Established 18^0 840 THE Sixty-Fifth Year. Southern Planter A MONTHLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture, Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside. OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RlCHflOND, VIRQINJA. THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISt^ING COMPAr^'Y, J. F. JACKSON, Editor and General Manager. Proprietors. Vol. 65 SEPTEMBER, mi. No. 9 CONTENTS. FARM MANAGEMElfT: EditoripJr-=Work for the Month 581 Wheat Seeding 584 Tests of Varieties of Wheat 58G Pennsylvania Potato Talk 58S Some Random Notes 587 Nutritive Ration of Plant Food in tfie Soil 588 The Whole System of Farming as Pursued by the Average Cotton Rai^r ifl^dically Wrong. 590 Large Yield of Whepfin Halifax Co., Va 591 Enquirers' Column (See Detail Index, p. 613). 591 TRUCKING, GAJ^EN AND ORCHARD: Editorial— Work for the Month 598 History of the Peach 599 LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY: Stock Farming in the South 601 Milk Ferer 602 Prince Barbara, Sire Prince Ito, Dam Barbara of Woodlawn 606 Angora Goats in Virginia 606 Sheep Husbandry in England 606 Hereford Breeders' Association 607 Big Prices for Yorkshire Hogs 607 To tell the Ages of Pi,gs 607 THE POULTRY YARD: More About Gapes 60S THE HORSE: Notes 609 MISCELLANEOUS: The Labor Difficulty 610 Notes from Tidewater, Va 611 The Wheat Situation 612 SUBSCRIPTION, 50c. PER YEAR, IN ADVANCE. The Most popular Machines in use for Peanut Picking and Grain Threshing are the MBEBNER'S, LITTLE QIA^T and PENNSYLVANIA Machines, and they have splendid improvements for 1904. They are built in first-class manner, and are strong and durable. The price is within the reach of all. We guaran- tee them to do the work satisfactc ry. We will mail cata- logue and testimonials, and quote prices on application. TRicns RUBBER. LEATHER -2p AND "^ GANDY BELTING, ECLIPSE" "LITTLE SAMSON" Automatic Engine. ENGINES and BOILERS. ERIE ENGINES and BOILERS. THE CELEBRATED CHASE" SAW MILLS AND This cut shows our 5 and 7 h. p. "Little Samson" Vertical, Automatic Engine, for [piP I /^Af f-f" nACHJI^PDY running threshers, peanut pickers, cutting feed, sawing wood, etc. Larger size also furnished. STRATTON & BRAGG CO., 31=33 N. Sycamore St., Petersburg, Va. OUR S60 "KETCHErT^ This name fits this Virginia Buggy admirably. It is a winner wherever used. Right up-to-the- minute in design, honestly and strong- ly built, very rea- sonable in price. We also build all other styles of light pleasure vehicles. Write for our in- teresting catalog. Having now gained the Leadership in medium-priced work, we propose to give such values as will keep it with RICHMOND, BUGGY AND WAGON CO., 1433 E. Main Street, Richmond. Va. W. G. ADAMS Sales Manager. The Southern Planter. DEVOTED TO PRACTICAL AND PROQRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE. TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE. Agriculture is the Dursing mother of the Art8.~°XEN0PH0N. Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. °°SULLY. 65th Year. Richmond, September, 1904. No. 9. Farm Management. WORK FOR THE MONTH. Since writing our opening article for the August issue the general and continuous rain whicli we then said to be necessary for us to secure a good average crop has fortunately fallen, indeed we have had prac- tically since that time a month of broken weather all through the South. Rain .has fallen almost daily, but, as a rule, not in such heavy showers as to do injury, though in some sections there have been wash- ing rains. The result is that the land is now well supplied with moisture, and this condition, coupled with the warmth of the soil, and a daily temperature more nearly the average for the season than has been the case for so long, has caused crops to make a splen- did growth, and the prospect is for full average yields of most crops. The threshing of the winter wheat crop throughout the country has been completed, and the result con- firms our forecast of a very deficient yield. The average yield per acre for the whole country is esti- mated by the Department of Agriculture at slightly over 12 bushels to the acre. For Virginia the aver- age is given at slightly over 10 bushels, for Maryland at slightly over 13 bushels, for North Carolina at slightly over 8 bushels, for South Carolina at 8 bushels, for Tennessee at a little over 11 bushels, and for West Virginia at a little over 10 bu^els. Whilst these are the average yields, we have received reports of some excellent yields in some parts of this State. In this issue will be found one of 40 bushels to the acre, and Mr. Bellwood, of Drewry's BlufF, Va., tells us that his crop ran to over 40 bushels to the acre, and this over a large crop. These large yields go to show that the season was not altogether to blame for the small average crop. The man had much to do with it as is almost always the case. The spring wheat crop is not yet fully harvested, but it is going to be a very disappointing one. Rust has played great havoc with it, and the crop will in all proba- bility be the smallest raised for a long time. Taken together, the whole wheat crop promises to be as we forecasted, in the Plantee two months ago, 100,000,- 000 bushels below that of last year. This means that we have raised but little more wheat this year than will be required to feed the people of the coun- try and for seed. A realization of this fact has had its influence on the market, and wheat is now selling for $1.10 per bushel in Chicago, as against 90c. two months ago. We expect to see it sell for a still higher price, as the wheat crop of the whole world is a deficient one. The oat crop gives promise of being a fine average crop if weather conditions are favorable for harvest- ing the same, fiverage. The condition is above the ten years* Corn crop prospects in the South were never bettetj mid as the area planted is above the average, we look to see a large crop cribbed. Throughout the coun- try the prospect is for a good crop, but in our opinion not for an excessively large one, possibly not larger than that cribbed last year. We expect to see the 582 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [September, price of this staple remain firm, and possibly advance somewhat. Tobacco has made a good growth, but there is con- siderable diversity of opinion as to what the quality of the crop will be. If the rains do not quickly cease many growers think that the quality will be coarse and the tobacco of an undesirable type, and we are afraid this will be so. The cotton crop is in a critical condition. The continued rains have forced excessive growth of weed and hindered the setting and maturity of the bolls. A continuance of the weather we are having is going to materially reduce the yield of the crop, whilst if it takes up too suddenly and a dry period follows almost equal damage will be done. We are not look- ing for such an excessive crop to be picked as was promised early in the season. Every pound of the new crop will, in our opinion, be wanted at a good price. Peanuts are not likely to a heavy crop. They made a bad start in the cold, dry weather, and there has been too much rain for them recently. The price keeps firm, and we look to see this continue, and possibly advance some. Sweet potatoes are promising a good yield, but a cessation of the almost daily rains we are having would be of benefit to the crop. The various forage crops have made a splendid growth since the rains began, and with fine weather to cure the same there will be an abundance of winter keep. very full of sap, and will be difficult to cure unless we have very fine weather. Let the growth ma- ture somewhat before cutting. The feed value of the crop will be enhanced and the curing will be much less difficult. Cow peas especially will need to be let alone for some time, or the curing will be especially difficult. In our last issue will be found two articles dealing with the curing of this crop, to which we invite attention. If the weather con- tinues showery do not cut too great an area down at once, but cut a small breadth and give this all the attention it needs to cure it well and as quickly as possible, and then cut again. Sorghum is less diffi- cult to handle than peas, as it does not spoil easily. Let it stand until the grain is well past the dough stage, and then cut and set in shocks to cure. If it can be allowed to lie on the ground broadcast for a few days the curing will be much easier, and it will not spoil by being rained on. This is also the ease with soy beans, when cut for a hay crop. In our last issue will be found advice as to the proper time to cut all these forage crops, and also as to the fillini^ of the silo. Pastures never looked better and live stock are in fine condition generally. There is every prospect now that there will be an abundance of feed to the end of the season, as it will take a long drouth in the fall to check the growth. A review of the foregoing will, we think, lead to the conclusion that Southern farmers and planters have much to be thankful for. There is every reason to anticipate that they will be able to secure a fair return for their labor and capital. The work of harvesting and curing the forage crops will require attention during this month. Do not be in too great haste to cut them. They are now The work of sowing grass, alfalfa and clover crops should have immediate attention, as this is the last month in the year when this work can be done with anj'thing like a certainty of success. In our last issue we wrote very fully on this subject, and to what we then said we invite attention. From the large number of enquiries we have had we expect to see quite a considerable area of alfalfa seeded in the South. We are convinced from the reports we have had from many who have experimented with the crop that there is no reason whatever why Southern farmers should not succeed as well with this crop as Western ones have done. It is of such inestimable value as a feed, making so large a weight of hay to the acre in one year, and is of such a permanent char- acter, that it is worth every effort necessary to make its growth successful. Talking a day or two ago with an enterprising and wide-awake farmer, we were glad to find that he had made a success with the crop upon land badly infested with weeds by seeding the same in drills two feet apart. He prepared the land finely, made it rich with manure, and then kept all weeds down the first year by cultivating it frequently. The second year it took full possession of the land, and since that time he has cut three, and sometimes four, crops off each year, and it is still making fine growth, and in complete possession of the land. 1904.] THE SOUTHEKIT PLAE^TER. 583 Keep on seoding crimson clover and hairy vetch all through the month as land becomes available. Sow with these seeds some wheat, oats and rye, say from half to three-quarters of a bushel to the acre, and a good cover will be provided for the land all winter, which will add to its fertility, and at the same time make good grazing, an early green forage, and good hay. A good crop of crimson clover will add from $20 to $30 worth of nitrogen to the acre, and a crop of hairy vetch from $30 to $35 worth of the same absolutely essential fertilizer. All this is gathered from the air and costs nothing but the price of 10 or 1.5 pounds of clover seed or a bushel of hairy vetch, and the labor of seeding these. In addition to this, these crops add humus making matter to the soil, and this humiis makes available the phosphoric acid and potash in the soil, and keeps the soil from running together and baking. If the land is poor, give these crops 2 or 300 pounds of acid phosphate to the acre to induce a vigorous growth. The more bjxuriant the growth the greater the quantity of nitrogen which will be stored in the soil. If no use or profit is made of these crops except their manurial value this is amply sufficient to justify the outlay of money and labor involved in their growth. No bet- ter preparation of the land for a com crop can be made than the seeding of these crops. The preparation of the land for and the seeding of winter oats should have immediate attention. Long experience in the growing of this crop has de- monstrated that to be a profitable and successful crop, Virginia gray winter oats should be sown early in September. As this variety is the most profitable oat crop that can be grown in the South; indeed, on an average of years is the only profitable oat that can be ^own in a hot climate like ours, the oat being es- sentially a cold climate crop, every effort should be made to get it in at the best time for it to succeed. With the oat crop as with nearly every other crop good preparation of the seed bed before seeding has more to do with the yield than the amount of fer- tilizer that may be applied. This preparation should have begun in August. The rains we have had have put the land into good condition for working, and every effort should be made to get the seed in by the middle or third week of this month. The small average yield of the winter oat crop in the South is almost wholly due to the fact that the crop is usually seeded too late on a poorly prepared bed, and too often on the poorest land to be cropped. When seeded after September the crop does not make suffi- cient growth to protect the roots from being frozen with even a light frost on the setting in of winter, and much of the stand is winter killed. An- other reason for this winter killing is that the seed is not covered sufficiently and proper precaution taken to drain off surface water quickly by the provision of water furrows. There is no reason why with proper seeding at the right time the average crop of the South should not be in excess of 30 bushels to the acre. We know men who make from 50 to 60 bush- els to the acre regularly. These men sow in Sep- tember, prepare the land well, put the crop on good land, and give it 3 or 400 pounds of acid phosphate per acre. Another great reason for light yields is that enough seed is not sowed. Instead of sowing only a bushel or a bushel and a half to the acre, twice this quantity of seed should be sowed. Sowing 4 bushels of seed to the acre has given the highest yield in a number of experiments, and in several of these tests the covering of the seed with cultivators was found to give better results than merely harrowing the seed in. The application of phosphate in the form of acid phosphate or Thomas slag gave an increase of 100 per cent, in the crop. Winter barley is being sown now in the Valley and ISTorthern sections of this State, and promises to be an acquisition to our staple crops. It gives good winter and spring grazing when sown early enough in the fall, and makes a good yield of grain. It should be seeded in September on well prepared land, which should be in a good state of fertility, as the crop calls for more available plant food than oats if to be suc- cesful. Acid phosphate applied at the rate of 300 or 400 pounds to the acre usually gives good returns on the outlay. Sow at the rate of 3 or 4 bushels to the acre. In this issue will be found an article on the prepa- ration for and seeding of the wheat crop, to which we invite attention. Rape and turnips may be sown yet with a fair chance of making a crop if the fall be a normal one, though it is getting late for these crops. If the win- ter be a mild one the rape, if not grazed too closely, will stand over and make good early grazing in the spring, most valuable for ewes and lambs. Sow 3 or 4 pounds of seed to the acre broadcast and harrow in lightly. Do not waste time pulling fodder. Whilst blade 584 THE SOUTHERN PLAITTER. [September, fodder is excellent feed when well cured, the cost of pulling is too great with the present high price of labor for it to be saved profitably. It is also a crop easily spoiled in the curing, and if pulled at the best time for making good fodder materially injures the yield of com from the crop. In numerous experi- ments made in the South, it has been demonstrated that the loss of yield in the corn made the fodder very costly feed. The blades can be saved just as well by cutting the corn at the root and setting up in shocks to cure, in this way saving both stalk and blades and not reducing the yield of corn. Cut when the corn is glazed and dented, and it wiU not shrink in the cur- ing, and the stalks Avith the blades on them make ex- cellent rough feed. With the large amount of moisture in the land, and the warmth of the weather, weeds will grow fast on all stubble fields and newly fallowed land. See that these weeds are cut off with the mower before they bloom and make seed. They rob the land of fertility and moisture, for which they make no return except in providing work for another year in killing them. Leave the weeds as cut as a mulch, if not so heavy as to smother out the clover or grass where the stubble has been seeded with these crops. If a very heavy cutting of weeds is made they may be cured and saved for feed. Whilst not very valuable for this purpose, yet sheep and young stock will pick them over and get some good from them. On newly plowed land the weeds as they germinate should be killed by harrowing the land when the sun is shining and thus a fresh lot of seeds will be brought near enough to the top to germinate and be killed in like manner. In this way a piece of land may soon be cleared of weeds. retain the rain as it falls for the service of the crop. With a deeply broken subsoil crops will not suffer even in a dry season for a long time. When it is realized as it ought to be that crops can only utilize the food in the soil vv'hen in a state of solution in water the importance of saving all the moisture pos- sible becomes apparent. No crop takes its food in a solid condition. Therefore, however abundant this food may be in the soil it cannot help to grow the crop until dissolved in water. Make the soil and subsoil loose and permeable by the rain and then these will hold it like a sponge holds water, and the roots of the plants will suck it out as they call for it. Keep the plows at work breaking land intended to be cropped next year. Plow deep and bring up some of the soil which has not been exhausted of its plant food. There is no risk in doing this at this time of the year, as the sun and air will have plenty of time to act upon this new soil and make it fit for the support of plants before the time for seeding comes round. There is plant food in abundance in nearly all subsoils for the profitable growth of large crops for years to come. It only requires to be made available by the action of the sun and atmosphere and some lime. Subsoiling should also be done where the subsoil is a good one^ or where there is a hard pan underlying the surface soil. This will add to the feeding ground of the crop and serve to catch and Clean out all barns, sheds, outbuildings and pens and put the manure on to thin places on the farm. Brush down all the dust, cobwebs and trash and use the lime wash brush freely in all places where live stock is to be housed. Lime is a great disinfectant, sweetener and destroyer of germs, and its use will largely help to keep stock in a healthy condition through the winter. Where buildings are in need of repairs, have these attended to at once. It is worse than useless to take stock up out of the pastures and ])ut them into buildings where they cannot be kept dry and warm. They are better out of doors alto- gether than housed in wet, drafty buildings. Have the oiitside of the buildings either lime washed or painted. In our July issue, on page 466, we pub- lished a receipt for making wliitewash for outside use which will be found almost as durable as paint. If we could but persuade Southern farmers to spend a little money in paint every year and apply the same to their houses and barns they would enhance their value by many times the cost of the paint in the eyes of prospective purchasers, and would make them much more homelike and attractive to those living in or using them. WHEAT SEEDING. The preparation of the land for the wheat crop is work that will call for constant attention this month. Indeed, to secure the best results this work should, as we stated in our last issue, have commenced in Au- gust. During that month the land was in most sec- tions of the South in fine condition for plowing and working, and if advantage was taken of this as it ought to have been, the land will now be getting into good order for producing good results next year. The importance of a perfect preparation of the soil for the wheat crop is not half appreciated as it ought 1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLAl^TER. 586 to be. Men who will carefully plow and work land for the corn crop and who will then cultivate that crop four or five times during its period of growth will seed wheat on land that has been only once plow- ed and once harrowed and will then complain if the crop is not a good one. They entirely overlook the fact that the whole cultivation of the wheat crop must be done before the seed is sown, except possibly a light harrowing in the spring, and this too often is neglected. The perfect preparation of the land be- fore seeding is much more important in the final results than any fertilizer which may be applied to the crop, for unless the land is finely prepared very much of the fertilizer will never help the crop at all, but be washed out of the soil by the winter and spring rains. To be of help to the crop the fertilizer must be closely assimilated with the soil, so that it shall permeate every part of it, and this can only be possi- ble if the soil be finely broken and thoroughly mixed. The value of cultivation in securing a heavy yield of wheat is illustrated by the success which followed the old-fashioned method of seeding on a summer fallow. We have seen crops of 40 bushels to the acre produced after a summer fallow without the help of any fer- tilizer, on land which, if not plowed until the fall, would not produce 25 bushels to the acre, even with fertilizer. In the former case the land was first plowed in the spring, then harrowed, rolled and re- harrowed and allowed to stand for ten days or a fort- night. It was then reharrowed, rolled and harrowed again. After standing another ten days or a fort- night the harrowing and rolling was again repeated, and later it would be cross ploughed and harrowed and rolled repeatedly at intervals until October. When seeded the .subsurface would be compact, but open enough to be permeated by the roots and full of moisture, and the surface soil as fine as a garden bed and without a weed seed left to germinate. Wheat sowed on such a preparation as this grew off at once and rarely suffered from winter killing. In the spring it would tiller out and cover the land, and unless the season was a most unpropritious one, would make a full crop. Whilst modern methods of rotation have largely supplanted the old summer fallow as a prepa- ration for wheat, there is much to be learned as to the requirements of the crop from the old system. Early plowing of the land and frequent harrowing and roll- ing are essential to success. The subsoil must be compact, yet permeable by the roots, whilst the sur- face soil, say 3 or 4 inches deep, must be fine and loose. Experiments made in different sections of the country all unite in demonstrating that frequent cul- tivation of the land before seeding is conducive to in- ci'eased yield, and that harrowing the crop in spring after it has commenced to grow is highly beneficial. Wheat calls for a liberal supply of all the three lead- ing elements of plant food, nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash. A crop of 30 bushels to the acre, with tbe straw takes from the soil 45 pounds of nitrogen, 22 1-2 pounds of phosphoric acid, 28 pounds of pot- ash, and 10 1-2 pounds of lime. This quantity of food at least must be available during the growth of the crop, hence the land must be naturally fertile or be artificially supplied with the food in the shape of fertilizer of one kind or another. The lime and pot- ash can be best supplied by a dressing of 25 to 50 bushels of lime to the acre applied as soon as the land is plowed, and gradually worked into the soil during preparation for seeding. The lime will make the potash of the soil available. Experiments have proved that whilst wheat calls for this quantity of plant food, it does not call for it to any considerable extent in the early stages of its growth. Wheat as- similates its food mainly at the time of shooting the ears and filling out fhe grain. For this reason a slowly available phosphate like bone meal and slowly available nitrogen like that derived from the decay of a clover or cow pea crop usually gives better results than more quickly available forms of these fertilizers. Probably the best way to supply the phosphoric acid is to use half bone meal and half acid phosphate, thus continuing the siipply practically over the whole period of growth. The bone meal will give also a sufiicient supply of nitrogen to start the growth of the plants in the fall. The nitrogen needed by the crop is most cheaply supplied by planting on a clover or cow pea fallow. JSTitrogen from this source becomes available in the summer at the time when the crop calls for it most strongly. Experiments made in various States have demonstrated that a cow pea or clover fallow can increase the yield of a wheat crop 50 per cent, over that grown upon land which has not grown these crops. These crops, however, require to be used with discretion in their management or they may actually cause a decrease in the yield. Espe- cially is this the case with the cow pea crop. Its immense production of vines may sour the land if turned down in the late summer or early fall unless lime is also applied, and unless the crop is turned down very early, say at least six weeks or two months before the wheat is sown the land will be rendered too light and puffy for the best results. This may also happen with clover if the growth is heavy. Where 586 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [September, wheat is to follow these crops they should be grazed down or be cut for hay before being plowed down and lime applied. We have had very frequent complaint of failure to make a good wheat crop on a cow pea fallow, and we believe that the main cause for this was the pufRness of the land. This, however, does not always follow, as in this issue will be found a report of a crop of 40 bushels to the acre grown on a cow pea fallow, but we do not advise taking the risk. As a general principle, no better preparation for a wheat crop can be adopted than the growing of cow peas or clover or any of the legumes. By the adop- tion of this system alone Mr. Bellwood, of Drewry's Bluff, has brought up land that would not grow wheat at all ten years ago, so that it now produces from 30 to 40 bushels to the acre without the application of fertilizer. Where wheat is grown on land lacking in humus, and where neither cow peas nor clover have been turned dovtm, it is well only to apply part of the nitrogen required at the seeding of the crop (say only such part as will be supplied in a dressing of bone meal) and then in the spring after the crop has started to grow freely apply a dressing of 100 pounds of nitrate of soda per acre. The most important thing in fertilizing a wheat crop is to supply an abundance of phosphoric acid. If the land is lacking in this element, then at least 300 pounds of acid phosphate, or, better still, half acid phosphate and half bone meal should be applied per acre and be well worked into the soil. Whilst it is important to get growth well started before winter sets in, yet it is equally important not to sow so soon as to incur risk of damage from the iy. Wheat sown before frost has been felt is almost certain to be injured by the fly, especially in sections where the fly has been troublesome in the past. The last week in September and first half of October is about the best time to seed wheat in Virginia, and a little later further South. Where fly has infested the crop recently a trap crop of wheat should be seed- ed at once before the main crop is sown. Plow a strip of land on one side of the intended wheat field, say a couple of yards wide and fifty yards long and sow it with wheat and harrow in. If the fly is about this will be quickly infested with it laying its eggs. Before seeding the main crop plow this strip down and roll it, and thus destroy both flies and eggs. If every farmer would adopt this plan the Hessian fly would soon be unknown. As to the variety to be seeded. This should be largely determined by local selection. A variety which has proved itself adapted to a section is much more likely to succeed than one introduced from a distance. Seed such a variety for the main crop. Let new varieties be tested only ex- perimentally until their fitness has been proved. Amongst old standard varieties Fidtz and Eulcaster still retain their reliable character. Amongst newer varieties, Nigger, Currell's Prolific, Reliable, Poole, and Harvest King are Avell spoken of. There is prac- tically no difference between the yields of smooth and bearded varieties. Seed liberally. On land in good fertility a bushel and a half of seed per acre has almost invariably given better returns than a bushel. At the Ohio Ex- periment Station this year in 8 out of 18 tests 10 pecks of seed gave a larger yield than a less amount of seed, and in only one of the eighteen did six pecks give the largest yield. On thin land two bushels of seed at least should be sowed. TESTS OF VARIETIES OF WHEAT. At the Pennsylvania Experiment Station variety tests of wheat have been conducted for many years. In tests made of five varieties — Reliable, Eulcaster, Dietz Longberry Red, Ontario Wonder and Fultz — for fourteen years, Eulcaster gave the best yield, nearly 31 bushels per acre. Eultz made nearly 28 bushels per acre, and Reliable 30 3-4 bushels. PENNSYLVANIA POTATO TALK. Editor Southern Planter: The potato (in the South called the Irish potato, Solamun tuberosum) at the discovery of America by Columbus was found growing wild on the mountains of South America, and was also cultivated for food by the natives of all the temperate parts of the conti- nent from Chile to Granada. The Spaniards first met with it in the neighborhood of Quito, where it was under cultivation by the natives. About 1553 Hieronymus Cardan, a monk, is be- lieved to have been the first to introduce it from Peru into Spain, from whence it passed to Italy and Bel- gium. In 1563 John Hawkins introduced potatoes into England from Santa Fe. About 1586 potatoes were taken from North Carolina and Virginia to Ireland and cultivated on the estate of Sir Walter Raleigh, near the city of Cork. A meal consisting entirely of potatoes is not a well- balanced ration, being nearly devoid of nitrogen and fat. Butter improves the ration, and drinking milk, while eating (as is generally practiced in Ireland), makes it still better. It is probable there is no crop 1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER. 587 raised in this country that is more talked about among farmers, or oftener discussed in the agricultural press, than potatoes. They are a valuable crop raised on every man's farm, in every part of the country, and constitute a palatable and inexpensive food to be found on every man's table at nearly every meal. It may not be the case elsewhere, but in this part of northern Pennsylvania the best land for potatoes is on the hills back from the river, -where more bushels are raised per acre, and generally of better quality, than on the river flats. Ground can be too rich for raising potatoes. I once plowed part of an old barn- yard which turned up rather lumpy, but was got into good, mellow condition by repeated harrowing. It Avas planted with good seed at the proper season, and cultivated as long as the tops would allow it. There was an immense growth of tops, which fell down and covered the ground. The tops were not so very large in diameter, but of enormous length. I congratu- lated myself that there would be an immense yield of potatoes, but to my great astonishment when dug they proved to be good for nothing. They were all small, and but few in a hill. The strength of the soil and the energy of the plants, seemed combined to make only vines. Do you say there was tou much nitrogen in the soil? The plants need not have taken any more than they wanted to make a reasonable amount of vines, and could have found an abundance of ma- terials for the formation of tubers. In other places, it may not be the case, but here I have always had the best success in raising potatoes when planted as early in the spring as the ground is dry enough to work, say the latter part of April or the first of May. Planted this early on well prepared soil and culti- vated as long as possible without injury to the tops, a fair crop of potatoes is reasonably sure. Late plant- ed, when the rains come at the right time to save them from drouth, would outyield the early planted ; but the rains seldom come at that all-important period of their growth, and the consequence is a light yield. Moreover, the late planted is more liable to be at- tacked by the blight. Last year a terrific blight struck potatoes in this region, and the tops of late potatoes died as suddenly as if the thermometer had dropped down to zero and the frost had frozen them solid. My early potatoes were ripe when the blight came and received no injury, my late ones when dug had but few in a hill, and these were half rotten. I have tried the "trench system" practiced by the late Mr. Carman, of the Rural jSTew Yorker, and will say more potatoes can be raised by that system than by any other I know of, but it requires considerable more work, and is not well calculated for large field plant- ing. According to my experience, good sod ground that has raised potatoes one year will raise a better crop the next. I planted one acre of thick timothy sod ground, broken up in the spring and well prepared. The yield was fair, but the sod did not rot soon enough to give them the full benefit of its riches. I planted the same ground again the next season, and broke up another acre of the sod ground adjoining it, and planted both at the same time. Both received the same tillage, and neither received any fertilizer, but the acre that grew potatoes the year before was much the best. We would suppose that a crop of potatoes would extract from the soil some of its most available constituents, and that the second crop not finding so ready a supply of nutriment would have been poorer than the first and poorer than the adjoin- ing acre, which had been broken up that spring. This experiment has been tried several times, and every time with the result already described. There are two ways to account for the anomaly. In the first ])lace, the ground planted again the second year was in finer tilth than the sod ground, and also had the benefit of the sod that had not fully decayed the first season. J. W. Ingham. SOME RANDOM NOTES. CUEING PEA VINE HAY. Editor Southern Planter: I am glad to see that this subject is being ven- tilated in the Planter. The methods in the August number, especially the plan of Prof. Soule, do not materially differ from the method I have used for years, and have often detailed. The fact is that cow pea hay, instead of being such a difficult thing to cure, as many think, is really one of the easiest if not med- dled with needlessly, and is stored before the leaves get crisp. One point I think should be well brought out. Never let the hay heat in the shocks, as the leaves will then fall in moving it to the barn. Now, that the value of cow pea hay is coming to be recog- nized, we hear from some that it is injurious to horses. The same thing is insisted on by some in regard to alfalfa hay, yet alfalfa hay is the sole roughage of thousands of healthy horses, and I have kept horses in the finest condition on pea vine hay as the only roughage. A friend in the blue grass sec- tion of Tennessee once wrote to me that he visited a breeding farm there and was shown the sleekest lot of yearling colts he had ever seen. He remarked to 588 THE SOUTHEEl^ PLANTER. [September, the manager, that "our blue grass makes fine colts." "ISTo," said the manager, "blue grass is not in it, for cow peas made those colts." And it will always make slick coats on mules or horses either. HAIRY VETCH. Your reply to Mr. Bush in regard to the hairy vetch getting to be a weed reminds me of an answer made by a friend in Maryland to the same question. He said that the hairy vetch had doubled his corn crop, and that any weed that would do this was wel- come to a place on his farm. INTENSIVE TRUCKING. Our friend, Jeffers, makes rather a queer argument against intensive trucking in winter by artificial means. A gardener should not use skill or means for growing crops out of season because some one in a warm climate is growing the same crops. Up near the great Northern cities men have built greenhouses by acres for the purpose of producing tomatoes, cu- cumbers and other things out of season, and the finer quality of their product enables them to get larger prices than the products in the warmer sections bring. Right here in Raleigh I have grown toma- toes in January and February, and have gotten much larger prices for them than the Florida product was bringing in our home market right alongside of them. But Mr. Jeifers seems to think that we should do noth- ing of the sort, but should lose the opportunity to grow these things at a profit in the North and the upper South, because the truckers in Florida are at the same time sending an inferior product to market. My notion has always been that a gardener should use skill in his business and reap the reward of skill- ful culture. We should get the best reward out of our gardening we can, for we are gardening for our own benefit, and not for others. The Northern truckers were compelled to use skill and glass in the competition with more Southerly growers, and they have shown how a very small area may be made, by the investment of capital and the use of skill in gar- dening, to produce far larger returns than many times the area in the open ground. The intensive work of the New Bern growers is but the beginning of winter gardening in the upper South, and it is a work that is going to grow. With the increasing scarcity of labor it is impossible for our truckers to crop the wide areas they did a few years ago in the open ground, and the concentration of capital and labor on a small area under artificial heat is a necessity of the busi- ness. Our growers are gardening for their own profit, and if by liberal investment and skilful cul- ture they can beat Florida there is no good reason why they should not do so. PEAR BLIGHT. If there is anything thoroughly settled in regard to plant diseases, it is that the pear blight is caused by a microscopic bacillus, which grows downward from the lip of a shoot destroying the young growing cells of the so-called cambium layer. This bacillus has been isolated, and it has been proven that if an artificially grown specimen is inserted in the sap of a young growing twig it will at once grow and produce the disease. So that all this guess work about frozen sap and siin scald is simply nonsense. The presence of bacterial forms in the sap would not prove that they were the cause, of course, but when a certain form of these has been separated from all other forms present, and this form has been introduced into the growing tissues of the trees, and there continues to grow and cause the blight, the evidence is too strong to be longer doubted. If any one will watch his pear trees closely he can detect the first start of the blight near the ends of the twigs, and if then cut out ahead of it, there will be no further blighting of that limb. But if you wait till the leaves are dead and black a much larger part of the limb will be killed. Then if the dead shoots that are cut off are allowed to lie on the ground, the next spring the diseased sap will exude from cracks in the dead wood and the bees will be attracted to it, and then they will carry the germs to the blossoms on the trees and start another infection, for it always starts at the blossoms or the most tender shoots and grows downward. This bacillus is so minute that 150 of them placed end to end would make a line in length about the thickness of ordinary writing paper. And yet they are so numerous in the sap of a diseased limb as to make it look milky to the naked eye. Therefore there is no longer any use to waste time and thought on sun scald or any other imaginary cause, for the cause is as well known as that of small-pox or diphtheria, or any other germ disease of animals or plants. W. F. Massey, Editor. Practical Farmer. NUTRITIVE RATION OF PLANT FOOD IN THE SOIL. DOSE IT INFJ,UENCE OR CONTROL CROP YIELDS ? Editor Southern Planter: In your last I cited the reader the case of Mr. Z. J. Drake, as proof of the fact that, contrary to the teach- ings of Messrs. Whitney and Cameron, the great con- trolling factor in the yield of crops is the amount of plant food in the soil. 1904.] THE SOUTHEEN" PLANTER 589 The above named gentlemen say : "It would appear from the results given in this bulletin that plants can and do yield ordinary crops (in fact, very "ordi- nary"), thoiigh growing in media containing very small traces of any plant food, while if the amount of these plant foods is increased a thousand times, they are unable to give corresponding increases in the yield." ISTow, I do not wish to undertake the task of proving that a "corresponding" increase can or will always result from artificial plant foods, even when applied systematically and intelligently, but what I do wish to prove, and what I can readily, unmistak- ably and incontrovertibly prove, is that their judicious use will give an increase, and a very great and re- markable increase, that no "cultiiral methods" or "suitable crop rotation" or purely "physical condi- tion" into which the soil could possibly be brought, has ever accomplished or can ever accomplish in their absence ; and this in spite of the statement of Messrs. Whitney and Cameron that "practically all soils con- tain sufficient plant food for 'good' (good thing they did not say maximum) crop yields." I will now enter into details in regard to Mr. Drake's crop of two hundred and fifty-five bushels of corn per acre, and hoiu it was made: "Late in February one thousand bushels of stable manure and five hundred pounds each of manipu- lated guano, cotton seed meal and kainit were broad- casted on the acre and then_ plowed under. Follow- ing J:he plow six hundred bushels of whole cotton seed were strewn in the furrows. A subsoil plow was run through a depth of twelve inches. The land was well harrowed and the rows planted alternately March 2d, three and six feet apart. "An improved strain of the common gourd seed variety of Southern white dent corn was planted, five to six kernels being dropped to each foot of the row. It was planted in rows five inches deep, but covered only one inch. At first hoeing the plants were thin- ned to one stalk every ^ve or six inches, the missing .spots replanted. On April 20th the six foot spaces v/ere plowed and a mixture composed of two hun- dred pounds each guano, kainit, cotton seed meal, acid phosphate and bone was applied and hoed in. On May 15th the three-foot spaces were plowed, three hundred pounds of nitrate of soda sown and worked in. On May 25th, two hundred pounds of guano were applied in the wide spaces. Another applica- tion of five hundred pounds of guano, cotton seed meal and kainit was pi7t on June 8th, and one hun- dred pounds nitrate of soda June 11th, "The crop was harvested jSTovember 25th, before several reputable witnesses. It yielded seventeen thousand four hundred and seven poimds of corn in the ear, of which one hundred and forty pounds was soft corn. Several tests showed that one hundred pounds ear com yielded eighty-two pounds shelled corn, which made the yield two hundred and fifty- four bushels, forty-nine pounds of shelled corn at fifty-six pounds to the bushel, which, kiln dried, to contain only ten per cent, water, would contain two hundred and thirty-nine bushels." ISTow, I am aware of the fact that agriculture is, as yet, far from being an exact science, and that the seeker after truth must be slow to reach positive con- clusions, instead of jumping at them; but I cannot help believing that the plant food added by Mr. Drake to his contest acre was, in this instance, the "great controlling factor" that influenced and controlled the yield; and that, exceptionally favorable as the season was, the half of the above yield would not and could not have been obtained had said plant food not been added. Contrary to the teachings of Messrs. Whitney and Cameron, when they roundly assert that "practically all soils contain sufficient plant food for a good crop yield," is the united experience of the entire farming world, our own included. I, together with many other practical men, experimenters and close observers, have found that, however perfect Dame ISTature jnay be in her operations, she is proverbially slow in her pro- cesses ; and her sons "art" and "science" have left their venerable yet still highly revered ancestor so far in the rear that she now has all she can do to keep in sight of her young, active and progressive progeny. Yes, this same progeny have discovered that even the very richest and strongest of soils may be still farther enriched and improved upon. Man's life Jiere below is altogether too short for him to fritter if aAvay in the vain effort of studying out "physical factors the exact natui*e of which is yet to be deter- mined," in their relation to crop yield, while there is so much exact and positive data, reliable data at that, the exact nature of which has already been worked out. Whenever a soil is well supplied with plant food, either natural or artificial, or both, whenever a soil is well supplied with organic matter, whenever the crop is adapted to the climate, good seed planted, the soil moderately deeply prepared and the crops thoroughly cultivated, with the rainfall neither deficient nor in excess of crop requirements and with climatic and seasonal conditions favorable, success in the way of maximum crop yields is assured. There is no mys- 590 THE SOUTHERlsT PLAN"TER. [September, tery about it. No "physical factor the exact nature of which is yet to be determined." The puzzle with the average agriculturist is not so much to find out the various "physical factors" or chemical or climatic or seasonal factors that influence crop yields, as it is to bring as many of the favorably influencing or controlling factors together as pssible and bring them to bear on his own individual case. What man has done, under similar circumstances, can be done again, the puzzle being, how to bring together those "similar circumstances." They seem to be as elusive as are the undetermined "physical factors" of Messrs. Whitney and Cameron. Gomez, Miss. G. H. Turneb. THE WHOLE SYSTEM OF FARMING AS PURSUED BY THE AVERAGE COTTON RAISER RADICALLY WRONG. ''a. c. k." (A Chronic Kicker). Editor Southern Planter: It is needness for us to try to enlighten the cotton raiser as to the system (or lack of system) pursued by himself, his daddy, and his grand-daddy, before him. They are all well posted along this line ; they have also seen the evil results following from this system in the way of eroded, washed away and worn out fields, impassable gullies, depleted fertility, and, as a perfectly natural result, annually decreasing yields per acre, per hand, and per farm. Everything, even down to the manufacture, sale and use of the various improved implements, simply tends toward a still greater and more complete depletion of the fer- tility of onr soils. What are we going to do about it ? Is it not time to call a halt, and revolutionize a system that has brought nothing but destruction in its train ? Many good men have realized this destruction, as evidenced by the various remedies proposed, as, for instance, the "raising of live stock" of various kinds, "diversification," etc. ; all of which advice is good, in some instances, but utterly useless because impracti- cable in others. Let us take "stock raising," for in- stance, which has been so often so extensively and so strenuously advocated as a panacea, a cure for all the ills of a poverty stricken soil, as well as of a poverty stricken "rural population." Is it a remedy for the existing evil ? We deny it. If a remedy at all, is it of universal application (if not, it is a failure as such) ? In many thousands of instances it is utterly and entirely impracticable; and even if "practicable," would be without efficacy. In a country where cattle can roam in the fields and pastures 300 out of the 365 days in a year, thereby making their own living for the 300 days, is it to be expected that a man should build expensive barns, with cement floors, and keep his cattle housed the biggest half of the year, feeding them, watering them, and cleaning out their stables, etc., just for the fun of handling a few extra loads of manure annually ? If so, where would be the ad- vantage of living in a clime where forage is abun- dant and shelter comparatively unnecessary. And if this exceptionally favorable climate is taken the ad- vantage of that could and should be taken where, fill, where, is the benefit to the cotton fields from the keeping of live stock as a fertilizer factory. Theory is one thing, practical experience another ; aside from a few dairy farms (where more or less feed was an- nually purchased from abroad), we have yet to see a single instance where the fertility of the entire farm was even maintained, much less increased by the keeping of live stock. For fully one-third of a century we have been en- gaged in the raising of cotton as a "cash crop," but while this is the case, Ave have always believed in and practiced such a "diversification" of crops as should render us practically independent of the entire out- side world, so far as the "necessaries," and even many of the "luxuries" of life are concerned ; we also try to raise a sufiiciency of live stock of most all kinds to nbundantly supply the needs of our own individual farm ; we save the manure, but owing to pasturing everything, even our meat hogs, almost the entire year, have but little to save, and from both an ex- tended experience and extensive observation, know that there are hundreds of thousands of our cotton raisers in the same fix. The remedy, then, and the only remedy for our depleted soils, or at least the only remedy that is practicable alike to all, and of imiversal applicability, is to so rotate our crops as that the same crop shall never be allowed to follow it- self on the same land for two consecutive years ; and to so arrange said rotation that fully one-third of the total area planted shall be devoted to some one of the logiTminous crops, as cow peas, clover or vetch. As the leading object in the raising of leguminous crops i- (or should be) the maintainance or increase of fer- tility, the more luxuriant the growth of the recupera- tive crop, the greater the amount of nlant food fur- nished by it to the succeeding crop; hence to bring about an increase of fertility in any given soil, it is not sufiicient simply to sow the land down to cow peas or clover, but everything shoidd be done that can be 'lone toward ensuring the most luxuriant growth pos- sible, and for the furtherance of this object, the plants must be fed. Each and all of the leguminous crops are greedy consumers of potash and phosphoric acid, nnrl where these are flefieient (which is invariably the case in all old, well worn soils), but little growth of the recuperative crop will take place, but little nitro- gen will be attracted from the atmosphere, but little actual recuperation take place. When 300 to 600 pounds of a fertilizer containing 8 per cent, each of 1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER 591 both potash :.nd phosphoric acid is applied to each and every acre of cow peas planted, an increase of from 50 to 100 per cent, in the yield of the succeed- ing crop of cotton may be reasonably expected and confidently looked for, even without the direct appli- cation of fertilizers to the cotton crop ; but when, in addition to fertilization of the peas, the cotton also is fertilized direct with from 400 to 800 pounds of a fertilizer analyzing about "3-8-4" for ordinarily fer- tile soil, or "10-4" (omitting nitrogen) for very rich soil (or those producing excess of weed) double speed in fertilization is made, and the crop yield may be doubled, trebled or even quadrupled. Whilst there is great truth in what A. C. K. says as to the bad system of farming amongst cotton raisers, we cannot agree with him that live stock hus- bandry is not largely a remedy for this. There is no place in the whole world where live stock can be raised, grown and fattened as cheaply as in the South if a proper system be adopted and followed, and there is no place so near to the largest and best markets of the world for meat and dairy products. With such a conjunction of circumstances, live stock husbandry can be pursued successfully, and is bound to resu.lt in improvement of the land and profitable crops. — Ed. ENQUIRERS' COLUMN. LARGE YIELD OF WHEAT IN HALIFAX CO., VA. Editor Southern Planter: An esteemed neighbor, Mr. ISTewton A. Tulloh, ma43 a very fine crop of wheat this year, the yield surpassing anything I have ever known in the State. He is so modest he will not write you himself, so I venture to rise and write for the benefit of others on how he secured such a phenomenal yield : He seeded five acres, and the yield was a little over forty bushels to one sown. From the five acres a crop of clover was cut last year; he then fallowed the land with a four-horse plow, pulverized the soil with disk harrows and then dragged it thoroughly and sewed the land in peas, as every farmer ought to do, then fallowed the field preparatory to seeding it in wheat. With the land thus nicely prepared the wheat was sown. During the winter — which was an exceedingly cold one — when the land was frozen, Mr. ' Tulloh would haul out his barnyard manure and spread it over the field, thus saving it from the se- verity of the cold. There are many other farmers in our State who can do as well doubtless, and I hope they will try. Halifax Co., Va. Samuel L. Adams. We would refer readers to our remarks on the proper preparation for a wheat crop in our article, ''Work for the Month." There is danger in plowing down a pea crop as a preparation for wheat unless it 13 done very early, — Ed. Enquiries should be sent to the oflBce of The SotJTHiaif Planteh, Richmond, Va., not later than the 15th of the month for replies to appear in the next month's issue. Feed Value of Wheat, Rye and Oat Hay Compared With Clover Hay— Feed Value of Buckwheat. Will you, in your next issue (August), please give the relative feeding ratio in protein, carbo-hydrates and fat of wheat, rye and and oat hay, as compared with good clover hay? Please give them separately and not as a mixture of the three cereals. Please give also the feeding value of whole buckwheat for horses, cows and hogs as compared with corn and bran. If you have or can procure any statistics from which you could give the approximate weight of the hay per acre of the cereals where the growth is me- dium length you would confer a favor on Richmond Co., Va. Inqttieee. Although we have tables giving the analysis of hundreds of different feeding plants, grains, tubers and other food stuffs, and the reports of the analyses made of different kinds of roughage at the various Experiment Stations since they were established, we cannot find amongst all these an analysis of the com- position of wheat hay or rye hay. We find oat hay cut when in the milk stage to contain 9.3 protein, 39.0 carbo-hydrate, and 2.3 fat. Ked clover hay con- tains 12.3 protein, 38.1 carbo-hydrate, and 3.3 fat. We will look further into this matter, and, if possible, secure the information desired and publish later. We have numbers of analyses of the grain, straw and chaff of these cereals, but it is evident that as hays they have been little investigated. Buckwheat con- tains 10.0 protein, 64.5 carbo-hydrate, and 2.2 fat. Corn, 10.5 protein, 69.6 carbo-hydrate, 5.4 fat. Bran, 15.4 protein, 53.9 carbo-hydrate, and 4.0 fat. We have no statistics giving the average weight of hay per acre made from the cereal crops, but should estimate same at probably about two tons to the acre. —Ed. Yield of Rye in Virginia. Eeferring to oiir editorial note m the August Planter, about the yield of rye in Virginia, Mr. H. L. Trollinger reports a yield this year on "Buena Vista" Farm, in Pulaski county, Va., as follows: Twelve acres rye threshed out 345 measured bush- els, or an average of 28 3-4 bushels per acre; five acres (adjoining) barley 167 bushels, or 33 per acre. The rye and barley grew on a strip of branch bottom containing 17 acres. The barley, before being cut, looked apparently not very good (having been frozen 592 THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEK. [September, out somewhat last winter), and the yield was a sur- prise to us. The rye was as fine a stand as we ever saw, and we expected 20 bushels per acre, but were greatly surprised at the big yield. We think fully 20 bushels wasted and left on the ground by blowing down and not cut by* the binder. We got a good set of clover and timothy with both the rye and barley. Our average yield of rye has been for several years about 12 bushels per acre. L. P. Steaenes. Warwich Oo., Va. Sun Cured Tobacco. 1. Can tobacco grown on gray land be sun cured profitably in this section ? 2. Will it heat in handling and marketing? Please give process for sun curing tobacco. Campbell Co., Va. C. A. Ferguson. 1. We doubt very much whether tobacco grown in Campbell county Va., can be profitably cured as sun cured tobacco. Attempts have been made in several counties outside the sun cured tobacco section to cure tobacco so that it would compete successfully with the tobacco of the sun cured section, but the market al- ways discriminates against it, claiming that whilst in appearance it compares favorably, yet that it lacks a "something" in iise which can only be found in to- bacco grown in Caroline and adjoining counties. We do not advise the attempt. Grow a type of tobacco suited to your section and cure accordingly and aim to make it the best of that type, and it will sell on its merits. 2. Genuine sun cured tobacco should be cured on the scaffold in the field and finished off by air curing ill the barn. If properly cured it will not heat in handling and marketing any more than tobacco cured by fire. — Ed. Alfalfa. 1. I have about three acres of river bottom sandy and damp, but not wet. It also has sorrel. I have it now in soy beans. Would you advise me to sow in alfalfa? 2. Will the soy bean inoculate the ground for al- falfa ? • L. H. Haeeis. Lee Co., Va. 1. We have very little doubt but that the land would grow alfalfa. When you have limed the land and made it rich enough to grow alfalfa the sorrel will disappear. It is an evidence of the want of fertility in the soil, and of an acid condition, which lime will rectify. 2. The soy bean bacteria is not available for inocu- lating for alfalfa. You must get alfalfa bacteria.-^ Ed. Inoculation for Legumes — Vetches. 1. Give methods of inoculating and bacteria cul- tures for each of the principal leguminous crops, in- cluding alfalfa and vetch. 2. Will the germ die in unimproved soil when no fertilizer is used ? 3. What will the preparations cost and best place obtained ? 4. What is the best paying variety of Pecan for this section ? How far apart should they be planted Avhen set alone ? Also distance with pears between, best fertilizer, and how much used locally ? 5. What do you think of vetch as horse food sown in fall with rye or oats ? 6. Will this cure well when cut with binder and allowed to stand in small shocks ? 7. Can a fair crop be raised on gray land (with- out fertilizer), producing five barrels of corn per acre ? 8. Does it impoverish land growing this crop for hay, and what is the value of vetch and rye grown on such land for fallow? 9. Will one or two subscribers answer 'this question for a Western farmer subscriber, "Why is land so cheap in this old country, so often spoken of as 'God's Country' ?" Would like to have this answered fully. Dimuiddie Co., Va. C. A. L. 1. The bacteria for inoculating most of the legumi- nous crops can be had from the Department of Agri- sulture, Washington, free of charge. This means that sufficient can be had to inoculate the seed re- quired to sow a small plot. After this plot has pro- duced the particular legume inoculated for, then soil from this plot can be used to inoculate seed for a large area. The land is inoculated either by infecting the seed with the bacteria by mixing same with some soil and water and then mixing the seed with this or by mixing same with soil and spreading the soil on the land, and then sowing the seed. Or the land may be infected by getting a bag of soil from land gTOwing the particular legume desired and spreading this soil on the land desired to be infected. One hundred pounds of infected soil Avill inoculate an acre. 2. The bacteria will continue to increase in the land if the particular legume to which it is peculiar is grown on the land either continuously or at no greater intervals than two or three years. The pres- ence of the particular crop and not fertilizer is es- sential to the continuance and spread of the bacteria. 3. See reply to No. 1. 4. So few Pecans have been grown in this State that it is not possible to answer this question. The growing of Pecans so far north as Virginia as a com- mercial crop is yet only in the experimental stage. 1904.] TKE SOUTHERN PLANTER 693 We would not advise any one to plant more than a few trees as an experiment. We have reports of iso- lated trees in different parts of the State bearing freely, but whether they will pay when grown in large orchards remains to be seen. 5 and 6. The Hairy Vetch and the English Vetch both make excellent forage crops grown in mixture with oats or rye, but especially with oats, which are a much better feed than rye. The best way to harvest the crop is to cut it with a mower like a hay crop and cure like curing clover hay. 7. Land such as this would not produce a heavy crop unless helped with some acid phosphate or nu' nure. 8. The growing of vetches improves land in so far as they add nitrogen and humus to the soil, but they like all the legumes are large consumers of phosphoric acid and potash, and unless there is an abundance of these in the soil or they are applied freely, the crop will not make a heavy growth. They make good hay and an improving fallow. — Ed. Lime Spreader. Please let me know where I can find a manufac- turer of a lime spreader, as I want to buy one. Bedford Co., Va. A Subsckibee. The Kemp & Burpee Manufacturing Co., Syracuse, N. Y., and the Smith Manure Spreader Co., Chicago, both of whom are referred to in this issue, make ma- chines which will spread lime. — Ed. Grubs in Nostrils of Sheep. I have lately killed for food a number of lambs that were dropped in April. They are fat and good, but I find in the noses of each one or more grubs. Can these grubs be removed or kept out in any way ? I have them running in old pasture. Bedford Co., Va. H. S. Hubbaed. The grtibs found in the nostrils are the larva of the sheep bot fly. This fly, which is almost like a small bee, will be found buzzing about the sheep and caus- ing them great alarm. They will seek to hide their beads in bushes or grass, as they know instinctively that the fly is seeking their nostrils to deposit the egg, which almost immediately hatches into a grub. This grub has a pair of hooks on its head, by which it makes its way up the nostrils and attaches itself to the membrane lining the cavity of the skull, where it spends about three-fourths of the year, emerging when fully grown and falling to the ground, where it makes .its way into the soil, and in the warm, early summer changes into the fly which at once begins its work of pestering the sheep. Unless the grubs are very nu- merous they do not seem to cause the sheep much injury. They are usually more a source of annoy- ance, causing sneezing and restlessness than actual injury. Many of the grubs are ejected by the snort- ing and sneezing of the sheep. Sometimes, however, the grubs get fixed so far back in the membrane of the skull lining that they cannot be forced out, and then cause brain trouble and serious danger to the sheep. There is no practical means of completely preventing the attacks of the fly. Tarring the nos- trils of the sheep frequently during the summer is the best that can be done. A mixture of tar and fish oil is better than tar alone as a preventive. The gruba may be usually removed by syringing the nostrils out with a syringe made specially for the purpose, which has a long bent tube or nozzle. A mixture of linseed oil and turpentine in equal parts is injected through tliis springe, and usually brings the grubs away. "V^Hiere the grubs become fixed in the skull and serious danger is threatened and they cannot be got out with the syringe, the operation of trepanning is resorted to. This involves the cutting of a hole through the skull bone and the removal of the grubs by means of forceps. All sheep and lamb heads, from dead or slaughtered sheep, should be burnt at once, as they almost invariably harbor grubs, and the flies are hatched from them and increase the trouble. The syringe required can be obtained from dealers in veterinary instruments, and probably from Marvin, Smith & Co., of Chicago. — Ed. Nitrate of Soda for Cabbage. I have cabbage plants set for fall and winter use, and wish to apply nitrate of soda, 300 pounds to the acre in three applications. Please advise whether to apply on top of soil or on one side of plant and then cover. Have used light application of dry, ground fish and kainit in drill. W. L. RussELii. Northumberland Co., Va. Apply the nitrate down each side of the rows on the top. It will melt as readily as salt, and find its way to the roots without any cultivation. — Ed. Protecting Hams from Si j 5 is soja bean straw after they have been threshed as good a feed as corn fodder ? W. M. Heatwole. Rockingham Co., Ya. 1. No. Soy beans will not usually make more than 25 or 30 bushels to the acre. 2. They are valuable as a feed for horses, cattle, sheep and hogs, but should not be fed alone. They are rich in protein (the muscle and flesh forming matter), and when fed with com supply what that grain lacks in this respect. Cora is a carbonaceous food making fat and supplying heat and needs pro- tein added to make it a complete feed. Much better results will be had from feeding the mixture than from com alone. 3. See No. 2. 4. A farmer and stock raiser should grow both in order to get the best results.. Dehorning Cattle. 1. Is there any danger in dehorning old cattle ? 2. What is the best dehorner ? 3. When best time for the operation ? I never had any experience dehorning. Have about fifty head to dehorn before winter ; would be glad of any informa- tion you deem necessary for a beginner. 4. Can you give me the address of some manufac- turer of pure bone meal. R. M. Lewis. Mecklenburg Co., Va. 1. No ; not unless done when flies are troublesome and care is not taken to keep them out of the wounds. 2. The H. H. Brown Manufacturing Co., Decatur, 111., and M. T. Phillips, Pomeroy, Pa., both make good dehorning instruments. 3. Either before flies have become troublesome or after they have gone, but not in the coldest weather of winter. Have some tar on hand and cover the stump of the horn and around it with this after the horn has been removed. 4. We do not know any local maker of bone meal, but you will get it as cheap from the seedsmen who advertise in the Planter as from the makers. — Ed. Alfalfa. I have four (4) acres in front of my home that I am anxious to get into a permanent grass plat, and alfalfa is my great desire, if this land can be made to grow it. The soil is gray top soil and clay subsoil. Two years ago when I bought it, it was in wheat. Last spring it was well covered with stable manure, which was well worked in. Then it was sowed to peas, which made a tremendous growth. The vines were cut for hay, and the roots and about six inches of vine were turned under for green manure, having been limed first to prevent souring. The plat was then sowed, with disc drill, to winter oats, orchard grass and clover, with 350 pounds bone meal to the acre. I threshed 180 bushels of oats from this field this season ; but there is a miserable stand of grass ; and the field has been taken possession of by weeds. Now, if I fallow and subsoil this plat now, harrow, plough and reharrow several times, work in 20 bush- els lime to the acre and 500 pounds bone meal and sow 20 pounds alfalfa, thoroughly inoculated with alfalfa bacteria from Agricultural Department, will I be likely to get a good stand, if I sow alfalfa by the first week in September ? Or, would you advise sim- ply experimenting with one acre ? I am anxious not to lose this year's time, and yet do not wish to put the money in four acres unless there is a good chance 1904.] THE SOTJTHEEN PLANTER 595 of getting a stand. Every one in this neighborliood is interested in alfalfa and anxious to see some one make a stand. Is acid phosphate as good as bone meal for alfalfa ? L. L, L. Pittsylvania Co., Va. We are of opinion that if you treat this land as yon suggest that you will be able to get a good stand of alfalfa. It is very probable that you may have trouble with the weeds the first year, but if you take oare to cut the alfalfa several times, leaving the cut- ting as a mulch we think that the growth of the alfalfa will be vigorous enough to smother down the weeds, as the land is in a good state of fertility. As a source of phosphoric acid the acid phosphate is as good as bone meal, but the bone meal is also a source of nitro- gen, having 4 or 5 per cent, of that element, which is not to be found in the acid phosphate. The phos- phoric acid in bone meal is slower in action than that in acid phosphate, and is therefore more desirable for a grass or clover crop, Avhich will hold possession of the land for a number of years. — Ed. Breed of Sheep for Low Country— Winter Oats. 1. I am making arrangements to start a small flock of sheep on a farm in Wicomico county, Md. I want . a breed that will shear well, and that will mature a good crop of lambs each season for our local market. Of course, it is my intention to give the flock the best attention. I have a theory that all breeds of sheep do besi; in a high altitude. Am I correct in this. If so, is there a breed that flourishes to a greater extent than all others in a flat country such as the Maryland- Delaware- Virginia peninsula is ? Such a breed would be the one for us, I think. 2. Would winter oats be a safe crop to seed in this latitude, which is about the same as that of Culpeper and Stafford coimties, Va. ? If so, what varieties would best suit the conditions. Spring seeded oats do well here, but so far as I know, there never has been a trial of winter oats in the county. What is the superior advantage of winter oats over spring seeded oats ? C. Wicomico Co., Md. 1. You are no doubt correct in believing that nearly all breeds of sheep do best in a moderately high, rolling country. To do well sheep must have dry feet and dry sleeping quarters. In England there are two or three breeds which have been accli- mated to low lying sections of the country, but they are practically unknown here. In our opinion the breed which will best meet your conditions is the Shropshire. They have become thoroughly accli- mated in this country, and breed lambs that always rf-]] well on any market. They make a good fleece and good mutton. They do well in Eastern Virginia when properly cared for, and we think cannot fail to do so in Maryland. 2. We know of no reason why the Virginia Gray Winter Oats should not succeed in your section. Your climate is very like that of sections where they do well in this State. The advantage of the winter oat is that it makes a better yield of heavier oats than spring varieties do in the warm climate of the South. It grows and matures in the cooler part of the year, and the oat being naturally a cool climate crop, this one best suits our climatic conditions. — En. ' 1 Home Brewed Beer. Can you give me, through the columns of the Planter or otherwise, a receipt for making the old- fashioned English home brewed ale and beer. This is more a question of the home comfort of the agricul- turist than it is of advancement in agriculture, but I trust you will consider it within the province of your paper to reply. W. H. Calhoun, Jr. Ashe Co., N. C. When a boy at home in the "Old Country," "brew- ing day" was as regular an event as "baking day." Home brewed beer was always on draft in the cellar and served on the table at dinner time every day. This was the custom in the homes of both rich and poor in my county. This is now so long ago that I have forgotten the proportions of water and malt used. This, however, I do know, that the proportion of water used was large for the quantity of malt, for no one was ever known to become intoxicated with the beverage, and yet it was wholesome and nourish- ing. The only ingredients used in making the beer were barley malt, hops and water, and it was fer- mented with yeast, the custom being to save yeast from one brewing to another for this purpose. The malt was put into the mash tub, and water, which had boiled and then just had the boiling checked with a dash of cold water, was poured upon it, and the mash allowed to stand an hour or so, when the liquor was drawn off into another tub and put into a large flxed iron pan with a fire under it and boiled for a certain time, a few pounds of hops being added to give it a slightly bitter taste. After boiling the liquor was cooled, strained, and then set to ferment in a large tub, yeast being added to start the fermentation. After fermenting 24 hours the beer was then put into barrels and kept in the cellar, where it was cool, be- ing drawn from as required. — ^Ed. Frog Farming. Can you give me any points about frog raising, 596 THE SOUTHERN" PLANTEE. [September, and whether it would be remunerative ? I live on a large farm, and think I might utilize a piece of swamp land, and as I live about fifty miles from Washington, thought there might be demand for frog legs at the large hotels. A Stjbsceiber. Fauquier Co., Va. We must frankly confess that we know nothing about frog farming or its potentialities for profit. Possibly some of our readers may know something about it. If so, please reply. — Ed. Vinegar. Can you or your readers tell me how to keep vine- gar to have it strong for a long time ? Chesterfield Co., Va. H. Dewhtjest. The vinegar after it is sour should be drawn off into clean casks or bottles and be sealed up tightly, and it will keep its sourness indefinitely. — Ed. Removing Stumps. Could you please give me advice in the September issue of the Planter as to which is the safest and cheapest way to blow out stumps, mostly white oak, from 10 to 20 inches in diameter, trees having been cut down for several years. Should you advise dyna- mite, then please let me know how same must be handled and where it can be bought, and in what amount and price. A Subscriber. Lunenburg Co., Va. Dynamite is the safest, surest and cheapest means to use to remove stumps. Twenty cents' worth of dynamite will remove any one of such stumps as you mention when properly applied. It requires some practice, however, to know where best to place the charge. Usually the best way is to bore a hole into the stump near the ground and between the main roots. Use an augur with a lang shank and bore the hole about one-eighth of an inch larger than the diameter of the cartridge of dynamite, so that it will go in easily. One cartridge is usually sufficient, but in an old, large stump two are more certain. Bore the hole well into the centre of the stump. Before inserting the cartridge insert the exploding cap and fuse and then push the cartridge home and tamp solid with soil, tamping gently at first and more firmly as the hole is filled. Let the fuse extend a foot or eighteen inches beyond the hole, and after lighting it get 100 yards away. It is as safe an explosive as can be used, and with ordinary care in handling no accident need occur. Write Southern Railway Sup- ply Co., whose ad. you will find in the Planter, for l)r{c.e of dynamite, telling them the purpose for which you want it. — ^Ed. Staining a Floor. I have a pretty white pine floor in my house. I find it next to impossible to keep it clean. 1. Please tell me some good preparations for color- ing floors. I prefer something that will not make ihem very dark ? 2. How much must I get for a room 18x20 feet. Mrs. W. T. Henley. King and Queen Co., Va. The paint and drug stores sell staining of various shades for this purpose. Write the Tanner Paint & Oil Co., Richmond, for particulars of these and quan- tity necessary. Say we referred you to them. — Ed. Johnson Grass. ISText spring I propose to put in Johnson grass sev- eral acres of my farm, and in the meantime would like to get the experience of others who have grown this grass north of Richmond, Va. What I wish par- ticularly to ascertain is the effect of our northern winters upon it. ,Will it withstand our frost? District of Columbia. R. S. Lacy. Will some reader who has had experience in the section referred to please reply. We know there are numbers of farmers in that section who have Jried the grass. — Ed. Seed Oats and Wheat. Please answer in next issue whether it is better to sow now the winter oat from the fall or spring seed- ing, and if it would not pay to get our seed wheat from a limestone section ? Can you recommend a person or locality from whence same can be procured ? Mecklenburg, Co., Va. C. B. Ceowder. Sow winter oats from a fall seeded crop. It would ]irobably pay to get seed wheat from a limestone sec- tion, if not too far away from your section. The best crops are usually made from seed acclimated to the section w^here groA^^l. See our advertising col- umns for the names of parties offering seed wheat and oats. — Ed. "Can Alfalfa Be Made Into Good Silage?" The above question asked you in the July South- ern Planter is fully answered in Farmers' Bulletin, 'No. 124, which can be obtained by writing to U. S. Department of Agriculture. This bulletin says it can. R. L. Waldrop. Mabelton, Va. The bulletin referred to contains a report of a small experiment made at the Colorado Station, which was a comparative success. There does not appear, however, to have been any practical work on this line on a large scale anywhere. — Ed. 3 904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 597 Grass Seeding. If convenient and space permits, would like to have yon advise, through the Plantee., the best method to put about 100 acres in grass for pasture this fall, if possible; 30 acres upland wheat stubble, 50 acres up- land oat stubble, 20 acres bottom, in corn now. Some very poor spots we intend to manure. It is quite a distance from the barns, so will probably have to use fertilizer and lime on all of it except probably the bottom land. Any advice you can give us will prob- ably interest others, as a great many in this section intend to seed down pastitre. Would also like tO' know the best seed and quantity for permanent pas- ture. The soil is rather heavy, part red, part gray, clav subsoil. Elkton Stock Farm. Bedford Co., Va. In our August issue in the article "Work for the Month" we wrote somewhat fully on the subject of seeding to grass, and to this article refer the enquirer. The wheat and oat stubble can well be seeded this fall. It ought, if possible, to be done this month, so that the crop may get well started before winter. Prepare the land as finely as possible by plowing and frequent working with the harrow (the cutaway or disc is best), roller and smoothing harrow. Apply lime, say from 25 to 50 bushels to the acre, after plowing and work this in. Then just previous to sowing the seed apply from 3 to 500 pounds of bone meal to the acre, and work in. Sow grass seeds alone without a grain crop, and cover lightly by rolling if dry enough, followed by the smoothing harrow. For pasture mix orchard grass, tall meadow oat grass, herds grass, meadow fescue, Virginia blue grass and perennial rye grass in equal parts by measure and sow at the rate of 3 bushels to the acre, adding also 5 pounds of alsike or red clover per acre. The corn hmd cannot be seeded with a fair prospect of success this fall. Sow it in crimson clover, wheat, oats and rye mixed for winter and spring pasture. Plow down in spring and sow to peas and then sow grass in the fall.— Ed. duction of stalk at the expense of the ear. This ten- dency it is desirable to counteract by selection. The tassels of all barren stalks should be cut off before they disseminate pollen. If this practice. was con- sistently followed by all corn gTOwers the percentage of barren stalks in corn crops could be rapidly reduced and the yield of crops be largely increased. — Ed. Selection of Seed Corn— Barren Stalks. If there are two or more ears of corn on a stalk, would the top or bottoha ear make the best seed ? and does it make the seed worse to allow stalks that have tassels and no ears to remain in the field, or should they be cut out ? W. H, Clakk. JPatrick Co., Va. It is usually best to select the bottom ear as seed from this ear is likely to induce the habit of earing nearer the ground and reducing the height of the com. All com grown in the South has a tendency to grow too tall, thus expending plant food in the pro- Patent Fertilizer Lime. Will you please advise me through the columns of your paper as to the advisability of using "patent jirocess fertilizer lime," as per enclosed pamphlet, in the place of acid phosphate and potash, on a pea stub- ble for wheat ? What relation has this lime to the old agricultural lime and to land plaster, as to results or action on the soil ? If the same, is the quantity suggested, 250 poixnds per acre, suificient ? ^Vhat would be the re- sult if used with other fertilizers ? A Subsceibee. Culpeper Co., Va. The Ohio Experiment Station has conducted ex- periments with this so-called hydrated lime in com- parison with common lime, and reports as follows: "We have as yet no reason to believe that the so- called 'fertilizer lime' possesses any virtues not found in common lime." Lime is not strictly a fertilizer, and cannot be made to take the place of plant food in the form of manure or fertilizer. Its beneficial effects arise from its power to make inert plant food in the soil avail- able, and to its action on the physical and mechani- cal condition of the soil. Lime in any form should not be used immeidately in connection with commer- cial fertilizers or farm-yard manure. Used in con- nection with fertilizer it has the effect of reverting the phosphoric acid into an insoluble form, and in connection with manure of releasing the ammonia. — Ed. To Prevent Skippers in Hams. I see several inquiries in the Southeen Plantee as to keeping skippers out of hams. For sixteen years I have cured from one hundred to one hundred and fifty hams per year, and have not had a skipper on any of them. When you take the meat out of the salt to hang it, clean off the loose salt and apply pul- verized borax to the cut parts freely. Skippers will not bother the meat if kept in a light smokehouse. A large baking powder can with holes in the top is a good thing with which to apply the borax. I have never had any complaint from my customers, and the hams do not show that the borax has been used, and it is not injurious. All the farmers in this section of the country use this remedy, and there is very little loss from skippers. Alexander Black. Montrj ornery Co., Va,. 698 THE SOUTHEEl^ PLANTER. [September, Trucking, Garden and Orchard. WORK FOR THE MONTH. The wDrk of harvesting and storing or shipping the various fruit and root crops vs^ill require constant at- tention this month. Do not allow fruit to hang on the tree until it has become overripe, nor allow root crops to remain in the ground after they have ma- tured. The sooner they are gathered after they are ripe or matured enough to keep the better they will keep through the winter and the nicer condition they will be in when shipped to market. All fruit and root crops pass through a "sweat" after they are gath- ered, and they should not be stored for winter keeping until this "sweat" is over. Place them under cover in any airy, dry place in small piles or heaps until they have ceased to sweat, then carefully sort them over and take out for immediate use all damaged specimens or those giving indications of early decay. Only perfectly sound fruit or tubers of any kind should go into winter storage or be shipped to market. Apples and pears keep best stored in slatted bins or ventilated barrels in a dry, airy room, where an equable temperature well above the freezing point can be maintained. Irish' potatoes, turnips, beets, mangels and carrots keep well stored in dry cellars well covered with straw, or made into pies or kilns on high dry ground, and well covered with straw and soil aufBcient to keep out rain and frost. Onions keep best stored on slatted shelves in a dry, airy room or shed, where the temperature will not go down below the freezing point. Sweet potatoes require to be kept at about 45 or 50 degrees, and should be well dried off by a higher temperature than this before being closed up for the winter. In the absence of such a warm cellar as this, they may be kept in kilns or pies well packed in pine tags or dry sand and covered thickly with straw and soil. Prepare the land for and sow kale and winter spinach in the place where the crop is to grow to ma- turity. These crops do not require the land to be over rich or they make too tender a growth to stand the winter frosts, yet they require a fair supply of plant food to push them into growth in time for early shipping North or for home use in the early winter months. Sow in driHs 2 feet apart and do not sow too thickly. The fall crop of cabbages and broccoli should be set out and pushed in growth by ciiltivation and the ap- plication of a top dressing of nitrate of soda, 100 pounds to the acre. They should begin to head up in October and complete their growth by November. Seed should be sowed towards the end of the month for the crop of early spring cabbages. The best va- riety to sow is Early Jersey Wakefield. Do not make the seed bed too rich. Short, stout, stocky plants are what is needed, ready to set out in October and No- vember. Potato onion sets should be planted out this month on rich, well prepared, land. Set in rows 15 or 18 inches apart and 6 or 8 inches apart in the rows. These make the earliest green bunch onions for spring, and a crop of dry onions which will mature for market before any of the seed varieties. Seed may be sowed towards the end of the month in beds to raise plants of the different seed onions for setting out in the spring. Sow the seed thinly. Southport White Globe, Pearl, Yellow Danvers and Red Wethersfield are good varieties. Seed should be sown in beds to raise lettuce plants for setting in cold frames for winter cutting and for plants for spring planting. Sow where the plants can be protected by mats or brush in winter. Strawberry plants may be set out in this and the following month. Prepare the land well and give it a good coating of farm-yard manure, 300 pounds of cotton seed meal and 300 or 400 pounds of acid phos- phate and 100 pounds of muriate of potash to the acre. Set the plants in rows 18 inches apart and 15 inches apart in the rows. Make the holes large enough for the roots of the plants to be well spread out and press the soil firmly to the plants, leaving the crowns of the plants just above the level of the soil. Clean up all trash, vines and vegetable refuse, and either burn the same or compost with hot farm-yard manure, so as to destroy weed seeds and fungous germs. Sow crimson clover or hairy vetch on all land not wanted for winter crops, so as to conserve and improve the fertility of the land. 1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE. 599 HISTORY OF THE PEACH. Editor Southern Planter: The peach has an interesting history. Whence came the long list of over 300 varieties we now have in cultivation ? Why is it that we have varieties now in cultivation pecTiliarly adapted to the citrus belt, but will not fruit at all in more northern climates ? Also, why is it that we have varieties hardy in bud and sure bearers in the middle States, but will not bear at all in the citrus belt ? The reasons are clearly brought out in the story of the peach's history. Therefore this history is not only interesting because it is about one of our most important luscious friuts, but also because most important lessons in regard to the cul- ture of the peach may be learned from its history. We have made a classification of the peach into five races, based largely upon the origin and history of the varieties. Since this classification became known more sure bearing orchards have been planted in the Southern States, where peach culture is now develop- ".ig most rapidly. The origin of the peach is shrouded in mystery. One author states that it was evidently in the ''Garden pf Eden." It was known to Theophratus 332 years B. C. . Its congener, the almond, is mentioned in the Bible as occurring in the days of Jacob. Alphonso de Candolle claims that the peach originated in China instead of Western Asia, as commonly supposed. Im- portations of peach stones, he claims, from China into Bokhara and Persia very possibly took place. That the peach originated from the almond, as advocated by Knight, is refuted by De Candolle on the ground of botanical differences and geographical botany. "It was brought from Persia to Italy by the Eomans in the time of the Emperor Claudius." The history of the peach really begins with the im- portation of this fruit into Italy, where a considerable quantity of it was grown at the beginning of the Christian era. It was cultivated in Britain in 1550, and was brought to the United States about 1760. Peach trees were found growing wild in Arkansas by IvTuttall in 1812. The first effort to start a good- sized peach orchard in the United States that I find any account of, was made by Mr. Bayley, of Acco mac county, Va. He planted 6,300 trees in an or- chard. The next commercial orchard was planted in Delaware in 1832 by Isaac Peeves and Jacob Eidg- way, near Delaware City. Earlier varieties of the Alexander type were introduced in the seventies, and they encouraged the peach industry greatly. In a few sections of Michigan and Delaware the peach in- dustry developed tapidly until the dreaded "peach yellows" was first recognized in 1867. In 1880 many pioneers in peach culture at St. Joseph and Benton Harbor had their orchards laid waste by "yel- lows," and they gave up in despair. Large orchards were destroyed in Delaware by yellows in 1890. Many of the large experiments with peaches were made in the ISTorthem States with what we call the "Persian Pace" of peaches. In the meanwhile a most important evolution was taking place in the South, about which little was being said. The "Per- sian Eace," the meaning of which I will explain later on, proved to be very unreliable in the South. In fact, in some States, it scarcely bore at all. Peach stones were imported from other countries with the hope of getting something better. From these im- portations new races have sprung into existence that are now revolutionizing peach growing in the ISTorth- ern as well as in the Southern States. Enterprising nurserymen and individual growers were trying to find varieties better suited to the Southern tier of States. jSTumerous seedling trees were grown from trees that fruited at home and also from seed obtain- ed from China, Australia, England, France and Spain. Here and there the best trees that fruited from the seedlings were saved. In some instances the foreign trees were grown near the native trees and nature crossed them. Seedlings from these crosses were fruited and varieties were produced that sur- passed everything in the peach line known in the world's history of the peach before. They are still being produced every year. It is too early to write a full history of the peach along this line, since we are in the midst of a great evolutionary period. Peach orchards on a gigantic scale are being set. It took over a century to learn that the peach from Persia was not well suited to the Central and Southern States. A peach orchard of 9,000 acres is being set in Texas, and when completed, will be the largest peach orchard ever known in the world. The races of peaches that make such large orchards possible as a financial enterprise at this time should be under- stood with clearness. We divide the cultivated varieties of peaches into five distinct races. (The botanical characteristics of these five rfices are described in detail by the author in Bulletin ISTo. 36, Texas Experiment Station.) The differences in these five races have -been brought about by the varieties having been grown so long in widely different climates. The Persian race originated in the high altitudes of Persia. Hence, many of these varieties are not at all suited to climates where the temperature seldom goes 600 THE SOUTHEEK PLANTER [September, down as low as 25 degrees E. Some of tlie varieties are tender in bud. Sucb varieties as Alexander, Old Mixon, Stump and Crawford belong to this race. Eor nearly two centuries varieties belonging to this race were the only ones planted in the United States. Therefore the many failures made (especially in the Southern States) can be readily accounted for. It is probable that we may find varieties from another race less susceptible to attacks of yellows and rosette than varieties belonging to this race. If so, the many waste places in the ISTorth where orchards now have been laid low by these dreaded diseases may be made to bloom crimson and pink again with the peach each recurring spring. This is a line of experimental work certainly worth trial in such localities. The ITorth China race is by far the most importaiit one known to the peach world. The Chinese Cling (Shanghai), which is the mother of the race, was brought over from China by Chas. Downing, through Mr. Winchester, the British Consul at Shanghai. Mr. Henry Lyon, of Columbia, S. C, to whom Mr. Down- ing sent a potted tree, was the first to fruit it in 1850. A second importation was made by Dr. William A. W. Spottswood, of the United States Navy, in 1860, and the peach stones were presented to Judge Camp- bell, of Pensacola, Fla. From this importation originated Lee, Stonewall and Spottswood varieties. Afterward, Mr. P. J. Berkmans and his father ob- tained a full set of the varieties from Mr. Campbell and began to experiment with this race. They origi- nated and introduced many valuable varieties. There are other noted varieties that came from this race, such as Carman, Mamie Ross, Family Favorite, etc., but the most noted of them all is the Elberta. It heads the list of all American varieties of peaches, and has proved to be a most wonderful stimulus to orchard planting in the United States. It originated from Chinese Cling seed planted in 1870 by Samuel H. Eumph, Marshallville, Ga., and was named after Mrs. Clara Elberta Eumph. While this race comes much further south than the Persian race, still the amount of Persian blood in the Elberta carries it well up into the Northern peach belt. The Spanish race was developed in the Southern States from seed brought over from Spain. So far I have been unable to find definite statements in re- gard' to the history of this race. It is commonly called "native peach," in many of the Southern States. Such varieties as Cabler, Columbia, Gal- veston, Texas and Victoria belong to this race. Some of the red streaked varieties were grown by the In- dians, and hence, in some Southern localities, such varieties are called "Indian peaches." These varie- ties bear heavily, and come further South than those * of the North China race. The name "Spanish Eace" was given because this group came from Spain to the United States. The South China race has been developed from the honey peach. From all I can learn, the honey peach was imported from China by Chas. Downing at the same time the Chinese Cling variety was, in 1850. The original potted tree never fruited with him, but when a budded tree from it was sent further South and placed in the care of the late Henry Lyon, Co- lumbia, S. C, it bore fruit. Later, the variety was placed in the hands of P. J. Berkmans, Augusta, Ga., and the only stock was held by him until 1858, when it was sent out the first time. The variety did not fruit well at Augusta, Ga., but when sent further south into Florida and Texas it bore well. The Cli- max, Coleman, Early China and Pallas are varieties that have come from this race. They fruit well in the extreme Southern States. Honey is supposed to have developed in Southern China, hence the name of the race. The Peen-to race grows best in the northern part of the citrus belt. The original Peen-to variety was im- ported from Australia by P. J. Berckmans in 1869, but it it came originally from China, where it is still well known. Angel and Waldo varieties are the most noted varieties belonging to this race. This race is supposed to have originated in a very warm climate of China, and it comes further south in the United States than any other peach. Consequently, bearing peach orchards are now growing further south, where it was impossible to produce the peach with other varieties before. We have our bearings now. Lasting foundations for successful peach culture in the United States have Wilson's Phosphate Mills From 1 to 40 H. P. Also Bone Cut- ters, hand and power, for the poul- trymen; Farm t'cBd Mills, «ra- hum t'lour Hand MIUa, t^rit and Shell Mills. Send for catalogue. WILSON JiKUS.. Solo iUfrs., iCastoii, Pa. f;/.ii|iiiiiii!iiilij!i.i!iiii:ilil! 1904.] THE SOUTHERN" PLAISTTER. 615 GRAIN DR and FERTiLIZEFl ' ' The TOKK FORCE FEES) DKILT- c... bines liphtness -Aith strensth. ilost complete drill maiip- >:ccorripIexgearing to getout of order. Boxes arerlosetogrotmd. Fully Eat-:ly regnli'.tea quantity of seed or fer- tilizer, and sows with regu- larity. Welch t. Only TOO Asetits Wanted. Write for Catalogue. THE HENCH&DROMGOLO CO- Mfrs., York, I'iu Superior to all other drills. Even distribu- tion of lumpy, damp or arj' fertilizers. In- creases croji profits, Hig.L wheels, broa'i tires, low steil frame. Fully warranted. Write for free catalogue, SPAN6LER MFG. CO., 804 Queen Street, York, Pa. PLANTERS, farmers, glnnars, cane gr'fnders and others desiring a conveni- ent and higfhly efficient pov/er. Nothing equals this little outfit.' Leffel Engines and boilers are the standards of excellence wherever known. They aAie find a hostof uses on plantation w^fliQ and farm and are so reasonaV>le ^jT in price as to come within reach of all. We make them like cut, horiz/'»ntal, mounted, etc, from aH.P.Up. Writ^tO-'Iaytellinsr^ (,s what yoi] -^d^h a p'^wer for and w* [•x^ CTititle'i. •■;">■//«? J:. '-.orjorrjy and Jifficicncy." Jamee Leffel A Co. Box 1 34^ Springfield, Ohio. WEST POINT IN AUGUST, 1904. (Mary Washington.) As so many Southern parents have sons at West Point, your correspon- dent being on a visit to that place, fancies that some items about it may possess interest for the readers of the Southern Plantee. Its location is so beautiful that I doubt whether even Switzerland can surpass it. Moun- tains and water combine to produce the perfection of scenery, whilst the stately buildings and military exer- cises going on upon the grounds lend life and animation to the scene. The young men receive the finest and most efficient training both mentally and physically; nor is their spiritual train- ing neglected either. They have a very faithful and zealous chaplain, and the Y. M. C. A. seems to have taken firm root amongst them. "Duty, honor, country" is the official motto of the Academy, and it is the constant aim of the officers and instructors in charge to train their pupils to act up to this high standard. Absolute truthfulness is insisted upon, and should any of the cadets be guilty of prevarication, even if it should not come to the knowledge of the officers, it would expose the de- linquent to such loss of caste amongst his comrades that existence would be scarcely endurable for him at West Point. In summer the cadets go in camp, re- maining there till August 28th, when they return to barracks. One class is annually allowed a furlough, those who have been there two years, and this is the only one they have till graduation, when, they are allowed to spend the summer with their families before be- ing assigned to duty in the autumn. Study is intermitted in the summer, but the drills and other martial exer- cises go on as usual. It is a gay place in summer, with a large floating pop- ulation, mostly feminine, and consist- ing mostly of mothers and sisters of the cadets. These young men thus re- ceive the finishing touch of polish by association with refined and cultured women. Three nights in a week they have a hop in the beautiful Cullum Me- morial Hall, built entirely for pur- poses of festivity, and it Is a charm- ing sight to see lovely young girls gliding along the brilliantly lighted ball-room (it has 340 incandescent lights on the ceiling), with the "spick and span" looking cadets, who dance with a peculiar and stately grace. Be- tween dances they sit on the portico overlooking the Hudson, which (espe- cially on a moonlight night) is beauti- ful as a dream. On the intervening three nights there is an open air con- cert, and the cadets sit out on the ground? with their relatives or other visitors. Indeed, there is always some- thing interesting going on, and nothing delights the spectators more than the daily dress parade and guard mount- ing, which are accompanied by the animated strains of the brass band. You see mothers and sisters galore on wheels will save you more labor and mate you I more money in a year than any other thiug you j could put upon ttie tai-m. Several Uuadred thous- I and farmeis who liave tried tliem say the same [ thing. By every test they prove to be the best. The spokes are united with hub solid, can't worlv loose. Your mont-y baolc IP they I do. We don't ask you to take our J word for it. Send for our boolc; / read what others say and use your | I own judgment. Our catalogue iS| I sent tree for the asking. ESeotric Wh^ei Co. Box 14® Isaincy; BlliinoBS. TiMwnwaT^ UGGIES SURBIES, DAYTONS, RUNABOUTS, SPINDLE. WAOONS, C.A.RTS, etc. 8' different styles and grades. Finest material and workmanship. Get our Drices and see our vehicles before purchasing. SAFETY BUGGY CO,, 1309 E, Main street. Richmond, Va, WE'LL PAY THE FREIGHT and send! Buggy Wheels, steel Tire on, . $7.85 With Rubber Tires, $15.00. I mfg, wheels % to4in. tread. Top Buggies, $28.75 ; Harness. t3-60. Write for eatalogae. Learn how to buy vehicles nnd parts direct. Wagon Umbrella FKEE. W . Y. BOOB,CiociluutI,0. Running Streams will force their own waters or water from springs to your buildings, fields or storage tanks, any height or distance with the Rife' Hydraulic Engine. _ The power that's alwayB going with* out attention or eipenao. Sold on 80 days trial. Book free. Ask for if RIFE ENGINE CO., 126 Liberty Street, New York. Burch Tattoo iarker For use In Kara Horses, Cattle, Slieep, Swine and Dogs PaEE catalogue of StockmcD'l 8uppli« F. S. BURCH & CO., 144 Illinois St., Chicago. For purposes of identifica- tion it is a veritable — - detective. Does not disfieore lanimals. narkerQiled :t Lfttcrs orFi^nres 92.S& postpaid. 616 THE SOUTHEEN PLAifTEE. [September, Clark's Tools for Large Hay Crops \ Clark's Rev. Bnsh Plow and Harrow !:;_!__ . Track 5 fl. wide, 1 ft. s-^. -jj2^^- ^p. Connects the sub- ^^^"irx' '1 water. It is an ex- -> " ' ("J pellont machine for ' j) • .' S covering in sugiir cane. > (-;trengln guaranteed. 1 V/iUVr Can plow a newly cut i >5 NT ^ forei't, stump, bush, or bog luna, leaves land true, clean for any crop. Clark's Double Action Cutaway ^.s=S^*,'T ■' ^^i^^ ■arrow moTCS 13,000 tons arth io a day. Send lor ClrcularB, Clark's Rev. 5ulky Disc Plow B^C'-u. T* ,T> Mad( 7r\...'S; _v. fe~^to te Made single or double One or two furrows five cfj, N.-,--^ r ^^— 'to ten inches deep; 14 \IJ^<''~Q3^-Jl PRICE AND aUALITY WILL PLEASE YOU— < WHITE US NOW. •E)®W WIRE WORKS- Louis vjLLE.K\t: HOC 9' Nil 1:1 STROMGESt MADE. Bolt etroDij. Chlcfeeit tight. Sold to the Farmer at Wholeiale Fiina. V11II7 Warranted. Catalog; Freeb COILSD 8PBIN6 FBNCB CO., Bu m Wlaehwtcr, luiUau, D. S. lo fBRE FENCE r'^''""''"" ^'''"^"^ WBnE. T EZinil^C stocl: tenceii»eper rod. Send Tor price list and FUEE catalofue of Wire Fence and full lino ol Fence Supplies. W. H. MASON & CO., Box 80 Leesburs, Ohio. FOR SALE CHEAP. A HARDING HUMMER ENSILAGE and FEED CUTTER, No. 14, almost new (Blower). Requires 10 horse power; my en- gine only 6 horse reason for selling. Price, ?fiu cash f. o. b. Cost ?108. A. L. FRENCH, ByrdvUle, Va. 1904.1 THE SOUTHERIT PLAITTEE. 617 Ttiilbatis The Largest Yielding, 'Heaviest Grain, Finest Quality Oats Grown. As hardy as wheat if sown early. Not attacked with f!y or rust. Stand up well. Afford the finest Fall, Winter and Spring pasture, and afterwards yield 60 to 70 bushels per acre cf the finest, heaviest, grained Oats grown. OUR falL catalogue Gives information about the best seeds for Fall sowing. Contains innproved Seed Wheat, Barley, Rye. Rape, 1,C00 Headed Kale, Al- falfa. Grass, Clover, and Vegetable Seeds. Maiied Free. Wrili.- todiiy f>v Citaloa Xu. 423. WoodfStabbs & SSo,, Louisvilie, Ey. ''How to Grow Paper-Shell Pecans" FKEE, if you mention Southern Plante'-. Best varieties in U. S. True to variety Cions cut from bearing trees by mem- ber of firm. Full descriptive Catalogue of ALL FRUIT trees, free B. \V. STOXE & CO , Thomasville, Ga Reliable Seeds ' Crimson and White Blooming Oer- man Clover, Rape. Vetches, Alfalfa, and all varieties Grain and Grass Seeds. We have a nice stock of ONION .SETS and GARDEN ■^EKD.S for fall planting. Write us for quotations. Mall orders given jjrompt attention. Pend ng your orflers and you will get good seed every time. DIQQS & BEADLES, \\ 1709 E. Franklin St., RICH.MO.ND, - . VIRGINIA. Catalogue mailei free on request. ■ ^ ii ^p'» » ' f « f i»^i •-• — '■'" ' ii FUMA )) ({ills Prairie Oogs, Wood- 'irain Insects. "The wheels of the gods grin^l slow but exceeding! v small." '^o ihe '.veevll. but you can stop their in"b " Fuma Carbon Bisulphide" a%'e dlT EDWAtfO R. TAYLOR, Penn Van, N. V lEarLabels (for SHEEP, HOGS land CATTLE, from $1.00 per 100 up. Best on Ibe market. Send for Free CtAa.\o%ut Stockmen's Svpylies. F. 8. BURCH & CO., 144 lliinolt St Chicago. F.S.BURCH (1846), and Johnston (1846), were all infantrymen, whilst Swell (1840) was of the Dragoons, and Stuart of the mounted rifles." In looking over a scrap-book in the library, fllled with clippings relating to West Point, my attention was ar- rested by the subjoining one, taken from "The Oregonian," Portland, June 12, 1902: "In our great civil war distinguish- ed graduates of "West Point fought on both sides of the terrible conflict. The number of graduates who served in the Confederate army were 299, and of these 151 became general officers. There are more West Pointers propor- tionately found amongst prominent Confederate generals than on the Union side, the Confederates having from the outset relied more on their West Pointers, and less upon political and militia officers than the North. Out of the civil war, on both sides, came the lesson that in a long war the trained soldier makes the best general. Hundreds of volunteer officers made brilliant brigade comanders before the close of the war. Some made excel- lent division commanders, but not more than three or four proved them- selves able to command an army corps. The truth is, the South carried over to its cause proportionately more of the talent of West Point than the North J. mong prominent Confederate Gen- erals were Lee, Beauregard, Bragg, Joe Johnston, Sydney Johnston, Stonewall Jackson, Longstreet, "Jeb" Stuart, Pickett, Heth, Early, S. D. Lee, A. P. Hill, D. H. Hill, Ewell, Hardie, Van Dorn, McLaws, Bee, Wheeler, Field, Wilcox and Pegram. The Union army included Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, Hancock and many other stout leaders of superior ability, but the Confederate list carries with it a higher military average." In a clipping from another paper (The New York Times) I read the fol- lowing: "West Pointers, professionally, are equally as proud, and with as good reason, of the Confederate generals as of those on the Union side." Jefferson Davis was also a graduate of West Point, and was amongst the many Southern officers who distin- guished themselves in the Mexican v.ar. In 1860, about nine months before the civil war broke out, Jeffer- son Davis was appointed to head a board for examining into the system of instruction and discipline at West Point, and recommending changes, con- ducing to greater ' iflciency, but the war came on so soon afterwards that the recommendations of the board were not acted on. Robert E. Lee was appointed super- intendent of West Point in 1852, a posi- tion which he held un{il 1855, when he was promoted Lieutenant-Colonel of the Second Regiment of cavalry, with which he served in Texas. Mention the Southebn Plantei In wrltlDK. Warranted to give satisfaction. GOMBAULT'S CAUSTIC BALSAM A safe, speedy and positive cure for Curb, Splint, Sweeny, Capped Hock, Strained Tendons, Founder, Wind Puffs, and all lameness from Spavin, Ringbone and otlier bony tumors. Cures all skin diseases or Parasites, Thrusli, Diphtheria. Removes all Bunches from Horses or Cattle. A3 a HUMAW BEMKH'V for Rhen- matism, Sprains, Sore Xhroat, etc., U is inyaluable. Every bottle of Caastfc Balsam sold is Warranted to give satisfaction. Price Sl.SO per bottle. Sold by drugrgists, or sent by ex- press, charges paid, with full directions for its use. Send for descriptive circulars, testimo- nials, etc. Address THE lA WHENCE- WILLIAMS COMPANT, Cleveland, Oliio. Bone Spavin, Bog Spavin. Eingbone or any kind of blemish— we have what you need to make a certain cure. Guaranteed always— money right back if It ever faus. Fleming's Spavin Cure (Liquid) for the soft bunches-Paste for the hard ones. A 45-mlDute application and the lameness goes. Lots of blemish infor- mation in the free book we send. rFislulsc Afvd Do yourself what horse doctors charge big prices (or trying to do. Cure Fistula or Poll Evil In fifteen to thirty days. Fleming's Fistula & Poll Evil Cure iB a wonder- guaranteed to cure any case— money back if it fails. No cuttlng-- no scar. Leaves the horse Bound and smooth. Write for our free book on diseases and blemishes of horses. TLEMINC BROS., Chemists, S80 Colon Stock Yards, OhloaKo, HI. ifOEATH TO HEAVES^ Unaranteed NEWTON'S Hcare, Coagh, Dis- temper and lodigeation Curee A veterinary specific for wiDd^ ,throat and stomacti trouMea. Strong recommends. Jl.OO par can. Dealers. Mail or Kx. paid. The Newton Bemedy Com Toledo, Ohio. NO nORE BLIND HORSES. For Specific Opt almla, Moon Blindness, and other Sore Eyes, Barry Co., Iowa City, la havea sure cure. BAGS FOR EVERYTHING; NEW OR SECOND-HAND; SOLD OR RENTED. Write for prices. RICHMOND BAG COMPANY, Richmond, Va. 618 THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE. [September, r QA:rs ANo RYE to produce la-ge, full grains require a comTjlete fertilizer rich in tj&^ BOOICS FREE Write to-dav for our valuable books on "Fertilization. " The information contained in them means wow^ to you. Address: GERMAN KALI WORKS 3*cn X'ork— 93 Xassan Street, or Atliiitta, Crt.— :JV' So. nroad «t. SEED OATS FOR SALE. 1,200 Bushels Virginia Winter Grey or Turf. These oats were sown In the Fall; are of a very superior qualltr and EXTRA HEAVY Grown In Albemarle County, in the Pied- mont section of Virginia, where the best seed oats obtalnabls are produced. Samples sent on application. AddreM WOODSIDE RTOfl- FARM, P. O. Box 145, Charlottesville, Va. THE NUT NORSERY CO. MONTICELLO FLA. Growers of FANCY and RATE VAHTETTEa by grafting in all of the more Important species of nuts. We have probably the FINEST STOCK OF GRAFTED PECANS In the South. Catalogue for the asking. J. F. .JONES. Manager. Strawberry Plants, Trees, etc. $1.C0 buys 1,000 nice young STRAWBERRY PLANTS, and if you are not satisfied with them, you can get your money bacli. Send for free catalogue. JOHN LIGHTFOOT, R. F. D. 2, Sherman Heights, Tenn. Extra Fine Seed Grain For Sale Qolden Chaff wh'-at ) Everett'.* Mijjh Orade wheatj' "earflless Red Wonder wtioat bearded Virginia Winter Gray or Turf oats All these varieties are strictly No 1 seed grain. Price wheat $1..')0; Oats7.5 cts per bushel. W. M. WaTKINS and SONS, Saxe. Va. NOTES PROM THE WEST. Notwithstanding that Minneapolis is the wheat converting centre of the country, the average wheat yield of Minnesota is only that of the average of the United States — about 14 bushels per acre. Fourteen bushels — how ridi- culously meagre? Five years from now it will be much larger. Why, again? Because the State has one of the best State Farms and Experiment Stations in the country, and its work in wheat breeding has become famous in the cereal world. The State Farm has bred wheat with increased yield of 18 per cent. This means an increase, upon the same acreage, of fifteen mil- lion bushels of Minnesota No. 1 red spring wheat. It would mean an in- crease as applied to the whole United States of nearly three bushels per acre, or over a hundred million bush- els. The process is simple, as related to me by Professor Hays, the State Agriculturist. The first step is sim- ply a matter of selection. Each wheat seed is self-pollinating, and it will come true to seed. In a bushel of wheat there are various kinds. Some of the seed will produce at the rate of 15 bushels per acre; some at 20 bush- els, and some perhaps at 25 bushels, on good land. It is a question of se- lecting out the best seed. The first year's step is to take some good wheat and plant a large number of grains, about four inches apart. Out of the whole lot the very best 50 grains are selected and planted the following year. Out of this crop the best 50 are selected, which will be better than the 50 of the preceding year. And so on for several years. Finally, after eight or ten years 50 wheat kernels will result much superior to the origi- nal seed, and, as in the case of Pro- fessor Hays' experiment, these were then planted for seed, and as soon as a sufiicient amount had been accumu- lated, distributed among farmers and seedmen, who are rapidly introducing the improved seed throughout the State in place of the common seed. The more complex part of the experiment is the artificial crossing or hybridizing of different plants of this improved sub-variety. Professor Hays believes it is not too much to expect that 15 bushel wheat can be selected and bred up first to 20 bushel wheat, and later to 25 bushel wheat. "But I would not dare predict this," he said, "because people are impatient for immediate results, and such ac- complishments are secured only by long and patient, systematic effort." Professor Hays' accomplishments, however, already performed, even should they go no further, rank him as one of the foremost of the scientific agriculturists of the day who do things. The appointment of W. M. Hays, Professor of Agriculture in the Uni- versity of Minnesota, prominently mentioned as the President's probable choice for Assistant Secretary of Agri- ing of lamp-chim- neys is music to grocers. Macbeth. If you use a wrong chimney, you lose a good deal of both light and comfort, and waste a dollar or two a year a lamp on chimneys. Do you want the Index ? Write me. Macbeth, Pittsbursh. AQJsJlCULSUkAL LIME, HARDWOOD ASHES. Virginia and Maine Grown Seed Potatoes. Piiris Gieen, Paris Green Mixture, Bug Death. Land Plaster, Fertilizers, etc. Horse and Hand power Sprayers, Shipping Packages for fruits and vegetables. WRITE FOR PRICES. PERCY L. BANKS Box 182, Norfolk, Va. Ginseng, (iolden Seal andlSeneca Snake Root. Don't take but few square yards to pay more dividends than a whole farm planted in anything else. Send stamp for particulars, prices, etc. J. L. GIBSON, Bryson City, N. C. ^ GINSENG &. RAW FURS Wanted; full value for your goods. Write tor price lists. Address H. C. MBTCALF, Alstead, N. H. r^^\ er D\/ PLANTS. Very stocky, with '^tl«Cr>T large bushy roots From Im- ported seeds. Golden Self Blanching, White Plume, Giant Pascal, Golden Heart, 81.50per 1000; 90c.per500. p ^ ROCHELLE, Chester. N.J. THE HESSLERI I MAILBOX. ^ Best, Cheap- est and nost Durable Hall Box on the Market. Full G o vernment size and ap- proved by Post- master Gen- eral. Price of boxes, $1.00. Bra'ss locks, with chain, 86 cents. We make a discount on dozen lota. Oirculars Free. Orders shipped promptly. Beautiful Souvenir Button mailed free on ap- plication. H. B. Hessler Co., Factory A, Syracuse, N. Y, 1904.] THE SOUTHEEE" PLAI^TEE. 619 FARM MAPS. Have you a map of your farm, or Is your old map torn and falling to pieces? I make a specialty of farm map making, and should be glad to make you a nice map. If you haven't a map, copy the metes and bounds from your deed (be careful in copying), and mail to me; or if you want your old map copied, mail it to me. My maps are made on best quality mapping cloth (doesn't tear or fade), and look well framed and hung on the wall. Are '" ^u satisfied that your farm contains as n. my acres as you paid for? or are you buying or selling land and wish to know the area without going to the trouble and expense of a new survey? If so, let me calculate the area for you from the old notes on your deed. Many of our old surveyors were very careless with their calculations, and I may save you many times my small charge for calcu- lating. My charges are: For maps, |2.00 each; for calculating area, 10 sides or under, ?1.00; 10c. extra for each side over 10. DAVID T. WILLIAMS, Civil Engineer and Surveyor, 336 Main St., Danville, Va. VIRGINIA DIVISION. FARMER'S MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION. Chartered by State of Virginia. A fire Insurance Association for Farmers of Eastern Virginia. Organized January 9, 1899; amount Insured lanuary 9, 1904, J 400,600; policies secured by real and personal property, estimated value, $1,000,000. ■'end for statement of pUn and book ofmembfrshiptoCHAS. N. FRIEND, General Agent, Chester, Va. WANTED, A POSITION as far manager by a thor- oughly experienced man. Up in all branches. Ten years at last place. Can control some good labor. Unquestionable references fur- nished. Address PARMER, care of The Southern Planter, Richmond, Va. A. "WorKing Manager. Wanted for a small farm in Virginia. Must be a man of experience and push, under- standing the care of live stock and the work- ing of improved farm machinery. Only those with the best of recommendations need ap- ply. DR. THOS. W. KAY. 345 Wyoming avenue, Scranton, Pa. ..Working Foreman.. for large farm, wanted. Man with boys old enough for farm work preferred. Must be a hustler and up-to-date farmer. Best refer- ences required. Address P. O. Box 55, Green- wood, Albemarle county, Va. WANTED! ALL KINDS OF LIVE WILD BIRDS AND ANIMALS Particularly Deer, Wild Turkeys, White Squirrels, Dnckn, Swans, Bob White Quail, Grey Squirrels, Bear, Baby Rac- coons, Foxes Etc. DR. CECIL FRENCH, 718 Twelfth St. N. W.. Washlngtor. D. C. ..Second Hand Bags.. Wanted. Any kind, any quantity, anywhere. I pay the freight. GEO. T. KING, Rich- mond, Va. Mention the Southebw Planteb Id wrltla*. culture, would bring to that office not only one of the most practical farmers of the country, but a man thoroughly abreast of the times regarding the needs of greater agricultural education in the country schools. In fact, Pro- fessor Hays is considerable in advance of public thought upon this subject, and is, along with a few other far- sighted educators, endeavoring to drag public opinion after him. "By their fruits ye shall know them." This instructor of young men and women is not a theorist. He has educated hundreds of boys and girls in better methods of farming, and they have gone back to the farm to make of that business the greatest possible success. Minnesota and the northern Mississippi Valley owe much to him, and his appointment as Assistant Sec- retary of Agriculture would greatly broaden the scope of his valuable work. Secretary Wilson and i'rofessor Hays entertain the highest regard for each other. A Washington man who holds a gov- ernment position has a fine little flock of hens and sells from two to six dozen eggs a week, besides what his family consumes. He asks from two to four cents more for his eggs than the store price, according to the season. He gets it, and he could sell twice as many eggs right among his fellow clerks. Why? Because they all know i.hat these eggs Are absolutely fresh, and only the city dweller, who has to eat stale and limed eggs, knows how to appreciate fresh ones. If this can be done on a small scale by personal contact between the producer and the consumer, it can be done on a commer- cial basis by any farmer or poultry owner, providing he takes the same care which the Washington govern- ment clerk does. Have you read Kipling's "Jungle Book," in a chapter of which he tells about Letting in the jungle? The in- habitants of the jungle make it so un- comfortable for the man family of a nearby community by concerted at- tacks, that the humans leave the vi- cinity in despair and in a short time the jungle, with its rapid growth of vegetation, again holds full sway and all but obliterates the efforts of puny man to reclaim it from the wilderness. In a recent trip through such prosper- ous farming States as Maryland, Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, I noted many in- stances of the letting in of the jungle. Land which had been bravely cleared and planted to cultivated crops had been, after a few years, allowed to go back and to grow up to weeds, bram- bles and scrub. No dangerous wild beasts lurk therein, but the seeds of sloth. Indolence and bad management had everywhere sprung into promi- nence, and the land has become well- nigh as unproductive and as non-con- tributing to the human community as did the Indian jungle. Year after year Millboro Springs Colleget FOR YOUNG LADIES. 2,200 feet above sea level. Located in the heart of the Alleghanies. Pure spring waters. Preparatory and College courses. Special ad- vantages in Music, Art and Elocution. Horn* care and training. Session begins Sept. 27, 1904. Terms, moderate. Address J. GRA- HAM DAVIDSON, Milboro Springs, Bath county, Va. and Coz&6eirva£oi:*y of Music A High Grade College for Young Ladies. Delightful climate ; beautiful suburban location; new fireproof buildings. University -trained, ex- perienced teachers; reputation for thorough work, good health, fine table-board. Catalog free. Chas. B.King, Pres., Charlotte, If .C. Virginia Polytechnic Institute, (State Agricultural and Mechanical College) AT BLACKSBURG, VA. A SOUTHERN INSTITUTE OF TECH- NOLOGY. 54 Instructors. Thoroughly equipped Shops, Laboratories, and Infirmary. Farm of 400 acres. Steam heating and electric lights U dormitories. Degree courses in Agriculture, Horticulture, Civil, Mechanical and Electri- cal Engineering, Applied Chemistry and Gen- eral Science. Shorter courses In Practical Agriculture and Practical Mechanics. Total cost of session of nine months, including tui- tion, and other fees. Board, Washing, Teit- Books, Uniform, Medical Attendance, etc., $222. Cost to State students,$182. Next ses- sion begins Sept. 21, 1904. For catalogue and other Information, apply to J. M. McBRTDB, Ph. D., LL. D., President. School of Accomplishments. .Music, Artt Languages. SESSION BEGINS SEPTEMBER J5th. 18 Iowa Circle N. W. , Washington, D. C. MRS. ROUTT-JOHNSON, Principal. Scarr's Fruit Preservative. Sealed or air tight jara are not necessary In preserving Fruits or Vegetables. Being made from pure materials, this i'reservative does not Impair the flavor. Absolutely harmless. If your druggist or grocer cannot supply you, write direct to us. SCARR'S FRUIT PRESERVATIVE CO., Statesville, N. C. 620 THE SOUTHERN PLAITTER. [September, Northern Virginia Farms Of every class, adapted to Grain, Fruit. Dairy and Blue Grass, within five to thirty miles of Washington, D. G. No. 5. — 163 acres; half timber, ba) ance cleared; li miles from station Good 7 room house; large bam; good water. Price, $2,000. No. 16.— 130 acres; 20 in timber balance cleared. Good land. In good condition. Comfortable 4 room house Fine water. Five miles from station Fronts on Pike. Price, $20 per acre. No. 22. — 225 acres. Two and one half miles from station. Forty acres timber, balance cleared. Fine land In good condition. Good 7 room house. Large barn, etc. Price, $20 per acre. No. 23. — 50 acres truck and fruit farm. Price, $2,650. No. 25. — 175 acres. Grain and Blue Grass farm in Rockbridge county, li miles from Buena Vista. Fine condl tlon. Nice home. Price, $5,300. No. 28. — 516 acres. Grain and Blue Grass Farm, li miles from Buens Vista. First class condition. Hand Bome home; all modern equipments Price, $16,000. No. 34. — 50 acres. Truck and fruit farm, 12 miles from aWshington, neai railroad station. Excellent condition All Improved selected fruit. Price, $5,600. No. 30. — 50 acre farm in Loudoun county, 3i miles from rail. Price, $1,600. No. 33. — 400 acre farm in Loudoun county. Good grain and grazing land Price, $7,500. No. 35. — 400 acre farm in Loudoun county. Excellent grain and grass land. Modern improved buildings Price, $8,000. No. 3G. — 275 acre farm in Fairfax Fine quality of grain and grass land. Good buildings. Refined and edu- cated citizens. Price, $7,000. See April and May issue of South- KBN Planter for description of the above farms, and write for my farm list and full information. W. E. MILLER, HERNDON, VA. goes by and such lands lie practically idle, sustaining useless growths, where, by a little foresight and small guid- ance, the stores of fertility might be converted into useful and sightly groves of nut, post or wood-bearing trees, even admitting that it is im- practicable to work farm crops. There will never be a lack of a good market for locust or catalpa posts, railroad ties or telegraph and telephone poles, and there Is no latitude or longitude in the country where some useful and profit making tree will not make a merchant- able growth on the poorest soil. The years slip by rapidly, and useful, quick growing trees soon add large value to vacant land. If eight or ten years does not bring them into actual mar- ketable condition, it increases thfr value of the land they occupy, just as a two-thirds matured crop of wheat makes land more valuable than that which lies fallow; only that land once planted to trees yields a continuous annual crop for a man's lifetime. Experiments recently made in France for the purpose of ascertaining the nutritive value of salt for sheep show that sheep which had been fed salt gained in weight four and one- half pounds more than those which received no salt. Moreover, the sheep which received salt produced one and three-fourths pounds more wool and of a better quality than those which re- ceiver no salt. A report from Tennessee shows that the farmers of that State spend an- nually about $1,500,000 for fertilizers, whereas the droppings from the one million head of cattle of all classes in that State, according to results ob- tained at the Ontario Agricultural Sta- tion, are worth about $40 a head a year. It will be seen that an appall- ing waste is going on when one con- siders how insignificant an amount of stable manure is being placed on our farms. The English are great consumers of bacon. A vast majority of the people of that country eat bacon for break- fast at least six mornings out of seven throughout the year. Guy E. Mitchell. "CHICKEN CHAT." This is the citle of a very valuable little book issued by the Zenner Disin- fectant Company, 93 Bates street, De- troit, Mich. It describes all diseases to which poultrydom is heir and .gives a remedy for them. Everybody who keeps fowls, in either small or large numbers, should send for a copy of the book, which will be furnished free by applying to the above address. The rain it raineth every day Upon the just and unjust fellows; But, chiefly on the just, because. The unjust take the just's umbrellas. [|0|y|ES*NaiHE.PlACETO FIND THEM. No place in the United States can a man do so well at farming, for th e money invested, as in Virginia. Lands are cheap; climate good, and the best of markets close at hand. It is the State of all others, for a comfortable all the year round home. The James River Valley Colonization and Improvement Company ofier superior advantages to land purchasers. For free 36 page land pamphlet, address W. A. PARSONS, Vinita, Va. C &OMain St. Depot Richmond, Va. SIR The best grazing section of Virginia, Blue grass Indigenous. If you are Interested iH fruit growing or trucking, you can find no better country In the United States. BUT THE BEST and send for our free Real Estate Bulletin, it will help you find It. SOUTHWESTERN VIRGINIA LAND AGENCY, C. B. Thomas and L. P. Krennlng, General Managers, WythevUle, Va. .•To Homeseekers** " THE BUSINESS OF FARMING IN VIRGINIA." Is the title of a new pamphlet Issued by the Norfolk and Western Railway Company. We will gladly mail you a copy. W. B. BEVILL, PAUL SCHERER, Agt., G. P. A., Lands and Immigration, Roanoke, Va. FOR SALE OR FARM ON SHARES I will sell all or one-half my dairy business, or I will give the right man an Interest la profits to superintend same. A bargain for a good man. Apply OAK HILL STOCK AND DAIRY FARM, Wenonda, Va. D. & W. R'y. Northern Virginia, Oraliv Fruit, Dairy and Blue Qrass Farms of every Class within one hour of Wnshlngton, 1). C. LOUDOUN COUNTY Farms a Specialty Catalogue on application. p. B. BUE.LL CEL SON, R.eal Estate BroKers, Herndon, Fairfax Co., Va. For Exchange A Florida Seashore Hotel, open the year round. Nets the owner over $5,000 annually; win exchange for a fully stocked farm In Virginia or adjacent State; must come North on account of health. J. T. FLOURNOT, 793 Ocean Ave., Jersey City, N. J. 1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 621 Old Virginia Farms 25, 50, 100, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 acre tracts. Some of these highly improved and conve- nient to schools, churches, steam and trolley lines. Send for our new catalogue. HOCK- ADAY, CASSELMAN & CO., Box 257, Rich- mond, Va. 630 ACRE FARM Near Keysville, Va., for sale at ?4.00 per acre. This farm Is well wooded and watered; about half of it is In original growth timber valued at several thousand dollars. Am anx- ious to sell. Correspondence invited. T. E. PwOBERTS, Chase Citr, Va. FARMLANDS. The best locations, choicest lands in Vir- ginia. Grains, Grasses, Fruit, Poultry, Dairy, Stock. For information address REAL ES- TATE TRUST COMPANY, Richmond, Va. Owners desiring to list farms in new cata- logue now in preparation will write at once to W. M. Cary, Manager Farms Department. No charge for listing property. 319 ACRE FARM In Russell county, Va., for sale; fine grain and blue grass farm, under a high state of cultivation. Finely watered, containing five large limestone springs. Can be purchased reasonable. Parties interested are requested to call and see or address STEELE BROS.. Raven, Va. / Can Sell Your Farm... If located in one of these Virginia counties: Frince George, Chesterfield, King William. Gloucester, New Kent, King and Queen, Hanover. Send description, stating price. JOHN JELINEK, U16 Pine Alley, Braddock, Pa. "In the Green Fields of Vtrginia." Homes for ALL; Health for ALL; Happi- ness and Independence tor ALL. ALL sizes of FARMS at corresponding prices, but ALL reasonable. MACON & CO., Orange, Va. VIRGINIA FARMt S3 PER ACRE AND UPWAWDB EASY PAYMENTS. CATALOGUE FREE. GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., Richmond, Vs Established 1875. riur CADMC in the great fruit frraln anc ririL rAnmO stock section of VIRGINIA Best climate and water in the U. 8. Near gren markets, with best eflucational advantages For further Information, address ALBEMARLE IMMISRATION CO., Sam'l B. vvooijs. Pres. ChanottesvllJe, Vt Go South. For full par- ticulars wrilf A. JEFFERS Norfolk, Va. • -^^ VIRGINIA FARMS •'^t Nice little poultry farm. 100 acres, good t)on»< and orchard, $.T''0.0<(. Blue Grass, Stock and Fruit Farms. Address PORTER & GATES, LouUa, Va. VIRGINIA FARMS All price."? anr] sizes. Ask for free list. WM.B. PIZZINI CO., Richmond. V*. THE LABOR DIFFICULTY. Editor Southern Planter: In the July number of The Planter, I noted an article by Mr. Camm Pat- teson, and his utterance in regard to the labor situation in the South es- pecially caught my attention. As we have all felt the necessity of an im- provement in the quality of labor on the farm for some years past, I beg to call attention to the means em- ployed by some of the Northwestern States to add to the supply of good farm labor in the past. I think that both Minnesota and Wisconsin have in past years sent commissioners to Eu- rope, especially to the Scandinavian countries, to encourage emigration to their States. The result was an an- nual stream of emigrants from those countries, who, in a short time, not only became good farm laborers, but skilled and trusted help in factory and office, and some of the most prosper- ous and law-abiding citizens of those States. The situation must be growing desperate when men can make propo- sitions like the one made by Dr. Laf- ferty, viz.: the introduction of Chinese coolie labor on the farm. In the first place, a Chinaman will not become a citizen, and for that reason the United States has seen fit to exclude him by law, and, if the law should be repealed, there would be the race problem in his case — the same as we now have with the negro — and I have my doubt about the Chinese coolies being more trust- worthy laborers than the negro. Mr. Editor, my question is this: If we have to supplant the negro with other labor, why not get a good class of white labor, that will eventually make good citizens, and add materi- ally to the wealth and producing power of the State. I have often thought of calling the attention of our excellent Commissioner of Agriculture, Mr. Koi- ner, to this fact, and I have no doubt that if the scheme was tried it would prove successful, as it has in other States. I may state here that I am a Nor- wegian myself, moved here from Min- nesota a few years ago to make Vir- ginia my future home. I see grand opportunities for the agriculture of this State, but the present labor situation blocks the way of progress. I would like to see more in The Planter about this question. Let the Commissioner of Agriculture take this question under consideration, and correspond with ag- ricultural societies in the States men- tioned about this matter. M. O. Elton. ABOUT THE BEST FOR BLISTER. Leesburg, Va., March 24, 1904. The Lawrence-Williams Co., Cleveland, Ohio: I have used GOMBAULT'S CAUSTIC BALSAM quite a good deal, and I think for a blister it's about the best I ever used. I wish your remedy every suc- cess. CHAS. MOTT. Manager Mayfield Stud Farm. Make Your Idle Money Earn You Interest. Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK of RICHMOND, VIRGINIA for Infor- mation concerning lis certificate of deposit, so arranged that one per cent, may be collected every FOUR MONTHS through your nearest bank or store. Our experience proves this form for sayings to be the most satisfactory plan yet devised for deposits of 8100.00 or more. Our Capital and Surplus is ONE MILLION DOLLARS. JOHN B. PURCELL, President. JNO. M. MILLER, Jr., Vlce-Pres. & Cashier. CHAS. R. BURNETT, Assistant Cashier. J. C. JOPLIN, Assistant Cashier "Crop Growing and Crop Feeding." By Prof. W. f. massey. 383 Pp. Cloth, $1.00; Paper, SOc. We offer this splendid work in connec- tion with the SOUTHERN PLANTER at the following prices: Southern Planter and Cloth Bound Volume, $1.25. Southern Planter and Paper Bound Volume, SOc. Old or new subscriptions. FOR Gattie, Sheep, Hogs. Oldest American Dip. Cheapest.! Moat Effective. Strongest obtainable. \ 1 gal. can $1. 52 gal. barrel $40. Catalog Stockmen's Supplies Free. F. S. BURCH & CO., 144 Illinois Street, CHICAGa THE FONTAINE SHOCK BINDER at J1.50 delivered, is the greatest labor saver ever offered to farmers. It keeps shocks dry Inside and prevents them falling. Endorsed by test farms of U. S., Va., N. C, 111. Send for circular with testimonials and di- rections for cutting and shocking corn. Agents Wanted. FONTAINE SHOCK BIND- ER CO., Christie, Va. GREENSBORO, N.C. for the treatment of THE LIQUOR, OPIUM, MORPHINE .r. ither Drug Addictions. Tlie Tobbacco Habit, Nerve Exhaust! A neat Binder for your back nm bens can be had for 25 centa. Addrcna our Business Office. 622 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER [September, EGGS FOR HATCHING strawberry Hill Poultr) Yards B. P. KOCKS, S. C. B. LEG- HORN: », SI. SO for 15. GENUINE ARISTOCRATS. Taken first prize throughout 7 States. LEGHORN COCKERELS FOR SALE Box 287, Richmond. Va. White Leghorn Cockerels for sale. Exhibition or breeding stock. Address C. Q. M. FINK, R- F. D. 2, Richmond, Va Piedmont Poultry Place, "Handles notKing b\it tHe best." We now offer Pure-bred POLANU-CHINA Pigs for sale. We will not sell under 8 week* old. Single pig 86: per pair sto; per trio. $14. Some ready for shipment May 15th. First or- ders get best pigs. Miss E. Callie Giles, Prop., ^ Whittles Depot. Va PIT GAMES Black Devils and Red Cubans. Where they won, Sharon, N. T., 4 out of E Blue Rock, Pa., 2 out of 3. Clarion, Pa.. 1 straight. Roanoke. Va., 8 out of 9. Akron la.. 2 BtralcbtB. Eggs, f2 per sitting. Youax trios, quail size, %3. THOS. W. JARMAN, Yancey Mills, Va. FOR SALE. MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS, B. P. R. CHICKENS, TOULOUSE GEESE. Two Hol- Btein Friesian Heifers. Five large English Berkshire Pigs. Prices reasonable, and sat- isfaction guaranteed. MRS. W. P. JACK- SON, Olga P. 0., Amelia county, Va. Barred Plymouth Rock Cockerels and Pullets for sale at prices as low as you pay for common chickens. Good, healthy stock. Address Mrs. W. A. ED- WARDS, Irwin, Va. PIEDMONT MEiaHTS FARH has tor sale a number of S X. B LEGHORN COCKERELS. Early hatched. $1 each. F. C. LOUHOFP, Yancey .Mills, Va. LIGHT BRAHMAS. Pure brr-d stock from prize winning strains. Old and young stock for sale. Hens, $1.50; roosters, J2.50; puIieU, $1; cockerels, $2.00. J. H. ERASER, CartersvUle, Va. (Cumber- land county). Pure Bred Barrs^d Plymouth Rock pullets for sale. Price, 30c. to |1, according to age, if taken at once. WM. B. LEWIS, Irby, Nottoway county, Va. P\jre-Bred Buff Orpington Cockerels for sale; $1 up, depending on quality. Write me what you want. T. M. KING, Queensland Farm, R. F. D. 2, Hagan, Lee county, Va. SUMMER DESSERTS. There is a theory among some house- keepers ihat the luscious fruits of sum- mer constitute an all-sufficient dessert during the hot months. They will fix up grapes, peaches and pears in fanciful pyramids, with leaves about them and a knot of ribbon or flowers on top, and waste time in carving out rosy slices of watermelon instead of going to work and making some des- sert which would satisfy an old-fash- ioned person like myself. For my part, I prefer something more premeditated and less simple. I am not advocating any elaborate course that will cost a lot and make you work too hard. Peach ice cream is a favorite sweet dish with every one, and if you have plenty of soft, ripe peaches, it can be easily made. Before beginning, examine the ma chinery of your freezer to see if it is in good running order. Grease every part lightly, and be sure to put a little lard or oil on that socket in the pail In whicji the knob of the freezer turns. Crack up the ice in Sinall lumps and have a little bucket of salt ready, ^and the main difficulty is over, for if your freezer is in good order and if it is "The Queen," you will have done in thirty minutes from putting in the cream. Take one gallon of morning's milk and sweeten with one cup of white Kugfir and pour into the freezer. Turn rapidly ten minutes. By that time it will begin to freeze. Have ready two quarts of soft peaches, mashed fine and sweetened with two cups of white sugar. Add this to the milk and stir well. Fasten up the freezer and turn for twenty minutes, and a dainty, re- freshing dessert is * ready. Cover closely with newspapers until you are ready to serve it, and mark my words, the men of the family will think you the sweetest , most industrious girl in the country, especially if you perform this loving service with a smiling air, instead of posing for a martyred angel. Another summer dessert we are fond of is baked peach dumplings. Take one quart of fruit, add two teaspoon- tuls of baking powder before sifting, and work into it one cup of butter or lard, and then a cup of sweet milk. Roll out thin and cut into little squares, wrap a peeled peach in each of these pastry blankets and put side by side in an ordinary bread pan. This amount ought to make twenty dumplings. They take thirty minutes to cook with a quite hot fire. Take two cups of sugar and mix into a smooth paste with a half cup of butter and a half teaspoonful of powdered cinnamon to each of the dumplings, or you can have just butter and sugar as a sauce. You can serve this same pastry for any kind of baked fruit dumplings, apples, damsons, any kind of berries or preserves. Only for small fruit, roll out Into one large sheet instead 30 ANGORA GOATS For sale at reasonable Prices. Kids in Pairs. C. H.WINE, Brandy Station.Va. MANSFIELD STOCK FARM 1 2-year-old 3-4 Male Angora, $7.00. 1 1-year-old 3-4 Male Angora, $5.00. 4 Kids, Male Angora, $3.00. Pure, but unregistered, 16 mos. old. 1 Dark Jersey Bull, out of 7 Lb. Cow, $15. 1 Steele Jersey Bull, out of 8 Lb. Cow, $15. Also 1 nearly new Star Pea Huller, cost $25. Will sell for $20. Used one season only. Hand power. Will thresh and clean 6, bush- els per hour. W. E. HAMMOND, Goochland C. H., Va. Wanted— Prices on 40 good grade sheep, de- livered at my station. Maidens, C. & C, Va. Angora Goats Several very high grade buck kids (from reg- istered sire Jb grade does), look like pure breds. For sale at only S S each, F. O. B. Don't write but send check with order to A. L. FRENCH. Byrdviile, Va. Also high class registered Angus cattle. Angora Goats 8 pure bred, young females and 1 male, for sale. E. L. TOMPKINS, Fine Creek Mills, Va. lUnnDA PflATC are handsome, hardy and AnUUnA UUA I O profitable For large cir- cular address E. W. COLE & CO.. Big Cllfty. Ky Edgewood Stock Farm. SCOTCH COLLIES A beautiful litter of sables and blacks, fiill white marks. Bred strong In blood of Chris- topher, Barwell Mystery, and Doon Marvel. Sire and dam grand drivers, great workers. Pups now ready at $10 and $8. Eligible to registry. Get photos. H. B. ARBUCKLB, Maxwelton, W. Va. COLLIE PUPS -• Hy Imported Sires Sable and white and trl- folors. Prices. 88 to $15. Older ones correspond- ingly low- Book on Training. .50 cents: Fbkb If vou buy a (lollie. MAPLEVONTSTOCKFARJI, South Aihol,Mass. CHICKENS for sale. B. P. ROCK, S. C. B. LEGHORN and WHITE WYANDOTTE. Fine pure bred stock. Prices reasonable. Write Miss CLARA L. SMITH, Croxton, Caroline county, Va. 1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEK. 623 3 Thoroughbred Mares FOR SALE. VOLEE, B. M. Foaled 1891, by Volante, winner of the American Derby, and son of Grinstead and Sister Ann, by imp. Glenelge. First dam imp. Lady Trappist, dam of five winners, by Trappist; second, Vic by Al- bert Victor; third, dam Modena by Parme- san, etc. This mare is a winner, and has a ch. c. Foaled May 19th by the Great Trial winner Chiswick, by imp. Mr. Pickwick— Alice ruce by Fellowcraft. Price of mare and coii, ?350. DEABLESSE. B. M. Foaled 1896, by Montfort, son of imp. Mortemer and RevolC by Lexington. First dam. Miss Grace (sister to Diablo), by Eolus; second dam, Grace Darling, by Jonesboro; third dam, Ninetta, by Revenue, etc. This mare has a filly foal, which will not be sOld, so mare cannot be delivered untU early in September. Price, DARTEE, Br. M. Foaled 1900 by Imp. Water Lever, sire of Isonomy and Water Lily, by Lord Lyon. First dam, Fearnot. by Jim Gray; second dam. Fearless, by imp. St. Blaise; third dam, imp. Dauntless, by Maca- roni, etc. This mare has won races. Price, ^00. All of these mares are fine individuals, and are ro.vslly bred, and all have been bred, and are believed to be in foal to the young im- ported horse, Aldine, by St. Simon. First dam, Ronaldina, by Barcaldine; second dam. Lady Ronald, by Lord Lyon: third dam, Edith, by Newminster, etc. Address WILLSON CHAMBERLAIN, R. F. D 2, Charlottesville, Va. FOR SALE A fine team of gray PERCHERON MARES weighing about 2800 pounds, 6 and 7 years old, very active, fine workers everywhere, both safe In foal to the great gray Perche- ron stallion DOM PEDRO, No. 15558, recently sold at a long price to Messrs. Hicks & Hopkins, of Mathews Co. Price of mares, J400. If convenient, will trade in a good driver for part payment. MEYER & JEHNE, Farmville, Va. One Registered Thoroughbred Stallion for sale. Also. 2 highly bred brood mares and several colts, 1, 2, and 3 years old. N. B. COOKE, Taylorsville, Hanover county, Va. Percheron Stallions For sale; 2 years old and older; bred from the best families in America; pedigrees tracing to Imported sire and dam; nothing but imported stallion used at the head of stu'l; prices right. D. T. MARTIN, .Salem, V* r-^ PURE-BRED Percheron Stallion tor sale. Age, 5 years; weight, 1,500 pounds. E. H. DeBUTTS, Llnflen, Va. wrasKftk OAK-HILL FARM . SADDLE HORSES, JERSEY AND ABERDEEN ANGUS CAT- TLB, BERKSHIRE HOGS, FOR SALE Shipping point OBk-Hlll, Va., rstatlon on farm) cm D. & W. Ry. 15 miles west of Uanvllle, Va. SAM'L HAIRSTON, Wenonda, Va. of cutting into inch squares as for apples or peaches, and filling the mid- dle of the sheets with fruit, roll up and pinch the ends well together. Some people put a teaspoonful of sugar in each dumpling before baking, but this never tasted really good to me. I pre- fer a honest bowl of sauce or the strength found in an unaffected plate of butter and sugar sauce. Alice Winston. SYDNOR PUMP & WELL CO. Special attention is called to the ad. of the Sydnor Pump & Well Co. in this issue. This company closed a contract with the United States Government army oflacials at Manassas, Va., on July 30th for a system of water works to supply the troops encamped at this point during the army manoeuvres to be held from September 2nd to 12th. It embraced the drilling of twelve ar- tesian wells, the installation of about nine miles of pipe, seven 10,000-gallon tanks and towers, twelve Charter gaso- line engines in connection with four hundred and fifty shower baths in connection with a large quantity of small galvanized steel watering tanks and other similar fixtures. One of the provisions of the contract called for the completion of this work by the 25th of August. It is quite a tribute to the ability of the personnel of the company that they have not only com- plied with the contract, but have put in extra work, all of which has been completed on time. This shows that the Southern people are becoming bet- ter equipped every day to compete with Northern firms. This company not on- ly makes a specialty of complete wa- ter supply system, but install complete plumbing systems in connection there- with in country residences, and num- ber among their customers in work of this character, the Ramsay's, at his- torical old Westover; Mr. Jos. Bryan, Mr. Wm. Rueger, Richmond, Va.; the Jno. A. Dix Ind. School, Dinwiddie, Va.; Mr. David Dunlop and Mr. W. H. Woody, Petersburg, Va.; Mr. I. J. R. Muurling and Mr. J. K. Maddux, War- renton, Va., the old Page Homestead, at "Oakland," (birthplace of Thos. Nel- son Page,) Hanover county; Mr. Mur- ray Boocock and Mr. L. Pugh, Kes- wick, Va. ; and, in fact, they are so well known in this class of business for reliability and first-class goods that the best of the trade naturally goes to them. Besides this work, they sell boilers and engines for farm purposes, gasoline engines, windmills, compress- ed air storage tank systems, pumps of all kinds, iron and wire fences, saw- mills, saws, etc. Any one being in need of any material of this kind would do well to correspond with them. Their Charter Gasoline Engines are so widely and favorably known that not long ago they received an order for an engine to be shipped to the Southern Methodist church for Board of Foreign Missions at Shanghai, Chi- na. ELLERSLIE FARMa*^ TliorotJiglitored Morses AND SHORTHORN CAHLE, Pure SoTjtiido'wn ^l).eep and Berks i' ire Pigs. Fob Salk. R. J. HANCOCK & SON, Chaelottksville, Va. KENTUCKY JACK FARM A fine lot of KEN- TUCKY bred and big BLACK SPANISH Jacks and Jenneta; alse 1 and 2 year old Jacks; young »tock for aale at all times. Write or see me be- fore you buy. Come to Kentucky If yon want a good Jack. JOB B. WRIGHT, Junc- tion City. Ky. Virginia Bred Jack, A fine one, for sale. 2 years old lOtb last June. He is large for his age, and a perfect beauty. Will sell cheap for cash. Write or come to see J. B. THOMASSON, Bumpass. Va. BURKES' GARDEN DORSETS I have a few pure bred RAMS and some good GRADE EWES tor sale at prices with- in reach of all. SAM'L T. HBNINGBR, Burke's Garden, Va. Woodland Farm oflers the best lot of October dropped Dorset Ram iambs which it has ever raised. J. E. WING & BROS., Mechanlcsburg, 0. AND HEREFORDS 4. ARMSTRONG, Lantz Mills, Va. V.P.I. Farm Bulletin We have for sale at present, some splendid DORSET RAM LAMBS. For prices, etc, address D. 0. NOURSE, Prof, of Agr. Blacksburg, Va. A neat Binder for your back num- bers can be had for 26 cents. AddreM our BuBlness Office. 624 THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER [September, The only soap that won't smart the face — Will- iams' Shaving Soap. Sold everywhere. Write for booklet " How to Shave." The J. B Williams Co , Glastonbury, Ct. O.I.C. Everybody Wants One. 4 MONTHS OLD. O. I. C. Boars $12.50 Each. Young stock cheaper. Cannot be beat. Mansfield Stock Farm, W. ELLIOT HAMMOND. Goochland C. H., Va PURE-BRED O. I. C PIGS for sale. Weight of sire, over 400 pounds, mother 290 pounds. Will make more meat than any other breed of hogs from the same feed. Price, $4.50 each or $8 per pair. J. B. THOMASSON, Bumpass, Va. AT FARMER'S PRICES. S. M. WISECARVER, - ■ Rustburg. Va. Salt Pond Herd. DUROCJERSEYS Home of PaulJ. 21625, Also Lulu's Pet 40434. Pigs of March and May farrow for sale. Write for what you want. S. A. WHITFAKER, Hopeslde, Va. Registered ^e r?.L"i?l C. Whites. Large strain, All ages mated not akin, Bred sow, Service boars, Guern- sey calves, Scotch Collie pups, and Poul- try. Write for prices P. F. HAMILTON. (;ochranvllle, (Jheater Co., Pa. SHAKESPEARE <& OWENS, Best in their Lines At THE CEDARS, KENNELS, POULTRY LLEWELLYN SETTERS, BEAGLE and STOCK FARM are bred the nnest HOUNDS, JERSEY CATTLE, DUROC JER- SEY SWINE, M. B. TURKEYS, and D. P. R. CHICKENS. WM. O. OWENS, Midlothian, Va. Essex and Poland China pigB from i weeks to 4 mos. old, an extra, choice lot. Also some choice Southdown and Uamp- shlredown Sheep *d<1 ^^^.^ ^^^^ Lambs. For prices ad- ^Sgrntit^fiS^JaJ '''ifl* dress L. 0. JONE5, Tobaccovllle, H. C, and free circular. WHEN VISITING THE WORLD'S FAIR RIDE ON THE FERRIS WHEEL. The great Expositions held during the last fifteen years have produced two marvelous examples of. engineering and constructive ability. One of these, the Eiffel Tower, was designed and built by a Frenchman at Paris for the Exposition of 1889 ; the other, the Fer- ris Wheel, was designed and built by the late Geo. W. G. Ferris for the World's Columbian Exposition at Chi- cago, in 1893. Paris again held a great Exposition in 1900, but failed to produce any feat- ure to take the place of the Eiffel Tower. In America, St. Louis, in 1904, planned and produced the greatest Ex- position the world has ever seen. Scores of attempts were made to in- vent something more wonderful and more attractive than the Ferris Wheel, but as Paris failed to outdo her own Eiffel Tower, so did St. Louis fail to equal the far-famed Ferris Wheel of the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893. Arrangements were accordingly made to bring the Ferris Wheel to the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, and it was given a location near the geogra- phical center of the grounds. The Cascades, the Plateau of States, all the big buildings, the Pike, Festival Hall, the Art Building, Foreign Build- ings, Philippine Reservation, the Air Ship Enclosure; in fact, every point of interest in the grounds can be seen from the big wheel. In addition, one gets a view of St. Louis, the Mississip- pi River, and the beautiful forests, hills and dales for fifty miles around. At night, the view of the illumination of the buildings and grounds is simply magnificent. Eye has not seen nor ear heard of a more striking spectacle than the night view of the great Exposi- tion from the top of the Ferris Wheel. Hundreds of thousands of incandes- cent lights bring the outlines of all the buildings in bold relief. The Festival Hall and the Plateau of States are flooded in turn with white, red and green lights, making a startling and very beautiful effect. The best point to view this grand illumination is from the Ferris Wheel. When you come to the Fair, do not fail to ride upon it. THE IMPERIAL PULVERIZER. The Peterson Manufacturing Com- pany, Kent, Ohio, send us a copy of the United States Trade Reports, an implement journal, giving an account of the personal examination by its editors of the Imperial Pulverizer and Clod Crusher. The result of the in- quiry must be eminently satisfactory to the Peterson Manufacturing Com- pany, inasmuch as the editors pro- nounce the machine as positively the best thing of its kind on the market. Look up the advertisement elsewhere in this issue and send for circulars, etc. GREAT HERD BULL FOR SALE Marquis of Salisbury 16th ATA BARGAIN. The best son of IMPORTED SALISBURY 76f59. ALMOST AN EXACT COUNTERPART OF HIM. In this young bull Is a rare combination of the best foreign and best America strains of blood, through his sire \vt have Boniface, the Grove 3d, Pioneer, Horace, Pirate, Monarch, St Thomas and Lord Wilton, while through his dam we have the Earl ofShadelsnd 22d, Anxiety Mon- arch, Sir Richard 2nd, Anxiety, the Grove^Sd, and Garfield. Wrlteus. See our large add on another page. ROSEMONTFARM, Berryville, Clark«, Co., Va LARGE PIGS for sale, from pure bred, registered stock; fine litter farrowed June 26th; also one ser- vice boar 14 mos. old registered. C. H. SOUTHWICK, Asheville, N. C. High-Class Poland Chinas Best registered blood. Strong-boned, healthy pigs, either sex, 2 mos. old, for 85.00, all eligible to registry and first class. None but good ones shipped. E. T. ROBINSON, Lexington, Va. ORCHARD HILL PURE-BRED POLAND CHINA Pigs and brood sows for sale. Also a fine Guernsey Bull Calf and S. C. B. Leghorn Eggs. F. M. SMITH, JR., R. F. D., 4, Charlottesville, Va. "Feeds and Feeding' Prof. Henry's Great Book for Farmers and Stockmen. Deliyered anywhere for - - $2,00 With the SOUTHERN PLANTER, 2.25 Mention The Southebn Plawt«i when corresponding with advertlBera. 1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE. 625 HEREFORD CALVES at bargain prices. IF YOU ARE NOT PREPARED TO PAY CASH, WE WILL GIVE YOU TIME. NOW IS THE TIME TO BUY FOR FALL SHIPMENT SOUTH. Calves by IMP. BRITISHER, last year Champion of ENGLAND AND AMERICAN; PROTECTOR, imported from ENG- LAND at a cost of $6,000; ACROBAT, the GREATEST living HEREFORD SIRE, cost the unprecedented price of $8,500, at nine years of age, sire of the $3,700 CHAMPION CARNA- TION; LARS, JR., a good son of the old CHAMPION LARS; BEAU DONALD, and others. Now is the time to buy, before the advance which is sure to come. Get in the BAND WAGON, while you can get in CHEAP. Send for our HERD CATALOGUE, an encyclopedia of rich HEREFORD pedigrees, embellished with cuts of our cattle, also containing some words relative to the great ACROBAT, '6S469, our chief stock bull. A large plate picture of ACROBAT will be sent to all who will frame it, size 14x18 inches. OUR BRIEF HISTORY OF HEREFORD CATTLE, being a book of some 40 pages, will soon be ready for distribu- tion—be sure to send for a copy. OUR HERD is the LARGEST and BEST in the SOUTH AND EAST, numbering 70 HEAD of the very FINEST and FANCIEST specimens of the breed maintained in our rich BLUE GRASS pastures, in the VALLEY of the SHENANDOAH, insuring the best possible development of bone and muscle. We always have on hand a choice lot of females, of the choicest blood lines, bred and open. OUR CATALOGUE TELLS THE TALE — be sure to get one. Inquire about our fine BRITISHER, PROTECTOR, BEAU DONALD and ACROBAT calves— we will send you a full and honest description, or better, visit us and make your own selection. Remember, we will give you time to make payments, if you wish. Look for our ad. next month, and address us to-day as follows: ROSEMONT FARM Clarke County, = = = = Berryville, Va. W. J. CARTERjL BROABRO" ] Turf Journalist and Pedigree Expert. . . Address P. 0. Box 929, Rich- mond, Va., or 1102 Hull street, Manchester, Va. Representing the Times-Dis- patch and Southern Planter, Richmond, Va. ; Kentucky Stock Farm and The Thoroughbred Record, Lexington Ky. ; Sports of the Times, New York, and the Breeder and Sportsman, San Francisco, Cal. FOR SALE. Standard and Registered Trot- ting Mare, rich bay, elegantly V^red, young and Bound. Bred to Kelly, 2:27, and in foal. Address W. J. CARTER, Box 929, Richmond, Va. 1904. 1904.11904. WOODMONDEANDHmONDALEFARMS 1904. BURLINBTON " Tiie Gentleman in Black," Winner of the Criterion Stakes, Pelham Handicap, Brool^' BERKSHIRE^ Boar and Sow for sale. Price, $25 each. Sow will farrow about last of October. Splen- did young animals weighing about 250 pounds each. P. MAXWELL, CONNER, Box 316, Richmond, Va. 30 PURE-BRED SOUTHDOWN EWES lambs for sale. Price, $15 each, October, 1904, delivery. This flock was originally pur- chased from Henry Webb, Babraham, Eng., and croFsed from time to time with the de- scendants of Rams bought by John Hobart Warren from Lord Walsingham, of England. WM. JOHN, Linden, Va. (Mgr. Col R. H. DULANY). Meadow Brook SHROPSHIRES. For sale; very fine one and two year old pure bred SHROPSHIRE BUCKS; some very nice ewe lambs. C. A. SAUNDERS, Meadow Brook Stock Farm, Culpeper, Va. REGISTERED SHROPSHSRE SHEEP. Only a few more of my flock of rrgistered Shropshire sheep left; Earns, Kam Lnmbs. Ewes and one fine Ewe Lamb. Now is the time to buy at a very low price. Can mate them not akin. Get my prices, before buying. H. R. QRAHAH, f hestertown, Hd. 25 REGISTERED HOLSTEIN and GRADE Milk Cows for sale. Most of them to calve this fall. H. W. MANSON, Crewe, Va. 1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLAl^TER. 627 ICOTTAQE VALLEY >STOCK FARM. _ nNTsToCK FOR SALE LOW 7-8 and 15-16 GRADE ANGUS BULLS AND HEIFERS from 6 months to 2 years old. One bull calf half Angus and half Short-horn. Fipe Buck Lambs out of Shropshire Ewes by Reg. Dorset Buck. Fine family milk cows fresh young and gentle. One pair splendid 1200 lbs. Bay Mares 6 yrs. old, first class all round farm teams and very good roadsters. Silver Lace Wyandotte Cockerels and Pul- lets at one dollar each. W.M.WATKINS&SONS,Saxe,Va. Aberdeen- Angus T^m QqIq Bull Calves ^^ lOl UdlC Born as follows: Dec. 15, 1303; Jan. 30, 1904; May 15, 1904; June 2, 1904; Aug. U, 1904. Calves will be kept with their dams until 9 mos. old. None sold younger, and NOT SOLD AT ALL AS BULLS, unless they turn out good specimens of the breed. I shall also be ready to part with my herd bull, "ROCKBRIDGE ABDUCTOR," 40364, Nov. 1st. He will be 5 years old Dec. 2, 1904. The two calves first mentioned are pure bred and very promising youngsters, but out of unrecorded dams; the three last are reg- istered. I am willing to exchange "ABAC- TOR" or any of the above calves for • suitable herd bull, not less than 18 mos. old. B. F. DAY, Glasgow, Va. MONTEBE.LLO HERD ABERDEEN=ANQUS CATTLE. FOE SALE— Registered Bull calves from 3 month.s ol'' , up. L. H. GRAY, Orange, Va ROSEDALE HERD Aberdeen-Angus Cattle. Cholne bulls, 4 mos. to 4 yrs. old. Prices as low as good breeding will permit. Inspec- tion of herd and correspondence invited. ROSEDALE STOCK FARM, Jettersonton, Va. 3 REGISTERED Aberdeen Angus Bulls, 6 10 and 16 mos. old, for sale. Sired by the celebrated GOLD NUGGET, 29657. These bulls are grand individuals. Address BEN- VENUE STOCK FARM, Massaponax, Va. Mention the Southebn Planteb In writing. THE ANGORA GOAT. Angora Goats should he pure white, and weigh at maturity 50 to 100 Ihs. for females, and 100 to 125 lbs. lor males. They get their growth in about three years, and live to be 10 to 15 years old. They breed once a year, and drop a kid in five months from service. If you have goats drop their kids in January, and lose any, the doe will go to the buck again, and drop in June or July. They are not as apt to have twins as sheep, but occasionally do. They are not apt to disown their kids, if goats have not too large a range; but, on the large range, the goat knows to be left behind the flock is to be left perhaps forever. "While in enclosed pastures the doe realizes that the flock can not be far away, and stays with her kid. They hide their kids away, same as a cow her calf, and go to them to let them suck. I have shut a doe in the barn at night, when she had twins laying in a hollow tree in the pasture, and she made no fuss about them. The kids, after they get dry and filled with milk, will stand lots of cold. Goats shear from one-half to nine- teen pounds of mohair, according to breeding and condition of the goats, and it sells for from 15c. to $3 per pound, according to length, freeness from kemp, etc. Usual price this year, 25c. to 35c. per pound; 50,000 pounds. Origan hair, said to be as good as any produced in the United States, changed hands at 34c. I received for my clip 34c. on board cars here. Goats are browsers not grazers. Goats are hustlers to gather a living, but are also lazy animals. If brush and wedds are plentiful, a goat will go out, and in two hours will gather enough to last him 6 or 8 hours, and will then lay in the shade and chew his cud. They take all the first years' growth of bushes, weeds, etc. I see in my pastures where they have bit- ten off poke-berry stalk as thick as a man's thumb, and left nice blue grass, white clover and orchard grass ankle deep. They will completely kill all kinds of brush, except persimmons, shell-bark, hickory and black walnut; hickory and walnut they will eat as last resort, but persimmons, never. In winter, goats will peel almost all kinds of brush and saplings, except hickory. I have saplings 5 inches in diameter peeled 5 feet high. These are elm, bass-wood and maple. They dearly love sassafras, sumac, spice-wood, elm, bass- wood, chestnut, dogwood, maple, etc. In Virginia they will live on pine and cedar all winter, if fed a little grain. Goats should not be fed at the shed where they sleep; make them go out into the woods to eat their grain or fodder. Last winter I had three flocks, one of 21 bucks apd wethers, in a brush enclosure of about six acres, with an old abandoned coal-bank for shelter; they going into the entries, which were dry; another of 100 at a place with a good bank barn, and 75 acres of brush, PLEASANT VALLEY STOCK FARM Shorthorn calves from fine milking stock. Yorkshire Pigs of prolific breed. JA/VIES M. HOQE, Hamilton, Va. COOK'SCREEK HERD SCOTCH -TOPPED SHORTHORNS . . . Herd Headed by Governor Tyler, 158548, Ist prize aged bull at Radford Fair, Young Bulls and heifers for sale. Inspection and correspondence invited. HEATWOUE & SUTER, Dale Enterprise, Va. SH0RTH0RNBULLSfors.le.from3to 20 mos. old; sired by VERBENA'S CHAMP- ION, No. 129881, and ROYAL CHIEF, No. 185432. Some good POLAND CHINA spring pigs and 2 nice fall boars. All stock eligible to record. Rare bargains for quick buyers. WM. T. THRASHER, Springwood, Virginia, JERSEY BULL an inbred grandson of EXILE OF ST. LAM- BERT (who has more than 90 tested daugh- ters in the list) for sale or exchange. He Is 3 years old, and all right. A. H. HODGSON. Athens, Ga., or P. M. Hodgson, West Falls Church, Va. A FINE Jersey Bull for sale. 3 years old and registered; also 1 yearling and 1 this year's bull calf, entitled to registry. J. B. JOHNSON, Clover Hill Farm, Manassas,* Va. =The Woodside= Jersey Herd. Bull Calves and Yearlings Richly Bred. DAVID ROBERTS, = = Moorestown, N. J. Swift Creek Stock and Dairy Farm Hai for sale a large num- ber of nice young regis- tered A. J. C. C. JERSEY BULLS AND HEIFERS. None better bred in the South. Combining closely the most noted and up-to-date blood in America. Bulls 4 to 6 months old, $2S: Heifers, same age, |35. POLAND CHINA PIQS, )6 each. Send check and get what you want. T. P. BRASWELL, Prop.* Battleboro, N. C. 628 THE SOUTHEK^r PLANTEE. [September, about one-eighth mile from barn. An- other bunch of 23 at home, with straw- staclc and barn. The 21 were fed about one-eighth of a mile from coal bank; the 100 were fed at barn, and the 23 could not get out of yard. The 21 peeled brush all winter, the 100 did not peel any until I took to feeding them out in the woods, the 21 would not eat either corn fodder or straw, and lived on bark and ihe little corn I gave them, and did fine. The 100 just laid around the barn and ate straw, corn fodder and their grain, and did no good until I compelled them to go out for their feed. When once away from the barn they would stay out and brawse all day, but, rather than start would almost starve. Goats can be turned with alm'<£t uiij' kind of f3ii:e. An ideal goat fence Is barbwire, with board at bottom, or some of the 2-foot woven wire hog fences, v/ith a barbwire on top, makes a good fence; but one board at bottom adds to all fences for goats, as they cannot creep under so easily. Never use a diamond mesh fence for goats, as they get their head and horns through and get fast. Never have perpendicular wires less than one foot apart. A rail fence of 8 rails high will turn most of goats, but it must have no lock at the corner. A rail fence with two stakes at each corner, wired together across the fence with some barb wire, makes a very good goat fence; put barb wire to the stake on the side of the fence next to the goats, about six inches above the top rail, and on outside of stakes, so when goat goes to climb upon the fence he will run against the barbwire. The flesh of the Angora Goat is su- perior to mutton; the skins make beau- tiful rugs, and can be tanned at home and colored any color you wish and retain their lustre. Goats will do well with all kinds of stock but hogs. They will not eat anything that the hogs have touched. No stock objects to goats, and cattle will feed after them and do well; also horses. Some writers claim that 30 Angora Goats will clear as much land in a year as a man with a mattock. No sprouts on land cleared with Angora Goats. J- H. Hakpster. SHEEP AND SHEEP DIP RECORD. Messrs. William Cooper & Nephews, makers of Cooper Sheep Dip, send U9 word that they came out victorious at the Royal Show of England, which was held last month. They won the first prize for a Shearling Shropshire ram and first prize for a pen of three Shearling Shropshire ewes. They also won a good number of seconds and thirds. A census taken on the show ground showed that of the 1,075 sheep exhibited 998 had been dipped in Cooper Dip; of the 125 exhibitors, 115 were users of Cooper Dip. mmm BEASP ILiaEfttERS 'NTIFICALIY PREPARED FORHONEfACTORYORFARN SLOANS LINIMENT THIS TEMETESTEPFAMILY REMEDY Kills Germs^.^^^ has no EQUAL KItLSPAIN -:- WE SUPPLY -:- ALFALF A BACTERIA in the shape of INFECTED SOIL 'from an old two acre Alfalfa plot which has given us 3 or 4 good cuttings yearly for the past five years, and is still doing well. Price, $1.00 per bag (in 4 bag lots) of about 100 lbs. ; more than 4 bags, 75 cents each ; f. o. b. Midlothian. J. B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va. ALFALFA The Most Useful and Profitable Crop you can grow. The best time to sow (in the South) is from August 15th to September I5th. — Prepare your ground carefully, and to insure a stand USE ALFALFA BACTERIA INFECTED SOIL as recommended by the Agricultural Experiments Stations. You can secure enougli of this infected soil to inoculate ONE ACRE OF GliOUND for §1.00 per bag (about 2 busliels) F. 0. B. EWELL FARM. Send in your orders now and sliipraeut will be made when you are ready. A booklet, giving practical directions for raising Alfalfa sent with each order. Address GEO. CAMPBELL BROWN, Eweil Farm, Spring Hill, Maury Co., Tenn. UEEBNER ■ I cut, crush and shr >3 "Union" Feed and En«ilage Cutter* BB ..u.,v,u3u. ^...ed, malting all the corn Stalk palatable. Stock relishit— nonewasted. Fodder equals hay In feeding value and tliesame ground grows two tons to one of hay. The ears are clear gain. Get the real value from your com by using the only up-to-date fodder machinery. With shredder attachment («5 extra' one.'' w' i\Vfor'."onki"t':' '" HEEBHEB & S0H5. 25 Broad St.. Lanwlile. " 1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 629 ST^CK CATTLE and STOCK SHEEP The season is coining foi you to begin buying stock cattle or feeding cattle. If you are in doubt when and where to get them, write me. I can fill your order for any kind of stock, steers or heifers, you want, any kind of feeders you may want, and I will fill it correctly. Can furnish high grade and pure bred stock bulls (not registered) of any breed you may desire, at reasonable prices. If you want stock or feeding sheep, I can sell you ewes from $2.50 to $4.50 each, according to age, breeding and quality. SOME FANCY BLACK FACES at $5 each. Good stock rams from $7 to $20 each. I will please you in any kind of stock I may sell you. If you have any kind of stock to sell, ship it ti me. I GUARANTEE HIGHEST MARKET VALUE. I can place it because I have orders for all kinds. SPECIAL attention GIVEN VEAL CALVES BY LOCAL TRAINS. NO CONSIGNMENT TOO SMALL— NONE TOO LARGE. I GIVE ALL MY PERSONAL ATTENTION. ACCURATE WEEKLY QUO- TATION. Long Distance i lioue Xo. 2126. Address ; F. U. Box 204. Pens: Union Stock Yards, Richmond, Va. ROBERT C. BRAUER, Successor to Brauer Cattle Co Richmond, Va. CEMENT RESOURCES OF THE I VALLEY OF VIRGINIA. 1 Mr. Charles Catlett's paper on the "Cement Resources of the Valley of Virginia," recently published by the United States Geological Survey, in its bulletin (No. 225) entitled "Con- tributions to Economic Geology, 1903," is especially significant, as it is the first publication concerning the possi- bilities of cement manufacture in this particular field. That section of Virginia which lies west of the Blue Ridge is bountifully supplied with materials suitable for use in the manufacture of Portland cement. All the conditions of the Le- high district of Pennsylvania are du- plicated in this region, with the addi- tional advantage that the coal supply is much nearer at hand. At present only one Portland cement plant is in operation in Virginia, but, in view of the natural advantages offered by the western part of the State, it seems probable that a great extension of the industry will soon take place. The argillaceous limestones of the Trenton formation, which furnish the well-known "cement rock" of the Le- high district of Pennsylvania and New .Jersey, are well developed throughout the Valley of Virginia. These lime- stones, with the overlying Hudson slates and shales, occur in a belt closely paralleling and in places touching the Valley Branch of the Bal- timore and Ohio Railroad from the State line to Strasburg. From that poitft they lie close to the Southern Railway as far as Harisonburg, and again from Harrisonburg to a point some miles south of Staunton, Va., they are near the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The points that naturally seem most desirable as sites for ce- ment plants are those which give ready access to the coal fields, with favorable opportunities for the ship- ment of the finished product. It is thought, therefore, that the line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad be- tween Harper's Ferry and Winchester, and Strasburg Junction, Riverton, Harrisonburg, and Staunton are the point? in this State which would be SUNNY HOME HERD OF Aberdeen Angus Cattle has been reinforced for sale by the WILLOW OAKS HERD (property of Mr. T B. Fitzgerald, former President of Riverside Cotton Milis, Danville, Va). This herd was founded in 1902 by the purchase of a car load of the best females money would buy in Ceatral Illinois. One of our customers writes as follows : Union, S. C, June 4, 1904. Deae French, — I have been at my farm and have taken several good looks at the tvro heifera. They are beauties, especially Miss dtubbs 2nd, and I am proud of them. Enclosed is my check for 8 00 In payment for them. The bull, Carolina's Gay Lad, that you sent me last fall is one of the finest looking fellows I ever saw— is a daisy. Very truly, W. K. WALKER. Mr. Walker owns the largest herd of Angus in South Carolina. We make it a point to furnish the above-described sort of cattle. Write for circular and prices to A. L. FRENCH, Byrdville, Va. station, Fitzgerald, N. C, on D. & W. Railway, 24 miles from Danville. The Delaware Herd of ROYAL ANGUS GAHLE is not surpassed either in breeding or Individual ani- mals, by any herd In the East. At the head of our herd is PRINCE BARBARA, 68604, the son of the great $9,100 Prince Ito. Females of equally choice breeding. Write your wants. Remem- ber, we take personal care of our cattle; keep no high priced help; incur no expense of exhibiting; all of which enables us to offer stock at equitable prices. Send for pamphlet. MYER & SON, Prop., - Bridgeville, Del. Reg. HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN CATTLE of the Netherland, De Kol, Clothilde, Pietertje and Artis families. Heavy milkers and rich in butter fat. Stock of all ages for sale. "D^n, ■RtJ'DTr^'HT'PTH^ From noted strains ; Imported Headlight, Lord Keg. 13C.Kl^:>nilXn:> Highclere and Sunrise DORSET SHEBP^ B. PLYMOUTH ROCK CHICKENS, N. & W. and Southern R. R. T. O. SANDY, Burkeville, Va. URY STOCK FARM HERD OF HOLSTEIN - FRIESIANS DE KOL 2D BUTTER BOY 3D No. 2 heads our herd; his breeding and Individual excellence are second to none. A few COWS, YOUNG BULLS and HEIFERS from our beat cows, for sale. All the leading famUles represented. ENGLISH BERKSHIRE pigs by such Boars as MANOR FAITHFUL, Imp.; wt. UOO lbs.; FANCY DUKE, a double grandson of LOYAL BERKS; ESAU PRINCESS OF FIL- STON, by ESAU, Imp. TH03. FASSITT & SONS, Sylmar, Md. 630 THE SOUTHEEIsT PLAIsTTEE. [September, most attractive for cement factories. Mr. Catlett discusses in detail the ad- vantages and disadvantages of the va- rious feasible sites for cement plants. He gives analyses of the limestones found at each point. The only Portland cement plant in the State is the plant of the Virginia Portland Cement Company, which is located at Craigsville. The conditions found there are typical of those exist- ing at a number of places either on or near the Chesapeake and Ohio Rail- way, both in Virginia and West Vir- ginia. Wherever these same beds of limestone are found in a good state of developement, an opportunity, more or less valuable (the value depending upon the local conditions), is present- ed for the manufacture of cement. THE ROSEMONT HEREFORDS. The Rosemont Herefords occupy an original and unique position in the breeding world. The business is con-, ducted on advanced lines, keeping pace with modern methods and require- ments. Mr. Lee Roy Stacy, of Mis- souri, has charge of the business man- agement, and is an expert in feeding, fitting, breeding, pedigrees, publicity, etc. This herd numbers seventy head, and has been gathered without regard to cost. The cows are a grand lot, by such noted sires as Dale, Earl of Shadeland II., Perfection, March On, Acrobat, Corrector, Beau Donald, Cru- sader, Lamplighter, Salisbury, Con- quero, and others. The great show cows, Bennison and Georgina, are also in the herd. The herd is headed by the great Acrobat, 68460, the greatest living Hereford sire. Mr. Stacy is anxious for interested parties to visit Rosemont and see the stock for themselves. A trip to the beautiful Shenandoah Valley, in which Berryville is situated, is of itself worth any one's time. If you cannot go to the farm, write for what you want, and also ask for "A Brief His- tory of Hereford Cattle," which also contains an article on the "Future of Herefords in America." It will be mailed free. Parties who cannot pay cash for stock will be accommodated by the instalment plan. Look up the half-page ad, of this farm in this issue. WHAT HAPPENED. Mary had a little lamb With fleece as white as snow; The rest of all the tragedy Perhaps you may not know. It followed her to school one day, According to the book; Alas, the school where Mary went They taught her how to cook! — September Lippincott's. A neat Binder for your back num- bers can be had for 25 cents. Address our Business Office. YOU MAKE NO MISTAKE WHEN YOU DEPEND ON DR. HAAS' HOG REMEDY to prevent and arrest disease in your herd. Twenty-eight years success, and to-day used by thousands of our leading breeders. I INSURE HOGS, AND PAY CASH FOR ALL THAT DIE when it is fed as a preventive. Full par- ticulars in "Hogology." Prices, 25-lb. can, fl2.o0; 121/4-lb. can, $6.50, prepaid. Packages, $2.50, $1.25 and 50 cents. None genuine with- out my signature on package or can label. ^MHOGOLOQY" FREE. I have just rewritten and revised "Hogology," my hook about hogs, adding much matter on new and Important subjects, and making it indispensible to those desiring information on this great subject. Sent FREE if you mention Southern Planter when asking for it. The only scientific book of the kind ever published. ^: OR MERCANTILE AGENCY. ' TRADED MARK. LATEST REVISED EDITION. JOS. HAAS, V. S., Indianapolis, Ind. El :, [, U •-— *- ^ ^ i» rti • a ft if> ifc < Large English BOARS ready for service. Pigs ready to ship. Bred Gilts. Forest Home Farni, Purcellville, Va, BERKSHIRES! ^ ^ BERKSHIRES! The following up-to-date stockmen think my ROYAL BERKSHIRES the finest the world can show. I could print thousands of the same opinion, but I take only one from each State: P. H. Rudd Mariners Harbor, N. Y. ; Col. P. C. Goldborough, Easton, Md.; J. M. Ven- able, Farmville, Va.; Edgar Long, Graham, N. C; John C. McAfee, Chester, S. C; Dr. S. W. Fain, Dandrldge, Tenn.; President Bowdrie Phinizy, Augusta, Ga. ; R. C. Mc- Klnney, Basslnger, Fla. ; General Thos. T. Munford, Uniontown, Ala.; W. W. Cornelius. Blue Springs, Miss.; J. M. Gann, Varnada, La.; B. P. Van Horn, Toyah, Texas; D. C. Lester. Hatfield, Ark. Take no risk; confer with these people, and order direct from the veteran breeder. THOS. S. WHITE, Fassifern Stock Farm, Lexington, Virginia. I^i"ve car loads brigl-it TimotHy Hay for sale, cHeap. We positively guarantee to guarantee ^o breed and ship the VKKY BEST .strainH of thorouf^hhred registered LARGE ENGLISH BERKSHIRE Hogs for LESS MONEY than any other firm in the U. S., the superiority of our stock considered. Send us your order and we will satisfy you both in price and stock. WALTER B. FLEMING, Proprietor of the Bridle Creek Stock Farm, Warreaton, N. C. IS YOUR FARM FOR SALE? R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., If SO, list it with us. No sale, no charge. Largest list of farms for sale in Virginia, Write for Free Catalogue. (INC.) Richmond, Virginia. 1904.] THE SOUTHEKN^ PLANTER 631 REPORTS. United States Department of Agricul- ture, Washington, D. C. Bureau of Animal Industry. Circular 48. Scales of Points for Judging Cat- tle of Dairy Breeds. Bureau of Chemistry. Circular 17. The Useful Properties of Clays. Bureau of Entomology. Bulletin 49. Report on the I^abits of the Kelep or Guatemalan Cotton Boll Wee- vil Ant. Bureau of Forestry. Circular 49. The Timber of the Edwards Plateau of Texas. Bureau of Forestry. Circular 30. Exhibit of Forest Planting in Wood Lots at the Louisiana Pur- chase Exposition. Circular 31. Exhibit of a Forest Nursery at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. Bureau of Statistics. Bulletin 28. The Commercial Cotton Crops of 1900, 1901, 1902 and 1902-1903. Farmers' Bulletin 202. Experiment Station Work. Alabama Experiment Station, Auburn, Ala. Bulletin 128. Feeding and Grazing Experiments with Beef Cattle. Cornell Experiment Station, Ithaca, N. Y. Bulletin 219. Diseases of Gin- seng. Bulletin 221. Alfalfa in New York. Idaho Experiment Station, Moscow, Idaho. Bulletin 4. Carbon Bi- sulphide as a Squirrel Extermina- tor. Maryland Agricultural College, College Park, Md. College Quarterly, Au- gust, 1904. Fertilizer Analyses. Michigan Experiment Station, Agricul- tural College, Mich. Bulletin 21.5. Experiment with Sugar Beets, 1903. Bulletin 216. Review of Special Bulletins 24, Insect Enemies of Fruits in Michigan; 2.5, Fungous Diseases of Fruits in Michigan; 26, Spraying Calendar. Special Bulletin 29. Action of Bac- teria in the Souring of Milk. Mississippi Experiment Station. Agri- cultural College, Miss. Bulletin 17. Insects Injurious to Stored . Grain. Ohio Experiment Station, Wooster, 0. Press Bulletin. Wheat. Report of Twelve Years' Experiments. Press Bulletin. Lime as a Ferti- lizer. Pennsylvania Experiment Station, State College, Penn. Bulletin 67. Variety Tests of Wheat. Bulletin 68. Methods of Steer Feed- ing. Rhode Island Experiment Station, Kingston, R. I. Bulletin 101. Analysis of Commercial Fertil- izers. Bulletin 100. When to Spray. Virginia Department of Agriculture, Richmond, Va. Quarterly Bulle- tin, August, 1904. Analyses of Fertilizers. Virginia Climate and Crop Service, Best MaGhiire oo Itie Fai»m ^"i Low Down Grain & Fertilizer Drill (.DISC OR hoe; The Original and Only Perleet Low l>o^vn DrUl Large hoppers ; standard four foot wlieel8,with very low frame and hopper. Frame is hung heloir the axle. That's the secret. No cog gears to bother with. All chain drive rtirert from axle. Quantity of grain to he sown, and fertilizer, instantly regulated while drUl is in motion. Positively the simplest, most accurate and lightest running drill on tlie market. Guaranteed to do satisfactory work. Write for FREE booklet. A. B. FARQUHAR CO., Ltd., York, Pa. BLue-Blooded Berkshiras Two of my splendid brood sows, GEORGIA'S HIGHCLERB, 66136, and CARAMEL, 64085, are just about to farrow, being In pig to my great Boar COLUMBIA, 60527. If you want something really choice and royally bred, you had better communicate with me at once. I am expecting large litters, as usual, but I will not have enough pigs to go around. COLUMBIA, sired by FIRST CATCH F, is an imported Boar, and one of the best in the U. S. both in breeding and individuality. GEORGIA'S HIGHCLERE is of the best Highclere breeding, and would be very hard to beat in the show ring. CARAMEL is an imported granddaughter of the celebrated Loyal Berks, and is, there- fore, most fashionably bred. F. M. HODGSON, West End, Va. Tr " BERKSHIRES This herd Is composed of (our royally bred, imported sows, and an imported boar from the celebrated herds of Mr. Frlcker and Mr. Hudson, England, and selected American bred animals from Biltmore and other noted herds. Dr. J. D. KIRK, Importer and Breeder, Roanoke, Va. THE - OAKS - STOCH - FARM. A. W. HARMAN, Jr., Treasurer State of Virginia, Prop. Richmond, Va. We breed and ship the FINEST STRAINS of Large ENGLISH BERKSHIRES for less money than any firm In the South, qnal- itv considered. Every pig shipped possesses .1 individual merit. Pedigree furnished with all stock. Kill or sell your pcrubs and buy hogs that will pay. For prices and description, address ALEX. HARMAN, Mgr.,Lexlngton, Va. TAMWORTH and POLAND CHINA Pigs from registered stock, 8 weeks old, $5.00. A few nice POLAND CHINA Boars ready for service, for $10 to $15. J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Orange Co., Va. POLAN D CHINAS I have now for sale a fine lot of pigs, also boars ready for service, gilts and bred sows. I have In my herd hogs closely related to such hogs or Ideal Sunshine, Great Chief Tecumseb, Royal Racket and Anderson's Model. Also Shropshire sheep and Short Horn cattle. All stock guaranteed as represented or may be returned at my extjense. Farmers prices. J. F DtlRRETTE, BIrdwood, Albemarle Co. 'a. Registered Poland Chinas. Some choice pigs, beauties of the best blood this country affords. Also some fine boars ready for service. Stock guaranteed as rep- resented. Prices low for such quality ef stock. W. M. JONES, Crofton, Va. 632 THE SOUTHERlsr PLANTER. [September, Richmond, Va. Report for July, 1904. South Dakota Experiment Station, Brookings, So. Dak. Bulletin 84. Report of Investigations at the Highmore Station for 1903. Bulletin 85. Early Garden Peas. Bulletin 87. The Western Sand Cherry. Bulletin 88. Breeding Hardy Fruits. West Virginia Experiment Station, Morgantown, W. Va. Bulletin 92. Commercial Fertilizers. Report for 1903. Wisconsin Experiment Station, Madi- son, Wis. Twentieth Annual Re- port. Wyoming Experiment Station, Lara- mie, Wyo. Bulletin 12. Ground Squirrels. Government of the Philippines Islands. Department of Interior, Manila. Bureau of Agriculture Maguey Cultivation in Mexico. Imperial Department of Agriculture for the West Indies, Barbadoes. W. I. A, B, C of Cotton Plant- ing. THE FONTAINE SHOCK BINDER. Farmers are beginning to think of corn harvest during this month. Un- less all signs fail, the harvest will be about the largest that this section of the country has ever seen. It there- fore behooves every one to take extra precautionary measures for the proper handling of the crop so as to save every particle of it. If this be done, there will not be such a shortage of long feed during next winter as was experienced by a large number of stockmen during the past winter. The first thing to do with the corn crop at cutting is to see that it is shocked properly. One of the best things to help shock corn is the Fontaine Shock Binder. One man can operate the lit- tle device, and we undertake to say that if a shock is tied at the proper height with this binder no wind short of a tornado will upset the shock, nor will any ordinary rainfall reach its in- terior. Look up the ad. and get two or three of these binders and try them. ROCKBRIDGE BATHS. We are in receipt of a neat pam- phlet setting forth the merits of this famous summer and winter resort, which is owned by our friend and sub- scriber, E. C. Carter, Esq., of New York city. The wealth and refinement of the continent have visited this fa- mous hostelry and springs for genera- tions. It is better equipped and more convenient of access, and consequently better patronized, han ever. "Yes," said Henpeck, "the thing that impressed me most In Egypt was the mummy of one of the ancient queens." "What was remarkable about It?" "The fact that they could make her dry up and stay that way." IF YOU HAVE AHYTHSNG TO BALE There's a Dederick Press Made to Bale It Dedericb Press made for every buHn? jiuriiosc — for hay, straw, moss, ttou or w.joI— aud iu every style'aiid size, ia wood or steel, and from the sn'iallest hand press to the largest and most l>owerful horse power or steam press. A press of moderate cost and maximum utility ia ^^ DEDERICK'S ''Always Ready" always ready to operate — always ready to move. Simply unhitcli from the truck pole and hitch to the sweep audit's ready for work. Reverse theoperatioQ and it's ready to move. Our illustrated catalogue describes all these different presses. It will pay you to send for a copy. It's free. Dedcrlct's Sods, SJTiToliSt., Albany, N.T. SPRING LITTERS. We have now coming ready for shipment seven litters of LARG£ YORKSHIRE PIGS All recent experiments place this breed in front, as the best and most profitable bacon hog. They will raise 40 per cent more pigs and they will grow faster and make more pork in a given time than any other breed. Also BULLS, YOUNG COWS and HEIFERS from our great JERSEY COWS. BOWMONT FARMS, Salem, Va. We Are Still in the Business — ''HILL TOP" stock at Shadwell, Va. Having changed our residence, we brought with us and have for sale a choice lot of HILL TOP stock. SovitKdo-wn. and SHropsKire SHeep, DerKsKire Hogs and B. B. R. Game CKicKens. Our Berkshire Pigs are now closely sold up, but we have a few left ; will have a fine lot ready to ship by September 1st. We will be glad to serve our old friends and are always glad to make new ones. We have won more premiums on sheep and hogs at State and County ^airs than all other breeders in Virginia combined. H. AS. HAMILTON & SONS, Shadwell, Va. For Sale 10 Reg. Jers ey Heifers and 10 Reg. Guernsey Heifers. All due to calve this fall and wintei*. Also several first-class GUERNSEY BULL CALVES, BERK- SHIRE BOARS, SOWS and PIGS. Can furnish them not akin. Several first-class watch dogs, and also Fox Terrier Puppies. Can be inspected if days' notice is given. M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va. CHESTER WHITES Registered Herd — First Premium stock; largest and most prolific hog on rtcord: 8 Sows 41 Pigs; breeding Stock 400 to 700 pounds; easy feeders and quickly developed. Sows, Boare and Pigs for sale. My time to this breed exclusively. Only strictly first class stock shipped. P. n. FUNKHOUSER, Winchester, Va. Reference: Farmers and Merchants National Bank, Winchester, Va. 1904.] THE SOUTHER!^ PLANTER. 683 THE EVERLASTING TUBULAR ^TEEL PLOW DOUBLETREES Also manufacturer of Farm "Wagon Doubletrees, NecK YoKes and Singletrees Send for o-ur No- S Catalogue for 1904- Contains teverything of Interest to Dealer or User of Wliiffletrees. PATTERN No. 103 EQUIPPED WITH rORGE,D TRIMMINGS. Guaranteed not to break or bend. Furnisbed with rings or hoolis for trace attachment. Sample orders sent to responsible parties on trial. Pittsburg Tubular Steel WHifQetree Company, manufacturers Pi^^s^^rg, Pa, MAGAZINES. The September St. Nicholas brings interesting chapters in the two serials, Gensai Mural's "Kibun Daizin, or Fj um Shark-Boy to Merchant Prince," the story of a Japanese boy for American lads, and Mary Constance Du Bcis's charming tale for girls, "Elinor Ar- aen. Royalist." The illustrations for these stories, by George Varian and W. Benda, are exceptionally good, even for St. Nicholas. Hugh M. Smith tells interestingly of "Brittany, the Land of the Sardine." Lida Rose McCabe describes the ad- ventures of "A Citizen of the Deep." ■'The Country Fair" is the account of how some girls and boys succeeded in carrying out a novel scheme. Jul- ian King Colford's "American Memo- rials in London" tells and pictures facts every one should know. "A Goose Hunt by Steamer" is a jolly account of a jolly expedition, and Maria Brace Kimball describes entertainingly "The Children of Zuni." There are short stories by Caroline M. Fuller, "The Pursuit of the Calico Cat;" S. W. Hovey, "Nothing but a Girl;" Mabel Clare Craft, "The Killing of Storm." The frontispiece of the September St. Nicholas is a full-page reproduc- tion of the painting of Lady Betty Delme and her children, and the num- ber is crammed with gay and pretty verse: "Peter Puff-and-Blow," "The Difference," "Thirteen," " 'Yours Se- verely,' " "The Holly-Tree Wight," "What's in a Name " "A Moonlight Effect," "The Gay Grecian Girl," "Which?" "Folliloo," "Tom's Return" and "The Enterprising Tapir." The departments. Nature and Science, the St. Nicholas League, Books and Read- ing, the Letter-Box and the Riddle- Box, are full of interest and profit, as always. Francis Willing Wharton has a new novelette in the September number of Lippincott's Magazine, entitled "The Deep Waters of the Proud." This title is, we believe, taken from one of the Psalms of David, and the tale through- out excels in power and interest. The half-dozen short stories of the monfh begin with an especially hu- man one by Alden March, entitled "Help Wanted, Females." In it there i» confusion of typewriters (of the fem- FARMERS, READ THIS! great Hereford offering My present offering of pure bred. Registered Herefords, consisting of BULLS, BULL CALVES, COWS and HEIF- ERS, is the best I ever had. If you want some really good cattle and cannot afford the outlay for the establish- ment of a herd of pure breds, do the next best thing and get a pure bred HEREFORD BULL to cross on your native cows. MARQUIS OF SALISBURY 25TH, by Imp. SALIS- BURY, and out of QUEEN LIL, is especially recommended for this very purpose. $75 will get him. Calves by this Bull should fetch twice as much at 6 weeks old as a scrub calf; if kept for beef, they will be ready in one-third to one-half less time; will weigh from 300 to 500 pounds more on the same feed; will bring a cent or two more per pound on the market. Two or three calves will pay for your bull. There is no exaggeration in this statement. It is difficult and expensive to fully describe and price stock in an adver- tisement, so I suggest that you come to Castalia (will meet you at Keswick on notice), and personally examine my stock. You will be more than pleased. I have spent money unstintedly to get the best of the breed. This does not mean that I charge long prices. I positively do not. Write me what you want if you cannot come. Satisfaction guaranteed. MURRAY BOOCOCK, Keswi k, Alb. Co., Va. I I t '>mi n tM ft ,^ ^<.^..^wv«^^ 1 I I I J I I I , ^ i-w^ i , , von Bacon Hall Farm. Hereford Cattle -;- Berkshire Ms REGISTERED-ALL AGES. Toulouse Geese, fluscovy Ducks. | MOTTO! Satisfaction or no sale. E. M. QILLET & SON, = Glencoe, Haryland. Registered <^ Herefords, Herd headed by the Grand Champion PRINCE RUPERT, 79539. Young stock for sale. Inquiries cbeerfully answered. EDW. G. BUTLER, Annefield Farms, Berryville, Virginia. I'KINi'K RDI'ERT, 7'.).-^39. 634 THE SOUTHEE^T PLANTER [September, all one cylinder en^'nes; revoluti tionary ortraction. Mention UNTIL YOU INVESTIGATE THE MASTER WORKMAK," a two-cylinder gasoline engine superior to TOlutionizin^tras power. Costs Less to Bay and Leas to Enn. Quickly, easilystarted. Novibration. Canbemounted on any wagon at small cost— portable, sta- this paper. Send FOR Catalogue. THE TEMPLE PUMP CO-, MfVs., Mencher&lSth Sts., Chicago, THIS IS OUR FIFTY-FIRST YEAR, inine gender) and a happy conclusion. Ina Breevoort Roberts, the popular au- thor of "The Lifting of a Finger," con- tributes one of her fetching love- stories called "The Release." "Grad- uates of the School" is by Cyrus Town- send Brady and is an extraordinarily good tale of yellow journalism. Caro- line Lockhart writes "Sharper Than a Serpent's Tooth," which is a story of Labrador and a thankless child. "At the Sign of the Waxen Woman," by Clinton Dangerfield, is a lively story of the pursuit of a bride and the out- witting of an unwelcome bridegroom. "The Regeneration of Isaiah" closes a series of amusing darky sketches by Ella Middleton Tybout, which have been running through the magazine for some months. These have attract- ed attention sufBcient to demand their publication in more permanent form. Following its "Western," "Fiction" and "Midsummer Holiday" numbers, the September number of The Century will likewise have a special charac- ter. It is called a "Round-the-World" number, and the name is justified by the geographical distribution of the text and pictures. Appropriate to this idea are two drawings by Castaigne, "The Flying Dutchman" and "The Wandering Jew," which are printed as frontispieces. The opening article is the first il- lustrated account in English of the canonization of Saint Seraphim, the Russian popular saint, at Sarov last August, in which the Czar and Czarina took part. It is entitled "The Russian Lourdes." Other articles, which can only be enumerated, are ".Japan's Highest Vol- cano," an account of an ascent of it, by Herbert G. Pouting; "The Nelicatar of Arctic Alaska," by Edward A. Mc- Ilhenny; "Hidden Egypt," recording the first visit by women to the Coptic monasteries of Egypt and Nitria, by Agnes Smith Lewis; "The Nail ot tne Universe," an account of the Emperor of Java and his court, by Ernst von Hesse-Wartegg; "Antarctic Experi- ences." by the explorer, C. E. Borch- grevink; "Round-the-World at the World's Fair," by Walter Williams, with pictures of a curious sort of ex- hibits or natives from Siam, the East Indies, Africa, Patagonia, China, Mex- ico, Japan. Spain, Greenland, and the Philippines. South Africa is repre- sented by a sketch, "The Locusts of Natal," by Mark F. Wilcox; Spain by Cole's beautiful engraving of a paint- ing by Velasquez, and France by De- gas's "Portrait of a Lady," recently bought by Mrs. Gardner for her Boston collection. The fiction has also a wide distribu- tion of scene. "Corporal Sweeney, De- serter," by Ralph D. Paine, is a story of China; "The Alchemy of Illusion," «3Kr3e9r*3t3r»3r*3r^{3t«3t3r3(3t3t3e3«9t3«3t3t3t3e9^^ ^ HIGHLAND STOCK FARM^ I PURE-BRED '^TOCK A SPECIALTY. SPECIAL PRICES for this month on 3rth©rn Cattle, POLAN D CHINA PIGS, SCOTCH COLLIE PUPS. ^ ^ Ail Stock Recorded. - _ _ Write for Prices. HENRY S. BOWEN. Witten's Mills, Tazewell Co., Va. X. CiSMONT DORSETS S X X Prices Reasonable. CISMONT STOCKS FARM ofiers well developed young Dorsets of the best blood of England and America. G. S. LINDENKOHL, Keswick, Albemarle Co., Va. X X X X EDGEWOOD STOCK FARM SorIKI! You men in the early lamb business need Dorset blood. No lamb grows like a grade Dorset. Grade Dorset ewes will lamb in December. One cross will bring results. Try a Dorset ram. Our fall lambs are beautieh. Write us or come to see them. J. 0. and H. B. ARBUCKLE, Maxwelton, Greenbrier, Co., W. Va Save Half in Fruit Trees By Buying Direct from Nursery Without Profit to Agents. Choicest stock of Fruit Trees in the country. All the large, Improved Peaches affording luscious fruit from May to November. All the superb apples and pears covering the whole year. Mammoth delicious plums, cherries, grapes, ♦figs, strawberries, dewberries, black- berries, raspberries, gooseberries, currants, asparagus, rhubarb, etc., etc. Largest ship- pers of strawberry plants In the World. All trees, etc., delivered FREE. 130 page manual telling how to grow all kinds of fruit. Free to buyers. Write now for catalogue for fall planting. Mention this paper. CONTINENTAL PLANT CO., Kittrell, N. C. . . . StraAvberry Plants... All the standard sorts, from earliest to latest, after Sept. 1st, at 50cts. per ICO, or $3 per 1,000. Catalogue on application. J. B. WATniNS &i BRO.. - Hallsboro. Virginia. 1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLAl^TER. 635 by Alice Brown Morrison, is a story of travel in Italy; the scene of this part of "The Sea-Wolf" is the Russian Pacific, while America is represented by Dr. Weir Mitchell's "Youth of Wash- ing, Told in the Form of an Auto- biography;" "The Great American Pie Co.," by Ellis Parke/ Butler, and an- other of Miriam Michelson's stories of the Nevada Madigans, entitled "A Mer- ry, Merry Zingara." There is also an article on "Ballooning as a Sport," by George De Geofroy, illustrated by An- dre Castaigne, the prospect being that before long there may be a club for ballooning in America as there now are similar clubs in Paris and Rome. The poems are for the most part in keeping with the spirit of the num- ber. We have reserved to the last what is probably the most important article in the number. Professor Henry Fair- field Osborn's first paper in his group on "Fossil Wonders of the West." This paper is devoted to the dinosaurs of the Bone-Cabin Quarry in Wyoming, being a description of the greatest sin- gle find of fossils in the world, and of the scientific work which has been done there during the past few years. It will be in the nature of a revela- tion to the scientl?'^ world, and. likt most of the other articles in the num- ber, is fully illustrated. The Review of Reviews, in the Presi- .dential campaign, fills a place in mag- azine literature that no other publica- tion attempts to fill. It is a complete and accurate record of all the strate- gic moves in the game of national and State politics. The July and August numbers dealt with the careers and personalities of the candidates; the September number treats of the plans and methods of the managers, the per- sonnel of the national committees, and the actual work of the canvass. The complex situations in Missouri and Colo- rado, as well as the problems of na- tional party organization in the oppos- ing camps, are discussed editorially, while an illuminating article on Chair- man Taggart and the Democratic com- mittee organization is contributed by James P. Hornaday, with a similar study of Chairman Cortelyou and the Republican campaign plans by Albert Halstead. A unique addition to the liter- ature of the campaign is the interest- ing summary of European press co&- ment on President Roosevelt by Louis E. Van Norman, with reproductions of foreign cartoons. Elsewhere in the magazine appear many American car- toons depicting various pha.ses of our great rjuadrennial battle for votes. But a good deal more than half of the Sep- tember number is devoted to non-po- litical topics. Herbert Croly writes about the effect on metropolitan inter- ests of the opening of the New York rapid-transit subway next month; President Butler, of Columbia, sets forth the educational worth of the St. Louis world's fair, with especial refer- ence to the great September congresses St Hlbans Scbool Situated on a Sunny Headland above the Banks of New River, IN THE Blue Grass Region OF Virginia Prepares Bo>"s rOR UNIVERSITY OR FOR BUSINESS-S'uS^^-e^ SEND FOB ANNUAL CATALOGUE, IN WHICH IS PUBLISHED "plan OF ST. ALBANS SCHOOL." Address, W. H RANDOLPH, Head Master, Radfoed, - - - Virginia. Medical College of Virgfinia. ESTABLISHED 1838. Departments of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmacy. The Sixty-seventh Session will commence September 27,1904. Well-equipped Laboratories, splendid Hospital facilities, and abundant Clinical material afford excellent oppor- tunities for practical work. Tuition fees and living expenses are moderate. CHRISTOPHER TOMPKINS, M. D., Dean, Richmond, Va. Broad & 9tl5 Sts., RICHMOND. VA. Commercial. Stenographic, Telegraphic aod Eng. Depts. Ladles & gentleroeo- No vacations. "It Is the leading Business College south of the Potomac River." --Phil/i. Stenobrapher. "When I reached Rlchrrjopd, I Inquired of several business rrjen for the best Business College In the city, ood. Without exceptioo. they all recommended Smithdcal's as the best "--w. E. Ross, Law STENoeRAPHER, RIchmood. BooKKeepiOg. Shorthand, Writing, taugot by moll. CHARTERED 1870. MERCHANTS NATIONAL BANK OF RICHMOND. VIRGINIA. CAPITAL. - - - $200,000.00. SURPLUS, - _ - $300,000.00. UNDIVIDED PROFITS, - $361,000.00. Depository of the United States, State of Virginia, City of Richmond. Being the Largest Depository for Banks between Baltimore and New Orleans, we afler superior facilities for direct and quick collections; accounts solicited. JNO. P. BRANCH, Pres. JNO. K. BRANCH, Vlce-Pres. JOHN F. GLENN, Ca»h. ABslstant Cashiers; J. R. PERUUE, TH03. B. McADAMS, GEO. H. KEESEE. 636 THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. [September, of science and art; M. C. Sullivan de- scribes the remarkable achievements of the Japanese in battlefield communi- cation, especially in the use of the field telephone and telegraph; a Japa- nese writer sketches General Kurokl; Chang Yow Tong gives a Chinaman's Views on the "Yellow Peril"; Alvan P. Sanborn contributes an appreciation of "Two French Apostles of Courage in America," — Charles Wagner, author of "The Simple Life," and Paul Adam, — both of whom are about to visit the United States; and there are interest- ing illustrated papers on land recla- mation in California and Holland by A. J. Wells and Consul-General Frank D. Hill, respectively. The methods pursued by the General Education Board in obtaining information about Southern school conditions are sum- marized by W. H. Heck. IN FLY TIME. A wealthy Jew had decided to take a long-contemplated vacation. With an eye to business, he called his son to him ere his departure and instruct- ed him carefully and in detail how he wished his affairs conducted du- ring his absence. "Now, Isaac," said he, "I vont you to be very particular mit the suits. I have regulated the price this way: Every dot on the price-mark means a dollar. Von dot means von dollar; two dots, two dollars; three dots, three dollars. Now, my boy, save the price-marks and take good care of the store, so your old father will be proud of you!" And so the old Jew went away and stayed two weeks. Upon his return he sought his son eagerly. "Veil, Isaac, and how has business been?" "Very good, father. I've sold twenty- seven suits." The aged Jew held up his hands in amazement. " Twenty-seven suits ! Oh, Isaac, and how much money did you get?" Isaac showed a 'prodigious sum. Again the old man lifted his arms. "Vat! all this money, and nobody come back!" "No, father, nobody came back." "Isaac, you have saved the tags? give them to me." Slowly and critically he examined the bits of pasteboard. Then a great light illuminated his face. "Oh, Isaac!" he cried, "thank God for dose little flies!" — September Lip- pincott's. RECENT SALES AT BACON HALL. Messrs. E. M. Gillet & Son, proprie- tors of Bacon Hall farm, report the following recent sales: Hereford bull to Louis de La Croix, of North Caro- lina; Berkshire boar to the Maryland Experiment Station; Berkshire sow to W. S. Nelson, of Virginia; Muscovy ducks to L. K. Lynn, of Virginia; all of which were satisfactory. ROOFING OF ALL KINDS. Painted Corrugated Roofing, Painted V. Crimp Roofing, Roofing Tin in boxes or rolls, Tarred Roofing Felt, Perfected Granite Roofing. V V Send us the DIMENSIONS OF YOUR ROOF, stating KIND OF ROOFING wanted, and we will quote yoii on sufficient quantity to cover it. You can ADD YEARS to the life of your roof by painting it with our. Magnet Red Roofing: Paint. 1 gallon will cover 2i squares. Can furnish in any size package, 1 gallon up. Only the very HIGHEST GRADE material enters into the manufacture of this paint. Write for prices. We also carry a complete stock of Conductor Pipe and Gutter, Solders and Metals; Galvanized and . Black Slieet Iron, etc. =^==^=^ Southern Railway Supply Company, 1323 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA The Chesapeake & Ohio Railway Extending from Cincinnati and Louisville, and THROUGH ITS CONNECTIONS.... THE BIG FOUR SYSTEM, from Chicago, St. Louis, Peoria, Indianapolis, Sandusky and Cleveland ; THE OHIO CENTRAL LINES, from Toledo and Columbus; THE CINCINNATI, HAMILTON & DAYTON, from Detroit, Toledo, Lima and Dayton — FORMS THEJMOST DIRECT ^"'nlZ7 r^r;«^ic5c«je$e$if*^«c>cjtjc«rac»:i^^ >*»:«:jit3€jeicjcjc«:jeje«> ..ELMWOOD NURSERIES. WE ABE GEOWEES AND OFFEK A FINE ASSORTMENT OF APPLES, PEACHES, PEARS, CHERRIES, PLUMS, APRICOTS, NECTA- RINES, GRAPEVINES in large assortments, GOOSEBERRIES, CURRANTS, STRAWBERRIES, HORSE-RADISH, ASPARAGUS, DEWBERRIES, and an extra fine lot Raspberries. Splendid assortment ORNAMENTAL and SHADE TREES, ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS and HEDGE PLANTS. EGGS from B. P. ROCK and BROWN LEGHORN FOWLS at $1.00 per 13. Also a few pullets and cockerels of these breeds at $1.00 each for im- mediate delivery. Write for Catalogue to J B. WATKINS & BRO., Hallsboro, Va. Why don't you kill ticks on your cattle and sheep, lice on all an- imals, by dipping or washing the animals with a first-clat-s, non- poisonous tar carbolic creosote dip? And when you purchase, save 20 to 25 per cent, in price by ordering MINOR'S FLUID of A. L. FRENCH.^ = Southern Agent, Byrdvllle, Va. Prop. Sunny Home Angus Herd. WARRANTED ONE OF THE BEST. jf:iejcyyjeri^>:>cjft^;r)cjeje}cjeiciejc«^^ ORGANIZEID 1832. ASSETS. $932,050.00. Virginia Fire and Marine Insurance Company, of IVicKmond, Va. Insures Against Fire and Lig:htning. All descriptions of property in country and town, private or public, injured at fair rates, on accommodating terms AGENCIES IN EVE.RV TO"WN AND COUNTV- W. H. PALHER, President. W. H. HcCARTHY, Secretary. 1904.] THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE. 639 Famo'us Tomado Ensilage Cutter and Improved Blower The only positively safe and durable, as well as efficieat, blower ever produc- ed. Fully guaranteed in every respect. Note carefully the direct transmission of belt power All short belts and con- nections eliminated. No slipping of belt or loss of power possible at the critical periods or when full fed. Will successfully and satisfactorily elevate toany reasonable height, ami do it with the least power of any on the market. Catalogue and infermation free for the asking Ask for it Manufactured _by ^ ^ HARRISON & CO. M ASSI LLON. OH lO. AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION. A Return to the Soil. The little red brick school-house of the earlier days of the settlement of the Mississippi Valley States was the principal factor in the elevation of our great middle class which made of the American nation a people of intelli- gent thinkers, ready and able in time of crisis to decide right and to do. Higher education has followed and new systems and methods have sup- planted the "Hoosier Schoolmaster" and the birch rod, identified with the little red school-house. The educa- tional level of the country has un- doubtedly risen many degrees, but with this advance have come prohlems more perplexing than those which troubled the pedagogues of our fathers. The {rend of the country raised boy is all too irresistably toward the city, while there is no countervailing cur- rent impelling the young people of the cities to fill his place in the country. The problem is one for the most se- rious consideration of our best states- men, this constant and centripetal movement which is overcrowding our centres of industry, where men work for' day wages, and which is steadily drawing from our rural communities where men own the land they live upon and get their sustenance from the soil. TO STKM THE DRIFT. Yet there are quiet forces at work, year by year becoming better organ- ized and of broader power, whose ten- dency is to overcome this hurtful con- dition and induce a migration back to the land and away from the over- crowded centers. Industrial and agri- cultural educations are playing an im- portant part, and nature study courses U. S. Qovernment Stamp of Approval On the Work of the Undesirgned. CONTRACT A ?t'ARDED FOR 12 Charter Gasoline Engines, 7 I t>,OtO Gallon Tanks and Towers, 12 Artesian Wells, 9 Miles of Pipe. ] All to jjbe installed in I thirty days on the old I Manassas (Bull Run) battlefield. If we can satisfy Uncle Sam we can satisfy you. SYDNOR PUMP AND WELL CO., incorporated, Box 949, RICHHOND, VA. DO YOUR TRADING —I Where an established reputation warrants continued confidence. Tbenameof LUMSDEN on anything In the JEWELRY or SILVERWARE line Is a standard of quality. FINE GOLD AND DIAMOlWD JEWULRY. STERLING SILVERAVARE AND CUT GLASS. _ SIX SOLID STERLING SILVER TEA SPOONS, $3.30. Write for our catalogue; it] contaUs 2 many articles on which we can save you money. P C. LUMSDEN & SON, Established 1835, 731 East Main Street, Richmond, iVa. 640 THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER [September, and city school gardens where chil- dren are taught to know something of the soil and plants and the real won- ders of nature working around us at every hand, are no longer looked upon as fads. An interesting move in this direction was made the other day in the organization of the American League for Industrial Education in Chicago, with, such national characters for officers and sponsors as N. 0. Nel- son, of St. Louis, who has founded the village and school of Le Claire, ad- jacent to his factories at Edwardsville, 111.; Thomas Kane, president of the Winona Assembly, which is establish- ing an institution for the teaching of agriculture in Indianapolis; J. H. Krauskopf, founder and president of the now noted National Farm School at Doylestown. Penn.; John H. Patterson, president of the National Cash Regis- ter Co., whose school gardens and model factory equipments at Dayton, O.. have awakened a widespread inter- est; Gen. R. S. Tuthill, through whose efforts the St. Charles Home for Boys at Chicago was founded; O. J. Kern, superintendent of schools for Winne- bago county. 111., who has done a great work in the consolidation of county schools, and perfected plans for en- grafting on them methods for the prac- tical teaching of improved agriculture in experimental gardens; E. B. Butler, president of the board of trustees of the Illinois Manual Training School Farm; and Milton George, the founder of that school; Jane Addams, head resident of the Chicago Hull House Social Settlement, and others of note in this movement. TEACH THE DIGNITY OF WOEK. The League is working for an in- dustrial public school system, which will include the teaching of domestic science and both agricultural and manual training in all the public schools, so that children shall be taught to work with their hands and farm as they are taught in the public schools of France and Denmark. It maintains that every school should have a school garden, where every child should be taught to be a lover of nature and of the country, and train- ed toward the land as a source of hon- orable livelihood, rather than away from it. Such a system of education would undoubtedly tend to very largely check the constant movement toward the cities. The farm boy who receives a fair school or high school education naturally turns toward the place where he can best apply it. His training has not been such as would help him to farm better or make of farming an Interesting science. And so he goes to the city. On the other hand, the city boy, as he grows up and marries would like to have a home of his own on the land, but he knows only the trade he has learned. He knows noth- ing of farming, and he would not know what to do on a piece of land if he had it. It has been often said that Direct from our distillery to YOU Savis Dealers' Profits! Prevents Adulteration ! ^"^^ HAYNER WHISKEY PURE SEVEN-YEAR-OLD RYE 4 FULL QUARTSM EXPRESS CHARGES PAID BY US W flIIR AFFFR ^' ^"' ^'^'P y""' <)(press prepaid, four full quarts of HAYNER'S UUn urrtn seven-year-old rye for $3.20. Try it and if you don't find It all right and as good as you can get from anybody else at any price, send It back at our expense and your $3.20 will be promptly refunded. Tliat's fair, Isn't It? Bear In mind this offer is bacl(ed by a company with a capital of $500,000.00 paid In full and the proud reputation of 36 years of continuous success. We are regularly supplying over a quarter of a million satisfied customers, convincing evi- dence that our whlsi(ey pleases, and that we do just as we say. You run absolutely no risk in accepting our offer, for you get your money back If you are not satisfied with the whiskey after trying it. We ship In a plain, sealed case; no marks to show what's Inside. Orders for Ariz., Cal., Col., Idaho, Mont., Nev.,N. Mei., Oregon, Utah, Wash, or Wyo,, must be on the basis of 4 qUAETS for »*.00 by EXPRESS PREPAID or 20 qciKTS foi $16.00 by FREIGHT PREPAID. Every quart of whiskey we sell is made at our own distillery, and our entire product is sold direct to consumers, saving you the dealers' big profits and avoid- ing all chance of adulteration. No matter how much you pay you cannot get any- thing purer or better than HAYNER WHISKEY and yet it costs only $3.20 for four full quarts and we pay the express charges. Satisfaction guaranteed or money lefonded by first mail. Distillery, Troy, Ohio. Established 1866. ^. 149 WRITE NEAREST OFTICI. THE HAYNER DISTILLING COMPANY ATLANTA) GA, DAYTON, OHIO ST. LOUIS, MO. ST. PAUL, MINN., Jt THE J* SEABOARD AIR LINE RAILWAY OFFERS THE MANUFACTURER, PROFITABLE '^"^ ^"^^^^ '^^'^^^' KKUMiABLC ^^^ DAIRYMAN, INVESTMENTS thE FRUIT GROWER, TO-. ^»^ THE TRUCKER. WHERE YOUR LABOR IS NOT IN VAIN. Wonld » country where work can t)e carried on the entire year and where large profit* can be realized Interest youT The SEABOARD Air Line Railway traverses six Southern States and a region of this character. One two cent stamp will bring handsome illustrated literature descriptive of the section. J. B. WHITE, EDW. W. COST, ^ „ CHARLES B RYAN. Gen. Industrial Agt., Portsmouth, Va. Traff o Mgr. Gen. Pass. Agt., Portsmouth, Vi. 1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLAN^TER. 641 The Only Complete Drill. Hoe^Disc or Shoe Fertilizer And Plain Drills. America's 20th Century Line. FETZER & CO., Capital, $1,000,000. Middletown, Ohio, U. S. A. Factory established 1858. Write for Booklet S. %So CONVEN/ENT. (patented ) LONG/TUD/NAL LEVER OUT^OF THE Way. Set on the hopper ^'====^:::^ ,^%. y (Sc OPERATE y^=^^^^ 's^r^ A\ /T Better THAN A seat. it is useless to put the poor of the great cities out in the country because they will not stay there. They cannot be expected to, for to them it is a strange and barren story. The expe- rience of the Salvation Army, however, found in its many irrigated colonies, shows that men will go out from the cities and live on the land and make good^ citizens where they are taught what to with the land after they get on it. The irrigated farms of the "West show the great capacity of land when well and intensively farmed, and that men can live in plenty and comfort on five acres and even on a single acre. Suppose that the 7.5,000 recently dis- charged employees of the Pennsylvania Railroad each had a highly cultivated acre of rich land to which he could turn his attention. Instead of being a drag on the community and the coun- try, instead of having stopped pro- ducers, and would still be able to at least get a living from the soil. Does not this instance of the disemployment of 75,000 men who might, if they own- ed each an acre, be getting a living from the soil, supply food for thought to the man who is pondering over eco- nomic problems? Gut E. Mitchell. A neat Binder for your back num- bers can be had for 25 cents. Address Wix Bnslness Office. GENUINE OLIVER CHILLED BEAM PLOWS RS. This far-famed and world- renowned Plow we guaran- tee you is worthy of all that is said in praise of it. Wood Beam also furnished. Write for large Illustrated Cata- logue. We are general distribu- tors of the GENUINE ONLY. Farm Tools and Supplies Large Illustrated Catalogue for 1904 Just issued, embracing Hand, Horse and Power Labor- Saving Implements. You must save as well as make money. Write for this FREE catalogue at once. NORFOLK FARM SUPPLY CO. Implements Poultry Supplies Fertilizers Wheel IVlaterlal 41 to 51 Union Street. NORFOLK, VA. INCUBATORS AND BROODERS. Season is at hand. HEN PRODUCTS higher than ever. Our prices low. Write for Free Catalogue, r When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the SotTTHSBN PLAKTTEB. 642 THE SOUTHERIsT PLANTER. [September, Seed House of the Mh. The following lift ef papers an* p«rtodlc*li are the moet popular onee In thla seetloa. We ca4 SAVE TOU MONHT on whatorer jonmal you wlah: DAILIBS. Price With Alone. Planter. Tlmes-Dlspatch, Richmond, Va $6 00 $5 00 The PoBt, Washington, D. C 6 00 « 00 The Sun, Baltimore, Md 8 00 a 40 Chicago Live Stock World 4 00 3 50 News-Leader, Richmond, Va 8 00 3 00 TRI-WEEKLT. The World (thrlce-a-week), N. T... 1 00 1 25 WEEKLIES. Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00 Montgomery Adyertlier 100 100 Nashville American 60 76 Breeder's Gaiette » 2 00 1 75 Hoard's Dairyman 100 135 Country Qentleman 1 50 1 75 Religious Herald, Richmond, Va 2 00 2 25 Tlmes-Dlspatch, Richmond, Va 100 125 Central Presbyteriam, " " ....2 00 2 25 Horseman 8 00 3 00 MONTHLIES. Wool Markets and Sheep 60 75 Dairy and Creamery 60 76 Commercial Poultry 50 75 AU three 160 115 North American Review 500 500 The Century Magaziae 4 00 4 26 St. Nicholas Magazine 3 00 3 25 Llpplncott's Magazine 2 60 2 50 Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 DO Harper's Bazaar 100 140 Bcrlbner's Magazine 3 00 3 25 Frank Leslie's Magazine 1 00 1 35 Ceemopolltan Magazine 1 00 1 36 Bverybody's Magazine 1 00 1 35 Mnneey Magazine 100 136 Strand Magazine 126 165 McClure's Magazine 100 136 Argosy Magazine 1 00 1 35 Review of Reviews 2 50 2 76 Poultry Success 1 00 75 Rural Mechanics 100 55 Blooded Stock 60 CO Snccessful Farming 100 71 Bouthero Fruit Grower 60 81 Where you desire to subscribe to two vr more of the publications named, you can ar- rive at the net subscription price by deduct- ing 60 cents from "our price with the PLANTER." If you desire to subscribe to any other publications not listed here, write «■ and we will cheerfully quote clubbing or net lubscriptloD rates. Subscribers whose time does not expire until later can take advantage of our club rates, and have their subscription advanced one year from date of expiration of their subscription to either the PLANTER or any of the other publications mentioned. Don't hesitate to write ui for any informa- tion desired; we will cheerfully answer any correspondence. We furnish NO SAMPLE COPIES of other psriodlMOs. ^ RED CLOVER, HAMMOTH CLOVER, CRinSON CLOVER, WHITE CLOVER, LUCERNE CLOVER, ALSVKE CLOVER, BOKHARA CLOVER, JAPAN CLOVER, BUR eLOVER, TinOTHY, ORCHARD QRASS, RED TOP or HERDS QRASS, KENTUCKY BLUB QRASS, RANDALL QRASS. TALL MEADOW OAT QRASS, JOHNSON QRASS, GERHAN MILLET, BUCKWHEAT, OATS and CANE SEED. "Whatsoever One Soweth, That Shall He Reap/' We sell strictly reliable FIELD AND GARDEN SEEDS of eveiy variety at Lowest Market rates, included in which are RAGLAND'S PEDIGREE TOBACCO SEEDS. ^ ^ ^ WE ALSO SELL Our Own Brands of Fertilizers For Tobacco, Cos^n, Wheat, Potatoes, &c. Pure Raw-Bone Meal, Nova Scotia and Virginia Plaster and Fertilizing Materials generally. Parties wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to price our goods. Samples sent by mail when desired. Wm. A. Miller & Son, ^ 1016 Main Street, LYNCHBURG, VA. Headquarters for Nursery Stock. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders ALL STOCK TRUE TO' NAME. Apples, Nectarines, Pecans, Pears, Cherry, Chestnuts, Peach, Quinces, Walnuts, Plum, Almonds, Small Fruits, Apricots, CALIFORNIA PRIVET, tor Hedging. . . AGENTS WANTED. Ornamental and Shade Trees, Evergreens, Roses, Etc, WRITE FOR CATALOGUE. FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., Baltimore, Md. 1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 643 The American Field Fence is the most economical fence that can be erected. Its cost is even less than barb wire or wood and when erected is practically ever- lasting. Furnished in various heights and styles. Write for special catalogue and prices. C3, 55IN(5I. ^ '1 ;- 4T' IN. L . • 't , . P^m 39 IN. e- S2 ,"*• "!' t ; ti "^' • — ,2^ IS. te « 20 IJt. I'fe v. ■ 1 ^eJ" %j "^ ' ' UBMI 1 nil 1 1 UL. y " ' ' 3^ f=5 i 2 L-2 J.^ d^M ', ; IK^ SSI » OkH tjhum «»■» i>k*SW Srm9 Ka« Fiwsrftj m^an loesB ESBS: S?3SSiSiS^09V is^m ^v- THE THOMAS DISC GRAIN DRILL will drill perfectly WHEAT, OATS, CORN, PEAS and BEANS as well as grass seed of all kinds. With or with- out fertilizer attachment. OHIO FEED CUTTERS for hand or power. A comparison with others will convince you it is the strongest, sim- plest and best made. The power ma- chines are furnished with blower or carrier if so wanted. Prices very low. V CRIMP STEEL ROOFING. The most economical roof made. Does not require a carpenter to put it on. Fur- nished in all lengths from 5 to 10 feet long. SINGLE AND DOUBLE CIDER MILLS. All sizes and capacities at WOOD'S PATENT SWING CHURN. The quickest and cleanest butter maker known. The frame is made of Hol- low Steel Pipe, very light and strong, and easily forms a useful table. The churns are furnished of either wood or heavy tin. THE EMPIRE CREAM SEP- ARATOR should be on every farm where three or more cows are kept. It will save its cost many times in one year. It is the simplest one ever man- ufac tured and can be c le a n e d "without trouble to any one. Write us forparticulars. low prices. BIRDSELL STEEL SKEIN FARM WAQONS, MITCHELL FARM WAGONS, BUGQIES, CARRIAGES, HAR- NESS, ROBES, BARB AND PLAIN WIRE, POULTRY NETTING AND LAWN FENCING, CORN SHELLERS, FEED CUTTERS, GRAIN DRILLS, WOOD SAWS, MOWERS, BINDERS, HAY RAKES. All kinds of Agricultural Implements and Machines. Catalogue mailed free. THE IMPLEMENT CO., 1302 and 1304 E. Main St., Richmond, Va. 644 THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. [September, EVERLASTING DOUBLETREES AND SINGLETREES. We present herewith an illustration of the factory of the Pittsburgh Tubu- lar Steel Whiffletree Co., in which are made the celebrated tubular steel double- trees, singletrees and neck yokes of every description. These articles are made from steel tubes, which are tapered and flattened, which process gives them a graceful appearance as well as adds to their already great strength. Trimmings are all drop forged and are so arranged that any blacksmith can make repairs, when necessary. These goods are used extensively on the farms and plantations in almost every country, including far-off Australia, Mexico, Hawaii, Philippines and many others, and all users are unanimous in their praise of the great merits of the Tubular Steel Whiffletrees. The manufacturers guarantee them to excel all other makes in the three essential points of strength, durability and con- struction. The following guarantee goes with every set of these articles which leaves the factory: The Tubular Steel Doubletree is proven to be superior to any other form of construction, not excepting sheet steel, solid steel, malleable iron, or the best hickory grown. They are head and shoulders ahead of any other whiffletree on the market to-day, and are entitled to this position on the possession of the following recognized merits, not possessed by other makes: First. The necessary draft strength. Second. The necessary lifting strength. Third. The only absolutely safe trimmings, which are guaranteed to re- main permanent in all climates and under all conditions, it having been de- monstrated by actual service in the damp and sultry climate of Cuba during the late war with Spain, when the United States Government equipped 5,000 of the army wagons with our farm wagon doubletrees, pattern No. 102, and the goods were found to be so satisfactory that the officer in charge there made them the subject of a special report. All dealers and users are requested to send for illustrated catalogues show- ing a full line of these articles for all purposes from the hauling of the heaviest machinery to the lightest plowing and harrowing. To those going to the Exposition at St. Louis, don't fail to examine the creditable exhibit of this company, which is in the Transportation Building. Farm Wagon and Overland Freight Wagon Doubletrees, equipped with Forged Fittings. Furnished with Hooks or Rings for trace attachment. Just a final word. The manufacturers are so impressed with the superior qualities of the Tubular Steel Singletrees that they desire all users to have the benefit of this invention, which will save time and money. Address the Pittsburgh Tubular Steel Whiffletree Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. The Unit Road Machine When corresponding with our advertisers always mention the SOUTHEBN PLANTEB. So called because it has but ONE WHEEL, and take but ONE TEAM and ONE MAN to operate it. Is of light draft, is sold at a low price, and will work roads faster than any other machine. Both ends of the mould board are under control of the driver. Being short it can be easily turned round in narrow roads to trim up short sections. IT IS A PERFECT RUT SCRAPER. The angle of the blade causes it to cut the ruts to best advantage, sweeping the loosened earth sidewise to fill them and moving the surplus to the centre of the road. Roads can be kept in good condi- tion, after constructed, at very little expense. EVERY DISTRICT SHOULD HAVE ONE. Write for circular. THE CALL WATT CO. 13S. 15 St. bet. Hain and Cary, Richmond. Va. The RICHMOND FREDERICKSBURG. and POTOMAC R. R. and WASHINGTON SOUTHERN R'Y THE RICHMOND-WASHINGTON LINE. The Link Connecting the Atlantic Coast Line R. R., Baltimore and Ohio R. R., Chesapeake and Ohio R'y, Pennsylvania R. R., Seaboard Air Line R'y and Southern R'y. Between all Points via Richmond, Va. Fast Mall, Passenger, Express and Freight Route between Richmond, Fredericksburg, Alexandria, Washing- ton, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, Boston, Pittsburg, Buffalo, and all points North, South, East and West. W. D. DUKE, C. W. GULP, General Manager. AsBt. Gen'l Man. W. P. TAYLOR, Traffic Manager. I 1904.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 645 HXH«HKH5i»«K«K«H>lXHKH«KKHK^^ THISTLE BRAND LAIDLAW'5 Concentrated Tobacco Powder, Sheep Dip and Cattle Wash. A SURE CURE FOR THE EXTERMINATION OF Scab and Tick in Sheep. Lice on Horses and Cattle. Lice on Hogs. . Mange on Dogs. • Kills all vermin. AUays all irritation. Promotes growth of wool. Makes animal feel well and take on flesh. AB-'OLUTELY NON-POISONOUS. PRICES: 5-Ib.bag, 75c.; 10-lb. bag, $1.25; 25-lb. bag, $2.60; 50=Ib. bag, $5.00. One 50-lb. bag makes 500 gallons Dip for Scab, and 1000 gallons for Tick, etc. SOLE MANUFACTURERS, LAIDLAW, MACKILL & CO., Limited, Richmond, Va., U. S. A. To be Had at all Leading Drug Stores. DEATH OF DR. REYNOLDS. We are pained to have to record the death of Dr. James Henry Rey- nouds, of Adrian, Mich., who for a number of years was advertising man- ager of the Page Woven Wire Fence Company of that place. Our business intercourse with this gentleman was always of the friendliest and most sat- isfactory character. We always found him fair and square, upright and hon- orable, courteous and friendly. We tender his family and his late employ- ers our profoundest sympathy in their THE KEMP "SUCCESS" MANURE SPREADER. bereavement. THE TORNADO ENSILAGE CUTTER We have pleasure in calling the at- tention of our readers to the adver- tisement of Messrs. W. R. Harrison & Co., Massillon, Ohio, to be found on another page. This firm makes one of the very best ensilage cutters on the markets. Our farmers ■will never be able to handle their tremendous com crop without an ensilage cutter, and they will do well to investigate the merits of this one before purchas- ing. A neat Binder for your back num- bers can be had for 25 cents. Address our Business Of9ce. iiHR m The Kemp & Burpee Manufacturing Company were the pioneers in in- troducing manure spreaders, and have remained in the lead from the first. The Kemp & Burpee Manure Spreaders have always been the standard machines. Now they have taken a long step forward, and offer the farm- ing public their newest spreader, which they have named "Success"; and it is well named, for it is so immensely superior in every way to anything ever before offered that it has proven to be a success among farmers. It is lighter in draft than the old machines, handles manure of all kinds and fertilizers with perfect ease and accuracy, and may be so arranged as to spread a given quantity of manure with evenness and exactness — ^wet, strawy manure, light strawy manure, manure tramped in the feed lot by cattle, fresh stable manure, sheep manure, cornstalk, corn cobs, ashes, lime, salt, commercial fertilizers, or anything else that is used for fertilizing purposes, no matter what it is. It has attachments for distributing com- mercial fertilizers on drills in the rows in any quantity per acre. I will pay any one needing a manure spreader — and every farmer needs one, unless already supplied— to send for the catalogue of this company and give it a careful reading. It is sent free to all inquirers. Address Kemp & Burpee Manufacturing Company, Syracuse, N. Y. When corresponding with our advertlBers always mention the Boufhem Planter. 646 THE SOUTHEEIT PLANTER [September, E GEO stablished by XH P C^ A i I _ \\/ A XT C f\ MANFRED CALL, D. WATT, 1840. 1 i I L^ %^r\L^L^ — ^Y r\ I 1 WV/«^ Gen'L Manager. Implements, Machinery and Vehicles. HAND PRESS For Hay, Cotton, Straw, Shucks, etc., etc. PORTABLE EVAPORATOR, With Copper or Galvanized Steel Pans. THREE-ROLL CANE MILL. DISC AND HOE GRAIN AND TILIZER DRILLS, Broadcast Plaster and Fertilizer Distrib- utors. Disc Harrows, Field Rollers, Manure Spreaders, Pea ilullers, Farm Wagons (all sizes), Engines, Saw Mills, Grinding Mills, Plows and Plow Repairs of all kinds. Corn Shelters, Wheat Fans. We solicit enquiries for anything desired. .j 3 g_ 1 5th Street, ^'*- '^^'" ^"^ *^^'^R I C H M O N D, VA. CATALOGUES. The Virginia Land Agency, Rich- mond, Va., Hockaday Casselman & Co., Main street, Richmond, Va. The Foos Mfg. Co., Springfield, O., Grinding Mills, Corn Harvesters, Corn Shellers and Farm Tools. The American Devon Cattle Club. Year Book for 1904. U P. Sisson, Secretary, Newark, O. E. R. Taylor, Penn Yan, N. Y., manu- facturer of Carbon Bisulphide for de- stroying Insects in grain, etc. KEEP FLIES OFF STOCK. Milch cows suffer more from attacks of flies and mo.squitoes in summer- time than other animals, and the flow of milk IS often seriously impeded in consequence. An occasional spray of Sanford's Fly Knocker keeps off the flies and biting insects and allows the animals to feed in comfort. The ex- pense is very small, while the gain is great. F. S. Burch & Co., Chicago, can supply you. NOW I LAY ME. Oh, once upon a time there was A tiny little tot Who knew her Mother Goosey, though Her prayers she quite forgot! She started off, "I lay me down " Then what do yon suppose? — "Dov;n came a hlarkhird. And nipped off her nose!" — September Lippincott's. AFTER HARVEST WORK. There is the hauling out and spreading of the season's accumulation of manure; the clearing of the wood lot; the removal of stumps, boulders, stones, etc.; the repairing of farm and pasture fences and the filling of silos. Then, too, there is the shelling and marketing of last season's corn, which has been held until the present crop has given evidence of success. The marketing of the spring anrl summer fed hogs, etc. Every one of these operations brings the farm wagon into frequent and al- most continued use. It is important, then, that the farm v/agon be a good one. It should be as light as is consistent with requisite strength. It should be low down so that it may be easy to load. It should have broad faced tires in order to avoid cutting up and "rutting" of meadows, pastures and farm lands, and to reduce the traction and draft to the minimum. These good qualities and advantages in a farm wagon are embodied in a high degree in the Electric Handy Wagon, a cut of which is shown with this article. As its name indicates, it is a low down, handy wagon in every sense to which this term will apply. It is very easy to load, saving, we think it safe to say, more than half the lift, as it is the nart of the lift above the centre of gravity — the last half — which requires the heavy strain. This advantage will be appreciated almost beyond comparison in hauling all the above mentioned substances. Write to Electric Wheel Co., Quincy, 111., for free catalogue. 1904.] THE SOUTHEEli PLANTEE. 647 $Ck>i5 FO R: WHEAT, OA mR OTHER I It is the "Old'Reliable" and has stood the test for 25 years. It is composed principally of Hydrate of Lime Sulphate of Lime and Potash. SPECIAL W HEAT ^^ ^^^ ^^^^ brand on the markets only a few years ago and its success has been short of marvelous. Somj of the best farmers tell us that they get PfcRllL.IZE.R.... a better stand and growth of grass and clover from it than any other fer- tilizer. Recommended for corn land or any other land of fair fertility. PLAIN SHELL LIME Constantly on hand at lowest prices. No." 1. W^OOD BURNT LIME, in car lots at lowest marKet price from the Kilns. If you wish to IMPROVE your land, use a ton of PREPARED LIME to four acres for WHEAT and CLOVER, or if you wish to seed it for other GRASSES where the land is in good condition, use the same quantity and it will give yoa a good STAND and GROWTH of GRASS. For reclaiming POOR land, where there is little or no VEGETATION, COVER naked place with litter from the barnyard or forest using the same quantity, and sow winter OAIS and CLOVER, SEND FOR CIRCULAR AND PRICES. 102 SoutK 13th Street RicHmond, Virg'inia. Oi},tyCti>i>ii<^^ THE GREAT WESTERN MANURE SPREADER. It is his duty to himself for a far- mer to use modern, up-to-date machin- ery in his work. Otherwise he works at a disadvantage compared with his neighbors. It is in this light that we present the subject illustrated here, the Great Western Endless Apron Ma- ivire Spreader. This machine ought to be considered one of the most ne- cessary and most important on the farm. It solves the problem of main- taining the land's fertility, and this means everything to him who is go- ing to get prosperity out of the land. The old way of spreading manure will not answer now. It did not make ' the most, not even half value, out of the manure. It was slow, laborious, disagreeable work. The work was not done at proper times. The same amount of manure did not cover half the ground it can be made to cover with the Great Western, and yet the results on the first crop and succeed- ing crops are more apparent. Of the perfect working and perfect adaptation of this machine to its spe- cial work we have spoken above. We will not at this time go into detail again on the matter. It must be re- marked, however, that, while called a manure spreader, it is equally adapt- ed to the right distribution of every character of farm fertilizer. A faint idea of the distinguishing features of this great machine may be gathered fiom their advertisement. It should be read and each claim noted by every former who does not possess a ma- nure spreader. These are the unques- tioned essentials of the perfect work- ing machine. A much better idea can be gathered from the Great West- ern Catalogue, a comprehensive book, which may be had simply by address- ing the manufacturers, the Smith Ma- nure Sprca.ler Company, No. 18 South Ciiuton street, Chicago. It lays before the reader in a most convincing way the advantages of spreading manure by machinery, and shows fully and fairly the comparative merits of the Great Western. Marshall P. Wilder is reported to be responsible for this: A jovial Irishman of County Down, Ireland, was overfond of the cup that cheers, and also had a liking for the public house, where he was in regu- lar attendance. His wife, wishing to wean him from his bad habits, decid- ed to jiut up a job on him, and called in her brother Mike to help her. Mike was to waylay Terence on the way home from the spree, pretend to be a ghost, and deliver a severe reprimand, pjverything went along swimmingly and Terence was slowly but noisily nearing home when a ghostly appari- tion rose quietly before him. "Hello there!" cried Terence. "An' phat are you?" "I'm auld Nick," came grimly from the apparition. "Sure, an' I'm mighty plazed t' mate yer," said the jovial Terence. "Coom out an' gie us a shake of yer hand. I'm married to a sister of yours." NO PAY, NO CURE. "Mister," said a little child to the herb doctor, or "root doctor," as they are sometimes called in some parts — "Mister, mamma says them las' pills you sold her didn't do no good, and she told me to ask you to send her some other kind this time," and, say- ing which, she placed the empty box on the doctor's rickety desk. "Lerame see," said the doctor, as he adjusted his glasses and looked over his book. After inspecting the book for a few moments he looked up and said: "Humph, humph! I see whar de trouble is. You tell you' mammy, honey, dat she nevah paid fur dem las' pills she got, an' tell her she can't spec' fur dem to do her no good 'cep'n dey's paid fur!"— September Lippin- cott's. Mention The Southern Planter when corresponding with advertisers. 648 THE SOUTHEEl^ PLANTER [September, Latest Improved FARM IMPLEMENTS. Scientific Steel Corn Harvester. The best Harvester on'earth, for standing corn Safety seats. Safety shafts ROSS.... Fodder Cutters, Fodder Shredders, Cutters for all purposes, Corn Shellers, Grinding Mills, Horse Powers and Wood Saw. Special prices given on Studebaker and Brown Wagons, Buggies and Carts. -^.^^^VIkU^^ Chattanooga Cane Mills and Evaporators. CAHOON Seed Sowers. MICHIGAN barrow Sowers. Wheel- SUPERIOR GRAIN DRILLS. Plain and Fertilizer Hoe and Disc Drills— all sizes Three Aspinwall Planters, Potato Sorters and Cutters. Aspinwall Potato Planter. Automatic, Accurate and Reliable. Used by thousands of practical growers the world over Over twenty years on the market. Don't be fooled by imita- tions and makeshifts, but write for at- tractive illustrated catalogue. Studebaker Buggies, all styles, Studebaker Car- riges, Studebaker Carts, Studebaker Runabouts TIGER DISK HARROW. Plainand LeverBpringTooth Harrows. AUSlzes Frlck and AuUman and Taylor Engines. Saw Mills and Threshers. HENING & NUCKOLS, ELI BALING PRESSES. 58 styles and sizes. For 'Horse' or steam power. Write for prices and Catalogues. Successors to CHAS. E. HUNTER, mil [. m St., iiH, m, A. C. SiNTON, Pres. WRITE FOR A CATALOGUE I J. J. Sutton, Sec'y. THE WATT PLOW CO,, 15th & Franklin Sts. & 1404 E Main St. RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA. ^ ^ We handle the best in Agricultural Implements, ^ ^ ^ ^ Machinery, Vehicles and Harness . . . . ^^ ^ Portable Evaporator Sweep Feed Mill Smalley FeedJCutter I!is Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company. ORGANIZED 1857. ASSETS, $178,000,000. PURELY MUTUAL. 'TpHIS COMPANY has paid nearly one and a half millions^in Virginia, in death claims alone, without contest or compromise of a single policy. It has policy holders in nearly every county whose names will be furnished as references, together with full in- formation as to rates and plans, to any one contemplating life insurance, or desiring to represent -«» .—THE BEST COMPANY FOR THE POLICYHOLDER.^ ««i.^ T. ARCHIBALD CARY, General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina, .1201 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA. 3TRONQ, HEALTHY AND SLEEK HORSES Are the inevitable reeult of giving OWENS & MINOR'S DIXIE CON- DITION POWDERS. It you wish fet and Bmooth Cattle and healthy Milch, C!ows, give DIXIE CONDITION POWDERS. For RHEUMATISM, SPRAINS, STRAINS and all PAINS nae DSXXE XTSRVE JLim BOXffB Z-XmaXEZTT— Beet on earth for Ifam ox Beaat. Lari^ Bottle 25 cts. ; eversrwhere. — ^ — OWENS * MINOR DRUG CO. ^''^ ^^ A ^^^^^^^^^^AA^^^^^^^^^^^MMM ^ ^WVMMWWWV W ., Richmond, Vs. \ > WHEAT DRILLS The most improved, up-to-date drills made- Will drill wheat, corn, beans, peas and any other seeds ; clover and grass seed attach- ments. We furnished the most approved drills used in the EAST, and another drill, the most approved used in the WEST. It will be worth your time and trouble to see us or write us if you want a drill this Fall. We have inspected all of the drills at the St. Louis Exposition and are ready to give you the benefit of our investigation. ASMTON STARKE, Implement House, Richmond, Va. X s The STATE BANK OF VIRGINIA! 5J0HN 8. ELLETT, President. WM. M. HILL, Cashier. CAPITAL, $500,000. SURPLUS $240,000. RICHMOND ... VIRGINIA