo- 
crat, who has not benefitted enormously by Mr. Wil- 
son's conception of what a National Department of 
Agriculture should be, and his efforts to realize this. 
As an evidence of what the department is now doing 
to bring the results of the work of its experts before 
the farmers Mr. Wilson states in his report for pre- 
sentation to Congress at the present session that the 
total number of copies of all publications issued by 
the department during the past year aggregated not 
far from 12,000,000, and that of this total nearly 
7,000,000 were "Farmers Bulletins" which is prac- 
tically one copy for every farmer in the country. 

Mr. Wilson was 
born in Ayrshire, 
Scotland, 16th Au- 
gust 1835, of Scotch 
parents. At the age 
of seventeen years, 
he came to this coun- 
try with his parents, 
living three years in 
Connecticut. With 
his family he then 
moved to Tama coun- 
ty, Iowa, his pres- 
ent home, where, in 
1861, he engaged in 
farming on his own 
account, aind where 
he still owns and 
runs a most success- 
ful farm. Mr. Wil- 
son has been a close student of scientific methods of 
agriculture, and his management of a farm of 1,200 
acres showed marked marked capacity for his pres- 




ent duties as Secretary of Agriculture. After serv- 
ing in the Iowa Legislature for three years, Mr. Wil- 
son was elected to Congress in 1872, and served three 
terms — being a member of the Agricultural Commit 
tee and largely instrumental in having the Depart- 
ment of Agriculture made an executive department. 
After leaving Congress, Mr. Wilson devoted himself 
to the management of his farm until 1893, when he 
was elected Professor of Agriculture in the Iowa 
State Agricultural College, and Director of the Ex- 
periment Station there. He was filling this position 
when selected and appointed Secretary of Agricul- 
ture. Mr. Wilson is one of those who have faith in 
farming as a business, and he proves his faith by his 
work and by the fact that he has trained and made 
his sons into farmers, in which calling they are mak- 
ing the like success their father made. 

Foremost amongst the instrumentalities which 
have been provided by the nation and the States for 
the teaching and adapting science to the advance- 
ment of agriculture are the Agricultural and Mechan- 
ical Colleges and Experiment Stations. Previous to 
the foundation of these colleges under the direction 
and with the aid of grants of land made by Congress, 
there were no institutions of learning whose primary 
duty it was to teach science and its application to the 
everyday work of the farmer and the mechanic. The 
lawyers, the parsons and the doctors had full pro- 
vision made for their education, but farmers and me- 
chanics had no places of higher instruction than the 
common schools of the country. The organization of 
the work of these new colleges called for men of a spe- 
cial type of character and of a class difficult to be ob- 
tained, since there had been no place heretofore for 
the training of such men. As a consequence of this 
many mistakes were made at the outset and the new 
colleges in too many cases resolved themselves into 
merely literary institutions and altogether failed of 
the object for which they were intended. This was 
the case with the Virginia College at Blacksburg 
amongst others. Not until it came under the direc- 
tion and management of Dr. J. M. McBryde, the 
present President, did it begin to fulfill the purpose 
for which it was created, and even yet it only par- 
tiallv does this from lack of suitable buildings and 
apparatus for the teaching and solution of agricul- 
tural problems, which it is the duty of the State to 
supply. Its mechanical department is, however, fully 
equipped and has for several years done most excel- 
lent work and turned out a large number of grad- 
uates, many of whom are filling the highest positions 
in the engineering and mechanical establishments of 
this and other countries. Tinder Dr. McBrvde's man- 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



agement and close supervision, the college has grown 
in popularity every year, and where there were only 
75 students when he took charge there are now near- 
ly 750 in attendance. If now the State will only pro- 
vide the necessary huil dings and apparatus for as 
vide the necessary buildings and apparatus for as 
fully equipping the agricultural and horticultural 
side of the college as it has done for the mechanical 
side, we do not doubt but that ere long the_college 
will have as many agricultural students as mechan- 
ical ones. There has been for several years a con- 
stant increase in the number of students taking the 
agricultural and horticultural courses. The Agri- 
cultural Experiment Station is located at the college, 
and of this Dr. McBryde is the director. The loca- 
tion of this station is unfortunate so far as its utility 
to the great bulk of the farmers of the State is con- 
cerned. Situate on the top or near the highest level 
of the Blue Ridge mountains, it is prcatically pre- 
cluded from doing any work outside that of experi- 
ments with live stock and some orchard and small 
fruit work. Under Dr. McBryde's supervision a fine 
barn for conducting experiments with cattle has re- 
cently been erected and a herd of stock purchased, 
and we look to see some good work done. Climatic 
and soil conditions will always preclude any work 
being done there which would result in helping the 
tobacco growers and truckers of the State. 
DR. J. M. McBRYDE. 

President of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, State 
Agricultural and Mechanical College, and Di- 
rector of the Va. Experiment Station. 

John McLaren McBryde was born in Abbeville, 
S. C, of Scotch parentage, in the "forties" and was 
educated at the South Carolina College and the Uni- 
versity of Virginia. He served in the Confederate 
States army and at the close of the war went to farm- 
ing for several years in order to recuperate his health, 
which had been undermined by coast fever. During 
this time he made a special study of botany and agri- 
cultural chemistry. Tn 1870 he accepted the Pro- 
fessorship of Agriculture in the University of Ten- 
nessee and whilst holding this office organized agri- 
cultural experiment work, which attracted attention 
at home and abroad. Tn June, 1882, he resigned his 
Professorship at Enoxville to accept the Professor- 
ship of Agriculture in his old Alma Mater, the South 
Carolina College, notwithstanding many tempting 
offers made him to stay at Knoxvilje. In September, 
1882, he was made chairman of the Faculty of his 
old college and in the spring of 1883 was elected 
President of the college. In 1886 he was offered by 
the State Board of Agriculture the directorship of 
the two Experiment Stations established by the State 




and accepted at the request of the Board of Trustees 
of the college. In 1887 he was elected President of 
the University of Tennessee at a salary of $5,000, 
with a free hand to reorganize the University. After 
consideration he declined the offer. In 1888 he was 

made President of 
the reorganized Uni- 
versity of South Car- 
olina and director of 
all the Experiment 
Stations, State and 
National, in the 
State. In May, 1891, 
he was offered and 
accepted the Presi- 
lency of the Vir- 
ginia Agricultural 
md Mechanical Col- 
lege at Blacksburg, 
land director of the 
State Experiment 
[Station. He took up 
the work there in 
[July and submitted 
a scheme of complete 
reorganization which was approved by the board. The 
policy he formulated was based on the building up 
of a good and strictly technical school and this pol- 
icy has been strictly adhered to. At the time when 
he took charge the total number of students in at- 
tendance the first session was 116, but there were 
never more than 
time 

now over 700 and will reach 725 this session, thus 
fully demonstrating the success of the plans he laid 
down and his popularity as President of the college. 
The attendance would be still larger if there was ac- 
commodation for more students, and the State is ur- 
gently being pressed to provide this and thus meet 
the demands of the people for a strictly technical 
training of the youth of the State. Under the terms 
of the new constitution of the State of Virginia the 
President of the college is made a member of the 
State Board of Agriculture, and Dr. McBryde is now 
working with the Board to make it more responsive to 
the requirements of the State, and of more service to 
the farmers than it has been in the past. Dr. 
McBryde is a Ph. D. and LL. D., and member of 
many learned and scientific societies, and his name 
has been prominently mentioned for the Presidency 
of the University of Virginia. His reports on ex- 
periment work conducted by him in Tennessee and 
South Carolina are regarded as excellent work and 
especially the report on cotton culture experiments, 
which is probably the most complete and reliable of 
anything done in this line, and is looked upon as the 
authority on this subject. 



75 in actual attendance at any given 
The enrollment of students at the college is 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



9 



W. A. HENRY. 

Amongst intelligent breeders and feeders of live 
stock of all kinds throughout this country, and it may 
almost with truth be said throughout the world, there 
is no man whose name and work is better known than 
that of W. A. Henry, of the University of Wiscon- 
sin. His work on "Feeds and feeding" is the author- 
ity on this subject in every agricultural college and 
experiment station, whilst his constant contributions 
to the leading agricultural journals, and especially 
to those making live stock a specialty, are helping 
farmers, breeders and feeders every day in the year 
and placing them under constant obligations to him. 
Prof. W. A. Henry was born in Ohio in 1850. His 
early life was spent on a pioneer farm in the north- 
western part of the 
State. Through mon- 
ey earned by teach- 
ing school he studied 
at the Ohio Wesley- 
an University, after 
which he taught in 
high schools in Indi- 
ana and Colorado. 
He was graduated 
from Cornell Uni- 
versity in 18S0 in 
the agricultural 
course, having re- 
ceived training under 
such noted teachers 
as Roberts, Caldwell, 
Prentice, Comstock, 
and others. Por a 
-time he was with 
Prof. Riley, of the United States Entomological 
Commission, Washington, and in the fall of 1880 
he became professor of botany and agriculture in the 
University of Wisconsin. Seeing great possibilities 
in the agricultural field, Prof. Henry soon relin- 
quished botany for the broader field of agriculture. 
In 1887 he was elected director of the Experiment 
Station, and in 1891 was made Dean of the College 
of Agriculture, which title he now holds. 

Professor Henry has more than a dozen professors 
and instructors associated with him in his work, in- 
cluding Professors Babcock, Pussell, Farrington, 
Woll, Whitson, Sandsten, Humphrey, etc. 

Under Henry's direction the Wisconsin College of 
Agriculture was the first to inaugurate a short course 
in agriculture, which became popular as soon as it 
was well known by the farmers. The enrollment for 
the present term, beginning November 30th, is over 
tbree hundred. The calls for students from this de- 
partment by farmers, gardeners and others are be- 




yond the ability of the school to supply. Professor 
Henry also inaugurated the first dairy school in 
America, and it was from the Experiment Station 
under his charge that the Babcock Milk Test and 
the Wisconsin Curd Test were given to the dairy 
world There are one hundred and forty-two stu- 
dents all the time in attendance on this course at the 
present time. Fifty-seven students are enrolled in 
the long course in agriculture, and the total attend- 
ance in the college is over five hundred. 

Professor Henry's chosen branch is the feeding 
and nutrition of farm animals. A summary of his 
work and studies in this direction appears in a vol- 
ume entitled "Feeds and Feeding," published by 
himself in March, 1898. "Feeds and Feeding" is a 
generous volume of nearly 700 pages, embodying the 
results of live stock investigations in both the old and 
the new world. It has been adopted as a text-book 
by practically all the agricultural colleges of the 
country and is rapidly finding its way into the libra- 
ries of the intelligent stockmen of all America. The 
fifth edition of the book has been issued. 



PROFESSOR B. W. KILGORE. 

One of the best known men in the Old North State 
is Professor Kilgore, who for 12 years has been close- 
ly identified with the work of the State Board of 
Agriculture, the Agricultural and Mechanical Col- 
lege and the Experiment Station. 

Prof. Kilgore was- 
born in Mississippi 
thirty-six years ago 
received his educa 
tion in the commoi 
schools, the Agricul 
tural and Mechanica" 
College of Mississip 
pi and Johns Hop 
kins University. Hr 
has been engaged ir 
teaching and agricul 
utral experimental 
work since 1888 
twelve years of ii 
having been spent ii 
North Carolina, tht 
first eight years as as 
sistant chemist to th( 
Experiment Statioi 
and the last four as State Chemist and Director of the 
Experiment Station. His main work has been along 
the lines of determining the digestibility and feeding 
value of Southern stock feeds, the fertilizer combina- 
tions best suited to our various agricultural and truck 
crops, culture methods, rotations and the growth of 
soil-improving crops adapted to the different soils 




10 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



and sections of the State. Considerable time and at- 
tention has been given in an experimental way to de- 
termining the best varieties of cotton, corn, grain, 
and other farm crops and to their improvement by 
careful, judicious selection. The chemical side of the 
inspection work of the State, which is under the De- 
partment of Agriculture, relating to commercial fer- 
tilizers, stock fe^ds and human foods, is also under 
his charsre. 




PROFESSOR C. W. BTJRKETT. 

Amongst the newer acquisitions to the ranks of 
those who in the South are engaged in the work of 
arousing the interest of farmers in better methods 
of farming and endeavoring to prevent the exodus of 
farmers' sons from the farms to the cities. Professor 
Burkett, of the North Carolina College of Agricul- 
ture, stands prominent. He is an enthusiast on the 
subject of agricultural education for farmers' sons 
and although he has only been at the college for about 
two years has already so stirred up the farmers that 
they have sent their sons to the college in such in- 
creased numbers as to necessitate the provision of a 
new $50,000 building to meet the needs of the case. 
This is a rcord of which Prof. Burkett may be proud, 
and we look to see a great development of better 
methods of farming in the Old North State when 
these young men shall have been taught the "whys 
and wherefores" of scientific agriculture. Professor 
Burkett is the joint author of a book on Agriculture 
for Beginners, which we hope to see become a text- 
book in all the common schools. 

Prof. Charles. Wm. Burkett was born at Thorn- 
villo. Ohio, January 3. 1873, and was educated in the 
public schools and at the Ohio State University. 

He was asasistant in agriculture and superintend- 
ent of the farm at the Ohio State University from 
1895 to 1808, and agricultural editor of the Ohio 
State Journal 1805 to' 1808. 

He was the appointed Professor of Agriculture in 
the New Hampshire State College from 1808 to 1001, 
and agriculturist at the New Hampshire Experiment 
Station 1808 to 1901. and editor of the Agricultural 
Students Magazine 1804 to 1808. 

He received the appointment of Professor of Agri- 
culture and Agriculturist at the North Carolina Ag- 
ricultural College in 1001 and still fills that posi- 
tion. 

He has been a Farmers Institute lecturer in Ohio, 
New Hampshire. Massachusetts, Maine, Vermont 
and North Carolina. 

He is the author of several Experiment Station sheep and hogs to the live stock of the farm would 
Bulletins; a History of Ohio Agriculture; Feeding enable them to turn to profitable uses many of the 



Farm Animals, and joint author of Agriculture for 
Beginners. 

He has been active in popularising agricultural 
education wherever located and in getting same start- 
ed in colleges with which he has been connected. 

In New Hamp- 
shire he secured an 
appropriation of for- 
ty thousand dollars 
for an agricultural 
building which has 
just been completed. 
This building was 
called for by the in- 
crease in agricultu- 
ral students from 2 
to 65 during the three 
years he was with 
the New Hampshire 
College. 

In North Carolina 
the same experience 
has been repeated. 
A $50,000 agricul 
tural building has 

been provided and the number of agricultural stu- 
dents has increased from 17 to 132 in three years. 

He believes firmly in the doctrine that agricultural 
education will succeed in any institution if the teach- 
er himself believes in it. Energy and enthusiasm in 
a teacher of agriculture is absolutely necessary. 

Professor Burkett's motto is "everlastingly at it." 
He loves the boys, and ever shows his interest and 
faith in them and his belief in agriculture. 

Under these environments enthusiasm for agricul- 
tural education becomes contagious and no force can 
keep it in the background. 

PROF. A. M. SOULE. 

Within the past seven years there has sprung up in 
the South an interest in live stock husbandry and 
general forming as distinguished from merely plant- 
ing. This is a development much needed, and will 
greatly tend to the advancement of the prosperity of 
the South and- the greater fertility of our lands. 
Much of this aroused interest in stock is to be at- 
tributed to the fact that at several of the Agricultural 
Colleges and Experiment Stations gentlemen have 
been appointed as professors who came from the 
North and West, where farming without live stock 
in the shape of cattle, sheep and hogs, would be an 
impossibility. These gentlemen have been able to 
satisfv Southern farmers that the addition of cattle, 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



11 



wasted products of the plantation, and would at the 
same time enhance the fertility of the place and make 
certain the production of the staple crops of the South 
at less cost for fertilizers. Amongst these gentlemen, 
Prof. Soule, now Director of the Tennessee Experi- 
ment Station, has home a leading part. By his work 
at the Missouri Experiment Station, at the Texas 
Agricultural College, and since his appointment to 
the Tennessee Station, he has opened the eyes of 
thousands of farmers throughout the South to the 
possibilities of what can be done by live stock. He 
keeps the interest aroused and attention centred on 
the subject by using the agricultural press largely 
for the dissemination of his information, a practice 
which might be followed with great advantage by all 
Experiment Station workers. Thousands of farmers 
will read an article in their own agricultural paper 
who will not take the trouble to read an Experiment 
Station bulletin, or a book on the subject. 

Prof. Andrew M. Soule, Chairman of the Agricul- 
tural Department of the University of Tennessee, and 
Director and Agriculturist of the Tennessee Experi- 

.ment Station, was 
born near Hamilton, 
Ontario, Canada, in 
1872. When he was 
about ten years old 
the family moved to 
Xiagara Falls South, 
Ontario, where they 
have since resided, 
and there he received 
his early public 
school training. He 
attended the high 
school at that place, 
where he prepared 
for his university 
work. Mr. Soule was 
brought up on one of 
the best stock and 
fruit farms in the 
Niagara peninsula, and from his earliest childhood 
had a great love for nature and for the pursuit of 
agricultural industries. This led to his early deter- 
mination to make his future life work one of study 
and experiment in this interesting and attractive 
field of investigation. 

In 1800 he entered the Ontario Agricultural Col- 
lege, situated at Guelph, and two years later secured 
an associate diploma from that institution. He won 
the silver medal for general proficiency in his class, 
and was also first prize essayist in stock husbandry. 
Following up the good work already begun, he grad- 
uated from the Universitv of Toronto in 1893 with 




the degree of Bachelor of Science in Agriculture. 
After graduation he returned to his father's farm and 
studied the practical application of science to agri- 
culture. 

Tn the spring of 1894 he was called to the Missouri 
Experiment Station as assistant to the director, and 
was placed in charge of the live stock and dairy in- 
terests of the station at that place. During his con- 
nection with that station he published a valuable 
treatise on "Dairy Management," based on the re- 
sults of a series of experiments made while there. 

In the fall of 1894 he was chosen Assistant Pro- 
fessor of Agriculture and Assistant Agriculturist in 
the Texas College of Agriculture and Experiment 
Station. This position he held for two years, and 
during that time piiblished a comprehensive work on 
"The Effect of Food on Economic Dairy Produc- 
tion." In 1896, owing to the increase in the number 
of students in agriculture, Prof. Soule's work was 
divided, and his whole attention was devoted to agri- 
cultural instruction. In this he was very successful, 
and the department rapidly developed, especially 
those features relative to animal husbandry and 
dairying. 

In the spring of 1899, Prof. Soule was called to 
occupy his present position in connection with the 
University of Tennessee. During his tenure of office 
there several valuable reports have been issued from 
his department, including the following bulle- 
tins: Experiments with Winter Wheat; Corn. For- 
age Crops and Spring Cereals; Feeding Native 
Steers, Parts I. and II. ; Winter Cereals and Le- 
gumes: Winter Wheat; The Value of Corn, Skim 
Milk and Whey for Fattening Swine; The Relative 
Value of Protein in Cotton Seed Meal, Cow Pea Hay 
and Wheat Bran; Influence of Climate and Soil on 
the Composition and Milling Qualities of Wheat; a 
Farmers' Bulletin on The Conformation of Beef and 
Dairy Cattle; and several agricultural year books. 
He lias written many articles on education, and has 
reorganized the Department of Agriculture, adding 
very materially to its equipment and strengthening 
and adapting the courses to the peculiar needs of the 
South. Under the present vigorous policy the Ten- 
nessee Experiment Station is finding favor with the 
people of the State, and of the whole country. As 
an evidence of this it is carrying on extensive co- 
operative work with the Bureau of Plant Industry, 
U. S. Department of Agriculture. Prof. Soule says 
agricultural education offers the greatest opportunity 
to the young men of the country at the present time, 
and that the proper way to bring the station and the 
college of agriculture in touch with its constituents is 
through personal effort. In this he has been emi- 
nently successful. He is devoted to stock husbandry, 
and is doing everything in his power to build vip the 
industry on a scale commensurate with the needs' of 



12 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



[January 



the South. In spite of several flattering offers to go 
to other States he has remained in Tennessee, believ- 
ing that he can accomplish more for the promotion of 
agricultural and stock industries there than in many 
other sections of the country. 

Prof. Soule has been a frequent contributor to the 
agricultural press of the country and his articles have 
been both interesting and instructive. He has 
achieved notable success as an institute worker and is 
frequently called on to address farmers' clubs and 
stock breeders' associations. He is at present secre- 
tary of the East Tennessee Farmers' Convention, one 
of the oldest and most influential organizations in the 
country and it is largely through his efforts that ic 
has achieved a national reputation. His sincerity, 
enthusiasm and strong conviction concerning the 
value of agricultural education are bearing fruit, and 
through his efforts a short course in agriculture and 
the opening of the first dairy school in the South have 
been accomplished. 



MAJOR HENRY E. ALVORD. 

In a foremost place amongst those who have popu- 
larized the specific dairy cow and made of dairying a 
science and a profitable line of farm work, stands 
Major H. E. Alvord, the present chief of the Dairy 
Division of the Bureau of Animal Industry, of the 
Department of Agriculture. Virginia, claims Maj. 
Alvord as a citizen, he having been resident in Fair- 
fax county for more than thirty years, and he has 
demonstrated there that dairying can be made as 
profitable in the South as in any other part of the 
country. Major Alvord was, when a young man, in 
the United States army, but quit the sword for the 
plow when he became a resident in this State. His 
work as chief of the Dairy Division of the Bureau 
of Animal Industry has been largely that of develop- 
ing the dairy industry of the country and the open- 
ing up of foreign markets for our butter and cheese, 
and in this work he has done good service. 

During the ten years that Major Alvord was a cav- 
alryman, he was stationed for some time in the West 
and was noted for the excellence of the company and 
post gardens made under his direction. At the same 
time he made a study of the great cattle growing in- 
terests just then . assuming prominence on "the 
plains." When the business was at its beginning, he 
wrote an exhaustive article upon "American beef for 
British markets," which was awarded the grand 
medal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England. 
These early tastes and experiences were developed 
during Major Alvord's term as Military Professor 
at the Massachusetts Agricultural College and he took 
a full course of lectures under Stockbridge, Goess- 
mann, Law, Clark, Flint. Wilder and others. He 
thc\n left the army and settled at the home of his wife, 



Spring Hill Farm, in Fairfax county, Va., near the 
Great Falls of the Potomac. He added considerably 
to the area of the place, established there one of the 
first herds of registered Jersey cattle in the State 
and conducted a dairy farm. He has regarded 
"Spring Hill" as his home for more than thirty 
years, but most of the time has been engaged in other- 
States in the work of agricultural research and in-! 
struction. Before the United States founded the 
"Hatch Stations" he was general manager of Hough- 
ton Farm in Orange county, New York, which was 
a private experiment farm, where $30,000 or $40,000 
a year was expended in agricultural investigations, 
dairy questions receiving particular attention. 

Subsequently, Major Alvord was connected with 
several colleges and 
stations, teaching ag- 
riculture and direct- 
ing experiment work. 
He was elected the 
first Director of the 
Agricultural Experi- 
ment Station of Cor- 
nell University 
(1887) but preferred 
to accept a similar 
offer in Maryland 
where he re-organ- 
ized the Agricultural 
College and estab- 
lished the Experi- 
ment Station. Upon 
the creation of the 
Dairy Division ir, 
the United States' 
Department of Agriculture, in 1895, Major Alvord 
was appointed its chief and still holds that position. 
He has resumed his residence in Fairfax county. 

He has made animal industry and dairying his 
agricultural specialties. After the Philadelphia 
Centennial Exposition (in 1876) had attracted at- 
tention to the development of creameries in Iowa and 
the neighboring States, he became an active advocate 
of the co-operative system of dairying throughout 
New England, started the first creamery East of the 
Hudson river and assisted in the establishment of 
many, particularly in Maine, Massachusetts and Ver- 
mont. He regards this as his most useful construc- 
tive agricultural work, although he was prominently 
identified with the organization of the experiment 
stations under the Hatch act, and with the movement 
which resulted in the Morrill act of 1890, for the 
further endowment of the agricultural colleges. 

He has been a frequent contributor to agricultural 
journals and a speaker at conventions, institutes and 
agricultural meetings of all kinds. He has also been 
an active member and officer of numerous organiza- 




3 904.] 



THE SOUTHED PLANTER. 



13 



tions connected with his chosen line of work, — presi- 
dent of the Society for Promotion of Agricultural 
Science, the Association of American Agricultural 
Colleges and Experiment Stations, the National Cat- 
tle Growers' Association ; director of the Interna- 
tional Dairy Fair Association, the American Agri- 
cultural Association, the New York State Agricul- 
tural Society, the American Jersey Cattle Club, etc. 
He had charge of the Collective Agricultural Col- 
lege Exhibit at the Columbian Exposition at Chicago 
C1S93) and of the exhibit of the Animal Industries 
and Products of the United States at the Universal 
Exposition at Paris in 1900. He was vice-president 
for the United States of the International Agricul- 
tural Congress of 1900 at Paris, and is now a mem- 
ber of the organization commission for the Interna- 
tional Dairy Congress of 1905, and the next Interna- 
tional Agricultural Congress. His public services 
have been recognized abroad by making him an hon- 
orary member of the Royal Agricultural Society of 
England and the British Dairy Farmers' Associa- 
tion, and an "Ofncier" of the National Order of 
Merite Agricole of France. 



PROFESSOR W. F. MASSEY. 
The men whom we have already named as teachers 
and writers on agricultural subjects of recognized 
ability are all or nearly all of them engaged in either 
the National or State Institutions for the promotion 
of agricultural research and have done their best 
work in connection with the institutions with which 
they are or have been associated. The gentleman 
whom we now introduce, whilst also an officer of a Na- 
tional Experiment Station and for many years a 
teacher in an agricultural college, has done his best 
work through the agricultural press, and through a 
book written and published by him with the title 
"Crop Growing and Crop Feeding," and mainly 
through these mediums has made for himself a repu- 
tation and name known everywhere throughout the 
South. Whilst the other gentlemen whom we have 
named have been teaching the young men of the land 
this gentleman, Professor Massey, has been teaching 
the farmers actually engaged in the business of farm- 
ing. Whilst the others have been teaching their hun- 
dreds of pupils this gentleman has been teaching 
thousands of men every week for years. In the doing 
of this great work he has brought to the task both the- 
ory and practice, and hence he has spoken with 
weight and authority which has carried conviction to 
the minds of his hearers, and it is not saying too much 
to assert that by his labors he has done more to ad- 
vance good farming throughout the South than any 
other teacher or writer in the last 25 years. He has 
been practically holding a Farmers' Institute all that 



time through the columns of the leading agricultural 
journals of the South Atlantic States and in the tier 
of States lying to the west of here. His name is a 
household word in the homes of thousands of the 
farmers of these States. His long continued labors 
have borne abundant fruit as evidenced on thousands 
of farms where the cowpea is now a staple crop and 
doing a marvellous work in the recuperation of the 
wasted lands of the South. The debt of gratitude 
owing by the farmers of the South to Mr. Massey can 
never be paid, but we know that he feels abundantly 
rewarded in the contemplation of the increased pros- 
perity which he has brought to this Southland. 

Professor W. F. Massey was born September 30, 
1839, at Ouancock, Va. Educated at Washington 
College, Md., and Dickinson College, Pa. Went 
West some years before the civil war and was en- 
gaged in railroad sur- . 
veying from Minne 
sota to Texas. Start 
ed a nursery busi 
ness in Virginia th( 
year before the war 
and the war finished 
it. After the war. 
went to Maryland 
and took charge of a 
large nursery and 
canning establish- 
ment in Rent coun- 
ty. Then started a 
florist and nursery- 
business in the same 
county on his own ac- 
count, which for a 
time was very suc- 
cessful. Transferred 
the business to the 
vicinity of Baltimore at an unfortunate time when 
matters were very dull from the effects of the 
financial crisis of 1873, and owing to losses 
in trying to help others was compelled to close 
out the business. Then took charge of the rs brticul- 
tural interests of the Ridgely estate near L^timore 
for over six years. Then made a contract w%h the 
proprietor of the Hygeia Hotel at Old Poin', e Com- 
fort to produce everything needed for the h<* el in 
the way of vegetables, poultry, pork, milk andiflow- 
ers. This contract was eminently successful^ 2r»- fc * 
was brought to a sudden close by the death c e nas a 
Phoebus, and the impracticability of maki 4 Mont- 
same contract with his heirs. During all the e > which 
he had been engaged in general farming in coe s one °f 
■with garden work. Just at the time when e district 
found impracticable to make any further : 




14 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



ment of a satisfactory nature at Old Point, the trus- 
tees of the "Miller School of Albemarle county, Va., 
wrote and asked him to take charge of their agricul- 
tural interests and to inaugurate an agricultural de- 
partment in the school. He accepted the, offer and 
worked there for four years. During the third year 
the trustees of the Virginia College of Agriculture at 
Blacksburg offered him the Chair of Agriculture, 
which he declined, as he did not then care to move. 
The following summer the executive committee, con- 
sisting of Hon. Hoge Tyler, Dr. Buchanan and Capt. 
C. E. Vawter, unanimously renewed the offer of the 
Chair of Agriculture at Blacksburg. At the same 
time he was in correspondence with the Board of 
Trustees of the North Carolina College, and declined 
to give either an answer until he had visited Blacks- 
burg. He found there that there was a fight on hand 
between the director and the president and that there 
was a prospect of a break up. which did actually oc- 
cur, and not wishing to get into a turmoil declined 
again to go to Blacksburg, and wrote to the North 
Carolina College that he would come there. 

After occupying the Chair of Horticulture and 
Botany, and Horticulturist of the station for 12 
vears he dropped the college chair in order to have 
more time for the station work and to be foot loose 
for institute work at any time. In 1901 he became 
editor of the Practical Farmer, of Philadelphia, for 
which paper he had been for years contributing reg- 
ularly. Has been engaged in agricultural journal- 
ism more or less for thirty years and has devoted all 
his energy to the upbuilding of the agriculture of the 
South. 



ME. T. B. TERRY. 

The gentleman whom we now introduce to our 
readers, Mr. T. B. Terry, has never been engaged in 
the work of any of the agricultural institutions of 
learning or research, but has nevertheless made for 
himself almost a national reputation as a sound 
teacher of good farming. Like Prof. Massey, he has 
done his work mainly through the agricultural press 
of the country, supplemented by a book, "Our Farm- 
ing,*' AT ich has had a great circulation and a pro- 
found;/ .jfluenoe upon the daily work of thousands of 
>>j throughout, the Eastern States. He still con- 
r his labors through the columns of the Practical 
tjpr and at Farmers' Institutes. 
I. T. B. Terry was born in New York State in 
ffi^e He got his education at Western Reserve Col- 
during His father was a clergyman. Tlie son's first 
at the Tor himself was buying butter and cheese for 
a full cern firm, they furnishing the capital. After 
mann, ~t so happened that he traded some town prop- 
then lef a badly run-down farm. This was done with 
ntion of selling the farm, as he supposed he 




could. But he soon found he could not sell, or rent 
the land to any reliable party, it was so poor. So it 
seemed best to move onto the farm while he was try- 
ing to fix it up a lit- 
tle. This is some 33 
years ago. He is 
there yet. He went j 
onto the farm in debt 
badly. The land was 
producing but very 
little, say 6 or 8 bush- 
els of wheat per acre, 
one-fourth to one 
half of a ton of hay 
per acre and other 
crops in proportion. 
Mr. Terry had no 
money. He and his! 
family almost starv 
ed for a time. Bu1 ! 
little by little he be 
gan to get his bear 
ings and think anu" 
studv. as he had been trained to do in college. The 
result was that within a dozen years he was raising 
an average of 35 bushels of wheat per acre, and 4 or 
5 tons of hay in a season, in two cuttings. Instead of 
almost starving they were laying up about $1,000 a 
year on a farm of 55 acres, 35 of cultivated land. The 
bulk of the money was made by growing Irish pota- 
toes. Twenty-one years ago Mr. Terry was called on 
to tell other farmers how these things had been done, 
both through the papers and at Farmers' Institutes, 
which were then about starting. He has never once 
sought any work of this kind. It came to him. What 
he had done seemed to many little less than miracu- 
lous. Since that time he has spent his winters talk- 
ing to farmers through nearly all of the Northern 
States. He has also been constantly trying to stir 
them up to do better work through his articles in the 
papers. At present he writes only for the Practical 
Farmer, of Philadelphia. 

Mr. Terry's great points have been, getting nitro- 
gen from the air by growing clover in short rotation, 
making more plant food available by working the 
land more, manure saving (cement floors in stables, 
manure sheds, etc.). Thus he made his land produc- 
tive. The house he lived in for fourteen years he 
sold for $10 when through with it. He now has a 
beautiful home, costing with furnishings some 
$6,000. Mr. Terry refused to consider an offer of 
the position of Professor of Agriculture in his own 
State University, and of other good positions, in 
order to continue talking and writing and working 
for the farmers of America. He is earnestly seeking 
to help them to prosper financially, and to be well and 
strong through long and useful lives. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



15 



nessee 




COL. J. B. KILLEBREW". 
Through a long and busy life Col. J. B. Killebrew, 
of Tennessee, has done yeoman service for the farm- 
ers of the South, both by his pen and his own practi- 
cal work on his farm. As Commissioner of Agricul- 
ture for his State for many years, as author of several 
books dealing with the soil, crops and climatic condi- 
tions of the South, and on specific crops, especially 
tobacco, and as a constant contributor to the agricul- 
tural press he has exercised a great influence for good 
upon the farmers of the South. These labors he still 
continues. They are with him a labor of love and he 
looks for his greatest reward in seeing Southern farm- 
ers prosperous. He is one of the strongest advocates 
for and supporters of the movement in favor of good 
roads, and looks forward with confidence to the early 
enactment of Col. Brownlowe's bill for granting na- 
tional aid in this work. 

Col. J. B. Killebrew was born in Montgomery 
county, Tennessee, of revolutionary ancestors, who 
emigrated from North Carolina and Virginia to Ten- 
in 1796 and settled in the county near the 

place where he now 
has a farm. 

He was educated 
at the University of 
North Carolina, 
graduating in 185 fi 
with great distinc- 
tion. For a short time 
he practiced law with 
success and was mar- 
ried to Miss Kate 
Wimberly in 1857, 
by whom he has had 
seven children, six of 
whom are living, 
four boys and two 
girls. His sons are 
all prominent in 
business and profes- 
sional circles. 
During the years 1871 and 1872 he was probably 
the busiest man in the South. He was agent of the 
Peabody Fund and canvassed the State of Tennes- 
see in the interest of public education with the result 
that the next legislature adopted a thorough system of 
public schools. He was, during the same time, Com- 
missioner of Agriculture for the State, which posi- 
tion he held for ten years. He was also the Secretary 
of the National Agricultural Association, and he 
likewise during this time established the "Rural 
Sun," of which he was editor-in-chief, an agricultural 
publication that soon made itself felt in every State 
in the Union and was pronounced by the best in- 



formed agriculturists of the United States to be in- 
ferior to no other agricultural publication ever is- 
sued in this country or in Europe. With all these 
duties he kept his farm up to a high state of culti- 
vation, and was one of the largest tobacco and wheat 
growers in the State. While Commissioner of Agri- 
culture, he prepared and published several valuable 
books on the resources of Tennessee that have be- 
come standard works on the subjects of which they 
treat. The largest of them was The Resources of 
Tennessee, a volume of 1,200 pages in which the 
Topography, geology, soils, crops, minerals, timber, 
industries of various sorts and the social condition 
of the people of the State of Tennessee, were de- 
scribed. This work, though printed nearly thirty 
years ago is still in demand. Special treatises were 
issued during his administration on grasses, to- 
bacco culture, wheat-growing, sheep husbandry and 
various others. 

In 1880 he was employed by Francis A. Walker, 
the Superintendent of the Tenth Census, to report 
on the culture and curing of tobacco in the United 
States. The report embraced in a quarto volume of 
more than 300 pages, is the most exhaustive work on 
tobacco ever issued in any country, and has estab- 
lished Col. Killebrew as the highest authority on this 
subject. He has since written an even more popular 
work on tobacco for the Orange Judd Publishing- 
Company, of New York. No one in the South prob- 
ably has a more accurate knowledge of its mineral, 
timber and agricultural resources than Col. Kille- 
brew, and his works are largely quoted both in Amer- 
ica and Europe. His numerous contributions to the 
newspapers and the addresses which he has delivered 
on different topics have not interfered with his regu- 
lar work. His remarkable gifts of accurate and wide 
knowledge about many matters affecting the welfare 
of the South, as well as the broad range of his vision 
have been recognized time and again and most re- 
cently in his election to the presidency of the Ten- 
nessee Industrial Lague : 

Col. Killebrew had charge of the subject of tobac- 
co for the Standard Dictionary. He is now one of 
the editorial writers for the Manufacturers' Record 
and Southern Farm Magazine, published at Balti- 
more, and contributes to many other papers, among 
them The Home and Farm, of Louisville; Nashville 
Banner and American Agriculturist, of New York. 
He makes many speeches, both in the Northern and 
Southern States in the interest of good roads and is 
an able and earnest advocate for national aid in this 
work — a work in which every man, woman and child 
living in the country, is deeply interested. He has a 
highly productive farm of some 800 acres in Mont- 
gomery county, Tennessee, near Clarksville, which 
is cultivated with profit and success. He is one of 
the large tobacco growers of the Clarksville district 



16 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



and produces on his farm, for sale, besides tobacco, 
wheat, hay, hogs, early lambs, cattle, goats and raises 
some mules and horses. 

A year or two ago, he prepared for the University 
of Tennessee a publication on grasses, containing 
about 150 pages, which is well illustrated and has re- 
ceived commendations from the highest sources in 
Europe and America. Indeed it won the gold medal 
at the Paris Exposition as being the best practical 
work on the grasses. 

Personally, he is popular. His affable manners, 
kindness of heart and generous hospitality have won 
for him an enviable position in the social realm. In 
tio place is his popularity more manifest than with 
his employees. By his kind and pleasant associa- 
tion he has attached them strongly to himself and his 
work, and they exhibit for him the highest regard, 
affection and lovaltv. 



MR. JOSEPH E. WING. 

Amongst the more recent acquisitions to the ranks 
of the writers for the agricultural press there is no 
one man who has attained greater preeminence and 
popularity than Mr. Joseph E. Wing, of Ohio. As 
a successful practical farmer with the greatest facil- 
ity of pen for conveying what he has to say to the 
readers of the journal for which he writes, and as an 
expert photographer, who thoroughly understands 
how to photograph an animal or a rural scene and 
who, by this means, conveys to the eye as well as to 
the mind, the subject upon which he writes. His arti- 
cles commend themselves to the attention of farmers 
everywhere. Through the columns of the Breeders 
Gazette, the leading live stock journal of this coun- 
try, for which he now writes exclusively, he reaches 
every week an immense number of readers and is 
thereby enabled to do a great work for the uplifting 
of agriculture, and especially of the live stock indus- 
try of the country to which he more particularly ad 
dresses himself. 

Joseph E. Wing was born 1862, in Hinsdale, N 
Y. At this time his father, Wm. H. Wing, starting 
with nothing but a widowed mother and a large 
family younger than himself, had succeeded in not 
only keeping his mother, brothers and sisters com- 
fortable, but had acquired a poor hill farm and small 
grocery store for himself. In 1867, attracted by the 
stories of more fertile farms in Ohio, W. H. Wing 
sold his possessions in New York and removed to the 
Darby Plains of Ohio, buying a farm near the village 
of Mpchanic=burfr, where the family have lived ever 
since. J. E. Wing received a good common school 
education and a brief course in a New York academy, 
but no college education. 

About 1882 farming in the North seemed, es- 




pecially to those who had seen war prices, to be on an 
unprofitable basis, and he travelled through the 
South looking for 
cheap land and profit- 
able farming situa- 
tions, but found noth- 
i n g satisfactory. 
About the next year, 
his health troubling 
him, he went to the 
Rocky Mountains, 
California and Utah, 
where he worked at 
first in the mines and 
later on a cattle 
ranch, where he be- 
came very rugged in 
health and received 
valuable education in 
handling stock. He 
spent five years there, 
and then his father's 
strength failing, returned home to help care for the 
farm. In 1891 W. H. Wing died, leaving a widow 
and five children, of whom J. E. was next to the 
eldest, the youngest being fourteen years of age. 

The farm was then of about 200 acres, mostly pas- 
ture and timothy meadow, and partly drained, but 
Avith few buildings. Yery little cattle was kept, and 
it was necessary to hire very little help. Times were 
hard, but Joe and his younger brothers, believing 
that improvements and stock would more than pay 
for themselves, drained, manured and built barns and 
sheds, hoping to pay for them some time. Experi- 
ments with alfalfa proving successful, . the timothy 
and clover were discarded, so that to-day Wing Bros, 
raise alfalfa alone for hay, harvesting 200 to 400 
tons per year. 

Since 1891 J. E. Wing and his younger brothers 
have spent about $4,000 on farm buildings, $3,000 
on draining, and $3,000 on improved stock. By 
means of these improvements they have been able to 
buy about $7,000 worth of land and pay for it, cer- 
tainly proving that the improvements paid. 

All his life Mr. Wing has enjoyed writing for the 
agricultural press, so much so that for the past three 
or four years he has devoted nearly all of his time to 
this and to Earmer's Institute work in winter, and in 
this way he has become known to many farmers all 
over the country. 



PROF. R. H. PRICE. 

Amongst writers on Horticulture and Eruit Grow- 
ing, our regular correspondent. Prof. R. H. Price, 
is taking a recognized position and doing good work 
in popularizing this branch of work on the farm. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



17 




Prof. Price is a native of this State and a graduate 
of the Virginia Agricultural College, and is there- 
fore peculiarly well qualified to advise on his chosen 
branch of work in this section. 

Prof. R. H. Price is a native of Virginia, and re- 
ceived his degree from the Virginia Agricultural and 
Mechanical College. Was assistant horticulturist of 

-the Virginia Experi- 
I ment Station, and 
^helped to set and care 
I for the orchards and 
■.vineyards there. He 
• resigned this position 
in 1892 to become 
I Professor of Horti- 
culture, Botany and 
Entomology in the 
Texas Agricultural 
and Mechanical Col- 
I lege and Texas Ex- 
periment Station. 
IHe built up one of 
■ the best horticultural 
'departments at these 
! institutions known in 
|the South. His 
scientific work in a 
new classification of peaches over the old classifica- 
tion, which had stood for more than a century, placed 
peach culture on a more sure basis. His experi- 
ments with a small canning factory led the way for a 
large number of small factories in Texas and some 
other Southern States. His bulletins on fruits and 
vegetables have taken high rank. After teaching 
and experimenting along horticultural lines for ten 
years in Texas, his health began to fail owing to an 
attack of malarial fever, and he resigned in June, 
1902, and came back to his blue grass farm, in Mont- 
gomery county, Va. One of his own graduates was 
elected to the position held by him. He is a mem- 
ber of various scientific and horticultural organiza- 
tions. He i3 the author of a book on Sweet Potato 
Culture, which is recognized as a standard authority. 




MR. J. W. INGHAM. 

Mr. -T. W. Ingham, of Pennsylvania .has for many 
years been a regular contributor to the agricultural 
press of this country and a frequent writer for this 
journal, and his work has commanded attention from 
the fact that he writes from an extended practical 
acquaintance with everyday work on the farm and 
always strictly to the point under consideration. This 
practical knowledge he has supplemented with wide 
reading of the best authorities and careful experi- 



mentation of his own farm, hence what he says can 
be relied on. 

J. Washington Ingham was born on the farm 
where he new lives, at Sugar Run, Bradford county, 
Pa., October 21, 1823. It is the farm on which his 
grandfather, Joseph Ingham, settled in 1795, when 
the country was a 
dense wilderness of 
woods, and where his 
father, Thomas Ing 
ham, lived, labored 
and died. The fam- 
ily is of English 
Quaker stock, tin 
first parent having 
settled in New Jer- 
sey about 1732. 

Mr. Ingham re 
ceived a good com 
mon school educatioi 
and attended on< ii 
term at the Athens- 1 
Academy. He taugh | 
two terms of school 
when a voung man. 
practiced land sur- 
veying, "tended store," worked in the lumber woods, 
drew logs, tended saw-mill, rafted and ran lumber 
down the Susquehanna river to Maryland. Early in 
life he devoted himself to farming, it being an occu- 
pation more congenial to his taste, and giving him 
more enjoyment than any other business in which he 
ever engaged. Hpon the death of his father, in 1855, 
he assumed the duties of his father's estate, which in- 
cluded a grist mill, a saw-mill, a farm, and a timber 
lot. Eventually he became the owner of the farm, 
and labored diligently and successfully to make it 
richer and more productive than ever before. 

He was the first worthy master of the Wyalusing 
Grange, and represented it several times in the State 
Grange. His articles in newspapers have attracted 
much attention. He has written upon agriculture, 
history, and other topics of public interest. He has 
been a contributor to the New York Tribune, the 
Tribune Farmer, the Ohio Earmer, the Country 
Gentleman, and other farm papers and magazines, 
but has never, however, allowed his literary work to 
take his mind from his farming. He has never ta- 
ken hold of the pen when the plow needed his guiding 
hand. His literary work has been done outside of 
business hours. The man who reads the farm papers 
and writes for them, will inevitably take more in 
terest in his own farming, 
little better every year. He 
farmer needs most, besides a thorough knowledge of 
his business, is more enthusiasm in its prosecution, 
and he has always endeavored to arouse this by his 
pen. 



and endeavor to farm a 
says that what the 



18 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



DR. HENRY STEWART. 

One of the oldest and most widely known contrib- 
utors to the agricultural press is Dr. Henry Stewart, 
now a resident of North Carolina. His articles are 
always worthy of careful reading as he writes from 
the standpoint of a trained scientist with the added 
experience of a practical farmer and live stock man. 
We regret to say that we have been unable to procure 
a likeness of Dr. Stewart for reproduction in our col- 
umns. 

Dr. Henry Stewart is a native of New York State, 
and was born in 1828. nis father was a physician, 
by whom he was trained, first at home, and then by a 
thorough course of study and practice in Europe in 
that same profession ; but as he was born and reared 
on a farm and among cows and sheep, this early ex- 
perience led him to spend his life as a farmer, making 
his profession only an incident of it. When left at 
an early age, an only child, without parents, inherit- 
ing a dairy farm and a large interest in an extensive 
sheep ranch in Australia, he entered at once into 
a busy and strenuous experience, which has con- 
tinued until the present time. Blessed with an 
unusually vigorous constitution, and never having 
lost an hour of his life by illness, an inde- 
fatigable worker and ardent student, and loving cows 
and sheep and the work of a farm, he soon acquired 
a thorough knowledge of his life's work, and made 
the acquaintance of the most prominent leaders of 
agricultural science and practice. In a rather long 
visit to England he made the acquaintance, among 
other leading agricultural scientists, of the noted Sir 
John Bennet Lawes, of that well-known first exist- 
ing Agricultural Experiment Station — Rothamsted 
Park, England. Since then he was for years in fre- 
quent correspondence with Sir J. B. Lawes, chiefly 
in regard to the question of the acquisition by plants 
of atmospheric nitrogen, of which he had a firm belief 
through personal study and experiment. Sir John, 
however, strong in his belief to the contrary, was 
never able to convince Mr. Stewart of any flaw in his 
opinion, which, soon after, he expressed in one of his 
Beveral books — The Culture of Farm Crops — in these 
words: "We know that some crops — clover, for in- 
stance — gather a large quantity of nitrogen from 
some source. All our experience points out the soil 
as the source of some 150 to 180 lbs. of this nitrogen 
gathered from an acre of land by a crop of clover, 
but our observation and most careful study go to con- 
firm the belief that this nitrogen does in some way 
enter into plants through the roots, and so contributes 
to their substance, directly from the soil, but indi- 
rectly from the atmosphere circulating in the soil. 
My own experience in growing good crops on ex- 
tremely poor soil by means of frequent culture con- 
firms me in this belief — in spite of its unpopularity." 



Another of his books — The Dairyman's Manual — 
was equally in advance of the then practice, and led 
to some important improvements in the making of 
butter (especially of the granulated form of it), and 
cheese. He was the originator of the practice of 
bottling milk for sale. His latest work — The Do- 
mestic Sheep — -has taken the foremost place in its 
line, having gone through several editions during the 
five years since its publication. He is still in active 
work, and is a regular correspondent of several lead- 
ing agricultural publications. His present hom» is 
at Highland, N. C. 



PROF. THOMAS SHAW. 

Amongst agricultural writers and teachers ther» 
are few who have done more for farmers and lire 
stock owners than. 
Prof. Thomas Shaw,| 
now of St. Paul,] 
Minn., but for many 
years professor of 
Agriculture at the 
Ontario Agricultural 
College, Canada, and 
later Professor of 
Animal Husbandry 
at the Minnesota 
Agricultural College. 
Whilst carrying on 
his work as a teacher 
in these two colleges 
he was also actively 
engaged in farming, 
and edited whilst in 
Canada the Canadian!, 
Live Stock Journal, 
and now edits The Farmer, published at St. Paul. 
He has always been active in the work of Farmers' 
Institutes, having organized a large number in Can- 
ada, and for several years was Secretary of the On- 
tario Central Farmers' Institute. He has written a 
number of exceedingly useful books on agricultural 
subjects, among them, "Weeds, and How to Eradi- 
cate Them," "The Study of Breeds," "'Forage Crops 
Other Than Grasses," "Soiling Crops and the Silo," 
"Grasses, and How to Grow Them." These books 
evidence the painstaking character of the author and 
the practical bent of his mind. Whilst sound in 
theory they are strictly practical in application. Mr. 
Shaw has always kept himself closely in touch with 
farmers, and is a frequent contributor to the best 
agricultural and live stock journals of the country. 
Tie was born in 1843 on a farm, and never had the 
benefit of a college education. 




i,>:.:-f ::—:: 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



19 



Farm Management. 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 

The new year 1904 does not open with the same 
prospect of good returns for products which may be 
raised on the farm as has been tbe case during the 
past three or four years. There is a distinct pause 
now being marked in the business activity which has 
so long prevailed. Whether tbis is to be intensified 
into a lasting depression of all industrial progress or 
is to be merely a temporary lull yet remains to be seen. 
We are, however, of opinion that whichever may be 
the case, products of all kinds are not likely to more 
than maintain existing values, unless some disaster 
should overtake the crops now to be prepared for or 
already seeded. We base this opinion on the fact 
that statistics show more than average crops of grain 
in the other exporting countries of the world, and 
with the exception of the oat crop, of fair average 
crops in this country. Importing countries will, 
therefore, be able to secure the supplies they may 
need at existing prices, and the demands of the peo- 
ple of this country are likely to be less, as the wages 
of labor are being reduced all over the country, and 
this means decreased consumption all along the line. 
Beef and hogs have already dropped in value to be- 
low what conditions seem to warrant, and for these 
products we are inclined to look for somewhat better 
prices, notwithstanding the probable decreased de- 
mand. As far as we are able to judge, there is no 
superabundance in quantity of either beeves or hogs, 
and the present low prices have been brought about 
rather by reckless selling than by actual conditions of 
market demand. Cotton is an exception to all the 
other crops. It is selling at an exceptional high 
figure (13 cents), and seems likely to maintain this 
price, as the crop is undoubtedly short and the world 
needs it as there are no supplies held over anywhere. 
Tobacco is gradually hardening in value, and we look 
to see better prices before the close of the sales. This 
crop is, in our opinion, going to prove short of the 
demand, especially in the finer types and grades, 
and these will be likely to make more money. Whilst, 
on the whole, we do not therefore look to see higher 
prices for the staple products of the farms and plan- 
tations in the year now commencing, it should be 
borne in mind that existing prices are yet distinctly 
(except as to beef and pork) in advance of those of 
a year ago, and considerably higher than those of a 
few years ago, and therefore may be considered as on 
the whole satisfactory and yielding a fair profit to 
producers who exercise skill in the management of 



their farms and make average crops. What th» 
Southern farmer most needs to do is to increase th« 
yield per acre, and not the number of acres culti- 
vated. In this way he can keep down the cost of 
production, and thus make the average profit greater. 
This point presses for attention, not merely because 
of the halt in the demand, but because of the fact that 
labor is more difficult to procure and control all over 
the Southern country. In order to maintain and 
increase production machinery will have to be much 
more largely used than in the past, and fewer hands 
of a more skilled type be employed. With the im- 
proved machinery now so cheaply offered much bet- 
ter work can be done, and land be better prepared in 
less time than by old methods, and the handling of 
heavier crops be accomplished much more quickly. 
There is distinct economy in the use of machinery, 
and when this is freely recognized we shall see a 
much heavier production of crops at reduced cost 
With more economical production, a greater yield on 
each acre, brought about by better preparation of the 
land, there is no reason why farmers may not look 
forward to fairly prosperous times, even though busi- 
ness conditions should not be as buoyant as they have 
been during the past three or four years. We intend 
to do our best to help in this by continuing in each 
issue an article on the Work for the Month. These 
articles have in the past received high commendation 
from hundreds of our readers, and we observe are 
being copied in numbers of our exchanges. Several 
also of the leading agricultural journals in other sec- 
tions have taken up the same idea in one form or an- 
other, thus giving evidence of the necessity for this 
systematic reminder of what should be engaging the 
attention of farmers in each month as it comes round. 
We aim to always be a little in advance of the season 
with each article's advice, so that there will be time 
given in which to start the work advised and yet hit 
the best month in which to complete it. Of course, 
discretion will be necessary in acting on the advice 
according to climatic conditions and elevation, or 
nearer approach to the earlier season in the Gulf 
States. It is our purpose also to continue our "En- 
quirer's Column." It has become the medium for 
conveying information and advice to thousands of 
farmers upon every topic affecting the agricultural 
interests of the South. We welcome enquiries from 
all our subscribers, and do our best to give intelli- 
gible and reliable answers to every one. We ear- 
nestly beg of our subscribers to make use of this 



20 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



column. In this way they can get help and give 
help to their brethren. The other departments of the 
journal will continue to receive attention, and we ask 
that our subscribers will help us to make them inter- 
esting and helpful by sending us communications for 
publication. 



The actual work that can be done on the farm dur- 
ing January is usually small. If we have any winter 
at all, we usually get it in January, and labor is 
generally badly disorganized, as the Southern negro 
loves to keep Christmas and New Year for a long 
time into the month. See that you keep plenty of 
feed convenient for feeding, so that if reduced to the 
necessity of caring for your stock alone, they may 
not suffer. The negro is very thoughtless, and rarely 
allows any care for the wants of the live stock to 
interfere with his pleasure. After the long spell of 
cold weather, which we have had so much earlier than 
usual, it may be that January will be milder than 
usual, and that some work may be done on the land. 
To not fail to utilize this opportunity if it comes, so 
that if later months be unseasonable work will not 
crowd upon you. The cleaning up of land intended 
to be cropped, and the making and repairing of 
fences, drains and ditches, can be well done in mild 
weather, and thus materially aid in forwarding work 
in the later seeding months. Plowing and breaking 
of land should be continued at every opportunity, and 
this should be thoroughly done. Plow deep and sub- 
soil wherever there is a good clay bottom. See that 
the bard pan is broken thoroughly, but do not turn 
too much of this on to the surface. An inch or two 
added to the depth of the soil turned is sufficient, and 
this is better turned so that the furrows stand on 
edge rather than completely inverted, as in this con- 
dition the new soil is easier to mix with the old than 
if laid all on the top. Left in this form the weather 
will disintegrate the soil, and so a?rate it as to make 
available the plant food in it. Wherever possible 
give a dressing of lime on the surface — say 25 to 50 
bushels to the acre — after the land is plowed, and 
harrow this in lightly. This will have time to act on 
the soil before seeding time, and will do more to pro- 
mote fertility and a good crop than fertilizer applied 
later. Nearly all land in the South needs lime, and 
most of it needs it badly. The application of lime 
fends to makr> available the phosphoric acid and 
potash in the soil, of which there are usually large 
stores in an inert condition. Tt also corrects acidity 
in the soil, and thus promotes the activity of microbic 
life, which is so essential to fertility. Deep break- 
ing of the subsoil prevents washing of the surface by 



permitting the rainfall to permeate the soil and be- 
come there stored for the future use of the crop. It 
is a well demonstrated fact that the quantity of mois- 
ture stored in the soil bears the most intimate relation 
to the yield of the crop. Only through soil moisture 
can plants be fed. They take nothing in solid form. 



Whenever the land is dry enough to haul on, get 
out farrmyard and pen manure. Let this be at once 
spread either as a top dressing for wheat or winter 
oats, or as a preparation of the land for spring sown 
crops. Whatever plant food is leached out of the 
manure by the rains of the winter and spring will 
then be at once absorbed by the soil and be held there. 
The mineral fertilizers, acid phosphate and potash 
salts, can be safely applied along with the farm-yard 
manure. These will not be lost by leaching, but will 
become assimilated with the soil and be rendered 
more available for the crop than if applied just be- 
fore the crop is planted. 



Fill the ice house at the first opportunity. It is 
always unsafe to let a chance of cutting and getting 
ice slip by in the South. The first chance is often the 
last for that winter. 



In wet and stormy weather utilize the time in re- 
pairing, cleaning and painting the tools and imple- 
ments stored in the tool house, and take note of any 
repairs needed and order same at the earliest oppor- 
tunity, so that the machines may be ready for work 
whenever needed. 



TALL CORN. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I notice that you say that Cocke's Prolific is one of 
the tallest growing corns you know of. I wish that 
you could see it as it has been bred here. It is by no 
means a tall growing corn as compared with the gen- 
eral character of corn here. In fact, it has been 
planted on the College farm in rows three feet eight 
apart and ten inches in the row, and on dry, sandy 
upland, made 88 bushels per acre. It is a corn of 
very moderate stature, medium sized ears, and very 
prolific. If the original Cocke's Prolific was, as 
you say, a very tall growing corn, the fact that we 
have it here of perfectly medium stature, with ears 
near the ground and near the middle of the stalk, 
shows that we can breed corn in the South to a me- 
dium stature. Nor is it now a late corn, though 
lateness is a minor consideration in this climate, for 
the past summer we ripened a crop perfectly, planted 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



21 



on a wheat stubble some time after the wheat was 
harvested. The fact is that the corn breeders West 
have devoted all their attention to the character of 
the ear, a very erroneous plan for breeding any plant. 
In the improvement of a plant we must take the 
whole plant into consideration, form an ideal of what 
we want the plant to be, and breed towards that ideal 
continually, taking note of every character of the 
plant, and not merely a single feature. Our farm- 
ers have for generations been breeding for the best 
ear, and they have gotten the big ear at the expense of 
other important characters. Breeding for a single 
feature only in any plant will not result in the best 
production. Of course we want well formed ears, 
but we do not want them borne on stalks that have 
the ears out of reach and but a little stalk above them. 
We want a plant that will bear its ears about midway 
the stalk, and within easy reach. I have recom- 
mended the use of the lowest ear in breeding our long 
legged corn down to a better stature, because it will 
have that tendency, as I have abundantly proved. 
When we get the ideal plant it will be time enough 
to breed for the ideal ear along with it, but we need 
the ideal plant in the South now more than anything 
else. Then, too, the breeding of corn must take the 
climate into consideration. Earliness is a very im- 
portant point in the North and West, but can be en- 
tirely ignored in the South, or at least not particu- 
larly sought after. In breeding for prolificacy in 
any plant we invariably reduce the size of the indi- 
vidual -fruit. The Ponderosa tomato, for instance, 
has been bred for size, but it will not produce a tenth 
part of the number of fruits that the little pear 
shaped ones bear. The breeding for the big ear of 
corn produces the big ear and only one on a stalk, and 
that with the tendency to get higher and higher from 
the ground, while the breeding for a better stature 
and more proline character decreases the size of the 
individual ears, but greatly increases the general pro- 
duct not only by reason of the increased number of 
ears, but by the decreased stature of the plant, en- 
abling us to get more stalks on the acre. No true 
improvement can be made in any plant while we 
breed for a single character and neglect the plant it- 
self as a whole. W. F. M.assey. 



ENQUIRER'S COLUMN. 



Enquiries should be sent to the office of The Southern Plan- 
ter, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the month for 
replies to appear in the next month's isxue 

Pumpkins for Cows. 

We observe tbat we inadvertentlv overlooked re- 



plying to a query as to the feeding of pumpkins to 
milch cows in our last issue. Pumpkins may be fed 
to milch cows without any fear of their drying the 
cows. They are an excellent food for cows, being 
much like turnips, rutabagas and beets in their com- 
position and nutritive qualities. They are cooling 
in their action on the stomach and act as appetisers. 
— Ed. 



Dehorning Cattle— Cultivating Corn. 

1. Can cattle be dehorned at this season of the year 
-without injury to them ? 

2. Also please tell me something about the riding 
cultivator for corn. Which is the cheapest and best 
way to cultivate corn, with the riding cultivator or 
the old fashioned double shovel plow ? 

Albemare Co., Va. A Fabmer. 

1. Cattle may be dehorned at any time in the year 
but it is best not done when flies are troublesome, as 
they are apt to get into the wounds and sometimes 
cause trouble. Out off the horns and apply some tar 
to the wounds and keep the cattle in the barn or shed 
for a day or two if the weather is frosty. 

2. There is no comparison with the work which 
can be done by a good riding cultivator as against the 
old double shovel plow either in quantity, quality or 
in its effect on the crop. A double shovel plow is 
almost as much out of place in a corn field as a turn- 
ing plow. We would not use either of them if we 
could get any other kind of cultivator. There are 
several riding cultivators on the market which do ex- 
cellent work. — Er>. 



A Goat Fence — Subsoil Piow. 

1. Can I make a fence with four strands of wire 
that will hold goats ? If so how far apart should each 
strand be placed ? 

2. Can I have a subsoil plow stock made at home ! 
If so give full particulars. Subscriber. 

Lancaster Co., S. C. e 

1. We doubt whether you can make an effective 
goat fence with four strands of wire. A fence to turn 
goats should be at least 4. feet 6 inches high, and bet- 
ter 5 feet, and should have at least 6 strands of wire. 

2. A subsoil plow can easily be made at home. 
Take an old plow and knock off all the iron work 
from the beam, leaving only the beam and handles. 
Then take an old Sword coulter to the smith's shop 
and let him cut off the point and swell the end into 
a head that he can put through a hole an inch in diam- 
eter made in a piece of iron 3 inches wide and 6 
inches long and a quarter of an inch thick. Rivet 
this sole onto the coulter and turn the front end of 
it slichtlv down so that it will bite and hold into the 



22 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



ground. Then fix this coulter into the plow beam 
•where the stock of the plow formerly fitted and yon 
have a subsoil plow tliat will do good work. The sole 
of the coulter should be hardened so that it will wear 
aharp and cut easily into the subsoil. — En. 



Subsoiled Land— Peas— Fertilizer for Artichokes. 

1. I subsoiled a piece of land last year. What is 
best to do to it this year ? 

2. Will peas grow after a crop of sweet potatoes ? 

3. What kind of fertilizer should be used to grow 
artichokes ? J. B. Elliott. 

Camden county, N. C. 

1. The land subsoiled last year should be plowed 
deeply this year and be worked finely to the full 
depth plowed and should then make a good crop if at 
til fertile. 

2. Yes. Peas will grow after sweet potatoes. They 
usually make a good crop following a cultivated and 
fertilized crop. 

3. Use muriate of potash and acid phosphate on 
the land to be planted in artichokes, say 50 pounds of 
potash and 300 pounds of acid phosphate to the acre. 
—Ed. 



Artichokes. 

Please tell me if artichokes are good to feed to cat- 
tle and milch cows ? J. V. 

Surry county, Va. 

Artichokes have about the same value as a food for 
cattle or hogs as Irish potatoes. Their value as a 
food for cows consists rather in their, action as a cool- 
ing feed stimulating the appetite and rendering the 
animal capable of consuming and assimilating richer 
foods for a longer period than as in themselves nutri- 
tions. We know farmers who feed them to cattle and 
find profit in doing so. — En. 



Crimson Clover— Carrots and Parsnips— Bones for 
Fowls. 

1. What is the value of crimson clover for feed? 
Can it be fed to horses? 

2. Are parsnips and carrots valuable as a market 
crop? What is the yield per acre, and Avhat is the 
average price per bushel ? 

3. Are hones from cooked meat as valuable as 
£reen bone for egg-producing? E. M. Ball. 

Washington county, Va. 

1. There is very little difference in the nutritive 
rain' 1 of crimson clover and red clover. The crimson 
is a little richer in protein than the red. There is, 
however, risk in feeding the hay to horses unless the 
clover has been cut befom blooming. After the clover 
blooms and the seed is formed the awns on the seed 



are very hard and bristly and these when eaten in the 
hay are liable to mat together in the stomach and 
form balls which cause obstruction of the bowels. We 
have had several of these balls taken from the bowels 
of horses which had died from the obstruction, as 
large as an orange. We have never had any com- 
plaint of this trouble with cattle eating the hay. 

2. There is only a very limited demand for car- 
rots and parsnips in Southern markets and the North- 
ern markets are supplied from nearby places. We 
cannot state the average price per bushel. The few 
sold are generally priced by the bunch. They are 
good feed for cattle, horses and pigs. An average 
crop of carrots and parsnips on good land would be 
from 12 to 15 tons per acre. 

3. Cooked bones whilst valuable for poultry as 
aids in egg-production are not so valuable as green 
bone, as the latter have usually considerable meat 
and gristle adhering to them, and the marrow in them, 
all of which are of great benefit to the hens, taking 
the place of the insects, grubs and worms which they 
<?et in summer. — Ed. 



Lice on Cattle. 

Will you please tell me some remedy for lice on. 
cattle ? I have tried kerosene, also tobacco juice, but 
find that they still have them. T lost several head last 
winter and they have been poor all summer. Most 
remedies are too severe to be used in winter. 

j. d. n. 

A decoction of Coculus Indicus (fish berries) is 
a good remedy. Take half a pound of the berries for 
each animal, pound fine, then add 2 quarts of vinegar 
and set on the stove to simmer for an hour. Rub the 
decoction thoroughly into the hair on the infested 
places. This will remain effective long enough to 
kill all the lice as they are hatched from the eggs. 
Kerosene emulsion is also very effective. Kerosene 
2 gallons, common or whale oil soap, one quarter of a 
pound. Water 1 gallon. Heat the soap solution and 
add it boiling hot to the kerosene. Churn the mix- 
ture for 5 or 10 minutes. Dilute with eight parts of 
water and rub it thoroughly into the hair. Eifty ani- 
mals can be treated with 10 gallons. — Ed. 



Pecan Growing. 

Will you kindly tell us what is the trouble with 
our pecan tree ? Tt is situated on a clay knoll, and is 
said to be 40 or 50 years old. but does not bear over 
a few quarts of nuts. Is the trouble due to the tree 
being alone, or does it need to he fertilized, and if so, 
how much and what kind would you advise using? 

Horry county, S. C. J. W. Lewis. 

We cannot account for your tree not bearing more 



1904.] 



TIIE SOUTHERN 5 PLANTER 



23 



nuts if it is a strong growing healthy tree. Its stand- 
ing alone will not account for the failure, as both the 
pistillate and staminate blooms are borne on the 
same tree and therefore it should fertilize its own 
blooms. It is doubtful whether fertilizing the ground 
would help it, indeed it may be that the tree is al- 
ready producing wood instead of fruit and fertilizer 
would only make this worse. Perhaps in another 
year or two this habit will change. — Ed. 



Holstein-Jersey— Brome Grass. 

1. I have a Jersey bull which has some white spots 
on him. Some people call him the Holstein-Jersey. 
I wish to know if there is such a thing as the Holstein- 
Jersey, and if so, how it came about ' 

2. Also wish to know if Brome grass will do well 
in the South ? W. P. Davis. 

Cherokee county, S. C. 

1. There is no such breed of cattle as Holstein- 
Jerseys. Holsteins and Jerseys have been crossed 
upon each other but the cross is not a desirable one 
as the two breeds are so different that they do not 
"nick well" as horsemen say. The. Jersey is a small 
fine boned animal. The Holstein a large, strong 
boned animal. If crossbred animals are desired the 
types crossed should be nearer alike and even then 
th« result is a doubtful quantity and quality. 

2. Yes. We have seen fine sods of Brome grass 
frown in the South. In this State it does well. — Ed. 



Rotation of Crops. 

I desire to start a rotation of crops on my farm 
and would ask if you do not think that I can main- 
tain and even increase its fertility by the following 
course: Eirst year cowpeas and crimson clover. 
Second year corn with crimson or red clover sown 
when worked the last time. Third year, pasture. I 
would use a small application of fertilizer on the 
corn and pea crop, also about twenty-five bushels of 
shell lime per acre at some time during the rota- 
tion. J. Mayo Robinson. 

Lancaster county, Va. 

Yes, the rotation suggested will no doubt improve 
the fertility of your land and the yield of your crops. 
We wonlrl advise the use of acid phosphate only, on 
the land before seeding the peas, say 300 pounds to 
the acre. Follow the cowpeas with crimson clover 
which plow down in April or May for corn, applying 
25 bushels of lime to the acre before planting the 
com. Sow a mixture of crimson clover, red clover 
and a bushel of mixed grass seed in the corn at the 
last work. This should give you a fair pasture the 
following year. Plow the sod down in the fall and 



sow wheat or winter oats. Then repeat the rotation. 
—Ed. ■ 

Navy Beans. 

A subscriber asks us as to the yield of this crop 
on fairly good land and as to the fertilization and cul- 
tivation of the crop. On land suitable for beans, a 
good loam soil, yields of from 20 to 30 bushels to the 
acre, are obtained in a suitable season. The land 
should be well prepared but not be made overrich, 
as this has a tendancy to cause the crop to run to vine 
rather than seed. A phosphate and potash fertilizer 
is the proper one to use with a small precentage of 
nitrogen. The crop generally does best on land heav- 
ily manured for the previous crop, as after an Irish 
potato crop. Cultivation should be frequent during 
the early growth of the plant but should never be done 
when the plants are wet with dew or rain, or they will 
rust or damp off. The most critical period in the 
handling of this crop is the curing of it. If the 
weather should be wet after the vines are pulled or 
cut and during the curing, the beans are almost cer- 
tain to be stained and mouldy, and this interferes 
seriously with their market value. After threshing 
the beans should be hand-picked if the best price is 
to be got for them. — Ed. 



TOMATOES FOR CANNING. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Our experience the last season with a dozen va- 
rieties of tomatoes for canning jiistifv us in repeating 
the statement that Spark's Earliana has proven to bo 
the best variety for this section, as it ripens before 
any other variety, and always bears abundantly. On 
our own ground a single plant has been known to 
produce as many as forty tomatoes of large size; 
smooth and of a bright, red color. This plant was 
not more than two feet high, but was branched out in 
every direction, and was so heavily loaded that there 
could scarcely haave been another tomato grown on 
its branches. The Acme was two weeks later, and 
did not mature one-third as many tomatoes. Dwarf 
Champion was of large size, and as smooth as any 
one could wish, but not equal to Earliana in flavor 
or size. We would advise every canner in this State 
to at least give this variety a trial on a small scale 
until they are fully convinced that it is adapted to 
their immediate locality. We are confident that 
with us Earliana will produce one-third more bush- 
els to the acre than any other variety, and is one of 
the best canning tomatoes that we have ever seen. 

We are glad to know that Virginia is becoming a 
canning State, and utilizing fruit that usually goes 
to waste. E. W. Jones !N"ursert Co. 

Carroll Co., Ya. 



24 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



Trucking, Garden and Orchard. 



MEETING OF THE VIRGINIA STATE HORTICUL- 
TURAL SOCIETY. 

Editor Southern Planter. 

The eighth annual meeting of the State Horticul- 
tural Society, held at Pulaski, December 2nd and 
3rd. was a good one. 

The addresses were in the main short, timely and 
to the point. The audience was large and seemed 
to appreciate the remarks of the speakers. 

The Pulaski people "did the proper thing" in en- 
tertaining the Society. The hall was large and con- 
venient. 

There was a magnificent display of apples, which 
received many flattering comments from men who are 
considered experts in judging good apples. I doubt 
if there is another State in the Union which could 
show a better quality of fruit than was exhibited. 
The Pippins, Baldwins. Winesaps, Virginia Beau- 
ties, York Imperials, Roxbury Russets and Wolf 
River apples were the finest T have ever seen. To 
look upon such an exhibit made me feel two degrees 
prouder of Old Virginia. There were old men and 
young men present who were apple enthusiasts and 
they were delighted with the exhibits. 

The politician had no show in the meeting. Pro- 
gress along the line of fine apple growing was the 
prime desideratum for commanding attention. I 
heard of apples being sold this fall in Virginia for 
three dollars per barrel on the track. The large num- 
ber of barrels, some ten year old trees, were said to 
have produced would look like exaggeration in print. 

The greatest enemy the apple grower in the State 
now has to contend with was by unanimous consent 
agreed to be the San Jose scale. But the growers 
spomed to be fighting this pest successfully. Intelli- 
gent spraying was doing the work. The lime and 
sulphur wash was regarded by all as one of the best 
sprays for the pest. This spray should be put on the 
trees before the buds open, and be repeated after the 
trees leaf out if necessary. The main point is thor- 
ough application. Eor this wash or spray, Prof. 
Alwood, of the Virginia Experiment Station, recom- 
mended the following formula: 

30 pounds of lime; 

20 pounds of sulphur; 

10 pounds of salt; 

1 00 gallons of water. 

Oook thirty minutes and keep well stirred. Strain 



well before spraying to prevent the particles of lime 
from clogging the nozzles. 

Dr. J. B. Emmerson read an important paper on 
the scale insect. 

R. H. Price discussed the subject of small canning 
factories in Virginia. 

Prof. G. Harold Powell gave a most interesting 
talk on handling fruits for cold storage. 

Mr. S. H. Derby, of Delaware, discussed the sub- 
ject of culture and spraying of orchards. 

Prof. W. B. Alwood gave an interesting stereopti- 
con lecture on some orchard pests. 

Prof. J. L. Phillips gave a report on work done 
under the State crop pest law. 

Senator S. L. Lupton and the Hon. Geo. E. Mur- 
rell discussed the subject of "How best to advertise 
the resources of Virginia." 

Prof. H. E. Van Deman discussed "Old Or- 
chards." 

Below is given a list of those whose exhibits won 
special premiums : For best collection of three to ten 
varieties, Mr. Geo. W. Via received first premium, 
Dr. S. S. Guerrant second, Mr. Geo. E. Murrell 
third, Mr. Joseph Kelley fourth and Mr. W. W. 
Otey fifth. A diploma and prize were given Mr. 
Geo. W. Via for the best plate of Albemarle Pippins. 
The premium for second best plate was awarded to 
Mr. Geo. E. Murrell. The first prize for best Grimes 
Golden was awarded to Dr. S. S. Guerrant, for sec- 
ond best a premium was awarded to Mr. Joseph Kel- 
ley. The premium for best Arkansas Black was 
awarded to Mr. James Caulfield, second best pre- 
mium was awarded to Mr. Geo. E. Murrell. The 
first premium for best York Imperial was awarded 
to Mr. Joseph Kelley, second best premium was 
awarded to Mr. John R. Guerrant. For the best 
Winesaps first premium was given to Dr. S. S. Guer- 
rant ; second best to Mr. S. T. Thompson. A special 
premium was awarded R. M. White for best Virginia 
Beauty. Mr. Geo. W. Via's exhibit of Jonathans 
received special mention. He was awarded the 
sweepstake prize for best Albemarle Pippin. A 
sweepstake prize was awarded Mr. Geo. E. Murrell 
for best Missouri Pippin. The Roxbury Russets ex- 
hibited by J. L. Tate received honorable mention, 
also the Bellflowers exhibited by John R. Guerrant. 
Hon. H. C. Wysor received a premium for the best 
package of apples. Dr. J. B. Emmerson had excel- 
lent Paraxon chestnuts on exhibition. 



3 904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



25 



The superiority of sprayed fruit over that un- 
spraved was very clearly marked in most cases. We 
noticed one or two exhibits, however, from orchards 
that had not been sprayed where the fruit showed up 
well. Rut the orchards may be growing in localities 
where the fruit parasites have not yet taken hold. I 
am still convinced that the advice I have frequently 
given in the Planter in regard to spraying is im- 
portant. To be most successful in fruit culture the 
orchardist must spray. 

There was some little lack of system in the way the 
exhibits were arranged, but the attention of the ex- 
hibitors was called to this by a member of the award- 
ing committee, and we expect a more systematic ex- 
hibit next year. 

The Society is in a flourishing condition. The 
proceedings are published in book form and every 
apple grower in the State should have a copy which 
he can obtain by becoming a member of the Society. 
There are able and wide-awake men in the Society. 
The character of work the Society is doing for the 
State is of a high order. R. H. Price. 

Montgomery county. 



ALBEMARLE PIPPINS. 

In our last issue we published an interesting com- 
munication from Mr. Cyrus T. Fox, the State Po- 
mologist of Pennsylvania, on the Virginia apple crop 
in which incidentally he claimed that the Albemarle 
and Newtown pippins were identical. We added a 
note to the article expressing a doubt of this identity. 
Mr. Eox has since published an article in the Read- 
ing (Pa.) Times upon the Virginia apple crop in 
which he discusses this point of identity. We ap- 
pend an extract from this article in which he gives 
his reason for believing the apples identical. We 
shall be fflad to hear from our local pomologists on 
this point. Our understanding of the subject is that 
these local authorities claim for the Albemarle Pip- 
pin that it is a distinct variety and that it is of local 
origin. Whether this be so or not it can undoubtedly 
be claimed that the Albemarle is a better apple than 
the Newtown, whether as a result of different origin j 
or different soil and climatic conditions of growth. 
The market endorses this view by the prices paid. 

"The leading apple of Virginia, on account of its 
productiveness, beautiful appearance and fine qual- 
ity, is the Albemarle pippin. It is grown largely in 
Albemarle county, from which it has derived its 
name. In a contribution by the writer of this article 
to The Soctuert? Plaxter. published in Richmond, 
Va., he was made to say "this variety rs undoubtedly 
identical with the Newtown pippin of the North," 



and Colonel lackson, the editor, added a brief note: 
"We doubt this identity." 

But the important word, "yellow," was omitted. 
There are two distinct Newtown pippins — the green 
and yellow. The former is known as Newtown pip- 
pin, pure and simple, and was placed by the eminent 
pomologist, Charles Downing, (with whom the writer 
corresponded until Mr. Downing's death) at the head 
of all apples. The Yellow Newtown pippin, to which 
in the writer's opinion, the Albemarle pippin bear3 
so close a resemblance as to be almost identical, is 
very much like the green Newtown, except as to color, 
and it is difficult to say which is the superior fruit. 
The Yellow is handsomer, and has a higher perfume 
than the Green. When fully ripe, it is yellow, with a 
rather lively red cheek and a smooth skin. The flesh 
is firm, crisp, jxiicy and possesses a rich and high 
flavor. And this description of the Yellow Newtown 
pippin exactly answers that of its Virginia cousin, 
the Albemarle pippin, if the latter is not its proto- 
type. 

The Albermarle pippin may be found in the mar- 
kets of the principal cities of the United States, but 
especially in those of Washington, Baltimore, Phila- 
delphia. New York, Boston. Pittsburg, Cincinnati, 
Chicago and St. Louis. Albemarle county is still the 
largest producer, and it was estimated that the ship- 
ments from that county this fall would exceed 
50,000 barrels. Other Virginia counties that grow 
the same variety largely are (mentioned in the order 
of their importance as to the number of barrels 
shipped) Frederick, Augusta, Warren. Fauquier, 
Wythe, Rockingham, Botetourt. Roanoke. Montgom- 
ery, Nelson and Culpeper. Each shipped to market 
this fall from 10,000 to 25,000 barrels, while large 
quantities were used at home for cider and vinegar, 
and stored for the winter and spring. 

To state some of the wonderful yields would lay 
the writer almost open to the charge of exaggeration, 
but the statements about to be made can all be proven. 
One grower in Roanoke county, twenty miles from 
the city of Roanoke, sold his crop of apples for 
$16,000. J. Coles Terry, of the Bent Mountain dis- 
trict, in the same county, has 4,500 acres at an ele- 
vation of 2,800 feet, where he is raising fruit very 
successfully. His orchards contain mostly Albe- 
marle pippin trees. From 25 acres he realized this 
fall $5,500 for the selected apples and there were 
still bushels of "culls" which were converted into 
cider and vinegar. Think of that, you wheat grow- 
ers, $220 per acre from apples. The product of thir- 
ty-six of Mr. Terry's best trees sold for $455. He 
exported some of his finest apples to Liverpool, ob- 
taining $1 1 per barrel." 



When corresponding with advertisers, kindly men- 
tion the Southern Planter. 



26 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[January 



Live Stock and Dairy. 



EFFECT OF FEED ON THE QUANTITY AND QUAL- 
ITY OF MILK. 

Editor Southern Planter. 

This is a very important subject, and for the sake 
of economical management every dairyman should 
be satisfied about it. It is a matter of dollars and 
cents. The simple fat tests now so well known enable 
the milk of any cow to be easily tested and its rich- 
ness positively settled. If it is true that better or 
different feeding will not permanently improve the 
richness of milk of a cow which gives a low. unsatis- 
factory test, it is folly to waste feed upon her at- 
tempting the impossible. Owners will be much more 
willing to dispose of cows proved by test to be giving 
poor milk, if fully convinced that no treatment will 
make this milk much better. It is therefore desira- 
ble to place the facts on this live question within the 
reach of as many owners of dairy cows as possible. 

There is a popular notion that fat can actually be 
fed into milk. Many dairymen claim that milk made 
from green food contains more water and less fat 
than that from dry food. "By close observation it has 
been found tbat the fat content is not diminished by 
turning cattle from dry feed to pasture. Eood con- 
taining a high percentage of water, as watery herbage 
or brewers' grains, tends to reduce the solids in milk. 
The explanation offered for this condition is based 
on the assumption of a more watery character of the 
blood, due to the excess of water in the food. A poor 
watery diet impoverishes the blood and leads to the 
production of watery milk. 

At the New York station the milk yield was found 
to decrease quite steadily from the time the cow is 
fresh, to about the middle of the lacteal period, after 
which it is quite constant. This shrinkage was quite 
uniform through the first feeding with a maximum 
protein ration hut more rapid during the last feed- 
ing when the protein-rich ration was diminished. 
The shrinkage in yield was accompanied by an in- 
crease in the percentage of fat and solids from 3.7 
per cent, and 12.9 per cent, respectively, at the be- 
ginning to 4 per cent and 13.7 per cent, at the end 
of the test. 

All cows shrink in quantity of milk as they get 
farther from calving. If they are farrow, this shrink- 
age in quantity is accompanied by almost no change 
in quality, even until they go dry, provided they are 
still farrow. If they are in calf, the milk increases 
in quality as it decreases in quantity; this increase 



is light, only one-twentieth during the first six 
months after calving, but becomes quite pronounced 
just before the cow goes dry. The milk of a cow the 
first few days or weeks after calving is very variable 
in quality. After a third or fourth week of lactation 
the percentage of fat in the milk remains nearly con- 
stant until the seventh or eighth month or until the 
quantity of milk begins rapidly to diminish.. Preg- 
nancy always has the effect of decreasing the flow, 
first due to a tendency of the body to take on flesh for 
a time after conception, and in a later period the nu- 
trition is utilized by the foetus. In this respect in- 
dividuals show the widest variation. With many the 
effect of again becoming pregnant is scarcely notice- 
able, and with others it is so great as to interfere 
with the usefulness of the animal. 

A cow bred or born to give rich milk will always 
give rich milk if she is fairly well fed and treated, 
with little regard to the kind and character of her 
food ; and if a cow starts out in life by giving milk 
poor in fat, no method of feeding and no kind of food 
will materially or permanently change the character 
of the milk. There is a tendency for the milk to have 
the same quality throughout the entire history of the 
animal, from a heifer to old age: that is, the heifer 
that gives milk of certain richness will not be apt to 
vary much from this quality as she increases in age. 
There may be a slight increase in the percentage of 
fat as age advances, but average figures show the 
whole variation to he only about one-sixth of 1 per 
cent. Age will influence the quantity of milk. From 
2 until -5 years there is a gradual increase in the 
quantity, after which time it remains about the same 
during the periods of activity, until the age of 11 or 
12 years, and then it decreases. 

In tests for short periods (ten days to three weeks) 
the results of experiments seem to be entirely consist- 
ent with the conclusion that scant feeding, or the feed- 
ing of unbalanced rations, exerts an entirely insig- 
nificant influence on the fat content of milk. The 
cows lost in weight, and in some cases there was a 
slight shrinkage in yield in milk, but the composition 
remained practically unchanged, indicating th«G it 
is the flesh of the animals that first declines when the 
food is insufficient. When in good condition a cow , 
will give her normal quality of milk at least for a 
limited time, even though the quality or quantity of 
her food is deficient. A heavy milker will take flesh 
or fat off her bodv in order to give her normal qual- 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



27 



ity of milk. In the case of long-continued, scanty, 
and poorly balanced feeding, it seems clearly estab- 
lished that the fat content of the milk may be mate- 
rially reduced below the normal. However, the fat 
content of milk cannot be increased at will by in- 
creasing a normal ration. The further addition of 
nutrients to a normal ration has little or no perma- 
nent effect upon the percentage of fat in the milk. 

The proportion of constituents in milk depends 
largely upon the kind of cow. Tt is impossible to 
make any perceptible change in the relation of solids 
to each other. For instance, if there is 3.5 per cent, 
casein, 4.7 per cent, sugar, and 4 per cent, of butter 
fat; there it stays right along. If it were not so, it 
would be easy to take a Holsteih and make a Jersey 
butter cow of her ; or very easy to take a Jersey and 
make a Holstein milk cow of her, if you could change 
the per cent. The percentage is practically fixed. 
Some cows give richer milk than others. This is be- 
cause they are bred so, and not because they are fed 
so. The Guernseys and Jerseys (often incorrectly 
called Alderneys) have the reputation of giving the 
richest milk. "But there is yet a great difference in 
this respect in individual cows, or perhaps rather in 
cow families. An animal may belong to the best of 
breeds and have a pedigree reaching over into the 
Old World but if it is not accompanied with individ- 
ual merit it is a thoroughbred scrub. 

The butter globules are largest in size early in 
the period of lactation and constantly diminish as 
lactation progresses ; at the same time they increase 
in number so that the total amount of fat is not great- 
ly changed. 

"While the food does not influence the amount of 
fat in the milk it does to a certain extent affect the 
character. Linseed meal, gluten meal, etc., make a 
soft fat while cotton seed meal, seeds of certain 
legumes and wheat bran make a hard fat. The hard- 
ness of butter seems to depend more upon the char- 
acter of the food than upon its nutritive ratio. The 
size of the fat globules and color vary with the breed. 

An increase in quantity and quality of milk over 
the present normal standard is to be looked for more 
from breeding than from feeding. 

Average per cent, of butter fat in milk from the 
different breeds: Jersey, 5.35; Guernsey, 5.16; De- 
von, 4.G0 ; Shorthorn, 4.05 ; Ayrshire, 3.6fi ; Holstein, 
3.42. Geo. H. 0. Williams. 

District of Columbia. 



Try copperas in drinking water as a preventive and 
cure for poultry cholera. 




A VISIT TO A RED POLL FARM. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Apropos of the very interesting editorial of last 
month on the Dual-Purpose cow with particular ref- 
erence to the Red Polls. I thought your readers might 
be interested in a brief account of a visit to the finest 
herd of Red Polls in the United States. 

Last August, after visiting some herds of Red Polls 
in Ohio, among which were some beautiful cattle, I 
turned my face towards Wisconsin. I had long heard 
of the uniform Red Poll cows, selected through years 
of careful study by that leading advocate of Red 
Polls, J. W. Martin. On enquiry I learned that 
Richland City was not a railroad station, so bought 
my ticket to Gotham. What a charming trip that 
was from Chicago to Gotham that fresh, bracing 
morning! I had just the day before left the dusty 
air and burnt fields of drought stricken Ohio And 
now I was speeding through green fields set here and 
there with silvery, shining gems of lakes. After get- 
ting beyond the crowded dairy section close to Chi- 
cago, cattle, sheep and hogs of the best types were 
seen at and around the comely farm houses marked 
in the distance by the flying wheels of windmills. If 
the vanes of these mills were painted red, white and 
blue, every farmhouse in Wisconsin would be flying 
the national colors. 

Well, the conductor too soon calls out Gotham. 
Looking out of the car window I see the big letters 
staring me in the face. I begin to wonder how far 
I will have to drive into the country to Richland City. 
I become the more anxious as rain begins to fall in 
torrents. When I reach the platform, I walk to the 
other end of the building, where I see a group of 
men. I ask how far it is to Richland City. An old 
farmer in yellow breeches and one leather "gallus" 
says, "You're right here at it," pointing with a wide 



28 



THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER. 



[January 



smile to the front of the building. I look up to see 
Eichland City on this end in letters just as big as 
Gotham was on the other. I had heard of cities 
straddling two States, but this is the first building I 
ever saw straddling two towns. I think when you 
are in the depot in Gotham, you have to go outside 
and walk fifty yards to enter the postoffice in Eich- 
land City. 

I found Mr. Martin's son-in-law, who had just be- 
come so that day, waiting to drive me out to the farm. 
I had just by chance struck the Martin farm on a 
wedding day, so I had plenty to interest me right in 
the house. It was growing late, so we spent the rest 
of the evening in the house, while it rained just hard 
enough outside to make it feel cosy inside. After the 
young people had retired, I sat until a very late hour 
enjoying Mr. Martin's stories about famous Eed 
Polls. I cuess no one could tell more interesting Eed 
Poll history than Mr. Martin. He has given up his 
life to the study and care of these cattle. It was 
beautiful the next day to see how his cattle loved him. 

The next morning we were off bright and early to 
see the cattle. Eirst, we visited the bull barn, where 
we found "Corporal" and "Ray," the herd bulls. 
Corporal had scented us, and long before we reached 
the barn he was roaring like thunder. He is the boss 
of the place, Mr. Martin excepted, and he thinks he 
has a right to object to strangers. I think I never 
saw =uch a muscular animal. The muscles on his 
shoulders and thighs stand out like great pillars. He 
is purposely kept in rather thin flesh and looks not 
quite so smooth as some and shows a rather high tail 
bone, but he has a body of wonderful rotundity and 
a girth that is remarkable for a bull of his size. He 
has proved himself a great sire and Mr. Martin is 
perfectly willing to keep him. as lone as he lives, at 
the head of his herd. This spraks volumes for Cor- 
poral. Ray is a bull of deep, broad body,' wonderful 
scale and is very smooth. He has none of the spirit 
and power of Corporal and shows a sluggish disposi- 
tion. 

We were then off across the blue 'sr-.^^ pastures in 
see the wonderful cow herd. I never saw such 
growthy, luscious blue irniss. Tt, m*ade our West Vir- 
ginia blue erass look tame This had had the ad- 
vantage of a wonderful s<. ; ...<,|i. 

WV'U we topped the hill and looked down across 
the rolling pastures on thai herd of cows, T thoughl 
that such a sirrhf could not nnvwhere in this country 
compare with it. The two things that improved me 
about, this herd was the surpassinc beauty of the in- 
dividual powa and the striking uniformity of the herd. 
Tn Ohio T missed uniformity. Tt seemed that the 



breeders had all sorts of type. No man knew just 
what he was breeding for. Mr. Martin had one kind 
and to say that it is the good kind would be putting 
it lightly. Mr. Martin, with rare exceptions, will 




not keep a Eed Eoll in his herd that shows no milk- 
ing qualities. I was surprised to see a few poor 
milkers, after I had learned his plan of breeding Eed 
Polls. I guess he has secrets in his business that 
some of us can't learn. The type of cow there is sim- 
ply the ideal. These Eed Poll cows have the milking 
powers of the dairy cows with none of their roughness 
and none of the peculiar features of the dairy type 
that would strike the attention of the ordinary ob- 
server. They have wonderful udders, are large and 
comely and are the most beautiful of all cows in color. 
Tn one pasture, where Mr. Martin had about sixty 
head of cows I noticed that with the exception of 
three, the cows were of a dark red color with no spot 
of white save the brush of the tail. The color was 
very uniform. Most of them were a very dark red 
and some were a lovely cherry red. All were much 
alike in type and color. The three mentioned as ex- 
ceptions were much lighter and spoiled somewhat the 
uniformity of the herd. I question very much if one 
could see such wonderful cows anywhere in America. 
You might find some "herds that show more beef and 
are more perfect in form, but when you consider all 
that makes a useful, profitable cow and throw in in- 
dividual beauty, I venture to say that Mr. Martin's 
herd will carry off the sweepstakes. 

You would like to know about the performance of 
iliese Eed Poll cows. I have only to refer you to the 
records of the International last year and this year, 
where cows from this very herd have shown the phe- 
nomenal records that establish beyond a doubt their 
claim as the most profitable farmer's cow. Last year 
a Shorthorn cow pushed up to second place in the 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



29 



farmer's class, but was led by Beatrice, a Red Poll, 
whose record showed 337.8 pounds butter fat in 330 
days and her calf at ten months weighed 710 pounds. 
This calf I saw last summar and I thought him as 
good as most shorthorns. He was pronounced better 
than the shorthorn steer from the cow that stood next 
to Beatrice. This Red Poll steer was shown at Chi- 
cago this year, but was placed second in his class, 
showing that he was not best among Red Polls. 

This year Mr. Martin's cow. Duchess of Wiscon- 
sin, as pretty a cow as a man could want to own, 
shows the following great record: 9.960 pounds of 
milk in 315 days, 444.15 pounds of butter for same 
time, her calf at 315 days weighed 790 pounds. The 
cow that stood next to her was a Red Poll and it 
seems that no breed is able to dispute the right of the 
Reel Poll to be called the true Farmer's Cow. A visit 
to this Red Poll Earm will answer the charge gen- 
erally laid at their door, that they lack uniformity 
and they don't combine milk and beef in same in- 
dividuals. H. B. Arbucexe. 

Maxv:eUo?i. W. Va. 



WINTERING OF RAMS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

More mistakes are made in the feeding and hand- 
ling of rams during the winter season than in the 
feeding and handling of any other kind of live stock. 
On account of the hard service through which rams 
must pass in the fall months, when they are neces- 
sarily prevented from grazing regularly, they come 
up to the winter in a run down condition. Not in the 
same degree is this true of any other males on the 
farm. When a ram once starts down hill you wont 
have to push him to keep him going. If you let him 
alone and do nothing to stop him, he will surely go 
all the way down. 

Then, the first thing I would suggest would be the 
early feeding of rams. During the latter portion of 
of the breeding season they should be removed from 
the ewes in the daytime and be given a liberal diet 
of oats. You say this is too much trouble. Well, it 
is trouble that pays big. This grain ration should 
he kept up right through the winter, but varied a lit- 
tle from oats to bran, then from bran to mixture of 
->ats and bran, then from this mixture to mixture of 
bran and corn, then back again to oats and so on, so 
as to give some variety in the feed. Never feed an 
exclusive corn ration to rams. This matter of chang- 
ing grain feed is more important than most persons 
think. How would you like to have corn dodgers set 
before you for three meals a day through two or three 



months 9 - Corn dodgers and milk would come very 
near furnishing you a balanced diet, but you can't 
make me believe you would thrive on it. In Decem- 
ber you must begin feeding roots or cabbage once a 
day to your rams. Cabbage is excellent feed. Oil 
meal should be added occasionally to the grain ra- 
tion. This is their butter and if you would follow 
your own tastes you would give them just a little at 
every meal, but very little. For roughage, clover 
hay and bright corn fodder can't be beaten. Cowpeas 
are fine for sheep, but unfortunately few farmers 
have this form of roughage. 

If rams are fed this way they will come through 
tha winter not poor and haggard, looking seedy and 
worthless, as most farmers' rams look, but will be 
muscular, active, and in fine spirits. They will get 
better lambs for you the next fall and will pay you 
well for your trouble. 

Now, I have two more matters to bring to your at- 
tention. First, the importance of feeding rams sep- 
arately. No sheep are as apt to be fastidious and 
irregular about eating as rams in the early winter. It 
seems that they are turned upside down by their fall 
service, are fretful, inclined to fight, and in every 
Avay not suited to regular feeding. You often find 
a ram that wont touch grain for two or three days. 
If rams are fed in the same trough, it will be very 
easy for the hungry ones to push these disspirited 
fellows aside and then the best eaters will get too 
much, while the others get none. 

This led us at Edgewood Farm to construct a spe- 
cial ram shed, the plan of which I could draw for 
you, but suffice it to say here that it has the feed 
trough through the centre and has small stalls twenty 
inches wide on one side of the trough. Each stall 
has a light door which falls down behind the rams as 
they enter. These doors can very easily be worked 
by the feeder who stands in front of the trough. Thus 
each ram can go to his stall and be fed as the shep- 
herd thinks best. This enables one to distribute feed 
according to the individual tastes of his rams. It is 
best within certain limits to feed a sheep or any ani- 
mal the food it prefers. After the grain ration the 
rams are allowed to come around to the hay racks. 

The other matter was about fighting rams, but I 
will defer this to another time. 

Maxweltnv , W. Vo. H. B. Arbuckxe. 



BERKSHIRES AT THE CHICAGO INTERNATIONAL. 

TITE FAT BARROW ANT) BACON CLASSES. 

At the Chicago International Live Stock Exposi- 
tion (undoubtedly the greatest exhibit of fat stock in 
the world) the entries of pure bred hogs in the breed- 



30 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



ers classes have been very light during the last two 
years, as in spite of every precaution taken by the 
management there is too much danger from cholera 
for a breeder to risk first class stock. It is therefore 
very gratifying to see each year more interest in the 
classes for fat barrows, carload-lots, and bacon hogs 
of any breed. 

At the show "just closed this month the Berkshires 
made a great record. The champion pen of fat bar- 
rows any age and weight was won by Berkshires 
shown by the Iowa Agricultural College. The pen 
of fat barrows of export bacon type was won by the 
Minnesota Experiment Station, both first and second 
prizes going to their exhibits of the Berkshire breed. 
The carload lot was not awarded to the Berkshires, 
but among the exhibits a lot of Berkshires averaging 
210 pounds at 7 montlis old sold at an average of 
$4.90 per cwt. (5c. higher than the champion lot) 

It is interesting to note in connection with this that 
at the Birmingham (England) Fat Stock Show, just 
closed, both first and second prizes for the best pen of 
pigs went to Berkshires. At the Edinburgh (Scot- 
land) Fat Stock Show this December the champion 
pen was also of Berkshires. London Fat Stock Show 
has not yet been heard from. 

The demands of the packer and the feeder must 
always be the foundation of the breeders efforts, asd 
the results of this open competition in the fat and 
bacon classes should always be watched with interest 
and are bound to furnish valuable food for thought. 



SALEOFHEREFORDS. 

Messrs. Giltner Bros., of Eminence, Ky., who are 
advertising a sale of ITerefords in our columns, re- 
port that the second ear of Hereford cattle shipped to 

Auburn arrived 



and 



are 
being inocu- 



safely 
now 

lated for the sale. 
This gives sixty 
registered ani- 
mals and ten high 
grades for the 
sale. All are do- 
ing well and have 
fully developed 
ticks on them which is the final test of innoculation. 
In this sale are included about ten of the best 
Acrobat heifers in calf to Imported Britisher, cham- 
pion bull of England and America. This Acrobat- 
Britisher cross represents the blending of the blood 



of two of the greatest bulls that ever lived and should 
produce something wonderful for "Like produces 
like." 

The catalogs will be out about January 1st and 
Messrs. Giltner will be glad to send it all inquirers. 
In this catalog they have given a short history of 
Herefords and should think with its handsome illus- 
trations that it would prove of interest to all. 

Southerners wanting to buy the best blood of the 
North will find this an unexcelled opportunity to get 
the best with the danger from tick fever eliminated. 

Sale date is Februarv 17, 1904. 



DAIRY WISDOM. 

Raise the calves by hand and substitute vegetable 
fat in the form of ground flax-seed jelly, and later 
corn meal, etc., in connection with skim milk, for the 
butter fat in the whole milk. 

Know which cow is not earning her feed and dis- 
pose of her. 

Brush with a brush or wipe with a damp cloth the 
udder and flank before milking. Twenty to 30 times 
as much dirt falls in the milk from the unbrushed, 
unwashed udder as from the washed one. 

Milk with dry hands. 

Don't allow the milk to stand in the barn. 

Don't use a so-called dilution separator ; set a can 
of milk into cold water, but don't mix water and milk. 
An eighth to a third of the butter fat is often lost by 
diluting the milk with water. 

Don't mix sweet and sour cream less than 12 hours 
before churning. 

Own and use a dairy thermometer — cost 25 to 50 
cents — it will save many times its cost, if it is used 
and the cream is churned at the right temperature. 
They may be had from any dairy supply house and 
very often from the local druggist. They should be 
all glass. The cheaper ones are not always accurate 
and should therefore be compared with a reliable one. 

Salt by weight or measure — not by guess. 

Wash the butter milk out. 

Don't overwork the butter ; it injures the texture. 

Have a butter worker; it saves labor and helps 
quality. 

Put butter in rectangular prints, (they are more at- 
tractive and pack better). 

Use parchment paper, not wax paper. 

Use dairy salt; not table or cheap barrel salt. — 
Bulletin Ind. Exp. Sta. 



Remember to sign all communications intended for 
publication with your own name and address, not 
necessarily for publication if not desired, but as evi- 
dence to us of good faith. 



1904.] 



TIIE SOTTTHEKN PLANTEK. 



31 



The Poultry Yard 



BUFF ORPINGTONS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Among the new breeds of poultry none has come so 
rapidly to the front as Orpingtons. Up to two years 
ago they were hardly known, and not then admitted 
to the standard. They can now be found in almost 
every county, and if their good qualities were more 
widely known, they would rapidly take the place of 
the older and more common breeds. They are a com- 
bination of three breeds — Dorking, Hamburg and 
Buff Cochin — and carry more good points than any 
one of these. They originated in England, where, 
up to four years ago, they were raised exclusively. 
America took up the breed, and is now taking the 
blue ribbon at all shows over the English breeders. 

The Buff Orpington has clean, pink legs, a beauti- 
ful golden buff plumaage, and carry themselves in 
royal style. They are the finest winter layers, broil- 
ers, grow rapidly, and the dressed Orpington, young 
or old, is surpaassed by no fowl for table use. The 
hens make the very best of mothers, and are not per- 
sistent sitters. Hens weigh 6 to 8 pounds; males, 
9 to 11. 

They do well in pens, and show themselves con- 
tented even in close quarters. In the Australian egg 
laying contest, where 40 pens of pullets contested, 
Orpingtons showed their superiority for egg profit 
by winning over all competitors, and the older breeds, 
under exactly same conditions, fell short from 
30 to 33 J per cent. Andalusians and Minorcas came 
last, with Leghorns and Wyandotte? close to them. 
Farmers and poultry men generally would do well to 
look up this excellent breed, and bear in mind that 
profit here is worth the time spent in investigation. 
The writer of this has been raising Buff Orpingtons 
three years, and can find no fault with them. He 
has no stock for sale. F. C. 

Mecklenburg Co., Va. 



CO-OPERATIVE EXPERIMENTS IN THE COST OF 
PRODUCING EGGS. 

In a former issue we published the results of a 
series of experiments made in 1901-1902 in New 
York State, under the supervision of the Experiment 
Station at Cornell, in the cost of producing eggs on a 
large scale, with the average flocks of poultry kept by 
farmers in that State. These experiments were con- 
tinued during 1902-1903, and we have now received 



a report on these later trials. Commenting on the 
whole experiment, the Director of the Experiment 
Station says : 

In the first series of records, 1901-1902, more than 
2,100 egg-laying fowls were under test, in the second, 
1902-1903, more than 3,100, making altogether up- 
wards of 5,200 birds that have been carefully watched 
and their performance recorded. These records are 
primarily of interest to the poultryman, although the 
general conclusions should appeal to the entire agri- 
cultural community. 

A most instructive feature of these records is the 
immense range in the cost of producing eggs — a 
range that runs practically from six cents to six dol- 
lars the dozen. On examination, it is found that this 
remarkable range is not correlated closely with breed, 
character of building, or kind and quantity of food, 
although all these factors have an influence. One 
cause of this difference seems to be a difference in the 
hens themselves — some hens are good layers and some 
poor layers, as some apple trees are good bearers and 
some poor bearers. What the reason is for this dif- 
ference in what we call individuality, we do not 
know; but it is probable that individual fowls may 
stamp their capabilities on their progeny as mark- 
edly as individual cows may transmit good or bad 
milking qualities. At all events, it is not sufficient 
that the poultryman pay attention to housing and 
feeding alone. He must also give attention to 
breeding, choosing hatching eggs from parents of 
known performance. This subject is now to be in- 
vestigated. 

The summary shows that with all the 5,200 fowls, 
the average daily production during thirty-four weeks 
was one egg to nearly five birds. The average cost 
of all the eggs (151,615 in number) was about one 
and one-half cents each. 

In the seventeen weeks from December 1, 1901, to 
March 29, 1902, and in the similar period of 1902- 
1903, in 29 flocks representing ten owners and 5,200 
fowls, the average daily production of eggs was 22.8 
per 100 fowls. 

During the same period the average food cost of 
one dozen eggs was nearly eighteen (.177) cents. 
The flocks that laid most eggs during December and 
January laid most eggs also in March. 

The egg production of pullets was notably in ex- 
cess of that of hens particularly in the earlier periods 
when the price of eggs was highest. 

The average cost of feeding 100 hens for 17 weeks 
was $35.33. " 

The average value of product exceeded the cost of 
food by $16.13 per 100 fowls. 



32 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



The Horse. 



[January 



NOTES. 

The racing season of 1903 was a most successful 
one, and the attendance at the Metropolitan track sur- 
passed that of any year in turf history. A number 
of good horses were brought into prominence, among 
them being Waterboy, McChesney, Hermis, Afri- 
cander. Hamburg Belle,. Irish Lad,*Dick Welles, and 
others. The cross country performers were also well 
represented. The latter division was headed by the 
Virginia bred horse, Land of Clover, a bay .gelding, 
foaled 1897 and sired by Flatlands, dam Lucky 
Clover, by Bersan, a product of _ the Fort Chiswell 
stud of J. H. McGavock, Max Meadows, where the 
sire and dam are owned. Land of Clover earned the 
title of our champion steeplechaser by winning the 
great $10,000 steeplechase at Morris Park, New 
York, last October, when, with 167 pounds on his 
back, he defeated the best horses in training, among 
them the well-known performer, Self Protection, win- 
ner of tli is event in 1902, and who was once regarded 
as a likely candidate for English Grand National 
honors. The son of Flatlands is credited with win- 
ning $1G,000, his nearest competitor being the Cali- 
fornia bred horse, Lavator. Among other Virginia 
bred horses that were good enough to win on the big 
tracks were Imperialist, Charawind, Eoprone. Ed. 
Adack, Paul Aker and Arius. 

& J* J* 

Kelly, 2 :27, son of Electioneer, and famous thor- 
oughbred Esther, dam of four in list, by Express, will 
be in the stud of W. I. Carter during the season of 
1904 at Richmond, Va., and indications are that 
some of the best mares in the State will be sent to the 
conrt of the elegant bay stallion. Kelly himself 
could show two minute speed at the trot, and his full 
sister, Expressive, 2:12 1, was the greatest three year 
old trotter and race winner the world has ever seen. 
Put few of the get of this blood-like, handsome son of 
Kloctioneer have been trained, but all of them have 
speed, good looks and level heads. He has sired 
McChesney, 2 :1 Of, and other winners. Kelly will 
stand at the moderate fee of $25. and approved mares 
of rich breeding are being booked to him. 
.41 Jf & 

The bay colt, Genteel, three years old, by Gam- 
betta Wilkes, 2 :19}, dam Lena, by Manbrino Startle, 
i~ doing well in the stable of his owner, M. E. Hick- 
son, of Lynchburg, Va. He is a full brother to the 
fast mare, Naretta, 2:244. Last season, in his two 
year old form. Mr. Hickson drove this colt a mile to 
cart over the half mile track at Lynchburg in 2 :39 £. 
Genteel will be bred to a few mares in the spring, and 
ihen go regularly into training again. His sire, 



Gambetta Wilkes, ranks as the leading sire of stand- 
ard performers for 1902, as twenty-six of his get en- 
tered the list. Another distinction and a much 
greater one, too, I think, is that Gambetta Wilkes 
is now the leading sire of 2 :10 performers, having 12 
of his sons and daughters in that select coterie. 

s^w t£» t£* 

Wealth, 2 :10, the handsome brown stallion, by 
Gambetta Wilkes, 2 :19j, out of Magnolia, by Nor- 
folk, is in winter quarters at the farm of his owner, 
Col. W. H. Chapman, near Gordonsville, Va., and 
doing finely. The fast son of Gambetta Wilkes was 
shipped home after the close of the Memphis meet- 
ing last fall and it is Col. Chapman's intention to re- 
tire him permanently to the stud. Wealth paced to 
his record at Memphis under adverse conditions and 
finished well up in heats that were faster than his 
record in a race. Wealth was bred by General Julian 
S. Carr, of Durham, N. C, who owned the dam, 
Magnolia, and bred her to Kremlin, 2 :07f and other 
sires in addition to Gambetta Wilkes. 
o» J* j* 

The Charlottesville Htmt Club was recently organ- 
ized at Charlottesville, Va., and starts out with good 
prospects. Application has been made to the State 
Corporation Commission for a charter. Several suc- 
cessful hunts have been held by this club and keen, 
exhilarating sport was furnished those who followed 
the hounds. The officers elected for the first year are 
as follows : President, Col. Henry M. Lewis ; Vice- 
President, Willson Chamberlain ; Secretary and 
Treasurer, Joel M. Cochran: M. F. H, William 
Garth. These gentlemen along with J. A. Chisholm, 
Charles H. Moore and George B. Goodyear, consti- 
tute the Board of Governors. 

fc?* (5* t£* 

The thoroughbred stallion Cherry wood, full broth- 
er to Morello, owned by Harry C. Beattie at Bloom- 
ingdale Farm, has developed into a stoutly made, 
handsome horse and is likely to sire race horses if 
given a chance in the stud. Mr. Beattie thinks of 
sending the brown son of Eolus and Cerise to Ken- 
tucky for the season of 1904 in order that better op- 
portunities may be accorded him than are likely to 
be obtained in this section. 

(£* ^w £m 

Mr. Samuel, one of the largest real estate owners 
in Virginia and a breeder of fine horses and fancy 
cattle at Oak Hill Farm, Wenonda, Pittsylvania 
county, has recently purchased and added to his stud 
the thoroughbred mare Wanda. She has a nice year- 
ling by imp. Potentate and is again in foal to him. 

Broad Rock. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



33 



Miscellaneous. 



Something Badly Needed in the Country at Large— 
To-wit. Local Dealers in (Unmixed) Agricultural 
Chemicals. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Do we live in an age of progress, or do we not? 
Are chemical fertilizers a necessity to be employed 
by the many, or simply a luxury to be enjoyed by the 
few? If they are an actual necessity, and we fully 
believe that in thousands of instances they are, why 
not place them within reasonably easy reach of those 
they are calculated to benefit ? After an extended 
tour of the rural districts of almost the entire South, 
and conversations innumerable with hundreds of the 
most progressive, up-to-date and wide-awake farm- 
ers and planters of this section, we have no hesitation 
in making the assertion that enormous as the sale of 
commercial fertilizers, in the aggregate, may now 
appear to be, the amount sold would easily be doubled, 
trebled or even quadrupled, if the soil tillers of this 
broad land could but get what they needed and want- 
ed, and at the time they needed and wanted it The 
terms nitrogen, potash and phosphoric acid have, to 
all truly progressive farmers, become as familiar as 
household words ; they know what they are, whence 
derived, and what they are good for; but, unfortu- 
nately for them, and unlike any and every other 
article of commerce, when the farmer undertakes 
their purchase he finds so many obstructions and re- 
strictions thrown in his way that he has to either give 
it up in disgust or buy something he neither wants 
nor needs. For quite a number of years the farmers 
of the interior have been acquainted with the fact 
that when purchasing any of the salts of potash, it 
could be purchased in the form of muriate cheaper 
than it could in any other form, this latter agent con- 
taining at least one-half its weight, or 50 per cent, 
pure potash ; thpy are also acquainted with the fact 
that kainit contains but 12 per cent., or just 12 
pounds of pure potash in each 100 pounds, and that 
in paying the freight on same from the seaboard to 
the interior they are paying freight on 88 pounds of 
comparatively useless material in each 100, or 1.760 
pounds in each ton; we say, they know this, and they 
know likewise that they cannot afford it; but what 
are they going to do about it ? How are they going 
to help themselves ? 'Tis true the dealer quotes mu- 
riate of potash as for sale among his other wares, 
but what matters his quoting it if he has not got it, 
and tries to put one off with some complete mixture 
of his own make? Why is this? Are the profits 
greater on hi3 mixture than on the muriate? What- 
ever be the reason, the fact remains the same, the 
complete fertilizer with little potash is omnipresent. 



while the muriate is invariably conspicuous for its ab- 
sence. So, also, the sulphate, which, by the way, has 
proven superior and given better and more imme- 
diately beneficial results with us than has even the 
muriate, is actually scarcer and harder to come at 
than is the muriate. 

There are probably some of our readers who think, 
and with some show of reason on their side, too, that 
"fertilizers don't pay," and that "there is too much 
of them used already," to both of which assertions we 
are both ready and willing to subscribe a hearty 
"Amen." "Fertilizers don't pay" when used blindly, 
ignorantly, indiscriminately and without either dis- 
cretion or judgment; and as there is quite a large 
amount annually used in this manner, to that extent 
it were better for the country, better for the user, and 
even better for the manufacturer, if less instead of 
more had been used. But, while this is true, it is 
also true that, judiciously used, they are one of the 
sources of greatest profit to the user thereof, and 
within reasonable bounds, the more one can use to 
advantage the greater the profit accruing therefrom. 
Many farmers ptirchase a low grade fertilizer because 
it can be obtained at a comparatively low price per 
ton, but the fact should be borne in mind that low 
ton prices mean either low content of good forms of 
plant food or the use of poorer forms. Fertilizer, 
high grade both in quality and quantity of plant food, 
cannot be purchased at a low price per ton. In pur- 
chasing low grade goods one is paying freight on a 
mass of useless material. ISTot only is there a loss 
from this cause, but homeopathic doses of a low grade 
fertilizer merely act as a stimulant, forcing the crops 
to an overgrowth, hence resulting in a more speedy 
impoverishment of the soil than would have been the 
case had no fertilizers been employed. Many deal- 
ers handle those brands, and only those that give them 
the greatest immediate profit, utterly regardless of 
their adaptability to the soil or crops of that imme- 
diate section, and even after they are purchased by the 
soil tiller, they are in far too many instances applied 
to all crops and all soils alike. It is needless for us 
to say that where their employment proves profitable 
under these circumstances it is merely the result of 
accident, and not of good judgment. On our small 
farm of but 220 acres we have five or more distinct 
classes of soil, each demanding different combina- 
tions of fertilizing agents, widely different forms, 
too, for best results, as well as widely varying quan- 
tities, and this regardless of crops to be grown there- 
on. ~No scientist, much less a fertilizer manufac- 
turer, 1,000 or even 500 or 250 or 100 miles from 
here, could possibly devise a formula that would suit 



34 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



our farm. No two or three, or even four, formulas 
would answer. What folly, then, it would be to 
limit one's self to one : and how much better it would 
be, how much more sensible and business-like to get 
the ingredients at first hand, at first cost, and mix 
at home a fertilizer adapted to the soil to which it is 
to be applied, and also to the needs of the special crop 
to be grown thereon. We are far from opposing the 
fertilizer manufacturer or "mixer," their facilities 
for mixing are undoubtedly better than can be found 
on the ordinary farm ; but it does look to us that un- 
less they exact from their customers exorbitant 
charges for this self same mixing, it would be just 
as profitable for them to sell the unmixed goods. 
The extra profit is bound to be in the mixing, or in 
the substitution of poorer forms of plant food ; if the 
former, the farmer can do as well, if not better (for 
reasons given above), himself; while, if the latter, 
as "the best is none too good," we would favor boy- 
cotting the manufacturer. Eraiids of that descrip- 
tion are of altogether too common occurrence, as evi- 
denced by the fertilizer inspection bulletins of the 
various States. Take the State of North Carolina, 
for instance. In 1898, '"'of 823 brands registered in 
the State, 531 of which were analyzed, one out of 
every four and one-fifth of the whole number ana- 
lyzed fell below its guarantee in some ingredient. 
Of the superphosphates with potash, one brand in 
every seven and one-half fell below guarantee in 
available phosphoric acid : one in every four and one- 
half in potash, and one in nearly every three in 
available phosphoric acid and potash. 

Of the so-called "complete" fertilizers, one in every 
nine and a fraction fell below guarantee in available 
phosphoric acid ; one in nearly every twelve in am- 
monia ; one in every ten and one-third in potash ; and 
one in about three and one-half in either available 
phosphoric acid, ammonia or potash." 

It would be a very unskilful workman who could 
not have done as well or better, and with no better 
implements than shovel and hoe on a tight barn floor. 
But by far the major portion of these brands fell off 
in valuation, yet the farmers of the State footed the 
bill, cheerfully, we suppose, because ignorantly. In 
this instance, at least "ignorance was bliss." We 
mav be 25 or 50 or 100 years ahead of the progres- 
sive age in which we live, but sooner or later the time 
i- bound to come when the American farmer will as- 
sert himself anr] purcbase his phosphoric acid or 
potash and even nitrogen, when needed, at his own 
county seat, the same as he now purchases his soda, 
sugar and coffee. What is to hinder? Each sepa- 
rate article entering into the composition of a com- 
mercial fertilizer is already an article of commerce, 
and has a certain definite value as such. The trade 
in them should be unrestricted, as free for one as for 
another. G. H. Tctivkr. 

Burgess, Miss. 



MILK PRODUCTION OF BREEDS COMPARED. 

Tn a recent visit to England the writer had the 
pleasure of seeing some of the grand cattle on the 
estate of Lord Rothschild at Tring Park near Lon- 
don. This estate while conducted at a profit as an in- 
vestment also carries on some work of an experi- 
mental nature. 

Three herds of pure-bred cattle, Jersey, Red Poll 
and Shorthorn, are maintained in a comparison of 
the three breeds in the production of milk. The 
milk is sold at wholesale in London, bringing 15 cents 
per gallon in summer and 20 cents in winter. The 
handling and feeding of the herds are very similar. 
The usual custom is to feed three pounds of cake per 
head in -the summer on grass and five pounds in the 
winter with mangels and hay. The yields of milk 
for the three herds for last year were as follows : 

31 Jerseys averaged 6,304 pounds per head. 

41 Red Polls averaged 6,383 pounds per head. 

25 Shorthorns averaged 6,833 pounds per head. 

The best individual record in each herd was : 

Joyful, Jersey, 9,865 pounds: Rosette, Red Poll, 
1.0.392 pounds; Reverend 4th, Shorthorn, 10,573 
pounds. Selecting the best records, five Jerseys gave 
45,307, five Red Polls 48,022 and five Shorthorns 
49,145 pounds of milk. Ten Jerseys gave 82,044, 10 
Red Polls 87,419 and 10 Shorthorns 87,769 pounds' 
of milk. 

These figures cover the 12 months and include 
the periods of varying length when the animals were 
dry. 

The individual records of some of the cows cover- 
ing several years are no less interesting. Among 
the Jerseys Sultane 14th averaged for eight years 
9,122 pounds of milk and Fleurie for four years 
8,763 pounds. Of the Red Polls Rosette averaged 
for nine years 9,925 pounds of milk and Faith for six 
years 9,292 pounds. With the Shorthorns Reverend 
4th averaged during five years 9,708 pounds of milk 
and Lady Rosedale during four years 8,981 pounds. 

The milk from these herds is sold at a uniform 
price regardless of the fat per cent., and unfortunate- 
ly no estimates are obtainable of the butter yield. It 
is fair to assume, however, that for butter-making 
the Jersey milk should obtain a credit for a higher 
percentage yield. The bull calves from the Jersey 
herd not sold for breeding purposes were vealed 
while those of the Red Poll and Shorthorn herds were 
reared and fattened as steers. On this score a credit 
should be added to the two latter breeds. 

The foregoing results would indicate that the profit 
of a milking breed depends to some extent on the 
market for more than one product of the herd. 

D. W. Mat. 
Kentucky Experiment Station. 

— Breeders Gazette. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER 



3o 



THE BR0WNL0W GOOD ROADS BILL 



An Incentive to Local Action. 



Interests of the Government Well Guarded. 



One objection that has been urged against the ap- 
propriation of money by the government to aid in 
road building is that the members of Congress would 
engage in such turmoil and unseemly strifes as are 
now witnessed in securing appropriations for rivers 
and harbors. This could not be the case under the 
Brownlow bill, for it provides that no State shall re- 
ceive in aid of road construction out of any money 
appropriated for that purpose a greater proportion 
of the total amount appropriated than its population 
bears to the total population of the United States. 
To illustrate: If $20,000,000 should be appropriated, 
Maassachusetts would receive, approximately, $735,- 
000; Alabama, $497,000; Tennessee, $524,000; 
Michigan, $634,000, and Maryland, $311,000. 

However much work may be done by either of 
these States, it could not receive more than its pro- 
portion of the amount appropriated. Nor could any 
community in the several States complain of another 
for trying to secure the premium offered by the gov- 
ernment in taking prompt and effective action in 
raising local funds to meet the requirements of the 
government. It would be a contest not between 
States, but between different counties of the same 
State, or between different stib-divisions or townships, 
but the bill makes it impossible that there could be 
contests between the States themselves. 

This bill is well guarded also as to the expenditure 
of the money appropriated by the government. Ap- 
plication must first be made by the officers having 
jurisdiction of the public roads in any State or 
county or district to the director of the bureau of 
• public roads for co-operation in the construction of 
a public highway. After the application is made 
with the required resolution, the director of the 
bureau of public roads must have the route investi- 
gated to determine whether such a proposed road 
would be of sufficient importance to receive national 
aid. If it should be approved by the director upon 
investigation, then maps are to be prepared, plans 
and specifications made, the width of the road deter- 
mined, together with an estimate of its cost. 

A second application, with resolution, is then made 
by the local authorities and filed with the director, in 
which assurance is given that such road or a section 
thpreof shall be constructed according to the pro- 
visions of the act. The director then advertises for 
bids for the construction of the road, and the con- 
tract is awarded to the lowest responsible bidder, or 
it may be awarded to the State or county or sub- 
division. The director mav then issue his warrant 



on the Treasurer of the United States, but his war- 
rant shall not be in excess of 80 per cent, of the work 
performed, and in all cases the government shall hold 
back 20 per cent, until the entire work has been fin- 
ished. 

To any one who will study closely the provisions 
of the Brownlow bill it will be apparent that the in- 
terests of the government have been well protected in 
every particular. The value of the bill is the bene- 
flcient influence it will exert upon local action. Ex- 
perience has shown that something is necessary to 
stimulate local effort in the matter of road building. 
The history of the construction of roads in all Euro- 
pean countries shows that no good, permanent free 
roads have ever been built by local assessments or 
taxation. 

We would strongly urge that petitions should b© 
got up and sent to the Senators and Congressmen of 
the South urging the passing of the Brownlow bill, 
and these should be followed up by letters to those 
gentlemen asking them to vote for the bill and work 
for its passage. — En. 



SPRAYS FOR SAN JOSE SCALE. 

The control of this insect in orchards is a problem 
of considerable importance to many fruit growers in 
this State. It not only interests those who are un- 
fortunate enough to have the scale already established 
on their trees, but also others who are more or less ex- 
posed to danger of infestation. We have been con- 
ducting a series of experiments the past summer for 
the purpose of determining by practical tests the rela- 
tive value of different methods of preparing a lime- 
sulphur wash, and we have also endeavored to test the 
efficacy of prolonged boiling, the value of salt in the 
wash and other modifications. We have had most 
excellent results in using a lime-sulphur wash consist- 
ing of 25 pounds of lime and 20 pounds of sulphur 
to 60 gallons of water. The lime added, a sufficient 
quantity of water is brought nearly to a boil in a ket- 
tle, and while the slaking is in operation the sulphur 
is put in and the whole well stirred, in order to take 
advantage of the heat generated by the slaking lime. 
This assists materially in bringing the sulphur into 
solution, and we then find it necessary to boil the com- 
bination but 30 minutes. 

Our experiments indicate that a wash prepared in 
this way gives exactly as good results as though differ- 
ent proportions of lime and sulphur were used, salt, 
added, or the boiling prolonged for 1 J or 2 hours, as is 
usually insisted upon in most formulas. The bene- 
ficial results obtained last spring -from the applica- 
tions of this wash cannot be doubted, since the treated 
trees were almost free from the pest, while untreated 
ones became nearly covered with scale before the end 
of the season. This was true not onlv of different 



36 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



trees, but also of sprayed and unsprayed halves of the 
same tree. It certainly looks as though this combina- 
tion could be relied on to do good work in a great 
many cases, and while it is a troublesome mixture to 
prepare and an extremely disagreeable one to apply, 
it has the advantage of being cheap and can be made 
by almost any one. It is also less dangerous to the 
trees, in our opinion, than the 20 per cent, mechan- 
ical crude oil emulsion. 

This latter has also given good results in the Hud- 
son River Valley, and I advise growers to reject 
neither, but test both if they care to do so. The oil, I 
believe to be slightly injurious to the trees ; yet, after 
four years of successive application to various pear 
and peach trees, I have been unable to detect any 
very marked injury which could be attributed to it. 
I have, however, observed enlargment of the lenticels, 
followed by a distinct roughening and thickening of 
the bark, and I presume that this is injurious to some 
extent, yet I am unprepared to say what the outcome 
will be. 

It should be added that a whale oil soap solution, 
even 14, pounds to a gallon, if applied very thor- 
oughly, will give most excellent results in the south- 
ern part of the State, at least. I have examined a 
large number of trees where a thorough application of 
this material was made, and the results were very 
gratifying, practically all being relatively free from 
the pest, though here and there was to be found a tree 
which was somewhat more infested. A comparative 
test between this material and the lime-sulphur wash 
mentioned above, leads me to believe that, under 
weather conditions as they were last spring, the lirae- 
sulpbur wash was decidedly more beneficial than the 
soap application. 

In conclusion the importance of thoroughness in 
treatment should be emphasized very strongly; in 
fact, I advise at least three parts application to one 
part insecticide. The method of spraying cannot be 
watched too closely. E. P. Fet.t. 

New Y'ork State Entomologist. 



CORN PREMIUMS. 

Editor Southern Planter, Richmond, Va. : 

Dear Sir, — As a number of inquries have been re- 
ceived at this office as to when the corn premiums 
will be awarded, and when shipments are to be made 
in competition for these prizes, I take the liberty of 
saying through your paper that we are in a position 
to receive this corn whenever it is convenient for the 
grower to ship, and the earlier it is received the 
better. To give all sections of the State equal op- 
portunities, the contest will not be closed before Feb- 
ruary 1, 1904. Yours very truly, 

G. E. Murrell, Supt. 
Richmond, Va. Louisiana Expo. Com. 



GRASS CROP REPORT. 

Below please find report of my second and third 
grass crop together with a total crop for this year as 
compared with the crop of 1002. My total second 
crop, 1003, from 14f acres was 60,212 pounds; 3J 
acres, not well cultivated, produced only 2.100 
pounds, 600 pounds per acre; 2f acres, not well culti- 
vated, produced only 18,000 pounds, 671 pounds per 
acre; -J acre not well cultivated produced only 6,518 
pounds, 7,732 pounds per acre ; the balance, 1\ acres, 
produced only 38,600 pounds, 5,338 pounds to the 
acre: 

First crop, 1003, was 110,720 lbs. 

Second crop, 1003, was. . 66,211 lbs. 

Third crop,'l003, was 1,750 lbs. 



Total 1st, 2d and 3d crops 178,600 lbs. 

Average 12,718 pounds, which was an average of 
051 pounds per acre more than 1002 crop, which was 
164,704 pounds, average per acre of 11,268 pounds. 

The total crop from g- of an acre in 14 years, first, 
and second crop, one seeding, 114 tons, 428 pounds. 
The surface of this field to start with had but little, if 
any, vegetable matter upon it, nothing but clay, 
gravel hard pan. First it was intensely cultivated, 
nothing but bone, potash and nitrate of soda has been 
used from the start as fertilizer, at a total cost not 
exceeding $250 in .the fourteen years, or less than 
$2.25 per ton of hay gathered. The seeding was 14 
quarts of timothy and 14 quarts of recleaned Red Top 
per acre. The crop this year has the same relative 
amount of timothy and red top as Avhen originally 
sown. Some of it will be shown at the St. Louis Fair 
next year. There will also be shown samples from 
other parts of my grass field. The most remarkable 
sample will be shown from a qtiarrer acre section, 
where the first crop cut this year was over four feet 
in height and weighed 2,471 pounds. Second crop 
cut this year was over three feet in height, weighed 
2,240 pounds, making 7-J- in height. Each crop was 
fully headed and blossomed. The third crop did not 
blossom, bul weighed 750 pounds, or at the rate of 3-| 
ton? to the acre. The total weight of the three crops 
from this quarter acre was 6,401 pounds, or at the 
rate 25,64-1 pounds per acre; fertilizer cost less than 
$2 per ton. 

Blizzard struck 8 acres of my second crop while 
drying and lifted tons of it into the adjoining forest; 
except, for that I certainly should have had 40 or more 
tons instead of the 33 tons which I secured. 

I have a hay press never used before this year but 
once. This year T found it necessary to press my 
first crop to get the second crop in the barn, which is 
60x60x30 feet up to plate. — George M. Gt.ark, in 
Southern. Fruit Grower. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHEKN" PLANTER 



37 



THE 

Southern Planter 

PUBLISHED BY 

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING C0IP1 

RICHMOND, VA. 

Issued on 1st of each Month. 



J. F. JACKSON, 
Editor and General Manager. 

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD, 
Business Manager. 



TERMS FOR ADVERTISING. 
Rate card furnished on application. 



TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION. 

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER is mailed to 
•nbscribers in the United States and Canada 
at 50c. per annum; all foreign countries and 
tht city of Richmond, 75c. 

REMITTANCES should be made direct to 
this office, either by Registered Letter or 
Money Order, which will be at our risk. When 
made otherwise we cannot be responsible. 

ALWAYS GIVE THE NAME of the Post- 
Office to which your paper is sent. Your 
name cannot be found on our books unless 
this is done. 

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any 
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to 
receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti- 
cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE 
PLANTER, Descriptions of New Grains, 
Roots, or Vegetables not generally known. 
Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved 
Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel- 
come. Contributions sent us must not be 
furnished other papers until after they have 
appeared in our columns. Rejected matter 
will be returned on receipt of postage. 

SUBSCRIBERS failing to receive their pa- 
per promptly and regularly, will confer a 
favor by reporting the fact at once. 

THE DATE ON YOUR LABEL shows to 
what time your subscription is paid. 

NO ANONYMOUS communications or en- 
quiries will receive attention. 

Addresa THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, 

RICHMOND, VA. 

DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S 
COLUMN. 

Pumpkins for Cows 21 

Dehorning Cattle — Cultivating Corn 21 

A Goat Fence — Subsoil Plow 21 

Subsoiled Land — Peas — Fertilizer 

for Artichokes 22 

Artichokes 22 

Crimson Clover — Carrots and Pars- 
nips — Bones for Fowls 22 

Lice on Cattle 22 

Pecan Growing 22 

Holstein-Jersey — Brome Grass 23 

Rotation of Crops 23 

Nary Beans 23 

Tomatoes for Canning 23 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
•or Business Office. 



Mention Tiik Southern Planteb 
when corresponding with advertisers. 



PUBLISHER'S NOTES. 



TO ADVERTISERS. 



All advertisements and matter 
pertaining to advertising must 
reach us by the 25th of each 
month. Please bear this in mind. 



This Issue. 

With this number, we begin our 
journey to the 65th mile post. No 
other agricultural journal has 
lived so long a time, some claims 
to the contrary nevertheless. 
Considering the number which 
have started and fallen by the way- 
side, we congratulate ourselves 
that we have weathered all storms 
and appear before the farmers of 
the South stronger and better than 
ever. We take it that we have 
probably deserved success, as 
mighty few enterprises succeed 
without first deserving success. 
ISTow, we want to get a little more 
personal and ask our agricultural 
friends if we do not deserve a 
somewbat larger measure of suc- 
cess ? If so, help us to attain it. 
You can do this in several ways. 
Mention The Southern Planter 
to your friends; induce them to 
subscribe at 50 cents a year, if 
you think it is worth that much. 
We will save a large number of 
this special issue with which to 
start the new subscriptions, which 
we feel sure you are going to send 
us. Special offer to clubs. 



An Apology. 

The pressure upon our columns 
this month and the necessity for 
going to press earlier in tbe month 
in order to make good the lost time 
of the Christmas holidays, has 
compelled us to leave out some 
sketches and portraits of writers 
whom we desired to include in our 
special article, and also some other 
arlieles. pictures and engravings 
which we had hoped to publish. 
We would ask our friends to bear 
with us until the February issue 
appears, when we hope to set our- 
selves right with them. 



Wood's Seeds. 

Twenty-five years practical ex- 
perience, and the fact that we do 
the largest business in Seeds in the 
Southern States, enables us to 
supply every requirement in 

GARDEN AND FARM SEEDS 

to the very best advantage, both 
as regards quality and price. 

Truckers and Farmers 

requiring large quantities of Seeds 
are requested to write for special 
prices. If vou have not received 
a copy of WOOD'S SEED BOOK 
for 1904, write for it. There is not 
another publication anywhere 
that approaches it in the useful 
and practical information that 
it gives to Southern farmers 
and gardeners. 

Wood's Seed Book will be mailed free 

on request. Write to=day: 

do not delay. 

T.W. Wood & Sons, Seedsmen, 

RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA. 



graying Tells 



[^LSP ' 'ompare photographs of results from 
1^^"^^ sprayed and unsprayed trees. Same 
orchard, same row, same varieties. 

Denting' s Sprayers 

fit every purpose, from smallest to largest 
field operations. Hand Pumps, Bucket, Knap- 
sack, Barrel, Mounted Power Sprayers. Line 

includes every late discovery that makes for 
easy, rapid and perfect work- Full line best 
nozzles, attachments, Bpraving formulas, etc. 
Valuable book on insects and plant and fruit 
diseases 10c. Catalog free. 

The Doming Company, Salem, Ohio. 

Honlon& Hubbell, Western Agents, Chlo»go, Illinois, 




Defender 
Sprayer 

All brass, easiest work* 
ing, most powerful, auto* 
matic mixer, expansion 
valves, double strainer. 
Catalogue of Pumps and 
Treatise on Spraying- free. 
Agents Wanted; 
J. F. Qtylord, Box 82 CatikUl, X. %> 




WAHTEO. 



To send to every town sample of the 

new " Kant-K log " Sprayer. First 

applicant gets wholesale prices and 

agency. Big money made with sprayers 

during winter. Full particulars free. 

Address, Rochester Spray Pump Co., 

21 East Ave., Rochester, K.T. 



SURE GUARA^T^^ri rVrT&. FOR GRAV- 
ulated Eyes. My remedy will make weak 
eyes strong. Write for particulars. AddreM 
L. A. MILLS, Emporia, Kansas, 



35 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



HOW'S THIS? 

We offer One Hundred Dollars Re- 
ward for any ease of Catarrh that can- 
mot be cured by Hall's Catarrh Cure. 
F. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, O. 

We, the undersigned, have known F. 
J. Cheney for the last 15 years, and be- 
lieve him perfectly honorable in all 
business transactions and financially 
able to carry out any obligations made 
by their firm. 

West & Traux, Wholesale Druggists, 
Toledo, O. 

Walding, Kinnan & Marvin, Whole- 
sale Druggists. Toledo, 0. 

Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken inter- 
nally, acting directly upon the blood 
and mucous surfaces of the system. 
Testimonials sent free. Price 75c per 
bottle. Cold by all druggists. 

Hall's Family Pills are the best. 



[January 



WITH THE ADVERTISERS. 

Lee's Prepared Agricultural Lime is 
advertised in this issue. 

Feed Mills are offered by The N. M. 
Field Mfg. Co. Look up the ad. 

The Grove Stock Farm is offering 
some choice Holstein Bulls. 

Some splendid Angora Goats are of- 
fered by Mr. M. S. Valentine. 

The Cutaway Harrow is advertising 
its celebrated "Grass Making" tools in 
another column. 

The Lansing Tubular Silo is offered 
our readers again this season by A. M. 
D. Holoway. 

The Filston Farm has several adver- 
tisements in this issue, to which we 
invite attention. "Filston products 
are good." 

J. M. Thorburn & Co., 102 years in 
the seed business, have an attractive 
card on another page. 

Buff Orpingtons are coming to the 
front. They are offered by several 
parties in this number. 

The Virginia Fire and Marine Insur- 
ance Company would like to insure 
your property. 

Strawberry plants are offered by our 
long time advertiser, J. W. Hall. 

Woodside Stock Farm has a splen- 
did offering of Berkshire pigs. 

Pit games can be had of T. W. Jar- 
man. See his ad. 

The Acme Churn, a splendid one, is 
a candidate for public favor. 

M. B. Rowe & Co., of Brompton 
Farm, have a nice lot of Shorthorns to 
dispose of. Better look up the ad. 

Look up the ad of the Lyons Gap 
Herefords. Mr. Morgan, the owner, 
has some choice stock for sale. 

Dr. A. C. Daniels would like to send 
you a copy of his book on home treat- 
ment of horses and cattle. 

The Progress Farm is a new adver- 
tiser in this issue. Farm bred poultry 
and pedigree corn is the offering. 

Kitselman Bros, have 3 ads in this 
issue. We invite attention to all of 
Item Farmers interested in good 



Feed Your Land 

with fertilizers rich in Potash and 
your crop will crowd your barn. 
Sow Potash and reap dollars. 

A Fertilizer Without 

POTASH 

Is Not Complete. 

Be good to your land and your 
crop will be good. Plenty of 
Potash in fertilizers spells qual- 
ity and quantity in the harvest. 

Our Five Free Books 

are a complete treatise on fer- 
tilizers, written by men who 
know. They are useful to 
every man who owns a field 
and a plow, and who desires 
to get the most out of them. 
Your name on a postal will do. 




1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



39 



fences and how to make them will find 
these ads particularly attractive. 

The Foos Mfg. Co. is a new adver- 
tiser in this issue. Grinding mills, 
gasoline engines, etc., are offered. 

The famous "Iron Age" Cultivators 
are offered as usual this season. A 
very interesting booklet will be sent 
on application. Look up the ad. 

Geo. A. Sweet Nursery Co. has an 
attractive announcement in another 
column. 

S. L. Allen & Co., of "Planet, Jr.," 
fame, have a seasonable card else- 
where in this number. 

The Deming Spray Pump is offered 
again this season to our readers. Look 
up the ad and send for catalogue. 

The Ohio Carriage Mfg. Co. has a 
striking ad on another page. Be sure 
and refer to it. 

The Spangler Mfg. Co. is advertising 
the York Weeder again this season. 
This is a valuable tool, and should be 
on every farm. 

The International Stock Pood Co. 
advises us that they have just estab- 
lished a factory in Toronto, Canada. 
Their business has grown so in the Do- 
minion for the past five years that they 
have found it necessary to establish 
this branch factory. Mr. E. B. Savage, 
son of the owner, M. W. Savage, is in 
charge. We wish this concern another 
happy and prosperous New Year. 



WARROCK-RICH4RDSON ALMA- 
NACK. 
Many New Features Added to This 
Valuable Publication. 

The Warrock-Richardson Almanack 
this year contains *i large amount of 
important information hitherto not 
found in that valuable publication. 
Among the matter is a complete draft 
of the game laws, the franchise section 
of the Constitution, the law on wills, 
a complete postal guide of the State, 
the last congressional and gubernato- 
rial vote, a list of the Federal officers 
in the State, postal laws, directory of 
State institutions and the judiciary, 
the population of counties and cities, 
the court and county officers, and other 
matters of value and interest to people 
in general. 

This year the Almanack comes off 
the press of Clyde W. Saunders, in 
whose control it recently passed. 

The Almanack can be had from 
news-dealers or from the Publisher, 
Clyde W. Saunders, 1116-1118 E. Cary 
St., Richmond, "Va. 

Price by mail, 10 cents per copy. 



Winter course in agriculture and 
short course in dairying, lasting ten 
weeks. January 4-March 10, 1904. Tui- 
tion free. Board, room and other ex- 
penses thirty dollars. North Carolina 
College of Agriculture and Mechanic 
Arts, Raleigh, N. C. Write Prof. 
Burkett, Raleigh, N. C, for full in- 
formation. 



Mention the Southern Plakteb in 
writing. 



FOUNDED 

1802. 



GOLD MEDALS: 

Paris, 1900. Pan-American, 1901. 




for over a hundred years have heen universally recognized as the stand- 
ard of excellence. They received the GOLD MEDAL (the highest 
award) both at the Paris Exposition of 1900 and at the Pan-American, 



1901. 



Our Catalogue 



— the 103d successive annual edition — contains a more complete assort- 
ment and fuller cultural directions than any other seed annual pub- 
lished. It is beautifully illustrated, not with highly colored exaggera- 
tions, but with the finest half-tones from life photographs. It contains 
144 large size pages, and is in every respect and without exception the 
most complete, most reliable, and most beautiful of American Garden 
Annuals. We will mail it FEEE. 

Market Gardeners 

are invited to send for our special price list of high-class vegetable seeds 
for truckers and large market growers. It contains all sorts of ap- 
proved merit. 

J. M. THORBURN & CO., 

36 Gortlandt St., NEW YORK. 



..ELMWOOD NURSERIES.. 



WE ARE GROWERS AND OFFER A FINE ASSORTMENT OF 

Apples, Peaches, Pears, Cherries, Plums, Apricots, Necta- 
rines, Grapevines in large assortments, Gooseberries, Currants, 
MrawberrieSi Horse- ** adi«-h, Asparagus, De-wherries and 

an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment Ornamental and Shade 
Trees, Ornamental fehrubs and Hedge Plants. 

EGGS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $1.00 per 1J. 
Also a few pullets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for Immediate de- 
livery. Write for Catalogue to 

J. B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va. 



40 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



The 
PERFECT 

is the 



LANSING" 
TUBULAR SILO 

Best Silo Made. . 




A. M. D. HOLLQWAY, 

Builders Exchange, Phila , Pa , U. S. A. 

Write for Catalogue and Prices. 

Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops 



**r* 



I Clark's Rev. Bush Plow and Harrow 

-t a., cubh track .i ft. >ide, 1 It. 

^rrv'i k deep. Connects the sub- 
soil water. It Is an i x- 
cellent machine for 
cover! i! g In sugar cane. 
Sfengtli guaranteed. 

Can plow a newly out 
forest, stump, bush, or 
bog land, leaves land true, clean for any crop. 

Clark's Double Action Cutaway ¥ ~rj%"f ^ VfiEHT 
Harrow movs 15,000 tons <> f J f Jtfnp^#pl/ "M=S? 




earth n a day. 
bend for Circulars. 



Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow 

- ... > Made single or double 

1 ^- N -'~Nfc =3 One or two furrows five 
*"%f'' n ten ' ncnea deep; 14 
;G"*\y .■'; Inches wide. For two or 
\dy four horses. Light draft. 
I Jf' V^-J^ No side draft. Noalmilar 
plow made. When Clark's grass tools are used 
asdlrected In his grass circular, we, the <:. 11 Co., 
guarantee them to ki 1 wild mustard charlock, 
hard hack, sunflower, milk weed, mornlngglory. 
Russian thistle or any other loul plant that 
grows, or money refunded. Now Is the time 'O 
commence work for next year's seeding to grasB. 

THE CUTAWAY HARROW CO., 

Hlgganum, Ct., U. S. A. 



WITH HUSKS ON 

or off, cob corn or shelled, all 
grains. It will not choke. 
There's speed and fine or 
coarse grinding with 

Kelly 

DUPLEX 
Grinding mills. 

Steady force feed. Doub- 
le breakers, double set bum. 
Little power, any kind, rune 
them. 1 »lzes. Catalog fro*. 
The O. S. Kelly Co., Springfield, Ohio. 




A full page notice elsewhere of the 
annual sale of imported large English 
Berkshire brood sows which will take 
place under cover on the Biltmore 
Farms February 9th, 1904, will be of 
interest to every breeder of this hog, 
so popular with the farmer and breed- 
er and also the packer. 

These sales have become an annual 
meeting ground for the prominent 
breeders of nearly every State. Over 
sixty attended last year even from as 
far off as Oregon, the majority look- 
ing for fresh blood or show stock or 
buying simply as an investment, and 
those not purchasing finding the trip 
a profitable one npt only in the way of 
brushing up against their fellow breed- 
ers and catching up with the latest 
gossip of the trade and also to book 
orders for their young stock, etc. 

The Biltmore Farms have certainly 
performed a good work by these an- 
nual sales through creating confidence 
in the market as to the value of a good 
animal, and since their last sale the 
breeders have reported an unusually 
brisk demand for animals of the re- 
onired individuality and breeding at 
an average increased price of nearly 
20 per cent. Last year the bidding at 
the sale was very keen as not only were 
the individual merits of the offering 
high, but there were apparently not 
enough to go around and the unprece- 
dented average of $221 per head was 
realized. Many had to go home disap- 
pointed, so this year the number has 
been increased to 70 head and as, of 
course, no by-biddins: is allowed and 
the animal is knocked down if only 
one bid is made, there may be some 
bargains. A rate of one and one-third 
fares for the round trip can be secured 
by taking a winter tourist's ticket to 
Acheville (11 miles from the farms) 
which can be secured from all points 
north of the Ohio river and west of the 
Mississippi, and also from many points 
in Virginia as, Alexandria. Charlottes- 
ville, Norfolk, md Point Comfort. Pe- 
tersburg, Richmond, Shenandoaah 
Junction and Virs-inia Beach. These 
fares are refunded to all purchasers of 
$150 or over, and a special rate of 
$2.50 per day has been made by the 
Ken il worth Inn, one of the best 
equipped hotels in the South. 

The catalogue is mailed to all apply- 
ing and shows an unusually choice lot 
of pies. Experts from the North and 
Central States who have already ex- 
amined this lot. say that it is the most 
uniform lot of the highest quality that 
has ever been gathered tosrether. The 
blood lines are practically the same as 
were offered last year but furnish de 
sirable outTOSses. beine: selected from 
testing and producing families so that, 
every animal is either a winner or out 
of a winner and are hacked up by a list 
of winnings which fill the catalogue to 
overflowing. 

With the liberal terms offered by 
the farms, viz., that every animal is 
guaranteed In nig or money returned, 
the malorltv of purchasers have found 
previous offerings a very profitable in- 



EACH LITTLE WIND 

that blows is turned into value for the 
man who pumps or generates 
power for grinding, sawing, etc., 
with the 

Freeman 
Steel Windmills. 

Mills with 

genius to 

work and 

strength to 

stand. Pull 

line high grades with special four 

post angle steel tower. Also Feed 

Cutters, Wood Saws, Corn Shel- 

I lers, etc. Write for catalog 1 1 

5. Freeman & Sons Mfg. Co., R 5, c ,'s n . 8 ' 




Triple Geared, 
Ball Bearing, 

to test on his own farm. Grinds ear corn 
and all small grain. If it is not the easiest 
running, with largest capacity, don't keep it. 
It is strong and powerful — a time saver and a 
money maker. Send for circulars and full 
particulars. 

G. EH. DITTO, Box 48 Joliet, Ills. 





It costs nothing. Re- 
turn at our expense if 
this mill fails to giind 
shelled corn, ear corn, 
all grains or mixed 
feed stuffs, easier, fast- 
er and better than any 
other. 



New Holland Mills 

are the practical, every day mills for every 
day wants. No other good mill at so low a 
price. Made In 3 »izes. Adapted to any kind 
of power. Don't fall to get our free catalogue 
before buying. 



NEW 



HOLLAND MACHINE CO.. 
Box 163, New Holland, Pa. 



Make Your Own Fertilizer 

at Small Cost with j 

Wilson's Phosphate Mills 

From 1 to 40 H. P. Also Bone Cot- 
ters, hand and power, for the poul- 
trymen ; Farm Feed \\ His, (*ra- 
lium Flour Mm. . I Mills, Brit and 
Shell Mills. Send for catalogue. 
WILSON RRtlS., Sole Mfrs., 
Easton, Pu. 




The WEBER 


U If. 


P. , 


^Hp-rc? 






Gasoline Engines!) 












(or running 












A\ v 


grinders, shred- 














ders, cotton. m 




■1-^W.ni 






|! 


M * 


thresheri, etc. 






t_^H£l 


m Ls 


Free catalogue ■ 








m a 


gives all sizes. 










ml "•* 


Weber Gas & 










W a 


Qasoline Knr'no 










V *m 

*2 


Jo., Box ia» 










Kansas City, Bto. 


SHN 








So 



WE PAY $33 A WEEK and expenses to men 
with rigs to introduce Poultry Compound. In- 
ternational Mfg. Co., Parsons, Kan. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



41 






THE YORK 

m proved Weeder 

The flexibility of the teeth is the important point in a 
weeder. The York Improved Weeder has teeth of 
square spring steel with round points. These teeth 
have great flexibility, and being narrow in the body they 
do not whip or bruise the growing plants as flat teeth do. 
This style also allows more clearance and prevents clog- 
ging. Our square teeth 
do not break. The frame 
is made of strong flexi- 
ble angle steel, and han- 
dles and shafts are adjust- 
able. Send for free circular. 
The Spangler Corn Planters 
and Grain Drills are the best 



SPANGLER 
MFG. CO., 

501 QaeenSt., 
"> York, Pa. 





CREAM 

Separators 

have been sold too much on talk. 
We sell ours on trial. Try it on 
your own farm. The American 
will pay for itself even though you 
have but a few cows. The price 
remarkably low. The machine 
is a money maker. Write for 
separator book. Mailed free. 
American Separator Co., 
Box 1076 BaJnbridge, N.Y. 
Won Medal at Paris Exfosition. 



^l^ ; Free Seeder's 
Book, 

telling how, when and 
where to sow seed and 
howmuch to sow. Also 
describing the good old 

CAHOON 

Broadcast Seeder, 

the one that saves % the 
seed. The best for 45 
years. The book Sower's 
Manual sent absolutely 
free. Write forit. 

COODELL CO., 
6S 3Ialn*t., Antrim, V. H. 

9J0RDS IN I O HOURS 

SAWS DOWI 
THEE8 





BT ONE MAS. It'. KTUG OF THE WOODS. Sayes money and 
baekathe. Send for FKEE llloa. catalogneshowinz latest Improve. 
■MM! and testimonials from (hmmands. Fimt orr»»r s<"-*"»i aienrv 

Folding Sawing Math. Co., 55 N. Jefferson St, Chicago, UL 



fTTITTT 



,, CHAIN HANGING 

V i J stanchion; 

■fmM CLEAN.SAFE, 
•l COMFORTABLE. 

Mfd 1 byWBIRUMB ForestvilletOHR 







PREPARED ROOFING FELTS. 

We can save you money on your wants In 
this line. We offer you Two-Ply Tarred 
Roofing Felt. 108 square feet to the roll, 
complete with caps, nails an<l cement 
Pe"oll, •1.1ft. Three-ply complete, per 
roll, *l.er>. Vulcanite, the highest 
grade on the market, complete as above 
Price per rolL»I.50. We have all kinds 
oi Hoofing. Write for Free Catalogue No. 
1*1 on material bought from Sheriffs' and 
Keceivers'Sales CHIC4GO HOI KK WRKCK- 
IBS CO., W. 31th and Iron Stmts, Chicago 



vestment. Many of them realize more 
for a part of the first litter than they 
paid for the sow. 

Not only are the dams here offered 
of such choice breeding and individ- 
uality but they are bred to a selected 
boar out of a lot of ten which include 
the champion boar at the Pan-Ameri- 
can and the first prize and sweepstakes 
boar at the English Royal 1902, and in 
fact the ten boars to which they are 
bred for ma group which cannot be 
equalled by any other breeding estab- 
lishment. 

The Biltmore herd has always been 
strictly quarantined, consequently chol- 
era has been absolutely kept out and 
this last importation was not only 
quarantined in New York, but also an 
additional thirty days after shipment 
down here for any chance infection in 
transit. An absolute guarantee can be 
given, something which is certainly 
worth considering by those who may 
have experienced, or do not wish to ex- 
perience the destruction of a herd 
representing years of work. 




Wise Man's 
Wagon. 

The man who has had experience) 
in running a wagon knows that it 
is the wheels that determine the 
life of the wagon itself. Our 

STEEL 
WHEELS 

have given a new lease of life to thousands of old 
wagons, ihey can be had in any desired height.and 
any width of tiieup to 8 inches. With a set of these 
wheels you can in a few minutes have either a high 
or a low down wann. The Electric Handy 
Wnson is made by skilled workmen, of best select- 
ed material— white hickory axles, steel wheels, steel 
hounds, etc. Guaranteed to carry MOOlbs. Here Is 
the wairon that will save money for you, as It 
lasts almost foiever. Ourcatalog describinK the uses 
of these wheels and wagonssent free Write for it. 
ELECTRIC WHEEL CO., BOX 146 QUINCY, ILLINOIS, 




The recent International Stock Show 
proved "Prince Rupert" 79539 to be 
not only a grand show bull, but the 
sire of show animals, as two of his 
sons, "Prince Rupert 8th" and "Prince 
Rupert 19th" were exhibited by one 
of the foremost breeders in America 
and won money prizes, the former in 
the senior yearling and the latter in 
the junior calf class. They greatly re- 
semble their sire and are being carried 
along for another year. 

An idea of the rapidity of the growth 
of his calves and the indication that 
they will make large animals at ma- 
turity is shown by the weights of these 
calves at the opening of the show. 
"Priuce Rupert 8th." calved December 
17, 1901, weierhed 1.885 pounds Novem- 1 
ber 27, 1903, and "Prince Rupert 
19th," calved April 1, 1903, weighed 
755 pounds November 27. 1903. 

"Prince Rupert" is owned by Ed- 
ward G. Butler, "AnnefWd Farms," 
Briggs, Clarke county, Virginia, and 
^eads the Annefield herd of registered 
Hereford cattle on his seven hundred 
acre farm in tbe beautiful blue grass 
section of tbe Shenandoah Valley, and 
Mr. Butler will be pleased to have 
those who are interested in Hereford 
cattle come to the farms and see his 
herd. 

It is worth a long trip to see "Prince 
Rupert, 79539," the bull that won the 
errand championship of the American 
Roval Show. Kansas Citv. 1901, and 
weiehs in show shape 2,525 pounds. 

The advertisement of the Annefield 
herd appears on another page and 
those wishing a fine bull calf or cows 
bred to the champion Prince Rupert, 
should write Mr. Butler, as Hereford 
blood was never more in demand than 
now. 



WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT 

d si-nd 4 iluggy Harris, Steel Tin. un, - P>T.35 
j With Rubber Tires, glo.OO. I mlg. whe-ls % to 4= in. 
i tread. Top Buggirn, $28.75 , Harness, $3 60. A'rite tor 

catalosur. Iji-arn how n> huv vhiol-s and parts direct. 

Wacon Umbrella FUKK W. V . KOOR. f'iiirinnat!, O. 



THE IMPROVED 

SCRJWSTUWP PULLER 

Write for Prices. 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 




Chamberlin Mfg. Co., Olean, N. Y., U. S. A. 
HERCULES STUMP PULLER 




Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day 
Clears all stumps in a circle of 150 ft. withou* 
moving or changing machine, Strongest, most 
rapid working and best made. 
Hercules Mfg. Co., 413 17th St., Centreville. Iowa. 

Stump Pullers 

grubbing - machines, 
DERRICKS to handle 
cane, cotton and tobacco. 
Derricks to load manure. 
■gjp -«•.,•. «- •*■ Derricks for all purposes. 

Dept. L. NATIONAL HOIST & JlACrllNB 

Co., Chicago, 1,1. 



NO HUMBUGaBnghton's 

BwlnaY.Btook Marker ud Calf Dehorner. Stops ewine 
from rooting. Makes 48 different ear marts. Extracts 
Hornj. Price 11.60. 8end|I for triaL If itauits.Bend bal- 
ance. Pat'd M«t6. 1902. Hog and Calf Holder only 75o. 
GEORGE BOOS, Mfr. v FAIRFIELD, IOWA. 





42 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



STAR PEA HULLER 

WONDER OF THE AGE 

Guaranteed to hull and clean 
]0 to 15 bushels of peas per 
hour by hand, or 20 to 30 
bushels by power. Write for 
circular and prices. 

STAR PEA MACHINE CO., 

...Chattanooga, Tenn 



.FEED MILLS. 

Every Man His Own Miller. 

The latest improved. Does all kinds 
of work. Most durable; has ground 
ovir 15,000 bushels without repair or 
expense. Ihe fastest grinder; has 
ground 300 bushels In 4 hours. 
Lightest draft and lowest price The 
World's Best ! Send for prices to the 
manufacturers. 

N. M. FIELD MFG. CO., St Louis, Mo. 

STEEL ROOFING 

100 SQUARE FEET $2.00 

Painted two **i<Ie»; nail* Included. 
Strictly new. perfect, Semi-Hardened Steel 
Sheets, Meet long. The be»t Kooting, 
Mdlneor Celling you can use. No ex- 

iktii <• necessary to lay it. An ordinary 

hammer or hatchet the only tools you 
need. Either flat, corrn (rated or "V»' 
r* limned. Write for our Free Catalogue 
NO. 1QQ on Farm Supplies, Furniture, etc. 
4 III! Mill IIUCSB Wllk, KIM. CO.. W. 3ath & Iron Sis., t hlcaeo 

j& ROOFING TIN j& 

Iron and paper roofing, nails, builder's hard- 
ware, sash, doors, etc., carriage and wagon 
goods, paints and oils, cook and heating stoves, 
guns, pistols, rifles. "Robin Hood" loaded shells. 
Do you use any of the above? Write ub. 

409 K. Broad, 
Kichm'd.Va. 




HARRIS HARDWARE CO., 



Mf C I DRILLING 
Tl L L L MACHINES 

The most successful money-making ma- 
chines ever made. Also machines for borlae 
wells with augers by horse power. Write 
us if you mean business. 

Loom is Machine Co., Tiffin, Ohio. 



A GUICK, SHARP Cilt 

uurtsmuch lesa than a bruise, crueh or tear 




DEHORNING 



Done with the 

KEYSTONE KNIFE 

naffst. ijulck, Bharp cut. Cuts from four 
■Mm ntonrc Cannot enikb bruiseor tear* 
Month umaDe method ot dehorn. ng known, 
J Took highest award World's Fair, Write 
- for free circulars before buying.^-* 

M. T. PHILLIPS, Box 45, Pomeroy, Pa. 

iATEST _^-=*«^^^® (Newton's Patent.) 

Every 
Dehorner 
»»■ Guaranteed 

THOUSANDS IN USE. 

Ask your hardware dealer lor tnem or write 
1L II. iiKiiV. s Ml i. < <>.. • • !>!.< \ I I It, I LI. 




MILLIONS OF VEGETABLES. 

When the editor read 10,000 plants 
for 16c, he could hardly believe it, but 
upon second reading finds tbat the 
John A. Salzer Seed Co., La Crosse, 
Wis., than whom there are no more re- 
liable and extensive seed growers in 
the world, makes this offer. 

THEY SEND FOR 16c POSTPAID 
their big catalog and sufficient seed to 
grow 1,000 each of cabbages, onions, 
radishes. 2,000 each of carrots, celery, 
lettuce and a bushel basket full of bril- 
liant flowers, for lGc postage and this 
notice. Write them to-day. F. P. 



OVERHEARD IN NEW YORK CITY. 

She (seeing signs on the L station) 
— What is a Lehman heater, dear? 

He (reading a paper) — Why. it's a 
thing for — 

She — Is my hat on straight? 

He — Yes, carriages and — 

She — Oh! how funny. Mrs. Wilks 
has a new automobile coat. What about 
the carriages? 

He — I said it was to heat — 

She — Oh! Charlie, they were talk- 
ing about heat and that new Radium 
light or something last night. 

He (looks up from his paper at her) 
— What about Radium? 

She — Didn't you say it was some- 
thing about heat? 

He — No, I did not. I am trying to 
tell you — 

She — Well, you needn't get provoked 
about it. 

He (pause) — Well, if you will only 
listen, dear; it is a foot warmer to heat 
carriages. 

She — Oh, aren't they lovely. Let us 
get one for mamma. 



VALUABLE BOOK FREE. 
Most of our readers have no doubt 
noticed the advertisement of Dr. Jos. 
Hass, which has been appearing from 
time to time in these columns, in 
which he offers a free copy of his 
book, "Homology" to any one asking 
for it. While, of course, "Hogology" 
is intended to promote the sale of Dr. 
Hass' Hog Remedy, yet the larger part 
of it is devoted to the discussion of 
the different phases of the swine rais- 
ing question and can but be of profit 
to anyone interested in hog-raising. 
Dr. Haas, having had a successful ex- 
perience of nearly 30 years as a spe- 
cialist in the care of hogs and the 
treatment of their diseases, is able to, 
and has made this book a valuable, 
complete and practical treatise and it 
can be referred to as a reliable author- 
ity by all swine-raisers. See his ad- 
vertisement elsewhere in this number 
and write for the book to-day if you 
have not a copy of it in your posses- 
sion. It will be worth many dollars to 
you and is sent free for the asking. 



CASTALIA HEREFORDS. 
The Castalia ad this month has a 
special offering. Look it up. Here- 
fords are on the boom just now. 



*-*-»■-*- 



UNION LOCK POULTRY FENCING 

HAS BEEN FTTLLY 

TESTED AND FOUND 

SUPERIOR TO ALL 

OTHERS. 

W ill fit _ uneven 
ground without 
„ cutting. Every part 
rgWrtM-TtHlfeBB can be stretched 
perfectly. Made of 
high grade galvanized steel wire. All horizontal 
lines are cables, making it stronger. Has fine mesh 
at the bottom for small chicks. We also make 
extra heavy for gardens, lawns, etc. The largest 

Eoultry farms are using this f ence — over 700 rods 
y Lakewood (N. J.) Farm Co. We pay freight 
and satisfy every one or no sale. Can ship from 
N. Y., Chicago, or San Francisco. Write for 
f ree|catalog of Farm, Lawn and Poultry Fencing. 

CASE BROS., Box 340, Colchester, Conn. ' 




TTT»TTTTT 



T T T T ? T ' 



Genuine Spiral Spring Wire 

FENGES HND GHTES 

- !•» ' If your dealer does not have our 

"* goods in stock you can buy direct 

at Manufacturers' Price. Write 

for Catalogue and secure agency. 

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO. 
Columbus, Ohio. 





DON'T UNDERTAKE TO CUT THE 



No. 7 top wire on Page Stock Fence with wire cut- 
ters. You can't do it, and you'll break vour cutters. 
PAGE WOVEN WIRE FENCE CO., Adrian, Michigan. 



It 






LAWN FENCE 

Many designs. Cheap as 
wood. 32 page Catalogue 
free. Special Prices to Ceme- 
teries and Churches. Address 
COILED SPRING FENCE «0. 
Box Q Winchester, Ind, 




A Fence Machine tbat will make over 100 
Styles of Fence and from 50 to 70 rods a day 

AT ACTUAL COST OF WIRE 

Horse-high, IJnll-fi roni», Pig and Chicken-tight. 
Wire at Wholesale Prices. Catalogue Free. 

Kitselman Bros. Box 1B5 Muncie, Ind. 




FENCE! 



STRONGEST 
MADE. Boil 

strong. CMckea 
tleht. 8oldtotheFarmeratWholr.nl* 
PrieM. Pnlly Warranted. Catalog Free 

COILED SPPJNG FENCE CO., 
Bo. »* Wlnebo.Uir. Indian*. C. 8. A 




PUAE' We'll tell you the cheapest 
nta !•■»#■■ and best way to build it. Of 
any kiml of wire, for any requirement, 
with cheap labor, no machine and we'll tell 
yon how to fix your old fences too. Write 
B- B. FENCE CO., 142 W. 3rd St., Peru, Ind. 



: FOR SALE. :- 



Having rented out my river farm, 
will sell at private sale one new 

Mccormick self btnder, in use 

two days; ONE HAMILTON DOUBLE 
CORN PLANTER: ONE HAY RAKE, 
10 feet width, all metal; some good 
WORK HORSES AND MULES; a lot 
of BREEDING EWES to have early 
lambs; and should like to have a gen- 
eral purpose farm hand to run my 
home farm. Address- 

JOHN MATHEWS. East Richmond, Va 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHEK^ PLANTER. 



43 




£paviri 

Bone Spavin, Bos Spavin. Ringbone or 
any kind of blemish— we have what you 
need tomakeacertain cure. Guaranteed 
always— money right back If It ever fails. 

Fleming's Spavin Cure (Liquid) 

for the soft bunches— Paste for the hard 
ones. A 45-minute application and the 
lameness soes. Lots of blemish inior 
mation in the free book we send. 

Fistula. 

arvd 

►Poll Evil 

Do yourself what horse doctors 
charse big prices for trying to do. 
Cure Fistula or Poll Evil in fifteen 
to thirty days. 

Fleming's Fistula & Poll Evil Cure 

is a wonder— guaranteed to cure any 
case — money back if it fails. No cutting- 
no scar. Leaves the horse sound and 
smooth. Write for onr free book on 
diseases and blemishes of horses. 

FLEMINC BROS., Chemi9ts, 
280 Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 111. 



TQCK LICK IT 
TOft^UKElT 



'> 



BLACKMAN'S 
MEDICATED 

SALT BRICK 

The only guaranteed Tonic, Blood Part- 
ner, Kidney end Liver Regulator and 
aider of Digestion for all stock. A 
sure hit on worms. Ticks cannot live. 
No dosing, no drenching, and no waste 
of feed. Ynnr horse his own doctor. 
Endorsed by thousands 



full descriptive circulars, testimonials, 
etc." address 

Blackmaa Stock Remedy Ce. 

Highland Park, Chattanooga, Tenn. 

uwmmm maamB&az 



920 



A medicine which makes 
sick animals well, the diseased 
whole, the weak strong and the 
thin fat. It will restore lest Appetite, 
expel Worms and cure Chronic Cough, 
Heaves, Influenza, Distemper, Hide- 
bound, Indigestion, Constipation, Flat- 
kulency and ail Stomach and Bowel 




DEATH TO HEAVES 

baaraot«ed 




NEWTOH'8 Hem, tooth. Do*- 

temper and IndlgeaUoD Our*. 

A veterinary epecinc for wind, 

3£, throat and gtamach troubles. 

*&*^ Strong recommend*. $1.00 per 

can. Dealers. Mail or Ex. paid. 

Kewton Hone Remedy Co., 

Toledo, Ohio. 



DORSET CLUB MEETING. 

The Continental Dorset Club met in 
the Pure Bred Live Stock Record 
Building, at 2 P. M.„ December 2. Re- 
port of the treasurer showed a prosper- 
ous condition, more registries having 
been made than in any previous year 
and a surplus remaining in the treas- 
ury. 

The most important resolutions of- 
fered were those for special premiums 
to be given next year at the World's 
Fair, St. Louis, and at the next Inter- 
national. 

Officers elected were: President, R. 
H. Harding, Thorrrdale; International 
Secretary-Treasurer, J. E. Wing, Me- 
chanicsburg, O. ; Executive Committee, 
Maj. J. A. McGillivray, Uxbridge, Ont., 
Arthur Dawks, Allamuchy, N. J., J. B. 
Henderson, Burgettstown, Pa., and H. 
P. Miller, Sunbury, O. 

Chas. B. Wing. 



It is no longer necessary to purchase 
a crusher for preparing ear corn for 
burr stone grinding. The cut shown 




herewith is of the Scientific Burr 
Stone Mill made by The Foos Manufac- 
turing Co., at Springfield, Ohio, who 
have combined with it a double crush- 
ing breaker of large capacity which 
thoroughly breaks up the cob and pre- 
pares it for grinding upon the burr 
stones. The action of this breaker is 
such as to leave less of the work to be 
done by the burr stones than is usu- 
ally the case with even a separate 
crusher. Besides this, the outfit of ma- 
chinery is much less expensive, takes 
less room, less power and needs less 
belting and shafting, being much more 
convenient to operate and maintain. 
Catalogue of this and 51 other styles 
of grinding mills will be mailed to our 
readers upon request to the company 
at Springfield, Ohio. 



"SURE HATCH CATALOGUE." 
Our new 1904 catalogue is now ready 
for mailing. No poultryman or fan- 
cier should be without this valuable 
book. It is beautifully illustrated and 
gives dozens of photos of the machines 
in actual operation in the hands of the 
people in all parts of the country. The 
incubators and brooders are described 
fully in every section, and in addi- 
tion this book contains sound poultry 
sense. Send for one; they are free. 
Sure Hatch Incubator Co., 
Clay Center, Neb., or Indianapolis, Ind. 



Warranted 

to give satisfaction 




GOMBAULT'S 

CAUSTIC BALSAM 

A safe, speedy and 
positive cure for 

Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Capped Hock, 
Strained Tendons, Founder, wind Puffs, 
and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone 
and other bony tumors. Cures all skin 
diseases or Parasites, Thrush, Diphtheria. 
Removes all Bunches from Horses or 
Cattle. 

As a niMAX REMEDY" for Rhen- 
matism, Sprains, Sore Throat, etc., it 
is invaluable. 

Evei-y bottle of Canslie Balsam sold is 
Warranted to give satisfaction. Price Wl.ftO 
per bottle. Sold by druptrists, or sent by ex- 
press, charges paid, with full directions for its 
use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo- 
nials, etc. Address 
THE LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS COMPANY, Cleveland, Ohio. 



SUN JOSE SCALE 



and other Insects 

can be con- 
trolled by using 

GOOD'S CAUSTIC POTASH 

■WHALE OIL SOAP. No. 3. 

~ It also prevents Curl Leaf. Endorsed by en- 
tomologists. This soap Is a fertilizer as well as 
Insecticide 60 lb. kegs, $2.50; 100 lb. kegs. $4 50. 
Half barrels, 270 lbs., at 3%c. per lb.; barrels, 
125 lbs., at 3J4c. Large quantities, special rates. 
Send for circular. 

JAMES GOOD, 
939— 11 N. Front St., Philadelphia, pa. 



FRAZER 

Ax*e Grease 

Its wearing qualities ar« unsurpassed, ac- 
tually out'asting 3 bxs any other brand, 
Not affected by heat. **-Get the Genuine. 
FOR SALE BY ALL DEALERS. 

■»»° : m m 



Best in 
the world. 



AGRICULTURAL 
AND BUILDERS' 



LIME 



Send for, Circulars and Price=List 

TELLSWORTH LIME WORKS, 

REEVES CATT, Agent, 

Bodley, Augusta County, Virginia. 




Krausers* Liquid 
Extract of Smoke 

Smokes meat perfectly in a 
few hours. Made from liickory wood. 
Delicious flavor. Cleaner, cheaper. No 

smokehouse needed. Send for circular. 

:. ivt!AiiM-;K &. mk»... iViiton, Po. 



44 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[January 



Salzer's 

National Oats 

Greatest oat of the centurv 

Yielded in 19U3 in Ohio 187 

In Mich 231, in Mo. 2J. r ,,aDd in 

JN Dakota 310 bus. per acre You 

can beat that record in 1904 i 

For 10c and this notice 

we mail you free lots of farm seed 
samples and our bin catalo- tell- 
ing all aboutthis oatwonderand 
thousands of other seeds >///« 

JOHN A. SALZER SEED CO. Jljh 
La Crosse, Mk MA 

F. Wis. 



TREES! TREES!! 

I offer a fine lot of whole root trees. 

Apples, Pears, Peaches, 
Cherries, Plums, Grape 
Vines, Raspberries, Etc. 

Save agent's commission by send- 
ing your orders to the nursery. 

CATALOGUE FREE. 



All Stock Inspected and Fumigated. 

WERTZ'S NURSERY, Salem. Va. 



*sasf+ 



Quality First Consideration 

Full of life, sure to etow. We grow in the North what 
develops i est there. AH our seeds come to you from their 
own special climates, whether North. East. South or West. 
We sell freshness, -.trength and the vigor that conies from 
the seeds' own climate. We also handle 

FARM, GARDEN, DAIRY & 
POULTRY SUPPLIES 

You'll find it convenient to buy all supplies from one re- 
liable house. It keeps us busy and we can make you bet- 
ter prices. We issue a great catalog of such utilities. See 
it for bargains Get FREE general catalogue No. 10. 

GRIFFITH & TURNER COMPANY, 
20S N. Paca Street, Baltimore, Md. 



Strawberry Plants, 

All grown in fresh rich ground, healthy, 
well-rooted plants that will please you; 
over 80 kinds to offer Raspberry plants 
and Peach trees also; see us belore you 
buy. Our stock has been thoroughly in- 
spected and found free from any disease. 
Address JOHN LIGHTFOOT, 

Sherman Heights Tenn. 



BERRY PLANTS :»'.? 

been my Specially lor more than 2ft 



mjBjH^^ ueen my Specialty lor more than 
mL/^^V ''est new and Ntan- 

^■B ^r dard varieties; vigorous, w« 1 root- 
^BBBr ed and true to name. THE NEW 
STRAWBERRY I Introduced last season has 
proved a « Inner again the past season It will 
pay yon 10 plant my plants, they grow and pro- 
duce large crops ol big berrieB. Catalogue Free. 
Write to-day. JOHN W. HALL, Marlon Sti., Md. 



A SUGGESTION AS TO FEED MILLS 
Among the best of the mills, all 
things considered, is the triple geared, 
ball bearing grinder, manufactured by 
G. M. Ditto, of Joliet, 111. Two points 
always to be borne in mind in select- 
ing a mill are easy grinding and rapid 
grinding. On these two points the 
Ditto advertisements everywhere une- 
quivocally invite intending purchasers 
to return his mill if it is not found on 
trial to be the fastest grinding and 
easiest running. No money is required 
in advance. That is made as promi- 
nent as anything else in the advertise- 
ments. The mill is adapted to grind- 
ing ear corn and everything from that 
on down, including the small grains. 
The ball bearings in connection with 
the triple geaar account for the rapid 
grinding without worrying the team. 
If any of our readers are still in need 
of a mill they should investigate Mr. 
Ditto's before placing an order. He 
will forward descriptive matter and 
the trial under his policy of selling 
will cost you nothing if the mill does 
not prove the claims made for it. 



HIS FIRST PAIR. 

At recess one morning little Nathan 
Garowski withdrew to a corner and 
wept, and the heart of his pretty teach- 
er was moved with compassion. 

"What's the matter, Nathan?" she 
inquired gently. "Why don't you play 
with the others?" 

Nathan looked up with dimmed eyes. 
Dust and tears mingled on his brown 
cheeks. He pointed mutely to his 
skirt and then broke into a roar: "It 
was the dress of Rebecca. My mudder 
no money has for buy me anyt'ing. I 
nefer have the trouser. and the chil- 
dren — the children — they stick out the 
finger on me. and make a laughs. They 
call me — call me — a gi-girl." 

"Don't mind them., dear," said Alice 
Hnrmin with sympathy. "They shall 
not laugh at you long. I will get you 
a coat and trousers too." 

Several days later Nathan appeared 
in the glory of a new suit, and strutted 
ahont. basking in the admiring glances 
of those who had despised him. His 
cup of pride was filled to overflowing 
when the superintendent came in with 
the principal for a visit of inspection. 
Nathan, well in the foreground, 
srlanced at his garments and looked 
at. the stransrers for approbation. 

"Why. little boy, what a fine pair 
of trousers'" said the superintendent 
affablv. "Where did you get them?" 

Nathan drew himself to his full 
height, and outstretched his hand in 
the direction of his beloved teacher: 
"I got them off her," he announced. "I 
got them off Miss Harmon." 

Then Alice Harmon, with the blush 
of confusion on her face, explained. 
"The — the children — on the East Ridp 
always sav 'off' when they mean 
'from.'" — January Lippineott's Maga-- 
zlne. 

Mention the Southern Planter In 
writing. 



Peach and Apple Trees, 

IBONAVISTA NURSERIES, Greenwood. Va. 

We offer a fine lot of choice trees for 
Fall and Spring planting 

Our apple trees are the best — Wine Sap, 
Mammoth Black Twig, York Imperial 
and Albemarle Pippin, all perfect and 
well grown trees. 

Our peach trees are the standard sorts, 
Stump, Elberta, Bilyeu's (Comet, ) Won- 
derful, Champion, Globe, Picquet's Late, 
Albright's Winter, Crawford E. &L., etc. 

We send out none but good trees and 
have never had a complaint made by any 
purchaser of our stock. Order soon, es- 
pecially Peaches, as good trees will be 
verv scarce this season. 

" CHAS. F HACKETT, Manager. 

We offer all kinds of : 



.. Nursery stock. 

STRAWBERRY PLANTS at re- 
duced prices; 1 doz. rooted GRAPE 
VINES of CONCORD, NIAGARA, 
WARDEN, etc., at $1; all healthy stock 
and fumigated before shipped; grown 
on ideal land for fine roots and smooth 
bodies. 

Send for Special Price to Planters. 

EMPORIA NURSERIES 

EflPORlA, VA. 

No. 1 Agents wanted. We refer to 
any business house here as to our hon- 
esty. 



I 

' vr 



How Sweet Sells 



i 



There are no agents' misrepresentations or 

impositions when you buy of us. We employ 

none. you fee none. We ate responsible direct to 

you. Our stock has the vigor, health and fruiting' 

luality which comes from careful growing-. People 

who have been buying Sweet's Genesee Valley 

FRUIT TREES 

shrubs. vines, etc. for35 years say we treat them right. 
We make right fllling of orders a personal matter. 
That's something. We encourage neighbors to join 
in sending orders and get the benefit of club rates 
and low freights. We recognize that our long dis- 
tance trading depends on our pleasing patrons. 
You are invited to investigate. Our catalog 
always free. Write for it today. 
Established 1869. 



*. ta 

I 



GEO. A. SWEET NURSERY CO., 

22 Maple St., Dansville, N. Y. 



I 




Strawberry Culture 

A 00-page book, makes you un- 
derstand the whole subject. Sent 
postpaid on receipt of 25c, silver 
or lc stamps. Worth four times 
the price. Money back if > ou don't 
think so. Beautiful illustrated 
Strawberry Catalogue Free. 

W.F. ALLEN, SALIS URY,MD. 



C?/2#) FOR LARGEST 
&**+** WATERMELONS 

After 40 years of experimenting and testing all notable 
varieties of watermelons, w e now recommend, especially, 
".Tendcrai^eet " lor home use and "Emerald** for both 
home and market. We think they are the best obtainable. 
Seeds 10c a paper in silver. 24.000 papers. The purchaser 
who crows the largest melon of either variety will posi- 
tively receive one tenth of our gross sales of seedB of that 
Variety. Coiitloni Wrap your silver in a little paper. 
Und write your name and P. O. Address plainly. 
LEE SEED CO., Burnt Corn, Ala. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



45 



DIGGS & BEADLES 

RELIABLE SEEDS 

FOR 1904. 

New crop Tobacco, Cabbage, Radish, 
Beets, Lettuce and all Seeds of the high- 
est quality and germination for the Gar- 
dener and Farmer. 

DIGGS &. BEADLES, 

1709 E. Franklin St., - Richmond, Va. 

Catalogue mailed FREE on requpst. 

PEDIGREED SEED CORN. 

Three varieties pure white corn. 
Huffman, large, late, for fertile soils 
only. Improved Watson, medium, for 
medium soils. Hickory King, espe- 
cially adapted for cultivation on thin 
uplands. Price, $1.20 per bush., f. o. b. 
Normandy. PROGRESS FARM, 

Box 52. Normandy, Tenn. 

Alfalfa Bacteria 
Infected Soil 

Can be obtained from Ewell Farm Ex 
perimental Plot A perfect stand three 
years of age, abundantly supplied with 
root nodules. Price $1.00 per 2 bus. 
burlap bag, weight about 150 lbs., f. o. b. 
Ewell's Station, Tenn. 
GEO. CAMPBELL BROWN, 

Spring Hill Tenn. 




The Fruit Grower, 

published at St. Joseph, Mo", 
will be sent! year if you send 
25c and names of 10 farmers 
who grow fruit. "The Fruit- 
Grower is the best fruit paper 
we have, East or West."— Prof. 
Price, Dean Ohio Agt. College. 
Etastntsd. R«gular price 60c a, jetr. 
Par maple address 

FRUIT-CROWER CO., 
2S. 7th Si., SI. Jos eph. Mo. 



THE PEACH GROWER 

Fr-uit Cultvirist and 
Trucher's Magazine 
Published Monthly, Atlanta, Ga. Is indispens- 
able to growers of fruit and truck. Best horti- 
culturists in the land are regular contributors, 
Handsomely printed and illustrated. Send 26 
cents and names of 25 fruit growers, for a year's 
subscription. You can't afford to miss reports of 
Georgia experiments now being made on peach 
orchards. 

s- WANTED Zb 

Shippers of POULTRY of all Kinds, 

Dressed HOGS, GAME, etc., to write to 

E. W. EVANS & CO., 

1313 E. Cary 8t., RICHMOND, VA. 
For prices before shipping elsewhere. 

HOW TO FEED AND BREED HOGS 

is of importance to swine growers. # A. 

practical, clean, common-sense swine 

paper for farmers can be had from now 

> January, 1905, by sending 10 Cent! 

In Silver at once to 

BLOODED STOCK, 
Oxford, Pa. 




CURING HAMS. 

"Enquirer," wants to know how to 
keep hams free from insects. We keep 
our hams through the second year per- 
fectly clear of any insects. 

We usually kill our hogs by the first 
of December. After having been salt- 
ed and packed down for six weeks, we 
wash and let it dry a day or two, then 
with whole grain black pepper ground 
as for table use, put into molasses — 
not syrup — till tolerably thick, smear 
well over the flesh side of the meat 
and well into the end of the bones, and 
hang up — we do not smoke. Keep 
some of the mixture convenient to put 
on any spot that should get bare. Our 
meat hangs till used. V. V. 



REMITTANCES OF MONEY THRO' 

THE MAILS. 
From Report of Hon. E. C. Madden, 
Third Assistant Postmaster Gen- 
eral, December. 1903. 
The practice of the public of using 
postage stamps for small remittances 
in the mails has grown to enormous 
proportions. The result is that the de- 
partment loses heavily, not only be- 
cause of improper sales by postmasters 
for that purpose, thereby increasing 
their compensation wrongfully, but in 
imposing upon postofflces, especially in 
the large cities, the labor of handling 
mail matter the revenues from which 
are derived by other postofflces. It 
encourages trafficking in postage 
stamps, and this encourages the rob- 
bery of postoffices. Many plans have 
been proposed for obviating this evil, 
but none which have come to my at- 
tention equal in simplicity, effective- 
ness and efficiency, the "post-check" 
proposition. With such a simple means 
of making remittances, merchants 
would soon be compelled to refuse 
postage stamps as currency. The post- 
age stamp would then lose its value 
for the purpose of remittance. I rec- 
ommend this subject to your favorable 
consideration, and trust that you may 
deem it proper to recommend that this 
system of transmitting money in the 
mails be authorized at least in an ex- 
perimental way. 



TOOK HIS MEDTCINE. 

Scrap formed an acquaintance with 
the baker's small daughter, Sophie — 
not quite as neat and agreeable a 
young person as could be desired, so 
his mother absolutely forbade him to 
go over to the bakery or invite Sophie 
to our house. Time and again the at- 
traction across the street proved too 
great, and Scrap disobeyed. At last 
the mandate went forth: Scrap was to 
be whipped if he went again. This was 
too terrible, so days passed and Scrap 
contented himself with only watching 
Sophie from the parlor window. At 
last one afternoon he burst into his 
mother's room with despair on his 
small face. 

"Mamma," he exclaimed, "whip me 
now please, hard, quick as you can, for 
I must go to see Sophie!" — Lucy C. 
Lillie, in January Lippincott's. 



Bad grocer 
confesses h i s 
badness by sell- 
ing bad lamp- 
chimneys. 

Macbeth. 

You need to know how to manage your 
lamps to have comfort with them at small cost 
Better read my Index ; I send it free. 

Macbeth, Pittsburgh. 

= WA NTED = 

A good settled man with small fam- 
ily to attend to 20 cows and 15 heifers, 
all thoroughbred. Must understand 
feeding for quality as well as quan- 
tity and keep daily record of same; as- 
sistant furnished. Up-to-date barn 
latest improvements, with two 50-ton 
silos attached. Address 

F. T. ENGLISH, 

"The Hermitage," Centreville, Md 



WANTED! 

ALL KINDS OF 

LIVE Wl> D BIRDS AND ANIMALS 

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White 
Squirrels, Ducks, Swans, Bob White Quail, 
Grey Squirrels, Bear, Etc. 

CECIL FRENCH, 
718 Twelfth St. N. W., Washington D. C. 



Examine Your Cattle for Lice 

GIBSON'S LIQUID LICE KILLER 

Kills Lice on Cattle, Horses. Hogs and 

Fowls. Your money back if it fails. 

Gallon Can $1.00. 

GIBSON & LAMB, West Alexander, Pa. 



WHffifE 

GREENSBORO, N.C. 

For the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE .nd 
other Drug Addictions. The Tobbacce Habit, Nerve Exhaustion 

NO MORE BUND HORSES— For Specifics 
Ophthalmia, Moon Blindness and other Son 
Eyes. BARRY CO., Iowa City, la., have a 
cure. 

Mention the Southebn Plantkb in 
writing. 



46 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



[January 



FARMS FOR SALE! 

No. 16. 
130 acres — 20 acres hardwood, bal- 
ance in good state of improvement, and 
a splendid quality of red clay subsoil; 
60 acres in wheat and timothy; 20 
acres in meadow, balance is new land, 
and will be for corn next spring. Situ- 
ated in excellent neighborhood of re- 
fined people. Twenty-two miles from 
Washington, 5 miles from Herudon 
Station. Fronts on pike. Comfort- 
able 4-room house and all building 
Farm watered by large branches. 
Price, $20.00 per acre. Terms, to suit 
purchaser. 



No. 17. 
80 acres — 15 acres in hardwood, bal- 
ance in grass, except 20 acres for corn. 
Fronts on pike; 5 miles from railroad 
station. Watered by large branch. 
All in good state of cultivation. No 
buildings. Price, $18.00 per acre. Easy 
terms. 



No. 18. 
385 acres in lower Loudoun county, 
only 23 miles from Washington; 40 
acres in hardwood, balance in good 
state of cultivation, divided into 8 
fields, with running water in all; well 
fenced; adopted to grain and grass. 
Two good cattle barns, a good, comfor- 
table 7-room dwelling, with a large, 
bold spring within 50 yards, an dall 
necessary autbuildings. Situated 4J 
miles from Sterling Station. This 
farm has 137 fine stock sheep and 21 
fat cattle weighing 1,200 pounds now; 
80 acres sown in wheat and rye; 50 
acres in meadow and balance of fields 
and pasture. If bought within the 
next GO days the wheat afld sheep will 
go with the farm. Price, $8,000, on 
easy terms. Write for full description. 



No. 19. 
215 acres in upper Fairfax county, 
20 miles from Washington; 6 miles 
from railroad; fronts on pike; near 
village with stores, post-office, churches 
and shops. Splendid brown chocolate 
clay soil. Seven fields, watered by 
branches and springs. A good 6-room 
frame house and all necessary farm 
buildings; 60 acres sown in wheat and 
grass; 25 in rye and grass; 30 in 
meadow, balance in pasture and for 
corn — all in good condition. Price, 
$25.00 per acre; one-third cash, balance 
on 6 years' time, if desired. 



No. 5. 
Contains 163 acres; one-half under 
cultivation; balance in second-growth 
timber. Good seven-room dwelling and 
necessary outbuildings; good orchard 
in fine fruit section. Farm lies near 
Southern railroad, twenty miles from 
Washington; well watered; a splendi 
dairy farm. Price, $2,000. 



hickory. Fronts on the pike running 
from Winchester to Alexandria; five 
miles from railroad; one-half mile 
from proposed electric railroad. Ex- 
cellent six-room dwelling house, with 
broad halls, standing in a large, nicely- 
shaded blue-grass lawn; all necessary 
outbuildings; land chocolate clay, with 
stiff clay subsoil; all level, but rolling 
enough to drain well; fine for wheat 
and grass; well watered. Owner con- 
templates making improvements. But 
if sold before, price $25 per acre, on 
easy terms. 



I have a number of other good farms 
for sale, both large and small. Write 
for description and state just what you 
want, and will be glad to serve you. 
W. E. MILLER. Herndon, Va. 



Farm No. 2. 
Contains 265 acres; 215 under culti- 
vation; 50 acres original oak and 



HIGHCLERE LUSTRE CARLISLE. 

This magnificent young boar, one of 
the best and truest types of the pure 
English Berkshire, has just been added 
to the herd of Duntreath Stock Farm, 
and fully measures up to the require- 
ments of that farm's motto— "Bred-in- 
the-Purple." 

Highclere Lustre Carlisle is a son 
of that famous English boar Royal 
Carlisle, winner of the first prize at 
the great Royal Show of England, by 
Faithful Commons, himself a great 
boar, and out of May Burton III, one 
of England's greatest show and brood 
sows, while his dam, Topper's Lustre, 
a top-notcher, is by the world famous 
Highclere Topper (a boar that won 
every first prize but one in England 
and America for which he was shown), 
and out of the famous Lustre proba- 
bly for her opportunities the greatest 
brood sow ever owned in America. 

Better breeding cannot be found, and 
this combination of the bluest blood 
of all England and America's cham- 
pions has produced a magnificent type, 
near perfection, well sprung ribs, per- 
fect head, splendid back, with deep 
heavy hams coming well down over 
hock and into flank, and perfectly 
straight on feet and legs. 

It always gives us pleasure to learn 
of any advancement in the breeding 
stock of the South, and we congratu- 
late the management of Duntreath 
Stock Farm on this acquisition and we 
predict that the get of this blue blood 
aristocrat will maintain the high rep- 
utation of his great ancestry and that 
of Duntreath Berkshires. 



T. W. Wood & Sons, seedsmen, have 
just issued two interesting leaflets, one 
about Canada field peas for sowing 
during January and February, and the 
other about Tobacco Dust Insecticide. 
Both are very timely and valuable. To- 
bacco Dust Insecticide is being very 
largely used now during the winter as 
a preventive of strawberry weevil, 
fruit tree borers and other insects 
which prey on fruits and vegetables. 
These leaflets will be mailed free, on 
request to T. W. Wood & Sons at Rich- 
mond, Va. 



ITOBTBEB1T 

Grain, Fruit, Dairy and Bine 
brass Farms of Every Class within 
one hour of Washington, D. O. 

LOUUOCN COUNTY 
Farms a Specialty.... 

Catalogue on application. 

P. B. BUELL & SON, 
Real Estate Brokers, 

Herndon, Fairfax Co., Va. 

UnMEQ AND THE PLACE TO 
nUIVIto FIND THEM. . . 

No place in the United States can a 
man do so well atfarming, for th e money 
invested, as in Virginia. Lands are 
cheap; climate good, and the best of 
markets close at hand. It is the State 
of all others, for a comfortable all the 
year round home. The James River 
Valley Colonization and Improvement 
Company ofler superior advantages to 
land purchasers. For free 36 page land 
pamphlet, address 

W. A. PARSONS, Vinita, Va. 

C &0 Main St. Depot, Richmoud, Va. 

.♦To Homeseekers*. 

"THE BUSINESS OF FARMING 
IN VIRGINIA." 

Is the title of a new pamphlet Issued by the 
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We 
will gladly mail you a copy. 
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERBR, Agt., 
G. P. A., Lands and Immigration, 
Roanoke, Va. 

I HAVE A LARGE LIST OF 

FRUIT, POULTRY and TRUCK FARMS 

Tea, Fifty and One Hundred Acres each, with 

good buildings, close to steam and trolley 

lines, easy access to the city. Also, 

GRAIN AND STOCK FARMS 

Prom 100 to 1,000 acres at low prices— all the 

way from $5 to $60 per acre. Write for 

Catalogue. 

J. R. HOCKADAY, Richmond, Va. 

Box 257. 

IF YOU WISH TO SELL 

OH UUV 

VIRGINIA LANDS 

Communicate with us. Write for free 
"Virginia Real Estate Journal," con- 
taining many splendid bargains. 
R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., Inc , 

No. 1 N 10th St., Richmond, Va 

FARM WANTED 

to work on shares; dairy farm preferred; 
must be stocked. B. H. VAN nATER, 
Hazlet, N. J. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



47 



/ Can Sell Your Farm.... 

If located In one of these Virginia counties: 
Prince George, Chesterfield, King William, 
Gloucester, New Kent, King and Queen, 
Hanover. Send description, stating price. 
JOHN JELINEK, 1116 Pine Alley, 
Braddock, Pa. 

QUARTZ and MICA grinding mill for 
sale on railroad; list of 500 custom- 
ers. Close to millions of tons of 
quartz, feldspar and mica section. 
G. G. TEMPLE, Danville, Va. 

"In the Green Fields of Virginia." 

Homes for all; Health for all; Happiness and 
Independence for all. All sizes of Farms at 
corresponding prices, but all reasonable. 

MACON & CO., Orange, Va. 

VIRGINIA FARMS 

S3 PER ACRE AND UPWARDS, 

BASY PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FREE 

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Va. 

Established 1S75. 



CIMC CADMC in tne great fruit grain and 
rillL rHnlllO stock section of VIRGINIA. 

Best climate and water in the U. S. Near great 
markets, with best educational advantages. 
For further information, address 

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO., 
Sam'l B. Woods. Pres. Chariottesville, Va. 



Go South. 



For full par- 
ticulars write 
A. JEFFERS, 
Norfolk, Va. 



VIRGINIA FARMS 

All prices and sizes, Fre« list ra applleatlM. 
WM.B. PIZZINI CO., Richmond. Va. 

LEGHORN POULTRY FARM 




US*UmHSh9BU&1 



Has for sale a limited number of S. C. 
BROWN' and S. C. WHITE LEGHORN 
Pullets arid Roosters. Best layers known, 
Prize Winning 3tock. Price, $1.00, $1.50 each. 
Eggs In season at $1.00 for 16; $2.50 for 50; 
$5.00 per 100. Satisfaction guaranteed. 

Address A. T. MATTHEWS. Box 36. Parksley, Va. 



THREE IN ONE. 

A farmer living not far from Phil- 
adelphia sent to an employment agency 
in that city for a farm hand. The 
agency notified the farmer that one 
William Collins would arrive at his 
place the following morning in time 
for breakfast. William arrived as 
promised and in excellent season, but 
not quite early enough to assist with 
the milking. He was about seven feet 
tall and slim as a hay-fork. 

When he took his seat at the break- 
fast-table and really got action on the 
family laid down their knives and 
forks and stared. It Was evident that 
William had missed several meals be- 
fore he arrived, for he put away every- 
thing in sight. 

"Perhaps you had better eat your 
dinner too while you are here," sug- 
gested the farmer sarcastically as he 
observed his new hand looking wist- 
fully at the empty plates. 

"Maybe it would be a good idea," 
said William in a pleased tone. 

The farmer's wife cooked more food 
and placed it before him. His dinner 
disappeared with the same rapidity as 
had his breakfast. But when he had 
finished he made no motion to leave 
the table. 

"Probably you could eat your supper 
now also," said the farmer, whose 
amazement had given place to wrath. 

"I'm sure of it," answered William, 
and he waited contentedly until the 
farmer's wife cooked and set before 
him his supper. When this, likewise, 
was gone the farmer said peremptori- 
ly, "Now, get to work as fast as you 
can." 

"Oh. no." said William as he arose 
leisurely from the table. "I never work 
after supper." — Caroline Lockhart, in 
January Lippincott's. 



The stump pullers, grubbing ma- 
chines and derricks, manufactured by 
the National Hoist & Machine Co., of 
Chicago, 111., ai\d advertised elsewhere 
in this paper, are widely recognized as 
the lightest and best ever introduced 
to the public notice. They are stan- 
dard machines, and are sold nearly 
everywhere. They do their work most 
perfectly, and satisfactorily, and are 
held at a price, within the means of 
almost any one, who has use for such 
implements. The grubbing machine 
is a combination derrick and grubber. 
The derrick has a fork attachment, and 
is used for loading manure, etc., from 
pile or surface of yard, onto wagons. 
The company wants agents to handle 
these machines. Circulars giving full 
particulars, sent on application. 



PROFITABLE HOGS. 
This is the title of a valuable pam- 
phlet sent us by the David E. Foutz 
Co.. Baltimore, Md. It is, in fact, an 
address made by F. C. Root, V. S., 
M. D„ before the Continental Associa- 
tion of American Farmers, held last 
September. Our readers are requested 
to send for it. 



Patented 



Genuine CYPHERS 

INCUBATORS 

ARE GUARANTEED 

To hatch a larger percentage of fertile eggs, 
To produce larger and more vigorous chicks. 
To operate with less oil and expense, 
To require no supplied moisture, 

To be self-ventilating, [lator, 

To have a more sensitive, accurate and durable regu- 
To maintain a more even temperature, 
To be more strictly autumatic in action and 
To give better results in your hands than any other 
make or style incubator in the world. 

St Ten years test has proved our claims. We 
back abOTe guarantee by everj dollar we p< s- 
aesfl. 1 1 tb« Ciphers does Dot doeatiafactory 
werk Id jour hands, you get your money 
back. Eodoraed and adopted by 36 Govern- 
ment Experiment Stations and used by a 
large majority of the leading poultry men. 
Catalog for 1 904 free i f you name this paper. 
Address nearest office. 




STRICTLY 
"-AUTOMATIC 

THROUGHOUT 



Cyphers IncubatorCo., Buffalo. Chicago. Hew York. Boston. 




VICTOR 

Incubators 



i 



are truthfully pictured and their 
actual working t»id in about 30 
of the 80 pa.-es of our new cata- 
logue. The rest of the book 
gives information about the 
chicken business. We begin the story in the egg and end 
it with the marketing of the fowls. There's knowledge 
which will benefit anyone and may mean dollars to you. 
Our incubators are driving hens out of business. They work 
egardless of weather or of seasons You can count on 
hatching every fertile egg. Money back if not all we claim. 
We pay freight. The book is free. Just say "Send Victor 

Book"andwe'lldoit. GEO. ERTEL CO.,Quincv, IP. 

!"■!■ Illl TlfTI IIIHIIIililMiHnWM-aiM^^^^Mi 




IT IS A FACT 



that poultry pays a larger profit 
for the money invested than any 
other business; that anybody may 
make a success of it without long 
training or previous experience; 
that the Rename Incubator* and IS rood ers will give 
the best resultsin all cases. OurSOth Century Poultry 
Book tells just why, and a hundred other things you 
should know. "We mail the book for 10 cents. Write 
to-day. We have 115 yards of thoroughbred poultry. 
IEUABLE INCUBATOR & BROODER CO., Box B-11 Quincy, 111. 

NO GAS TO KILL 

Very little lamp gas in an incubator egg chamber often 
kills every germ. No gas can possibly creep into the 

SURE HATCH INCVBATOR 

» because it's heated by our rustless, heavy 
'copper, hot water circulator. Don't waste 
money and lose good eggs experiment- 
ing with poor incubators. Send for free 
catalogue. D 35 and learn why the Sure 
Hatch hatches sure. £ure Hatch Incu- 
bator Go., Clay Center, Neb. and Indianapolis, IndV 




EA5YM0NEY 



is made by installing a ilawkeye 

Incubator. Little cost, little care, 

results sure, profits large. 80 l>ays' 

I Free Trial. Catalogue free. Mention 

| this paper.— Howkeye Incubator 

[Co., Hox 40, Newton, Iowa. 




T TOUR IDEAS 

. 00,000 offered for one in- 
vention; $8,500 for another. 
Book "How to Obtain a Patent" 
and "What to Invent "sent free. Send 
roug-h sketch for free report as to 
patentability. We advertise your 
patent for sale at our expense. 
CHANDLEE & CHANDLEE, Patent Attorney* 
976 F Street, Washington, D. C. 

^e40 VARIETIES^ 

BEST POULTRY. 

Fine large Poultry Guide, 6c. You 
canDot afford to be without it. Price 
List FREE. Write to-day. 

JOHN E. HEATWOLE. Harrisonburg, Va. 



48 



THE SOUTHS EN PLANTER. 



[January 



Little Chicks 

thrive when fed on our 
BABY CHICK FOOD. 

A perfect balanced food. Send for free 
sample and our large Illustrated catalog 
of POULTRY SUPPLIES, 

INCUBATORS and 

BROODERS. 

FANCIERS' SUPPLY CO., 

517-519 West Broad St., 

Richmond, Va. 

EVERYTHING FOR THE FANCIER. 






Farm=Raised Poultry. 

Two distinct flocks of Mammoth Bronze Tur- 
keys from which we make matings for breoding 
purposes at reasonable prices. Eggs in season 

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, 
WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS. 

BIRDS AND EGG". 
PROGRESS FARM, Boz 52, Normandy, Tenn 

COCKERELS. 

Barred Plymouth Rock 
and S. C. B. Leghorn. 

Turkeys all sold. Eggs in season. 
Mrs. JNO. F. PAYNE, University Sta- 
tion. Charlottesville, Va. 

CLAIRMONT DAIRY FARM. 



Rose Comb Black Minorcas. 

They have all the good qualities of 
the single combs, and as egg producers 
they are superior on account of their 
combs not being affected by frost. 

20 Cockerels for sale — -price, reason- 
able. Eggs in season. 
T. J. McGOWAN, Barton Heights, Va. 

/lost Fashionable Strains of 

POULTRY and STOCK. 

"Protection" Duroc Jersey Hogs; "Perfec- 
tion" Poland-China Hogs. Hawkins, Thomp- 
son Bradley Bros., Miles and Conger Barred 
Plymouth Rocks 

The Home of high breds. My motto : Fan- 
eier's stock, Farmer's prices, 
The Cedars Wfl. G. OWENS, 

P. & S. Farm. Midlothian, Va. 

ORPINGTON CHICKENS and 

POLAND-CHINA PIGS. 

EGGS from my best strain of Buff Orpingtons, 
$1 00 per 15, SX00perf>0. A few Cockerels at $1.00 
to Sl.fK) Poland-' hina Pigs 8 to 10 wks. old at 
$3.75 each, or 87.00 pair, 810.00 trio. These carry 
the very best blood. 

OCCONEECHEE FARM, 

Mecklenburg Co. JEPPRRSS. VA. 

BARRED PLYHOUTH ROCKS 

and S. C. B. LEGHORNS at $1 

Each, or 5 for $4.50. EGGS of same in 
season, 75c. for 15. r\r&. A. W. DAVIS, 
li Ian ton, Va. 



GOOD HOUSEKEEPING. 

SALSIFY SOUP. 

One of the most delicate and deli- 
cious of all the soups in made of salsify 
and costs almost nothing when one 
is so fortunate as to live on a farm. 

Parboil the salsify and scrape it. 
Put one quart of salsify into a pot with 
five pints of water and the bones of a 
roasted chicken, or a squirrel. Boil 
until the salsify is soft, take them out 
and put through a seive, return to the 
soup and add one quart of rich milk, 
two large spoons of butter, two eggs 
beaten very light, and mixed with a 
little cold water before putting them 
into the hot soup. Let it all boil up 
once and serve hot with bread cut into 
small squares and toasted a rich 
brown. 

STEWED OYSTERS. 

Drain off the liquor from a gallon of 
oysters and put it in a pan to heat. 
Skim well. Have one quart of milk 
scalding hot, pour it into the boiling 
liquor, now put in the oysters, and add 
one-half cup of melted butter, salt, pep- 
per, a dash of red pepper and a cup of 
chopped celery. Just before taking it 
from the fire add the yolk of an egg 
beaten very light and a dessert spoon 
of cornstarch, mixed with a little cold 
water. Serve with crackers or toasted 
bread. 

STUFFED STEAK. 

Select three nice pieces of round 
steak. Trim off the ragged edges and 
take out the hone. Lav the largest 
piece in a pan and cover it with a 
stuffing made with bread crumbs, salt, 
pepper, butter, a little sage, and a few 
teaspoons of onion juice, damped with 
a little water or stock. Then put the 
next piece of steak on this and stuff 
as before. Put on the top piece and 
sprinkle on a little of the dressing. 
Either pin this together with skewers 
or wind a cord about it so as to keep it 
in place and put the pan on the stove 
with a cup of hot water, to keep the 
steak from burning. Let it cook slow- 
ly, basting constantly. Serve hot, cut- 
ting the pieces through the three lay- 
ers of meat. If the steak is tough lay 
it in a pan with vinegar and water for 
an hour before preparing. 

FRIED STEAK. 

Tough steak is much better fried 
than broiled, and if the vegetable com- 
pound is used instead of lard, I think 
it is fully as healthful as the broiled, 
and possibly more so. Soak the steak 
for awhile in vinegar and water, cut 
it into pieces as big as your hand, beat 
it thoroughly on both sides and dip it 
into flour seasoned with salt and pep- 
per. Have the lard as hot as possible 
and fry the steak quickly, turning 
several times. If you have a few 
canned tomatoes left over turn them 
on the steak just before taking it off, 
adding a little water and thickening 
to the gravy. 

SAUSACE. 

Grind fifteen pounds of lean meat 
and three pounds of backbone fat and 
if you can get it. put in two pounds of 
lean beef. Season with six tablespoons 



HOLLYBROOK FARM 

Barred Plymouth Rocks 

Are healthy, vigorous stock, from the 
best laying strains in this country. 

We have first-class cockerels and pul- 
lets for sale, at $1.50 each. A good 
chance to infuse new blood into your 
flocks. 

We also have a few Silver Laced 
and White Wyandotte cockerels. $1.50 
to $2.00 each. 

HENRY W. WOOD, 

Box 330. RICHMOND, VA. 

.. Eggs for Sitting. .. 

When you want eggs for your Incubator or 
hens, why not give me a trial and get as good 
as the best at cut-throat prices. BARRF.D P. 
ROCKS, WHITE WYANDOTTES, LIGHT 
BRAHMAS, WHITE and BUFF ORPING- 
TONS. A number of Cockerels for sale. 

BRUSHY HILL POULTRY YARDS, 
O. E. SHOOK, Prop. New Sterling, N. C. 

barred and White 

PLYMOUTH ROCKS 

Single and R. C. B. Leghorn, S. L. 
Wyandottes, Light Brahma and B. 
Minorca Cockerels for sale. $1 per sin- 
gle bird; a trio for $3. 
J. B. JOHNSON, Clover Hill Farm, 
Manassas, Va. 




SILVER-LACED 

WYANDOTTES. 

New blood, choice specimens, 
strong and healthy birds of 
fine plumage, ready for ship- 
ment at $1.00 each. Also 
pure-bred POLAND-CHINA 
FIGS at $5.00 each. 

Dr. H. H. LEE, 

Lexington, Va. 



FTKTC TTTDTTpVC "Bred for Breeders." 

The Mammoth Bronze Is the finest speci- 
men of turkey in the world. I do not hesi- 
tate to say that I have the finest birds In 
Virginia. If you will file your orders now 
you will get choice ones out of a choice 
flock. I also have a few Barred Plymouth 
Rocks for sale. My fowls are all thorough 
bred. Write for circulars and rates. 

PIEDMONT POULTRY PLACF, 
Miss E. Callie Giles, Prop. - Whittle's Depot, Va. 

FIRST CLASS FOWLS 

FOR SALE, CHEAP. 

Barred, Buff and White Plymouth Rocks, 
White Wyandottes, Light Brahmas, Buff and 
Partridge Cochins, Black ninorcas. Black 
Langsbans, Brown and White Leghorns. 

Now is the time to secure bargains. 
Oakland Poultry Farm, ■ 

C. J. WARINER, Mgr., Ruffin, N. C. 



BUFF ORPINGTONS. 

A few utility bred birds for sale. Write 
for prices. T. M. KING, 

R. F. D. 2, Hagan, Lee Co., Va. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



49 



Mammoth Bronze Turkeys, 
Poland=China Pigs, 

from best prize winning stock. Special 
prices for December. 

Red Polled Cattle, 
Shetland Ponies. 

A good saddle horse; fine jumper. 

Arrowhead Stock Farm, 

SAM'L B. WOODS, Prop., Charlottes ille ,Va 

OAKSHADE n. B. Turkeys 
and Huguenot W. Wyandottes, 

: FOR SALE : 

Raised on 400 acre blue grass farm — the 
best 1 have ever seen. Eggs from White, 
Buff and Partridge Wyandottes in season 
Address Huguenot Poultry Yards, 
~ '""... Dublin. Va. 

COCKERELS, (Wyckoff Strain.) 
S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS. 

To make room I will sell at $1.50 
«*ch. For prize winners write to 
C. G. M. FINK, Rosneath Road, 

Henrico county, Va. 

BROWN LEGHORNS. 

Young stock for sale in 

Fall. Prices reasonable. 

White Plymouth Rocks. 

R.W. HAW, Jr., - - Centralia, Va. 

PIT GAMES 

Black Devils and Red Cubans. 

These cocks won 90 per cent, of battles 
fought in 1902 and 1903. and have never lost 
a battle when gameness and cutting quali- 
ties could win. Choice lot of young and old 
stock for sale. 

THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va. 

S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS. 

Fine Cockerels, Wyckoff strain. $1 50. 
Fine Cockerels from Biltmore prize 
birds. §2.00. Write for prices on pens, 
choice matings Eggs Der sitting, $1.00. 
Mrs. J. W. WALTERS, Christiansburg, Va. 

WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS 

FORSH.E. Of the improved strain Munifi- 
cent birds, large and gentle. Write Tor prices. 

Mrs. LIZZIE DYER, Versailles. Tenn. 



FOR SALE 



M B. Turkevs, B P. Rocks. White Wyan- 
dotte and S. C B. Leghorn One great winter 
lavfrpj Chickens; Pekin Ducks, all of finest 
stock Add-ese Miss CLARA L. SMITH, 
CKOXTfiv. Cnroline. Co., Va. 



SILVER-LACED WYANDOTTES 

For sale. Roosters and Pullets. $1.00 each. 
G. F. COX, Irwin, Va. 



of salt. Eight tablespoons of sage, five 
tablespoons of black pepper, half a 
teaspoon of cayenne, one grated nut- 
meg. Scatter the seasoning over the 
ground meat and mix it with as little 
kneading as possible. 

TOMATO SALAD. 

Cook a can of tomatoes until soft. 
Put them through the colander. Soak 
a half box of gelatine in a cup of water. 
Add this to the tomatoes and stir until 
thoroughly dissolved. Of course the 
tomatoes must be hot when the gela- 
tine is put in. Add salt, pepper, a pinch 
of cayenne, and a teaspoon of onion 
juice, pour it into small cups, and when 
cold turn them out on crisp lettuce 
leaves and serve with mayonnaise. 

TIPSY PARSON. 

Bake a sponge cake in a mold and 
set it aside for three days, then it is 
stale enough. Cut off the top very 
carefully, taking care not to break it. 
Now scoop out all the inside of the 
cake, leaving it about an inch thick 
on the bottom and sides. Moisten this 
with wine put on in spoonfuls. Make 
a filling with a pint of rich cream 
brought almost to the boiling point, in 
which a half box of gelatine is to be 
dissolved. The gelatine must be soaked 
in half a box of cold water for two 
hours before using. Sweeten the cream 
with bitter almond or orange extract. 
When it begins to cool churn it to a 
stiff froth, fill the cake and replace the 
top. Set it on ice until the next day 
and serve with a custard made with a 
pint of milk, three eggs, half a cup of 
sugar and a teaspoon of vanilla. 

JELLY CAKE. 

Six eggs beaten separately very light. 
Half pound of butter. Half pound of 
sugar. One pound of flour, with one 
teaspoon of baking powder sifted twice. 
One cup of milk. Cream the butter 
and sugar and the yolks of the eggs 
together. Stir in the milk and add al- 
ternately the flour and the white of the 
eggs. Season with vanilla and bake in 
thin jelly cake pans. While hot spread 
a thin layer of jelly on each layer and 
pile at once. 

BOTI.ED ICING. 

One poiing of sugar dissolved in one 
small cup of boiling water and set on 
the stove to boil until it threads, then 
pour it over the whites of two eggs. 
(Do not beat the eggs but simply break 
them up.) Beat hard until it begins 
to thicken and then add a pinch of 
baking powder and stir it in well, 
spread quickly on the cake. 

Car.vven. 



There is much of technical informa- 
tion, and much information that if 
carefully studied and followed cannot 
but result to increase profits for any 
noultry man, in tht new Victor Book 
i'lst issued by the Geo. Ertel Co.. of 
Qnincy. In addition to being a com- 
plete catalogue of their lines of in- 
cubators, brooders and poultry cata- 
logues, there are nearly figty pages of 
facts and figures, hints and helps, by 
which anv poultryman, especially the 
novice, can profit. 



— KawaBi^BfflrlWlWW— ^^ 

Products Are Good 

Scotch Collies. 

Among the famous sires now at 
Filston are Lord Tweedmouth,sire 
of Dorothy C. and many notable 
prizewinners; Filston' s Galopin, 
Filston 's Hero and many others, 
representing the best collie blood 
ever brought to America. 

These dogs are at stud, or pup- 
pies of this choice stock may be 
procured from time to time. Cor- 
respondence solicited. 

Filston Farm, Glencoe, Md. 

• COLLIE PUPS • 

By Imported Sires Sable and white and tri- 
colors. Prices. $8 to SJ15. Older ones correspond- 
ingly low- Book on Training. 50 cents: Free if 
you buy a Collie. MAPLEMOXT STOi K FA RM, 
Albany. Vermont. 



BUILD YOUR OWN INCUBATOR 



You can do this easily with common tools and 
Save More Than Halt; > Our Complete 
Book of Plans instructs fully. "We sell you at 
cost all fixtures like Tank, Lamp, Regulator, 
etc. No Experiment. Handsome Catalog Free* 
<HANSO.\, SNOW & CO., l>ept.i5gQuincy, 111. 



Rhode Island Red and White Wyandotte 
COCKERELS 

FOR SALE. Good stock and fine birds. Also 2 
yr. old ESSEX BOAR. J. W. MORRIS, Waldrop, Va. 

PURE-BRED 

M. BRONZE TURKEYS, GOLDEN and 
SILVER PENCILED HAMBURG and BAR- 
RED PLYMOUTH ROCK Chickens. Eggs la 
season. For sale by T. J. WOOLDRIDOB, 
French Hay, V». 

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS 

FOR SALE Apply to 

R. E. CREE, Crozet, Va. 

HawKsley StocK Farm 

has 2 nice Berkshire Boars for sale, 6 
rnos old; will have no more pigs to sell 
until April. A few S. C. B. Leghorn 
Cockerels left a $i each. Eggs in seas- 
on. J.T.OLIVER, Alien's Level, Va. 





WIRE $1.40 



PEB 
1O0 
LBS. 

SMOOTH GALVANIZED WIRE 

put up 100 lbs. to a bale, gauges from 
11 to ] i inclusive. Lengths running up 
to 250 ft. Per 100 lbs. »1.40. Fence 
Staples), all sizes, per 100 lbs. 12.00. 
Wire Nailn, assorted in a keg, per 
100 lbs. ei.70. Barbed Wire, per 
100 lbs. 62.60. Poultry Netting. Field Fence, etc., at 
low prices. Auk i'or free catalogue No. ir>, on 
merchandiseofall kinds from Sheriffs and Receivers sales 
VII K Alio Hill SB WU.KC1UNU CO. , 35th i lros Sis, Chicago. 



50 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



[January 



ANGUS CATTLE FOR SALE 

Low Considering Quality. 




1 Reg. Bull, very fine, 10 mos. old. 
1 Reg. Bull, 6 mos old. 1 Reg. Bull, 4 
mos. old. Lot of I grades bull calves. 
1 bull calf out of a Hereford cow by 
Reg. Angus bull 5 mos. 

The above stock are as fine as can 
be found in Virginia, and will be sold 
reasonable. 

W. M. WATKINS & SONS, 

Saxe, Charlotte Co., Va. 

FOR SALE a Farmer's Prices 

A Choice Lot of Purebred 

ABERDEEN - ANGUS 

male calves from 6 to 9 
mos. old . sired by a bull 
weighing over 2,000 lbs. 
If you want to breeil 
good beef cattle, you 
can make no mistake in 
getting the ANGUS. 
They can beat the world 
on long or short grass. 



buck k\d< at ?, 
edatmvdei'Ot. 




each crated an 

C. E. JONES, Carysbrook, Va. 




H. F. COLEMAN & SONS, 

MULBERRY GAP. TENN.. 

BKEEDKRS OF — 

ABERDEEN=ANQUS CATTLE. 

JANNET'S KING, 48271, greatest 
■on of Valiant Knight II., 29331, first 
prize bull at all three of the Interna- 
tional shows, heads the herd. Visi- 
tor* and correspondence invited. 
Young things for sale. 

Choice Aberdeen ■ Angus 

Selections from best fam- 
ilies Imported and home 
stock. Good breeders 
for sale with pedigree, 
conformation and con- 
itltution. 

JOHN T. and Q. B. 
MANLOVE nilton 
Indiana. 

MONTE.BEXLO HERD 

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE 

FOR BALE— 2- Registered Bulls, calved 
Dec. )7th, 1902, and Aug. 28th, 1903. 

BerKsKire Pigs, 
(Biltmore Strain.) 

farrowed May 1908. For terms, apply to 

L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va. 



MAGAZINES. 
THE CHRISTMAS REVIEW. 

The fourteenth annual Christmas 
number of the Horse Review was pub- 
lished December 15. As this has been 
the most marvellous year in turf an- 
nals, and will be known for all time to 
come as the "two-minute" year, it was 
the endeavor of The Review to com- 
memorate same by a Christmas paper 
in every way worthy of the season of 
which it is to be a souvenir. 

The cover, in six colors and gilt, is 
the most brilliant in conception and 
superb in execution of any ever made 
for a Christmas edition. Inside is pre- 
sented a table of contents providing a 
feast for horsemen of unequaled pic- 
torial splendor and literary and statis- 
tical value. 

There are supplements of Lou Dil- 
lon 1:583, the world's champion trot- 
ter, and the first to reach the long cov- 
eted two-minute mark; Dan Patch 
1:56 J, the world's greatest pacer, and 
John A. Mc Kerron 2:04i, the cham- 
pion matinee trotter. These supple- 
ments are from duo-type plates, the 
highest possible point yet reached in 
the art of engravng. In addition to 
these there are other supplements of 
the season's noted campaigners. 

All in all, the holiday issue of The 
Review is the most complete ever at- 
tempted, and one certain to please 
.every lover of the horse. 

The issue retails at 25 cents per 
copy, and 'orders will be promptly 
filled by The Horse Review Company, 
910 Masonic Temple, Chicago. 111. 



The Cavalier, published weekly in 
Richmond, Va., is a new publication, 
only recently having made its bow to 
the public. It is nicely gotten up and 
its "interior" is even more attractive 
than its "exterior." All the live topics 
of the day are ably and breezily han- 
dled by Mr. Jeffrey Montague, its edi- 
tor. The social, horse and story de- 
partments are very interesting and 
are right up to date. The Cavalier 
fompares most favorably with most 
northern papers of a similar character 
and should be supported by every 
Southerner and Virginians especially. 
Price, $2.00 a year; 5 cents a copy. We 
can furnish it along with the South- 
ern Planter for the single subscrip- 
tion price, $2.00. 



One of the signs pictured in Julian 
Kins Colford's "The Signs of Old Lon- 
don" in the January St. Nicholas has 
Peculiar interest for all Americans. 
What is called "The Crown and Three 
Sugar Loaves" was the sign of the 
historic house which exported to Amer- 
ica the celebrated chests of tea that 
went into Boston harbor in December, 
177o. the first overt act of rebellion in 
the Revolution. While the contest 
gave America her independence and 
set aside the rule of George III., it did 
not overthrow the business of the old- 
est tea house in Great Britain. The 
business is carried on to-day in the 



REGISTERED 

IMMUNE HEREFORDS. 

Sale of 50 head at AUBURN, ALABAMA, 
February 17. 1904. 

Under the management and auspices of the 
Alabama State Experiment Station. This 
consignment is a pick of four of the best 
herds in Kentucky. Bulls and Females of 
ages to suit all. IMMUNE to Southern fever 
by INOCULATION. 

For particulars and illustrated catalogues 
address GILTNER BROS., Eminence Ky., or 
Auburn, Ala. 

We have a choice lot of cows, bulls and 
heifers for sale at our Kentucky Farms. 
Prices are reasonable. Write us before buy- 
ing elsewhere. 



n ORSETS AND H EREFORDS. 

Some Exceptionally Rare Bargains to Quick Buyers. 

My herd bull, bull calves and Dorset 
bucks. Registered stock. 

H. ARMSTRONG, LANTZ MILLS, VA. 

JERSEY BULL. 

"Harry's Jersey King" 45706, FOR 
SALE. He is beautiful, well developed, 
weighs about 1,500 lbs., perfectly gentle 
and fawn color I bought him from Bilt- 
more Farms, but can use him no longer. 
Address P. H. HANES, Winston-Salem, 
N.C. 




I. 



Farm BuHMlQ 

We are now offering some choice young 
Bulls cf the following breeds: 

Shorthorn, Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus. 

Write at once for pedigrees and prices. 

D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr. 
Blacksbiirg, Va. 

ANGUS BULL CALVES 

SIRED BY THE 
Champion Bull BARON IDA. 

These calves are choice individuals. 

ENGLISH SETTER PUPS. 
Sire and dam prize winners. 

WARREN RICE, Winchester, Va. 

ANGORA GOATS, 

I have 21 grades FOR SALE, cheap; 
also farm-raised B. P. Rock Pullets at 
$6.00 per dozen. 

H W. STEVENS, Ooochlsnd, Va. 

AMPRDA Of! ATC are handsome, hardv and 
AiluUnA UUA I O profitable For large cir- 
cular address E. W. COLE & CO.. Big Clifty, Ky. 

DA\A/ CHOC i P a y highest prices. Write for 
nAYY ill MO Price list. J.I. deed, E. Aurora, N. V 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, 



51 



REGISTERED 



SHoRTrlORN CATTLE. 

Special prices on bred cows and 
cows with calf at foot and bred again. 
These calves are by and the cows bred 
to the great winning bull, Valley 
Champion. Some grand young heifers 
and bulls always on hand and for sale. 
Registered Duroc Jersey hogs. 
IDLEBROGK FARH, 

FRANK G. HOGAN, Box D, O'Ban- 
non, Ky. 

Geo. C. Hardy, Manager. 

ELLERSLIE FARM^- 
Tlioroiiglib^eci Horses 

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE, 

Pure feoxstlidown fcheep 
and Eerkss ire Figp." 
Foe Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON, 
Charlottesville, Va. 

WM. T, THRASHER, Springwood, Virginia, 

BREEDER OF PURE BRED 

SKort Horn Cattle and 
Poland-CHina Hogs. 

?OR S > LE : 2 yearling bulls, good ones, ready 
for service; also some nice Fall Poland-China 
shoals of both sexes, dime or write. 



COOK'SCREEK HERD 




Scotch-Topped 
Shorthorns ^ 



Herd Headed by Governor Tyler, 1585 48. 
Young Bulls tor sale. Inspection and corres- 
pondence invited. 

HEATWOLE & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va. 



PURE BRED 

Short Horn Calves 

from fine Stock. Also 

Yorkshire Pigs 

of very Prolific Breed. 

JAS H. MOGE, Hamilton, Va 

Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm 

^^^ Has for sale a large num- 
ber of nice young regis 
tered A. J. C. C. 




JERSEY BULLS 
ANO HEIFERS. 



None better bred in the South. Combining 
closely the most noted and up-to-date blood 
in America. Bulls 10 to 12 months old, $25; 
Heifers, same age, $35. POLAND CHINA 
PIGS, %'i each. Send check and get what 
you want. i 

T. P. BRASWELL. Prop.' Battleboro, N. C. 

• -*■• VIRGINIA FARMS •<*►• 

Nice little poultry farm. 100 acres, good house 
and orchard, J.V.-0 i. Biue Grass, Stock and 
Pruit Farms. Address PORTER & GATES, 

Louisa, Va. 



same old place as in Revolutionary] 
times. Its sign — the sign of "The' 
Crown and Three Sugar Loaves" — has 
survived the stress of age and storm 
and fire. The great fire of London 
swept within half a block of the snop, 
but the old sign itself reigns to-day. 



The country's business outlook is a 
subject of compelling interest at the 
beginning of the new year. This fact 
is recognized by the Review of Re- 
views, which devotes a large part of 
its January number to a survey of the 
situation. "The New Year: Prosperity 
or Depression?" is the title of a group 
of articles in which C. Kirchhoff, the 
editor of the Iron Age, treats of "The 
Outlook for Steel and Iron"; R. W. 
Martin, of "The Prospect for Railway 
Earnings"; Charles M. Harger, of 
"Good Crops and Good Times in the 
West," and F. W. Hawthorne, of "The 
Promise of 1904 for Trade in General." 
The same number has an illustrated 
article on "The Status of the South- 
western Oil Industry," by Day Allen 
Willey; an account of the long and suc- 
cessful fight waged by science against 
the Texas cattle fever, by Professor 
Charles S. Potts; and the story of 
English walnut culture in southern 
California, by Elizabeth A. Ward. The 
magazine is also unusually strong in 
its biographical articles ;the character 
sketch of Elihu Root, the retiring Sec- 
retary of War, by Walter Wellman, is 
especially noteworthy, while the career 
of Fourth Assistant Postmaster-Gen- 
eral Bristow, the investigator of the 
postal frauds, is attractively presented 
by CTarence H. Matson, and the life 
and work of the late Herbert Spencer, 
the great English philosopher, are 
sketched by Professor F. J. E. Wood- 
bridge. The threatened war between 
Japan and Russia, claims attention in 
the editorial department, as does the 
Panama situation, while the cartoon 
department ably supplements the edi- 
tor's paragraphs on current American 
politics. 



The January issue of the Western 
Fruit Grower. St. Joseph, Mo., will 
have a special illustrated article by 
Professor Waugh, Massachusetts Ex- 
periment Station, showing how peach, 
cherry and short-lived apple trees are 
planted among permanent trees in ap- 
ple orchards successfully. This is an 
important matter to every orchard 
planter, and the article, with illustra- 
tions, will be very helpful and profita- 
ble. Subscription price of the Fruit 
Grower is 50 cents a year. 



SALES AT BACON HALL. 
Messrs. E. M. Gillet & Son report 
the following recent sales: Seven Here- 
ford heifers to Dr. W. C. Stubbs, of 
Virginia (4th order) ; ten Dorset rams 
to E. C. Lasater, of Texas. They also 
write that "the market for registered 
stock is improving. We can give any 
one good selections in the Hereford 
bull line." 



Products Are Good 

English Berkshires. 

Berkshires are the most profitable 
pigs to raise, because of their great 
; ize, early maturity and the fine 
quality of the meat. Breeders who 
desire to improve the quality of 
their stock will be interested in our 
new folder about the young Filston 
Berkshires, the progeny of noted 
English prize winners. Correspond- 
ence solicited. 

Filston Farm, Glencoe, Md. 



BERKSHIRE PIGS 

Ready for January delivery, sired by 
my 18-months-old boar, CAPT. JACK 
68623. who now weighs 680 lbs. in only 
fair breeding condition. The pigs are 
first-class in every respect and I will 
ship to responsible parties on ap- 
proval. Am now booking orders for 
pigs March farrow by Lustre's Carlisle 
of Biltmore, 72057, recently purchased 
from Biltmore Farms. 

WOODSIDE STOCK FARM, 

Charlottesville, Va. 

THOROUGH-BRED. . . . 

Berkshire Boars, 
Dorset Buck Lambs, 
Jersey Bull Calves. 

All stock in best of condition and 
guaranteed as represented. 

F. T. ENGLISH, Centreville, Md. 

HOLLYBROOK FARM. 

Berkshire Pigs ^> 

Are from first-class registered stock, Biltmore 
strain; have free range and plenty of running 
weter, and are healthy, vigorous stock. Young 
pigs for sale. Write for prices. 

HENRY W. WOOD, 

Box 330. RICHMOND, VA. 



Registered k&'js: 

C. Whites. Fine large 

strains. All ages, mated 

not a in, 8 week, pigs. 

Bred sows. Service boars 

and Poultry. Write for prices and free circular. 

P. F. HAMILTON. Cochranville, Chester Co., Pa 




52 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



FOR SALE OR TRADE 

Standard Bred Stallion 

BLOOSELLUS 

18 years old, over 16 hands, and a very 
coachy horse. I will sell cheap for cash or 
trade for young cattle, mules or work horses. 
This horse is thoroughly broken double and 
single, a lady could drive him. He has quite 
a turn of speed, and is an excellent buggy 
horse. What have you to trade? I will make 
this horse a bargain to any one who wants 
him, as I have absolutely no use for him. 
Address PERCIVAL HICKS, North Ma hews Co., Va. 

FOR SALE.— My Trotting-bred Stallion 

GEORGE BURNS, foaled May 14, 1900. Ma- 
hogany bay, star In face, left hind foot white, 
of good style, easy to handle; will make good 
breeder. Write for his breeding. 
J. TABB JANNEY, Van Clevesvllle, W. Va. 



POLAND-CHINA 

Pigs. 10 weeks old, not akin, for sale; also 
choice bred and unbred gilts from 8 to 12 
mos. old. All sired by a son and grandson 
of Chief Tecumseh 2d and Chief Perfection 
2d; also choice Plymouth Rock Cockerels. 

THOS. R. SMITH, Lincoln, Loudoun Co., Va., 

.BEHKSHIRES. 

a few YOUNG BOARS for sale. 

By Mason of Biltmore II. (GSM 5 ) from 

Registered sows — nothing but Biltmore 

blojdinmyherd. ROBERT HIBBERT 

Charlottesville, \ a. 




0. I. C. PIGS 



— r— FROn REG. STOCK. 

EOR SALE. PRICES RIGHT. 
F. S. MICHIE, Charlottesville, Va. 



AT FARMER'S PRICE-!. 

S. M. WISECARVER, - - Rustburg. Va. 
Aryshires. Berkshires and Oxford-Downs. 

Ayrshire Calves of both sexes, Berkshire 
Pigs and Boar and 2 Oxford- Down Rams for 
Mle. MET P09K CAVTT.K FARM. 

EnoH H H*"«s anager I ■ '«no«a, Va. 

WHITE YORKSHIRE PIGS, 

Entitled to registration, FOR SALE. 

HENRY H. CLARKE "Chantllly," 

Broad Street Road. Richmond. Va. 

-^ Registered BERKSHIRE "*■ 
Boar and Sow, 9 months old for sale. Jin 
for the two. A 1 o pure I 

ROCKS. K. MAXWEI I. CO 

Box SIS R I Va. 

.. WOODLAND DORSETS .. 

Won B flrtit with 8 possible at Columbus. O 
7 out of 8 at Pontlac, Mich., and 6 out of * 
at Grand Rapids. Mich., with strong conip* 
tltlon at all three places. Our Fall Lamb 
Crop from Imp. Flower Ram Is the flnem 
quality we ever raised. 

J. E. WING & BROS., 
Mechanicsburg, Ohio. 



CATALOGUES. 

Improved Victor Incubators and 
Brooders, George Ertel Co., Quincy, 
111. This is an excellent catalogue, 
full of information on topics of inter- 
est to poultry keepers. 

Price list of tobacco seeds grown by 
the Slate Seed Co., Hyco, Halifax Co., 
Va., the pioneer tobacco seed farm of 
the world, and the originators of many 
of the best and finest tobaccos. 

The Acme pulverizing harrow clod 
crusher and leveller. Duane H. Nash, 
sole manufacturer, Millington, N. J. 
The merits of this harrow are too well 
known to need commendation. Every 
farmer ought to have one. 

Aspinwall Potato Machinery. Aspin- 
wall Mfg. Co., Jackson, Mich. Cutters, 
planters, sprayers, diggers, sorters. 

California Rose Co., Los Angeles. 

Charter Gas and Gasoline Engines, 
Charter Gas Engine Co., Sterling, 111. 
The merits of the engines and combi- 
nation appliances made by this firm 
have been fully recognized all over the 
world. 

The Sure Hatch Incubator Co., Clay 
Centre. Neb., and Indianapolis. Ind. 
These machines have had a large sale 
for several years. Send for the cata- 
logue before buying. 

P. C. Fleming, breeder and importer 
of Aberdeen-Angus cattle. West Leba- 
non. Warren Co.. Ind., owner of the 
noted bull, "Bion," which leads the 
herd. 

American Seeding Machine Co.. 
Springfield. 0., almanac for 1904. This 
almanac will be found very useful for 
farmers and stock breeders, as it con- 
tains gestation and other tables, and 
mwh useful information. 

Studebaker's Farmers' Almanac and 
weather forecasts for 1904, and hand- 
some lithograph of typical American 
show horses. This almanac is an an- 
nual feature of the Stndebaker Co., 
and has become well known amongst 
farmers as always containing much 
useful information. The Stndebaker 
Bros. Mfg. Co.. South Bend. Ind.. will 
send it on application. 

Presbyterian Committee of Publica- 
tion. Richmond. Va.. catalogue of fine 
Bibles, gift books and calendars. 

The World's Commerce and Ameri- 
can Industries graphically illustrated 
by Sfi charts, published bv The Pbila 
dclnhia Commercial Muslim, Phila 
dclphia. Pp. Pricp. R0 cents. 



PRESERVING SAUSAGE. 
Make your sausage to suit your 
taste and as free as possible from 
water. Place in pan with fresh lard 
•^lirrins: all the time till fully cooked 
but not crisped. Be satisfied all water 
; s out, have fruit jar hot. pnek tight- 
ly in the iar, allowing the hot lard to 
'•over the ptuspe'c, fasten tichtlv and 
von can have fresh sausage the year 
round. Have tried all other rcpp : i>! 3 
mentioned but the above is perfect. 
Mks Jottn H. Wttxtams and 
Misr Lena Mevthetman. 
Knoneville, N. C. 



150 Jacks, Jennets and Mules. 

Beat assortment I ever owned. Can 
suit you exactly. Write for descrip- 
tion and prices. Also 
will sell 2 Percheron 
Stallions at close fig- 
ures. 

BAKER'S JACK FARM, 
Lawrence, Ind. 




Knight & Jetton, 

Breeders of and Dealers ir 

Jacks, Jennets, Stallions. 

Durham and Hereford 

YEARLINGS. 

Send stamp for Catalogue. 

Murfreesboro, Tenn. 





Jacks, Jennets and Stallions 

FOR SALE. Fine Jacks a 
Specialty. Wh n writing 
slate exactly what you want 
or come and see our stock. 

W. E. KNIGHT & CO., 

Route 5. Nashville, Tenn. 



A CHOICE SELECTION OF 

COCKE'S = PROLIFIC 

Seed Corn for sale; a corn producing many 
ears to the stalk, growing from 10 to 12 feet 
high, making much forage and an excellent 
ensilage corn. 

H. E. WOOD, Bremo Bluff. Va. 

One 320-egg Prairie State In- 
cubator, and one F. C. Stand- 
ard Incubator, 220-egg ca- 
pacity, both practically new, 
will be sold cheap. Apply to 

F. E. WiLLIAMS, M. D., Ivy Depot, Va. 



New Idea Brooders 

More good pointe than anv other. KalseG 1 1>() pr. cent 
of healthy chicke. Complete fixtures coetonly $a ir 
Ifou make woodwork and eave heavy freight. T"»!J 
Free Catalogue telle all aboutthese & New Idtalnc'btrB 
t , HA\NON. KNOW & CO 31 PAN V, ItOX i5bQCINCY, ILLINOIS. 

YOU CAN MAKE S3 TO $10 A DAY 

Fitting plasses for us. Big profits. 
Our 24-page FREE EYE BOOK 
tells how. Write for it today. 

.1 A' KSONIAN OPTICAL ( OLLKGE, Dept. 2093, 
Jackson, Mich. 



SHU-LIFE 

makes shoes entirely waterproof and gives 
double wear. 

Greatest money saver ever discovered. 

Reduces the Shoe bills one-half. Prevents 
rheumatism by keeping the feet perfectly 
dry, and saves money on every pair of shoes. 
For harness there is nothing equals It, as 
they can't get wet, toughens the fibre and 
makes them easy to clean. A large sample 
for Iflc. in stamps. Write to-day. Guaran- 
tee d. Manufactured by 

SHU-l IFE CO. Box 363. Lvnchbursr, Va. 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 




1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 53 

BILTMORE FARMS 

Annual Brood Sow Sale, 

FEBRUARY 9, 1904. 

70 - Head of Imported Large English Berkshires - 70. 

Our 1903 Importation will be offered at unreserved auction on 
the Farms, Col. R. R. Bailey, Auctioneer; sale held under cover. 



65 Selected Brood Sows all guaranteed .safe in pig to the greatest English 

and American boars. 
5 Selected Boars, including champion boar, English Royal. 

All either prize winners themselves or bred by prize winners. 

This offering has been selected without reserve ; without limit as to price, and is from the herds of 
the leading English breeders, such as Edney Havter, R. W. Hudson, His Royal Highness Prince Chris- 
tian, and C. C. Smith, Philo L. Mills, J. A. Fricker, etc., and will be sold absolutely without any re- 
serve price, if only one bid is made. 

INDIVIDUAL MERIT. Visiting breeders who have recently inspected the offering unite in the ver- 
dict that no such collection of Berkshire Brood sows has ever been gathered together at any one place, or 
can be found in any other breeding establishment. They have even more size and uniformity of type 
than our last importation, good as that was, and in addition the greatest possible care has been taken to 
exclude all that did not indicate the best of constitution and feet ; early maturity, extra finish and style 
combined with good heads, backs and hams. In short, they are the kind that cannot be found every day, 
and that we confidently expect will be approved of in the sale ring by the expert judge and will well 
repay both our efforts and the investment of time and money for the breeder to secure. 

BLOOD LINES. Only the best of the tested reproducing English families are represented. These 
we have proven here for many years, and have given great results in the hands of other American breed- 
ers, and they are families which are producing the winners for many years at the leading English Shows. 
They are not the results of any experiments which we do not wish to try here or induce our patrons to try. 
Among the prominent families are those of The Huntress, Loyal Berks, Handley Cross, First Catch F., 
through Manor Favorite, Swansea, Blenheim, Rubicel. through Queen of Hearts, First Rank F., High- 
clere Topper and His Majesty. Ten great boars, which include the Champion at the English Royal, 
also the Champion at the Pan-American, and many other prize winners will be used on these sows, se- 
lected to nick to produce the best litters that many years' experience with these blood lines indicate. 

CATALOGUE will be ready for mailing early in January. MAIL BIDS will be carefully and con- 
scientiously treated by the Farms ; or, if selection of an outside expert is wished, write Mr. Geo. W. 
lessup, Rockville, Ind., who has kindly consented to act in this capacity. 

SPECIAL RAILROAD RATES of one and one-third fares for the round trip can be secured from all 
points north of the Ohio and west of the Mississippi rivers by calling for Winter Tourist's Tickets to 
Asheville fl|- miles from the Farms). For further particulars address 

BILTMORE FARMS, Billmore, N. C. 



54 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



LYONS GAP HEREFORDS 

—OWNED BY— 

HAYNES L. MORGAN. Saltville, Virginia. 

Herd headed by the celebrated breed- 
ing bull MARHADUKE 90033. lam 
offering for sale at Attractive Prices a 
few young bulls of serviceable ages, well 
bred, good individuals and in splendid 
sale condition, including some prize 
winners at tue recent District Fair at 
Radford, Va. jENA L3i611. 

Farm easily reached either from Chilhowie on main line, or Saltville on branch N. & W. R. R., distance from former five 
and latter three miles. Inspection of the cattle invited. Visitors welcome. Correspondence solicited Telephone in residence. 





THK DE LOACH PONY SAW MILE. 
The illustration herewith, is of a 
small size saw mill manufactured by 
the De Loach Mill Manufacturing 
Company, of Atlanta, Ga., who adver- 
tise regularly in our columns. It is 
known as their Pony Saw Mill, which 
will run with as low as four horse 
power and cut 2.000 feet a day, thus 
well adapting it to the individual lum- 
berman's use. It can be operated as 
well with any horse power up to 20 
and reach a capacity of 10.000 feet of 




inch hoards a day. We give the Illus- 
tration merely as a suggestion of the 
business of the De Loach Company. 
They manufacture a long line of mills 
of a'l capacities. They have the larg- 
est saw mill manufacturing plant in 
the world, and being located in this 
new Southern city where labor is 
cheap, and the best materials of every 
character are abundant, they have 
every facility for turning out, as they 
undoubtedly do, the best line of saw 
mills in the world, at low prices. 

They also utilize this wealth of re- 
source to the full in making shinsde, 
lath and planing mills, edgers, water 
wheals, cxindina: mills, gearings, etc. 
It is a sood concern to look to for 
every article of machinery of this gen- 
eral character. 

A large saw mill and a general ma- 
Cbinery catalogue giving detailed in- 
formation will he sent free to any one 
writing for it. 

DE LAVAL CALENDAR. 
The V)o Laval Separator Co.. of New 
York City send us a very beautiful 
calendar, which we acknowledge with 
thanks. 



.HEREFORD CATTLE. 

Service Bulls; Imported Salisbury 76039 (19083), a grand- 
son ■ f the famous Grove 3d 2490, and a descendant of the] 
world renowned Lord Wilton 40-37 from the 4th generation. 

Snowball, the dam of Salisbury, is now in the herd of His 
Majesty King Edward VII. 

Lars, Jr., is by La-s of Western fame and his dam is Judy out of a Sir Richard 
2nd cow This makes a great combination of the Grove 3d, Lord Wilton, Anxiety. 
Peerless Wilton and Sir Richard 2nd strains. No better breeding in the world today, 

FOR SALE — Yearling bulls by above sires WANTED — Reg Hereford heifers, 18 
to 24 months old, not bred; will exchange bulls for hed'ers of equal quality. 

Extremely low prices to close out this bunch; only a f<-w left. 

Write your needs or call and make your own selection. 




MURRAY B00C0CK, Owner, Keswick, Alb. Co.,Va. Z 



Keswick is on tbe C. A O. Ry., 
ear Charlottesville, Virginia. 



Bacon Hall Farm. 

Hereford Cattle -:- Berkshire Hogs 

REGISTERED-ALL AGES. 

Toulouse Geese, Huscovy Ducks, j 

MOTTO! Satisfaction or no sale. 

E. M. QILLET & SON, = Glencoe, Haryland. 



H > ■ H f ■! > , !■ * ' "T W g H » r " I I t Ft l-yypyyyyyyy , t , , , g , , j r , y , , „ 



ROSEMONT HEREFORDS. 

?5£'KSSs ACROBAT 68460, 



SPECIAL NOTICE! 10 nice, well-bred heifers, safe in calf , 



to Acrobat, will be sold at very reasonable figures. 
C. E. CLAPP. Berryville, Clarke Co., Va. 




' HBHUn'sBAinK^IN 



TH E OAKS 

Has for sale, the grand Shorthorn bull, "Rock Hill Abbotts- 
burn" 155113, a grandson of Mary Abbottsburn 7th ; also a nice 
lot of Calves, Bulls and Heifers; 2 Reg. Morgan Colts at a 
bargain. B. B. BUCHANAN, Bedford City, Va. 



1901.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



55 



VIRGrlMIA. 



4» 

4* 



+ 
4* 



Ǥ* 



4* 

4> 



4* 
4* 

4* 



4* 



..Registered Herefords.. 



Annefield Herd Headed by 4* 

PRINCE RUPERT, 79539. ! 

ORAND CHAHPION, KANSAS CITY, 1901. *| 

Correspondence Solicited. = = Inspection Invited. 

EDWAR D G. BUTLER, "Annefield Farms," % 

'^'■■■^■^■"'"BRIGGS, Clarke County, Virginia. 

SPECIAL SALE OFFERING 

AT VERY REASONABLE PRICES. 

Four fine bull calves, 6 to 10 months old. Also a few 

cows bred to the champion, Prince Rupert. 



Large illustration of Prince Rupert sent FREE on request. 




■ f M f»4"fH H MMM H HHf w ^ ^ 



LOOKING FOR FLAWS. 

Charles Lamb tells of a chronic 
grumbler who always complained at 
whist because he had so few trumps. 
By some artifice his companions man- 
aged to deal him the entire thirteen, 
hoping to extract some expression of 
satisfaction, but he only looked more 
wretched than before. 

"Well, Tom," said Lamb, "haven't 
you trumps enough?" 

"Yes." grunted Tom, "but I've no 
other cards." 

This chronic grumbler of Lamb's is 
found in endless variety. Perhaps the 
most numerous of the species is repre- 
sented by the man who is always look- 
ing for flaws — one of those blue-spec- 
tacled people who see nothing but mud 
when they look on the ground and only 
clouds when they look at the sky. One 
of those gentlemen was once asked to 
look at the sun through a powerful 
telescope and describe what he saw. 

"Why," he said, after a few mo- 
ment's study, "I see nothing but a few 
black specks!" — Success. 



DISINFECTANTS. 
The Gibson & Lamb Co., West Alex- 
ander. Pa., send us circulars setting 
forth the merits of their disinfectants 
and lice killer. This firm is a new ad- 
vertiser in this issue and we invite \ 
our readers to investigate the merits of i 
th^ir goods. . I 



HOLSTEIN-FRESIAN BULLS 

We Offer the Fo'lowing BULLS at Bargain Prices : 

SIR HENRY NETHERLAND ABEKERK, 33130, 3 years old; perfectly quiet 
and gentle. 

1 BULL, 15 months old, sired by Clothilde Monks Count 2nd; 8 YOUNG 
BULLS from 3 to 6 months old, sired by Clotholde Monks Count 21494, whose 24 
nearest female ancestors gave 15,627 pounds of milk in a year, and have butter 
records of 21 pounds 2 ounces in a week. 

/GTCOME AND GET SOMETHING GOOD^ 

THE GROVE STOCK FARM, Burkeville, Va. 



Jersey, uuernsey and Shorthorn 

CATTLE 

Young stock registered in their respective Herd books, for sale. The SHORT 
HORNS are bred and owned by a neighbor, and are in our hands for sale. A 
number of young BERKSHIRE SOWS due early in the year. BARRED PLY- 
MOUTH ROCKS, S. C BROWN LEGHORNS, a few BRONZE TURKEYS, TOU- 
LOUSE GEESE and PEKIN DUCKS. All of above ready for delivery. 

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va. 



56 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



[January 



REPORTS. 
U. S. Department of Agriculture, 
Washington, D. C. Report of the 
Secretary of Agriculture, 1903. 
This is a most valuable and in- 
structive document, and worthy 
of the careful perusal of all farm- 
ers. It shows pointedly how 
much this great country is the 
debtor of the farmers. They pro- 
vide the surplus products which 
enable the bills to be paid for what 
the people of the country buy from 
abroad. The export trade in farm 
products for 1903 was valued at 
over $878,000,000. During the 13 
years. 1890-1902. the average an- 
nual excess of domestic exports 
over imports amounted to $275,- 
000.000. and during the same time 
the annual average in favor of 
farm products was $337,000,000. 
from which it is apparent that 
there was an average annual ad- 
verse balance of trade in products 
other than those of the farm 
amounting to $62,000,000, which 
the farmers offset and had left 
$275,000,000 to the credit of them- 
selves and the country. In 1903 
the balance in favor of the farm 
products was still better, the ex- 
cess of farm products in that year 
being $422,000,000. sufficient to off- 
set the unfavorable balance of $56,- 
000,000. and leave $307,000,000 to 
the good. 

Report of the Editor for 1903. 

Office of Secretary. Circular 10. 
Standards of Purity for Food Pro- 
ducts. 

Bureau of Animal Industry. Circu- 
lar 42. Information Concerning 
Common Goats. 

Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulle- 
tin 48. The Apple in Cold Stor- 
age. 

Office of Experiment. Stations. Ex- 
periment Station Record, Vol. XV., 
No. 4. 

Bulletin. 35 



Farmers 

ture. 
Farmers' Bulletin, 42. 

Milk. 
Farmers 



Potato Cul- 



Facts About 



Methods of 



Bulletin, 60 
Curing Tobacco. 

Farmers' Bulletin. 82. The Culture 
of Tobacco. 

Farmers' Bulletin. 120. The Princi- 
pal Insect Affecting the Tobacco 
Plant. 

Farmers' Bulletin, 141 Poultry 
Raising on the Farm. 

Farmers' Bulletin. 151. Dairying in 
the South. 

Farmers' Bulletin. 156. The Home 
Vineyard. 

Farmers' Bulletin. 162. Experiment 
Station Work. 

Farmers' Bulletin. 179. Horse Shoe- 
ing. 

Farmers' Bulletin. 182. Poultry as 
Food. 
Cornell Experimpnt Station. Ithaca, 
N. Y. Bulletin 212. Second Re- 
port on Co-operative Records of 
the Cost of Producing Egers. 

Bulletin 213 Methods of Milking. 



HOG BOOK FREE 



"HOGOLOGY," my book about bog raising, 
will be sent FREE, if you mention Southern 
Planter when asking for it. It has been re- 
vised and enlarged, contains 100 pages, fully 
illustrated, practical and complete, and worth 
many dollars to any swine raiser. 

I PAY FOR ALL HOGS that die 

when my Remedy is fed as a preventive. 
Write for plan. 27 years unparalelled success 
and the biggest money-maker for hog raisers 
known. 

It will Prevent and Arrest Diseases, Exp 1 Worms, 
Stop Cough a: d Pay (or Itstlf Atany Times Over by 
the Extra Fled Produced without Extra Feed. 




TRADE -MARK. 



PRICES: 25-lb. can, $12.50; 12%-lb. can, $6.50, prepaid; packages, $2.50, $1.25, and 50 
cents. None genuine without my signature on package or can label. 

THOUSANDS OF TESTIMONIALS from leading breeders and feeders who have used it 
4 regularly for years. 

Mr. G. H. Frey, Odebolt, la., under date of November 19, 1S03, writes: "I have been 
a user of your Remedy for a long time, and And that I cannot get along without it and 
raise hogs successfully. I raise from 100 to 500 hogs a year, and can certainly recommend 
your Remedy." 



JOS. HAAS, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind. 



Hill Top Stock Farm. 

BERKSHIRE HOGS and 
SOUTHDOWN SHEEP 




with increa>>ed facilities, will make a 



=A Specialty.= 

S. Brown Allen, who succeeds H. A. S. 
Hamilton & Co in the ownership and man- 
agement of this celebrated Stock Farm, 
specialty of breeding Berkshire Hogs and Southdown Sheep, without regard to cost, 
from the purest and most royal strains of imported blood. 

My BERKSHIRE; PIGS 

For this Fall delivery will weigh 100 pounds at 12 weeks of age, and for INDIVID- 
UAL MERIT cannot be excelled in the United States. They will make show hogs 
against any and all competitors and are being engaged every day. 

S. BROWN ALLEN, Staunton, Virginia, (Successor to H. A. S. Hamilton & Co.) 



" B RE D-IN -THE- PURPLE." 

BERKSH I RES. 

THE VERY BEST— The whole story in three words! 

A limited number of young istock for immediate shipment 
Farmer's winter prices for January orders. Orders booked 
now for Spring shipment. Money cannot buy better breeding. 

DUNTREATH STOCK FARM, Richmond, Va. 



We positively guarantee to breed 
and ship the \ FRY BF>T strains of 



tlioroiuibbred registered LARGE 
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE 

Uogsfor LFSS MoNKY than any other 
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our 
stock considered Send us your order 
and we will satisfy you both in price 
and Stock. WALTER B. FLEMING, 

Proprietor of the Bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warrenton, N. C. 




1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



57 



Kansas Experiment Station, Manhat- 
tan, Kan. Bulletin 119. Press 
Bulletins 71 to 124. 
Kentucky Experiment Station, Lexing- 
ton, Ky. Bulletin 107. Seven- 
teen-Year Locust in Kentucky. 

Bulletin 109. Commercial Fertil- 
izers. 
Maryland Agricultural College, College 
Park, Md. College Quarterly — 
Analysis of Fertilizers, etc. 
New York Experiment Station. Ge- 
neva, N. Y. Popular Edition. 
Bulletins 214, 215.21 9. 231, 233, 
236 and 237. 

Bulletin 239. Should Apples be 
Thinned? 

Bulletin 240. Inspection of Feeding 
Stuffs. 
Ohio Experiment Station, Wooster, O. 
Bulletin 135. 21st Annual Report, 
1901-1902. 
Rhode Island Experiment Station, 
Kingston, R. I. Bulletin 94. 
Commercial Feeding Stuffs. 

Bulletin 96. Influence of Lime Upon 
Plant Growth. 

Bulletin 97. Commercial Fertilizers. 
North Carolina State Board of Agri- 
culture, Raleigh, N. C. Bulletin, 
October, 1903. 
Virginia Experiment Station, Blacks- 
burg, Va. Bulletin 141. Orchard 
Studies, XIV. The Lime Sulphur 
Wash. 
Virginia Weather Service, Richmond, 
Va. Report for November, 1903. 
Imperial Department of Agriculture 
for the West Indies, Barbadoes, 
W. I. West Indian Bulletin, Vol. 
IV., No. 3. Cotton. 

Seedling and Other Canes in the 
Leeward Islands. 

Scale Insect of the Lesser Antilles. 

Cotton and Onion Industries. 

Seedling and Other Canes at Bar- 
badoes. 

Ground Nuts in the West Indies. 

Notes on Poultry. 

Agricultural News November and 
December. 
Department of the Interior, Bureau 
of Agriculture, Manila, Phil. Is- 
lands. Soils of Union, Province 
of Luzon. 

Bulletin 3. Soil Conditions in the 
Philippines. 

Bulletin 4. Botanical Work in the 
Philippines. 

Farmers' Bulletin 1. A Primer on 
the Cultivation of Sugar Cane. 

Farmers' Bulletin 2. Cocoa Culture 
in the Philippines. 

Farmers' Bulletin 3. Modern Rice 
Culture. 

Farmers' Bulletin 5. Cultivation of 
Tobacco. 

Farmers' Bulletin 7. Report on the 
Introduction of Seeds and Plants. 

Farmers' Bulletin 8. The Cocoanut. 



LET 



YOU 



SPLIT HICKORY 



HOLSTETN-FRESIAN REGISTER 
will be published semi-monthly instead 
of monthly as heretofore. The first 
issue under the new arrangement is 
that of December 15th Mr. F. L. 
Houghton, Brattleboro, Vt, is the edi- 
tor. 



SPECIAL 

BUGGY 



Read the Following 
Description. 

Write us your suggestions and any' 
changes you would wish in your 
Buggy and we will put you on the right 
track to get just what you want 

promptly, make your buggy to order as you 
desire, and ship to you when spring opens o 



at any reasonabl 
order is placed That 
will get just what you 
best Buggy 
made 



afte 



The same price for 
which the regular- 
Stock Split Hickory 
is sold. 
Don't put this off. 



^ 



READ THIS DESCRIPTION OF THE §50 SPLIT HICKORY SPECSAL BUGGY. 

^Wheels— San-en patent, 38 and *2 inches hieh or higher if wanted. Tire % inch by V inch thick, round edg«. 
Axles— Long distance, dust proof, with cemented axle h«ds. Springs — Oil tampered, graded and graduated, 8 and 
4 leaf. Wooden Spring Bar furnished regularly, Bailey Loop if preferred. Upholstering:— Finest quality 16 oz. 
imported all wool hroadcloth sushion and hack. Spring cushion and solid panel spring back. Top — Genuine No. 1 
enameled leather quarters with heavy waterproof rubber roof and back curtain, lined and reinforced. Painting — 
Wheels, gear wood, body and all wood work carried 100 days in pure oil and lead, 16 coats of paint with the t try 
highest grade of finishing varnish. Gear painted any color desired. Body plain black with or without any striping. 

This buggy is furnished complete with good, high padded, patent leather dash, fine quality, full length carpet, 
side curtains, storm apron, quick shifting shaft couplings, full leathered shafts with 36 inch point leathers, special 
heel braces and corner braces. Longitudinal Center Spring. 

Any reasonable changes can b? made in the finish and construction of this Buggy. We make it to suit the custo* 
mer's taste, and guarantee it to pleas*", no matter what the requirements are 

SO HAYS' FREE TRIAL allowed on Split Hickory Vehicles for you to test them thoronehly in every way. 
A positive 2 years' guarantee given with ev^ry one. This is a plain business proposition between business men. Our 
rtputation is established by many years of honoraMe dealinz with bue-gy user* direct and you are assured of a square 
deal when you accept our proposition. Send for our Free Hfi-page Catalogue of Split Hickory Vehicles and Harness. 

THE OHIO C*RRU0E MFG. CO., (H. C. Phelps, President.) 1010 Sixth Street, CINCINNATI, OHIO. 

NOTE: We carry a full line of high-grade Harness sold direct to the user at wholesale prices. 



Reg. HQLSTEIN-FRIESIAN 

CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje 

and Artis families. Heavy milkers aud rich in butter 

fat. Stock of all ages for sale. 

Re?J. BERKSHIRES From noted strains. Imported Headlight, Lord 
s * Mighclere and Sunrise. 

DORSET SHEEP= 
B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS, 



N. & W. and Southern R. R. 



T. O. SANDY, Burkevllle, Va. 



NOW IS THE TIME to buy H0LSTEINS from the Ury Farm Herd. 

Ury Alvrlna Count Paul De Kol; De Kol 2nd Butter Boy 3rd No. 2, and Lord Harford De Kol head 
our herd. You know their official backing. There Is nothing better. 15 bull calve9 at bargain 
prices. Their dams are of the De Kol, Aaggie, Netherland, Pietertje and Clothide strains and are of 
he producing kind. The best bulls are sold youDg; also a few cows and heifers. Choice ENGLISH 
BERKSHIRE pigs of the best strains. Before buying, correspond with or visit 

TH'S. FASS11T & SONS, Sylmar, Md. 




Incubators on Thirty Days Trial. 

Lowest in price. Best in quality and always reliable Thousands 
{,% in successful operation at home and abroad. Caialogue with full 
panibular, FREE. THE STANDARD F. C. INCUBATOR CO., 
Dept. D. Rochester, N. Y., U. S. A. 




53 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



EMILY'S CHARGE. 
A Serial Tale by Mary Washington. 

CHAPTER XII. 

One day. about a year after the or- 
phans had invested in their little graz- 
ing and fruit farm, Mr. Wheeler re- 
ported on returning from an expedi- 
tion to the Springs, that they were 
going to have a new resident physician 
there, as the old one had grown too 
old and feeble to attend to his duties. 

The following Sunday at church, 
they saw a strange face amongst the 
familiar ones of the congregation, from 
which they concluded that the new 
physician had arrived. He bore the 
name of Ellis Gordon, had a fine- ex- 
pressive face, and seemed to be about 
28 years old. It was some time before 
they formally made his acquaintance, 
but before he knew them personally, 
he had learned to watch with interest 
for the fair sisters to come in and take 
their places in church. Emily was 
now twenty-seven, but she had been 
kept fresh and lovely by a simple and 
primitive life, early hours, the brac- 
ing mountain air, and above all by a 
pure and tranquil inner life. Alice 
was 17, in the earliest bloom of young 
womanhood, taller and more striking 
in appearance than Emily, but very 
much like her. There was between 
the two sisters much the difference we 
observe in the same landscape scene 
beneath April and June skies. 

The neighbors soon made Dr. Gordon 
acnuainted with the history of the or- 
phans, and then he watched for them 
with more interest than ever. As he 
passed along the road, he occasionally 
had a flitting view of Alice and Emilv 
tending their flowers, and either one 
of them, he thought, might well per- 
sonate "the Gardener's Daughter." The 
fir=t time, however, that he formed any 
personal acquaintance with them was 
at an entertainment given by a lady 
in the neighborhood. This was a danc- 
ing party, the first Ali^e had ever at- 
tended, and Emily smiled when she 
saw how extravagantly her young sis 
ter enioyed herself, and how she 
seemed to know intuitively how to 
danee as a swan knows how to swim, 
or n bird to soar. Emilv. too enjoyed 
the entertainment so vividly as to as- 
tonish hercelf, and to convince her 
that her vonth and freshness were not 
yet overpast. To Aliee jt bad the 
m of novelty: to Emily that of oH 
famPiarlty, and we are so constituted 
that hoth of these things delieht us. 
F> lly had had, at least, a brief exne- 
rienee of social gaveties, in the first 
flower of her youth, and though she 
had had to forego sueh things since. 
she still had a eapacity for "young 
Joy" lying latent in her nature. 



For the Sake of Your Horse or Mule 

Ask your Druggist or Dealer for a copy of Dr. Daniel's book on 
Home Treatment for Horses and Cattle. It costs you nothing if 
you get it of them. It gives you the symptoms and tells you 
how to cure the common ills. If your druggist will not get it 
for you send to 

DR. A. C. DANIELS, 172 Milk St., BOSTON, Mass. 




BERKSH IRES. 

I have just added to my herd, 2 new Im- 
ported and extremely fancy BOARS: 1 bred 
by J. A Fricker. Burton Mere, Wiltshire, 
P^ng , and the other from the herd of K. W. 
, Hudson, Danestield Eng Imported Sir 
John Bull and Uncle Sam are still in my 
herd. I made a large shipment of pigs Nov. 17th, having orders from New York to 
Mexico I never was was as strong on boar pigs as NOW. Both pigs and price will 
suit you. Be sure to start w th a new boar for Spring litters. 

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, Lexington, Va. 

Remember me when priciug SHORTHORNS (Durhams). I also offer 4 cars 
of bright timothy hay. 




BERKSHIR E: PIGS 

From the herd where they grow to 200 pounds at 6 months. Trio, $25. 

A few JERSEY BULL, CALVES from cows making 360 to 400 Ids. 

butter per year. If you wish to improve your herds, better buy your 



stock here. 



Forest Home Farm, 



Purcellville, 



Virginia. 



13 35* ft. Xjl S H I JtrC Jfc£ S 



ANNEFIELD HERD : 



Combines Best English and American Strains. Prices Reasonable. Young 
Stock For Sale at all times. 



EDWARD G. BUTLER, 



Briggs, Clarke Co., Va. 



DON'T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES 



UNTIL YOU HAVE INVESTIGATED 

"THE MASTER WORKMAN" 



A two -cylinder gasoline engine: snperlor to all one-cylinder engines, Costs less to buy and b ss to run. Quicker and easier started. Has a wider 
optn-re nfoienjli est Has no ribratlon; can be mounted on any light wagon a< a portable, vv elgh& les» than ball' of on e-ey Under engines. Give siz« 
line required I Izes 1 H, 2, 2'/,, 4, ., 6, 8, 10 and 16 horse power Mention this paper. Send lor catalogue. THE TEMPLE PUMP CO., Meagher 
d loth St§.. CHICAGO. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHED PLANTER. 



59 




{Mtfm, 4&tort> 



Froducts Are Good 



IT has recently been decided to spare from the Filston 
herd of Jersey cattle a few fine young bulls not imme- 
diately needed in the herd. Three of this group were 
imported from the Island of jersey, the rest are home bred 
from the most celebrated strains of Island stock. This is 
an unusual opportunity for breeders of Jerseys to head 



their herds with the finest blood to be procured. i he individuals for sale are as follows : 



NOBLE NAME, 61427, A. J. C. C. 

Bv Nobleman, winner of First over Jersey in '98 and Re.-erve over 
Jersey in 1900, out of Golden Phenomenon, another noted Lland win- 
ner. Noble N'ame has 25 per cent Golden Lad blood by each parent. 
Bred by A.J. Arthur, St. Ouen. Dropped March 27, 1901. Now 
in his "hird vear, and at the bejri :ning of his usefulness. 

GOLDTN FERN'S F X, 6~458, A.J. C. C. 

.A 1 ither g-.md young imported bu'.l, a son of Flying Fox, sold to 
Thomas '••'■'. .: . in in 1902 for $7,500, and a grandson of Sultana 
Rosetre, one of the most famous cows ever produced on the Island. 
Bred bv I'hilip Le Mour.iat, St. baviour. Dropped January 11, 1901. 

GOLDEN PETER, 57426, A. J. C. C. 

A bull of splendid breeding and of proved quality as a sire. His 
pedigree traces twice to Golden Lad, and twice to Wolseley. Bred 
by A. Le Gallais, St. Brelades. Dropped October 5, 1899. 

Write for full information concerning any of the above. 
Pedigrees with photographs will be forwarded on application. 

HEIFER CALVES. 
It has not hitherto been possible to secure heifer calves of Filston breeding, as it has been the 
policy of the management to reserve all heifers for the home herd. It has now been decided to 
spare a limited number from each year's increase. As this number is small, possible purchasers 
should inquire at once as to breeding, prices, etc. Address 

FILSTON FARM, GLENCOE, MARYLAND. 



CEDARVALE GOLDEN HAMLEY, 63988, A.J. C. C. 

A son of Golden Hamley, out of Mon Plaisir's Gold Beauty. 
His pedigree traces five times to Golden Lad and includes many cele- 
brated Island Winners. Dropped December 3, 1901. 

ST. HELIER'S GOLDEN GRAND. 

A son of Golden Grand and a grandson of Golden Lad. A 
beautiful young bull of great promise. Dropped May 22, 1902. 

BULL CALVES. 

In addition to the above there are four young bull calves : one by 
Flying Fox, one by Shy Fox, one by Fox's Foxhall and one by Noble 
Name, young animals of the choicest breeding and the most striking 
individual merit. 



GI'.O. A. SWARTWOUT, Manager. 



Amongst the pleasantest of the guests 
she met was young Dr. Gordon. In- 
deed it was a refreshing and stimulat- 
ing thing to her to meet with so culti- 
vated and well bred a young man, after 
leading so isolated a life as she had 
done for years. She had so long been 
in the habit of training and stimulat- 
ing the minds of others that it was a 
new and delightful experience for her 
to come across some one who could 
stimulate her mind, and give her new 
and striking ideasa about books., life 
and things in general. Altogether the 
meeting marked quite a new era in her 
simple, uneventful life. 

The following winter the orphans 
met with the severest trial they had 
experienced since their mother's death. I 
Alice was taken with inflammatory' 
rheumatism, and was so ill that Emily 
could not attend to her school, but 
had to dismiss it. They sent for the 
doctor who had been the former resi- 
dent physician at the Springs, but he 
being too feeble to obey the summons, 
sent his successor. Dr. Gordon. This 
was the latter's first visit to the or- 
phans, strange to say, for though he 
bad shown such undisguised pleasure 
and interest in the acquaintance at the 
dancing party, he had seemed rather 



Black Leg Vaccine 

Pasteur Vaccine Co. s^IKsc 



LARGE YORKSHIRE HOGS 

THE COMING BACON BREED— 
THE MOST PROLIFIC BREED— 

48 pigs from four litters, ready for December delivery — our Fall 
prices always the lowest. 

INDIAN GAMES, the fashionable table fowl. 

WHITE LEGHORNS, the greatest layers. 

WHITE WYANDOTTES, the best all round fowl. Also 

JERSEY BULLS and HEIFERS from cows with recorded but- 
ter tests of 18 to 24 lbs. in 7 days. 

BOWMONT FARMS, Salem, Va. 



When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the 
Southern Planter. 



60 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



to avoid and shrink from them since. 
The circumstances under which he 
now entered their little home, enabled 
him to become better acquainted with 
the orphans in a short time, than he 
could have done in several years, under 
ordinary circumstances. Nothing 
breaks down the barriers of conven- 
tionality like severe illness. The 
world and the body seem to recede, and 
we speak to one another, heart to 
heart, and soul to soul, when we are 
ill ourselves, or have a loved one who 
is so. Natural life and its concerns 
seem so fleeting, so shadowy. It is no 
time for disguises or conventionali- 
ties. 

Alice's illness was long and severe; 
at one time, it was extremely critical 
from the rheumatism being so close to 
her heart, and there seemed to be 
scarcely one chance in a thousand for 
her to escape. During this time, Dr. 
Gordon gave up all other practice, and 
remained at the cottage day and night 
till the crisis was past. From a pro- 
fessional point of view, it was an ab- 
sorbing and exciting game, played 
with the powerful adversary death for 
the priceless stake of life, and besides 
this, there was a sentiment of human 
interest in the lovely young girl he was 
striving to rescue — and almost without 
his volition and consciousness, there 
had crept in a still stronger feeling of 
interest in the older sister. During 
the unreserve which almost necessa- 
rily prevails in dangerous illness, Dr. 
Gordon had had an opportunity to 
know Emily well, to see and appreciate 
her loveliness, her heroism and her no- 
bility. Merely to see a woman in dis- 
tress is a strong appeal to a chivalrous 
nature, and especially when that wo- 
man is so rare a creature as Emily. 
In short, before he knew it, his heart 
had become hers, and he waked up one 
day to the consciousness of loving her 
with passionate warmth, and it gave 
him exquisite pleasure when he saw 
how implicitly she relied on him for 
counsel and aid in her distress and 
anxiety about her sister. But alas! 
he was so situated that his love for 
her, instead of being an unalloyed joy. 
brouprht pain and perplexity alons 
with it. He had had some foreshad- 
owing of this, even on his first meet- 
ing with her, and for this reason, had 
refrained from following up the ac- 
quaintance till as a matter of duty 
and humanity, he went to visit Alice 
as a physician; but the causes of this 
avoidance, we will unfold to the reader, 
a little later. 

At length, after many many days of 
anxiety and nights of watching, Emily 
and Walter were overjoyed by Dr. Gor- 
don's telling them that Alice might 
now be considered out of danger. 
"Under God," exclaimed Emily, with 
Irrepressible emotion, "we owe her 
safety to you!" She could say no 
more; the tears streamed so fast from 
her lovely eyes, and indeed, words 
seemed to her so poor and inadequate 
on such a subject. She had not over- 
rated his services. His skill and un- 



[ January 



f 



■ ] i I I ' ■ ' : 



Established 1828. 



saacsaa^s 



■1 A M n I ^.a 

75 Years 



GARDEN SEEDS. 

OUR SPECIALTY is the growing of Garden Seeds from Selected Seed 
Stocks. The great importance of following this system for the production 
of Seeds to insure fine vegetables is familiar to all" gardeners ; if vegetables 
from which seeds are grown are inferior or impure, so must their product be. 

IP YOU HAVE a Garden send for Buist's Garden Guide for the 
South ; edition for 1904 now ready. 

, . J£ Y 2 U ARE a Market Gardener, send for Our Wholesale Price 
List for Truckers, now ready. 

. IF YOU ARE a Country Merchant, send for Our Wholesale Trade 
Price List, now ready, g 

~ ROBERTJBUIST COMPANY. 
SEED GROWERS, Philadelphia, pa. 



aBaasnaaaaaaa eaga a a bsobbzsl 



!ig¥r;r wt mnaaa 



POLAND- 





I have a limited number of pigs by 
my fine boars Gray's Big Chief, 57077; ukav'o dIO CHlfcF, a7o77 

and Victor G, 57075, and can furnish pairs not akin or related to those previously 
purchased. Young boars and sows of all ages Send to headquarters and get the 
best from the oldest and largest herd of Poland-Chinas in this State at one-half 
Western prices. Address J. B GRAY, Fredericksburg, Va. 




POLAND- 
CHINAS... 



The kind that grow large, choice 
boars, bred sows and pigs of very 

best breeding and individuality. Stock guaranteed as represented 

and if not entirely satisfactory may be returned at my expense. 

Write for prices and testimonials. Also SHORTHORN BULL CALVES. 

■^ J. F. DURRETTE, Birdwood, Albemarle Co., Va. 



.. .. REGISTERED .. .. 

POLAND-CHINA 

Pigs from 4 to 6 months old. Boars ready for service, and young sows 
with pigs. Tamworth pigs 8 wks. old $5. Prices Reasonable. Apply to 

"J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Va. 



When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the 
Southern Planter. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



61 



remitting efforts had been, humanly 
speaking, the means of rescuing her 
sister. He had a marked talent and 
keen enthusiasm for his profession 
which gave him an insight into disease 
and capability of coping with it which 
many older physicians lack. By the 
time the warm spring sunshine had 
brought out the flowers. Alice was fair- 
ly convalescent, and Emily was con- 
scious of finding a deeper interest and 
significance in life than ever before. 
Everything seemed to breathe a mys- 
terious sweetness, and hint of a vague 
hope and joy. Involuntarily she found 
herself repeating Tennyson's lines — 

"It seems that I am happy — that to me 
A livelier emerald twinkles in the 

grass, 
A purer sapphire melts into the sky." 

But before long, the emerald and 
sapphire began to grow a little dim- 
mer, as she began to miss the visits 
of one whose society had grown very 
important to her. Dr. Gordon's visits 
at the cottage were abruptly discontin- 
ued, and Walter found on enquiry that 
he had gone off on a sudden journey. 
The last visit or two he had paid at 
the cottage, Emily had noticed some- 
thing strange in his manner, a con- 
straint, an abruptness, an inequality 
she had never noticed before. He did 
not apprise her of any intended jour- 
ney. She supposed, therefore, that he 
had been suddenly called off by unex- 
pected business, but would soon re- 
turn. 

One evening, however, as she was 
bending over her flower beds. Walter 
came up, saying excitedly. "Old Dr. 

says he has just had a letter from 

Dr. Gordon saying he was going to re- 
sign his position here and move to the 
West." 

It was well her face was turned 
away so that Walter could not see the 
deadly pallor that overspread it. At 
that moment, it was clearly revealed to 
her that she had lived and she had 
loved. 



WHAT SALT WILL DO. 

Salt puts put a fir» in thp chimney. 

Salt in the oven under ha g ! ; n? 
will prevent their scorching on the 
bottom. 

Salt and vineear will remove stains 
from discolored teacups. 

Salt and susar are excellent for bee 
stingrs and spider bites. 

Salt thrown on soot which has fallen 
on the carpet will prevent the stain. 

Salt put on ink when freshlv spilled 
on the carpet will help in removing 
the spot. 

Salt in whitewash makes it stick. 



VIRGINIA FARMS. 
Messrs. P. B. Bnell & Son. Herndon 
Va., whose advertisement will be found 
in another column, issue a neat pam- 
phlet describing many valuable prop 
erties which they have for sale. Send 
for it. 



In Winter, Feed 

ARMOUR'S BLOOD MEAL 

Your stock don't get enough fresh, nutritious food. 
BlOOd IVIeal with daily rations supplies nutrition. 
Keeps your stock well. Cures whenever sick. 

AN UNFAIUNG REMEDY FOR SCOURS. 

Consult us FREE on Stock Diseases. 
WRITE FOR BOOKLET. 

THE ARMOUR FERTILIZER WORKS, 

BALTIMORE. CHICAGO. OMAHA. 



SUNNY HOME HERD OF ~ — — ' ■* 

ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE. 

BARON ROSEBOY 57666 by the world famous 
GAY BLACKBIRD heads the herd. 

Females by such noted sires as Gay Blackbird, 14443, (sire of the highest 
priced American bred Angus bull), Ermon 18171, (by the champion sire of 
females Royal Eric), Eulalies Eric lof>68, (2nd prize yearling bnll at World's 
Columbian;, Beau Bill 13637 (champion of the West for two years), Baron Ida 
20184 (champion at N. Y. State Fair 1898), Baronet of Advia 1226 (by the 
"Judge" champion of the world). 

Families represented in the herd are Coquette, Queen Mother, Nosegay, 
Westertown Rose, Old Rose of Advia, Violet, etc. We claim for our herd as 
good breeding as any. herd in America. The individual animals in the herd 
have been selected with the one aim "quality" in view. Come and see, or write 
your order and let us guarantee a first-class animal. 

Shipping point and depot, Fitzgerald.. N. C, on D. & W., 24 miles S.-W. of 
Danville, Va. 

A. L. FRENCH, R. F. D. 2, Byrdville, Va. 



DUCKS! DUCKS! DUCKS! 

Elegant, large Spring hatched PEKIN DUCKS ; 300 of the 
finest you ever saw ; of the best strains in America. Don't 
wait to write just send your order for them at 75c. each, will 
be closed out in twenty days ; also BERKSHIRE PIGS as 
fine as silk at $7.50. We guarantee satisfaction. Write 
A. L. FRENCH, R. F. D. 2, Byrdville, Va. 



Made for the Mao 
Who Wants the 
Best. 



WESTERN 

Manure Spreader 

SL2r«SttrENDLtSS APRON =£, 

many advantages which it possesses. It's always 

in place and ready to receive the load without 

^^ any turning l^ack. either by hand or complicated, 

§*¥¥£■. easily bruken machinery. The front and rear 

■ axles are of same length which, with the 

Broad Tires Prevents Rutting 

of fields, meadows, etc. and makes 

LIGHT DRAFT. SPREADS ALL KINDS OF MANURE, spread^mefplit^.wood Jn«*cotton°OTd a n j 

Lulls, etc. Can be chaneed Instantly to spread thick or thin while the ™» tn ' ne 1 . , i' n n V? t ! q on T? to a5 

&&%££** Ell GATE AND BEATER AND HOOD PROTECTOR IN USE Sffi«2 

u ;« POSITIVE GUARAITEEwM^^^^ 

4'atiiloene— the best and most complete spreader catalog ever published. 

SMITH MANURE SPREADER C0.16 & 18 S. CLINTON STREET, CHICAGO, ILL. 




62 



TIIE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[Jarmary 



ONE RESULT OF INCIVILITY. 

William Travers Jerome, district at- 
torney of New York city, in speaking 
of the necessity of public men exercis- 
ing courtesy to anybody and every- 
body, told the following story: 

"I want to say. in the first place, 
that what I am about to relate is not 
told in order to emphasize the need of 
politeness on the grounds of mere 
policy only, but rather to show that 
an ungentlemanly action is pretty sure 
to act as a boomerang. Some years 
ago, a reporter called on a man of 
wealth and prominence, whom I will 
call Mr. Blank, in order to interview 
him in regard to the latter's alleged 
political ambitions. He was shown 
into his library. 

"'Well?' said the great man. 

"The reporter presented his card and 
explained his errand. Mr. Blank 
glanced at the pasteboard, deliberately 
tore it in two, and threw it into the 
wastebasket. 

" 'Nothing to say.' he growled, and 
that was all that the visitor could get 
from him. 

"So the reporter departed with a 
flush on his cheek and a burning de- 
sire in his heart to thrash the dis- 
courteous Mr. Blank. 

"Several years passed, and Mr. 
Blank was a candidate for a high 
municipal office. Meanwhile, the re- 
porter had been made po"it ; "al editor 
of a journal whose views were oppo- 
site to those of Mr. Blank. In that 
capacity he again called on Mr. Blank, 
and found him suave and silky. The 
editor did not forget the torn card. 
The incident rankled within him. 

"So it came about that he made such 
a tremendous fight against Mr. blank's 
election that, mainly through his ef- 
forts, he suffered an overwhelming de- 
feat. 

"A single act of unnecessary rude- 
ness cost him position and power." 



BALAAM WAS AN IRISHMAN. 

Matthew J. Donohue, a Tammany 
district leader, tells the following story 
of an Englislmian and an Irishman 
who were discussing the old race Ques- 
tion: 

"\Yhin Engla-and wants a railly good 
man, she's got to go to Ireland to git 
him." said the Irishman. "Look at 
Roberts. Look at Kitchener. Both 
Irish." 

"I suppose you think Wellington was 
han Irishman," said the Englishman. 

"Shure!" 

"Hand Ne!son." 

"Shure!" 

"I guess you'd claim Ca?sar if you 'ad 
a chai 

"Shure. All good fightin' min are 
Irish." 

"Well." said the Englishman, as a 
clincher, "to go ba "k further, wa'at 
would you do with Balaam?" 

"Oh. thot's all r-right." retorted the 
Irishman. "Balaam wa'as Irish, but 
th' ass wa-as English." — New York 
Times. 




Grade your goats up with 
the best bucks. I now have for 
sale a few fine Angora Bucks 
well covered with mohair, and 
sired by the registered 
BAILEY BUCK, at the head 
of my flock, registered in the 
Angora Breeders' Association 
Record, No. 10,213, bred by C. 
P. Bailey Sons Company, the 
largest Angora breeders in 
America. This buck is guar- 
anteed to shear from 8 to 10 
pounds mohair. I will pay 
50c. per pound for all mohair 
sheared from these bucks this 
spring. 

$20 00 apiece, f. o. b. Rock 
Castle. Va. Well crated and 
bedded. Address 
M. S. VALENTINE, Rock Castle, Va., or 
918 East Franklin St., Richmond, Va. 



PTTOTOl-iEAI'H OF MY (iOVrS. 



y\ 



"Va 



X 



x ClSMONT DORSETS 8 



x 

X X 

X 
X 

X Prices Reasonable. 6. S. UNDENKQHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va. X 

X X 

":x 



ClSMONT STOCK FARM oners well developed young 
Dorsets of the best blood of England and America. 



... EDGEWOOD STOCK FARM ... 

DORSET SHEEP. — - 

Breeding DORSETS our business for 12 jtars. We can now offer Dorsets of high, qual- 
ity. Our ewes lamb in the fall. We have fall lambs now ready. Last season these lambs 
weighed 135 pounds in June. Allow us to insist that you buy only GOOD SHEEP when 
you buy Dorsets. Dorset sheep have a special place in Virginia. No other breed can take 
their place in the early lamb business. Write us for facts to prove this. We ship our 
sheep on approval. 

J. D. ARBUCKLE, Greenbrier County. H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton, W. Va. 




ABERDEEN ANGUS BULLS 

FOR SALE. 
"Every Bull a Show Bull." 

The choicest lot of young bulls in Southwest Vir- 
ginia, all out of prize winning families at low prices. 
Do you want a bargain? If so, come and see us, or 
Address W. P. ALLEN, Prop, of Glen Allen Stock 
Farm, Walnut Hill, Va. 



ESSEX PIGS. 

Some fine ones, not related ; from recorded 
stock, also Southdown and Hampshire- 
down Lambs. Address 

L. G. JONES, 
Tobaccoville, N. C. 





1904.1 . THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 63 

BILTMO RE FARMS, = Biltm ore, N. C. | 

Headquarters for GOLDEN LAD JERSEYS, 

Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN. MARIGO LD. * * * 

GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-Ameiican Exposition, the 
champion JERSEY BULL OF AMERICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both 
born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls. 

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities^with an indiv iduality 
that wins in the show ring. 

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ^ever offered, both for 
breeding and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams. Many 
§g* of these calves are fit to show and win in any company.* 

* * BILTMORE POULTRY YARDS. j* * 

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from our prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select 
from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last two seasons. If you want wiuners vou 
must breed from winners. 

Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHLRES. 

apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biltmore, n. c. 



..FRUIT and POULTRY FARM.. 



OFFERS FOR A LIMITED TIME ONLY AT $1.00 EACH:- 
400 Barred Plymouth Rock Cockerels and Pullets. 
100 S. C. Brown Leghorn " " " . 

SO White Leghorn Pullets, 
30 " Wyandotte Cockerels. 
30 " Plymouth Rock Cockerels. 
76 Silver=Laced Wyandotte Cockerels and Pulets. 
10 Black Minorca Cockerels. 

Thisstock^is well-bred and will give satisfaction. Also offer 25 BARRELS of WHITE FRENCH 

and JERUSALEM ARTICHOKES at $2.00. Try them now so you 

will be ready when it is time to plant. 

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., .• .' .• Staunton, Va 



CA 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[January 



ALMOST THE SAME. 
The waking hours of G. Otto Krupp 
were spent in thinking of schemes 
whereby he might get rich quick. As 
the owner of an eight-mile railroad he 
was a person of considerable local im- 
portance in the Pennsylvania-German 
settlement where he resided. 

One morning when Mr. Krupp's 
brain was particularly active it oc- 
curred to him that by sending passes 
over his road to the presidents of the 
big railroads of the country he might 
receive complimentary passes in re- 
turn. This would enable him to see 
something of the world at compara- 
tively small expense, and such passes 
as he could not use personally he could 
dispose of advantageously. Mr. Krupp 
lost no time in getting letterheads 
printed with his own name in large 
type as president. Then he sent "R. 
and A." passes broadcast and awaited 
results. 

One hot afternoon a flushed repre- 
sentative of a big Western road walked 
into Mr. Krupp's office and said he had 
been all over town looking for the "R. 
and A." railroad and could not find it. 
He said he was sent from Philadelphia 
ti investigate before the company is- 
sued a pass over its entire line. 

"It is chust outside of town — five 
minutes' valk," explained Mr. Krupp 
suavely. 

"How long is your road?" asked the 
railroad's representative. 
"About eight miles, I t'ink." 
"Thunder! You don't expect us to 
exchange passes with a road like that, 
do yon?" the representative demanded 
angrily. "Why, we have eight thou- 
sand miles of road." 

"Veil." answered Mr. Krupp, draw- 
ing himself up with an air of offended 
dignity, "maybe my road ain't so long 
as yours, but it's chust as vide." — Car- 
oline Loekhart, in December Lippin- 

fott's. 

NOT DANGEROUS. 
"Boy." said the self-appointed ad- 
viser, "don't be so careless with that 
gun." 

"Oh. it will not hurt you," answered 
tho boy indifferently. 

"Yes, that's what they all say, 
tinned the adviser, "but it 
the empty gun that kills." 
"Well, you needn't be 
then," replied the gunner 
this one is loaded with buckshot in 
both barrpls." — January 'Lipphicotf's. 



con- 
is always 

disturbed 
"because 



GA.TNE8VTI.T.B. Ei.\.. Nov. 14.. 1003. 
Griffith & Turner Co.. Raltimore. Md. 

Gentlemen: — Having done business 
with you for the past few years I find 
yon ;ire very reasonable in prices and 
prompt in shipments. Being located 
in Baltimore have a very low freight 
rate to the South. Shall always pat- 
ronize you when in need of anything in 
your line. Respectfully, 

W. H. Bbakoer, 



The "Acme" Pulverizing Harrow is 
the cheapest or lowest priced riding 
harrow on the market. 



M 



<m 



If you value comfort 
when driving use 

LEHMAN CARRIAGE 
and SLEIGH HEATERS. 

Universally recognized as the STANDARD make. Avoid 
WINTER discomforts by heating your Carriage, Wagon or Sleigh 
with one of the LEHMAN HEATERS. It burns LEHMAN coal at a 
cost of 1-4 cent per hour, or 2 cents per day, and there is nO smoke, 
smell nor danger of fire from same. 

HORSEMEN everywhere use and recommend them, which in itself 
is a GUARANTEE of their usefulness, and their high standard. 

33-200,000 OF OUR HEATERS are in actual use. Have you one? 
Write for booklet and prices. Your carriage, harness or hardware 
dealer has our goods. 



LEHMAN BROS., MFRS., 

10 Bond St., New York. 



J. W. ERRINGER, Gen. W. Sales Agt., 
45 E. Congress St., Chicago, 111. 



r~ DeLoach Saw 

umm ii B H WH iyF I niii i nnp . ii iiBH^iMMM nul l | nJn jhh wh 



i 



Special for the Man with Light Power and Heavy Timber, 
Cuts 2,000 to 1 0,000 Feet per Day. 4 to 20 h. p. 

This Pony Mill is especially adapted to the use of thresher- 
men who have engines, enabling them to secure profitable all 
winter employment when the threshing season is over. 

We Make All Styles 

Raw mills from smallest to largest capacity. A irreat ex- 
clusive feature in the De Loach Variable Friction Drive. 
Our advantages In cheap Southern labor and 
superior and low-priced lumber, iron and steel 
enable usto make the best saw mills for least 
money of any manufacturer in the world. 

Our Mill Machinery Line includes Shinp-ie 

Mills, Planers, Edpers, Trimmers, Slave Mills, Lath 
Mills, Water Wheels, Portable Grinding Mills, fihalt- 
inpr, etc. Ask for Saw Mill and General Machinery 
Catalogue. Mailed free for the asking. 

De Loach Mill Mfg. Co., 

' Box CO Atlanta, Ga. 




wm m*t*m m t** 



—THE WONDbRFUL— 

Acme Churn 



SAVES TIME, LABOR 
AND PATIENCE^^?^ 

The most modern and up-to-date churn on the 
market. 5 to 10 minutes all the time required. 

Fuller description in Fouthern Planter April, May 
and June lt)03. Write forpricep, slatingsize wanted. 

"the acme churn7~ 

Lock" Box 311. Richmond, ,Va. 




1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



65 



START ■ THE ■ NEW ■ YEAR - RIGHT 

By Purchasing Your Supplies At 

J. S. MOORE'S SONS, 

wholesale and Ret ail^. Q rocers an d peed Dealers. 

18TH & MAIN STREETS, - RICHMOND, VA. 

We quote prices on a few articles in our enormous Holiday Stock. 

Look over the list and send us your orders. If you don't see 

what you want mentioned here, write for prices on it. 



<5* «5» «3* 



Florida Oranges 25 doz. 

California Oranges 12 doz. 

Fine Apples 25 pk. 

Large Lemons 12 doz. 

Best French Candy 15 lb. 

Choice French Candy 12 1-2 lb. 

Good French Candy 8 and .10 lb. 

Plain Mixed Candy 08 lb. 

Chocolate Drops 15 lb. 

Fine Buttercup Candy, 5-lb. pails 75 each 

Sultana Raisins ! 10 and 12 1-2 lb. 

Best "New London Layer Raisins 10 lb. 

New, Clean Currants 8 and .10 lb. 

Best Muscatel Raisins 09 lb. 

New Seeded Raisins 10 lb. 

New Figs OS lb. 

New Figs, 1-lb. package 10 lb. 

New Dates, 6 lbs. for 25 

New Dates, 1-lb. packages 06 

New Mixed Nuts 12 lb. 

Best Soft Shelled Almonds 15 lb. 

Best Shelled Almonds 30 lb. 

Best Pecans 12 1-2 lb. 

Best Filberts 12 1-2 lb. 

Best Palm Nuts 12 1-2 lb. 

Best English Walnuts 15 lb. 

Best Cocoanuts 04 each 

New Citron 14 lb. 



New Orange Peel 12 1-2 

New Lemon Peel 12 1-2 

Choice Evaporated Peaches, 9c, or 3 lbs for .25 

Fresh Country Butter 22 

N. C. Corn Whiskey $2.00 

7-year-old Maryland Rye 4.00 

Old Crown Rye " t . 3.00 

Old Keystone Rye 2.50 

Old Excelsior Rye . . ' 2.00 

Old Capitol Rye 1.50 

California Sherry Wine 1.00 

Imported Sherry Wine 3.00 

Catawba Wine 45 

Jamaica Rum 3.00 

New England Rum 2.50 

Virginia Apple Brandy, 4 years old 3.00 

Maryland Apple Brandy 2.50 

B. B. Brandy " 45 

Port Wine /. 1.00 

Pure Apple Cider 25 

Geneva Gin 2.50 

Holland Gin 2.00 

Virginia Mountain Whiskey, 4 years old. . 3.00 

Duffy's Malt Whiskey " 80 

Wilson Whiskey . . 1.00 

Fulcher Whiskey 1.00 

Buehu Gin 1 .00 

Paul Jones Whiskey 1.00 



lb. 
lb. 

lb. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

gal. 

hot. 

hot. 

bot. 

bofe 

bot. 



These prices are for cash strictly before goods are delivered, 
must accompany all orders. 



Post-office orders or registered letters 



WE - WANT - TO - BE - YOUR - GROCER 

A trial order will convince you how easy and cheap it is to "go to market" by mail. 



to 



THE SOUTHERN PLAA T TEE. 



pJawnarv 



PICKLING RATTLESNAKES. 
Editor Planter: 

Your readers accept with thanks the 
various receipes for pickles and pre- 
serves which you kindly puhlish from 
time to time for the benefit of house- 
keepers. I take pleasure in proffering 
one which is a departure from "house- 
hold hints," but work wholly enter- 
taining and hiehiy exciting. 

In order to appreciate the delicacy 
and safety of the undertaking, you will 
forsake "the green hills of Virginia" 
and seek the rugged sides of the Ro"k v 
Mountains. There you will not buy 
your material at thirty cents per half 
peck, but allow some callous ranch 
man to tread on your "tender foot," 
and pull your purse-strings to the ex- 
tent of fiftv cents for a common Mason 
jar. and $1 for a pint of wood alcohol. 
Then yon are ready for the task of 
"pickling" rattlers. 

Yon will next seek a ledge, which 
overhangs a foothill. There the sleepy 
rattlers assemble in the month of Au- 
gust, where thev dose through their 
temporary blindness. They are easy 
to catch and not esnecia'lv dangerous, 
becai'se if the general uprising of buzz- 
ers at an unusual sound, which serves 
as a warning to an intruder. I was 
sifting on the veranda of the snug- 
cabin, which had hppn built for the 
accommodation of tourists. It rested 
on the side of a craegv peak, surround- 
ed by picturesque pines and piles of 
different hned ro^ks. Lost in admira- 
tion of the nanoramic view of hill and 
valley before, an ever-changing de- 
light in color varying from darkest 
areen to pile amber and rich crimson. 
it was a slight sho^k to my sensitive 
ears to be interrupted by a shrill 
whistle, and not too light foot steps. 
The disturber of my dreams was a 
■ .if muscular hui'd. ta'l. straight 
as an Indian, and dark as an Arab 
He was swinging along at an easy 
gait, a polp slung- carelessly over his 
ris-ht shoulder, on which several angry 
singing rattlers were hung suspended 
iheir necks. 
I IV bad lassoed the hn^ing arrav. 
and was on his wav to the ranch shop 
to disnlav his skill in hnnrilins the 
S for the entertainment of the 
era who bad gathered in a knot 
of expectation awaiting his arrival. I 
fo''o'ved. and after manv tests of our 
host's afciMtv to "handle them fellers" 
was rewarded with the following: 
Slack the cord whi^T) holds the snakes* 
bead in tow, so he can rear to the. 
heieht of a font, no more, or he might i 
'•nil nv] surprise you. Take a forked 
Stick, thrvst it close under the jaws. 
Ipaving thp end von hold lone enough 
to hand'e him with saf°tv. When his 
neck ic thus pin'nned his head is im 
movable then lift him carefully and 
lit him heod f><--t. in the jar of 
alcohol and water. The solution must 
o-thi ohol only, too strong 

would enoil the beautiful skin co'or of 
your pi'-klr . Roid the stick firm'y 
until the snake is under the solution. 
:bep slowly withdraw it. and you will 




THE EASY WAY 



PLANTING 

THE "PLANET JR. 

cess in gardening and truck farming 
twenty-four inches apart. The feed 




HOEING CULTIVATING 

No 4 Combined Drill does gardening 1 "the easy way." It has been brought to 
such a high state of perfection that it is now absolutely indispensable to best sue- 
It sows accurately in row and drops accurately in hills— four, six, eight, twelve, or 
is automatically stopped by simply raising the plow out of the ground and it 
starts work again when the plow does. Sows or drops all kinds of garden and vegetable seeds. In addition to planting 
the seed it cultivates astride or between the rows, throwing earth to or from, and plows, opens furrows, hills up, etc. Un- 
deniably the best general purpose tool obtainable at any cost for the private gardener or trucker. 

THE "PLANET JR." 

No. 12 Double Wheel Hoe is conceded to be the best made. It also does the work "the easy way." With its great 
variety of attachments, it U suited t > all hand garden and .truck farm work. Cultivates all plants astride or I -et ween the 
>ws, whether in continuous dr.il or in h : lls. Throws the earth to or Irr m, hills up, opens furrow 
breaks up the top crust, and kills all weeds as fast n= a man walks. Handles are adjustable to fit 
man or boy. Mikes gardening and trucking jasy and profitable. Saves expensive hand 
labor. The price is solowast . put t within the easy reach of all, Write today for 
our new 1 i<H Catalogue. It shows the full "Planet Jr." line embracing Plain and 
Combined Seeders. Wheel Hf.es, Hand Cultivators, Walking Cultivators, Har- 
rows, One and Two-Horse Riding Cultivators, Sugar Be^t Cultivators, etc. 
More than H>0 illustrations, including K> beautiful half tones show 
ing home and foreign farm and garden scene: 
Free by maiJ for the asking 

S. L.AXLEN&CO, 
Box H07 -X 

Philadelphia, Pa, 




















"SHEW UNIVERSALE LINE OF GARDEN TOOLS 

6 STYLES SE-DERS 

Opens fur- i- 1 STodels 
row. drops H of 
inpiaia J& Accuracy. 




Double or Single Wheel hoe, 

Cultivator, Plow, Rake. Changes quick- 
ly made. Cultivate Let* een or astride 
the rows. Any depth, any 




Note High £rch and Plant Guards 
Bent Oak Handles on all Tocls. 
Details on full line tools in 1901 free catalogue. v 'rite for it. 

AMtS PLOW COMPANY, 56 MARKET STREET, BOSTON, 

For Sale by GRIFFITH & TURNER CO., Baltimore, Md 



Tools inf./ AffinTTftei 

ibinedseeder, marker, ™=» ■Mi» ll J l '1'"' 



Combin 

hoe, rake, plow, cultivat 
Single or double wheel, 
Ev- ry adjustment 
easily made. For 
planting and all 
kinds of cultiva- 




Wheel Plows 



with cultivator, rake and hoe 
attachments. For garden and 
poultry yards 




AftMF Pulverizing Harrow 

ft If IWI k mm^p Glod Crusher and leveler. 



SIZES 

3 to li 1 /, feet 

Agents 
Wanted. 




The best pulverizer — cheapest Riding Harrow 
on earth. We also make walking ACMES. 
The Acme crushes, cuts, pulverizes, turns 
and levels all soils for all purposes. Made 
entirely of cast steel and 
wrought iron — indestructible. 



Sent on Trial 



To be returned at my ex- 
pense if not satisfactory. 
Catalogue and Booklet 
"An Ideal Harrow" 
by Henry Stewart, 
mailed free. 
I deliver f o.b. at New York, Chicago, Columbus, Louisville, Kansas City, Minneapolis, San Francisco, Portland, etc. 

OUANE H. NASH, Sole manufacturer. INillington, New Jersey. 

Branch Hduhi: 1 1 O Washington St., Chicago. 240 7th Ave, So., Minneapolis. 1316 W. 8th St., Kansas City. 

PLKASE mention this paper 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



67 



FARQUHAR Frictio^FeedSJlW MILL, 

with patent feed, patent 
dogs and set worts is the 
most convenieot.durable, 
perfect in operation, and 
the cheapest high-class 
mill on the market There 
are more of thes^ mills in 
use than any o^hermake, 
because they combine all 
ithe latest improvements. 
The sawyer standing in 
.one position, controls the 
[engine, sets the log, and 
[regulates the feed of the 
carnage. The carriage is 
moved forward and back- 
ward by means of the Reamy patent feed and backing device. 

ALL ABOUT THEM III THE CATALOGUE. 




Pennsylvania Disk or Hoe Drill. 



This Low-Down Disc Grain 
and Fertilizer Drill is mount- 
ed on a steel frame, giving it 
great strength and lightness. 
Each disc works independ- 
ently and has au adjustable 
coil spring pressure of its 
own — enables the disc to cut 
its way through corD stalks, 
stubble, weeds, grass, etc. 
It is sure to put in the seed 
everw time. Chain drive 
force ved, for grain, grass or 
phospnate. No gear— Davis 
feed power from center of 
mam axle. No jolt- -saves 
horses* necks. Accurate 
grain, grass, phosphate, and 
laud measure. 




LOW DOWN, EASY TO FILt. 



u 



Here is a name 



FARQUHAR 



l» 



that stands for merit. 



"improved" ajax "ssssar 




This portab le Encrine is 
maoe most carefully of 
the best material. The 
Boiler is madeor the best 
gTa«le of boiler steel, 
tensile strength, 55,000 1<> 
65.000 pounds. The sTeel 
tire boxes are strong'y 
riveted and test d at 
double the strain th/y 
will ever be required to 
use. No FurQH »r 
Boiler ever exploded. 
The encrine parrs are of 
the most improved pat- 
terns, and of the best 
material known. A mi 
oiirht to know about 
this engine. 



FARQUHAR mm SEPARATOR 



threshes more rapid- 
ly, saves all kinds of 
grain and delivers it, 
in better condition 
than any other made. 
No cracking or wast- 
ing of grain. The sep- 
arating capacity is 
very large and the 
machine cannot be 
crowded. It will eas- 
ily take care of all the 
grain that can be put 
through the cylinder 
without wasting 
power. We bni Id sep- 
arators of seven dif- 
ferent sizes, all de- 
scribed in the catalogue, 




411 these things fully described in tne catalogue. It is free. 

Also full line including all kinds of farm machinery. 



A. B. FAROUHUR 00 



see the reptile partake of man's in- 
stinctive desire to cater to his appe- 
tite. He will drink until he is "full." 

By the time he is through with re- 
freshing himself, he is a size larger, 
and the jar emptied of one-fourth of 
its contents. The rattler is now drug- 
ged into permanent insensibility, is 
thoroughly pickled, and will keep for 
all time. 

The jar is filled, sealed and stored 
away on the shelf of the shop, which 
is already well covered with mountain 
curios, or is perhaps taken away by 
some tourist who is willing to travel 
with so gruesome a souvenir. 

Norvella Routt Rky>~olds. 



Undoubtedly a good many of our 
readers have horses that are spavined, 
ringboned, or blemished in some man 
ner, and have never yet replied to the 
advertisement of F'eming Bros., which 
has appeared in this paper for a long 
time. This firm manufactures a line 
of veterinary remedies, spavin cures, 
fistula and poll evil cure, lump jaw 
cure, etc., guaranteeing every prepa- 
ration to do the work it is intended to 
do. A sixty-four page illustrated book- 
let entitled "Stock Ailments That You 
Can Cure," will be mailed free to those 
who will write Fleming Bros., Chem- 
ists, Union Stock Yards, Chicago. 111., 
mentioning this paper. 



GASOLINE ENGINES 



^^\ 



a-' 




That do reliable work are 
our specialty. Many manu- 
facturers claim many things, 
some that are not well found- 
ed. We guarai tee our en- 
gines to do what we claim 
for them. 



Wind = Mills, 
Tanks, Rams, 
Iron and Wire 
Fences, Pumps. 



SYDNOR PUMP & WELL CO., Inc. 

Box 949. RICHMOND, VA. 



,,2,000,000 ELBERTA PEACH TREES..-. 



W- offer 2,000,000 Elbeta June Buds, i e^des a large S'ock oi Belle of Georgia 
Vh.mie Boss, Carmen, Gret-n^boro, etc. Big assortment of 2-year P. ar and Cherry' 
and small fruit plants. Write for Cnta'ngue. 

CHATTANOOGA NURSERIES, Chattanooga, Tenn. 

References: Hamilton Trust & Savings B nk; N. Dietzen <k Bro Chattanooga- 
Dunn's Mercantile Agency; Southern Planter. 



6S 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



EIGHT GREAT SECRETS OE SUC- 
CESS. 

A certain fellow who answered ad- 
vertisements in cheap story papers 
has had some interesting experiences. 
He learned that by sending $1 to a 
Yankee he could get a cure for drunk- 
enness. And he did It was to "take 
the pledge and keep it." 

Then he sent fifty two- cent stamps 
to find out how to raise turnips suc- 
cessfully. He found out — "Just take 
hold of the tops and pull.-" 

Being young, he wished to marry, 
and sent thirty-four one-cent stamps 
to a Chicago firm for information as 
to how to make an impression. When 
the answer came it read: "Sit down 
on a pan of dough." It was a little 
rough, hut he was a patient man, and 
thought he would yet succeed. 

The next advertisement he answered 
read: "How to double your money in 
six months." He was told to convert 
his money into bills, fold them, and he 
would see his money doubled. 

Next he sent for twelve useful house- 
hold articles, and he got a packages of 
needles. 

He was slow to learn, so he sent $1 
to find out "how to get rich." "Work 
like everything and never spend a 
cent," and that stopped him. 

But his brother wrote to find out 
how to write without pen or ink. He 
was told to use a lead pencil. 

He paid $1 to find out how to live 
without work, and was told on a postal 
card: "Fish for suckers, as we do." 



GRIN DSSNAPCORN 



HAD REASON TO GRUMBLE. 
If we were really to reason it out, 
many of us have about as much cause 
to grumble as the farmer in the fol- 
lowing story. He was a rich farmer; 
his barns were overflowing with grain 
and hay. One day, during a fine har- 
vest season, his pastor met him and 
congratulated him on the fine weather. 
"Oh, I don't know about that," was 
the sulky rejoinder. 

"Wbv. man ; look at the crops!" ex- 
claimed tbe preacher reprovingly. 
"Everything has gone splendidly all 
over the country. Why, what fauli 
can you find?" 

"Well." growled the man, "there 
won't be no sp'iled hay for the calves 
to eat." 

When you wake up in the morning of 
a chill and cheerless day, 
And feel inclined to grumble, pout 
or frown, 
Just glance into your mirror and you 
will quickly see 
It's just because the corners of your 
mouth turn down. 
Then take this simple rhyme — 
Remember it in time: 
It's always dreary weather in country- 
side or town 
When you wake and find the corners 
of your mouth turned down. 

— Youth's Companion. 



Corn in the ear and all grains, any sort of chop mixture. 
speedy and perfect work, saving feed and labor, the 
all-purpose grinding mill is the 



For 



^SCIENTIFIC! 



uick 



Made in a variety of styles, including Power Mills, Sweep Mills, 
Hill and Power Combined. The line that meets feeders' wants and 
is light in price. Don't buy until you have seen our late catalogue. 
Mailed free. Write for it to-day. 

THE FOOS MFG. CO.. Springfield. Ohio. 



RICHMOND ATLANTA NASHVILLE- NEW ORLEANS 




Slow To Test Coiled Spring Wire. 

Take apiece of No. 12 wire and coil it firmly around an inch rod of iron, as shown in 
figures 1 or 2. Try to pull the coil out of it. You may think you have done so, but upon 
releasing', it will assume shape shown in figure 3. Then look along the wire as you would 
a sun barrel ; i t will appear as shown in no | NO 2 

HS^SBJF^^JMJM^ VXAAAA 

C OILED SPRING WIRE ami howiW ^TjT no* 

provides for contraction and expansion. ===^=== ==== «*==== & -_ T -*s=== === _ :3C s=^- ;i @) 



The weave of our fence is so perfect that full strength of everv wire is preserved, 
livery twist is an expression of strength. Good enough to last a lifetime. We make it 

HORSE HIGH, BULL STRONG, PIG AND CHICKEN TIGHT, 

Using only Hlirh Carbon Heavily Gnlmnlzpil foiled Spring Steel Wire; to get this good enough we 
make it ourselves. Best wire makes the best fence. We ship any style of fence we make 

DISSECT TO THE FARMER ON 30 DAYS TRIAL, AT FACTORY PRICES, 

Freight prepaid. Please write us. We want to send you our Catalogue. It is free. 
KITSELMAN BROTHERS, H"x270, Muricie, Indiana, U. S. A. 



VIRGINIA DIVISION. 

Farmers Mutual Benefit Association 

A Fire Insurance Association, chartered by the State of Virginia, for 
farmers, under an amended and well protected plan. 

Insures in counties surrounding and accessible to Ricbmond, against Fir« 
and Lightning, only country property — no stores or unsafe risks. Policy-holder* 
amply secured— all legitimate losses paid. Average cost per year less than other 
plans, and a great saving to farmers. Amount of property now insured, $330,000, 
and increasing yearly. Estimated securiey in real and other estate, $750,000. 

For further information, address, CHAS. N. FRIEND, General Agent, 

mention this jodknal. CHESTER, VIRGINIA 



ASSETS, $900,000. 

Virginia Fire and Marine 

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va. 

Insures Against Fire and Lightning. 

All descriptions of property in country and town, private 

or public, insured at fair rates, on accommodating terms. 

AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY. 

W. H. PALJ1ER, President. W. M. ricCARTHY, Secretary. 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 



CHARTERED 1870. 

MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANE 

OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 
Capital Stock, ... $200,000.00 

Surplus and Profits, - - $672,445.75 

Designated Depository of the United States, City of Richmond and Commonwealth 

of Virginia. 
Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, this 

Bank ofifers superior facilities for direct and quick collections. 
JNO. P. BRANCH, JNO. K. BRANCH, JOHN F. GLENN, 



President. 



Vice-President. 



Cashier 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



69 



Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS. 




HAND POWER CUTTER. 

These machines sell at sight. They have heavy fly 
wheels and make three cuts to each turn of the crank. 
They will cut hay, straw or fodder, and will cut from 
% to 2 inches. They are shipped K. D., securing the 
lowest possible freight rates. 

LITTLE GIANT CORN SHELLER. 

The frame is made of thoroughly dry hard wood. The 
joints mortised tenoned and bolted. The bearings are 
bolted on the frame instead of screwed. The iron work 
is made from the verv best material, every piece is care- 
fully inspected before being put on. This machine is 
high-grade all the way through. It is handsomely 
painted, striped and varnished. 



'SCIENTIFIC FEED MILLS, All Sizes." 




The SCIENTIFIC Grinding Mills. 

Are unequalled for grinding ear corn, shucks on OE.ofl, 
Corn, Oats, Wheat and all other grains, single or mixed. '-J 




ROSS..,. 

Fodder Cutters, Fodder 
Shredders, Cutters for all 
purposes, Corn Shellers, 
Grinding Mills, Horse 
Powers and Wood Saws. 




Wood Saws for long or ibort wood. Wood or Steel frame. 






POWER MILLS in five si»ea, 

2 to 30 horse-power 
Scientific Sweep mils in flvelslzes, 
Geared— plain and combined, with 
horse-power. 

Aspinwall Planters, Potato Sorters 
and Cutters. 






Bement Disc Cultivator, 
with 6 or 8 Disc. 

Built entirely of steel, steel forgings 
and malleable iron. The most simple 
and easiest adjusted cultivator on the 
market to-day. Write for circulars 
and testimonials. 



ELI BALING PRESSES. 

68 styles and es. For horse or steam power 
Write for prices and catalogues. 

Send for our Catalogues 

and Prices on any 

Implements you 

may need. 

WOOD HARROWS— All sizes. 

DISC HARROWS— All sizes. 

SPRING TOOTH HARROWS— All 
sizes. 

ACME HARROWS— All sizes. 

Harrows of all styles kept in stock 
at lowest net prices. 

One and Two-Horse Planter, Plain 
or with Fertilizer Attachment. 

Special prices given on Studebaker 
and Brown Wagons, Buggies and Carts. 

Studebaker Buggies, all styles, 
Studebaker Carriages, Studebaker 
Carts, Studebaker Runabouts. 

Frick and Aultmen and Taylor En- 
gines, Saw Mills and Threshers. 




ii_U.^i 



fe ii fcai i: i'" |, * 



Aspinwall Planters, Potato Sorters 
and Cutters. 



Aspinwall Potato Planter. 

Automatic, Accurate and Reliable. 
Used by thousands of practical grow- 
ers the world over. Over twenty 
years on the market. Don't be fooled 
by imitations and make-shifts, but 
write for attractive illustrated cata- 
logue. 



HENING & NUCKOLS, 



Successors to 

CHAS. E. HUNTER, 



m l Main St.. 



70 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



A GOOD PIOUS TALK. 

"Brother," said a member of the 
flock to the shepherd, "I wish you 
would drop in at my house some day 
on your rounds. I feel like it would do 
me good to have a good pious talk 
with you." 

The pastor kindly assented to the 
request, and a few days later was seat- 
ed in the little parlor conversing with 
the good lady while awaiting the re- 
turn of the good man from the fields. 

Suddenly there arose a great com- 
motion at the barn. Horses ran mad- 
ly about the lot, the geese cackled their 
loudest, chickens flew into trees, and 
the solemn conversation at the house 
was interrupted by a powerful shout- 
ing: "Here, you confounded black nig- 
gers, why don't you come here and help 
put up these cussed horses? Hurry up, 
I tell you, or I'll punch your misera- 
ble hides with this pitchfnrk, you 
blamed black rascals. Whoa, Jack, 
you — " 

"Pa, Pa'" shouted his daughter, run- 
ning towards him, "'Pa, the pre — " 

"Shut up your gab, Mandy, and get 
back in the hourse. or — " 

"But, Pa, the preacher is in the 
house." 

After a short and very quiet interval 
a heavy step sounded on the porch, the 
front door was pushed open, and the 
brother came in, singing joyously: 

i 
"Amazing grace, how sweet the sound, 

That saved a wretch like me! 
I once was lost, but now am found — 

Was blind, but now I see?" 

He happened to glance into the room 
where his guest was seated; then, with 
outstretched hands, he greeted him 
heartily, exclaiming in utter astonish- 
ment, "Whv. brother, I had no idea you 
was anywheres about here or I 
wouldn't 'a' been a-singin' so." — Bruce 
Craven, in Christmas Lippincott. 



SECRETS OF A. LONG LIFE. 

You sometimes see a woman whose 
age is as exquisite as was the perfect 
bloom of her youth. Yon wonder how 
this has come about. You wonder how 
it is her life has been a long and happy 
one. Here are some of the reasons: 

She knew how to forget disagreeable 
thinps. 

She kept her nerves well in hand, 
and inflicted them on no one. 

She mastered the art of saying pleas- 
ant things. 

She did not expect too much from 
her friends. 

She made whatever work came to 
her congenial. 

As evidence of the fact that the 
"Acme" Pulverizing Harrow is an ex- 
cellent tool we point to the fact that 
there are probably one quarter of a 
million of them in use to-day. 

We acknowledge receipt of a copy 
of the Congressional Directory from 
Senator T. S. Martin with thanks for 
the courtesy. 



Your money back 

Ef you are not satisfied 

DO YOU SUPPOSE that a company with a capital of $500,000.00, paid in full, and the 
proud reputation ol 36 years of continuous success, would make such an offer and not carry 
it out to the letter? 

DO YOU SUPPOSE we would jeopardize our standing with the public and our chances 
Of still gTeater success by f ailing to fulfil any promise we make ? 

DO YOU SUPPOSE we would make such an offer if we did not have the utmost confi- 
dence in the satisfying quality of our goods 1 

WE KNOW we can please you and save you money, for HAYNER WHISKEY goes 
direct from our distillery to you, with all its original richness and flavor, carrying a UNITED 
STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUARANTEE of PURITY and AGE and saving 
you the big profits of the dealers. That's why it's best for medicinal purposes. That's why 
it's preferred for other uses. That's why we are regularly supplying over a quarter of a 
million satisfied customers. That's why YOU should try it. 

Direct from our distillery to YOU 

Saves Dealers' Profits ! Prevents Adulteration ! 




WHISKEY 



4 



PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE 

FULL $^| JO EXPRESS 
QUARTS O" PREPAID 



We will send you FOUR FULL QUARTS of HAYNER'S SEVEN-YEAR- 
OLD RYE for $3.20, and we will pay the express charges. When you receive 
the whiskey, try it and if you don't find it all right and as good as you ever 
drank or can buy from any body else at any price, then send it back at our 
expense and your $3.20 will be returned to you by next mail. How could 
an offer be fairer? We take all the risk and stand all the expense, if 
the goods do not please you. Won't you let us send you a trial order? We 
ship in a plain sealed case; no marks to show what's inside. 

Orders for Ariz., Cal., Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N. Mex., Ore., Utah, Wash, 
or Wyo., must be on the basis of 4 Quarts for S4.00 by Express 
Prepaid or »© Quarts for S16.00 by Freight Prepaid. 

Write our nearest office and do it NOW. 

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY 



ATLANTA, GA. DAYTON, OHIO 

150 Distillery, Troy, O. 



ST. LOUIS, MO, ST. PAUL, MINN. 

Established 1866. 




ihe Chesapeake & Ohio Railway 

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and 
FHROUGI ITS CONNECTIONS.... 

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis, 

Sandusky and Cleveland ; 
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus; 
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima 
and Dayton — 

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT "faSr&SEr ROUTE. 

To STAUNTON, LYNCHBURG, CHARLOTTESVILLE, 
RICHMOND, PETERSBURG, NORFOLK, 

And Principal Virginia Points. 

H. W. FULLER, Gen. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



71 



WHY USE DANGEROUS BARB WIRE 

WHEN AN 

ATTRACTIVE WOVEN 
WIRE FENCE 

CAN BE BOUGHT AT EVEN 
LESS COST? 

THE AMERICAN FIELD FENCING Is made in. many heights and styles for 

turning the smallest to the largest animal. Write for special catalogue and prices. 



The Ohio Feed and Ensil- 



























55 INCH 




J. 
























47 


IN. 


[J 


> 


























39 


TN. 


II 


B 


























32 


in. 




s 


























^ 2« Tin. 


;i 


e 


























20 Cm. 




■Sg 




























|M 


g' 




























~f ' I 


^j - 




l&!sL 






























Jfc'jL 






—— 






rs^>^g ; »a£.^wi 










'I- * r ttjk 


j£ 




age 



Cutters. Built for Strength and tW 



Rapid Cutting. Furnished with either cutter 
orshredder head, or both, and with blower 
or elevator when desired. Special catalogue 
mailed free. 




IDEAL FEED MILLS AND POWER combined grinds all kinds of shell 
grain as well as corn and cob. THE POWER attachment is very valuable for 
RUNNING WOOD SAWS AND OTHER MACHINERY. 

IDEAL DUPLEX FEED MILLS for steam power are very strong and 
grind rapidly. 




Triple Geared Feed Mill and 
Power Combined. 



No. 19. l-horse ungeared feed mill 
grinds corn and cob and shell grain. 
Price, $16.00. 

No. 20. 2-horse ungeared feed mill 

The BIRDSELL with STEEL SKEINS grind8 corn and cob and 8hell grain 

Is the highest grade wagons manufactured. See catalogue Price, $19.00. 

and get our prices. Special catalogues on application. 

BUGGIES, CARRIAGES, HARNESS, ROBES, WAGONS. CORN SHELLERS, WOOD SAWS, THE FULLEST 
STOCK OF AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS. 

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va. 



72 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



BUSINESS IS BUSINESS. 

Mr. Pecksniff's wife was wrathy. She 
flew into the bedroom and without any 
introductory remarks said. — 

"William. I'd like to know where 
our house-girl gets all the fine clothes 
■he's been wearing here of late?" Her 
tone was commanding. She appeared 
to want no trifling. Her husband an- 
swered coldly,- — 

"Wife, that is clearly the house-girl's 
own business.'" 

"William," said Mrs. Pecksniff, "we 
can't afford to be indifferent about this 
matter. All the neighbors are talking 
about it." 

"That's their business," replied Mr. 
Pecksniff. 

"Well," said Mrs. Pecksniff indig- 
nantly, "if you don't speak to her 
about it, William, I'm going to speak 
to her myself." 

"That's your business," said Mr. 
Pecksniff. 

Mrs. Pecksniff burst into tears. Be- 
tween sobs she said: 

"William, I hate to tell you, but the 
people are saying that you gave Brid- 
get her clothes. Oh William. William, 
what do tou think of that?" 

Mrs. Pecksniff's misery was complete 
when her husband without the least 
sign of emotion calmly replied, — 

"That's my business." — Silas Xarier 
Floyd, in December Lippincott's. 



LITTLE RED RIDING-HOOD. 

Little Emily Kingsbury, aged four, 
who attends the kindergarten and calls 
it the "kidney-garden," was being ex- 
amined as to the senses. 

"What are your ears for, Emily?" 

"To hear with." was the answer. 

"And what are your eyes for?" 

"To see with." 

"And what is your nose for?" 

"To blow," was the innocent answer. 
— December .Lippincott's. 



"Crop Growing 
and Crop Feeding." 

By Prof. W. F. MASSEY. 
383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper. 50c. 

We offer this splendid work in connec- 
tion with the SOUTHERN PLANTER 
at the folio-wing prices: 

Southern Planter and Cloth 

Bound Volume, $1.25. 
Southern Planter and Paper 

Bound Volume, 90c. 
Old or new subscriptions. 

"Feeds and Feeding" 

Prof. Henry's Great Book for 
Farmers and Stockmen. 

Delivered anywhere for - - $2.00 
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25 



THE UNQUIET SEX. 

That Bessie is an indefatigable ex- 
ponent of the strenuous life is a fact 
fully realized by her exhausted family. 
They follow in the wake of her small 
investigating person with remon- 
strances and soothing ointments from 
the rising to the setting of the sun. 
She has an elder brother who has 
learned to look upon her activity more 
in sorrow than in anger. 

One Sunday noon he stood gravely 
before the fire, his youthful mind big 
with recollections of the morning's les- 
son and his teacher's insistence upon 
the sin of Sabbath-breaking, when 
suddenly his eye fell upon the incor- 
rigible Bessie. There she sat on the 
floor in one corner of the room, her 
chubby face all frivolity and smiles, 
dolls to the left of her, dolls to the 
right of her, and a kitten ecstatically 
plunging after a piece of string the 
other end of which her pink hands 
held. One glance was enough for the 
elder brother, and he strode at once 
towards the prodigal. 

"Bessie," he demanded sternly, "do 
you want to go to Hellf" 

Without a moment's hesitation the 
string was dropped, up scrambled the 
fat little legs, and off trotted Bessie to- 
wards the door, calling over her shoul- 
der, — 

"Jus' wait till I get my hat, Ha'wy." 
— Evelyn B. Currier, in Christmas Lip- 
pincott's. 



THE SAME TO ALL. 

Not long ago a man entered a quick- 
lunch establishment near Herald 
Square and ordered a portion of cold 
tongue. While this order was being 
executed the following dialogues could 
be heard at short intervals between 
the various waitresses and the chef. 

"Chef, how about my small steak?" 

"On the fire!" (This from the chef.) 
chef.) 

And then: 

"Chef. I've got some liver and bacon 
coming." 

"On the fire!" 

The same answer for several other 
orders. 

About this time there was a brief 
conference between the man who had 
ordered cold tongue and the waitress 
who had taken the order. 

And then we heard this: 

"Chef, how about my cold tongue?" 

"On the fire!" 

"Well, for goodness' sake take it 
off!" cried the excited waitress. — Ju- 
lius Reich, in January Lippincott's. 



The sixth annual meeting of the 
Maryland State Horticultural Society 
will be held at Biltimore, Md.. in Du- 
shane Post Hall, on January 14-15, 
1904. Every one is invited to attend 
th? meetings and place products in the 
exhibit of fruits and vegetables. A 
fine list of speakers is announced, and 
the meeting promises to be most in- 
teresting. Mr. J. B. S. Norton, of Col- 
lege Park, Md., is secretary of the so- 
ciety. 



Western North Carolina 

MINI I DEVELOPING 60. 

of Boyer, North Carolina. 

Jlain Office, Boyer, N. C. 
Branch Office, New York City. 



OFFICERS: DIRECTORS: 

V. R. Williams, Pres., A. C. Black, 

A. H. Tyrer, Vice-Pres., William Black, 

C. J. Wyatt, Treas., Charles Black, 

Geo. Bluck, Sec'y. N. H. Williams. 



CAPITAL STOCK, $25,000. 



This Company is incorporated under tht 
laws of the State of North Carolina, with a 
capital stock of $25,000, to develop the well- 
known native copper lead, situated near 
Boyer, Alleghany county, North Carolina. 
In order to push the development work, the 
Company has decided to offer to the public 
5,000 shares of treasury stock at $2 per share, 
full paid and non-assessable. Shares takea 
at this time when the Company is selling Its 
first issue of treasury stock is a safe and 
good investment. It is no trouble to look 
over the field of active mining operations and 
enumerato hundreds of companies, that to 
own 10 shares of which would mean an In- 
come of no small amount. For instance, 100 
shares of Quincy or Tamarack (copper) would 
insure an income of nearly $2,000 per annum. 
The same number of shares in the Calumet or 
Hecla (copper) would insure about $10,000 an- 
nually. The New York Mining and Engineer- 
ing Journal, of February 17th, gives a list of 
237 dividend paying mines that to own 10 to 
100 shares in any one of them would mean a 
very respectacle income. There are few ave- 
nues of trade that offer safer investments, 
and certainly none more profitable. We hon- 
estly believe this Company will pay its first 
dividend inside of six months, as we are now 
taking out pure copper and gold. Can you 
get a chance like this elsewhere? All we 
have to say in conclusion is we make thi» 
offer to the public, which lasts for 60 daya 
only. Address 

A. TYRER, Western North Carolina 

Mining and Devsloping Co., 373-375 

Broadway, New York City. 



The RICHMOND, FREDERICKSBURG 

and POTOMAC R. R. 
and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y 

Form the Link connecting the 

Atlantic Coast Line R. R., 
Baltimore and Ohio R. R., 
Chesapeake and Ohio R'y. 
Pennsylvania R. R., 
Seaboard Air Line R'y 
and Southern R'y. 

Between all points, via Richmond, Va. 

Fast Mail, Passenger and Express Route 
between Richmond, Fredericksburg, Alexan- 
dria, Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, 
New York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo and all 
Points North, East and West. 

W. P. TAYLOR, Traffic Manager. Richmond, Va. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHEKtf PLANTER. 



73 



i miu i 



The following list of papers and periodicals 
are the most popular ones In this section. 
We can SAVE YOU MONEY on whatever 
journal you wish: 

DAILIES. 

Price With 
Alone. Planter. 

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va $5 00 $5 00 

The Post, Washington, D. C 600 600 

The Sun, Baltimore, Md 3 00 

News-Leader, Richmond, Va 3 00 

THI-WEEKLY. 
The World (thrice-a-weekj, N: Y... 1 00 
WEEKLIES. 

Harper's Weekly 4 00 

Harper's Bazaar 1 00 

Montgomery Advertiser 1 00 

Nashville American 50 

The Baltimore Sun 1 00 

Breeder's Gazette 2 00 

Heard's Dairyman 100 

Country Gentleman 1 50 

Religious Herald, Richmond, Va 2 00 

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va 100 

Christian Advocate, " " 150 

Central Presbyterian, " " 2 00 

Horseman 3 00 

MONTHLIES. 

Wool Markets and Sheep 50 

Dairy and Creamery 50 

Commercial Poultry 50 

All three 1 50 

North American Review 5 00 

The Century Magazine 4 00 

St. Nicholas Magazine 3 00 

Lippincott's Magazine 2 50 

Harper's Magazine 4 00 

Forum Magazine 3 00 

Scribner's Magazine 3 00 

Frank Leslie's Magazine 1 00 

Cosmopolitan Magazine 100 

Everybody's Magazine 100 

Munsey Magazine 100 

Strand Magazine 125 

McClure's Magazine 100 

Argosy Magazine 1 00 

Review of Reviews 2 50 

Blooded Stock 50 

Successful Farming 100 

Southern Fruit Grower 50 

Where you desire to subscribe to two 



3 40 
3 00 

1 25 

4'00 
1 40 

1 00 
75 
1 35 
1 75 
1 35 

1 75 

2 25 
1 25 

1 75 

2 25 

3 00 



75 
75 
75 

1 15 
5 00 
4 25 

3 25 

2 50 

4 00 

3 25 
3 25 
I 35 
1 35 
1 35 
1 35 
1 65 
1 35 

1 35 

2 75 
60 
75 
85 
or 

more of the publications named, you can ar- 
rive at the net subscription price by deduct- 
ing 50 cents from "our price with the 
PLANTER.'- If you desire to subscribe to 
any other publications not listed here, write 
us and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or 
net subscription rates. 

Subscribers whose time does not expire 
until later can take advantage of our club 
rates, and have their subscription advanced 
one year from date of expiration of their 
subscription to either the PLANTER or any 
of the other publications mentioned. 

Don't hesitate to write us for any informa- 
tion desired: we will cheerfully answer any 
'■orrespondence. 

We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of other 
periodicals. 



Seed House of the South. 



RED 

CLOVER, 

nAMMOTH 

CLOVER, 

CRinSON 

CLOVER, 

WHITE 

CLOVER, 

LUCERNE 

CLOVER, 

ALSYKE 

CLOVER, 

BOKHARA 

CLOVER, 

JAPAN 

CLOVER, 

BUR 

6L0VER, 




TinOTHY, 

ORCHARD 

QRASS, 

RED TOP or 

HERDS ORASS, 

KENTUCKY 

BLUE GRASS . 

RANDALL 

G.RASS, 

TALL MEADOW 

OAT GRA5S. 

JOHNSON 

GRASS. 

GERnAN 

MILLET, 

BUCKWHEAT, 

OATS and 

CANE SEED. 



"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap." 

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of every 
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are 

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS. 

<* ■* <* WE ALSO SELL 

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers 

For Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c. 

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and 
Fertilizing Materials generally. 

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods. 
Samples sent by mail when desired. 



Wm. A. Miller & Son, <* 



1016 Main Street, 
LYNCHBURG, VA, 




Headquarters for 



WHOLESALE 

AND 

RETAIL. 



We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders. 
ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME. 
Apples, 
Pears, 
Peach, 
Plum, 
Apricots, 
CALIFORNIA PRIVET, for Hedging. 

. . AGENTS WANTED. . . T 

FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., PBaltimore, Md. J 



Nectarines, 


Pecans, 


Ornamental and 


Cherry, 


Chestnuts, 


Shade Trees, 


Quinces, 


Walnuts, 


Evergreens, 


Almonds, 


Small Fruits, 


Roses, Etc. 



WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. 



74 THE SOUTHEKN PLAtfTEtt. [Jrniirtirj 

4" 4- 

| A LIBERAL OFFER. f 

4» f 

f *¥ 

f 3 Months Trial Su bscription t 

• + 



+ 

=TO THE t 



4* 
4* 
4* 



Southfrn Planter 



for 10 lENTS ir 3 i or 25 CHNTS. $ 

* 



4, 
f 



4» 



This liberal offer should be accepted by thous= J 

ands who are not now readers. i 

Send in at once. 4 

"o>X» '•'*•** ■■-1* ■ X- •/* /^» i- v 



The SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va. 

- fr^ H '4 H ' 'M«^ , 4"f'4'' M '4' , t " fr4'4 , 4*4H^ 



1004.T 



TILE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



75 



YAWN AND STRETCH. 

Medical authority advises this exer- 
cise before getting up. 

Don't jump up the first thing your 
eyes are open. Remember that while 
you sleep the vital organs are at rest; 
the vita'ity is lowered and the circu- 
lation is not so strong. A sudden 
spring out of bed is a shock to these 
orarans. especially to the heart, as it 
starts to pumping the blood suddenly. 

Take vour time in getting up. Yawn 
and stretch. Wake up slowly. Give 
the vital organs a chance to resume 
their work gradually. 

Notice how a baby wakes up. Tt 
stretches its arms and legs, rubs its 
eyes and yawns, and wakes up slowly. 
W^t^h a kitten wake up. First it 
stretches out one leg and then another- 
rubs its fa^e. rolls over and stretches 
the who'e hndv. The birds do not 
wake up and flv as soon as their eyes 
are open; they shake out their wings 
and stretch their lees, waking up slow- 
ly. This is the natural wav to wake I 
up. Don't jump up suddenlv; don't ' 
be in such a hurry, but stretch and I 



yawn, and yawn and stretch. Stretch 
the arms and the legs; stretch the 
whole body. A good yawn and stretch 
is better even than a cold bath. It will 
get you thoroughly awake, and then 
you will enjoy the bath all the more. 



ANECDOTE O^ t <~v RD BEACONS- 
FIELD. 

An amusing and characteristic story 
is told of I ord Beaconsfleld in the days 
when he was wooing Mrs. Lewis, to 
whom in later years of married life he 
was so touchingly devoted. 

Ore day Mrs. lewis, who was then 
living in retirement at her seat in 
Glamorganshire, saw a gentleman 
walkine- leisurely up the drive. "Jane." 
she exclaimed to an old servant, "I 
really believe that horrid man, Dis- 
raeli, is coming up the drive. Do, 
please, run to the door and say I'm not 
at home." Jane opened the door to 
the undesired caller, and gravely an- 
nounced her message. "I know." Dis- 
raeli coolly answered, "but take my 
bag to a bedroom and prepare lucheon. 
I will wait until Mrs. Lewis is ready 



to come down stairs," which, of course, 
Mrs. Lewis felt compelled to do. 

"O dear, what can I do with such an 
obstinate, thick-skinned man?" the 
widow asked, desperately, later in the 
day, when Disraeli showed no signs of 
raising the siege. "Marry him, I sup- 
pose, ma'am," was Jane's philosophic 
answer; and, as the world knows, the 
persistent wooer had his way in the 
end in this as in most other things. 



"What are you feeding to those hogs, 
my friend?" the professor asked. 

"Corn, professor," the grizzled old 
farmer, who knew the learned gentle- 
man by sight, replied. 

"Rre you feeding it wet or dry?" 

"Dry." 

"Don't you know if you feed it wet 
the hogs can digest it in half the 
time?" 

The farmer gave him a quizzical 
look. "Now, see here, professor," he 
said, "how much do you calculate a 
hog's time is worth?" 



Establishe 
GEO. WATT 



, d ,^ ... IMPLEMENTS & MACHINERY ... 



MANFRED CALL, 
Gen'l Manager. 




DISC DRILLS (ALL Sizes.) THE NEW MOLINE. ,WOOD AND STEEL ROLLERS. 

PLOWS AND PLOW REPAIRS of all kinds. We make plows for all purposes and sell them on their merits. 
FEED AND ENSILAGE CUTTERS, CORN SHELLERS, ENGINES, SAW MILLS, CORN AND COB MILLS. 
ETC., ETC. 
We solicit inquires for anything de»lred. Write for circulars. 

2£JSSElJS2 RICHMOND, VA. THE CALL- WATT CO. 



76 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[January 



Pedigrees traced and tabulated. Catalogues compiled and 
circulars prepared. Special attention given registration 
matters pertaining to thoroughbred and trotting horses. 



BT 



w. j. carter (Broad Rock), 



P.O. Box 929 RICHMOND, VA. 

Representing the .... 

The Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va. 
Southern Planter, Richmond, Va. 
Sports of the Times, New York. 
Kentucky Stock Farm, Lexington, Ky. 

REFERENCES:— Mr. A. B. Gwathmey, Cotton Exchange, 
New York; Mr. W. N. Wilmer, of Wilmer & Canfleld, Law- 
yers, 49 Wall St., New York; Col. K. M. Murchison, Banker, 
Wilmington, N. C; Mr. L. Banks Holt, Proprietor Oneida 
Cotton Mills and Alamance Farm, Graham, N. C; Maj. P. P. 
Johnson, President National Trotting Association, Lexing- 
ton, Ky.; Capt. R. J. Hancock, Ellerslie Stud Farm, Char- 
lottesville, Va.; Sam'l Walton, Walton Farm, Falls Mills, 
Va.; R. J. Reynolds, President R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., 
Winston, N. C; Hon. Henry Fairfax, Aldie, Va.; Jas. Cox, 
Belgravia Farm, Mt. Jackson, Va. 



AINSLIE CARRIAGE CO., 

Nos. 8, 10 and 12 Tenth St., RICHMOND, VA. 



Building Carriages to order is our special business. Re- 
pairing and Repainting done, and best material used. A 
full line of all the latest styles. Orders for all classes of 
Vehicles solicited. Write for prices. 



IN THE STUD. 

KELLY, 22283. Record, 2:27. 

(See American Trotting Register, Vol. XV.) 
Bay Horse; 16 hands high. 

Sired by Electioneer 125. First dam, Esther, dam of 
Expressive 3, 2:12J-; Express, 2:21, etc.; by 
Express, second dam, Colisseum, by 
Colossus. 
NOTE.— Kelly is not only richly bred, but he 
represents the highest type of a trotter, having grand 
size and the form and finish of a thoroughbred. He 
is the sire of McChesney, 2 :16f . 
FEE, $25 the season. 

W. J. CARTER, p. o. box 9 2 9. Richmond, Va. 



GREAT STAKES, 25521, 

Race Record, 2:20 Trotting. 

Bay horse, by Billy Thorahill, 2:24, dam Sweet- 
stakes, by Sweep Stakes, 298. Great Stakes 
has sired Captain, 2:16£; Foxhall, 2:19f, 
and four others in the list. 
FEE, $25.00 for the season of 1903. 

W. H. NELSON, 1417 East Franklin St., Richmond, Ya. 



CONTENTS. 



AGRICULTURAL TEACHERS AND WRITERS: 

Editorial 1 

Edmund Ruffln 2 

Hon. James Wilson 7 

Dr. J. M. McBryde 8 

Professor W. A. Henry 9 

Professor B. W. Kilgore 9 

Professor C. W. Burkett 10 

Professor A. M. Soule 10 

Major Henry E. Alvord 12 

Professor W. F. Massey 13 

Mr. T. B. Terry 14 

Col. J. B. Killebrew 15 

Mr. Joseph E. Wing 16 

Professor R. H. Price 16 

Mr. J. W. Ingham 17 

Dr. Henry Stewart 18 

Professor Thomas Shaw 18 

FARM MANAGEMENT: 

"Editorial— Work for the Month 19 

Tall Corn 20 

Enquirer's Column (Detail Index, page 37) 21 

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD: 

Meeting of the Virginia State Horticultural So- 
ciety 24 

Albemarle Pippins 25 



LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY: 
Effect of Feed on the Quantity and Quality of 

Milk 26 

A Visit to a Red Poll Farm 27 

Wintering of Rams 29 

Berkshires at the Chicago International 29 

Sale of Herefords 30 

Dairy Wisdom 30 

THE POULTRY YARD: 

Buff Orpingtons 31 

Co-Operative Experiments in the Cost of Pro- 
ducing Eggs 31 

THE HORSE: 

Notes 32 

MISCELLANEOUS: 

Something Badly Needed in the Country at 

Large 33 

Milk Production of Breeds Compared 34 

The Brownlow Good Roads Bill 35 

Sprays for San Jose Scale 35 

Corn Premiums 36 

Grass Crop Report 36 



SUBSCRIPTION, 50c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE. 



A. C. SINTON. President, 



R. R. GWATHMEY. Vice-President, 
j* j* Jt Jt > 



J. J. SUTTON, Secretary, 



ESTABLISHED 1840. 




The WATT PLOW CO., 

15th & Franklin and 14th & Main Sts., Richmond, Va. 

Agricultural Implements, 
Machinery, Vehicles and 
Harness. ** ^ %* ^ 



INCORPORATED 1893. 



PEERLESS ENGINE. 




HOCKING VALLEY FEED CUTTER. 



DAIN CORN CUTTER. 




STAR SWEEP MILL. 






SECTIONS OF WIRE FENCE. 



A full stock always on hand, and 
prompt shipments guaranteed. South 
Bend, Dixie and Farmer's Friend 
Plows and repairs. The Hancock Ro- 
tary Disc Plow, warranted to go in 
the ground where all others fail. 

Hocking Valley Feed Cutters, Cy- 
clone Shredders, Smalley Feed Cutters, 
Dain Corn Cutters. Equal to any made. 
Ctaver Buckeye Feed Mill and Horse 
Power Combined. Star Sweep Mill. 
Either grinds corn on cob or shelled. 

Whitman All-Steel, full circle Hay 
Presses. George Ertel Company's full 
circle Hay Presses. Rapid Fire Horse 
Power Hay Press, for one horse, a good, 
cheap press. Will put up from 150 to 
200 bales a day. The well known Min- 
nich Brand Baling Presses. 

Hocking Valley Wine and Cider 
Mills. Hard wood rollers. The best 
mill made. 

Hocking Valley Corn Shellcrs, for 
hand or power. Smalley Electric Pole 
and Wood Saws, for steam or horse 
power. Peerless Engines and Saw 
Mills always in stock. Several good 
second-hand Engines and other second- 
hand machinery for sale. "Pittsburgh 
Perfect" fencing, electrically welded. 
See cuts showing weld. Barb Wire, 
Plain Galvanized Wire, Baling Wire 
and Bale Ties. Continental Disc Har- 
rows. Buffalo and Lean Spike Harrows. 

The celebrated Columbus, Ohio, Bug- 
gies, Carriages, Runabouts, and Traps. 

Farm Wagons and Delivery Wagons, 
a complete stock. 

Correspondence solicited. 




TrrrT 

'Pi 

SPIKE HARROW. 








l h . e Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company. 

THE 2STEW POLICY 

Of the Northwestern is believed to be the most desirable contract offered by any company, covering almost every 
contingency that can arise in the future. Absolutely the only policy issued under which the insured is given the" 
option of using the dividends annually in cash or to purchase additional insurance, or of leaving the surplus with 
the company for accumulation for either ten, fifteen or twenty years, no selection being required until the first 
annual dividend is due. In some companies the insured is limited to take annual dividend; in others he is offered 
only the deferred dividend plan. The Northwestern policy contains other unique and valuable features. 



«.«« 



-•—WRITE FOR A PROPOSITION AT YOUR AGE.— *- 



mm 



T. ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina, 

1201 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA. 



STRONG. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES 

Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON- 
DITION POWDERS. If you wieh fat and Bmooth Cattle and healthy 
Milch Cows, give 



DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS. 



For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS nee 
DIXIE NERVE AND BONE LINIMENT- Best on earth for Man or 

Beast Lari?e Bottle 25 cts. ; everywhere. 

— _— — — - — OWENS * MINOR DRUQ CO., Richmond, Va. 



CARDWELL MACHINE COMPANY, 



Cary and 19th Streets, 



Richmond, Virginia, 



MANUFACTURERS 



Agricultural Implements ^ Machinery. 

Threshers, Horse Powers, Corn Planters, Corn 

Shellers, Smith Well Fixtures, Genuine Smith 

Straw Cutters. Peanut Machinery, Baling Presses. 

Tobacco Machinery, Trucks, Screws, Elevators, Hand and Power, for 

Stores, Factories and Warehouses. 

Successors to J. W. CARDWELL & CO. and H. M. SMITH & CO. 



The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA 



JOHN S. ELLETT, President. WM. M. HILL, Cashier. 

CAPITAL, $500,000. SURPLUS- $240,000- 
RICHMOND - • ■ VIRGINIA