Established 1840. 



THE 



Sixty-Fifth Year. 



Southern Planter 



A MONTHLY JOURNAL 



DEVOTED TO. 



Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture, 
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside. 

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY, 

J. F. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager. 





Proprietors. 






Vol.65 



AUGUST, 1904. 



No. 8. 



CONTENTS. 



FARM MANAGEMENT : 

Editorial— Work for the Month 515 

Alfalfa in Virginia 518 

Alfalfa in Virginia 519 

Alfalfa in Tennessee 519 

Alfalfa — Sheep Husbandry 520 

Rape in Virginia 521 

Curing Cow Pea Hay , 521 

Curing Cow Pea Hay '; : 521 

Grass Growing ' 522 

Some Notes on July Planter 523 

Nutritive Ratio of Plant Food in the Soil ' 524 

Alfalfa Growing 525 

Enquirers' Column (See Detail Index, p. 547) . . 525 

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD-; 

Editorial — Work for the Month../.' 531 

Intensive Trucking 531 

Experience with Pear Blight 532 

; 
LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY: 

Milk Fever , 534 

Horse Breeding in Virginia , 536 

The Horse for the Farm \ . 537 



The Farm Horse 538 

The Horse for the Southern Farmer 538 

The Horse for the Virginia-' Farmer 539 

The Farmer's Horse 539 

THE POULTRY YARD: 

The Best Kind of Grain Food 540 

Cow Peas for Poultry 540 



THEHOPC- 



541 



MISCELLANEOUS: 

Editorial — The New Director of the Virginia 

Experiment Station « < - - 542 

A State Farmer's Organization Needed 542 

Plant for Name 542 

Grass Seeding for Hay 543 

A New Director Elected for the Virginia Ex- 
periment Station 543 

Disinfectants and Lice Killers 543 

An Exodus 545 

Making a Concrete Floor 546 

Intensive Trucking 546 



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DEVOTED TO 



PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE, 
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE. 



Agriculture is the nursing mother of the Arts.-=XENOPHON. 
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. ==SULLY. 



65th Year. 



Richmond, August, 1904. 



No. 8. 



Farm Management. 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 

During July, up to this writing (20th of the 
month) we have had much more seasonable weather 
than was the case in the preceding months. The 
average temperature has been nearer the normal, and 
whilst we still lack much rainfall to make up the 
usual average for the State, yet there have been heavy 
tbunder showers over nearly every section of the 
State, and these, though not sufficient in many parts 
to make good previous damage to crops, yet have help- 
ed very materially. What is needed now is a good 
general rain and then crop conditions would not fall 
far short of an average. 



Winter wheat harvest has been completed now all 
through the country except in the extreme North- 
west. Much damage has been done to grain in shock 
in several of the leading producing States, and no 
doubt the already deficient crop has been still fur- 
ther reduced. We see no reason to alter our opinion, 
that the total wheat crop will be at least 100,000,000 
bushels less than that of last year, even though the 
spring wheat crop should realize the best that is ex- 
pected of it. We notice that Mr. Hill, the president 
of the Xorthern Pacific Railroad, who is recognized 
as an authority on this subject, as it is his business 
to provide for the transportation of the crop from the 
Xorth and West, confirms our opinion on the yield. 
He says that he does not expect the crop to exceed 
000,000,000 bushels, which is even less than our 
estimate. We have reports as to many crops thresh- 
ed out in this State. They confirm our estimate as 
to quantity. The quality, however, is in excess of the 



We see no reason why farmers should be 
in a hurry to market the crop. There is going to be 



a strong demand for it later. 



The oat crop promises a better yield than looked 
at one time possible. Whilst winter oats have been 
a comparative failure, the spring grown crop on ac- 
count of the long continued cool weather has done 
better than usual. 



The corn crop is very varied in promise through- 
out the South. There is an increase of about 2 per 
cent, in the area planted, and in this increase all the 
South Atlantic States participate. The condition is 
nearly up to the ten year average, and considerably 
in excess of that of last year. We are afraid, how- 
ever, that the crop is being injured by the excessive 
heat and lack of moisture at the time of this writing. 
We have had a number of parties in complaining of 
the "rolling *of the blades" — during the last few days. 
Wherever cultivation has been at all neglected this is 
sure to be the case, as there is a serious lack of mois- 
ture in the ground. 



The tobacco crop is making'good progress in most 
sections, but, like corn, needs rain. This crop will 
be materially smaller than for some years past. There 
is a reduction in the area planted throughout the 
country of nearly 25 per cent. The only increase 
noted is in the suncured section. 



The cotton crop planted is a large one, consider- 
ably in excess of that of last year, and is making good 



516 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



progress. There is every indication that the yield 
will be large, but we do not anticipate that this will 
cause the price to fall very seriously, as there is no 
surplus crop carried over, and the demand will be 
active for the new crop. Planters should arrange to 
market judiciously, not rushing the crop on the 
market, but supplying the staple as consumption and 
not speculation calls for it. 



The hay crop has been rather short in most sec- 
tions, the weather having been too dry and cold for 
it. There is promise, however, for a good second 
crop, where the rains have been frequent. This crop 
will, however, be largely supplemented by forage 
crops which have been planted in greater area than 
ever before. We have had almost constant enquiry 
as to these crops from sections from which we never 
before heard on the subject. Sorghum, sorghum and 
peas, cow peas, soy beans and millet have been widely 
planted over the South, and the reports we hear from 
these crops is very encouraging. When once farm- 
ers realize what an immense amount of stock feed can 
be raised in this way at little cost, and that when 
judiciously fed so as to combine the carbohydrate and 
protein crops in the ration, stock of all kinds can be 
carried through a long winter not only without loss, 
but with a constant increase in value, and at the same 
time make a large manure heap, which will obviate 
the necessity for buying fertilizer, there will be no 
need for us to urge this subject on the attention of 
our subscribers. It is not even yet too late to sow 
sorghum or sorghum and peas or millet for hay. We 
have known excellent crops of these to be made from 
seed sown in August. Of course, crops planted so 
late as August cannot make so large a yield as those 
planted earlier, and they require more care and pa- 
tience in curing them, but where there is likely to be 
a deficiency in feed for stock during winter no hesi- 
tation should be made in sowing this month. 



The apple crop is likely to be a comparative fail- 
ure. The fruit set badly, and much of that set has 
since dropped. There is a fair crop of peaches on 
the higher mountains, but in the valleys there are 
none. 



Live stock of all kinds is in good health through- 
out the South, and has generally done well, as is 
usually the case in a dry summer. The grass is 
more nourishing than when forced into lush growth 
by constant rain, and it stays in the animals better. 
There is, and is likely to be, a good demand for fat 
Stock on the local and Northern markets, as the strike 



of the packing hands in the West has stopped the 
killing of stock there to a very great extent. At this 
writing there does not appear to be an early prospect 
of a settlement of the strike, and Eastern and South- 
ern markets will have to provide for their own wants. 



The work of harvesting the spring sown forage 
crops should have attention as they become ready. 
If intended to be made into hay, the proper time to 
cut the crop is when just coming into bloom, or in 
the case of peas, when the first formed pods are turn- 
ing yellow. At this time the stalk and leaves are 
fullest of nutriment and will cure into the most pala- 
table hay. Of course, where the crops have been 
grown for the seed as well as the forage they must be 
allowed to stand until the seed forms and nearly be- 
comes ripe. In this issue will be found two articles 
dealing with the much debated question as to how 
best to cure pea vine hay. We can commend both 
plans from personal experience. Practically they 
are what we have always advised — viz., to cure the 
crop like a heavy clover crop. Sorghum and sor- 
ghum and peas hay should be cut and allowed to lie 
as cut for twenty-four hours, and then be put into 
windrow or small cocks to cure out. Sorghum alone" 
when grown for the forage and seed should be cut off 
at the root like corn, and be allowed to lie on the 
ground for several days to partially cure, and then 
be set up in shocks like corn. Sorghum is not easily 
spoiled by the weather, and therefore may remain in 
the shocks without fear of loss until convenient to 
house the same. Indeed, many large growers say- 
that it makes more palatable feed and is more cleanly 
eaten by stock if always fed from the shocks all" 
winter. The stalks are sweeter and more succulent 
than when stored in the barn. 



Soy beans for hay should be cut when the first 
pods are beginning to ripen, and be cured like pea 
vine hay. When grown for seed the stalks should be 
tied in bundles and be set up in shocks to cure, and 
should be handled as little as possible, and then only 
when damp with dew, as the seed shells out badly in 
dry, hot weather. Hogs should be turned into a soy 
bean field after the crop is housed to glean the shat- 
tered seed. 



Millet should be cut when in bloom or just in ad- 
vance of blooming, and it then makes a good hay, 
which can safely be fed to either horses or cattle. 
If the seed is allowed to form it is not a safe hay to 
feed to horses. Some can eat it with impunity, 
whilst in others it affects the kidneys seriously. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



517 



When cut before the seed forms it makes better bay, 
and does not draw on the land so heavily. 



The corn for filling the silo will also by the end of 
the month be ready for cutting. Do not, however, 
be in too great a hurry to cut. Much of the silage 
about which we hear complaints as to its sourness 
and want of nutritiveness is the result of cutting the, 
corn too early. It should be allowed to stand until 
the ears are beginning to glaze and the stalks have 
lost much of the water, which are a characteristic of 
immature growth. It will still have enough mois- 
ture in it to ensure that the bulk when packed in the 
silo will heat sufficiently and pack closely enough to 
exclude all air. I n this condition it will make sweet, 
nutritive silage. When filling the silo see to it that 
the sides and corners of the silo are kept well filled 
and tramped solid, and that the ears of corn are 
thrown from under the carrier or blower, where they 
naturally accumulate, equally on the whole surface of 
the silo, so that the feed shall be equally good all 
through. When the silo is full, or the crop is all in, 
then cover with a foot of marsh hay or cut straw or 
cotton seed hulls and water this cover freely. It will 
fill with mould in a few days and effectually seal and 
preserve the silage. 



The seeding of forage crops for winter and spring 
grazing and for cutting for green feed in the spring 
and for early hay, and, more important still, for mak- 
ing a cover for the land during the winter and pre- 
serving and improving its fertility, should have atten- 
tion. This month and September are the best months 
for seeding crimson clover and hairy vetch, the two 
first crops to be sown. English vetch and rye may 
be sown up to the end of November, commencing in 
September or October. In our last issue we publish- 
ed several articles on crimson clover growing, and 
refer our readers to them. We strongly advise that 
the whole crop of crimson clover should not be all 
seeded at one time. It is a plant easily killed by the 
hot sun when just starting growth, and many good 
stands are lost in this way every year. If, however, 
part be seeded at one time, other part a week later, 
and still more another week later, some is sure to 
stand, and a crop be secured. When seeding crim- 
en clover and the vetches always seed with them a 
mixture of wheat, oats and rye, say from 10 to 15 
pounds of the clover seed or 20 pounds of vetch seed 
per acre, with three-quarters of a bushel of wheat, 
oats and rye mixed in equal parts. This will ensure 
a crop, and make better grazing and feed than either 
sown alone. 



August and September are the two best months in 
the year for seeding clover and grass in the South. 
Let this matter have early attention. We need to 
grow thousands of tons more of hay every year to 
meet our requirements. From recent statistics, 
which we have seen, it seems probable that we now in 
the State of Virginia alone import not less than from 
750 to 1,000 cars of Western and Northern hay each 
year. What the whole of the Southern States im- 
port we are unable to say, but it must be an immense 
quantity. Every pound of this can be grown profit- 
ably at home, and ought to be. We are hoping to see 
such attention given to the alfalfa crop, about which 
Ave published much matter in our last issue, and as to 
which crop there are several very encouraging articles 
in this issue, that very much of this deficiency 
shall be made good from this source alone. Alfalfa 
hay is the most nutritious dry feed that can be grown 
for all kinds of stock, and the possible yield per acre 
is so large that every effort should be made to secure 
a stand and an increased acreage each year. August 
and September is the time when alfalfa seed should 
be sown, and preparation of the land cannot begin too 
soon. All the clover and grass crops require land in 
a good state of fertility to ensure a stand, and, more 
important still, they require that the preparation of 
the seed bed should be the best. Plow deeply and 
harrow and roll and reharrow and roll until the land 
is as fine as a garden bed before thinking of sowing 
a seed. An application of lime is also very essential 
especially for the clovers, which will not grow in a 
soil at all acid. In our last issue we published an 
article from Mr. Clarke, probably the most success- 
ful hay grower in the country, in which he gives par- 
ticulars of the fertilizers which he uses to secure his 
great yields, and to this we refer our readers for in- 
formation on this point. We may say, however, that 
we should not advise the use in the South of so large 
a percentage of nitrate of soda in the fall as he ap- 
plies, but should reserve this until spring, and then 
apply it as a top dressing. The bone meal and pot 
ash can safely, and ought to be, worked into the land 
before seeding. Our own experience has convinced 
os that for good, permanent results in grass growing 
bone meal cannot be surpassed as a fertilizer. Any- 
where from 300 to 600 pounds to the acre ought to bo 
applied, and the more the greater the profit in the 
long run. We again repeat what we have so often 
said, grow grass and clover alone and not with a 
grain crop. Seed heavily. We would never sow 
less than 2 bushels of grass seed to the acre, from 10 
to 15 pounds of clover seed, and 20 pounds of alfalfa. 
In seeding for a meadow select two or three varieties 



518 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



of grass like orchard grass, tall meadow oat grass and 
herds grass, which mature at the same time. For a 
pasture mix a larger number of varieties which ma- 
ture at different seasons, so as to ensure grazing for 
as long a period as possible. For this purpose we 
would add to the above varieties perennial rye, Vir- 
ginia blue and meadow fescue. Sow with each seed- 
ing some red clover or alsike, say 5 or 6 pounds to 
the acre. Where Timotby succeeds it is a profitable 
grass to grow, as there is always a demand for it on 
the market. Sow a peck of the seed per acre, and 
sow it alone. In this issue will be found an article 
from Mr. Clark giving particulars of his first crop 
of grass this year. We would like to see some of our 
farmers trv to 'excel this. 



Though too early to seed wheat or oats, yet it is 
not too early to begin to prepare the land for the 
seeding of these crops. More of the success of the 
crops depends on the preparation of the land before 
seeding than upon the fertilizer applied. Plow deep 
and break fine with the cultivator, roller and harrow 
and keep these implements going over the land every 
week or ten days until time to seed the crops. The 
essential for success in wheat growing is a fine, 
deeply broken seed bed, yet with a compact sub- 
surface and free from weeds. 



Turnips should be sown this month. Prepare the 
land finely and make it rich if you expect to make a 
heavy crop. Farm yard manure and acid phosphate 
are the proper fertilizers to apply, and they should 
be well worked into the land with the cultivator and 
harrow. To make the best crop the seed should bo 
sown in drills 2 feet apart, and after the plants have 
grown the first rough leaves they should be thinned 
to stand 10 inches apart in the rows. Grown in this 
way from 20 to 30 tons to the acre can be raised. 
Rtita bagas should be sown first, as they take longer 
to mature, and common turnips later in the month 
and in September. Every man who keeps a cow or 
sheep ought to grow turnips. They are almost es- 
sr-ntial to successful sheep husbandry and a great 
help with cattle. 



Dwarf Essex rape should be sown this month for 
fall and spring grazing for the hogs and sheep. Pre- 
pare the land as for turnips and sow in drills in the 
same way as advised for that crop if the best are 
desired. The seed may, however, be sown broadcast 
if time does not allow of drilling and thinning. 
Three pounds of seed will be sufficient per acre if 
sown in drills or 5 pounds seeded broadcast. Do not 



turn the stock on too soon, and do not graze too 
closely, and you will have a pasture both in fall and gjj 
spring. 



ALFALFA IN VIRGINIA. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Replying to your request for experience with al- 
falfa, my desire to settle more fully some uncertain 
points, has held me back until now. 

We prepared a plot of four acres February, 1903, 
for potatoes, a deep, rich loam, top dressing with 
scrapings of summer cattle yard, about 7 loads per 
acre, no other fertilizer. A large crop of potatoes 
came off first of July, 1903. The plat was plowed, 
disced and harrowed late in August. About Septem- 
ber first seeded with alfalfa, 14 pounds per acre 
("much more than was needed), using an ordinary 
shoe drill. No other seed mixed with it. This made 
a good stool during the fall and started off vigorously 
in the spring. When about 6 inches high some 
streaks or strips seemed to cease to grow, remaining 
so for some time. On seeking for the cause I found 
that these light strips were where the manure had 
come from the horse barn ; all the rest, being nearly $■ 
all the plat, came on as though treated with bacteria, 
which I found to be present. As there had been no 
alfalfa on the farm previously, I ascribe this to the 
sweet clover (Mellilotus Alba), to which the cows 
had access while using that yard where I got the 
most of the manure. The lighter parts came on 
better after a while, and at first cutting, May 26th, 
the average height was about 3 feet, some of the 
tallest measuring 4 feet. First cutting gave one and 
one-half tons per acre cured hay (estimated). The 
second started off more evenly and made less height, 
but thicker, cutting, July 1st, about the same yield 
per acre as the first time. A beautiful new growth 
is in sight at this writing. Most of this plat was in 
good tillage, but at one spot there was a very heavy 
sod of Bermuda grass. I have watched this spot 
with considerable interest, as I knew there would be 
a fight for life between these two giants. The al- 
falfa had the advantage in one way, being a good 
fall and early spring grower, but, on the other hand, 
the Bermuda had solid possession. The result so far 
is that the alfalfa got a good root and came on so 
vigorously before it was warm enough for the Ber- 
muda that the grass made a very poor showing. After 
the first cutting it brightened up a little, but was so 
soon under again that it now seems about to give up 
the battle, while the alfalfa is as large there as any- 
where in the lot. I sowed another plat about Octo- 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



19 



ber 1st last, bnt failed entirely to get a stand, al- 
though the ground had been well prepared. I be- 
lieve September 1st, and without a nurse crop, is the 
best time to seed it. 

Everything eats alfalfa, and we should seed more 
of it and have better and more stock to eat it. 

York Co., Va. B. F. Weight. 



ALFALFA IN VIRGINIA. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

In your June issue of Southern Planter you 
requested your patrons to write you briefly their ex- 
perience and observation with the growth and culti- 
vation of alfalfa. More than twenty years ago while 
travelling in the Territories and on the Pacific Coast 
I first had my attention directed to the growth of 
alfalfa. In fact, I saw nothing of the grass or hav 
kind growing after I had gone through the Platte 
Valley, in Nebraska, to the Pacific Coast, except al- 
falfa. I was told in California the roots of alfalfa 
would grow till they reached water, and have bVm 
known to go forty feet in the West. On my return 
from California I bought some seed to experiment 
with and sowed it on a rich gray soil in my garden. 
I sowed the seed in September. The seed germi- 
nated quickly and grew vigorously, and for twenty 
years held its own against all noxious growths till 
finally the heavy weeds smothered it. I noticed each 
succeeding year of its growth about the last of April 
the alfalfa would be matured enough to harvest, and 
I suppose about three crops could have been harvested 
from its growth during the year. Last September a 
year ago I selected three small plats on the farm to 
again test its merits. Two of the plats were elevated 
land, with the gray primitive soil with the red clay 
subsoil. The seed germinated quickly and grew 
vigorously. The plats were near the farm-yard, 
and the chickens during the winter season destroyed 
the alfalfa, root and branch. The following April 
I replowed the plats and reduced them to a fine tilth 
and resowed them in alfalfa, and to-day have as vigor- 
ous a growth of alfalfa or Chilian clover as can be 
found in Utah or California. This is where the 
stock has not been allowed to trample upon it to its 
injury. The third plat selected was on a very steep 
place, and while the growth here is sporadic, it shows 
a strong, healthy growth. Two years ago I saw in 
Albemarle county, Va., as fine a growth of alfalfa* as 
I have ever seen, growing on a red steep hill. I am 
of the opinion that alfalfa will grow anywhere in 
Virginia where white or red clover will grow. It 
might be necessary to sow and resow the land two or 



three times to insure a satisfactory stand, and I am 
of the opinion that the cheapest and surest way to 
inoculate the soil is to sow the seed. In sowing one 
of these plats a few seed fell on barren, hard spots 
near the road side, and they are growing as vigor- 
ously as if they had been sown on better selected 
earth. I mention this to show that the alfalfa will 
grow here under unfavorable conditions even. 

H. E. Wood. 
Fluvanna Co., Va., June 23, 1904. 



ALFALFA IN TENNESSEE. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

In the year 1901 I began the culture of alfalfa in 
an entirely experimental way, upon the advice of the 
greatest advocate of alfalfa east of the Mississippi 
river, Mr. Joseph E. Wing, of Ohio, who has been 
growing it successfully for ten years or more on his 
Woodlawn Farm. I had an old stable lot of one and 
a third acres, on one side of which grows a row of 
thick and tall osage orange trees, and the soil of 
which was fairly representative of the whole of our 
tillable land, with the advantage obtained from hav- 
ing been an old stable site. We plowed this ground 
during the last week of February, and after having 
worked it over thoroughly several times with a har- 
row, on the 6 th of March sowed 20 pounds of alfalfa 
seed and a bushel of spring barley. They both came 
up quickly and made good stands, and about the last 
week of June (rather too late to leave a nurse crop- 
on) the barley ripened and was cut, leaving the al- 
falfa plants, small and sickly in appearance, but thick 
enough to be called a fair stand. The alfalfa made 
very little growth during the month of July, owing 
to the absence of moisture, and on the first of August 
I ran the mower over it, cutting it as close as possi- 
ble to the ground. Luckily we had a^ light shower 
shortly afterward, when the alfalfa sprang up thick 
and strong over the whole plot, and in another month 
we were able to cut it again, and took off probably a 
half ton of hay. The growth of the month of Sep- 
tember was allowed to die. down at frost and mulch 
the ground for the winter. The next season, 1902, 
we cut this plot three times, beginning the last week 
of May, and after August 1st the plot was used en- 
tirely for pasture, affording excellent pasture, used 
in connected with blue grass, for sheep and cattle, 
until frost again. In 1903 I was able to cut the 
first crop about the first of June, and tried to keep an 
estimate, according to the conveniences at hand, of 
1he yield per acre. The first crop, which contained 
some red and white clover when cured, weighed 4,400 



520 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



[•August, 



pounds per acre. I did not weigh the succeeding 
crops, but as near as I could estimate it, the second 
crop, cut before the first of July, made at least 3,000 
pounds ; the third crop, cut some four weeks later, 
was excellent, and I am convinced that it produced 
at least two tons to the acre. The last crop was cut 
about the first of September, and made about 1,500 
pounds of hay. I am sure that we made at least six 
tons of good barn dry hay per acre on this plot last 
season. The first crop only has been cut this year, 
and it is fully up to any yield the plot has made here- 
tofore, in spite of the fact that a small percentage of 
the plants were frozen out during the winter. We 
finished putting up the hay about the 20th of May, 
having been delayed by rains just at the time it 
should have been cut, and by the 2d of June had 
about fifteen inches growth on the next crop. Alto- 
gether, we are perfectly satisfied with the experi- 
ment on this piece and on another plot of five acres 
sown in the fall of 1901, and other seedings have 
done as well as we could hope for. It is our expec- 
tation to begin this fall and next spring and increase 
our acreage in alfalfa to two hundred acres as fast 
as possible. It is our experience that good hay can 
be more easily made from alfalfa than from anv 
other clover or grass we have ever grown. The hay 
can be cured into a beautiful tea green, with all the 
aroma, and evenness of quality of the freshly mown 
hay field. I have found it a safe and profitable feed 
for all kinds of live stock under varied conditions. 

A word on the subject of inoculation. My obser- 
vation of this plot during the first year of its growth 
showed that only here and there in spots or streaks 
where the soil was particularly ferlile did the alfalfa 
plants show the dark green color and strong foliage, 
indicative of good health. The second year almost 
half the plot showed this feature, and the third year, 
1003, the whole plot was of the desired color and 
strength. It will be remembered that the alfalfa 
bacteria was not exploited until the spring of 1903, 
but the accounts appearing in the leading farm papers 
and Experiment Station bulletins led me to investi- 
gate the roots of our alfalfa for nodules. They were 
found in great abundance over all parts of the plot, 
and as luck would have it, also had spread to the 
other patch, probably from using the same tools on 
both plots, the rake being a supposedly reasonable 
means of scattering the bacteria. 

My experience leads me to believe that September 
1st to 15th is the best time for sowing alfalfa in the 
South. Failing to get a stand at that time, or in case 
of loss by freezing out in winter, I think the stand 
could he renewed on the same ground in latter part 



of February or almost any time in March, by reseed- , 
ing with disk drill. Do not sow a nurse crop with * 
the fall seeding, but see that the ground is broken up 
as early as possible in the summer, and thoroughly 
worked into a fine and dusty seed bed before putting 
on the seed. I believe the seed should be put in with 
a drill at the rate of 12 to 15 pounds per acre, and 
not more than one to one and a half inches in depth. 
In view of the lights before us on the inoculation 
theory, I think it would be folly to sow alfalfa with- 
out in some manner inoculating the soil or the seed. 
The soil can be inoculated by simply sowing soil off 
an old and well-established field of alfalfa, showing 
the bacteria-bearing nodules on the roots. Prof. 
Soule, however, recommends taking a given amount 
of this soil and mixing the seed before sowing. This, 
no doubt, would give a more even distribution of the 
bacteria, but you can readily understand that the soil 
does not have to be sown with quite the same care as 
the seed, and if the higher parts of a plot are well 
inoculated the infection will soon spread by the natu- 
ral drainage and cover the whole plot, as was the case 
with my first experimental piece. 

Geo. Campbell Brown. 
Ewell Farm, Maury Co., Tenn. 



ALFALFA— SHEEP HUSBANDRY. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I notice your discussion on alfalfa. I will give 
you my small experience. 

I sowed it in spring as directed, and had great 
trouble to keep the weeds down. I have been accus- 
tomed for some years to sow red clover or scarlet 
clover in my corn at last working. Twice by chance 
I got seed which had some alfalfa in it. I had no 
trouble whatever with it. It withstood the drouth 
and the winter better than the red clover or scarlet. 
If it will do this here at this elevation of 2,500 feet, 
I feel quite sure there is no place in the "Old State" 
where it would not winter. 

Being a native of the "Old State," I am rejoiced 
to see the interest there manifested in legumes and 
sheep. I think I can reply to the man who wished 
to know why the English could keep such large flocks, 
while we could not. 

In the first place, the English provide an aburi- 
daYice of food for their flocks at all seasons of the 
year, and do not give an alternate feast and famine ; 
secondly, that food is provided in small inclosures 
so that the sheep are moved frequently to uninfected 
soil ; thirdly, the food is much of it upon tilled soil, 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



521 



and this tillage destroys the infection and keeps the 
soil and sheep in health. 

One of the very best sheep dips is made by a very 
weak solution of tobacco, to which hardwood ashes 
are added until it will kill ticks. This may be known 
by catching a few ticks and putting them in the dip, 
then place them on a board ; if in a few moments they 
are dead the dip is all right ; if not, add more ashes. 
I never tried it, but I believe the ashes themselves 
would make an effective dip. M. A. Dunlap. 

Pocahontas Co., W. Va. 



RAPE IN VIRGINIA. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I saw to-day an interesting experiment with the 
cultivation of rape. It is on the farm of H. H. 
Hudgins, Esq., near Columbia (Fluvanna county). 
About the last of March Mr. Hudgins sowed one- 
third of an acre of his farm in rape. The first of 
May he turned twenty hogs upon it. These hogs 
have grazed it continuously since, and with a small 
ration of corn, have kept in excellent condition and 
with no perceptible loss in the growth of the rape. 
With these hard times upon us, and corn scarce, if the 
farmers would sow small areas in rape it would en- 
able them to feed their hogs at a comparatively small 
cost. I think Mr. Hudgins told me the seed he sow- 
ed on the one-third acre cost him twenty-eight cents. 
Tbe rape seed was sown as turnip seed is usually 
sown. H. E. Wood. 

Fluvanna Co., Va. 



CURING COW PEA HAY. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

In the last two years I have cured 120 acres of 
cow pea hay, the season of 1902 being dry and that 
of 1903 wet, making a very fine hay in the dry 
weather and a good hay in the wet. The method used 
being different from any I have heard of, may be of 
interest, and I give it. 

I cut the cow peas when the first leaves begin to 
turn yellow, follow the mower immediately with a 
horse rake, and follow the rake immediately with men 
and forks, who segregate the rows into small piles, 
not over three feet in diameter and eighteen inches 
high, leaving them as puffy as possible. In this way 
the hay ifl got into piles, constituting a good fork full, 
unwilted and full of leaves; the warm air penetrates 
easily and it is cured green. In a week, weather 
favoring, tbe bay will be fit to put away. Should it 
rain, I wait patiently until the sun and air dry the 



piles, except at the bottom, and then one movement 
of the fork turns the pile over. If rain again falls 
before the hay is secured, the waiting and turning 
process is repeated. I put the hay in ricks 12 feet 
wide and as high as possible, for it settles a great 
deal, and as soon as the rick is finished thatch it with 
straw or fodder so as to turn water. The difference 
between this method of curing and others usually 
practiced is the small pile used, which dries more 
quickly than a large one, and which permits the 
water to run through, instead of being caught and 
retained iu the middle of a shock, causing mold and 
rot. E. Sxowden Hill. 

Prince George Co., Md. 



CURING COW PEA HAY. 

Several methods of seeding cow peas may be fol- 
lowed. Broadcasting is commonly practiced, but 
that, requires more seed and it is not easy to distribute 
them evenly, and if the weather is particularly dry 
the stand will not be so uniform as where a drill is 
used. At the station it is found preferable to use an 
ordinary grain drill, stopping up every other tube. 
This puts the peas in drills about sixteen inches 
apart. The- seed should be covered by about three 
inches of dirt, which ensures a moist seed bed and 
quick germination. By utilizing the drill a more 
uniform stand can be secured and less seed is re- 
quired than in other ways. Where the drill is used 
the land can be cultivated once or at most twice, so 
as to destroy weeds, break up the crust and preserve 
a dust mulch, all very desirable ends, especially in 
case of a drouth year. Where the peas are grown in 
drills they do not tangle so badly as where seeded 
broadcast, and it is easier to cut and separate them 
when making the hay. 

As already suggested it is best to have the crop 
ready for hay making from the last week in July to 
the middle of August, as the weather is generally set- 
tled at that time and evaporation is most rapid. The 
peas are ready to cut for hay when the lower leaves 
are beginning to turn yellow, the pods well formed, 
the peas well hardened and the pods assuming a yel- 
lowish tinge. If cut before this time the crop is not 
sufficiently matured to contain the highest percentage 
of food nutrients, while if permitted to grow older 
the leaves become dry and brittle, and as they are the 
richest in protein their loss is to be avoided. It is 
not at all difficult to decide from the description given 
when the proper time has arrived to cut peas for hay, 
though judging by the correspondence of the station 
it seems to be a difficult question to decide on the 
average farm. It is best to cut the peas in the morn- 
ing if possible, and especially when there is little or 
no dew on them. They should then be allowed to 



522 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



wilt in the sun all day and be run over with a tedder 
next morning. The tedder completely inverts them 
and leaves them loosely strewn over the ground, thus 
aiding rapid evaporation and ensuring quick drying. 
The same evening they may he raked into windrows, 
and if the weather is fair, left to cure further in this 
condition for a day or two, depending on the amount 
and strength of the sunshine, as it is always necessary 
to prevent the leaves becoming so dry and brittle that 
they thresh off the vines. 

After remaining in windrows until fairly well 
cured, gather the peas into small stooks and let them 
stand for a day or two, then at the end of twenty- 
four to forty-eight hours gather into large ones. 
These may then be capped with a fork full of straw, 
and the hay can then be permitted to stay in the field 
for a week or ten days, or until it becomes thoroughly 
cured. The small forkful of straw placed on the 
top of each stook acts as a "watershed," and is much 
cheaper and more satisfactory than any other form 
of capping that we have tried. Hay caps of ducking 
have hitherto proved too expensive and required more 
time to put on, take off and dry out and put away 
than where straw is used. If the straw is loaded on 
a hay rack and driven through the field, the man on 
the wagon can cap the stooks as he goes along and 
cover a great many of them in a short time. When 
the hay is cured and ready to go to the barn, the straw 
can be gathered in with the hay. If that seems ob- 
jectionable it may be gathered up and used for bed- 
ding or scattered on the ground as deemed preferable. 
While some may think the method outlined involves 
considerable labor, it is the simplest, easiest and 
surest method of curing pea hay that we have tried. 
The hay will be ready to store in the barn when a 
small amount twisted together fails to show any ap- 
parent moisture. It is preferable to store the hay in 
large masses, thoroughly salting it and packing it 
down as tightly as possible to exclude the air. Then 
let it alone. Even if it should heat after it has been 
carefully field cured, if it is not disturbed it will 
come out clean and bright and in the best possible 
condition. Many people destroy their pea crop by 
attempting to open up the mass if they feel it begin to 
grow warm. Let it alone and it will come out all 
right. Many others fail because they do not put the 
hay in large enough masses or pack it well enough. 

Other ways of curing pea hay are frequently sug- 
gested, and s'jrifi of them are doubtless excellent in 
their details, but to date, the one given has proved 
uniformly satisfactory. We have been able to cure 
nut a bright, clean, fresh pea hay with a delightfu 1 
aroma from crons cut all the way from the middle of 
July to the middle of October, and it would seem that 
while it might involve a little more labor and trouble 
than some writers advocate, its uniform safety makes 
i* tlie be l method to pursue in the long run. 

The difficulty of curing pea hay is due to the im- 



mense amount of water which the crop contains at 
the time it is ordinarily ready to cut for hay. 

The folloAving figures are interesting on that ac- 
count : 

Green Cured Water 
Variety. weight weight lost 
Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. 

Taylor 22,500 6,200 16,300 

Wonderful 21,400 5,200 16,200 

Clay 20,700 4,900 15,800 

Elackeye 18,000 5,150 12,850 

Whippoorwill 16,500 4,800 11,700 

— Prof. A. M. Souxe, in Breeder's Gazette. 



GRASS GROWING. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Herewith find report of my 1904 first crop of 
grass. The season has been a backward one for most 
crops. The grass, as a whole, is light, mine is better 
than last year, the first crop last year on fourteen and 
five-eighths acres was 55 tons, 729 pounds. This- 
year on eleven and one-third acres there was 60 tons, 
175 pounds, nearly five and one-half tons per acre. 
I have found thus far that potash will make the grass 
stand up whether wet or dry. My seventh-eighths 
acre field is the best this year that it has ever been. 
Many others who have adopted my method have here- 
tofore secured eight tons of dry hay to the acre in 
one crop, but until this year my best hay has been 
seven and three-quarter tons. This seven-eighths 
acre field has produced from one seeding in fourteen 
and one-half years 121-J tons of dry hay. Many have 
beaten me in a single crop, but I think this record is 
a world beater. Some say the fertilizer I use, made 
of bone, muriate of potash and nitrate of soda, is not 
all soluble. That may be so, but with this compound 
and the intense culture given I get xrom six to ten 
tons of dry hay yearly. If any of your friends will 
send me a 2-cent stamp I will send them a circular to 
tell them how. The one-quarter acre field which pro- 
duced 6,401 pounds in three crops in 1903 yielded 
the first crop this year, 3,261 pounds. The fertil- 
izer was put on this section last fall. I am experi- 
menting to find out what is the best time to apply 
the fertilizer, whether fall, spring or both. Shall 
report later. I tried three and one-half acres of oats 
for hay. Sowed 22 bushels, cut them July 11th. 
Put them in the barn the 16th. Had four days' good 
sunshine ; they were very dry. They weighed eleven 
and one-half tons, cost $6 per ton in the barn. They 
make excellent hay. The five and one-half acre 
plum orchard is loaded with plums. Hope to report 
more profit this year in plums. The trouble with 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



523 



plums is that there is so little time to market them, 
one bad storm and they go by. 

Higganum, Ct. George M. Clark. 



SOME NOTES ON JULY PLANTER. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Referring to the Editor's remarks on my contribu- 
tion to the July number of the Southern Planter, 
I have no doubt that the results in Rhode Island 
■were correct, and that acid phosphate gives better re- 
sults on land that was acid and sweetened by lime 
than it would on an acid soil. But this fact does not 
militate against the fact that lime in contact with 
acid phosphate will revert the phosphoric acid. Lim- 
ing land and afterwards using acid phosphate is all 
right, but lime in direct contact with phosphoric acid 
is all wrong. 

SEEDING TO GRASS. 

Stick to that advice you give the Amelia county 
man, to sow grass without a nurse crop. A friend 
of mine was recently visiting in West Virginia and 
met a farmer there who said to him : "Massey advised 
sowing grass alone, and my neighbors said that it 
would not do, but that it was necessary here to sow 
with fall grain. But I took his advice and now have 
the best stand of grass in the whole neighborhood, 
and my neighbors are watching my experiment 
closely." One may get a good stand of grass in a 
grain field and then lose it by the sudden exposure to 
the hot sun after harvest. Another common reason 
for failure in grass and clover is the sowing of too 
little seed. I was often laughed at in Virginia for 
sowing clover alone, 15 pounds of seed per acre. But 
my clover crop was always enough heavier than the 
crop- of those who laughed and sowed six to eight 
pounds to pay for ten times the amount of seed used. 

SOEEEE. 

The growth of sorrel is usuallv an indication not 
only of poverty in the soil, but of acidity. Not that 
the acid in the sorrel comes from the soil, for it really 
comes from the air, but because sorrel can abide an 
acid condition in the soil that clover cannot. Hence 
the use of lime will bring about conditions more 
favorable to the clover and enable it to overcome the 
sorrel that prefers the acid condition. 

TOMATOES. 

The tomato crop has always been a favorite one 
with me both in the garden and as a truck crop in the 
field. I agree with Mr. Price, that it does not pay 
to -fyke and prune tomatoes in field culture. But in 
my garden I find that I can got earlier, more and 
better fruit from the same area by staking and prun- 
ing, though at far greater expense and labor. I set 
my garden plants in rows three feet apart and the 
plants two feet apart in the rows, and then train to 



one stem and tie to stakes. But if I was growing 
them for the canning factory I would give the plants 
more room and never prune or train. Another thing 
I have found out years ago in regard to tomatoes. I 
can get smoother fruit and a more perfect crop on 
mellow farm land that will not make more than 25 
to 30 bushels of corn per acre than in a rich old gar- 
den soil, plowing under in the field a light broadcast 
dressing of manure. The thinner soil will bring 
earlier fruit, too, than the rich soil, and there will be 
less rot without spraying. Mulching the tomato 
plants with straw is an advantage in a dry season, but 
exactly the reverse when the season is wet. The to- 
mato is very fastidious about moisture. If the 
weather is very dry they do not do well, and then if 
it gets too wet it is just as bad for them. I keep the 
crust broken between the rows all the time to retain 
moisture in dry weather, doing it very shallow, even 
when they are fruiting and ripening. 

VELVET BEANS. 

Growers in the extreme southern part of this State 
in sandy soils on the Atlantic Coast R. R. claim that 
notwithstanding the great mass of growth the beans 
make they are more easily secured than the cow pea, 
since they are planted so wide apart that there are 
fewer attachments to soil. In an experiment I made 
h ere years ago the beans were planted eight feet 
apart, and we started at one side. of the plot and 
rolled them over and over, cutting them loose as 
rolled, and cleared the ground completely. But the 
job then was separating them for loading, and on a 
large scale it would be necessary to slice them into 
squares. But you are right in your advice in regard 
to them for any locality north of the southern corner 
of North Carolina. 

DUAL PURPOSE SHORTHORNS. 

I think that what you say in regard to these sim- 
ply shows that the stock indicated have been bred 
into dairy Shorthorns, and have gotten a dairy type, 
and hence are valuable for the dairy. But that they 
can be at the same time the best beef makers is a 
physical impossibility. There were in this country 
in my boyhood a great many deep milking Shorthorns 
or Durhams, as we called them, and they were of 
pure dairy conformation. But they have been bred 
out by the general breeding of the breed for beef, and 
while here and there Ave have deep_ milking Short- 
horns, they are sports or freaks, and will not trans- 
mit their milking qualities when bred to a modern 
Shorthorn bull. The best beef quality and the best 
dairy quality cannot be combined in the same animal, 
and while we may get a half and half cow, the real 
dual purpose is a myth. You can ruin a beef breed 
by trying to make good milkers for- the dairy out of 
them. I would as soon think of training a bull dog 
to hunt quail and expect him to do it like a Setter 
that is "built that way." Just as well expect a Per- 



524 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



eheron to beat a Standard bred trotter on the track as 
to expect the finest dairy performance from a breed 
bred for beef. The two characters are too diverse. 
W. F. Massey, Editor of Practical Farmer. 

In our remarks on the advisability of giving atten- 
tion to the breeding of dual purpose cows we relied 
not merely on recorded tests of what these animals 
have done, but largely on our own personal experience 
in handling cattle of this type. We found them good 
at the pail and good as makers of beef and as pro- 
ducers of beef steers. We have kept numbers of 
these dual purpose cows which gave an average of 
five gallons of milk per day for weeks after calving, 
and made from 14 to 22 pounds of butter per week, 
and which, when they failed to breed made 1,500 
pound beef animals. In connection with this sub- 
ject a series of studies made at the Wisconsin Ex- 
periment Station, extending continuously over nearly 
five years, is very instructive. In the summary of 
the conclusions reached the author of the report say : 
"The cows in the University herd may be considered 
as representing three different types of cows — viz., 
extreme dairy type, large dairy type, and dual pur- 
pose type. If the results for cows of the same type 
be averaged, we find that, the large dairy cows lead in 
average annual production of fat with 325 pounds, 
the extreme dairy cows being next with 310 pounds, 
and the dual purpose cows last with 293 pounds. The 
rank of the cows according to net profit returned de- 
creased in the same order from $45 for the large 
dairy cows to $35 for the dual purpose cows. In the 
opinion of the authors cows of the large dairy type of 
the particular breed suiting the fancy of the farmer 
and weighing, say 1,000 pounds or more, will, every- 
thing considered, be found most satisfactory for the 
dairy farmer. Cows of the dual purpose type, on 
the other hand, are to be recommended for farmers 
who wish to utilize more or less of the rough feed pro- 
duced on their farms for raising beef for the market 
in conjunction with keeping a number of cows for 
milk production." As farmers who are simply and 
solely dairymen are and always must continue to 
form a large minority of the farmers of the country, 
I ho wisdom of breeding and improving the type of 
dual purpose cows cannot be questioned or disposed 
of by saying that this type of cow is not as perfect as 
a purely dairy or beef type for the specific object for 
which the different types may be kept. Where there 
is one farmer wanting a purely dairy or purely beef 
animal there are hundreds who want an animal that 
will make both milk, bulter and beef, and will brine: 
calves which will profitably consume the roughage of 
the farm and turn it into beef. — Ed. 



NUTRITIVE RATIO OF PLANT FOOD IN THE SOIL 

Editor Southern Planter: u 

Messrs. Whitney and Cameron, in Bulletin No. 
22, Bureau of Soils, says : "The idea now held by 
the Bureau as a result of these investigations is that 
the ratio of the nutrient elements in normal soils 
does not play a very important part in the yield of 
crops." (Page 62.) Again: "This (a defective nu- 
tritive ration) cannot be in general an important 
cause of low crop yields, and that the subject of nu- 
tritive ration can, therefore, safely be put aside for 
the present as of relatively little importance to the 
farmer." (Page 62.) And, again, on page 63: 
"There is no obvious relation between the amount of 
the several nutritive elements in the soil and the 
yield of crops." . . . "The conclusion logically 
follows that on the average farm the great controll- 
ing factor in the yield, of crops is not the amount of 
plant food in the soil." . . . "It appears fur- 
ther that practically (theoretically) all soils contain 
sufficient plant food for good crop yield." (Page 
64.) 

I return now to page 62 : "It would appear from 
the results given in this bulletin that plants can and 
do yield ordinary crops, though growing in media 
containing very small traces of all of the plant foods, 
while if the amount of these plant foods is increased * 
a thousand times, as in the case of our alkali soils of 
the West, where potash, lime, phosphoric acid and 
nitrates are frequently found in very large amounts, 
they are unable to give corresponding increases in the 
yield." 

By the way of answer to the above extracts and 
more particularly the latter clause, I do not propose 
to quote authorities, but simply call the reader's at- 
tention to what has actually been accomplished along 
this line, and in confutation of above ideas, by actual 
practical farmers on the farm. 

I will cite first the case of Mr. Z. J. Drake, who 
grew 255 bushels of shelled corn, or 239 bushels of 
crib cured corn per acre. I have enjoyed the pleas- 
ure of conversing personally with Mr. Drake^ and 
also of closely examining the prize acre, and derived 
quite valuable information from the former and in- 
terest and instruction from the latter. This contest, 
premium or prize acre had been so' completely ex- 
hausted of its original store of fertility by continuous 
cotton culture that its maximum yield under ordinary 
culture was but five bushels of corn per acre ; and it, 
together with the land contiguous to it, was so out- 
rageously and notoriously poor that it received the 
rather opprobrious epithet of "Starvation's Empire." 
By liberal manuring with the rakings and scrapings 
of cow lots, fence corners, etc., and stable manure, 
Mr. Drake so improved it as to gather 800 pounds of 
seed cotton per acre. About this tim^ the "Ameri- 
can Agriculturist" prize was offered, and Mr. Drake, 
peeing his opportunity, went in to win, and won. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



525 



Now, according to the idea of Messrs. .Whitney and 
Cameron, this truly wonderful increase in yield was 
due, not to added plant food, but, first, " to improving 
the texture of the soil" ; second, "the organic matter 
content" ; third, "the structure of the soil" or "the 
arrangement of the soil grains" ; and fourth, "physi- 
cal factor the exact nature of which is yet to be de- 
termined." Now, without wishing to underrate the 
importance of "efficient methods of cultivation" and 
their efficiency in increasing crop yields ; I would call 
the reader's attention to the fact that in this instance, 
the only difference in cultural methods pursued in the 
making of 5 and 255 bushels per acre was that, in 
the latter case, a subsoil plow was run in the turning 
plow furrows to a depth of 12 inches. As this has 
been done in thousands of instances, yet no wonder- 
ful increase of crop yield has followed, I am forced to 
the conclusion that the increase was due to but two 
things — first, the added plant food ; and second, an 
exceptionally favorable season. 

In thirty-five years of actual experience in practi- 
cal farming, I have learned some things about maxi- 
mum crop yields and how they may be obtained that 
are not found in the bulletin of Messrs. Whitney and 
Cameron. Those gentlemen tend to make obscurity 
more obscure by stating that "the great controlling 
factor in the yield of crops is not the amount of plant 
food in the soil, but it is? a physical factor the exact 
nature of which is yet to be determined." 

They would strive to bring to naught the research 
and labor of centuries, and give us absolutely nothing 
in its place. They would wantonly destroy the bread 
and give us a stone in place of it. I lay no claim to 
being even a little piece of a scientist, yet I am not 
willing that the light we now have should be ob- 
scured in any such a manner. "Effects follow 
causes" or they do not. Which is it ? 

Thoroughly enrich, by adding plant food_, a piece 
of land, then just 'tickle it with a hoe and it will 
laugh with a harvest." All the deep preparation and 
thorough culture possible will not make a sterile soil 
produce maximum crop yields unless plant food be 
added. Aside from a few soils that are decidedly 
deficient in some elements, though they probably con- 
tain an excess of other elements just as important ; 
a condition of things that, of course, needs correcting 
by restoring the equilibrium or "balance" ; I care but 
little for "ratio" or even the "law of minimum"; 
what I do care about in most instances is the "law of 
maximum," for the reason that that is just what it 
takes to bring about production of maximum (i. e., 
greatest possible) crop yields ; the soil must contain 
an excess of all the elements of plant food in avail- 
able form over and above any and all requirements 
the plants can possibly make upon it. A bountiful 
supply of all the elements of plant food must be pro- 
vided, whether artificially or otherwise. 

Gomez, Miss. G. H. Turner. 



Mr. Turner sends us another article in continua- 
tion of this subject, which we intend to publish in 
our September issue. We may then make some re- 
marks on the question ourselves, as we took occasion 
to comment favorably on the celebrated Bull. 22. 
Whilst the deductions drawn from the experiments 
made by Messrs. Whitney and Cameron, as published 
in Bull. 22, have been the subject of adverse com- 
ment by a number of scientific agriculturists, we be- 
lieve still, and this belief is based on our own prac- 
tical experience, that those deductions are in the 
main sound. There is more in crop production than 
is covered by the quantity of plant food supplied. — 
Ed. 



ALFALFA GROWING. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I am glad to know that you are going to give the 
special aid of your valuable journal to alfalfa the 
greatest grass known, and one destined to revolution- 
ize farming in the South, if sown by the right parties. 
You well know cotton was called king, then iron, then 
corn, (correct me if I am wrong) ; but if you and I 
are spared 10 years we will hear the cry go up from 
all over the land, "Hail to king alfalfa." I would 
say to all who expect to sow it, don't, don't, use any- 
thing but home-grown seed, which the Breeders' Ga- 
zette has been trying to beat into our heads for three 
years. I would say to any one thinking of sowing 
alfalfa, follow close the advice of the editor of the 
Southern Planter,, inoculate your seed, keep down 
the weeds and success is in sight, provided you have 
alfalfa land. Three things are essential to the growth 
of alfalfa east of the Blue Ridge and South of the 
Potomac. G. G. G. ! Grit, Git, Gumpton. 

"Lay on McDuff." B. B. Buchannan. 



ENQUIRERS' COLUMN. 



Enquiries should be sent to the office of The Southern 
Planter, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the 
month for replies to appear in the next month's issue. 



Plant for Name. 

I enclose a stalk of a plant that comes up in the 
clover. What is the name and what is the feed 
value ? Some of it grew four and one-half feet high. 
How much seed per acre should be mixed with red 
clover? L. C. Godwin. 

Accomac Co., Va. 

The plant sent is Cheat (in some sections called 
Chess). It is considered a pest wherever it is found. 



526 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



It is the plant which so often takes the place of a 
crop of winter oats when the same has been winter 
killed. There has been a great deal of it in the State 
this year. It is either introduced into the land with 
the oat seed or is lying dormant in the land waiting 
for a favorable opportunity to grow. It should be 
destroyed wherever found, as it is of little value as 
feed, and is sure, if not kept out of the land, to come 
up when not wanted. — Ed. 



- [August, 



The Rye Crop. 

An enquirer asks what is our average crop of rye 
in this country. 

The average crop of the United States for the last 
five years was 15 bushels to the acre. 

In Virginia the average for the past five years was 
10 bushels to the acre. 

In Washington and Montana States the yield is 
often from 25 to 30 bushels to the acre. 

In Virginia we do not find records of more than 
12 bushels to the acre. We have no doubt, however, 
but that on good land with proper preparation twice 
that yield could easily be grown in Virginia. Eye 
is usually here grown on thin land and mainly for 
pasture, and this does not conduce to a very heavy 
vield.— Ed. 



Skippers in Meat. 

Seeing an inquiry in your paper about how to get 
skippers out of meat, I advise that you use carbon 
bisulphide just as you would on grain. Do not pour 
it on the meat. Put it in a saucer and let it evapo- 
rate. The meat must be in a tight box or barrel. 
Have used this treatment with excellent results. 

New Kent Co., Va. R. B. Fount Le Roy. 



Skippers in Hams. 

In glancing over the July number I find on page 
1-63 an inquiry as to skippers in hams. I believe 
with you that it is best to prevent their getting there, 
if possible/ but if you do not succeed in this, immers- 
ing the ham in boiling water for five or ten minutes 
will, I think, destroy the skippers without hurting 
the ham. Wm. R. Duke. 

. 1 Ihf.innrle Co., Va. 



Ground Lime Stone. 

Will lime stone, reduced to powder, give as good 
results as unslacked lime on land ? Also, what quan- 
tity of the former would you advise using per acre? 

Morr/an Co., Ala. R. S. 

Ground lime is being largely used in some sections 
of Pennsylvania, where there are mills for grinding 



it, and with success. We believe they use from 500 
pounds upwards to 1,000 pounds to the acre. — Ed. 



Fall Cabbage. 

Will you kindly give me some advice about the 
best time to set out cabbage for fall. How they may 
be kept after frost comes ? How to cultivate and 
manure so as to make them live at this season ? 

Halifax Co., N. C. M. Nelson. 

The seed for late fall cabbage should not be sown 
in your State before 1st August. Make the bed rich 
and make it away from the buildings, where insects 
are not likely to be so troublesome. Encourage the 
plants to grow quickly by cultivation between the 
rows and the application of a little nitrate of soda. 
Dust the plants with tobacco dust and air-slaked lime 
to keep off flea betles. Set out the plants in natu- 
rally moist, clayey land made as rich as possible. 
Encourage quick growth by cultivation and a dress- 
ing or two of nitrate of soda alongside the rows. 
They should commence to head in November, and be 
well headed in December. Bend the plants over to 
the ground with the heads towards the North, and 
cover the stalks and the base of the head with soil, 
and they will keep well. — Ed. 



Curing Pea Vine Hay— Harvesting Corn — Grass 
Mixture. 

1. What is the best and most economical (with re- 
spect to labor) method of harvesting and curing pea 
vine hay, and when should they be mowed ? 

2. What is the best method of handling corn, as we 
do in this section, cut tops, pull fodder, haul corn to 
barn and shuck and then worry over the stalks in the 
fields when we go to cut wheat, or as it is done in 
Pennsylvania and New York and elsewhere, cut off 
at ground and shuck from the stalk ? If one only has 
hand labor, when should corn be cut, if this latter 
method is followed, and how should it be handled ? 

3. Please give mixture and proportion for a winter 
grass sowing for pasture, and when should it be 
sown ? Thad. S. Troy. 

Rondalph Co., N. C. 

1. In this issue you will find two articles dealing 
with the harvesting of pea vine hay. We can com- 
mend both methods, as they are practically what we 
have always advised and practiced. 

2. Cut the corn at the ground and set up in shocks 
to cure. We have for years condemned the practice 
of pulling fodder and cutting tops as both wasteful 
of feed and wasteful of money. Cut when the corn 
is glazed and dented. It will then cure out in the 
shock plump and sound. 

3. In our article on "Work for the Month" you 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



527 



will find advice as to mixtures of grass seeds for 
meadow and pasture. — Ed. 



Seeding Wheat With Lime. 

Would it be advisable to sow lime in place of fer- 
tilizer for wheat, using drill and sowing at same time 
as wheat ? How much lime should be sown per acre ? 

Wythe Co... Va. G. J. R. 

We have never tried the drilling of lime with 
wheat, but have seen some reports in which it appar- 
ently was the course taken and succeeded. We al- 
ways applied the lime broadcast, and then drilled the 
wheat. We doubt whether the drill will put on lime 
sufficient, at least 25 bushels to the acre should be ap- 
plied. — Ed. 



Grass for Name. 

Kindly give name of enclosed grass, and also land 
adapted to its growth. Subscriber. 

Amelia C'o., Va. 

Enclosed please find sample of grass, of which 
please let me know the name. I found it growing in 
a lot of orchard grass. H. W. Robertson. 

Bedford Co., Va. 

The grass sent with both the enquiries was meadow 
soft grass or Yorkshire fog. It has no recognized 
value as a feed in this country, except for marsh lands 
in the Northwest. — Ed. 



Clover and Bean Bacteria. 

1. Does the same bacteria that works on the gen- 
eral crop of garden beans answer for soy beans ? 

2. Is not the Clay or cow pea really a bean ; and if 
so, is it necessary that any special bacteria be used 
for it ? 

3. Is the red clover bacteria available for crimson 
clover, or any other variety of clover ? 

Foster Clarke. 
Mercer Co., W. Va. 

1. No. The soy bean bacteria is so far as at pres- 
ent known a specific bacteria of that plant. 

2. Yes. The cow pea is botanically a bean. It is 
rarely necessary to apply bacteria for the production 
of the cow pea crop, as the seed itself carries suffi- 
cient bacteria to ensure a growth even on land in a 
section where the crop has not previously been grown. 
The growth is often on such land not heavy the first 
year, but the second year shows the land to be fully 
inoculated. 

3. This point is not definitely settled, but the best 
opinion seems to be that this bacteria is available for 
all varieties of clover. — Ed. 



a farm for breaking land. I use "Boy Dixie." Is 
there anything better ? B. D. Bowden. 

Craven Co., N. C. 

We have no use whatever for the little turn plows 
which are so much used in the South. They are the 
cause of much of the Unprofitable farming. Get a 
plow that will turn a furrow at least eight inches 
wide and six inches deep, and then work can be done 
which will result in crops. You will find such plows 
advertised in the Planter. We always used the 
Oliver Chill.— Ed. 



Hairy Vetch. 

I am very much afraid that hairy vetch is likely to 
prove a weed hard to get rid of, and liable to scatter 
and spread over the farm. Would like to hear from 
you as to this. Wm. H. Bush. 

Powhatan Co., Va. 

There is no reason to be afraid of hairy vetch prov- 
ing itself a troublesome weed and difficult to get rid 
of. When not wanted it can be killed out as easily 
as any crop we .know of. It is simply an annual, 
and if not allowed to go to seed there is an end of it. 
But even if allowed to seed and spread itself over 
the farm instead of being a detriment like most 
weeds, it would enhance the value of every acre of 
land on which it grows. A good crop of it will put 
more nitrogen into the soil than a ton of cotton seed 
meal, besides the vegetable matter which it supplies 
to the soil. In this way it will supply all the nitro- 
gen required to produce a crop of corn or wheat. A 
weed which will do this can never be regarded as 
something desirable to be got rid of. As a feed for 
stock either green or cured into hay it is one of the 
richest in protein which can be produced, and there 
would be just as much sense in desiring to be rid of a 
crop of red clover as of a crop of hairy vetch. — Ed. 



Plows. 

Please tell us what is the best turn plow for use on 



Improving Land for Grass. 

I have some land which was originally good land, 
comparatively easy to work. It contains consider- 
able sand, but has red clay spots. Some of this land 
has been worked hard, having been in corn every two 
or three years for fifteen years or more, and left in 
corn beds between crops. While other part has been 
left in corn beds from five to twelve years, and a 
portion has grown up in pines, some of this land is 
cultivated in corn this year ; some has been left in 
beds for three years and is grown up in sassafras 
bushes, while other has been left in beds, and is cov- 
ered with small pines. Please advise how best to 
improve this land and get in grass. It is some dis- 
tance from railroad, with bad road to haul over, mak- 
ing it very difficult to get lime. Can you advise a 
plan to get this land in grass without the use of lime. 



528 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



The land is rolling, with small branches running 
through it ? Also please advise best method of get- 
ting rid of very large bramble briers. 

Spotsylvania Co., Va. Subscriber. 

Land which has been worked and treated like thio 
has been is not in a condition to produce grass right 
away. It must be prepared for the crop by good 
cultivation and enrichment. We would plow it deep- 
ly as soon as possible, and if able would also subsoil 
it. Then if we could get lime to it even if only suffi- 
cient to give it a light dressing, would lime it. It 
should have from 25 to 35 bushels to the acre at least. 
We should harrow this in, and then sow part in 
crimson clover, wheat, oats and rye (12 pounds of 
crimson clover and three-quarters of a bushel of 
wheat, oats and rye mixed, and other part seed with 
hairy vetch, wheat, oats and rye (15 pounds of vetch 
and three-quarters of a bushel of wheat, oats and 
rye), and harrow in the seed and roll if dry. This 
should give a winter cover, and will provide graz- 
ing in the early spring. In May we would plow 
down the crops, apply 300 pounds of acid phosphate 
per acre and sow in cow peas. In August cut the 
peas for hay, leaving a long stubble. This stubble 
we would cut into the ground with a disc or cutaway 
harrow or a cultivator, and at the same time apply 
300 pounds of bone meal per acre and sow to grass 
alone. Sow 2 or 3 bushels of mixed orchard, tall 
meadow and red top (herds grass) per acre, with 5 
pounds of red clover or alsike clover per acre. Har- 
row in the seed and roll if dry enough. Top dress 
with farm yard manure during the winter, and you 
should get a stand of grass. 

The bramble briers should be cut off and burnt, and 
the roots be plowed up and raked off and burnt. — Ed. 



Diseased Wheat Ears. 

Please let me know what is the matter with these 
wheat heads. It is not smut, or rust. I noticed 
them first eight to ten days ago. Parts of the heads 
were green, parts white. I waited to see what the 
result would be later, and find only badly shrivelled 
grains in the white part, but fully developed grains 
in the then green parts. Only about one-quarter acre 
is partially affected. I don't think it is rust, as (I 
tli ink J rust affects the whole plant, and all grains 
are equally shrivelled. I saw some heads green at 
both ends and one inch of the: middle white. 

l/uiicribiirc] Co., 1". Ci-ir. Rickers. 

As we were unable to decide what was the 
disease affecting the wheat, we sent the same to the 
Department of Agriculture, Washington, with a re- 
quest for opinion thereon, and have been favored with 
the following reply: 



Yours of June 28 th, asking the trouble with some 
diseased heads of wheat enclosed, has been referred, 
through the Pathologist and Physiologist, to this lab- 
oratory. These heads are affected in the same way 
that many other samples are which we have received 
a number of times this season from other places. The 
cause seems to be simply the unusual amount of wet 
weather, together with the general coolness of the 
season. With a few exceptions the season has been 
unusually cool, and there has been much rainfall, and 
the water gathers inside the chaff at the base of the 
grain, and, soaking the plant thoroughly, prevents 
further nutrition. Of course, in some cases the grain 
may be already partly formed, and in other cases it 
may not yet be started, which will account for the 
fact that some spikelers are partially filled, others 
have no grain at all, and still others may have even 
fully developed grains. The portion of the head 
where the spikelets are closest together is also likely 
to be more damaged, as in that case the drying out of 
the head after the rainfall does not occur so easily. 
Naturally, varieties of wheat having club heads will 
suffer most. The pink looking fungus occasionally 
seen on the decaying heads is not concerned with the 
injury, but is an accompaniment of the trouble. 

M. S. CxIrleton, Cerealist. 



Preparing Land for Wheat, Oats and Pasture. 

I have a field of 30 acres under fence I wish to sow 
to wheat, oats and clover this fall. Twenty acres has 
been in clover for two years, 1903 and 1904. Eight 
acres in weeds, broom sedge, etc., two acres poor, thin 
land. This field has been grazed, but not very close. 
The twenty acres I wish to sow to wheat, the eight to 
oats, the two acres I wish to plow and improve. 
jSTow, how would you advise me to proceed to prepare 
this land ? Kind and quantity of fertilizer per acre ? 
What can I sow on the poor land this fall to improve 
it? I wish to use this field as a pasture after har- 
vesting, wheat and oats and one crop of clover. The 
land is all a gravelly loam, with red subsoil. 

J. II. Shaw. 

Mecklenburg Co., Va. 

The oat crop should be the one first seeded, as 
winter oats to be a success should be got in not later 
than the middle of September. Plow the eight acre 
lot at once, and as soon as plowed a^pply 25 bushels 
of lime to the acre and harrow in. Harrow again 
once or twice before the time to seed the oats. In 
the second week in September apply 300 pounds of 
acid phosphate broadcast and harrow again, and sow 
two bushels of winter oats per acre broadcast, and 
cover well with the harrow. Then sow 2 bushels of 
mixed grasss seed (orchard, tall meadow, red top Vir- 



1901.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



529 



ginia blue and meadow fescue), and 5 pounds of red 
#or alsike clover and harrow in lightly and roll. In 
the intervals between working the oat plot have the 
20 acre plot plowed, beginning as soon as possible, 
plow deep. When plowed apply 25 bushels of lime 
to the acre and harrow in. Harrow and reharrow 
and roll this piece at weekly intervals until the 1st of 
October, and then apply 300 pounds of acid phos- 
phate and bone meal in equal parts, harrow 
in and drill one and one-half bushels of wheat 
per acre, sowing at the same time with the drill two 
bushels of the same mixture of grass seeds and clover, 
as are advised for use on the oats. The two acres of 
thin, poor land should be plowed at once, have 300 
pounds of acid phosphate applied per acre, and be 
seeded with 10 pounds of crimson clover, 1 bushel of 
wheat, oats and rye mixed in equal parts, and 5 
pounds of red or alsike clover. We have advised the 
seeding of the grass and clover seed on the different 
lots in order to meet the requirements of pasturage 
after the wheat and oats are cut. It may be success- 
ful or it may fail. We do not approve the practice 
of seeding grass in grain crops, as it so frequently 
fails to make a stand. If the land were ours, and we 
I could dispense with the pasturage until the fall, we 
would not seed the grass and clover on the wheat and 
oats, but would disc the stubble as soon as the grain 
crops were cut and sow cow peas or cow peas and sor- 
ghum and graze these off as soon as they were ready, 
and then sow grass and clover alone. In this way 
the certainty of securing pasturage would be in- 
creased, though it would be later, and a good crop of 
clover and grass might confidently be looked for the 
following year. — Ed. 



Skippers in Hams. 

In the July number of Southern Planter, J. M. 
Paris asked how to get rid of skippers in meat. To 
prevent them from getting in the meat, in early 
spring every few days make a strong red pepper 
smoke in the smoke house ; later, if they should make 
their appearance, hang the meat on the hottest, sunny 
side of house as long as required, and they will come 
out. A month's sun will not injure the meat. 

Warwick Co., Va. W. C. Miner. 



Getting Rid of Fleas and Lice. 
A subscriber writes us that fleas may be kept out of 
Wk buildings used for housing stock of all kinds by the 
constant use of plaster (gypsum) in and about the 
places. Sprinkle freely upon the droppings and lit- 
tr-r. The use of kerosene will rid hogs of lice. Spray 
it over them or pour a little on the centre of the back 



from head to tail, and this will soon spread all over 
the animal, and the lice will let go at once and quit. — 
Ed. 



Alfalfa Land— Thin Shelled Eggs. 

Please let me know which you consider best for 
alfalfa, branch bottoms or hillside, "not steep." 

2. The best remedy for hens laying thin shelled 
eggs. They have free access to air-slacked lime ? 

T. O. D. 
1. The "Branch bottoms" if the land is suffi- 
ciently elevated above the stream to give perfect 
drainage and keep water from standing on the field 
will yield heavier crops of alfalfa than the hillsides, 
as the plants will get a more constant supply of water 
from the subsoil, which will naturally be permeated 
with it from the branch. Such hillsides, however, 
as you describe ("not steep") will, if made rich, grow 
alfalfa. 

2. We can suggest nothing more effective for thick- 
ening the shells than a plentiful supply of calcareous 
matter. We think, however, that this can be sup- 
plied in better and more acceptable form than air- 
slacked lime. Broken oyster shells and rough old 
mortar from a building or the refuse of a lime kiln 
are better because more acceptable. In this rough 
form the matter helps the hens to digest their food, 
and in the process of grinding in the gizzard becomes 
assimilated with the food and passes into the system. 
—Ed. 



Beehives. 

Please give dimensions and directions for making 
a Langstroth beehive or some other good hive. 

Bland Co., Va. S. H. Heloy. 

You will find hives and many appliances adver- 
tised in the Planter, and will be able to buy them 
cheaper than you can make them. We do not have 
by us any book with instructions for making these 
hives, and have had no personal experience with 
them. — Ed. 



Parsnip Seed. 

A year ago I bought of T. W. Wood & Sons, of 
your place, some very good parsnip seed, and from 
it had a good crop ; but as I went North in the early 
winter and remained until May, the parsnips were 
not harvested. And as my home burned clown, I am 
occupying another house, and they are still standing 
and loaded with some of the best seed that I ever saw. 
I wish to save some of it, and this brings me to the 
object of this letter. When I was a boy (about 72 
years ago) my mother sent me to the garden to col- 
lect the parsnip seed. Some one present told me to 



530 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



be careful to reject, either the seed from the main 
stem or from the branches (I forgot which), as it 
would produce nothing but small roots, running into 
the wild parsnip, which is poisonous. Is there any 
truth in it ? P. Norton. 

Davidson Co., N. C. 

We never heard of such a difference in the seed 
before, and do not believe there is any truth in the 
tale.— Ed. 



Orchard Management— Cattle Ticks— Clover 
Seeding. 

Please' answer the following questions through the 
•columns of your paper: 

1. We have a young orchard six years old with 
first crop of fruit this season (apples) on thin land, 
gravelly. Give best method of improving ground to 
get best results from trees. Could we use some sown 
Crop and not have to cultivate through summer ? 

2. Where can I find Zenoleum for killing ticks on 
cattle ? Do you know of some home-made remedy ? 
Have been giving sulphur previous to this .with fair 
results. 

3. I have a clover sod that I wish to put in wheat 
this fall and resow to clover again, how much seed 
will be best to sow. Have cut a good crop of clover 
(first crop) July 1st. How soon should the second 
crop be ploughed down ? What kind of fertilizer 
would be best to use on same % Soil is light red, with 
dark red clay subsoil. I. H. Faust. 

Randolph Co., W. Va. 

The best system of management for a young or- 
chard in the South is to keep the land in cultivation 
from April until July, then in July and August to 
sow crimson clover or hairy vetch, with a light seed- 
ing of wheat and winter oats mixed, and let this crop 
cover the ground until the following April, when it 
should be plowed down and cultivation started; 200 
or 300 pounds of acid phosphate and 100 jpounds of 
muriate of potash per acre should be applied before 
seeding the clover or vetches. Such a system pro- 
vides food for the trees at the lowest cost, encourages 
growth at the proper season, and checks and ripens 
the growth in the fall. If after two or three years 
of such management the growth becomes too lux- 
uriant, resulting in long, sappy wood instead of the 
short, sturdy spurs and limbs indicative of bearing 
wood the orchard should be seeded down to grass 
in August and the crop be allowed to stand two or 
three years, according as the trees may seem to re- 
quire. The first crop of clover and grass may be 
mown for hay, but the later crops should be mown 
and left on the land as a mulch. 

2. Write the Zenner Disinfectant Co., Detroit, 
Mich. Yon will find their advertisement in the 



Planter for the last four months. Lard with kero- 
sene mixed in has been successfully used by some 
parties. But we do not think this as effective or 
otherwise as desirable as Zenoleum or the dips made 
by Laidlow, McKill & Co., of this city, or as Coopers' 
Dip, both of which you will also find advertised in 
the Planter. The sulphur remedy is useful, though 
not a perfect preventive. 

3. Plow the second crop down as soon as possible 
now, as it is essential to the success of the wheat crop 
that the land shall become compacted again before 
seeding. After plowing the crop down keep the sur- 
face worked every week or ten days with the harrow 
and roller until time to sow the wheat. Uusually 
from eight to ten pounds of clover seed is sown per 
acre, but we prefere to sow twelve.- — Ed. 



Sick Hogs. 

My hogs are making me weary of trying to raise 
enough for home use. The pigs begin to cough, 
many of them, before weaning, then get thin and 
have a vigorous case of thumps, a strenuous inside 
movement, I can describe by no better term than 
thumps, stop growing, and after a long time a portion 
die. Those that do not are never any good. Will . 
some one tell me what is the trouble, and how to 
eradicate it ? J. R. Skinner. 

Loudoun Co., Va. 

We think the probable cause of your trouble is that 
you do not let the sows have exercise enough and live 
a natural life in the pasture and woods. Sows kept 
closely in confinement seldom farrow strong, healthy 
pigs, and these lying in hot beds of litter are very' 
susceptible to lung trouble when a cold wind strikes 
them. Let the sows run at large both when carrying 
the pigs and after the pigs are farrowed, of course, 
having a dry, warm house in which to shelter them in 
time of storms. Keep their beds dry and free from 
dust — Ed. 



Alfalfa— Timothy Chaff. 

1. Please give me some information about alfalfa, 
whether you sow it with other grains or by itself. 
Where can you get it, and at what price ? 

2. Would it be injurious to feed to cattle clean 
Timothy husk or chaff in a mash ? 

Culpeper Co., Va. A Subscriber. 

1. In this and last month's issue you will find 
much information as to the alfalfa crop. You can 
get the seed from the seedsmen advertising in the 
Planter. The price varies from week to week, but 
they will gladly quote you. 

2. No.— Ed. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



531 



Trucking, Garden and Orchard 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 

The various crops of fruit and vegetables which 
have been the objects of care and attention and have 
cost both time and money, should be carefully har- 
vested and shipped in the best and most acceptable 
packages if there is to be a reasonable return for 
the investment. Do not let products become over- 
ripe nor yet ship before they are sufficiently matured 
to show well when opened out. See that before be- 
ing packed or stored they are cooled off and care- 
fully culled and sorted. Ship only one quality in a 
package, and mark that quality on the outside, and 
let the contents grade up fully to the marking. Keep 
culls at home or ship separately. See that all pro- 
ducts stored for home use are put where they will be 
protected from the weather and have a reasonable 
chance of keeping well. Use culls and defective 
products first. 



Eall cabbage seed should be at once sown on rich, 
moist land, and the growth of the plants should be 
pushed on by watering with manure water and a 
little nitrate of soda. Dust them with tobacco dust 
'and air-slaked lime to keep off bugs, worms and 
beetle; 
Savoy 

the plants in the first week of September. It should 
be made rich, and after the plants are set out they 
should be pushed so that they may commence to head 
hv November. 



Celery plants should now be set out in the rows 
where they are to mature. Celery requires a rich, 
moist soil in order that it may make a quick growth. 
Make the bed rich with farm-yard manure or a fer- 
tilizer having 7 or 8 per cent, of ammonia, 5 per 
cent, of phosphoric acid, and 8 per cent, of potash. 
Break the soil deep and make it fine. Set out the 
plants about 6 inches apart if the variety grown is a 
self-blanching one, so that they may crowd each other 
and thus blanch the stalks. If not a self-blanching 
variety, the plants should be set out in rows five feet 
apart, so as to provide soil for earthing up to blanch. 
Set two rows of plants in each row, six inches apart 
each way. A little soil should be drawn to the 
plants as they grow to keep them from spreading, 
but do not earth up the plants to blanch them until 
they have nearly matured their growth. Water fre- 
quently if the weather is dry. 



Sow Crimson Clover on all land not wanted for 
other winter crops as soon as the spring crops are 
harvested. 



Cultivation should cease in the orchard and bush 
The best varieties are Flat' Dutch and j fruit patches so as to encourage ripening of the wood. 

Have the ground prepared for setting out 

Land intended to be planted in strawberries should 
be plowed and worked so as to encourage germina- 
tion of weed seeds. 



Broccoli plants should be set out this month. They 
require the same management as cabbage. Make the 
soil rich, and push them. They make a head like a 
cauliflower. 



In the Eastern and Tidewater sections of the 
South Atlantic States sowings of English peas and 
snap beans may be made. The crop is an uncertain 
one, a3 an early frost will ruin it, but if this keeps 
■off until the end of October there is money in raising 
these products. They are also most acceptable for 
the home table. 



Seed may be sown this month for fall and early 
winter lettuce plants. Select a moist, shady place 
for the bed and do not make it overrich. Radish seed 
may be sown towards the end of the month. 



Kale and Spinach may be sown at the end of the 
month. These should be sown where they are to 
grow to maturity.. Sow in rows two feet apart. 



INTENSIVE TRUCKING. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I always read with great interest everything from 
the pen of Prof. Massey. It is not only interesting, 
but very practical information which permeates all 
his articles. 

In a late issue of the Planter I have read care- 
fully his article on "The Lettuce Crop" at or near 
Newbern, N. C, where he speaks of using artificial 
heat and moisture in raising lettuce, celery, berries, 
etc., in competition with the Florida crops. 

Now, it looks to me from my point of view, that 
our Newbern trucker friends are getting just a little 
bit too selfish, too grasping, too piggish in their 
work, and are trying to secure everything in sight. 
Latitude, Gulf Stream and altitude gives them an 
advantage — a great and wonderful advantage — over 
New York, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland and 
Long Island in the matter of growing crops for the 
early markets, and it seems as if our Newbern friends 
should be content with that great advantage ; but in- 



532 



THE SOUTHEBN PLANTER 



[August, 



using artificial 



stead of being content, they are 
warmth and moisture in order to grow the winter 
vegetables and thus cut out Florida and other see- 
tions to the far South. 

It speaks well for Newbern people intellectually, 
but it is rather an infringement on good morals and 
manners for them to grasp after everything in sight. 
Even here in the Norfolk trucking section, which 
is the best trucking centre in the United States, we 
can grow five crops per annum. It seems to us that 
that is good enough. We do this without resorting 
too much to artificial means or methods. 

It is true, in some cases, the plants are started 
under cover, glass or cotton, and it is true a wind- 
mill may be on hand to supply a little water — just a 
little to keep the young plants growing in the thickly 
sown beds and prepare them for transplanting in the 
open fields — but, as a rule, our people question the 
wisdom of engaging in a large way in the intensive 
tillage of the soil, such as calls for artificial heat and 
moisture. 

The "Good Master" has promised us "seed time 
and harvest," and the "gentle rains" fall upon the 
"evil and the good," and we can get along very nicely 
without resorting to extreme measures, to get ahead 
of the "other fellow." 

A case in point. A gentleman not far from Nor- 
folk rents a little three acre patch of land, with a 
good house thereon, paying for the land and house 
$250 per annum rent. This leaves him about two 
and one-half acres of land to cultivate. It is thought 
that he will easily sell $.3,000 worth of produce from 
that small acreage of land. 

He sowed radishes in December, and then set the 
land out to lettuce in March. Just before he cut the 
lettuce crop, he sowed beets between the lettuce rows. 
Just before he pulled his beets, he transplanted can- 
teloupes by an ingeneous method or twist of the 
wrist, between the beets, and in this way, if he keeps 
it up, and "fights it out on that line all summer, "he 
will beat the record." 

He gets four crops in a little less than eight months 
practically without artificial heat or moisture, and 
can get at least one, perhaps two, more crops inside 
the twelve months, making five or six crops from the 
same land in a single season. 

It seems that where nature has done so much, man 
had best utilize to the fullest extent the natural ad- 
vantages, without taking such undue, unfair, unkind, 
unnecessary, unnatural, unprecedented, unjust and 
unwarranted advantage of their fellow-men, as the 
Newbern people are doing when they raise the Flori- 



da crops all winter, and the Northern crops all sum- 
mer, i 

There can't be much "tar on the heels" of the New- 
bern trucker. Nor does he give the flies any chance 
to roost on him. 

But we give him due notice, that if he persists in 
his wild career, our people here in self-defense may 
have to put a glass roof over Norfolk, Nansemond 
and Princess Anne counties, divert the waters of the 
Dismal Swamp, James and Nansemond rivers for 
moisture, and the sun and Pocahontas coal will give 
us warmth enough to make it hot for those who 
started this unholy crusade against the perquisites, 
privileges and pocket-books of the whole Atlantic 
Coast trucking belt. A. Jesters. 

Norfolk, Va. 



EXPERIENCE WITH PEAR BLIGHT. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Much has been written about the blight on pear 
trees, and some writers speak very positively on the 
subject, declaring that it is a fungus disease — that 
is to say, a disease caused by a growth of minute 
plants which spring up suddenly like mould, mildew, m 
smut and mushrooms. Dr. Groff says that "fire 
blight is a contagious germ disease like diphtheria 
or scarlet fever." In this belief he has the sanction 
of some of the learned doctors to support him, and 
is on what is supposed to be the orthodox side of the 
question, but the common name, "fire blight" indi- 
cates that the common people who gave it the name, 
believed that it was caused by strong heat. 

According to my experience, pear blight is caused 
by sun scald, and the fungus growth which the micro- 
scope shows on the dead limbs is the result and not 
the cause of their death. My opinion is that the fun- 
gus or germs come on after the death of the limb, as 
the sweat on the dead man's face, and the flies and 
crows come to feast on the body of the dead horse 
when he can no longer offer resistance to their at- 
tacks. I believe the fungus does not make its ap- 
pearance on the pear trees until after they have been 
cooked by the sun when shining uncommonly hot. 

I had three pear trees of the same age that had 
borne fruit two years, and were full of nearly half 
grown pears, when two of them suddenly blighted 
and the other remained unhurt. One stood on ground 
lower than the smokehouse, which had been enriched ( 
by wood ashes which had been thrown out. Another 
stood below a hog pen, where the soil had become 
very fertile by drainage from the pen. Both these 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



53S 



trees had made an astonishingly fast growth, and the 
P bark on the limbs was smooth, thin, tender and full 
of sap. The other tree stood on the northwest side 
of the ice-house, on poorer ground, and was partly 
shaded from the fierce rays of the noon-day sun. 

One day about the latter part of June, after a spell 
of very hot weather, I observed that the tree below the 
smokehouse appeared to be dead. In one day every 
leaf had suddenly wilted, and was turning black, and 
the young pears were shrivelling. The tree present- 
ed exactly the same appearance which forest trees do 
when killed by the heat of a burning "follow," or 
new clearing in the woods. I have often seen trees 
standing several rods outside the "follow" that were 
killed by the heat, no blaze having touched them or 
been within five rods of them. 

On removing the bark from my blighted pear tree 
limbs before it had begun to dry and shrink, I found 
it loose enough to make whistles, and the sap, of 
which there was a profusion, had a reddish hue, and 
the inside of the bark, which naturally should have 
been white, was of a yellowish red. The tree below 
the smokehouse died immediately after being blight- 
ed. There was no bother in sawing off limbs — the 
whole tree was removed. 

A writer in the Ohio Farmer thinks the application 
of a barrel of ashes to the roots of his pear trees saved 
them from blight. It is my opinion that wood ashes 
by stimulating its growth was the cause of killing my 
pear tree, which stood below the smoke-house. At 
all events a supply of potash in the soil did not save 
it. The tree below the hog pen had about one-third 
(if the limbs on the east side blighted. These were 
promptly sawed off, but the tree had received such a 
severe shock that the next year it died. The tree 
near the ice-house was not injured, and has borne 
crops of pears every year since. 

As already stated, my experience leads me to be- 
lieve tbat blight is caused by sun scald. When the 
tree has grown unusually fast, the bark on some of 
the limbs is tender and full of sap. The heat of the 
sun scalds the sap, causing it to ferment, and this 
changes its nature from a wholesome nourishment for 
the limb and its fruit, to a poisonous liquid, which 
produces death to the parts affected, and then the 
fungus comes like the mould on the apple sauce or the 
buzzards to the battle-field to feast on the dead. It 
is the "blood poisoning" of pear trees. If the heat 
of fire will kill the hardy forest trees, it is rational 
to suppose that the heat of the sun at a particular sea- 
son will injure tender pear trees. 

Infancy is the critical period of life in the human 
family, and also in the life of pear trees. If we get 



them safely past the danger incident to this period 
then their prospect for long life and usefulness would 
be greater than for apple trees. It is said there are 
pear trees still growing on the Mississippi river which 
were planted by the Jesuit fathers 200 years ago. 
There are three pear trees in a neighbor's garden 
which, he assures me, are more than seventy years 
old. We have a large pear tree in our door yard 
which was set out by my father, and is more than 
fifty years old, and with an appearance of lasting 
fifty years longer. 

I cannot help thinking that what some pomologists 
call fire blight on pear and apple trees is not blight at 
all. Some of the limbs on vigorous growing forest 
trees die without any apparent cause, except that the 
trees have put out more limbs than they could sup- 
port, and the weakest die from lack of proper nutri- 
tion It is a case of the "survival of the fittest." The 
pine tree when a bush throws out limbs close to the 
ground, and as the tree grows the lower limbs die, 
and are blown off by the wind, until when the tree is 
full grown it presents a smooth trunk straight as a 
ship's mast, without limbs for 50 or 60 feet from the 
ground. There is no doubt that limbs on pear and 
apple trees often die for the same reason without 
being blighted at all. Of course, they should be 
sawed off the same as if they had been blighted by 
the sun or the "germ disease." Some writers say- 
isolated pear trees are seldom blighted. There must 
be a mistake about that. My pear trees were at least 
six rods from each other and blighted. 

William Saunders, late Superintendent of Garden 
and Grounds for the Agricultural Department at 
Washington, in his report for 1892, says: "The fact 
that bacteria has been found in the diseased shoots of 
pear trees does not seem to prove that they are the 
cause of the malady, but that they are simply a conse- 
quence of the disorganization and decay of vegetable 
tissue." He further says : "I have noticed that dur- 
ing the month of May when there was over 30 de- 
grees difference in the temperature within twenty- 
four hours, nine days thereafter twig blight would 
set in." He further says that on May 18, 1888, he 
noted a change of temperature between sunrise and 
1 P. M. of 35 degrees, and blight set in on the 27th. 
In May, 1889, and in May, 1892, he noted similar 
changes of temperature and wrote to friends predict- 
ing that blight would appear in nine days, and it ap- 
peared as he had predicted. 

Mr. Saunders is very high authority, and he did 
not believe in the contagious germ disease, and did 
believe in the sudden and great change of tempera- 
ture as the cause of the injury. J. W. Ingham. 



534 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



Live Stock and Dairy. 



MILK FEVER. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Since the introduction of the more successful treat- 
ment for this disease, much literature has been circu- 
lated on the subject, and although the proportioned 
percentage of mortality under the old treatment has 
been converted into restoration, very little has yet 
been advanced which sheds much light on the true 
character of the disease. 

It is not the writer's intention to advance new 
theories upon it, or yet to invite controversies regard- 
ing its character, but simply to give publicity to the 
results which have been obtained at this Station, to- 
gether with a brief description of the causes, symp- 
toms, treatment and the appliances for the adminis- 
tration of this new treatment. 

The term ''milk fever," for this appears to be the 
one by which the disease is most commonly known, is 
rather misleading — in fact, altogether so — as it would 
indicate a feverish condition in which the udder was 
painful and accompanied by increased temperature, 
both local and general, and although such conditions 
as this are not unfrequent they should in no way be 
associated with the disease under consideration. This 
term has undoubtedly been adopted on account of its 
intimate association with the parturient period, when 
the milk secreting glands are or should be exceedingly 
active. Other terms (quite as misleading as to its 
cbaracter) are in common use in different localities, j 
among tbem being parturient apoplexy, parturient i 
fever, puerperal fever, puerperal apoplexy, paraligia, 
puerperal collapse, calf fever, dropping after calving, 
parturient paresis, the latter being probably the most 
expressive and appropriate term, indicating a condi- 
tion of incomplete paralysis associated with the par- 
turient season, and even here leaves a possibility of 
error, as parturient paralysis, both anti- and post- 
partem, are known conditions, which can only be sep- 
arated from the one under discussion by a careful 
analysis and comparison of the symptoms. 

Milk fever, or more properly parturient paresis, 
attacks cows in the prime of their life (5 to 10 years 
of age), in which lacteal development has been great, 
as in "the improved dairy breeds," and only those 
to any extent which are in high condition at the time 
of parturition. It usually makes its appearance in 
from one to three days after calving, the earlier after 
that act the more rapidly and certainly fatal is it; 
it may, however, he delayed a much longer period, 
hut the longer it is delayed the milder is the attack. 
(The writer recalls one case which occurred in his 
practice on the 20th day.) 

Symptoms. — Parturient paresis usually makes its 
appearance after a comparatively easy and quick de- 



I livery, in from twelve to seventy hours. The first 
symptoms of excitement (when present) frequently 
pass unnoticed, when observed, they are those of 
restlessness, stamping of the feet, throwing the head, 
wild appearance of the eyes, with dilated pupils, bel- 
lowing; the calf, if still present in the stall or lot, 
is frequently made the object of attack. These symp- 
toms rapidly give way to muscular weakness. The 
animal staggers, loses power of standing, falls to the 
ground. Efforts to rise become less and less effec- 
tual, until she becomes overcome with the deadly 
coma which soon follows, from which she never 
rallies, or else recovers as quickly as the attack made 
its appearance, and on the second or third day is ap- 
parently none the worse for her experience. 

A more careful examination of our patient reveals 
the fact that the udder, which a short period before 
the attack was full of milk and active_, is now slack 
and empty, soft and flabby to the feel, and less sensi- 
tive than one in the normal condition during such 
period ; yields little or no milk, the horns and head 
are usually hot at the commencement of the attack, 
but during the period of coma are usually cold ; the 
pulse is always quickened and weak, or may be al- 
most or entirely imperceptible ; breathing becomes 
purely mechanical, the cheeks are usually puffed out 
at each expiration, and the cow assumes that peculiar 
position characteristic of the disease, lying propped 
up on her breast bone, with the head thrown well 
around on her side, and unconscious to her surround- 
ings. 

Among the diseases for which this might be mis- 
taken, and vice versa, might be mentioned anti-par- 
lem and post-partem paralysis; in either case, while 
the cow is unable to rise, there is no loss of conscious- 
ness, no pervious excitement, lacteal secretions re- 
mains active, though reduced, the pulse is less affect- 
ed, and the appetite, although usually impaired, is 
not wholly lost. Mammitis or inflammation of the 
udder occurs about the same period after calving, but 
the conditions are altogether different. In the for- 
mer (parturient paresis) the udder becomes cold and 
flabby and secretions are almost, if not wholly, sus- 
pended, while in mammitis the udder becomes in- 
flamed, hot, painful and swollen, and although it 
does not yield the amount of milk its size would 
indicate, it is on account of the inflammatory action 
existing in the gland, suspending its function. In 
mammitis, too, the cow remains standing, or is able 
to do so, and is disinclined to move, from the painful 
character of her condition. 

Parturient paresis need not be confounded with 
metritis (inflammation of the womb), which usually 
follows difficult delivery, and which is accompanied 
by a swollen, discolored condition of the genital or- 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



535 



gans, with foetid discharges, in which we usually find 
high fever, with suspension of many of the import- 
ant functions, such as rumination, milk secretion, 
with constipation and scanty secretion of urine pain- 
fully passed, all being the result of infection gaining 
access to the genital organs through abrasions made 
in the mucus membranes from difficult parturition. 
Again, it need not be confounded with injuries to the 
lumbar regions, causing muscular weakness and a 
staggering gait, which sometimes follows the partu- 
rient act, and where difficulty of progression is the 
most pronounced symptom. 

Causation. — Among the most. 
fruitful causes of parturient pa- 
resis may be mentioned high lac- 
teal development, coupled with 
general plethora, induced by high 
feeding and want of exercise. A 
damp season, which yields an 
abundance of grass, has in the 
writer's experience been the most 
favorable for its development. 
May, June and October, the most 
anxious months for the dairyman, 
whose cows come in at those sea- 
sons. 

Treatment. — Previous to 1899 
all manner of treatments were sug- 
gested and practiced with varying 
degrees of success, among them 
might be mentioned large doses 
of purgatives, stimulants, blood letting, ice, warmth 
or blisters to head and spine, according to the practi- 
tioner's individual ideas ; some gave sedatives and 
swore by them, but all managed to lose from 60 to 
85 per cent, of the cases treated. The writer's ob- 
servations were, however, able to note this fact, that 
the men who gave the least medicine by the mouth 
were the most successful, indicating clearly that too 
much interference was detrimental rather than bene- 
ficial. About that year a Danish veterinarian, 
Schmidt, turned his attention to the udder as being 
the source of the trouble, and his experiments de- 
veloped the fact that a solution of potassium iodide 
injected into the udder under the most rigid anti- 
septic precautions, gave surprisingly good results, 50 
to 70 per cent, of patients treated by that method 
making good recoveries. Since then what is known 
as the oxygon treatment has come into vogue, and is 
doing even better service than Dr. Schmidt's injec- 
tion, making it possible to save practically all cases 
which can bo reached early in the attack. 

The writer has watched with much interest the de- 
velopment, of this most valuable addition to the veter- 
inarian's equipment, and has made attempts at the 
development of practical appliances for the safe and 
effectual application of the treatment, The object 



of this is to bring these appliances to the knowledge 
of the practical dairyman, and thus to relieve him 
from the everlasting dread of losing the choicest of 
his herd. Ambition to develop his ideal producer was 
held in check by fear of this disease, from which, 
when he had overstepped the threshold of safety he 
saw his best cows life snuffed out in a day. 

It is known that pure air contains one-fifth bv bulk 
of oxygen, and that in this form it is readily 
absorbed and appropriated by the tissues, and that 
the other gases are non-injurious to the tissues of the 
' udder when uncontaminated. Advantage, therefore, 




CHARACTERISTIC POSITION 



of cow suffering from Parturient Paresis, and position in which she should be 

kept while comatose. 

has been taken of this, and a supply of pure air- 
pumped into the udder produces the desired effect 
almost as quickly and certainly as purified oxygen, 
but requires greater care in its introduction than the 
former (oxygen purified) on account of the contami- 
nation it is liable "dangerously so" to contain. While 
there may be no great risk in introducing air, as it 
occurs in an open field or lot in the entire absence of 
dust, and presence of bright sunlight, there can be no 
question of the clanger from the introduction of air 
into the itdder in a dirty or even moderately clean 
stable, where other animals are housed, as such air 
is known to be highly contaminated with bacteria, 
the introduction of which have been proven not only 
injurious but fatal to the patient so operated upon 
by producing; infective inflammation of the glands. 
The writer recalls a most disastrous incident which 
occurred in a prominent Show ring, where con- 
tamination was pumped into the udders of up- 
wards of a score of the best show cows for fraudulent 
purposes, every one of which succumbed to its deadly 
effects. While in itself a disastrous occurrence, this 
proved a valuable object lesson. 

John Spencer, Veterinarian. 
Virginia Experiment Station. 

(To be Continued.) 



536 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



HORSE BREEDING IN VIRGINIA. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

The remarks of David Swift, in your July num- 
ber, bring up a great many questions of vital im- 
portance to the farmers of Virginia, who want to see 
the State grow to the place she should among the 
sisterhood. A life spent among horses, with an ex- 
perience begun in Iowa, of careful training by a 
father who is a horse breaker and breeder of success, 
with a knowledge of the best of studs of the Central 
States, with considerable experience on the White 
Star SS. Line, and a careful study of the conditions 
as they exist in England and Scotland, induces me to 
offer some opinions on Mr. Swift's questions. In the 
first place, the horses of this section cannot be said 
to suffer from inbreeding, except, maybe, in the case 
of some man who has a colt that he has been foolish 
enough to save and breeds his dam, his daughters and 
all his progeny back again to the same horse, as I 
have seen in a few instances. 

The one thing in which the United States breeder 
has made the Avorst mistake, and the reason that we 
are still going back to Lincoln and to Renfrew for 
such numbers of stallions, is, we have not bred to 
any purpose. I am not a fast horse man, still I do 
not want to decry the standard bred or the thorough- 
bred, in any way; I am proud of the work of the 
American fast horse breeder. But I want to say as 
strongly as I know how, common farmers, leave the 
fast horse and the light harness horse severely alone. 
You know nothing about the business, you might 
raise a dozen Lou Dillons and Star Pointers and you 
would never know it, and if some man was there to 
tell you, you could not train or perfect them so that 
they would benefit you. The raising of speed is a 
lime-time business, and the farmer has no business 
to follow it. If any man who is in that business who 
knows, and knows that it is the work he is fitted for, 
should read this, please pass on, this advice is not 
for you. 

There is an unsatisfied demand for draught horses 
in the cities, for horses weighing upwards of 1,600; 
this is fact one. 

Now, these horses can be raised by almost any 
man who will breed for that definite purpose, and 
can 1)0 marketed without training; this is fact two. 

Now, let us see the way it will work. Suppose 
Mr. Swift breeds the best mares obtainable to a 
Shire horse, which is my preference. Under present 
conditions he will have to go and buy, and as they 
are very scarce in this State, after looking for 
a horse, he will come home and try to put in prac- 



tice some of the methods he sees in use in the horse 
breeding States. The common mares will be good 
enough for him to start with. If he feeds well he 
can raise a work horse that will weigh around 1,300 
or 1,400, and it is poor policy to soak himself for a 
big lot of money till he learns how to feed and care 
for his colts. He should save the best mares from this 
first cross, and the next time he goes to buy a horse he 
will buy a better one for less money than he knew 
how to buy the first time. Erom this second cross 
he may market a few good enough for bussers or 
delivery horses, meanwhile he will have some good, 
stocky farm horses. By this time he will see his 
way to buy one or two pure bred mares, and be 
fairly launched on the horse raising world. To start 
out after this fashion takes time and work; on the 
other hand, it is surer, and maybe just as quick as 
buying a lot of expensive breeding stock at first. If 
the farmers would learn what it is that is wanted in 
the cities, also what is wanted for farm use, and the 
way to raise them, it would not be long before they 
would have a money making business, and at the 
same time have teams to work their, land without 
going to the Mississippi Valley to get them. 

I am not sure that the Shire is the best horse for , 
this State. The feather on their legs, though I like 
it, has to have care in our winter mud. Many men 
are turning their attention to mule raising, but they 
should remember that to have a good mule country, 
they must have a big horse country first, for they 
are dependent upon the horse raiser for their mares. 
There is undoubtedly good money in mules, though 
Virginia farmers must learn to feed. I have seen 
mules that would, with proper feeding and care, have 
made 1,100 pound mules, grow up to 900, which 
means a big loss in price. One often hears it said 
that stock does not grow here like it does in the West. 
I am satisfied, and well-informed men tell me the 
same, that there is no country on the foot-stool where 
live stock will generally do better than in Virginia. 
It is in the men who dish out the feed. A whole 
chapter could be written on this subject. 

In conclusion, let me restate the case. If the 
farmers of Virginia will breed with a definite, 
studied purpose, with the care that the trotting horse 
men have exercised, it will not take long to have the 
finest farm teams, and also a greater number to 
market. To learn of the requirements and possi- 
bilities, they need to go to countries like Central A 
Illinois or cities like Chicago or Toronto. 

A stallion of the draft breeds, of common to fair 
quality will be hard to buy for less than $2,000 at 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



537 



the present time, and mares also are very high. There 
are quite a number of Percherons in Northern Vir- 
ginia, but most of them were saddled off on men who 
knew very little of what they were buying, and they 
are of the commonest type. It pays to take a little 
time and start out on a still hunt, if one is going to 
buy. Wm. F. Woods. 

Charles City Co., Va. 



THE HORSE FOR THE FARM. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Seeing an inquiry as to the best breed of horses 
for the farmer to raise in a communication from Mr. 
David Swift, of Louisa county, I will try and give 
some good reasons for recommending the Percherons. 

I use and breed nothing but the pure bred Per- 
cherons. I keep my mares breeding every year, and 
do all the farm work, hauling, etc., and work my 
stallions when they are not making the season. 

I have mares ranging in weight from 1,600 to 
1,900 pounds, and a pair of my largest mares walk 
faster to mower, cultivator and plow than any team 
I ever owned. One of them is sixteen years old, 
and has never been struck with a whip that I know 
of. My others are as good, but not quite as fast at 
the walk. Mares of 1,600 pounds in weight carry a 
plow through stiff soil and heavy soil by their weight 
in the collar. An erroneous idea seems to prevail 
that the big ones cannot stand harrowing as well as 
the lighter horse, as they are said to sink deeper in 
the soil. This is too absurd for argument. The 
big Percheron has a foot in proportion to his size 
and weight, and does not go as deep as the light 
lK>r~e or mule. The man who tries farming with a 
big team will never go back to the lighter class of 
horses nor to mules, that cannot raise a colt every 
year, etc. 

We have in this (Rockingham) county seventeen 
registered Percheron stallions and Clydesdales, and 
r<ne Belgian, and all do big work in the stud every 
spring. Why ? Because our market, Harrisonburg, 
in the best in the State. We have Pennsylvania, 
Maryland, West Virginia and New York buyers visit 
us to buy our surplus horses every third Monday in 
the month. One of the principal reasons why our 
county is the wealthiest in Virginia, taking out the 
cities, is because our farmers raise big, marketable- 
horses. Numbers of out most prosperous farmers 
buy up all the good, big grade draft colts at weaning 
time at from $50 to $60 per head, and raise them for 
market. They can be put to work at two and one- 



half years old and used one and one-half years on 
the farm, and then be sold at four years old at big 
figures. I have sold colts, pure bred, at the follow- 
ing ages and received these figures for them : One 
6 months old stud colt, $450 ; two yearling fillies, 
$800 ; one 2 years old stud colt, $600 ; one two year 
old stud, $700; one 2 year old stud, $950; one 5 
years old, $600 ; one 4 year old, $800 ; one 2 year 
old filly, $200 ; one two year old filly, $200, and a 
number of aged mares at from $275 to $500. Now, 
as to the gray color, I prefer it. Why ? Because 
everything else being equal, the gray gelding will 
bring from $10 to $20 more on the city markets than 
any other color. The reasons given by city users and 
buyers are these, the gray Percheron never fades and 
seldom ever gets flea bitten. They can stand more 
heat, and the color stamps them as Percheron grades, 
and the Percheron carries a better middle on less 
feed, can stand more hard usage, has better feet, and 
a more active disposition than any of the other draft 
breeds. 

I once got the dark color craze, but experience 
taught me better. I still have two blacks, two bays, 
one roan and one brown, and in the last eighteen 
months I have sold four blacks, and before this ap- 
pears in print another black will, I think, be sold and 
shipped. I bought a 2,108 pound colt under three 
years old this spring and paid a big price for him to 
take the place of a 2,200 pound stallion I had been 
using for five years, and although I could have bought 
a black from the same party for about half of what I 
gave for this colt, I preferred the one I got, and 
especially his dark gray coat. 

I think Mr. Swift's preference for the Shire comes 
from a lack of knowledge of the breed or his ac- 
quaintance with one that was an exception to the most 
of them. My advice to him is to take time to in- 
vestigate the matter before making an investment. 
Last winter at the sales of pure bred mares and stal- 
lions in several Western States, notably Illinois, Wis- 
consin, Kansas, the Percherons averaged more than 
twice as much as any other bred, and one lot sold was 
part of Col. Holloway's Shires and Clydes, and he 
has the greatest prize winners of the breed on this side 
of the sea. Ask F. F. Berry & Co., horse dealers; 
Newgrass & Co., dealers, Chicago, 111. ; I. H. Dahl- 
man, horse dealer, New York, and the following 
users of drafters, and see what they say as to best 
draft horse for use, and wear on city streets: Swift 
& Co., Armour & Co., Jacob Koehller, Schwarzchild 
& Sulzberger Co., Montgomery Ward & Co., and 
many of the great breweries of the city of Chicago, 



;38 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



Milwaukee, and, in fact, any city, and see what they 
have to say. Take the country over, and see the 
great increase of users of the Percheron and the great 
decrease of the other draft breeds and the effect has 
not been produced without a cause. 

Mr. Swift is all right in regard to the Southern 
Planter, the ordinary farmer can get the value of 
the cost of one year's subscription from each issue 
of your journal, and may it and its editor "live long 
and prosper," is the wish of all of your subscribers, 
one of which I always expect to be. 

Rockingham Co., Va. John F. Lewis. 



THE FARM HORSE. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

In your July number, page 472, Mr. David Swift, 
of Louisa, asks that some one who has had some ex- 
perience with the larger breeds of horses in this 
State, please tell him which breed of draft horse 
was best adopted to our country, and was the best to 
raise for farm purposes. 

During the last few years I have paid special at- 
tention to this subject, and shall be glad, through 
your well-known journal, to give him my opinion 
of the breed of horses that is best for the farmer to 
raise for farm work. The Percheron is undoubtedly 
the very best draft horse that has ever been imported 
into this county. And when the Percheron stallion 
is bred to good, well-shaped, sound, Virginia mares 
that weigh not less than 1,200 pounds, the result of 
this cross will always give a well-shaped foal, which, 
if properly cared for, will make a horse that can do 
'all kinds of farm work, and also a horse that can trot 
along the road to a wagon, pull a good load, and work 
every day. Again, the young horses of this breeding 
will sell for a good price when they are four years 
old, as the large cities pay from $400 to $500 a pair 
for these young horses, and they are hard to find for 
that money. Keep the young mares, however, and 
sell the geldings, as the mares will do the farm work 
and bring a colt each spring, too. The Shires and 
Clydesdales are both too slow and plethoric for the 
road, and a good farm horse must be a good road 
horse, too, or he will not fill the bill as he should. 

The Percheron will do well anywhere in this State 
if you will only give him a chance. As to the gray 
color, that is to his credit, as it is a sure indication 
of his Arabian blood — the blood which every pure 
bred Percheron possesses to a greater or less degree. 
Some people will tell you that the Percheron has bad 
feet. But I tell you that these bad feet are caused 



by the ignorance of the blacksmith, and are not char- 
acteristic of the breed. You would not undertake to 
walk behind a plow all day with a pair of low quar- 
tered, high heeled shoes on your feet ? Then why 
expect a horse that weighs 1,500 pounds to wear a 
narrow shoe that simply causes the rim to be pressed 
from his hoof by the mere weight of the animal ? 
Horses, as well as people, should, according to their 
size and nature of their work, have their shoes made 
to protect their feet, not ruin them. 

However, the farmer is not going to make a success 
at raising any particular breed of horses until he 
first learns to correct some of the many mistakes 
which most f amers make in this State — viz. : In the 
first place, they expect too much of the stallion ; it 
matters not how good the individual is or what his 
breeding is. Men are too apt to point to a poorly 
shaped, half starved, ungainly looking colt and say 
that he is by such a stallion, giving the sire the credit 
of all the colt's failings, without ever stating that 
the colt was out of the. poorest mare that he ever 
owned, and that the only reason he bred the mare was 
because she was not fit to use, and that the reason the 
colt was not any larger was because it had never had 
enough to eat since its birth. The stallion cannot do m 
more than his part. You must feed the foal and its 
mother, then feed the colt after the same has been 
taken from its mother, and continue to care for and 
protect the colt until he is four years old, and then 
you will have a horse worth owning, and very little 
trouble to sell for a good price. 

Remember that "like begets like," and never breed 
an unsound horse, male oi female, unless you want to 
take chances on producing a colt that will show some 
unsoundness before it is ever developed. Do not use 
animals with spavins, ring bones or any other con- 
stitutional trouble for breeding purposes. And above 
all, never breed to a blind horse, or allow a blind 
mare to be bred, unless you know that the animal lost 
its eyes from a mechanical cause. See that your 
brood mares are not roughly treated. A good driver 
is a man who loves his team, is never willing to see 
them overloaded, or go without a feed at the proper 
time, and does not let them suffer for water. 

J. G. Ferneyiiough, State Veterinarian. 

Blacksburg, Va. 



THE HORSE FOR THE SOUTHERN FARMER. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

The great cause of =o many small horses in Vir- 
ginia is the introduction of cheap Southern and 
Texas stock. Now, if Mr. David Swift will come 



1904.1 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



539 



to Southwest Virginia and get one of our Norman 
(Percheron) stallions to cross on his small mares, he 
will find it to produce just the farm animal he needs. 
There is an imported Norman in this county that 
can be bought cheap, as he has been here six years, 
and to avoid inbreedino- bis owners will sell. This 
horse was bought by a company of farmers, ten in 
number, from a New York importer for $1,250. He 
is a coal black and weighs 1,800 pounds, and can be 
bought for less than $400. He changed owners two 
years ago and sold for $400. Stop trying small 
mares, stop inbreeding, and breed to none but the 
best of the kind wanted. $15 insurance is cheaper 
than $5. W, H. Tinsley. 

Roanoke Co., Va. 



can buy in a year or so all he wants for about $100 
per pair at five months old, but I would say to Mr. 
Swift that I know from actual experience there is 
more clean profit in raising good mules than any- 
thing along these lines, and though he may say I have 
written this to make the remark I am about to, I will 
state I have two Jacks, and need but one, and will 
let any one take their choice. W. S. Mott. 

Gloucester Co., Va. 



THE HORSE FOR THE VIRGINIA FARMER. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I also am a subscriber to and admirer of the grand 
old Planter, as well as Mr. Swift, whose article I 
note in July issue on the farm horse. This has been 
a question that disturbed this locality for some time, 
and does still to a certain extent, and his article, with] 
the request of the editor, for some one to answer, has 
moved me to give my small experience along these 
lines. Eifteen years ago I became disgusted with the 
quality and weight of the farm horses locally, and 
bought an imported Percheron stallion, at a cost of 
$1,200, a direct descendant of M. W. Dunham's 
great Brilliant, black, and weighing about 1,600 
pounds, a horse of fine action and carriage, and 
crossed him on the best bred and formed mares I 
could get of good size, and got horses that were "A 
one," weighing 1,300 or 1,400. I stood him in this 
( Gloucester) and one other county, and made money, 
though at first the public said it was too extreme a 
cross, but the proof of the pudding is in the eating, 
and now that I have sold him, and gone to breeding 
rnule^ frr-m the large half bred mares, those who did 
brr-ed ask me all the time why I do not get another 
one, though some are following my example and 
breeding to my Jacks, because they see there is more 
clean money in a good three or four year old mule 
(or at any age) than even a good three or four year 
old grade Percheron. I vastly prefer the Percheron 
to the Shire, especially in this climate, and I know 
this breed will take better with the public as a stud 
horse. 

One of my neighbors leaves to-morrow to purchase 
another horse of this same breed, and while at this 
time there are no young fillies for sale, Mr. Swift 



THE FARMER'S HORSE. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

An inquirer in your July number asks what kind 
of horse is the best for a farmer to raise, stating his 
mares weigh eight hundred and fifty pounds. If he 
is not able to buy both larger mares and a horse of 
rhe same type, let him buy a pure bred Percheron 
stallion and breed his small mares to him, and he will 
find a great improvement in size and farm useful- 
ness. Keep his mare colts and continue breeding to 
the large horse, increasing the size each cross. Once 
he begins using large horses he will have no other, 
and should he be fortunate enough to raise one he 
thinks too large he will have no difficulty in dispos- 
ing of it at a remunerative price. No country is better 
adapted to raising horses than his. Color has but 
little to do with the selling qualities of a first class 
heavy horse, and these are the only horses that can 
be bred with any certainty of getting what you breed 
for. Some farmers in the West prefer some of the 
other draft breeds, but the Percheron, as a draft 
horse, stands higher in America than anv other. 
They are kind, gentle and easily broken to work any- 
where, and consume as little feed as any horse doing 
the same amount and kind of work. If, as he says, 
he wants to buy some mares, he will find the best 
ones in the hands of farmers, who believe in keeping 
that kind, and to be induced to dispose of them a 
fancy price must be offered. If he is at all doubtful 
as to the utility of heavy horses on the farm, let him 
buy a pair and plow them along with a pair of small 
ones, and he will need no further argument. By all 
means let him keep away from grade stallions. 
Cheap grade stallions have cost our country untold 
wealth, and all such should be prohibited by statute. 
The Valley of Virginia and the Southwest know the 
worth of these horses, and will have nothing but the 
best. Roanoke Co. 

Roanoke Co., Va. 



In writing to advertisers, mention Planter. 



540 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



The Poultry Yard. 



THE BEST KIND OF GRAIN FOOD. 

We are often asked the advisability of feeding- 
poor, cheap wheat, shrivelled oats, or grains that have 
passed through a fire and become almost vegetable 
charcoal. None of these grains will prove valuable 
foods for the fowls. While they do contain more or 
loss of food value, it will be necessary for the fowls 
to eat very much more of the shrivelled, imperfect 
grains or screenings to gain the proper proportion of 
foods to sustain body, life and egg production. The 
feeding of the charred or partly burned grain pro- 
vides an excess of vegetable charcoal for the fowl. 
A very large per cent, of the burned portion of the 
grains is little better than ashes from the stove. Such 
grains contain no substance, and add no benefit or 
improvement to the fowls' condition. A reasonable 
amount of good, clean charcoal is good for the fowls. 
It helps to sweeten the crop and gizzard and influ- 
ences the condition of the fowl very much as a soda 
tablet will benefit the dyspeptic after a meal. 

If you are feeding a whole lot of chickens that you 
do not care either to gain a profitable egg supply 
from or to feed up and prepare for market poultry, 
it may be practicable to feed them almost anything 
that they will eat, but when you are keeping your 
poultry for the purpose of having plenty of eggs and 
eggs of high quality, and fine-flavored fowls in the 
best of health and condition, then feed your poultry 
the very best quality of grain it is possible for you to 
obtain. One poultryman of our acquaintance pays 
fifteen cents a bushel over and above regular market 
price for the general run of wheat, to be supplied 
with the choicest and plumpest of grains. 

The oatmeal factories will not purchase light 
weight oats. This is why hulled oats are usually of 
the very best quality. At times it will happen that 
in hulling the oats in the mill where oatmeal is made 
that some that is rather light for making oatmeal will 
be hulled. This, of course, is always sold with the 
hulled oats that is sent out for noultry or other stock 
in eat, at the same time even this is far above the 
average of the oats that is usually bought to feed to 
poultry. When asked what kind of grain is the 
most profitable to feed to poultry, we say absolutely 
al all times (he soundest and most perfect that you 
can obtain, providing your purpose is to have a 
profitable egg yield during the winter. If you are 
not particular as to this, less attention may be given 
the selection. It is the habit of many to put corn 
into the oven and heat or brown it a little for the 
poultry during the cold or winter months. This can- 
'io1 in any way injure either the corn or the poultrv, 
hut doubt very much the statement or claim of some 



that corn so prepared is responsible for an increased 
egg yield. 

Protein of the proper kind and quality and in the 
proper amounts has far more influence over the egg 
yield than has all the charcoal or parched corn in the 
world. Poultry will always obtain plenty of fat- 
forming foods to provide the fatty part of the egg. 
Lime is usually supplied plentifully enough to fur- 
nish the egg shell, but albumen or white of the egg 
is the finest of all albumen and its making calls for 
the very best quality of protein. 

Meat furnishes the best of these. Raw, lean meat 
Ave presume would be by far the very best, but this is 
entirely too expensive to furnish a full supply to the 
hens, so it is necessary to feed them grains of the 
better qualities strong in protein. Oats and wheat 
furnish this to a large extent, and this is why oats, 
wheat and a little cracked corn with some green bone 
are said to furnish a perfect ration for the egg pro- 
ducing hen. 

In the feeding of hens you must consider at all 
times the liability or possibility of what the hen may 
eat or drink tainting the value of the eggs. Filth or 
dirt of any kind, onions, too much cabbage, and tur- 
nips are just as liable — in fact, just as certain — to 
taint the eggs as they will taint the milk of a cow 
that is fed on them.— The Feather. 



COW PEAS FOR POULTRY. 

Cow peas for food for poultry were harvested after 
maturity, stored in dry lofts and thrown to the fowls 
in scratching pens, where they were scratched over 
and searched for during the day. 

After a few days the egg supply very visibly in- 
creased, and within a few weeks almost doubled that 
from an equal number of hens kept in separate quar- 
ters and fed on other grains. 

The hens seemed to like the small branches and 
leaves, and Avould eat every particle except the hard, 
stiff stems. The general health of the flock was ex- 
cellent, and not a single hen showed the least symp- 
tom of ailment during the winter season. — Southern 
A (jriculturist. 



It is not always convenient to procure a supply of 
cane sorghum seed, but in some localities it is as 
common as corn. It makes a good poultry food, 
stimulating egg production and adds variety to the 
daily ration. — Commercial Poultry. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



541 



The Horse. 



NOTES. 



The black stallion, Burlington has recently been 
purchased by J. E. Lane, of Esmont, Va., and placed 
in the stud at Woodmonde and Hattondale Farms. 
Referring to this handsome and exquisitely finished 
thoroughbred son of Powhatan, "The Thoroughbred 
Eecord," of Lexington, Ky., a widely recognized 
authority, says: "J. E. Lane, of Esmont, Va., has 
obtained for use in the stud the great race horse and 
sire, Burlington, 'the gentleman in black,' as he was 
known while on the turf. Burlington was a capital 
race horse, winning among other races the Criterion 
stakes and Pelham Handicap as a two-year-old. At 
three he won the Brooklyn Derby, Belmont, Trial 
and Tidal Stakes from the best of his day. Burling- 
ton is by Powhatan (son of imp. Leamington and 
Maiden by Lexington) out of imp. Invercauld by St. 
Albans, she out of Eleanor by Voltigeur, she out of 
Themis by Touchstone, she out of Rectitude by Lot- 
tery, etc. This is the No. 9 family of the Bruce 
Lowe figure system, from which come Mercury, Ben- 
digo and Peter, a great racing and producing family. 
Mr. Lane has a number of grandly bred mares and in 
looking for a suitable stallion to mate with this band 
of matrons he purchased of Catesby Woodford, Para, 
Ky., the handsome son of Powhatan and Invercauld. 
McCleary, Practice, Aileen Wilson, Yours Truly, 
Quincy and Miss Hume, other good winners are by 
Burlington, and with the excellent opportunities that 
Mr. Lane will give him, taking into consideration his 
great record as a high-class race horse ^nd excellent 
breeding, he should receive liberal patronage from 
breeders." 

t5* t5* *i5* 

At the sale of horses in training by the Fasig- 
Tipton Company, New York, held there recently, 
C. F. Dyer disposed of three head of Virginia bred 
two year olds in Red Reynard, bay colt, by imp. 
Fatherless, dam Miss Rhoddie, by Milner, Renault, 
bay colt, by imp. Charaxus, dam Merry Maid, by 
Eolus, and Axis, chestnut colt, by imp. Charaxus, 
dam Ethie, by Eolus. Rey Reynard went to H. C. 
Schultz for $1,000, Renault to W. C. Michael for 
$1 50, and Axis to Alex. Shields for $100. 

to* to* to* 

Dr. James Kerr, of the Antrim stud, Warrenton, 
Va., has lost by death, due to accidental causes, the 
bay mare Aunt Bella, by imp. Ardington, dam Aunt 
Sally, by Salvator. This mare was cut down in a 
steeplechase at Fredericksburg last month. She was 
not large, but well formed and handsome, and valued 
on account of rich breeding and speed. 



Ellerslie bred horses were in evidence at the recent 
meeting at Fort Erie, Ontario, where Minotaur, 4, by 
Eon, dam Mermaid, Eonic's dam, by imp. St. Blaise; 
Mistiss, 2, by imp. Fatherless, dam Eostee, by Eolus ; 
Chainblee, 4, by imp. Charaxus, dam Cantey, by 
Eolus, and others from that noted Virginia breeding 
establishment earned winning brackets. 

to* (5* to^ 

Among the mares sent from a distance and bred to 
Kelly, 2 :27, during the present season may be men- 
tioned Juno Wilkes, 2 :27, a large, handsome chest- 
nut, daughter of Victor Wilkes and Nelly Lambert, 
dam of Madge Wilkes, 2 :29 f , by Daniel Lambert. 
She is owned by Capt. W. G. Sills, of the United 
States Army, whose regiment is now stationed in 
Texas. Along with Ju no Wilkes came her foal of 
1904, a well grown, handsome chestnut colt, by Suf- 
fix, son of Superior, 2 :17^. 

to* ^* to* 

Manager Joel Cochran, of the Albemarle Horse 
Show Association, Charlottesville, Va., is sending 
out quite a handsome catalogue of the prizes to be 
distributed there during the annual exhibition of this 
well-known and popular organization, to be held on 
August 3d and 4th. Charlottesville is the central 
point of an important breeding and grazing district, 
one which furnishes horses able to go out and win 
important events on the big race tracks. Charlottes- 
ville is quite an important railroad centre, too, hence 
being easv of access the annual Horse Show is an 
event looked forward to for months ahead in that sec- 
tion, and since its inception has always been accorded 
generous patronage. The prizes have been enlarged 
this season, and other important classes added to the 
programme this season, which renders it even more 
attractive than formerly. Secretary F. B. Treiher 
and Treasurer A. V. Conway are earnest co-workers 
of Manager Cochran, while other officers of the asso- 
ciation include such men as E. O. Meyer, president; 
H. E. McGruder, first vice-president; George B. 
Goodyear, second vice-president, and C. Ruffin Ran- 
dolph, third vice-president. 

j/t J* J* 

W. C. Dyer, Roanoke, Va., is working for speed 
the pacers, Little Belle, 2 :13|, and Sport, 2 :22^ and 
a half dozen or more green trotters. Dyer's horses 
are quartered at the half mile track of the Roanoke 
Fair Association, and all of them are doing well. 
Among the trotters in his charge are Capt. Cook, 
gray gelding, 4, by Jack Cook ; Lady Dudley, by 
Norfolk, dam Filigree, by Mambrino Dudley, and a 
couple of promising fillies, both four year olds, by 
Red Leo, 2 :26^. Broad Rock. 



542 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August. 



Miscellaneous. 



THE NEW DIRECTOR OF THE VIRGINIA EXPERI- 
MENT STATION. 

We have pleasure in presenting a likeness of the 
gentleman who has just been appointed Director of 
the Virginia Experiment Station and Dean of the 
Agricultural Department of the Virginia Polytech- 
nic Institute at Blacksburg. We hail this appoint- 
ment of Prof. Soule as the beginning of a new era in 
the agricultural advancement of the State. He is a 
young man of untiring energy and perseverance, 
wholly devoted to his profession, who has by his 
abilitv and marked individuality made for himself a 




PROF. A. M. SOULE. 



noted position amongst the teachers of scientific 
agriculture throughout the country. The son of a 
Canadian farmer, and brought up on the farm, he 
knows practically the difficulties and wants of the 
farmer, and he has shown by the work he has done 
al the Tennessee Experiment Station and Agricul- 
tural College, and by his articles in the leading agri- 
cultural journals of the country that he is ready, able 
and willing to help in the solution of the every-day 
problems of the farm. We count Virginia very for- 
tunate in having secured his services. In this issue 
will he found an article from Prof. R. H. Price ; 
giving further details of Prof. Soule's work in the 
past. Prof. Price and he were co-workers for some 
years at the Texas Experiment Station. 



In writing to advertisers, mention Planter. 



A STATE FARMER'S ORGANIZATION NEEDED. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

In several Southern States there are successful 
farmer's organizations. Various sub-organizations, 
such as stockmen, dairymen, nurserymen, horticul- 
turists, etc., come together for a two or three days'' 
meeting. Each division or section meets a few times 
by itself to discuss matters purely personal, but all 
sections come together in a body to discuss matters in 
which all are interested. ]STow, why cannot Virginia 
have such an organization? In all such successful 
organizations the politician is kept in the back- 
ground. Leading scientists and experts are invited 
to address the meetings, but no politician. We need 
such an organization to get appropriations and laws 
passed favorable to agriculture. We need such an 
influence upon our young men now engaging in agri- 
cultural pursuits. There are still men left in the 
State who do not think it exactly honorable to work 
on the farm. The only true gentleman, in their 
opinion, is the one with "lily white hands," a man of 
leisure. We want all such men to "rub up against' r 
a strong farmer's organization. 

There is a good horticultural organization in the 
State, and its influence for good has been great- 
Large organizations have much influence on the rail- 
roads in securing favorable freight rates. When the- 
requests of our agricultural boards are backed by a 
strong State organization they will have much weight 
before the Legislature. Other interests organize, 
why not have an organization of farmer's interests. 
Why should he remain solitary and alone with all the 
parasites trying to feed upon him. The farmer's oc- 
cupation is honorable and most noble. But for sym- 
pathy and co-operation he must look to his brother- 
farmers, and not to those whose interests are entirely 
different. "In union there is strength." Let us 
organize. We can do it if we will. 

Montgomery Co., Va. R. H. Price. 



PLANT FOR NAME. 

Enclosed find a weed which is a very obnoxious 
one. Please give name of it in next number of the 
Planter. Subscriber. 

Giles Co., Va. 

As we were unable to identify the plant we sent it 
to the Department of Agriculture, Washington. The 
Botanist, Prof. Dewey, writes us that it is yellow 
hawk weed (Hieracium praealtum). He says that 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



543 



this is the first record he has of it South of the north- 
ern boundary of Pennsylvania. In the section from 
northeastern New York to Maine it is known as the 
""King Devil Weed," and is regarded as the worst 
weed in that region. It is propogated not only by 
its seeds, but by underground root stalks and by 
Tunners above ground. It has been found that the 
weed may be killed by the application of salt at the 
rate of about 300 pounds to the acre. In Vermont, 
where this remedy was tried, the salt improved the 
growth of Kentucky Blue Grass. — Ed. 



GRASS SEEDING FOR HAY. 

I have eleven acres of gravelly upland I want to 
sow in grass alone this fall to make hay next sum- 
mer. Which would be the best grass to sow ? How 
much per acre ? What time is best to sow ? What 
kind of fertilizer should I use, and how much per 
acre ? Would you recommend sowing any nitrate of 
soda on grass in the fall '( W. M. H. 

Rockingham Co., Va. 

In our article on "Work for the Month" in this 
issue will be found advice as to seeding grass, which 
will answer most of the above queries. On page 479 
of the July issue will be found Mr. Clark's formula 
for the fertilizer which he uses to secure his great 
crops. We approve the same for use here in the 
South, except that we would not apply the nitrate of 
soda in the fall when seeding the crop, but would use 
the same as a top dressing in spring after the crop 
has commenced to grow.— Ed. 



A NEW DIRECTOR ELECTED FOR THE VIRGINIA 
EXPERIMENT STATION. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Prof. Andrew MacNarwin Soule, of Tennessee Ex- 
periment Station, has recently been elected Director 
of the Virginia Experiment Station and Dean of the 
Agricultural Department. I consider the Board 
very fortunate in securing his services. Working 
with him at the Texas Experiment Station for three 
years, I found him to be an able and hard-working 
officer. His work at the Tennessee Experiment Sta- 
tion has taken high rank. He has built up the agri- 
cultural work there immensely. He also is an able 
teacher. His influence with young men is excellent. 
I expect to see much larger numbers of young men 
take the agricultural course under bi« ^^uagement. 
He is a strong young man, both mentally and phy- 
-ically. A native of Canada, he was educated at 
Guelph Agricultural College. He worked a few 



years at the Missouri Experiment Station, and his 
later work in Texas and Tennessee at the Experiment 
Stations, make him very familiar with our Southern 
wavs and customs. I consider him one of us. He 
married a Southern lady. I think it will not be long 
before the State will feel his strong influence along 
agricultural lines. He is a man who spends money 
in his agricultural experiments, and the Board will 
have their eyes opened when some of his requests go 
in for agricultural equipment and experimental work. 
Instead of spending something like $12,000 for sala- 
ries out of the Federal appropriation of $15,000 for 
station work, the Agricultural Department alone will 
need more than the three thousand dollars left. I 
want to see more of this Station money devoted to 
true Station work. The farmers of the State have 
a very strong representative along these lines in Prof. 
Soule. While the Board is to be congratulated upon 
its wise selection, it appears also that the Board has 
given him latitude for excellent work. Under his 
management I expect the Station to be taken off the 
"side track" and be placed on the "main line," for 
which it was intended. Now, if the Board could get 
a man to do creditable work in the position Prof. 
Alwood has recently resigned, and to work with Prof. 
Soule, on mycological lines, and with the completion 
of the new agricultural building, the Virginia Ex- 
periment Station would be making rapid progress. 
Many changes are taking place both in the College 
and Station, and we hope all will be for the better. 
As a farmer, I desire to give credit where I think 
it is due, and to offer suggestions for improvement 
where I think thev are needed. When the State Ex- 
periment Station starts off well, we want to turn our 
attention to the State Department of Agriculture. 
Montgomery Co., Va. R. H. Price. 



DISINFECTANTS AND LICE KILLERS. 

The July issue of the Southern Planter con- 
tains some suggestions upon the subject of gapes in 
chickens, in which carbolic acid is recommended as a 
remedy. 

There is something about the use of carbolic acid 
that reminds one of the glorious Fourth, just past. 
Last year, the year before, and the year before that 
many people lost their lives from explosions, acci- 
dental discharges, and the ensuing complications. 
Every person who handles fireworks knows full well 
that he is running a risk. Neverthelessless when 
July 4, 1904, came it found plenty of enthusiastic 
people ready to assume this risk and eager to par- 



544 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



ticipate in the celebration with toy cannons, giant 
crackers, bombs and torpedoes. Some of those very 
people who said to themselves on July 3d that there 
is really no danger, if one is careful, are now crip : 
pled or dead from wounds inflicted by fireworks. 

So it is with the farmer or poultryman who per- 
sists in using poisonous and caustic drugs in the 
drinking Avater and food of his animals. He has 
never had an accident, and therefore assumes that he 
never will have one. Sooner or later, however, there 
comes a time when a mistake is made and disastrous 
results follow. A child gets hold of the bottle that 
has been carelessly left within his reach, the contents 
are mistaken for something else, or an overdose is 
given, and a heavy penalty is the result. 

There might be a ghost of an excuse for this per- 
nicious habit of using deadly poisons if there were no 
substitute for these dangerous drugs, which has not 
their poisonous qualities. Carbolic acid, bichloride 
of mercury, chloride of zinc and preparations of a 
similar nature are disinfectants, but they are also 
deadly poisons. It is difficult to understand why 
people will persist in handling such drugs when there 
are efficient disinfectants which are relatively non- 
poisonous to the higher animals. 

Kerosene and kerosene emulsion are also much 
used about poultry houses and stock barns. Every 
person who uses them will admit that they are ex- 
ceedingly disagreeable to handle, and that there is 
always an element of danger connected with their 
use. There is also another objection to the last two 
products mentioned. It should be remembered that 
in the care of all live stock there are two classes of 
parasitic organisms to be combatted. First, there 
are the insect pests, consisting of lice, ticks, fleas, 
mites, etc. Any preparation which destroys these 
pests is termed an insecticide. The other class of 
pests which must be destroyed in order that live stock 
may be in the best and most healthy condition is the 
disease germs. Cholera, roup, distemper, glanders, 
and a multitude of other disorders are brought about 
by the presence of minute germs, quite different from 
insects. The preparation which is used to destroy 
these pests is termer! a germicide or a disinfectant. 
An awkward and antiquated method of combatting 
these two classes of pests would be to spray or 
sprinkle the buildings first with an insecticide, then 
with a disinfectant. An insecticide is not neces- 
sarily a disinfectant, and vise versa*. However, 
there arc solutions and emulsions which possess the 
qualities of both. The coal-tar carbolic preparations 
have been demonstrated to be efficient destroyers of 



insects and disease germs. Therefore, a more proper 
and progressive method of ridding the premises of 
the two classes of pests is by spraying or sprinkling 
with a solution, which is an insecticide and also a 
disinfectant. Notwithstanding the fact that Experi- 
ment Stations have called the attention of -the farmer 
to this fact, there are many who are using kerosene 
emulsion with the mistaken idea that they are de- 
stroying disease germs. Dr. L. L. Lewis, of the 
Oklahoma Experiment Station, says : "Kerosene 
emulsion has no qualities as a disinfectant sufficient 
to warant its use." 

If kerosene emulsion is used it must be followed 
by another spraying with a liquid which will disin- 
fect. It is needless to say that such a repetition of 
work is unnecessary and unwarranted just as much 
as a second planting of a field of grain is unneces- 
sary when one can be made to do the work. 

The difficulty lies in the mania some persons ap- 
pear to have for "home remedies." No doubt there 
are home remedies that are valuable and home treat- 
ments that are warranted. The more farmers can 
know about these the better it will be for them. But 
the difficulty arises when Mary Jones, observing that 



her chickens have a disorder which she calls roup 
(and which, by the way, may not be roup at all), 
forthwith puts some kerosene down their throats or 
some axle grease on their toes and soon afterward 
notices an improvement. Mary then hastens to an- 
nounce through the columns of her favorite agricul- 
tural journal that kerosene or axle grease, as the 
case may be, is an "unfailing remedy" for roup. 
The chances are that the disease was not roup in the 
first place, and that the remedy applied had no effect 
upon it, in the second place. Our friend is drawing 
conclusions from a single case, which is always un- 
safe. Furthermore, she is assuming conditions 
which may or may not have been present. It re- 
quires one familiar with animal diseases to correctly 
diagnose a case. Not that an experienced poultry 
keeper is unable to recognize a case of roup or gapes, 
but those unskilled in such matters often fail to note 
details and conditions that are essential. Thus the 
treatment that proves successful in one case may be 
disastrous in another. Therein lies the danger of 
Mary Jones' positive announcement that kerosene or 
axle grease is a panacea for all ills. 

Let the farmer and poultry keeper bear m mind 
that cleanliness and sanitation are the prime requi- 
sites of health and thrift. Animals that are free 
from insect pests are in a much better position to re- 
sist disease than those whose vitality is being sapped 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



545 



by myriads of lice, ticks or fleas. Give the live 
stock clean, sanitary surroundings and little trouble 
will be experienced from disease. We can scarcely 
prevent the introduction of dangerous disease germs 
into our barns, stables, yards and poultry quarters. 
These germs float in the air ; they may be carried in 
the "water, dirt and dust are often loaded with them ; 
they are almost omnipresent. We may, however, 
keep the live stock quarters in such a condition that 
such germs as find lodgment there will be destroyed 
and thus their disastrous effects obviated. If yards 
and buildings are sprayed frequently with a disin- 
fectant solution, feeding troughs and boxes treated 
likewise, and any animal giving evidences of con- 
tagion promptly isolated, and disinfected, the dan- 
ger will be reduced to a minimum. Here, again, it 
is evident that if the solution which is used to de- 
stroy the disease germs is at the same time destroy- 
ing insect pests an additional insurance against dis- 
ease is provided. A Reader. 



AN EXODUS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

When is this movement of our young men, our 
middle aged men, and our old men, from country to 
city to cease ? Why this unseemly and unreasoning 
haste to leave the fresh, pure air and sunshine of the 
country, which God has made, and bury one's self in 
the great, wicked cities, which man, wicked man, has 
made, and which in 99 cases out of every 100 are 
badly made and badly governed. 

What does it advantage a man, to gain a preca- 
rious foothold and a scanty, meagre living in the 
city, and lose his old home in the country? What 
are thousands upon thousands of people daily losing 
when they move from the farm, in the fresh, pure 
air and sunshine of the country, and take up re- 
stricted, unhealthful quarters in the great big, noisy, 
dusty, dirty city? 

When is this "exodus" from farm to city to cease ? 
To-day there are more than 1,000 families in the 
city of Norfolk, who pine for the farm they left be- 
hind them. More than 1,000 families in one city, 
which ought to be out on the farm, producing some- 
thing instead of being in the great city consuming 
everything. 

Yesterday we spent in the country with a farmer. 
He had fine, registered -jerseys; good pigs, plenty of 
fat, chickens. The rustling corn was on every side. 
There is nothing which whispers of plenty like the 
waving corn blades, rustling in the wind. 

At the table we partook of a sumptuous repast. 
There was chicken, eggs, bam, milk, butter, cream, 



cheese, pickles of all kinds, tomatoes, beets, apples, 
corn, potatoes, corn bread, wheat bread, coffee, etc. 
Take off the wheat bread, coffee, sugar, pepper and 
salt, and the rest of that splendid meal was grown 
right upon the farm, where it was consumed. 

All winter long this man has green vegetables in 
his garden. He never buys any meat, lard, butter, 
milk or eggs. His wife can get up a meal on short 
notice for five, ten or for fifty people at any time of 
the year, and that, too, without running to the corner 
grocery, meat shop, bakery, etc. 

His fruit trees are now loaded with fruit of all 
kinds. The blackberry bushes on the edges of his 
fields are also loaded down with the delicious fruit. 
The vegetable crops are planted in relays, so to speak, 
so that green stuff is coming on all the time for 
market, and for that best of markets, his own table. 

As this particular farm where we visited faced on 
the salt water, fish, oysters, clams and crabs were to 
be had all the year, just for the patching. With the 
waters full of such food, and two or three hundred 
chickens running around, witb fat pigs in the pen, and 
fine Jersey cows chewing the cud, and the genial 
sunshine and refreshing showers making all the crops 
grow and mature rapidly, such a man, so located, is 
better off, even if he has but ten acres in the country, 
than if getting $1,200 to $1,500 a year salary in the 
city. He will use every dollar of his salary to buy 
what he eats and wears — that is to say, he will spend 
what is left after he pays rents, taxes and all the 
penalties which a man has to pay who makes his 
home in tbe city. 

It is not necessary for a man to own a big home 
in the country. Even if he has but ten acres, it will 
make him independent, provided he will handle it 
right. He can have one cow, which will insure him 
butter, cream, milk, Dutch cheese, etc. He can have 
two pigs, which insures his lard, pork, sausage, bacon, 
etc., for the year. He can have 50 or 100 hens, 
which insure him eggs and chicks to sell and to 
eat. He can have a great big garden and an as- 
sortment of fruit trees, and have fruits and vege- 
tables all the year, his OAvn raising. He can have a 
little surplus to sell all the time — a little butter, a 
few eggs, a few chickens, a few vegetabes, a little 
fruit, and these "littles" will bring in cash enough 
to buy that which cannot be raised or grown upon 
the little farm. If close to markets, an acre or two 
in berries or Irish potatoes or in many other similar 
crops will pay remarkably well. People within easy 
reach of this city are now making a living from a 
very small acreage of land. 

Last year an aged darkey made $200 clear of all 



546 



THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE. 



[xAugust, 



expense from about one acre in berries. This year 
si gentleman is making nearly $1,000 per acre, net 
profit, from a little two and one-half acre patch of 
land. As a rule, the smaller the farm the better it 
can be fertilized with brains. There is a first class 
fertilizer factory in the head of every practical 
farmer. He should use his head and his hands, and 
then his heart will be in his work. 

Such men on a 50 acre farm or a 20 acre farm or 
10 acre or even on a 5 acre farm cannot be downed. 
They will alight on their feet every time like a cat. 
When the farmer on a 640 acre farm falls or fails, 
he comes down ker-flop flat on his back. You can- 
not put a ten acre farmer on his back. He is right 
side up every way you take him. He covers his 
farm, and his farm keeps and takes care of him. 

The practical, thorough, active farmer on his farm 
in Eastern Virginia near the sea, is the most inde- 
pendent farmer in the world. Put a great big high 
fence around him and fence him off from the rest of 
the world, keep him in and the rest of the world out, 
and after a ten year period you will find him right 
side up with care. It is true his clothes might be 
worse for wear, and a little out of fashion, but he 
would have good digestion and good health and a 
clear conscience. 

Every. man should lay out his farm and arrange 
Ins work and plant his crops so as to make his farm 
a? near self-supporting as possible. Sell as much 
and buy as little as possible. That is what makes 
nations prosperous, and that will also make pros- 
perity for the individual. The farmers of Eastern 
Virginia can, if they will, make themselves the most 
truly in dependent of any class of people in the 
world. Fish, oysters, clams, crabs, chickens, eggs, 
beef, pork, mutton, lamb, lard, fruits, vegetables of 
all kinds all the year; corn, wheat, oats, hay, pota- 
toes, etc., a little to sell, will buy all there is needed 

to bllV. 

The soil and the climate here favor the growing of 
all the farm crops found in the temperate zone. The 
markets demand everything grown. And it is really 
and truly surprising, and very interesting to see and 
to know how independent a farmer can be here, if he 
will but make a fair effort in that direction. The 
salaried man pays out every dollar of his salary, and 
for what does he pay it ? He pays it all out for that 
which, in the country practically costs him nothing. 
The farmer in the country, who just succeeds in mak- 
ing ends meet, is really and truly much more inde- 
pendent than the man in the city drawing a salary 
even of $2,000 per annum. 



Stick to the country young man, middle aged man, 
old man. Keep your brain clear, head level, stomach 
in order, conscience in good shape, and remember 
that it is to the country that the country must go for 
her statesmen, her warriors, her greatest and best 
professional men of all classes. 

Mark the prediction, within ten years the move- 
ment from city to country will begin. That will be 
a healthy "exodus." That will mean prosperity, not 
only individual, but collective prosperity. Such a 
movement will help all classes and all conditions and 
injure none. Speed the day when it shall become 
popular and fashionable to "exodus" from city to 
country. A. Jeffers. 



MAKING A CONCRETE FLOOR. 

C. W., Mt. Victory, O., asks what it will cost to 
build a cement floor in his cattle barn, 28x58. Crush- 
ed stone is $1 per yard, sand 50 cents, and cement 
$2.50 per barrel. He wishes to know how thick the 
floor should be. 

It will take a yard of crushed stone, a barrel of 
cement and about half a yard of sand, according to 
the fineness of the stone, to make a yard of concrete. 
That will mean 27 cubic feet, which, if laid four 
inches thick, will lay 81 square feet of •■nor. There- 
fore to lay your 1,624 square feet will take 20 bar- 
rels of cement, 20 yards of stone and about 10 loads 
of sand. It will take a little more cement than that., 
for there should be a half inch of richer cement 
mortar laid on before the under layer is quite set. 
You should buy cement for less money than $2.50 
per barrel. Joseph E. Wing. 



INT" JSIVE TRUCKING. 

I am interested in the growing of various truck 
crops, and would be glad if Mr. Jeffers will give more 
in detail the method of growing four crops in one 
year. I would like to know how the spinach was 
planted, how wide between the rows ? Was the let- 
tuce in rows or in beds ? What variety of bean 
planted, and variety of canteloupe ? And last of all, 
where on earth a market was found for the stuff at 
the prices quoted so late in the season ? I grow 
lettuce, but have never been able to get anything like 
such prices so late as May 15th, and the lettuce crop 
could not have been marketed sooner. I have only 
been in the business a few years, and feel a great 
need of information along these lines. 

Pittsylvania Co., Va. W. A. Cheery. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTEK. 



547 



THE 



Southern Planter 

PUBLISHED BY 

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING MPT. 

richmond, va. 

Issued on 1st of each Month. 



J. F. JACKSON, 
Editor and General Manager. 

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD, 
Business Manager. 



TERMS FOR ADVERTISING. 
Rate card furnished on application. 



TERMS FOR SUBSCRIPTION. 

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER is mailed to 
subscribers in the United States and Canada 
at 50c. per annum; all foreign countries and 
the city of Richmond, 75c. 

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any 
agricultural topic. We are always pleased to 
receive practical articles. Criticism of Arti- 
cles, Suggestions How to Improve THE 
PLANTER, Descriptions of New Grains, 
Roots, or Vegetables not generally known. 
Particulars of Experiments tried, or Improved 
Methods of Cultivation are each and all wel- 
come. Contributions sent us must not be 
furnished other papers until after they have 
appeared in our columns. Rejected matter 
will be returned on receipt of postage. 

NO ANONYMOUS communications or en- 
quiries will receive attention. 

REMITTANCES should be made direct to 
this office, either by Registered Letter or 
Money Order, which will be at our risk. 
When made otherwise we cannot be respon- 
sible. 

SUBSCRIBERS failing to receive their pa- 
per promptly and regularly, will confer a 
favor by reporting the fact at once. 

Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, 

RICHMOND, VA, 

Entered at the Post-office, Richmond, 
Va., as second-class matter. 



DETAIL INDEX TO ENQUIRER'S 
COLUMN. 

Plant for Name 525 

The Rye Crop 526 

Skippers in Meat 526 

Skippers in Hams 526 

Ground Lime Stone 526 

Fall Cabbage 526 

Curing Pea "Vine Hay — Harvesting 

Corn — Grass Mixture 526 

Seeding Wheat With Lime 527 

Grass for Name 527 

Clover and Bean Bacteria 527 

Plows 527 

Hairy Vetch 527 

Improving Land for Grass 527 

Diseased Wheat Ears 528 

Preparing Land for Wheat, Oats 

and Pasture 528 

Skippers in Hams 529 

Getting Rid of Fleas and Lice 529 

Alfalfa Land— Thin Shelled Eggs. 529 

Beehives 529 

Parsnip Seed 529 

Orchard Management-Cattle Ticks 

— Clover Seeding 530 

Sick Hogs 530 

Alfalfa— Timothy Chaff 530 



PUBLISHER'S NOTES. 



To Advertisers. 

We wish to impress upon our 
advertisers the necessity of send- 
ing in all advertisements and mat- 
ter pertaining to advertising, by 
the 25th of each month. If it can 
be sent before that date, so much 
the better for both of us. There 
is not a month that passes that we 
do not leave out somebody's ad. be- 
cause of it reaching us too late. 



Trial Subscriptions. 

For 10 cents, coin or stamps, we 
will send the Southern Planter 
for three months as a trial sub- 
scription. As hundreds of our 
readers will be in attendance upon 
all sorts of picnics during this 
month, we would very much appre- 
ciate it, if they will bring this lit- 
tle offer to the notice of their 
friends. In this way, we will be 
enabled to get hold of a lot of non- 
reading farmers. Once we get 
them to reading, we are sure that 
we can help them as well as our- 
selves. 



FARMERS ARE USING THEIR 
BRAINS. 

LESS MANUAL LABOR ON THE FABM TO- 
DAY THAN EVER BEFORE. 

Probably no other calling has made 
greater strides during the past ten 
years than farming. The brainiest 
men are studying the problems of the 
farm, and the work done by some of 
the machinery in present use is a lit- 
tle short of marvelous. All kinds of 
farm labor is now performed better, 
quicker and cheaper by machinery 
than it possibly could be done by hand. 

One of the best known firms engaged 
in the building of agricultural machin- 
ery is the A. B. Farquhar Co., Ltd., of 
York, Pa. Their line comprises En- 
gines, Boilers, Threshers, Saw Mills, 
Drills, Planters, etc., which are famous 
for their efficiency, economy and safety 

The exhibit of the Farquhar Co. in 
the Palace of Agriculture at the St. 
Louis World's Fair will interest every 
farmer, lumberman and miller. Every 
one visiting the Fair should make a 
point of inspecting this splendid line 
of machinery, and will be well repaid 
for the trouble. 

An illustrated catalogue describing 
this machinery will be mailed free to 
all who write The A. B. Farquhar Co., 
Ltd., York, Pa. 



Wood's Seeds. 

Crimson Clover 

Sown at the last working 
of the Corn or Cotton Crop, 

can be plowed under the following 
April or May in time to plant corn 
or other crops the same season. 
Crimson Clover prevents winter 
leaching of the soil, is equal in fer- 
tilizing value to a good application 
of stable manure and will wonder- 
fully increase the yield and qual- 
ity of corn or other crops which 
follow it. It also makes splendid 
winter and spring grazing, fine 
ear!y green feed, or a good hay 
crop. Even if the crop is cut off, 
the action of the roots and stubble 
improve the land to a marked de- 
gree. 

Write for price and special cir- 
cular telling about seeding etc. 

T.W.Wood & Sons, Seedsmen, 



RICHMOND, 



VIRGINIA. 



Wood's Descriptive Fall Catalog, ready 
about August 1st, tells all about Farm 
and Vegetable Seeds for Fall plant- 
ing. Mailed free on request. 



Some Bargains. 

1 CHATHAM FAN complete; screens, eleva- 
tor and bagging attachment. Regular 
price, $36; my price, $16. This is the best 
Fan made and cleans perfectly all kinds 
of grain and seed. 

5 BUCKEYE CORN HARVESTERS, made by 
Foos Mfg. Co. Regular price, $18; my 
price, $6 each. They will save double the 
cost in a week. 

1 COOK'S PORTABLE EVAPOT? *-!"■>'■? 
FURNACE on rockers; galvanized pan, 
stack, etc., complete. Regular price, $22; 
my price, $11. 

1 40-GAL. PORTABLE COOKING KETTLE 
for stock; has iron frame around it, cov- 
ering outside, furnace has grate, door 
and stack, needs no bricking up or set- 
ting. Regular price, $11; my price, $6. 
This is a treasure on any farm. 
All of the above are new and complete, and 
may be returned if purchaser is not pleased 
on seeing them. They must be sold at once. 
GEO. T. KING, Richmond, Va. 



FRAZER 



Axle Grease 



Best In 
the world. 

Its wearing qualities are unsurpassed, ac- 
tually outlasting 3 bxs. any other brand, 
Not affected by heat. 49-Get the Genuine. 
FOR 8ALE BY ALL DEALERS. 



SAN JOSE SCALE 

and other INSECTS killed by 

GOOD'S 

1 Caustic Potash Whale-Oil Soap No. 3 

Endorsed by U. S. Dept. of Agri. and State Experiment 
Stations. This soap is a Fertilizer as well as an Insecti- 
cide. 50-lb. kegs, $2.50; 100-lb. kegs, S4.S0; half barrel, 
2701b., 8Jcperlb: barrel, 4251b., 3»c. Send for Booklet 
J AMES eOOT>, Original Maker, nuuMe, > 
989-41 N. Front Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 



548 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



± 



DEDERJCKS 
BALING PRESSES 

I are made for every baling need, in wood or 6teel, I 
every style and size, from hand power to the larg- 
est power press made. Why you should buy Deder- I 

I lck Presses, and how wecan save you money, is E 

| convincingly told in our catalogue, which illus- [ 
tratcs the latest and greatest variety of baling ma- 
chinery made. Send for a copy to-day. It's free. 

[P.K.bEDERICK'SSOJiS, ST TivnliSt., Albany, S.I. 



The 



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Saves Time, Labor and Money 



HAY 

PRESS 




THE RED RIPPER is the strongest, 
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and better work than most presses cost- 
ing five times as much. 

Write for Free Illustrated Booklet. 
SIKES MFG. CO., Helena.Ga. 



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Presses of every style and for every pur- 
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Our catalogue v;» v «s valuable pointers about Press construc- 
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SECRET 

BENEVOLENT SOCIETY FOR FARMERS 
AND THEIR WIVES. Pays UO weekly sick, 
$20 weekly accident and $2,000 death benefit, 
and $50 old age pension. Organizers wanted, 
good pay. KNIGHTS OF AGRICULTURE. 
Washington, D. C 



"WITH THE ADVERTISERS. 
A new advertiser this month is the 
Cottage Grove Farm. Finely hred 
Berkshires are offered. 

A splendid lot of grade breeding 
ewes and a few good bucks are offered 
by that veteran sheep breeder, Mr. 
John Mathews. 

Mr. T. M. Arrasmith has some excel- 
lent Berkshire blood which he is anx- 
ious to disseminate at very reasonable 
prices. 

Angora goats, bucks, wethers and 
does can be gotten from J. H. Harp- 
ster in any quantity desired at low 
prices. 

The Nut Nursery Company is 
another new advertiser in this issue. 
Parties interested in pecans and other 
similar stock should look up the ad. 
Three splendid thoroughbred mares 
are offered for sale in another col- 
umn by Mr. W. Chamberlain. 

Inquirers for Red Poll Cattle are re- 
ferred to the ad. of Arrowhead Stock 
Farm, in this number. 

A splendid flock of Southdown sheep 
is offered by Col. R. H. Dulany's 
manager. There is probably no better 
blood in the country. 

Soil infected with alfalfa bacteria 
can be had in any quantity of Mr. J. 
B. Watkins at very reasonable prices. 
Mr. C. M. Bergh will sell his Guern- 
sey bull to prevent inbreeding. 

The Highland Stock Farm has an 
ad. in another column. Shorthorn cat- 
tle, Poland China hogs and Scotch Col- 
lie dogs are offered. Special prices 
will obtain for the present. Look up 
the ad. 

Light Brahma fowls can be had of 
Mr. J. H. Fraser. Look up his ad. in 
another column. 

Duntreath Berkshires are described 
in an ad. on another page as "the very 
best." 

Mr. A. L. French, of the Sunny 
Home Angus Farm, has recently made 
a splendid addition to his herd, and is 
giving the public the benefit of it, ac- 
cording to his ad. on another page. 
Dorsets and Herefords, at right 
prices, can be gotten from H. Arm- 
strong. 



PLEASED WITH THE RESULTS OF 
CAUSTIC BALSAM. 
Washington, Va., Jan. 27, 1904. 
The Lawrence-Williams Co., 
Cleveland, O.: 
I have used GOMBAULT'S CAUS- 
TIC BALSAM on four horses, one for 
enlarged ankle; one colt, as absorb- 
ent; on third colt, for hard lump on 
bone from kick, used as liniment and 
blister; and fourth, on a horse for 
sprained ankle and tendon. Have been 
pleased with results and expect to or- 
der more soon. JNO. A. KEYSER. 



"You are accused of running the end 
of your umbrella in this man's eye. 
Are you guilty or not guilty " 

"Not guilty, your honor. The um- 
brella doesn't belong to me." 



Farmers Having Stumps 




to pull or land to clear, will do well to 
investigate 

The Monarch Grubber 
and Stump Puller. 

It i» the best on earth; you make no mistake 
in buying of a man of 5 years experience in 
pulling stumps. We set up the Puller and 
guarantee satisfaction before we want your 
money. 5 sizes. Write for catalogue and prices. 
JOS. W. RITCHIE, State Agent, R. F. D. No. 
39, Grottoes, Va. 



THE IMPROVED 



Write for Prices. 




Chamberlin Mfg. Co., Olean, H. Y„ U. S. A. 
HERCULES STUMP PULLER 




Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day. 
Clears all Btumps in a circle of 150 ft. without 
moving or changing machine, Strongest, most 
rapid working and best made. 

Hercules Mfg. Co., 413 17th St., Centreville, Iowa. 




Monarch iStump Puller 

Will pull stump 7-ft. in 
diameter. Guaranteed to 
stand a strain of 250,000 
lbs. For catalogue and 
discount on first machine 
address 

MONARCH'GRUBBER CO., 
Lone Tree, Iowa. 



Make Your Own Fertilizer/ 

at Small Cost with r 

Wilson's Phosphate Mills: 

From 1 to 40 H. P, Also Bone Cut- 
ters, hand and power, for the poul- 
trymen ; Farm Feed Mills, Ora- 
ham Flour Hand Mills, tirit and 
Shell Mills. Send for catalogue. 
WILSON ItKOS., Sole Mfrs., 
Easton, Pa. 




1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



549 




Wagon Box and Baok 



20th 

CENTURY 

One of the most convenient, useful, and labor-sav- 
ingr articles ever offered to the farmer. Substan- 
tially made and finished from best materials. Mal- 
leable castings and very strong. When closed it is 
available for hauling corn, potatoes, wood, live 
stock, etc. By suspending canvas or muslin from 
top, inside, •will hold 100 bushels of bulk: grain. 

SIDES CAN BE LOWERED INSTANTLY 

And i t becomes a solid rack for hauling hay, straw, 
fodder, sheaf wheat etc., with ample strength and 
capacity for three tons. Very convenient for 
husking corn with side lowered as shown in cut. 
Made 14 feet long and regular widths. Sold direct 
to farmers at manufacturers' prices, freight pre- 
paid. Write for Catalogue and prices. 

MODEL MFC. CO. Box Muncfe,lnd. 



DE LOACH PAT 




Save Power ana Repairs. Make Smooth Lumber. 
Suited to 4 H. P. up— for the farmer or the lum- 
ber man. Also shingle Mills, Lath Mills, Buhr 
Mills, Planers and Hay Presses. Catalog FREE. 



DeLOACH 




TRIPLEX HAY BALER. SELF-FEEDER. LOW IN PRICE 
For Hand, Horse or Belt Power. Leverage 40 to 1. 

Bales quicker, easier end more solid than anv 
o,her- Also Grinding Mills. Water Wheels, Etc. 
120 liberty st. D E L0 A C H M I L L M F G , C . 

new york. Box 600 Atlanta, Ga. st. louts 




and FERTILIZER 

DRILL 



*=■"» The TOKK FORCE FEED DRILL cf,v 
bines liahtnpss with strength. Sloet complete drill 
made- Soccnipi^x gearing to set out of order. Boxes 
are "lose to ground. Fully 

Easily 
regulates 
quantity 
of seed 
or f er- iJ 
tilizer, 
and 
sows 




with 
regu- 
larity. 
Weight, 
Only TOO ] 
Agents Wanted. 
Write for Catalogue. 
THE HENCH&DR0MG0LD CO. 
Mfra., York, Pa. 




SPANGLER MFG. 



other drills. 
Even distribu- 
tion of lumpy, 
damp or dry 
fertilizers. In- 
creases crop 
profits. HiKh 
wheels, broad 
tires, low steel 
frame. Fully 
warranted. 
Write for free 
catalogue. 
CO., 804 Queen Street, York, Pa. 



WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT 

»Dd ma'1 4 Bug?? V»n»»l«. Sl*el Tire on, . »?.!85 
With Rubber Tireo, $16.00. I mfg. wheels % to*ln. 
trevl. Top BagglM, (28.76 i Harness, fg P/J. Write for 
MCdogBe. Lam ho-w to bay vehicle* and parts dlreot. 
W«goi> Cmbr?ll» FBKZ. W . V. BOOB,Clnclnn»tl,0. 




WASHINGTON NOTES. 

A recent publication of the Bureau 
of Animal Industry on "The Farm 
Separator" has been in such demand 
that the Department of Agriculture is 
preparing a farmers' bulletin (201), 
entitled "The Cream Separator on 
Western Plains." The author, Special 
Agent E. H. Webster, writes largely 
from the observations made and facts 
gathered throughout Kansas and Ne- 
braska. Not formerly in the list of 
dairy States, he says, these two have, 
had a history in dairying both unique 
and interesting. The first lessons in 
the industry were paid for by the 
farmers at the rate of about $100 per 
lesson in co-operative stock creamery 
companies, organized by smooth pro- 
moters. The scheme of running a 
creamery without a sufficiency ot con 
tributers of cream or milk was disas- 
trous. The second step was bringing 
into practice the idea of skimming the 
farmers' milk at a station and ship- 
ping the cream to a central point for 
churning. This lesson, Mr. Webster 
says, only cost the farmer about $25. 

The third and successful step was 
the coming of the separator. To-day 
the creamery business of Kansas and 
Nebraska is a cream-gathering system, 
and the farmer has the separator in 
his home, while the creamery has the 
product of it. The author discusses 
the relative cost of hauling milk both 
ways and of hauling cream one way, 
comments on the increase in the but- 
ter fat due to the use of the separa- 
tor, and also urges that while the sepa- 
rator is automatic in its skimming, 
some care and exercise of brains are 
needed in the handling of the cream. 
He also shows that a large share of 
the responsibility for the production of 
good butter rests upon the creamery 
management. There is no fear, he 
says, of the ultimate outcome of the 
farm-separator-creamery system if all 
who are concerned in it make the best 
use of the means they have at hand 
and study to icnow more about the 
business and to make high quality 
both of cream ;.nd butter — the end to 
which all efforts should be bent. 

"Turkey Bulletin" (No. 200) of the 
Department of Agriculture, now on 
the government press, contains the 
following three general rules for se- 
lecting stock: 

First. Always use as breeders tur- 
key hens over one year old. Be sure 
they are strong, healthy and vigorous, 
and of good medium size. In no in- 
stance select the smaller ones. Do 
not strive to have them unnaturally 
large. 

Second. The male may be a yearling 
or older. Do not imagine that the 
large, overgrown mates are the best. 
Strength, health and vigor, with well- 
proportioned, medium size, are the 
main points of excellence. 

Third. Avoid close breeding. New 
blood is of vitcil importance to turkeys. 
Better send a thousand miles for a 
new male than to risk the chances of 




It doesn't require any great wisdom 
or knowledge to get on in the world- 
just plain sense. 

THAT'S why the most prosperous and 
successful farmers in the country, 
for the most part, are using our wheels 
or our wagons. That's why more of our 



E 



.EGTRIG 

Handy Wagons 



are sold every year than of any two other 
makes — just plain sense. 

They are made right. They save 
labor and repair bills. I hey pay for 
themselves and they give satisfac- 
tion. If you don't know about them, you 
ought — they're a mighty good thing to 
have about the farm. 
Wouldn't it be "plain 
sense" for you to investi- 
gate? We'll send you our 
book free— no obligations 
to buy. Write to-day. 
Electric Wheel Co* 
Box 14S. Qmncy, 111. 

We'll sell you either the wheels 




BUGGIES 



SURRIES, 
DAYTONS, 
RUNABOUTS, 



SPINDLE. "WAGONS, CARTS, 

etc. 85 different styles and grades. Finest 
material and workmanship. Get our prices 
and see our vehicles before purchasing. 
SAFETY BUGGY CO., 1309 B. Main street, 
Richmond, Va. 





And the only Patent Roof 

THE -PHILADELPHIA" 

B. W. SCHLICHTBR 

1910 Market St. PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
Also made by the Duplex Manufactur- 
ing Co., South Superior, Wis. 



RIFE HYDRAULIC ENGINE 



Try it 30 Days Free. 

I Constant water supply in your home 
I or buildings any heightabove stream. 
I Water power does it. Keeps going 
nay and night with no attention or 
running expense. Get 
our free catalogue. 

RIFE ENGINE CO., 
126 Liberty St. Now York. 



Mention the Soxjthtcew Planter in 
writing. 



550 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



Built for Business 

Farquhar engines and boilers are built for hard 
knocks and durability on the road asivell as at 
■work. They have every improvement that ex- 
perience has shown to be of value. For general 
jp»\ all-round service 
See our Exhibit In %=7 m B ro, <%■■■■ m ■& 

asrsrtAsar-- In FARQUHAR 

ENGINES 

and 
SAW MILLS 

have no superior. 
Write for 1904 
Catalogue of 
engines, boil- 
ers, sawmills 
and thresh- 
ers. Free. 
A. n. Farqubar 
Co., Ltd 
Tori, 



Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops 

j Clark's Rev. Bush Plow and Harrow 
cuts a track 5 ft. wide, 1 ft. 
deep. Connects the sub- 
I soil water. It Is an ex- 
cellent machine for 
jcovering in sugar cane. 
'Strength guaranteed. 
> Can plow a newly out 
'forest, stump, bush, or 
kog land, leaveB land true, clean for any crop. 

Clark's Doable Action Cutaway 
Harrow moves 15,000 tons o: 
earth In a day. 

^Bend for Circulars. 

Clark's Rev. Sulky Disc Plow 

Made single or double. 





-i<, 



'rafewi ° ne or tw0 furrows five 
,,.(.s5~>to ten inches deep; 14 
^JJ>&\k Vfc ay ') inches wide. For two or 
four horses. Light draft. 
No side draft. No similar 
plow made. When Clark's grass tools are used 
as directed in his grass circular, we, the C. H. Co. , 
guarantee them to kill wild mustard, charlock, 
hard hack, sunflower, milk weed, morning glory, 
Bussian thistle or any other foul plant that 
grows, or money refunded. Now is the time to 
commence work for next year's seeding to grass. 

THE CUTAWAY HARROW CO., 

Hlgganum, Ct., (J. S. A. 



Imperial 
Pulverizer, 
Clod 




ill" The Peterson Mfg. Co. 



Send for 
arc 



Kent, 
Ohio. 



:/i;iiii:itttiiHi:ni ! iiMi:i*K:i:ii 




CLEAN.SAFE. DURABLE AND COMFORTABLE 



WALLACE B.CRUMB; ^^ 1 ^^ .^ 



inbreeding. Secure one in the fall so 
as to be assured of his health and 
vigor prior to the breeding season. 

Regarding the kind of hens to se- 
lect, the following advice is given: 

No matter what variety of turkeys 
may be selected for keeping, they 
should, above all things, be strong, 
vigorous, healthy, and well matured, 
but not akin. Better secure the fe- 
males from one locality and the male 
from another to insure their non-rela- 
tionship, rather than run the risk of 
inbreeding. In all fowls it is well to 
remember that size is influenced large- 
ly by the female, and the color and 
finish by the male. Securing ove± 
large males to pair with small, weakly 
hens is not wise policy. 

A medium-sized male, with good, 
fair-sized females of good constitu- 
tional vigor and mature age will da 
far better than the largest with the 
smallest females. 

Secretary Wilson is a farmer. He 
was a professor in the Iowa Agrlcal 
tural College, but above all, he is a 
practical farmer. Still he proclaims 
the absolute necessity for scientific 
study and work if American farming 
is to push forward and continue to be 
the first industry of the nation. 

"Five thousand students attend agri- 
cultural colleges," he said, "but these 
colleges are feeling their way in the 
dark along untried paths. They are 
fitting and trying, as carpenters built 
barns in old times, and they will at 
last forge out a system, by comparing 
notes, which will meet the require- 
ments of producers and be entirely 
new and suitable to our conditions as 
a people. 

"The most useful and valuable edu- 
cational work in all the world, appeal- 
ing to the educator, is that of the 
farmers of the country. Pioneer work 
along this line is waiting. The or- 
ganization of faculties to do the work; 
apparatus, laboratories, text books, il- 
lustrative material, from primary to 
postgraduate and beyond, where stud- 
ies of specialists must be combined, 
where research must be broadened, 
and where specialties must be grouped 
to reach a desired end and meet the 
pressing demands of producers, all 
these are waiting. This is the great 
field of applied science where the 
grower seeks the help of the scholar, 
of the experimenter and of the ob- 
server." 

With the ris3 of beef prices the 
American hen, both as a meat and egg 
producer, becomes of prime impor- 
tance. Is fowl flesh as nutritious as 
that of beef? Experiments have been 
made at the Paris Academy of Science 
to test the nutritive value of the flesh 
of fowls, as well as that of their eggs. 
Chickens, ducks and geese were found 
as nourishing as beef, if not of even 
greater nutritive valxe. Ten hen's 
eggs represent in food value about a 
pound of beef. 

There ia one way In which the dairy- 
man is justified in putting water in his 



UNION LOCK POULTRY FENCING 









^ylllpi} 










w^lifit 






i|§M 


ffl 
















^fifffM 








— -vjf — 





HAS BEEN FULLY 

TESTED AND F0TOD 

SUPERIOR 10 ALL 

OTHERS. 

Will fit uneven 
ground without 
cutting. Every part 
can be stretched 
perfectly. Made of 
high grade galvanized steel wire. All horizontal 
lines are cables, making it stronger. Has fine mesh 
at the bottom for small chicks. We also make 
extra heavy for gardens, lawns, etc. The largest 
poultry farms are using this fence — over 700 rods 
by Lakewood (N. J.) Farm Co. We pay freight 
and satisfy every one or no sale. Can ship from 
N. Y., Chicago, or San Francisco. Write for 
f ree|catalogof Farm, Lawn and Poultry Fencing. 

CASE BROS., Box 340, Colchester, Conn.* 

TTTTVT T T" 



■TTTTTTTTT T ^TTT 




WIRE 9 FENCE 

Heavy lateral wires, heavy hard steel stays, coll- 
ed spring wire, Sure Grip Lock. In strength, 
appearance and durability, the Hard Steel can- 
not be excelled. Write for catalogue and pricei. 
THE HARD STEEL FENCE CO., Cuyahoga Falls, 0. 

Genuine spiral Spring Wiie 

FENCES AND GATES 

If your dealer does not have our 

goods in stock you can buy direct 

^Z at Manufacturers' Price. Write 

for Catalogue and secure agency. 

INTERNATIONAL FENCE AND F. CO. 
Columbus, Ohio. 




WLAWN FENCE 






Many designs. Cheap i 
wood. 32 page Catalogue 
free. Special Prices to Ceme- 
teries and Churches. Address 
COILED SPRING FENCE 80. 
Box Q Winchester, Ind. 



















I 








53?^ 






i+ 



THE COMBINED BREAKING 

strength of Page Poultry Fence is 25, 000 pounds. 
Page Woven Wire Fence Co., Box 57, Adrian, Mich. 

FARM FENCE 

M- PRICE AND QUALITY 

WILL PLEASE YOU — 
WRITE US NOW. 

HOW WIRE WORKS- Louisville.K*. 



9 STRONGEST 
I MADE. Bulk 

" strong. Chicken. 
tight. Sold to the Farmer at Wholeaate 
PrkM. Callj Wan-anted. Catalog Free. 

COILED SPTUKG FENCE CO., 
Baa /•-* Wlncheater, Indiana, D. B. Ac 





riDET FFWlPF" at Wholesale. A48-inch 



Wlltb. r LVHVK stock fence 89c per rod. 
Send for price list and FKEE catalogue of Wire 
Fence and full line ot Fence Supplies. 
W. H. MASON & CO., Box 80 Leesburg, Ohio. 



Water Problem Solved. 

The Roger Well Drilling Machine 
gets It. The farmers' friend. Es- 
pecially for domestic well making. 
Cheapest by half and the 
most practical of any. 
Best money mak- 
er on the market. 
Catalogue free. 

J.J. K00ER& SONS, 
Mooresburg, Tens. 




1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



551 



THE 

OAKS 

FOR SALE. 

Being advised by my physician to 
seek a drier climate on account of my 
wife's health, I offer "The Oaks" for 
sale; situated 1-2 mile from depot on 
main line of N. & W. R. R., 1-4 mile 
from corporation limits, and contains 
145 1-2 acres; dwelling house has six 
rooms and pantry; situated on an ele- 
vation commanding a fine view of the 
Peaks of Otter (12 miles), town and 
surrounding country; and surrounded 
by a magnificent grove of stately oaks, 
about 10 acres in original growth of 
large oaks. Land is gently rolling, 
most of it in grass; three elegant never 
failing springs, one very bold; plenty 
of fruit for home use; there is also a 
2-room tenant house and large barn 
and corn crib. There are about 45 
acres well set in Clover, Timothy, Al- 
sike and Alfalfa, (about 4 acres in Al- 
falfa); half of it two years old; cut 
it five times last year and it now, 10th 
of May, stands 12 inches, after being 
frozen down 1st of April. This is 
strictly Alfalfa land and there are 25 
acres that will be ready to seed to Al- 
falfa this summer; 40 acres seeded to 
Alfalfa will be worth- more than I 
ask for the whole farm, as hay is now 
selling here for $18.00 per ton and has 
not been less than $14.00 for two years. 
There are 7 acres in wheat; 16 in rye; 
11-2 in oats; 34 in corn, and 4 in peas 
and sorghum. Will sell the place as 
a whole or in two tracts. Would say 
to any purchaser that if he comes and 
looks at the place and finds it not as 
represented I will pay his railroad 
fare. 

B. B. Buchanan, 

Bedford City, Va. 



milk, that is by giving the cow all 
she can drink of clean, pure water. 
Cows are naturally heavy drinkers and 
in many cases they get insufficient 
good water, both in winter and sum- 
mer, in the winter they have to drink 
through a hole in the ice and consume 
less than they need, while in summer 
they may have access only to a nearly 
stagnant pool. A good water system 
both for man and beast is a highly de- 
sirable thing on the farm. 

The dust bath may be considered al- 
most a specific against lice. The hens 
will throw the dust up through their 
feathers, effectively smothering these 
vermin, which, having no lungs, must 
breathe through apertures in their 
sides. 

With a little look ahead there is no 
need of buying fence posts. Few and 
far between are the farms upon which 
cannot be found places for tree-grow- 
ing for posts which will not interfere 
with the farm crops. The Bureau of 
Forestry highly recommends the ca- 
talpa tree as a quick-growing fence- 
post species. Locust makes another ex- 
cellent post and is quick-growing. Care 
should be taken, however, in locating 
the locust wood-lot, since the roots 
sucker freely and become almost im- 
possible of eradication. 

Raise more fruit. 

GUY E. MITCHELL. 



A GOOD SHOCK BINDER. 
The Fontaine Shock Binder Com- 
pany, of Christie, Va., have been ad- 
vertising their patent binder in the 
last few issues of the Southern 
Planter. From the description and 
endorsements we had seen of it, we 
had already been favorably impressed 
with its value and usefulness. The 
Company very kindly sent us a sam- 
ple, and upon examination, we are free 
to say that our good opinion was in- 
stantly confirmed. Farmers having 
corn to shock will make no mistake 
in investing $1.50 for this little device. 



DeLOACH PROSECUTES INFRING- 
ERS. 
The DeLoach Mill Mfg. Co., of At- 
lanta, Ga., writes us that it has insti- 
tuted proceedings against all infring- 
ers on its Variable Friction Feed for 
Saw Mills. Mr. A. A. DeLoaeh, of the 
above firm, is the original patentee 
and he very naturally resents other 
people appropriating his brains for 
their own use. The DeLoach Com- 
pany has long been a patron of our ad- 
vertising columns, and scores of our 
readers are familiar with its saw mills 
and other machinery. 



A FAMOUS SHEEP DIP RECORD. 
A careful record was made at the 
Royal Show of England last year when 
it was discovered that over 95 per 
cent, of all the sheep exhibited had 
been dipped in the well-known Coopei 
Dip. After sixty years' use this is 
truly a fact the manufacturers should 
be proud of. 



Northern 

Virginia 

Farms 



Of every class, adapted to Grain, Fruit, 
Dairy and Blue Grass, within five to 
thirty miles of Washington, D. C. 

No. 5. — 163 acres; half timber, bal- 
ance cleared; 1J miles from station. 
Good 7 room house; large barn; good 
water. Price, $2,000. 

No. 16. — 130 acres; 20 in timber, 
balance cleared. Good land. In good 
condition. Comfortable 4 room house. 
Fine water. Five miles from station. 
Fronts on Pike. Price, $20 per acre. 

No. 22. — 225 acres. Two and one- 
half miles from station. Forty acres 
timber, balance cleared. Fine land. 
In good condition. Good 7 room 
house. Large barn, etc. Price, $20 
per acre. 

No. 23. — 50 acres truck and fruit 
farm. Price, $2,650. 

No. 25. — 175 acres. Grain and Blue 
Grass farm in Rockbridge county, 11 
miles from Buena Vista. Fine condi- 
tion. Nice home. Price, $5,300. 

No. 28. — 516 acres. Graifl and Blue 
Grass Farm, 1J miles from Buena 
Vista. First class condition. Hand- 
some home; all modern equipments. 
Price, $16,000. 

No. 34. — 50 acres. Truck and fruit 
farm, 12 miles from aWshington, near 
railroad station. Excellent condition. 
All improved selected fruit. Price, 
$5,000. 

No. 30. — 50 acre farm in Loudoun 
county, 3 J miles from rail. Price, 
$1,600. 

No. 33. — 400 acre farm in Loudoun 
county. Good grain and grazing land. 
Price, $7,500. 

No. 35. — 400 acre farm in Loudoun 
county. Excellent grain and grass 
land. Modern improved buildings. 
Price, $8;000. . 

No. 36. — 275 acre farm in Fairfax 
Fine quality of grain and grass land. 
Good buildings. Refined and edu- 
cated citizens. Price, $7,000. 

See April and May issue of South- 
ern Planter for description of the 
above farms, and write for my farm 
list and full information. 



W. E. MILLER, 

HERNDON, VA. 



552 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER 



[August, 



AND THE PLACE TO 
FIND THEM. . . 



No place in the United States can a 
man do so well at farming, for th e money 
invested, as in Virginia. Lands are 
cheap; climate good, and the best of 
markets close at hand. It is the State 
of all others, for a comfortable all the 
year round home. The James River 
Valley Colonization and Improvement 
Company offer superior advantages to 
land purchasers. For free 36 page land 
pamphlet, address 

W. A. PARSONS, Vinita, Va. 

C &0 Main St. Depot. Richmond, Va. 





The best grazing section of Virginia, Blue 
grass Indigenous. If you are Interested In 
fruit growing or trucking, you can find no 
better country In the United States. 

BUY THE BEST and send for our free 
Real Estate Bulletin, It will help you find It. 

SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA LAND 
AGENCY, C. B. Thomas and L. F. Krenning, 
General Managers, Wytheville, Va. 





FOR 1'OUIi 

FARM 

OR ANY REAL ESTATE. 



No matter wbere located. Send 
description and lowest cash price. 
I succeed by giving personal at- 
tention. Interesting and valuable 
particulars FREE. Write to- 
day. Bank rerereuces. 
fflLLIAlI T. BROWN, 114 Bruwn Law B'ld'g, Lancaster, Fa. 



FOR SALE 

OR 

FARM on SHARES 

I will sell all or one-half my dairy business, 
or I will give the right man an interest In 
profits to superintend same. A bargain for a 
good man. Apply OAK HILL, STOCK AND 
DAIRY FARM, Wenonda, Va. 

D. & W. R'y. 



... FOR SALE.. . 

FARMS AND SUBURBAN HOMES OF 
EVERY DESCRIPTION. 

25, 50, 100, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 acre tracts. 
Borne of these highly improved and conve- 
slent to schools, churches, steam and trolley 
lines. If you want to buy or sell a Virginia 
farm, see Hockaday & Caaselman, Richmond, 
Va. 

J. R. HOCKADAY, Richmond, Va.; LAU- 
RENCE CASSELMAN, Ex-Auditor McLalne 
Co., N. Dakota. 

Northern Virginia, 

Grain, Fruit, Dairy and Blue Grass Farms of 

every Class within one hour of Washington, L). C. 

LOUDOUN COUNTY 

Farms a Specialty 

Catalogue on application. 

P. B. BUELL CEL SON. 
Real instate Brohera, 

Herndon, Fairfax Co., Va. 



PROCEEDINGS OP THE EAST TEN- 
NESSEE FARMERS' CONVEN- 
TION. 

(Continued from last month.) 
Mr. Robt. Gallagher, of Shelby ville, 
told how he renovated a wornout farm 
through a judicious rotation of crops 
in which the cow pea predominated. 
Mr. S. F. Gettys, of Sanford, also 
spoke on this subject, and said on 
hilly land he found broad, shallow 
ditches invaluable. Mr. Gettys has 
made a notable success of preventing 
a hilly farm from washing and his ad- 
dress was thoroughly appreciated by 
the large audience. 

The Preservation of Farmyard Ma- 
nure was next taken up by Mr. P. F. 
Kefauver, of Madisonville, who told 
about his manure stable which he 
called his fertilizer factory. Prof; 
Chas. A. Mooers, of the Tennessee Ex- 
periment Station, followed Mr. Ke- 
fauver. He gave considerable atten- 
tion to the construction of manure 
pits and urged that greater care and 
attention be given to the handling and 
preservation of the manure, as at the 
present time the loss of nitrogen was 
simply enormous, and as this could 
he avoided with a moderate outlay, 
more attention should be given to this 
important subject. 

The Convention offered $25 in prizes 
for the best display of corn. A large 
number of samples were placed on ex- 
hibit and some of them were very ex- 
cellent indeed. The prizes were award- 
ed as follows: First, H. W. Anderson, 
Limestone, on White Cob Bread; sec- 
ond, R. L. Wheeler, Morristown, on 
White Dent; third, J. P. Lewis, Lone 
Mountain, on White; and fourth, J. 
D. Cannon, Maryviile, on Dent. Fol- 
lowing this, Mr. E. S. Huffman, of 
Normandy, one of the largest breed- 
ers of corn in the South, spoke on his 
methods of breeding and selecting 
corn. Mr. Huffman has made a great 
success of this work and says those 
who are interested in breeding corn 
should not fail to take advantage of 
the course in cereal judging offered 
by the University because of the defi- 
nite information it gives one with 
reference to the improvement of ce- 
reals through selection and breeding. 
Prof. Soule's address on the Con- 
struction of Farm Silos was a valua- 
ble one. It was illustrated by a large 
number of miniature silo models. Sec- 
tions of the various timbers used in 
the framing were shown to the audi- 
ence, and the subject was presented in 
such a simple and clear manner that 
any one interested should certainly be 
able to build a silo. The importance 
of the silo and the simplicity of con- 
struction that could be followed were 
points strongly emphasized. 

Dr. T. W. Jordan, of the University 
of Tennessee, next told of his experi- 
ence in feeding silage to export cat- 
tle. This was certainly an excellent 
address and i3 evidence of the practi- 
cal value of silage for the winter main- 
tenance of cattle. Mr. W. D. Brow- 



-To Homeseekers** 

" THE BUSINESS OF FARMING 
IN VIRGINIA.' 

Is the title of a new pamphlet issued by the 
Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We 
will gladly mail you a copy. 
W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER, Agt., 
G. P. A., Lands and Immigration, 
Roanoke, Va. 

/ Can Sell Your Farm.... 

If located in one of these Virginia counties: 
Frince George, Chesterfield, King William, 
Gloucester, New Kent, King and Queen, 
Hanover. Send description, stating price. 
JOHN JELINEK, 1116 Pine Alley, 
Braddock, Pa. 

"In the Green Fields of Virginia." 

Homes for ALL; Health for ALL; Happi- 
ness and Independence for ALL. ALL sizes 
of FARMS at corresponding prices, but ALL 
reasonable. 

MACON & CO., Orange, Va. 



VIRGINIA FARMS 

S3 PS?P< ACRE AND UPWARDS. 

EASY PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FREE. 

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO.. Richmond, Va. 

Established 1875. 

TIME EADMC in the great fruit grain and 
i IPlL rHnlTlO stock section of VIRGINIA. 

Best climate and water in the U. S. Near great 
markets, with best educational advantages. 
For further information, address 

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION CO., 
Sam'l B. Woods, Pres. Charlottesville, Va. 




For full par- 
ticulars write 
A. JEFFERS, 
« Norfolk, Va. 



•-*-• VIRGINIA FARMS • ^e> 

Nice little poultry farm, 100 acres, good house 
and orchard, gnOO.Ot. Blue Grass, Stock and 
Fruit Farms. Address PORTER & GATES, 

Louisa, Va. 



Mak e Your Idle Money 
Barn You Interest. 



Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK 
of RICHMOND, VIRGINIA for infor- 
mation concerning lis certificate of 
deposit, so arranged that one per 
cent, may be collected every FOUR 
MONTHS through your nearest bank 
or store. 

Our experience proves this form for 
savings to be the most satisfactory 
plan yet devised for deposits off 100.00 
or more. 

Our Capital and Surplus is 

ONE MILLION DOLLARS. 

JOHN B. PURCELL, President. 

JNO. M. MILLER, Jr., Vice-Pres. & Cashier. 
CHAS. R. BURNETT, Assistant Cashier. 
J. C. JOPLIN, Assistant Cashier 



1904.] 



THE SOTTTHEKN PLANTER 



553 




EUEAL ~"WlK V 

HAIL BOS. Hii 



THE HESSLER$i MAIL BOX 

Best, Cheap- 
est and Most 
Durable Mail 

Box on the 
.market. Full 
'Gov eminent 
size and ap- 
proved by Post- 
master Gen- 
eral, Price of 
boxes, 81.0 0. 
Brass locks 
with chain, 35 

cents. We make a discount on dozen lots. 

*s Circulars Free, Orders Shipped Promptly. 

H. E. Hessler Co., Factory A, Syracuse, N. Y. 

& BLUE FLAME -£> 

Imperial Oil Cook Stoves. 

Wood and Coal Cook Stoves at Factory 
prices. I am agent for all the best makes. 
Price, from 38c. to ?25. Everything In Hard- 
ware, Sash, Doors, Blinds, Iron and Tin 
Roofing. Carriage Goods Nails, etc. 

CARBON ROOF PAINT, stops leaks, guar- 
anteed for five years. Price only 50c. gal. 
Write us for anything you want. We have 
it. HARRIS, "The Hardwareman," 409 E. 
Broad street, Richmond, Va. 



THE FONTAINE 

SHOCK BINDER 

at $1.50 delivered, is the greatest labor saver 
ever offered to farmers. It keeps shocks dry 
Inside and prevents them falling. Endorsed 
by test farms of U. S., Va., N. C, 111. 
Send for circular with testimonials and di- 
rections for cutting and shocking corn. 
Agents Wanted. FONTAINE SHOCK BIND- 
ER CO., Christie, Va. 

Scarr's Fruit Preservative. 

Sealed or air tight jars are not necessary in 
preserving Fruits or Vegetables. Being made 
from pure materials, this Preservative does not 
impair the flavor. Absolutely harmless. If 
your druggist or grocer cannot supply you, 
write direct to us. 

SCARR'S FRUIT PRESERVATIVE CO., 
Staiesville, N. C. 

. . . WILL EXCHANGE . . . 

Eclipse Hand Separator, 

As good as new, and doing perfect work, 
for a Red Poll, Shorthorn or Angus Heifer 
Calf. Apply to GEO. W. BRYAN Scotland 
Neck, N. C. 



MODERN CANNER FOR $25 

Complete farm canning plant, including 
cans, tools, etc. Write to-day. MO0ER.N 
CANNER CO., Bridgeport, Alabama. 

"Crop Growing 
and Crop Feeding." 

By Prof. W. f. masSkY. 
383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper, 50c. 



We offer this splendid work In connec- 
tion with tho SOUTHERN PLANTER 
at the following prices: 

Southern Planter and Cloth 

Bound Volume, $1.26. 

Southern Planter and Paper 

Bound Volume, 90c. 
Old or new subscriptions. 

Mention the Sot/thebn Plantxb In 
writing. 



der, of Pinhook Landing, and W. H. 
George, of Chandler, also spoke on this 
subject and gave some very interesting 
and instructive facts. Col. S. E. Young, 
of Sweetwater, told of the value of 
silage for the maintenance of the dairy 
cow. He regarded it as indispensible. 
Prof. John R. Fain, of the Tennessee 
Experiment Station, gave a summary 
of two years' results in feeding beef 
cattle on silage. He showed that the 
cattle had gained more than two 
pounds per day throughout a period of 
150 days and that these gains were 
made at a surprisingly low cost. 

Col. J. A. Reagan, of Sweetwater, 
next followed with "My Experience 
with Grasses and Clover." He gave 
some very practical suggestions with 
reference to this topic. Mr. P. O. 
Vanatter, of the Tennessee Experi- 
ment Station then discussed "Alfalfa 
and Grass for Hay and Grazing." He 
stated that under proper conditions 
alfalfa could be grown successfully in 
Tennessee, but that the land must be 
thoroughly and carefully prepared. 
This was the key to success. 

Chattanooga, through Mr. C. W. Hol- 
brook, Secretary of the Chamber of 
Commerce, presented an invitation to 
the Convention to meet in that city 
next year. He was given a vote of 
thanks and the matter was referred 
to the Executive Committee with pow- 
er to act. Resolutions were then 
adopted asking the State Legislature 
to give the Experiment Station at 
least $20,000 annually for mainte- 
nance and support; approving the 
farmers' institute system as conducted 
by Commissioner W. W. Ogilvie; 
thanking the "World's Fair Commis- 
sion and the railroads for the special 
rates; and asking the Legislature to 
give the Agricultural Department of 
the University the support it deserved. 
Resolution were also passed favoring 
compulsory education and the estab- 
lishment of chairs of veterinary sci- 
ence and entomology and a poultry 
department in the University of Ten- 
nessee; the secretary was highly com- 
plimented for his work, and the mem- 
bership fee was fixed by amendment 
of the constitution at $1.00 per year. 
The following officers were then elect- 
ed: President, W. Gettys, Athens; 
Vice President for Life, O. P. Temple, 
Knoxville; Secretary, Andrew M. 
Soule, Knoxville; Assistant Secretary, 
G. B. Wheeler, Morristown. 

The Convention then adjourned to 
visit the University Farm in the after- 
noon. A special train of street ears 
was placed at the disposal of the dele- 
gates by the Knoxville Traction Co. 
and more than 700 reached the farm 
about two o'clock. The 1,200 grass 
and grain plats were visited and the 
beautiful farm with its fine growing 
crops was the subject of much admira- 
tion and favorable comment. When 
the stables were reached the stock re- 
ceived its due share of attention. The 
excellent dairy herd, splendid beef 
cattle and Berkshire hogs were great- 



Horse Owners! Usi 

GOMBATTLT'S 

Caustic 
Balsam 

A Safe Speedy and Fositifi Cars 
Tlie Safest, Best BLISTER ever used. Takes 
she place of all liniments for mild or severe action* 
Kemoves Bunches or Blemishes from Honei 
and Cattle. SUPERSEDES ALL CAUTERY 
OR FIRING. Impossible to produce scar or blemish, 
Bvery bottle sold is warranted to give satisfaction 
Price $1,50 cer bottle. Sold by druggists, off 
lent by express, charges paid, with full directions 
for its use. Send for descriptive circulars. 
THE LAWBBNCE-WSZ.LIAMS CO.. Cleveland 




DEATH TO HEAVES 

Guaranteed 





NEWTON'S Heave, Coach, DU- 

temper and Indigestion Cure* 

_^ A veterinary specific for wind| 

^throat and stomacn troubles, 

Strung recommends. $1.00 pep 

can. Dealers. Mail or Ex. paid. 

The Newton Remedy Co., 

Toledo, Ohio. 



IS 



HEEPnip 



Standard of the World 

for 60 years. Used on 2S0 millions an- 
nually. One dipping kills 1 icks, Lice 
and Nits. No smell. Keeps flock clean a 
long time. Increases growth ot wool. 
Dipping J'anks at cost. 
Send for Pamphlet to Chicago. 
If local druggists cannot supply, send 
$1.75 for $2.00 (100 gal.) pkt. to 
JOHNSON & STOKES, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Q. A. KRLLY & CO., Pittsburg, Pa. 
VVM. COOPER & NEPHEWS, Chicago, 111. 







Save the animal— save your f 

herd— cure every case of ' 

Lump Jaw. The disease is 

fatal In time, and It spreads. Only one way 

to cure it— use 

Fleming's Lump Jaw Cure 

No trouble— rub it on. No risk— your money 
back if It ever fails. Used for seven years 
by nearly all the big: stockmen. Free'book I 
tolls you more. 



Once hard to cure— easy now. A 43-min- 
ute treatment dues it. r<o other method 
so easy— no other method sure. 

Fieming's Spavin and Ringbone Pasie 

j/y, cures even the worst cases— noDe too old 
or bad' Money backif it ever fails. Free 
», Illustrated In >ols about Lump Jaw, 
_*fk Spavin, I.inirhone, Splint, 1' ir Spavin 
^*2 and other slock ailments. Write for it. 
fo Fi.EiVI'hSC BROS,, Chemists, 

BH 8S© Colon Stock Yards, Chicago, 111. 



VIRGINIA FARMS 

All iiricM aad size*. Free list on -iippilctu : s, 
WNI.B. PIZZINI CO.. Richmond. V*. 

A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 



554 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



Millboro Springs 



College, 



FOR YOUNG LADIES. 

2,200 feet above sea level. Located in the 
heart of the Alleghanies. Pure spring waters. 
Preparatory and College courses. Special ad- 
vantages in Music, Art and Elocution. Home 
care and training. Session begins Sept. 27, 
1904. Terms, moderate. Address J. GRA- 
HAM DAVIDSON, Milboro Springs, Bath 
county, Va. 



... m$. 



ELIZABETH COLLEGE 
and Conservatory of Music 

A High Grade College for Young Ladies. 

Delightful climate; beautiful suburban location; 
new fireproof buildings. University -trained, ex- 
perienced teachers; reputation for thorough 
work, good health, fine table-board. Catalog free. 
Chas.B.K.lng, Pres., Charlotte, N.C. 



Virginia Polytechnic Institute, 

(State Agricultural and Mechanical College) 

AT BLACKSBURG, VA. 
A SOUTHERN INSTITUTE OP TECH- 
NOLOGY. 
54 Instructors. Thoroughly equipped Shops, 
Laboratories, and Infirmary. Farm of 400 
acres. Steam heating and electric lights in 
dormitories. Degree courses in Agriculture, 
Horticulture, Civil, Mechanical and Electri- 
cal Engineering, Applied Chemistry and Gen- 
eral Science. Shorter courses in Practical 
Agriculture and Practical Mechanics. Total 
cost of session of nine months, including tui- 
tion, and other fees, Board.Washing, Text- 
Books, Uniform, Medical Attendance, etc., 
$222. Cost to State students, $182. Next ses- 
sion begins Sept. 21, 1904. For catalogue and 
other information, apply to J. M. McBRYDE, 
Ph. D., LL. D.. President. 



School of Accomplishments. 

Music, Art, Languages. 

SESSION BEGINS SEPTEMBER 15th. 

18 Iowa Circle N. W., Washington, D. C. 

MRS. ROUTT-JOHNSON, Principal. 

"WARNER'S 

Correspondence School 

At Bradford, Pa., teaches SHORTHAND. 
BOOKKEEPING and PENMANSHIP by maU 
Write now. 



ly admired. Prof. Soule spoke on the 
requirements of good beef cattle, illus- 
trating his remarks with a group of 
Hereford steers fed on silage for the 
past six months at the Experiment 
Station. These animals were almost 
perfect specimens of the breed, and it 
is safe to say that the object lesson 
thus presented will do much towards 
improving the quality of cattle kept 
on the average Tennessee farm. At 
the close of the stock judging demon- 
strations conducted by Profs. Plumb, 
Fain and Soule, the delegates were all 
seated on the grass and given light 
refreshments. This constitutes the 
great annual social feature of the Con- 
vention and it is needless to say that 
it is thoroughly enjoyed. In fact, it 
is hard to describe the real pleasure it 
affords the delegates. 

In conclusion, it is only necessary 
to say that the value of the Conven- 
tion cannot be estimated. It is so far 
reaching in its influence by reason of 
its representative nature that the ben- 
efits of the information derived from 
it are everywhere observable. It is 
doing a wonderful work for this sec- 
tion of the South, and the fervent 
prayer of its hundreds of well-wishers 
may be briefly summed up in "long 
may it live and prosper." 

Andbew M. Soule, 

Tenn. Expt. Station. Sec'y. 



Mention the Southern Planter when 
corresponding with advertisers. 



CAMPAIGN BUTTON ABSOLUTELY 
FREE. 
You can secure free an official Re- 
publican or an official Democratic cam- 
paign button. 
The Roosevelt 
"Stand Pat" 
button is now 
ready. The il- 
lustration is 
shown here. It 
is a real beau- 
ty. The Dem- 
ocratic button 
will also be 
handsome, and will be ready imme- 
diately after the Democratic National 
Convention. This free distribution of 
buttons is characteristic of the well- 
known makers of famous Zenoleum 
Dip and Disinfectant. Send a postal 
now. The correct address is Zenner 
Disinfectant Co., 93 Bates St., Detroit, 
Mich. 




Do you know why your face is irri- 
tated, and has a drawn, biting feeling 
after shaving? Only one reason — poor 
soap. Try Williams' Shaving Soap 
and note the difference. The soft, 
rich, thick lather makes shaving easy, 
and the after effects make it a pleas- 
ure. Send 2 cents for sample to the 
J. B. Williams Co., Clastonbury Conn., 
and you'll agree with us after you 
have tried it. 



Don't fool with 
your face. In- 
sist on Williams' 
Shaving Soap. 

Sold everywhere. Free trial sample 

for 2 -cent stamp to pay postage. 

Write for booklet '*, How to Shave." 

The J. B. Williams Co., Glastonbury, Ct. 



ANTED! 

ALL KINDS OF 

LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS 

Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White 
Squirrels, Ducks, Swans, Bob White 
Quail, Grey Squirrels, Bear, Baby Rac- 
coons, Foxes, Etc. 

DR. CECIL FRENCH, 

718 Twelfth St. N. W., Washington, D. C. 



FARM WANTED TO RENT. 



Wanted to rent with option of purchase a 
farm of about 100 acres suitable for a Dairy and 
Stock farm on the North side of the James River 
within 7 miles of the City of Richmond. 

Address J, SOUTHERN PLANTER OFFICE 
Richmond Va. 



Position Wanted as Farm Manager 

by a first-class man, with practical and 
educational experience in all branches. 
R S., care Southern Planter. 



EXPERIENCED FARM MANAGER 

wants pesition (Virginia preferred). Under- 
stands handling labor improved Implements. 
Nine years last place. Address R., 1265 M 
street, N. E., Washington, D. C. 



Reliable White Man 

Wanted for farm work; his wife to look 
after milk, etc.; not a dairy. Address, with 
reference, S. M., Box 485, Richmond, Va. 



VIRGINIA DIVISION. 



Binks — How does your new son-in- 
law strike you? 
Hinks — For a V usually. 



FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION. 

Chartered by State of Virginia. 
A fire Insurance Association for farmers ot 
Eastern Virginia. 
Organized January 9, 1899; amount lnsurefl 
lanuary 9, 1904, $370,600; policies secured by 
real and personal property, estimated value, 
$1,000,000. For further information address 
CHAS. N. FRIEND, General Agent, Chester, 
Va. 

iisfiTilTE 

GREENSBORO, N.C. 

for the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE .nrf 
ither Drug Addictions. The Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaustion 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER 



555 



• SEED OATS 

FOR SALE 

1,200 Bushels Virginia Winter 
Grey or Turf. 

These oats were sown in the Fall; are of 
a very superior quality and EXTRA HEAV >'. 
Grown in Albemarle County, in the Pied- 
mont section of Virginia, where the best seed 
oats obtainable are produced. Samples sent 
on application. Address WOODSIDE STOCK 
FARM, P. 0. Box 145, Charlottesville, Va. 



I - H - i - I - I - I-K-I - X-I-I - H - I' - i - I - i - I - M - 




New Crop ][ 

Turnip, :: 

Kale 



AND 

Spinach 
Seed. 

Crimson and W hite Blooming German 
Clover, Kape, Vetches, Alfalfa, and all 
Grass, Grain and Garden Seeds. Prices 
cheerfully quoted on application. Cat- 
alog mailed free. 

DIGGS & BE&DLES, 1709 E. Franklin St., 
Samples milled on request. Richmond, Va. 



D 



YOU - - - 
OYOU WANT TO 
YOU OUGHT TO 
AND YOU CAN 



GROW ALFALFA? 



If you will use Bacteria from Ewell Farm 
enough soil to infect one acre for one dollar. 

Write for circular. 

Address QEO. CAMPBELL BROWN, 
EWELL FARM. ... Spring Hill, Tenn. 



CELERY 



Plants, VERY 
STOCKY. 
Raised from 
Imported seed sown thin in rich beds. Golden 
Self Blanching, Giant Pascal ; Golden Heart, 
White Plume, 81.00 per 1,000; 70c per 500. 
ninninr Plants 80c per 1.000; 86.50 per 
L A D D A ll t 10 000; 60c pej 500. Strong, 
stocky plants, Danis-h Ballhead, 
Sure head, Stone Mason, All Seasons, Flat Dutch. 
F. W. R0CHELLE, Drawer 6. Chester, N.J. 

THE 



NUT NURSERY CO. 

MONTICELLO FLA. 

Growers of FANCY and RARE VARTRTTFP 
by grafting in all of the more important 
species of nuts. We have probably the 
FINEST STOCK OF GRAFTED PECANS In 
the South. Catalogue for the asking. J. F. 
JONES, Manager. 



Glnsang, Golden Seal and Seneca Snake Root. 
Don't take but few square yards to pay 
more dividends than a whole farm planted in 
anything else. Send stamp for particulars, 
prices, etc. 3. h. GIBSON, Bryson City, 
N. C. 



GINSENG &. RAW FURS 

Wanted; full value for your goods. Write 
fOT price lists. Address H. C. METCALF, 
Alstead, N. H. 



GOOD HOUSEKEEPING. 

STUFFED EGG PLANT. 

Select moderate sized egg plant and 
cut them half in two. Scoop out all 
the seed and inside meat, leaving the 
rind half inch thick. Chop the meat 
fine, add to four cups of it two cups 
of ripe tomatoes peeled and chopped, 
one cup of bread crumbs, a small onion 
chopped fine, pepper and salt to taste, 
pack it all firmly into the shells and 
put lumps of butter about on the top 
of it put them all into a biscuit pan 
which must be half full of water, and 
bake very slowly for more than two 
hours. You may treat cymlings (or 
squash) in the same way with very 
good results. 

BROILED TOMATOES. 

Select firm, not overly ripe, toma- 
toes, and cut them in slices nearly half 
an inch thick, dip each slice in meal 
which is seasoned with a little salt 
and pepper, and put them on a hot 
griddle, turn several times, and let 
them cook in all about eight minutes. 
Serve at once. 

POTATO AND BEET SALAD. 

Boil the vegetables as if to be used 
for dinner (or else save what is left 
over), and let them get thoroughly 
cold, then cut them into small squares; 
set the dish into the ice-box till just 
before serving, then pour over it and 
mix well with it, by tossing the vege- 
tables up with a silver fork, a dressing 
made with the juice of two lemons, two 
tablespoons of sugar, one teaspoon of 
salt, one teaspoon of celery seed, half 
teaspoon of mustard, and a small quan- 
tity of black pepper. Heat these all in 
a small pan over a boiling tea-kettle 
and stir into it two beaten eggs, let 
it thicken then take it off and add a 
tablespoon of butter, and when it is 
cold thin out with a small quantity oi 
cream. 

STUFFED RAW TOMATOES. 

Try to have the tomatoes of uni- 
form size, not very large, and they 
must not be very ripe, but a beautiful 
red. Cut off trie bloom end and scoop 
out the inside, leaving rather a thick 
shell. Chop what you have taken out 
with half as much fresh cucumber sea- 
son with a little mustard, pepper, salt 
and onion juice enough to give it a 
flavor, fill the shells with this and set 
them ' on ice till ready to be served. 
Garnish with lettuce leaves on curled 
parsley. Serve one to eacn guest. 

CANNED PEACHES. 

Peel and cut the peaches off in as 
large slices as possible, pack them into 
a porcelain kettle with water coming 
half way up, let them boil for ten min- 
utes if they are soft, but longer if 
hard. Have the jars hot and fill them 
from the boiling kettle, screw on the 
tops at once, and see that they are 
screwed very tight, and the fruit will 
keep as long as you want it to. 

CORN PUDDING. 

Cut the corn from the cob and to a 
quart add two beaten eggs, one cup of 
fresh milk, one teaspoon of salt, a ta- 
blespoon of sugar, and a big spoon of 




Potash Fills the 
Grain Sacks 

Potash is a necessary nourish- 
ment for grain and all other crops. 

Write to-day for our valuable 
books on "Fertilization" — full of 
information that every farmer should 
possess — sent free to applicants. 

GERMAN KALI WORKS 




PEDIGREED 

SCOTH COLLIES 

pups $5 each; grown dogs at reasonable 
prices. For 25c. will send information as to 
what days inThe year on which to cut brush, 
briars, weeds and all obnoxious growths to 
permanently destroy them. SHADY BROOK 
FARM R. F. D. 2, Roanoke, Va. 



Edgewood Stock Farm. 

SCOTCH COLLIES 

A beautiful litter of sables and blacks, full 
white marks. Bred strong in blood of Chris- 
topher, Barwell Mystery, and Doon Marvel. 
Sire and dam grand drivers, great workers. 
Pups now ready at ?10 and $8. Eligible to 
registry. Get photos. H. B. ARBUCKLE, 
Maxwelton, W. Va. 



COLLIES 

Four months old, by An ericas greatest sire, Im- 
ported Ohio Hop?, Ex Edgbaston Spi. Bred for 
the bench show and to drive, 
SHENANDOAH VALLEY KENNELS, 
Vaucluse, Va. 



COLLIE PUPS 



By Imported Sires. Sable and white and tri- 
colors. Prices. 88 to S15. Older ones correspond- 
ingly low- Book on Training, 50 cents: Fbee if 
vou buy a Collie. 
MAPLEM ONT STOCK FARM, South Alhol.Mass. 



"Feeds and Feeding' 

Prof. Henry's Great Book for 
Farmers and Stockmen. 

Delivered anywhere for - - $2.00 
With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25 



A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 



556 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



Angora Goats 

I can furnished high bred ANGORA 
GOATS during August, iSeptember, Oc- 
tober and November in Singles, Pairs, 
Trios or large lots. Write for prices. 

ROBERT C. BRAUER, 

Successor to Brauer Cattle Co., 

Live Stock Commission Merchant 

Address P. O. Box 204 
Peru, Union Stoct Yards, Richmond, Va. 

Angora Qoats 

FOR SALE. 

Wethers, pairs and trios; registered and 
grades, at farmer's prices. 

J, H. HARPSTER, - - Millersiuirg, Ohio. 

AMPHDA PDATC are handsome, hardy and 
ANuUnA UUA I O Profitable For large cir- 
cular address E. W. COLE & CO., Big Clitty, Ky 




KENTUCKY JACK FARM 

A fine lot of KEN- 
TUCKY bred and big 
BLACK SPANISH 

Jacks and Jennets; 
also 1 and 2 year old 
Jacks; young stock for 
sale at all times. 
Write or see me be- 
fore yuu ouy. "Uume to Kentucky if you 
want a good Jack. JOE E. WRIGHT, Junc- 
tion City, Ky. 

MULES for sale 

1 pair bay mules, 5 years old. weight, 2,310 
lbs.; 1 pair bay mules, 8 years old, weight 
about 2,100 lbs. 1 iron gray, standard bred 
horse, 7 years old, weight 1,250, 16 1-4 hands, 
sound and good driver, good looker, will work 
anywhere. Prices right. Address H. P. 
LYNN, Jr., Woolsey, Va. 

Bargains in SHEEP. 

1 fine HAMPSHIRE BUCK; 4 fine SHROP- 
SHIRE BUCKS; 180 good grade breeding 
Ewes. Come and see them or write JOHN 
MATHEWS, East Richmond, Va. 

DORSETS^ 
HEREFORDS 

H. ARMSTRONG, Lantz Mills. Va. 



butter and a small quantity of black 
pepper. Pour it into a pudding dish 
and bake until the corn is done. If 
the corn is old and dry it will be neces- 
sary to put in more milk, and will be 
well to score it down the middle before 
cutting it off. 

ICE CEEAM. 

One quart of fresh milk, scalded, 
and thickened with a tablespoon of 
cornstarch, sweetened with three cups 
of sugar; to this add one quart of pure 
cream and season with vanilla or bit- 
ter almond and freeze quickly; this 
will beat up to nearly three quarts if 
you have a good freezer. 

TEA.CAKES. 

One quart of flour, two teacups of 
sugar, one teacup of butter and lard 
mixed, the yolks of two eggs beaten 
and stirred into a cup of butter milk, 
one teaspoon of soda. Make into a 
dough and roll out very thin. Season 
with nutmeg or powdered cinnamon. 

PEACH SHORTCAKE. 

Make a dough of one quart of flour, 

one teaspoon of baking powder, one 

cup of lard and butter mixed, and a 

teaspoon of salt, enough milk to make 

rather a soft dough, roll it out and 

bake in your square pie pan, putting 

three layers in the pan with a little 

j butter between. When thoroughly 

[ done pull the layers apart and butter 

j well, spread between them soft juicy 

i peaches which have been peeled and 

sliced and sweetened for some hours; 

pile them up again and serve with 

cream. 

BLANC MANGE. 

Scald one quart of new milk, into it 
put one cup of sugar with four table- 
spoons of cornstarch mixed with it, a 
minute later stir in two well beaten 
eggs; let it cook in a double boiler 
until it becomes a stiff paste then turn 
it out and season with vanilla, put 
into molds and set on ice till you want 
to use it. It is better if kept half a 
day. Serve with cream seasoned with 
vanilla and preserved cherries. 

Cakaven. 



Woodland Farm 

offers the best lot of October dropped 
Dorset Ram lambs which 
it has ever raised. 

i. E. WING & BROS., Mechanlcsburg, 0. 

Shropshires. 

3 Bucks and 50 Ewes for sale. 

JOSEPH WILMEPvRapidan, Va. 



FALL FENCING. 



In many sections of the country old 
farm fences are overhauled and new 
fencing is set in the fall after corn is 
laid by and harvesting is out of the 
way. Any reader of the Southern 
Planter who is planning work in this 
line will do well to write to W. H. 
Mason & Co., Box 80, Leesburg, O., 
makers of high grade wire fence. They 
operate under very low expense and 
sell correspondingly cheap. Address 
carefully as above and your letter will 
have prompt attention. 



SCARR'S FRUIT PRESERVATIVE. 
This well-known powder is being ad- 
vertised in this issue by its makers. 
From a little pamphlet of testimonials 
we have received, we learn that it is 
thoroughly effective and harmless in 
preserving fruits and vegetables. 



V.P.I. 

Farm Bulletin 

We have for sale at present, some splendid 

DORSET RAM LAMBS. 

For prices, etc, address 

D. 0. NQURSE, Prof, of Agr. 
Blacksburg, Va. 

30 PURE-BRED 

SOUTHDOWN EWE 

lambs for sale. Price, $15 each, October, 
1904, delivery. This flock was originally pur- 
chased from Henry Webb, Babraham, Eng., 
and crossed from time to time with the de- 
scendants of Rams bought by John Hobart 
Warren from Lord Walsingham, of England. 
WM. JOHN, Linden, Va. (Mgr. Col R. H. 
DULANY). 



Brook 
SHROPSHIRES. 

For sale; very fine one and two year old 
pure bred SHROPSHIRE BUCKS; some very 
nice ewe lambs. C. A. SAUNDERS, Meadow 
Brook Stock Farm, Culpeper, Va. 

HAMPSHIRE DOWN 



: SHEEP= 



We have sold all of our 1 and 2 year old 
Hampshire Rams, but have a GRAND LOT 
OF LAMBS for next year's trade. MEADOW 
BROOK FARM, J. D. THOMAS, Round Hill, 
Va. 

REGISTERED 

SHROPSH RE SHEEP. 

8 ewes, 1 ewe lamb, 3 ram lambs, 2 year- 
ling rams, 1 2 year old ram out of Imported 
stock. All good size, well marked, good in- 
dividuals. Prices, ewes, $12; lambs, $10; year- 
ling rams, $16; 2 year old ram, $25 f. o. b. 
Barclay, Md. Entire flock at a discount. 
Must sell as have no place to keep them. 
H. R. GRAHAM, Chestertown, Md. 

4- PURE-BRED 

SHROPSHIRE: BUCK 

lambs and 1 mature buck for sale, or will 
trade for pure bred young ewes of same 
breed. Must be first class in every particu- 
lar. Dr. F. E. WILLIAMS, Charlottesville, 
Va. 

THOROUGHBRED... 

Berkshire Boars, 
Dorset Buck Lambs, 
Jersey Bull Calves. 

All stock In beet of condition and 
guaranteed as represented. 
F. T. ENGLISH, Centrevllle, Md. 

A neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 25 cents. Address 
our Business Office. 



1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTEK. 



557 



The Five=Year=01d Hereford Bull LARS, JR., 85297. 

One of the Great Sires at Castalia Farm. 10 Years of 
Usefulness before him. A Sure Breeder, a Tested Sire. 

CALVED NOV. 24th, 1898. 

LARS, JR., IS A MODEL BULL, showing "QUALITY" as his prominent feature from head to tail. From hirth 
the bull had a most docile disposition, matured early, and has always been a good feeder. He is of the masculine 
type throughout, with a fine, rich coat of Hereford red and the usual white face and other Hereford markings. His 
heart girth is ample, ribs well sprung, with good quarters, well flanked behind. He is a sure breeder, and his calves 
mature quickly. Being only five years old, and a tested sire, with a pedigree combining many champion prize win- 
ners of international reputation, Lars, Jr., is fit to head any herd, and is sure to prove a useful and profitable invest- 
ment. This bull was bred by Mr. Thomas Clarke, of Beecher, 111., and calved at "Castalia," where he has since 
been developed. 

His Sire is LARS, 50734, SECOND PRIZE YEARLING BULL at WORLD'S FAIR, FIRST AND CHAMPION PRIZE 
WINNER as a two, three and Four year old at all the prin cipal fairs ; also headed the herd winning Grand Sweep- 
stakes at the great LIVE STOCK SHOW OF AMERICA, at Madison Square Garden, New York City, in 1896. 

The dam of LARS, JR., is JUDY, 55711 (one of the breeding cows in the Castalia Herd, and is a regular breeder 
and excellent milker, by PEERLESS WILTON, 12774, a sire of as many prize winners as any Hereford Bull living), 
and the dam of Judy is JESSIE 3D, 10908, by SIR RICHARD 2D, 970a, the celebrated sire of prize winners, and 
especially of good breeding cows. 

Thus Lars, Jr., may rightfully be expected to be a sire of good animals. 

Address MURRAY B00C0CK, Owner, Keswick, Va. 

ELI1TON SALE 

Tuesday^ September 8t h g 1904 

Pure=bred Reg. fierefords 

15 Bulls and Bull Calves. 11 Heifers and Heifer Calves. 

The above are by such noted sires as Beau Donald, Actor 3d, Prince Bupert, etc., and out of cows 
that are the pick of several farmers' herds, and will show for themselves. 

GRADE HEREFORDS 

15 Cows and Heifers. 5 Heifer Calves. 5 Yearling Heifers. 5 Bull Calves. 

Some of the above are almost pure bred, but not subject to registry. We want to close out the 
latter, as we are going in for raising pure bred Herefords exclusively. 

HOGS 

Pure bred, registered Berkshires of all ages; Pigs by the noted Koyal Bachelor, of international 
fame ; also a number of cross bred sows, gilts and pigs. 

SHEEP 

40 choice Ewes (young), Oxford Down, Southdown and Shropshires; mostly pure bred, but not 
subject to registry. i 

HORSES 

3 good Farm Horses. 1 fine Saddle Mare and Colt. 1 registered Percheron Stallion (Imported). 
Will meet all trains at Porest Depot, Va., on day of sale or previous to sale, if notified in time. 
For all further inquiries, address 

THE ELKTON STOCK FARM, Forest Depot, Va. 



558 



the southern: planter. 



[August, 



Berkshire Hogs! 




Sires in service, Rockland Majestic 
of New Era; his sire Rockland Gen- 
try, champion of America in 1903; grand 
sire, Baron Lee IV, ilodel Lee IX, 
sire Gov. Lee, champion of America in 
1889, Sows of EQUALLY NOTED 
Strains. A few nice pigs for sale. 
Write for prices. 

JNO. CALHOUN, Clio, S. C. 



Maplewood Herd. 

..Berkshires.. 

Selectly Bred. Choice individuals. 
Write for prices, stating your needs. 

JNO. F. TUCKER, 

Smyrna, Term. 



BERKSHIRE PIGS 

J0 FOR. SALE J0- 

We have on our Hollybrook Farm a fine 
lot of young Berkshire Pigs from 8 to 12 
weeks old, for sale. These pigs are from 
registered stock, and are first-class In every 
respect. Our pigs have free range, with fine 
stream of running water through the hog 
pastures, and our stock is as vigorous and 
healthy as possible. Price either for boar or 
sow pigs, $5 each, crated and delivered on 
cars, or to express office at Richmond. Ad- 
dress orders to HENRY W. WOOD, Box 330, 
Richmond, Va. 




OUR herd represents the 
very best strains of import, 
ed Large English Berk- 
shires. Choice stock at 
reasonable prices. 
Addrets 

Cottage Grove Farm, 

P. 0. Box S. Greensboro, N, C. 



BerKsKires 

Best ENGLISH and AMERICAN blood. 
Herd Boars: Columbus Lee VIII (brother of 
Combination) ; Workman of W. (sire. Jack 
of all Trades). Stock for sale at prices YOU 
CAN AFFORD TO PAY. H. W. FUGATE, 
Fugate's Hill, Russell county, Va. 

NO noRE BLIND HORSES. 

For Specific Optbalmia, Moon Blindness, and 
other Sore Eyes, Barry Co., Iowa City, la. havea 
sure cure. 



CANNING TOMATOES. 

For the benefit of a subscriber and 
others, here is the plan I follow in put- 
ting up tomatoes and out of 230 quarts 
only lost five, and these on account of 
defective tops. I fit the tops to the 
jars just before I am ready to use 
tbem, being careful to see that all tops 
fit down close all around without rub- 
ber on. T use good soft rubbers and 
only one to a jar. Use glass jars with 
screw tops. See that jars and tops are 
perfectly clean. Select only ripe, firm 
and perfectly sound tomatoes. Round 
smooth ones peel easier. Put them in 
a vessel and scald by pouring over 
them boiling water. When the skins 
slip easily pour off the water and peel 
quickly and put them into a preserv- 
ing kettle, pour in enough hot water 
to prevent sticking to bottom and 
gradually bring to a boil. Set dish 
pan on the stove with boiling water 
about three inches deep, take top from 
jar and put in pan of water, lay jar 
down in water, giving it a rolling mo- 
tion so water will strike it all around 
at once, lessening danger of breaking. 
Roll jar around until it is thoroughly 
hot, pour out the water and set it up 
in the pan and quickly fill, with to- 
matoes from the kettle, which should 
be kept at the boiling point and also 
the water in the pan during the whole 
process. Fill as quickly as possible, 
adjust rubber and take the top out of 
the pan and screw it down as tight as 
possible, and set jars away upside 
down to cool. When cool, examine to 
see if any have leaked; if not, you can 
be reasonably sure that they will kee%. 
Some advise screwing tops down tight- 
er after jars arc cool, but I believe 
that this is a mistake. When tops are 
screwed down as tight as possible 
while jars and toys are hot, the rub- 
ber softens and sticks tightly to jar 
and top, sealing the jar. If, when 
jars are cool, you will turn them up- 
side down and give the top a turn, you 
will notice that air will enter, causing 
bubbles to pass up through the to- 
matoes, which I believe to be the 
cause of so many failures. Good ripe 
fruit, everything perfectly clean, jars, 
tops and tomatoes boiling hot when 
put in and sealed, and tops screwed 
down as tight as possible to prevent 
air entering jar is the whole secret of 
success. I canned 115 quarts in Sep- 
tember, 1902, and have a few quarts 
of them yet, and they are as good as 
when first put up. This was my first 
experience at canning and I was al- 
most afraid to make an attempt, as 
the editor of the Planter had a short 
time before in answer to a subscriber 
replied that he hesitated to advise 
home canning, on account of- failures 
reported from receipts appearing in 
previous issues. 

Tomatoes can be canned and canned 
to keep by following strictly the direc- 
tions above. I have put up black- 
berries and huckleberries the same 
way and never lost any. 

Mrs. K. W. Babeb. 



5 BERKSHIRE 

Boar Pigs, farrowed April 20th, for sale. 
Sired by DANSFIELD ROLAND, out of 
MANSFIELD BELLE. These pigs are extra 
fine in every respect, and will be sold for $10 
each f. o. b. express office. Certificate of 
registration with each one. T. M. ARRA- 
SMITH Greensboro, N. C. 



Too Many BERKSHIRE PIGS. 

Will sell limited number at priees 
that will make them go Choice 
YOUNG BOARS ready for service. 
Brood Sows Reg. bred to King John 
of Fassifern 9123, he by Imp. Sir 
John Bull. 

WILLIAMSON TALLEY, 
Richmond, Va. 




BERIiSHIRES. 

A few fine young boars and sows for sale. 
Farrowed February and March, 1904. Right 
age for fall breeding. From registered boar 
and sows. Pure Biltmore blood. Price dur- 
ing August, $10 each f. o. b. Charlottesville. 
Write for further information. ROBERT 
HIBBERT, Charlottesville, Va. 




and free circular. 



Registered Lr c k h sh r 

C. Whites. Large 
strain, All ages mated 
aot akin, Bred sow, 
$M -Service boars, Guern- 
•yj^-iey calves, Scotch 
Collie pups, and Poul- 
try. Write for prices 
P. F. HAMILTON, 
Cochranville, Chester Co., Pa. 



BERKSHIRE PIQS 

for sale. Nice lot at farmers' prices. 
EVERGREEN DAIRY & STOCK FARM, W. 
B. GATES, Prop., Rice Depot, Va. 



Hawksley Stock Farm, 

has a few fine young BERKSHIRE BOARS 
to sell. No more pigs until August 1st, also 
a few half bred DORSET HORNED BUCK 
LAMBS. J. T. OLIVER, Prop. Allen's Level, 
Va. 

Essex and Poland China 

pigs from 8 weeks to 4 
mos. oJd, an extra, choice 
lot. Also some choice 
Southdown and Hamp- 
. shiredown Sheep and 
_ S Lambs. For prices ad- 
dress L. G. JONES, Tobaccoville, N. C. 




FAMOUS O. I. C. SWINE. 

Mortgage Lifters— the hog for profit. Excel 
all others tn vigor, health, strength of con- 
stitution, bone and muscle. Large litters, 
large gains, gentle dispositions, grand milk- 
ers, good feeders, thrive In any climate. 
Good ones, 3 months old, for sale. Reg. 
Stock. Prices low for quality. MANSFIELD 
FARM W. ELLIOT HAMMOND, Goochland 
C. H., Va. 



Class Poland Chinas 



Best registered blood. 
Strong-boned, healthy 
pigs, either sex. 4 mo«. 
old, for S7.50, all eligible 
to registry and first 
class. None but good 
ones shipped. 



E. T. ROBINSON, Lexington, Va. 




1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 559 

£*3t3C***3t3C3t3t3t3t*3t3t3t3t^^ 

BILTMORE FARMS, - Biltmore, N. C. 

Headquarters for GOLDENLAD JERSEYS, 

Also Get of TREVARTH and GEN, MARIGO LD. j» * * 

GOLDEN LAD'S SUCCESSOR. First and sweepstakes over all at the Pan-American Exposition, the 
champion JERSEY BULL OF AMEEICA, and out of Golden Ora, our great prize-winning cow, both 
born and developed on these Farms, is among our service bulls. 

Biltmore Jerseys are a combination of large and persistent milking qualities with an individuality 
that wins in the show rin°;. 

SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of the best lot of young bull calves ever offered, both for 
breeding and individuality. They are by noted sires and out of large and tested selected dams.i jMany 
of these calves are fit to show and win in any company.^ 

* * BI LTMORE POULTRYIYARDS. Jt jt 

2 SPECIALTY. Write for descriptive circular of eggs from our prize-winning pens. Over 50 yards to select 

from, made up of the winners at the leading shows for the last t^ro seasons. If you want winnera von 
must breed from winners. 

Headquarters for the best IMPORTED ENGLISH BERKSHIRES. 

apply to BILTMORE FARMS, biltmore, n. c. 




E ggs for hatchin 

The Imperial Fruit and Poultry Farm 

4* 4* I s now booking orders for eggs for hatching from strictly pure, high-class ^* ^ 
*^ **P poultry, at $1.00 for 15 eggs, except duck eggs, which are $1.00 for 13. ^ ^ 



BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS, 

SINGLE COMB WHITE AND S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS, 

SILVER LACED AND WHITE WYANDOTTE, 
MAMMOTH PEKIN DUCKS. 



Satisfaction Guaranteed. Write your name and address plainly. 

P. H. HEYDENREICH, Prop., / .' .' Staunton, Va 



560 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER 



[August, 



N 



RED POLL CATTLE 

Best for Milk, Butter and Beef. 

Poland China Pigs. 
Shetland Ponies. 
Pure-Bred Fowls. 

Arrowhead Stock Farm, 

Charlottesville, Va. 

ORCHARD HILL PURE-BRED 

POLAND CHINA 

Pigs and brood sows for sale. Also a 
fine Guernsey Bull Calf and S. C. B. 
Leghorn Eggs. F. M. SMITH, JR., 
R. F. D., 4, Charlottesville, Va. 

"PERFECTION" 

POLAND CHINA BOAR. 

Handsomest and best tired P. C. Hog In 
Virginia. 14 mos. old, registered, first $30 
gets him. 

Llewellyn Setter Puppies and Duroc Jersey 
Pigs, most fashionable breeding. THE I 
CEDARS P. & S. FARM, Midlothian, Va. 

Poland Chinas 

I have a few very choice Boar pigs for sale. 
All can be registered, and are fashionably 
bred. Sows all sold. J. W. HARVEY, Lind- 
ward, Va. 



u 

AT FARMER'S PRICES. 

S. M. W1SECARVER, - • Rustburg. Va. 

PIT GAMES 

Black Devils and Red Cubans. 

Where they won, Sharon, N. V., 4 out of 8. 
Blue Rock, Pa., 2 out of 3. Clarion, Pa., 8 
straight. Roanoke, Va., 8 out of 9. Akron, 
la., 2 straights. Eggs, $2 per sitting. You as 
trios, quail size, $3. 

THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va. 

Piedmont Poultry Place, 

"Handles notHing but the best." 

We now offer Pure-bred POLAND-CHINA 
Pigs for sale. We will not sell under 8 weeks 
ol<i. Single pig SO; per pair ?10: per trio, ?14. 
Some ready for shipment May 15th. Firsi or- 
ders get best pigs. 

Mist E. Callie Giles, Prop., 
Whittles Depot, Va. 

Fowls For Sale. 

S. C. B. Leghorns, B. P. Rocks, S. C. Black 
Mlnorcas, 75c. each. Must close out my 
business at once. Miss S. M. HITER, Ellls- 
vi lie. Louisa Co.. Va. 



AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION. 
The movement to secure an agricul- 
tural education through the public 
schools of the country is steadily in- 
creasing and from time to time mani- 
fests itself through unusual channels. 
At the recent convention of the Trav- 
elers' Protective Association at Spring- 
field, Illinois, addresses were made on 
this subject and the Association voted 
to present the matter before the Na- 
tional Educational Association at its 
coming annual convention at St. Louis. 
The Travelers' Association passed a 
comprehensive resolution setting forth 
that the stability of our social and 
business condition and the prevention 
of recurring periods of trade depres- 
sion require that the balance of our 
population should be maintained on 
the land as independent home owners 
and producers from the soil and that 
ways should be found and carried out 
for placing upon the land all unem- 
ployed labor and transforming every 
"out-of-work" into the owner of a 
home on the land from which he can at 
all times get a comfortable living with 
his own labor. It was set forth that 
the entire American educational sys- 
tem should be so remodeled as to in- 
duce every child to be a lover of na- 
ture and of the country and to train 
him toward the land as a source of 
livelihood rather than away from it; 
that children should be taught to farm 
as they are now taught in France and 
Denmark in the public schools and 
that farm training schools should be 
established by county, municipal, 
State and national governments. 

The resolution further called atten- 
tion to the great remaining public 
domain in the West as by far the most 
valuable asset of this nation which 
will furnish an outlet for our surplus 
labor during this and coming genera- 
tions, urging that it be reserved for 
real home builders who will farm it 
in small tracts. 

The Association appointed a perma- 
nent Committee on Education, Irriga- 
tion, Forestry and Land, with a mem- 
ber from each State and territory to 
carry out the idea of this resolution. 



3 Thoroughbred Mares 



PREFERS IT TO ANY OTHER 
MADE. 
Waterford, Ky., April 18, 1904. 
Dr. Jos. Haas, 7. S., 

Indianapolis, Ind. 
Dear Sir, — I have been using your 
Hog Remedy for a number of years, 
and prefer it to any other made. It 
has saved me several hogs when my 
neighbors lost theirs. 
Yours truly, 

HARRY COCHRANE. 



THE JOKE BOX. 

Cannibal King: That missionary 
made an awful fuss, didn't he? 

Head Chief: Terrible, sir. His strug- 
gles were frightful. 

Cannibal King: Well serve him as a 
piece de resistance. 



FOR SALE. 

VOLEE, B. M. Foaled 1891, by Volante, 
winner of the American Derby, and son of 
Grinstead and Sister Ann, by imp. Glenelge. 
First dam imp. Lady Trappist, dam of five 
winners, by Trappist; second, Vic by Al- 
bert Victor; third, dam Modena by Parme- 
san, etc. This mare is a winner, and has a 
ch. c. Foaled May 19th by the Great Trial 
winner Chiswick, by imp. Mr. Pickwick — 
Alice Bruce by Fellowcraft. Price of mare 
and colt, $350. 

DEADLESSE. B. M. Foaled 1896, by 
Montfort, son of imp. Mortemer and Revolt, 
by Lexington. First dam, Miss Grace (sister 
to Diablo), by Eolus; second dam, Grace 
Darling, by Jonesboro; third dam, Ninetta. 
by Revenue, etc. This mare has a filly foal, 
which will not be sold, so mare cannot be 
delivered until early in September. Price, 
$300. 

DARTEE, Br. M. Foaled 1900 by imp. 
Water Lever, sire of Isonoriy and Water 
Lily, by Lord Lyon. First dam, Fearnot. by 
Jim Gray; second dam. Fearless, by imp. St. 
Blaise; third dam, imp. Dauntless, by Maca- 
roni, etc. This mare has won races. Price, 
$300. 

All of these mares are fine Individuals, and 
are royally bred, and all have been bred, and 
are believed to be in foal to the young Im- 
ported horse, Aldine, by St. Simon. First 
dam, Ronaldina, by Barcaldine; second dam, 
Lady Ronald, by Lord Lyon; third dam, 
Edith, by Newminster, etc. Address 

WILLSON CHAMBERLAIN, 
R. F. D 2, Charlottesville, Va. 



OAK-HILL FARM. 

SADDLE HORSES, JERSEY 
AND ABERDEEN ANGUS CAT- 
TLE, BERKSHIRE HOGS, 
FOR SALE 

Shipping point Oak-Hill, Va., (Station on farm) 
on D. & W. Ry. 15 miles west of Danville, Va. 
SAM'L HAIRSTON, 

Wenonda, Va. 

ELLERSLIE FARMS'*- 
Thoroughbred Houses 

AND SHORTHORN CATTLE, 

Pure &oratlidown Sheep 
and Berkshire Pigs. 

Fob Sale. R. J. HANCOCK & SON, 
Charlottesville, Va. 

4BULL CALVES 

from 1 to 12 months old from Jersey cows, 
by registered Holstein bull, for sale. In fine 
condition, and have marks and characteris- 
tics of sire. Prices, $15 to $25. Also a 
HACKNEY BROOD MARE of fine qualities 
at $125, and Stallion Colt, 16 mos. old. by 
registered Hackney sire, of perfect form and 
action, and is now nearly as tall as its dam. 
Price, $150. T. P. SHELTON, Jetersville, Va. 

ONE REGISTERED 

HEREFORD BULL 

calf, 10 months old for sale, or will exchange 
for a heifer. 

W. J. HcCANDLESS Brandy Station, Va. 

LIGHT BRAHMAS. 

Pure bred stock from prize winning strains. 
Old and young stock for sale. Hens, $1.50; 
roosters, $2.50; pullets, $1; cockerels, $2.00. 
J. H. FRASER, Cartersville, Va. (Cumber- 
land county). 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



>61 



COTTAGE VALLEY STOCK FARM. 

FINE STOCK 

for sale: low 



7-8 and 15-16 GRADE ANGUS 
BULLS AND HEIFERS from 
6 months to 2 years old. One 
bull calf half Angus and half 
Short-horn. Fine Buck Lambs 
out of Shropshire Ewes by Reg. 
Dorset Buck. Fine family milk 
cows fresh young and gentle. 
One pair splendid 1200 lbs. 
Bay Mares 6 yrs. old, first class 
all round farm teams and very 
good roadsters. Silver Lace 
Wyandotte Cockerels and Pul- 
lets at one dollar each. : 

OlJMrN$&^NS7Saxe7Va. 
ABERDEEN-ANGUS Bull Calves. 

I offer for sale two pure bred bulls of the 
above breed, born Dec. 15, and Jan. 30 re- 
spectively, sired by my registered bull, 
ROCKBRIDGE ABACTOR, No. 40364, and out 
•f pure bred but unregistered cows. The 
Dec. 15 calf Is full brother to one sold last 
■eason to Mr. Beard, of Moffatts Creek, Au- 
gusta county. The other Is out of my larg- 
est cow and very promising. These calves 
will be kept with their dams until nine 
months old. $50 each. 

I have also a fine registered bull calf that 
will be ready for delivery In February. $100. 
No females sold. 

B. F. DAT, Glasgow, Va. 

MONTEBELLO HERD 

ABERDEEN=ANQUS 
CATTLE. 

FOE SALE— Registered Bull calves 
from 3 months ol<', up. 

L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va. 

ROSEDALE HERD 



Aberdeen-Angus Cattle, 

Choice bulls, 4 mos. to 4 yrs. old. Prices as 
low as good breeding will permit. Inspec- 
tion of herd and correspondence Invited. 
ROSEDALE STOCK FARM, Jeffersonton, Va. 



- - ; 



ANGUS & HOLSTEIN CATTLE. 

I Registered and grades, of all age? 
land sexes, and ofchamploD bloo^ 
Ifor the beef and milk strains and 
lut moderate prices Also Nursery 
Ittock of all descriptions. 
.MYBR &. SON, Bridgevllle, Delaware. 



REGISTERED 



Guernsey Bull 

2 1-2 years old for sale, to avoid inbreeding. 
For further particulars, call on or write me 
at 1584 E. Main street, Richmond, Va. C. M. 
BERGH. 



THE LITERARY TALENT OF 
RICHMOND. 

MARY WASHINGTON EARLY. 

Article No. 2. 

Amongst the native authors in 
whom Richmond may justly take pride 
I may mention John R. Thompson, 
who was born in that city in October, 
1823. He received his earlier educa- 
tion at East Haven, Conn., but took 
a later course at the University of 
Virginia, where he graduated in his 
22d year. He also returned there two 
years later and took the degree of 
bachelor of law. During the ensuing 
fifteen years, he was editor of the 
"Southern Literary Messenger," and 
wrote a series of able and discriminat- 
ing reviews, book notices and essays on 
literary subjects. During this period, 
he produced several poems on special 
occasions, and essays in verse which 
were delivered in public. Amongst 
these, I may mention his fine ode on 
the inauguration of the equestrian 
statue of Washington, at Richmond, 
February 22, 1858. 

He also wrote numerous lyrics and 
other short poems and contributed 
largely to several leading periodicals, 
both North and South. His poetry was 
distinguished for polish and correct 
taste, and more than this, it shows 
vitality of feeling. His best known 
and most admired poem, I believe, is> 
"The Battle Rainbow," written just 
after the seven days battle around 
Richmond and founded on the circum- 
stance that on the eve preceding "this 
long week of glory and agony," a vio- 
lent storm took place, succeeded by a 
magnificent rainbow which overspread 
the eastern sky, seeming to define the 
position of the Confederate army as 
viewed from the Capitol in Richmond. 
But, alas for us! This good omen 
proved as illusory as the fabled bag 
of gold tied at the end of the rain- 
bow. 

In addition to his poetical gifts, 
Thompson also possessed an immense 
fund of learning, arc 1 this he drew on 
freely, both in his writings and his 
lectures, though there was no pedantry 
about him. He had the combination 
of gifts that make a fine lecturer, and 
made himself a high reputation in this 
field. I remember well hearing him 
deliver a deeply interesting lecture, 
during cue war, on Edgar Poe, a sub- 
ject he was especially well fitted to 
treat of, both from his personal Inti- 
macy with the illustrious poet, and 
from his fine powers of discernment 
and discrimination. 

John R. Thompson's talents and 
scholarship were (I believe) even 
more highly appreciated in England 
than in this country. He was travel- 
ing abroad to recruit his health when 
the culmination of the civil war ar- 
rived, and he remained a year or two 
thereafter in London, connected with 
the London Herald, and a contributor 
to Blackwood and the Cornhill Maga- 
zine. During the civil war, he was 
the correspondent of "The Index," the 



PLEASANT VALLEY STOCK FARM 

HORTHI 

calves from fine milking stock. 

Yorkshire Pigs 

of prolific breed. 
JAMES M. HOQE, Hamilton, Va. 

REG. SHORT HORN BULL 

FOR SALE 

Solid Red, white tip on switch, calved Octo- 
ber, 1901. Very handsome, large and thrifty. 
Milking family. Immune and acclimated to 
Southside Virginia. Price, $100. Address W. 
F. STEPHENS, Bracey, Va. 

COOK'S CREEK HERD 

SCOTCH -TOPPED 
SHORTHORNS . . . 

Herd Headed by Governor 
Tyler, 158548, 1st prize aged bull at Radford Fair, 
Young Bulla and heifers for sale. Inspection 
and correspondence invited. 

HEATWOLE & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va. 

SHORTHORNBULLSfor.ale.fromSto 

20 mos. old; sired by VERBENA'S CHAMP- 
ION, No. 129881, and ROYAL CHIEF, No. 
185432. Some good POLAND CHINA spring 
pigs and 2 nice fall boars. All stock eligible 
to record. Rare bargains for quick buyers. 

WM. T. THRASHER, Springwood, Virginia, 




-The Woodside= 



Jersey 

Bull Calves and Yearlings 
Richly Bred. 

DAVID ROBERTS, * = Moorestown, N. J. 



Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm 

Han for sale a large num- 
ber of nice young regis- 
tered A. J. C. C. 




JERSEY BULLS 
AND HEIFERS. 



None better bred In the South. Combining 
closely the most noted and up-to-date blood 
in America. Bulls 4 to 6 months old, $25; 
Heifers, same age, $35. POLAND CHINA 
PIGS, $5 each. Send check and get what 
you want. 

T. P. BRASWELL, Prop." Battleboro, N. C. 



A FINE 



Jersey Bull 

for sale. 3 years old and registered; also 1 
yearling and 1 this year's bull calf, entitled 
to registry. 1 DORSET HORNED BUCK 
LAMB. J. B. JOHNSON, Clover Hill Farm, 
Manassas, Va. 



562 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



Confederate organ published in Lon- 
don. 

On his return to this country he set- 
tled in New York, and engaged on 
the staff of "The Evening Post." 

While Richmond has lately shown 
such honor to the memory of her 
adopted son, the distinguished Dr. 
Hunter McGuire, I hope the day is 
not far distant when she will be mind- 
ful of the claims of the gifted John 
R. Thompson, and erect to his memory 
a statue or a shaft, doing homage to 
his talents, his scholarship and his 
high character. 

Speaking of John Thompson re- 
minds me of a Richmond poetess, Miss. 
Susan Archer Talley, and one of more 
than ordinary ability. Although born 
in Hanover county, Va., she was only 
8 years old when her father moved to 
Richmond, and there she grew up, and 
was educated. She lost her hearing 
early in life, but this did not seem to 
interfere with her mental develop- 
ment. At thirteen, she commenced 
writing poetry, and at sixteen, some of 
her poems were published in the 
"Southern Literary Messenger," to 
which journal she contributed for sev- 
eral years. The critics dealt kindly 
with Miss Talley. Griswold gave hei 
unqualified praise, and Poe ranked her 
high, giving imagination as her dis- 
tinctive characteristic. In 1859, she 
published a volume of poems in New 
York. The chief poem in the book, 
"Ennerslie," gives the reader a distinct 
reminder of "The Lady of Shalott." 
There is a uoary tower, grim and high, 
a river gliding by, a lady fair, and 
pale young Lord Ennerslie, all pro- 
ducing an atmosphere resembling that 
of "many towered Camelot." Next to 
"Ennerslie," I believe her most ad- 
mired poems are "Madonna," "Clois- 
tered," "Guy of Mayne," "Rest," and 
"Autumn Rain." She sometimes also 
writes very good short stories in prose. 
Her married name is Mrs. Von Weiss, 
she having married a German. 

The present generation of Richmond 
authors does great credit to that city. 
Miss Ellen Glasgow and Mr. James 
Branch Cabell are, I believe, the most 
prominent of the young authors of 
Richmond, although Mrs. Charles G. 
Bosher, of that city, author of "Bobby" 
and "When Love is Love," is also com- 
ing to the front. Miss Glasgow has 
made her mark as a novelist, while 
Mr. Cabell's specialty lies in charming 
little romances laid in medieval times. 
These are somewhat in the vein of 
Anthony Hope, and do not fall short 
of that writer. Scattered through these 
tales we find delightful little lyrics 
(as, for instance. "The Castle of Con- 
tent,") which prove the existence of 
a vein of poetry in Mr. Cabell. His 
aunt, Mrs. Isa Caben, for many years 
a resident of Richmond, though now 
of Norfolk, is also a person of literary 
talent, and has written quite exten- 
sively for publication. 

Mrs. Burton Harrison, though not a 
native of Richmond, was very much 



Farquhar Pea HulSer No. I 

Hulls all kinds of peas 
and beans from the 
pods. Cleans them 
thoroughly without 
breaking or cracking. 
IJSB ^ ot an experiment or 
a cheap machine made 
just to sell, but a good , 
solid, substantial, 
money making and la- 
borsaving device. Ju?t 
"Whatevery farmer who 
raises peas or beans, no 
matter how small the 
quantity, wants. You 
cannot afford to be 
without one. It will more than save you the cost 
i n one season. Thousands of testimonials. 



m 



FARQUHAR 

Pea Vine Thresher and Shredder No. 5 

Can be run with 8 to 15 H. P. engine. Threshes and 
cleans all kinds of peas and beans from the vines, 
and shreds the vines. Makes valuable shredded 
hay and turns the vines into money that would 
otherwise be wasted. Shells corn from the ear and 
shreds the fodder. Only perfect machine made. 
Don't cut or saw, but shreds the fodder without 
rough sharp edges to make the cattle's mouth sore. 
Shreddingis done with a double cylinder. Machine 
is strong, substantial and well-made throughout. 
Special discounts to introduce the first machine in each locality. Write for particulars and catalogue. 
A. B. FARQUHAR CO., Ltd., YORK, PA. 



SPRING LITTERS. 

We have now coming ready for shipment seven litters of 

LARGE YORKSHIRE PIGS 

All recent experiments place this breed in front, as the best 
and most profitable bacon hog. They will raise 40 per cent more 
pigs and they will grow faster and make more pork in a given 
time than any other breed. 

Also BULLS, YOUNG COWS and HEIFERS from our 
great JERSEY COWS. 

BOWMONT FARMS. Salem, Va. 

Reg. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN 

CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje 

and Artis families. Heavy milkers and rich in butter 

fat. Stock of all ages for sale. 

Rep" BKRKSHIRES From noted strains ; Imported Headlight, Lord 
o* Hio-hn'ure. and Sunrise. 



Highclere and Sunrise. 



DORSET SHEER 



B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS, 

N. & W. and Southern R. R. T. O. SANDY, Burkeville, Va. 



...Jersey and Guernsey Heifers... 

TOR SALE 

Berkshire sows due to farrow in April and May, several boars large euough for 
service, pigs in pairs or trios not akin. 

EGGS FOR HATCHING from Bronze turkeys, Pekin ducks, B. P. Rock 
and Brown Leghorn fowls. A few trios for sale, also a fine lot of Fox Terrier 
puppies by imported Rozanne. 

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va. 



When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the 

SOUTHEBN PLANTEB. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



563 



To Stock Raisers and Dealers. 

I can furnish you on short notice with any number of 

Stock or Breeding Ewes. 

REASONABLE TERMS TO RESPONSIBLE PARTIES. 

Breeding ewes from $2.50 each for a plain class, up to $4.50 each for a fancy, high bred 
black-faced class. Can sell a good, strong, young, serviceable class of Ewes at$3 to $3.50 each. 
I will have during August and September a grand lot of STOCK RAMS, from $7 to $15 each, 
according to age, breeding and quality ; a few fancy yearling Shropshires at* $20 each. 

Write me what you want either in stock sheep or stock and feeding cattle. I can fill 
your order, and will please you. 

Cattle, Sheep, Lambs, Calves and Hogs Sold on Commission. 
HIGHEST MARKET VALUES GUARANTEED. 

Accurate weekly quotations. All consignments receive my strict personal attention. 

Address : p. 0. Box 204. nAnmT P nnSlirTi Successor to 

Pens: Union Stock Yards, Richmond, Va. HI K 5" H S I. KK| fH td n**i n 

Office at Union stock Yards. IIUUL.IM U. LHIHUa.ll, Brauer Cattle Co 




Richmond, Va. 



identified with that city in her youth, 
having received her education there, 
and lived there during the war. 

Richmond has at least a half claim 
to Amelie Rives, she having been born 
in that city in August, 1863, and her 
mother (Miss Sarah McMurdo) having 
been a native and resident of the place. 
Amelie Rives is undoubtedly a writer 
of great versatility, and of tropically 
rich gifts. She has not only made her 
mark as a novelist and writer of short 
stories, but she has also a rich vein of 
talent as a poet and a dramatist. 

Amongst the literati, who though not 
native to Richmond, have taken up 
their residence there and identified 
themselves with the place and people, 
I might mention Captain W. Gordon 
McCabe, one of the prominent educa- 
tors of the South — a man of high schol- 
arship and marked literary talent. 



THE FINEST HEREFORD BULL IN 
VIRGINIA. 
In this issue will be found an ad- 
vertisement offering Lars, Jr., the 
finest Hereford bull in the State for 
sale. He is not only royally bred, but 
has been developed with the best of 
care and attention in the celebrated 
herd of Mr. Murray Boocock. He is in 
the prime of life and good for many 
years' service. We should not like to 
see this bull go out of the State, and 
would urge some of our enterprising 
breeders to avail themselves of the 
opportunity of securing him. He can- 
not fail to be a most profitable invest- 
ment. Look up the advertisement and 
attend to the matter at once, as there 
are certain to be many parties after 
him. 



JUST SO. 
"In some respects rats are much 
wiser than human beings. They — " 
Really he did not look it; but then, 
you know, you can never tell when 
some people are loaded; " — always 
gnaw a good thing when they see it." — 
August Woman's Home Companion. 




Glen Farm 

Importer and Breeder of 

Polled Durham Cattle 

Southdown Sheep 
and Poland China Hogs, 

Polled I urn am s are Short- 
horns with the horns bred 
off. They are all either red 
or roan. Buy a polled Bur- 
ham and lay aside the 
bloody dehorner. 

JOHN S. FUNK. 

Singers Clen, 
RocKingham Co.,Va. 



SUNNY HOME HERD OF 

Aberdeen Angus Cattle 



Mrs. Auger — I can't see why my hus- 
band should be Jealous of me. 

Her Friend — No one can, my dear. 



has been reinforced for sale by the WILLOW OAKS HERD (property of 

Mr. T. B. Fitzgerald, former President of Riverside Cotton MiLs, Danville, Va). 
This herd was founded in 1902 by the purchase of a car load of the best females 
money would buy in Central Illinois. One of our customers writes as follows : 

Union, S. C, June 4, 1904. 
Dear French,— I have been at my farm and have taken several good looks at the two heifers. 
They are beauties, especially Miss dtubbs 2nd. and I am proud of them. Enclosed is my check for 
S 00 In payment for them. The bull, Carolina's Gay Lad, that you sent me last fall is one of the 
finest looking fellows I ever saw— is a daisy. Very truly, W. R. WALKER. 

Mr. Walker owns the largest herd of Angus in South Carolina. We make it a 
point to furnish the above-described sort of cattle. Write for circular and prices to 

A. L. FRENCH, Byrdville, Va. 

Station, Fitzgerald, N. C, on D. & W. Railway, 24 miles from Danville. 

HIGHLAND STOCK FARM. 
PURE-BRED STOCK A SPECIALTY. 

SPECIAL PRICES for. this 'month on 

Shorthorn Cattle, 

POLAN D CHINA PIGS, 

SCOTCH COLLIE PUPS.3^ -^ 

S All Stock Recorded. - Write for Prices. 

% HENRY S. BOWEN. 

£ Witten's Mills, Tazewell Co., Va. 



564 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



MAGAZINES. 

The August Century is in fact as 
well as in name a Midsummer Holiday 
Number, being pervaded with the holi- 
day and outdoor spirit. Bight colored 
insets present Italian villas by Parrish, 
Bermuda submarine life by Knight, an 
old-time croquet party by Miss Betts 
(who made the much-admired color 
drawing, "The Easter Bonnet"), and a 
newly discovered natural bridge by 
Fenn. 

The last of these illustrates a great 
"find," being one of three pictures of 
colossal natural bridges accompanying 
an account by W. W. Dyar of a recent 
discovery in Southeastern Utah, which 
has excited a veritable sensation 
among the few geographers and others 
to whom it has been known. These 
bridges are of much greater propor- 
tions than the Natural Bridge of Vir- 
ginia, and they have not before been 
pictured nor described in print. 

Castaigne, whose pictures of tihe 
Chicago, Paris and Buffalo Expositions 
appeared in The Century, contributes 
a group of drawings of the Louisiana 
Purchase in his usual vivid and pic- 
turesque style. 

"Summer Splendors of the Chinese 
Court" is an illustrated personal nar- 
rative, by Minnie Norton Wood, of a 
reception by the Empress Dowager at 
the summer palace near Peking — the 
summer function of the sort to which 
foreigners have been admitted. 

The number is crowded with holi- 
day features: "The New Coney Is- 
land," by Albert Bigelow Paine, with 
drawings by Yohn; "Visiting in Coun- 
try Houses," by Eliot Gregory, with 
drawings by Charlotte Harding; "The 
Old and Novel Sport of Archery." by 
A. B. Casselman, apropos of the Olym- 
pic Games at St. Louis, illustrated; 
"Lombard Villas," by Edith Wharton, 
with Parrish's pictures; "What Do 
Animals Know?" by John Burroughs. 
Six or seven poems add further to the 
seasonable character of the number. 
There is also a continuation of Andrew 
D. White's anecdotal recollections of 
"Russia in War Time," and a repro- 
duction of Volk's handsome painting, 
"The Belle of the Colony." 

Commencement of a promising new 
serial and the conclusion of B. L. Far- 
jeon's quaintly entertaining "A Com- 
edy in Wax" mark the August St. Nich- 
olas. The new story, which will run 
till November, is "Elinor Arden, Roy- 
alist," from the pen of Mary Constance 
Du Bois, and is said to be based upon 
an actual historical incident. The tale 
deals with a dear little maid and her 
stirrine; adventures in the time of the 
Cavaliers and Roundheads, and has 
many illustrations by Benda. The 
number, too, has the second install- 
ment of the unique Japanese serial, 
"Klbun Daizin, or From Shark-Boy to 
Merchant Prince." by the Japanese 
writer, Gensai Murai. There is an- 
other good story of 'varsity life and 
baseball. "The Out-Curve," by Leslie 
W. Quirk, who has written before, and 



Large English Berkshires. 

BOARS ready for service. 
Pigs ready to ship. Bred Gilts. 

Forest Home Farm, 

Purcellville,Va. 



86 BERKSHIRE PIGS 

now ready for shipment ; 10 to 12 weeks 
old, from directly imported sows or from 
sows of imported blood on both sides '. 
sired by my 4 UNSURPASSED HERD 
HEADER BOARS from N. Benjafield, 
C. Collins Smith, James Lawrence and 
R. W. Hudson all of England. BRED 
SOWS, GILTS and ready-for-service 
BOARS. Prices as low or lower than 
those of any other STANDARD breeders, novices not reckoned. 

THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern' Stock Farm, LEXINGTON, VIRGINIA. 




Duntreath 



" "Bred-in-the-Turple.' 



"The 
Very *Bestr— 

The whole story in 
three nvords ! 



Berkshires . . 



Extra Choice Young Stock now ready for Shipment. 
Large number of Litters of the best English and Ameri- 
can breeding. MONEY CANNOT BUY BETTER! 

DUNTREATH STOCK FARM, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 



We positively guarantee to breed 
and ship the VERY BEST strains of 
thoroughbred registered LARGE 
ENGLISH BERKSHIRE 

Hogs for LESS MONEY than any other 
firm in the U. S., the superiority of our 
stock considered. Send us your order 
and we will satisfy you both in price 
and stock. WALTER B. FLEMING, 

Proprietor of the Bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warreaton, N. C. 




Reg. Poland Chinas and English Berkshires 

FROM THE VERY BEST STRAINS. 
i? ^ Barred and Buff Plymouth Rocks, i? *P 
Homer Pigeons and Pedigreed Belgians Hares. 

I breed nothing but the best and guarantee satisfaction or 
your Money refunded. C. M. REAVES, Mullins, S. C. 



IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE? 



R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., 



If so, list it with us. No sale, no charge. 

Largest list of farms for sale in Virginia. 

Write for Free Catalogue. 

(inc.) Richmond, Virginia. 



1904.] 



THE SOTJTHEKN PLANTEE. 



565 



ANNEFIELD FARMS--^ 

BERKSHIRES ■ HEREFORDS 

PLACE ORDERS NOW FOR SPRING PIGS 

and get choice selections. A few Fall pigs at a bargain 
if sold at once. Prices reasonable. & & & *> & & 



EDWARD Q. BUTLER. 



Briggs, Clarke Co., Virginia. 



I 
always acceptably, for the boys who 
read St. Nicholas. "Stories of my 
Pets," Don the bullfinch, Dick the cat, 
and Lady, a fine saddle horse, recounts 
interesting anecdotes of Helen Har- 
court's pets; and F. B. Hawson, tells 
about "When the Birds Were Our 
Guests," a true and charming inci- 
dent. Not stories, but as interesting 
as fiction, are W. J. Henderson's "A 
Naval Boat Drill" and Charlotte C. 
Parsons' "A Summer Day at Inns- 
bruck." 

A cousin of the President's, Maude 
Roosevelt, is, in the matter of strenu- 
ousness, evidently a disciple of her 
distinguished relative. She contrib- 
utes to the August Lippincott's Maga- 
zine the leading novelette, entitled "So- 
cial Logic." This is naughty enough 
to engross without being naughty 
enough to repel. It is a tale of gay 
New York and gayer Paris as it fol- 
lows the fortunes of two attractive 
girls of good family, but small means, 
who drift together in a boarding house. 
In device and characterization Miss 
Roosevelt shows equal facility and 
feeling. She is at present finishing 
her studies for Grand Opera under 
Marchesi at Paris, and not very long 
ago her name appeared in the James 
K. Hackett theatre company touring in 
America. Such is her versatility! 
The short stories of the month appeal 
both for their variety and liveliness. 
An especially clever and timely tale 
by Eleanor A. Hallowell is called "Old 
Home Week in Bohemia." It makes 
the reader wish he could have been 
one of the rollicking reunion. Seu- 
mas MacManus, sans dialect, is pre- 
eminently fine. His story, "The Sacri- 
fice of Nabla," which is a brilliant ex- 
ample of this style, excels in power 
and pathos. Vincent Harper, a Ca- 
nadian writer, contributes a sprightly 
summer story of Bar Harbor doings 
under the title of "Appendix B." It 
contains an ingenious hit at the pre- 
vailing "appendicitis habit." A little 
story by Emanuel Lissner called "A 
Piute Tragedy — or Comedy" shows 
well-concentrated artistic quality. The 
"summer widowers" and their invisi- 
ble wives should not fail to read Mary 
Moss' acute tale called "Marooned." 
It might be labelled "Cure for Heart- 
ache — if taken in time." The Baroness 
von Hutten's third appearance In 



Bacon Hall Farm. 

Hereford Cattle -:- Berkshire Hoes 

REGISTERED-ALL AGES. 

Toulouse Geese, fluscovy Ducks. 

MOTTO: Satisfaction or no sale. 

E. M. GILLET & SON; = Glencoe, Haryland. 
a 1 1 



w^wwi— »» 



ROSEMONT HEREFORDS. 

SttSSSs ACROBAT 68460, 

Choice young stock for sale at all times. Visitors welcome. 
Gome and inspect the oest herd in the South 



ROSEflONT FARM. Berryville, Clarke Co., Va. WJHBi 




HEREFORD CATTLE. 



MURRAY B00C0CK 

KESWICK, VA. 




GLENBURN 
FARM 



BERKSHIRES 



This herd Is composed of four royally bred, 
imported sows, and an imported boar from 
the celebrated herds of Mr. Fricker and Mr. 
Hudson, England, and selected American 
bred animals from Biltmore and other noted 
herds. Dr. J. D. KIRK, Importer and 
Breeder, Roanoke, Va. 



THE - OAKS - STOCK. - FARM. 

A. W. HARMAN, Jr.. Treasurer State of 
Virginia, Prop. Richmond, Va. 

We breed and ship the FINEST STRAINS of 

Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES 



for leas money than any firm In the South, qnal 
ity considered. Every pig shipped possesses J 
individual merit Pedigree furnished with all j; 
stock. Kill or sell your pcrubs and buy hogs yl 
that will pay. For prices and description, address 
ALEX. HARMAN, Mgr.,Lexington, Va. 




Mike — Are ye much hurted, Pat? Do 
ye want a docthor 

Pat— A docthor, ye fule! Afther 
bein' runned over by a trolley car? 
Phwat oi want is a lawyer. 



WANTED, 

A mahogany, carved Post Tester Bed. Ad- 
dress, with price, "M.," Box 485, Richmond, 
' Va. 



568 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August. 



State College, Pa. Bulletin 67. 
Variety Tests of Wheat. 

South Carolina Experiment Station, 
Clemson College, S. C. Bulletin 
88. Sorghum as a Syrup Plant. 
Bulletin 89. Sanitary Conditions in 
the Home and on the Farm. 

South Dakota Experiment Station. 
Brookings, S. Dak. Bulletin 83. 
Millet for Fattening Swine. 
Bulletin 86. Fattening Range 
Lambs. 

Virginia Department of Agriculture, 
Richmond, Va. Quarterly Bulle- 
tin, May, 1904. Analysis of Fer- 
tilizers. 

Virginia Weather Service, Richmond, 
Va. Report for June, 1904. 

Imperial Department of Agriculture 
for West Indies, Barbadoes, W. I. 
Manurial Experiments with Sugar 
Cane. 



GETTING RID OF HOUSEHOLD 
PESTS. 

Rats and Mice — Peppermint sprigs 
laid around shelves and places these 
pests frequent will drive them away. 
Chloride of lime sprinkled about is 
also effective. 

Ants and Roaches — Powdered borax 
scattered in their haunts is a "sure 
cure." One teaspoonful of tartar 
emetic mixed with one teaspoonful of 
sugar, and put where ants are trouble- 
some, will drive them away in a day. 

Fleas — These may be driven away 
by scattering either lime or cayenne 
pepper in the places which they fre- 
quent. Oil of pennyroyal is also good. 

Moths — These may be prevented by 
the use of moth-balls, or bags made of 
crushed lavender and lemon-verbena 
with clover and other pungent spice. 
Powdered borax, camphor and cedar 
dust are all effective. 

Flies and Mosquitoes — The best 
preventive is tight screens and con- 
stant vigilance. Mosquitoes dislike 
lavender and green walnut. Fly paper 
is made as follows: Take equal parts 
of melted resin and castor oil, and 
spread while warm on strong, thick 
paper. Or use four ounces of quassia 
chips boiled in one pint of water. 
When cold strain, then add water to 
make one pint, and two ounces of 
alcohol. Sweeten with sugar, and 
pour in saucers. 

bugs— Use turpentine, corrosive 
sublimate, etc., but the surest method 
is to fumigate with sulphur. — August 
Woman's Home Companion. 



HIS INQUIRY. 

"The wife of that feller that just 
sung the sailor song," whispered the 
landlord of the Pruntytown tavern to 
the drummer who had accompanied 
him to the home talent entertainment 
in the village theatre, "is suing him 
for divorce." 

"That so?" was the reply. "Has she 
any other grievance besides his sing- 
ing?" — August Woman's Home Com- 
panion. 



St Hlbans 




Situated on a 

Sunny Headland 

above the 

Banks of New Rivek, 

IN THE 

Blue Grass Region 
of Virginia 



Prepares Boys 

FOR UNIVERSITY OR 
FOR BUSINESS^^uS?-^ 

send for annual catalogue, in which is 
published "plan of st. albans school." 

Address, W. H. RANDOLPH, 

Head Master, 

Radford, - - - Virginia. 





Broad & 9th) Sts., RICHMOND, VA. 

Commercial, Stenographic. Telegraphic and Eog. Depts. Ladles & gentleroeo- No vacations. 
"It Is the leading Business College south of the Potomac River." --Phila. Stenographer. 
"When I reached Richrnood, I inquired of several business rnen for the best Business College 
In the city. and. without exception, they all recommended Stnithdeal's as the best "—w. 
E. Ross, Law Stenographer, Richmond. Bookkeepiog. Shorthand, Writing, taught by mall. 



CHARTERED 1870. 



MERCHANTS 



BANE 



OF RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 

CAPITAL, - $200,000.00. 

SURPLUS, - $300,000.00. 

UNDIVIDED PROFITS, - $361,000.00. 

Depository of the United States, State of Virginia, City of Richmond. 

Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, we 

3fier superior facilities for direct and quick collections; accounts solicited. 

JNO. P. BRANCH, PreB. JNO. K. BRANCH, Vice-Pres. JOHN F. GLENN, Cash 

Assistant Cashiers; J. R. PERDUE, TH08. B. McADAMS, GEO. H. KEESEE. 




A Washing Machine is as great a. necessity in the house as a wringer 

The Majestic Rotary Washer 

has too many good points for explanation in an 
advertisement. Yourname on a postal card will 
bring our booklet, with full particulars of our 
oix different machines and how to get them. One 
of them will certainly please you. All are made 
with electrically welded wire hoops sunk in 
grooves — our patent. Being the largest manufac- 
turers of woodenware in the world, we can make 
better machines for the money than any one else. 
If you want a machine that washes, buy one of 
ours. 

THE RICHMOND CEDAR; WORKS, Richmond, Va. 



3 904.] 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



569 



IMPROVING RURAL DELIVERY. 

Only within a few years have some 
of us heard of Rural delivery the first 
time. Now it is in operation all over 
the country, and people are heard to 
say: "Why did we not have it long 
ago? We could not do without it." 

Great as is the blessing of rural de- 
livery, yet it could be improved. When 
it was first introduced we were told 
that each mail box would be a private 
post-office, and this is the idea exactly. 
Why cannot every mail box be num- 
bered and a number be placed there- 
on, just as the boxes are numbered in 
a postoffice. The only reason it has 
not been done before this, is that we 
have thought the mail man the only 
one to be benefited thereby; but this a 
false idea, for the advantages would be 
great to the resident as well as to the 
carrier. It is much easier to remem- 
ber a number than a name, much more 
to remember a dozen names, as is ne- 
cessary in the case of Farmer Taylor, 
with his wife, his ten sons and daugh- 
ters, his two hired hands, and the 
cook. But think of it, this is only one 
among the scores of families that live 
on a single rural route. It is claimed 
by some that this numbering system 
would be impracticable, but why 
should it be? Suppose that your box 
is No. 42, on route No. 3, the address 
could be written thus: R. Route No. 3 
— 42. What could be easier than this? 
In case the number is omitted in the 
address, the mail man could look on 
his indexed list and see at once, to 
which box the mail belongs. Not only 
would the adoption of this numbering 
system (1) greatly lessen the care on 
the mail man, but also (2) it would 
make the proper delivery of the mail 
doubly sure; (3) it would lessen great- 
ly the amount of writing necessarily 
contained in the address; (4) it would 
render it possible for persons to ad- 
vertise and correspond without the 
embarrassment of having their names 
appear in public print, besides con- 
ferring other benefits, the value of 
which we cannot now realize. 

Is this a false theory, or is it sound 
doctrine? Whichever it be, is it not 
worthy of the attention of those who 
have the management of the R. F. D. 
system in hand? "Three's." 



MR. J. T. DUNN IS NOW WITH MR. 
ASHTON STARKE. 
Mr. J. T. Dunn, who was formerly 
with the Farmers' Supply Company, 
and more, recently with the Richmond 
Buggy and Wagon Company, has con- 
nected himself with the Ashton Starke 
Implement House, 1422 E. Main street, 
Richmond, Va., where he will be 
pledged to see and serve his friends. 



Hostess — Won't you sing something 
for us, Miss Screecher? 

Miss Screecher — Why, er, most of the 
guest« have gone home, have they not? 

Hostess — Yes; but some of them 
seem inclined to stay here all night. 



Best Maofeln^ 




Farmers who have used the 

Improved Low Down Pennsylvania 
Force Feed Fertilizer Grain Drill 

will use no other kind. The general verdict is 
that it is the best machine on the farm, ^ladein 
various sizes with either hoe or disc. We will send 
you FREE a special hook telling all about it and 
what it has done to make better paying crops. 
Adapts itself to all conditions. Address 

A. B. FARfJUHAR CO., Ltd.. York, Pa. 



SUCCESS ^ Manure Spreader 



Leads every other machine for 
the mechanical spreading of 
manure. Its superiority ap- 
pears in the fact that it is a dis- 
tinct improvement on the Kemp 
Spreader, which we still manu- 
cture and which has been the typi- 
Spreader for 25 years. Spreads 
manures of every character and 
condition and all commercial fertil- 
izers. Pulverizes and spreads evenly, thick or thin, broadcast or drills in rows, any desired quantity per acre, unloading the 
largest load in 3 to 5 minutes; apron automatically returns to position in the next 65 feet driven. 

A SPECIAL FEATURED MACHINE 

for convenience of handling and perfection of work. Notably superior in its Beater Freeing device.Direet Chain 
Beater Gear, Speed Regulation and Automatic Return of Apron. Positive and dependable in all movements. Sim- 
plest in gear, lightest in draft, least chance for breakage. The driver never dismounts for any purpose but con- 
trols everything from his seat. Made in four sizes and sold under strongest guarantee as to materials, workman- 
ship and duty. Investigate fully before buying. Catalogue with valuable chapter on farm fertilizing mailed free- 
KEMP <S. BURPEE MANUFACTURING CO. BOX - 5. SYRACUSE, N. V- 




Matfs for the Man 
, Who Wants thi 
Best. 



The Endless Apron Breat Western 




<9PRFAn<> andpplyerfizesall kinds of ma* 



nure, fresh, well rotted, mixed, full 
of straw or cornstalks, sheep manure. No matter 
how tough, we guarantee our spreader to 
spread it so evenly that one load will do 
more good than three spread by hand. End* 
less Apron is always ready to load. No 
i turning back after each load is spread. 
I Front wheels cut under and machine can 
be turned in its DETPHI ITCH while in 
own length. nCUULA i LU motion 

to spread thick or thin. Our non-bnncbable rake holds all largechunks on top of beater until they are thoroughly pul- 
verized. Combined Hood and End Gate keeps manure away from beaterwhileloading and acts as wind hoodin spreading. 
I IPUTCOT IIDICT everproducedonamanurespreadeT.becausefrontandrearwheelstrackandtheloadisnearlyequal- 
LIUniL.01 UnArl lybalancedon front and rear axles which brings load up close to horses. Made In 4 sizes: 30, 
BO, 70 and lOO bushels capacity. Inquire of your dealer or send to us for catalogue. 

SMITH MANURE SPREADER CO. 16 & 18 SOUTH CLINTON ST. CHICAGO, ILL. 




After all, the, best most reliable, most efficient and in the end the cheapest power is 

steam. Wind is whimsical and unreliable; water power can only be used a few months 

each year at best : gasoline powers are out of order more than half the time and elec- 

- ~ ~;F'x trie current itself depends on steam po.ver. The sure power is a 



This outfit is detached— boiler mounted on skids and engine on sepa- 
rate base. Engine can go on either side of boiler and any reason- 
able distance away. Large or small pulley and belt on either end 
of engine shaft. A highly efficient, quick steaming, high power 
developing outfit. Suited to any work, any fuei, anywhere. We 
make many otherkinds and styles of Leffel engines and boilers. 
Book "Power Economy and Efficiency," tree. ASHTON STARKE, 
James Leffel & Co., Box 134, Spnngfield, Ohio. Richmond 'va. 



..ELM WOOD NURSERIES.. 



— WE ARE GEOWEBS AND OFFER A FINE ASSORTMENT OF 

APPLES, PEACHES, PEARS, CHERRIES, PLUMS, APRICOTS, NECTA- 
RINES, GRAPEVINES in large assortments, GOOSEBERRIES, CURRANTS, 
STRAWBERRIES, HORSE-RADISH, ASPARAGUS, DEWBERRIES, and 
an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment ORNAMENTAL and 
SHADE TREES, ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS and HEDGE PLANTS. 

EGGS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $1.00 per 
13. Also a few pullets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for im- 
mediate delivery. Write for Catalogue to 

J B. W ATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va. 



570 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



AMERICAN BREEDERS' ASSOCIA- 
TION. 

The general chairman of the mem- 
bership committee of the American 
Breeders' Association, Mr. Eugene D. 
Funk, Bloomington, Illinois, is pro- 
gressing with his campaign for a large 
membership for that new organization. 
The State chairmen in the various 
States, and other State committeemen, 
are inviting tuousands of animal breed- 
ers, plant breeders, scientists interested 
in heredity and evolution, and others 
who are interested in plant and animal 
improvement to become members. The 
secretary, Prof. W. M. Mays, St. An- 
thony Park, Minnesota, to whom all re- 
mittances are made, reports daily vt, 
sponses in the way of remittances for 
membership. Some have expressed the 
belief that the annual membership at 
$1.00 is too low. A number of life- 
memberships at $20.00 have been re- 
ceived, among them one from Philip 
de Vilmorin, head of the great seed 
house of Paris, France, and another 
from the Zoological Laboratory, Na- 
ples, Italy. A number of annual for- 
eign memberships at $2.00 have also 
been received. 

Animal breeders especially commend 
the proposed scheme of a directory of 
breeders, showing classes of live stock 
and plants for sale by breeders, and 
showing specialties of scientists in- 
terested in breeding. Physicians and 
teachers are taking an interest in this 
association, that they may know more 
about the general subject of heredity. 

There is a wide range of interests 
represented by those who join this new 
association. Not only is the number 
of breeders of different kinds of ani- 
mals in America increasing, but the 
field crops and many of the horticul- 
tural crops are being taken up by 
breeders who are improving them by 
systematic breeding. The work of the 
experiment stations and the U. S. De- 
partment of Agriculture is especially 
effective in reducing breeding to more 
of a science. 



THE DIFFERENCE. 



"Far as I can learn," said the Prun- 
tytown philosopher, with his usual 
raspishness, "the only difference — ex- 
cepting, of course, in the size of their 
bills — between the fashionable city 
physician, with several mysterious in- 
itials after his name, and the plain, 
everyday village doctor, who is com- 
monly called 'Doc,' and swaps horses 
on the side, is that the former diag- 
noses your malady and the latter sim- 
ply tells you what's the matter — that 
is, you s'pose they do." — August Wo- 
man's Companion. 



She — And are you really so much 
better since you returned from your 
trip abroad? 

He — Yes, indeed! I'm quite another 
man, I assure you. 

She — Well, I'm sure all your friends 
will be delighted to hear it. 




"ELI" Against the Field. 



It leads in power, in speed, in safety, in convenience and ease 
of operation and makes oompactest and shapeliest bales. 

HAY BALER WITH A RECORD, 

the pride of shippers. Steel or Wood, Horse or Steam Power. 
Such automatic features as self-feeding, block placing, hay 
condensing, bell ringing, etc. <S8 styles and sizes. Get free Eli catalog 

COLLINS PLOW COMPANY, 185 Hampshire St., Quincy, ills. 




EDGEW00D STOCK FARM g&g™ 

You men in the early lamb business need Dorset blood. No 
iamb grows like a grade Dorset. Grade Dorset ewes will lamb 
in December. 

One cross will bring results. Try a Dorset ram. Our fall 
lambs are beauties. Write us or come to see them. 

J. D. and H. B. ARBUGKLE, Maxwelton, Greenbrier, Co., W. Va. 



x QSMONT DORSETS 8 



x 



CISMONT STOCK FARM offers well developed young 
Dorsets of the best blood of England and America. 



X Prices Reasonable. 



G. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va. 



X 
X 
X 
X 
X 



ORGANIZED 1832. 



ASSETS, $932,050.00. 



Virginia Fire and Marine 

Insurance Company, of Richmond, Va. 

Insures Against Fire and Lightning. 

All descriptions of property in country and town, private 

or public, insured at fair rates, on accommodating terms. 

AGENCIES IN EVERY TOWN AND COUNTY. 

W. H. PALflER, President. W. M. ncCARTHY, Secretary. 



********** ***** 4 ttr**3t**3r******3t**^^ *******3t*3r**3 




Howare Your Eyes? 



We are the largest optical establishment South, and give proper adjustment 
of SPECTACLES and EYE GLASSES. Complete manufacturing plant on the 
premises. Mail us the pieces and we will, from them, duplicate your Glasses. 
Glasses by mail our specialty. 



Our PHOTO DFPAR1M 



is also complete with CAMERAS, KO- 
DAKS and PHOTO SUPPLIES, devel- 
oping and printing finely executed. 



Our line of OPERA GALSSES, FIELD OLASSES, Incubator and Dairy 
THERMOMETERS, etc. , etc , is also complete. Lowest charges in all cases. 



1 lilt I GhLESKI OPTICAL GO., 1 Id Hi 8IL Mill, \l 



1904.T 



THE SOUTHS EN PLANTER 



571 



A. C. SINTON, President, 



R. R. GWATHMEY, Vice-President, 



J.J. SUTTON, Secretary, 



ESTABLISHED 1840. 




The WATT PLOW CO., 

15th & Franklin and 14th & Main Sis., Richmond, Va. v < 

Agricultural Implements, 
Machinery, Vehicles and 
Harness. ^ ^ «* *& 



INCORPORATED 1893. 




PSBRLESS ENGINE. 



THE BUFFALO PITTS 4LL-STEEL, SPRING- 
FLEXIBLE, DISC HARROW. 





GEISER SEPARATOR. 



BEMENT IMPROVED WEEDER. 




ALL STYLES OF BUGGIES. 



A full stock alwayB on hand, and prompt 
shipments guaranteed. South Bend, Dixie 
and Farmer's Friend Plows and repairs. The 
Hancock Rotary Disc Plow, warranted to go 
In the ground where all others fall. 

A large and complete stock of open and 
top buggies, surreys and spring, wagons. 
Fish, Weber and Columbus two-horse Farm 
Wagons. Champion and Hickory one-horse 
Wagons. John Deere and Continental Disc 
Cultivator. Roderick Lean Land Rollers. 

Hocking Valley Feed Cutters, Cyclone 
Shredders, Smalley Feed Cutters, Daln Corn 
Cutters. Equal to any made. Staver Buck- 
eye Feed Mill and Horse Power Combined. 

Whitman All-Steel, full circle Hay Presses. 
George Ertel Company's full circle Hay 
Presses. Rapid Fire Horse Power Hay Press, 
for one horse, a good, cheap press. Will put 
up from 150 to 200 bales a day. The well 
known Mlnnlch Hand Baling Presses. 

Hocking Valley Wine and Cider Mills. 
Hard wood rollers. The best mill made. 

Hocking Valley Corn Shellers, for hand or 
power. Smalley Electric Pole and Wood 
Saws, for steam or horse power. Peerless 
Engines and Saw Mills always In stock. 
Several good second-hand Engines and other 
second-hand machinery for sale. "Pittsburgh 
Perfect" fencing, electrically welded. Barb 
Wire, Plain Galvanized Wire. Baling Wire, 
and Bale Ties. Continental Disc Harrows, 
Buffalo Pitts and Lean Spike Harrows. 

A full line of Planet Jr., Garden Tools. 

We will be glad to mail you a copy 
of our new catalogue. 




EXTENSION TOP SURREY. 




FISH AND WEBEE WAGONS. 




^ 



FIREFLY GARDEN PLOW. 




COMBINED CULTIVATOR, AND HORSE HOE. 



SOUTH BEND PLOW. 



THE WATT PLOW CO., 

15th and Franklin and 14th and Main Streets - - RICHMOND, VA 



72 



THE SOUTHS EN PLANTER 



[August, 



AS TO ADVERTISING. 
If you toot your little tooter and then 

lay aside your horn, 
In ten short days there's not a soul 

will know that you were born; 
The man who gathers pumpkins is 

the man who plows all day, 
And the man who keeps a-humping is 

the man who makes it pay. 
The man who advertises with a short 

and sudden jerk 
Is the man who blames the editor be- 
cause it didn't work; 
The man who gets the business has a 

long and steady pull, 
And keeps his ad a a-running from 

week to week quite full. 

He plans his advertising in a thought- 
ful sort of way, 

And keeps forever at it until he makes 
it pay; 

He has faith in all the future, can 
withstand a sudden shock, 

And, like the man of scripture, plants 
his business on a rock. 

If he can't write good copy, he em- 
ploys a man who can, 

And the other fellow in his line is 
classed as "also ran." 

You can't fool people always — they've 
been a long time born, 

And most folks know the man is slow 
who tooteth not his horn. 



A $75,000.00 PRIZE. 

Some public spirited men in St. 
Louis, to promote interest in the great 
World's Fair which c>pens in May, have 
organized a contest which is open to 
everyone in the world, as to the num- 
ber in attendance at the fair. 

A facsimile letter from the treas- 
urer of the Missouri Trust Co., of St. 
Louis, in the possession of the publish- 
er of this paper: 

"Certifies that the World's Fair 
Contest Company, incorporated, has 
this day deposited with this company 
$75,000.00 in gold for the payment of 
the awards in its contest on a total 
paid attendance at the Louisiana Pur- 
chase Exposition, 1904, and that such 
deposit is held in trust by this com- 
pany, to be paid by it to such success- 
ful contestants as the Committee of 
Awards may direct." 

The judges and other officials of the 
contest are men who are high in finan- 
cial and business circles, and men who 
are prominently connected with the 
fair as officers, and also directors and 
officials in prominent banking insti- 
tutions in St. Louis. 

It is quite an interesting contest, and 
we suggest that any of our readers in- 
terested write to the World's Fair Con- 
test Co., for full information, address- 
ing your letters to St. Louis, U. S. A. 



"Your husband," said Mrs. Oldcastle, 
"seems to be so altruistic." 

"Yes, I know it. But Josiah always 
was a great hand to overeat, and I 
think that must be what gives it to 
him." 



ROOFING 



OF ALL KINDS. * 



Painted Corrugated Roofing, Painted V. Crimp 
Roofing, Roofing Tin in boxes or roils, Tarred 
Roofing Felt, Perfected Granite Roofing. V V 




Send us the DIMENSIONS OF YOUR ROOF, stating 
KIND OF ROOFING wanted, and we will quote you on sufficient 
quantity to cover it. 



You can ADD YEARS to the life of your roof by painting 

Magnet Red Roofing Paint. 

1 gallon will cover 21 squares. Can furnish in any size package, 
1 gallon up. Only the very HIGHEST GRADE material enters 
into the manufacture of this paint. Write for prices. 



We also carry a complete stock of Conductor Pipe and Gutter, Solders and Metals; Galvanized and 

- Black Sheet Iron, etc. : 

Southern Railway Supply Company, 

132 3 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA 

The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway 

Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and 
THROUG1 ITS CONNECTIONS.... 

THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis, 

Sandusky and Cleveland ; 
THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus; 
THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima 
and Dayton — 

FORMS THE MOST DIRECT And H r™ S^MS" ROUTE. 

To SVAUNTON, LYNCHBURG, CHARLOTTESVILLE, 
RICHDIONIi, PETER BURG, NORFOLK, 
And Principal Virginia Poiwts. 

H. W. FULLER, Gen. Pass. Agt. C. & 0. Ry., Washington, D. C. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



573 



s The American Field Fence 



is even less than barb wire or wood 
and when erected is practically ever- 
lasting. Furnished in various heights 
and styles. 

Write for special catalogue and 
prices. 



is the most economical fence 
that can be erected. Its cost 
55 INCH. 




THE THOMAS DISC GRAIN DRILL will drill perfectly WHEAT, OATS, 
CORN, PEAS and BEANS as well as grass seed of all kinds. With or with- 
out fertilizer attachment. 




OHIO FEED CUTTERS for hand or 
power. A comparison with others will 
convince you it is the strongest, sim- 
plest and best made. The power ma- 
chines are furnished with blower or 
carrier if so wanted. Prices very low. 

SINGLE AND DOUBLE CIDER MILLS 



V CRIMP STEEL ROOFING. The 
most economical roof made. Does not 
require a carpenter to put it on. Fur- 
nished in all lengths from 5 to 10 feet 
long. 



WOOD'S PATENT SWING CHURN. 
The quickest and cleanest butter maker 
known. The frame is made of Hol- 
low Steel Pipe, very light and strong, 
and easily forms a useful table. The 
churns are furnished of either wood 
or heavy tin. 

THE EMPIRE 
CREAM SEP- 
ARATOR should 
be on every farm 
where three or 
more cows are 
kept. It will save 
its cost many 
times in one year. 
It is the simplest 
one ever man- 
uf ac tured and 
can be c le a n e d 
without trouble to 
any one. Write 
us for particulars . 




All sizes and capacities at low prices. 



BIRDSELL STEEL SKEIN FARM WAGONS, MITCHELL FARM WAGONS, BUGGIES, CARRIAGES, HAR- 
NESS, ROBES, BARB AND PLAIN WIRE, POULTRY NETTING AND LAWN FENCING, CORN SHELLERS, 
FEED CUTTERS, GRAIN DRILLS, WOOD SAWS, MOWERS, BINDERS, HAY RAKES. 

All kinds of Agricultural Implements and Machines. Catalogue mailed free. 

THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va. 



574 



THE SOUTHEM PLANTER. 



[August, 



EXTERMINATING MOTHS. 
The most effectual method of ren- 
dering a house moth-proof is thorough 
spring and fall cleaning. Two of the 
arch-enemies of moths are cleanliness 
and light. Attics and storage-rooms 
require light and ventilation. The 
cedar chest or closet ranks first as a 
preventive. Moth balls are efficacious, 
but one prefers the moth almost. Furs, 
especially, fascinate moths. The pre- 
liminary step is a thorough combing 
with a dressing comb; next, beat well, 
and air in the sunshine; next, sprinkle 
with gum camphor, cedar dust or to- 
bacco leaves. Place the furs in paper 
sacks, turn the edges over, and paste 
down with a strip of muslin. Printers' 
ink is obnoxious to moths. Balls of 
cotton wadding saturated in oil of 
cedar are effectual in trunks. Remem- 
ber this, oil stains. Carpets, if infest- 
ed, must come up, be beaten and clean- 
ed. Wash the floor with benzine, then 
sprinkle with cayenne pepper. Tack 
down the carpet, and sponge with a 
solution of one quart of water to one 
tablespoonful of turpentine, changing 
the water frequently. A preventive is 
to press every inch of the edge of the 
carpet, first dampening, then pressing 
with a hot iron. Lay a damp towel 
on the carpet, over this a paper to re- 
tain the steam, then iron. Steam de- 
stroys. — August Woman's Home Com- 
panion. , 



A sentry, an Irisman, was on post 
duty for the first time at night, when 
the officer of the day approached. He 
called: 

"Who comes there?" 

"Officer of the day," was the reply. 

"Then what are yez doin' out at 
night?" asked the sentry. — London 
Fun. 



Hewitt — So we have hugged the 
same girl. 

Jewitt — Yes, I suppose she looks 
upon us as members of the associated 
press. 



"Br'er Thomas, you spends 'bout 
half yo' time cussin' out de devil." 

"Well, ain't dat right? What you 
'spect me ter do?" 

"Take a recess, en praise de Lawd 
some!" 



Magistrate: Have I not seen you 
twice under the influence of liquor? 

Prisoner: If you were in that condi- 
tion, your honor, probably you did see 
me twice. 



Police Captain — So you shot the dog. 
Was he mad? 

Officer Grogan — No, sor; but th' led- 
dy thot owned him was. — Epworth 
Herald. 



"Daddy's in jail fer moonshinin'," 
explained the Georgia youngster, "but 
he's got terbacky, religion, an' his ole 
time fiddle!" 



Best for medicinal usi 

Your physician will tell you that you should always have some good whiskey in the 
house. For accidents, fainting spells, exhaustion, and other emergency cases, it relieves 
and revives. But you must have good whiskey, pure whiskey, for poor whiskey, adulterated 
whiskey, may do decided harm. HAYNEE WHISKEY is just what you need for it goes 
direct from our own distillery to you, with all its original strength, richness and flavor, 
carrying a UNITED STATES REGISTERED DISTILLER'S GUARANTEE of PUR- 
ITY and AGE and saving the dealers' enormous profits. We have over a quarter of a 
million satisfied customers, exclusively family trade, who know it is best for medicinal 
purposes and prefer it for other uses. That's why YOU should try it. Your money back if 
you ar~ not satisfied. 

Direct from our distillery to 

Saves Dealers' Profits ! Prevents Adulteration I 

mm WHISKEY 

PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE 

4 FULL $2:20 EXPRESS 
QUARTS 3 PREPAID 

We will send you FOUR FULL QUART BOTTLES Of H-M^TER'S SEVEN- 
YEAR-OLD RYE for $3.20, and we will pay the express cflPfees. Try it and 
if youdon't find it all right and as good as you ever used or can buy from 
anybody else at any price, send it back at our expense and your $3.20 will be 
returned to you by next mail. Just think that offer over. How could it be 
fairer? If you are not perfectly satisfied you are not out a cent. Better let us 
send you a trial order. If you don't want four quarts yourself, get a friend to 
join you. Shipment made in a plain sealed case with no marks to show what's 
inside. 

Orders for Ariz., Cal., Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev., N.Mex., Ore., Utah, Wash, 
or Wyo. must be on the basis of 4 Quarts for S4.00 by Express 
Prepaid or SO Quarts for S16.00 by Freight Prepaid. 

Write our nearest office and do it NOW. 

THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY 



ATLANTA, GA. 



151 



DAYTON, OHIO 
Distillery, Tboy, O. 



ST. LOUIS, MO, 



ST. PAUL, MINN 



Established 1866. 




S THE Jt 



SEABOARD 



PROFITABLE 



AIR LINE RAILWAY 

OFFERS THE MANUFACTURER, 

THE STOCK RAISER, 
THE DAIRYMAN, 

INVESTMENTS THE FRUIT qrowER, 

TO-. **- THE TRUCKER. 

WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN. 

Would * country where work can be carried on the entire year and wher« 
large profits can be realized Interest you? 

The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and e 
region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome Illustrated 
literature descriptive of the section. 

t J. B. WHITE, EDW. W. COST, CHARLES B. RYAN, 

Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va. Traffic Mgr. Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Vs. 



r 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



575 



HCHXHXH><XHW<HKHKHWHCHMK^^ 



THISTLE 




BRAND 



LAIDLAW'S 

Concentrated Tobacco Powder, 
Sheep Dip and Cattle Wash. 



A SURE CURE FOR THE EXTERMINATION OF 



Scab and Tick in Sheep. Lice on Horses and Cattle. 

Lice on Hogs. Mange on Dogs. 



Kills all vermin. Allays all irritation. Promotes growth of wool. Makes animal feel well and take on flesh. 

ABSOLUTELY NON-POISONOUS. 

PRICES: 5-lb.bag, 75c; 10-lb. bag, $1.25; 25=lb. bag, $2.60; 50-lb. bag, $5.00. 

One 50-lb. bag makes 500 gallons Dip for Scab, and 1000 gallons for Tick, etc. 

SOLE MANUFACTURERS, 

LAIDLAW, MACKILL & CO., Limited, Richmond, Va., U. S. A. 

To be Had at all Leading Drug Stores. 



GROCERIES FOR FAMILY USE 

A few articles quoted below will convince you that for cash you can live cheaply by dealing with us. 
We have a complete line of groceries, feed and liquors. Should you need anything not quoted here, 
write for prices. These prices are subject to changes in the market. We charge 10c. per gallon extra 



for jugs. Our goods guaranteed to be first-class 

prices f. o. b. here. 

Granulated Sugar, per lb 5c. 

Arbuckle's Coffee, per lb 11 Jc. 

Best Meal, per peck, 18c; or, per bushel 70c. 

Pride of Richmond Flour, per sack, 35c; or. per bbl. .$5.40 

Daisy Flour, per sack, 33c; per bbl 5.25 

Good Green Coffee, per lb 9c. 

Best Salt Pork, per lb 10c. 

Good Salt Pork, per lb 7c. & 9c 

Best Butcher's Lard, per lb 10c 

Good Lard, 3 lbs. for 25c. 

Green, Black and Mixed Tea, per lb 35c, 40c. & 50c. 

Best Cheese, per lb 12 Jc. 

Best Cut Herrings, 3 dozen for 25c 

Best Roe Herrings, per dozen 18c 

Heavy Bright Syrup, per gallon 35c 

Best Genuine N. O. Molasses, per gallon 60c 

Good Dark Molasses, per gallon 25c & 35c 

Soaps, 8, 7, 6, 10 and 11 bars for 25c. 

Large Cans Tomatoes, per can 7c' 

Large Cans Table Peaches, per can 12c. 

3 Plugs Grape, Peach, Apple, Plum, Reynolds' Sun 

Cured Tobacco for 25c. 

Best Lemons, per dozen 12c 

Good Corn, per bushel 65cc. 

Good Oats, per bushel 48c. 

Best Timothy Hay, per ton 17.00 

No. 1 Mixed Hay, per ton 16.00 

No. 1 Clover, per ton 16.00 

Remittance must accompany nil orders. Bend P. O. or Exp. Order, Rtg. Letters, for what you want. 



Goods delivered free of drayage to any depot All 

Bran, per ton 24.00 

Ship Stuff, per ton 25.50 

Old Crown Rye, 5 years old, per gallon 3.00 

Old Keystone Rye, 4 years old, per gallon 2.50 

Old Excelsior Rye, 3 years old, per gallon 2.00 

Old Capitol Rye, 2 years old, per gallon 1.50 

Pure N. C. Corn Whiskey, 2 years old, per gallon 2.00 

Pure N. C. Corn Whiskey, 5 years old, per gallon 2.50 

Duffy's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 80c 

O'Grady's Malt Whiskey, per bottle 75c 

Apple Brandy, 3 years old, per gallon 2.50 

Virginia Apple Brandy, 5 years old, per gallon 3.00 

Geneva Gin, 3 years old, per gallon 2.00 

London Dock Gin, 5 years old, per gallon 2.50 

Wilson Whiskey, per bottle 1.00 

Buchu Gin, for kidneys, per bottle 1.00 

Catawba Wine, per gallon 50c 

Blackberry Wine, per gallon 50c. 

California Sherry Wine, per gallon 1.00 

(Sacks for corn and oats, 5c extra.) 

Half bbls. Roe Herrings 2.75 

Coarse Meal, per ton 25.00 

Cut Herrings in one-half bbls 2.00 

Chop Food, per ton 25.00 

California Hame, per lb 10c. 

Dunlop Flour, per bbl 5.50 

Obelisk Flour, per bbl 5.50 



J. S. MOORE'S SONS, Inc., 



No. 1724 East Main Street, 
RICHMOND, VA. 
'Phone 507. 



576 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



[August, 



A CANNY SCOTCHMAN. 
There was a certain Scottish minis- 
ter in a West Highland parish who has 
never yet been known to permit a 
stranger to occupy his pulpit. Lately, 
however, an Edinburgh divinity stu- 
dent was spending a few days in the 
parish, and on Saturday he called at 
the manse and asked the minister to 
be allowed to preach the following 
day. "My dear young man," said the 
minister, laying a hand gently on the 
young man's shoulder, "gin I lat ye 
preach the morn, and ye gie a better 
sermon than me, my fowk wad never 
again be satisfied wi' my preaching, 
and gin ye're nae a better preacher 
than me, ye're no' worth listening 
tae!" 



Hawkins — My wife never gossips. 
Robbins — Neither does mine. By 
the way, what does your wife call it? 

THE NEW YORK FARMERS.— We 
are in receipt of the report of the 1903- 
1904 meetings of this celebrated Far- 
mers' Club, the membership of which 
consists of millionaires sufficient to 
buy up all the farms and farmers in 
Virginia. They always secure some 
notable speakers for their meetings, 
and thus make the proceedings both 
interesting and useful. Amongst the 
speakers at the last meeting we notice 
the Hon. Henry Fairfax, of Virginia, 
who discussed the question of the in- 
fluence of the Hackney upon the heavy 
harness horse of to-day — a subject 
upon which he was very competent to 
offer an opinion as one of the oldest 
Hackney breeders in the country, and 
one of the most successful. 



Newrich — A man can get along with- 
out ancestors. 

Mack — True. But his children can't. 



CATALOGUES AND PREMIUM 
LISTS. 

Prize list and Rules and Regulations 
for the government of and awarding 
of prizes in the Department of Live 
Stock at the Universal Exposition, St. 
Louis. The total amount of prize 
money offered is $438,702.25, a sum 
never before exceeded at any Exposi- 
tion or Fair. For copy of list and 
further information, apply to Col. 
Chas.- F. Mills, Chief of Department 
of Live Stock, World's Fair, St. Louis, 
Mo. 



"Name the world's greatest com- 
poser," said the musical instructor. 

"Chloroform," promptly replied the 
young man who had studied medicine. 



"Mr. Smith had a hard time to get 
his daughters off his hands." 

"Yes, and I hear he has to keep their 
husbands on their feet." 



An Atchison husband hovered at 
death's door so long his wife remarked 
that she supposed he was having his 
usual trouble finding the keyhole. 



the 



A PHILADELPHIA FEAR. 

"Your husband has water on 
brain," announced the doctor. 

"Dear me!" she said, "I hope it has 
been boiled." — May Lippincott's Maga- 
zine. 



"How fast can you go in that auto- 
mobile?" 

"Oh, three times as fast as the law 
allows." 



Junior Partner — Young Jones has 
overstayed his vacation five days. Shall 
we fire him? "No; promote him, that 
shows he ain't afraid of hard work." 



O. I . C. PIGS 

FROM REGISTERED STOCK, i 

For Sale at Right Prices. 

Address F. S. MICH IE, 

Charlottesville, Va. 

LARGE 

YORKSHIRE PIGS 

Ready for Shipment. 

Six choice YOUNG DEVON COWS, with 
calves by side, sired by pure Polled Angus bull. 

H. C. BEATTIE, 

R. F. D. No. 4, RICHMOND, VA. 




R 



The 



OCKER CHURN 

Gets the batter from the cream down to the one 
thousandth part. Made of tasteless wood and the churning process is 
entirely the result of its own motion — no machinery inside or out to 
get out of order or require oiling. 

It s Special Advantages 

are: 1— Simplicity. 2— Least friction. 3— Gravity does the churning; 
a child can operate it. i — Absolutely no adjustments, always ready. 
5 — Nothing but the churu box to clean, easily accessible. 6 — Violent 
agitation of cream without paddles or dashers. 7 — Gives the finest 
grade of butter of any churn on the market. WE PAY THE FREIGHT. 
Your money back II not satisfied. In eight convenient sizes, 8 to 60 
gallons. Price as right as the quality. Illustrated circulars free. 

Rocker Churn Mfg. Company, Forsyth, Georgia, 



DO YOUR TRADING— «as3^Sk 

Where an established reputation warrants continued confidence. The name of LUMSDEN 
on anything in the JEWELRY or SILVERWARE line is a standard of quality. 

FINE GOLD AND DIAMOND JEWELRY, I 
STERLING SILVERWARE AND CUT GLASS. 



SIX SOLID STERLING SILVER TEA SPOONS, $3.30. 

many articles on which we can save you money. 



Write for our catalogue; it contains 



G. LUMSDEN & SON, Established 1835, 731 East Main Street, Richmond, Va. 



; LjX"a*frXi"iSSr :BUEHlCiZLj<S'KSS£ 



GENUSNE OLIVER CHILLED 





This far-famed and world- 
renowned Plow we guaran- 
tee you is worthy of all that 
is said in praise of it. Wood 
Beam also furnished. Write 
for large Illustrated Cata- 
logue. 

We are general distribu- 
tors of the GENUINE ONLY. 



Farm Tools and Supplies r c ™ B R R 00BEBS . 



Large Illustrated Catalogue for 
1904 just issued, embracing 
Hand, Horse and Power Labor- 
Saving Implements. 

You must save as well as make money. 

Write for this FREE catalogue 
at once. 

NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY CO. 



Implements 
Poultry Supplies 



Fertilizers 
Wheel Material 



41 to 51 Union Street, NORFOLK, VA. 






tn 11 ~*ir 




Season is at hand. 
PRODUCTS higher 
ever. Our prices low. 
for Free Catalogue. « 



HEN 

than 

Write 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER 



577 



Reg'. JERSEY BULL 

3 years old for sale or exchange. For par- 
ticulars, address EVERGREEN DAIRY & 
STOCK FARM, W. B. GATES, Prop. Rice 
Depot. Va. 

The RICHMOND FREDERICKSBURG. 

and POTOMAC R. R. 
and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y 

THE RICHMOND-WASHINGTON 
LINE. 

The Link Connecting the 

Atlantic Coast Line R. R., 
Baltimore and Ohio R. R., 
Chesapeake and Ohio R'y, 
Pennsylvania R. R., 
Seaboard Air Line R'y 
and Southern R'y. 

Between all Points via Richmond, Va. 

Fast Mail, Passenger, Express and 
Freight Route between Richmond, 
Fredericksburg, Alexandria, Washing- 
ton, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New 
York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo, and 
all points North, South, East and 
West. 

W. D. DUKE, C. W. CTJLP, 

General Manager. Asst. Gen'l Man 

W. P. TAYLOR. Traffic Manasrer. 



THE GROWLS OF A GRIZZLED 
BACHELOR. 

Faint heart in time may save a 
breach of promise suit. 

It is unsafe to make love out of an 
ink bottle — or any other way. 

He thinks he is marrying his ideal, 
but she sometimes turns out to be his 
ordeal. 

Some women's love is about as full 
of warmth and truth as the epitaph 
on a lawyer's tombstone. 

The only appreciable difference be- 
tween a woman and a girl is that the 
woman is a little more so. — August 
Woman's Home Companion. 



Foozle — Do you think it wrong to 
play golf on Sunday? 

Niblick — I think it wrong to play 
such a game as you do on any day of 
the week. 



gerald, N. C, calls attention in a cir- 
cular to the breeding of his herd, 
which is second to none in this coun- 
try. 



Young Cubber — By George! I see 
that Brown, the millionaire, has been 
stabbed. 

Old Grovehy — How sad! How very 
sad! It has put the market down two 
points. 



She — Is it rea^y true that the blind 
can determine color by the sense of 
touch? 

He — Sure; I once knew a blind man 
who was able to tell a red-hot stove 
by merely putting his finger on it. 



"Poor Giblets!" "What now?" "He 
has been off on a vacation for a month 
and the doctor ordered him to go back 
to work for nis health." 



Nor clothes nor riches makes the man, 
Tis more than this that makes him; 

But whatsoe'er it be, we know 
'Tis woman fair that breaks him. 



Mr. A. L. French, of the Sunny 
Home Herd of Angus Cattle, Fitz- 



Mrs. Newbride — See here! when I 
gave you that pie you promised to saw 
some wood. 

Hungry Hank — Well, you oughtn't 
to-ve gave the pie first, lady. I just 
ruined the saw tryin' to cut de pie. 

FOR SALE 

1 Reg.HolsteinFresian 

Bull 3 1-2 years old; weight about 1,200 lbs. 
Price, $40. 2 HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN Heifer 
calves, 8 months old, $25 each. A few very 
fine large ENGLISH BERKSHIRE pigs $6 
each, 3 mos. old. W. F. JACKSON, Olga, 
Amelia county, Va. 



The Only Complete Drill. 

Hoe, Disc 

or Shoe 
Fertilizer 

And Plain Drills. 

America's 20th Century Line. 
FETZER <&, CO., 

Capital, $1,000,000. 

Middletown, Ohio, U. S. A. 

Factory established 1858. 
Write for Booklets. 



LWAYS 
VEN/ENT. 



LONG/TUD/NA 




578 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 



Established 
GEO. WATT 



r,£o THE CALL=WATT CO., "<£' 

Implements. Machinery and Vehicles. 



FRED CALL, 
'I. Manager. 



HAND PRESS 
For Hay, 
Cotton, 
Straw, 
Shucks, 
etc., etc. 




PORTABLE EVAPORATOR, 
With Copper or Galvanized Steel Pans 



DISC AND HOE GRAIN AND FER- 
TILIZER DRILLS, 
Broadcast Plaster and Fertilizer Distrib- 
utors 



THREE-ROLL CANE MILL. 



Disc Harrows, Field Rollers, Manure Spreaders, Pea Hullers, Farm Wagons (all sizes), Engines, Saw Mills, 
Grinding Mills, Plows and Plow Repairs of all kinds, Corn Shelters, Wheat Fans. 

Wesoliclt enquiries for anything desired. «• q g 15th Street Bet " Main and Cary R I C H M O N D VA 



<H>£<H>rKH}4XHWH><H}<><H^^ 



FO R= 



WHEAT, OATS, CLOVER 
OTHER 



AND 



USE 



LEE'S 



PREPARED 
AGRICULTURAL 



LIME. 



It is the "Old Reliable" and has stood the test for 25 years It is composed principally of Hydrate of Lime 
Sulphate of Lime and Potash. 

^ _ _ — | - - **/ Mr »t We put this brand on the markets only a few years ago and its success has 
O r C. w I M L. W been short of marvelous. Somj of the best farmers tell us that they get 

FE R1 I LI ZE R ■ i • ■ a better stand and growth of grass and clover from it than any other fer- 
tilizer. Recommended for corn land or any other land of fair fertility. 

PLAIN SHELL LIME Constantly on hand at lowest prices. 

No. 1. WOOD BURNT LIME, in car lots at lowest market price from the kilns. 
If you wish to IMPROVE your land, use a ton of PREPARED LIME to four acres for WHEAT and CLOVER, 

or if you wish to seed it for other ORASSES where the land is in good condition, use the same quantity and it 
will give yoiagood STAND and GROWTH of GRASS. For reclaiming POOR land, where there is little or no 
VEGETATION, COVER naked place with litter from the barnyard or forest using the same quantity, and sow 
winter OA IS and CLOVER, SEND FOR CIRCULAR AND PRICES. 



EjEi db SON, 

102 SovitH 13tK Street - Richmond, Virginia. 



1904.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



579 



WHAT AN OLD READER OF THE 

PLANTER SAYS OF IT. 
Editor Southern Planter: 

Who is "running" the Plantee? It 
seems as if it gets better and better. 
I thought I knew it all, but it looks 
as if you are springing something on 
me every issue that I did not know. 
I do not see how any farmer can read 
one number and not subscribe, if he is 
not a subscriber already, when he can 
get the paper for 50c. or three for one 
dollar. This paper has saved me many 
times its cost. I often see articles 
worth 50c. to me. Then it has saved 
me in not making experiments that 
sometimes I make, and generally get 
left. Your article on tile draining is 
all right, and it pays from the start. 
I have done it, but I would not advise 
any one to borrow money to do it, for 
he will find a mortgage is the hardest 
thing he ever tried to raise. Such is 
my experience. Now, I am not kick- 
ing on your article on tile draining, 
and as you are a hard horse to ride, I 
guess I'll get out of the saddle. 

L. H. Cablton. 



hand, he pulled the reverend gentle- 
man by the coat-tails gently back into 
his seat. When asked about the inci- 
dent the General coolly replied — 

"I thought he'd told God about all 
He wanted to know for one time, and 
others were waiting their turn at the 
public." — August Lippincott's. 



GENERAL SERMAN'S SENSE. 
At the unveiling ceremony of the 
famous Bartholdi statue the clergyman 
who offered the opening prayer was 
inclined to spin out his petition. Gen- 
eral Sherman was sitting beside him, 
and at length, quietly putting out a 



UNNATURAL HISTORY. 

During the opening days of Kinder- 
garten the family life was being dis- 
cussed with the tots in the circle as 
directly appealing to the little ones 
fresh from home. 

"Now, children, we have talked 
about our own homes and little bird 
and squirrel families that have their 
homes in trees and on top of the 
ground; can you tell me any animals 
that have their homes in the ground?" 

Up jumped curly-headed Barnett, en- 
thusiastically, crying: 

"Yes'm, Satan!" — Lippincott's. 



what sort of an animal bit you. This 
wound is too small to have been made 
by a horse and too large to have been 
inflicted by a dog or a cat." 

The colored woman grinned. "Sho', 
Doctor, it wa'n't any animul dat bit 
me, it war a lady, sah!" — Edwin Tar- 
risse, in August Lippincott's. 



THE DOCTOR ENLIGHTENED. 

Representative Livingston, of Geor- 
gia, repeats a story that was told him 
by a physician on duty at a hospital in 
Atlanta. 

One day there entered the hospital 
a young colored woman badly bitten in 
the neck just back of the ear. The 
doctor who dressed the wound said to 
the patient: 

"It perplexes me to determine just 



A GOOD SHOT. 
The foreman of the Minnie Healy 
mine, at Butte, Mon., noticed an appar- 
ently suspicious man standing day 
after day near the shaft-house silently 
gazing eastward where the Great 
Northern Railroad tunnel pierces the 
main divide of the Rocky Mountains. 
Approaching him one day, he said: 
"My man, what are you doing here?" 
"Faith, Jack Kane," answered the 
man, "I hove been here ivery day for 
the last thirty days, watchin' them en- 
jines and cars goin' along that trail 
towards thot hole in the mountain, 
and, be gobs, not wan of thim hove 
missed the hole yet." — W. I. Lippin- 
cott, in August Lippincott's. 



AN OBJECT LESSON. 
A teacher in an East Side school, in 
trying to explain the meaning of the 
word slowly, illustrated it by walking 
across the floor. When he asked the 
class to tell him how he walked, a boy 
at the foot of the class shouted, "Bow- 
legged, sir." — Lippincott's. 



FOR SALE. 

Standard and Registered Trot- 
ting Mare, 

rich bay, elegantly bred, young and 
sound. She is well made, speedy look- 
ing, with full mane and tail. Bred in 
1904 to Kelly, 2:27. Address 

W. J. CARTER, 
916 E. Main St., Richmond, Va. 

W. J. CARTER, BROAD ROCK ] 

TURF JOURNALIST, 

916 E. Main Street, Richmond, Va. 



Pedigrees of thoroughbred 
and trotting horses traced, reg- 
istration matters attended to, 
stock farm catalogues compiled, 
and stud circulars prepared. 

Representing the Times-Dis- 
patch and Southern Planter, 
Richmond, Va. ; Kentucky Stock 
Farm and The Thoroughbred 
Record, Lexington Ky. ;Sportsof 
the Times, New York, and Cal- 
ifornia Breeder and Sportsman, 
San Francisco. 



1 904. W00DM0NDE AND HATTONDALE FARMS. 1 904. 

$50 BURLINGTON $50 

" The Gentleman in Black," 

Winner of the Criterion Stakes, Pelham Handicap, Brooklyn Derby, Belmont, Trial and Tidal Stakes. 

Black horte, by Powhatan, dam imp. Invercauld, by St. Albans; 2d dam imp Eleanor, by 
Voltigeur ; 3d Themis, by Touchstone ; 4th dam Rectitude (dam of Laius, Dr. Caius, Chivalry and 
Aristides), by Lottery: 5th dam Decision (dam of Brown Stout XXX and Silvio), by Magistrate, 
etc., etc. BURLINGTON will make the season of 1904 at J. E. Lane's above named farms at 
Esmont, Aibemarle county, Va. 

Usual return privilege if horse is alive and in my possession. 

For particulars address 

J. E. LANE, Esmont, Albemarle County, Va. 

1904 ANTRIM STOCK FARM. 1904 

CHORISTER 

Bay horse, 16.1 ; weight, 1,300 lbs.; sired by Falsetto; dam, Addle C, by King Alfonso ; 2d dam- 
Aereolite, by Lexington ; 3d dam, Florlne, by imp. Glencoe. 

"Ose of the handsomest thoroughbreds in America, and a sure success as a getter of race 
horses." — Major Daingerfleld. 

Chorister held the world's record for a mile as a three year old. He is the sire of " Corrus- 
cate." who holds the mile record for Canada— 1:38%. All his get win, and are racing up to 8, 9 and 
11 years of age. They won over 830,000 in one season. 

Fee, $50.00 cash; approved half-bred mares, $20.00. 

All possible care taken to prevent accidents or eicapes, but no responsibility assumed for any 
that may occur. For further particulars apply to 

D. K. KERR, Manager Antrim Stock Farm, Warrenton, Va- 



1904. 



KELLY, 22283. 



1904. 



Record, 2:27. 



Sire of McChesney, 2!16 + , Etc. 



Bay horse, by Electioneer 125; first dam, Esther, dam of Expressive 3, 2:12%; Express, 2;21, etc.; 
by Express, etc. Kelly represents the highest type of a trotter, having fine size and the form and 
finish of a thorough-bred. For terms of service address 

W. J. CARTER, Richmond, Va. 

Kelly will serve at my private stable, 1102 Hull street, Manchester, Va. 



580 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[August, 






The following Hit of papers and periodical! 
are the most popular ones in this section. 
We can SAVE YOU MONEY on whatever 
journal you wish: 

DAILIES. 

Price With 
Alone. Planter. 

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va $6 00 |S 00 

The Post, Washington, D. C 100 600 

The Sun, Baltimore, Md 8 00 I 40 

Chicago Live Stock World 4 00 3 50 

News-Leader, Richmond, Va S 00 8 00 

TRI-WEEKLY. 
The World (thrice-a-week), N. Y... 1 00 1 26 

WEEKLIES. 

Harper's Weekly ..4 00 4 00 

Montgomery Advertiser 100 1 00 

Nashville American 50 75 

Breeder's Gazette 2 00 175 

Hoard's Dairyman 100 135 

Country Gentleman 1 50 1 75 

Religious Herald, Richmond, Va 2 00 2 25 

Tlmei-DUpatch, Richmond, Va 100 125 

Central Presbyterian, " " 2 00 2 25 

Horseman 3 00 3 00 

MONTHLIES. 

Wool Markets and Sheep 60 75 

Dairy and Creamery 60 76 

Commercial Poultry 60 75 

All three 160 116 

North American Review 500 600 

The Century Magazine 4 00 4 25 

St. Nicholas Magazine 3 00 3 25 

Llpplncott's Magazine 2 50 2 50 

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00 

Harper's Bazaar 100 140 

Scribner's Magazine 3 00 3 25 

Frank Leslie's Magazine 100 135 

Cosmopolitan Magazine 100 136 

Everybody's Magazine 100 135 

Munsey Magazine 100 136 

Strand Magazine 126 165 

McC lure's Magazine 100 135 

Argasy Magazine 1 00 1 35 

Review of Reviews 2 60 2 76 

Poultry Success 1 00 76 

Rural Mechanics 1 00 55 

Blooded Stock 60 CO 

Successful Farming 100 75 

Southern Fruit Grower 60 81 

Where you desire to subscribe to two er 
more of the publications named, you can ar- 
rive at the net subscription price by deduct- 
ing 60 cents from "our price with the 
PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to 
any other publications not listed here, write 
as and we will cheerfully quete clubbing or 
oet subscription rates. 

Subscribers whose time does not expire 
antll later can take advantage of our club 
rates, and have their subscription advanced 
one year from date of expiration of their 
subscription to either the PLANTER or any 
of the other publications mentioned. 

Don't hesitate to write us for any informa- 
tion desired; we will cheerfully answer any 
correspondence. 

We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of other 
periodicals. 



House of the South. 



RED 

CLOVER, 

HAMMOTH 

CLOVER, 

CRiriSON 

CLOVER, 

WHITE 

CLOVER, 

LUCERNE 

CLOVER, 

ALSYKE 

CLOVER, 

BOKHARA 

CLOVER, 

JAPAN 



BUR 



CLOVER, 



«LOVER, 




TinOTHY, 

ORCHARD 

GRASS, 

RED TOP or 

HERDS GRASS, 

KENTUCKY 

BLUB GRASS, 

RANDALL 

GRASS, 

TALL MEADOW 

OAT GRASS, 

JOHNSON 

GRASS, 

GERIIAN 

MILLET, 

BUCKWHEAT, 

OATS and 

CANE SEED. 



"Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap." 

We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of ever* 
variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are 

RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS. 

+■ *■ * WE ALSO SELL 

Our Own Brands of Fertilizers 

For Tobacco, Corn, Wheat, Potatoes, &c. 

Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and 
Fertilizing Materials generally. 

Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods. 
Samples sent by mail when desired. 



Wm. A. Miller & Son, «* 



1016 Main Street, 
LYNCHBURG, VA. 



i?' 



Headquarters for 
Nursery Stock. 



WHOLESALE 

AND 

RETAIL. 



We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders 
ALL STOCK TRUE TO! NAME. 

Apples, 

Pears, 

Peach, 

Plum, 

Apricots, 
• CALIFORNIA PRIVET, for Hedging. 

' . . AGENTS WANTED. . . 

t FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., Baltimore, Md, 



Nectarines, 


Pecans, 


Ornamental and 


Cherry, 


Chestnuts, 


Shade Trees, 


Quinces, 


Walnuts, 


Evergreens, 


Almonds, 


Small Fruits, 


Roses, Etc. 



WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. 



T** H 



Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS, 




Scientific Steel Corn Harvester. TSpeclal prices given on Studebaker and 

The best Harvester on earth, for standing corn Brown Wagons, Buggies and Carts. 

Safety seats. Safety shafts 




ROSS.... 

Fodder Cutters, Fodder 
Shredders, Cutters for all 
purposes, Corn Shellers, 
Grinding Mills, Horse 
Powers and Wood Saw. 






Chattanooga 
Cane Mills 

and 
Evaporators. 






SUPERIOR GRAIN DRILLS. 
Plain and Fertilizer Hoe and Disc Drills-all sizes 



CAHOON Seed 8owers. MICHIGAN Wheel- 
barrow Sowers. Aspinwall Planters, Potato Sorters 

and Cutters. 





Aspinwall Potato Planter. 



Studebaker Buggies, all styles, Studebaker Car- 
riges, Studebaker Carts, Studebaker Runabo uts 



Automatic, Accurate and Reliable. 
Used by thousands of practical growers 
the world over Over twenty years on 
the market. Don't be fooled by imita- 
tions and make-shifts, but write for at- 



Kemp's Improved Manure Spreader. Three ^iye illustrated catalogue 





TIGER DISK HARROW. 
Plainand LeverSpringTooth Harrows. All Sizes. 



Frick and Aultman and Taylor Engines. 
Saw Mills and Threshers. 




ELI BALING PRESSES. 58 styles and sizes. For Horse or steam 
power. Write for prices and Catalogues. 



HENING & NUCKOLS, dBETSfe l*B L M ».. NW, ft 



3- 



m e Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company. 

ORGANIZED 1857. ASSETS, $178,000,000. PURELY MUTUAL. 

** I r HIS COMPANY has paid nearly one and a half millionsfin Virginia, in death claims 
■*■ alone, without contest or compromise of a single policy. It has policy holders in 
nearly every county whose names will be furnished as references, together with full in- 
formation as to rates and plans, to any one contemplating life insurance, or desiring to 
represent 

~^m »~ THE BEST COMPANY FOR THE POLICYHOLDER. ~« *m~- 

T. ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina, 

.1201 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA. 



STRONQ. HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES 

Are the inevitable result of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON- 
DITION POWDERS. Ii you wish fat and smooth Cattle and healthy 
Milch Cows, give 



DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS. 



For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS nee 
DIXIE NERVE AND BONE LINIMENT- Best on earth for Man or 
Beast Large Bottle 25 cts. ; everywhere. 

— OWENS * MINOR DRUG CO., Richmond, Va. 



CUTTERS-FEED CUT TERS 

ENSILAGE CUTTERS. 

The Latest Improved and Finest Line of Cut- 
ters to be had Anywhere. 




CUTTER FOR HAND. 

From the smallest to the largest size, with and 
without elevators, with and without shredder head 
attachments, variable lengths of cuts. SAFETY 
FLY WHEELS, throw out of gear, while in motions 
by a lever. 




CUTTER FOR POWER. 



ASHTON STARKE, Implement House, Richmond, Va. 



The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA 



JOHN S. ELLETT, President. WM. M. HILL, Cashier. 

CAPITAL. $500,000. SURPLUS- $240,000. 
RICHMOND, - - - VIRGINIA