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The estimated yield of the corn crop is 2,575,000,000 bushels, as compared with 2,592,320,000' in 1907, and 2,927,416,000 bushels in 1906. In the face of these figures, which confirm the views we have all along expressed as to the yield of the crop this year, there does not appear to be any probability of cheap corn the coming year. It looks more like a dollar market than a 75-cent one. Already the effect of this outlook is seen in the live-stock markets, which are being flooded and demoralized by half-fed animals of all kinds. Those who can afford to hold and feed their stock of all kinds should do so, as there will be a scarcity later, and prices will be good. We know that it takes nerve to turn down a dollar or near to it for a bushel of corn, but we believe that if fed to good stock with liberal rations of good hay and long feed, or silage, that they will turn the dollar grain into at least $1.25 grain, and possibly $1.50 grain. Hay is going to be lower in price than last year, and we have good forage crops, and these can be profitably fed with the grain.

The work of securing all the late forage crops should have constant attention. This fine weather cannot be expected to last long, and when the weather breaks we may expect to have winter upon us very soon. Late forage crops will cure slowly now, and therefore will require much more handling to fit them for the barn. Do not leave them broadcast longer than necessary to wilt them well, and then make up into small cocks, and break these out during the middle of the day and each night make them up into cocks again, a little larger than the last. In this way they will gradually cure and make a good quality of feed. Sorghum and corn fodder may be used to fill up the silo, which the special crops grown for this purpose did not fill. They should be well watered, as they are cut, and will then pack and heat well, and make a fair quality of silage. Corn fodder and sorghum not saved in this way should be shredded as soon as sufficiently cured to keep, and be stored in the barn or in pens which, can be covered with boards or straw to keep out the rain. If the forage is not well cured it will be advisable to cut up some straw and mix with the shredded fodder as it is stored. This will prevent overheating, as the dry straw will absorb the moisture. Soy beans should be stacked in the open air, as they require a good deal of curing to keep well, and stacked in the open air and covered with straw or a board roof will cure out better than in the barn. After the beans have been threshed out, which can be done with an ordinary wheat separator by giving plenty of room for the stalks to pass through, and running the machine slowly the beans should be spread out thinly on the granary floor, as they require to be well dried or they will heat badly and spoil. Cow-peas may be threshed out either with the new thresher just put on the market for that purpose, or with a wheat separator, or with a husker and shredder. The machine used should be run slowly, so as not to break the peas. Both soy beans and cowpeas thresh better and cleaner after they have been stacked a month or two, and have gone through the sweat and dried out again. Where sorghum cane which has grown to maturity is not used to fill into the silo or shredded and mixed with dry straw it is

better to leave it in the field in good large shocks, as it does not keep well stored in the barn, it being difficult to cure so that it will not mould. The shocks should be tied round tightly at or near the top to keep out the wet after the shocks have become dried well. As it is used for feeding it is a good plan to cut off the seed heads and grind them into meal to be fed to the stock on the cut fodder. The seed being small when it is fed on the stalks much of it passes through the stock undigested, and the feeding value, which is as high as corn, is practically lost. The advantage of having a corn grinding mill on the farm is well illustrated in this case. These mills are now made in all sizes and can be run either with horse power or a kerosene or steam engine, and are adapted to grind the corn on the cob or shelled; or sorghum heads, and in this way so increase the amount of meal made as to soon pay the cost of the mill. Corn ground on the cob is better for feeding to cattle than shelled corn ground, as the fibrous matter of the cob makes a meal much more easily acted upon by the digestive fluids of the stomacn, and thus whilst this fibrous matter is of itself of but little feeding value, its use makes the corn meal itself more effective. The grinding of all grain fed to cattle, sheep and hogs is a practice which we should advise as fed unground much of the grain passes through the animals undigested, and does them no good. The meal should be fed when ground on moistened cut fodder, hay or straw, and will then go into the stomach of the animal in the best shape to be fully utilized.

The warm dry weather of October has greatty hindered the seeding of wheat; indeed, it has not been safe to sow it anywhere in the South, except in the mountain sections, even if the land had been in such condition that it could be properly prepared for the seed, as the danger of injury from fly was, too great. This work will now press for immediate attention, and not a day should be lost after the weather becomes sufficiently cool, and the land can be properly prepared. When work has been done on the land in September and October, as we advised, it will be quickly made into a nice seed bed after a light fall of rain, and the seed should be at once sown, so that it may germinate and make a start to growth before the really cold weather sets in. Our experience in wheat growing has convinced us that we always got a better crop of wheat from a field where the plant had not made too great a growth before Christmas. If the plants get well above ground, before the cold weather sets in they will usually make a stronger root growth than when sown early, and the plants have begun to tiller before the cold checks them, and this stronger root growth enables the crop to make a quicker and stronger growth in the spring. In our last issue we wrote fully on the seeding of this crop, and to that issue refer our readers..

The point we would now most strongly emphasize is to make as perfect a seed bed as possible, so that quick germination shall be secured, and the plants thus be given the opportunity to get a good start. Use the harrow, the roller and the disc or cutaway harrow frequently, and thu3 get a compact sub-surface and a loose surface soil, and then seed the crop. Late though it be it is better to lose a day

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or two rather than sow on a poorly prepared seed bed. If the land is not rich do not skimp the fertilizer. Wheat is selling well now, and likely to sell higher next year, and it will pay to make a better yield per acre.

It is too late now to sow anything but rye as a cover crop, but this may yet be sown with advantage to the land, as it will make a growth which will conserve the fertility of the soil, and provide spring grazing for young stock, sheep and hogs. Sow two bushels to the acre.

When the teams are through with the seeding of the wheat crop keep them at work breaking the land intended to be cropped next year. In doing this work you can safely at this season plow deeply into the subsoil, and also break the subsoil itself with a subsoil plow with great advantage. See that the plowman does not endeavor to turn a furrow wider than the plow will cut cleanly across the sole of the furrow, and have this furrow set on edge and not turned flat over. In this way the subsoil turned up is not thrown onto the surface, but left in a position to be mixed with the surface soil in the working of the land, and the soil is also left in a better shape for the rains to permeate it, and for the air and sun and the frost to get into it, and thus disintegrate and make it into a loose, friable soil on which the air and sun can act to liberate and make available the inert plant food. It is a mistake to suppose that our mild winters will not improve the texture and productive capacity of the land. Whilst they do not act so vigorously in this respect as the colder climate of the North, they yet have an excellent effect which should not be lost. In the mild winter weather we have the teams can do a good day's work without injuring them, and at the same time greatly advance the work of the coming year, and even if the land has to be replowed in the spring, this is no disadvantage, as what our land in the South greatly needs is more frequent and pertect working before the crops are planted. Insufficient preparation of the soil is the root of much of the failure to make good paying crops.

See to it that all barns, stables, sheds and pens are thoroughly cleaned out and repaired, especially see that roofs are made good and doors and windows repaired. It is worse than useless to house stock in leaky, draughty buildings which cannot be kept warm and comfortable, it simply means that the animals are going to use the food they eat to keep up the heat of their bodies, and thus to warm the buildings in which they are housed, and feed at present prices is costly fuel to use for this purpose. A few boards, nails and some glass cost much less and are more effective, and the food eaten will then go to make fat, muscle, bone and sinew, or milk and butter, all of which are salable products at good prices.

Also make provision for the storage of the manure where it will not waste, until it can be got onto the land, and the quicker this is done the more effective it will be, and the less the waste. Do not have the manure just thrown outside the building to be rained on and wasted, but have it stored in a pit or under a shed, and be kept

compact, or have it so arranged as that it can be loaded direct into the manure spreader, and be taken at once on to the land.

Why we should rotate crops.

Editor Southern Planter:

I have lor many years insisted that the grain farmer who uses a proper rotation of crops in which the legumes play an important part need never buy an ounce of nitro-.gen in any form. That this is true has been proved in the experience of hundreds of our best farmers. The old idea of a rotation has been that land needs rest. In the Southern cotton belt some farmers, seeing the havoc wrought by the continuous cultivation of cotton on the same land, and depending simply on the use of commercial fertilizers to get the crop, adopted the plan of letting a field lie idle each alternate year to rest it, as they said. But nature will not allow land to rest.for she scatters the seed of grass and weeds,, and the land is as busy at work growing these as in growing anything else. The difference is that the growth of these plants, largely coming from the air, as the growth of all plants does, returned to the soil some organic matter to form humus and thus, to some extent, arrested the loss of nitrogen. If, instead of only weeds and grass, peas or clover had been grown, there would have been an actual gain in nitrogen.

A rotation of crops, instead of taking less plant food from the soil, actually increases the amount of plant food taken by reason of greater crops. In carefully conducted experiments through a long series of years it has been shown that the continuous growing of wheat on a soil used up less of the phosphorus and potash in the soil than a carefully planned rotation of crops for the same period.

But it was shown that in the continuous cultivation the nitrogen content of the soil was greatly reduced, while in the rotation in which clover was used, and the corn crop received stable manure, there was in ten years an actual increase of 30'0 pounds per acre of nitrogen, over and above what the crops had removed, though the phosphoric acid and potash had been considerably reduced.

If, then, we can, through a proper rotation, the use of legume crops, and their feeding to enable us to get manure, not only maintain, but actually increase, the nitrogen in the soil, and only need to apply the phosphoric acid and potash to maintain the fertility of the soil, why should we buy what we do not need to buy, but which we can actually increase our store of, through a good rotation?

The chief value of a rotation of crops comes, then, not from any resting of the soil, but in the increase of the humus or organic decay, which not only furnishes nitrifying material, promotes the activity of the bacteria engaged in this work, but, through its power to retain moisture, and its retaining more carbon dioxide in the soil dissolves the plant food for us, and enables the soil to pass the crops more safely through a long dry spell. All plants must have the food in the soil completely dissolved before they can use it. The decay of organic matter in the soil is one of the most efficient agents in the breaking up and solution of the mineral matters in the soil, through the

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fact that it contains a large proportion of carbon dioxide, which acts as a solvent and prepares food for the plants.

It has also been shown that a soil abounding in humus will contain a larger amount of available phosphoric acid than a soil in which the humus has been burnt up in long continuous cultivation. Hence the great value of a rotation consists in the accumulate j of organic matter in the soil to form humus and to keep up and increase the nitrogen content.

But, as such a course creates a greater demand on the soil for phosphoric acid and potash through the greater activity of the crops, it is easy to see the importance of the use of these in the promotion of the growth of the legume crops, the main reliance for nitrogen and humus-making.

But to get the full value of the legumes in doing this work for us in an economical way, we must use live stock feeding in some form. We can, of course, get all that the legumes will do for us by burying the whole growth in the soil, and thus quite rapidly increase the humus and nitrogen content, but in doing this we lose the feeding value of the crop, which would take from it but a small part of its manurial value, and, therefore, such a course would not be an economical one. The feeding also includes the use of the other roughage on the farm either as feed or bedding, and its return to the soil, and makes the crops, otherwise exhaustive, aid in the increase of the humus-making material. This very fact, in my opinion, makes the shredding of the corn stover a matter of farm economy. A great deal has been said in opposition to shredding corn stover. There may not be a great deal more of it eaten, but what is left is in a far better shape as an absorbent of the liquid manure, and in better shape, too, for the spreading of the manure. Then the shredded material can be stacked outside, while cut stover is hard material to stack and keep. The feeding, then, of the legume crops enables us to use the straw and the corn stover in the best manner, and these going out with the manure will be the means for rapidly increasing the humus-making material, and we will only need to buy phosphates and potash, and, on some soils that abound in potash, only the phosphoric acid, for the very accumulation of organic matter will be an efficient aid in the solution of the insoluble potash. And when this is helped further by an occasional liming, we can save greatly in the purchase of fertilizers.

The decrease in the productive character of soils through the continuous cultivation of one crop is due, therefore, not to the actual exhaustion of food elements, except nitrogen, but to the robbing of the soil of the humus, the great conserver of nitrogen and moisture and solvent materials, and through a good rotation of crops and the use of legumes, we draw more out of the soil in mineral matters and hence greater crops, while actually increasing the store of nitrogen, and can thus avoid the purchase of this costly plant food and for the same amount of money in fertilizers can get larger amounts of the mineral matters needed. It is not, then, resting land that is needed, but making it work harder and more profitably for us. Soil does not get tired, it simply gets poverty stricken and loses the food that sustains the bacteria that are working to give us the nitro-

gen in the organic decay. These are starved out in the continuous cultivation of one crop th rough the exhaustion of the humus—the life of the soil.

W. F. MASSEY.

THE ECONOMICAL USE OF FARM MANURE. Editor Southern Planter:

Statistic^"jell us that the farm manure produced in the United States, if valued at the regular prices paid for commercial fertilizers, would reach the enormous figure of over two thousand million dollars, and that at the same valuation the manure produced annually in New York State alone is worth one hundred million dollars.

Farmers talk about the large amount of fertilizers bought each year, but the paltry four and a half million dollars worth of fertilizers purchased look very insignificant beside the enormous values given for farm manure. Are we taking proper care of this great revenue of our farms?

A report issued a few years ago from the Experiment .Station at Geneva says: "The manure made from farm animals in New York State each year may safely be estimated as having a value of $100,000,000 and probably quite one-third of this amount is lost, as a result of wastefulness in not caring properly for it."

This loss is a great waste of the resources of the State, much more than all the money paid for commercial fertilizers. This loss may occur either by allowing the most expensive ingredients to escape by too great fermentation or fire fanging, or by leaching, in which way the phosphoric acid and potash as well as the nitrogen are lost.

Every farmer should reduce this loss to as small a percentage as possible, and then see that the manure is properly used.

Stable Manure An Unbalanced Fertilizer.

The report quoted above continues: "Where there is in the soil a sufficient amount of available potash and phosphoric acid to balance the excess of nitrogen from the application, then most excellent crops are secured by the exclusive use of stable manure. But it must be evident, under such treatment, the crops each year take from the soil more potash and phosphoric acid than is replaced by the stable manure. Hence, each year the available supply of these constituents in the soil become less, and when they are insufficient to balance the nitrogen applied, then crops become smaller and further exclusive applications of stable manure fail to produce the results once secured. It is therefore easily possible to exhaust a soil by long continued exclusive use of stable manure, and this is just what has occurred on many farms in this State."

The above will be consideed as a strong statement by many farmers, but it is only too true, especially where a man is following improved methods, and grows clover in his rotation. This only makes conditions worse, as it adds to the excess of nitrogen in the manure, and the result is that his crops lodge, and the grain is light and chaffy.

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The Remedy. The remedy is to supply the plants with a balanced food, just the same as you would a dairy cow.

The average farm manure contains ten pounds of nitrogen, ten pounds potash and five pounds phosphoric acid per ton. If we look up the analysis of the most commonly grown crops, we find that a much higher proportion of mineral matter, especially potash, is required. For instance, tobacco, a staple crop in Kfen; York, as well as in other States, requires three times as much potash as it does nitrogen. Potatoes, one of our most important crops, will require about twice as much potash as nitrogen. Other crops have a very similar composition. Practical farmers have found this fact out independent of the stations, though they probably could not tell why or how. This accounts for the great popularity of such fertilizers as 10-10- or 10-8, combinations of phosphoric acid and potash, wherever the farmers have large amounts of manure, and are growing clover in a rotation. The other extreme is seen in trucking district of the vicinity of Norfolk, where they use as high as ten per cent, nitrogen, 10-7-6 or 7-7-7 being popular.

On Long Island, N. Y., where they grow very little clover, and have no manure except what they buy, the farmers find that it pays to use a fairly high percentage of nitrogen, five per cent, nitrogen, eight per cent, potash, and eight per cent, phosphoric acid being a favorite fertilizer, which is very different from the two per cent, nitrogen, ten per cent, potash, and eight per cent, phosphoric acid, or ten per cent, phosphoric acid, and eight per cent, potash of the northern part of the State, where they have both manure and clover.

Nitrogen is necessary for all plant growth, but as the strength of a chain is only that of its weakest link, so the strength of a fertilizer is only that of the lowest constituent. No matter how much expensive nitrogen you may have in your ground, it does no good, and is often harmful, unless it is balanced by a sufficient amount of potash and phosphoric acid.

How Much Should We Use?

This is a matter of individual judgment, but many farms are obtaining good results with from 300 to 1,000 pounds of a ten per cent, phosphoric acid, and eight per cent, potash goods per acre, according to the amount of manure used, and the crop grown. The report already quoted gives the following advice on this point:

"In order to use our farm manure to the best advantage of the average soil, as found at present in the State, we need to supplement it with commercial fertilizer containing available phosphoric acid and potash. To give a roughly approximate idea, we might say that for every ton of stable manure applied, it would be well to use with it from fifty to 100 pounds of acid phosphate, and from twenty-five to fifty pounds of muriate or sulphate of potash."

On another page this method of mixing is advised: Scatter about one pound of a mixture of land plaster, acid phosphate and Kainit in the stable daily for each cow. This will not only add plant food, but act as a preservative and prevent waste of fertilizing elements.

If the farmer thinks that this is too much trouble, the

already mixed 10-8 fertilizer will give good results. Some farmers who say there is nothing like "the good old barn manure" may not agree with the above, but in any case it is an experiment which can be very easily tried. Take two acres of land and manure them exactly the same. Then apply to the one fertilizer as suggested, carefully noting the results, the value of increase of grain and straw, and the cost of the fertilizer, and then balance the profit and loss account.

G. FRED. MARSH. Ithaca, N. Y.

THE PEANUT AND ITS RELATION TO AMERICAN INDUSTRIES.

Prof. Corbett of the Bureau of Plant Industry, sends us the following information which we commend to the attention of the peanut growers. There is room for more peanuts and the building up of a new industry in handling the crop in the South.

Consul-General Robert P. Skinner, writing from Marseilles, discusses the peanut trade at that French port with reference to the edible oil industry.

It is a popular error to suppose that the United States is in a position to supply peanuts, or arachides, as they are called in this country, for the Marseilles crushing trade. The demand for the roasted nut is so great In America that after consuming its own crop, the United States imported $2,967 worth of African nuts from Marseilles in 1906 and $73,631 worth in 1907.

As to peanut oil, the declared value of such oil exported from Marseilles to the United States in 1907 was $17,006; in 190S, $14,526, and in 1905, $12,695. The total importation of peanuts in Marseilles has varied thus during the last three years:

Description. 1907.

Tons.

Arachide kernels 113,219

Arachides in shell 123,304

Total 236,523 189,835 152,680

For a great many years Marseilles has been the chief oil-producing center of the world, and its favorable situation with respect to Africa and India has made it possible to find a ready market here for all oil-yielding materials from the regions named. To what extent the developing of the West African coast will be able to increase its exportations is speculative, but there is every reason to anticipate a gradual upward movement in figures already great, since in a total importation of 2313,523 tons in 1907, the West Coast provided 119,242 tons, and these chiefly of the most highly reputed grades. Comparative Nut Prices—Oil Yields. The prices of the African nuts in the shell were $55.90 per ton on May 8th, and were about that throughout 1907. I In 1904 the average prices were about $44.39 per ton. Prices have been generally upward for some years, in sympathy with the world-wide demand for edible greases and oils of all descriptions. These are the facts as they stand, and it remains to be ascertained whether the American farmer can profitably increase his crop of peanuts to such an extent as to permit the creation in the

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United States of an oil-crushing industry for the manufactured product of which the demand is not open to question. This is a matter for the South to determine, and in the writer's opinion the answer should be affirmative. There is no great difference in the manner of manufacturing peanut and cotton oil. As numerous mills already exist in the South for crushing cotton seed, it would require no special industrial organization to take up a large crop of peanuts if the farmers found it advantageous to raise them.

It should be borne in mind that the African oil nut crushed in Marseilles is not the same variety as that grown in the United States; while the African nut is less delicate as a food product, it yields more generously in oil, and is said to be more easily crushed. Tests have been made with American nuts, both in the United States and in France, and the results as to yield in oil have always demonstrated the supremacy of the African nut. Developing Nuts for Oil—Current Prices.

The probabilities are that with a little scientific attention it would be quite easy to develop an American peanut yielding well in oil, and possessing the excellent taste of the present types. A nut must be developed that will give thirty-two to thirty-three per cent, of its own weight in oil.

It is true that African peanuts yield a very high grade oil, but not equal to pure olive oil (which remains and probably will remain, the highest priced and most perfect of all salad oils). However, peanut oil is a very acceptable substitute for olive oil, and susceptible of being sold on its own merits as a superior article.

The best or edible grades of Marseilles peanut oil always command higher prices than any other oils except olive, and were quoted on May 8th at $17.37 to $19.30 per 220 pounds (100 kilos), while the best American prime summer yellow cotton oil was quoted at $12.93 per 220 pounds. These figures give the present measure of popular appreciation of the relative qualities of the two oils. Both peanut and cotton oils are sold straight, and are also used for mixing purposes.

RESTORING FERTILITY IN THE OLD FIELDS.

Editor Southern Planter:

L. B., Barhamsville, Va., writes that he had an old pasture field on which the young pines had started. He turned all under and planted corn this year, but owing to the thinness of the soil and lack of proper cultivation in the wet season, the crop is light. "I am harvesting this corn with a McCormick harvester, and would like to put something on the land this fall that would be of some profit for another year. Will you kindly advise what to do with this field this fall, or would it be better to wait till spring. I could begin to plow it about the first of October. I have dropped the Practical Farmer since you quit editing it, and have often wondered why you quit it. I am free to say that there is not another editor or writer your equal in agricultural matters in the world. There is more in your farm letters than in any I ever read anywhere at any time. I believe you have done more for the Southern farmer than any score of writers put together."

As time was important, I have given our friend a personal reply, but write this to say that his case is by no means an uncommon one in Virginia, where so many old sedge fields are starting in pines, because in the scratch plowing of the past they were exhausted of the available plant food in reach of the little plow, while just under its scratch there is a soil that will respond freely to the man who has the nerve to ride a big sulky plow and turn it up. Our correspondent had a poor crop of corn on land of this character, but it is very probable that if he had turned it deeply last fall, and had given it a dressing of acid phosphate and a little potash, and had then sown crimson clover with some rye, he would have had a good growth to have turned in the spring, and could then have made a good crop of corn this summer instead of a poor one, and could then have done as farmers all around here are doing, sow crimson clover again among the corn, and would have had another humus-making crop to turn for corn again, and by that time would have had the land in condition to make a good crop of winter oats after the corn, for the two crops of •clover would have restored a very conciderable amount of organic matter to the soil, the very thing that it most lacks. Then, after the oats he could have gotten a good crop of pea hay to feed and make manure to return to the land, and after the peas could have gotten a good crop of wheat, and on neither the oats nor the wheat would have had any need for any fertilizer, but acid phosphate, and perhaps potash. Then with peas after the wheat and crimson clover on the pea stubble, and this clover covered with the manure made from the feeding of the pea hay and other roughage, he could make a big corn crop, and then repeat the rotation, getting constantly increased crops and adding humus to his soil. It is rather cheeky for me to print the complimentary things he writes about my work, but it is one of the most pleasant things in my life to hear continually friom farmers that they have profited by what I have written.

I have advised our friend that though it is rather late to sow crimson clover in October, (but I have had a good stand in North Carolina sown November 1st), I would still sow the clover with a bushel of rye, adding 300 pounds per acre of acid phosphate, and plow the ground deeply, and then start with corn on the turned under crop of clover and rye, or with the rye alone, if the clover should fail. Then, if he will treat that field as I have suggested, he will find that it will ere long be restored to its pristine fertility. It has become thin through the robbing it of the humus, and in all our efforts to improve the soil we must continually have in view the restoration of the humus, the life of the soil, for this is the main lack of all the old fields of Virginia, and its restoration means the getting back to the original virgin conditions, the accumulation of nitrogen while abandoning its purchase in a fertilizer, and the getting of greater crops by keeping the land at work making its own improvement. Add the humus to the land by growing legumes and feeding them, and returning the manure, and we will soon have cattle and sheep on our thousand hills, our "barns will be filled with plenty, and our presses will burst with the new wine." Keep up the mineral

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elements in your soil, grow legumes in a good rotation, and they will take care of the nitrogen, and your fertilizer hill will he smaller.

One thing I found in New Kent, when there at a Farmers' Institute: This is a prejudice against Northern men coming in and buying land there. I do not know that the better class of farmers have any such prejudice, but I have heard that there is a ruffian element there that makes it disagreeable for strangers to settle in the county. You should welcome good farmers from any section of the country to build up the waste places. We need thousands of them all over Virginia, no matter from what section they come, and the coming of good farmers will increase the value of every acre in the county where land is now too low in price, and where it is naturally adapted to high improvement.

W. F. MASSEY.

CORN CULTIVATION.

Editor Southern Planter:

At no period in my farming life have I seen our farmers so eager to obtain practical information concerning their vocation and methods that will insure them better crops and increase the fertility of their soils at the same time. The demand for literature from our experiment stations is great, and the editors of farm journals, I doubt not, could attest to this being a fact. I note one omission by our practical farmers that should be remedied, viz.: As a class they rarely give their own experiences as to tried methods and results through the press. Now, this is a grievous omission, for different localities represent different conditions and methods that are applicable in one section do not apply to all sections. In this immediate section we have a number of new settlers located who came from the North and West. Many of them are enterprising and good neighbors—good citizens—and we welcome them in our midst, and desire to see them prosper and become permanent citizens. Now, these people follow directions almost to the letter from our experiment stations, as to the cultivation of corn, and we have farmers who will produce more corn per acre than they will produce. They prepare their land thoroughly (much better than some of we acclimated ones) and then they follow the level shallow cultivation plan. Now, in this section—Southeastern Virginia—corn should be harrowed shallow when it comes up. Then the next two plowings should be done with the cotton plow at least five inches deep, and running close enough to tear off the roots on one side, and in eight days serve the other side the same way. The fourth and last plowing should be done with the same cotton plow, with longer sweeps, and the siding shallowed, but the middles split at least four inches deep. With this treatment you have a mulch from one middle to the next for the roots to feed in and no weeds. Our lands in many cases are not well drained, and this along with excessive rains holds the water in the middle of the rows, or should you have a drought the moisture rises much better than it could from a shallow level plant bed. Now, I know that some will take issue with me, and I do not claim this to be the best plan for all sections, but shallow level cultivation for this section is and has proven a dismal failure,

not only with the corn, but the cotton and peanut crops as well. Subsoiling properly done is all right, but on our stiff clay soils it will not do to turn the clay up in the spring of the year, and seed your crops before this new clay soil is thoroughly mixed with the other soil. When possible all land should be fallowed and fallowed deep in the autumn months, thus giving the new soil you bring to the surface the advantage of the winter freezes and snows, and then by harrowing with a disc, you have the soils thoroughly mixed, and a good seed bed. I believe that seed should be planted below the surface, but at the "laying by" corn, cotton and peanuts should be left upon a ridge to obtain the best results. This has been my experience and observation in this section.

C. P. GRIZZARD. Southampton Co., Va.

Whilst we willingly publish this article we most strongly dissent from the advice given to "tear off" the roots of the corn crop in cultivating it in order to make a successful crop. The less the roots are disturbed after they have commenced to grow the more feed they can secure from the soil, and the greater the growth of the crop, and the more likely it is to make a profitable yield. It is contrary to all sound scientific principles to disturb the roots, and the retention of moisture, and its supply to the plant from the deeper soil is best secured by not disturbing the soil any deeper than just sufficient to keep a mulch of loose soil on the surface. This prevents evaporation, and does not destroy the capililarity of the soil on which the ascent of moisture depends. To lay a crop by on a ridge is simply to expose more than twice as much surface of the soil to the direct action of the sun, and thus to rob it of the needed moisture much more quickly. These principles apply to all soils everywhere. The soil should be deeply broken and finely worked before the crop is planted, and then only the surface be kept loose.—Ed.

COMMENTS ON OCTOBER ISSUE.

Editor Southern Planter:

Those who think Virginia soils worn out should study the address of Dr. Stubbs. He gives no stories of wonderful crops, but of steady improvement under good culture. But note especially that he does not depend on complete fertilizer mixtures, but uses just what a study of his soil has shown that it needs. Then he makes manure, and wherever you find a farmer feeding cattle with legume forage, and covering his corn field with manure, you find a farm on the up grade. But go among the multitude who are blindly buying 200 pounds per acre of. 2-8-2 fertilizer, neglecting stock, growing no peas or clover, and you will find a man who complains that his land is poor, and farming does not pay. Good farming does pay, soil robbing does not. Dr. Stubbs found from careful study that his soil was especially deficient in potash. He kney that he could get the nitrogen by the growing and feeding of legumes. Hence he wisely buys only what he needs to buy.

In Eastern North Carolina many observant farmers declare that they get no increase from the use of phosphoric acid, while in their sandy soils potash is needed. Then

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why should they buy what gives them no returns? And yet in that same section there are hundreds buying the low grade 2-8-2 fertilizer, when a crop of peas, with a larger application of potash would give them far more nitrogen than the 2-8-2 fertilizer furnishes, and they would not have to pay the freight and sacking of 500 pounds of sand in the low grade fertilizer.

In the rotation experiments at the Minnesota Station no commercial fertilizers were used, but the humus-making manure was returned to the soil, and after ten years of the rotation, notwithstanding the larger crops that were produced, and the greater drain on the mineral resources of the soil, and the large amounts of nitrogen carried off, there was an actual increase of the soil nitrogen to the extent of 300 pounds per acre.

Dr. Stubbs buys no nitrogen, and yet his land has greatly increased in productiveness, and doubtless has more nitrogen to-day than when he started, because he has used legumes, and has returned humus-making manure to the land. And yet all over Virginia and elsewhere farmers are wading at the bottom of a sea of nitrogen, waiting for them to use it, while they spend their hard earned dollars in buying forty pounds of ammonia in a ton, when they could get far more free if they went into real farming. Hence I would say again, that the address of Dr. Stubbs is well worth the study of every farmer.

That picture of Dr. Knapp and his workers on page 873 shows a group of men who look as though they meant business. One of them at least, Mr. Sandy, has made one of the best demonstrations in Virginia, on his own farm. I traveled at the North Carolina institutes the past summer with another of the group, Mr. C. R. Hudson, and was impressed with the downright common sense in his lectures to the farmers. If these demonstrations will but lead the farmers on whose land they are being made, to apply the ideas obtained to their whole farms there will be a great work accomplished, for Mr. Hudson has hundreds of farms under his care in North Carolina alone. Hence, I bid Dr. Knapp "Godspeed" in his great effort.

With men like Mr. Jack taking hold of the alfalfa problem so vigorously, we will probably have the solution after a while. But the behavior of alfalfa under very different conditions is so fickle that it seems to be a special problem in each section, and each section must work it out for itself. I am hoping to learn more about its needs in more than one locality.

I have not seen the premium list of the Virginia Horticultural Society, but I can commend to the attention of horticultural societies elsewhere the list issued by the Maryland Horticultural Society. Most of the horticultural societies should be called fruit growers' societic for they seem to devote all their attention to the orchards. But the Maryland Horticultural Society is properly named, for it takes in the whole of horticulture, and at its annual meetings there is a grand display of all the products of the orchards, truck gardens, flower gardens,

nurseries and greenhouses, and no one section of horticultural work is allowed to absorb the entire attention of the Society.

In this way the Society draws into its association not only the orchardists, but the market gardeners and private gardeners, and the florists and nurserymen.

One of the largest premiums for the meeting in November and December next is for the finest collection of ornamental evergreens. The list of premiums for fruits, nuts, vegetables, cut flowers and potted plants is a very extensive and liberal one. .

Why cannot the Virginia Society thus extend its scope? At present it is mainly a fruit-growers' society, hut it would seem that in a State with such varied horticultural interests as Virginia, the Society could be made much stronger in number if it drew in the men who are engaged in other lines of horticultural work, and could thus add greatly to its annual exhibitions, and enlarge its usefulness to the whole State.

There is an old saying that "too many cooks spoil the broth." I would commend this to the attention of those managing the Test Farm. It seems to me that a State farm, under a thoroughly comeptent manager, could be made a model farm to illustrate profitable and economical farming, but it it will take a rare man to make a success with too many bosses.

I saw recently the most curious ice house I have ever noticed. It is on the splendid farm of Charles E. Clat at Berryville, in Clark county, Va. Mr. Clapp said that he had read somewhere that a man kept ice in an open pen covered with sawdust. He tried the plan, and built a large pen, simply by lining posts with rough lumber, with no roof at all. This pen is about twenty feet square. It was only partly filled with ice last winter, and drainage of broken rocks placed on the bottom. Sawdust was placed around the mass of ice next the sides, and the top covered with the same. The ice was used by the tenant families on the farm, and kept till August, and it was thought that a full supply would have been had till cold weather had the pen been entirely filled. This is the cheapest ice house I have ever seen, and would seem to be effective. W. F. MASSEY.

We commend the remarks of Prof. Massey on the State Horticultural Society to the attention of the members of that Society. There is a great field of usefulness that could be well filled by the Society in so enlarging the scope of its operations as to take in other lines of horticultural work than fruit growing. Trucking, forestry, flowers, landscape and ornamental gardening ought all to have the attention of the Society. In addressing the members of the Society at their annual meeting in this city two years ago we ventured to press these other lines of work upon the attention of the Society, and regret to see that they have not yet received attention. At the State Fair, just closed, the Society had a fine exhibit. If this had been supplemented by a grand show of flowers and ornamental foliage plants a great lesson could have been taught the thousands who visited the fair.—Ed.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

WANTED A GOOD PLOW TO PLOW DOWN GREEN CROPS.

Editor Southern Planter:

I am an ardent reader of your valuable paper, and knowing no better source of information, I come to you with the following inquiry, and hope you can help me out of my troubles. In trying to follow your teachings in regard to soil culture and improvement I find myself badly in need of better means for turning under green crops for manure. Heretofore I have been using the ordinary drag, or slide plow, such as the Oliver Chilled or Syracuse, but when it comes to turning under a rank growth of crimson clover or cowpeas with these, it is next to an impossibility. Not only do I find it hard to get them .turned under properly, but it is a very slow and laborious job, both to the team and the man behind the plow. Another great trouble I experience is not being able to plow deeply with the above-mentioned plows in land covered with a heavy crop of legumes or othei growth. The plow will choke up in spite of everything. About every ten steps the team has to be stopped, and the plow unchoked before it can be got into the ground at all; another ten steps and the same thing is experienced again. This takes time and a great deal of worry, to say nothing of the extra labor.

I have been using a log chain on the plow in the vain attempt to drag down the green crop, and so get it under and get the plow through it without choking and stopping and —! Really, it is a good deal like plowing new ground.

This has been my experience. Now for the questions. But first let me state that my land is hilly; some of it cannot be turned uphill, consequently I have to slide back or use a hillside plow. Now, what I wish to know is this: Can I use a reversible disc plow to advantage? No one in my neighborhood knows anything about disc plows, not even the agent who wishes to sell them. I want a plow that will turn under a crop of clover or cow peas, that will break the ground deeply, that will not choke, that can be kept in the ground all the time without killing the plowman.

I have actually seen farmers burning up trash of various sorts for the reason, as they said: "We cannot get it turned under, and cannot get the crops planted with it on top;" while the land was simply starving for want of humus, the very thing they were burning.

A great deal is claimed for the disc plow by the manufacturers, and a great deal is said against it. So I am anxious to know whether one would be a profitable investment for one or not. The manufacturers usually say they are not a good sod plow, but for plowing in trashy land, or turning under green crops they are just the thing. What is the difficulty with them in sod? In your opinion, and according to your experience, which company makes the best plow? Would you prefer a sulky plow to a disc; if so, why?

Please allow room for this in the columns of your valuable paper, together with your advice to me about this plow problem, as it may be there are others in the same kind of trouble, and are needing some help. I should be glad to hear through the Planter, from any subscriber who has had experience with the disc plow.

I am trying to improve my land, and at the same time grow profitable crops. To do this one must work along scientific principles. Some definite rules must be followed: First, be a subscriber to a first-class farm journal, and follow its teachings with eyes open; second, grow legumes, and give the ground all you can from them; third, use a good plow in doing so. This brings me back to the subject, a good plow. Where is it? Who has it? What is its name.

E. M. BAILEY.

Giles Co., Va.

We have had reports of excellent work done by the disc plow, but have never used one, and therefore, cannot give a personal opinion. We are strongly in favor of the disc principle, as it commends itself to us on scientific grounds. The disc principle is practically the only new innovation in the plow since land # was first broken for the planting of crops. The first plow of which we have any knowledge was upon the same principle as the ordinary plow now in use. It was simply the application of the wedge to burst open the land, and this is still its form, modified, of course, by the application of some scientific knowledge on the best form of the wedge. The disc applies the cutting principle with a rolling instead of a sliding motion, and ought, therefore, to be easier of draft and more accurate in its action. It still requires some modification to make it work well on sod land. In fallow land, and to bury trash and green crops it works well when properly hitched and adjusted, and this is the point where so many fail in using it successfully. It requires the exercise of patience and skill to adjust it properly to different conditions of the soil. The John Deere Co. and the Chattanooga Plow Co both make a good disc plow. The difficulty in burying a heavy green crop can usually be overcome by rolling it down, and then cutting it with a disc harrow before plowing.—Ed.

THE ONION PEST.

Editor Southern Planter;

I have just read whare a pupil of Prof. Massey has found out how to destroy wild onions. I am glad to hear it. If you will give me a little space I will give you my experience on a small lot that had a good stand of onions. I plowed that land not less than six inches deep, then harrowed it well; put in early corn, then late potatoes; got them off and sowed in crimson clover. Did this for three years. The spring of the third year I had a beautiful crop of wild onions with the clover. Let me say, the corn crop and potato crop was well hoed each year. After breaking the land in the spring double, the rest of the plowing was done single. Did not use any farm manure, but commercial fertilizer each time. Now, after that same treatment and cultivation those onions got close to me, and I decided they must have either come from China or h—1. I did not know which. I acknowledge they whipped me.

L. H. CARLTON.

King and Queen Co., Va.

GRASS GROWING AND IMPROVING LAND.

Editor Southern Planter; Mr. L. H. Carlton's criticism (in the September issue

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969

of the Southern Planter) of Mr. T. O. Sandy's method of grass growing seems to me to be unjust, to say the least, especially as he admits he has never plowed over six inches deep; nor has he ever sowed more than nine quarts of seed per acre. How does he know that plowing the land from seven to nine inches deep and subsoiling from eight to ten more, as Mr. Sandy advises, will not give better results than his six-inch scratch followed with nine quarts of seed per acre. Why does he not give us figures to prove his contention, and let us know what his yield is per acre? All readers of the Southern Planter know the method advocated by Mr. Sandy was the rule followed by the late Mr. Clark, an authority on grass growing.

Mr. Sandy and his associates are doing a good work, and should be encouraged. Evidence of better farming is seen in neighborhoods they have visited. I agree with the gentleman fully in his tribute of praise to the Southern Planter, and add that if we who are readers of your paper had followed the advice given us this work would have been commenced years ago.

R. D. ALLNUTT. Powhatan Co., Va. #

I have just read Mr. Allnutt's criticism. He thinks I have done Mr. Sandy an injustice; if so, none was intended. I do not see why I cannot advocate nine quarts of grass seed (seven of timothy and two of fancy herds grass) to the acre, as well as Mr. Sandy can twenty-five quarts. I know nine quarts will be nearer right, nineteen times out of twenty. Mr. Sandy says plow seven to nine inches deep, subsoil eight to ten. Now, you know very few farmers can do that; they have not the team or tools, and then twenty-five quarts of seed would keep lots of farmers from venturing who have never raised grass. He might as well say that to leave three or four stalks of corn to the hill will make more corn. You will, if your land is rich enough, but one

will take, and follow the instructions in the Southern Planter. Of course, it takes cents and sense to do it, but easy after that. I do not see how any farmer can keep from subscribing after he has read one copy, and when he can get it for the price of five good drinks, it is worth a hundred of them. I will now close with kind feelings and best wishes for Mr. Allnutt, but will say the next time he shoots, to get a bigger targer, as he missed this one badly.

L. H. CARLTON. King and Queen Co. Va.

PROTECTING AND PRUNING FRUIT TREES.

It is an easy matter to lose trees from the attacks of rabbits, mice, and other rodents. There are a great many remedies for curing trees that have been girdled, but "an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." The danger of girdling is not so great as it is supposed to be, for the rodents attack only young trees. When a free becomes old enough to have a hard bark, or a bark that is ridged and seamed, the rodents will not attack it. Food, in order to satisfy them, must be young and tender. Apple trees of more than two inches in 'diameter are not likely to suffer.

Trees are attacked by mice when the fields are covered with snow. The mice, deprived of other food, seek out a tree that has tender bark and will eat as far above the snow as they can reach and as far below as they can dig easily. As the snow settles it gives the mice a chance to eat the bark still further down, and it sometimes happens that a tree has its bark so badly eaten that it is impossible to save it.

The best possible protection I have found to be a screen made of a few laths between which wire has been woven in and out. The laths should be so small a distance apart

that the mice cannot get through. These screens can be stalk is the better average. I have seen corn on land J made in the house and quickly adjusted to the trees.

Pick away the snow or frozen soil from about the tree

where one stalk was too much to the acre. Now about plowing that land seven to eight inches deep, etc. Mr. Allnutt speaks of my six-inch scratch. If he will take a rule, he will find my six-inch scratch equal to a great many eight inches. I always plow as deep as consistent, and have no special rule. I always try to go deeper every time. He wants me to give figures to prove what I say. I have never taken the trouble to do that; was always satisfied with my crop. But I did bale (I always bale my hay) and weighed once, and I got three tons to the acre. I expect very often I get two and less. I am no braggart, but I generally "get there all the same." It would take too long to tell what I have done and can do. I do not expect my horses to do full work on half rations, nor do I expect my land to do full work on half feed. I generally make a little hay, and without 2,000 pounds of lime, or 500 pounds of bone, and then cover the land with manure, etc., for the simple reason I cannot. If any one should undertake to tell me how to improve poor land, or raise hay, he would remind me of an old coon dog barking up the wrong tree. Do not infer from this that I know it all. The fact is, I know but little, but what I do know, I know well, and I still say I do not see the need of a farm demonstration, if a farmer

so that the laths rest on the ground. This will keep the mice from getting under the screen. How to Prune.

Pruning so as to maintain a balance between fruit production and wood growth is of Vital importance. If the soil is very fertile or especially rich in nitrogen, the wood producing functions tend to crowd out the fruit producing functions; or, if the soil is poor, fruit production is encouraged at the expense of wood production, and the vitality of the tree is affected. This may result in premature death.

Prune regularly and lightly every year when growth is dormant, at any time between the fall of the year and the bursting of the buds, although this work is usually best done in the early spring—February or March—just before the sap rises. When pruning bearing trees cut out all the dead wood, and if the top branches are thickly interlaced and form a dense mass thoough which the sun cannot penetrate, thin out carefully. When pruning a tree set out last spring, thin out all the weak shoots, leaving several of the strongest, which must be headed back about a third,—Garden Magazine.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

As the various crops in the garden and truck patch are cleared off rake up and burn all the trash and weeds. Whilst all this trash, if plowed down, will add humus to the soil, yet, as insect eggs and pupa and fungoid spores are largely deposited on the weeds and trash, and as these are so largely injurious to all garden crops, it is safer to burn up the same and thus make sure of the destruction of the pests and rely upon sowing crops of crimson clover and the vetches to supply the needed humus. Whilst it is late now to sow crimson clover, yet, on rich garden and truck patches in a fine state of cultivation, the seed may yet be sown with a reasonable prospect of making a good growth. The vetches may yet be sown in these patches. We would in all cases sow some grain, a mixture of wheat, oats and rye, with the clover and vetches, as these will grow and stand the winter and protect the clover and vetches and add to the vegetable matter. Before seeding this mixture, give a dressing of lime at the rate of one ton to the acre. All garden soils have a tendency to become sour from the large quantities of green matter usually plowed down and the lime corrects this and hastens the decomposition of the vegetable matter besides improving the mechanical condition of the soil.

Potato onion sets may yet be planted. Make the ground rich and set in rows wide enough apart to admit of cultivation, and put the sets about four inches apart in the rows. The Potato onion makes the earliest green onions for the market and bulbs ready for shipping before those raised from seed sown in the spring, but they do not keep well.

Cabbages may be set out for the spring crop in all the eastern and middle sections of the South Atlantic Coast States. Use the mineral fertilizers (acid phosphate and potash) liberally in preparing the land, but be sparing of nitrogenous fertilizers, as these have a tendency to force growth which makes the plants tender and hence liable to suffer from severe winter weather. Lay off the rows east and west and plant on the south side so that they will be protected somewhat Txorn the cold north and west winds. We observe that that our friend, Professor Massey, differs from us in this matter, he advising the setting on the north side in the Southern States, as he thinks more harm is likely to be done by the sun causing too early growth and then a cold snap coming on and killing the plants. There may be force in this conten-ten, however, our experience has been that plants set on the south side have usually done well. Try both ways and note the difference for future guidance.

Celery should now be earthed up to blanch it. Take a long, soft cord and fasten to a stake at the end of the row of plants, then gather up the stalks of the first plant and hold in a compact bunch and give the cord a turn around the plant and then proceed to the next plant

and so to the end of the row. Then bank the soil closely around the plants on each side right up to the leaves, not making the sides too steep or the soil will settle from the plants. Then untwist the cord from the plants and go to the next row. Later in the year, before severe frost sets in, cover the plants with straw or leaves and put on some brush or corn stalks to keep the straw or leaves in place. Protected in this way, the crop may be dug from the rows as wanted after it is fully blanched.

Strawberries may be set out all through this month. Set just deep enough not to cover the crowns and make the soil firm around the roots so that they will not be heaved out by the frost. Use phosphate and potash liberally in preparing the land, say 500 or 600 pounds of phosphate and 300' or 400 pounds of muriate oi potash to the acre. A good dressing of farm yard manure free from weed seeds should also be applied. Apply nitrogenous fertilizers in the spring. Set in rows two feet six inches or three feet apart so as to admit of cultivation and set the plants twelve to fifteen inches apart in the rows.

Asparagus 'beds should be cleaned off and the old stalks and weeds be burnt and the bed be then worked down with the cultivator and a heavy dressing of farm yard manure be applied to which acid phosphate and potash may be added with advantage.

In the small fruit garden the pruning of the bushes and canes should have attention and the land be cleared of weeds and trash and be broken and acid phosphate and potash may be applied and be worked in and a dressing of farm yard manure be laid on the surface. Cut out all the old raspberry canes and thin the new canes and stake and tie up. Blackberry and dewberry canes should be shortened back and old wood be removed.

SOME INSECTS AND DISEASES LIABLE TO BE DISTRIBUTED ON NURSERY STOCK.

Editor Southern Planter:

The fact that San Jose scale had gained entrance to the orchards of this State was largely responsible for the law approved March 5, 1896, looking towards the prevention of the spread of seriously injurious insect pests and plant diseases. Since that date, the work in regard to these pests has progressed steadily, unti'i. at the present time, the list of dangerously injurious pests includes four species of insects and six plant diseases as stated below:

Insects: San Jose scale (Aspidiotus perniciosus); Wooly Aphis (Schizoneura lanigera), in nurseries only; Maple scale (Chrysomphalus tenegricosus), in nurseries only; Strawberry-root louse (Aphis forbesi), in nurseries only. Fungi: Crown Gall, In nurseries only; Peach yellows, Peach rosette, Little peach, Black knot of plum and cherry (Plowrightia morbosa); Fire blight of pear and apple (Microcosus amylovorus), in nurseries only.

These troubles vary widely as to methods adopted for

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971

their control, etc. Space will not permit of more than a general discussion of this question here. Those who wish more detailed information are referred to the publications of the Crop Pest Commission, which may he obtained by addressing the State Entomologist, Blacksburg, Va.

There are other insects, such as the gypsy moth, prevalent in parts of the country, in regard to which a circular is being prepared. The national government is now spending a quarter of a million dollars annually to suppress this pest, and is being aided by the respective States in which it is found. The purpose of this article is, however, to call special attention to a few of the troubles in regard to which the orchardist must be constantly on the alert.

Crown Gall—This disease has been troublesome on apples mainly in this State. What is termed hairy-root by some

FIG. l.

writers and crown gall will both be referred to here as crown gall. This disease varies in appearance far more than is indicated by Fig. 1. It varies from a hairy root appearance to a smoth knot. A healthy apple root is shown in Fig. 2.

All apple trees showing this crown gall appearance, should be rejected. They may grow off very well, but almost invariably die outright at the age of from five to fifteen years, just when they should come into profitable bearing. Fig. 3 shows a tree dying from the effects of crown gall. We often find trees affected in this way. An orchard of about 500 apple trees, examined recently, contained forty to sixty per cent, of trees affected in this way. The roots had rotted off to such an extent that two men could readily twist them out of the ground.

The first cost of an apple tree is so slight compared to the cost of planting, care to bearing age, and the use of the land for that period, that every effort should be made to see that only healthy trees are planted. There is no economy in planting diseased trees because they are cheap.

Peach Yellows—This is another serious disease that may be distributed on nursery stock. It has been proven that peach pits and buds taken from trees diseased with yellows will transmit the disease to trees grown from them.

FIG. 2.

This is true in many cases, even though taken from the apparently healthy portions of such trees.

We are urging our nurserymen to buy pits guaranteed to be from healthy trees (under certificate of inspection), and to use buds from healthy trees only. These precau-

FIG. 3.

FIG. 4.

tions, coupled with careful inspection of orchards in the immediate vicinity of nurseries and destruction of di-

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

seased trees at such points, should aid largely in preventing the spread of the disease.

A tree one year planted, affected by this disease, is shown in Fig. 4. Sometimes, however, they * will not show it up in a characteristic manner until much later. This is especially true of trees in the nursery. While, as mentioned above, we are urging nurserymen to take precautions to keep the disease out of their nurseries, it is important for us, as well as the nurseryman, to know when diseased stock is being sent out, so as to be able to take steps to stop it, and we hope planters will promptly call to our attention any case where the disease is observed, especially in orchards of from one to four years of age.

J. L. PHILLIPS, State Entomologist. Crop Pest Commission, Blacksburg, Va.

PREMIUMS AWARDED ON FRUIT EXHIBIT AT THE STATE FAIR.

Sixty-five varieties of apples were placed on exhibition by George E. Murrell, of Fontella, Bedford county. He was awarded the first premium of §100 for the best display of fruits east of the Blue Ridge.

The Albemarle Orchard Company, Charlottesville, Va., was awarded the second premium of $50, having had over fifty varieties on exhibition (mostly apples), exclusive of individual plates.

Mrs. E. A. Watson, of Nimrod Hall, Bath county, was awarded the second premium of $50 for the largest county exhibit of fruit from the division west of the Blue Ridge. The fruit was all collected in Augusta county.

Premiums on fruit were awarded on individual plates (not embraced in collection), as follows:

George E. Murrell, Fontella, Va., first premium on each of the following varieties of apples: Roxbury Russet, Golden Russet, Cannon, Lenover, Hoover, Bonum and Missouri Pippin; also a second premium on each of the following: Bellflower, Paradise, Wood's Favorite and Rebel. On Bartlet and Seckle pears a second premium was awarded him on each.

The Albemarle Orchard Company, Charlottesville, Va., drew first premiums on each of the following apples: Stayman, Winesap and Shockley, and second premium on York Imperial, Limber Twig and Jonathan. The same company was awarded first premium for Keiffer pears, and second premium for Japan pears.

Dr. McCue, of Greenwood, Va., was awarded first premium for Albemarle Pippin, and also for Winesap apples.

Dr. Lapsley, of Ashland, Va., was awarded first premium for Fall Cheese and Mammoth Black Twig apples, and second premium for Grime's Golden, and Northern Spy apples. The fruit was grown in his orchard at Afton, in Albemarle county.

Hood & Williams, of Greenwood, received first premium for Pilot apples, and second premium for Lady, Winesap and Mammoth Black Twig.

Mr. Sproul, of Augusta county, was awarded first premiums for Ben Davis and Rome Beauty apples.

Judge Hasley received first premium for York Imperial apples—magnificent specimens.

C. J. Wayland was given first premium for Rebel apples.

Dr. Parson, of Nelson county, drew first for Lady and Northern Spy apples, and second for Albemarle Pippins.

James Dickie, of Massie's Mills (Nelson county), was given first premium for his fine Grimes's Golden apples, and second premiums for Pennock and Pumpkin Sweet varieties. Miss Dickie was awarded first premium for her Lady Fingers. Miss Dickie aided greatly in getting up fruit displays from her section.

M. L. Hatcher & Son were awarded second premium for Pilot apples.

Walter Whately, of Albemarle county, drew first premium for the Whately Seedling apple (a promising new variety), and second premium for the Fall Cheese apple.

Mr. Grouse, of Henrico county, near Richmond, was a large exhibitor of apples, and was awarded firsts for Black Ben Davis and Ingram, and second for Champion, Rome Beauty, Virginia Beauty, Stayman, Missouri Pippin, Ben Davis and Commerce varieties.

Coleman Brothers, of the Mountain Top Orchard, oh the Alleghany mountains, near Covington, Va., had a, wonderful display of peaches for this time of the year. They received first premium for a plate of beautiful Chair's Choice peaches, and second premium (no competition) for Ewalt, Heath Cling. Albrights 'Winter and Bilyeu's Late. They also were awarded first premium for some really fine bananas, this tropical fruit having been grown by them to perfection under glass.

W. T. Hood & Co., nurserymen, Richmond, had two varieties of Japanese persimmons on exhibition, which attracted general attention.

THE FRUIT EXHIBIT AT THE VIRGINIA STATE FAIR.

One of the really great attractions of the Virginia State Fair was the fruit display. The exhibit of apples was especially fine. Much credit for this excellent feature is due to the Virginia State Horticultural Society, through its officers, the Hon. George E. Murrell, of Bedford county, president, and Walter Whately, of Albemarle county, secretary.

Mr. Murrell is particularly to be complimented not only upon the Society's success, but upon his efforts, as he was one of the largest individual exhibitors, and drew more firsts, or blue-ribbon, premiums than any one else. The fruit display was also under his direct supervision.

The Virginia State Horticultural Society had a very large and showy collection of fruit on exhibition, but it was not entered for competition, the object having been to show visitors not only what is being done in Virginia in the matter of fruit growing, but also to make it widely known that no finer, or better fruit can be produced anywhere. The display consisted of hundreds of plates of apples, pears, peaches, plums, quinces, grapes', cultivated persimmons, cranberries and nuts, and was an actual revelation.

It was to be expected that with the interest taken in the matter by Mr. Murrell, he would have the largest individual display, and would, consequently, be awarded the most prizes. He had between sixty and sixty-five distinct varieties of apples on exhibition and various types of others, as well as a number of varieties^ of pears

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

973

and other fruits, and was awarded thirty-nine premiums, all being firsts except six-certainly a large number of blue ribbons (thirty-three) to go to one county (Bedford).

The Albemarle Orchard Company, of Charlottesville, Samuel B. Woo'd, president, received second prize for individual collections, and this disposed of the handsome premiums of $100 and $50, respectively, offered for the best county displays of Virginia-grown fruits in the division of the State lying east of the Blue Ridge, Mr. Mur-rell getting the first for his collection, independent of his individual entries.

There were only two collections of fruit of over fifty varieties each from the division west of the Blue Ridge, both gotten together in Augusta county by Mrs. B. A. Watson, of Bath. The fruit had been collected with much labor and expense, but one collection was thrown out by the judge through what might almost be regarded as a technicality—the rejection of one plate, because of inferior quality; and the second collection not being deemed by the expert judge as sufficiently meritorious, was given the second premium. Thus, the two collections that might have stood to win both first and second premiums, or $150, had there been competition, were awarded but $50—an amount insufficient to pay the expenses attending the making of the display. It is understood that the action of the judge will be reviewed, and it is possible that the first collection, if it is decided that it has met all requirements, will be awarded a premium.

Mr. Walter Whately, secretary of the State Horticultural Society, was awarded the medal for the best new variety of apple of Virginia origin—Whately's Seedling.

The more than a thousand plates of fruit on exhibition represented at least 250 different varieties, about 150 being apples. In the apple display were some strikingly beautiful specimens. That favorite export variety—the Albemarle Pippin—was seen at its best, grown on those soils of the Piedmont region which seem peculiarly adapted for producing this variety of apples to perfection. In fact, not a few pomologists contend that the Albemarle Pippin is nothing more than another type of the Yellow Monmouth, of Yankee-land origin, probably of English origin, improved by reason of different soil and climate, just as certain varieties of grapes are much superior in one locality than in another, and this applies to most fruits.

The Winesap, another variety popular in Virginia, was was also to be seen in fine form. There is no more attractive apple, not excepting the Ben Davis, than the Virginia Winesap—perfect in shape and decidedly rich in its coloring.

Other varieties extensively grown in the apple districts of Virginia, such as the Mammoth Black Twig, Jonathan, Grimes's Golden, Virginia Beauty, Rome Beauty, Smith's Cider, Bonum, Fall Cheese, Wealthy, Wolf River and York Imperial, were also shown from different counties. Of course, the Ben Davis was there as rosy in appearance as the best, and as poor in quality as the worst. But it is the appearance most often that is esteemed as the first qualification, and the question of mellowness and flavor is relegated to the rear.

The writer was pleased to see some varieties of apples, natives of his own State, which were the finest of their

kind that he ever came across. The leading one was the York Imperial, than which there is no better, which had its origin in York county, Pa., whence its name was derived. The specimens shown were large and absolutely flawless—the veritable "pink of perfection." There is, perhaps, no more profitable winter variety, on account of its productiveness, excellent quality, beautiful appearance and its strong position as a long keeper.

There were some fine plates of the Fallawater, known also as the Tulpehocken or Found, from the county of my birth in Pennsylvania—Berks—named after the English shire of William Penn, the founder of the Keystone State (Berkshire), whose county seat, Reading, is named after William Penn's town-, and pronounced as the old Quaker himself said it—Redding. The Fallawater is one of the best yielders in its home, but not of first quality, but a person having an orchard of Fallawaters will always have apples, no matter how the season may be. There is no better apple for cider and apple butter. Said one of my fruit-grower friends: "If I should plant an orchard, every tree would be a Fallawater, and if there was room for one more tree, it would be a Fallawater, also." He was certainly a Fallawater enthusiast.

The Paradise Winter Sweet, which is a native of Paradise township, one of the "garden spots" of that rich agricultural county of Pennsylvania—Lancaster—is much larger and finer in appearance than in the country of its nativity, although it is a favorite where it was first discovered in a fence corner, as a wild tree, for whoever has Paradise apples is sure to have a supply for Christmas, as well as for the greater part of the winter.

The Stayman Winesap, also known merely as Stay-man, was closely examined by me. I had long suspected that it was identical with the Smokehouse, one of the best apples grown in Pennsylvania, the original tree of which was found growing over a smoke house in Montgomery county, near Philadelphia. This variety comes into use in July and August for sauce and pie, and continues in use until it reaches maturity in the fall. There are few better apples, but a good crop is not always assured.

The Stayman that I saw at the State fair looked like a. Smokehouse and tasted like a Smokehouse, (I slyly slipped one into my pocket—there's a fine for doing so, but I beg to be excused from paying it.) and I believe it to be a Smokehouse, However, we will not dispute the matter with our Virginia brethren.

But I must hurry in my review, as this article is already of undue length. I will not attempt to consider the premium awards, but I will say that I regard the showing that was made through the efforts of the Virginia State Horticultural Society as having been a most creditable one—one that argues well for Virginia's future and reputation as a fruit-growing State. With so many localities well adapted to fruit growing as are to be found in the State, Virginia should take a front rank with New York and Michigan—the position of third place now being held by Pennsylvania.

We have never seen, for instance, finer Northern Spy apples than those which were awarded first premium. This is the more remarkable because, as its name implies, it is decidedly a Northern variety, which flourishes best in Western New York, where it is nearer its home. A shy

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

bearer, comparatively, it is one of the highest flavored of all.

Then the Grimes' Golden apples exhibited—as brilliant as the "golden rod"—were perfectly beautiful, and the same may be said of the Rome Beauty, the Virginia Beauty (certainly here in Virginia) and others. The big-apple of the collection was a Wolf River, a variety much grown in the Bent Mountain district, a ponderous fruit, but "that's all." Some Mammouth Black Twigs were not far behind as to size, fully as large as New York's "Twenty Ounce." The Jonathan—Missouri's favorite-was strongly in evidence. The Missourians will "show you" a commercial orchard of 18,000 acres, among the foothills of the Osage mountains, almost entirely devoted to the Jonathan, and there is a fruit journal published in St. Joseph, Mo., of large circulation, which carries a cut of a Jonathan apple in its headline, as a Missouri fruit-grower's trade-mark.

It will not do to drop the pencil without a word concerning the peach exhibit. It was not large, but praiseworthy, especially the display made by the Coleman Brothers of half a dozen or more varieties from the Mountain Top Orchard on the Alleghany mountains near Covington, Va. They also showed some fine bananas, which were grown under glass. Their Chair's Choice peaches could not be beat, and their Bilyeus late October, Albright's Winter and other late peaches were in prime condition.

Much attention was drawn to the Twentieth Century peaches from near Charlotte, N. C, shown by J. M. Hampton as a long-keeper, and, hence, one of the most desirable in the whole list. It is also showy, luscious and productive, and ripens its fruit from the middle of August to November.

Among the unusual features was the exhibit of upland cranberries from the Mountain View Fruit Farm of Dr. W. B. Dodge, in Augusta county, near Stuart's Draft. No finer cranberries were ever grown on Cape Cod, or in Maine or New Jersey, and the exhibit showed the possibilities for this fruit in the South.

The Japanese persimmons (two varieties) shown by W. T. Hood & Co., were an evidence of the superiority qf the imported variety from "the land of the Iris," over the humble fruit in which the raccoon and oppossum of Virginia revels.

As for nuts, well there were all kinds—native chestnuts, the Paragon and other cultivated varieties of chestnuts, black and brown walnuts, butternuts, hickorynuts (known alsc as shellbark in Pennsylvania and the North, and as shafebarks in Virginia and the South), hazlenuts, English walnuts, pecans and chinquepins. The nut is properly classified as a fruit, and hence each variety counted as one in the list of fifty or more varieties in the county exhibits

i mong the fruit, away from the plants in another bLiluing devoted to plants and cut flowers (where the vegetables were also to be found), was a superb Begonia, exhibited by Miss Laura V. Lounsberry, of Ashland, Va., the plant being, it was said, eighteen years old, while the collection of cacti, some seventy varieties, shown by Mr. W. D. Richardson, of the business department of the News Leader, from his Fredericksburg home, was simply magnificent. CYRUS T. FOX.

|_N ovember,

THE RENTING SYSTEM.

Editor Southern Planter:

Farming is a business, and business methods must be applied to obtain success in any business. Really, farming is the most important business that we have in this or any other country, since the human race must be fed and clothed by the farmer, whether upon the basin of the mighty deep or in the bowels of the earth digging gold or coal, all are fed by the farmer. The person is not yet born who knows the solution to the Negro problem, therefore I shall make no effort in discussing it farther than as it relates to the labor problem of the farmers of the South.

Since I am better acquainted with the conditions as to Negro farm labor in Southampton county, as they now exist, I shall briefly confine my remarks to this county, as I see them. Southampton's natural resources combined with her efficient railway and waxer facilities can hardly be surpassed by any county in our old State. The adaptability of our soils with intelligent and intensive farming of the same would indeed as well as name make Southampton "a garden spot.' 'For the past several years our land owners and merchants have been advancing land, team and all other supplies to the colored laborers. In some cases they (the laborers) have cleared profits enough off the capital of others to buy farms of their own. This class represents the most thrifty and law-abiding element of the race. However, this is only a small per cent, of the race, and a large majority of the balance left becomes more arrogant and dictatory and is a menace to our business public, and to our farmers in particular. Few there are of this race in this county who will work for wages upon the farm—in the house or out. It is the fault of our land owners for as long as they will furnish homes and other supplies and let the laborers exercise their pleasure and judgment as to when and how they work, they need not expect the returns from their farms which they are entitled to. Under the tenant system our large land owners are becoming worse off as the years go by. Their farms are depreciating and being robbed of fertility, and the tenants, the only beneficiary in most cases. The non-land owner is no more entitled to any more than his efforts produce than is the clerk behind the counter. There is no more business or charity in delivering your farming business over to the laborer than there would be in delivering your store, factory, mill or any other business to the employee on time, for we are advancing to tenants on an uncertainty, while they are working in a "slipslod" way on a certainty. Another thing: our Negro tenants live in better houses, can and do get more credit from our merchants and land-owners than do oi t poor white tenants. Our Negro land-owners themselves will not take much risk with them. Some of our best farmers have vacated their farms because of the labor situation, and one of two things is inevitable with our large land-owners, viz.: Either to apply business methods with tho laborers, or sell their land except to the extent that they and their own children can work. This tenant system is a dismal failure for our land-owners, and the time is propitious for the owners to get together and adopt such measures as will meet the situation, and then stick to them, and thus control their employees. This shifting thriftless set of farm laborers must earn their living, or else our land owners are doomed to financial ruin. FARMER.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

975

Live Stock and Dairy.

MAKING CHEAP PORK WITH GRAZING CROPS.

(Continued from October Number.) Editor Southern Planter;

Laying Out the Grazing Plats.

Where one expects to make the grazing of hogs on pasture and soiling crops a permanent policy, a section of the farm should be laid out especially to meet the requirements of the business. This land should be so arranged that a suitable rotation can be practiced. The amount of land necessary will depend on many things; first, its quality; second, the climate; third, the crops that will grow on it. An acre of red clover will carry from four to six hogs for several months, say from March until June, depending a great deal on the locality. From six to eight hogs may be carried on an acre of cowpeas; and from eight to ten on artichokes and chufas, depending on the amount of grain fed. Spanish peanuts will graze from eight to ten hogs for two or three months; and a good Bermuda or blue grass sod can be used at all times with advantage. "When the hogs are small an acre will carry a larger number of them for a longer period provided the crop does not get out of season. When they are large and weigh from 150 to 180 pounds, probably not more than four to eight can be carried on an acre of land for any length of time. Unfortunately experiments bearing on this point are few and far between.

It is impossible to estimate the hog-carrying capacity of land, as one can readily see, owing to the modifying conditions of environment, but the hog raiser will have no serious trouble in adjusting his crop areas to the needs of his herd if he studies the situation carefully for a year or two. As a rule, it is a great mistake to turn hogs on large areas of any crop at once. They should be confined by means of temporary fences, which may be constructed in various ways, to small areas and required to clean them up thoroughly as they go. On red clover, alfalfa, grass or cereals, especially when pastured in the early stages of growth, confinement to small areas is not necessary; but for such crops as cowpeas, soy beans, peanuts, chufas, potatoes, etc., a great deal of the crop will be run over and destroyed unless the foraging disposition of the animal is held in check.

Hurdles as Temporary Fence.

A plain portable hurdle fence may be used to confine the hogs. This is made of lxC's in panels 12 or 16 feet long. Four 1x6x12 pieces are required for a single panel. Commencing at the bottom, the first two are placed six inches apart, while the third and top ones are seven inches apart. The pieces are held in place by lx4-inch pieces, one placed six inches from either end, and the other placed in the center. The bottom piece of the triangle, which forms the support of the hurdle, is 3 feet, 6 inches long, and is made of lx6-inch stuff. In the center of this piece a notch is cut 3 inches deep and 2 inches wide. The sides of the triangle are made of lx4-inch boards, 4 feet long, with a notch corresponding to the one in the baseboard cut in the top. This fence is hog-proof, and is easily and cheaply constructed, and will not blow over in a gale of wind. It is easily transported from place to

place, and while there are many minor details in the construction of the hurdles, the general method outlined provides the simplest and cheapest fence with which the writer is familiar.

PLAN A. Where Red Clover or Alfalfa are available.

3 acres Red Clover or Alfalfa

Maroh 30 to July 20. Also

for late grazing during August and September

2 acres Cowpeas.

Sow 1/2 area in Whippoor-#111, the other half in Clays & Blacks to have succession of feed.

August 1st. December 20th.

2/3 acre artichokes,

January to March 31st,

l/3 acre Chufas.

PLAN B. Soiling Crop System when Red Clover or Alfalfa are Not Available.

*Temporary fences.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTEK

[November

PLAN C. Soiling System with Permanent Pasture.

1. Spring oats

& rape followed by Cowpeas or Soy beans

2. Artichokes

or Chufas.

EE

Pasture of Alslke or White Clovor,

-■

Blue Grass m T

Orchard grass & Red . top.

fShade with L

fruit or persiip Soy beans, mon trees.

3.

Winter rye followed by Cowpeas

or Soy beans.

4. Sorghum

& Cowpeas or

Spring Branch. +Barns or Shelters, m. Gates into Lots.

PLAN D. Fruit and Truck Farm.

1.

Sugar Beets or Turnips.

KitchenPunipkin Garden

Orchard Sod.

Cowpeas.

Bermuda\ sod. Seed ±x

Hairy

; Vetch//in

EarYy Fall,

3.

Sorghum or Millet & Cow-peas.

4.

Peanuts Chufas & Artichokes,

1. Barns or Shelters.

2. Gates into Lots.

3. Path from House to Hog Pasture.

PLAN E. For Summer and Fall Grazing Only.

PLAN F. An all Year Round Rotation.

1. Houses or Shelters. All fences permanent.

2. Gates.

Wood Lot. Carrying capacity, 25 to 50 hogs per annum.

A. M. SOULE.

PHOSPHATE FOR HOGS.

A noted veterinary authority says: "If hogs show a tendency to weakness of the legs, feed less corn and more bran." The reason why bran is good for weak bones is that it contains more phosphate than corn. But if the farmer has provided himself with a few bags of • raw ground phosphate rock, he will find it an excellent thing" to sprinkle a little of it on the floor of the pen everyday. The hogs will root for it.

Two years ago we studied the phosphate experiment made with pigs, at the Wisconsin Experiment Station. It was most convincing of the truth of the statement we have made. Three pens of pigs, of three each, were taken for the experiment. One lot was fed as farmers ordinarily feed hogs; the second lot was fed the same as the first, except that a little phosphate was added to their food daily. The effect was astonishing in the increased vigor and strength of the second lot. But it was with the third lot that the full truth was unfolded.

This lot was fed food from which all the phosphate had been extracted by washing, but the process left all other elements, such as the nitrogen and potash, in full' strength. The effect of this loss of phosphate on these-pigs was very striking. They were stunted in size though well covered with fat, and at the stage of the experiment we saw them, they could not stand on their legs a minute. Get one of them upon his feet for a moment and he would commence to falter at once.

Here was a lesson in the principles of nutrition that was very valuable to the man who can take it in. Phosphorus is one of the the most important elements we have for the support of the brain, nerve and bone in animal life, and for seed growth in plants.

We have always noticed that our own hogs will at once commence to root in and eat the ground phosphate when we sprinkle it on the floor of their pens. A small 1 handful each day to each hog is valuable for the animal and the greatest efficiency of the manure.—Hoard's Dairyman.

Bone meal can be fed with the same results.—Ed.

ABERDEEN ANGUS CATTLE.

Editor Southern Planter:

The Editor, in the last issue of the Planter, while paying an honest tribute to the great Shorthorn breed of cattle, referred to the Angus as being the only breed of cattle that could compete with the Red, White and Roan in

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

977

-early maturity and "baby beef" production, but he went on to say that the Angus breed was handicapped in this, that in many instances a nurse cow was needed to give the calf the proper start. I do not know, of course, how many "doddies" Brother Jackson has bred, but the writer has been breeding them for nearly half his life time, and the only nurse cow ever on his farm was ten years ago, when one was employed to nurse a fine bull calf whose dam died soon after calving. -I do not know a breeder of Angus who employs nurse cows, except, perhaps, some breeders in the West, who use them to force along show ■calves, and I will agree to find a wet nurse for as many Shorthorn show calves as the editor will for those of the Angus breed. We have in our herd to-day (October 10th) a gilt-topped Queen Mother bull calf calved June 1 1908, that has had no feed except common pasture and his dam's milk that will pull down 500 pounds and have some pounds to spare. Another, calved June 30, 190'8. A gilt-topped Nosegay, that will weigh 475 pounds. One calved the last of February that will go from 600 to 650. One calved January 8, 1908, a double Westertown Rose, was shipped to the North Carolina Department of Agriculture July 20, 1908, and weighed at our express office 644 ^pounds, crated in a light pine crate weighing about 68 pounds.

The writer has brought several hundred head of range-Sbred, high-grade Angus heifers to his State and South Carolina, which when first calved, averaged 450 pounds at five to six months of age, and the old Texas stock from which they were bred up were noted as very poor milkers. 1 have just returned from the pasture where I have been to milk the grand old Nosegay matron, Lady Nosegay B. <by the grand champion over all breeds, Beau Bill), and ^brought back a gallon of milk her 10'0-pound bull calf could mot use. The cow is having no feed of any sort except ordinary frosted fall pasture.

I have not a word to say against the grand old Red, "White and Roan's, as they were my first love, but the majority of people have a wrong idea of the milking qualities of the "Doddies" and I do not like to see this wrong impression fostered by the farm press. I claim the Angus the greatest all-round breed of cattle for the southeast, and believe my claim as being substantiated by the manner in which the thousands of individul animals of this igreat "market topping" breed in this section are giving account of themselves. A. L. FRENCH.

Rockingham Co., N. C.

We are glad to have the opportunity of publishing this communication from so well known a breeder as Mr. French in defence of the "Doddies" as milkers, because we know well that any statement made by him can be Telied upon. We realize that the milking qualities of the "Doddies" have been in some strains of the breed greatly improved and that now cows of these strains can be relied •upon to nurse and make good calves of their offspring, %ut it is undeniably true that the breed, as a breed, is mot a milking one and that a very large proportion of the «cows have difficulty in producing ample supplies of milk ator the best doing of their calves. Selection and careful breeding is correcting this trouble in the same way that similar work is making Qf some strains of Holsteins good

butter cows, but it would be just as correct to say of the Holsteins, as a breed, that they are butter cows as to say of the "Doddies" that they are milk cows. As an evidence of what careful breeding and selection can do with cows, we note that at the recent Dairy Show in London an Angus cow was first in the milking trials and won the highest number of points for quality of milk, fat and weight of butter ever gained by any cow of any breed at the various shows up to that time. But, notwithstanding this grand record, the dairy farmer who selected the Angus breed for his dairy herd would find that he had made a great mistake.—Ed.

FEEDING CORN AND BY-PRODUCTS.

(Continued from October issue.) Editor Southern Planter:

Corn As a Concentrate.

We now come to the consideration of corn as a concentrate. Corn may be fed in a variety of ways, but it is most commonly used on the ears. Sometimes it is shelled and fed, sometimes used as corn nieal, and more commonly of late as corn and cob meal, or corn, cob and shuck meal. Corn alone, as indicated by its composition, is a one-sided food; that is, it is a heating and fattening food, ideal for certain purposes, but not well balanced and suited to the needs of various classes of live stock by itself. The following is the average composition of corn: Protein, 12.6 per cent.; carbohydrates, 79.3 per cent.; crude fiber, 2 per cent.; ether extract, 4.3 per cent., and crude ash, 1.7 per cent. Strange, to say, it has been the exclusive concentrate used on many farms for so long that farmers are skeptical about statements tending to show that when corn is fed in combination with other concentrates better results will certainly follow. Of course, there are cases where corn alone is the proper thing and no one would attempt to gainsay this fact, but as the majority of the animals on our farms require more or less protein in the ration it is clearly evident that a food so one-sided as corn is not adapted to their best nutrition, and an endeavor will be made to show briefly that experimental data bear this statement out very fully.

In an experiment made at the Virginia Experiment Station last year with beef cattle, corn was fed in various forms along with silage, stover and cotton seed meal to forty-eight head of cattle. The results, by groups, are as follows:

Feeding Corn in Various Forms to Beef Cattle.

RATION.

O.P. .

oa

Food Consumed.

o — O

Silage and Stover, C. S. meal,

Ear Corn

Silage and Stover, C. S. meal,

Split Corn

Silage and ?tover, C S.meal,

Shelled Corn

Silage and Stover, . S. meal,

Corn meal (tine)

Silage and Stover, C. S. meal,

Corn and Cob meal (fine) Silage and Stover, C. S. meal.

Corn and Cob meal (coarse)

17.50 20.02 17.77 15.23 18.44 19.61

w 03

O bo

7.9

9.5

8.8

8.81

9.60

9.70

The table shows the total gain made by each group in 180 days on ear corn, split corn, shelled corn, corn meal,

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

corn and cob meal fine, and corn and cob meal coarse. Hogs followed the first three groups and added considerably to the gains made. These results show that the largest gains were made by the group receiving corn meal; namely, 1.74 pounds. As the group receiving shelled corn made an average daily gain of 1.71 pounds, no margin was left to pay for grinding the corn fed to lot three. The split corn group made an average daily gain of 1.47 pounds, and, the labor involved in splitting being considered, it does not seem profitable to feed corn to beef cattle in this form. The ear corn group were close up to the shelled corn and corn meal groups with 1.67 pounds of gain per head per day. These results would indicate that ear corn or shelled corn would be the most satisfactory form in which to feed the grain with the character of roughness mentioned and cotton seed meal in sufficient quantity to balance up the ration and supply the individual needs of growing animals. In other words, large and satisfactory gains can be made with an ordinary grade of cattle on these rations which are adapted for use in almost every section of the country, and peculiarly so in the South. Corn and cob meal either fine or coarse, did not give as large gains as was' anticipated, and it would hardly seem profitable to grind the corn save possibly when it is very high, and by so doing it can be made to go considerably further, which is a very important consideration.

That corn alone should not be fed to hogs is brought. out nicely by the following data:

CORN ALONE AND IN COMBINATION FOR SWINE.

RATION.

Food Consumed per lb. of gain.

o =g

Corn meal 2 1

Wheat meal 1 >

Skimmllk9 )

Corn meal

Corn, meal 1 )

Skimmilk8 i

Corn meal 2 i

Soybean meal 1 v

SkimmilkS )

330.7

118.7 309.0

307.0

1.40

.50 1.35

1.30

4.1 1.6

1.6

02 P

14.1

12.2 12.2

5.1

5.8 4.8

5.1

That it will give good results when fed alone in the form of ear corn or shelled corn goes without saying, and that it can frequently be utilized in this way most advantageously for hogs is an undisputed fact. Where it is to be mixed with other grains, however, it will often be an advantage to grind it and feed it in the form of corn meal or corn and cob meal. Corn, when fed with skim milk, as the data indicates, constitutes an ideal ration, because the milk being rich in protein helps to balance it up and so adjusts it to the needs of growing swine.

For finishing off hogs that are fairly well matured, corn is unsurpassed, but, when fed in combination with soy bean meal, cowpeas, linseed meal, skim milk, wheat and other concentrates having a narrow nutritive ration, larger gains at a lower cost will always follow. Corn can be fed most advantageously with skim milk in the ratio of one pound to four to six of milk, depending on the abundance of the latter. When so fed, the milk will have a feeding value of 15 to 35 cents per 100 pounds,

and corn has been known to give a return of 80 or more cents per bushel when fed in combination with skim milk. Corn alone is not a satisfactory food for hogs, as the table shows, the increase being small and very costly and the gain per bushel of corn low in proportion to what it should have been.

For sheep, corn is a very fine grain. It should not constitute the exclusive ration for ewes, or for any class of breeding animals for that matter. Owing to the nature of the wool, sheep require a somewhat nitrogenous ration, and the protein may be supplied in clover, alfalfa or cowpea hay, which will mitigate the fattening influence of corn to some extent. Corn combined with moderate amounts of cotton seed meal, linseed meal, oats, bran or middlings will give better results with sheep and lambs than where fed alone. Young lambs should never receive an exclusive ration of corn. Many letters have come to our Station asking for information that will prevent young lambs from dying where an attempt is made to raise them under "hot-house" conditions. This trouble in nearly all instances is due to the exclusive feeding of corn in an attempt to fatten them rapidly. A variety in the ration and a less heating and irritating food to the digestive organs will tend to overcome the difficulty mentioned. A. M. SOULE.

(To be continued.)

PROPER METHOD OF EXAMINING A SICK ANIMAL.

First, take the temperature of the animal by placing a fever thermometer into the rectum, allowing it to remain there from three to five minutes. The normal temperature of a cow is 101 degrees (Farenheit). The normal temperature of a horse is 100 degrees; sheep, 101 degrees.

Second, take the pulse of the animal, which can be found at the angle of the lower jaw bone. The normal beat of a cow's pulse is from forty to fifty per minute, and that of a horse from thirty-three to forty per minute.

Third, count the respiration of the animal, or number of times it breathes by watching the sides of flanks, or by pressing the ear to the side. The normal respiration of the cow is from fifteen to twenty per minute, and that of a horse is from twelve to fifteen per minute while resting. If the temperature, pulse or respiration are found to be higher or faster than above described, you will know that the animal is ailing.

DR. DAVIS ROBERTS, Wisconsin State Veterinarian.

VIRGINIA STATE DAIRYMEN'S ASSOCIATION.

The Second Annual Convention of the Virginia State Dairymen's Association was held at Murphy's Hotel, Richmond, Va., October 7th and 8th. Mr. T. O. Sandy, President of the Association, called the meeting to order and, after the transaction of a great deal of interesting business a most excellent program was rendered by thoroughly competent and experienced speakers, as wili be seen by the following program:

Work of Virginia Department of Agriculture, Hon. G. W. Koiner.

Grading Up and Feeding a Dairy Herd, Hon. Joseph A. Turner.

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Pure Food Work of the Dairy and Food Division, Hon. Benj. L. Purcell.

Market Milk and Cream, Hon. Westmoreland Davis.

Dairy Form in Cattle, Prof. W. K. Brainard.

Virginia—Our Greatest Need and the Duty of Her People, Hon. John J. Owens.

Construction of Dairy Barns, Hon. Wm. D. Saunders.

Improvement of Milk Supplies, Hon. Ivan G. Weld.

Control of Tuberculosis in Dairy Cattle, Dr. Paul B. Barringer.

Successful vs. Unsuccessful Dairying, Hon. D. B. Johnson.

At the conclusion of the program a most sumptuous banquet was served and thoroughly enjoyed by all present.

Hon. Joseph A. Turner, Hollins, Va., was elected President for the ensuing year, and Hon. Wm. D. Saunders, Secretary and Treasurer.

This Association is doing good work in the interest in which it was organized, and we bespeak for it the cordial and hearty support of the dairymen of the State, every one of whom should be a member.

VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE LIVE STOCK.

Live Stock Reduction Sale, November 6, 1908.

About one year ago the Animal Husbandry Division of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, in view of the fact that herds and flocks had increased beyond its needs for experiment and other purposes and facilities for proper winter accommodations, decided to reduce the numbers. To advertise and sell this surplus high-bred stock along through the year was found, by past experience, to be a great deal of trouble and to be attended by many dif-culfities in fixing prices), correspondence, etc., besides, many farmers and breeders were not able to see and make selection from the stock, hence, the popular system of selling registered stock by public auction was accepted as the most feasible way of disposing of this surplus. The plan also has the merit of permitting the public to place the value on the animals offered. By sending out a catalogue of the pedigrees of the animals to be sold the blood lines could be studied and, by advertising, every one would be informed as to the date of the event.

As she should have, the Virginia' Polytechnic Institute has the best lines of breeding and Individual merit procurable. This was fully demonstrated by the catalogue and later at the sale ring from personal inspection. As a result, the sale was a grand success. The appreciation of the first effort justifies a second annual reduction sale this fall, which will be held at the College farm November 6, 1908.

At the sale will be offered twenty-five head of cattle, seventy hogs, and six sheep. The cattle will be sold before luncheon. The following animals will be offered:

8 Holsteins—6 females and 2 males. 11 Jerseys—5 females and 6 males.

2 Guernseys—1 female and 1 male.

2 Herefords—2 males.

1 Shorthorn—1 male. 42 Berkshires—22 females and 20 males. 26 Durocs—10 females and 16 males.

5 Dorsets—5 males.

1 Shropshire—1 male.

The offering is equal in quality and breeding to that of last year, and we believe will be found in as good or better condition.

Necessarily, this surplus, representing so many breeds, does not comprise a large number of any one breed and, therefore, is a smaller attraction to draw breeders and farmers from a distance. However, this makes the chances the greater for securing bargains. To those who feel that the expenditure of time and money necessary to attend the sale in person is not justified by the number offered of the breed in which they may be particularly interested, we would advise the securing of a catalogue, now ready for mailing, and the making of selections by catalogue numbers, and the placing of bids, which will be handled in all fairness for absent parties just the same as if they were personally doing the bidding. However, we would urge attendance and the advantage of having the opportunity of looking over the Agricultural College, Experiment Station and College Farm. Remember, the catalogues are ready. Secure one, or come and get one when you reach the Institute.

Blacksburg, Va. WALTER J. QUICK,

Professor Animal Husbandry, V. P. I.

VIRGINIA BERKSHIRE ASSOCIATION.

On October 7th, a number of breeders of Berkshire hogs met at the swine pavillion at the State Fair and organized the Virginia Berkshire Association. Dr. D. M. Trice had been appointed President of the temporary Association by the American Berkshire Congress, and he therefore called this meeting to order. Dr. E. W. Magruder was elected temporary Secretary. Dr. Trice then explained the object of such an Association and the advantages to be derived by the Berkshire men of the State meeting and working together.

Election of officers was then taken up and- Dr. E. W. Magruder, of the Department of Agriculture, Richmond, was elected president; Mr. E. L. Ross, Bedford City, secretary; Mr. W. R. Fensom, Rio Vista, Henrico county, Treasurer, and Dr. D. M. Trice, Charlottesville; Mr. E. F. Sommers, Somerset; Mr. J. B. Beard, Raphine, and Mr. W. A. Willeroy, Romancoke, Va., were elected directors.

The President was authorized to appoint a Committee of three to draw up a Constitution and By-Laws to be presented at the next meeting. Dr. D. M. Trice, Mr. W. A. Willeroy, and Mr. E. F. Sommers were appointed on that Committee.

The meeting adjourned to meet in the near future at the call of the President at such place and time as he should consider best.

DUROC-JERSEY BREEDERS MEET.

A meeting of Duroc-Jersey Swine Breeders was held at Murphy's Hotel, Richmond, during the State Fair week, at which a Breeders' Association was organized for the State of Virginia. A partial selection of oflicers was made to be completed at a later meeting after it was seen who of the breeders in the State were prepared to join. Mr. Leslie D. Kline, of Vancluse, Va., was appointed Secretary and he was directed to communicate what had been done to the breeders in the State and to ask their co-operation and also to send to this Journal for publication several addresses, which, owing to pressure of business, could not be delivered at the meeting.

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[November,

The Poultry Yard.

POULTRY NOTES.

With fancy white eggs selling at 40' cents per dozen at this time (October 20th), the poultryman who has a lot of mature pullets laying that kind of egg has less to worry his mind than any of the great politicians who are spending the people's money in trying to convince the voters of this enlightened country that only a favored few have light enough filtering through their skylight to enable them to see clearly how to vote. This price at this season of the year means high prices for eggs until March or April.

The past season has been a very peculiar one in many respects. There have been many influences at work to decrease the chicken crop. Unusually high prices for all kinds of feed, meal especially, comparatively low prices for eggs during the spring and early summer months and fairly good prices for young and old poultry influenced many people to sell their fowls rather than feed the high-priced grain.

From reports and correspondence, it would appear that a full average crop of chickens was hatched, but an unusually large per cent, were lost during May and June, and a very large per cent, of those that lived to broiler or frying size were sold. This loss of chicks is a very serious matter to the industry, as it discourages many people and they conclude that there is no profit in the business and quit. Careful inquiry into the causes of this unusual mortality shows very conclusively that care and feed are responsible for very much of the loss. Many chicks were killed by feeding them bad, musty meal made from corn that was unfit to feed to any kind of stock. I saw corn ground into meal that was black in the heart and mouldy on the cob at several mills in my neighborhood. Such meal will kill chicks when fed to them as certainly and almost as speedily as nux vomica will kill dogs. I bought one barrel of such corn and paid $4.00 for it. It looked all right before it was shelled, but when it was shelled it showed this rot and mould very plainly and was not fed to the poultry. The mules would not eat it and the pigs ate it only as a last resort from starvation. This kind of feed not only kills the chicks after they are hatched, but, when fed to the breeding stock, it weakens the vitality of the germ, to such an extent that many do not hatch and those that do hatch are weaklings that cannot live. Chicks that stand and sleep are not vigorous when hatched and no amount of care and nursing can develop them into healthy, thrifty stock. Where one must feed musty or unsound grain to any kind of poultry it should be ground into coarse meal and mixed with milk or water and baked thoroughly before feeding. This will improve it. very much, but will not kill all the disease germs. Such grain is unwholesome as food for man, beast or fowls and should be condemned by the Food Commissioner and those who sell it should be prosecuted to the full extent of the law. It may be said that a man should not buy such corn if he did not want it. This will not answer. Grain and food products are sold by grade and the man who buys No. 1 corn and pays the

price of such corn should not be driven to the expense of litigation to protect his rights. A few prosecutions and heavy fines would put a stop to this species of rascality.

Our pure food law is evaded every day. I saw eggs on sale in one of the largest provision houses in the city of Richmond only a few days ago placarded "Fresh country eggs," and the pencil check mark on the case showed that they had been in cold storage since April 6th. Fresh laid eggs" means not over three days old, and those had been in cold storage six months and ten days and may have been a month old when put in.

I bought a five-pound pail of lard in one of the large meat markets a few days ago. I called for "pure lard." I paid the price of pure lard, and in the dim light of the store the label read "Pure Lard" in large print. When my wife wanted to use the lard she asked we why I bought such stuff and insisted that I must have taken something besides James River water. I plead innocence, but no use. To settle the row the lard paid was put in evidence. Here is what the Libel read when I had my glasses on, "Pure Lard (compound). The words "pure lard" iu large type fully one inch high, and "compound" in small, agate type. Is there such a thing as a pure compound? If this is not fraud it comes dangerously near to it. Why do I write about this in these notes? Because these old eggs are sold in competition with my fresh laid eggs and I am compelled to meet the price of these old eggs and I am thus placed at a disadvantage and the people who buy these old eggs are defrauded. I know that we have a pure food law in Virginia, and every intelligent and observing man knows that very much of the feed and food products sold are not pure, and are labeled to mislead the purchaser. The pure food law requires that every place where fraudulent butter is sold or used shall post in a conspicuous place placards announcing that fact. Do we see any such placards in the eating houses in Richmond? Are we to infer that nothing but pure butter is used and sold in Richmond? Success in poultry raising depends upon pure feed, good care, cleanliness and fair, honest markets for our products.

It is very important that the hens should have extra care and feed this month. Get them to laying by December 1st, if possible, then it will be comparatively easy to keep them in laying condition. Feed oats and wheat liberally. Give a morning mash composed of bran, crushed oats and meat meal. Six parts wheat bran, two parts crushed oats, and one part meat meal. Make this into a crumbly mash with sweet milk or hot water, and feed early. Give a liberal feed of wheat at noon, and a full feed of whole corn just before dark. Clean, repair and whitewash the houses, and get everything in order for winter. Plough some ground near the houses and runs, and sow rye, wheat, oats and turnip seed. Sow very thick, and it will give your hens young succulent feed many days during winter. This is a good time to cull the flock and dispose of the culls.

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Turkeys intended for Thanksgiving market should be fed liberally. Give them a good feed of the morning mash that is fed to the hens, and a full feed of whole corn just before they go to roost. The price will rule high. Advices from the West indicate a shortage in many places, and good stock should bring extra good prices. In my neighborhood (Hanover county) many flocks have been destroyed or largely decemated by prowling dogs. One lady lost forty out of forty-four in one night. Another neighbor had seven killed in one night, and many others have lost from two to ten during September and October. I feel confident that dogs have destroyed fully $500 worth of turkeys in Hanover county this season. Yet we must submit to this unmitigated nuisance. Every poultry raiser and every sheep breeder must keep agitating this dog nuisance until we get a law that will tax these dogs out of the State, and give every man the right to shoot every trespassing dog at sight.

Some days ago I was talking with a farmer about poultry, and he said there was no profit in any kind ot poultry, yet this same man harbors and feeds six full-grown hounds! It costs fully as much to feed one of these dogs as it does to feed Ave Leghorn hens. The feed consumed by these six hounds would feed thirty good laying hens. These hens would lay fifteen dozen eggs per hen in twelve months, or 450 dozen for the flock. A fair average price for- these eggs would be twenty-five cents per dozen, or $72.50 for the income from the hens. Income from the dogs,—0,—trouble, discord, noise. "Verily, my people are destroyed for the want of knowledge."

CAL HUSSELMAN.

THE POULTRY MARKET—PROGRESS OF THE FLOCK.

Editor Southern Planter:

As it will be about time for your November issue to go to press when this reaches you, I will make it brief.

Everybody who has fowls on a farm is now feeding new corn. Many also are trying to fatten for the fall and early winter market a lot of long-legged, half-grown cockerels, which should have been sold many weeks ago, and which will now consume a lot of corn, and make less profitable gains than when younger.

The only salvation now will be in giving them literally all they can eat, and really making them fat. Young chickens, fat, and not too large, will bring a premium over market quotations in Washington. It is a bad time to sell old fowls, for if hens have full grown new coats, they should be made to lay now while eggs are high and green feed can still be had. If ragged and full of pin feathers, hens do not sell to advantage alive, and can hardly be made to look well when dressed. Hens have been selling in Washington in the latter part of October at 11 to 12 cents per pound, which a few weeks before would have brought 13, or possibly 13 1-2 cents per pound. This means a month of grain feeding worse than thrown away. If we are to reduce poultry keeping to a paying basis we must avoid the expense of carrying hens through long unproductive periods.

Eggs are high and scarce. We have had no trouble

in getting 35 cents per dozen at retail through October, and will get 40 cents through November, unless our supply is larger than we expect.

Our oldest Barred Plymouth Rock pullets will be seven months old on November 18th, and we expect eggs from them at that age, and large frames well developed for the winter's work. Up to six months of age they had practically no corn, being raised on wheat and a little meat. A few were singing and showing signs of approacn-ing maturity at that age. Up to this time wneat nad been cheaper than corn, but as soon as new corn could be shelled we changed to a ratoin of as much corn as they would pick from the ear for themselves, and about all the meat meal they would eat up clean in the first half hour of morning liberty. As they do not shell enough corn to fill their crops at night, we will start the sheller at once, and give unlimited shelled corn and meat and, for a time at least, only enough wheat scattered about in the leaves to make them hunt if they want variety. We now want maturity, and winter eggs from the pullets, and rapidly increasing weight in the cockerels, of which we are still holding about 60 of varying ages for home use and sale as breeding stock. These have free range away from the females, a little meat each morning, fine oyster shell, unlimited corn on cob, a little shelled for them, a little wheat which may be discontinued, clover and timothy pasture, late mowed and tender, on one side and woods range on the other. We do not know what more to 'do to maintain our standard of large size, and hope to develop a fair proportion of 10-pound males.

Thus far there is no sign that the males from the Maine Experiment Station strain have given us pullets of earlier maturity than our old strain. Nor up to this time can we see any sign that either males or females of this breeding will be notably smaller than those from our own males. This would seem to indicate that our females had a prepotency in the matter of size, which overcame the loss of size sustained in the Main flock, as a result of breeding only from 200 egg hens for nine generations.

After all, it is not strange that thirty-two years of breed-on a Virginia farm, with size always regarded as one of the principal objects, should fix a characteristic as well as nine years of selection in a scientific institution.

I wish all your readers who will ship first-class fowls or turkeys to Washington during the remainder of the year would provide themselves with the Blue Label of the Southern Table-Poultry Club. Membership has thus far been limited to readers of the Planter, and while shipments have not been large, I think no one has Had occasion to find fault with the results. There is a growing market in Washington for the best grades. I have been unable this month to supply the demand of a single grocer for chicks at 20' cents per pound with only blood and feathers removed. Anything from 11-2 to 31-2 pounds in weight is acceptable, but I have carried nothing past the two-pound size which was not good enough for breeding purposes.

W. A. SHERMAN.

Fairfax Co., Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

The Horse.

THE HORSE.

By W. J. Carter, "Broad Rock." The Virginia-Carolina Circuit. The circuit of fairs and race meetings in Virginia and both of the Carolinas for 1908 has closed, and with a degree of success far greater than that even anticipated by the most sanguine supporters in this trio of Southern States. The meetings at Norfolk and Tasley, Virginia, in August, were identified with the Maryland and Virginia Circuit, and while unfavorable weather conditions seriously interfered with the former that at the latter point was unusually successful, as good sport was furnished in the harness races, and the attendance was unusually large. The Virginia-Carolina Circuit began at Galax, in Grayson county, down in Southwest Virginia, the first week in September, and was followed up during successive weeks by the District Fair at Radford, Tazewell, the Roanoke Fair at Roanoke, the Interstate Fair at Lynchburg, and the Virginia State Fair at Richmond during the week of October 5-10. Of these, it may be said that the Roanoke and Lynchburg Fairs met with the greatest measure of success recorded in the history of either Association, as attendance was much larger, the exhibits of live stock, agricultural and mechanical products of a better class, while the racing was marked by larger fields in the harness classes and faster time, with probably better contests.

Our Virginia State Fair.

The Virginia State Fair will go down into history as the greatest exhibition of the sort by odds yet seen in this State and one that will rank in importance probably with the majority that have been seen in the South. Exhibits in all departments were not only of a higher standard, but much larger than during former years, while the show of cattle of various breeds came as little less than a revelation, such was the character of the entries. Though larger than during previous years, yet the classes for the different breeds of horses listed should have been better filled, but at that the exhibits were very creditable and created much favorable comment.

In the matter of attendance, however, favored by fine weather conditions throughout the week, a record was established daily that may not be broken, or even equalled for that matter, for years to come. On Monday, the opening day, and Tuesday as well, about double the usual crowd was seen, while on Wednesday—Richmond Day—which was generally observed as a holiday in the city, a vast concourse, conservatively estimated at over 50,000, gathered on the grounds, forming a sight never lefor'e seen in Richmond.

Of the speed program it may be said that racing fell below the standard of former years, though a couple of harness races, three flat races, and a steeplechase event daily furnished some sport that pleased the masses. This department is likely though to witness some changes for thebetter another year.

From Richmond Southwest.

From Richmond most of the horses were shipped south, some to Emporia, Va., others to the North Carolina State

Fair, at Raleigh, and the remainder to Winston-Salem, N. C. Raleigh was included in the Virginia-Carolina Circuit and Winston-Salem in the North Carolina Circuit, which also included Greensboro and Salisbury. In point of attendance, Raleigh gained new laurels, while Charlotte scored a proud success, and the Circuit closed during the last week of October with the South Carolina State Fair, at Columbia, in a blaze of glory.

State Fair officials, from the President down, labored untiringly, and for the splendid success attained these men must be duly credited. Hon. Henry C. Stuart, the Chief Executive, a man of broad and liberal ideas, prominently mentioned, too, as the next Governor of our grand old Commonwealth, was strongly in evidence during the week, as were such Committeemen as Samuel Cohen, head of the big Richmond department store bearing his name; L. O. Miller, head of the large dry goods concern of Miller & Rhoads; J. G. Corley, of the Cable Piano Company, and others of wide prominence in business and financial circles.

Mr. Mark R. Lloyd, the Assistant Secretary and General Manager, young, active and endowed with the creative genius of a fertile brain, can look hack upon the greatest of all Fairs in this part di the South, while Cyrus T. Fox, hailing from Reading, Pennsylvania, and with the ripe experience of some forty years, did himself proud as Assistant to the General Manager.

The Race Committee was made up of J. T. Anderson, Chairman, with Legh R. Page and M. C. Patterson. S. S. Toam, Editor of the Trotter and Pacer, of New York, served as Presiding Judge of the harness races, with Clyde W. Saunders and W. J. Carter, associates; timers, Preston Belvin, A. T. Griffith and Dr. J. C. Walton. Fred. A. Upton, of Rochester, N. Y., who was here in 1907, started the horses and his work was first-class, as usual. P. A. S. Brine, British Vice-Consul for the port of Richmond, was Clerk of the course.

Officials of the running races included James McK. Merryman, T. R. C. Jenifer and Charles H. Hurkamp as judges; W. N. Cranwell, of Baltimore, race secretary. Phil McGinnis, of London, Ontario, Canada, did the starting with a barrier of his own invention and his work ranked among the best ever seen on a Southern track.

The spectacular feature of the whole meeting and one calculated to try the tension of nerves was the steeplechase, in which small fields, averaging some four or five in each race, were the rule, and many of these came to grief. In one of these events eight horses started, of which only two finished, the remaining half dozen coming to grief during various stages of the route. One horse was killed, while jockeys fared badly, too, but such is a part of the game, certainly a most fascinating one to many race-goers.

A well-informed patron of runners accounts for the numerous falls here by stating that the liberal purses, larger than those on most tracks away from New York, 'attracted a lot of horses lacking the requisite schooling, while some of the jocks, too, were short of experience; then, too, the jumps were stiffer on the course than formerly.

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DRAFT HORSES—THEIR PROFITABLE BREEDING IN VIRGINIA.

Westmoreland Davis, Loudoun County, Va. (Continued from October issue.)

Although I am a strong believer in the genius of the American people, I have always thought it wise, in these days of specialties, to seek for truth at the fountain head.

In art and in music the continental nations excel; in things mechanical the world looks to us.

Where great tracts of land are to be farmed upon economical lines the American inventor and mechanic has stood the world in good stead. Where live stock are to be brought to their highest development the European is preeminent, for this can be done only through that solicitous care and untiring patience which comes to generations of people devoted to the pursuit.

So far we have been too nervous, too high strung a nation, to devote ourselves to those details, so simple, we would say perhaps so tedious; but withal so necessary to successful breeding.

Each nation has its own peculiar methods of agriculture. Our so-called modern ideas of intensive farming are merely a tardy recognition of the merits of the system which, for many decades, has obtained on the other side of the Atlantic.

So far as I can learn the average crop of wheat in the United States for a number of years past has been between twelve and thirteen bushels per acre. During the same period England has averaged thirty bushels of wheat per acre, while Franch has the still higher average of thirty-three bushels per acre. The methods characteristic of the French people in their agricultural and kindred pursuits are not only evidence to us of the thrift of a great nation, but have much to do with the finances of the world.

When Prince Bismark, thinking to destroy her, tore from France the rich provinces of Alsace and Lorraine, and burdened her with a war indemnity of a sum equivalent to a thousand million of dollars, he simply quickened her national spirit. The indemnity was paid at once.

Despite this great drain upon her national resources we find France to-day the bankers of the world, and the sound basis of her prosperity is the well distributed wealth of her small farmers who persistently and scientifically cultivate their small farms.

In methods of breeding, as in farming, the French may be studied by us with profit. We cannot do this better than by traveling amongst them.

Perhaps you would be interested to accompany me on a trip to La Perche, the country of the French heavy draft horse, the Percheron.

This district, according to Lorillard, comprises the district of Montagne department de l'Orne; 2d Arrondisse-ment of Nogent le Retrou and a fraction of those of Chartres, Dreux and Chateaudun department d'Eutre et Loir; 3d, the western side of the Arrondissement de Ven-dome department du Doir et Cher; 4th, the eastern side of the Arrondissement of Maners and of Saint Calais (department de la Sarthe).

We shall rise early and leave our comfortable hotel when the pleasure-loving Parisians are taking their second naps. The sturdy little train on the line which

leads from Paris to Lyons will soon be speeding from the station of Mont Parnasse, in Paris, to either Nogent or Retrou, or to La Ferte Bernard. These places are but a few miles apart.

Before reaching our journey's end we shall pass through a very fertile country cultivated in small holdings, and will be much impressed by the great care which is given to the soil in its preparation for the coming crop. We pass Versailles, with its tragic memories of a time when we, too, were making history, and stop for a moment to disembark a lot of hunting people, who are going to follow the pack of stag hounds owned and hunted by that remarkable sportswoman, the Duchess D'Uzes, who gamely, at seventy years of age, is always in the first flight, and present at the death of the stag. La Ferte Bernard is soon reached.

We are such horsemen that we give but a glance at the beautiful old church with its gorgons, and its quaint architecture; nor do we tarry as otherwise we might, before the little shop windows, filled with their quaint offerings. A conveyance is had, and we soon find ourselves at the home of one of the prosperous and responsible owners, rearers; I may say trafflcers, in stallions of the country. They are self-styled "eleveurs."

The production of pure-bred horses in France is divided into two distinct classes: The farmers own and breed the mares, and sell the stallion colts at weaning time, often for high prices, while the stallioner, or "eleveur" is the owner of a number of stallions, the services of which are at the command of the public. He also purchases and rears from weaning time the finer stallion colts, which are fed well, and when old enough moderately worked, until ready at three or four years old, to fulfil their mission in improving the draught horses of Russia, South America, or in their chief market, the United States.

In France the services of a stallion are to be had at about $5.00, and the protection* which the farmer receives from the French government against worthless stallions, by requiring soundness as a prerequisite to their licensing, practically prevents the use in France of that class of stallion which is the curse of so many of our communities.

To procure a stallion one may visit many establishments, and see many kinds of animals. Although all offered would be registered as pure-bred, some will bear the mark of approval accompanied by a bonus, of the French government; while others, coarse and clumsy, whose quality and cleanness of limb have been surrendered to weight and coarseness, are ready for the American markets and shows, at which horses are judged chiefly along beef lines.

For some years enormous blacks have been fashionable in the United States. These have been produced according to Monsieur Lavillard, Chief of the Judges of the National Agricultural Institute of France, by the importation into France of foreign horses that they might give the increased weight and color desired.

The typical Percheron is grey, and this color always popular in France, is regaining its ascendency in America. Percherons are to be found in other colors, and, unless of such size that they indicate the presence of Belgian or Shire blood, the difference in color from our ideal

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

grey does not indicate the presence of foreign blood. Each of us must choose for himself according to his ideal and to the demands of his stud, and the community tributary thereto.

The stallions for sale are to be found collected into stables and awaiting purchasers; they are in the highest condition known to the French breeder. Not so with the mares. They must be sought out among the various small farmers, and will be found in the plows or dragging great loads, for their thrifty owners. The misfits, and they are many, among the stallions, go into the ©arts of the provincial towns, and of Paris.

As we proceed to one of the quaint homes of the peasant class we pass fields where young stallions in bands of twenty to forty are as yearlings or two-year-olds grazing, as do steers with us, upon the rich pastures.

Arrived at the small farm, we enter a cobbled yard, with low stuccoed house, flanked by a similarly constructed barn. Whatever of newness there may be in its construction is lost sight of in the antiquated style of its buildings. The good man is pleasant, and so is his wife. He is happy in jeans and overalls, and she, too, rejoices in a little white cap, short woolen skirts and big wooden shoes, which one of our country women would think impossible.

A few flowers perhaps, a tiled floor, a wide-open fireplace in which crackle under an overhanging pot twigs which show that they have been recently added because of our expected visit, create a pleasant impression.

We enter preceded by the bows the collected family, whose pride as well as whose hospitality, renders it necessary before proceeding to business, that we join in a small bottle of wine, or at least have a huge glass of black coffee, into which the master of the house will add a goodly portion of cognac. In the French family in this class of life, the wife is usually the" banker, and both husband and wife take a lively interest in all business matters. The mares are shown with some show of indifference, but an agreement can be reached without much dickering, as they are a people thoroughly in earnest, who measure well in honesty when tried by our ordinary standards. Mares are to be had from about $100.00' as weanlings; $200.00 as yearlings, and aged mares from $300.00 to $50'0.00, according to quality and breeding.

The great success of the French horse, as a finished product, lies in the above-described division of labor, from the time of the service of the mare to the sale of the finished stallion. The little foal that comes as a delight and profit to the peasant farmer receives in the earlier months of its existence that solicitous care which can only be bestowed by those who own a few animals in which they are deeply interested.

Such care as the young French foal thus receives is absolutely unknown to those countries which, like ours, maintain great harems of mares, headed by noted sires. The very number of these neglected mares renders them the ready subjects of disease and accident.

On the other hand, the "eleveur" takes the foal at weaning time, and is thoroughly prepared with grain and pasture and moderate work to get the best results. The above methods, I hope, some time to see applied in Virginia. Pure-bred mares at the present price of grades, cost little more, and their ownership by our farm-

[November,

ers would have a tremendous bearing upon the prosperity of our State.

I have little in common with those who favor the parental in government, yet I am forced to believe in many cases the public at large suffers by reason of the exaggerated view which we, as a people, take of individual rights. Certain it is that no matter what may be the efforts of those who have studied the subject, little progress will be made, until in Virginia, as in Minnesota, Wisconsin and in foreign countries, an act shall be passed by our legislature creating a "Stallion Registration Board'" for the purpose of regulating in a measure at least the kind of stallions that may be used in the State. Such an act should provide that no stallion should stand in the State of Virginia until he shall have received a license which shall have been issued by said board and filed with the clerk of the county, or counties, in which he travels. The act should provide for the appointment in each senatorial district of a competent veterinary who, with a competent horseman, should pass, at specified times and places, within their jurisdiction, upon the soundness and availability of stallions, whose owners shall have made application to the "Stallion Registration Board" for a license.

If we really mean to put the breeding of horses upon a satisfactory plane, only pure-bred animals registered in one of the recognized stud books should be licensed. Absolute soundness in every case should be a prerequisite, and the fees paid the board should go to the maintenance of the work.

If it be determined that grade stallions are under any circumstances to be licensed there should be two classes of licenses granted, in order to impress upon the farmer the advantage of breeding to the pure bred. The purebred should be of the first class; the grade stallions eligible only to enter the second.

A distinguished breeder having been asked to name the three factors most potent in the development of the highest class of pure-bred stock, replied, upon reflection, that the first factor was feed, the second feed, and if pressed for the third, he would reply feed also.

No doubt by this answer he meant to cover a wide field, not only of the food-stuffs used, but the method of using them. In the stable, as in the dairy barn, scientific feeding has made great strides, and he who would secure the best results must have mastered the balanced ration and the peculiar value of feedstuffs from the standpoint of protein and carbo-hydrates. To my mind, there is great tendency on the part of the average breeder, desirous of pushing his animals to feeding too much. Especially is this forcing dangerous during the early life of the foal. Our Virginia horse has to-day a well deserved reputation for endurance; this quality gives him a distinct value for work in the trying life of the cities, and comes from his early mode of life, his feed and exercise as a colt. The fattening of horses for sale has reached such proportions in the West that it seems to have justified the issuing of a bulletin by the Illinois Experiment Station, upon the subject.

A volume entitled "The Horse," published by a prominent Chicago concern, makes the following laudatory comment upon that business. I quote:

"Many a time I have seen grain pay the farmer a dol-

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lar or more a bushel when used in fattening horses. The experiments made along this line by the Illinois Experiment Station are right in point here. I commend the bulletin describing them to all farmers. This feeding process is an easy one. Put the horses in stalls, tied by the head. Feed them all the hay and grain they will clean up, and give them all the pure water they will drink. They must be brought to full feed gradually, and the food must not be changed. Exercise is not necessary. A big draughter will gain as much as five or six or seven pounds a day on all the corn he will eat. The feeders who make a business of fattening draughters for the market use corn mostly, with sometimes a little bran, and they never change the feed from the time they start the horses until they land them in the market. This rule of no change applies absolutely."

I have not read the above quoted bulletin. I am under the impression that these horses were meant for traffic, and not to be sold to the meat packing concerns of Chicago. Advice like that quoted to farmers seems to me a most serious matter. From a moral standpoint it suggests a trick; and from a business standpoint it advises the introduction into the channels of trade at an inflated price of an animal not fitted for the purposes for which he was sold. That such methods do obtain in certain sections is best evidenced by the coming into our midst from time to time of many ill-shapen, over-fatted specimens of stallions, which seldom meet the requirements of their purchasers.

I have endeavored in my humble fashion to place before you a few salient points bearing upon the breeding and rearing of the draught horse. The time is ripe for us to claim our share of this great traffic.

The year 1908 has been one long to be remembered in financial circles. Colossal fortunes, and great reputations have shrunk in times of panic. Agricultural values have held their own better than any other. Wall Street and Lombard Street in London, other names for those who deal in huge corporate interests no longer use the names of the rich to conjure with. In the midst of their distress there has been but one hope—the coming crop. This means the use in the channels of trade of the many millions, which the sale of our farm products this year would bring to aid a national credit, so greatly strained by over capitalization and inflation.

We are no longer in the eyes of the public mere "hayseeds." We are the acknowledged producers of the wealth, and the controllers of the destiny of this country. Let us realize the responsibility of our position and approach the solution of the many difficult questions which will be presented to us, with dignity and with patience, remembering that, whatever may be the wrongs and grievances of party government, we are all citizens of a great nation, the progress of which has been alike the wonder and admiration of the civilized world.

THE PERCHERON VS. THE SUFFOLK PUNCH.

Editor Southern Planter:

This is my final article on the farm horse, as I cannot afford to continue a discussion which is participated in by anonymous writers who draw somewhat on their imagination for facts to sustain their arguments.

The horse I referred to as pulling the heavy load of cotton in Havre, was a Percheron, ■ bred in the vicinity of Nogent le Rotrou, so I was informed by Mr. Chaminard, a Frenchman. Mr. Colechrist, an Englishman, who has resided in Albemarle county, Va., tells me that he comes from the Suffolk district, and that I am right as to the weights of these horses, from 1,400 pounds to 1,700 pounds, respectively, and that he was back in England last winter, and that he never saw a Suffolk that weighed a ton. Now, Mr. Colechrist is a great admirer of the Suffolk; in fact, like most of his countrymen, prefers English-bred horses to any other.

As to relative prices of Percherons and Suffolk, Fan-chon, the Ohio importer, is an English Suffork horseman, and was in the Valley counties with his five Suf-folks, one a winner, he claimed at the Royal Show, and he tried very hard to stock this horse at $2,500, and others as low as $1,800. yet we have two Percherons in this county that were sold for $3,000 each, I know of two stallions (both Percherons) sold by importers for $5,000 and $6,000 cash, not "stocked," which often adds $1,500 to their cost, and nearly always $1,000. My experience with Percherons has been as a user and spectator at the greatest draft horse show on earth (the International), and I do not yield the palm to any man, when it comes to selecting a good draft horse. I have owned Percherons and French draft horses, and think I know the difference. Again, I stand in company with those who have for over a half century used the Percheron, and 1 can point with pride to the greatest horsemen and users of heavy horses whose teams are Percherons. The commission horse salesmen on the Chicago yards, without exception, prefer the Percheron, and pay more for them than for any other geldings, all things being equal. Armour's six-horse team, shown June 1907, in London, created a furore; never did the King of England see six horses, weighing over a ton each, go the fast gait this team did. The first Suffolks I ever saw were exhibited at Chicago in 1893, and if they had never been imported before that time, they would had since proven their worth, and if the equal of the Percheron, they would have come to the front, as there is nothing that takes the American's eye like something new. In Ohio, where they were talked about and championed by breeders and importers like Fanchon, they would have greatly increased in numbers (instead of decreasing in importation and use) had they been the horse some people contend they are. They would be properly classed on the Chicago sale yards as "wagon horses," and the quotation on sucn are far below "drafters" in price. But I have now and heretofore written enough, and any novice can get sufficient information from the dealers and commission men on the big horse markets to verify the position I take without costly experimenting.

JOHN F. LEWIS. Rockingham Co., Va.

T. B. Doswell has shipped his stable of runners to Baltimore, where the orange jacket of Bullfield will be seen during the fall meeting of the Maryland Jockey Club, at the famous old Pimlico track. The string is made up of Allover, Flatfoot, Bob Calhan, Jr., in Memoriam, and Easter Belle.

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[Novembei

GENERAL MANAGER LLOYD ON THE FAIR.

Editor Southern Planter:

The 1908 Virginia State Fair was a decided success —the exhibits were of high character and worthy of the close study they received from a very large number of our best citizens as well as visitors from other States— and the Association feels that its efforts, thanks to the cordial aid and support of the Press and representative citizens—are bearing good results. The attendance on each day exceeded the same days of previous years, and that of "Richmond Day" may be said to have taxed the accommodations of the ground. The exhibits in each department were excellent. Farm Products, through the efforts of Hon. T. O. Sandy and members of the Farmers' Institute, crowded its own building and almost filled that reserved for Dairy exhibits. The display of fruit, thanks to the aid of the Virginia Horticultural Society and individual exhibitors, exceeded any ever seen in the State. The exhibit of tobacco was most excellent, comprising the product of many growers in various sections. The County exhibits in both fruit and farm products were very attractive.

A decidedly interesting and instructive feature of the Fair, and the acknowledgement of which gives great pleasure to the Association, was the exceedingly large display of Farm Implements and Machines—tne most extensive of any Fair in the East, and covering acres in extent.

It is difficult to express the gratification of the management caused by the above and the truly magnificent exhibits of Live Stock—the equal of which, as a whole, has never been seen in this section of the United States; and, despairing to describe same in reasonable space, the following brief reference is made: Department A— Horses—contained the greatest lot of stallions and mares it has been the good fortune of Virginians to see upon a Fair ground. Of Department B—Cattle—it may be said the exhibits were of a superlative grade. The same is also true of Department C and D—Sheep and Swine—and of Poultry. Each of the Live Stock departments taxed to the utmost the accomodations provided for same, necessitating the construction of additional stalls, barns, sheds, pens and coops.

In conclusion, and acknowledging the hearty support accorded the Fair by the ladies, whose exhibits lent grace and beauty to the buildings in which same were placed, it is our desire to state that the appreciation shown by the large exhibits in each department and the heavy attendance, has encouraged the Association to believe that

the work of this Institution is constructive and of great value to the State at large; and, in order that same may progress, it is the purpose of the President—Hon. H. C. Stuart—who has given unstintingly of his time and experience since the inception of the Fair, and who rendered invaluable aid in ensuring the success of 1908, and of each officer and director, to put upon the grounds every convenience in the way of buildings to render it possible for the next Fair, to be held October 4th to 9th, 1909, to exemplify to our people the strides which the Virginia farmer and live stock breeder is making, the continuance of which for but a few years will place the Old Dominion at the head of States in the column of productiveness. Gratefully acknowledging the great aid the Southern Planter has always rendered the Fair, I remain, Very truly, MARK R. LLOYD,

Asst. Secy. & Gen. Mangr.

BIRDS THE FARMERS' BEST FRIENDS.

Editor Southern, Planter:

How few of our farmers realize the incalculable benefits they derive from our native birds, and what little effort is made to induce them to become near neighbors. Now is the time, to make a beginning by killing every English sparrow on the farm; they are now in flocks, and can be baited a ■ few times and easily killed with small shot. Every pair of English sparrows replaces several pairs of our native species, and we are feeding them through the winter at the expense of our fowls. Another enemy not often counted is the house cat, especially when becoming partly wild, and they should be killed on sight.

The partridges and sparrows that are destroying the weed seeds all through our fields; Chickadees, Titanica and Woodpeckers keeping our orchards free should have every protection. Why not begin now to put old tin boxes, stumps, etc., for their spring use, have them located within a half mile of the house, the more workmen next season. Don't go out and kill twenty Orchard Orioles in a day because they are eating a few berries, cherries or grapes, where the good they have done is a thousand times greater. On my son's farm, nine miles up the James, we had over sixty species of birds breeding the past summer, many of them represented by dozens of pairs of birds. Start in on the English sparrow now and forever on. H. B. BAILEY.

The highest priced chickens in this country are the South Shore roasters, sold in the Boston market to a select trade which has been built up by the producers. These are fed, after they are too old for chick feed, mostly on cracked corn and beef scrap, with grass range in summer and steamed clover or other green feed in winter. The cockerels are caponized. The pullets are sold just before ready to lay. All are confined in yards while fattening. The highest prices for these are in the spring when roasters are nqt so plentiful. Some of those sold then are hatched in fall and early winter, and forced through the cold months.

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1. Under 1 year Berkshire Sow, 1st prize, J. L. Axline, owner. 2. Under 1 year Berkshire Boar, J. L. Axline, owner.

3. Under 6 months Berkshire Boar, E. F. Sommers, owner.

THE VIRGINIA STATE FAIR.

The third annual exhibition of the Virginia State Fan-Association was held in Richmond, Va., October 5th to 10th, as scheduled, and it was a most decided success in every respect. It was, in fact, pronounced by competent critics as being the best agricultural show ever given in the East. The President, Hon. H. C. Stuart, and General Manager, Mr. Mark R. Lloyd, have been overwhelmed with congratulations on the character, extent and general excellence of the exhibits which they attracted to the fair, and they fully deserve the compliments paid them. Without discrediting any of the other departments, we should say that the live stock exhibit surpassed them all. It exceeded that of last year both in numbers and quality, and it certainly created the greatest interest and enthusiasm among the farmers. Practically all the breeds of cattle were represented, even down to the Scotch Highland. In the beef class, especially the Shorthorns, the competition was exceedingly fierce, and the judges consumed the entire day in this class in tieing ribbons. It was the opinion of many that you would have to go to the "International," at Chicago, to see a better class than this one. In the dairy breeds, the contest was almost as hot, and especially so in the Jerseys, there being three strong competing herds.

The magnificent High Acting Imported Hackney Stallion, Bagthorpe Sultan owned by Hon. Henry Fairfax, was greatly admired by everyone as was Tadenia, the beautiful Chestnut Saddle Horse, owned b" Hon. H. C. Stuart, and with which he won the silver cup offered by the American Saddle Horse Breeders' Association. Another famous horse which attracted no end of attention was General Miles, owned by Dr. John A. Myers, of Rockingham county. This horse is extremely beautiful, and is regarded as being nearly a perfect specimen, and was justly awarded the championship in his class.

Next in number to the cattle, came the horses. This

"Bagthorpe Sultan.

department was much larger than last year, and included Percherons, Clydesdales, French Coachers, Hackneys, Standard Bred, Kentucky Saddle Horses, Thoroughbred, Shetland Ponies and Mules. The Percheron class was not as large as last year, but the Hackney and Standard Bred were very much larger. Large stables of excellent animals in both of these classes were the centers of great attraction.

In the Roadster class, Mr. I. J. Coffin won handily with Wealth. In this class Mr. D. A. Langhorne, Scottsville, Va., was a large exhibitor, and won a number of blues.

The Swine exhibit was a large one, and included practically all breeds, and we are glad to note that our Virginia breeders were numerously and well represented. We are also glad to note that they got a good share of the ribbons.

In the Sheep department, pretty nearly all the breeds were exhibited, but principally by Northern and Western breeders. The two exceptions were the Morven Park Estate, of Mr. Westmoreland Davis and the Glenara Farm, owned by Mr. John Butler Swann, who showed several pens of Dorsets.

The Poultry show was an exceedingly good one, especially for the season of the year, and the poultry cranks were out in great numbers, and many of them pronounced the show the best one they had seen in the South for years.

The Farm Products department was an exceedingly attractive exhibit, and when considered in connection with the Fruit and Horticultural exhibit it was considered by many to be one of the leading attractions of the fair. Mr. T. O. Sandy was on hand, of course, with his Farm Demonstration Work Exhibit, while Hon. George E. Mur-rell looked after the horticultural line, and made a magnificent display.

The Fancy Work department was a splendid one, and served to attract the ladies by the thousands every day.

What proved to be one of the most interesting features of the fair was the Implement and Machinery department. This covered several acres of ground, and served at all times to attract thousands of farmers. There is scarcely a piece of machinery used on the farm that was not in actual operation, and we are safe in saying that hundreds of farmers got tips enough from this exhibit to help them solve the vexing labor problem hereafter. We are informed by numbers of exhibitors that the business

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[November,.

they did on the fair grounds vastly exceeded their expectations, and that they are delighted with the outlook for the future. They feel satisfied that farmers have at last come to realize the absolute necessity of utilizing a maximum amount of machinery in their farm operations.

It is needless to say that the fair management is gratified at the enormous attendance, and great interest manifested in the fair by the farmers throughout the State. It is exceedingly gratifying to know that the fair is on a solid business basis, and that hereafter even better and larger exhibitions will be held. There is no reason why the Virginia State Fair should not be the largest one in the East, especially as we have everything here to make it such.

We append hereto the prize winners in the various stock classes:

HORSES AND MULES.

The $100 silver cup offered by the American Saddle Horse Breeders' Association was won by Tadenia, the beautiful chestnut stallion, owned by Mr. Henry C. Stuart, over the stylish youngster, Golden Harp, shown by Dr. John A. Myers, of Harrisonburg.

Other winners in the saddle class were:

Gelding, four years old and over—H. C. Stuart. Sal-lion, four years old and over—General Miles, Dr. John A. Myers. Stallion, two years old and under three—Golden Harp, Dr. John A. Myers. Mare, four years old or over— Mary Woodford, William Shepherd. Mare, two years old and under three—Josephine S., William Shepherd. Champion stallion, mare or gelding—General Miles, Dr. John A. Myers.

Percheron or French Draft.—Stallion, four years old, or over—First and second prize, E. B. White, Leesburg, Va. Stallion, three years old and under four—First prize, McLaughlin Brothers, Columbus, 0. For stallion, one year old and under two; mare, four years old or over;

Retard, 1st Prize 3-year old Peroheron Stallion, Virginia State Fair—McLaughlin Bros.

mare three years old and under four; mare, two years old and under three; mare, one year old and under two, and mare, one year old, respectively—E. B. White, Leesburg, Va.

Percheron Societies Specials.—A, B, C, D, F, H and I, and $100 Champion Cup—E. B. White, Leesburg, Va.

Standard Roadsters.—Stallion, four years old. or over— First, I. J. Coffin, Richmond; second, H. C. Nelson, Man-

General Miles, Champion Saddle Stallion, Virginia State Fair.—Dr. John A. Myers, Harrisonburg, Va.

Chester. Stallion, three years old and under four—First and second, Acca Stock Farm, Richmond. Stallion, two years old and under three—A. Randolph Howard, Fredericksburg, Va. Stallion, one year old and under two—First and second, D. A. Langhorne, Scottsville, Va. Mare, four years old or over—First, Acca Stock Farm, Richmond. Mare, three years old and under four—First, Acca Stock Farm, Richmond. Mare, two years old and under three— First, D. A. Langhorne, Scottsville, Va.; second, Acca Stock Farm, Richmond. Stallion, any age—First Acca Stock Farm, Richmond; second, I. J. Coffin, Richmond. Mare, any age—First and second, D. A. Langhorne, Scottsville, Va.

General Purpose Horses.—Colts, geldings and fillies, one year old and under—First, I. J. Coffin, Richmond; second, Charles Register. Fillies and geldings, two and three years old—First, R. C. Garnett.

French Coach Horses.—Stallion, four years old andi over—First, McLaughlin Brothers, Columbus, O.. second, Carl H. Nolting, Trevilians, Va. Stallion colt, under one year old—First, W. G. Owen. Mare, four years old and' over—First, H. C. Beattie, Richmond, Va.; second, W. G. Owen.

English Hackney.—Stallion, four years old or over— First, Henry Fairfax, Aldie, Va.; second, J. B. Andrews. Stallion, three years old and under four—First, Henry Fairfax, Aldie, Va.; second, J. B. Andrews. Stallion, two' years old and under three—First, A. D. Williams, Richmond; second, J. B. Andrew?. Stallion, one year old and" under two—Dr. J. G. Ferneyhough, Burkeville, Va. Stallion colt, under one year old—A. D. Williams, Richmond. Mare, four years old or over—First, J. B. Andrews; second. A. Randolph Howard, Fredericksburg, Va. Mare-colt, under one year old—A. D. Williams, Richmond.

Jacks.—Jack, four years old or over—First, James Bur-rell; second. T. N. Page. Jack, three years old and under four—I. J. Coffin, Richmond.

Jennet.—Jennet, four years old or over—First and second prizes, James Burrell.

Mules.—Mule, four years old or over—First and second

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prizes, Joseph Lassiter, Richmond. Paii' draft mules, weight, not less than 2,800 pounds—Joseph Lassiter, Richmond. Pair mules, over three years old, in harness to • wagon or truck—First, Joseph Lassiter, Richmond; second, Stephen Putney Shoe Company, Richmond.

CATTLE—ALL BREEDS.

Aberdeen Angus.—Bull, three years and over—First, D Bradfute & Son, Xenia, Ohio. Bull, one year and under two—First, D. Bradfute & Son; second, T. Nelson Page, Beaver Dam, Va. Cows, three years and over—First, Bradfute & Son; second, Bradfute & Son. Heifers, two and under three—First, Bradfute & Son; second, Bradfute & Son. Heifers, one and under three years—First and second, Bradfute & Son. Heifers, under one—First, Bradfute & Son. Breeders' Young Herd—First, Bradfute & Son. Get of sire, four animals—First and second, Bradfute & Son. Produce of cow, two animals—First and second, Bradfute & Son. Champion Bull—First, Bradfute & Son. Champion Female^First, Bradfute & Son. Bulls, three years or over—First, Bradfute & Son. Bulls, one year and under two—First, Bradfute & Son. second, T. Nelson Page. Cows, three years or over—First, Bradfute -& Son; second, Bradfute & Son. Heifer, two years and under three—First and second, Bradfute & Son. Heifers, one year and under two—First, second and third, Bradfute & Son. Heifers, under one year—First and second, Bradfute & Son; third and fourth, T. Nelson Page.

Shorthorns.—Bulls, three years old or over—First, Elm-endorf Farm, Lexington, Ky.; second, F. W. Cotton, Manila, Ind.; third, Carpenter & Ross, Mansfield, O. Senior Bulls, two years old or less—First, Dr. D. M. Kipps. Junior Bulls—First, Dr. D. M. Kipps; second, Blmendorf Farm, third, Carpenter & Ross. Senior Bull Calf—First, Carpenter & Ross; second, Dr. D. M. Kipps. Junior Bull Calf—First, F. W. Cotton. Cows, three years old or over— First, Elmendorf Farm; second, F. W. Cotton; third, Carpenter & Ross; fourth, Henry C. Stuart. Heifers, under three years old—First, Elmendorf Farm; second, Carpenter & Ross; third, Henry C. Stuart; fourth. Dr. D. M. Kipps. Senior Heifer Yearlings — First, Elmendorf Farm; second, Henry

C. Stuart; third, Carpenter & Ross; fourth, Carpenter & Ross. Junior Heifer Yearlings — First, F. W. Cotton; second, Carpenter & Ross; third, Carpenter & Ross; fourth, Dr. D. M. Kipps. Senior Heifer Calf —First, Elmendorf Farm; second, F. W. Cotton; third, Carpenter & Ross; fourth, Carpenter & Ross; fifth, Henry C. Stuart. Junior TT - -v Calf—First, F. W. Cotton, second, Carpenter & Ross; third, Carpenter & Ross; fourth, Dr.

D. M. Kipps. Ager Herd— First, Elmendorf Farm; second, F. W. Cotton; third, Carpenter & Ross. Young Herd—First,. F. W. Cotton; second, Carpenter & Ross; third. Elmendorf Farm. Calf Herd—First, Carpenter & Ross; second, Dr. D. M. Kipps. Four animals, either sex, get of one

eire—First, F. W. Cotton; second, F. W. Cotton; third, Carpenter Ross. Senior Champion Bull—First, Elmendorf Farm; reserve, Carpenter & Ross. Junion Champion Bull—First, F. W. Cotton; reserve Dr. D. M. Kipps. Senior Champion Cow—First, Elmendorf Farm, reserve,

Elmendorf Farm. Junior Champion Cow—First, Elmendorf Farm; reserve, Elmendorf Farm.

Herefords.—Bulls, three years old and over—First, W. H. Curtice, Eminence, Ky.; second, W. H. Curtice Bulls two years old and under three—First, W. H. Curtice; sec-

Berkshire Boar, 1st and Champion, Virginia State Fair-A. M. Fulford.

White Short Horn Bull exhibited by Carpenter & Ross, "Virginia State Fair.

ond, F. E. Maxwell, Ohio; third, W. H. Curtice. Bulls, one year old—W. H. Curtice; second, F. E. Maxwell, Delaware, Ohio; third, W. H. Curtice. Bulls, under one year old—First, F. E. Maxwell; second, W. H. Curtice; third, F. E .Maxwell. Cows, three years old and under—First, second and third, W. H. Curtice. Heifers, ;wo ysars old and under three—First, second and third, W. H. Curtice. Heifers, one year and under two—First, W. H. Curtice, second, F. E. Maxwell. Heifers, under one year— First, F. E. Maxwell; second and third, W. H. Curtice. Exhibitors' Herd—First and second, W. H. Curtice; third, F. E. Maxwell. Breeders' Young Herd—First, W. H. Curtice; second, F. E. Maxwell. Get of one sire, four animals—First, W. H. Curtice; second, F. E. Maxwell. Produce of one cow, two animals—First, W. H. Curtice; second, W. H. Curtice; third, F. E. Maxwell. Champion Bull—First, W. H. Curtice; reserve, F. E. Maxwell. Champion Cow or Heifer—First, W. H. Curtice; reserve, W. H. Curtice.

Red Polls—Exhibited by George Ineichen, Geneva, Ind.; Prewett Stock Farm, Parkersburg, W. Va.; H. M. Lut-trell, Delaplane, Va.; E. W. Scott, West Esmont, Va.; M. M. Jarman, Elkton, Va.

Aged Bull, three years and over—First, H. M. Luttrell; second, George Ineichen; third, Prewett Stock Farm. Bull, two years and under three—First, Prewett Stock Farm; second, M. M. Jarman. Bulls, one year and under two—First, George Ineichen; second, H. M. Luttrell; third, Prewett Stock Farm. Bull, under one year—First, H. M. Luttrell; second, H. M. Luttrell; third, Prewett Stock Farm. Cows, three years and over—First, H. M. Luttrell. second, Prewett Stock Farm; third, H. M. Luttrell. Heifer, two years and under—First, George Ineichen; second, H. M. Luttrell; third, Prewett Stock Farm. Heifer, one year, under two—First, George Ineichen; second, H. M. Luttrell; third, Prewett Stock Farm. Heifer, under one year—First, George Ineichen; second, George Ineichen; third, H. M. Luttrell. Exhibitors' Herd—First, George Ineichen; second, H. M. Luttrell; third, Prewett Stock Farm. Breeders' Young Herd—First, George Ineichen. Get of sire, four animals—First, George Ineichen; second, H. M. Luttrell; third, Prewett Stock Farm. Pro-

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duce of cow, two animals, either sex—First, George Inei-chen; second,. H. M. Luttrell; third, Prewett Stock Farm. Champion Bull, any age—First, H. M. Luttrell. reserve, George Ineichen. Champion Cows.or Heifer, any age— First, H. M. Luttrell; reserve, George Ineichen.

Virginia Beef Breeds.—Bulls over two years old—First, H. C. Stuart; second, H. M. Luttrell, Delaplane, Va.; third, Dr. D. M. Kipps, Front Royal. Bulls, under two years old—First, Dr. D. M. Kipps. Bulls, under one year old—First, Dr. D. M. Kipps. Cows, three years or over— First, H. C. Stuart; second, Dr. D. M. Kipps; third, H. M. Luttrell. Heifers, under three years—First, H. C. Stuart; second, Dr. D. M. Kipps; third, H. M. Luttrell. Heifers, under two years—First, H. C. Stuart; second, Dr. D. M. Kipps; third, H. M. Luttrell. Heifers, under one year old—First, H. C. Stuart; second, Dr. D. M. Kipps. Exhibitors' Herd—First, H. C. Stuart, second, Dr. Kipps. Breeders' Young Herd—First, Dr. D. M. Kipp^. Get of sire, four animals—First, Dr. Kipps. Produce of one cow, two animals—First, H. C. Stuart; second, Dr. Kipps Champion Bull—First, Dr. Kipps; reserve, H. C. Stuart Champion Cow—First, H. C. Stuart; reserve, H. C. Stuart.

Devons.—Bull, three years and over—Stockwell & Gif-ford, first; M. S. Jones, second. Bull, two years and under three—Stockwell & Gifford, first. Dr. J. C. Morris, second. Bull, one year and under two—M. S. Jones, first; Stockwell & Gifford. second. Bull under one year—Stockwell & Gifford, first; M. S. Jones, second. Cow, three years and over—Stockwell & Gifford, first; M. S. Jones, second. Heifer, two years and under three—Stockwell & Gifford, first; M. S. Jones, second. Heifer, one year and under two—M. S. Jones, first and second. Heifer, under one year —M. S. Jones, first and second. Exhibitors' Herd—Stock-well & Gifford, first; M. S. Jones, second. Breeders' Young Herd—M. S. Jones, first; Stockwell & Gifford, second. Get of Sire, four animals, any age, either sex—M. S. Jones, first; Stockwell & Gifford, second. Product of Cow—Stockwell & Gifford, first; M. S. Jones, second. Champion Bull, any age—Stockwell & Gifford, first; M. S. Jones, reserve. Champion Cow, or heifer, any age—'Stockwell & Gifford first; M. S. Jones, reserve.

Holsteins.—Bull, three years and over—First, G. M. Carpenter, Wilkesbarre, Pa.; second, W. Purdum, Nashville, Tenn. Bull, two years and under—First, W. Purdum. Bull, one year and under—First, G. M. Carpenter; second, W. Purdum. Bull, under one year—First, G. M. Carpenter; second, W. Purdum. Cow, three years and over—First and second, W. Purdum. Heifer, two years and under—First. W. Furdum; second, G. M. Carpenter. Heifer, one year and under two—First, W. Purdum; second, G. M.

second, G. M. Carpenter. Breeders' Young Herd—First, G. M. Carpenter, second, W. Purdum. Get of sire, four animals, any age, any sex—First, W. Purdum; second, G.

Champion "White Yorkshire Sow, Virginia State Fair— Morven Park.

Carpenter. Heifers, under one—First, G. M. Carpenter; second, W. Purdum. Exhibitors' Herd—First, W. Purdum;

Romulus, 1st prize Dorset Ram, aged class, Virginia State Fair.—Jno. Butler Swann.

M. Carpenter. Herd of two Cows—First, G. M. Carpenter; second, W. Purdum. Champion Bull, any age—First, G. M. Carpenter; reserve, W. Purdum. Cow or Heifer, any age—First, W. Purdum; reserve, G. M. Carpenter.

Jerseys.—Bulls, three years and over—First, McLaury Bros., Portland, N. Y.; second, C. B. Ross, Blanchester, O. Bulls, two years and under three—First, McLaury Bros.; second, C. B. Ross. Bulls, one year and under two—First, McLaury Bros.; second, J. T. Hoopes, Bynum, Md. Bulls, under one year—First, C. B. Ross; second, J. T. Hoopes. Cows, three years and over—First, McLaury Brothers; second, J. T. Hoopes. Heifers, two years and under three—First and second, C. B. Ross. Heifers, one year and under two—First, J. T. Hoopes; second, McLaury Brothers. Heifers, under one year—First and second, C.

B. Ross. Exhibitor's Herd—First, McLaury Brothers? second, C. B. Ross. Breeders' Young Herd—First, C. B. Ross; second, McLaury Brothers. Get of one sire—First,

C. B. Ross; second, McLaury Brothers. Produce of one cow—First, C. B. Ross; second, McLaury Brothers. Champion Bull—First, C. B. Ross, reserve, McLaury Brothers. Champion Cow—First, McLaury Brothers; reserve, C. B. Ross.

Guernseys.—Bull, three years and over—James McK. and I. B; Merryman, first; Holland & McCormick. second. Bull, two years and under three—A. R. Scott, first; Holland & McCormick. second. Bull, one year and under two —James McK. & I. B. Merryman, first; W. Davis, second. Bull, under one year—James McK. & I. B. Merryman, first; Holland & McCormick, second. Cow, three years and over—James McK. & I. B. Merryman, first; Holland & McCormick. second. Heifer, two years and under three —Holland & McCormick, first; James McK. & I. B. Merryman, second. Heifer, one year and under two—Holland & McCormick, first; A. R. Scott, second. Heifer, under one year—James McK. & I, B. Merryman, first and second. Exhibitors' Herd—James McK. & I. B. Merryman, first; Holland & McCormick. second. Breeders' Young Herd— James McK. & I. B. Merryman, first; Holland & McCormick second. Get of Sire, four nimals, either sex—James McK. & I. B. Merryman, first; Holland & McCormick. second. Two animals, either sex, any age, product of Cow—Holland & McCormick, first; James McK. & I. B. Merryman, second. Bull, any age—Holland & McCormick, first; James McK. & I. B. Merryman,' reserve. Cow and

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heifer, any age—James McK. & I. B. Merryman, first; Holland & McCormick, reserve.

Dutch Belted.—Bull, three years and over—F. R. Sanders, first; G. H. Dodge, second. Bull, two years and under three—G. H. Dodge, first; F. R. Sanders, second. Bull, one year and under two—G. H. Dodge, first; F. R. Sanders, second. Bull, under one year—F. R. Sanders, first. Cow, three years and over—G. H. Dodge, first; F. R. Sanders, second. Heifer, two years and under three—G. H. Dodge, first; F. R. Sanders, second. Heifer, one year and under two—G. H. Dodge, first; F. R. Sanders, second. Heifer, under one year—F. .R Sanders, first; G. H. Dodge, second. Exhibitors' Herd—F. R. Sanders, first; G. H. Dodge, second. Breeders' Young Herd—G. H. Dodge, first; F. R. Sanders, second. Get of Sire, four animals, either sex, any age—F. R. Sanders, first; G. H. Dodge, second. Product of Cow, two animals, either sex, any age—F. R. Sanders, first; G. H. Dodge, second. Champion Bull, any age—F. R. Sanders, first. Champion Cow, any age—G. H. Dodge, first; F. R. Sanders, reserve.

Dutch Belted Special.—Exhibitors' Herd—F. R. Sanders, first. Get of one Sire—F. R. Sanders, first. Champion Bull—F. R. Sanders, first.

Ayrshires.—(Exhibited by Mr. K. Barney, Milford, N. Y., and having no competition, won all awards.)

French-Canadian.—F. I. Grace, of New Hampshire was only exhibitor and won all awards.

Scotch Highland.—Mr. Grace showed the only herd of this breed.

SWINE.

Berkshires.—Boar, two years and over—First, A, M, Fulford, Bel Air, Md; second, Moore's Brook Sanatarium, Charlottesville; third, Test Farm, Department of Agriculture. Boar, one year and under two—First, J. L. Axline, Pataskala, O.; second, Moore's Brook Sanatarium. Boar, six months and under twelve—First, J. L. Axline; second, Moore's Brook Sanitarium; third, Moore's Brook Sanitarium. Boar, under six months—First, E. F. Sommers, Somerset, Va.; second and third, J. L. Axline. Sow, two years or over—First, J. L. Axline; second, A. M. Fulford; third, Moore's Brook Sanitarium. Sow, one year and under two—First and second, J. L. Axline. third, Moore's Brook Sanitarium. Sow, six months and under twelve—First and second, J. L. Axline; third, Test Farm, Department of Agriculture. Sow, under six months— First, A. M. Fulford; second and third, J. L. Axline. Four swine, any age, get of a boar—First and second, J. L. Axline; third, A. M. Fulford. Four pigs, any age, produce of one sow—First and second J. L. Axline; third, A. M.

Hon. L. D. Kline judging Dairy Cattle—Virginia State Fair.

Fulford. Exhibition Herd—First, J. L. Axline; second, Moore's Brook Sanitarium. Breeders' Young Herd—First and second, J. L. Axline; third, A. M. Fulford. Brood Sow and six Pigs—First, Test Farm, Department of Agriculture. Champion Boar, any age—Championship, A.

M. Fulford; reserve championship, J. L. Axline. Champion Sow, any age—Championship, J. L. Axline; reserve championship, A. M. Fulford.

Berkshires (American).—Best Boar and three Sows—

Blue Ribbon "Breeder's Flock" of Angoras, Virginia State Fair—Diamond V Ranch.

First, Moore's Brook Sanitarium; second, W. R. Fensom, Richmond; third, W. A. Willeroy, Richmond.

Poland China.—Boar, two years and over—First, A. C. Grieve & Son, Xenia, O.; second, J. B. Swann, Marshall, Va.; third, C. R. Cressman, Bursonville, Pa. Boar, one year and under two—First, A. C. Grieve & Son; second, A. C. Grieve & Son; third, W. M. Jones, Crofton, Va. Boar, six months and under twelve—First and second, A. C. Grieve & Son; third, Shorb, Brothers, TJtica Mills, Md. Boar, under six months—First, W. M. Jones, Crofton, Va.; second, Shorb Brothers; third, A. C. Grieve & Son. Sow, two years and over—First and second, A. C. Grieve & Son; third, C. R. Cressman. Champion Boar, any age—Championship, A. C. Grieve & Son; reserve, C. R. Cressman. Champion Sow, any age—Championship,

A. C. Grieve & Son; reserve, Shorb Brothers.

Chester White.—Boar, two years and over—First and second, W. T. Dever, Lucasville, O. Sow, one year and under two—First and second, A. C. Grieve & Son; third, Shrob Brothers. Boar, one year and under two—First and second, W. T. Dever; third, C. R. Cressman. Boar, six months old and under twelve—First and second, W. T. Dever; third, Shorb Brothers. Boar, under six months— First and second, W. T. Dever; third, C. R. Cressman. Sow, two years or over—First and second, W. T. Dever; third, C. R. Cressman. Sow, one year and under two— First and second, W. T. Dever; third, S. W. McDowell & Son, Fredonia, Pa. Sow, six months and under twelve— First, second and third, W. T. Dever. Sow, under six months—First, C. R. Cressman; second and third, W. T. Dever. Four swine, any age, get of one boar—First and second, W. T. Dever; third, C. R. Cressman. Four pigs, any age, produce of one sow—First, W. T. Dever; second. C. R. Cressman. Exhibitor's Herd—First, W. T. Dever; second, C. R. Cressman. Breeders' Young Herd—First, W. T. Dever; second, C. R. Cressman. Championship Boar, any age—First, W. T. Dever. Championship Sow, any age—First, W. T. Dever; reserve, C. R. Cressman.

Duroc Jersey.—Boar, two years or over—First, Mahan Brothers, Osborn, O.; second, Shorb Brothers; third,' C.

B. Ross. Boar, one year and under two—First, Mahan Brothers; second C. B. Ross; third, Shorb Brothers. Boar. six months and under twelve—First and second, Mahan Brothers; third, Shorb Brothers. Boar, under six months— First and second, Mahan Brothers; third, C. B. Ross. Sow, two years and over—First, Mahan Brothers; second, C. B. Ross; third, Mahan Brothers. Sow, one year and under

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[November,

—First, Mahaii Brothers; second, Shorb Brothers; third, Mahan Brothers. Sow, six months and under twelve— First and second, Mahan Brothers; third, C. B. Ross. Sow, under six months, Mahan Brothers; second and third, C. B. Ross. Four Swine, any age, get of one Boar—First and second, Mahan Brothers; third, C. B. Ross. Four Pigs, any age, product of one Sow—First and second, Mahan Brothers; third, Shorb Brothers. Exhibitors' Herd —First, Mahan Brothers; second, C. B. Ross; third, Shorb Brothers. Breeders' Young Herd—First and second, Mahan Brothers; third, C. B. Ross. Brood Sow and Sij Pigs—First,, Shorb Brothers. Championship Boar, any age—First and reserve, Mahan Brothers. Championship Sow, any age—Championship and reserve, Mahan Brothers. Large White Yorkshires.—Boar, two years old and over —First, Shorb Brothers; second, Westmoreland Davis, Leesburg, Va.; third, The Wheeler Homestead, Wanona, N. Y. Boar, one year and under two—First, Westmoreland Davis; second, Shorb Brothers; third, The Wheeler Homestead. Boar, six months and under twelve—First, Westmoreland Davis; second, The Wheeler Homestead; third, The Wheeler Homestead. Boar, under six months— First and second, Westmoreland Davis; third, the Wheeler Homestead. Sow, two years or over—First and second, Westmoreand Davis; third, The Wheeler Homestead. Sow, one year and under two—First, Shorb Brothers; second, Westmoreland Davis; third, The Wheeler Homestead. Sow, six months and under twelve—First, Westmoreland Davis; second, The Wheeler Homestead; third, Westmoreland Davis. Sow, under six months—First, Westmoreland Davis; second and third, The Wheeler Homestead. Four Swine, any age, get of one Boar—First, Westmoreland Davis; second, The Wheeler Homestead; third, Shorb Brothers. Four Pigs, any age, product of one Sow—First, The Wheeler Homestead; second, Shorb Brothers; third, Westmoreland Davis. Exhibition Herd—First, Westmoreland Davis; second, Shorb Brothers; third, The Wheeler Homestead. Breeders' Young Herd—First, Westmoreland Davis; second, The Wheeler Homes'ead; third, Shorb Brothers. Brood Sow and six pigs—First and second, Westmoreland Davis. Championship Boar, any age— Championship, Westmoreland Davis, reserve, The Wheeler Homestead. Championship Sow, any age—Championship, Westmoreland Davis; resei've, The Wheeler Homestead.

Essex—Breeders' Young Herd; Championship Boar, any age; Championship Sow, any age, Shorb, Brothers. (No other exhibitors in this breed.)

Victoria.—Boar, one year and under two; Boar, under six months; Sow, two years or over; Sow, one year and under two; Four Swine, any age, get of one Boar; Four Pigs any age, product of one Sow; Exhibitors' Herd, First; Championship Boar, any age, first; Championship

Wealth, Standard Bred Stallion, Blue Ribbon, Virginia State Fair.—I. J. Coffin.

two; Championship Boar, any age, Shorb Brothers. (Only exhibitor in this breed.)

Essex.—Boar, one year and under two; Boar six months and under twelve; Sow two years and over; Sow six months and under twelve; Sow, six months old and under twelve; Four swine, any age, get of one Boar; Four Pigs, any age, product of one Sow, First, Shrob Brothers. (Only exhibitor in this breed.)

SHEEP.

Southdowns.—Exhibited by F. W. and W. A. McCoy, of Mercer, Pa., winning all firsts and seconds in class.

Leicesters.—Exhibited by F. W. and W. .A McCoy, of Mercer, Pa., winning all the awards in class.

Cotswold Sheep—Exhibited by G. J. Campbell, of Ober-lin, O., and S. V. McDowell, of Fredonia, Pa. Aged Rams— G. J. Campbell, first; S. V. McDowell, second. Rams, one year and under two—S. V. McDowell, first; G. J.

Sow, any age, G. J. Campbell, Oberlin, Ohio. (No other exhibitors in this breed.)

Small White Yorkshires.—Boar, one year and under

Dorset Sheep, Morven Park—Virginia State Fair.

Campbell, second. Rams, under one year—G. J. Campbell, first; S. V. McDowell, second. Ewes, two years and over—S. V. McDowell, first; G. J. Campbell, second. Ewes, one year and under two—G. J. Campbell, first and second. Ewes, under one year, G. J. Campbell, first and second. Flock—G. J. Campbell, first S. V. McDowell, second. Get of Ram—G. J. Campbell, first; S. V. McDowell, second. Best Ram—G. J. Campbell, first, S. V. McDowell, second. Best Ewe—S. V. McDowell, first; G. J. Campbell, second.

American and Spanish Merino—Two exhibits: H. H. Jobe and Watt Lovett. Rams, two years and over—H. H. Jobe, first and second. Rams, under one year—H. H. Jobe, first W. Lovett, second. Rams, one year and under two— H. H. Jobe, first and second. Ewes, two years or over— H. H. Jobe, first; W. Lovett, second. Ewes, one year and under two—W. Lovett, first; H. H. Jobe, second. Ewes, under one year—Jobe, first; W. Lovett, second. Flock— H. H. Jobe, first; W. Lovett, second. Ram, and age—H. H. Jobe, first; W. Lovett, second. Champion Ewe—W. Lovett, first; H. H. Jobe, second.

Shropshires — Exhibited by S. Shaffer, New Castle, Pa.; A. C. Fielder, De Graff, O.; G. J. Campbell Oberlin, O.; and J. D. Keiter, Xenia, O. Aged Rams—S. Shaffer, first; J. D. Keiter, second. Rams, one year and under two— A. C. Fielder, first; S. Shaffer, second. Rams, under one year—A. C. Fielder, first; G. J. Campbell, second. Ewes, two years and over—A. C. Fielder, first; J. D. Keiter, second. Ewes, one year and under two—A. C. Fielder, first; S. Shaffer, second. Flock—A. C. Fielder, first; S. Shaffer, second. Get of one Sire—A. C. Kieter, first and second. Best Ram—A. C. Fielder, first; S. Shaffer, second. Best Ewe—A. C. Fielder, first and second.

Delaine.—Exhibited by three breeders: Watt Lovett, H. H. Jobe, and T. I. Grace. Aged Rams—H. H. Jobe, first and second. Rams, one year, and under two—W. Lovett, first; H. H. Jobe, second. Rams, under one year— H. H. Jobe, first and second. Two-year Ewes—W. Lovett, first; H. H. Jobe, second. Ewes, one year—W. Lovett, first; H. H. Jobe, second. Ewes Lambs—H. H. Jobe, first; W. Lovett, second. Flock—W. Lovett, first; H. H. Jobe, second. Champion Ram—W. Lovett, first; H. H. Jobe,

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j

second. Champion Ewe—W. Lovett, first; H. H. Jobe, second.

Lincolns.—A. C. Fielder was the only exhibitor, winning all firsts and seconds in class.

Hampshire.—P. W. Arts being the only exhibitor, won all firsts and seconds.

Oxfordowns.—J. C. Williamson & Son, Slippery Rock, Pa., being the only exhibitors, won all firsts and seconds.

Rambouillet.—H. L. Nash, being the only exhibitor, won all awards on this breed.

Dorset Horn.—Ram, two years and over—H. H. Cherry, first; J. B. Swann, second. Ram, one year and under— H. H. Cherry, first; J. B. Swann, second. Ram, under one year—W. Diavis, first; H. H. Cherry, second. Ewe, two years or over—H. H. Cherry, first; J. B. Swann, second. Ewe, one year and under two—W. Davis, first; H. H. Cherry, second. Ewe, under one year, J. B. Swann, first; H. H. Cherry, second. Exhibitors' Flock—H. H. Cherry, first; W. Davis, second. Pen of four Lambs, get of one Ewe—W. Davis, first; H. H. Cherry, second. Champion Ram, any age—H. H. Cherry, first; W. Davis, second. Champion Ewe, any age—H. H. Cherry, first; W. Davis, second.

Cheviot.—Ram, two years or over—G. J. Campbell, first; S. V. McDowell & Son, second. Ram, one year and under two—S. V. McDowell & Son, first; G. J. Campbell, second. Ram, under one year—G. J. Campbell, first; S. V. McDowell & Son, second. Ewe, two years or over—G. J. Campbell, first; S. V. McDowell & Son, second. Ewe, one year and under two—S. V. McDowell & Son, first; G. J. Campbell, second. Ewe, under one year—S. V. McDowell, first and second. Exhibitors' Flock—S. V. McDowell & Son, first; G. J. Campbell, second. Champion Ram, any age— G. J. Campbell, first; S. "V. McDowell, second. Champion Ewe, any age—G. J. Campbell, first; S. V. McDowell & Son, second.

Angora Goats.—Ram, two years or over—Prewett Stock Farm, first; M. S. Valentine, second. Ram, one year and under two—H. G. Hunter, first; M. S. Valentine, second. Ram, under one year—H. G. Hunter, first; Prewett Stock Farm, second. Ewes, two years or over—M. S. Valentine, first; Prewett Stock Farm, second. Ewes, one year and under two—M. S. Valentine, first; Prewett Stock Farm, second. Ewes, under one year—M. S. Valentine, first; Prewett Stock Farm, second. Breeders' Flock of Angora Goats to consist of four Angora Kids of either sex, the get of one Buck, bred by the exhibitor, winner of silver cup, M. S. Valentine.

STATE FAIR NOTES.

If the weather which prevailed throughout the entire week had been made to order by the management, it could not have been improved upon.

President Stuart was a heavy exhibitor this year. In addition to horses and a good Shorthorn herd, he showed a pen of grass-fed steers.

The great sweepstakes Shorthorn bull, Whitehall Marshall, owned by the Elmendorf Farm, Lexington, Ky., was undoubtedly the greatest attraction in the beef cattle barn. This bull, by the way, defeated his sire, Whitehall Sultan, at the International last year.

Some visitors expressed surprise that there was such a splendid herd of Red Poll cattle in the State as was exhibited by H. M. Luttrell, Delaplane, Va. His great herd bull, Waterboy, was pronounced by competent critics as the smoothest, if not the best bull, in the entire show.

Another Red Poll herd on exhibition, and which will be heard from in the near future, is that of Mr. M. M. Jarman, at Elkton, Va. His cattle were not in show ring condition, having just come off grass for the show. His grit, how-

ever, was rewarded by getting into the ribbons, which goes to show that his cattle are all right.

Mr. E. B. White, of Selma Stock Farm, Leesburg, Va., was particularly fortunate in landing the championship cup and all of the Percheron Society ribbons with his stable of Percherons.

The three-year-old Percheron stallion, Retard, exhibited by the McLaughlin Bros., Columbus, 0., took the blue in his class, and was pronounced by many to be the best three-year-old seen in these regions.

The Diamond V Ranch won the silver cup offered by the American Angora Goat Association for breeders' flock of Angoras. Mr. Mann S. Valentine, the proprietor, had the whole side of a house plastered with ribbons won by his flock, in which were included two specials, four blues and two reds, won at the Kansas City Show.

The exhibit of Farm Demonstration Work made by Director T. O. Sandy, was a very beautiful one, and was greatly admired. Prettly nearly everything in the shape of farm crops grown by the demonstrators was shown.

The Manlove Selfopening Gate was shown in actual operation on the grounds. Mr. G. B. Manlove, of the Manlove Gate Co., Chicago, was in charge. Many of our readers are familiar with this useful and attractive device.

Mr. J. McK. Merryman was on hand as usual with a nice lot of Guernsey cattle. Mr. Merryman has come to "be regarded as one of the fixtures of the fair. The management decided to make him useful as-well as ornamental, and pressed him into service as one of the judges of the races.

A newcomer in the ranks of Guernsey exhibitors this year was Mr. A. R. Scott, of Henrico county. His fine young bull was blue-ribbon bedecked when we passed the stall.

Dr. W. J. Quick, as superintendent of the Live Stock, found plenty to keep him busy. His services, however, appeared eminently satisfactory to all concerned.

The Virginia Polytechnic Institute had a splendid exhibit under the direction of Dr. S. W. Fletcher. The farmers found plenty to instruct them at this exhibit. This institution is doing good work for the farmers, and they are learning to appreciate it more and more.

Among the unique exhibits at the fair was that of Wild Turkeys, made by Mr. R. L. Blanton, Richmond, Va. One pair weighed 57 pounds, the torn weighing 35, and the hen -22 pounds. It may startle some to know it, but it is nevertheless a fact, that he sold a pair for an even $100.00."

The herd of Scotch Highland cattle exhibited by F. I. Grace, of New Hampshire, attracted no end of attention. These queer looking little creatures with their shaggy coats and wide horns were a novel sight to thousands of visitors. Mr. Grace also had a nice herd of French-Canadian cattle which, by the way, are the first to be exhibited in Virginia.

Mr. John Butler Swann was among the newcomers at the fair this year. He was quite an extensive exhibitor in the Horse, Sheep and Swine departments. His Clydesdale suckling colt was much admired. It was certainly a lusty youngster, and should make a splendid horse.

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Both his sire and dam were first and champion and reserve champions at the Chicago International in 1906.

Speaking of fine young colts, Dr. J. G. Ferneyhough certainly had a good one in the shape of his yearling, son of that great old Hackney Stallion, the General. This was a beautiful, smooth, round and well made colt.

The Shetland Pony exhibit this year was a large one. We noticed that instead of attracting the children only, there was quite a crowd of grown-ups about their quarters most of the time. The four-in-hand team of Hon. Carl H. N'olting, of Louisa county, attracted a lot of attention.

How would you like to own a few teams of mules like that pair exhibited by Joseph Lassiter, which weighed 2,800' pounds? That was certainly a splendid draft team. Frank Cotton was on hand as usual with his Cotton Hill herd of Shorthorns. His herd made a good many friends in the East, and his chief herd bull, Lucky Pride, was greatly admired.

In the aged Dorset ram class, the fact was developed that the three entries made by Messrs. John Butler Swann and Westmoreland Davis, of Virginia, and H. H. Cherry, of Ohio, were all imported from W. R. Flowers' English flock. Mr. Swann got the blue with "Romulus," and Mr. Davis the red with "Morven's Best." When the get-of-sire class was reached, Mr. Davis took the blue handily. The implement and machinery dealers had a most extensive exhibit, in which was included all of Richmond's most prominent firms. Hening and Nuckols were under a large tent, -and all sort of machinery was in full blast. The striking feature of this exhibit was the Frick thresher with weigher, bagger and wind stacker attachment in full operation. Mr. R. E. Griffith of the Frick Company showed this machine to the farmers.

The Implement Company had a good exhibit, which was well located. Its enormous tent did not begin to hold all the stuff it was showing. The Imperial Chill Plow, the Farmer's Favorite Drill were being shown off by a representative from their respective houses, and they proved of valuable assistance to Mr. L. R. Spencer of that Company, who was in charge of the exhibit.

W. K. Bache Sons & Mulford were giving numerous practical illustrations of gasoline engines, fodder shredders, etc. Frominent in this exhibit was that of the South Bend Chilled Plow Company. Their house-man was also on hand to assist this firm in showing off its wares to advantage. Every time we passed this exhibit we saw a crowd of interested spectators.

The Watt Plow Company held up its end of the line splendidly. Their exhibit was quite extensive and included practically every useful piece of machinery for the farmer. This Company had splendid outside help in the shape of Sharpies Separator man, John Deere Plow Company, and the Syracuse Plow Company's representative. Saw mills, grinding mills and all sorts of machinery were in full operation, the power being furnished by gasoline and steam engines.

F. C. Hoenniger & Bros, had quite an exhibit; one ot its strongest features was the Fairbank Morse gasoline engine outfit. They also showed manure spreaders, cul-

tivators, plows and a lot of other useful machinery and tools.

Petersburg was represented very creditably by the Stockdell-Myers Hardware Company. The Foos and New Way gasoline engines were the features of the exhibit. This firm had an expert demonstrator in charge of their engines, and we think they are so satisfied with their experience that they will probably be back at our next Fair.

Sydnor Pump & Well Company had a splendid exhibit of hydraulic rams, compressed air machinery, well drilling outfits, and all kindred drills and machinery shown were in full operation. This firm always makes a good showing and their exhibits were favorably commented on by every one.

Ashton Starke had an excellent exhibit, which included Jacobson's engine, Red Jacket pump, wood saw machine, windmill, Old Dominion drills, manure spreaders and lots of other useful and up-to-date machinery.

The International Harvester Company made a splendid showing of its well-known line of machinery. Grinding mills, cream separators, etc., in full operation, were the center of interest to a large number of farmers.

We hear some complaint from the implement men on the score of the lack of provisions being made for them by the Fair management. There was probably just ground for this complaint, though every body appreciated the fact that the Association has not had unlimited means at its disposal for the erection of its buildings or sheds for these men. However, something must certainly be done for th§m so as to give their goods ample protection against the elements, or they will certainly not be expected to take out a lot of high class machinery and vehicles and run the risk of having them ruined. We hope that President Stuart and Manager Lloyd will make a note of this for future reference.

Poultry awards will be found in the Advertising section.

SHEPHERD.

We were there—Southern Planter tent, Virginia State Fair.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

995

THE

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BY

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING CO.,

RICHMOND, VA.

ISSUED ON 1ST OF EACH MONTH.

J. F. JACKSON, Editor.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD, Business Manager.

B. W. RHOADS,

Western Representative, 844 Tribune

Building, Chicago, 111.

MANCHESTER OFFICE. W. J. Carter, 1102 Hull Street.

ADVERTISING RATES Will be furnished on application.

The SOUTHERN PLANTER is mailed to subscribers in the United States, Mexico and island possessions at 50 cents per annum; all foreign countries, 91; the city of Richmond and Canada, 75 cents.

REMITTANCES should be made direct to this office, either by Registered Letter or Money Order, which will be at our risk. When made otherwise we cannot be responsible.

SUBSCRIBERS failing to receive their paper promptly and regularly will confer a favor by reporting the fact at once.

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us «n any agricultural topic. We are always pleased to receive practical articles. Rejected matter will be returned on receipt of postage.

N-o anonymous communications or enquiries will receive attention. Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, RICHMOND, VA.

ENTERED AT THE POST-OFFICE AT RICHMOND, VA., AS SECOND-CLASS MAIL MATTER.

\<mns m\

The deanest.liqhtest and most comfortable

POMMEL SLICKER

At the same time cheapest in the end because it wears longest

$ 359 Everywhere

Every garment guaranteed waterproof Catalog

PUBLISHERS' NOTES.

TO ADVERTISERS. Please bear In mind that we must have all copy or instructions for advertisements by the 25th of each month without fail. Every month we are compelled to omit advertising in large volumes for the simple reason that copy does not reach us in time.

A NEAT BINDER. If you will send thirty cents to our business office, we will send you a neat binder made of .substantial Bristol board, in which you can preserve an entire volume of the Southern Planter. Many of our readers find there a useful device, as they always save their copies for reference.

WHOSE MONEY? On August 2.1st we received $1.00 in one of our return envelopes, postmarked, Painters, Va., without any name or address attached. We are, of course, unable to give the sender credit.

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.

Farmers' Automobiles are advertised by the Black Mfg. Co.

DeKalb Fence Co. has a couple of advertisements in this issue.

C-. M. Ditto offers 'his well-known feed grinders again this season.

J. F. Gaylord is advertising his Defender Spray Fump in another column.

M. T. Phillips starts the season's advertising of the Keystone Dehorn-er this month.

The Buckeye Feed Mill Co. has an advertisement in another column to which attention is invited.

The Acme Harrow, made by Duane H. Nash, Inc., is prominently advertised this month.

F. G. Street & Co. is advertising a preparation for the control of the San Jose scale.

The Peruvian Guano Corporation has a prominent announcement on another page.

M. M. Sutherland is offering 350 Angora goats in this issue.

The Silver Mfg. Co. resumes the advertising of the Ohio ensilage cutter this month.

Mai. Geo. Chrisman offers some finely bred Shorthorns; look up the advertisement.

Note change in the advertisement of the Hygeia herd of Holstein cattle.

Look up the announcement of Mor-ven Park this month.

Richmond Abattoir announces a

Poultry Supplies,

If you want eggs during the winter, you must feed Animal Foods, such as

Meat Meal, Beef Scraps, Blood Meal,

Bone Meal,

to take the place of the insects, worms, etc., which poultry get in summer. OYSTER SHELLS and GRIT are also prime necessities..

Write for Prices and Catalogue idling what to use for Success ana Profit •with Poultry.

T.W. Wood & Sons, Seedsmen,

RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA.

We carry complete stocks of Cyphers'

Incubators and Brooders, Poultry

Foods, Egg Producers, Lice and

Insect Powders, Poultry

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Helpful Catalogue mailed free.

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Most complete and instructive book of its character ever published in the South. It pictures and describes every part and particular o£ the greatest line of positively High-Grade Sewing: Machines ever offered. We are the largest Sewing Machine distributors in the South, and, at prices asked, for quality guaranteed, our Machines are un-xnacchable. This catalogue describes and prices high-grade Pianos, Organs, Steel Ranges, Cooking" Stoves, Heating Stoves, Phonographs, Dinner and Toilet Sets. Prompt shipments, safe delivery and, satisfaction guaranteed, or your money back.

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Special attention paid to out-of-town accounts. Correspondence invited. Three per cent. Interest Allowed In Savings Department

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THE SODTHEKX PLANTER

[November,

Don't Linger

Louder

but consider now the proposition we name you; the use of the best separator made—

and if it doesn't fulfill our claims, the trial is on us.

The Tubular skims to a trace; is easy to fill, clean, oil and handle; and it will positively pay for itself within a year. Furthermore, dairying with a Tubular insures a sure and steady income.

All of our agents allow a free trial-—if you find one who won't, —write us. Anyway, send for our free catalog 290it will interest you.

TGE SHARPLES SEPARATOR CO., West Chester, Penna. Toronto, Can. £a:i Francisco, Calif. Chita

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Buys This Large Handsome Nickel Trimmed Steel Range

3 without warming closet or jl reservoir. With high warm j ing closet, porcelain lined

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IR TERMS HI

most liberal ever made. You can pay afteryou receive the rangre. You can take it into your home, it SO days. If you don't find it exactly as represented, the biggest bargain you ever saw equal to stoves retailed for double our price, ireturn it to us. We will pay freight both ways. iNVito Tnrfav for our beautifully Illustrated Stove) ir»P luuciy catalog No. S221; a postaicard will do. 150 styles to select from. Don't buy until you get it.

MARVIN SMITH CO., CHICAGO, ILL.

National Field and Hog Fence

RANGER

gives best service, lasts longest, causes no trouble. Don't buy a fence until you have written about this, our YfllMlBir M * M * G - Poultry Fence, nUMANr Htrr] Web ticket Fence ""- or Ranger Barb Wire. Teli us what you require and

REVOLVING fBARBLrVIRE a^ e 7™cZ m apecM

OeKolb Fence Co., DeKalb, II). Kansas CHy, Mo.

change in the price of Rarva Meat Meal. See the ad.

Quality Poland-Chinas are offered by H. B. Bush & Bro.

Parties desiring white poultry, turkeys and ducks can have their wants filled by the White Poultry Yards.

J. B. Gray, the veteran Poland-China breeder, has a card in this issue.

DON'T NEGLECT THIS.

For the next few weeks most of our readers will be making preparations for getting stock into winter quarters. But whether you bring the stock up early or late, there is one thing that should not be neglected, and that i s a treatment to kill lice and other parasites. No matter how clean the animals were in the spring, there are many ways for them to become infested. If you will take the precaution of going over them this fall, you may save yourself a peck of trouble and some good money later on.

One or two lousy or mangy calves will by midwinter or early spring get the whole herd in bad condition. No one can estimate the loss and disappointment that results from trying to bring such animals through the winter. It is a shameful waste of feed and abuse of animals at anytime and, with all kinds of provender as high as at present, the waste is just so much greater. Then, when spring comes, a month or six weeks is required to get them "started."

A gallon or two of Kreso Dip No. 1, that can be bought of any druggist, will do wonders in getting rid of lice, curing mange and other skin diseases. Mix the dip with water according to the directions on the can. Put the animals in a stall or chute, and go over them with a sprayer (be careful to spray against the hair) or sprinkling can. If the latter is used, take a broom or stiff brush and scrub the solution in vigorously. Pay particular attention to the inside of the legs, flanks, etc., where lice are likely to be most numerous.

Some good pointers about this work of killing lice and disinfecting, illustrations of various kinds of lice and suggestions regarding diseases are given in a little book being sent out by Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich., manufacturers of Kreso Dip No. 1. Every reader of this paper should write for a copy, and make preparations to give the lice a lively reception when the stock is brought in for winter.

Sullivan Co., Tenn., Feb. 14, 1908

The Southern Planter is always

richly freighted with wise thoughts

and suggestions for the betterment ot

all the farm interests of all sections

DR. M. M. BUTLKK.

You Mm Have it **« FREE

Write us today so we can mail you this book, a valuable addition to any farmer's library. This handy, pocket sized book, entitled—"Preparation of the Soil" contains articles by high authorities on ttiis subject, and to study it will mean larger and better crops for you. Among other thincs the writers tell of the vast importance of thorough harrowing.

They tell how to do the work best and why best results are obtained by using

™ PuBverizing Harrow, Clod is Crusher and Leveler

This is the only harrow that will crush, cut, turn, smooth and level, ail in one operation. It is low in price, made entirely of steel and irunand is favorably known everywhere as "the harrow of all work,-' being adapted to all soils, under all conditions. The knives cut through to the undersoil, chopping the buried trash but never dragging it to the surface.

Ask your dealer about it. Where we have no dealer we skipdirect. But hrst—Write for the Free Book. Do it now. Your name and address on a postal will do.

DUANE H, NASH, Inc., 146 Central Ave.

It's Easiest on Horse and Man

Millington, N. J.

Sizes From

3 Ft. to

m/ 2 Ft. Wide

The Improved

Screw Stump Puller

Writ* for Prices

Chamberlln Mfg. Co., Olean, N. T.

THE CAMBRIDGE

CORRUGATED Land Roller and Pulverizer.

THE BEST IN THE WORLD

Used by the State Test Farm, Virginia Agricultural College, Sweet Briar Institute, Miller M. L. School and some of the best farmers in the State.

Address: R F. HARRIS & CO., Charlottesville, Virginia.

Please mention the Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

997

HISTORICAL WRITERS OF THE SOUTH.

By Mary Washington.

Alexander Brown.

Mr. Alexander Brown who has of late years acquired such a high standing as a student of history and of genealogy, and as an author, was born in Nelson county, Virginia, September 5, 1843, and died there in August, 1906. He came of a scholarly and intellectual stock, inheriting on one side of the house the combined blood of the Cabell and Rives family. His father's mother was sister of the distinguished Wm. C. Rives, and granddaughter of Col. William Cabell, of Union Hill, the friend and contemporary of Washington. Mr. Alexander Brown, on his father's side of the house, was of Scotch descent, his grandfather Brown, after whom he was named, being a native born Scotchman, and possessing a fair share of the intelligence and scholarly turn of mind so observable in that nation.

Mr. Brown received his early education from private tutors in Nelson, afterwards attending the school of Horace W. Jones, in Charlottesville, and the Lynchburg College. He enlisted in the Confederate Army at the outbreak of the war, remaining in it till its close. He then went into a store in Washington city, where he remained several years, and then went into one in Nelson county.

In 1873, he married Caroline A. Cabell, youngest daughter of the late Mayo Cabell, of Union Hill, an exquisite young creature, who only survived her marriage a few years. In the profound gloom induced by her death, Mr. Brown, seeking to distract his thoughts, turned his attention to the genealogy of the Cabell family and others allied with it, and to the study of early Colonial history. On the latter subject he pursued his investigations so keenly and thoroughly that they took shape in a very valuable historical work, entitled "The Genesis of the United States," and published in 1890 in two large volumes. This book is of great value to students, and is a very serviceable addition to college libraries. Mr. Brown took an infinity of pains in arranging and collecting materials for this work, entering into correspondence with various learned individuals and societies from whom he procured the loan of valuable manuscript never before published.

The work as originally prepared by Mr. Brown contained an appendix to each chapter, especially devoted to early and hitherto unpublished details of the history of Virginia, but he wisely concluded to strike out these appendices and make a separate work of them, which he did later, publishing it a few years afterwards.

His most important work was "The Cabells and Their Kin' (published in

1 he Best Investment

of $1.75

for your Family.

The fifty-two issues of 1909 will give for $1.75 as much good

reading as twenty 400-page books of fiction, travel, biography, etc.,

costing ordinarily $1.50 each. Send for Free Sample Copies of the

Paper and Illustrated Announcement for 1909.

FREE to

Jan. 1909

EVERY NEW SUBSCRIBER who at once cuts out and sends this slip (or the name of this publication) with $1.75 for the 52 issues of The Youth's Companion for 1909 will receive

All the remaining issues for 1908, F^W^ ¥^ T* including the beautiful Holiday Num- W* w€ H p bers for Thanksgiving and Christmas, * * * M^Mu

The Companion Calendar for 1909, ¥^¥\1" , ¥^ entitled "In Grandmother's Garden," a r* wS tfl w* picture 8x24 in., printed in I 3 colors, * K^MURU

Then The Youth's Companion for the 52 weeks of 1909—a library of the best reading for all the family.

THE YOUTH'S COMPANION, BOSTON, MASS.

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FOLDING SAWING MACHINE CO., 158-164 E. Harrison St., Chicago, Illinois

THE SOUTHEEK PLANTER

[November,

barg/ims in 2nd Hand Machinery.

THE WATT PLOW COMPANY,

Richmond, Va. 1—15 H. P. (8x10 cylinder) Pitts Engine and boiler. Mounted on Steel Wheels.

1—No. 1 Lane Saw Mill with Richmond Iron Works Feed, 48-inch inserted Tooth Saw and all necessary belts. In first-class order.

1—No. 3. Farquhar Cable Feed Saw Mill with three Head Blocks and 50-inch Inserted Tooth Saw. As good as new.

1—5 H. P. Peerless Engine and Boiler

1—20 H. P. Geiser Engine and Boiler on wheels in first class condition.

1—15 H. P. Geiser Engine and Boiler on wheels in good condition.

1—12 H. P. Geiser Engine and Boiler on wheels in good condition.

1—12 H. P. Ames Engine and Boiler on wheels.

1—No. 1 American Saw Mill with saw and belts as good as new,

1—2nd hand American Combined Lath Mill and Bolter; in first-class condition; used three or four months.

1^-4-inch, 4-sided Molder.

We invite your correspondence and will gladly give any information desired.

THE WATT PLOW CO.,

7426 E. Main SI., Richmond, Va,

OKU

| Prepaid to Your Depot

Here's a hand-mill that always pleases. A larger and better mill for the money than any other. Grinds corn, wheat, rice, coffee, hominy, etc. Instantly adjusted to grind as fine or I coarse as desired. Fine for cracking grain forpoultry.

Black Hawk GRIST ftiILL

turns easy (see long: crank) prrinds fast. Very dura ble, nothing 1 to get out of order. "Write now for free book. A. H. PATCH, Mir. Hand : Mills and Corn Shellera xclusivtdy. Agents wanted. Clarksville, Tenn.

MAKE Y00R OWN

The Awl For All

Save the money vou pay the harness m;„. by using Myers' Lot

Stitch Awl. It stitches both sides like a sewing machine and mends harness, saddles, shoes, fur coats, robes, canvas, gloves, carpets, etc., perfectly.. Something constantly needed, always ready for use and costs onlyfl.OO prepaid. If your dealer hasn't it write us direct. Kettersiill, secure the agency and make money. Agents wanted. Booklet Efree.

C.A. MYERS CO., 6537 Woodlawn Ave., Chicago

Please mention the Southern Planter.

1895, by Houghton & Mifflin), a book interesting not only to the families directly treated of, but also to the general reader on account of the light it throws on Colonial and later times, by its copious references to old family 'diaries, letters and papers. As the Cabells were allied with nearly every leading family in old Virginia, there are few of these not touched on in Mr. Brown's pages. Where there was not intermarriage, there was, at least, a connection, as in the case of Judge William H. Cabell and the Hon. William Wirt, who married sisters, Agnes and Elizabeth Gamble. From studying the genealogy of the Cabell and the innumerable families intermarried with them, Mr. Brown diverged into a general study of the genealogy of all the leading families in America, and acquired so high a reputation in this line that persons, far and wide, both North and South, applied to him for enlightenment and assistance about making out their family tree.

Another of Mr. Brown's works is "English Politics in Early Virginia History," in which volume he follows the line of historical exposition so successfully maintained in "The Genesis of the United States." Unlike most writers on the beginnings of our Colonial life, Mr. Brown seeks the origins of popular government back in old England. Above all, he tries to show how James the First and his officials suppressed the truth of history, so that due credit has never been given to "the patriot party" in its work of establishing a Constitutional Government for Jamestown Colony in 1609.

In 1886, Mr. Brown married again, his second wife, Miss Sarah Randolph Cabell, being the sister of his first. In October, 1901, his busy, active brain and pen were suddenly called to a sudden halt, he being stricken with paralysis, from which he never rallied except to a very limited extent, so unfortunately both for himself and the public, the career of this fine scholar was cut short. He died in August, 1906. after nearly five years of ill health.

Dr. Edward Eggleston.

I feel that we Virginians have a half claim to Dr. Eggleston, although he was born in Indiana, but his father was a Virginia lawyer who moved to Indiana, where Edward was born in 1837.

Dr. Eggleston began his literary career bv becoming editor of "The Sunday School Teacher," in Chicago, the circulation of which rose from 5,000 to 35.0'00 under his charge. A few years later he made a marked hit with "The Hoosier School Master," which he followed up with other works of fiction, but towards the close of his life, he betook himself to writing history, searching into early periods of American history of which the least is known. So close and faithful were his investigations that

SECOND HAND

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4% Horsepower Fairbanks-Morse Pumping Engine for deep well work.

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DEPARTMENT B. RICHMOND, - VA.

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You can buy custom-made r r oak-tanned harness direct from bur factory at wholesale prices _ou save two profits—the jobber'; and dealer's. Write for onr new illustrated catalogue and sector yourself just how much money yon can save. All our harness is guaranteed, and we leave you to be the judge. If you'renot satisfied,money back. Every farmer should have our booklet. Write to-day and ask for catalogue O.

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THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

999

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Get our interesting "Black Motor Buggy" Book about the only motor buggies that are good city or country road "mudders" and "hill climbers" and built for practical use. No jarring—No blowups on tires—Speed 2 to 25 miles an houi—Run 30 miles on one gallon o* gasoline—Safe—Reliable — Especially equipped for professional use—10 horse power—"Get there" and "back again"' every trip, and save time, worry and expense. Right prices and terms. Write for Book A-221

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he is said by scholars to have come closer to the truth and revealed more of it to his readers than any of his predecessors in those lines. This historical work was entitled "The Beginners of a Nation, and the Transit of Civilization." He had published two volmes of it, and had made a start on the third, when death cut short his work in the autumn of 1902. James D. McCabe.

James D. McCabe, was born in Richmond, Virginia, about the year 1840 1 , and has written the following historical works:

"Life of Stonewall Jackson, by an Ex-Cadet," 1863 (a few months after Jackson's death).

"Life and Campaigns of Robert E. Lee," over 700 pages, with steel plates and maps, published by Ble-lock & Co., of New York and New Orleans, 1867.

"Memoirs of Gen. A. S. Johnston," from materials received from the son, staff and personal friends of Gen. Johnston. 1864.

Mr. McCabe was also a large contributor to "The Grey Jacket," a compilation of the romance, wit and humor of the late war. He was also a joint contributor to "The Bohemian," a Christmas book, published in the winter of 1863, a composite volume written by Mr. and Mrs. McCabe and Mr. Charles Diivintry, the talented New Orleans writer, each contributing about equally.

Mr. McCabe's active and versatile pen has also contributed largely to periodical literature, in stories and poems. Amongst the latter, "The Sword of Harry Lee," is the best known and most popular. He is first cousin to the distinguished literary man, author, poet, and educator, Mr. William Gordon McCabe, of Richmond, Virginia.

OF VALUE TO HORSEMEN.

Do you turn your horses out for the winter? If so, we want to call your attention to a very important matter. Horses which have been used steadily at work, either on the farm or road, have quite likely had some strains whereby lameness or enlargements have been caused. Or perhaps new life is needed to be infused into their legs. Gombauit's Caustic Balsam applied as per directions, just as you are turning the horse out, will be of great benefit; and this is the time when it can be used very successfully. One great advantage in using this remedy is that after it is applied it needs no care or attention, but does its work well and at a time when the horse is having a rest. Of course, it can be used with equal success while horses are in the stable, but many people in turning their horses out would .use Caustic Balsam if they were reminded of it, and this article is given as a reminder.

r&* Let Us Send You *s*t

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about Rood wheels and good wagons that wtl) t»v» you a lot of work and make you a lot ot utonejr — tha

ELECTRIC STEES. WHEELS

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STEEL WHEELS

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EMPIRE MFG. CO., Box 140 AH.

Qoincy, 111.

ffin a day may 9 IU be earned by a man using our machinery. Some earn more. FULL LINE for prospecting lor water, coal, mineral, oil, etc. Any DEPTH, any DIAMETER. PUMPS also. Free catalogue.

THE AMERICAN WELL WORKS AURORA, ILL., U.S. A.

BRANCH OFFICES

Chicago, III., First National Bank Building New York, N. T., 2-4 Stone St. San Francisco, Cal., 305 Market St. New Orleans, La., J. H. Menge&Co. R. B.Wbltacre & Co., 205 Robert St., St.Paul.MInn. Dallas, Texas Joplin, Mo.

vlET Al,

•JOTHERS.

Complete Fireproof Hatching and Brooding Plant for $7.(0; two quarts of oil will hatch and brood the chicks. Our nest system is the latest discovery. Full line of p ou 11 r y supplies. Lo-west prices. Free atalogue. "Write to-day.

CYCLE HATCHER CO., Bex 40*, Klmlra, New York.

lake Your Own Fertilizer

at Small Cost with . WILSON'S PHOSPHATE MRU

Prom 1 to40HP. AlsoBons Cotters, hand and powai for the poultrymen; grtt and shell mills, farm feeii mills, family grist mlllc. scrap pake mills. Seadfei oar catalog. \

wiisro em Sate ffn* Eatfn, h.

Wheels. Freight Paid $8 75

for 4 llnggr 11 li.il-, Sled Tim. on. Wi.n Kubber Tires, $15.80. Itufg. whee!« H 10 4 in. tread. Rubber Tire T..U KliKKlrk. $41; l liirne., . $6. Write Tor catalog.

Learn how to buy dlrert. Repjilr Wheels, $5.60.

WagouUiubre.laKKIih. W. V,BOOb,» Iniiiinali.O.

THE SOUTHERN PLAiVTEE

[November,

PAGEFENCE

Quarter-Centennial or "Jubilee Year." Write for Jubilee Catalog—FREE

The oldest "Woven Wire Fence

on the market is now celebrating its "Jubilee Year." A hand-i some "Jubilee Edition" Fence . Book has been issued for wide-j spread distribution.

Gives the wonderful history of Page Fence—tells how it is made of genuine High-Carbon, Basic Open-Hearth Steel, in Page Mills aud Factories. Explains the remarkable elasticity and resiliency of the wires. Shows how Page Fence is woven on Page Looms into the most enduring wire fence the world has ever known. Fully illustrated. Handsomely printed and bound. A buok every reader of th : s paper should own. Don't buy fence at any price until you read the ''Jubilee Edition" Page Catalug. Send now I

PAGE WOVEN WIRE FENCE CO., Bos 51B Adrian, Mich.

A WELL KEPT FARM

I should always have^

I Hs fences in good order. The fence question can* be settled per-

| manentiy by erecting a '

SUPERIOR WIRE FENCE

| No more repairs — no more ex-' pense. It always stays tight and "" will be perfectly good when you are ready to retire and turn the farm over to your children. Also " Steel Gates for every purpose.

Prices Low Easy Terms

Let us send our Free catalog explaining how we can gi 'e such extraordinary fence value for so little money. THE SUPERIOR FENCE CO. .

Dept. J Cleveland, Ohio |

The heaviest strongest, best galvanized fence made. A more substantial, stockresisting, time-defying fence was never stapled to posts.

Free sample with catalog showing 150 styles at prices from 15c per rod up and full particulars-free on request. WE PAY FREIGHT

\v*e will send you asample of our all No, 9 wire fence. You cm test it any way you like. File it and see how thick the galvanizing. The "BROWN" will commend Itgeli to you. Itis the best. Free Catalog.

The BROWN Fence & Wire Co.

Dept. 68 Cleveland, Ohio.

SEIi

THE MONEY-SAYING FENOE

is the one which, bought at the right price, gives you the best service, lasts the longest, causes you no trouble.

NATIONAL FIELD AND HOG FENCE

is just that kind* Made of heavy, single wire, an incomparable lock,ciosemesh, as s'rong as a stone wall. i Don't buy a fence until you ■ have written us about this , and ourRanger Barb "Wire— ^ ■** a heavy, single wire with

taVQLYWtrlBAMRfc ^"reX anK'wul

name you delivered price.

DeKALB FENCE CO. DeKalb. III. Kansas City. Mo.

id e/^&s L^wi LAWN FENCE

:»j}4J£f?8©888&yw}Bft90 Manv designs. Cheap u wood. 82 page Catalogue free. Specia I Prices t* Churches and Cemeteries Coiled Spring Fence Co. Box Q Winchester Ind,

WMmmtfwm

Please mention the Southern Plantei

GAME PROTECTIVE ASSOCIATION OF VIRGINIA.

As the fall approaches interest throughout the country as to game protection and propagation increases. In the absence of a department of game in this State the Game Protective Association of Virginia is doing a splendid work educating the public on the subject of game protection and propagation.

The Association, with limited resources, spends its income in printed matter and postage. One thousand attractive linen posters giving seasons of various kinds of game and other valuable information have just been sent to the railroad depot agents, county clerks, etc. In addition to this several thousand instructive circulars and copies of the revised game law have been distributed. The membership fee in the Association is $1.00' per annum, which is spent for objects above mentioned.

The propagation of wild imported game birds, quail and pheasants in this State is becoming quite general. There are many plants in Virginia which raise from ten to one hundred pairs of these rare varieties,, which are generally used for stocking and should be protected.

The quantities of Chinese pheasants in Oregon and Washington, raised from a few birds brought to these States by a citizen a few years ago, illustrates what can be done. The same results can be had in Virginia, as these birds are easily raised, and are profitable as well as a pleasant pastime.

Attention is often directed to the many enemies of quail and game birds generally. The self-hunting dog, foxes, minks, hawks, etc., are destructive, but the greatest destroyer is the market hunter, men who devote their entire time from the beginning of the season to its close in shooting for market. This class, both white and black, depredating at will, respect the rights of no one. _

The Legislature last winter wisely passed an act making it unlawful to buy or sell pheasants, grouse, quail or partridges, woodcock and robins; therefore, the market hunter must find a vocation other than that of a common destroyer of birds. The economic value of these birds to agriculturists is becoming recognized. Every State in the Union, with but a few exceptions prohibits their being-bought and sold. All law-abiding citizens should see that this law is enforced, and remember that the seller is as guilty as the buyer.

The evil of the excessive bag should be discouraged. The practice of killing birds as long as they can be found should be classed as an offence against common decency.

There should be game wardens in every county, town and city in this State. Scarcely half of the counties in Virginia have wardens. The du-

Tornado

Feed and Ensilage

Cutteis supplied

for the prepara

tion ofall

k nds of rough

stock food either wilh Car-riers or Slowers, also

With Traveling- Feed Tables and Truck Mountings, when desired. Can equip machines with three kinds of cylinders, to accomplish all classes of work. A "Tornado" Machine, in cutting dry corn fodder, will save you money.

Our late catalog- sent for the asking. If interested, drop us a line.

Mfd. by W. R. HARRISON & CO., Massillon, Ohio.

[KEYSTONE j When a mechanical

I device helps the bank I account any stock-raiser should become interested.

'LEADS TO—*

Keystone Dehomer does it instantly. Clean, neat, uainleaB. Free booklet

M. T.PHILLIPS,

Boz 45, Pomeroy, Pa.

MORE

MILK

BETTER

BEEF

ENQINE8 FOR SALE.

Ten horse traction $250; 10 horse portable, $150; 12 horse portable. $200; 6 horse boiler and engine, $90; 1 horse gasoline engine, $40; 3 horse, $60; 6 horse, $125; 10 horse, $175. Boilers and engines from 1 to 100 horse carried in stock for immediate shipment. Cnsey Boiler Works, Springfield. Ohio.

PILLING

Cattle Instrument Case

'Easy to Use"—no Veterinary experience necessary. Contains S3.00 Milk Fever Outfit and eight other "Easy to Use" Cattle Instruments needed by every COW owner. Complete in Oak Case $10.00, regular value $15.00, sent prepaid with "Easy to Use" direc-tionson receipt of $10.00. Send for Free Booklet' 2B G. P. FILLING & SON CO., Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa.

'mam

THE NEW CENTURY GATE

an be opened or closed from ' your wagon by small child. No springs, no hinges, no cast f Lngs, no cog-wheels, no wood

C

.-it_.--.i-L- .__; ^V-V

no saging. no draging. So sira- sTC—H >r T -s

pie, so easy, no harness and almost no machinery; nothing to wear out or break, nothing to be getting out of fix. Not affected by drifting or deep snow, sleet or ice. Always ready for use and will last a life-time. A model of simplicity, durability and cheapness. If there is no Agent in your locality, please write New Century Steel, Wire _ Iron Works,

602 S. REGISTER ST. BALTIMORE, MO

ALWAYS IN ORDER

MANLOVE

Automatic Gate

Saves time, adds ^- to value, safety, beauty and pleasure of home. MANLOVE GATE CO., 272 E. Huron St., CHICACO, ILLS.

DON'T RBST FARM FENCE

Bold direct to farmers at manufacturers' prloes. Catalogue tree. Freight prepaid.

THE WARD FENCE CO. Bos 859 Decatur, Ind.

HOW TO BALE HAY aggi/SS

ing and Baling Presses are given in Dederick's Book. Sent free on application. P. K. Dederick's Sons 55 Tiv-olt St., Albany, N. Y.

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

1001

SHIP HE YOUR

OLD METALS

HIDES RUBBER

SCRAP IRON

Gar Lots a Specialty

,000

Hides Wanted

Write for Prices.

Satisfaction Guaranteed.

No Commissions.

Checks Sent Same Day Freight Bills Abe Masked Paid.

Clarence Cosby,

Established 1890.

RICHHOND, VA.

Largest Dealer IX

Serap Iron, Metals, Hides, Etc., in the South.

REFERENCES:

National Bank of Virgiai a, Bank of Richmond, Bradetreeta aod Dun.

ties of these officers may not be pleasant at all times, but supported by the good people of the neighborhood the task need not be very laborious. See that they are appointed in every county.

Very soon this State must have a Commissioner of game, paid wardens and a resident hunting license of, say, $2.00, which will yield $75,000.00 annually, a fund sufficient to meet all the needs of the department and put Virginia in the class with other progressive States. Largely over half of the States and provinces require a residence hunting license ranging from 75 cents to $5.00. One State with a dollar license tax collects in one year as much as $160,000.00.

The fish interest in Virginia also deserves decided attention. Our inland streams and rivers, once teeming with fish, furnishing the citizens an abundant supply of food, are practically depleted.

What we need is a fish and game commission to care for all these interests, such as exists in Maine, for example, with forty odd fish hatcheries, from which water ways of that State are not only properly stocked, but the fish afforded necessary protection. The income to the citizens of that State from non-resident sportsmen runs up into the millions.

Virginia with its variety of territory can afford its citizens a source of revenue greater than any State in the Union. The citizens of Virginia are appealed to for their earnest co-operation, and asked to cope with local conditions, that we may have proper laws passed, and have them enforced, and the public educated to appreciate game of all kinds, including fish, and assist in its protection and propagation.

This Association will do its part if given financial assistance. Therefore, we earnestly appeal to all persons interested in game, and bird protection generally to send us their names for enrollment, with one dollar.

You will be assisting in a good work.

Yours truly, L. T. CHRISTIAN', Secy.,

Richmond, Va. DR. J. B. FISHER, Prea., Midlothian, Va.

SUNNY HOME HERD OF ABERDEEN ANGUS CATTLE. Mr. A. L. French, Brydville, Va., owner of this herd, advises us that he recently sold to the North Carolina Department of Agriculture a very fine double Westertown Rose bull, to head their pure-bred herd at Edgecombe Farm. Mr. French has always had some very fine cattle, and we congratulate him on placing this herd bull where the Carolina farmers can see for themselves the kind of stock he breeds. Look up Mr. French's offerings in another column.

AGRICULTURAL LIME.

PLAIN ROCK

OR

SHELL LIME

BAGS OR BOLK

SPECIAL FINE HYDRATED LIME

FOR DRILLING.

If in the market for any grade and any quantity of

LAID LIME

Write for our price list and particulars

T. C. ANDREWS & CO., inc.

NORFOLK, .... vA.

Time to Paint

Let us quote you prices on Paint that will give you satisfaction. Color cards and all information cheer fully furnished. Write to-day. Llebernroth Bros. Richmond, Va.

egVgg&HQ** "efSb

^.PAINTS. OILS. VfcRNJSHtSjj-S'^/fy V- .0

Write for orices.

FUMA

kills Prairie Dogs, Wood-Chucks, Gophers and Grain Insects. "The wheels of the Gods grind alow, but exceedingly small." So the weevil, but you can stop their grind with FUMA CARBON HI-SCLPHIDE

*a others are doing. It fumigates poultry houses and kills hen lice. Edward R. Taylor, Penn Yan, N. Y.

KILL SAN JOSE SCALE WITH

nnnn'*t oavsric pot- cnap n/n <

James Good, 959 N. Front Street, Philadelphia.

Always mention The Southern Planter when writing advertisers.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

MAI li

if you can't call on us in person. We maintain a MAIL ORDER DEPARTMENT in charge of a man skilled in the line of interpreting orders by mail, with over 20 YEARS' EXPERIENCE in catering to the tastes and needs of our OUT-OF-TOWN CUSTOMERS. Our system of measurements is so simple that it's an easy matter to order; and we send goods anywhere on approval, which enables you to satisfy yourself about fit, quality and pattern before PAYING A PENNY ON THEM.

ft A word from you will bring our NEW, HANDSOMELY ILLUSTRATED STYLE BOOK to your address, together with SAMPLES of many of our leading patterns in Suits; tape measure, etc.' State wheiher MEN or BOYS' samples are wanted. (I. EVERY GARMENT STRICTLY GUARANTEED.

CWe handle the FINEST CLOTHES made in America, yet our prices are VERY LOW when you consider the quality.

MEN'S SUITS, ..... $12.50 Up.

BOYS' SUITS, $3.50 Up.

BOYS' WASH SUITS, . 95 cts. Up. ©.CLERICAL GARMENTS a Specialty.

H-

O.H.BERRY^CO

THE SOUTH'5 LARGEST

CLOTMIERY

RICHMOND, VA.^,^

Make Your Idle Money Earn You Interest

Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK

Of Richmond, Virginia, for information concerning its certificates of deposit so arranged that One Per Cent, may be collected every Four Month* through your nearest bank or store

Our experience proves this form foj savings to be the most satisfactory plan yet devised for deposits of $100 0i or more.

Our Capital and Earned Surplu* li

$1,600,000

John B. Pnrcell, President. Jno. M. Miller, Jr., Vlce-Pres. Cashier Chan. ft. Burnett, Asst. Cashier. J. C. Joplin, Asst. Cashier.

FARMERS

Insure Your Buildings, Live Stock,

Produce. Etc., in Virginia Division

FARMERS' MUTUAL BENEFIT

ASSOCIATION.

Best security. Property insured $500,000. Average cost per $1,000 pei year, $5.00. Territory limited to counties of Chesterfield, Amelia, Powhatan. Nottoway, Dinwiddle, Prince George. Surry, Charles City, New Kent and James City. For plan and membership write to

CHARLES N. FRIEND, General Agent

Chester, Va.

Organized January 9, 1899.

— ■ \

Slightly used Stemways; 1900 Model Lyon & Healys; and other remarkable Bargains. Lyon & Healy, 80 Adams St., Chicago. World's Largest Music House

PIANOS

Oar Great Re-Building Sale is Now in Progress I

Please mention the Southern Plants

A JOURNAL OF EASTERN TRAVEL.

"Traveller."

Article No. 2. Crossing the Pacific.

On October 2, 1905, we boarded "The Empress of India" at Vancouver for our Eastern trip. We drove to the boat in a pelting rain, and it was a pleasant contrast when we entered the brightly lighted saloon. We seemed all at once to have entered a new world of ife and animation. Most unexpectedly we found friends here, waiting to greet us and speed us on our way. In a jiffy the steward brought tea and we were cosily taking it when the Japanese Peace Commission arrived on board. This threw everything into a flutter and presented a most interesting spectacle. Baron Komura, the plenipotentiary, came first, looking very ill, and surrounded by physicians and nurses; then Baron Kaniko, special agent of the Government, followed by Mr. Sato, then secretaries and servants. Local Japanese magnates waited on them, and thus we got our first view of high caste Japanese people. They Ailed the ship with flowers and showered every attention on the returning emissaries who were easily the center of attention.

When our friends left us we went to get the mail and found a large packet of letters awaiting us. As we picked them up, an English lady standing near asked very eagerly: "Are they all for you?" "Yes," we replied. "Then I don't like you at all." she said. "Why?" we asked. "Because you have more mail than any one else," she said. We begged her not to be prejudiced, but to give us a fair trial, and later on we became excellent ship friends.

We had dinner while still at the pier, and it was a pretty function. The tables were beautifully laid, with flowers and colored lights, and the Chinese boys waited well and noiselessly in their flowing white robes. The passengers were gaily dressed, and the attendance "larger than it proved to be for several days following.

In the last mad rush, when everything was ready for departure, a telegram was handed us from home: "Don't go if you are frightened; just give up your passage and come home." But it was too late, the curtain had gone up, the play had begun, and we were determined to play our part with what spirit we could.

A maddening popping of fireworks came from the steerage, where hundreds of Chinese, returning to their home, were trying to appease the gods of the sea and secure themselves a good passage. Chains clanked, the anchor was raised and we dropped down the bay to the sea. Then began the first of many weeks we subsequently spent on the Facific. We were on the short, northern course to the East, where wind and wave run high, and we crossed at a season which is apt to be cold. Still we had a very

PATENTS SE Z»"h D s

i ni L.M l*»7 RETURNED

Send sketch for free report as to patentability. Guide Book and What to Invent, with valuable list of inventions wanted sent free. One million dollars offered for one invention; $16,000 for others. Patents secured by us advertised free in World's Progress. Sample free.

EVANS & WIL.KINS, 848 F Street, Washington, D. C.

PATENT w Yuu T INVENT.

Our three books, giving full information in patent matters and containing many valuable suggestions to inventors, mailed free. Write for them. Patent Obtained or Fee Returned.

No charge for opinion as to patentability; send sketch or node.l Patents advertised for sale free. Woodward & Chandlee, Attorneys, 1237 F St., "Washington, D. C.

WANTED -Bills to Collect -

in all portions of the United States, ^o collection, no charge. Ageneiei wanted everywhere; 25 year*' expectance. PALMORE'S COLLECTION <-nrTNTCy 911 Main St. Richmond V a .

BANK DEPOSITS GUARANTEED

by State of Oklahoma Guaranty

Fund. Your money absolutely safe.

We pay 4 per cent, on deposits.

Draw your money any time. Largest

State Bank in Okla. Capital $200,000.

Write for booklet C. X.

We sell 6 per cent. School, County

and City Bonds.

Oklahoma Trust C* , Mutkogce, Okla.

PIANOS AND OI-GAl^S.

After forty years in the Piano and Organ business, I desire to retire and take a rest. I have a large stock of New and Second Hand Instruments on hand that I desire to dispose of below the market price, cash or on time. Do you want a bargain? Address:

F. W. WALTER,

Staunton, Va.

ECZEMA

CAN HE CB'REl). My mild, soothing, guaranteed cure does it and FREE SAMPLE proves it. STOrS THE ITCHING and cures to stay. WHITE NOW—TODAY.

Dr. Cannday, 354 Park Sq., Sedalia, Mo.

A Great Discovery. DROPSY

CURED with vegetable remedies; removes all symptom of dropsy in 8 to 20 days; 30 to 60 days effects permanent cure. Trial treatment furnished free to every sufferer; nothing fairer. For circulars, testi-; monials and free trial treatment

H. H. GREEN'S SONS,

Atlanta, Ga.

Tell the advertiser where you sa-w his advertisement.

THE SOUTHEKK PLANTER

1003

Send Your Order For

SEEDS BULBS

and

POULTRY FOODS

to

DIGGS & BEADLES

THE SEED MERCHANTS

1709 E. Franklin St. RICHMOND, VA.

We are headquarters for superior Seeds of all kinds, also Poultry Foods and Supplies. Grit, Shells, Bone, etc. Write us for prices. Your correspondence solicited.

NtW WARD BLACKBERRY

ONE OP THE BUST. Fine stock of plants for fall de si?' ™ Send for descriptive circular of the Ward. For other nursery pro ducts send for general price list FRED SHOOSMITH, Hoyt, Pa„ as* Ch enter, Va, Address either office.

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE

for something I can use to better advantage. Nursery Stock to the amount of one hundred and fifty dollars. For particulars address: F. W. WALTER, Staunton, Va.

COW PEAS

a no SOJA BEAMS

New crop for sale. Write for prices. HICKORY SEED COMPANY, Hickory, N. C.

STRAWBERRY PLANTS.

Send $2 for 1000 plants—Excelsior, Lady Thompson, Aroma. Klondyke Gandy, etc.—first class stock, true to name. 5,000 enough for 1 acre, only $8. Cat. free.

JNO. MGHTFOOT, Dept, 7. East Chat-tnnoosrn. Tenn.

NOT SOLD.

The man who bought my Poultry Farm failed to make good. I am still doing business at the old place, but I want to sell because I want to devote all my time to building the best incubator in America. $3,000 will buy my 87 acre farm and everything that belongs to it, a fine lot of Leghorns included. Half cash. Do not write unless you mean business.

CAL HUSSEL.MAN, Highland Springs, Va. P. S. I have a few good S. C. W. Leghorn Cockerels for sale at $2 each this month.

fair passage, and every possible attention was paid to our comfort.

For the first few days we had an ideal sea—blue and calm, with bright skies above, and we glided along merrily over the waves. In the morning our room-boy, "Sing," in a spotless blue dress, would bring us rugs, pillows and books, and make us comfortable in our steamer chairs. We basked in the sun on the broad deck, and from our ''coigne of vantage" studied our fellow passengers. We had a good deal of pleasure out of our guesses about them, and doubtless afforded them an equal amount of amusement in return.

By degrees, the saloon passengers divided into groups, and we began to classify them. First in importance was the Peace Commission, which gave an official tone to things. The Barons were typical statesmen of Japan, quiet, self controlled and self contained. With them no on was encouraged to take any liberties. Mr. Sato was always elegant and polite, but as inscrutible on the Pacific as he had been to the New York reporters during the Peace Conference. One oi the most picturesque and honored members of the party was Komura's American nurse in her grey gown. The valets were perfect pictures of old family retainers. The secretaries were the life of the boat, being lively young gentlemen of foreign education. The style in which the party travelled, the large fees they gave, and their rich gifts of silver to the officers, gave us a foretaste of Oriental lavishness.

Numerically, the largest group on board were the missionaries. Every steamer to the East carries a large proportion of these people who are sometimes held responsible for the storms on the Pacific, which seems scarcely fair, for they are certainly the greatest sufferers from sea sickness. They go out in large family parties, and those who start from home single become engaged and marry on the way out. The missionary children on our ship had delightful times with their balls and water pistols, but some of them were constantly getting lost, and little George Washington kept getting under foot and tripping some one up.

Next to the missionaries came the business group, which included tea and opium merchants, tobacconists, dealers in precious stones and ivories, buyers of curios, engineers, doctors and other professional men. Then there were a few English officers with their families en route for India. We were ■ surprised to find how often they prefer to go throush America rather than by the Mediterranean and Red Sea route. A handful of globe trotters and two brides, bound for Yokohoma to meet their true loves, completed the list. Now ,1 am forgetting the Reprobate, and what is any boat without one? The scandal of our boat

RARE BARGAINS

IN

Northern VirginiaFarms

A Few Specimens:

No. 162. Contains 280 acres—80 acres in timber, balance cleared. This land is a splendid quality of grass, hay and corn land. It is smooth and level. Fronts on a good level road 3% miles from station. Farm is very well fenced and watered by streams with a good well at the house. About one acre in orchard, apples and peaches. Buildings: A new six-room house, barn 30x40 for horses and cows, corn crib and hen house. 75 acres of this land is in meadow. This a bargain for a progressive man. Price $5,000.

No. 172. Contains 315 acres—40 acres in oak and hickory timber; 5 miles from station, situated near the village; considered one of the best wheat and grain farms in Fairfax County. The land Is a little rolling; machinery can be run all over it. The land is all in good state of cutivation; well fenced and watered by springs and running streams. Improvements are a good 7-room house with elegant shade, good stable and all out-houses in good repair. Price $20 per acre.

No. 176. Contains 346 acres, about 70 acres in timber, mostly oak and hickory, situated 1 mile from store, school church, shops, etc.; 6 miles from R. R. station. This land is a little rolling and is a fine quality of chocolate clay soil, excellent for grass and grain of all kinds. Good orchard of about 200 apple trees. Farm is well fenced and watered by never failing streams. Spring in every field. Improvements: A good 2V 2 story dwelling with 8 large rooms, 4 attic rooms, basement, barn. 40x70, in good repair, other out-buildings, all in good condition; farm is located on good road, and about $10,000-is subscribed to macadamize this road to the railroad station. Price per acre,. $30.00.

No. 193. Contains 156 acres, smooth land, chocolate clay soil, with good stiff clay subsoil, just rolling enough to drain well, 30 acres.in good timber, balance cleared, watered by running stream, very well fenced. In good neighborhood located 7 miles from railroad station, in Loudoun county, sufficient fruit of all kinds for family use, 5-room house in fair repair, other small outhouses in good repair. Price $3,000.00.

No. 194. Contains 175 acres, 25 acres In good timber, balance is cleared, 9 acres in orchard in full bearing, good six-room house, old barn, good granary, hen houses, dwelling in a grand oak shaded lawn, spring at house, farm watered by streams and springs! situated on good pike. One hour's drive from Leesburg. Va. Owner is anxious to sell. Price $3,500.00.

Send for my Complete List,

Wm. Eads Miller,

HERND0N, VA.

THE SOUTHEKST PLANTEK

[November,

Attentio

HOMESEEKERS AND INVESTORS.

I sell and exchange Virginia Real Estate of all classes, such as Grain, Dairy, Fruit, Stock, Truck, Poultry and Bluegrass Farms, Village Homes and Business Places of all classes. The reason I make a specialty of the two suburban counties—Loudoun and Fairfax—they offer the homeseekers more advantages combined than any country known to me. This fine portion of Virginia, extending from the national capital to the top of the Blue Ridge Mountains, is not only beautiful and healthy, but is very accessible to Wash ington and Alexandria cities by rail and pike, which gives all producers a fine home market.

My facilities for locating you in this section of Virginia are second to none. State what kind of property would interest you. I have a large number and great variety of properties, and can very likely suit you. New catalogue and map mailed free on request.

W. H. TAYLOR, Hemdon. Vsl

VIRGINIA FARMS

229A.— \y 2 mile from R. R. Sta. $3,500. Running water, county road front and other attractions. 140 A.—large orchard, barns, dwelling, farm fenced into fields and other improvements. Land in high state of cultivation—Price $4,000. 82 A.—near electric line, necessary buildings, running water, fine truck and poultry farm—$2,500. 488 A.—Valuable river farm—2 mi. from R. R. station.—$7,320. Write for complete list.

PRANK H. COX, Resident Agent. Ashland, Va

MARYLAND

AND

VIRGINIA

FARMS NEAR WASHINGTON.

Unsurpassed as money-makers; best sslace on earth for farmers, dairymen, stockmen or poultry men; mild climate, feest markets In country; highest prices; no such word as "Fail" for Industrious man. Big bargains here now. S.E00 places to select from. Catalogue free.

THE SOUiLE CO., Washington, D. C.

Largest Farm Dealers In the Sooth.

Special Attractions In

Loudoun County, Va., Farms.

I will show you any farm for sal* in the County FREE OF CHARGE. DeL. S. CRITTENDEN, Broker, Ashbnrn, Va.

Virginia Farms

Handsome Country Homes and High-

Grade Farm Lands a Specialty.

J. E. WHITE, "THE LAND MAN,"

Charlottesville, Va.

was very pretty, and had much more attention than any one else. She deserved it—always smiling and agreeable through the roughest seas. Nothing could upset her appearance nor her equilibrium, as she tripped up and down the deck in her pretty French slippers, with her different admirers, or reclined gracefully on her steamer chair, accepting chocolates from one or a book from another. No one could bring anything tangible against her. Nevertheless, the verdict of the boat was that she was "bad form."

With the second cabin, steerage and crew, the India carried a thousand souls. On the whole, there was rather an Oriental atmosphere about the boat, with its large Japanese contingent and Asiatic servants, whom we addressed always as "boy." Tiffin replaced luncheon, curries and other highly seasoned food appeared on the table, besides a profusion of fine tropical fruits. An English lady at our table, who had never seen canteloupes before, took a great fancy to them and used to order the boy daily to bring her a portion of "antelope," which she ate after breakfast in the English fashion. She also had the sensible habit of eating large, ripe peaches with a spoon like an orange.

We took a great deal of exercise and delighted in watching hockey, which the men played daily. There was Bridge morning, noon and night, interspersed with music and chocolates. Occasionally, we would indulge in a little gossip, as women will do, sitting on one of the deep sofas in the corner of the saloon. Invariably the subject of our discussion would rise up on the other side, attracted by the sound of our voices, though the sofa hid us from view. I had a still more embarrassing experience one afternoon, while resting on the sofa, with my eyes closed, though not asleep. A young lady and gentleman come in and spoke words not intended for my ears, but I could not help hearing, nor could I get away, because they sat on a piece of my skirt.

We wiled away some of our time by reading and got out Murray's guide to study up on Japan. We readily absorbed the preliminary hints, as to assuming a conciliatory attitude towards the natives, concealing our impatience at delays, removing our shoes at the doors of temples, etc., but when we got into broader fields and tried to straighten out the history and religion of Japan, we were lost in a hopeless maze of strange names. When we discussed our itinerary with the Japanese on board, our pronunciation of the names was so wide of the mark that they would sadly say they had never heard of the places we proposed to visit.

When we got into mid ocean, a heavy swell kept nearly every one in

EASTERN VIRGINIA TRUCK FARM

Containing 182 acres, 60 acres cleared and under highest state of cultivation, soil sandy loam with red clay subsoil, land mostly level, there are 122 acres in timber. This property is improved by a beautiful 9 room dwelling, two large barns and all necessary out-buildins including green-house 10 by 30 feet, well watered by fine springs and streams; a fine young orchard of 100 trees just beginning to bear. This beautiful property is located only 30 miles from Newport News, 37 miles to Norfolk and 50 miles to Richmond, all affording excellent markets; only 5 miles from Williamsburg, the seat of William and Mary college, and an excellent Female Seminary, y 2 mile from public school, 1 mile to post office and church. This property is lo- ' cated in one of the very best sections of eastern Virginia, an excellent climate the whole year. If you are looking for an ideal home and a good commercial proposition you should visit this farm. For a quick sale the owner has reduced price to $5,000, which is a sacrifice for such a property. Address,

BALLARD & LANHAM (Inc.) 621-13th St. N. W. Washington, D.C.

FARMS For Sale.

If you want a farm to rai»« grass, grain, stock, fruit or tobacco, buy fr«m us. Chocolate soli with red subsoil. Address

W. W. BARNES tt CO.,

LAND AND TIMBER AGHNTS,

Amelia Courthouse, Va.

190 Acre

FARM FOR SALE.

At a bargain, 3 1-2 miles from Saxe Station in Charlotte Co. Well located, •onvenient to schools, churches, mills, •jid stores, well watered by springs ind branches, land well adapted to to-iacoo and all crops grown in this sec-:ion. Only one new log cabin on the and; timber enough on the place to lo necessary building. Price $5 per acre lme given to suit purchaser.

W. M. WATKINS, Saxe, Va.

Old Virginia Farms.

Climate and Productiveness unexcelled. Largest sale list in Stat*. For full particulars and Free Cata-icgue address

CA9SBLMAN A COMPANY, RICHMOND, VA.

Always mention The Southern Planter when writing advertisers.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

1005

$40. Per Acre-Worth $60.

675 acres blue grass farm on macadamized road, 2 miles railway station, 32 miles from Washington City, Loudoun County, Va., 125 acres in oak and poplar timber, balance under cultivation and grass. This year's corn crop averages 70 bus. per acre, has suffered two months drouth. Ten room stone house, cellar, two tenant houses, large barns and all necessary outbuildings, all in fine condition, fine young apple and peach orchard. Is splendidly watered, having at least ten springs of lasting water.

GEO. W. SUMMERS,

Sterling, Va.

40 ACRE FARH $500

Estimated to be 300 cords of wood and 3,000 feet pine timber; good market at R. R. only 2% miles away; 20 acres plow land, grows fine corn and wheat; cottage house, stable, chicken house; beautiful shade; see full details page 21 "Virginia List 21," copy free. E. A. STROUT CO., Scottsville, Va.

STANDING TIMBER

For sale—A splendid piece of oak and pine timber on about 100 acres of land 1-2 mile from station, good hauling. About 500,000 feet is the estimate Will sell in a lump or have it cut on shares, taking 1-3 of hauling price for my part. The wood also can be handled with a good profit.

W. M. WATKINS.

Saxe, Va.

Mill for Sale.

Up to date, 36 bailer, water-power, roller mill and saw mill, in good grain section, close to schools, good brick dwelling, garden and spring. Will be sold cheap.

DIXON BROS., Lexington, Va.

Virginia Farms

MOST SELECT LIST, and in all s«e

ttone of the State.

FREE CATALOGUE.

R. B. CHAPFIN & CO., Inc.

Richmond, Va,

REAL ESTATE FOR SALE.

From the Mountains to the Ocean Catalogue free. Loans made on farms Established 1875.

GEO. E. CRAWFORD * CO., 1009 E. Main Street.,

RICHMOND, VA. Branch, Norfolk, Va.

"In the Green Fields of Virginia."

Homes for all; health for all; happiness and Independence for all. .All sizes of Farms at corresponding prices, but ALL reasonable.

MACON & CO., ORANGE. VA.

FARMS. Mineral and Timber Lands.

Free list on application. W. A. PARSONS & CO., 1527 Bast Main St.. Richmond, Va.

Davis Hotel Bldg.

their rooms, dead to the world. Th< waves were like mountains, leaving us deep in the trough of the sea. A1 times the boat rolled so we were thrown from our berths. The sky was grey and lowering, and, on the whole passage, no ship passed us, and we saw no sign of life in the water. Crossing the 180th meridian and losing a day created a diversion. We went to bed Monday night and the next morning was Wednesday. The ship officers declared we bumpel when we crossed the line. When 1 awoke that morning and opened my letter for the day, I found it con tained Van Dyke's beautiful poem, "Wings of a Dove," closing with the line, "There are no happy islands over yonder." Verily, no, for I looked out of the port holes and saw the bleak, bare Aleutians, on which scarcely a storm bird would perch.

As the trip advanced and people became better acquainted with each other social life developed on ship board. We had the most amusing deck sports, with potato races, needle threading, and a whistling contest. There were athletic sports for the men, for which handsome prizes were subscribed.

One evening the deck was closed in with awnings and decorated with flags and colored lights, and we had a dance, followed by an elaborate supper in courses. The usual charity concert was given, and at its termination Baron Kornura gave a champagne supper, at which he was sufficiently restored to appear and make a speech, dwelling on the treaty of Portsmouth. Many fine sentiments were exchanged on this occasion between the English, Japanese and Americans, inspired partly by friendship and partly by champagne. The evening closed with the sinking of national airs. After "The Star Spangled Banner" and "God save the King" had been sung, Baron Komura announced that the Peace Commission would sing the national hymn of Japan. Standing up, they chanted it in the most impressive manner. This hymn, "Kimi-gayo," which denotes "the kingdom of the sovereign," is of very ancient origin and, translated freely, reads as follows: "May the reign of the Emperor last one thousand years, then still eiebt thousand years ,as long as the little pebbles do not become rocks nor the mosses grow very fast."

The captain's dinner followed soon, and we toasted the President. King Edward and the Emperor of Janan, clinking glasses hiarh and singina: "For He's a Jolly Good Fellow," till the ship reverberated to the sound.

A. change in the sea and sky and the appearance of fishing boats and birds apprized us of the fact that we were nearing land, and then packing and tipping became the order of the day. It was a real pleasure to tip our grateful China boys, for they had certainly earned their reward. A great

VIReiNIA FARMS

$8 per Acre and up

With improvements. C+ood productive-soil, abundant water supply and best climate on earth. Near railroad ami good markets with best church, school and social advantages For list of farms, excursion rateg and our beautiful pamphlet showing what otheri

BAUME, Agrl. and Indl Agt., Norfolk & Western Ey-, Box 5ju , Roanoke. Va.

farms, Orchards, Timber,

Jotton Lands In Virginia and th<» Routik, ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION Society. Charlottesville. Va.

"practical nm\m"

Prof. W. F. Massey's latest and beat book is now on sale. It retails for 11.50, and is worth It. We shall be very pleased to send you a copy at above price and will include a year'i subscription to The Southern Plantar. Remember, we deliver the book and give you a whole year's subscription for the price of the book, $1.60. SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Vs.

Trappers—Fur Traders

Ship your Furs direct to the World's largest Fur market, where prices are always highest. Write for our latest Price List, giving highest prices for Furs and Pelts of all kinds from all sections. It's FREE.

MYERS-BOYD COMMISSION CO., St. Louis, Mo.

WANTED!

Live Wild Turkeys, Quail, and Pheasants for breeding purposes. R. L. BLANTON,

Box 761,

Richmond Va.

"Feeds and Feeding"

AND

The Southern Planter

for only 12.26, including delivery of the book. This Is Professor Henry's great werk on Feeds and Feeding Stock and is the recognized standard everywhere. Every one with half doscen head of stock should have it.'

Southern Planter,

Richmond, Va.

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

!X

oveniLK'i',

Celebrated

AT

DRUG STORES

For improving the condition of HORSES, MULES, CATTLE,

POULTRY, HOGS, DOGS.

Giving them an Appetite and Relieving them of Bots, Worms, Hide-Bound, Surfeit, Distemper, and all Diseases to which Stock is Subject Internally. A Sure Cure For Chicken nnd Hog; Cholera, Scratches in Dogs,

We guarantee a cure in all diseases mentioned above or money returned. Large Rot. 50c. Small Bot. 25c.

If your merchant can't supply you send us 30c. for small, or 60c, for large size, and we will forward by mail.

Manufactured by

E. P. REEVE & CO., Richmond, Va.

You Can't Talk

it too strong. Whatl =s Gombault's =

Caustic Balsam

As a Liniment

For the Human Body

Springfield. 0., Sept. 19,1904.

Lawrence-Williams Co.,Cleveland,O.—Lewis Evelaiz-er, Urbana, R. F. D., a faruier,had a bad cancer on back of his hand. When I first saw it he was on his way to havo his hand amputated. I persuaded him to first try GOMBAULT'S CAUSTIC BALSAM, which he did, and on second application could rest well at night—the first for weeks. In less than three months he was at work on the farm. He will certify to this statement over his signature. Then. Mr. Jenkins, storekeeper and postmaster at Seth, 0.,had a bad cancer on his cheek-bone. I saw him at a grange meeting and told him to use CAUSTIC BALSAM twice a day, rubbing it in for five or ten minutes. In three months it was healed over and is now all sound. These two are all that I have the address of just now. I have had CAUSTIC BALSAM used on old shin sores. One man had walked with crutches for more than a year, and several pieces of bone had come out. I persuaded him to try CAUSTIC BALSAM, and today you "vould not know he was ever lame. Then, it is a Bure cure for piles, using it with sweet oil. I could tell of dozens of cases where I have induced different ones to use CAUSTIC BALSAM. I have bneD the means oimore than fifty bottles being bought, because I know just what it will do. You con't talk it jp strong enough. I wish you success.

R. L. HOLMAN,

' In charge Co-operative Work of Ohio State Grange.

Price $1.60 per bottle. Sold by druggists, or sent by us express prepaid. Write for Booklet H.

The LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS COMPANY. Cleveland, 0.

'S

AT

DRUG

STORES

change came also over the appearance of the ships' company, as they discarded steamer cloaks and veils and put on land garments. Some of them were scarcely recognizable Every one was busy making adieux, but it was really not necessary to say farewell, as we kept meeting each

Lner all through Japan.

A thrill passed over me when I saw the green hills of Japan and I felt inclined to cry out with the Japanese, "Banzai Dai Nippon" ("Hurrah for Japan").

As we entered the harbor of Yoko-homa, we strained our eyes to get a view of Fuji, the sacred mountain, but it was obscured by clouds. The irregular outline of the bay, the gnarled growth of the trees, the soft grey atmosphere and the queer water craft all impressed us as being typically Japanese.

We anchored far down the bay, and soon satisfied the quarantine doctors, who were the most harmless looking little Japs, in smart uniforms. When the quarantine flag was lowered, gun boats came out with greetings from the Emperor to the Peace Commis sion. and delegations to meet them, amongst the latter, representatives o, thp Womans' rinh of Japan.

Then a swarm of tugs and tenders came-alongside, and amongst the first people on board were several Men to meet us, to whom we resigned ourselves, bag and baggage, and soon we were steaming up the bay.

WHAT ARE YOUR BOYS

AND GIRLS READING

They are bound to read something They will read trash unless you giv< them something better that is equal!' interesting. Try The Youth's Com panion. There is plenty of adventure in the stories, and the heroes ant. heroines are of the real kind, finding in the line of duty opportunity for courage and unselfishness. More than 250 such stories will be published in the 52 issues of the new volume for 1909. There will be fully as many articles, sketches and reminiscences io impart useml inioru; .. ;■>■ T^ost asTpeable wav. fam-'i'-i.--v-r.-«• Companion's readers with the best that is known and thou.: tit m tL woHrt.

Full illustrated Announcement of The Companion for 1909 will be sent to any address free with sample copies of the paper.

The new subscriber who at onct sends $1.75 for 1909 (adding 50 cents for extra postage if he lives in Can- J ada) will receive free all the remaining issues of 1908, besides the gift of The Companion's Calendar for 1909, entitled "In Grandmother's garden," lithographed in 13 colors.

THE YOUTH'S COMPANION,

144 Berkeley Street, Boston Mass.

Kendall's

Spavin Cure

The old reliable cure for Spavin, Splint,

Curb, Ringbone, Sprains, Swellings,

all forms of Lameness. Never found

vanting as a liniment for both man and

east. $ 1 a Bottle; 6 for $5.

At All Drug Stores

Used 15 Years

"I have used Kendall's Spavin Cure for the last IS years and find it cures every time. It is the only liniment I depend on. Can't do without it." W. J. Powell, Genoa, Fla.

Keep the tried and proven remedy on hand. Don't take a substitute. Get the great book, "Treatise on the Horse.'' free, of druggists, or write

Dr. B. J. Kendall Co. Enosburg Falls, Vt.

Ko matter how old the blemish, how lame the horse, or how many doctors have tried and failed, use

Fleming's Spavin and Ringbone Paste

Use It under our guarantee —your money refunded If It doesn't make the horse go sound. Most cases cured by a single 45. minute application — occasionally two required. Cures Bone Spavin, Ringbone and Sidebone, new and old cases alike. Not used on soft bunches. Write for

Fleming's Vest-Pocket Veterinary Adviser

Best book on blemishes, and we send It free. Read it before vou treat any kind of lameness in horses. 192 pages, 69 illustra tions, durably bound in leatherette. FLEMING BROS., Chemists. 280 Union Stock Varus, Chleae©,

You Can't Cut Out

A BOG SPAVIN or

THOKOCGHPIN. but

flBSO

RBINE

wHl clean them off, and you work the horse same time. Does not blister or remove the hair. Will tell you more U you write, gi.00 per bottle, delivered. Book 4-C free. ...

ABSOKBINE, JK.. *°, r mankind. DQ.iiO bottle. Cures Varicose Veins, varicocele, Hydrocele, Ruptured Muscles or Ligaments,Enlarged Glands, Allays Pain. ■ » j ■ Genuine infd. only by tf.F.YOUNG. P. D. F.,1C9 Mosiiouth St,Springfield, Mask

BlAlKIOhEAVU

KtV»JfOB1! lus««Cl>Dgti,D»-temper and Bndirwttoft Cur*. A TeterUiary Itemetfy for wind, ♦.broat am »i<rn.*«*u troobkM.

Sn~QnO .f'o.'l".- t.-i. ,!(*»• :vK*' eat. I'filenlrr. ,. ...f <•-.,(•.,

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THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1001

YAGERS

CREAM CHLOROFORM

LINIMENT

FOR

MAN

OR

EAST

THE UP-TO-DATE REMEDY

and the Liniment universally used by all well informed people, recognized as the most wonderful and most certain of results for use in the Home, Stable or Barn. For general use it is the best of all. Especially valuable for Rheumatism, Sprains, Aches, Pains, etc. Prevents Croup, Pneumonia and La Grippe. Sold Everywhere—25 cents.,

GIVE IT ONE TRIAL-F0R MAN OR BEAST

PREPARED OINCY BY

GILBERT BROS $ CO., Inc., Proprietors, BALTIMORE,HR,

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[November

\k" MEAT MEAL

85 per cent. Protein, 7 per cent. Fat

POULTRY FOOD

Free from preservatives, chemicals or foreign matter of any description. It is a meat builder, bone-maker and EGG PRODUCER. It is the lean fibre of beef, clean and pure, appetizing and odorless. Thoroughly dry, ready to feed, or may be used in the mash, as you prefer. Sample on request.

Sack, 100 lbs

$3.25.

RICHMOND ABATTOIR, Box 26", Dept. M Richmond, Va.

Send for the "Rarva" Booklet.

HORSES

Going Blind. Barry Co., Iowa City, la. Can cure.

OltSTAD'S "ONE APPLICATION CUBES'

UMPY-JAW CAPSULES

GUARANTEED J8®"WKITE FOB PARTICULARS

THE ONSTAO CHEMICAL CO. 101 Key Street Indianapolis, In*

Free Veterinary Book

Infalllbleguide. Makes every man his own horse doctor. Postage 20.

Tuttle's Elixir

lnsuressonndhorses. Curesspltnt

curb, spavin, etc $100 reward

for failure where cure Is possible.

TUTTLE'S ELIXIR CO,

75 Beverly St., Boston, Mass*

Beware of all blisters; they givt

only temporary relief, if any.

WILMONT POULTRY FARM.

A handsome lot of cockerels, pullets and yearling hens from the S. C. Rhode Island Red and B. P. Rock chickens. Owing to crowded quarters I offer them cheap if sold at an early date. Satisfaction always guaranteed. For Sale Cheap:—Niagara Hydraulic

Ram No. 0. Comparatively new and in good condition.

Mrs. F. E. WILLIAMS, Charlottesville, Virginia.

Berger's

White Wyandottes ' |

The leading strain of heavy layers and noted winners at Va. State Fair, 1908, in strong competition. 1st and 5th cocks; 1st, 2nd and 5th pullet. D. J. Lam-pullet. D. J. Lambert, Judge. A few more choice cockerels and pullets for sale. Correspondence

solicited.

R. O. BERGER, (City Address) 16 No.

20th St. Richmond, Va.

r ~~" ■ ~—■ s

50 Pure-bred S. L. WYANDOTTE

Pullets and 12 Cockerels for sale, $1 each or $10 per dozen. Satisfaction guaranteed or birds may be returned at my expense. J. H. SHAW, Brncey. Va.

PRIZE WINNERS, POULTRY DEPARTMENT, VIRGINIA STATE FAIR.

Anconas—Geo. Guvenator, Highland Park, Richmond, Va., received all awards on this breed.

Andalusians.—Geo. Guvernator received all awards.

Bantam s— Golden Sebrights—All ribbons to Guvernator. Light Brah-mas—All ribbons to Guvernator. Bare Necks—All ribbons to Carroll Patrick. Buff Cochins—Geo. Wray, first cock and hen; Willie McCabe, first and second cockerel. Partridge Cochins—All awards to Guvernator. White Cochins—All awards to Guvernator. Black Cochins—All awards to Gmvernator. White Japanese—All awards to Guvernator. Black Breasted Red Games— Guvernator, first cock and second hen; John Lindsey, second cock; George Wray, third cock and first hen; Lindsey, first cockerel, first, and second pullet. Brown Red Games—All awards to Guvernator. Birchen Games—Mrs. R. I. Farrer, Orange Va., all awards. Frizzles—John Lindsey got all ribbons. Old English Games—Guvernator received all awards.

Buff Cochins.—Guvernator received all awards.

Partridge Cochins.—Guvernator received all awards.

Black Cochins.—Guvernator received all awards.

Dorkings, silver gray.—G. W. Montgomery received all awards.

Ducks, Pekin.—Drakes, H. Skip-with, first; M. V. Thomas, second; O. L. Ligon. third; H. Skipwith, fourth; George Guvernator, fifthj Ducks, M. V. Thomas, first; O. L. Ligon, second; H. Skipwith, third; George Guv-vernator, fourth. Young Drakes, H. Skipwith, first; M. V. Thomas, second; J. F. Dunston, third; H. Skipwith, fourth and fifth. Young Ducks, J. F. Dunston, first; H. Skipwith, second; C. E. Hutcherson, fourth; M. V. Thomas, fifth. Wild Mallard—Geo-Guvernator, first drake and duck; J. F. Dunston second drake and second and third duck. White Muscovy— Drake, R. Randolph Taylor, first. Indian Runner—Drake, Mrs. R. I. Farrer, first and second. Duck, Mrs. R. I. Farrer, first and second. Young Drake, Mrs. B. J. Grasberger, first. Young Duck, Mrs. B. J. Grasberger, first, second, third and fourth.

Frizzles.—George Guvernator received all awards.

Black Breasted Red Games.—Exhibition pen, B. J. Pleasants.

Red Pyle Games.—B. J. Pleasants received all awards.

Pit Games.—J. N. Conrad, first cock; first, second and third hen; first, second, cockerel; first, second pullets. Exhibition pens (old and young), James Duffy.

Cornish Indian Games.—Cock, Chas. Register, first; George Guvernator, third; hen, Charles Register, first; Q. G. Eddins, second and third; Geo.

SOUTHERN

POULTRY

GUIDE

This is Cal Husselman's great Poultry Book, now on press. It is freely illustrated with numerous useful and handy homemade accessories to the poultry business. It contains his 40 years' experience as a poultryman It is the best poultry book evet printed and just what you want. It contains more plain, every day common sense about the chicken business than you ever read. 150 pp., cloth bound. Price? We will almost give it to you. Just send ?1 and we will enter your order for the book and throw in a year's subscription to the Southern Plantei. "Book will be out before December 1st.

SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond Va.

Carroll Menefee

FANCIER

Sperhyville,

Virgin is

Offers for immediate acceptance a select assortment of Fancy Cockerels and Pullets of each of the following-varieties:

Black Langshans, White Faced Span-. Ish, White Leghorns, Silver Spangled' Hamburgs, S. C. R. I. Reds Red Pyle Games, S. C. Black Minorcas, Buff Wyandottes.

This is an excellent opportunity for those who wish to start in the business or improve their poultry—as nothing but fancy stock is offered.

Member and Va. Secy. National Black: Langshan Club.

Member American Black Minorca Club, R. I. Red Club of America.

Walker's

WHITE ROCKS.

Fischel's Strain Direct. 1

Am booking orders and can make prompt delivery of breeding pens, pullets and cockerels. Finest stock have ever raised. Glad to answer inquiries. C. M. WALKER, Herndon, Va.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS

A fine lot of cockerels and pullets j for sale at $2 each; big ones of a] heavy laying strain. W L. EI.SEA, Berryville, Va.

PI A NIPT ID Implement* Save

rLiAHl'l «!IV« yon money,

B. L. Allen * Co., Box 1107X, Phlla-4el»kla.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1009

SPRING HATCHED

COCKERELS

AND

PULLETS.

of the following 1 breeds.

SILVER LACED, and WHITE WY-ANDOTTES;

S. C. RHODE ISLAND REDS, WHiTE and BROWN LEGHORNS.

FINELY BRED, VIGOROUS STOCK. Write for prices.

At Va. State Fair in Rich., Oct. 5-10, we' won 14 ribbons, including 7 blues, on above breeds.

ELLERSOISI POULTRY YARDS,

J. W. QUARLES Prop. Elletson. Va.

BARRED

PLYMOUTH ROCKS PEKIN DUCKS WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS

A special offer to new customers. Prize winners wherever shown.

GEO. H. MOSS, Burkes Garden Va.

WHITE

BRAZILIAN DUCKS.

Beautiful, wonderful layers, easy to raise and the most superior table fo~wl I ever saw. Young drakes fully grown weigh 8 to 10 lbs. Ducks weigh 5 to 6 lbs.

These ducks have more meat on breast than any I ever saw and art delightful. Apply for prices,

A. R, VENABLE, Jr. Farmvllle, Va.

SPRING BROOK POULTRY FARM. Culpeper, Va., H. H. Scott, Prop

Breeder of Northrup strain Black Minorcas, Whitman strain of Brown Leghorns, and the best Silver-Laced Wyandottes. Have been breeding Black Minorcas seven years, always with the best type in view. Stock and Eggs In season at very moderate prices, considering the quality: Write me for prices and full particulars.

VALLEY FARM

BURRED P. ROCKS

S. C. B. LEGHORNS

Large and better stock; Ringlets and Forsyth strains. Write me your wants.

!&»». CHARLES C. WINE,

Mt. Sidney, Vn.

A Few FINE TURKEYS

m for sale. Well developed birds, Bronze with slight trace of Wild. 111.

MRS. F. H. WILKINSON

Ronte 1

Alexandria, Va.

Guvernator, fourth and fifth; cockerels, Q. G. Eddins, second; pullet, Charles Register, first; exhibition pen, Charles Register, first.

White Indian Games.—George Guvernator received all awards.

Geese, Tolouse.—Gander, Mrs. R. I. Farrer, first; A. Pollard & Son, third; goose, Mrs. R. I. Farrer, first; A. Pollard & Son, second and third. Emb-den—George Guvernator received all awards. China—G. F. Dunston, first and third, gander, first and third goose; George Guvernator, second gander and second goose. Wild—W. E. Brauer received all awards.

Hamburgs, Silver Spangled.—Geo. Guvernator, first cock; first, second and third hen; first, second, third and fourth cockerel; first and second pullet; Mrs. Percy Smith, second cock. Golden Pencil—George Guvernator received all awards. Silver Pencil— Geo. Guvernator received all awards. Houdans.—Geo. Guvernator received all awards.

Lakenvelders.—Mrs. R. I. Farrer received all awards.

Langshans.—Geo. Guvernator received all awards except first exhibition pen (young), which was won by W. J. Wilton.

Leghorns, Single Comb, Brown.— Cock, L. E. Myers first; R. C. Booth, second and fourth; Geo. Guvernator, third; hen, A. J. Warren, first and second; L. E. Myers, third; R. C. Booth, fourth; K. W. Baber, fifth; cockerel, Ellerson Poultry Yards, first; H. M: Wilkinson, second; R. C. Booth, third, fourth and fifth; pullet, H. M. Wilkinson, first and third; R. C. Booth, second; exhibition pien (old), H. E. Myers, first; exhibition pen (young), A. J. Warren, first; W. F. Butler, second.

Leghorns, Single Comb, White.— Cock, A. B. Carter, first; J. E. Ellett, second; B. H. Grundy, Jr., third; hen, S. S. Stansbury, first; B. H. Grundy, Jr., second; A. J. Warren, third; cockerel, A. B. Carter, first; S. S. Stansbury, second; Burton & Guvernator, third; pullet, B. H. Grundy, Jr., first; S. S. Stansbury, second; B. H. Grundy, Jr., third; exhibition pen, W. R. Ladd, first; Burton & Guvernator, second; J. A. Ellett, third; exhibition pen (young) W. R. Ladd, first; B. H. Grundy, Jr., second; Standard Bred Poultry Farm, third. Single Comb Buff—Geo. Guvernator reeeived all awards. Single Comb Black—E. G. Tyler, first cock and cockerel and first and second pullet; Melrose Poultry Yard, second and third cockerel and third pullet.

Minorcas, Single Comb Black.—J. W. Snellings, first and second cock; first, second and third hen, and first exhibition pen; Geo. Guvernator, first cockerel and first pullet. Rose Comb Black, exhibition pen, E. G. Tyler & Son, first.

Orpingtons, Buff.—Hens, R. L. Harrison, first; Geo. Guvernator, second; cockerel, R. L. Harrison, first; S. S.

200

S. C. WHITE LEGHORN

Pullets, May and June hatch, $1 each. 100

WHITE AND BARRED

Rock Pullets, A. C. Hawkins' strain, May and June hatch. $1.50 and $2 each.

Cockerels of these breeds at $2 each this month only. Write at once. Eggs and Young Chicks in Season.

SYSONBY GARDENS, Inc.,

Sam. McBwen, Mgr., Petersburg, Va.

S. C. WKite Leghorns

First prize Pen Pullets; 1st prize Pen Hens, 3rd Hen, 5th Cockerel at Va. State Fair, 1908. Stock and eggs for sale.

W. R. TODD

426 N. 6th St. Richmond, Va.

TAYLOR'S

WH1TEWYANDOTTES

White Holland Turkeys and White

Muscovy Ducks.

Win where shown. Pullets now f»r

sale at $1 each.

It. RANDOLPH TAYLOR, Hickory Bottom Farm, Negrofoot, Va, R. F. D. 2., Reaver Dam, Va.

Poplar Hill Poultry Farm

S. L. WYANDOTTES

A choice lot of youngsters now ready for shipment. Cockerels,

$1.25 to $160 each. Pullets, $1. and $1.25.

Mine are not only high scoring birds, but egg producers. Satisfaction to every customer.

DR. H. H. LEE. R. F. D. No. 4

Lexington, Va

Glenview Orpingtons*

S. C. BUFFS EXCLUSIVELY.

I will not sell any eggs for hatching next season. If you want some of the best stock of Orpingtons in the South, BUY NOW. Prices reasonable. State your exact wants. B. S. HORNE, Keswick Va.

B. P. ROCK ROOSTERS.

A grand lot of fine birds. Buy now. Price low. Forty other breeds. Big catalog, 10c. List free.

JOHN E. HEATWOLE Box L. Harrisonburg, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

"RINGLET"

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS

EXCLUSIVELY.

E. B. Thompson's celebrated strain. My birds won at Richmond Show, 1908, 1st and 3d Cock; 1st and 3d Hen; 1st Prize Pen and Association's Special for BEST DISPLAY in Barred Rocks. They cannot be excelled in egg production, size, vigor and beauty. My breeding Cockerels at $2.50, $3.00 and $5.00 each: some exceptionally fine ones at $8.00 and $10.00 each. Good breeding Pullets at $1, $1.50, $2 and $3.00; extra fine ones at $5.00 each.

Satisfaction guaranteed.

LESLIE H. MeCUE, Box 4, Afton, Va.

Pure-Bred.

Barred Plymouth Rocks

Hens, Cocks, Pullets and Cockerels

for sale; one Mammoth Bronze Tom;

also Poland-China Pigs. Low rates to

quick buyers.

Piedmont Stoek and Poultry Farm,

Miss E. Callie Giles, Prop.

Whittle Depot, Va.

MAMMOTH

BRONZE TURKEYS

57 beautiful, pure-bred toms and hens for sale.

ENGLISH SETTER PUPS.

Good ones. Blue Belton strain. Also Berkshire Pigs entitled to registration. Write your wants. MRS. GEO. M. WEST. Vinita, Va.

Prize-winning

Mammoth Black Turkeys

and

White Wyandotte

Cockerels for sale. B. P. JONES, South Montrose, Pa.

MISS LOUISE V. SPENCER, Blnckstone, Va.

Headquarters for pure-bred R. C. Rhode Island Reds.

Stock for Snle. Member R. I. Red Club.

S. C. Rhode Island Reds.

Old or young stock for sale cheap if taken at once; also a few white Wyandottes. JNO. W. MORRIS Waldrop, Va.

&■ SINGLE COMB £>

RHODR rSKANO PEPS.

We have an exceptionally beautiful lot of cockerels and pullets for sale; beautiful, uniform dark red colors— equal to any R. I. Reds in Virginia.

These are extra fine fowls, bred from the best breeders I can buy.

Some extra fine show birds, but these are not for sale.

Apply for prices. A. R. VENABLE, Jr., Farraville, Va.

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement.

[November,.

Stansbury, second; pullet, R. L Harrison, first and second; S. S. Stansbury, third; exhibition pen, J H Thompson, first; R. L. Harrison, second. White—F. S. Bullington, first cock; first and second hen; second cockerel; second and third pullet; first exhibition pen (young and old); Z. P. Richardson, first cockerel, and first pullet.

Polish, White Crested Blacks.— Geo. Guvernator received all awards Bearded Silver—Geo. Guvernator received all awards. Buff Laced—Geo. Guvernator received all awards. Non-Bearded Golden—Geo. Guvernator received all awards. Non-Bearded Silver—Geo. Guvernator received all awards. Non-Bearded White—Geo. Guvernator received all awards.

Plymouth Rocks, Barred.—Cock, Geo. Guvernator, first and second; J. O. Allwood, third; hen, J. O. Allwood, first; J. W. Snellings, second; W. L. Elsea, third; cockerel, W. L. Elsea, first; A. G. Frostick, second; Louis Washer, third; pullet, Louis Washer, first; L. E. Myers, second; W. L. Elsea, third; Exhibition pen (old), Geo. Guvernator, first; L. E. Myers, second; J. O. Allwood, third; exhibition pen (young), W. L. Elsea, first; A. D. Exall, second; J. W. Snellings, third. White—Geo. Guvernator, first cockerel, first exhibition pen (old), second exhibition pen (young); exhibition pen (young), C. H. Carr, first; Laburnum Stock Farm, third. Silver Pencil—Hen, Geo. Guvernator, first, second and third; cockerel and pullet, D. W. Jardine, first; exhibition pen (young and old), Geo. Guvernator, first. Buff—D. W. Jardine received all awards except second hen, which was won by Geo. Guvernator.

Rhode Island Reds, Rose Comb.—W. D. Sydnor received all awards except first cock and first hen, which were won by B. L. Woodward. Small Comb—Cock, J. A. Goodwin, first; Geo. Guvernator, second; hen, Eller-son Poultry Farm, first; D. W. Jardine, second; cockerel, Ellerson Poultry Farm, first; D. W. Jardine, second; Geo. Guvernator, third; pullet, Geo. Guvernator, first and second; exhibition pen (young), C. B. Snow, first; W. J. Wilkins. second ;exhibition pen (old), J. A. Goodwin, first.

Silkies.—Geo. Guvernator received all awards. Spanish White Face Black—Geo. Guvernator received all awards.

Rumples.—Geo. Guvernator received all awards.

Sumatres.—Geo. Guvernator received all awards.

Red Caps.—Geo. Guvernator received all awards.

Patridge Plymouth Reteks.—Geo. Guvernator received all awards.

White Holland Turkeys.—Toms, R. R. Taylor, first; M. V. Thomas, second; J. F. Dunston, third; hen, J. F. Dunston, first; M. V. Thomas, second; young Toms, J. F. Dunston, first;

Lynnwood Stock Farm

Does not breed, rear, and sell "Pedigreed Scrubs," bui. .

PERCHERONS SHORTHORNS

and

BERKSHIRES

As good in conformation as in blood lines, having long since recognized the fact that a dissatisfied customer is a detriment to business, and therefore animals that do not come up-to a certain high standard, are sold" to farmers who come to the farm and are satisfied, because of the low prices put on them. A great many males are castrated and fed for the slaughter-pen as are females that are not fair representatives of their respective-breeds.

JNO. F. LEWIS, Lynnwood, Roekingham Co., Va,

Pure-Bred

HORSES

PERCKEROIV and BELGIAN

We have more and better horses and will sell them cheaper than ever before. A nice lot of young stallions-from weanlings up; also mares. C. A. ALEXANDER & CO., Harriston. Augusta Co., Va.

FOR SAL

PERCHEEONS

Two 2-year-old and two 3-year old* Stallions, all registered, sound, good clean flat bone, good style and action. Will sell low considering quality as I am cramped for room.

THOS. R. SMITH, Lineoln, Loudoun Co., Va.

FOR MORGAN COLT S

and Fillies and High-Bred Fox Hound Puppies. Address,

Dr. JOHN D. MASSENGILL. Rlonntvlllc. Tenn.

WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS

and WHITE CHINA GEESE.

$5 per pair; White Guineas, $2.50 per pair, all bred from our prize-winrrers.

WHITE POULTRY YARDS, J. F. Dunston, Prop., Lorraine, Va.

FOR

BLACK LAISISHAISIS

of quality write to A. M. BLACK,

Tazewell Va.-

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1011

Farmers, now is the time to order your Breeding- Birds for 1909. I have choice birds of the following breeds. Barred, White and Buff Plymouth Rocks, White, Brown and Buff Leghorns, White and Silver Wyandottes, White, Black and Buff Orpingtons, Rhode Island Reds, Silver Spangled Hamburgs, Indian Games, Black Minorcas, and White Face Black Spanish chickens; Rouen and Pekin Ducks, Mammoth Bronze and White Holland Turkeys.

Do not delay, place your order today and get advantage of lowest prices. Address

JAMES M. HOBBS,

1521 Mt. Royal Avenue.

BALTIMORE, MD.

Piste-Bred

HOGS

I have the finest lot of Berkshire, Poland-China, Chester White, Yorkshire and Tamworth Pigs and Hogs I ever owned. I can mate Pigs and Shoats for breeding 2, 3, 4 and 6 months old, and have fine 150-to 200-lb. Service Boars and Bred Sows ready for'immediate shipment. Now is the time to order and get them in their winter quarters. Write today a list of your wants. Satisfaction guaranteed and references furnished. Address,

JAMES M. HOBBS,

1521 Mt. Royal Avenue.

BALTIMORE, 3ID.

Pure-Bred Sheep

Choice Shropshire, Southdown, Dorset, Hampshire, and Delaine Ram Lambs, Yearling and 2-year-old Rams. Bred Ewes 2 to 4 years old, and few Ewe Lambs. I have thirty (30) fine pure-bred Hampshire Ewes, 2 to 5 years old, all safe, sure breeders. Will sell the entire lot right of ordered soon. These 'ewes are all bred to fine pure-bred Hampshire Rams and most of them are registered and all are eligible to registry. Write today for prices. Address,

JAMES M. HOBBS,

1521 Mt. Royal Avenue.

BALTIMORE, MD.

QUALITY

Poland - Chinas.

Lest you forget we have the best breeding and individuals in P. C. blood in Va. at farmers' prices. Young-pigs and bred sows "the best ever."

A son of the "King of Them All" at head of our herd. Write us your wants.

H. B. BUSH & BRO., Michaux, Powhatan Co., Va.

TAMWORTHS.

The lean bacon hogs—pigs, bred sows, and service boars, all registered and of best blood. BERKSHIRES.

Fine pigs and service boars entitled to registration and of blue ribbon stock. Am out of Poland-China pigs at present. J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Va.

TAMWORTH PIGS.

From Registered Stock of Fine Breeding.

Knowle of Cook Farm 5057 at head of herd. Sire 2nd prize boar at Royal Show, Eng., 1907., Dam, 1st prize gilt at same show, 1907.

VOLNEY OSBURN Bluemont, Loudoun Co. Va.

CHESTER WHITES

Best hogs on earth. Pigs now ready for fall delivery. Stock A No. 1 Satisfaction Guaranteed. S. M. WTSECARVER. Rueitburg, Va.

fontlis old-3

! JERSEY RED PKSS

11'

young hens, R. R. Taylor, first; J. F. Diunston, second.

Wyandottes, Silver Laced.—Cock, Geo. Guvernator, first; Ellerson Poultry Farm, second; hen, Ellerson Poultry Yard, first; Geo. Guvernator, second; cockerel and pullet, Geo. Guvernator, first; exhibition pen, Ellerson Poultry Farm, first; Miss L. V. Phaup, second. Columbian—A. C. Brinser received all awards. White—Cock, R. O. Berger, first; T. A. Davison, second; R. R. Taylor, third; hen, R. O. Berger, first and second; J. F. Dun-ston, third; cockerel, J. F. Dunston, first; Standard Bred Poultry Farm, second; L. W. Ryland, third; pullet, Standaid Bred Poultry Farm, first; J. F. Dunston, second; B. H. Grundy, Jr., third; exhibition pen, J. F. Dunston, first; R. R. Taylor, second and third; exhibition pen (young), Standard Bred Poultry Farm, first; Geo. Guvernator second. G o 1 d e n—Geo. Guvernator received all awards. Pa-tridge—Cock, B. L. Woodward, first and second; Geo. Guvernator, third; hen, Ernst B. Wilson, first; Ellerson Poultry Farm, second; Geo. Guvernator, third; cockerel, E. B. Wilson, first and second; Geo. Guvernator, third; pullet, O. L. Legon, first; E. B. Wilson, second and third; exhibition pen, A. H. Drewry, first; Geo. Guver-ernator, second. Silver Penciled— Geo. Guvernator received all awards. Black—Geo. Guvernator received all awards.

Wild Turkeys.—Cock (first) and hen (first), R. L. Blanton.

BLUE RIBBON

BERttSHlRES

Herd headed by Virginia's Premier Rival, first prize boar in his class at Va. State Fair 1908, in strong competition. Few boars have attracted more attention. He has a strong arched back, is evenly and heavily quartered, with a short wide, and well dished face, nicely proportioned, in style, finish, and quality is not surpassed by any young boar. His qualifications compare more closely with Lord Premier Rival than any of the noted sons or grandsons of this famous sire. Gilts for sale bred to this boar for March and April farrow, nice lot fall pigs for sale, also B. P. Rock cockerel and pullets, large Pekin drakes. Send for circular. E. F. SOMMERS, Somerset, Va.

STERLING HERD

REG. DUFCC-JIFSEYS AND TAMWORTH SWINE

Duroc Boars ready for service. «U. W. WATSON. Peterxhurnc. Va.

Hosky fellows, fast growcrs, easy breeders,reasonable In price,long bodied, small-boned, big proportion of meat and fat. Monry-mak-i ers. Order a pair. Free catalog A. J. COl LINS. Box R, Moorestown.N. J.

W. D. Sydnor, Barton Heights, Richmond, Va., won on Rose Comb Rhode Island Reds, at Virginia State Fair, 1908, first, second, third pen (young); first, second, third, fourth, fifth pullet; first second cockerel; second cock; second, fourth, fifth hen.

SUNNYSSDE BERKSHIRES.

Boars In service. "Premier Duke," ion of Premier Longfellow; "Peerleaw Premier," sired by Lord Premier III., und Imported "Hlghttde Commons." Mso a number of sows rich In Premier blood. Prices reasonable.

W. R. Walker, UNION, S. O.

STOCK BARGAINS

One registered Hereford, bu.l 4 years old. Four pure-bred Angora bucks, one Berkshire Boar. One English bull pup, nine months Did. One black pony mare 13 hands high, fine drivtr and saddler, safe for ladies or children, sound and gentle. Address J. L GRAY, Norwood, Va.

THE SOTJTHEKIv T PLANTER

Pinehurst Shropshires

WARDWELLS "LEAD THE WAY.''

YEARLING HOME-BRED RAM.

In 1907 we won CHAMPION RAM at Chicago International, Michigan State and New York State Fairs, and every FIRST PRIZE at Vermont State Fair. We have the best Aged, Yearling and Ram Lambs, the best Aged Ewes, Yearling Ewes and Ewe Lambs for sale— and at reasonable prices—we ever offered, either for breeding purposes, or, If you want to buy a Show Flock for the coming Fair Season, we believe we can sell you Sheep that will win at State or County Fairs.

"We pay not only great care to get the BEST in importing, but even more care 1b selecting our breeding flock. This is undoubtedly the reason our flock has such a great reputation.

We have about 60 Rams and 60 Ewes for Sale, fit to go in any flock—besides 100 Lambs for sale.

HENRY L. WARDWELL,

Springfield Center, N. Y.

WOODLAND

FARM

OORSETS.

We can spare a choice lot of young ewes, coming yearlings. Write for prices before they are gone.

J. E. WING & BROS., Meehanicsburg O.

THOROUGHBRED

BERKSHIRE BOARS, JERSEY BULL CALVES, DORSET BUCK LAMBS.

Sire of Calves, FLYING FOX, 85466. ■on of Flying Fox, who sold for $7,600 at the Cooper sale, 1902.

All stock In best condition and guaranteed as represented.

P. T. ENGLISH, OentreTllIe. Md.

STOCK FOR SALE

2 Fine Mares with Colts at Side.

3 Large Yearling Mnle Colts. Several Weanling Horse Colts, (by

Standard, Hackney and Coach Stallions.)

All of the colts offered are out of large breeding mares of best quality.

For particulars and prices address, E. W. Ltnlc, Manager, P. O. Box 114, Charlottesville, Va„ or J. A. Patterson, Owner, 130 So. 15th St., Philadelphia. Pa.

Please mention the Southern Planter.

[November.

GOOD HOUSEKEEPING. Stewed Fish.

Use Rock fish for this, but Croakers, or any fish with few bones will make as nice a dish. Do not split the fish. Cut into short pieces, salt about two hours before cooking. Chop a small onion fine, and put it into a stewpan with water enough to cover the fish, when the water is boiling hot, put the fish in and cook it done. Take it out with a battercake lifter, and put on a hot dish. Cream a heaping tablespoon of butter with two of flour until smooth; add chopped parsley, and the yolk of an egg. Mix well and add a cup of the boiling liquor. After this is well mixed,- pour it into the pan with two more cups of the liquor, and stir constantly to prevent curdling. Add the juice of half a lemon, and pour the sauce over the fish. Garnish with parsley and serve hot.

To Cook Salt Mackerel.

Soak the mackerel over night in a bucket of water. In the morning wipe dry and put into a pan with enough hot water to nearly cover, with a slice of middling to season. Sprinkle over it a little flour and pepper, and a teaspoon of butter. Cover closely and cook about twenty minutes, then take off the cover, and add another teaspoon of butter, and put the pan into the stove to brown for a few minutes.

Stewed Oysters.

Drain the liquor from one gallon of oysters. Put it in a kettle with a small quantity of water, and let it come to a boil. Skim carefully; then turn in the oysters. When they begin to ruffle add three pints of hot milk, and a cup of half melted butter. Let it all come to a boil and take out the oysters. Let the soup boil two minutes, adding pepper, salt and two tablespoons of cornstarch beaten up with the yolk of an egg, with a tablespoon of water, to prevent the eggs curdling. If you have any celery roots chop and add while the oysters are cooking. They make the best seasoning for oysters. To Cook Canned Snap Beans.

Put the beans in a kettle with water to cover them and cook until tender. Drain off the water and add a cup of cream or milk, salt, pepper, and a good big piece of butter. Let them boil and serve at once. Stuffed Birds.

Select those which have only been shot in the head. Pick them clean, and draw as you would a hen for stuffing. Fold the wings under and rub inside with a little salt and celery seed. Make a stuffing of bread crumbs; butter, pepper and salt, and fill the body and crop of the bird. Put them into a roasting pan with a very little water, and let them roast slowly until well done, and a nice brown. Tie up each bird, with ribbon. Put it on a game plate, with a garnish

Fine ANGUS Calvea

AT FARMERS' PRICES.

Several 15-16 Grade Angus Bull Calves ready for service. Will make superb bulls for grading up herds.

Several Registered Angus Bull and Heifer Calves. Fine Individuals, whose development has been pushed since the day they were dropped.

Two beautiful registered yearlingi Angus heifers, just bred to our herd! bull, at $60 each.

Two splendid 3 months old registeredi bull calves, at $40 each.

All these calves will be sold at farmers' prices. Write at once If you want one of them.

W. M WATKINS, Saie, Charlotte Connty, Va.

ANGUS CATTLE. SOUTHDOWN SHEEP. ESSEX PIGS.

Three fine bulls, 4 mos. to 2 years old; one choice 5-year-old cow, bred;, a number cf young cows. A few early] spring lambs left. A number of youngi pigs for November and December delivery. All stock first-class. Prices, reasonable L. G. JONES. Tobaceoville N. fl

■wALKUI HILLS HERS

Reg. Angus Cattle

Yearlings and Calves for sale J. P. THOMPSON, - ORANGE, V.

±

Devon Herd Established 1884. Hampshire Down Flock Established 1880.

DEVON CATTLE

BULLS AND HEIFERS,

HAMPSHIREDOWN SHEEP,

RAMS AND EWES.

ROBERT J. FARRER. Orange Va.

REGISTERED

DEVON BULL CALVES

FOR SALE. From the largest and best herd of pure-bred Devons in East Va. J. P. TALIAFERRO, Caret, Va.,

RED POLL CALVES

—

The dual purpose type. If Interested in the best farmers' cattle on earth,! write for photos and records of ours. 1 We will Interest you sure.

H. B. ARBUCKLB, Maxwelton, W. Va.

VALLEY FRONT FARM. Sassafras, Gloucester Co., Va.

I have a nice lot of registered Here ford Bolls and Heifers, for sale at farmers' prices. Also a number of! grade Heifers and cows. My herd represents best strains and choice Individuals.

Wm. C. Stnbbs, Prop.

A Neat Binder for your back numbers can be had for 30 cents. Address our Business Department,

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement.

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE

101?

McCOMB & BLOCK

ESTABLISHED 1890.

FRESH

COMMISSION MERCHANTS

For the Sale of

CATTLE, SHEEP, LAMBS, HOGS, COWS, CALVES In Carloads and Small Lots.

To Buyers of Live Stock: We solicit correspondence from those wishing to buy Stock Cattle, Feeding Steers, Breeding Ewes, Feeding Wethers and Lambs; in fact, if you wish any kind of Cattle, Sheep or Hogs, we will sell them to you at lowest market prices. Pure-Bred HAMPSHIRE RAMS ready for delivery.

OFFICE AND PENS:

UNION STOCK YARDS, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA,

'PHONES: OFFICE 1394; RESIDENCE 3224; P. O. BOX. 483

FINE HORSES.

FOR SALE CHEAP.

One sorrel gelding, coming 4 years old, compactly built, easy to keep, well broken to work anywhere, very gentle, drives and rides well—a splendid family horse; price $150.

One chestnut mare, 9 years old, weighs 1200 lbs., blocky and easy to keep, a first-class brood mare, in foal to a fine Hackney stallion, well broken to ail farm implements and drives well in harness. Price, $150.

One dark bay mare, 9 years old, weighs 1,100 lbs., closely built, easy to keep; No. 1 farm and brood mare, has fine colt at foot by Hackney stallion and has been bred again to same horse, will work well everywhere and rides well also; price, mare and colt, $165.

These horses will be sold under full guarantee in every respect.

W. M. WATKINS, Saxe, Va.

JacKs

AND

Saddlers.

Imported and Kentucky Mammoth Jacks, saddle stallions and mares and Tamworth hogs. We are making special prices through

the summer season. J. F. COOK & CO., Lexington, Ky.

U S. SOLDIERS HOME FARM,

Washington, D. C.

Sons of a 32.25 pounds sire. We are offering Holstein bull calves, sired by the only living son of the great Fre-nesta Hengerveld De Kol. Butter 7 days 32.25; average fat 4.70. Out of granddaughters of De Kol 2nd's Butter Boy 3d, De Kol 2nd's Mutual Paul and other noted sires. At farmers' prices.

ROCK SPRING FARM

Offers for Sale

REGISTERED GUERNSEYS

of the best strains; registered Dmrac

and Berkshire Swine; Breeding stock

and eggs from B. Rocks, Pekim Daetec

White Holland Turkeys and Guineas

H. T. HARRISON, Prop,

Leeabars, Va.

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement.

of parsley or celery leaves, and serve one to each guest. Serve either hot or cold.

Roasted Opossum. Clean off all the hair and scrape it thoroughly. Draw and rub the inside with salt, pepper and a little red pepper. Make a dressing of bread crumbs, equal parts corn and wheat bread, seasoned with onion, pepper, salt, red pepper, and put it into the roasting pan, with a quart of water. Baste it frequently and cook done. Dredge a little flour over it, and brown. Serve cold. Save the gravy and heat it when you serve the opossum. There is no better meat when properly prepared.

Cucumber Pickle. If you have been so unfortunate as not to raise enough cucumbers for pickle, you can buy them from the wholesale grocers, eight hundred in a keg for a small sum, and they are easy to pickle, put up as they are. Soak them for two days in a tub of clear water changing the water twice. Then soak them in weak vinegar. Pack them in a jar, and to two gallons, add two tablespoons of salad oil, two each of white mustard seed, black mustard seed, whole black pepper and celery seed. One tablespoon of cloves, cracked nutmeg and cracked ginger. Three pods of red pepper, two sticks of cinnamon, one cup of grated horse-radish. Sprinkle these all through the cucumbers, and pour over them three quarts of vinegar boiling hot, in which you have dissolved five pounds of brown sugar. Cover and do not use for two months. This is a perfect pickle, and you con-not improve on it.

Green Tomato Pickle. Slice a peck of green tomatoes, one quart of green peppers, and a pint of chopped onion. Sprinkle a cup of salt over them and let them stand all night. Wash in cold water the next morning and drain off all the water. Mix with it two pounds of sugar and a ten cent package of mixed pickle seasoning, and boil until tender. Keep two months before using.

CARAVEN

SHort Horn Cattle

Some pure-bred, double standard polled Durhams of both sexes, well bred and good ones; also some Short Horns, both males and females, purebred and well bred and good; worth the money. Correspondence solicited.

MAJOR GEORGE CHRISMAN, R. F. D. 8. Harrisonburg, Va.

RARE OPPORTUNITY.

To secure pure-bred stock. Cheater White, Poland-China and Berkshire Pigs; Jersey Bulls and Heifers; Lincoln, Hampshire and Shropshire Down Sheep; Scotch Collie Dogs. Variety Of poultry. Send 2-cent stamp for circular. •»a <i»i«aqo l*9M. 'HHXIVAl CTHVAVCm

Farmington Stock Farm

(Owned by Warner Wood's estate.)

Short Horn Cattle.

Yearling Heifers and young bulls for sale at farmer's prices. Pedigrees furnished. Trains stop on farm. First station west of Charlottesville, C. A O. Ry. Write for further particulars to P. E. McCAULEY, Mgr. Blrdwood, Va.

Wp Will fisvp A RURAL MA,L B0X <

WWO WW 111 OIVC The best and i, an dsomest Galvanized Steel Rural Mail Box made, to the first person sending: address of party canvassing for petitions for new Rural Route. Write today. 1 KENTICKY STA3II'1NU CO.. UEPT. 35 I.Ol IS VIM.E, KT.

'WW Hay Press.1

Eli ■ HORSE and BELT M

-^^*.M.M> POWER.

38 styles and sizes of Presses.

For many years the standard. Lead in character of work, speed, easy and safe operating-^ Don't buy until yoiW seethe Eli catalogue. \ Mailed free Write for it today.

.COLLINS PLOW CO., 1185 HampshirTst., Qulncy. Ills.

Carroll Co., Va., Sept. 1, '08. I receive information from the Southern Planter that I do not receive from any other paper and which I would not like to do without. MARION MARSHALL.

Please mention the Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

Want Ads.

Rates 2 cents per word. Cash with order. Initials and figures count as one word; 25 cents minimum charge.

POULTRY, ETC.

COCKERELS, PULLETS, A FINE LOT of young stock of best strains in White Orpington, White Wyandotte,

' Barred Rocks, also M. B. Turkeys. Birds beauties. Prices reasonable. Landor Poultry Yards' stock. Write Miss C. L. Smith, 228 Bute St., Norfolk, Va.

FOR SALE—S. C| BROWN LEGHORN Hens, Pullets, Cocks and Cockerels from Brace's prize-winning strain at Madison Square Garden, N. Y., Virginia State Fair, Richmond Poultry Show and Jamestown. If you want quality, address Evergreen Farms, Rice Depot, Va.

SILVER SPANGLED HAMBURGS— Partridge Wyandottes, Silver Laced Wyandottes, Cornish Indian Games, White Rocks, $2 each; trio $5. Also White Crested Black Polish, turkeys, ducks and guineas. Write for prices. Circular 15 varieties. A. E. Parsons, Berkshire, N. Y.

POULTRY IN ALL VARIETIES FOR sale—Cock Birds, Cockerels, Pullets, and Hens. Special prices for the next" 15 days. DeWitt Poultry Farm, G. E. Guvernator. Prop., Highland' Park, Richmond, Va.

FOR SALE—SOME FINE S. C. RHODE Island Red cockerels at $1.50 each Also pure-bred mammoth Bronze Turkeys, Toms, $5 each; Hens $3 each; $7 per pair. A. B. Gentry, Ivy Depot, Va.

FOR SALE—NICE WHITE WYAN-dotte Cockerels, March and April hatch, pure-bred. . Stay white and standard weight. Free range. $1 to $2.50. Dunnlora Poultry Farm, Carson, Va.

BUFF WYANDOTTES, THE IDEAL fowl for color, eggs and table. My birds won 1st Cockerel, Pullet and Pen at Richmond last January. Hens and Cockerels for sale. Try me. Geo. W. Osterhout, Bedford City, Va.

BEFORE WINTER I WILL SELL some special bargains in S. C. White Leghorn hens and pullets. Buff Leghorns, B. Minorcas, R. I. Reds, White I. Games, White Rocks, White and Buff Cochin Bantams. C. L. Shenk, Luray, Va.

PURE-BRED BARRED PLYMOUTH Rock pullets, April hatched, $1.25 or 20 for $20. Holstein bull calf nearly white, richly bred, $25. Wm. B. Lewis, Route 1, Blackstone, Va.

BRACE'S STRAIN S. C. BROWN LEG-horn's. We have excellent Pullets, Hens and Cockerels for sale. Price reasonable, satisfaction guaranteed. Mrs. C. M. Bass, Rice Depot, Va.

FOR SALE—S. C. RHODE ISLAND Reds. Pullets and Cockerels that are free of smut and red to the skin. Also a fine utility bird. Address Evergreen Farms, Rice Depot, Va.

THREE PULLETS. ONE COCKEREL— Late hatched. $3.50. Standard Buff Rocks. Bred for size and eggs. Jno. E. Morris, Orange Va.

I CAN SERVE FANCIERS AND breeders who desire strictly first class Barred Plymouth Rocks. Cockerels and Pullets $2 to $10. L. W. Walsh, Lynchburg, Va. Box 248.

FOR SALE—MAMMOTH BRONZE

Turkeys. Toms $5. Hens $3. Orders filled until Jan.1st, 1909. Mrs. Belle Bumpass, R. F. D. No. 1, Ashland, Va.

REMOVAL SALE—DURING NOVEM-ber will sell at reduced rates pure blooded S. C. Rhode Island Red hens, pullets and cocks. Mrs. S. C. Daniel, Charlotte C. H, Va.

FOR SALE—SOME FINE PEKIN ducks from my winners at Madison Square, Jamestown, Phila., and Va. State Fair. Evelyn Heights Farm, Catletts, Va., W. W. Thomas, Prop.

FOR SALE—50 GOOD LAYING HENS, yearlings; will sell at 50 cents each; 10 White Leghorn males 1 year at $1 each. Address quick. D. W. Tug-gle, Gladys, Va.

PURE-BRED SILVER LACED WYAN-dotte Cockerels, Pullets and Hens, for sale; prize winners at State Fair, Rich., Va., 1907 and 1908. Miss Phaup, Pilkington, Va.

BRADLEY BARRED ROCKS—BAR-red to skin, with yellow legs, broad body, fine shape, pullets, hens and cockerels. Mrs. C. M. Bass, Rice Depot, Va.

SACRIFICE SALE OF SINGLE COMB White Leghorns, Wyckoff Strain, If you want something good now is your chance. Virginia Poultry & Berry Farm, Sutherlin, Va.

TAKE NOTICE—WILL SELL TEN beautiful S. C. White Leghorn Cockerels at One dollar each; order quick and get the best. W. W. Waddy, Island Ford, Va.

WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS AND White Plymouth Rock Cockerels for sale. Best strain of each. Miss Ad-die Cowherd, Gordonsville, Virginia.

PULLETS! PULLETS! PURE-BRED Barred Plymouth Rock pullets from prolific layers, 75c to $1.25. Wm. B. Lewis, Route No. 1, Blackstone, Va.

FOR SALE—A FEW CHOICE S. C. R. I. Red Cockerels. These are very fine birds from winning strain. While they last $1.50 each, $4 per trio. J. I. Berger, Guilford, Maryland.

S. C. RHODE ISLAND RED ROOST-ers, $1; pullets, $1; some three-quarter hens, 75c; bred for eggs. W. E. Birch, Afton, Va.

PIGEONS—MATED PAIRS OF HOM-ers and Corneau, also young Corneau Both birds and prices are right. Sidney Johnson, Boydton, Virginia.

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS.— Clearance sale of fine birds now on at $3 each. Sunnyside Farm, Jones-ville, Virginia.

S. C. BROWN LEGHORN HENS, PUL-lets and Cockerels for sale. Prices reasonable, stock guaranteed. B. G. Bass, Rice Depot. Va.

FOR QUTCK SALE—$1.50 EACH: TEN pure-bred S. C. B. Leghorn cockerels selected from flock of one hundred. K. W.'Baber, R. F. D. No. 6, Richmond, Va.

REMOVAL SALE—CHOICE SINGLE Comb Rhode Island Reds. Write quick. J. T. Fulcher, Rural Retreat, Va.

FOR SALE—PURE BRED PEKIN Ducks. Mrs. Armstrong, Union Mills, Fluvanna Co., Va.

JLIVE STOCK.

WANTED—TO SELL ONE LIGHT brown mare 4 years old, perfectly gentle and kind, weighs 950 lbs., well bred, clean limbed, good action, Virginia raised, price $200. Also 2 mules, 2 years old, well formed, Virginia raised, well grown, $150 each. Thornton Jeffress, Crewe, Va.

FOR SALE—TWENTY HEAD OF DU-roc-Jersey pigs at $5.00 each. Pigs closely related to Golden Glen Chief who sold for $6,000. Will exchange Sow for boar. T. H. Wrenn, Dispu-tanta,, Va.

WANTED—10 TO 15 FRESH MILK cows to be found in our neighborhood, good milkers, Holstein breeed-ing preferred. Also 20 bus. winter gray seed oats. T. E. Hudson, Box 630, Norfolk, Va

BEFORE BUYING YOUR BERK-shire Pigs write me for my prices and breeding. It will pay you. Dr. Charles G. Cannady, Roanoke, Va.

ONE PAIR MATCHED ROAN MARES five years old, 61 inches. One pair matched Shetlands. One child's pony, gentle and kind. Jno. M. Cunningham, Brandy Sta., Va.

REGISTERED LARGE YORKSHIRE Hogs, Hampshire Sheep and Buff Plymouth Rock chickens. J. D. Thomas, Round Hill, Va.

FOR SALE—THREE YOUNG YORK-shire sows, bred to a Berkshire boar. Price $15 and $20. Also a Berkshire boar, price $20. F. M. Connor, Jr., Route 3, Richmond, Va.

SOME DUROC GILTS AND BOARS 4 to 6 months old. Eligible to register. Cheap for quality. C. L. Shenk, Luray, Va.

CHOICE SHROPSHIRE SHEEP FOR sale. Also Silver Laced and Pencilled Wyandotte chickens. Otho M. Cockes, Elberon, Va.

BEST BREEDING OF YORKSHIRE

hogs at farmers' prices. W. E. Stick ley, Strasburg. Va.

—

REAL. ESTATE.

FOR SALE—Farm 140 acres, 130 acres cleared and meadow land, the rest timber. Ten room house, hardwood finish. Three barns. 50x42 with basement, 30x44 and 24x30, silo, hog-house, hen-house, sheep-shed. All buildings in good condition. Two miles from station. Price, $3,000, one-fourth cash, the balance two to five years at five per cent. Hall's Farm Agency, Owego, N. Y.

SELL YOUR FARM DIRECT TO buyer. Write J. H. Bonnell, Jamestown. N. Y.

WANTED TO RENT OR PURCHASE a small fruit and truck farm near Richmond or Norfolk. Va. Geo. W. Hanlon. St. Petersburg, Fla.

BUY PEST VTRGINIA FARMS DIRECT of owner and save money. Write J-H. Bonnell. Jamestown, N. Y.

THE SOUTHEEK PLANTER

1015

REAL ESTATE (Continued).

CHEAP LAND WHERE INVALIDS get well without medicine and raise $200 in fruit per acre. Eden Fruit Colony Company, Dewberry, Harnett Co., N. C.

FOR RENT—TWO PLACES WITH houses and poultry buildings on them. Two miles from Richmond on electric line. Address Box 6, Station B., Richmond, Va.

POSITIONS— HELP.

WANTED—A PRACTICAL POULTRY -man thoroughly experienced in feeding for eggs, operating incubators, brooder houses, etc., desires position on plant in operation or with man having large farm and capital to plan, build and manage plant on salary. No enterprise on farm pays as high interest on capital invested as raising of market eggs. Correspondence solicited. Highest reference. Address "L" care Southern Planter.

WE WANT A MAN WHO THOROUGH-ly understands poultry raising, also florist and gardener, to join us on our land near Washington, D. C. We have selling organization' here and elsewhere. This is a grand opportunity. $300 to $500 required. Money absolutely secured. Home and all the necessities guaranted free if desired. Address Koreshan Unity, Cooperative, 643 Louisiana Ave., Washington, D. C.

WANTED—Responsible man with horse and buggy in each community, salary $5 to $10 per day to take orders from owners of farms, orchards and home gardens. A splendid opportunity for farmers' sons, also fruit tree and sewing machine agents to make a business connection which will become more profitable each year. Address: P. O. Box 6, Young's Island, S. C.

WANTED—EXPERIENCED GENERAL farmer for 1909 to run 200 acre farm on salary under owner's direction. Dwelling, garden, firewood, etc.. furnished. Good reference from previous employer required. Address Box 133, Jeffersonton, Va.

FARM MANAGER-FOREMAN— A young man, 30, single, wants position as manager or foreman on farm in Virginia or neighboring states by Jan. 1st. Wide experience in improving soil and building up the old run down places. Work by modern and improved methods, practical in building, fencing and general farming. Salary or shares on good place. Best reference. Address "Planter," care Southern Planter.

MANAGER WANTED—A FIRST CLASS manager for Dairy Farm consisting of about 75 cows and 900 acres. Want a young married man; must be sober, industrious, ambitious and progressive. To such a one I can offer a permanent home with all modern improvements. A fine opportunity for the right man. Address H. N. care Southern Planter.

WANTED—GERMAN TRUCK FARM-er with family. Wages or shares. First class experience and references required. Farm Frederick County, Va. Address C. E. Gudebrod, 65 W. 9th St., New York City.

MANAGER—EXPERIENCED, STRICT-ly temperate, with references, wants charge of a large farm or estate. Address Manager, care Southern Planter.

WANTED—MARRIED WHITE MAN to live and work on farm. One familiar with machinery preferred. Address Mr. Craig, Box 196, Charlottesville, Va.

WANTED—SITUATION BY ENGLISH-man, 20 years of age. Good general experience in all farm work. Apply O. H. R., care Southern Planter.

WANTED—MARRIED WHITE MAN for general farm work. Address Cis-mont Manor Farms, Keswick, Va.

MISCELLANEOUS.

WANTED—TO BUY ALL KINDS Wild Birds and Animals, particularly Tame Deer, Wild Turkeys, White Squirrels, Peafowl, Otters, Red Foxes Gray Squirrels. Partridges, Pheasants, Beaver. State price when writing. Dr. Cecil French, Naturalist, i Washington, D. C.

"OLD VA. HAM BRINE"—FOR PER-fectly curing bacon, in an inexpensive and healthful way. I have kept hams three years with improved flavor and condition each year. Any one will be pleased on using the recipe. Full instruction for fifty cents. M. Cook, 220 Citizens Bank, Norfolk, Va.

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE FOR good cows—1 nice rubber tire close carriage, something swell and as good as new, at a great bargain. 1 spring wagon good as new, price $40. 1 Champion mower (second handl price $20. Address W. E. Highfill, Box 303, Danville, Va.

RHUBARB ROOTS FOR SALE FROM strong three-year-old stocks. Giant Early. Three dollars per hundred. Genuine potato or hill onions, large, $1, sets $2 per bushel. Cheap express rates on roots and tubers. W. S. Murray, Hollins, Va.

100 VISITING CARDS (ONE LINE) 50c. 50 for 35c, postage 4c. All kinds of printed stationery at lowest prices ever heard of. Best stock u =ed Write us if you need any— will surprise you. Leake Printing Co 5 Deep Run St., Richmond, Va.

RICHMOND

Lumber, Laths, Shingles, Sash. Blinds, Doors, Frames, Mouldings, Asphalt Roofing. Yards and buildings covering ten acres. WOODWARD & SON, Richmond. Va.

W£SD

VIROINIA

TERRACING? DITCHING? GRADING? Best $10 farm level for $6.66. Write at once for special offer Frank Wright. Mf.. Cave S prings. Ga.

PEDIGREED COLLIE PUPS AND grown dogs for sale. The Grand Collie Craftsman II. at stud Fee_ $5. R I. Red eggs $1 per 20. A trained Pointer cheap. Shadybrook Farm, Route 2. Roanoke, Va. ^_

FOR SALE—ONE CYPHERS 150 EGG incubator practically new and two brooders. Price $30 for the lot Address "Bargain," care Southern Planter.

FOR SALE—EXTRA GOOD COLLIE pups from registered stock. Sable and white. Males, $5; females, $3. Wm. Sheppard, Front Royal, va.

MOORE'S BROOK SANITARIUM BERKSHIRES AT THE FAIRS.

This institution made a good record with its herd of Berkshires at the recent fairs. Dr. Trice, the president, advises us that they won four ribbons at Lynchburg, and eight at Richmond, also a silver cup offered by the American Berkshire Association for the best under-year herd containing three sows and boar,' At Lynchburg they got every ribbon won by a Virginia hog except in one class, in which they had no entry. Out of thirteen ribbons at the Virginia State Fair they got eight. These winnings speak well for the quality of stock being bred at Moore's Brook, and very strikingly endorses our statement in regard to the herd, made in the June issue of the Southern Planter.

BILTMORE FARMS ,

BILTMORE, N. C.

Ia«eai/c> The hlgh standard and show yard « ual,tles of our JerseyB vCtSeyS . are known far and- wide as the Jersey breed.

The Biltmore Jerseys are business Jerseys.

During the past year our herd, including a large number of heifers and the dry cows, averaged 5,358.90 pounds of 5.38 per cent. milk.

There are 37 Churn-Tested Cows now at work in the herd.

A few young bulls and heifers, and also bred heifers for sale. ^0fi4ShlfCS We stm nav<i some beauties for sale—Boars and Sows.

PnilMn/ Barred and White Plymouth Rocks, White Wyandottes. A rOUMiry sp i en( ji,5 assortment of 1808 males and females for sale. White and Brown Leghorns. Of these we have only cockerels for sale. SPECIAL—200 pair mixed Homers and Dragoon Pigeons, nests and nappies, for sale. Desire to sell as a whole. Prices Low. Send for prices and so forth. Address—

BILTMORE FARMS, R. V. D. No. 2. Biltmore. N. O.

TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

WASHINGTON NOTES.

Few people realize that each year there is made and sold in this country over $100,000,0'00 worth of farm machinery. And it is all the more surprising that fully half of this goes into the hands of men who do not know how to select it wisely or to keep it properly. The waste which results runs "into millions of dollars annually. But the waste does not stop even here, for, in addition, implement manufacturers lose large sums in making and attempting to in troduce machinery unsuited to the work it is intended to perform, with a resultant loss to hoth farmers and manufacturers.

When the Department of Agriculture and State officials began to realize this condition of things, a number of agricultural colleges and experiment stations inaugurated courses of instruction and began systematic experimentation for the purpose of bringing about a general diffusion of intelligence about this feature of farm work.

The Iowa State College was the pioneer in this work and, as an illus-traiton of what one experiment accomplished, it might be well to cite a specific instance of good brought about. The college began its study of farm machinery with the operation of corn planters, because no single factor contributes more to the yield than securing a uniform stand, and this is impossible if the seed is not planted evenly. The machines for planting corn in hills are intended to drop from three to four grains, yet farmers have been buying, and implement manufacturers are selling, planters without any definite knowledge as to how they behave in this respect. In making the test all of the leading machines were included. It brought out the following facts: That no planter will drop evenly unless the grains have been graded. The introduction of seed grain graders followed, and was an. .immediate, important, practical gain to agriculture and to manufacturers of this kind of machinery. That with graded grain certain types of machines do accurate work while other types will not drop evenly under any conditions.

These investigations awoke the manufacturers to the good that might be accomplished and in almost every instance have they been willing to co-operate and accept the results as impartial and conclusive. Makers of machines found defective were as ready to accept the results as the makers of those which operated properly, the defects being corrected at once.

That these experiments are important to the welfare of the country there is no doubt, for with the cry each year of a scarcity of labor machinery which will lighten the toil on the farm argues for prosperity. Agricultural machinery is a most impor-

ttSFl

Brompton Stock Farm.

Jersey and Guernsey bulls ready for service. Jersey and Guernsey yearling heifers, of most approved breeding. Also a lot of beautiful grades.

Berkshire boars ready for service, also two Yorkshire boars, (bred by Capt. R. C. Vance) now ready.

Berkshires Sows in pig, not akin to boars offered. Several Fox Terrier puppies. "Write or come.

M. B. ROWE & CO, Fredericksburg, Va.

FOR SALEJ1

BERKSHIRE QILTS and BOARS.

WELL DEVELOPED

JERSEY BULL CALVES

CORRECT DAIRY TYPE.

GREAT PRODUCING ANCESTORS.

Forest Home Farm, ^grfcJZfc" 1,

DUROCS SHORTHORNS POLLED DURHAMS SHROPSHIRES

THE DUROC is the most prolific hog on earth. The large fairs of the West prove that they are the most popular hog of that section. The demand for them in the South shows conclusively that they are the coming hog of the South. We have the largest herd in the Bast and one of the most fashionably bred herds in the world. Our herd averaged over eleven pigs to the litter this year. Send for printed catalogue if you are interested in hogs. Boars, Sows in pig, Shotes and Fall Pigs for sale—two hundred in all. Send for "Duroe Pacts."

Shorthorn Cows, Heifers and bulls, dual purpose, pure Scotch and Scotch topped, at prices that will make you buy.

Shropshire Rams and Ewes, Yearlings and Lambs.

LESLIE D. KLINE, Vancluse, Va.

RED POLL CATTLE.

I offer for sale 1 three-year-old bull, 4 cows, 2 two-year-old and' 3 yearling heifers; also 3 heifer calves. All registered and eligible to registry in Red Poll Herd Book. Choice breeding and in good condition. Fine opportunity for establishing a herd. Will sell lot or single individuals. Foundation stock selected from best Ohio herd.

JOS. E. WILLARD.

Address: C. Blelght, Supt ,

Fairfax, Va.

Jersey Bulls and Berkshires

FOR SALE:—Two well bred Jersey Bulls; Berkshires all ages, some fine Boars ready for service. Brace's strain S. C. Brown Leghorn, Bradley Bros.' strain Barred Plymouth Rock Fowls.

Rice Depot Va.

River View Farm

C. M. Bass, Prop.,

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1017

Hyg'eia Herd

Pure-Bred Holstein-Friesians.

sired^y h ' erd ^^ & fSW m ° re We " bre(1 bUllS a " d bUl1 calves from lar & e milk and butter producing dams and

Pontiac Calypso's Son, No. 39469.

nf u^®' 3 ?" 1 7 0f , this ri .?£ ly br ?, < ? young sire, Pontiac Calypso, No. 61,100, has an official record of 28.43 pounds vnl lirX a?™ yS -i, W1 ? w mil \ T rec „° n rd of 560 ' 3 P° u "<Js, or an average of nearly 10 gallons per day for 7 days. His sire s dam, Beryl Wayne, No. 32,496, produced 27.87 pounds of butter in 7 days. The breed not only holds the milk, but also the butter records of the world.

Tsjn a L S Jo°,/ e i ne i )e pt blood to head your herd, therefore write for pedigrees and prices. possible offered for sale at the present time, as the herd will be numerically increased as rapidly as

W. Pitzhush Carter M. D., Owner,

HYGEIA HERD. Crozet Albemarle County, Virginia.

tant factor in the world's progress and in no class of agricultural implements has there been a more marked development than in that for reaping grain. The process of reaping is older than written history. Our earliest records give accounts of reaping. A tomb at Thebes, Egypt, probably built 1400 or 1500 B. C, bears a painting which shows the various operations connected with harvesting the grain.

The first attempts at a reaping machine were probably in the form of a header. In regard to the first historical account we know this to be true, for Pliny describes one at work in the fields of Gaul, which was of this type.

America, however, is the birthplace of the successful reaper. In no respect have American inventors exhibited their genius to a greater degree than in the development of the reaping machine. They have virtually fashioned their sickles into harvesters and emancipated the farm laborer from a galling task and made possible a wonderful progress in agriculture.

To Make Paper from Cornstalks.

The cornstalk which has always been regarded as good for nothing except fodder may, after all, be a blessing in disguise to the world, since in the present day when a paper famine is imminent, a substitute for wood pulp will be regarded with rejoicing. The cornstalk may soon be regarded with respect even by manufacturers if recent experiments by chemists of the Bureau of Forestry and Plant Industry of the Department of Agriculture are carried to further commercial development. It has been found that fine grades of paper can be manufactured from cornstalks at a cost almost as low as the present cost of making wood paper pulp. In the experiments the chemists used the "soda-cooked" process. The preparation of the pulp from the cornstalks was completed in from two to two and a half hours, whereas the preparation of the wood pulp requires from twelve to fourteen hours. Any variety of cornstalk can be used.

Address: W. F. Carter, Jr., Agent.

THE HOLLINS HERD

HIGH-CLASS HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS.

A working herd—working every day in the year.

This herd of 22 head, of which 14 head are heifers with 1st or 2d calf, milked from the 1st of Oct., 1907, to the 1st of Oct., 1908;

195,941 LBS. OF MILK; An Average of 8,906 lbs per cow per year.

YOUNQ REGISTERED BULLS FOR SALE.

JOS. A. TURNER, General Manager, Hollina Institute, Hollins, Va.

THE GROVE FARM.

HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS.

Four registered Bull Calves from > to 3 months old out of heavy milkera, for sale. Let me price you one.

Registered

Berkshires.

Future delivery at present. T. O. SANDY, BURKEVILLE, VA. X. & W. and Southern Railways.

orders only, taken

350 AN60RA GOATS

for sale. I have a very fine lot of does as well as some excellent bucks which I will sell at reasonable prices or exchange them for Horses or Mules. Write me at once,

-^sSSfesi&Siii'

M. M. SUTHERLAND.

WYTHVILLE, VA.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

[TsTovember,

Ft. Lewis Stock Farm

THE BEST PLACE FOR BLOOD AND REGISTERED

BERKSHIRES

White Leghorn, all breeds of Plymouth Rock, Black Minorca and Rhode Island Red Fowls Egge from these pure-blooded birds for sale.

DR. W. L. NOLEN, PROPRIETOR. 8ALEM. VA

The cost of wood paper pulp is $13.00 a ton, and the Government chemists' figures are not over $14.00 a ton during the very early stages of the development of its manufacture. As the industry is developed the cost will eventually be reduced to 50 per cent, of that for wood paper pulp.

Test of Milking Machines.

The Pennsylvania Experiment Station recenty undertook experiments to determine the effect of mechanical milkers as compared to hand methods. Ten cow? of the station herd were divided into two lots nearly equal as regards age, stage of lactation, and productive capacity as determined by past records. The experiment was divided into four periods of four weeks each. During the first and third period lot 1 was milked by machine and lot 2 by hand, and during the second and fourth periods lot 2 was milked by machine and lots 1 by hand. From the results of the tests, it was found that it required from two to three times as long to milk a cow with the machine as would be required by a good hand milker, but one operator can handle two or three machines, so he could milk four or more cows with the machine in less time than he could milk the same number of cows by hand. No difference in yield of milk was observed that could be attributed to the machine milking; no injury to the udder took place that could with certainty be charged to the use of the machine, while the general health of all the cows remain-•ed good during the entire experiment. As compared with the above results the experience of a large dairy in New York State which supplies certified milk exclusively may prove interesting. Milking machines were installed by the proprietor and it was found that there was considerable falling off in the yield of the cows while the machines were in use. It was also found that "hard milkers" would give little or no milk with the apparatus in operation. The dread of the milkers was this class of rows. while they rather enjoyed milking the "easy milkers," so they found no advantage in installing the machines inasmuch as it took just as long to draw the milk, comparatively, as by the hand method. In addition to this, in order to have milk free from bacteria ,it became necessary to thoroughly sterilize the tubing, rubber tips, etc., twice a day, and when it is

will

LARGE ENGLISH AND AMERICAN BERKSHIRES.

Size, with quality and early maturity. I offer for sale a few of the finest ready to breed gilts and ready for service boars I have seen this season.

Also a great number of choice pigs 8 to 10 weeks old. They are out of the best sows to be found in the State and were sired by my great breeding boars, Hunter of Biltmore, 3d and Earhart's Model Premier.

My prices are very reasonable and I guarantee entire satisfaction or refund your money. "Write for prices and description to D. E. EARHART, Bristow, Va.

Prize- Winning

BERKSHIRES FOR SALE.

Our herd won 33 ribbons at Richmond 1907, and Lynchburg and' Richmond, 1908; also won'silver cup offered by American Berkshire Assn. for best under-year herd (3 sows and boar).

We have Masterpiece, Lord Premier, Beryton Duke and Biltmore strains.

BRED SOWS, GILTS, YOUNG BOARS AND PIGS FOR SALE. MOORE'S BROOK SANITARIUM COMPANY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA.

Glenburn Berkshires.

Lord Premier and Premier Longfellow are dead, but we have their b«st sons. Our LORD PREMIER III Is not only a son of Lord Premier, but is a litter mate to Lord Premier II. and a brother in blood to Lord Premier's Rival. Our PREDOMINANT and DOMINANT are probably the best sons of Premier Longfellow. IMP. ROYAL HUNTER is a great Individual. We have Lord Premier, Premier, Longfellow, Masterpiece, Cham-br's Duke XXIII., and fine imported sows.

FORFARSHIRE GOLDEN LAD JERSEYS.

Write for Catalogue.

Dr. J. D. KIRK, Roanoke, Va.

BerKshire Boar Bargains.

Rather than castrate, I will sell $2S Service Boars for $15, for next 30 days only.

Imported and Lord Premiem No500001, blood. Scores of pigs and open and bred gilts cheap. No better blood in the world than my Royal Berkshires. Ordinary stock hogs near the 8 cent mark now.

THOS. S. WHITE amFKSZS&SSS Lexington, Va.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

1019

ROSE DALE HERD ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE

We offer to the farmers and breeders ef the East strictly choice Young Registered Bulls from weanlings to serviceable age. They are of the straight, broad-backed, low-down, compact, blocky type. Many of them show ring animals. They represent the blood of Master II. of Meadow Breok; Gay Lord, Jr.; Heather Lad II., Zaire V., Ermine Bearer, Blackbird of Corskle IV., Black Abbott. Abbottsford, Coquette X., Etc.

They are well grown out. In thrifty condition, but not pampered. Come and see them or write us your wants. Prices right. We can please you. Angus Cattle are our specialty. We raise ne other stock, but give them our undivided personal attertlon.

To avoid Inbreeding we offer an exceptionally good herd bull. Write for particulars. Address

ROSEDALE STOCK FARMS, JEFFERSONT0N,VA.

considered that in an establishment housing 125 cows, this is no small operation

Next to mining, the greatest industry of South Africa is sugar growing. The amount of money invested in this is $7,300,000. The production of the present year is estimated at 40,000 tons, with a valuation of about $63.00 per ton.

Poultry and Typhoid Fever. Every autumn for some years past the city of Washington has been visited by an epidemic of typhoid fever. At once the conclusion was drawn that the water supply of the Nation's Capital was contaminated, and an expensive system of filtration was established. Its advocates stated that •once it was in operation typhoid fever would be a thing of the past, but it "has come every year with its old-time regularity. Then the wells and pumps were closed. Then it was the milk supply was investigated and strict measures adopted for the control of the milk supply coming from nearby towns in Maryland and Virginia. Like a drowning man clutching at a straw, it is now considered that after all the innocent "biddy" is responsible for the whole trouble and so the city fathers have adopted an ordinance which it is calculated will limit the keeping of fowls to a small proportion. Under it chickens cannot be kept at all within 100 feet of a dwelling save in the case of regularly established provision markets or stores, in which case they must be confined to coops and disposed of within twenty-four hours. In blocks or squares improved 75 per cent, or less fowls may be kept under permits specially obtained from the health officer. This reasoning is not without cause, that chickens may be responsible to some degree for an outbreak of typhoid fever for the odors which come from most chicken yards of amateur poultry raisers are unbearable. The average city poultry keep-

THEY MUST BE SOLD!

ABERDEEN=ANQUS CATTLE

AND

HACKNEY MARES and COLTS.

Owing to loss by fire of our entire plant, Including every building except the residence, and because of our nursery business that must now receive our attention, we wish to dispose of the remainder of our herd of Angus Cattle and registered Hackney mares and colts, consisting of 12 Angus cows, heavy in calf; 9 bulls, 7 heifer calves; 9 Hackney mares and colts. We were for-

unate enough to save them from the flames and they are now offered to the public at prices that will sell them.

NO REASONABLE OFFER WILL

BE REFUSED FOR ANYTHING.

Come and see us or address

Myer & Son, - Bridgeville, Del.

OTHER HERDS COME AND GO BUT THE OLD ESTABLISHED

SUNNY HOME HERD

OF

ABERDEEN ANGUS CATTLE

Continues steadily along furnishing cattle of the better class and choicest breeding at the very lowest prices consistent with high quality. Two better bred bulls than "Baron Roseboy" 57666, and "Jester," 60071, are not owned in the South, and the females of the herd were sired by some of the most famous bulls of the breed. Young calves only for sale.

A. L. FRENCH, Owner, Station, Draper, N. C. at the farm.

R. F. D., Byrdvllle, Va.

EXCELLENT

SHORTHORN HEIFERS AND BULLS.

By the Scotch topped Bull, Royal Lad (advertised by the old reliable breeders, P. S. Lewis & Son, as the best bull ever bred on their farm) by the International winner, Frantic Lad, son of The Lad for Me, champion of America in 1900. Also a few fresh Shorthorn Cows.

Pure Yearling SOUTHDOWN RAMS by Senator, a prize winner in Canada as a lamb and a yearling. He was bred by Hon. George Drummond, the foremost Southdown breeder in America.

R. J. HANCOCK & SON, "Ellerslle," Charlottesville, Va.

THE SOUTHERN" PLAXTER

[November,

er considers that the chicken will live and thrive under conditions which he himself would not bear for even an instant. There is an accumulation of droppings of may be a year or two standing. The yards are littered up with the remains of kitchen waste, feathers, droppines, etc., offering tempting bait for the ' housefly, which comes for its dinner and then, without wiping its feet,, pays a visit to the dining table and alights in the sugar or butter. The results will be looked for with interest, for if, after the regulation is strictly enforced, it is found that the number of typhoid cases decrease, the lesson may be taken to heart by suburbanites who build a close shack for the fowls, clean it out whenever they have time, and then wonder why the children are always ill.

The Year's Crop. This country is a big one, as the recently published estimates of the crops show. It is stated that Uncle Sam's ledger will show a yield of 2,565.289,000 bushels of corn or 255,-000,000' bushels more than the average corn crop of the ten years 1898 to 1907. It is also estimated that the combined yield of spring and winter wheat is 659.000.000 bushels as against a total of 634,0'87.000 bushels in 1907. Oats to the amount of 789,161,000 bushels as against 754,000'.000 bushels last year have been produced.

Politics and Rural Delivery. The political spell-binders and writers have been aided in no little degree in disseminating literature to a greater proportion of the country voters this year than ever before through the rural free delivery system. The rural carriers now number approximately 40,000, or the strength of a full army corps; and their vehicles are in evidence in all the thick-lv populated States and Territories of the Union. The aggregate influence of the prompt dissemination of the news, which is made practicable through their agency, is bound to be both lasting and important.

GUY ELLIOTT MITCHELL.

TORN'ADO ENSILAGE CUTTER.

We invite attention to the advertisement of W. R. Harrison & Co., Massilon, O., in this issue. This company makes the well known Tornado Ensilage Cutter, which is familiar to a number of our readers. They advise us that they are now furnishing a machine with a small blower attached, which will be found very serviceable in preparing roughage on an ordinary barn floor, or for filling a silo with ensilage. The blower outfit can be operated with from four to six horsepower. An interesting feature of this machine is the interchang-able cylinder, which is amply de-cribed and illustrated in their catalogue, which will be mailed free on request.

Poland- Chinas.

A superior lot of Pigs by "Top Chief," Gray's Ideal 65805, and other noted boars. Can furnish pairs not akin to those previously purchased. Come to headquarters and get the best at one-half Western prices. Oldest herd in the State.

J. B. GRAY, Fredericksburg, Va.

FOX HOUNDS.

We have for sale a lot of young Fox Hound Puppies ranging in age from 2 to 11 months. These are pure Walker strain of hounds. Sires and dams, all registered. Our hounds have plenty of speed and wonderful endurance. No quitters. They are all white and black spotted in color. They are great hunters. We keep a fine pack for our hunting, and we think we know what good ones are.

Write for description and prices.

H. A. S. HAMILTON & SONS, SHADWELL, VA.

IF YOU WANT THE BEST HOG

Buy from those who glvo their sole attention to the production of the greatest Berkshire Type.

—WE DO.

Our herd comprises the moat splendid lines of breeding and Individual* that money can buy or experience develop In American and En gli s h Bred Berkshire*.

"LORD PREMIER OF THE BLUE RIDGE," 103565, the greatest living boar, heads our herd. If yon are Interested write.

THE BLUE RIDGE BERKSHIRE FARMS, ASHEVILLK, N. O.

CHESTER WHITES.

Registered herd: first piemium stock; largest and most .jrolific ho& on record; 3 sows, 41 pigs breeQing stock, 400 to 700 pounds; easy feeding; Service Boars, Sows b'isX Fancy Pigs for sale. My time, to this breed, li years. The best money can buy ana leed produce. P. M. FUXKHOTTSEIt, Winchester, Va. Merchants National Bank, Winchester, Va.

Every Farmer Should Have His Own Thresher

"Little Giant" Thresher runs with light power and will clean all kinds of grain-wheat, rye, oats, rice, flax, barley, kaffir corn and grass seeds. Attachments for threshing cow peas and for "pulling" peanuts. Made in three sizes—for 3, 6 and 8 H. P. Gasoline Engine. Any power oan be used. We also make Level-Tread Powers, Feed and Ensilage Cutters, Saw Machines, etc. Send for FREE catalogue.

IIK. T.liN 1 ■'.!{ «fc SONS, 86 Brood St., Lansdsle, P».

MORVEN PARK ESTATE

The Property of WESTMORELAND DAVIS, I^q.

Large Yorkshire Swine.

These pigs are hardy and prolific. The two boars that took the first prize in their classes at the Virginia State Fair had been exposed without cover or shed for a year in the open. They had, as have all our pigs, well developed carcasses, covered with heavy growth of hair that insures against scurf or skin troubles in hot climate. These pigs mature early, are good mothers, and are very prolific. They are the bacon pig of England and of the West.

WE HAVE THE FINEST STRAIN OF IMPORTED BLOOD FOR SALE.

Registered Guernsey Cattle.

Dairymen shipping to the city markets will find a Guernsey bull most valuable to cross on their herds, thus increasing the content of butter fat in their milk or cream. Especially is this cross desirable when shipping to cities where dealers pay upon the basis of butter fat.

At the Pan Amercian Exposition, the only time the Guernsey met other breeds in competition, the Guernsey led all breeds for the most economical production of high-class butter.

We Have Brilliantly Bred Bulls For Sale.

Dorset Horn Sheep.

We have the largest flock of Imported Dorsets in America. They are of one type and both thrifty and prolific.

WE ARE BOOKING ORDERS FOR NEXT YEAR'S DELIVERY OF LAMBS.

For further particulars, address,

LIVE STOCK DEPARTMENT MORVEN PARK ESTATE,

LEESBURG, LOUDOUN CO., VA

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

A ROOFING OF ASBESTOS.

Asbestos is a material with which the manufacturing world is a great deal more familiar than is the agricultural world. We are sure many of our readers would like to know more of this remarkable mineral. For it is a natural mineral and not a manufactured product, as is supposed by those who have heard of it incidentally as a fire-proof material. While asbestos is used and is a necessity in a thousand and one ways, yet it is asbestos as used for rooffing and siding buildings which is of greatest importance to farmers. Therefore we wish to draw attention to a book, offered free by one of our advertisers, which not only lexpjains what asbestos is, where it comes from, and how and where it is used, but more particularly tells of its advantages when made up into ready roofing, and ready siding for farm buildings.

Asbestos Roofing has many advantages over the ordinary prepared roofing, which are summarized as follows: It costs less per year than any other; it is the only permanently durable prepared roofing; it affords the best kind of fire protection; it requires no coating or painting; it is cheaper than shingles, tin or sheet-iron roofings; it is absolutely watertight in all kinds of weather; it keeps the building warm in winter, cool in summer, comfortable always. It gives a building an attractive appearance without painting; it does not taint rain water; it can be a_pplied by any one, no special tools being required. It comes ready to lay, with nails and cement in each roll.

Such are the claims made for J-M Asbestos Roofing, and the book sives sufficient reasons in proof of these claims. The roofing is made only by the H. W. Johns-Manville Co., with headquarters in New York and branch stores in all large cities. This firm is one of the largest and most reliable concerns in the roofing business, having been established over fifty years and having a world-wide reputation for producing nothing but the best. The firm will be glad to mail this book to all our interested readers, whether they intend to buy roofing just now or not. Write for their book No. 62 and samples, to the nearest address, which is as follows: H. W. Johns-Manville Co., 100 William St., New York Citv, N. Y.

DEWITT POULTRY FARM.

Mr. G. E. Guvernator, proprietor, Highland Springs, Va., advises us that at the recent State Fair he made 342 entries, with 422 birds of 59 different varieties. He won the total of 312 premiums, divided as follows: 137 firsts, 92 seconds, 69 thirds. 8 fourths, and 8 fifths.

Loads itself with §fsre& Has a solid breech ITS SAFE

This is the greatest game gun in the world. 1 Old hunters write us that it is hard hitting, quick in action and safe. The city sportsman, who shoots only occasionally prefers it, because of its light reccil. The Kick reloads it and you have 5 shots at your command. Five shots, solid breech, hammerless.

Write for descriptive folder and Game Laws of U.S.and Canada

REMINGTON ARMS CO., Ilion, N. Y. Agency, 313 Broadway, New York, N. Y,

W» M Ml» p iBMBWM^B M IWWHWM IIIIII H lll M IIIM^MgW IMMUlM !

S. C. Rhode Island Reds

Great Bargains Offered.

My birds are bred from chickens and eggs bought at fancy prices from Philip Caswell of Rhode Island and Lamsden & Son of Tennessee, two of the most noted breeders of R. I. Reds in America—all from their prize-winning pens. Mine are as fine a lot as you ever saw—true to type in all respects, and I am able to offer chickens and eggs at "hard times" prices.

I have a few hens of my fine old stock that I will mate with April hatched cockerels and sell at low rates. Write for particulars.

ROBERT G. HUNDLEY,

P. O. Box 118, Farmville, Va.

JERSEY CATTLE.

Htgn-bred Covrs Fresh to Pall.

Heifers Bred to Calves In Spring.

Bulls—All A g;en— A. Few Ready for Service.

BERKSHIRES.

All Ages and of Excellent. Breeding. Get my prices before placing your order. EVERGREEN FARMS, W. B. Gates, Proprietor, RICE DEPOT, VA.

j& SAVE MONEY j&

By writing when in need of any description of

Machinery, Boilers, Engines, Tanks, Cars,

Kail Beams, Channels, Plates, Angles, Ihreaded PipesizesU to6inches.) All sizes iron pipe and shells for road draining, etc. Boxes, Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers, Cable, Belting, and thousands of other useful articles in the Largest Stock in the South of used

j& SUPPLIES J&

CLARENCE COSBY. 1519-31 East Cary St. RICHMOND, VA. . L. D. Phone, No. 3526.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1023

Incorpornted l!l<>7. "STANDARD OF EXCEM.EJICB." Capital Stock »i(m.iu<«.

THE VIRGINIA STOCK FARM CO.

Incorporated. Bellevue, Bedford County, Virginia.

J. ELLIOTT HALL, General Manager.

Copyright 1908

By

The Virginia Stoek Farm Co., Inc.

PAIR OF ROADSTERS. Typical Specimens.

Drawing by Geo. Ford Morris.

"INAUGURAL ANNOUNCEMENT"

Is the name of our first catalogue. It treats of the objects and purposes of The Virginia Stock Farm Co., Inc., and tells In a pleasing manner the reasons which lead to the founding of a concern which promises to play a vitally important part in advancing the live- stock industry in this historic Commonwealth.

THIS BEAUTIFUL CATALOGUE.

Will interest every one who is a farmer or an admirer of high class live-stock. It will be of material assistance to new breeders, as it tells which breeds are best adapted to the requirements of Virginia farmers. It is profusely illustrated with pictures of Standard Types of those particular breeds, made from original drawings by such world-renowned artists as George Ford Morris and John W. Hills. It will be

MAILED FREE UPON REQUEST.

Just write us a post-card giving your name; your address, either post-offlce box, rural route or street number; your city; county and State, and mention The Southern Planter when writing. Address the company as above, or the General Manager. Write to-day before you forget it.

DO IT NOW!

J. ELLIOTT HALL, BELLEVTJE, VIRGINIA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November.

HINTS BY MAY MANTON. Misses Kimono. Perforated for Sacque Length. The kimono that is made with sleeves and body portion in one is one of the newest and prettiest that has appeared, also is so simple to make that it involves almost no labor, consequently allows of variety with the minimum of cost as well as effort. The material illustrated is one of the pretty new figured cotton crepes, trimmed with- bands of wash silk, but. those that, are available for kimonos are almost without limit. Oriental crepe and Oriental silks are always charming., but the inexpensive print ed wash fabrics are always obtainable and always pretty, and can be trimmed with any contrasting bands, while later the model will be found a good one for cashmere, albatross, wash flannel and the like.

6J02 Hisses' Kimono, 14 and 16 years.

The kimono is made with fronts and backs and there are shoulders, under-arm and back seams. The trimming is applied over the edges and there is a single large button at the neck which effects the closing. When the sacque length is desired, it is cut off on indicated lines.

The quantity of material required the 16-year size is 6 yards 24, 32 or 44 inches wide with 1 yard of silk for

Fall Fashion Catalog Free!

WRITE TO-DAY FOR OUR 64-PAGE

NEW FALL FASHION CATALOG

Containing latest fashions in Dress Goods, Silks, Ladies', Children's, Misses' and Boys' Suits, Cloaks, Waists, Shoes, Hosiery, Underwear, Gloves and General Dry Goods and Home Furnishings. Send for it to-day. A postcard will bring it to you.

Write for Samples of Dress Goods and Silks.

MILLER & RHOADS,

THE LARGEST DEPARTMENT STORE IN THE SOUTH,

Richmond, Virginia.

Annual Poultry and Dog Show

VIRGINIA POULTRY ASSOCIATION

RICHMOND, VA. OEC.

-12-1908

A high class exhibition of pure-bred Poultry Pigeons, Pet Stock and Dosk.

Exhibits desired. Premium list showing list of handsome special and cash prizes now ready. Write for same to W. R. Todd., Secy., 426 N. 6th St., Richmond, Va,,

We Want You to Attend and SHoiv With Vs.

the: bann er show of the: south.

Keep Your Savings Safe.

Money deposited with the Planters National Bank, is not only absolutely safe, but is earning you a liberal rate of interest, and is protected by the LARGEST SURPLUS AND PROFITS OF ANY NATIONAL BANK SOUTH OF WASHINGTON, D. C.

We invite your account. Whether large or small, it will receive the same courteous and liberal treatment that is accorded the thousands of our well-satisfied depositors.

3 Per Cent, interest paid on sayings accounts from date of deposit.

Write to-day for booklet, "How to Bank by Mail."

Planters National BanK,

Richmond, Va.

Capita!,

Surplus and Profits

$ 300.000 00 $ 1,140.000 00

JOHN F. JERMAN,

Headquarters for Virginia Property, Fairfax Va.

Waahtngton Office, No. 1220 H Street, N. TV... and Vlemna, Va.

If you want'to buy a grain, dairy, fruit, truck, poultry or blue grass fara. city or village property, or any kind of business proposition, such as hotel* stores, livery stables, schools, or any kindd of shop, It will pay yon to sen* for my 60-page catalogue. It Is full of bargains, near steam and electric railroads and near Washington, D. C, where we have the best of markets. I an always ready to show my property. I try to please.

MY MOTTO: " HONESTY AND FAIR DEALINGS." When corresponding 'with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

bands for the long kimono; 3 yards 24, 32 or 44 inches wide for the short kimono.

The pattern 6102 is cut in sizes for girls 14 and 16 years of age and will be mailed to any address by the Fashion Department of this paper on receipt of ten cents.

8124 Girl's Dress, 8 to 14 years.

One-piece dresses are being much worn this autumn by the younger girls and they unquestionably possess a great many practical advantages. This one includes a little yoke that can be of lace or embroidery for contrasting silk and which is trimmed to give the princess idea. In the illustration it is made from one of the pretty plaid materials with trimming of plain cloth in matching color while the chemisette is of lace. Plainer dresses, however, can be made by using tucked taffeta for the chemisette and the material of the dress for the bands with some finish of soutache or other braid. For school and occasions of the sort chiffon Panama cloths and materials of similar weight are much to be commended and the plaids of the season are unusually handsome while they

Large Family Size. No. 10-Price $2.50.

dm

It is really better to own an "Enterprise" Meat Chopper and cut your sausage meat easily, quickly and well. than to trust to a bor-rowed machine to ^^ "grind" it. The

No. 25. 4 Quart Japanned. Price $5.50.

4 sizes. Tinned and /! Japanned.

Half the work, at butchering time is spent in lard and sausage making. You can increase your products and lessen the time and labor of Sausage Stuffing and Lard Pressing

if you use an

Meat

and

Food Chopper

is made in standard family sizes, and not only saves hail' the work at butchering time, but is useful in the kitchen every day in the year. "Enterprise" Meat fjhdpperscuethe meat with a revolving steel knife against a perforated steel cutting plate without crushing, and make tougli meat tend it. Easily .leaned. practically unbreakable, and will last for years.

Made in 45 sizes and slvles: tor Hand, Mean 1 and Electric power. No. 6, Small family size. Si.75: No. 10, Large Family Size, 82.80. Sold direct if not to be had from your dealer.

Sausage Sfuffer

and

Lard Press

Stuffs sausage quickly and uniformly. Patented Corrugated Spout prevents air entering the casing, thus assuring the preservation of the sausage.' Cylinder is bored absolutely true. Meat cannot rise above the plate.

Can be changed into a Lard Press in a jiffy. Machine is sirongly made and will last fur years.

Other famous "Enterprise" household specialties are Coffee Mills: Raisin Seeders: Fruit, W me and Jelly Presses : Cherry Stoners; ('old Handle Sad Irons, el.'., etc.

book forthe name "Knter-prise"on the machine you buy.

No. 750 Price

$8.50 For Dry Bones only.

Cracked corn, ground bone, oyster and other shells, etc., are important items of egg-making material and must be furnished in winter to secure an abundance of high-priced eggs. Tlieycan be furnished at lowest cost by the use of an

Bone, Shell

and

Corn Mill

Order one early in the season, and the hens will surely pay for it. The mill shown in cut costs only' S8.50. Will grind coin, dry bones, oyster and other shells, etc., making valuable poultry rood. May be used unmaking bone meal fertilizer.

A good all-round in-ill for fa r in e rs and poultry men, and for strength ami durability is unexcelled. Weight, BO lbs. ( apacity. 1'4 bushels ol'coi 11 per hour. Look for the name "Unturprist "' on the machine you buy. Sold by Tfardware and General

Stores, etc.

FREE—The. "Enterprising Housekeeper"—a boot containing

over 200 choice recipes and kitchen lntps. Kent on request.

THE ENTERPRISE MFC. CO. OF PA. 223 Dauphin Street, Philadelphia, Pa.

STRONGEST FENCE MADE

When you buy our High Carbon Coiled Spring Fence you buy strength, service and durability combined. Twenty years of experience—hard knocks, has taught us that the best fence Is made from heavily galvanized Coiled Spring Steel Wire

CLOSELY WOVEN FROM

TOP TO BOTTOM

Our Fence Is so closely woven that small pigs cannot "wiggle** through It. So strongthe vicious bull cannot "*faze** It. We have no agents. We do not sell to dealers but sell direct to the user

AT WHOLESALE PRICES

FREIGHT PREPAID

Colled Wire provides for contraction and expansion and prevents sagging between posts. Eve*y pound of wire in our fence is made in our own wire mill from the best high carbon steel. We give

30 DAYS FREE TRIAL

That our customers may be sure they are satisfied. We make a full line of FARM AND POULTRY FENCE. Our Wholesale Prices will save you money. W rl»» tmUry for our 40 page free Catalog.

COILED SPRING FENCE COMPANY, Box 52 Winchester, Indiana,

J

TELL, THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

are always becoming to the younger girls and always satisfactory.

The dress is made with blouse and skirt joined to a belt. The blouse is tucked and made over a fitted lining while it is closed at the back, and the sleeves are trimmed after a pretty and novel manner. The skirt is cut in seven gores with the trimming extended over the left front seam. This feature could be omitted, however, if something very simple is wanted and the trimming be allowed to finish at the belt. The closing is made invisi-bly at the back.

The quantity of material required for the medium size (ten years) is 7% yards 24, 6% yards 32, or 4% yards 44 inches wide, with %-yard 18 inches wide for the chemisette, %-yard 27 inches wide for trimming.

The pattern 6124 is cut in sizes for girls of 8, 10, 12 and 14 years of age, and will be mailed to any address by the Fashion Department of this paper on receipt of ten cents.

WANTS AN "EVERYDAY" HARROW.

Question: What is a good, all-around Disc Harrow for every-day work on the farm?

Answer: Among a good many others that are excellent there is one specially good: the Cutaway Harrow, made by the Cutaway Harrow Company.

You need lightness, (easy draft), strength (resistance under pressure of sod, roots, stones, etc.) and that the harrow be strongly knit together (which guarantees durability).

The Cutaway Harrows leave the land loose, mellow, open-ready to draw in moisture, and retain it for the plant rootlets. Many a farmer is discing his stubble and laid-over land, for he knows he will add many a bushel to the next year's crops. A writer in "Mail and Breeze" recommends for all-around work the harrow with the 16-inch disc, because it revolves oftener, and pulverizes the soil more rapidly and more 'thoroughly than a larger size.

The Cutaway people make 120 sizes and styles in widths, from two feet to sixteen, for every imaginable use; cutting down stalks, cutting up sod land before plowing, reducing clods to powder, and covering peas, beans, grain, etc.

A Cutaway Disc Harrow is a great sod reducer. It will cut and break the toughest sod without the help of a plow.

This answer cannot be extended here, but since you are interested, send to the Cutaway Harrow Company, of Higganum, Conn., for their free catalogue. It describes just the style that will serve you best.

Loudoun Co., Va., Mar. 9, 1908. The Southern Planter is a source of great help and pleasure to ttip S. P. LUCK.

Fruit Trees Require Food

You cannot expect a full yield of rich milk from a half-starved cow.

Neither can you get a bountiful yield of fine, full-flavored, sound fruit from trees not properly nourished with

POTASH

The soil should be enriched with a commercial fertilizer containing a good percentage of Potash. The proper proportion is from 9 to 12 per cent., according to requirements.

The experience of successful fruit-growers proves that Potash, supplied in proper proportions, causes the trees to grow more sturdy and vigorous— better able to resist disease. And fruit grows larger, sounder, finer-flavored, and ripens earlier.

Send for free book on Fertilizing:, prepared by practical experts, and of great value to the fruit-grower.

GERMAN KALI WORKS, Candler Bldg., Atlanta, Ga.

NEW YORK—93 Nassau St. CHICAGO—Monadnock Block

A ddress office nearest you

SAN JOSE SCALE

Our product for killing San Jose Scale has all the good features and none of the bad ones of other remedies. It is not an experiment in any way.

WE CAN SAVE YOU 50 PER CENT

The first cost of our product is less than Lime Sulphur and large fruit growers report it to be more effectual than any other remedy.

Write Now For Our Free Book

You can learn of the best remedies only by answerini

us now and read what we have to say.

Our products have been sold on merit for 25 years.

advertising. Write

P. G. STREET & CO.,

27 Railroad St.

ROCHESTER N. Y.

mm

filTWMY

CLARK'S DOUBLE ACTION CUTAWAY" HARROW.

WITH EXTENSION HEAD Is made especially for Orchard work. It will increase your crops 25 to 50 per cent. This machine will cut from 28 to 30 acres, or will double-cut 15 acres in a day. It is drawn by two medium horses. It will move 15000 tons of earth one foot in a day, and can be set to move the earth but little, or at so great an angle as to move all the earth one foot. Runs true in line of draft and keeps the surface true.

All other disk harrows have to run in half lap. f ^^XTtH K rnnps The jointed pole takes all the .^J-*"""^ 'iE^r -V_

weight off the horses' necks, and Aj\ if/r^^f""/ """^ "^! keeps their heels away from the JL Sm i h m mm

We rake 120 sizes and styles of A IM/jMiM\Jfi§ D0UBLE \) Disk Harrows. Every machine f ully IM If" \ fI) U, ■*» ACTION Jf warranted. Entire satisfaction W \ V \.*^ „ . „_-„,

\- v— *■— "^ HARROW

for free Booklet with full particulars.

guaranteed.

Send to-day

CUTAWAY HARROW COMPANY, 861 Main St., HIGGANITM.CONN.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southerm Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1027

Kv^^t9*| .

» Wj

Make Every Grain of Corn Count

«

tf ,iF

,/>'

M >'.

If the feeder made his own price on his market stock he could base his selling price on the cost of his feed and labor, but he is at the mercy of the stock buyers. He must, therefore, use great caution not to put more into a steer or hog than the market will allow him. Working, as he does, at this disadvantage, every grain of corn counts. Two matters of the most vital importance enter into the cost of market stock. One is the health of the animal, the other is the digestive capacity. Both the health of the animal and the strength of its digestion have been carefully considered by Dr. Hess (M. D., D. V. S.) and he has applied the teachings of his profession to these important details. Every ingredient in Dr. Hess Stock Food has the indorsement of the medical colleges for increasing the digestion and insuring the feeder against loss by disease or disorder of the system generally.

contains the bitter tonics long known to improve digestion. Iron, the best blood and tissue builder, nitrates to allow the system to expel more freely the poisonous waste that is deposited under heavy feeding, and laxatives to regulate the bowels. This prescription is guaranteed to pay for itself many times over in increased growth and improved conditions. Remember your whole profit is risked to the digestion and condition of your animal. Can you believe the medical writers that are back of every ingredient in Dr. Hess Stock Food ? If they are reliable your profit is assured. This system of increasing the profit by increasing digestion has become known as "The Dr. Hess Idea." Another strong point in "The Dr. Hess Idea," besides saving feed that is wasted through ill-condition and poor digestion, is the increased appetite, making the animal consume more roughage, more hay, more cheap feed. It you have never tested it do 60 now—at our expense it it is not satisfactory. It your dealer cannot supply you, send your order to ns. The dose is small and it is fed but twice a day. Free from the 1st to the 10th of each month—Dr. Hess (M.I>., b.V.S.) will prescribe tor ailing animals. You can have his 96-page Veterinary Book any time for the asking. Send 2c stamp and mention this paper.

100 lbs. $5.00; Except in Canada and extreme West and South. DR. HESS & CLARK,

25 lb. pail 81.60. Smaller quantities at a slight advance. Ashland, Ohio.

Also manufacturers of Dr. Hess Poultry Pan-a-ce-a and Instant Louse Killer.

DR. HESS POULTRY PAN-A-CE-

often stands between the poultryman and failure. It is a tonic, the prescription of Dr. Hess (M.D., D.V.S.) and its effect is to give greater strength to the digestive organs of the hen. That means better use of food and greater returns from it. Where Poultry Pan-a-ce-a is given once a day in soft feed, hens are uniformly healthy and great layers. Poultry Pan-a-ce-a is "The Dr. Hess Idea" of making growth and egg production by increasing digestion. It is made up of ingredients always helpful for curing gapes, roup, cholera and other diseases due to ill-condition. It is a guaranteed egg producer, a help to moulting hens and of great benefit to little chickens. A penny's worth is enough for thirty hens one day.

1} 2 lbs. 25c; mail or express 40c 5 lbs. 60c; 12 lbs. $1.25; 25 Sb. pail$2.50. Except in Canada and extreme West and South.

Send 2c for Dr. Hess 48-page Pouitry Book, Free.

INSTANT LOUSE KILLEM KILLS LICE

The American Well Works, Aurora, 111., invites correspondence from people interested in deep well irrigation and mining machinery and supplies generally in these lines. Their centrifugal pumps deserve special attention. Farmers may join together and get a prospecting equipment to discover oil and other mineral resources of their lands and, besides, may do cash work for outside people. Address as above for full particulars.

Baltimore Co., Md., Aug. 13, '08. I wish to congratulate you upon getting out a journal so useful to the farming community. I have dropped all other agricultural papers, but look eagerly for the Southern Planter ^ach month and am guided largely in my. farm management by it.

S, G. MILLER

CLARK'S SAMPSON TOBACCO PRESS AND JACKS.

eraaB**?

£- i-tai "-.'■._•■.,..■

Every tobacco grower should have one or more of these presses. Save money by using this press; make money pressing for others. The platform »f this press Is 3% feet wide and 4 feet long. The height In the clear is 4 feet. The press or jack stand Is on top of the beam overhead. This Is a very powerful press..

Many Hundredsof them are now In use in the tobacco Sections We sometimes make them much larger for special work. It Is used for pressing In barrels, hogheads and cases, fruit, tobacco, dry goods, also for tank scrap, etc. It weighs about 660 lbs. The wood work Is made of the best hard maple, ash or oak. The Iron work is constructed of the best malleable iron and steel, strongy bolted together. Write to-day for FREE BOOKLET and Special Prices. CUTAWAY HARROW CO , 861 Main St., HIGGANUM, CONN.

Buckingham Co., Va., Aug. 31, '08. I profit by reading the Southern Planter and enjoy it.

H. M. WHTTE

Charlotte Co., Va., Sept. 8, '08. I could not get along without the Southern Planter. May it continue to prosper. CHAS. C. GUTHRIE.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

ENQUIRERS' COLUMN.

All inquiries must reach us by the 15th of the month previous to the issue, or they cannot be answered until the month following.

SALT ON HAY OR STOVER.

In the October number of The Planter you advised against the use of salt on corn stover and hay, also that you can readily see how it might be in jurious. Will you kindly tell in the next issue in what way it could be injurious, and why it would not be beneficial in corn stover when cut a little damp ,also on hay? Understand, I am not advocating its use on damaged roughness, in order to get stock to eat it. J. G. BUSTON.

Tazewell Co., Va.

\

Salt is a very good absorbent of moisture from the atmosphere and, applied on hay or stover, attracts and holds the moisture on the feed when, to ensure its good keeping, this should be got rid of. Salt will cure and preserve animal substances, but vegetable substances are usually prejudicially affected by it. A long experience in making and saving hay and fodder crops has convinced us that neither salt nor lime, which is sometimes used, are of any value, but are detrimental to the feed.—Ed.

ORCHARD GRAS' 7 '- MOON FARMING.

Will you please tell me if orchard grass will grow and thrive in a grove of large oak trees. If not, is there any grass that will?

Is there anything in the practice, or, rather, in the theory, of having to nlant certain vegetables on a certain time of the moon and others on another time or sign?

A SUBSCRIBER.

Prince Edward Co., Va.

There are few grasses that grow successfully under trees. If orchard grass is sown thickly, say at the rate of three or four bushels to the acre, under the oaks, it will probably make as good a cover for the land and stand as long as any other variety.

Take no notice of the Moon Farmers. If you will prepare the land nropprlv and make it rich enough, you can grow crops on it planted at any time of the moon. The moon has nothing to do with the growth ot yield of crops, and they will never find out whether they were planted on a waxing or a waning moon. Make the conditions of the soil right and keep the crops well cultivated and free from weeds, and disregard the moon.—Ed.

(J 1 ® ® ® ©©©©^^ ©•*•>'©'©©© ©©Cr'^©©©©©©©

0 O O

o

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

JUST OUT!

Write For a New List Farms in Northern Virginia Loudoun and Fairfax Counties

STOCK FARMS A SPECIALTY.

A.EBUELL

REAL ESTA1E BROKER,

HERNDON, VA.

Will You Exchange Yoar Virginia Farm For Gty Property ?

0

0 0 0 0

0

0 0 O O 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©g

..ELMWOOD NURSERIES..

— We are Growers and Offer a Fine Assortment of—

APPLES,

CHKRRJB8, NECTARINES, GOOSEBERRIES, RASPBERRIES,

ORNAMENTALS,

PEACHES,

PLUMS

GRAPE VINES,

STRAWBERRIES,

ASPARAGUS,

SHADE TREES,

WRITE FOB CATALOGUE.

PEARS,

APRICOTS,

CURRANTS,

DEWBERRIES,

HORSERADISH,

HEDGE PLANTS.

J. B. WATKINS & BRO., Midlothian, Va.

AGRICULTURAL LIME.

from MANUFACTURER TO FARMER CHEAP

No Agents

Lime Screenings and Run of Kiln. TAZEWELL WHITE LIME WORKS, - - - - -

No. Tazewell, Va.

GROUND PHOSPHATE ROCK.

Manufactured by us analyses 28 to 30 per rent. Phosphoric Acid, and 1& the most economical form of Phosphoric Acid known. Write the Department of Plant Industry, Washington, D. C, for Farmers' Bulletin, No. 262 and A-52, for information, sent free. For prices and other information, address W. B. ALEXANDER & CO., Mt. Pleasant, Tenn.

ONION GROWING—IRISH POTATOES. 1. Will yon please tell me how many onions land that produces from a half to three-quarters of a bale of

California Privet

An ideal hedge for lawn purposes. A .quick grower. No thorns Write for free catalogue of Trees, Plants, Vines, Garden Tools, etc. Spray. Pumps and Spraying Mixtures. ARTHUR J. COLLINS, Box R, Moorestown, N. J.

TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1029

4H3-MW<H-S4<H<rt^.H>H>H>«H<^

1880

SAVAGE SEEDS

1908

We have in stock the following varieties of new Seed, such as GERMAN OR CRIMSON" CLOVER, SEED RYE, SEED OATS, OLD FASHION CLOVER SEED, TIMOTHY, HERDS GRASS SEED, KENTUCKY BLUE GRASS, ORCHARD GRASS. WE ALSO HANDLE GRAIN, HAY, MILL FEED, ETC. Write us for prices and samples.

We sell the purest and best Seed Grain and Grass Seed grown in this country. Guarantee quality as good and prices as reasonable as any other house in the trade. Write for prices.

We are also large buyers of Home-Grown Seed Grain and Grass Seeds Send Samples and we will make yon offer delivered at your railroad station.

N. R. SAVAGE & SON, :: RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

cotton per acre should produce? What kind of fertilizer, and how should you use it? What kind or kinds of onion sets should I use, and where can I get the same and the prices? When is the best time to plant and to harvest them? Also, can you tell me of some firm or firms in Richmond or elsewhere where T could sell my crop as soon as harvested? What price should I receive for them per bushel?

2. What is the earliest and the latest Irish potato I can plant, and the fertilizer for same, and how to use it? When could I plant here, I mean at Shelby? Where can I get the Irish potatoes, and what should I pay for them? How many bushels should I make per acre?

O. L. McFARLAND.

Cleveland Co., N. C.

1]. We doubt very much whether you can succeed in growing onions on land which will only produce from a half to three-quarters of a bale of cotton per acre. Onions require for their successful growth a loam soil more inclined to sand than clay and that this land should be made very rich, and a peculiarity of the crop is that it can be grown year after year on the same land with greater success if only the land is kept rich enough. To one unaccustomed to onion growing a piece of land manured for the crop as successful onion growers manure it would astonish you. They put on rich composted manure several inches thick and then add high-grade complete commercial fertilizer heavily and in this way make crops all the way from 200 to 1,000 bushels to the acre. We would advise you to begin in a small way and experiment with the crop. Try a quarter of an acre of the land. Break it deeply and finely now and then cover it with

ESTABLISHED 1850.

n£

TREES!

1,200 ACRES.

*£

We are wholesale growers of first class nursery stock of all kinds, Fruit, Shade, Ornamental Trees, Shrubbery, Hedges, Small Fruits, etc., Asparagus, Strawberries, and California Privet In large quantities.

The BEST is the CHEAPEST. Ours Is the CHEAPEST because It la the BEST. Handling Dealers' orders a specialty. Catalogue free.

FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY COMPANY.

Baltimore, Maryland.

42 YEARS EXPERIENCE.

OLD DOMINION NURSERIES.

W. T. HOOD & CO., Prop., Richmond, Va.

Growers of High Grade Nursery Stock.

Special Inducements In Peach and Kicffer Pears for Commercial Orchards. Pull line of Fruit Trees, Ornamental Trees, Roses, Shrubbery, Etc. Plant a California Privet Hedge—none better. Write for our descriptive catalogue of 64 pages—Correspondence Solicited.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[JSTovembt 1

5l\

composted manure free from weed seeds and work in during the winter. You might plant a few rows of potato onion sets on part of this land this month. In the article "Work for the Month" in this issue you will find advice as to growing this crop. Reserve the rest of the land for raising a crop from seed which should be sown in the spring either in a cold frame, say in February or March, and the plants be then set out in the field in April or May, or the seed may be sown in the field in April or May and the plants be then thinned out when large enough. The onion sets planted now will give you green onions to ship in March or April and ripe bulbs from such as are not sold green in June. These onions will not keep well for winter use. The seed onions which mature in August or September are those from which the winter supply is provided. The Prize Taker and the Southport White Globe are good varieties to raise from seed. You can get the Potato onion sets and the seed from seedsmen advertising in The Planter. The commission houses in Norfolk and Richmond will buy the crops. The price varies from year to year according to the probabilities of the crop. This year the price is higher than the average from a partial failure of the crop in some sections. In the onion sections of the North the crop is sell-tog up to 50 cents per bushel. L. Levy & Son, or J. D. Mclntyre & Co., of this city, would quote you prices. 2; We do not think it would pay you to grow the early Irish potatoes in your section. You could not compete in this crop with growers in the Eastern part of the State. You could no doubt successfully grow the late crop planted in May if you made your land rich enough. For this crop growers here use as high as l.OCO or 1,500 pounds to the acre of a special Irisn potato fertilizer of high grade. The Irish Cobbler is a potato now much grown. The G-reen Mountain is also a good variety and there are many other which you will find offered in the seedsmen's catalogues. T. W. Wood & Sons and Diggs & Beadles, of this city, are large handlers of seed potatoes ,and will quote you prices in the spring. The average crop of Irish potatoes here is from 200 to 300 bushels per acre.—Ed.

RED POLL CATTLE.

As you have called my attention to the Red Poll cow, I wish you to tell where I can find these cattle. I want to buy but one cow and had intended to buy a Jersey, which are plentiful through this part of the country. I have two Foiled Angus cows, but the milk is not as rich as I like it. One of my cows made not less than ten pounds of butter a week when fresh, yet there is something lacking in the milk. Could

What's the use of a roof you have to keep tinkering ?

Genasco Ready Roofing

puts an end to your roof troubles.

It is made of Trinidad Lake Asphalt, the natural water-proofer. It gives you absolute weather-protection years after ordinary roofing' has " passed away." Guaranteed in writing, and backed by a thirty-two-million-dollar organization.

Ask your dealer for Genasco ; and don't be humbugged with a " just as good" kind. Mineral or smooth surface. Look for the hemisphere trade-mark. Write us for Book 62 and samples.

THE BARBER ASPHALT PAVING COMPANY

Largest producers of asphalt, and largest manufacturers of ready roofing in the world.

PHILADELPHIA New York San Francisco Chicago

VICTORIA

RUBBER ROOFING.

Waterproof—Weatherproof. Always pliable— never hard or brittle. Any climate, all conditions.

OUR PRICES WILL INTEREST YOU.

SEND FOR SAMPLES.

if" Patented and Galvanized Roofing Sheets, Roll Tin and Tar Paper.

TIH«»TERNE PIATE5. QALVANI ZED FIAT SHEETS. R00FIN0 MATERIALS.

METAt

wufacturers .'"Jobbers

IICM E-GARY STREET.

RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

A Running Water Supply Plant

that takes care of Itself—furnishes its own power—requires no attention or repairs—that Dire UVnDAIII If* D « M liaises v-uter 30 feet for every HIT EL fl I UnAULIU If AITI foot of fall from any nearby stream, spring or pond. Any capacity for all Home and Farm uses, Irriga-tlon, Town Plants, Railroad Tanks, etc. Low In cost, high In emolency. Satisfaction Guaranteed. Flans, Estimates and Book FREE.

RIFE ENGINE CO., 2113 Trinity Bldg.. New York

is what you ' lna

THE SOUTHEKK PLANTED

1031

you advise me where I could do the best for a cheap Red Poll cow? Loudoun Co. Va. M. B. HEAD.

You will find Red Polls advertised in our columns every month and the advertisers are thoroughly reliable men. We have several excellent herds in the State, as you will see from the reports of the premiums awarded at the State Fair.—Ed.

GRUB WORMS ON LAND. One of my neighbors has some land that is very rich and yet he can't raise turnips on it on account of the grub worms. Is there any treatment that would eet rid of them? W. C. WOOD. Chesterfield, Co., Va.

A good heavy dressing of lime fresh from the kiln slacked and applied broadcast would likely get rid of this trouble. A dressing of salt has sometimes been used for this trouble with advantage. It depends much upon the character of the worms. If they are the grubs of different varieties of flies and beetles which feed on young green plants like the cutworms, then they could be poisoned with Paris green fed to them on green clover or cabbage leaves when there is nothing growing on the land.—Ed.

SEED FOR NAME—COW AILING.

Enclosed you will find some seed that grows wild on some farms, it has a vine that runs resembling a morning glory. Horses and cattle are remarkably fond of it. If the seed could be obtained I think it would make a fine hay and it will come in at the same time oats do.

A neighbor has a cow that dropped her calf at twenty months old. She calved all right. Since then she has gotten in bad health, lost her appetite and is too loose in her bowels. What should be ojiven to her?

SUBSCRIBER.

We are unable to identify the seed. Send us the plant on which it grows and we will name it.

The (Sow should have a tonic given and be fed carefully on good, sweet hay or fodder and a light mixed grain ration of which bran should form the larger part. The tonic may be made up of powdered gentian, three ounces; powdered bicarbonate of potash, three ounces; powdered ginger, three ounces; powdered capsicum, one ounce. Mix and divide into twelve powders, one of which should be given three times a day before feeding, shaken up with half a pint of whiskey and a pint of water.—Ed.

IRISH POTATOES ROTTING. Our late potatoes started to die off before and during the July-August hot spell. The tubers rotted and entire crop ruined. The ground had been In sod and turnips before and

I

*

I

fhe Standard for 14 Years.

The oldest/prepared roofing on the market, and the first Ruberoid Roots, laid many years ago are still giving satisfac tory service under the severest climatic and atmospheric conditions.

Contains no tar or paper; will not melt or tear Acid fumes will not injure it.

Outlasts metal or shingles. Any handy man can apply it.

There is only one huberoid Roofing, and we sell it. Yon can verify its genuineness by the name on the label and on the under side of every length of Ruberoid Rioting. Send for samples anu booklet

A large stock of Corrugated and V-Crimp Roofing always on hand.

Southern Railway Supply Co.,

1 323 East Main Street. RICHMOND VA.

When corresponding- with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

FIRE PROOFABEATS FIRE

smiimMkimi

Save Money, Cet Fire Protection Without Extra Cost, Increase The Lite and Value of Your Buildings by Covering Them With—

J-M ASBESTOS ROOFING

No other ready roofing offers Are protection—J-M is the only Asbestos rooiing. Others are made of wool felt, rag stock, paper, shoddy, coal tar and other highly inflammable materials. Asbestos, the natural mineral rock, is the foundation of J-M Hoofing. That's why Its wearing life is practically unlimited. That s why—

if NEVER NEEDS COATING OR PAINTING

Anyone can lay it with hammer and knife. And it stays laid and watertight, in all weathers, in any climate.

USE ASBESTOSIDE for siding any farm building. Easy to apply-low in cost, durable, attractive in appearance, fire resisting, needs no painting.

Write for Kree Samples and Prices and our Book No. 62 This book figures out for you how to save about half your roofing money.

H. W. Johns-Manville Go. 100 S sl

TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

was but fairly well manured. What was the trouble and how can we avoid such failure in future?

Simplicity, Va. J. P. GOETZ.

Your Irish potatoes were no doubt attacked by one of the potato blights of which there are several forms. They are all, however, amenable to treatment with the Bordeaux mixture, which is practically a complete preventative of the disease and will ensure a larger crop if other conditions are satisfactory for growth. The vines should be sprayed several times during growth, beginning when they are about one-third grown or earlier, if the disease appears. In an experiment made at the Vermont Station, the treated vines yielded marketable tubers at the rate of 291 bushels per acre, while the untreated yielded only at the rate of 91^ bushels. We published the results of experiments made in New York State in The Planter both last year and previously showing equally as good results as at the Vermont Station. In some cases the vines were sprayed as often as seven times and this was done with great profit. In our March issue each year is published a spray calendar with formula for mixing the sprays for different crops, and if our readers would only consult this and act upon it they could save themselves much loss.—Ed.

[November,

IRISH POTATO GROWING.

I planted Irish Dotatoes and May peas side by side and then followed these with Black Eye peas. The Black Eye peas went almost wholly to vines. I only got twelve bushels of peas from two and a half acres. I think of plowing the vines down and following with Irish potatoes in the spring. When is the best time to plow the vines down? Do you think this will make a successful crop of potatoes? What fertilizer should 1 use and is barn yard manure necessary? J. B. ELLIOTT.

Camden Co., N. C.

The reason your peas produced only vines was because you planted them too thick. If you want to make peas, the crop should be planted in drills two feet six inches apart and the peas be dropped six or eight inches apart in the drill. A peck of seed will plant an acre and make more peas than a bushel sown broadcast. JThe vines should be plowed down now before the frost cuts them off and the land should be then seeded in rye or a mixture of rye, oats and wheat for a cover crop during the winter. This crop will save the nitrogen accumulated by the peas from being lost and should be plowed down in the spring for the Irish potatoes. Irish potatoes are best grown with commercial fertilizer alone, as in this way you avoid the scab. Successful growers here apply from 1,000 to 1,500 pounds to the acre of a spe-

You Can Cover Your Roof With

Mycoroid Rubber Roofing

And Then "Forget It."

Because it requires no coating.

it is absolutely waterproof, it is practically Fire Proof, it does not taint water Write for Samples and Booklet.

We also carry a full line of Galvanized and Painted Corrugated and V Crimp Hoofing In rolls and boxes

McGRAW-YARBROUGH CO.,Richmond, Va.

FLINT-COAT ROOFING

See Our Roofing on the Minnesota State Fair Buildings.

You Will Save 25 to 50 Per Cent.

l-ply Flint Coat Roofing - • $1.50

2-ply Flint Coat Roofing • 1.90

3-ply Flint Coat Roofing . • «.20

4-ply Flint Coat Roofing . 3.60

1-ply Acme Rubber Roofing 2-ply Acme Rubber Roofing 3-ply Acme Rubber Roofing 5-ply Rock Asphalt Roofing

91.60

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2.50

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The Best Roofing on Earth. That's all we Claim.

EVERY ROLL GUARANTEED PERFECT

Above prices are for one roll of 108 sqaare feet, delivered at your railway station, all ready to lay. Can be laid by anyone. Special price3 quoted west of Mississippi River. Nails and Cement with each roll. Our roofing costs less than shingles; lasts longer; can't rustlike iron or steel. Water, Wind, Hail and Fire Proof. Recommended by leading architects, largest railroad companies and corporations in Northwest, - Samples and Booklets FREE.

ROCK ASPHALT ROOFING CO. Room

1113 Y. HI. C. A. Bldg., Chicago

HiClllES Steel Stump Machines-

Strength to the square

inch 16,000 pounds

STEEL

STRENGTH MOfrfE 5QUARE ; INCH .120,000 LBS

do the work of three iron grubbers. No staking down required. Pull trees as well as stumps. Less cum bersome than iron, easier handled, price almost as low. The only steel grubber and it's un breakable. We pay freight and guarantee for three years. Write for catalog and price list.

HERCULES MANUFACTURING CO., Dept. no Centerville, Iowa, U. S. A

400% stronger and 60% lighter than iron.

Pulls Stumps or Standing Trees.

Clears a two acre circle with one sitting—pulls anything- the wire rope will reach; stumps, trees, grubs, rocks, hedges, etc. A man and a boy with one or two horses can run the

COMBINATION STUMP PULLER.

•" Stump Anchored or Self Anchoring.

Aminuteandahalfisallittakesfortheordinarystump. No heavy chains or rods. Note the strong wire rope with patent coupler—grips the rope at any point. Does not chafe rope; far ahead of old-style ••take-ups." Smallest rope we furnish stands 40,000 lbs. strain. It generates immense power and it's made to stand the strain. We also make the Iron Giant Grub and Stump machine, the I. X. L. Grubber and Hawkeye Grub and Stump Machine. Write for free.illustrated catalogue. Largest manufacturers of Stump Pullers In the World. Established 1HS4. ,

MILNE MFG. CO.,

834 8th St., Monmouth, III,

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEK

1033

**

Keep Your Money in Your Own Pooket"

This Spreader Beats the Woriii

Says Wm. Galloway to You

Here's the i d e a— Keep your money in your own pocket. Order now—direct from this offer— by Better or postal. Let me send you one of my Galloway Spreaders on 30 DAYS FREE TRIAL. No money down. Freight prepaid. I know you are a responsible man if you have any need for a manure spreader. Aeep your money in your own pocket until you try my Spreader. Tell me to send y> u my Special Manure Spreader Proposition. I bad- :he Galloway permancr-.ly with every guarantee^ that any practical andreasonable man could ask for I back the Galloway to eive Genuine Satisfaction, if it is not everything it is claimed to be—if it does not do all that the best spreader ought to do—send it back, and I will return every cent of your money without question.

I challenge the world to produce as practical, durable and all round satisfactory a spreader at any price as my

»i

w s

is NOW the Standard

THE ONLY ENDLESS APRON FORCE FEED

WAGON BOX MANURE SPREADER

Wm. Gaiioway

President

Wm. Gaiioway Company

I'm the man whose spreader is so much the best that I can afford to send one to

Freight Prepaid

-or Madison, Wisconsin. Write me so you can tfet t

30 Bays Real Free Trial

> my hand and signature anil bond on that—as legal b'nding as any con-act ever made on earth. My Wagon Box Spreader is made in three sizes— capacity 50 to CO bushels, 'ft is built to last a lifetime and it titsany truck or high wheeled wagon—narrow or wide tread. It's the lightest draf id simplest machine made. For those who want a larger spreader, have just perfected a 60 or 70-bushel pattern, complete with trucks.

"t'snew. It's in a class by itself. It has all the merits of the famous Galloway Spreaders with some additional exclusive features that will interest you. It i lb inches wide and has adjustable bolster staltes. Ask for full information about this new machine—all explained in my Kew Free Spreader Catalog for 1908-9.

YOU JUST WRITE ME ONCE. Just say on a postal (

letterthatyouwanttogetmyNewFreeSpreader ^jW" w hieh is real co-operation between the Manu-All Freight Prepaid and I don't keep you waiting. I ^»w Catalog and my Special Spreador Prop- 4l&^ facturers and the Farmer. It gives you a chance to don't delay to write a lot of letters. I trust you to make' ^ KlW osition. 1 11 talte care ot you right, ^mr cut down tlie cost of your spreader and almost pay for the fair month's trial of my Galloway Spreader when yon ^^^^ Wm. Galloway, President jrinSr It in one year. It means'exactly what it says, get it direct from the factory at Waterloo .Iowa, or shipped at ^^^ Wm. Calloway Co. ^mf^ Every statement I make to you and every Galloway

once from one of my Factory s Iranster Stations—Minneapolis— ^^fc, 91 q Jefferson St. ^Sf^ sm-earlnr Is backed bv mv Kansas C!tv-or Madison, Wisconsin. Write me so you can get one for^ j^/ ' V, t „r!oo -^"

My

Special

Proposition

Iowa

MS25.

cial potato fertilizer .which is rich in phosphoric acid and potash. If you follow this course you should make a good crop of late Irish potatoes. We would not advise you to try growing the early crops as you cannot compete with the Tidewater truckers with this crop. The late crop, planted in May, is always certain of market, especially in the South and Southwest.—Ed.

SAN JOSE SCALE.

1. Is there a sure remedy to kill the San Jose scale, and if so, how is it made, and when should it be applied?

2. Where can I get a stock of bees, as I wish to get a start in bee keeping? CHAS. L. DYER.

Chesterfield Co., Va.

1. The lime sulphur and salt mixture is a certain remedy for San Jose scale. In the March issue of The Planter, you will find full instructions for making this wash, and when to apply it. Send to the Crop Pest Commission, J. L. Phillips, Secretary, and State Entomologist, Blacksburg, Va., for the circulars and instructions they have issued on the subject. If properly sprayed with this mixture, the scale can be controlled and a good, clean, profitable orchard be assured.

2. The A. I. Root Co. of Medina, Ohio, supply all the requisites for starting bee keeping.— Ed.

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THE SOTJTHEKN PLANTER

[November,

ALFALFA SILAGE.

I believe that it is generally con ceded that upon land of equal fertili ty and suitable for the production of corn and alfalfa that about equal tonnage of the crops can be raised per acre for silage, the corn would be taken at one operation .the alfalfa at four or five cuttings. If the above ideas are correct, would not the alfalfa silage be the most economical to grow getting the same weight and a nitrogenous feed that is of much higher grade than the carbonaceous corn silage? The cost of plowing, planting and cultivating the corn crop would be eliminated.

Where it is intended for the alfalfa to be fed on the farm, would it not be more economical to secure it as silage rather than as hay, considering the danger of loss during hay making from rain and other wastes that must occur even under the best management?

Why is it necessary that expensive hay be fed with silage when suitable concentrates are added?

FOSTER CLARKE.

Blount Co., Tenn.

None of the clovers make the best silage, and this is true of alfalfa. Professor Shaw says, "While fairly good silage may sometimes be made of clover when put into the silo without admixture, it does not seem an easy task to preserve it thus in a manner that will give entire satisfaction. In too many instances, when taken out of the silo, it is too dark in color and rank in odor to meet the requirements of those who are seeking the best quality of milk. Clover is more easily preserved, in the silo when admixed with corn and when thus preserved the ration provided is in better balance' than if it consisted only of corn, since the clover adds to the protein content, which is too much wanting in the corn." This is true of alfalfa, and whilst we would not advise the use of the early cuttings of alfalfa for the silo we think that late cuttings could be thus utilized along with the corn crop with advantage in every way, always using a larger proportion of the corn than of the alfalfs The reason for feeding hay with si] age when a good ration of concen trates has been added to the sila<.:f is that it affords variety in the ration which is essential in order to seeurr a hearty appetite and the best a? similation of the food. Live stoclv like human brings appreciate vari ety in their food.—Ed.

FEEDING VALUE OF APPLES FOR STOCK.

Will you please tell me what is the feeding value of apples for swine? We have a great many winosap and

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THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1035

other apples here that cannot be marketed profitably. H. A. H. Bedford Co., Va.

Apples have about the same feeding value as Irish potatoes. They have a little less protein content than potatoes, but the same per cent, of carbohydrate. In experiments, made in feeding corn meal and Irish potatoes to hogs, it was found that one bushel of corn meal was equivalent in feeding value to four and a half bushels of Irish potatoes. Apples have, like the roots, a feeding value apart from the actual protein and carbohydrate content in that they have a cooling effect on the stomach and blood and thus correct the overheating effect of corn alone and they also are appetizing and thus cause a better assimilation of the fcfod. We think that if you make enquiry you will find a profitable market for the apples in the Southwestern States where the crop is short.—Ed.

TWIN CATTLE BREEDING— DUROC JERSEY HOGS.

1. Is it a fact that a cow that is one of twins where one is a male and the other a female will not breed; if so, why not?

2. Is the meat of the Duroc-Jersey considered coarse or fine when compared with other breeds? I mean tne grain of the meat. Please answer in next issue, and oblige,

I have been a subscriber to the Southern Planter for years and prize it very highly.

R. W. CHILTON, SR.

Lancaster Co., Va.

1. Yes. A heifer born as a twin with a bull is usually hermaphrodite. That is, the sexual organs are not distinctively either male or female and is therefore barren.

2. The Duroc-Jersey makes as fine grained meat as any other of the pure bred hogs. The old Jersey red was always said to be a coarse grained hog, but this is not so with the new type of Duroc-Jerseys.—Ed.

VALUE OF CORN STOVER FOR FEEDING. I have read with interest Prof. A. M. Soule's article on "Feeding Corn and By-Products." I believe, too, that "the feeding value of stover is grievously underestimated, but did not notice that he gave a direct money value to the stover. He shows that in production of milk stover should be valued at .879 of that of mixed hay where timothy predominated, and as a butter producer, it stands higher, viz.: .906 of that of hay. Would he then put himself on record in saying that as a feed for milking stock stover should be reckoned at 89 to 90 per cent, of the market value of hay? In other words, when hay sells at $16.00 per ton is stover worth $14.24 to $14.40 per ton?

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THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

If not, why not? I think his words would have much greater force if he would establish a money basis for the stover, and say to the farmers, you are wasting feed that' is worth ten, twelve, or fourteen dollars per ton. He has done well. I endorse his contention, but would like to see him "get down to rock bottom," to figures as well as facts. Will he do so in the near future? Having made the first steps, I hope he will complete it, and tell how best to prepare the stover when a man cannot afford to get a power shredder.

I saw it fed after having boiling water thrown over it in a box, or deep trough, which was immediately covered and left from night till morning, and from morning till night, then bran, or brewer's grains mixed wiht it just before feeding. The cows left very little of even the butts. There is only one better way that I know of: that is by shredding, wetting and salting it in a silo. In this way it is better relished than hay, and although it has not the feeding value of green silage, it is relished about as well. But Professor Soule has no doubt other and more suitable ways which I hope he will give us.

B. CANDIDUS.

Powhatan Co., Va.

The relative feeding value of corn stover and timothy hay would depend largely on the manner in which the two were cured. Timothy hay that was cut in bloom and cured without rain upon it so as to preserve its bouquet, or aroma would, in my judgment, be superior to corn stover as a feed for dairy cows. When cut and cured in this condition it ought to contain the highest per cent, of digestible nutrients, and the lowest amount of crude fiber and cellulose. In the same manner, corn that is cut with a harvester when the bottom leaves begin to fire slightly, and set up in large shocks securely tied close to the top, about two feet lower down, and possibly even a' third time, so as to shed the water and prevent the leaves from being whipped off will have a higher feeding value, and be more palatable and desirable in every way than stover which is made after a practice which I have commonly observed and which will be described later on.

There are those who will contend that corn cut as suggested will not cure out well nor will the ears be perfectly developed. Our experience and observation contradicts this belief. Moreover, the value of the stover, the relish with which it will be eaten and the proportion consumed will be determined to a considerable extent by the variety of corn used and the thickness of planting. The stalks of some varieties of corn like Shaw's Improved grow very large and coarse, and certainly do not make as palatable stover as smaller stalk-

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Cutting and Shredding

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"Ohio" Shredder Blades have projecting steel teeth—no two in succession travel in the same path. They split and tear corn stalks into a nicely shredded condition. Power, 2 to 15 h. p., according to size. Blower or carrier elevators handle material perfectly. Our 96-page catalog sent on request, "Modern Silage Methods," 224 pages, 10c. Please mention this paper. SILVER MFG. COMPANY, Salem, Ohio.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

1037

ed varieties such as Learning and Hickory King. These are points which must certainly be considered and weighed carefully in reaching a decision as to the relatiye value of stover and timothy hay in the nutrition of dairy cows. As a matter of fact, much of the corn made into stover is allowed to stand in the field until a large per cent, of the leaves are whipped off. It is dried and leached by the wind and rain, when run through the shredder or cutter there is little but the stalk ava'lable, and that not in the most palatable form. We should think that stover of this kind would not be anything like as valuable as a first-class timothy hay. We are of the opinion that in practice first-class corn stover would have two-thirds of the feeding value of timothy hay, and might properly be purchased or sold on this basis. It is possible that in many instances the percentage would run closer. The data to which our correspondent refers as contained in my article on "The Feeding of Corn and By-Products" was based on only one experiment, and it is always possible that the individuality of the cow may affect the results to some extent. We have, however, fed more or less corn stover to cows for a long period of time and fed it in comparison with timothy hay, and we are of the opinion that a farmer cannot afford to feed timothy hay at, say from $10.00 to $16.00 or more per ton, when he can have an abundance of shredded corn stover which we think he should easily make for from $2.50 to $3.50 per ton .estimating that two-thirds of the cost of the corn crop be charged to the grain.

There is no question in my mind, and I think it is fully substantiated by some years of experience in feeding and handling large herds of dairy cows that stover, which could easily be made worth to the farmer from $8.00 to $12.00 a ton, is allowed to waste while more expensive feeds are either purchased or fed in its place. I would not be justified, however, in saying that this is always true without an opportunity to investigate this question further. Since coming to Georgia I have not had an opportunity to continue the investigation, having of necessity to devote a much larger share of my attention to purely administrative work. On my father's farm, where a large number of cows were kept before the days of the shredder, a large quantity of corn stover was fed, and timothy hay sold off the farm. I know, therefore, that cows can be maintained by this method from practical experience. The stover was cut with a power cutting box. This machine, according to my recollection, cost about $35.00', and was run by a sweep. The shredded stover was moistened with salty wa-

Iter, and the bran and other meal fed

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THE SOUTHEK^ T PLANTER

[November,

before. In this way an excellent substitute for silage was prepared. In later years sugar beets and turnips were pulped and mixed with the stover. This, I believe, is a common practice with stockmen in England even to-day. You will see, therefore, for the morning was mixed the night that my practical experience as a boy coincides very closely with the suggestion contained in your letter.

There is only one objection, so far as I know, to shredding and wetting and salting in the silo, as our correspondent suggests, and that is the difficulty of guaging just the right amount of water to put in the silo. If this could be accurately determined I would agree with our correspondent that putting it in the silo was a desirable practice. There is a little more work in handling it as suggested above, but it is a good practical way where a silo is not available. We would in any event cut or shred the stover and wet with salty water, and mix the grain with it before feeding in lieu of being able to purchase machinery so as to handle it to better advantage. There is no doubt that shredded stover is a feed of far greater value than it is credited with being, and that one of the greatest neglects in the South to-day is the waste of thousands of tons of splendid roughness which might be made to take tne place with economy of expensive hays like timothy.

ANDREW M. SOULE.

Georgia Agricultural College.

FARMERS' HANDY WAGONS.

Farmers' Handy Wagons are rapidly coming into general use on the farms throughout the country. Up-to-date farmers are at last realizing that a great deal of labor and horseflesh have heretofore been wasted by the use of the old-fashioned high-wheeled, narrow-tired wagon.

These wagons will go wherever a horse can travel, and can be depended upon to haul any kind of load. Proof against warping, cracking, or dropping of tires, they last a lifetime, with but little repairing, and are indeed a profitable investment.

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THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1039

MAGAZINES. The Century, in the November issue, begins a group of articles appropriate to the Lincoln Centenary year with Frederick Trevor Hill's "The Lincoln-Douglas Debates Fifty Years After," a new account of this famous forensic "seven days battle." Mr. Hill has preserved the local color of this unique episode in American history, weaving his story from material, much of it unfamiliar, based on the testimony of eye-witnesses and documentary evidence.

First of another unusual series of papers is "A Conversation on Music with Paderewski." It is the record, set down by Daniel Gregory Mason, of a free and intimate chat at the great musician's table, touching, among other interesting matters, upon modern French composers and their music.

Bkobert Haven Schauffler begins a series of papers on his impressions of Dantzic, city of romance, with illustrations by the German artist Scherres. Later papers will treat of Berlin, Potsdam, Brunswick, Leipsic, Meissen, Dresden, Hildesheim, and other cities of romantic Germany.

Of country-wide interest are the articles by L. H. Bailey, Director of the College of Agriculture, Cornell University, and Chairman of the Commission on Country Life appointed by President Roosevelt, and the paper by John Gilmer Speed. Mr. Speed writes about horse breeding, denouncing as "baneful the supposition that the thoroughbred is useful in improving the breed of horses, and urging that the greater number of American horses should be bred by the average farmer. Professor Bailey has much to say—and he writes interestingly and with authority—of "College Men as Farm Managers."

A new and notable chapter in Helen Keller's unique autobiographical record is a feature of the November

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W. F. Young, P. D. F., 109 Monmouth St., Springfield, Mass., has recently issued a larger and more complete edition of his handy reference book "How to . Remove Blemishes," which will be sent postpaid to any address upon request. This little book will be appreciated by any horse owner, as it is full of "horsey" pointers, and information that can be used to advantage. Send a postal to-day addressed plainly as above, and the

book will be sent you by return mail free of all cost and postpaid.

Sorfolk, Co., Va., Jan. 8, '08. I wish to congratulate you on your splendid January issue of the Southern Planter It is certainly the best number you ever published. It is chock full of information that means more for Virginia and North Carolina than anything that has ever been in print. . T. E. HUDSON.

THE SOTJTHEKN PLANTEE

[November,

Century, "My Dreams," a suggestive, interesting, poetical study of the "life larger than our own" of which we catch glimpses in dreams. There are four notable pages in color in the number; and short stories by Edith Wharton, Caspar Day, Edith Rickert, Owen Johnson and James Hopper.

The first number of the new volume of St. Nicholas is full of good things and of promise for the year, from the frontispiece, a reproduction of John da Costa's "Dolly," through the last department, "The Riddle-Box."

There are the beginnings of two fine new serials, Bradley Gilman's "A Son of the Desert" and Ralph Henry Barbour's "Captain Chub"," and, seemingly, an unusual number of short stories.

The article of the number in the eyes of all boys, big and little, will be the narrative of "The West Point of To-Day," written by Col. Charles W. Larned, a member of the faculty of the United States Military Academy. The illustrations of the sketch are from pictures secured by Colonel Larned specially for St. Nicholas.

This number has the first installment of W. W. Densloy's "When I Grow Up," a series of humorous verse and pictures by tne illustrator of "The Wizard of Oz," "Father Goose," etc. The jolly verse, the very funny pictures, deal this month with "The Au-toist."

A Magazine of Sterling Worth. Competition is so keen among the magazines nowadays that they simply have to keep their fictional offerings up to a high standard or- go out of business. For this reason a great many good stories appear every month, and for one to stand out noticeably among its fellows, it must be of exceptional quality indeed. Such a tale, however, is the complete novel in the November Lippincott's— "The "Viper," by Will Levington Comfort. The author is a newspaperman of the Middle West, where the opening scenes of the story are laid. Several other novels and a number of short stories have already appeared from his pen, and great things have been prophesied for him—prophecies Which, iudging from this, his latest and greatest story, seem destined to be fulfilled. The plot of "The Viper" deals with the careers of two country youths who come to the city to make their fortune. They are utterly different in character and temperament, and in their new environment their old friendship for each other is soon ruptured. Each loves the same girl. Each works out his destiny in his own way. Out of this material Mr. Comfort has constructed one of the most absorbing pieces of fiction which have appeared in a long time. That part of the tale which relates to the shady methods of swindling real estate operators may serve as a

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It will furnish you an abundance of water for all purposes from any source. Write ps. giving depth and capacity of your well or spring, and we will cheerfully submit an estimate and make suggestions as to your requirements Satisfaction Guaranteed. DAVIDSON. BURNLEY & CO., RICHMOND, VA. 619 East Main Street.

AMERICANSAW MILLS

RELIABLE FRICTION FEED Ratchet Set Works, Quick Receder, Duplex Steel Dogs. Strong,

ACCUR ATE AND RE LIABLE

Best material and workmanship, light running; requires little power; simple, easy to handle; won't get out of order. _ _

BELT FEED MILLS in all sizes.

Log Beam Carriages can be furnished with any of our mills. No. 1. Warranted to cut 2,000 feet per day with 6 H. P. engine. Seven other sizes made. Also Edgers. Trimmers,, Shingle Machines, Lath Mills, Rip pnd Cut-Oft Saws, Drag Saws, Cordwood Saws and Feed Mills. Catalogue sent free.

"Rowe, Mass., October 24, 1905.—I have a No. 1 American Saw Mill and 'send you an order for another just like it. I run it with my 8 H. P. portable gasoline engine; have sawed 5,000 feet of lumber in ten hours with it without .any trouble. I use a 48-inch saw.

Yours truly, BRADLEY C. NEWELL

AMERICAN SAW MILL MACHINERY CO., 137 Hope St., Hackett»town, N. J.

OUR AGENTS.—Watt Plow Company, Richmond, Va.; R. P. Johnson, Wytheville, Va.; Hyman Supply Company, New Berne and Wilmington, N. C; Gibbes Machinery Company, Columbia, S. C.

INVENTIONS AND FARMING.

A review of the progress of invention during the past half century shows a remarkable development in the line of farm machinery.

Surely there could not be a more deserving field, and the men who have devoted themselves to improving agricultural devices have had a great part in the world's achievements; their difficult labors and their final triumphs make a story that is truly interesting.

Prominent in a list of these worthy inventors stands the name of P. K. Dederick, who, more than fifty years ago, designed, manufactured and introduced to the farmers of America, and all the world, a device as unusual

then as it is essentially common now —the baling press for compressing hay, straw and similar materials into compact space for convenient handling and marketing.

Dederick Presses for all baling operations are illustrated in a Catalogue which will be mailed anywhere upon request to P. K. Roderick's Sons, 55 Tivoli St., Albany, N. Y., which firm is always pleased to answer questions relating to their product.

Nelson Co., Va., Apl. 22, '08.

I appreciate the Southern Planter very much and am governed by it is my farm workings in many cases.

R. K. ANDERSON.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1041

warning to those who are thinking of investing in such property without thorough investigation.

In addition to this excellent complete novel, tne November Lippin-cott's contains half a dozen splendid short stories.

IT HAPPENED IN CHURCH.

A Southern clergyman tells the following amusing story:

After the morning sermon one Sunday he had read the notices for the week, and then announced the closing hymn—Number so-and-so. At that moment one of the deacons came down the aisle, and the minister paused to hear what he had to say, which was that the pastor had forgotten to give notice of a meeting of the ladies of the congregation.

Accordingly, the divine gave the notice, apologized to the congregation for his forgetfulness, and then again announced the number of the hymn, and proceeded to read it. His feelings and those of the congregation may he imagined when he began:

"Lord! what a thoughtless "wretch was I!"—November Lippincott's.

Campbell Co., Va. The Southern Planter is not only the best journal of its kind in the South, but the best in the world. G. G. LECKIE.

Photo showing cow down with mill-fever and mode of treatment.

RELIABLE MILK FEVER REMEDY.

Did you ever lose a good cow with Milk Fever because you had no home treatment, and could not get a doctor in time? It is not necessary for you to lose a single cow. Send to G. P. Pilling & Son Co., 2-B Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa., $3.00, and get their "Easy to Use" Milk Fever Apparatus. They will send it by prepaid mail or express on receipt of remittance.

The Pilling Milk Fever Apparatus

Natal, So. Africa, June 13, '08. I am very pleased with the Southern Planter, as conditions in the Southern States are very similar to conditions here in Natal.

J. G. FANNIN.

is "Easy to Use," it requires no veterinary knowledge, and any cow owner can use it successfully. This is for the air treatment, as recommended by the U. S. Department of Agriculture, and if taken in time 97 out of 100 cows have been saved. You should have this "Easy to Use" apparatus always on hand. This firm publishes a very interesting pamphlet describing many other "Easy to Use Cattle Instruments;" it will be seiu. free on request.

Caroline Co., Va., Sept. 4, '08. I think the Southern Planter is a fine paper. I look to it every month as my farmer's guide and would not like to be without it.

JAMES MINOR.

Send fori booklet, "The^ Sole off Steel" —or better still," send for a pair of Steel Shoes. See our R$Girsey-Back and Guarantee Offer below.

BVIore Sore,

Stiffness,

CoSds arsci Rheumatism

—No SVIore Big Bills to Pay for Working Shoes

_ You will not suffer from wet, sore, blistered, aching, feverish feet, or run the risk of colds or rheumatism if you wear .Steel Shoes. For these steel-bottomed shoes, with their waterproof leather uppers, are so easy on the feet that it is a positive pleasure to wear them. They do not heat and sweat the feet, like rubber boots. Neither 3o they become water-soaked and warped out of shape, as leather shoes do.

They are light in weight, yet so strong and durable that they will outwear from three to six pairs of the best all-leather shoes. In fact, they actually save at least S5 to $10 of your shoe money every vear, besides saving sickness and doctors' bills.

They Save Doctors' Bills

Wear Steel Shoes and you can work in wet ground w without fear of colds, rheumatism, stiffness or j&\ other diseases caused by wet or cold feet. cTj£\ They keep your feet always dry and warm in any kind of weather. The thick, spring Hair Cushions or Insoles inside the shoe absorb -., all perspiration and odors. You can easily 9w\ takeout, clean and dry the Hair Cushion each night. This Cushion prevents the jars of wnlking, and keeps corns and callouses from forming. Not only will Steel Shoes give greater foot comfort than you have everknown before, but they will pay for themselves over and over again in the saving of medicine and doctors' bills.

Cheaper Than All-Leather Shoes

Our S2.50 Steel Shoes, with uppers 6 inches high, are bettor than the best S3.50 all-leather shoes.

Our $3.50 SteeJ Shoes, with.uppers9 inches high, are worth more than the best all-leather shoes you can buy at any price. One pair of Steel Shoes ■vill outwear from three to six pairs of all-leather shoes. Steel Shoes need no breaking in. They feel comfortable from the very first minute Jou put thorn on. The leather uppers do not become dry and hard, but keep pliable as long as the shoe is worn. They are the cheapest working shoes made, regardless of first cost, for one pair Jnsts a whole year and you never spend a cent for "half soles" and repairing heels. fcTEEL SHOE COMPANY,

Our Full-Year Guarantee **"****

we are safi in guaranteeing Steel Shoes for one full year from date of purchase. The soles and an inch above the soles are stamped out of one piece of special fine steel, without joint or seam. Absolutely wear-proof and accident-proof. This sole is as light as a leather sole and so strong that protruding nails cannot penetrate it. It is studded with steel rivets underneath, to keep your feet from slipping when ice or snow make walking difficult and dangerous. The uppers are made of the best pliable water-proof leatherthat money can buy.

This combination of absolutely rigid sole and pliable uppers compels the shoe to always keep its shape. No wonder we guarantee Steel Shoes for a full vear. Sizes, C to 1 2.

Department 39, RACINE, WISCONSIN

Your ft/florcey Back if Not O.K.

You are perfectly safe in sending to us for a pair of Steel Shoes, as we agree to refund your money promptly and freely if you are not satisfied when you see the shoes. Money

cannot buy better working shoes than either the $2.50 or $3.60 style. You get more foot comfort and health protection* longer wear and greater satisfaction in a pair of Steel Shoes thun money can buy elsewhere.

We strongly recommend the S3.50 pair, because the 9-inch uppers give the best possible protection and the utmost satisfaction. Send $3.50 for 9-inch Steel Shoes, state size you wenr, and we will ship you without delay the best and most comfortable working shoes you ever wore.

For convenience, fill in, clip out and mail the coupon.

Order BBaeik for Steel Shoes '

i i

_for I

I $ in payment for pair Steel Shoes. |

9 size |

Name

Steel Shoe Co., Dept. 39, Racine, Wis.

Gentlemen:—I enclose.

Town.

.State,

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[November,

VIRGINIA POULTRY SHOW.

As the December Planter will not be in the hands of its readers much before the dates of the annual exhibit of the Virginia Poultry Association, it takes this occasion to speak a few words of well deserved praise for the officers of the Association, who have worked hard and secured for their coming show more than double the attractive "special prizes" that they had last year, and have now with the printers their premium list, which will be a credit to the Association.

Their energetic Secretary, W. R. Todd, tells us that the value of the special prices amount to $150.00, not including six silver cups, and a possible two more yet in sight. The merchants of our city and the friends and members of the Association have given liberally both in "specials" and in advertising with them, and it is very gratifying to those in charge of the show to see so much interest outside of the chicken ranks.

The Association has in view two halls in which to exhibit. The Armory Hall and the Horse Show Building. Both are of ample room, heat, light and ventilation. The accessibility of the Armory has caused it to be the favorite with the members of the Association, and if it can be secured, as they believe it will be, their show will be held there. If they cannot get the armory, the

Virginia Passenger & Power Company have offered the Horse Show Building.

Judge R. L. Simmons will be in the ring with his unbiased and impartial knowledge of placing the ribbons, and his past experience along this line

I is ample security that the best bird

I will win.

Mr. W. D. Sydnor has been elected

I superintendent of the show, and with his efficient helpers, every exhibitor can rest easy and well assured that the birds entered will be carefully and well taken care of. Mr. F. S. Bullington was elected Secretary of the Dog and .Pet Stock Department, and he is well and favorably known to the fraternity. The Association is the proud possessor of new and attractive exhibition coops, and there will be excellent facilities for proper cooping and coop room for all exhibits.

Of course, there is always a loud howl about the biggest show and best display at practically all poultry shows, but when it is known that the Association has been reliably informed by disinterested parties that "our show" equals the number of exhibits and possibly outnumbers such shows as Washington and Philadelphia, and that our Virginia breeders have captured some of the best prizes at Madison Square, Hagerstown and Jamestown, the Virginia Poultry Association can well boast of a big

show, and the best quality. Every judge who has been to Richmond, officiating at the State Pair or the Virginia Poultry Show has volunteered praises on the high class stock, surprises on the number of exhibits, and the ability to coop a show intelligently and admirably.

The State Fair Association has again and again complimented the Association on the excellent and creditable show made in their poultry department, which was due in a great measure to the hearty and free-will co-operation of the Virginia Poultry Association.

If you expect to show or would like to show, or are interested in purebred poultry send your name and address to the Virginia Poultry Association, Inc., W. R. Todd, Secretary, 426 North Sixth Street, Richmond, Va., and he will gladly send you the handsome and instructive catalogue of the Animal, Dog and Poultry Show, to be held in Richmond, Va., December 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12, 1908. Do it now. Poultry men throughout, ithe State (should join this Association, too. Initiation f^e, $1.00; membership dues 25 cents per month.

Milwaukee Co., Wis., Sept. 17, '08.

To be or not to be without the Southern Planter? I would not be without it for ten times the subscription price. F. H. NAGEL.

Early Morning Comfort

Open your sleeping-room windows—let in the crisp, fresh air—but your room need not be cold while dressing—a touch of a match and the welcome heat is radiating from the

PERFECT!

Oil Heater

^m

(Equipped with Smokeless Device)

For neating the bath-room quickly it is a great convenience and will make the morning dip as glorious as in the summer.

Now it's breakfast time—make the room Jozy and cheerful—your breakfast more enjoyable and start the day without a shiver. The Automatic Smokeless Device prevents all smoke and smell and makes it impossible to tarn the wick too high or too low. Cleaned in a minute—burns 9 hours with one filling. Finished in Nickel and Japan. Every heater guaranteed.

The E?jZ$FK/tirk A 1\/JP can k° usec ' m anv room —safest and best for all-round house-

J^E^%* Jt^/-\iVil hoW u.e—l.test i m p rovc d centla \ draft burner—bright light at

small cost. Absolutely safe. All parts easily cleaned. Made of brass, nickel plated. Every lamp warranted. If you cannot get the Rayo Lamp or Perfection Oil Heater from your dealer, write to our nearest agency fcr descriptive circular. STANDARD OIL COMPANY (Incorporated)

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1043

THE IMPLEMENT COMPANY

1302 East Main St, Richmond, Va.

HEADQUARTERS FOR THE BEST SN

Farm Implements

iriPLEMENTS THAT WORK EASY AND WEAR WELL ARE THE

KIND WE SELL

Our Descriptive Catalogue is one of the best and most complete of implement catalogues. Every farmer should have a copy. Mailed free on request.

We are Agents for the

BICKFORD & HUFFMAN GRAIN DRILLS.

OHIO ENSILAGE AND FEED CUTTERS.

PEERLESS GASOLINE ENGINES

FARftUHAR ENGINES. SAW-MILLS, ETC.

AMERICAN FIELD FENCING

ELLWOOD POULTRY, RABBIT, GARDEN FENCING

MANDY LEE INCUBATORS AND BROODERS.

We also carry full lines of FARM WAGONS, BUGGIES, HARNESS, BARB-WIRE. V-CRIMP METAL, RLBEROID AND OTHER ROOFINGS.

Get our prices and catalogue before purchasing. You will save money and get the

best of supplies when buying from

THE IMPLEriENT COMPANY

1302 East Main Street, Richmond, Va.

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

ECONOMY IN CATTLE FEEDING.

Ever notice how often some little thing makes a big difference in the successful outcome of a business venture?

A slight economy, may be, an improved method of doing something, or a new pin at a vital point in a worn machine. Trifling details! in themselves, but able often to spell the difference between debit and credit when the year's business reaches final wind-up.

As a case in point, see the vast development of the cattle industry and the business of dairying -since "The Dr. Hess Idea" became the rule of faith and practice among thousands of farmers and feeders from Maine to California—the Gulf to the Canadian forest line.

This ?s but one detail out of many which the owner of live stock must consider; yet its actual value in dollars and cents is so great that there is no exaggeration in saying that on this "idea" the whole industry rests.

"The Dr. Hess Idea" is a very clear enunciation of a truth, well known to Medical men, but, through lack of knowledge, overlooked by others. Without using professional terms or phraseology, it is simply this—"all healthy physical growth, development and productiveness depend upon the complete performance of the digestive function."

[November,

Dr. Hess clearly recognized this, because his own experience as a feeder brought him in daily contact with every difficulty which others' experience, and led him to seek a remedy.

Dr. Hess Stock Food is the outcome of this study and experience, and that it does what is claimed for it is the voluntary testimony of thousands.

No one should be misled by the name, however. It is not a food in the sense of being a ration. Strictly speaking, it is a tonic. That is, it contains tonic properties like those bitter principles which aid digestion, iron, the blood builder, and cleansing nitrates which remove dead and poisonous matter from the system.

It is, of course, fed in very small quantities in the daily grain ration, and its action is a direct and very positive assistant to the digestive organs. Given as directed, the maximum amount of ration is digested and assimilated. That, of course, means growth, and must result—if continued —in steady development up to a perfect market condition in the animal.

Thus, by keeping the digestive apparatus in working condition, good appetite is steadily maintained and full benefit derived from the corn and fodder consumed.

INVENTIONS THAT AID FARMING.

Prominent in a list of worthy inventors stands the name of F. K. Ded-erick, who, more than fifty years ago, designed, manufactured and introduced to the farmers of America and all the world, a device as unusual then as it is essentially common now—the baling press for compressing hay, straw and similar materials into compact space for convenient handling and marketing.

Constant improvement of the original idea has kept the Dederick Press always in the lead—a fact that will be readily understood from the statement that more than 20'0 patents have been issued to Mr. Dederick on his various styles of Presses.

Dederick Presses for all baling operations are illustrated in a Catalogue which will be mailed anywhere upon request to P. K. Dederick's Sons, 55 Tivoli St., Albany, New York, which firm is always pleased to answer questions relating to their product.

AFTER TAKING. The Capital Grafter said, "I guess That sooner or later I must confess The cleverest stunt I learned at school Was how to figure by 'per foot' rule." —August Llppincott's.

IMPORTANT

REDUCTION SALE

SELECT REGISTERED STOCK.

Jerseys, Holstein-Friesians. Berkshires, Durocs

Also a few SHORT-HORN HEREFORD AND ANGUS BULLS, AT PUBLIC AUCTION FRIDAY, NOVEHBER 6, 1908.

BY THE

Virginia Agricultural and flechanical College

AT BLACKSBURQ.

This offering is the result of many years of careful selection and breeding 1 . The foundation blood represents the most eminent herds of the world. The herds have grown too large for the present conditions. This choice blood at the Agricultural College and Experiment Station should be disseminated to the advantage of the stockmen and farmers of the State. The College desiring to scatter these richly bred animals throughout Virginia, takes this means of offering them at your own prices.

Illustrated Catalogue of Breeding Ready Oct. 20

Write for full Information, attend this great sale and spend a profitable day at your own Agricultural College and Experiment Station.

Address,

Dr. P. B. Barringer, Va. Polytechnic Institute,

BLACKSBURQ, VIRGINIA

SALE STARTS 10 A. M. "WITH CATTLE. FREE LUN CH AT 12 M.

COL. ROY P. DUVALL, Auctioneer.

SWINE SALE AFTER LUNCH.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

1045

1/3 THE PARTS

THE ONLY REALLY SIMPLE ENGINE MAD TODAY.

What theMcWIGKER Will Do For You.

George Hodges, of Sherburne, N. Y., wrote us that he filled a silo 14x24 ft. in 6 hours and 15 minutes "with his 7 h.p. portable McVicker. Also buzzed 25 cords of wood in 3 hours.

Chas. Bunn, of Ithica, Mich., with a 3% h.-p. McVicker, pumps 35,000 gallons of water in 24 hours on 2 gallons of gasoline—a continuous run without a bit of attention. His engine ran without stopping, except to put grease in the cup, from December 24th to 28th. Ask us to show you his letter.

The McVicker twice doubles the usefulness of any kind of a hand-power labor-saving machine.

THE WONDERFUL

McVICKER

develops one-sixth more power than any other make of engine of equal rating because it is so much simpler in action. "We've figured this out in our catalog—-plainly showing how and why.

A. S. Lattin, of Staatsburg, N. T., uses his 7 b.-p. McVicker running a blower to fill his silo. He says in a letter: "I don't think there is another make whose 7 h.-p. would handle the blower at all."

50 PER CENT. MORE OVER LOAD.

The McVicker. unlike all other fourcycle type engines—the acknowledged best type—will pick up power on the second revolution of the fly-wheel If needed to take up a sudden load. No other four-cycle engine will do this. Others stop on the third many times under a sudden load. The McVicker fires at every fourth revolution unless power is needed before If a McVicker misses at the fourth it can pick up the sixth, while others must wait until the eighth. It stands, in this wav, 50 per cent, more sudden load than any other engine.

OXJR DEALERS AND EXPERTS

All McVicker dealers are glad to demonstrate this "wonderfully different engine at any time, showing you all of these points plainly. They are fully acquainted with them—know all about the McVicker and all other engines. They can advise you as to the size you need, and you can depend on ther advice, for all are picked men.

Then, if you buy, an expert direct from our big factory in Alma will help the dealer and you install your McVicker on your farm, putting it in shape to start right off working for

PLEASE THINK WHAT THAT MEANS BEFORE YOU DECIDE ON AN ENGINE. SIMPLICITY IS, AS YOU KNOW OF THE MOST VITAL IMPORTANCE. THAT'S WHY IT'S CLAIMED BY ALL MAKERS. YET THE NEXT SIMPLEST ENGINE WE KNOW HAS OVER 100 MORE PARTS ALL OTHERS NEED 12 AND MORE MOVING PARTS. THE McVICKER REQ.UIRES BUT 4. COMPARE THE McVICKER WITH ANY FARM POWER YOU KNOW. THEN DECIDE IF YOU WILL PAY OUR PRICE FOR AN ENGINE BUT ONE-THIRD AS GOOD.

We made and sold last year nearly DON'T BE MISLED.

3,000 McVickers.

We have the largest and costliest Some dealers may tell you that our

gas engine factory in the United engine is too simple.

States. And they will expect you to think

We make nothing but engines. That so. They won't give you credit for

is one reason why ours is the best. knowing as much as you've learned

You simply start the McVicker at from this ad.

whatever work you require. It is their only hope for a sale.

It will run steadily with no atten It is their lack of argument with

tion from you except to supply fuel which to offset our claims that makes

and oil as needed. them grasp this straw. For they can-There is none of the little troubles not compete with this engine.

to hinder and waste time or cause They will try in this way to keep

you expensive repairs. That' because you away from comparison.

our engine is really simple. But we invite it. Go to all our

There are no cams, gears, ratchets, competitors.

eccentrics, tumbling rods and other such trouble-makers to mystify you.

Go to them first if you wish. Then let our engine in actual demonstration

You find all these "jim cracks" on show how much better it Is

all other engines because they can't run without them.

We prefer that you compare all types because it brings out our advan-

We gain our great simplicity through tages stronger—shows you just what wonderful patents owned by us ex- they are worth.

clusively.

No one else can make like ours.

SIMPLICITY

All gasoline

MEANS engines

We couldn't afford to invite such an engine comparison if we didn't know "which you "will buy.

You will find the McVicker on the ECONOMY. most up-to-date farms of today, use some of That's because up-to-date farmers

their power in action. They don't put generally buy what is best.

it all into work.. Don't buy any other until you see

But the McVicker puts most into what we have more f the money .

work of any engine made. „,*,.. j. ■,

For four moving parts develop less Send today for our catalog prices

friction than twelve. And our engine and terms. Also for plans for a model

uses what others waste to operate its farm power-house valves. That saves on fuel and oil for the same fuel does more work,

yet less of oil is required.

That is important if you make the most of an engine.

are

save dollars in a day with our engine. We make all sizes from 2 to 30 h.p., mounted in all ways and for all uses, to No matter what kind or size engine you want or what you want it fo* we

The McVicker in action costs only can supplp pou through our agents.

lc per hour per horse-power.

And think of the work a good gaso line engine can do in a day.

and give pou a three times better engine at the same price. Get our catalog.

THE McVICKER GUARANTEE PROTECTS YOU.

Every McVicker is fully guaranteed to be made with the best material obtainable, by the most skillful mechanics. Our big factory and $300,000 capital is behind every engine we sell. You cannot possibly make a mistake on this engine.

It is without any doubt the best engine ever produced for the farm.

You have only to see one in action to know that it is the simplest engine in the world as well as the strongest, neatest and most economical. You'll buy even quicker if von com pare it with others.

MAIL COUPON NOW

ALMA MFG. CO. Station L Alma, Mich."

Gentlemen: —Please send me free plans for model farm power-house, catalog; and full information about McVicker Gasoline ,

Engines

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[November,

CATALOGUES, ETC.

American Steel & Wire Co., Chicago, 111. Juniata News about Junita Horse Shoes. This publication will be found interesting to those keeping horses or doing shoeing and black-smithing.

White's Class Advertising Co., Chi-cafo, 111. What others say about our special service. A handsomely gotten up collection of testimonials.

Virginia Stock Farm Company, Bellevue, Va. Inaugural Announcement. This is a very handsome booklet finely illustrated, giving information as to the different breeds of live stock handled by the Company.

Peter Henderson & Co., Courtlandt St., Sew York. Autumn Catalogue, 1908. The pictures on the covers of this catalogue were photographed in colors directly from nature under a process just perfected, and are works of art. This Company's seeds are too well known to need praise.

Fairbanks-Morse, Chicago, 111. Jack of all trades and small vertical engines.

Milne Mfg. Co., Monmouth, 111. Grnb and stump pulling machines.

North Carolina State Fair. Raleigh, N. C, October 12th to 17th.

A MACHINE WITH THE SUPERFLUOUS PARTS "CUT OUT."

It is told of a certain easy going rural doctor whose diploma must have been obtained when such things "came easier" than they do at present, that when called in to prescribe for an ordinary—and often for an extraordinary—human ailment, he generally attributed the trouble to "a little something wrong with the gullet." In consultation with a brother practitioner one day he put forth his favorite theory, and, by way of comment, the other physician said, "Well, I'll tell you, Doc, if the entire anatomical construction of the human organism could be reduced to a "gullet," you and I'd have a pretty easy time of it, wouldn't we?"

This incident illustrates a point that is much in evidence, not only in medical practice, but in things mechanical, as well; and is forcibly called to mind by a comparison of a certain gas engine with certain others. We refer to the McVicker engine, made by the Alma Manufacturing Co., of Alma, Mich. In the domain of engines the McVicker is about as simple in construction as "a man with only a gullet," the advantage, however, being on the side of the engine, because it does its work. It requires less doctoring than any other engine ever

built, chiefly because it isn't subject to the constant disorders peculiar to other makes. The simplicity of its construction makes it easy to understand.

It has only four moving parts to its valve action, and any man is "engineer" enough to run that kind of an engine—and keep it running. There's nothing to get out of order and make it necessary to send to town, and have a man come out from the machine shop. It is simple, economical in its gasoline consumption, and always ready for work. Persons interested should write to the Alma Mfg. Co., Station L., Alma, Mich., for descriptive catalogue and itheir free plans for a model farm power-house.

THE SOFT ANSWER.

A fond mother, anxious that her two boys, aged five and seven, respectively, should not become contaminated by contact with the world, used to sit in the next room to the boys, reading, while they went to sleep. One night she overheard this: "Tommy." No reply. "Tommy?' No reply. Then a punch of a fist resounded, when she heard: "Go to hell; I'm saying my prayers! "—Practical Advertising.

1908

J 908 I H - G. CARTER.

In the Stud

AT THE GROVE FARM Burkeville, "Va.

THE GENERAL2nd.

IMPORTED HACKNEY STALLION.

Magnificent chestnut horse, over 15.2 hands in height; weight 1250 pounds; with superb conformation, grand action and perfect manners. He was Imported by H. K. Bloodgood, the noted hackney breeder, of Massachusetts, especially for use In the stud. His get, which are very fine specimens, may be seen at The Grove Farm.

Fee for the fall season of 1908, $15; ■Ingle leap $10, due at time of service.

Address T. O. SiMufer, Dr. John Young or Dr. J. *!►, Ferneyhough, Owners. BURKEVILLE, VA.

N. B. We are offering for sale at attractive prices, two y«ung hackney stallions, one and two years old, both registered and splendid individuals.

CAN CANCER BE CURED?

IT CAN.

We wamt every man and woman in the United States to know what we are doing—we are curing Cancers, Tumors and Chronic Sores without the use of the knife or by X-Ray, and are endorsed by the Senate and Legislature of Virginia. We Guaramtee Our Cures.

KELLAM HOSPITAL 1615West Main St., Richmond, Va. FRED C. KELLAM, President.

W. J. CARTER.

H. Q. CARTER & CO.,

Successors to F. H. DEANB & CO.

HAY, GRAIN, MILL-FEED AND FLOUR.

llOR East Gary Street, RICHMOND, VA.

1908. In the Stud, 1008.

HACKNEY 8TALLION.

PATRICK HENRY.

Chestnut horse by "Squire Rickel," ion of the famous Cadet; dam, "Mar-)orle," a gold medal winner by "Rose-berry."

A POLLARD * SONS,

R. P. D. No. 5, Richmond, Va. Dunr&ven Stock Farm,

R. H. RICHARDSON,

1310 Hnll St.,

Manchester, Va.

Dealer in hardware and builders' supplies, paints and oils.

Large line of harness, farm wagons, and sportsmen's supplies.

WEALTH, 20570. Record 2:10

Bay horse, 16 hands; weight 1,100

pounds, by Gambetta Wilkes, world's leading sire of standard performers, with over 20l > in the list; dam Magnolia, by Norfolk, 3670, sire of Miss Nelson, 2:11%, etc. "Wealth combines fine size and good looks, with great natural speed.

Fee—$25 insurance.

Address:

I. J. COFFIN, R, F. D. No. 5, Richmond, Va.

Stallion cards, folders and -catalogs compiled; pedigrees of trotters and thoroughbred horses traced. My library includes Year Books, Trotting Registers, tud Books, Files of turf journals and other references. Special attention to registration of horses.

Address W. J. CARTER, 1105 E. Cary Street, Richmond, Va.

or, 1102 Hull St., Manchester, Va.

Representing The Times-Dispateh and Southern Planter, Richmond, Va.; The Trotter and Pacer, New York; The Horseman, Chicago, 1111.; The American Horse Breeder, Boston, Mass.

DR. FRAZER A. SMITH,

Veterinary Surgeon.

Office and hospital, 14 South 10th St. Richmond, Va.

WOODLAWN STOCK FARM

Hunters, jumpers, high class harness horses and Shetland Ponies for sale.

The "Woodlawn herd of Shetlands ii headed by the prize winning stallion, Governor Glenn, fee $15 season. I am offering some choice Shetland brood mares at reasonable prices.

Address,

HARRY C. BEATTIE, Woodlawn Farm, Richmond, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1047

NEW IDEA MANURE SPREADER.

Built like a wagon—Axles same length. Tires 4 inches wide— Best on earth. Write for special offer on first machine sold in each county of our territory.

Tornado Feed Cutters

BOTH HAND AND POWER.

Biggest Investment You Can Make.

Will Cut 3 Lengths.

Lightest Draft—Steady Running-.

Write for free Catalog. '

Fairbanks-Morse Gasoline and Kerosene Engines, Wind-Mills, Towers, Tanks, New Hollond Corn and Cob Mills, Wood Saws, Owensboro and Buckeye Farm Wagons, Hickory and Peters Buggies and Carriages, Bis-sel and Genuine Dixie Plows and Repairs, J. I. Case Portable and Traction Engines, Separators.

F. C. HOENNIGER & BRO., INC.

POSTAL US FOR CATALOGUES OR ANY INFORMATION DESIRED

1 432 East Main Street

Richmond, Va

(F. C Hoenniger, Pre*. A Tro.; T. W. Hoonnlger, V.-Pr««. A Mgr.; I_ O. Boone, Socy.)

■ - — rT»

SO

WILDER5

WHIRLWIND

SILO FILLER

Will fill your Silo with any Pow-e r from 4 H-Pup. Will cut or shred

green or dry fodder and cut hay or straw. Our catalog explains why Whirl" winds succeed where others fail. Carried in Stock at principal transfer points. Pamphlet,— "How and Why to Fill a Silo," sent free.

3333

4*

EVERYTHING USED ON THE FARM.

Farming Machinery, Vehicles, Harness.

**

A Few T Seasonable Implements:

Wilder-Strong Implement Go,

Boi 82 Monroe, Mich.

"ONTARIO" AND "PENNSYLVANIA GRAIN DRILLS.

WILDER-STRONG "WHIRLWIND" SILO FILLER.

"SWISS" FODDER AND FEED CUTTERS.

"McVICKER' GASOLINE ENGINES.

"NEW HOLLAND" AND "PEERLESS" FEED GRINDERS.

HORSE POWERS AND CORN AND COB GRINDERS COMBINED.

"THORNHILL" AND TENNESSEE" FARM WAGONS.

"ANDERSON" BUGGIES, SURREYS, AND RUNABOUTS.

CORN BINDERS, TWINE AND OIL.

WOOD SAWING OUTFITS.

Write for Circular and Prices on Anything Needed.

Greatest Capacity.

Least Power.

8 to 10 Tons.

Green Corn Per Hour.

W4K. BACHE, SONS & MULFORD.

i IJ406 East Main Street, Richmond, Va.

I W. K. BACHE. S. S. MULFORD. HARDIN K. BACHE. CYRUS McC. BACHE.

■W&:.

L^tt^^t^^^«^«^^^ **^^^r< ^t *«i*^*^<.t^^««i.^<.i.«nBrrrrprL^^\i\iiii«iiiiiiiia

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTEE

[November,

SENT FREE—TWO PRACTICAL

BOOKS THAT EVERY FARMER

NEEDS.

Just write the American Harrow Company, Detroit, Michigan, for your copies.

The farmer of to-day wants all the knowledge he can get that will increase the money returns from his labor.

And here are two books that are chock full of dollar-making facts and ideas.

Unless you already have the new 1909 American Manure Spreader Book and the new 1909 Detroit Tongueless Disc Harrow Book, it will be worth your while to write for them at once.

The American Spreader Book goes throughly into the fertilizer question —giving valuable suggestions on soil, fertilizers, the value of manures, etc.

It fully describes the famous American Manure Spreader the machine that has stood the hardest of tests and proved its service, its soundness and dependability. It is the result of over 25 years of broad manufacturing experience and its many exclusive features are practical improvements, every one.

The American Spreader will pay for itself in less than one year in what it will save in labor. One man and an American will do more work than three men and two wagons spreading

manure in the old way—and do it better.

The American Manure Spreader is sold direct from the American Harrow Company's factory to your farm on a full month's approval test, for cash or on time payments—and is fully guaranteed.

The Detroit Tongueless Disc Harrow is the greatest modern improvement in harrows. Cutting off the tongue and providing a forward truck does away with all jamming—end thrust—and whipping of horses that frets them and puts them out of commission just when you need them most. You can make the shortest turns with a Detroit Tongueless. On this harrow you can also have an extra attachment, the transport truck, which enables you to lift discs high off the ground when going over stones, sandy roads, bridges, etc.

Sold direct to you at factory prices on 30' days' free trial. Write for the free books to-day, mentioning this paper,, to American Harrow Company. 622 Hastings Street, Detroit, Mich.

Fairfax Co., Va. May 16, '08. The Southern Planter has been a great benefit to me in an effort to sue-cessfully manage "Old Evergreen Farm," in Fairfax county, the former home of ex-Governor Fitz. Lee.

C. H. GLADDEN.

Detail Index.

Salt On Hay Or Stover 1028

Orchard Grass—Moon Farming. .1028 Onion Growing—Irish Potatoes.. 1028

Red Poll Cattle 1030

Grub Worms on Land 1031

Seed for Name—Cow Ailing 1031

Irish Potatoes Rotting 1031

Irish Potato Growing 1032

San Jose Scale 10'33

Alfalfa Silage 1034

Feeding Value of Apples for

Stock 1035

Twin Cattle Breeding—Duroc-

Jersey Hogs 1035

Value of Corn . Stover for

Feeding 1035

Nassau Co., N. Y., Oct. 7, '08. I am pleased to note that you continue your excellent standard, The Southern Planter, and, if anything, think there is a slight improvement over that of a year ago, which, taken all in all, is very gratifying and deserving of praise. Having some knowledge of editorial work. I know how difficult it is to always produce an interesting magazine each month, and, in justice to your efforts, I must confess you have succeeded remarkably well .without dragging in that abomination, dry rot, as fillers so frequently encounted in publications of similar trend. H. W. HAFFA.

GENUINE PERUVIAN QUANO

UNTOUCHED BY THE CHEMIST OR THE MANUFACTURER

FOR

TOBACCO

COTTON

TRUCK

PERUVIAN GUANO CORPORATION,

RICHMOND, VA. CHARLESTON, 8. C.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1049

EAD THESE OFFERS

We are making a specialty this season of attractive subscription offers. We have made arrangements with a number of publishers of high-class periodicals whereby we can give you from 10 per cent, to 100 per cent, on your reading matter this winter. Read this list and show it to your neighbor and get him to join you in one of these offers.

NO. 1.

The Garden Magazine—Farming is Farm Journal (2 years) and The Southern Planter. Regular price, $2.50; our price, $1.

The Garden Magazine—Farmin, is the most beautiful of all agricultural magazines. The Farm Journal—well everybody knows it—is a clean, lively little paper, read by millions of farmers.

NO. 2.

Pictorial Review and Pattern, Ladies' World, Modern Priscilla and Southern Planter. Regular price $2.50; our price, $1.50

The first three appeal to the ladies, but will be found interesting to the entire family.

NO. 3.

Farm ami Fireside and Southern Planter. Regular price 75c; our price, 50c.

You get thirty-six helpful issues if you accept this offer.

NO. 4.

Southern Fruit Grower and Southern Planter. Regular price, $1.00; our price, 50c.

Surely these two monthlies are worth anyone's half dollar.

NO. 7.

The Times-Dispatch, any edition, Daily and Sunday, $6; Daily, $5; or Weekly, $1. and The Southern Planter, for the price of the Times-Dispatch alone.

NO. 5.

Hen

and Southern

Industrious Planter. Regular price, $1.00; our price, 50c.

The Hen is a breezy, up-to-date poultry monthly. We can furnish it on this offer for nothing.

NO. 8.

The Etude, for every music lover, American Magazine and Southern Planter. Regular price $3.00; our price $2.10.

NO. 6.

Farmers' Account Book.

A simple and complete record for keeping farm accounts; good for 3 or 4 years; contains valuable tables and information. Retails for 50 cents. You may have one free for a 3-year subscription to the Southern Planter at $1.00.

(Send 10c. to cover postage.1

NO. !».

St. Nicholas (new) McClures', Woman's Home Companion and Southern Planter. Regular price $0.25; our price $3.75.

NO. 10.

Everybody's, Delineator, St. Nicholas (new) and Southern Planter. Regular price, $6.00; our price, $3.50.

NO. 11.

Century, St. Nicholas (new) and Southern Planter. Regular price, $7.50; our price $5.50.

NO. 12.

Review of Reviews, St. Nicholas (new) and Southern Planter. Regular price $C50; our price, $3.50.

NO. 13.

Success, McClures', St. Nicholas (new) and Southern Planter. Regular price $6.00; our price $3.50.

NO. 16.

Southern Poultry Guide and Southern Planter. Regular price, $1.50; our price, $1.00.

The Southern Poultry Guide is Cal Husselman's great poultry book now on press. It contains 150 pages of hard, common sense on the poultry industry. ■ The author has had 40 years practical experience and knows what's what in the chicken business. We hope to get the book out during November, so send in your orders at once.

NO. 17.

Farm and Garden Hints and Southern Planter. Regular price, $1.00; our price 50c.

"Farm and Garden Hints" is a 50-page booklet which we had Prof. W. F. Massey write for us and it is now on press. This is a valuable little work which will retail for 50 cents, but we will give a copy absolutely free to anyone who will send us a new subscriber to The Southern Planter at 50 cents.

NO. 18.

Duggar's "Agriculture" and Southern Planter. Regular price, $1.25; our price, 91.00.

This is the work which was adopted by the Department of Education for use in public schools in Virginia. This fact alone is sufficient recommendation.

NO. 14.

and The

Any $1.00 Magazine Southern Planter.

Value $1.50, both lor $1.25.

NO. 15.

Any $1 county paper and The Southern Planter, both for $1.10.

NO. 19.

The Winter Lamb and Southern Planter.

This book, by Jos. E. Wing, sells for 50 cents but we will give one with a 3-year subscription at $1.00.

The book is neatly gotten up and is a valuable treatise on sheep.

To avoid errors, simply order by number, enclosing amount called for.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

RICHHOND,

- - = = VIRGINIA

;«3C3«3t3t*3t**3t3K***3t*^

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTEE

[November,

Wagons SHipped on Approval.

It does not make any difference where you live, we will ship you one of our Spotless Farm Wagons and let you examine it and try it before paying a cent on it. If not satisfactory return it at our expense. All we ask you to do is to deposit with your bank the cost of the wagon and have them write us that you have done so. If the wagon is satisfactory, they are to pay us the money. If not, they are to give it back to you. Is this fair enough?

These wagons have been on the market for twenty years and have an established reputation. Previously they have been sqld under a differnt name. Each wagon carries a guarantee for one year as shown below.

Now LooK at tKe Prices!

S27.75

TrllMBLE SKEIN ONE MORSE SPOTLESS WAQON, With Double Box, Spring Seat and Shafts.

THIMBLE SKEIN TWO HORSE WAQON COMPLETE

11% in. 11^ in. 11% in.

2B1793 2B1794 2S1796

2% X 8 2% x 8% 3 x 9

1% x % I 3 ft. 4 in. I%x7-16 3 ft. 4 in. l%g % |3 ft. 4 in.

4 ft. 4 ft. 4 ft.

6 in. 7% in. 8% in.

9 fc 6 in. 9 ft. 6 in 9 ft. 6 in.

2000 2500 2700

$44.40 45 60 46.80

$37 80 39.00 40.20

2B1798 2B1800

ONE HORSE STEEL AXLE WAGON

With Double Box, Spring Seat and Shafts.

1% > 7 1% X7

VA x % l^x 5-16

3>< x 2 in. I S l 4 x 8 In. %% x 2 in. |3 ft. x 8 in

m in. 9% In.

i% in. i% in.

7 ft. 7 ft.

6 in. 6 in.

1500 1800

$27 75 28 80

$23.40 $24 60

STEtiL AXLE TWO MORSE WAGONS COMPLETE.

1% x 7-16 l%x%

281802. 2B1804 2B1S06

\% x8

IX x 8%

I%x9

3 ft. 4 in. 3 ft. 4 in. 3 ft. 4 In.

4 ft. 4 ft. 4 ft.

11% In. 11% in. 11% in.

6 in. 7% in. 8% in.

9 ft. 6 in. 9 ft. 6 in. 9 ft. 6 in.

2000 2500 2700

$46 80 48 00 49.20

$40 20 41.40 42.60

WAGON EXTRAS

Shafts, for one horse wagon, complete

Body Brakes, for one horse wagon, complete. Gear Brakes, for one horse wagon, complete.

Gear Brakes, two horse wagon, complete

Loek Chains, two horse wagons, complete...

3.40 each

2.75 each

3.40 each

4.50 each

.47 each

Our Guarantee

Will make good any and all breaks due to defective workmanship and material which appears in the first year after purchase.

SPOTLESS CO., INC.,

122 SMOCKOE

SQUARE

RICHMOND, VA.

LABOR SAVING IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY.

THE WATT PLOW CO., Richmond, Va.

Smalley Electric Pole Saw. Equally adapted for sawing wood and poles up to 16 feet in length.

No. Ill Smalley Hand or Power Feed Cutter. The best hand power cutter on the market. It has 2 iH steel kniveswhich make a down cut.

Fish, Moline, and Weber 2 horse Wagons. Champion and Hickory 1 horse wagons

ii

Root and Vandervort and Alamo Gasoline Engines from 2 to 25 Horse Power. Circular furnished on request.

Smalley Cutters, Snappers and Huskers furnished with blower or elevators.

Chattanooga Reversible

Disc Plows made in 2 & 3 horse sizes.

Acme Harrow Made entirely o f steel and iron. It crushes , cuts, turns, smooths, & levels all in one operation.

Pittsburgh perfect poultry fence, Welded by electricity. Strong and ■^inexpensive

We give special attention to our mail order business and invite your correspondence.

THE WATT PLOW CO., RICHMOND, VA*

1426 East Main Street. 1438 East Franklin Street.