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still keep at good prices, indeed, are selling to-day higher than a year ago, and, with the revival in trade conditions which has set in since the electon of Mr. Taft to the presidency the indications are for an advance rather than a reduction. We are of opinion that all meat products are likely to see higher prices on account of the scarcity of stock. During the drouth in the middle and Western States, farmers rushed stock on to the markets as they could see no prospects of feed for them for the winter and there is now no large surplus supply to draw from, and this must have its effect on the markets. Whenever feed is abundant we are of opinion that it will pay to feed it to goo* stock even though corn is selling on the market at much beyond the average price. We have had abundant crops of forage and fodder and these have

or three men working with teams of ten or twelve horses and with some machines., such as reapers and threshers with teams of twenty horses, and doing the work which here in the South is done by more than three times as many men. There you will find the whole work of seeding a crop of grain completed at one operation and with one team. The plow has hitched behind it the harrow or cultivator and the roller and behind this follows the drill, and thus at one crossing of the field the land is prepared and the crop put in. We have got to come to this, and the sooner we make the start the greater will be the gain. The beginning of another crop year is the time to give this question consideration and this is our reason for introducing the subject at this time. The two great problems confronting the farmers of this country now are how

, ,, , ,, —■" •""» wunuuuug Liie jLciiuiers or tnis country

mostly been well saved. If now thev are utilized a« th^v + ^ ^ . "iimuy

™«,t, + * r, xi. J utilized as they to produce crops sufficiently large to meet

ought to be they should be a. snnri> B nf nrn.fit t. *>,„ * _ _„ . , .. y 5 meet

ought to be they should be a source of profit to the producers and be the means of greatly enhancing the fertility of the land.

The labor difficulty has this year been one of less importance than for several years- past. The effect of the money panic of 1907 was to cause almost a complete cessation of new development work and the building and improvement of railroads and other public works. Thousands of hands were discharged and many of these found their way back to the farms and were willing to work for wages which farmers could afford to pay, and thus relieved the situation. The true remedy, however, for scarcity of labor on the farm is the substitution of machinery, and this has made great progress in the South. Human labor is too costly to be used even at low wages, and farmers who have substituted machinery wherever it can be used have realized this and can get along and do more work with less than half the labor formerly required. These men are not likely to go back to the old days of the single plow with one or two hands and light teams, however low may be the wages. The tendency every day is to increase the power and strength of the machines used and to use horse, mule and steam or kerosene power to operate them. We are looking forward to the time when much of the horse power now required on the farm will be dispensed with and engine power be substituted. A great saving will result from this change as the engine only consumes when working, while horses and mules have to be fed at all times. In Europe this change is being largely made already and it will soon come about here. We plowed with steam more than forty years ago and in many sections of England to-day the travelling steam plow and cultivator is as common as the steam threshing outfit. Owners, of threshing outfits also operate steam plows and, after finishing up the threshing, set out with the steam plow and plow and fit the land for seeding at so much per acre. The co-operative ownership of these outfits by a number of farmers in any section would result in great economy in production and would make farmers largely independent of labor difficulties. Until this change comes about we would urge that farmers as they need new implements buy only the ones capable of doing the work of two or three of the old ones and operate these with heavier teams and thus economize on man power. In the West we find two

the requirements of a population now rapidly growing up to the 100,000,0'00 mark and to improve at the same time the fertility and" crop producing capacity of the land. In the solution of these problems machinery is to play the most important part and hence the necessity for its consideration. Greater crops cannot be made without better preparation of the land and this cannot be made without better and heavier implements except at a labor cost which will be relatively too large.

It is too late now to plant any further crops this year except it may be Canada peas and oats, in the Tidewater section of this State and the Eastern sections of North and South Carolina, and even in these sections the seeding of this crop at this time is only justified by the con-S1 deration that the work is gotten out of the way of other pressing work in the early spring months. Seeded now, the crop will be no earlier than if seeded in January or February unless the winter should be very mild and if it should be severe the risk of injury will be considerable. The crop is valuable as an early grazing crop for hogs and for green feed for stock and for an early hay crop and it comes off early enough to be followed by corn or some other forage crop. Sow two bushels of peas and cover deeply, say five or six inches, and then sow one bushel of oats and cover three or four inches

Though too late to sow any crop, it is not too early to begin to get the land ready for crops. One of the greatest faults of Southern farmers is that they fail to make use of the fine open winter weather which we have They argue that because we have not generally any severe frost that plowing the land in winter does not effect any good purpose. This, is wholly wrong Whilst we may not have the severe frost which the Northern farmer gets, w e yet have sufficient frost to greatly ameliorate land open to its influence, and another great purpose served is that by winter plowing we break the land and make it permeable by the rain and thus prevent washing and admit the air and sun into it. Land plowed now may require to be replowed later though more frequently, if the plowing be done deeply now, and especially if it be also subsoiled, this further breaking may be well done by the disc or cutaway harrow. But even if it be necessary to replow it this is not to be regretted as what all our land most needs to make it more produc-

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[December,

tive is more frequent plowing and breaking of the soil to thoroughly disintegrate it and admit the air, the sun, and the water into it. ,-■»-»

"The following extracts from a Bulletin issuedMj,MDr. Knapp, the Special Agent in charge of the Farmers Cooperative Demonstration Work, on this suh.ecto*aU cnH winter Blowing, are so pertinent and so full ot sound "sdom that we make no excuse for republishing them. They ought to be read and re-read and pondered by every farmer and acted upon:

The presence of heat, air, and moisture is essentia to

chemical rind germ action in the preparation of plant

od Tn the sotl. The depths to which these penetrate

he soil depend upon the depth of the plowing, provided

the soil is well drained. There is no use in plowing down

nto a subsoil full of water. It has been proved

beyond question that the roots of plants Penetrate fte sort deeper and feed deeper in deeply plowed land. Thus, m general, it may he stated that when the soil is plowed three inches deep the plants have three inches of food when plowed six inches deep, they have six inches of food and when plowed ten inches deep they have ten inches of food. The fact that the bottom portions of the plowed land are not as rich in available plant food as the top portions shows the necessity of getting more air and heat down to them by deeper tillage. The

most essential condition for fertile soil is a constant supply of moisture, so that a film of water can envelop the soil particles and absorb nutritive elements. The hair roots of plants drink this for nourishment. If there is any more than enough to serve as films for the soil particles and capillary matter, there is too much and it should be drained off. This can be determined by digging a hole twenty inches deep. If there is standing water in the bottom of the hole, it indicates too much water in the soil or subsoil. * * * * The capacity of a given soil to hold film and capillary moisture depends upon how finely it is pulverized and upon the amount of humus in it. Unplowed lands retain but little water. Thoroughly pulverized soil three inches deep cannot store enough to make a crop. * * * * In all Southern States there are every year periods of drought, sometimes not serious, but generally sufficiently protracted to reduce the crop. The remedy for this is increased Storage capacity for moisture. This can be accomplished by deep and thorough tillage and by filling the soil with humus (partly decayed vegetation). The effect of deep tillage has been explained. The effect of humus is to greatly increase the storage capacity of soils for water and to reduce evaporation. A pound of humus will store seven and one-half times as much moisture as a pound of sand, and the sand will lose its water by evaporation three and one-half times more rapidly than the humus. A clay soil will store only about one-fourth as much moisture as humus, and will lose it by evaporation twice as rapidly. * * * * Plants use an enormous quantity of water. An acre of good corn will absorb and evaporate during its growth nearly ten inches of water. About three-fourths of this amount will be required during the last seventy-five days of its growth, or at the rate of two and two-fifths inches ot water a month. This is in addition to evaporation from the soil, which, even with the retarding influence of a

I dust mulch, will amount to several inches each montji in midsummer. * * * * An objection is sometimes urged that fall-plowed soil becomes saturated with water dur-,ng the winter and remains wetter andI colder later in the spring than land left unbroken in the fall. This is true only upon land not sufficiently drained and where the breaking is shallow. Water passes through deep breaking readily, and, with reasonable drainage, it is ready for planting earlier than lands broken In the spring. * * * * When land is nearly level and drainage poor, the soil should not be flat-broken, but be left in ridges or narrow lands about five or six feet wide, suitabe for nlanting with a dead furrow between. This provides win-ErlrSnie and keeps the pulverized soil out of the water, which is important even if unbroken. * * * * A deeper and more thoroughly pulverized seed bed was the, ftRation upon which England built an improved ^culture, and thl principle has been generally accepted here for more than one hundred and sixty years until the aver^ age production has increased nearly fivefold. * Do

not bring to the surface too much of the subsort. The best plan is to double plow; that is, to follow the break ing plow in the same furrow with-a subsoil plow or narrower plow or a scooter (with sides removed) and go down as deeply as desired. Generally the disc plow may be sent down eight or ten inches ^^f * ^ plowing is done in the fall, and especially if the laud Plowed twice or more. * * * * There is no question that breaking and pulverizing to a depth of eight to ten or twelve inches is economical. The cost of breaking ten inches deep, when done with a disc plow, should not he more than fifty cents an acre in excess °l breaking six inches deep. Whether a plant has plenty of food all the time or only part of the time makes the difference between a good crop and a poor crop.

Turn down all the vegetable matter upon the land to make humus. Do not plow when the land is too wet to work well.

Land needing draining should have attention during the winter months. Very much of the land in the South would be greatly improved in productiveness by the lowering of the natural water level. This is too near the surface on most of our best lands to permit them to make the yields they are capable of. Because water does not stand on the surface constantly is not an indication that land does not need drainage. Wherever water stands in a hole dug twelve or eighteen inches deep that land needs draining. Plants cannot grow in water sogged land and it is the underlying water that does the injury, not that falling on the surface and merely standing for a few days Get the underlying water off so as to increase the depth of the isoil in which the air can circulate and then crops will have a chance to succeed whether the season be a wet or a dry one. Drains should be put down from thirty to thirty-six inches deep and should be filled up not with loose rocks or trash but with the stiffest soil du- out of them. This will cause the drains to draw the° water from the adjoining land on either side of the drain and thus do full service. A drain filled with rocks and loose trash will simply carry off the water falling upon its course and will not suck it out of the adjoining land. When this water is drained out that falling on

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the surface all over the field will soon find its way down to the depth of the drains and will do no harm. The greatest difficulty experienced in draining land in this State is the absence of tile works which make3 the tile cost too much money, as they have to be brought from the North or West. It would pay farmers in every section of the State to establish cooperative tile works for supplying themselves with the tiles needed. Drainage should be done at a cost of from $15.00 to $20.00 per acre at the outside and the increased productiveness of the land would in a few years repay this many times over. We have drained scores of acres of land and therefore know from practical experience the truth of what we say.

•Have all fodder and forage crops not already stored under cover or stacked at once hauled out of the fields and placed in the barn, or in stacks over which a good roof should be fixed, and let these be located near the barn for handiness in feeding.

Fix everything tidily and snugly about the farm buildings and home, and make good footpaths from the house to the farm buildings, wood-house and other conveniences, so that in bad weather the necessary work may be attended to without wading through mud, slush and snow.

The work of cleaning up land intended to be brought into crops and cultivation ought to have attention. Do this work thoroughly. Don't leave rocks or stumps to interfere with plowing a straight furrow from one side of the field to the other. Left in the ground, these obstructions cause broken implements, waste of land, loss or temper and harbor briars, weeds, insects and fungoid diseases. Clean them out as they are met with.

Digout and haul off onto the roads through the farm all rocks interfering with the cultivation of the land and gather the loose rocks from the fields and haul these on to the roads and fill up all deep holes with them and cover with gravel, first, breaking the stones into small pieces so that they will set. Fill up the ruts by pulling in the sides and bring the surface of the road into good shape, highest in the center and lowest at the sides, and plow out the ditches on each side to ensure good drainage and thus make a road which will be permanent and dry.

A Merry Christmas and Happy and Prosperous New Year to All.

Old fences should be repaired and new ones be fixed where needed, but do not multiply them unnecessarily, as they are a constant source of expense, and should only be put up when absolutely necessary to the effective working of the farm on a good system of rotation. Make all fences straight and in parallel lines as far as possible, to economise time in working the land. Put gates into every fence to admit of access to the fields, and to ensure stock being kept where placed.

Clean out the ice pond, and get it filled with pure clean water, ready for the first frost. Clean out the icehouse and repair it, ready for use. If you have no icehouse, now is the time to build one. The best ice-house is one built above ground, and is practically nothing more than one house within another one, with a space between the walls of the two houses of eighteen inches or two feet, which must be packed tight with sawdust. The natural ground makes as good a floor as any, and should have logs laid on it, with open spaces between them to keep the ice out of water draining from the ice. This water should all fall to one point, from which it should be carried off by a drain, which drain should be trapped with a bent pipe, which will stand full of water to exclude inflowing air. A double roof should be placed on the house, with a good air space between the inner and outer roofs, and plenty of ventilation should be provided to carry off all warm air.

THE PROBLEM OF FERTILITY IN EASTERN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

Some writers tell us there is enough potash and phosphate in tlhe subsoil to last hundreds of years, and that it is only necessary to use long tap-rooted plants, such as peas and clover to bring this up, and add humus; others tell us that potash and phosphate must be used, or the land will get too poor to sprout peas.

Now, which side is right? With the price of the ingredients now almost prohibitive, what will it be when everybody begins using them? Besides, will the mines hold out much longer? If farmers have to depend on these ingredients, •their future is a gloomy one. I have several times used a mixture of potash and phosphate on peas on light land, but saw no benefit, the fertilized and unfertilized bringing a fair crop.

Manure made from pea hay will not begin to cover the land from which it was taken. The cattle will drop much in places where it will do no good.

Much land in Eastern Virginia was never rich. You may make a clearing in the woods, and it will produce but a very little better than an old cultivated field. All the discussions in the farm papers seem to apply solely to stiff clay lands. Much land is in as good a mechanical condition after it is harrowed once as it would be if gone over a hunldlred times, still it produces poorly.

H. T. FAUNT LE ROY. New Kent Co., Va.

All the heavy lands and nearly all the light lanas on a clay subsoil have both potash and phosphoric acid sufficient in them to produce good crops for hundreds of years, if only the same was in an available condition, but largely these are unavailable, and must remain so until released by deepening and cultivation of the soil, and the introduction of a regular course of rotation of crops. A prime requisite for all the lands of Eastern Virginia is humus in the soil. Long cultivation in clean hoed crops has consumed all the vegetable matter in tfhe soil, and without the presence of this in abundance, the potash and phosphoric acid will not become available. Humic acid, the produce of decaying vegetable matter in tne soil, is essential to dissolve out and make available the phosphoric aoid and potash. The surface soil in these sections—and this is largely true all through the South— has been so robbed of its vegetable matter and mineral plant food by a long system of poor farming, that it

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

must have some help to get it started in the production of this vegetable matter; hence, the advice to apply acid phosphate and potash to give the needed help. The proper crops to use for supplying the vegetable matter are the legumes, cow peas, soy beans and crimson clover, as these crops, when they have the needed mineral plant food (phosphoric acid and potash) can get the nitrogen from the atmosphere, and thus avoid the necessity for buying the costliest form of plant food—nitrogen. It is impossible to secure a heavy growth of any of these legumes on the lands of Eastern Virginia without the use of these minerals, and until a heavy growth has been secured and turned into the land, the unavailable fertility cannot be utilized. We have never known the production of these crops and their return to the soil for a year Or two to fail to make these lands productive, so that with the adoption of a proper system of rotation following profitable crops of other kinds could not be made. The lack of available phosphoric acid in all the old cultivated soils of the E'ast, is next to the lack of humus, probably the most important factor requiring attention, and it is well that this is so as this can be supplied at the least cost of any plant food. It is stating the point extravagantly to say the price of these mineral plant foods is nearly prohibitive of their use. Acid phosphate, in which the phosphoric acid is at once available, can be bought at from $10.(r0 to $15.00 per ton, according to the amount of available acid present, and the application of 300 pounds to the acre, costing from $1.50 to $2.00, cannot, surely, be considered a, prohibitive price to ensure a heavy growth of a legume crop, which will make from two to three tons of hay of the most valuable feeding quality, if cut off, and yet leave from seventy-five to 100 pounds of nitrogen added to the soil for the production of the next crop, and which, if properly balanced by the addition of the necessary amount of phosphoric acid and potash, will make a profitable crop of a non-legume; or, if a legume is again sown, a much heavier crop than the one removed. When once the land is supplied With humus and nitrogen by the growth of legumes, the staple crops can be produced profitably with phosphoric acid alone, as has been demonstrated in all that section of the State, and especially by Dr. Stubbs, in Gloucester county. Our correspondent should read the article from the pen of Dr. Stubbs, published in our October issue, and follow his-advice and practice, and he will soon see that Eastern Virginia lands can be made productive at comparatively small cost. The need of applying potash is doubtful, even on the sandy land, except for the production of tobacco and Irish potatoes. Dr. Stubbs finds it unnecessary in Gloucester county, an\i we have the same report from other counties in that section. The use of lime at the rate of one ton to the acre will, in nearly all cases, 'suffice to set free sufficient potash to supply the needs of the staple crops, and this can be had at from $3.00 to $5.00 per acre, and only needs to be used once in every three or four years; thus, practically only costing about $1.00 per acre per year, surely not a prohibitive price for this valuable ameliorative of the condition of the soil, for lime acts not merely as a releaser of potash, but on these light lands as a binder of the soil, making it more cohesive and retentive of moisture. Our friend need

be under no apprehension as to the failure of the phosphate mines for years to come. There are millions of tons of phosphate rock in Florida and Tennessee already known and worked, and in all probability, there are deposits elsewhere not yet exploited. For potash we are as yet dependent on the great mines of Germany, which are apparently inexhaustible, and it may yet be found that we have similar deposits in this country. Where potash is needed to be supplied it can be bought at about the same price per unit as phosphoric acid, and therefore, is a cheap fertilizer, seeing that only a small quantity is needed per acre: say, from fifty to 100 pounds for the staple crops. Our correspondent is a pessimist like, sadly, too many of our farmers. He anld they need to become optimists. If they will only do their share of the work with intelligence, Providence will give the reward. Hitherto they have largely violated the laws of nature by taking everything and giving back nothing. Plow deep in the fall and winter, and a little deeper every year in the spring; grow the legumes both winter and summer; feed these with phosphoric acid, and then feed them to the land either as vegetable matter turne|dl down; or, better, through the medium of live stock as manure, carefully saved under cover, and applied at once to the land, and adopt and follow closely a rotation of crops, which, shall bring at least one legume crop on to the land—and it is easy enough in our climate to bring two— each year between each staple crop removed, and In five years' time there is not an. acre of land in Eastern Virginia which cannot be made to produce profitable crops, unless it is in need of drainage to lower the natural water level. Crops and stagnant water cannot coexist.—Ed.

THOUGHTS SUGGESTED BY THE NOVEMBER ISSUE.

Editor Southern Planter:

I was much interested in Mr. Grizzard's views on the cultivation of corn in Southampton county, Va., and am glad to see him courageously standing for a practice which has proved successful in spite of the contrary advice of the experiment stations. Both he and the editor are absolutely correct in everything they say; he in his practice and Mr. Jackson in his principles of agriculture. Mr. Grizzard says that plowing dirt to corn insures a larger yield, and the editor says it exposes twice as much surface to the action of the sun's rays, thereby leading to a more rapid evaporation. Now, it has so happened that I have seen both sides of the picture, for I was born and raised on the north shore of Long Island, a terminal morain formed by a glacier which rested in the valley of the Connecticut River several years before Adam, and which, upon coming in contact with the main waters of the Atlantic Ocean melted, and made the deposit which is now selling for $1,000 an acre. The north shore of the island is a succession of sand hills, with gravel beds and boulders interspersed here and there, and there is no soil other than sand, and vegetable mould, and no regular subsoil whatever, except the same sand and gravel down as far as you can go.

As an illustration, I may mention that the well on our place was 106 feet deep, and you could see stars from the

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bottom at mid-day. It is on soil of this character that a shallow level cultivation is absolutely essential; in fact, every effort of the agriculturist must be bent toward securing and conserving moisture. A high spot in a field is synonymous with a poor spot, and if there is any un-drained basin in a field where water that falls on frozen ground will pond during the winter, that is invariably the richest part of the land. At the age of twenty-four I left this country, and bought a farm in Tidewater Virginia that is nearly square, and has no part excepting the river bank which is twelve inches higher than the average, where a fall of six inches in 100 yards is called a hill, where the average well is eight feet deep, and during most of the year every horse track is a mud hole, and ■every post hole a very capable well, where a high tide comes within four feet of submerging the whole farm, and where there still remains on the adjoining farms traces of the dikes which, prior to the war, were used as .a defence against the invasion of the "gurt tides." I may, therefore, fairly say that I have experienced both extremes in the problem of water conservation and water •elimination; and, I found not only by observation, but partially by dear bought experience, that the level cultivation of my youth was a sure road to crop failure, and starvation when applied in practice in middle age, and that the problem here was not the conservation of moisture, but its elimination, that crops might suffer here from drouth, but were absolutely destroyed by drowning, that successful agriculture consisted not in saving all the water that fell, but in getting rid of all that the land would not absorb, before it would work an injury, and only saving the balance by cultivation and the forming of the mulch.

It is unquestionably true, as Mr. Jackson has pointed out, that a shallow level cultivation will preserve the moisture, but why recommend it to a man who already has entirely too much moisture now, *and who, by plowing his field full of ridges, can expose a larger surface to the sun, and thereby do by aeration what he possibly cannot afford to do by drainage. To sum up the situation: A system that is applicable to a Long Island sand bank will not grow corn on Virginia lowgrounds, and the system which will succeed on Virginia low grounds will destroy the productive capacity of a sand hill 200 feet high. As you leave the lowest of the wet lands and the highest of the dry lands, you will find the methods ol culture to vary, ana various methods be successful until you meet on the mutual ground, where any method will give a good crop, the one essential thing being to move the soil particles, and destroy the weeds at regular intervals.

Mr. Marsh sounds a warning which may be applicable to Northern New York, but which will be but little heeded in Virginia, at least in Tidewater, for, while we may have occasionally small pieces of land used for trucking which become too rich in nitrogen to produce good crops there is little danger, I am sorry to say, of any one's whole farm getting into that condition. Our people grow grain and "hay, the former of which contains large amounts ot nitrogen, and apply little of any fertilizer, but phosphoric acid and potash to the soil, they have little to fear from

nitrogen accumulation. Mr. Marsh says the farmers about Ithaca use from 300 to 1,0'00 pounds of 10.8 goods to the acre. A crop of wheat yielding sixty bushels to the acre would require approximately only 300 pounds of ten per cent, phosphoric acid, provided there was none in the soil, and twenty-four pounds of actual potash, which he would get from 300 pounds of eight per cent, potash would a little more than balance it. It is a sensible combination, and well adapted to the wheat crop, where the natural nitrogen content of the soil is sufficient to grow sixty bushels of wheat per acre, but what in the world they want with 1,000 pounds of such a fertilizer is beyond my comprehension. 1,000 pounds of ten per cent, phosphoric acid would be lO'O pounds actual phosphorous, enough to grow 200 bushels of wheat per acre, provided the land could furnish the additional six and eight-tenths pounds needed, together with the necessary nitrogen. Of course, these excessive amounts of fertilizer are more applicable to a corn than to a wheat crop for, while corn and spring wheat have practically the same analysis, so far as phosphoric acid and potash are concerned, one usually expects about twice the yield per acre from corn and 1,000 pounds of 10-8 goods would furnish the mineral constituents for an enormous crop, even were the composition of both corn and fodder dependent upon the chemicals applied, as the following figures will show,potash being the controlling factor:

Analysis of corn—ears and fodder, N., 1.76; Ph. a., .54; Pot., .89. Actual potash in 1,000 pounds of 10-8 goods, 80 lbs. Formula: .89 per cent. X 2,000 = 17.8; 80-=- 17.8=4% tons per acre, or four and one-half average two-horse loads of unshucked corn, as it is usually hauled to the fodder shredder. It must say that I am afraid it is a larger yield than the average here in the Tidewater section, though it is not impossible on land such as Mr. Marsh describes, that is overdosed with nitrogen from stable manure and supplemented by such heavy applications of mineral fertilizer.

Professor Massey has misrepresented the experiments of Professor Stubbs, at Valley Front, in describing them as conclusive as regards the deficiency of potash in the soil, for it was just the other way about. He demonstrated that he had plenty of potash, but lacked phosphoric acid and nitrogen, the latter of which he purposes to supply with stable manure and legumes, and the former by acid phosphate. I have had the pleasure of visiting Mr. Stubbs at his ancestral home, and have heard him describe the whole procedure to the assembled members of the Farmers' Club, of Gloucester county. He has done a great work there, and the farm which was regarded as synonymous with poverty, due to neglect for a long period after the war, now grows excellent crops and supports a large quantity of live stock. As I understand it, Mr. Stubbs has done this without the purchase of any great quantity of nitrogen, and with practically nothing, but the tolls from his grist mill in the way of auxiliary feeds for the maintenance of live stock and building up of the manure pile. This in itself is a great achievement, and gees to prove that our lands may be made more and more fertile with nothing outside their own resources but phosphoric acid. Whether or not a profit can be made in the doing is more

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[December,

than has yet transpired. I have heard it intimated that Valley Front was a losing investment for Professor Stubbs during the years of its incipiency. It should pay its way now» if any farm can.

I can appreciate Mr. Baily's difficulty in turning under foul land with a chilled plow. I used to try do such things myself when I first moved here, but fortunately for my venture, I came here too young for the matter of habit to have any very serious effect upon my comprehension. Of course, I don't know from experience anything about foul land on hillsides; but on my own land I have never seen any growth that could not be handled by a big Champion or Dixie plow, and my choice would depend upon my teams. Neither plow will choke when moving at the required speed, but the Champion is better suited to a fast team than the Dixie, and has the additional advantage of lighter draft. Both plows are designed for the same class of work, the handling of loose land that is more or less matted in patches, and covered with loose trash. The difference is that the Dixie has a more abrupt turn to the mould board, and consequently works at a lower speed. Neither plow is fit to use in sod, and no Southern farm is well equipped without two sets of plows the size and style of which should depend largely upon the team and the tenacity of the soil. I use 1,100-pound horses and a No. 19 Oliver for sod, and a No. 11% Champion for all other plowing. The draft is about the same, but the chilled plow cuts a shade the largest furrow, and is the most economical to use wherever it will do good work, but I have no use for one in the garden or in a stalk field.

I am much interested in Professor Soule's diagrams for hog lot rotations, and recommend their careful study. This is a very practical subject, and his illustrations are excellent. Perhaps it appeals to me more than to others because I have been hunting for some cheap method of making pork without recourse to the corn crib ever since I can remember, and have never found any system which exactly fulfilled my requirements.

PERCIVAL HICKS.

Matthews Co., Va.

The comment on Professor Massey's remarks on Dr. Stubbs' article is founded on a mistake made by the printers, and is, therefore, inapplicable. Professor Massey wrote "Phosphoric Acid," and the printer made this "Potash." The mistake was corrected, but the correction was overlooked. Professor Massey calls attention to this in this issue.—Ed.

THOSE LOAFING ACRES.

Editor Southern Planter:

How many loafing acres have you that are not yielding a profit, nor even making taxes and interest?

Every day, as I travel over the country I see fields which are claifned to be worth a hundred dollars per acre, with a swale running across, a couple of stone piles in a corner, or a few scrawny, half dead apple trees scattered over them. These acres are loafing ,and what is worse, not only loafing, but costing the farmer hard-earned money every time he sends a man into the field

to work, as the value of time wasted in turning around such obstructions is very great.

With the heavy machinery in use in modern agriculture, a man must have a clean sweep across the field, it he is to be successful. Often a few dollars would put in an underdrain and transform a worthless swale into fertile land. The same amount would take out the stones or root out the trees. Trees are all right in their place, but their place is near the fence, or in a clump by themselves, not scattered all over an otherwise profitable field.

Often we see several acres of rough land which is not in a shape to be cultivated, loafing in weeds and brush, between live, producing fields, simply because the farmer has not the ambition to fence them in. If such land cannot be put under cultivation with profit, it should be fenced and turned into pasture, or if the farmer wishes to grow trees, let him set out some useful variety; but he must not allow the land to loaf away with his profits, growing weeds, brambles and brush, for though many farmers do not seem to know it, there are just as many weeds in the shape of worthless trees, as in ordinary crops.

Another way in which your acres loaf, is by growing crops in small patches, which can be seen all over the country. Here not only the land loafs, but also the farmer, the hired man and the teams in time spent in turning corners, and wasted in cultivating small patches. In order to succeed with modern heavy machinery, the farmer must be able to cultivate long stretches.

Cut out all parts of your farm that are loafing, and not producing, even if it takes half your farm, and run the rest on a short rotation with clover or other legumes, and you will produce more crops, with one-half the man and team labor.

Another way of allowing your land to loaf, and especially in the older portions of the country, is not to supply sufficient plant food to bring a profitable crop to maturity. The farmer's land is his bank. A part of the plant food is made available each year from nature's inexhaustible supply, the rest must be supplied, and if he takes it out faster than it is renewed, his crops will fail. How sad it is to see a farmer plow, cultivate, sow, harvest and thresh half a crop from a field, when with the same amount of fabor he could have prevented his field from loafing, by supplying the amount of plant food needed to grow a full crop, as is done by successful farmers all over the country.

What to use can only be found out by experience and advice from the experiment stations and practical farmers, but if clover and other legumes are grown, and a large amount of manure made, very little nitrogen will be needed. But it is probable that the mineral plant food will be deficient, especially potash and phosphoric acid, which can be obtained separately as potash salt's and acid phosphate, or in mixture, prepared especially for those farmers who rely on atmospheric nitrogen. As a usual thing, however, the latter class of farmers have fewer loafing . aces, and they produce maximum crops on clean fields supplied with sufficient potash, phosphoric acid and nitrogen, as shown by carefully conducted tests with the plant food elements. To the farmer with loafing acres 1 can only say: Get rid of loafing acres and other loose ends first, then you will be in a position to emulate the example of the " close to nature farmer."

G. FRED. MARSH.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

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CORN GROWING AND IMPROVING LAND.

Editor Southern Planter:

In the January number of the Planter of this year 1 Dcticed the demonstrative work being carried on by the farmers in the vicinity of Burkeville, under instructions from Mr. T. O. Sandy. I determined to know how this mode of farming applied to raising corn would do in Southwest Virginia, so decided to try the plan on about five acres on my farm in Carroll county, and the experiment has proved a success, though I did not follow his instructions in full. I did not subsoil, and did not plow the land until early spring, but broke it from six to seven inches deep. I applied lime, one ton to the acre, and harrowed it in; also applied 400 pounds of bone meal on two and a half acres, and acid phosphate, sixteen per cent, on the other half. I find that the: corn on which the acid phosphate was applied was the equal, if not better, than where the bone meal was used. In working the crop i followed his instructions as to sowing crimson clover at the last working, and have a nice stand. I do not think our seasons are long enough here to wait for the clover to get in full bloom before turning under, and then make a crop of corn next summer; and, therefore, am at a loss how I shall proceed further. I want to put this land in corn in 1910, and have been thinking that when the clover gets in bloom, which, I suppose, will be about the first of June, that I will cut it down with my disc harrow, and let it remain until it wilts, then turn it under as deep as I can, and in September sow it back in clover, adding about a bushel of rye to the acre, on which I will apply about 400 pounds of acid phosphate to the acre.

Acid phosphate seems to answer the purpose of bone meal with equal, if not better, results for the first crop, but bone meal may be much better and last much longer in the end for future crops. I would like to hear from you about this.

C. L. HANKS. Carroll Co., Va.

We think you should be able to grow a cowpea crop for hay, following the turning down or cutting in of the crimson clover if you did not wait until the clover is in full bloom, and then follow this crop with crimson clover and grain mixed (wheat, oats and rye in equal part, one bushel to the acre, and twelve or fifteen pounds of crimson clover, with an application of 300 or 400 pounds of acid phosphate per acre). In the event of your adopting this course, we would cut in the crimson clover crop with the disc harrow instead pf plowing it down, and drill the peas at the rate of two pecks to the acre, using the grain drill with every other spout stopped. Cut for hay in August or September, and then cut in the stubble and fertilize with the disc harrow, and sow the crimson clover and grain mixture. This would enable you to get a crop of good feed, and yet put the land in better condition for the following corn crop, and this without the cost of two plowings. If you do not think you could succeed with the cowpea crop in your section—here we have no difficulty in doing this—then your plan of plowing down the crimson clover will be all right, except that you should let it get more than wilted, or you may at that season of the year sour the land. Let it get most of the natural moisture out of the crop before turning down, and then

do not turn the furrows completely over, but edge them so as not to destroy the connection of the turned furrow with the subsoil. In this way the capillarity of the soil will be maintained, and the moisture from below will rise in the land and ensure the decay of the clover crop, and provide humus for the next crop. We greatly prefer to grow some crop on the land to utilize the nitrogen gathered by the clover, as there is risk of loss of much of this by leaching if the land be left bare during the summer months. Better grow only half a crop of cowpeas than run this risk. The acid phosphate will give you the phosphoric acid needed just as well as the bone, but it will De more completely used in one crop than would the phosphoric acid in the bone. In acid phosphate the phosphoric acid is immediately available. In bone it is only slowly available, and its benefit will be seen in several crops following the application.—Ed.

COMMENTS ON OCTOBER PLANTER. Fertilizers.

Editor Southern Planter:

In regard to Mr. Marsh's article on manures in last month's Planter, I would suggest tnat one has to take into consideration not only the needs of his soil, but the special needs of the various crops. One who studies his soil as Dr. Stubbs has done, may find out that he needs but one of the mineral elements. Dr. Stubbs says that his soil needed phosphoric acid rather than potash, though I was made last month to say that ne found potash the one thing needed. But if Dr. Stubbs was growing tobacco or potatoes it might be that he would find potash needed for these crops.. Some of the best and most thoughtful farmers in Eastern North Carolina insist that phosphoric acid does no good on their lands, while potash is needed. And this is the difficulty with the ready-made fertilizers. Thousands of tobacco growers are using every year the regular 3-8-3 goods for tobacco, not understanding that the percentage of phosphoric acid is entirely too large, while the percentage of potash is too small for their crop, and not stopping to inquire the source of the three per cent, of potash in the article, which is generally from the muriate, and hurtful to tobacco. But so long as farmers buy fertilizer by the brand name, and without any study of the needs of their soils or crops they will go on wasting money in what they need not buy, and depending on fertilizers merely to get more sale crops. Corn Culture. Mr. Grizzard would hardly sever a hog's gullet to make him grow, and does he understand that the only part of the root of corn or any plant that is getting food from the soil is the small part out near the end of the root fibers that has root hairs on it, and that when these are cut off the root is perfectly useless to the plant till it can make new fibers and new root hairs? Corn may suffer on flat land that needs drainage when cultivated level, but the cure is in draining the land. With Mr. Grizzard's method there is too much human labor involved. Farmers complain of the scarcity of labor, and yet put one man to one mule, and go several times in a row, when one man with two mules to a riding cultivator could do the work faster than two men with the plows, and do it better. I have grown corn on as flat land as any in South-

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

anipton county, and never ridged it up with a plow in laying by, and grew heavier crops than my neighbors who did so. In fact, I have made over 100 bushels of corn per acre on land behind a big dyke to keep the salt water off, and I know that deep preparation and shallow cultivation is beat even there. Mr. Grizzard says that the earth is thrown up to make a niulch. It is thrown up and dries out, while if it had been left level and the surface scratched, it would have held the moisture for the roots, and the feeding roots down the middles would not have been cut, and the corn starved. He says, make the siding shallow, but break the middles four inches deep. Does he realize that at that time the feeding roots have crossed each others rows, and running deep in the middles is cutting the roots of both rows?

Turning Down Green Crops.

Mr. Bailey wants a plow to turn down green crops. I do not, for I would never turn down a green crop in hoi weather for a sown crop, because of the serious danger of souring the soil. The only green crop I would turn under is crimson clover or rye, in the early spring, and for a hoed crop. While the Oliver plow is an excellent one for most purposes, it chokes worse than others in this use, and the Syracuse is much better. I have had little experience with disc plows, but I do not believe they will turn under a good growth. There is in use here for cutting sweet potato vines a revolving disc cutter, right in front of which is an iron bar sloping backwards from the end of the beam to just in front of the disc. This presses the vines down and keeps them from riding up over the cutting disc. With something of this sort on the front of a plow beam I believe we could do away with the chain.

Farm Papers.

Mr. Carlton hits a point that has often occurred to me. How is it that farmers will take farm papers and still follow the old ruts till some one gets them to try a "demonstration." The demonstrations are all right, except that they seem to be demonstrating more how much fertilizer a man can use than anything else. But how is it that a farmer will take a paper and not profit at all by what he reads. That is what has always bothered me. I get letters continually from farmers asking advice about matters that we have discussed over and over again in the papers they take and do not read. There is just the trouble: the paper is taken and thrown' aside and rarely read carefully, and suggestions that are made for one man, but which would equally suit another are not seen by the other man till some condition impels him to ask the same question that has already been answered. I thoroughly believe in heavy seeding of grass and clover. My neighbors used to laugh at me for sowing a peck of clover seed per acre, but my clover was always enough heavier than theirs to pay for the difference in seed many times over. Mr. Carlton's nine quarts of grass seed will answer very well where clover is also sown. Doddies. I hope that if the Doddies will give an abundance of milk for the calf that Mr. French will let it go at that, and not try to get them into that mythical class called "dual purpose," but raise them for what they are noted, the making of the finest beef in the world? A beef ani-

mal bred into dairy type is to that extent a poorer beef animal. Doddies often top the beef market, duals never. Salt in Hay. I am glad that Editor Jackson sits down on the salt-in-hay business. I have never been able to understand why people want to put salt on the hay and keep it from drying out. Once when I was busy making ensilage, a farmer came up and said, "Ain't you going to put salt on that stuff" , I assured him that I was not. "It will certainly spoil if you don't." When I opened the silo for feeding he came, and was astonished that the green corn had not rotted. Salt would really have done less harm to the silage than to hay. Let the salt-in-hay go with the moon and sign farming.

W. F. MAS SB Y.

FERTILIZER PROBLEMS. Editor Southern Planter:

Professor Massey, on page 871 of the October issue, takes me to task for the (according to his dictum) mistake of recommending the purchase of nitrogen.

In order to set myself fairly before your readers I will digress a little, and explain what I am trying to show. The purchase of fertility I regaru as a simple business proposition. When fertilizers are high and crop markets low, so that the nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium in a bushel of corn costs more than the bushel of corn will sell for, as has been largely the case for the past few years I have always advised against the application of any fertilizer to the corn crop, but when fertilizers are cheap and corn is high, so that a farmer may buy the nitrogen, phosphorous and potash necessary to produce a bushel of corn, pay the cost of transportation and distribution, and the cost of marReting the additional yield, and still find the price of a bushel of corn in excess of the cost of production, it seems to me good business to increase the yield per acre as far as it can be done, while leaving a margin of profit.

Now, in regard to the purchase of nitrogen, I take a similar view; first, produce all you can at home in manure and by the growth of legumes, then apply so much phosphorous and potassium as is necessary to balance the nitrogen on hand>, which will, generally speaking, be very Ittle, but as soon as you have reached this point, the purchase of additional phosphorous and potash is absolutely useless, unless you also purchase nitrogen in due proportion, as compared with the mineral elements required by the crop in question.

What I protest against is the heavy application of phosphoric acid far in excess of the possible requirements of the crop. Take the wheat crop, for example. Professor Massey, on page 127, of his invaluable publication "Crop Growing and Crop Feeding," which should be in every farmer's library, says: "An average good crop of wheat of twenty bushels per acre will remove from the soil in the grain alone—and this is all we need be concerned about, since the straw will go back on the land, 28.32 pounds of nitrogen, 10.68 pounds of phosphoric acid, and 7.32 pounds of potash. It will be seen that the relative importance of these food constituents is pretty much as they stand. But so far as nitrogen is corncerned, we will have enough left over in the organic matter of the

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clover, and the manure applied to the corn crop in a three-year rotation to provide all the nitrogen the wheat will need." He then goes on to say that we must supply phosphoric acid enough to balance this nitrogen, and so far, I agree with him; but now, let us see how much it will take. We find that it will come out as follows: 1100 -h .14 = 79. So, if this acid rock is really an available form of P2 05, seventy-nine pounds of it will produce twenty bushels of wheat per acre, but if, on the contrary the acid rock, after being applied to a soil containing lime, and all productive soils contain some lime, reverts to an Insoluble form by taking up an extra molecule of lime, and becoming a tri- or tetra-calcium instead of a mono- or di-calcium phosphate, why, then we must apply enough to use up all the available lime in the soil, and still have enough over to furnish the seventy-nine pounds for our wheat crop; and, right here is my objection to acid phosphate. If we apply it to soil full of lime it tends to revert and become insoluble; and if we apply it to soil containing little lime, it still seeks this base in the soil, and thereby neutralizes the little alkalinity we have.

On our high, well drained lands, acid phosphate is a help in growing clover, but if we apply it year after year to our low grounds in the Tidewater section we will find that it becomes increasingly difficult to get stands of clover, and that finally it refuses to grow unless the land has an application of lime, and that will not always restore its productiveness. So then, I maintain that if acid phosphate is an available source of phosphoric acid on your soil, you are safe in applying seventy-nine pounds per acre for land that with this help, produces twenty bushels of wheat, and that 158 pounds per acre should grow you forty bushels of wheat, and that in all cases where farmers apply 300 and 400 pounds per acre, they are either furnishing more phosphorous than is needed, or the phosphoric acid they apply is seeking bases in the soil that render it insoluble, in either of which cases they are making a mistake, for in the first instance, they had best work for some other source from which to derive their phosphoric acid; and, in the second, they had best stop applying phosphoric acid as soon as that ceases to be the controlling factor in the production of the crop, and apply a fertilizer so composed as to supply whatever is deficient in the soil. And that is the reason that l have taken the trouble to compile the figures necessary to get at the exact requirements of crop production according to analysis, and that is why I say that here in the Tidewater section farmers are not generally getting enough nitrogen from the growth of legumes to produce the maximum crops, with nothing but acid phosphate and Kainit, for they generally apply enough to grow them over a hundred bushels of grain per acre, were all they apply available, and were that the controlling factor in the production of the crop.

If my readers will take the trouble to vist the Eastern Shore where over two million dollars a year are paid out dn two small counties for the potato crop, and which I regard as by far the most prosperous section of the State, and examine the analysis on the bags of fertilizer at any railroad station, he will find that these people who are practical and successful men are buying nitrogen in large

quantities, that most of the goods are 6-7-5 or 6-7-6 or 7-7-7, and that nobody tries to produce any early potatoes without a fertilizer rich in nitrogen, and that the common demand is for 7 per cent. No man is more interested in scientific agriculture than I am, and no one more thoroughly follows out the growth of legumes between each cereal, nor more painstakingly covers with sfable manure every acre he ever plants in corn, but I am not so immersed in my theory as to be blind to what is practical, and when I see whole communities buying nitrogen to grow crops and making money in the transaction on one side of the bay, while on the other they are buying practically nothing but acid phosphate and kainit, and neither the farms nor farmers are growing much richer, why I conclude that my theories are wrong and I take a lesson from the practical man who is making a success of his business. PERC1VAL HICKS. Mathews Co., Va.

THE PLOW PROBLEM.

In our last issue Mr. E. M. Bailey, ofi Giles county, Va., raised the question as to the best plow to use for doing certain kinds of work. The effect of this has been to bring us letters from a number of subscribers and others on the subject. We herewith present a selection from this correspondence, which we think will be of help in deciding ap to the plow or plows to purchase.

Editor Southern Planter:

I see E. M. Bailey, of Giles county, inquires about the best plow to turn under green crops.

I think all farmers are too backward in giving their neighbors the benefit of any information they may have gained by experimental work or otherwise.

I will give, through your paper, my experience with a disc plow. I have turned under rag weed as high as my horses' backs and not one particle of the weed was to be seen behind the plow. I consider it the best plow that I have ever used in fallowing land. The only objection I have to it is that it pulls a team very hard. I also find that the ground is more easily prepared after a disc plow than any other. One man and three good sized horses will do more and better work -than two ordinary plowmen.

As Mr. Bailey is from the adjoining county to this one, I should think he- could use the disc as well as I do. My land is also very rolling.

I am glad to see the farmers of Virginia taking more interest in better farming. The farmers of tlhis section are just now showing -more interest in better farming than I have ever seen, and have at last gotten together and organized a Farmers' Association of Sonthwest Virginia. J. R. K. B.

Pulaski Co., Va.

We commend J. R. K. B.'s remarks as to the duty of every farmer to help his fellow-farmer by giving his experience and the result of his experiments to the attention of our readers. Let us hear from you so that w« may make The Planter a "clearing house" of practical agricultural information. We are glad to know of the organization of the Southwest Virginia farmers. Every

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

section should follow this example. Organization means mutual help and the greatest good to) the members organized.— Eld.

Editor Southern Planter:

I noticed Mr. Bailey's inquiry for a good plow to plow down green crops.

I will give you my experience with the disc plow. It is the plow of all plows for sod land, plowing down pea vines, weeds, corn stalks, broom straw, wire grass, or anything else with ease to the man, or it can be done by a twelve-year-old boy or girl with ease and pleasure. You do not need to roll down anything ahead of it, as the disc plow will do all of that and do it better than anything else. You must not hook a pair of donkeys or goats to it and expect to do good work. It needs a pair of good mules or horses, or three of them, if you want to plow deep and do good work and not strain the horses too much. You can regulate (the disc to plow a furrow any width or any depth from one inch to twelve inches.

I was plowing a piece of sod land near the roaJd sometime ago and one of my neighbors came along and stopped me for a talk. I got off my plow and started the mules on. They went to the other end of the land, which was about two hundred yards, and there a man at work turned them in on the other side and started them, and they came back and did as good work as if I had been with them.

The disc plow is the best plow I ever saw to plow new land that is covered with weeds and brush, but it will take a young and active man to do that work, as the disc will throw you' as quick as a young mule when it strikes a stump or a root it cannot cut, though I have seen it cut a pine knot three inches through easier than any man could with a sharp axe.

I notice Mr. Bailey said his land was hilly. I think if he will get the Chattanooga Reversible Disc he will do the work to perfection, and he will say as I do, it is the plow of all plows. W. H. WILSON.

Norfolk Co., Va.

Editor Southern Planter:

In reply to your inquirer, Mr. E. M. Bailey, I will say that I have u-«d one of the Chattanooga Plow Company's disc plows and have found it good for turning under any kind of standing weeds or crop, also, for plowing hard ground. However, if a crop is lodged and matted on the land, this plow will not stay in the ground.

I have used for one season Clark's Cutaway Harrow (double action) shown at top of page 1039 November Planter, and found the device most excellent, but the tool itself of too light construction for use in this section.

Were I to buy another disc plow it would be Clark's Reversible Cutaway, as I am satisfied that the cutaway plow would work as much better than the solid disc plow as the cutaway harrow excells my old style disc harrow.

Tensas Co., La. W. C. VAIL.

Editor Southern Planter:

We notice in the current issue of the Southern Planter an article by one of your subscribers telling his troubles in not being able to cover satisfactorily a rank growth

of crimson clover or cowpeas with the ordinary hand plow. Inasmuch as he mentions a Syracuse plow as well as an Oliver as failing to do the work, we feel at liberty to make reply to his article through you.

Before going into the matter in detail, we would say that we have at the present time an expert in the State of Virginia who is on his way still further South. If we can get hold of him in time to have him visit Mr. E. M. Bailey, of Giles county, we believe he can give him considerable information and assistance. If you will kin/dly furnish us Mr. Bailey's address, we will take steps immediately to have our expert call. Whether or not it results in any business to us, the principle thing is to straighten out the difficulty at that particular point. It is simply along the line we are pursuing of educating farmers whenever the opportunity arises. (We sent Mr. Bailey's address, as requested.—Ed.)

Going back to the subject, we would state that the greatest handicap to jgood work in the Southern States to-day is the almost universal use of small plows, which are incapable of properly covering the trash where it is very rank. The reason for this is apparent. The more abundant the growth to be covered, the more soil there should be to do it, the width of the furrow being very important. Where there is no attempt to plow wider thau eight or nine inches and four or five inches deep, there is not enough soil turned over to cover. With similar difficulties in the North and West to contend with, the trouble is easily overcome by using a plow of sufficient capacity.

Our first and most important recommendation to the Southern farmers is that they use plows of greater capacity. Our second recommendation, which is nearly as important, is that they familiarize themselves with the use of a jointer. This attachment is entirely unknown to probably three-quarters of the Southern farmers, and of the remaining quarter, more than half cannot be made to believe in it. We have seen a plow of proper capacity even used in a field with a very rank growth of weeds without a jointer, which left a fringe of weeds between every furrow, and by the addition of merely a jointer working at the proper depth, every particle of trash was turned under. We do not say that simply a jointer will overcome Mr. Bailey's troubles, but we believe it will be a very great assistance to him in connection with the use of a plow of more capacity. We believe that you can render very valuable assistance to Southern farmers by advocating the use of a jointer at all times.

If Mr. Bailey has no objection to the expense, and is willing to purchase a Sulky plow, we could guarantee to send him one that would do the work desired in a satisfactory manner.

We ourselves make as good a disc sulky plow as there is on the market, but we would not recommend it for the work mentioned. A disc plow can only be satisfactory, in the first place, in ground entirely free from stones of any size. The second condition is that the ground be very hard or be loose and inclined to be sandy. If there is any sod, or the top soil is held together by tenacious roots or weeds, the work done by a disc plow will be entirely unsatisfactory. To sum up, the disc plow, to do nice work, requires

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either unusually hard and dry ground, or loose ground, and in either case free from stones and 1 without a sod covering. The reason that a disc plow will not do nice work in sod ground is that the furrow is cut entirely free, and the rotary motion of the disc gives it an irregular fling. Sometimes the furrow will land in its proper ■place, but more often it is flung way over on to the unplowed ground, or back on the top of previous furrow. The work of after cultivation when a disc plow is used will be considerable.

The Syracuse Plow Co. Editor Southern Planter:

I have just read Mr. E. M. Bailey's desire for information as to a good 'plow to plow under green crops. I'll give him my experience, and I think it worth attention. I use a No. 463 steel beam Syracuse plow, with a B. F. Avery's moon rolling coulter and a chain sufficient long for the work I want done. I use No. 463, the next heavier is better, but 463 is heavy enough for ordinary sized horses for steady plowing. Now, with my outfit, I fear nothing in the shape of pea vines, clover or weeds, no matter how matted, tangled or high, and I'll not choke up once in five hundred yards. I can turn under weeds as high as my horses' backs> but I want the coulter and chain adjusted right. When I get through plowing you cannot tell what was there. Corn stalks go under, too, and you never see or hear from them again. The trouble Mr. Bailey is having will make a man say [anything but his prayers, and, to keep in good trim, he would have to go to a revival every ten days. I care no more for pea vines, clover, etc., than I used to for hen weed grass. I wish he could see a field I plowed this year, the first time in seven years (before I came here). The broom sedge was waist high and pines knee high. When I was through harrowing the field looked like it had been prepared for grass. I put this land in peas with acid phosphate, and the crop you ought to see. The moon coulter can be bought in Richmond. L. H. CARLTON. King and Queen Co., Va.

pay shares or money rent, if the landlord is furnishing all supplies.

With few exceptions, they do not receive from their tenants as much as they advance. Our most prosperous land owners in this country are those who own small farms and do not furnish homes and employment to negroes. On the other hand, our large land owners, who furnish homes and employment to those without are doing so, in a majority of cases, at a financial loss by allowing their tenants to get into slack business methods.

We all know that as a race the negro is the best collector on earth and they must be taught to pay their debts and conform to a contract or else the whites must enter into no contracts with them and seek other farm laborers. In our business relations we very properly draw no distinction as to color, and the man who complies with his obligations is respected.and can at all times find a friend to aid him in time of need. It would be an incentive to the irresponsible, don't care kind of a person to know that he can only expect to receive a just compensation for his honest efforts. Our land owners must apply better business methods to their laborers or be not surprised when the tax collector advertises their land. Far better raise trees on your land than tenants at a loss. In my next I will endeavor to give some of the remedies for some of our ills. FARMER,

Southampton Co., "Va,

FARM LABOR IN EASTERN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

It has been said that "the negro farm laborer does not strike for higher wages as imported white laborers would be liable to do." Now, we land owners of Southampton county know from experience that as individuals they make bargains and enter into contracts and yet quit work at will without provocation. Often it is that after having "wintered" upon our farms, when balmy spring weather appears, they disregard their contracts and leave for the'mills, factories and railways. We also know that

KAFFIR CORN GROWING IN THE SOUTH. Editor Southern Planter:

I desire to get in touch with men in Virginia "and Maryland, or even in States farther South, who are extensive growers of kaffir corn varieties, commonly called kaffir corn. There is a possibility of developing a considerable market for these goods in the Eastern United States. I am not yet entirely certain that they will be profitable seed crops in this section, but wish to secure the experience of men who have had them under cultivation for several years. There is already a demand for the goods, which at present is supplied with seed shipped from the States of the plains region. I would be very glad to have you bring this matter to the attention of your readers. CARLETON R. BALL,

Dept. of Agriculture, Agronomist in Charge of

Washington, D. C. Sorghum Investigations.

Carrots, turnips, parsnips, and cabbage are not injured by freezing, but are improved in flavor if allowed to freeze slightly. No house or other covering is required except that they be buried in a pit where the earth can come in direct contact with them. A heavy covering of earth is not essential, as freezing and thawing will not injure these vegetables provided they are in contact with the earth the more wages they get the more bad corn whiskey I when thawing. It is much easier to get at the vegetable they are going to drink and the fewer days they are (if the ground is not frozen hard; a covering of straw over

going to work. Often is it the case that our land owners will advance from two to three hundred dollars per year to a ten dollar per month man and receive back only from one to two hundred dollars for the same. The term "tenant" implies that they are working another's land, and the difference in results is small, whether they

the earth mound will guard against this.

For cabbages, dig long ditches wide enough to take two rows of heads, or wider still where there is a large quantity to store. Pull up the heads and pile in the ditch with the stalks up. Cover with earth and round off the top of the mound.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

[ December,

Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

"TRUCK GROWERS MEETING AND THE VIRGINIA TRUCK EXPERIMENT STATION.

Editor Southern Planter:

The annual meeting of the Southern Produce Company, an association of some 350 truck growers, was held in the Eagle's- Hall, Norfolk, Va., October 28, 190'8. The regular order of business was dispensed with in order to, listen to addresses by Prof. Corbett, of the United States Department of Agriculture; Mr. G. W. Koiner, Commissioner of Agriculture of the State of Virginia, and Prof. T. C. Johnson, Superintendent of the Virginia Truck Experiment Station.

Prof. Corbett discussed the importance of proper seed selection, and of co-operative methods in selling truck products. He cited numerous illustrations showing the very great importance of growing plants from seed true to name, and of the proper strain. The importance of strains adapted to local conditions was very strongly emphasized. The fact that a given variety of potatoes thus used is more productive in Maine than are others; or that certain strains of cabbage have advantages when grown in New York or Wisconsin, or that the Rocky Ford cantaloupe is well adapted to the high altitude and dry atmosphere of the Rocky Mountain Region, or that certain varieties of tomatoes lead in the market gardens around Chicago is no indication whatever they will all reach an equally high state of perfection when grown under local soil and climatic conditions. The very fact that these plants lead in their respective localities is a strong indication that they are not best suited for this region. It was also pointed out that market gardeners and truck growers often lose a large per cent, of their crops because the seeds they planted are of inferior variety, or are not true to name. A truck grower cannot afford to assume the risk of planting inferior seed when he expects to spend from $100.00 to $200.00 per acre in growing and marketing the crop. The speaker urged the importance and advisability of the Association growing at least a large portion of the seeds used in this vicinity. This could be accomplished by having some of the seeds grown locally, and the others produced under contract in localities where the seed reaches its highest state of perfection either at home or abroad.

Co-operative selling was also emphasized. There is scarcely any other line of business in which men will invest all their capital and labor to produce a marketable commodity, and then consign this commodity to a non-interested party in a distant part of the country, and ask him to sell it, and return to the producer what he pleased. In other words, men engaged in practically all other lines of production insist on watching closely the sale of the product as well as the production. It was suggested that the Produce Association take up this phase of truck work as a special feature.

Commissioner Koiner, in his remarks, gave special emphasis to the methods practiced by the French market growers in selling their products in English and other

markets. It is the custom of the produce growers to send a committee to Liverpool, London, and other large centers to watch the selling of their products. If the consignment of goods reaches a commission merchant in a damaged or unsalable condition, the committee and the commission merchant, together, determine what shall be done with the damaged articles, thus the growers as well as the commission men are represented in the deal. The advisability of the produce growers inaugurating some such scheme was strongly urged.

Processor Johnson confined his remarks to the work of the Virginia Truck Experiment Station, and extended an invitation to the members of the Association to visit the station in a body. He pointed out the work of the station in controlling insects and fungous diseases, show-nig two instances where the values of crops had been doubled by proper applications of fungicides. The importance of crop rotation, fertilizers and forage crops was also emphasized. At the close of these remarks the Association adjourned to the Monticello Hotel, where a bountiful six-course dinner was enjoyed by 150 members.

At the close of dinner the members of the Association took the trolley car to the Experiment Station. Representatives of the station met the party at the trolley, and escorted them over the farm. The barn, packing sheds and implement room were the first places of interest inspected.

The party was conducted over the grounds and through the buildings in order to get a somewhat general idea of the nature and scope of the station work. Then the several points of interest were taken up more in detail. The sweet potato work was both interesting and instructive. The station has growing a collection of about ninety different varieties: practically all the known American varieties of any importance, together with many of the sorts grown in foreign countries. Specimens of nearly a!l of the varieties were arranged in several closely related groups thus greatly facilitating intelligent examination. Both the good and bad points of the leading varieties were discussed. Some of the heaviest yields Were poor in cooking qualities, while others were lower in yield, but better for table use. Here were shown potatoes varying in color from almost white to deep purple and red. One or two varieties of varying sizes, shapes and colors were certainly interesting to all sweet potato growers.

The work on Irish potatoes was even more interesting in some respects than that on the sweet potatoes, sixty-three of the leading varieties having been under close study during the season. Seed for the first crop was planted in the early spring and the mature tubers harvested the first week in July. From these tubers a second planting was made in order to determine the adaptability of the different varieties for second crop work in this locality. Some three or four* varieties showed a stand of from ninety-five to ninety-eight per cent., while others fell as low as three or four per cent. It was thus shown

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1065

plainly that many of the popular varieties are not adapted to second crop work, while others are.

The station has inaugurated a series of fertilizer tests that are of extreme interest to the trackers. In planning this work an attempt was made to use practically all the fertilizer ingredients known in the trucking sec tion. For instance it is desirable to know whether nit-rogen in the form of sulphate of ammonia, nitrate of soda, dried blood, or Peruvian guano is. preferable for certain truck crops, and also what amount of the different fertilizers may be used economically. The results of this work are interesting and instructive. It shows that much is yet to be learned in the practical application of fertilizers to truck crops, some combinations now in use being of very little value, while others are exceedingly profitable.

A number of forage crops consisting of combinations of sorghum, Kaffir corn, cowpeas, soy beans, millet. Newman beans, and several other leguminous and non-leguminous plants were grown as catch crops to be sown after winter cabbage is harvested. The tests show that certain combinations of cow peas and mixed sorghum yielded as high as 10,700 pounds of cured forage per acre, while other combinations in which millet was substituted for the sorghum yielding as low as 2,400 pounds per acre. This forage crop work has proven exceedingly interesting especially to the dairyman.

A high pressure spray pump, specially fitted for truck crop work was exhibited. This machine is arranged to spray four rows at once. ' The nozzles being so placed that the liquid strikes the plants from the side, thus wetting both the top and the bottom of the leaves. By use of this arrangement the station has almost completely cleaned large cabbage plants of aphides and other injects. In order to accomplish this, however, the liquid was applied under a pressure of ninety to 100 pounds.

The members of the party were very well pleased with the work accomplished by the station in the first year of its existence, and expressed high hopes of its future usefulness. These visits which bring the station and the farmer into close relationship are always desirable. Personal touch counts for a great deal in advancing agricultural work of any kind. "Visitors Welcome" is one of the fundamental principles of the management of the station.

A MEMBER.

ANNUAL MEETING CF VIRGINIA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Editor Southern Planter:

The annual meeting of this Society will be held in the Y. M. C. A. Hall, and the fruit exhibit in the Masonic Temple, Lynchburg, on January 6th, 7th and 8th, next. The scope of the Society's work having been so much extended this year necessitates a three-days' meeting instead of only two, as in previous years. The three principle subjects for discussion are (1) Fruit Packing, reports of experience of the first year's working of the two Packers' Associations, and plans for the future working on these lines. This guarantee of packing up to grade marked is the very best means of increasing the demand for our

apples, and giving confidence to the buyers. The Society is fortunate in having secured the attendance of Hon. A. MioNeill, Chief of the Division of Fruit under the Canadian Government, who will give the experience of Canada on these lines, where it has been in practice for some time. (2) Adjustment of Express Rates, also a matter of vital •importance to our fruit growers. (3) The Future Policy of the Society, with regard to its more extended scope of work. In addition, we are going to have as one ot the features of the meeting an afternoon devoted to a Field Demonstration of Spraying in the city park, with explanations by competent demonstrators. Manufacturers of sipraying outfits are invited to show the workings of their machines, both hand and power. Three stereopticon lectures will be given, one at each night session. One of these will be on the best shade trees for street planting, at the request of the Civic League. Another will- be a comparison of conditions existing in Pacific Coast orchards as compared with Virginia, with samples of the Pacific Coast apples and their manner of packing, to compare with Virginia apples. Addresses will be made on various'topics of horticultural interest by Hon. A. McNeill, Ottawa, Canada; Dr. M. B. Waite, United States Department of Agriculture; Hon. G. W. Koiner, Commissioner of Agriculture, Virginia; Dr. S. W. Fletcher, Director; Prof. H. L. Price, Dean, and Prof. J. L. Phillips, all of Blacksburg; Prof. H. E. Van Deman, the well-known horticultural expert; Hon. Henry C. Stuart, S. B. Woods, Dr. Emerson, Mr. W. W. Siproul, H. C. Wysor, and others, ot Virginia; Mr. Wesley Webb, the well-known Secretary of the Peninsula Horticultural Society of Delaware, and possibly- Colonel Brackett, of the United States Department of Agricultural, Washington, and Dr. S. A. Robinson and Prof. Alwood, of Albemarle Co., Va.

That the Virginia fruit exhibited by the Society at the State Fairs in North and South Carolina was admired, the subjoined letter shows. The Society was most fortunate in the selection of their representative. Mr. H. C. Wysor, of Pulaski county, who installed the exhibit at the various Fairs, and lost no opportunity of praising his native State, a fine type of the Virginia gentleman, a practical apple grower, and possessing tact and humor, no man better fitted to fill the position could have been selected. A good premium list has been issued for the fruit exhibit to be held in conjunction with the annual meeting. Arrangements have been made with Prof. H. E. Van Deman to act as" judge of awards, a position he ably filled at the recent State Fair in Richmond. Admission to all sessions (except that set apart for executive business) will be free to the public, who are cordially invited to attend. Special arrangements have been made for members of the Society at the leading hotels, and the Lynchburg Traction Co. will transfer the members to and from the City Park for the Field Demonstration free of charge. A strong local committee headed by Hon. George E. Murrell, President of the Society, will look after the entertainment of the visiting members.

Crozet, Albemarle Co., Va, WALTER WHATELY,

Secy. & Treas. State Horticultural Society. November 16, 1908.

The following letter, received by Mr. Walter Whately,

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

of Crozet, speaks for itself. Several Albemarle county growers were represented by exhibits in this collection: N. C. State Fair, West Raleigh, N. C, Oct., 1908. Mr. Walter Whately, Secy.,

Va. State Horticultural Society, Crozet, Va.

Dear Sir:—The Virginia fruit exhibit at our State Pair is indeed a very creditable one. 1 am very glad that you had this fruit sent down here, as it is helping out our exhibit wonderfully, and it is also an eye opener to many of our North Carolina farmers, showing them that excellent fruit can be grown in the mountains of the South.

I hope that you will continue to make an exhibit here in future years. We shall do everything to help you in

the matter and in the way of making arrangements, placing fruit and showing it to the best aJdlvantage.

This year we were hardly prepared for the exhibit, as I did not know what was coming until recently. Next year we shall have far more room and far better facilities for such an exhibit, and we would be glad indeed to see an exhibit from you again.

I was very glad to meet Mr. Wysor, who is looking after your exhibit in fine shape. With best wishes, I am,

Yours truly, F. C. REINER,

Director Horticultural Exhibits of State Fair. This is indeed encouragement.—Ed.

HOME-MADE SOLUBLE OILS FOR USE AGAINST SAN JOSE SCALE.

Editor Southern Planter:

The lime-sulphur preparation has many advantages over the prepared oils, by no means the least being its cheapness, the cost being about one-third. It also has the advantage in that it controls peach leaf curl, if applied before the touds swell in the spring,' and helps in a general way to clean up and improve the condition of the trees. It has yet to be proved that the oils do not act in the opposite way, and that repeated applications of oil would not he a serious detriment to the trees.

Lime-sulphur Ts a little more trouble to prepare. If it is to be used in large quantity, a steam outfit may be desirable, though the method of cooking in kettles over an arch is very satisfactory. Both should, of course, be applied thoroughly, so as to coat every part of the tree. The accompanying cut shows an orchard well sprayed with lime-sulphur.

If a long hose and rod are used in applying lime-sulphur, and care is taken in making the application, it is not necessarily such a disagreeable material to handle.

A method of preparing oils at home is now coming into use, the product being known as the Home-Made Soluble Oils. These oils were tested by us last spring and proved to be just about as effective as the prepared oils and the cost is about one-third. We tested three formulae that differ in the kinds of oil to be made soluble each being about equally effective if the same per cent, of oil is used. There is a slight difference in favor of formula No. Ill, in which paraffine oil is used, but the cost is also a little greater.

Orchard tests of these oils prepared by formula No. Ill were made by W. J. Price, of this office, March 4, 1908, in the apple orchards of Melvin Green, located near Winchester, Va. Two plots, each containing fifty six-year trees, were sprayed with this material at the rate of one part to twelve parts of water and one to fourteen parts of water, respectively.

No injury was observed to any of the trees. Examinations August 30, 1908, indicated that 99 1-5 per cent, of the insects (San Jose scale) had been killed where the appli-

cation was made at a strength of one to twelve of water. The results were not quite as good where it was used at one to fourteen, except on a tree where the application wad very thorough.

( Mr. Green used about four thousand gallons of this emulsion, diluted one to fourteen, the past spring, with fairly satisfactory results, but we cannot recommend its use weaker than one part to twelve parts of water.

The method of preparation is a little more complicated than lime-sulphur, because of the fact that more materials enter into its composition, but the operation is not difficult. There are three distinct processes in making this spray material:

First, making the soap solution.

Second, adding the required amount of oils and water to make the soluble oil.

Third, diluting the soluble oil with water to make the emulsion ready for applying to the trees.

No heat is needed except in making the soap solution, and in this the material is easier to handle than lime-■siflphur, but it is easier to make up a small lot of lime-sulphur than of the oil. If some one will prepare the material for the entire neighborhood it can be used very

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1067

nicely on small orchards, as it will keep almost indefinitely.

It does not seem necessary to go into methods of preparation, since the report on this work is now in press, and can be obtained in a short time by addressing the State Entomologist, Blacksburg, Va.

Trees infesteld! with San Jose scale should be sprayed each year during the dormant season. It is best to apply the spray in the fall, since the weather is usually more favorable at that time, and one is not so rushed with other work. J. L. PHILLIPS,

Blacksburg, Va. State Entomologist.

MARKET GARDENERS ORGANIZE.

Editor Southern Planter:

On the 30th of October, from one hundred and fifty to two hundred earnest men met in the city of Cleveland, Ohio, for the purpose of organizing a national association that will take to all the truckers, station investigators in horticulture and editors of journals engaged in the promotion of horticultural work.

There were representative gardeners from Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois and Michigan, and the result was the organization of the "Association of Greenhouse Vegetable Growers and Market Gardeners of America," an ambitious title, and one which, it is hoped, will expand to gather in all the men North and South who are engaged in market gardening either out doors or under glass. As representing the South, I felt that I was going into the "enemies country," but the men gathered there from the North gave earnest attention to what I had to say about the advantages of the South.

The first morning session was spent in an interchange of views and the appointment of a committee on Constitution to report the following day. In the afternoon, under the guidance of one of the larger growers there, Mr. Reutneke, we all went in wagons and motor cars out into the market garden suburbs of Cleveland and examined place after place. We found growers there with acres under glass and all devoted to the growing of the Grand Rapids lettuce, and I saw at once there was here no competition with our North Carolina lettuce growers, for they could not sell that sort of lettuce in the Eastern markets if they grew it, for the markets of New York and Philadelphia demand a heading lettuce, while the Western cities take the loose, curly Grand Rapids. In this I think they are right, for I grow it for my own use and prefer it to the head lettuce, for when slightly crowded the leaves blanch finely and are far more tender than those of the head lettuce. But in growing for market the gardener must grow what his market wants,, and the Eastern markets want head lettuce, and the grower cannot afford to do missionary work and teach them better.

But seeing acre after acre of lettuce in these greenhouses, and hearing that at Ashtabula the culture was much larger, one wonders who will eat all the lettuce. I saw them cutting for market Grand Rapids lettuce from their greenhouses no larger than I have at home out doors, and I realized the advantage of a little more sunshine. In fact, it seemed to rnie at Cleveland, and it has seemed before at Chicago, that up there on the Lakes they do

not know what sunshine is in late fall and winter. Looking out over the lake one does not see the sharp skyline we see on the Eastern seaside, but water anli 1 sky seem to .mingle into a smoky haze.

If they can make money growing vegetables under glass in that murky winter climate, what could the growers i.i the upper South do with greenhouses in their abounding sunshine! Some day the truckers of Southeast Virginia and North Carolina will understand the advantage they have, and then there will be a real competition in winter products, with the advantage in favor of the Southern men. The organization of the Association was E. A. Dunbar, of Ohio, President; S. J. Perry, of Michigan, Vice-President; S. W. Severance, of Kentucky, Secretary; S. B. Chester, of Ohio, Treasurer. Various directors were also chosen as an Executive Board, and a Vice-Fresident for each State. The Market Growers Journal of Louisville, Ky'., was chosen as the organ of the Association. As a member of the Executive Board and Vice-President for Maryland, I hope to get our truckers to take an interest in the new Association and add to it members from the trucking sections of the South. W. F. MASSEY.

THE CURING AND THE MARKETING OF TOBACCO IN THE NORTHERN NECK OF VIRGINIA IN 1796. Editor Southern Planter:

Isaac Weld, an Englishman, an exceptionally well informed and accurate observer, who made a tour of this country in 1795, 179G, and 1797, published at London in 1800 two volumes of American Notes. He was in the Northern Neck of Virginia the spring of 1796 and writes as follows of the method of handling tobacco there:

"When arrived at maturity which is generally about the month of August, the plants are cut down, pegs are driven into the stems, and they are hung up in large houses, built for the purpose, to dry. If the weather is not favorable for drying the leaves, fires are then lighted, and the smoke is suffered to circulate between the plants; this is also sometimes done to give the leaves a browner color than what they have naturally. After this they are tied up in bunches of six or seven leaves each, and thrown in heaps to sweat; then they are again dried. When suffi- . ciently cured, the bundles are packed, by means of presses, in hogsheads capable of containing eight hundred or one thousand pounds weight. The planters send the tobacco thus packed to the nearest shipping town, where before exportation, it is examined by an inspector appointed for the purpose, who gives a certificate to' warrant the shipping of it, if it is sound and merchantable, if not, he sends it back to the owner. The inspectors are all sworn, are paid by the State, and are not suffered to take any fees from any individual. Skilful merchants can accurately tell the quality of the tobacco from knowing the warehouse at which it has been inspected.

Where the roads are good and dry, tobacco is sent to the warehouses in a singular manner. Two large pins of wood are driven into either end of the hogshead, by way of axies; a pair of shafts, made for the purpose, are attached to these, and the hogshead is thus drawn along by one or two horses; when this is done great care is I taken to have the hoops very strong.

Prince Edward County, Va. ALFRED J. MORRISON.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

Live Stock and Dairy.

MAKING CHEAP PORK WITH GRAZING CROPS.

(Continued from November issue.) Editor Southern Planter: A Review of the Experimental Data on Hog Grazing.

A review of some of the more important investigations with regard to pasturing hogs will not be out of place, though, strange to say, this important subject has not received the attention which it merits. In certain experiments ma'de by the writer the yield of pork per acre from various crops was as follows With winter oats sown early the previous fall, 643 pounds; with Whip-poorwill cowpeas, 562 pounds; with sorghum, 400 pounds, and with soy beans, 600 pounds. The hogs were con-<fined on grazing crops from June 2d to November 8th—a period of 150 days. During that time they received corn and wheat meal at the rate of one pound per day and the gain was .5 to .8 of a pounldi per head per day. In Utah where hogs were fed on a grain ration they gained .94 of a pound per head per day; when receiving grain on a grass paddock they gained 1.21 pounds per head per day, showing conclusively the value of succulent food for fattening animals.

Grain, Grass and Alfa'fa.

In Nebraska hogs were grazed on alfalfa, one lot receiving ground corn and another lot ground wheat. Those receiving corn made a gain of 1.22, and those receiving ground wheat, 1.30 pounds, showing that either one of these concentrates makes' a fine adjunct for hogs on grazing crops. Several experiments were made to determine whether an alfalfa pasture would maintain pigs without grain or milk. In some instances there was a slight gain, and in some a slight loss,, the experiments indicating, as a whole, that hogs would just about hold their own on alfalfa.

GRAIN, GRASS AND ALFALFA.

made a gain of .88 of a pound per head per day, which it is plain to see, would effect a considerable saving in the grain where a large number of hogs are handled.

STATION.

♦But little more than maintained

Rape and Adjuncts. In certain experiments made at the Virginia Station a year ago, it appeared that rape in a luxuriant condition was a maintenance ration for brood sows. At the Ala bama Station, where rape and corn-meal were fed, th? gain per head per day amounted to .56 of a pound, showing that cheap gains can be made from this com bination. In Wisconsin rape was fed with two parts of corn and one part of middlings, and a gain of 1.07 pounds made. Where the hogs were grazed on clover with the same grain ration a gain of one pound per head per day was made. At the same station hogs fed grain and middlings malde a gain of .71 of a pound per head per day. Another lot similarly fed, but allowed to graze on rape.

Rations Fed.

Average Dai.y Gain

Food eaten

Per 100 los.

gain.

Virginia Rape*

Alabama i urn Meal and Rape.

Wisconsin Corn 2. -Middlings 1, Rape

Wis-cunsin. V\ isconsin W iSLOi-sin.

Corn 2 Middlings 1 Clover

Ci rn Meal & Middlirgs equal pt-Corn Meal, Middlings and Rape..

.56 1.07

1 00 .71 .88

290 362 390 437 420

*Rut litt:e more ttjan maim aired.

Peanuts and Chufas.

At the Arkansas Station peanuts were grazed, and the daily gain was .57 of a pound on an estimated yield of ninety bushels per acre; on chufas the gain was .35 of a pound on an estimated yield of 184 bushels per acre; on corn, .81 of a pound. According to these figures an acre of peanuts would make 1,252 pound's of pork; an acre of chufas, 592 pounds; and an acre of corn, 436 pounds. At the Alabama Station peanuts with a half grain ration gave a daily gain of .50 pound per head per day; peanuts alone, .41 of a pound; chufas and a half grain ration, 1.46 pounds; and grain alone, 1.36 pound. •

These figures all tend to show the importance of grazing crops, and the fact that they can be made to take the cured nuts can afford to utilize them for the pur-proper to say that the Arkansas figures on peanuts seem remarkably high, for an acre of alfalfa under most favorable conditions is only credited with producing 1,000 pounds of pork in the course of a year. Peanuts and chufas do not make a satisfactory quality of pork, but when a limited amount of corn or other flesh hardening grain is fed daily, a fine firm quality of pork is obtained at a low cost. Better results will follow where high grade animals are used. In the peanut region ft is doubtful if the farmer who can obtain seventy-five to 100 bushels per acre, and from two to four cents per pound for the cured nuts c an afford to utilize them for the purpose of grazing hogs, even where he is curing fancy hams, but soy beans and cowpeas make excellent substitutes, and, of course, the hogs will gain a good deal' on the nuts which are overlooked by the harvest hands.

STATION.

Rations Fed.

Sorghum and Miscellaneous Crops. Sorghum is probably a much over-estimated food for

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1069

grazing hogs, and, in the writer's judgment, cannot be utilized to much aid-vantage, and is not to be compared •to some other crops which might be grown with profit in its olace.

The feeding value of corn when combined with cow-peas was brought out nicely in an experiment made in Alabama, where the grain alone made a daily gain of .36 of a pound; whereas, hogs on corn and cowpeas pasture gained .97 of a pound per head per day, or more than twice as much as on the corn alone. Thus, a good cow pea pasture would more than replace half the grain ordinarily fed.

Pumpkins and apples have not a very high feeding value for hogs, though the pumpkins are worth considerably more than the apples. As by-products going to waste on the farm they could be used to advantage, but they will not add much to the body weight of the animals consuming them unless fed with a rich grain ration.

There is often much inquiry as to the feeding value of various forms of roots, particularly sugar beets. These do not seem to be worth much as food for hogs. For Instance, at the Montana Station, where grain alone was fed, the gain was 1.20 pounds; with grain and roots, 1.26 pounds. In comparative trials to test the value of turnips, mangels, forage beets, etc., the gain in every instance was unider one pound. Like pumpkins and apples, roots may be occasionally utilized, but as a daily diet for hogs they do not possess a high feeding value, and their place could be taken to advantage by some other foodstuff.

Sweet and Irish Potatoes. Irish potatoes are sometimes utilized as food for hogs. When fed raw they are practically worthless; when cooked they make but little gain. Sweet potatoes are often recommended as a food for hogs, but in experiments made in various States, they have not sustained the claims sometimes made for them by farmers. The only favorable report on their use is from South Carolina, where it was estimated that 200 bushels of sweet potatoes would produce about 370' pounds of pork. In nearly all other instances the gain from their use was slight. It is quite clear that sweet potatoes will not prove profitable as a grazing crop for hogs, and should not be utilized.

Artichokes for the Winter.

While artichokes are generally recommended as a food for hogs, comparatively little work has been done along

this line. In tests made in Oregon it appears that artichokes would not maintain hogs alone, but where a small amount of shorts or corn meal was fed, a, fair gain might be expected. In other words, artichokes and 3.1 pounds of grain made a pound of gain where five pounds of grain would ordinarily be required. In experiments made in Canada, it was found that an acre of artichokes, when fed in conjunction with corn meal, barley, etc., would yield pork worth about $140.00 per acre. In experiments malde at the Missouri Station, one bushel of artichokes and three bushels of corn were found to be equal in feeding value to four bushels of corn, and as artichokes will yield anywhere from 400' to 800 bushels per acre, it is quite clear that this crop can be utilized to great advantage for the winter grazing of these animals.

STATION.

Oregon ! Artichokes and Shorts .81

Canada Aitiehokes, Corn meal and mixed grain. 1.57

309 96

Dry Roughness in Winter Feeding.

The question is often asked to what extent dry roughness in the form of protein hays may be fed to hogs. The answer is only in very moderate amounts. In experiments made by the writer, an attempt was made to use silage and chopped pea hay. The results were negative. In elaborate experiments made to test the value of alfalfa hay, it was found that only about one pound of hay would be consumed for from eight to ten pounds of grain to advantage. Where hogs are confined on a single grain ration of a fattening and enervating nature like corn, a little finely chopped, or ground, hay will often prove palatable and acceptable, and will minimize the cost of the ration to some extent. Whenever animals can be induced to eat a moderate amount of roughness, it will be an advantage, but a large amount cannot be fed with success, for the animals will not consume it.

The foregoing presents a brief summary of the more important facts obtained with reference to the feeding anld grazing of hogs, and shows to the mind of the writer that where intelligence and care are exercised, grain may be made to go at least twice or three times as far as it ordinarily does; that after all, there are only a comparatively few crops well suited for grazing by hogs, and these can be almost universally cultivated with success and with the greatest ease on the part of tne farmer. It is quite clear that with a rational system of hog pastures, that twice or three times as many animals could be maintained on the corn and grain raised as at the present time; and, of course, there are unlimited opportunities for extending the cultivation of corn and other important cereals. It is also well established that pork of

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

the highest quality can be made on these grazing crops, and that dairy by-products are not essential in hog raising.

Cotton Seed Meal and Firm Bacon.

There are some other matters of more than passing importance to hog raisers. The large amount of cotton seed meal made in the South has led to many attempts to feed it to hogs. Practically all of these investigations have been negative in their results. As much as one-fifth or one-tenth of the total meal ration may consist of cotton seed meal, but the amount indicated is so small as to have no appreciable effect on the cost of the ration. Furthermore, there is apparent danger of causing death from feeding cotton seed meal to hogs under the most approved methods, though it seems that the small amounts mentioned above may. be fed for indefinite periods to animals on grazing crops. Other foodstuffs can be used to balance up the ration of corn with perfect safety, and the cotton seed meal can be fed to such advantage to horses, mules, cattle and sheep that it is not necessary to incur any risk by feeding it to hogs. Cotton seed meal has one advantage which should not be overlooked, in that it seems to produce a harder, firmer bacon, which is a very important matter, as some other crops which are utilized largely for grazing, notably peanuts, make soft pork. Corn, as a rule, has been used to harden up the flesh, and has seemed to be very satisfactory up to the present time. In Canada, where export bacon of a high quality is made for the English market, barley has been used for the hardening process to great advantage, and as barley can be grown as a winter crop with success in the South, its cultivation might be properly extended, and in the course of time it should become an important adjunct in feeding.

Winter Maintenance and Finishing.

In conclusion, it will be proper to call attention to some investigations made to ascertain the cost of fattening hogs during the winter, for it will sometimes happen that they cannot be finished on grazing crops alone. As a rule, an attempt is made to fatten them on corn meal straight. This, as the following results will show, is a mistake. Five lots of hogs were fed as follows two winters ago, at the Virginia Station: Lot 1 receiving corn meal and water, gained .24 of a pound! per head per day; lot 2, corn meal, two parts, and middlings, one part, gained .67 of a pound; lot 3, corn meal, one part, and middlings, two parts, gained .86 of a pound; lot 4, corn meal, one part, and middlings, one part, gained 1.35 pounds; lot 5, shelled corn, one part, and mildkllings, one part, gained 1.26 pounds. From these results it is clearly evident that corn meal by itself is not a good fattening feed for hogs, much less satisfactory as a maintenance ration; but that when combined with middlings excellent results will be obtained, and it is economy to make the combination suggested.

Corn and Dairy By-Products. In the following table is given a summary of some in-

vestigations covering the value of corn and skim milk for fattening swine:

RATION.

« o. bo

Corn meal and water ' 4.6

Corn meal, Skim milk I 2.1

Corn meal. Skim milk, chopjedpea

hay I 2.9

7.16

9.47

3.50

It appears from these results that the most profitable ration was one of skim milk and corn meal. The attempt to feed pea hay with skim milk and corn meal was not a success. Notice that groups two and three made over two pounds of gain per head per day; whereas, those on corn meal and water made only one pound, demonstrating clearly that the farmer should utilize slops and dairy by-products whenever possible in the winter fattening of his hogs. According to these results, with pork selling at 4.5 cents, corn meal would be worth 66 cents per bushel of fifty-six pounds, and skim milk about 28.3 cents per 100 pounds. As the hogs usted in this experiment were purchased in a half-fat condition from a farmer, and sold when fattened at a good profit, it is further evidence that the farmer can utilize all the by-products on his farm to good advantage, and should finish his hogs before selling them.

Corn, Dairy By-Products and Protein Foods.

It was thought for a long time that corn meal and skim milk furnished an ideal ration for hogs. Later investigations have indicated that corn meal skim milk and some protein meal will give still better results. To determine this point a series of experiments were made by the writer with the following results:

RATION.

Corn meal and water

orn meal 1, Skim milk 8

Corn meal 2, Wheat meal 1, S. Milk 8.

Corn meal 2, Soy beans 1, S. milk 8

Corn meal 2. Wheat meal 1, S. milk 3. Corn meal 2, Wheat meal 1, S. milk 9.

ox

a a

O-C.

.50 1.35 1.30 1.30 1.35 1.40

81.05 4.96 4.13 3.38 7 63 6.62

05

O M EH

118.7 309.0 304.3 307.0 813.5 330.7

Notice that the cost of a pound of gain was much greater with the corn meal and water, than with any other ration, and notwithstanding the fact that soy beans were charged up to the hogs at a high price, it still proved an economical ration; and where wheat meal was used in addition to corn meal and skim milk, the net cost of a pound of gain was the same for bota rations. Observe, however, that the hogs receiving corn meal, wheat meal and skim milk made a larger profit than those receiving corn meal and skim milk alone. It is evident from these facts, as well as some previously stated 1 , that better results will follow the use of corn meal and some protein meal with or without skiim milk, as the combination insures larger gains at a lower cost and a superior quality of hams and bacon.

There is thus everything to encourage the breeder and feeder of hogs in the South, whether he contemplates finishing his animals on pasture or in pens during the

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1071

winter. The cheapest pork and the largest profit will always be made from the proper utilization of grazing crops, and this is the method, according to the evidence presented, which should be followed by our farmers. There is a bright future ahead, for those who engage in hog ranching and follow it up along intelligent lines.

A. M. SOULE. Agricultural College, Ga.

FEEDING CORN AND BY-PRODUCTS.

(Continued from November issue.) Editor Southern Planter:

By-Products of the Corn Grain.

Corn is extensively used in manufacturing various forms of food for man and beast. As a result, there are a number of important by-products derived from this cereal which are worthy of consideration, and attention is especially attracted to these for the reason that it is clearly evident from this resume of investigations as to the feeding value of corn that some concentrate should be fed along with it, for nearly all classes of live stock, and practically under all circumstances. If it is necessary for the farmer to buy something to feed in connection with corn, the question naturally arises asi to what he should use. He should first grow and utilize as extensively as possible the leguminous crops, which are rich in digestible protein. It has been conclusively shown that these can be made to take the place of a very considerable amount of the high-priced protein foods which have hitherto been purchased and used in connection with corn in feeding all classes of farm live stock. This is a point of such vital economic importance that it cannot be emphasized too strongly.

If leguminous crops fail or are unavailable for one reason or another, some other forms of concentrates must be used, and it is frequently desirable to use some substance rich in protein, and those foods classed as high-protein foods would be the ones tne intelligent farmer would select to supplement his ioods. Among the most important of these would be cotton seed meal, linseed meal and gluten meal, the latter being a corn by-product obtained in the manufacture of corn starch. As a rule, cotton seed meal will be the cheapest and most desirable of these to purchase, especially in the South. Linseed meal and gluten meal will probably be cheaper, and as satisfactory in proportion to use in the West and Northwest.

The digestible nutrients in the principal corn by-products is shown below, and some notes on their feeding value will not be out of place. That the value of gluten feed may be properly estimated, the digestible constituents in a ton of cotton seed meal and linseed meal •are also shown in this table:

Corn bran

Cluten meal

Germ meal

Hominy Chops..,

Linseed meal

Cotton seed meal

148 516 180 150 564 744

1196 866 1224 11P4 802 338

Digestible Nutrients in One Ton.

Gluten feed consists largely of the whole grain less a part of the -starch, and because of its fine physiological condition and richness in fat and protein, it is well adapted for use with other less concentrated grains in the preparations of rations for beef and dairy cattle. In feeding experiments it has shown up favorably in comparison with cotton seed! meal and linseed meal, though not so rich in digestible protein as these substances. Gluten meal, which does not contain the hull and germ, is very valuable as a source of fat and protein, and can be fed similarly to gluten feed, though owing to its richness, only moderate quantities should be used in rations for dairy cows. Corn oil meal or cake consists of the pressed germ of the corn grain, and is very rich in fat and protein. Only moderate amounts should be fed per day. Corn bran and corn germ, which consist chiefly of hulls and germ, are rich in fat and carbohydrates, and make very good substitutes for corn meal. Hominy meal, consisting of the softer parts of the grain, contains less water than corn meal, one to two per cent, more protein, and twice as much fat, due to the presence of a considerable proportion of the corn germ. Hominy meal is rated as having ten per cent, greater feeding value than corn meal. The extensive series of by-products resulting from the manufacture of corn into palatable forms of food for man can be fed advantageously on the average farm, especially as a number of them are rich in protein, and hence, combine admirably with corn.

In conclusion, both corn fodder and corn stover can be utilized extensively and profitably for the winter maintenance of live stock kept on the average farm. Their feeding value is not as generally appreciated as it should be, for a review of the situation reveals the fact that shredded stover and corn fodder can be made under favorable conditions to replace timothy hay. Corn of itself is an unequalled food for fattening purposes, but not being well balanced, it will give better results when fed to beef and dairy cattle, in combination with cotton seed meal, or some leguminous hay, like alfalfa or red clover. For hogs, corn in combination with skim milk, or some protein food-stuff, like wheat or soy bean meal, gives much better results than when fed by itself.

These views are somewhat at variance with those held by many farmers, but they are based on experimental data, and on that account should carry conviction to the mind of the average man.

A. M. SOULE.

Agricultural College, Ga.

w

92 220 124 136

56 244

ABERDEEN ANGUS CATTLE.

Editor Southern Planter:

In the November issue of the Planter, I -see Mr. French's article on Angus as milkers. I can substantiate what Brother French says in regard to the Angus cows as 'milkers. I also have raised calves weighing 500 pounds at five month old, with nothing except their mother's milk, and I have made as good calves as I have seen anywhere, on one-half of the milk and no feed. I never have had a bad milker since I have owned an Angus herd. I know of some herds of the beef breeds in my section that do not supply the family in milk and but-

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

[December,

ttr, rliHt are treble the size of my Angus herd. There are grade Angus cows in my county that cannot be bought for $100.00, on account of their milking qualities.

I know they are not generally considered good milkers by those who have never tested them. All I ask is for a trial. I have a neighbor who owns twelve acres of land, and lives on the mountain, who keeps three or four half-bred Angus cows, and makes butter to sell. He tells me that he would not exchange them for any other breed that he has tried, and says they winter and do better on a. third less feed. BELL.

Pulaski Co., Va.

AUCTION SALE OF BERKSHIRE HOGS AT THE VIRGINiA STATE FAIR.

On Wednesday, October 8th, 1908, there was an, auction sale of Berkshire hogs held in the swine pavilion of the State Fair. There were a fine lot of excellent hogs offered for sale, but the prices received were exceedingly poor, in many cases being no better than pork prices. One cause of the low prices was due to the fact that there were too many boars offered for sale, and too few sows. The sows were in the greatest demand, and brought better prices, but even they brought exceedingly low figures.

Those desiring registered Berkshires missed a golden opportunity of getting fine hogs at exceedingly low figures. It is to be hoped that at the sale at the Fair next year the buyers will turn out in force, and get fine stock at their own prices.

The hogs sold were as follows:

Sold by Moore's Brook Sanitarium Co., Charlottesville, Va.: First—British Lord, three-year-old boar, to W. H. Brauer, $26.00. Second—King of the Brook, two-year-old boar, to W. A. Willeroy, $26.00'. Third—Lady's King II., yearling boar, to T. J. King & Co., $21.00. Fourth—Bonnie's King, under six months' boar, Dr. F. A. Pettit, $11.50. Fifth—Bonnie's King II., under six months' boar, to S. R. Carter, $11.00. Sixth—Bonnie's King III., under six months' boar, to J. C. Kidd, $12.50. Seventh—Princess' King, under six months' boar, to W. B. Wood, $11.00.

Sold by Mr. W. A. Willeroy, Romancoke, Va.: First— Pride of the Farm, under twelve months' boar, to W. H. Brauer , $10.00. Second—Leone's Son, under twelve months' boar, to W. H. Brauer, $10.00. Third—Forgot-ten's Lad, boar, under twelve months, to W. H. Brauer, $5.00. Fourth—Maiden Mattaponi, sow, under twelve months, to T. J. King & Co., $11.00. Fifth—Lass Forgotten, sow, under twelve months, to vV. B. Frasier, $9.50. Sixth—Morning Mist, sow, under twelve months, to J. L. Nuckols, $8.00. Seventh—Mark No. 94, sow, under six months, to Dr. F. A. Pettit, $8.00

Sold by J. H. Fraser: Sow, under one year, to J. S. Walker, $18.00.

Sold by E. L. Ross, Bedford City, Va.: First—No. 328, Pride's Duke, boar, to J. T. Dawson, $12.50. Second— No. 360, Glen Duke, boar, to J. L. Nuckols, $7.00. Third-No. 251, Silver Leaf, sow, to J. T. Lawson, $9.50. Fourth-No. 252, Golden Leaf, sow, to W. H. Brauer, $9.40. Fifth-No. 398, Count Richmond, boar, to F. A. Pettit, $8.50. Sixth—No. 234, Duke of Hilton, boar, to W. H. Frasier, $7.50. Seventh—No. 280, Glen Beauty, sow, to J. T. Law-

son, $15.00. Eighth—No. 269, Belle of Virginia, sow, to T. J. King & Co., $13.50. Ninth—No. 30'6, Lady Bedford, sow, to J. C. Kidd, $14.50. Tenth—No. 307, Count of Bedford, boar, to J. C. Lawson, $10.00.

THE FUTURE OF CATTLE IMPROVEMENT.

If the beef cattle breeders of America have not wholly ceased to think, they will soberly confront a few startling facts and govern themselves accordingly.

Meritorious cattle of all the breeds are bringing low prices at sales. Soma have been sacrificed on the bargain counter. Trade in general is at a low ebb. Many holders of pedigre": beef cattle, who made a well-intentioned start in the industry when prices were on a much higher level, are discouraged. Some of them are throwing over their stocks at much sacrifice. Incalculable damage has been done the entire movement which makes for beef cattle improvement in this country.

Causes are plain. A severe and widespread drouth, the disastrous effect of which few people appreciate to its full measure, is the chief cause. The long-continued high price of corn and other grains contributes a material factor; the panic with its consequent slackening of the wheels of commerce and lessening of consumptive capacity, and the fall in price of market cattle following the industrial paralysis, all contributed elements which have affected unfavorably the business of the pedigree cattle breeder. A lightening of the ballast of-the ship has resulted. We have pleaded with breeders against needless sacrifice, but at such times all appeals fall on dull ears.

But even the blindest must see a great light in the facts and figures now available. A mighty nation, suddenly stayed in its onrushing upbuilding that was watched by the world with wonder, has incontestably begun again to gather impulse. Like a huge grayhound of the sea, which strikes its iron prow against a rock, and with reversed engines reels under the shock, but is quickly pulled off unscathed and trembles again under the forward movement, so industrial America has survived the shock of its financial distress and Dounds forward to material development, interrupted but not destroyed by the panic. This means a maximum consumption by an imperial people whose standard of living is the highest in the world. Meat is the fundamental basis of its daily rations.

The law of supply and demand is seldom suspended, never abrogated. Demand is beginning its march toward the maximum. What of supply? The figures of the market place show that during the past ten months there has been a shortage of nearly 1,000,000 cattle at the large markets of primary receipts. If demand had been normal only the imagination could have set limit to the price of beef. Liquidation has proceeded for more than two years from range and farm, until we stand face to face with a shortage of such vast volume as to occasion seemingly wild predictions of future prices of beef. Stock yards trade does not hesitate to talk 9-cent cattle and 10-cent cattle during the next six months. The first-named figure was nearly reached this year and would undoubtedly have been touched but for the restricted consumption.—Breeders' Gazette

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

107a

The Poultry Yard

POULTRY NOTES.

This month will doubtless establish a new record for prices on fresh laid white eggs, as they sold in New York on November 20th, for fifty cents per dozen wholesale. This means nearly six cents a piece for such eggs to the consumer. These figures show very plainly that there is a great shortage in cold storage eggs, and also a limited supply of fresh laid stock. If Southern farmers could be made to realize the possibilities of this winter egg trade, and would unite to supply it with first-class stock, the South could not only supply the Northern consumers during the winter months, but could hold a great share of the trade throughout the entire year.

At the same time that fancy white eggs were selling at fifty cents per dozen, Southern eggs were quoted at twenty-three to twenty-seven cents. Many people cannot understand why there should be such ,a great difference in these quotations. It is wholly a matter of quality. We can, and a few of us do produce just as good eggs here in the South as can be produce 1 :! anywhere, but the trouble is that so many people are careless, and do not produce good eggs to begin with, and then do not handle them with any thought of realizing any particular prices for them. Many people think that eggs are eggs, and that they will sell at the market price anyway. Commission men buy eggs in two ways. First: Strictly fresh, fancy, clean eggs, guaranteed, and common stock. These fancy eggs come from individual shippers who have a trademark, name or brand on each and every crate, and the buyer and consumer knows that every crate contains full count, and every egg just what it is represented to be. The general supply of eggs sell wholesale as common stock, at a price much below the price of fancy eggs, yet many of those may be just as good in every respect as the fancy stock, but the buyer has no guarantee, and buys them at a risk. There are many dealers who make a business of buying this common stock, and unpack them, candle them, clean them, and assort them into three grades, and realize a good profit. An experienced candler can tell strictly fresh eggs at a glance, also preserved eggs, cold storage, stale eggs and every other grade. By sorting, grading and cleaning these promiscuous lots of country eggs, these dealers sell them under a guarantee, and consumers know exactly what they are buying. I have seen crates of this common stock sold at fifteen cents per dozen, and after they were candled, sorted and washed, sell at twenty,thirty and forty cents per dozen. Many of these eggs were strictly first class, but they were in bad company, and sold at the price of common stock in consequence. The price is fixed by the lowest grade in the lot, and the producer of the first class eggs received third or fourth class prices for them.

I have heard it said many times that if every one would produce first class eggs and first class butter, the market would be overstocked, or glutted, and the prices would all seek the lower level. This is absurd in the extreme. In the first place, everybody will not produce

first class goods, and in the next place, if everybody would produce first class eggs and butter, the consumption would be enough greater to consume the supply. The man who produces uniformly first class goods of any kind, always has the best class of customers, and realizes top prices for his wares. The man who produces low grade, shoddy goods soon sinks to the level of low grade, shoddy customers. This is true of every kind and character of merchantable commodities, and it is especially true of fruits, dairy products and eggs.

If the farmers of Virginia and the South generally, would grade their flocks of fowls so they would produce eggs uniform in size and color, and would feed for quality, then see that nothing but strictly fresh, clean eggs went to market, then ship to a first class market, and sell under a guarantee, Southern eggs would sell at top prices in a very short time. This month is a good time to read and think and study. There should be a greater feeling of unity among the farmers. There must be more co-operation in producing, in buying, in selling. There is no reason why we cannot produce as good eggs in Virginia as can be produced in New York, Massachusetts, or Rhode Island. Our hens lay them just as fresh, the eggs are just as large, the material is just the same, then why not the price? Simply because we are too indifferent to give the business that care and attention necessary to get the eggs into the markets of the North in the condition that the trade demands. What are these conditions? First, we must grade our hens so that the eggs will be more uniform in size and color. Second, we must feed better. By this, I mean, we must feed a greater variety of grain, vegetables, meat, etc., to give the eggs body and color. Third, we must be careful to grade the eggs as to size and color of shells, and have them clean. Many people do not believe that this will make any difference in the price. Try it. Take, say five dozen nice, clean white or brown eggs, all clean and uniform in size, in one basket, and five dozen mixed colors and sizes and dirty and stainedj in another basket, and go into the market in any city, and see which lot will sell first, and for the highest price. Fourth, we must put them into market promptly, and. in an attractive way. Have your name or some brand on every package, and guarantee every egg in every package. When all this is done and continued for a short time, Southern eggs will sell at prices equal to any.

The same is true of poultry for table use. I have seen live poultry in coops in front of provision stores in Richmond, that for variety, equalled the colors of Joseph's coat. Old hens, blind hens, sick hens, lame hens, lean hens, hens with scaly legs, that looked as if they were wearing felt boots, lousy hens, big hens, little hens, hens of every color. Roosters, too. Lame, halt and blind. Veterans of many battles. Some with spurs large enough to make hunters' horns that would call to the chase all the hounds within many miles. I saw one old bumble-footed fellow that crowed lustily at the jollification parade when Cleveland was elected in 1884. Oh! Shades.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

of Delmonico! Table poultry? Is it any wonder that roosters sell at thirty cents, and hens at "two bits"? Is this picture overdrawn? Halt! Let them live a few months longer, and die of old age, rather than slay them in their dotage. A wise man said to me a few days ago, "I love ancient history, but not when it is covered with feathers. Please bring me a modern bird for Thanksgiving." Really, if we would buy some of these birds for table use, we could realize the truth of the old darky's remark about the one he picked in the "wee small hours,' "Fore de Lawd! Dis am de rooster dat crowed when Peter denied his Marster." No, no! Give us something to tempt the palate; to please the eye; to enlarge the heart and open the purse. Give us fresh eggs without ice, and table poultry that is modern and toothsome, and the demand will be equal to the supply, and "Thy days shall be long in the land, and thy latter end be like his.

CAL HUSSELMAN.

. PRACTICAL PURE-BREDS vs. SHOW BIRDS.

Editor Southern Planter:

The season of the poultry show is upon us, and our friends, the exhibitors, will soon be advertising their winnings. Some of your readers have asked me what I consider the best markings for a Barred Plymouth Rook bred for a prize winner. In reply, I wish to say that the Standard of perfection by which all judges are supposed to be bound, or guideld, is the only official or recognized authority on this subject, and if the revising of the standard were wholly in my hands, I would not make many radical changes, except to recognize the fact that nature intended that in this breed, the males should be lighter in color than the females, and I would not give equal weight to surface color and under-color,, for I think the surface color, which determines the beauty of the bird, is of more importance than the under-color, which can only be seen when we have the bird in the hand, and open up the plumage with the fingers.

Now, it often happens that in applying the rules of the standard, and awarding prizes in the show room, the awards in the table poultry classes: the Rocks, Wyan-dottes, Reds, Brahmas, etc., do not go to the fowls which have the greatest excellence for practical purposes. Let me give a few illustrations:

In a certain well-advertised show which I attended, there was a long row of Barrel Rock cockerels. Among them was one bird which I noted at once as a cull. Why he should be sent to a show I could not see. His bill was almost dark enough for a Wyandotte, and a distinct greenish tint showed all the way down the front of his legs. His outer color was dark also, and I knew that if dressed he would not show the golden skin for which the Plymouth Rocks are so justly prized. When the male bird shows so much dark color in his beak and legs, the skin is nearly always of a pale whitish, or nondescript color.

Well, when the judge came to score this bird, and the feathers were parted, it proved that the dark barring was more distinct down next to the skin than en the surface of the plumage. In fact, if each feather could have been pulled out and reversed, the bird would have been better in appearance than before. So, because the cockerel had rare strength in "under-color," and "under-color"

was in fashion, he won a place in the prize list; yet I am free to say that in my thirty-two years of experience with Barred Plymouth Rocks, I never have seen the time when I would be willing to keep that prize bird in my flock past the next killing day.

On this question of undercolor, the farmer should not be misled. By this term is meant the color on the lower part of each feather, the soft, downy portion. It is a well-known fact that practical men who are breeding Plymouth Rocks for market chickens, or for capons, select light males, which are entirely unsuited for show purposes. The very finest golden skin, and brightest yellow legs and beaks often; yes, usually go with an undercolor which is white or nearly white.

Another instance came to my attention last winter when the smallest Plymouth Rock hen in the line was awarded first prize at the Washington Show. She had considerable black in the beak, and the foundation color was more white than yellow. She also had dark spots or scales on her legs, but she had fine color points in plumage, and this usually wins the ribbon. There were in the same competition hens with pure golden beaks and legs, denoting much better market quality, and of larger size, and equally uniform and pleasing surface color, hut they received no awards. I do not say that the judging is poor, but I do say that we, who are breeding table poultry for market, and to improve the stock of the 'country, must select our stock by a standard which differs somewhat from that which the best show room judges adopt. In other words, the breeder who has a long list of premiums to his credit, does not necessarily have the birds best suited to improve the flock of the practical breeder, who keeps thoroughbreds for use as well as for pleasure.

What I have said specifically of Plymouth Rocks applies to all our American breeds which have mixed coloring. It seems to me that table quality, which has done so much to make them popular, is too much ignored in the show room, and judges are too willing to forgive a little deficiency in size, when size is. one of the vital characteristics of the breed.

Personally, I seldom care to breed from a male bird of my own breeding which will not weigh ten pounds at maturity, the full standard weight being nine and one-half pounds, and probably a large majority of Rocks now bred are falling below the standard, as there is a general tendency to sacrifice size for show rocm coloring. The Progress of the Flock.

The past month has been one of heavy feeding and rather rapid growing with the 450 young Plymouth Rocks which we are raising. Pullets of our own breeding, hatched April 2d, began laying late in October. These are the only Rocks in this neighborhood which have laid this fall at less than seven months, so far as I have heard. The first pullets sired by males from the Maine Experiment Station are now seven months and three days old, and have not yet laid:, but seem to be making preparations. Cockerels of this blood weighed seven and one-half pounds at seven months old. They are of fine table quality, are maturing with fair rapidity, and nearly all of them will be far larger than their .sires, and with better markings. Cockerels whose colony house is so located

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1075

as to give mostly field range, are growing faster than those having chiefly woods range. It takes faith in the business to keep 100 cockerels and 300 pullets on full feed at present prices when they are yieMing nothing in return. As we are aiming to keep this venture on a paying basis, we may have to sell 100 1 pullets, instead of wintering all, as we first planned.

The Selling Club.

The Southern Table-Poultry Club was mentioned in my last letter, but as my address was not given (through oversight) several inquiries reached me later. We are simply selling through one house, and binding ourselves to observe the rules of shipment on our distinctive Blue Label. No membership fees, nor salaries to pay. Each shipper helps to establish a reputation for all. We have as good facilities for selling as Washington affords, and are glad to co-operate with all shippers of first-class stock to this market. For Blue Labels address,

W. A. SHERMAN.

Vienna, Fairfax Co., Va.

POULTRY KEEPING ON A FARM.

Editor Southern Planter:

November 14th, with the snow eight inches deep and still snowing, I am going to give the readers of the Planter my experience in the poultry business. I have been raising poultry only four years, and will say I did not start in it for pleasure only, and I have not been disappointed. I am raising only two breeds, and I don't want any more, for I think they are the best. The Barred Plymouth Rocks and Single Comb Brown Leghorns were the breeds I decided upon at first, and I have never regretted my selection; as there are no two prettier or more interesting breeds of fowls grown to-day. For several years I have read with much interest accounts of large profits derived from producing eggs and young chickens for market; and describing the different modes of handling and caring for flocks, feeding, etc. Previous to 190'8 I flept no record of expenses or receipts. But desiring to know if the large profits claimed to be made by writers in poultry papers could be realized, I decided to find out myself, and the results have been entirely satisfactory. The test was made on my farm of seventy-three acres, uuder conditions as they exist, or could, at a small outlay, be made to exist on most of the farms of the State. The test began January 1, 1908, and is not completed, yet, but I am so well satisfied that I want to give results before a new year begins, in the hope that it will help some one to start and make money out of their farm poultry. When the test began I started with fifty hens and fifty pullets. Fifty of each breed. I kept one yard of each kind entirely separate from each other to get my eggs from to set. The rest of the flock run together without any male birds with them. Now, I want to say I have to-day over 100 March, April and May pullets, and twenty-five old hens, besides some to eat. So, after selling what we have done, we still have twenty-five more than we started with. Now, I want to tell you the kind of houses I use. I built them myself, and am a great advocate of fresh air for healthy fowls. My houses face the southeast, on a good slope, so water can run away. Size of houses, twenty by twenty feet, four and a

half feet high in rear, seven and a half feet high in front. They have open fronts, covered with wire, and in severe weather I drop a curtain down over opening, and on real bleak nights use a curtain close to the roosts inside the house. In this way I never had a comb to freeze at any time last winter, although we had some real cold nights. I clean my houses about four times or more, if needed, a year, and use plenty of slaked lime to keep down odors and absorb moisture. I believe it very important to keep everything dry and plenty of dust in the poultry houses. Fowls are let out each day, after ten o'clock in the morning, in winter time, except on snowy, or very cold days. I kept my Leghorn pen up for one month at one time, and they seemed to lay better in close confinement than any other way. The pen consisted of twenty-one hens and one cock. They averaged fifteen eggs in January and February, and one day, when it was down to and below Zero, I got nineteen eggs from this pen. Can anyone beat that? For a winter ration, 1 feed mostly dry grain—wheat, corn and oats in straw; give them a bran mash three times a week, and keep some grain in deep litte» all the time to keep them busy. At night I feed them whole corn just before going to roost. For green food, I feed cabbage, beets, potatoes, etc. Cook my potatoes and feed them hot with bran. Oyster shells are kept before them all the time. The question of keeping hens busy cannot be over-estimated; a lazy hen is good for nothing, but the table or market. Good dry quarters make hens happy, and we should see that they have such, if we want them to lay eggs this winter. They are now forty cents a dozen. Straw or leaves make a nice litter for a scratching shed, and no house is complete without some preparation of this kind in winter. Give plenty of warm water, or the dish water from the kitchen, and milk occasionally. I sold all my hens down to fifty in May, while prices were good to make room for my young stock.

I hatch most of my chickens in incubators, and raise them in brooders and with hens. This way we get all our chickens out by May 1st, and they all grow to maturity about the same time. Now, one word about incubators: Buy the best at any price, and you will find them cheapest in the long run. I ran a medium price machine twice, and I sent it back, and you could not give it back to me as a gift, since using the ones I have now. I never got a fifty per cent, hatch out of it. While I get from eighty-five to ninety-three per cent, hatch out of ones I have now. If any of your readers care to know what kind of machines I am using, I will write and tell or help them in any way I can. I did not start hatching very early last spring but want to commence this season the first of February.

Now, a word about feeding young chickens. Take them out of incubators or from the hens in the evening, when they are thirty-six hours old, and put them in brooders, or with hens in their coops, and feed them next morning when they are forty-eight hours old. I never feed anything but dry feed to little ones from the first, as I have found they do much better when fed this way. Give them a little water in a chick fountain. Will tell you more about feeding a little later. All feed was raised (Continued on page 1087.)

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

The Horse.

NOTES.

BY W. J. CARTER ("Broad Rock"). Mr. Winston's Fine Trotters.

Of all Virginians that I recall, certainly among those "bred here and to the manor born, not one has shown greater aptitude as a student of blood lines and pedigrees than James O. Winston, who has ever been loyal to the trotting horse. As senior member of the big contracting firm of Winston & Company, with offices at Richmond, Va., and Kingston, N. Y., Mr. Winston is a very busy man, though his trotters furnish a lot of healthful diversion, and, for an amateur, he can team a fast horse to a rousing good finish either on the track •or road. With the contract awarded less than twelve months since, and the work now well under way, the Winston Brothers, James O. and Thomas S., who make up the firm, assumed a mammoth undertaking, one representing more than thirteen millions, in building the Ashokan Reservoir, which will furnish the water supply for New York City, some eighty miles distant. This is one of the world's largest contracts; in fact, being second to only one other yet awarded, something to be proud of by these two clever Virginians who have essayed to carry out the specifications. Mr. Winston and family now reside at Kingston, but the works are at Brown Station, same ten miles distant, while his horses are quartered at the Kingston Driving Park, with Thomas Dolphin in charge. Dolphin was formerly one of Allie Trout's assistants at Maplehurst Farm, near Boston, where the famous sire, Baron Wilkes, ruled as premier for years. At Kingston Driving Park.

The Kingston Driving Park is right near town, and Doi^hin occupies the main training barn, with some ten or twelve horses, all of them trotters, of which Sahib, 2:23%, the brown stallion, 6, by Bingen, 2.06%, out or Lady Ethylwyn, by Jack Daw, 2:28%, is probably the best known horse in the stable. One of the best individuals among the sons of his far-famed sire, Sahib came to his speed early, as at two years he could better than 2:20 speed, while he worked a mile in 2:18 at three, one in 2:14 at four, and his record was made at five, with a trial in around 2:14.

This season the brown stallion trained off and when he rounded to no attempt was made to give him fast work. Sons of Bingen are proving wonderfully successful in the stud and the get of Sahib seem already to indicate vhat may be expected of Lady Ethylwyn's son as a sire, though so far he has only four foals, two of which are yearlings and the others only weanlings. Of this lot ,all bred and owned by Mr. Winston, the yearling-colt, out of Mabel S., by Ashland Wilkes is now an impressive looking youngster, full fifteen hands high, who, with little else than mere breaking, worked eighths quite handily around 18 seconds, a 2:24 gait; in fact, on a cold, windy day in November I saw Dolphin work this sturdy, well-made colt nearly that fast in company

with Miss Caleta, 2:29%, who, with Mr. Winston up, had to be driven out to finish on even terms with her infantile rival. This colt is known as Sinbad at the track, while the other yearling is a bay filly, called Sceptre and her dam is Script, by The Bondsman, second dam Luzelle, 2:15%, one of the best three-year-olds of her year, by Patron, 2:14%,, from Rachel Ray, a great brood mare, by Overstreet Wilkes. A black filly, by Oakland Baron, 2:09% out of Miss Caleta, 2:29%, is another good yearling bred by Mr. Winston and he thinks well of her, too, as she trotted eighths in 17% seconds this fall. This filly looks much like Lady Gail Hamilton, 2:06%, the fastest daughter of Oakland Baron. The two weanlings in Dolphin's stable are both fillies, and by Sahib, one a bay, from Mabel S., and the other a brown, out of Script. All of these youngsters, well bred, are entered in The Horseman, The American Horse Breeder, The Kentucky Futurity, and other rich colt stakes.

Choice Brood Mares in the Winston Stud.

Mabel S., a good looking roan, ten years old, by Ashland Wilkes, dam Mattie Swope, 2:30, by Young Jim; (Script, stoutly made bay, of five years, by The Bondsman, dam Luzelle, 2:15%, and Miss Caleta, a brown, ten years old, by Bingen, dam Caleta, by Advertiser, 2:15%, make a choice trio of brood mares. Mabel S. and Script are with foal by Sahib, while Mss Caleta was bred to Guy Axworthy, 2:08%, one of the fastest and handsomest sons of Axworthy, 2:15%, the sire of great trotters like Hamburg Belle, 2:04%, and Genera] Watts, 2:06%, world's champion three-year-old. Miss Caleta is a fine roadster, as with speed she combines rare good manners and few daughters of her famous sire are more attractive in appearance. Dolphin marked this daughter of Bingen at Poughkeepsie during the summer meeting there, while her daughter, Lady Caleta, by that wonderful sire of early speed, Peter the Great, 2:07%, trotted to a record of 2:15%. The five-year-old gray mares, Margaret J., by Kyrillie, 2:14%, son of Kremlin, 2:07%, dam Salvage, by Maztlan, 2:26%, and Toyah, by Peter the Great, dam La Jolla dam of Binjolla, 2:17%, by Advertiser, from famous old Sally Benton, 2:13%, the champion four-year-old of 1883, and she out of the wonderful Palo Alto brood mare Sontag Mohawk, dam of eight, among them Conductor, 2:14%, grand sire of Walnut Hall, 1, 3, 2:08%, are being driven to pole. Both mares were mated in the spring with Sahib, though Toyah missed, but Margaret J. is plainly with foal.

Alice B. in Kentucky.

Alice B., 2:23%, the bay mare, 8, by Idolita, 2:09%, out of Wilbooka, 2:19%, by Wilkes Boy, 2:24%, is now in the stable of Ed. Benyon, at Lexington, Ky. This bloodlike, elegant daughter of Idolita has lightning speed at the trot, as she has shown better than a two-minute clip, but she will probably be bred to Peter the Great in the spring, and later become a member of the court of Sahib, son of Bingen and Lady Ethlywynn.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1077

HOW COLTS THRIVE IN VIRGINIA. Editor Southern Planter:

I send you a clipping from The Breeders' Gazette of October 28th:

"Your inquirer, W. H. McK., asks if 760 pounds is a good weight for a colt at seven months of age. It is. I have a Percheron stallion colt which, at foaling time, weighed 270 pounds, at one month, 330 pounds, at two months, 400, and at four months, 615 pounds. I have also a filly which, at three months, weighed 435, and at five months, 635 pounds. Is not 270 pounds a very great weight for a foal at birth? " -

Now, I don't know what our colts weighed at birth, but I am quite satisfied that it would have taken all but two of them to equal this 270 pounds. I don't want any 270 pounds in mine; but as we don't weigh them that young, cannot positively state the weight at birth. One of our stud colts at three months tipped the beam at 500 pounds; at five months, 700 pounds, and at six months, 780' pounds. The small gain of this last month may be accounted for by the fact of weaning.

A filly at two and a half months weighed 464 pounds; at four and a half months, 670 pounds, and at five and a half months, 760 pounds. It is rather interesting to note the gradual closing up of the distance between her and her mate.

The smallest colt we have got, at five months, weighed 610 pounds, and the next one to" it, 650 pounds at the same age of five months. As these two colts came in the last two days in May, they caught a remarkably sultry time to get away, and in my experience great heat is worse than moderate cold for a very young foal. I don't know whether our friend of the clipping was more favorably placed in the season or not. Giving it to him, we can carry the odds and then win.

These colts had a few oats and some bran from the time they would eat. And their mothers some oats from the time the pastures got bare. The pasture was just plain, ordinary, every-day Virginia broom sedge. And there is no use disguising the fact that it is broom sedge we've got, but we are trying for better. From these results on broom sedge, we feel encouraged to expect something pretty good when we get blue grass for the mares and their progeny.

F. M. MoCLOY.

Albemarle Co., Va.

THE HORSE MARKETS.

Editor Southern Planter;

I send the following views of the horse commission salesmen on the Chicago markets, which may prove of interest to your readers.

Newgass, who handles about 25,000 horses a year, said: "I have a large retail trade in heavy horses which demands the best type of Percheron, and will have no other breed," and that seventy-five per cent, of the draft horses sold by him to the trade were Percherons. Mr. Jacob Koehler, who is one of the largest dealers in the Chicago market, said: "There are only two kinds of horses which farmers can breed that will be sure to make them money, good Percherons and smooth, stylish-acting coach horses.

There is only one draft horse for this country, and that is the Percheron."

Messrs. Blain & Evans, large operators in horses, who were very extensively engaged in importing Clydes and Shires, said "the best selling horses on the market were grade Percherons. F. J. Berry, who has handled as many as 27,000 horses in a year, said: "For a'draft horse, the Percheron is the horse. Our cities all want them in preference to any other breed." Colonel J. S. Cooper, one of the largest dealers in the United States, said: "For drafters the Percherons are the best of all breeds, and in our circulars we recommend the use of stallions or this breed."

I bring to my backing men whose business it is to keep posted, and whose years of experience in handling the Percheron on commission, should have given them the knowledge that they impart to their customers, and the public at large. It is a case of the dealers, not the breeders, whose opinions deserve weight, as they sell only on commission.

JOHN F. LEWIS.

Rockingham Co., Va.

We have never questioned the conclusion that the Percheron was a draft horse for city work, nor that he is in demand all the time for this purpose. Our point has been that for a work horse on the farm the Suffolk Punch is a better fitted, more tractable animal, with an intuitive predilection for farm work, derived from long years oi use for this purpose, and, therefore, is what we need in Virginia on the farm to take the place of the light-limbed animals which are no use in handling the heavy modern agricultural machinery, which must be used if we are to compete successfully in the production of crops. From these heavier Suffolk mares grade Percherons can be bred which will meet the need of city buyers as above stated, and they will give us mules of size and weight for farm and city work.—Ed.

We have published statements of weights achieved by draft-bred colts owned by subscribers. A tyro in the business wants to know how it is all done. Have mares of draft blood—the more the better—mate them with the best draft stallions available, feed the mares liberally during pregnancy, and after the foals come give the youngsters all they will eat as soon as they will eat it. Oats with the husks sieved out, or, in fact, oatmeal, should be the first food given the colt as soon as he will nibble at it. This will probably be at from four to five weeks of age. Thereafter he should have just what he will clean up, and in two or three weeks a trifle of bran may be added. As the colt grows along to be nine or ten weeks old he may have the oats prushed, and about a fifth of the weight of the total ration in bran. It is only a very little that he will eat, but it will make a marvelous difference in his growth and condition. Then when the dry and dusty days of August come along, and the pasture is bare and brown, he should have some green corn in order that he may not lack for succulence. When he is! well accustomed to eat grain and at about the age of five months he may be weaned, and what little milk he was getting from his dam at that time will make small difference to him.— Breeders' Gazette.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

Miscellaneous.

THE MAIN BARNS AND SILO, STATE FARM, LASSITBR, VA.

THE STATE (PRISON) FARM.

Several years ago, in order to relieve the congestion in the State Prison, also to provide a more healthful and sanitary place for convicts in poor health, the State Legislature authorized the purchase of a farm in G-oochland county, about thirty miles from Richmond. The land purchased consists of considerably over 1,000 acres, and was a part of the estate of the late General Joseph R. Anderson. The farm, which consists of low grounds, second low grounds and high land, lays well for easy cultivation, with pretty nearly any kind of machinery. At that time the farm was pretty well worn, but by careful and intelligent handling, the Superintendent, Hon. T. J. Davis, has brought the greater part of it up to a high state of cultivation, as evidenced by the splendid crops he is growing from year to year. He usually has in his

tions. Not all of the above number o^men are available for work, as the aged, crippled, maimed and tuberculous have to be deducted; thus his working force is not so large as appears at first sight. The farm has been well cleaned up, drained and ditched, and suitable buildings erected for both men and stock.

A general view of the barns and silo is shown at the head of this article. Since this photograph was taken, the space between the two barns has been covered, and is now used to house the dairy cattle, numbering about eighty head. A splendid result of the use of this shed as a cow shelter is, that tuberculosis has been entirely gotten rid of. The entire dairy herd is, therefore, in an absolutely healthy condition.

The silo is solid concrete, with a capacity of 300 tons, and is a model of its kind. It is practically indestructible,

A BUNCH OF YOUNG MULES, STATE FARM, LASSITER, VA.

charge from 20'0 to 300 men, so he is able to carry on I and should last for centuries. It is needless to say that quite extensive farming, canning and quarrying opera-1 it keeps the silage in splendid shape, and by its use, Mr.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1079

Davis can economically and handily furnish his stock with plenty of succulent feed throughout the winter.

There is plenty of room for hay in the enormous barn shown at the left. There needs to be plenty of room for the storing of this crop, as 370 tons of first class hay was saved during the past season.

Another profitable and extensive venture of SuperiL-tendent Davis was the planting of eighty-five acres in tomatoes from which $12,000 worth of canned goods were sold last year. AH of the work in connection with the canning is done on the place, and a strictly first clais article is put up. Indeed, we are informed that- the demand quite exceeds the supply at profitable figures, and

Du'roc boars at an early date. Practically all the pork raised is consumed on the place.

Where such large farming operations are undertaken there is, of course, the problem of teams. Mr. Davis has found it more profitable to raise mules than to buy them, and in consequence has on hand at present some twenty-nine head of unbroken mules. In the very near future he will, therefore, have all the teams he wants. The farm owns its own jack.

There is another source of revenue to the farm, and which, by the way, finds plenty of work when the men are not otherwise engaged, and that is a rock quarry. Mr. Davis has had installed a rock crusher of great capa-

SOME HOME-MADE PORK, STATE FARM, LASSITER, VA.

thus a tidy sum is realized, and naturally applied to the great expense of feeding, clothing and guarding the prisoners.

Another interesting crop this season was 185 acres of about the best corn ever seen in the James River Valley. We "have not yet been informed as to the yield, but from reports, it must have been highly satisfactory.

Where there are so many men to feed, the meat problem is naturally a serious one. Mr. Davis has, however, successfully solved it with a herd of some 200 head of hogs of Duroc-Berkshire cross. At present he is using Berkshire boars, but will, in all probability, change to

FARMERS' WINTER COURSE OF LECTURES AND DEMONSTRATIONS AT THE AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE, BLACKS-BURG, VIRGINIA.

In the winter of 1907-1908, the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College offered for the first time to the farmers of the State a short course in agriculture and kindred subjects. The results were satisfactory in every way. Farmers representing twenty-two counties in the State were present, and expressed enthusiastic satisfaction with the work given. This course will be repeated, and lectures and demonstration work will begin Tuesday, January 12th, and continue for four weeks, closing February 10th.

As stated, the course will consist of lectures and demonstrations—the lectures being given in the morning, and demonstrations of stock-judging, dairy practice, farm

city, which he has set in front of about a quarter of a mile of solid rock, which is crushed and ground into ballast and sold to the railways in enormous quantities. Perhaps some of our county supervisors may be able to persuade Mr. Davis to sell them some of this valuable road-making material. He has an inexhaustible supply of rock, and it may be that after a while he will be soliciting orders.

We congratulate Mr. Davis on his capable management and the good results he is showing in all the departments of his work. We are quite sure that the Prison Board will concur in these sentiments. SHEPHERD.

machinery, silo and ensilage machinery, pruning, spraying, etc., in the afternoon.

No entrance examinations required. All are welcome, regardless of age or education.

Subjects of the Short Course.—1, Agricultural Chemistry and Fertilizers. 2, Soils and Maintenance of Fertility. 3. Farm Crogp and Rotation. 4. Farm Machinery and Implements. 5. Farm Management and Book-keeping. 6. Principles of Seed Selection. 7. Stock Breeding and Feeding. 8. Stock Judging and Treatment. 9. Silos and Ensilage Machinery. 10. Dairy Principles arid Practice. 11. Water Supply on the Farm. 12. Land Measurement and Leveling. 13. Poultry Breeding and Feeding. 14. Fruit Growing and Marketing. 14. Insect Pests and Plant Diseases.

While all are advised to take the full course, it will be seen that the above list of subjects can be grouped into

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

[December,

General Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, Dairying, and Horticulture. While not accurately divided, it may be stated that, roughly speaking, General Agriculture will be given the first week, Animal Husbandry the second, Dairy Husbandry the third, and Horticulture the fourth. In addition to the practical instruction given during the day, one or more illustrated lectures on popular subjects will be given at night during each week of the course.

While all of the foregoing courses are popular, rather than technical, in their presentation, sufficient laboratory instruction is given to enable any intelligent dairyman to acquire reasonable accuracy in making a test for butter-fat, and to enable any farmer to test his soils for acidity, and' his farm seeds, etc., for viability and purity. Expenses.

The expenses of the farmer for this winter course of four weeks may be estimated! as follows:

Tuition Free.

Board, per week $3 00

Heat, light and laundry, per week 1 25

Matriculation, for course 1 00

The rooms will be furnished without charge with single iron bedsteads. The bedding must be brought from home, and should include pillows, sheets, blankets, and, if possible, a single mattress. Where mattresses cannot be brought from home, they can be rented here, but the charge for three weeks' rental will be twenty-five cents. No text-books required.

Tickets should be bought over the Norfolk and Western to Christiansburg, from which point a short railroad line of eight miles runs to Blacksburg. Farmers upon arrival should report at once at the President's office, wnere, after registering, quarters will be assigned. Farmer students will not be subject to the usual college discipline, but are expected to conform to the program adopted for this course, and to act as law-abiding citizens.

Farmers can board at the hotel, or with private parties in the town where desired. We have made provision in the agricultural building for approximately 100, and any one who wishes a place reserved there, at the above rates, will please write in advance to

DR. P. B. BARRINGER, President.

Blacksburg, Va.

We commend this subject to the attention of our readers. Either go yourself or send your sons. The cost will be repaid a thousandfold.—Ed.

MEETING OF COMMISSIONERS OF AGRICULTURE.

The Southern States Association of Commissioners of Agriculture and other agricultural workers held its tenth annual meeting in Nashville, Tennessee, October 20-22.

There was a very good attendance at tnt meeting, indeed, nearly all of the States were well represented. There were from Virginia, Mr. G. W. Koiner, Commissioner of Agriculture; Dr. E. W. Magruder, State Chemist; Mr. B. L. Purcell, Deputy Dairy and Food Commissioner; Mr. J. Rice Smith and Mr. F. B. Carpenter, both of the Virginia-Carolina Chemical Company.

The program, an excellent one, was as follows:

Address of Welcome—Governor Malcolm R. Patterson, Tennessee.

Response to Address of Welcome—Commissioner W. A. Graham, North Carolina. .

Report of Committee on Uniform Pure Food and Feed Laws.

Address—President of the Association, T. G. Hudson, Georgia.

Subjects for Discussion.

1. Reports of Work in the Several Departments of Agriculture during the past year, including Improvements in Old Lines and the Additional New Ones during the present year—Commissioners of Agriculture of Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia.

2. The Needs of Agriculture in the South—-E. J. Watson, Commissioner of Agriculture, South Carolina.

3. The Management of a Two-Horse Southern Farm— J. N. Harper, Director Experiment Station, South Carolina.

4. Uniform Regulations for the Enforcement of Feed Laws—E. W. Magruder, Department of Agriculture, Virginia.

5. Uniform Regulations for the Enforcement of Food Laws—Benjamin L. Purcell, Department of Agriculture, Virginia.

Discussion of above two subjects—R. E. Rose, State Chemist, Florida.

6. LTniform Laws for Stock- Feeds and Condimental Foods—B. W. Kilgore and C. D. Harris, Department of Agriculture, North Carolina.

7. Progress in the Execution of Food and Stock Feed Laws—R. E. Stallings, Georgia; W. F. Hand, Mississippi; R. E. Rose, Florida; C. A. Moores, Tennessee.

8. Progress Made in Tick Eradication—W. P. Ellenber-ger, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington. D. C.

Discussions by Tait Butler, North Carolina; H. A. Morgan, Tennessee; C. A. Carey, Alabama.

9. Results of Demonstration Work—D. N. Barrow, Clemson College, South Carolina.

10. Immigration—G. W. Koiner, Commissioner of Agriculture, Virginia.

11. Demonstration Work in South Carolina—Ira Williams, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D C.

12. The Use of Winter Legumes—C. L. Goodrich, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.

13. Conserving the Resources of the Commonwealth— A. M. Souie, University of Georgia, Athens, Ga.

14. The Possibility of the Production of Industrial Alcohol in the Southern States—B. B. Ross, Experiment Station, Alabama.

15. Local Agricultural, Horticultural andl Live Stock Organizations—H. E. Blakeslee, Commissioner of Agriculture, Mississippi.

16. The Menace of the Creamery Promoters in the South—C. L. Willoughby, Experiment Station, Georgia.

17. The Duty of a State in Regard to Forestry—Alfred Ackerman, University of Georgia, Athens, G.

18. The Farmers' Relation to the Prosperity of a State—J. Rice Smith, Virginia.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1081

19. Fertilizer Control Laws—J. T. Welch, Louisville, Ky.

20. New Laws Needed in the South—J. A. Wilkinson, Commissioner of Agriculture, Alabama.

21. Address—John Thompson, Commissioner of Agriculture, Tennessee. On some subject relating to the work of his Department.

The papers on food and feeds were the most interesting, and brought forth most discussion. The Standing Committee on Uniform Food Laws presented draft of a uniform stock feed law, which was agreed to by all of thei States represented, and the Association will endeavor to have this enacted into law as soon as possible. A uniform law for stock feeds for all of the Southern States will be a great step in advance.

The City of Nashville and its good people entertained the Association most lavishly, giving them a smoker, a trip to The Hermitage, "Old Hickory" Jackson's old home, and a trolley ride around the city. The meeting was a most helpful and profitable one to all in attendance-

The officers for the ensuing year are:

President—H. E. Blakesley, Commissioner of Agriculture, Mississippi.

First Vice-President—Captain R. E. Rose, State Chemist, Florida.

Second Vice-President—John Thompson, Commissioner of Agriculture, Tennessee.

" Secretary-Treasurer—B. W. Kilgore, State Chemist, North Carolina.

Assistant -Secretary-Treasurer—E. W. Magruder, State Chemist, Virginia.

The Association will meet next year in Mississippi.

THE FARMERS' CLUB. Editor Southern Planter:

The writer has always appreciated the value of farmers' clubs, or agricultural societies, but special attention was called to their value by the recent Farmers' Institute, and it really is to be regretted that some able person who had the experience and advantage of being a member of a local club was not called upon to give us an address, or at least to open the ball in a discussion of this valuable topic.

Agricutural clubs, either county or more local, are of very great value in 'disseminating information, increasing the genuine sociability of the neighborhood, assisting their members in the more profitable conduct of farm and live stock affairs, and in developing agriculture generally. These local associations would be quite as valuable in the course of the year as Farmers' Institutes. There exist now several of such local clubs in the State of Virginia. The writer has had the pleasure of attending the meetings of several of such clubs and taking part in the proceedings.

There is such an organization known as the "Black Lick Farmers' Club," located in Wythe county, but not a county association. In fact, it is rather an exclusive one and consists of but ten or twelve families, the heads of the families being the members. It is the intention of this club to be limited to an even twelve families. The meetings occur once a month, and the annual program shows the arrangement to be that one meeting is to be

held at the home of each family. From the neat little program it is evident that each member has a name for his place and that the meetings are changed from one place to another by turns. In March, for example, the the meeting is held at Laurel Glen, the home of W. G. Howe; in June it is held at Willow Lawn, the home of Peter W. Hounshell. In their little booklet one page is devoted to each meeting, with the name of the month boldly at the top, place of meeting following, title of paper to be read, by ■whom, discussion, and for afternoon two or three topics to be taken up. One topic may interest the gentlemen exclusively an'di another be discussed by the ladies.

The preamble to the Constitution of this littie club is of particular interest and reads as follows:

"Desiring to promote good fellowship and neighborly feeling, of securing our mutual improvement in mind and morals, of seeking the best methods in husbandry and housewifery, and helping on that good time 'when our garners shall be full, affording all manner of store, and our sons shall be as plants grown up in their youth, and our daughters may be as cornerstones polished after the similitude of a palace,' we, the undersigned, do form ourselves into an association known as the Black Lick Farmers' Club, and for our government do adopt the following Constitution and By-Laws."

Another idea of a club coimes from one that we know of that is broader and yet limited in its membership, as follows:

"Any one actively engaged or materially interested in farming shall be eligible to membership. Applications shall be endorsed by the Executive Committee, and an unanimous vote of the members present at any meeting shall be necessary to election. Membership shall be limited to fifty."

The object of this Farmers' Club in their

Constitution reads as follows:

"The object of this club shall be to bring together enterprising young men actively engaged or materially interested in farming, for the purpose of exchanging ideas, securing the more profitable production of farm products, and developing the agricultural resources of the State."

This club has annual dues to the amount of five dollars. If the membership is kept full there would be an annual income of $250 per year. If this club should meet once a month it could easily have a good speaker each time. Frequently the speakers would not cost the amount of $5.00 in expenses, and when some other speaker, whose expenses would be greater, was desired, more money could be used. Members from the Experiment Station staff and from the Agricultural College of Virginia (V. P. I.) would be glad to discuss various subjects for such clubs, and the outlay for their services would only amount to their expenses.

The writer recalls an agricultural club in Yorkshire, England, which he had the pleasure of visiting twice. This club consisted of fifty members, each paying one pound ($5.) annual dues, which was expended in procuring the services of a professor of agriculture who met with them one evening every week, gave them a lecture, arid discussed the same with the club. Frequently the subject extended over two or three meetings, and at other

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

times a subject was taken up and finished at one meeting. The value secured to every member of such a club is inestimable. The profit arising froim the many valuable things learned and used in his business affairs would many times repay the outlay of five dollars dues. The interest such a club would build up in each and every member in his own affairs, would also be of great value. A club that employs regular speakers or meets for the discussion of various subjects could perhaps better meet at some central point where a hall, schoolhouse or church could be secured. In a club consisting of from twenty-five to fifty members there would unquestionably be many specialists, such as breeders of different lines of live stock, poultry fanciers, apiarists, and others, who would take up special subjects in their turn and discuss them fully. There should always be three or four members selected who are especially interested in the topic to be discussed, that they might prepare themselves especially for the occasion and bring out the important features of the subject in the discussion.

The remark of a farmer that such clubs always end in dissension, misunderstandings, or in one or two wishing to run the whole thing, causes me to make the suggestion that it is well to provide in the constitution and by-laws for a change of all officers at the annual election, and it is doubtless advantageous to have some limitations in order to give long-winded brethren an opportunity to

sit down. In the by-laws of one club there is this provision: "Members may not occupy more than ten minutes on essay or discussion, and shall confine themselves to the topics under discussion, which shall have to do with husbandry or housewifery, and should avoid altogether the vexed questions of politics and theology." It is also provided that "the refreshments shall be plain and simple, and the invitations to the meetings of the club shall be limited to the hostess of the day." This applies to the club of twelve families which visits the various homes in turn. It should certainly be the object of every member of such a club to carefully avoid assuming too much authority, taking more than his share of the time and honors, but, on the other hand, to endeavor to do his part in every particular. Each member of such a club should unselfishly endeavor to give his best efforts for the success of the club, and not only its general upbuildinfi, but the strengthening and benefitting of every individual member. The adoption of the following motto would insure peace, harmony and good will throughout the membership of such a club:

"There is so much good about the worst of us,

And so much bad about the best of us, That it behooves none of us

To talk about the rest of us." Agricultural College, WALTER J. QUICK,

Blacksburg, Va. Prof, of Animal Husbandry.

THE "LECTURE ROOM" CAR CROWDED WITH INT ERESTED FARMERS.

THE BETTER FARMING SPECIAL TRAIN—LIVE

-STOCK FEATURE. Editor Southern Planter: The farmers who visited the special train run in theii

Western Railway over its lines, for which speakers were provided from the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, exhibited interest and appreciation of an exceptional nature in the talks on live stock and the advantages of diversification

interest from November 3d to 13th by the Norfolk & in farming. Hundreds of questions were asked and undi-

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1083

T

vided attention was given to every phase of the many ideas offered along animal husbandry lines and advice given for improving agricultural conditions, the fertility of the land, and better financial returns, by the adoption of stock farming and a suitable rotation of crops.

At many stops the time was so limited for each speaker that no subject could be fully covered this being especially true from a live stock point Of view.

The specific questions of breeds, crosses, grading up, live stock management, feeding, care and handling for market could only be touched upon incidentally. But enough was said to arouse such an interest as to cause the farmers to follow up with questions, conversations after the talks, requests for the Experiment Station Bulletins on live stock, feeding, etc.

It is a great advantage to have animals on exhibition for illustration. A breeder of Holsteins and a dairyman at Farmville placed the writer under many obligations by having one of his fine cows, in full flow of milk, at the train. Many questions of practical importance were asked by the farmers as we used the animal as an object lesson in our talk.

The impossibility of discussing in detail the many vital

short course for farmers this winter continuing four weeks, beginning January 10th.

The limited and unsatisfactory amount of information to be given in the short train talks may be quite fully understood when I state that a dozen or fifteen lectures of an hour each are required in the winter short course. The course is so scheduled and the different subjects are grouped so as to permit' farmers who are unable to be away from their farms more than a week or ten days to select the lectures they desire to hear—in horticulture, agronomy, fertilizers, animal husbandry, etc.—to attend at the time such lectures are to be given.

Many expressions of satisfaction in the "Traveling Agricultural College," were heard from those who visited the exhibition car, secured literature along lines in which they were most interested and listened to the lectures in the auditorium cars. Many compliments were passed on the management of the train by Mr. F. H. LaBaume, Agricultural Agent of the Norfolk & Western Railway; also, upon the speakers, though some of the latter compliments, as might have been expected, were rather of a left-hand character, and a few adverse criticism were not withheld by the critics until they were beyond hearing.

THE BETTER FARMING TRAIN INTERESTS THE SCHOOL GIRLS.

questions pertaining to live stock in a thirty or forty minute talk was so evident that all farmers seemed to appreciate the disadvantage and many at every stop expressed their hope of attending the V. P. I. winter

One of these, after he had listened three minutes, said, as he backed out of the car: "I know mor'n that feller can learn me in a week." Another remarked, as he withdrew: "That man can't learn me nothin'." Mr. Fer-

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

guson, so well and favorably known, and who heard the last remark, wittily said, loud enough for all to hear who had heard the remark: "That man told the truth," which was heartily endorsed as evidenced by the laughter. This occurred at Farmville, where we were greeted by our largest, most intelligent and appreciative audience, and by continuous visitors until the shades of night prevented. At night Dir. Fletcher's lecture was well attended in the auditorium of the Normal School by a delighted audience, who were evidently deeply interested in civic betterment, the lecturer's theme being appropriately and forcibly illustrated by stereopticon pictures of "before and after."

Reverting to our subject, the farmers everywhere agreed with the writer, many with significant nods of the head, that Southern agriculture has suffered terribly from the one crop system, want of rotation, and diversified farming, with horses, cattle, swine and sheep as the four corner-stones of successful agriculture.

In every section of the world where one crop is the money crop the lands soon deteriorate and must sooner or later be abandoned as unproductive. The advantages of the use of the crops produced in rotation for developing or fattening live stock or producing dairy products was fully discussed with the farmers and, in certain sections, the dairy husbandry question, building up the dairy herd, breeding, feeding, care and management, being most interesting to and desired by the farmers, received the major part of our time. As we have indicated, nothing can add to the interest in these particular subjects like a few animals, both good and poor specimens, from a dairy herd. We want to recommend that since so much interest seems to attach to object lessons in lecture work, whether it be lantern pictures,, animals or apparatus, that the visits of an agricultural train would be additionally advantageous and that the crowds would be larger with greater interest if a local committee was formed whose business it would be to secure for the half day's Farmers' Institute specimens of live stock, etc., to be used by the speakers for the enlightenment of the hearers. This committee would greatly assist in advertising the event, and might increase the interest and attendance, as was accomplished at Brookneal by a perfectly grand and thoroughly satisfying farmers' dinner, served in a tobacco warehouse by the attractive wives and beautiful daughters of the farmers. Such arrangements would cause all to look forward with greater pleasure to the return next year of the Better Farming Special Train.

V. P. I., Blacksburg, Va. WALTER J. QUICK,

Prof. Animal Husbandry.

RESULTS OF DEMONSTRATION WORK.

There was held at the hospitable home and farm of W. H. Dorin, Mount Laurel, Va., on Friday, November 13th, a meeting of the Farmers' Co-Operative Demonstration Workers, and some forty or fifty farmers gathered to see a demonstration of deep plowing and sub-soiling. A special agent of the Agricultural Department was present, and talked on several subjects, among them deep plowing, subsoiling, liming and seed corn.

At noon a light luncheon was served, and afterwards the farmers went to the field, and saw the plowing and subsoiling.

The farmers agreed it was necessary to prepare a deep and thoroughly pulverized seed bed, well drained; to break in the fall to a depth of eight, ten, or twelve inches, according to the soil, with implements that will not bring too much of the subsoil to the surface.

The demonstration plainly showed a depth of at least eight inches by turning plow, and ten to twelve inches more by the subsoil plow.

The presence of heat, air and moisture is essential to chemical and germ action in the preparation of plant food in the soil. The depths to which these penetrate the soil depend upon the depth of the plowing, provided the soil is well drained.

Mr. T. Stephen Canada, of this county (Halifax)., was induced to try this method of preparation for corn, and after applying one ton of lime per acre, and 500 pounds of pure raw bone meal, on land that had previously produced but twenty-five to thirty bushels per acre, this year gathered seventy-two bushels per acre, nearly 300 per cent, increase. Mr. Canada received the first prLe of $25.00, offered for the ki.'gest production per acre.

Another prosperous farmer, Mr. R. T. Edwards, tried the same method, and increased his yield from some twenty to twenty-five bushels to sixty odd bushels per acre, and fully demonstrated to his mind the advisability of deep plowing, subsoiling and liming. Mr. Edwards received the second prize for large production.

In the Farmers' Co-Operative Demonstration Work great stress is laid upon a more thorough preparation of the soil in the autumn, because in our Southern climate the frosts do not penetrate the soils sufficiently to open them and admit air. We must, therefore, do by plowing in the fall and by some winter cultivation what nature does in the colder North.

In the richest soils there is but little food ready prepared for the plant, and nature's plan is that this food shall be prepared more or less daily by the action of the air, the moisture in the soil, and the sun.

These three active forces cause the food to be prepared so that the plant can be properly nourished. This cannot be done without plowing and cultivating, to admit air, and the earlier this work is commenced in the fall the greater the effect it will have upon the crop the following season.

The effect of using good seed is not sufficiently appreciated, nor perhaps is it understood just what makes good seed. It must be the best variety, carefully selected early in the fall, and stored in a dry place.

The judicious use of commercial fertilizer is one of the most important matters in modern agriculture, for it furnishes plant food directly and indirectly to the young plants.

The most important factor relating to the permanent fertility of the soil is the abundant and judicious use of all the animal and vegetable matter that may be found on every farm.

It is to be hoped that every farmer reading this article will 'try to plow and subsoil at least two acres this fall and follow the Agricultural Department's suggestion, and thus show the possibility of raising Virginia's average from twenty to sixty or seventy bushels per acre.

D.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

1085

THE

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BY

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING CO.,

RICHMOND, VA.

ISSUED ON 1ST OF EACH MONTH.

J. F. JACKSON, Editor.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD, Business Manager.

B. W. RHOADS,

Western Representative, 844 Tribune

Building, Chicago, 111.

MANCHESTER OFFICE. W. J. Carter, 1102 Hull Street.

ADVERTISING RATES Will be furnished on application.

The SOUTHERN PLANTER is mailed to subscribers in the United States, Mexico and island possessions at 50 cents per annum; all foreign countries, $1; the city of Richmond and Canada, 75 cents.

REMITTANCES should be made direct to this office, either by Registered Letter or Money Order, which will be at our risk. When made otherwise we cannot be responsible.

SUBSCRIBERS failing to receive their paper promptly and regularly will confer a favor by reporting the fact at once.

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us •n any agricultural topic. We are always pleased to receive practical articles. Rejected matter will be returned on receipt of postage.

No anonymous communications or enquiries will receive attention. Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, RICHMOND, VA.

ENTERED AT THE POST-OFFICE AT RICHMOND, VA., AS SECOND-CLASS MAIL MATTER.

^E%

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PUBLISHERS' NOTES.

TO ADVERTISERS. Please bear in mind that we must have all copy or instructions for advertisements by the 25th of each month without fail. Every month we are compelled to omit advertising in large volumes for the simple reason that copy does not reach us in time.

A NEAT BINDER. If you will send thirty cents to our business office, we will send you a neat binder made of substantial Bristol board, in which you can preserve an entire volume of the Southern Planter. Many of our readers find this a useful device, as they always save their copies for reference.

WHOSE MONEY? On August 21st we received $1.00 in one of our return envelopes, postmarked, Painters, Va., without any name or address attached. We are, of course, unable to give the sender credit.

BACK NUMBER WANTED.

We will be very much obliged to anyone who will let us have a copy of the Southern Planter for March, 1907. Drop us a postal before sending it and we will remit for it. A perfect and clean copy is desired.

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.

The Fern Hill Poultry Farm starts the season's advertising this month. J. Wallace Snelling, Prop., is a top notch breeder all the time.

Morrill & Morley are advertising their Eclipse Spray Pump in another column.

The Evelyn Heights Farm is an addition to the ranks of poultry advertisers this month.

Blatchford's Calf Meal is advertised by S. T. Beveridge & Co.

Poultrymen will doubtless be interested in the advertisement of C. H. Dickinson, Luray, Va.

The old established seed house of J. M. Thorburn & Co. has an attractive announcement on another page.

The forthcoming Herndon Poultry Show is advertised in this number. Write A. H. Kirk, Secy., for catalogue.

Four very fine horses are offered by Mrs. G. M. West, Vinita, Va.

Dr. F. E. Williams, Ivy, Va., is offering some finely bred Berkshire boars at reasonable prices.

The great Richmond Poultry Show has an announcement on another page.

Poultry Srupplies.

If you want eggs during the winter, you must feed Animal Foods, such as

Meat Meal, Beef Scraps, Blood Meal,

Bone Meal,

to take the place of the insects, worms, etc., which poultry get in summer. OYSTER SHELLS and GRIT are also prime necessities..

Write for Prices and Catalogue telling -what to use for Success and Profit with Poultry.

T,W. Wood & Sons, Seedsmen,

RICHMOND, - VIRGINIA.

We carry complete stocks of Cyphers'

Incubators and Brooders, Poultry

Foods, Egg Producers, Lice and

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Most complete and instructive book of its character ever published in the South. It pictures and describes every part and particular of the greatest line of positively High-Grade Sewing 1 Machines ever offered. We are the largest Sewing Uachine distributors in the South, and, at prices asked, for qualify guaranteed, our Machines are un-matchable. This catalogue describes and prices high-grade Pianos, Organs, Steel Ranges, Cooking Stoves, Heating Stoves, Phonographs, Dinner and Toilet Sets. Prompt shipments, safe delivery and satisfaction guaranteed, or your money back.

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Special attention paid to out-of-town accounts. Correspondence invited. Three per cent. Interest Allowed In Savings Department Compounded Semi-Annually.

TTIE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

Southern

are beginning to realize the wonderful advantage to be gained by dairying.

1st. It benefits the soil and increases its value.

2nd. It insures a steady income.

The most successful dairymen use

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The Tubular appeals to Southern farmers because it fulfills, easily and well, the conditions prevailing in the South, especially where inexperienced help is employed.

The Tubular has been proven the ideal separator for the South —it stood the test right in your locality.

Catalogue 290 tells why. Write for it—sent free.

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Send your name to W. R. Todd, Sec'y, for a catalogue.

"After the Christmas Dinner," a very breezy little book suitable for a Holiday remembrance, is advertised by the Atwell Co.

Rhode Island Reds, good ones, can be had of L. E. Smith, Appomattox, Va.

The printers "pied" a line in the Wyandotte ad. of R. O. Berger last issue. See corrected ad. this month.

Myer & Son, Bridgeville, Del., are offering Angus cattle and Hackney horses at exceedingly fair prices.

Note the change in the advertisement of the Biltmore Farms on another page.

James M. Hobbs is offering some special bargains in both White Holland and Mammoth Bronze Turkeys.

Some very nice young Hereford Bulls can. be had of H. A. S. Hamilton & Sons.

The Standard-Bred Poultry Farms have an attractive announcement on another page. Their several breeds are kept on separate farms.

The Rockford Engine Works have an ad. in another column to which attention is asked.

The Cable Co. has a prominent advertisement on another page. Pianos, Organs, etc., of the highest quality are offered on easy terms for the home, school, church and public halls.

H. J. & C. G. Sanger have some poultry bargains announced on another page.

The Raney Canner Co. is offering its well known canning outfits and your attention is invited to tne advertisement.

L. D. Kline is offering Mammoth Bronze Turkeys and F'ekin Ducks, which he says are the best he has ever had on his farm.

A fertilizer Mixer is advertised by "B," at Box 197. Wilmington, N. C.

The Studebaker wagon is attractively advertised elsewhere in this issue.

We call attention to the advertisement of Deere & Co. This well known house makes a most popular line of farm implements.

Sashes, doors and blinds at bargain prices are offered by the Gordon Van Tine Co.

The Aermotor Co. has a striking advertisement in another column.

Harrison's Nurseries start the season's advertising this month.

J. J. H. Gregory & Son are advertising their old established seed business this month.

The Rochester Spray Pump Co. has a card in another column of interest to fruit growers.

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THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1087

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With Iron Age Riding Cultivators. You can doit easier and better, because they are built on lines that make this possible Hoes are under perfect control. Can regulat depth and keep noes desired distance from growing plants. More ftdvantag es in our Iron Age

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Implements Save yon money, 9. L. Allen * Co., Box 1107X, Philadelphia.

Sloan's Liniment, well known to hundreds of our readers, is advertised on another page.

The Bateman Mfg. Co., makers of the celebrated Iron Age implements, have several advertisements in this issue.

Deere & Mansur Co. have an advertisement on this page which should interest our readers.

POULTRY KEEPING O'N A FARM. (Continued from page 1075.) on farm, except bran, grit and a few powders. All eggs and chickens were sold to merchants at wholesale prices. Lowest price received per dozen for eggs, twelve and a half cents; highest, twenty-<eight cents. Price for young chickens, thirty-five cents a pound; lowest, ten cents a pound. I think the record a fairly good one, and one that can be made on any farm.

Will say to the readers of the Planter that I won first premium on wheat at the State Fair, in Richmond, which was $5.00 for best peck of any variety, grown by exhibitor. Will tell you later how I am running my farm.

Below is a statement of eggs and noultry sold and expenses: Amount received for eggs sold

in ten and a half months.. $ 64 07 Value of eggs used for table.. 12 00 Amount received for hens

sold 30 00

Amount received for young

chicks sold 92 10

Value of hens and young

chicks eaten 20 50

Total $218 67

Expenses.

40 bushels corn at 50c $ 20 00

20 Bushels wheat at $1.00.. 20 00

30 Bushels oats at 40c 12 00

1000 Lbs. bran ($20.00 per

ton) 10 00

Oyster shells 2 00

Flaxseed meal, etc 3 00

Total $ 67 00

Leaving a profit of $151 67

Or a little over $1.51% per hen. WM. F. COYNER, JR. Augusta Co., Va.

Franklin Co., Tenn., Oct. 6, 1908.

I bought a Galloway Wagon Box Manure Spreader last spring. It does good work, and I am well pleased with it. I tried it in all kinds of manure, and it save satisfaction in every respect. Do not see how I could do without it. All who see it! work are well pleased with it. It is all O. K.

W. H. RICH.

Brunswick Co., Va., Mar. 13, 1908. I like the Southern Planter and do not wish to miss an issue.

J. W. BAILEY, Jr.

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We make the only practical home mixer on the market. Will pay for itself first season. Write for circular. B—Box 197. Wilmington, X. C.

ENGINES FOR 3ALE.

Ten horse traction $250; 10 horse portable, $150; 12 horse portable. $200; « horse boiler and engine, $90; 1 horse gasoline engine, $40; 3 horse, $60; 6 horse, $125; 10 horse, $175. Boilers and nnglnes from 1 to 100 horse carried in stuck for Immediate shipment. Casey Boiler Works, Springfield, Ohio.

Rockford Engine Works.

Dept. 35, Rockford, 111. The Engine that will please you

Before you contract or buy write for o»r proposition Xeat-Xobby-Hnndy. All Styles 3 to 30 h. p.

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at Small Cost witn . WILSON'S PHOSPHATE »[U| From 1 to 40 H. P. AlsoMoao Cutters, band and powes for the poultrymeo; jrri» and shell tnilla, farm {Md mills, family grist mills, bo rap cake mills. Send tof aatalcff. v

Bret, Soft Ift^EutMi"!,

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

JTPERFECT POTATO PLANTING

Every farmer knows the importance' of proper potato planting. Here's a machine tnat doesit perfectly. Has none of the faults common 'with com-, mon planters. Opens the furrow perfectly, drops the seed correctly, covers it uniformly , and best of all never bruises or punctures the seed. Send a postal for our 1909 free Boofe.

'No Misses 'No Doubles NoTroubles

BATEMAN MFG . CO.. 167 P - Grenloch, N. J. ]

■miiMimmm—a-ra,, „ | i n i| III

.SAVE HIRED' HELPJ

Iron Age

[Improved Robbing]!

Potato Planter r

8 REASONS

■why you should buy the

Triple-Ceared, Double-Cut

Ball-Bearing

ITTO

Write for them. A few bushels of corn at present prices buys it and it's good for many years' work. It saves a fifth to a third of the feed.

No Money in Advance

Sold on a real free trial. Keep it if it works to your satisfaction. That's my safe plan for you. Grinds anything and does it fast and easy. Send for FREE catalogue now, to

G. M. DITTO, BOX 48, JOLIET, 1LLIN0ES

BUCKEYE FEED MILLS

Ife

There should be a Feed Mill [ on every farm. Ground grain is better assimilated, goes further and does more good. Economize by grinding it yourself, then it i will always be fresh and palatable. Buckeye MillB

GRIND EAR CORN

and all small grain. Strong, simple, | easy to operate. Many styles and i for Horse or Engine, Popular l among progressive farmers. In-' vestigate our Safety Steel Frame [ "Wood Saw. Write for catalogue and ask your dealer.

BUCKEYE FEED MILL COMPANY, BoxW,Springfield, Ohio

mm

It may be with a saw, but not so

when the KEYSTONE DEHORNER

is used. It cuts from four sidesat once; makes a sliding, sharp shear cut. Any stock-raiser can do it easily. No crushing or splintering of horns or tearing of flesh. Done in 2 minutes. Send for f ree booklet. M. T. Phillips. Bos 4 r , Pnmprnv, Pa,

Army Auction Bargains

Tents-$1.90 up Shoes - 1.25 " ARMY SADDLES 3.00 " Bridles - 1.00 " LegginSjPr. 15 "

Old Pistols - - - $ .50 up Officers' Swords, new 1.75 " Cavalry Sabres " 1.50 " Uniforms - " 1.25 " 7 Shot Carbine " 3.50

1007 MILITARY CATALOGUE, 2601arje pages, continuing thousands of beautiful illustrations—with 190S supplement, wholesale and retail prices. Mailed for 15 cents (stamps). 15 ACRES GOVT. AUCTION GOODS.

FRANCIS BANNERMAN, 601 Droadway, New York

WEPAYSSOlMTIISAUinr

and fkirnS&h rsg ond all expenses tf© «;i6roduco poultry and stock powders,; now pcan; Bfeady work. Address UiGLEri COMPANY. X378s SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS.

UNFAIR COMPETITION. Several Mail Order Houses, advertisers of ours, have called our attention to some very reprehensible methods by which they are being attacked by a class of merchants, principally in the West. It seems that these merchants have organized themselves into associations, whose principle business seems to be nosing around railroad stations and hunting for shipments consigned to some local farmer from one of these Mail Order concerns. Then they take the farmer in hand and undertake to dictate to him where he shall spend his money and otherwise browbeat and bulldoze him into "keeping his money at home." One of the favorite methods is to get some of their tribe to order goods on approval and then reject them, thereby inflicting a great deal of loss and trouble on the shipper. Another method is to get a few hundred of their henchmen to write for the enormous catalogues and file a list of articles alleged to be wanted for quotations, without the slightest idea of spending a cent. In other words, they do pretty nearly everything to harass these houses and make the farmers buy locally, except advertise in their local papers, hustle for the business, offer high-grade goods at low prices or accommodating terms or treat him fairly and squarely. The whole performance is a species of "Night Riding" which ought to be broken up. We have always considered firms like The Chicago House-Wrecking Co., and Montgomery Ward & Co. of Chicago a great bulwark between the farmers of the country and high prices.

AGRICULTURAL LIMB.

T. C. Andrews & Co., of Norfolk, Va. have just completed several large Lime Kilns and will manufacture all grades of Agricultural Limes. Attention is called to their ad. in this issue.

A PLACE FOR JEREMIAH.

A certain prosy preacher recently gave an endless discourse on the prophets. First he dwelt at length on the minor prophets. At last he finished them, and the congregation gave a sigh of relief. He took a long breath and continued: .

"Now, I shall proceed to the major prophets."

After the major prophets had received more than ample attention the congregation gave another sigh of relief.

"Now, that I have finished with the minor prophets and the major prophets, what about Jeremiah? Where is Jeremiah's place? "

At this point a tall man arose in the back of the church. "Jeremiah can have my place," he said, "I am going home."

BaRGAIISIS IN

2nd Hand Machinery,

THE WATT PLOW COMPANY, Richmond, Va.

1—16 H. P. (8x10 cylinder) Pitts En-srine and boiler. Mounted on Steel Wheels.

1—8 H. P. Geiser Engine and Boiler on wheels in first-class condition.

1—10 H. P. Geiser Engine and Boiler on wheels. In fine condition.

1—12 H. P. Geiser Engine and Boiler on wheels in good condition.

1—12 H. P. Ames Engine and Boiler on wheels.

1—20 H. P. Geiser Engine and Boiler on wheels In first class condition.

1—No 2 American Saw Mill with saw and belts as good as new.

1—No. 1 Lane Saw Mill with 52-inch saw, all belts. One swing cut off saw. Both in good order.

1—4-inch, 4-sided Molder.

1—22-inch Planer, Matcher and Mold-der complete with countershaft and pulleys.

We invite your correspondence and win gladly give any information desired.

THE WATT PLOW CO.,

1426 E. Main St., Richmond, Va,

rQ,

TKeAwl' For All

MAKE YOUR OWN REPABRS

Save the money you pay the harness man

by using Myers' Lock Stitch Awl. It stitches both sides like a sewing 1 machine and mends harness, saddles, shoes, fur coats, robes, canvas, gloves, carpets, etc., perfectly. Something constantly needed, always ready for use and costs only $1.00 prepaid. If your dealer hasn't it write us direct. Better still, securetheagency and make money. Agents wanted. ■ Booklet Efxee.

C.A. MYERS CO., 6537 Woodlaiffn Ave., Chicago

Steam, Gasoline and Water Power

Planers, Shingle Mills and Corn Mills

WE PAY THE FREIGHT.

Send for Catalogue.

DeLoach Mill Mfg. Co.. Bridgeport, Ala.

Box 2G5

:$60

GOES LIKE SIXTY

SELLS LIKESIXTY^ SELLS FOB SIXTY

GILSON

IGASOLENE

ENGINE

■or Pumping. Cream irators. Churns, Wash Machines, etc. FEEE TKIAL Askforcatalog-al! sizes

gilson mfg. co. 4 76 PhS St. Port Washington, Wis.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1089

ANNOUNCEMENT OP

FT

PAiE FENCE

"JUBILEE YEAR"

This is the Quarter - Centennial or "Jubilee Year" of Page Fence. To celebrate the twenty-five years* triumph of the Pioneer Woven Wire Fence, we are

Preparing a "Jubilee Edition" of the Page Fence atalog for free distribution. It is the most interesting, unique and valuable Fence Book ever printed. It tells the story of Page success, from the first fence sold to the present time, when over 800,000 progressive farmers own and praise Page Fence. Gives the reasons for the use of Page Fence by the Government as the highest standard of quality. Handsomely illustrated. Filled with important Fence facts. Send today. Its FREE.

■ factf

I Pa

Page Woven Wire Fence Co. Box 51C Adrian, Mich.

cj

Tour stock is kept inside and other stock outside if your pastures^ I are enclosed with

SUPERIOR WIRE FENCE

This is unquestionably the most substantial fence made owing to the high carbon coiled spring steel wire and the Superior Heavy W eight Lock used in its construction. t All styles, weights and spacings. Steel Gates for every purpose.

Low Prices Easy Terms Write for Free catalog.

THE SUPERIOR FENCE CO. Dept. J, Cleveland, Ohio |

BALL BEARING

AUTOMATIC

GATE

V NOT THE BEST '•AUTOMATIC GATE ON THE MARKET J SEND JT BACK

M0NEYREFUNDED IF NOT SATISFACTORY IN EVER.Y WAY

E.W. ADAMS,

STATION A, TOPEKA.KAN.

THE NEW CENTURY GATE

Can be opened or closed from your wagon by small child.gnrr.i No springs, no hinges, nocast|l^| ings, no cog-wheels, no wood, 'J '■\itt\ no saging. no draging. So sira- "W—1~— pie, so easy, no harness and almostno machinery; nothing to wear out or break, nothing to be getting out of fix! Not affected by drifting or deep snow, sleet or ice. Always ready for use and will last a life-time. A model of simplicity, durability and cheapness. If there is no Agent in your locality, please write New Century Steel, Wire & Iron Works,

«02 S. REGISTER ST. BALTIMORE, MO

ALWAYS IN ORDER

MANLOVE

Automatic Gate

.!o mm Saves time, adds

"""'«* to value, safety,

H beauty and pleas-

p ure of home.

MANLOVE GATE CO., 272 E. Huron St.,

CHICAGO, ILLS.

uLd^LuA LAWN FENCE

-- Many designs. Cheap ** wood. 82 page Catalogue free. Specia I Prices to Churches and Cemeteries; Coiled Spring Fence Co, Box Q Winohester lad

lijniMMMi hi"

Please mention the Southern Planter

___ REPORTS.

U. S. Department of " Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Bureau of Biological Survey. Circular 52. Directions for Destroying Pocket Gophers. Bureau of Chemistry. Bull. 1.14. Meat Extracts and Similar Preparations. Office of Experiment Stations. Experiment Station Record, Vol. xix, Nos. 11 and 12. Office of Experiment Station. Experiment Station Record, Vol. XX ■No. 1. Forest Service Circular, 152. The analyses of Turpentine by fractional distillation with steam. Forest Service, Circular 157. A primer of Conservation. Forest Service. Circular 135. Chestnut oak in the Southern Appal-chians. Forest Service. Circular 139. A primer of wood preservation. Circular 151. The preservative treatment of Loblolly pine cross arms.

Circular 154. Native and planted • timber of Iowa.

Bureau of Plant Industry, Circular 12. Dry land grasses. Office of Public Roads, Bulletin 34. Dust Preventatives. Bureau of Plant Industry. Circular 15. The Fertilizing Value of Hairy Vetch for Connecticut Tobacco Fields. Bureau of Statistics. Circular 17. Government Crop Reports: Their Value, Scope and Preparation. Farmers' Bulletin, 333. Cotton

Belt. Farmers' Bulletin, 334. Experiment Station Work, XL.VIII. Plant Breeding on the Farm; Sorghum for Silage. The Keeping of Apples; Forage Crops for Pigs; Profitable and Unprofitable Cows; Blackhead in Turkeys. Farmers' Bulletin, 335. Harmful and Beneficial Manuals of the Arid Interior. Farmers' Bulletin, 338. Macadamized Roads. Farmers' Bull. 329. Experiment Station Work—Improvement of Sandy Soils. Hogging off Corn.etc. Farmers Bull. 336. Game laws of 1908. Bureau of Agriculture, Department of the Interior, Government of the Phillippine Islands. The Phillip-pine Agricultural Review, Vol. I., Nos. 6, 6, 7. Arizona Experiment Station, Tuczon, Ariz. Bulletin 57. Timely Hints for Farmers. Circular 74. Timely Hints for farmers on Sheep farming. California Experiment Station, Berkeley, Cal. Bulletin 195. The California Grape Root worm. Bulletin 196. Eucatyptus in California. Bulletin 197. Grape Culture in

Investigate by Writing

For Our Free Book and Terms

$375 to $500

RcacJyto Use in All Weather*

BLACK MOTOR

Buggies for Service

Get our interesting "Black Motor Buggy" Book about the only motor buggies that are good city or countryroad "mudders" and "hill climbers" and built for practical use. No jarring—No blowups on tires—Speed 2 to 25 miles an houi—Run 30 miles on one gallon o' gasoline—Safe—Reliable — Especially equipped for professional use—10 horse power—' Get there" and "back again*' every trip, and save time, worry and expense. Right prices and terms. Write for Book A-221

BLACK MFG. CO.

124 E. Ohio St. Chicago, III.

HARNESS By Mail

Yon can liny custom-made r oak-tanned harness direct from >ur factory at wholesale prices ou save two profits—the oubber's and dealer's. Write for our new illustrated catalogue and see for yourself just how much money yon can save. All our harness is guaranteed, and we leave you to be the judge. If yon'renot satisfied,money back. Every farmer should have our booklet. Write to-day and ask for catalogue O.

THE KING HARNESS CO., 16 Lake St., Owego, Tioga Co., N. Y.

U.S.W. FIELD and HOG FENCE

Highest quality—superior lock—easily erected—strong—low priced.

Write us, stating what you can use and we will name you

special delivered price. HUMANE We make the largest line of poultry, _ lawn and field fencing in the country.

RANGER

REVOLVING

UNION

FENCE GOil Kansas'city, Missouri

For a 22-inch Hob Fence; lGcfor 26-inch; lt)c for 31-inch; 22 l-2c '£__ for 3±-inch; 27c for a 47-inch Farm Fence. 50-inch Poultry Fence 37 c. Lowest prices ever made. Sold on 30 days trial. Catalog-free. Writeforittoday.

KITSELMAN BROS., Box 14. MUNCIE, iSIB.

fAl VFQ" 11186 Them Without Milk.

v '■ rt ■ l , v E "' 3 Booklet Free.

S. T. Beveridge & Co, Richmond, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

f; 5or«iS*

Are you tired of mending your roof?

Genasco

Ready Roofing

is made of Trinidad Lake\ Asphalt and gives you long years of service. Doesn't dry-out, crack, pulverize, rot, nor rust. Saves you trouble, time, and money.

A written guarantee with every roll, backed by a thirty-two million dollar company.

Mineral or smooth surface. Ask any dealer, and stick for Genasco. Look for the trade-mark. Write for Book 62 and samples.

THE BARBER ASPHALT PAVING COMPANY

Largest producers of asphalt, and largest manufacturers of ready roofing in the world.

PHILADELPHIA New York San Francisco Chicago

The. FARMERS' GARDEN^

A Seed Drill and Wheel Hoe is in-i| dispensable—not only in a Tillage f garden but on largest farms.

Farmers should grow all manner of vegetables and "live on the fat of the land." Should provide succulent roots for Cattle, Swine, Poultry, and save high m ^^fOuiv One of 1

priced feed stuff. Great j± ^^W Many labor saving tools _"tf^ S Hron AgeTooll

of special value for the' home as wel 1 as the market garden. Send for free book.

Free to Agents

This Solely Tea Kettle. Just patented.

Greatest kitchen utensil invented. Enormous 6eller. Kig profits. $10 a day sure. Costs no more than ordinary kettle. Impossible to burn hands from steam. Contains no lid. Made of copper nickel plated. Wears forever. Just show to make sale Write for Free offer, illustrated book a.._ Selling Pointers to men and women agents, Act quick. Safety Tea Kettle Company, 33 Jefferson Avenue, Detroit, Michigan.

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement.

California; Improved Methods of Making Wine. Bulletin 198. The Grape Leap-hopper.

California Experiment Station, Berkeley, Cal. Circular 39. Instruction in Practical Agriculture at the University Farm, Davis, Cal. Cornell Experiment Station, Ithaca, N. Y. Bulletin 254. Drainage in New York. Bulletin 255. Bean Anthracnose.

Colorado Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Col. Bulletin 131. Arsenical Poisoning of Fruit Trees. Idaho Experiment Station, Moscow, Idaho. Bulletin 64. Planting Apple Orchards in Idaho. Press Bulletin No. 15. Information Concerning Alaska Wheat.

Kansas State Board of Agriculture, Topeka, Kan. Report for Quarter ending September, 1908. Profitable P'oultry.

Kansas Experiment Station, Manhattan, Kan. Bulletin 155. Alfalfa. Press Bulletin lfi3 Hessian Fly.

Louisiana Experiment Station, Baton Rouge, La. Bulletin 108. A Preliminary Report on Some Diseases of Chickens. Bulletin 111. Rotation Experiments with Cotton, Corn, Cowpeas, and Oats!

Maryland Experiment Station, College Park, Md. Bulletin 129. Silos and Silage in Maryland. Bulletin 130. Nurseries and Nursery Inspection.

Maryland State Horticultural Society, C. P. Close, Secy., College Park, Md. Public Meetings and Schedule of Premiums.

Michigan Experiment Station, East Lansing, Mich. Bulletin 251. Insects of 1907. Bulletin 252. Fertilizer Analyses.

Michigan Experiment Station, East Lansing, Mich. Circular No. 3. Corn Selection, Storing, Curing and Testing for Seed.

Minnesota Experiment Station, St. Anthony Park, Minn. Bulletin 111. Flour Bleaching. Press Bulletin, No. 32. Insects Affecting Wheat and other Grains in Minnesota, 1907-1908.

Nebraska Experiment Station, Lincoln, Neb. Twenty-first Annual Report.

North Carolina Experiment Station, West Raleigh, N. C. Bulletin 198. Handling and Marketing of Milk and Cream.

New York Experiment Station, Geneva, N. Y. Bulletin 303. Inspection of Feeding Stuffs.

Pennsylvania Experiment Station, State College, Pa. Bulletin 87. Some Poultry Experiments.

Purdue Experiment Station, Lafayette, Ind. Newspaper Bulletin 145. Results of Variety Tests of Winter Wheat.

Rhode Island Experiment Station, Kingston, R. I. Bulletin 128. A

SHIP flE YOUR

OLD METALS

HIDE5 RUBBER

SCRAP IRON

Car Lots a Specialty

50,000

Hides Wanted

Write for PriceB.

Satisfaction Guaranteed

No Commissions.

Oheckb Sent Same Day Freight Bills Abb Marked Paid.

Clarence Cosby,

Established 1890.

RICHHOND, VA

Largest Dealer in

Scrap Iron, Metals, Hides, Etc., in the South.

REFERENCES:

National Bank of Virgin > Bank of Richmond, Bradstreets and Dun

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

1091

STO1

WE BOY

WE ARE EXPORTERS.

5Tou don't experiment or donate a profit to a half-dozen middlemen when shipping to us. We pay the best prices for Mink, Lynx, Skunk, Coon, Otter, Pox, Mmskrnt and all other Raw Furs. We are an old and reliable house (Est. 1S72) in this, the largest, Quickest and l>est Raw Pur market in the V. S. or Canada. We remit promptly—positively free of any commission.

S'EJIK'E' Write for our Fur price List, r F5L.& a i s o list of Traps and Trappers' supplies, tags, etc.; also learn how you .■an pet. absolute'v FRER any one of our Five handsomely bound Trappers' guides.

BtTY A

BOSS FEED MILL

of

and save 1-3 of your grain.

They will grind faster, pull lighter wear longer than any other mill manufactured.

Sold on a guarantee, 10 days trial, if not as represented the money refunded. A full line of sweep and Belt Mills. Write for circular and price-list before buying any other mill. Manufactured by

J. C. WOODCOCK & CO., Litchfield, Ills.

KKTAL, Complete Fireproof

MOTHERS. Hatching and Brood-

ing Plant for $7.80; two quarts of oil will hatch and brood the chicks. Our nest system is the latest dis-' rovery. Full line of p ou 11 r y supplies. Lo-west prices. Fro* catalogue. Write to-day.

CYCLE HATCHER CO., Bex 40», Elmlra, New York.

Hatch Chfckeris By Steam !

PIANOS

"Excelsior " "and " ^Yooden lien"

Incubators hatch erery fertile egg. Kequire little attention; solve problems of heat, moisture and -ventilation. Catalogue free: GEO. II. STAHL, Box r<i B Julncy, 111.

- Bills to Collect -

In all portions of the United States. Mo collection, no charge. Agencies wanted everywhere; 36 years' experience. PALMORB'8 COLLECTION AGF.NCY, 911 Main St., Richmond, Ta.

Slightly used Steinwavs; 1909Model Lyon & Healys; and other remarkable Bargains. Lyon & Healy, 80 Adams St., Chicago. World's Largest Music House

Further Study of Soil Treatment in Greenhouse Culture. Bulletin 129. Experiments With Feldspathic Rock as a Source of Potassium. Bulletin 130. Analyses of Commercial Fertilizer. Bulletin 131. Further Soil Tests in Paraffined Wire Baskets.

South Dakota Experiment Station, Brookings, S. D. Bulletin 109. Rusts of Cereals and other Plants.

South Carolina Experiment Station, Clemson College, S. C. Bulletin 138. Analyses of Commercial Fertilizers.

Texas Experiment Station. College Station, Texas. Bulletin 106. The Production of Active Nitrogen in the Soil. Bulletin 108. Winter Bur Clover.

Texas Experiment Station, College Station, Tex. Bulletin 107. Commercial Fertilizers and Poisonous Insecticides in 1907-8.

Virginia Experiment Station, Blacks-burg, Va. Circular 4. Selecting Seed Corn.

Virginia Department of Agriculture, Richmond, Va. Bulletin 41. Annual Report of Commissioner and State Board of Agriculture.

Virginia Health Bulletin. Department of Health, 1110 Capitol St., Richmond, Va. Vol. I. No. 3. Typhoid Fever; A Disease that Can Be Prevented.

Fourth Annual Report of the Henry Phipps Institute for the Study Treatment and Prevention of Tuberculosis. Philadelphia, Pa.

Wisconsin Experiment Station, Madison, Wis. Bulletin 167. The University Dairy Herd—Management and Records. 1907-8.

Our Great Re-Building Sa le is Now in Progress I

TRAINING STRAWBERRY RUNNERS. The most common error made by the beginner in Strawberry growing is that of securing an "over-stand" of plants. Believing that the amount of fruit from a certain area will be in proportion to the number of plants and blossoms thereon, plants are frequently set close when starting the bed and the late runners brushed along by the cultivator instead of being removed. The area necessary for the full development of one plant is often occupied by three to five plants, which,, having a greater number of leaves, evaporate more soil moisture and after the first picking produce only small, inferior berries, often having hard, undeveloped tips. Hand thinning of plants is not advised, neither is it necessary, as a proper stand may be secured by spacing the plants when setting according to the growth and later training the runners to vacant spaces when hoeing and cutting off the late runners which extend into the walks.—Market Growers' Journal.

This Christmas

Your Desire

Gen Be Realized

Catch th.e spirit of the season and make up your mind now to write us at once, get acquainted with the prices, terms and the superior quality of our line of

PIANOS

AND

ORGANS

Don't let this Christmas pass without taking advantage of the

Special Holiday Bargains We Are Extending to Our Customers.

If you want a PIANO or ORGAN

FOR

The Church,

The School,

The Home

you will make a mistake not to write us. We have a most Complete stock.

Mason & Hamlin and Chicago Cottage Organs and the Famous Cable Line of Pianos.

No matter how much or how little you want to spend, we can give you the very best values for the money.

We are Southern JTeadquarters for the Victor Talking Machine and Records.

Mail Orders given quick attention.

THE CABLE CO.

213 East Broad, Richmond, Va. J. G. CORLEY, Gen'i Mgr.

j()92

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

Paint Without Oil

KemarkaMe Discovery That Cuts Down the Cost of Faint Seventy-rive Per Cent.

A Free Trial Package is Mailed to Evexy-one Who Writes. A L Rice, a prominent manufacturer of Adams.' N. Y., has discovered a process of making a new kind of paint without the use of oil. He calls It Powdrpaint. It comes in the form of a dry powder and all that is required is cold water to make a paint weather proof, fcre proof and as durable as oil paint. It adheres to any surface, wood, stone or brick, spreads and looks like oil paint and costs about one-fourth as

""write to Mr. A. L. Rice, Manuf'r., 2 North St., Adams, N. Y., and he will send you a free trial package, also color card and full information showing you how you can save a good many dollars. Write to-day.

lime to Paint

XBROj

_ RlCHMONDVA itoAf

Let us quote you prices on Paint that will give you satisfaction. Color cards and all information cheer fully furnished. "Write to-day. Llebermnth Bros. Richmond, Va.

Write for prices.

A Great Discovery. DROPSY

CURED with vegetable remedies; removes all symptom of dropsy In 8 to 20 days; 30 to 60 days effects permanent cure. Trial treatment furnished free to every sufferer; nothing fairer. For circulars, testi-. monials and free trial treatment DR. H. H. GREEN'S SONS, Atlanta, Ga.

write

LUMBAGO.

CURED BY

YAGER'S

CREAM CHLOROFORM,

EINIMENT

TIJYITjDlNCE^SSCTS.

Please mention, the Southern Planter

NEW OFFER ON FEED MILLS. Those who will need a grinding mill this season will be glad to learn that the Quaker City Grinding Mills, which have been so popular for over forty years, will be sold direct from the factory at manufacturer's prices this year. Having been sold through dealers heretofore, the change in policy will mean a material reduction in prices. Yet Quaker City Mills are better than ever this year, having new improvements for which patents are still pending. Besides, these mills will now be sent out on 10 days free trial to all responsible men. Another attractive feature of this new policy is to accept six months bankable notes instead of cash, as an accommodation when wanted. All this will mean more business than ever for this firm, and they are ready for it, having recently enlarged their plant and increased facilities in every way. They have still further increased the number of styles and sizes of the Quaker City mill also, until now, no matter what a man may want in the way of a grinder he will find that one of the Quaker City Family just meets the requirements, in style, size and price. The great demand for these mills is due to the fact that each has a wide range of usefullness, is easy to adjust for whatever grade of feed, meal or flour is desired, is extremely light running, so that large capacity is possible with little power. The forty-second annual catalog just issued by the Straub Co. is a splendid book, containing descriptions and illustrations of the various mills which makes every feature perfectly clear, and enables a man to pick out the mill suited to his needs without any trouble whatever. It also contains a good article on "The Profit In Grinding Grain for Stock." Those who think of buying a grinder should write for this book and investigate this liberal direct-from-factory offer. Address your requests to The Straub Co., 3739 Filbert St., West Philadelphia, Pa. Just mention the fact that you noticed this comment and would like to have more information.

The buyers of apples seem inclined to wait until growers are disposed to part with their fruit at lower prices than they now ask. There is a fairly good crop in eastern staies this year and the quality in most cases is fine. Growers think they should realize nearly as good prices as last year, when the quality was much inferior to that of the 1908 crop. On the other hand,, buyers believe that there is not enough storage room to accommodate all of the large crop and so they are content to wait.

At the market the call for nice red apples is good, but the tone of the trade in general is more nearly quiet than active.

AGRICULTURAL

LIME.

PLAIN ROCK

OR

SHELL LIME

BAGS OK BULK

SPECIAL FINE HYDRATED LIME

FOR DRILLING.

If in the market for any grade and any quantity of

LAUD LIME

Write for our pricelistparticularB.

T. C. ANDREWS & GO., Inc.

kills Prairie Dogs, Wood-Chucks, Gophers and Grain Insects. "The wheels of the Gods grind Blow, but exceedingly small." So the weevil, but you can stop their grind with

PUMA CARBON BI-SULPHIDH «,8 others are doing. It fumigates poultry houses and kills hen lice. Edward R. Taylor, Penn Yan, N. Y.

CATTLE INSTRUMENTS)

are "Easy to llse,'' no veterinary experience necessary. A lew dollars invested in our goods will save j hundreds of dollars. Pilling Milk Fever Outfit for Air treatment recommended by | U. S. Agricultural Deof.. price $3.00.' Silver Mill: Tubes 500; Tent Slitter $1 50; Garget Outfit $4.00: Capon Tools. Horse and Cattle Syringes, all sent pr»-1 id with full directions. Write for free Booklet. 2i , Areh «(.. PhilnoVlpbi

""iSL'E

FILLING * SONO<»..

SgsnDSSgmWEPvwgg

ECZEMA

CAN BE CURED. My mild, soothing, guaranteed cure does it and PEEK SAMPLE proves it. STOPS THE ITCHING and cures to stay. WRITE NOW—TODAY.

Dr. Canaday, 354 Park Sq., Sedalla, Mo. KILL SAN JOSE SCALE WITH

GOOD'S EffESSEZiSOMP NO. 3

James Good, 959 N. Front Street, Philadelphia.

Trappers—-Fur Traders

Ship your Furs direct to the World's largest Fur market, where prices are always highest. "Write for our latest Price List, giving highest prices for Furs and Pelts of all kinds from all sections. It's FREE.

MYERS-BOYD COMMISSION CO., St. Louis, Mo.

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement.

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTEE

1093

ma

MAIL

if you can't call on us in person. We maintain a MAIL ORDER DEPARTMENT in charge of a man skilled in the of interpreting orders by mail, with over 20 YEARS' EXPERIENCE in catering to the tastes and needs of our OUT-OF-TOWN CUSTOMERS. Our system of measurements is so simple that it's an easy matter to order; and we send goods anywhere on approval, which enables you to satisfy yourself about fit, quality and pattern before PAYING A PENNY ON THEM.

<t A word irom you will bring our NEW, HANDSOMELY ILLUSTRATED STYLE BOOK to your address, together with SAMPLES of many of our leading patterns in Suits; tape measure, etc.' State whether MEN or BOYS' samples are wanted. C, EVERY GARMENT STRICTLY GUARANTEED.

CWe handle the FINEST CLOTHES made in America, yet our prices are VERY LOW when you consider the quality.

MEN'S SUITS, $12.50 Up.

BOYS' SUITS, $3.50 Up.

BOYS' WASH SUITS, . 95 cts. Up. & CLERICAL GARMENTS a Specialty.

O.H.BERRY^CO

THE SOUTH'S LARGEST <£4M

CLOTHIERY

RICHMOND,

VA.

TTli" Ma y Press:

BlLj I HORSE and BELT M

jsaLJBim. power. d-M\\

38 styles and sizes off Presses,

For many years the standard. Lead in character of work, speed, easy and safe operating.; Don't buy until you see the Eli catalogue. 1 Mailed free.^ Write for it today.

.COLLINS PLOW CO., 1185 Hampshire St., Qulncy, Ills.

GET THE BEST

A'Good Spray Pump earns big profits and lasts for years

THE ECLIPSE

is a good pump. As practical fruit growers we were using the common sprayers in our own orchards—found their defects and then invented The Eelipse. Its success practically forced us into manufacturing on a large scale. You take no chances. We have done all the experimenting.

Large fully illustrated Catalogue and Treatise on Spraying—Free.

MORRILL, & MORLBY, Benton Harbor, Mich.

Defender Sprayer

All brass, easiest working, most powerful, automatic mixer, expansion valves, double strainer. Catalogue of Pumps and Treatise on Spraying free. Agents Wanted. J. F. Qaylord, Box 82 CatakUl, N. 7.

SENT FREE—A PRACTICAL BOOKLET THAT EVERY PARMER NEEDS. Just Write to the American Harrow Company, Detroit, Mich, for Your Copy.

Their free book on fertilization is chock full of dollar-making facts and ideas. Unless you already have one of their free booklets on the "Care, Value and Application of Manure'' and their 1909 American Manure Spreader Catalogue, it will be worth your while to write for them at once.

The Catalogue fully describes the famous American Manure Spreader, a machine that has stood the hardest of tests and proved its durability and dependability in all kinds of work, and under all kinds of conditions. It is the result of over twenty-five years of broad manufacturer's experience, and its many exclusive features are, every one of them, practical improvements.

The book on the care of manure gives information that will be of value to any farmer, whether he spreads manure by hand or with a machine, and it costs you nothing.

The American Spreader will pay for itself in a year or two, according to how much it is used, and it would save you a lot of hard, disagreeable work. One man and an American will do as much as three men and two wagons spreading manure in the old way—and do it better.

The American Manure Spreader is sold direct from the factory to your farm on a full month's approval test —on cash or on time payments—and is fully guaranteed.

The Detroit Tongueless Disc Harrow made by the same company is the greatest modern improvement in harrows. Doing away with the tongue, and providing a forward truck does away with all threshing of the tongue between the horses, side-draft and neck-weights, the things which put a horse out of commission just at the season when you need him most. You can turn shorter with the Detroit Tongueless and every horse does his share of bringing the machine about.

On this machine, you may also have an extra attachment, a Transport Truck, on which the machine can be mounted and transported from one place to another. This saves the machine when going over stony or sandy roads, bridges, etc.

The Detroit Tongueless Disc is sold direct to you at factory prices on thirty days' free trial. Catalogue is free; send for it to-day, and tell them whether you want a Spreader or Disc Catalogue or both, and be sure to mention this paper.

Address the American Harrow Company, 628 Hastings St., Detroit, Mich.

"SUNSHINE" SPRAYER

Do You Spray Your TREES, VINEYARDS,

PLANTS and

VEGETABLES ?

Fig. 825—Pump with automatic agitator and two spray leads.

Spraying is a necessity—

To spray properly a good Pump

is a necessity.

Our "Sunshine" Sprayer is, we claim, the only durable, heavy, first-class Sprayer that can he bought at a price within the reach of small fruit growers.

Write us for full circulars and prices.

descriptive

Always mention The Southern Planter when writing advertisers.

The Crestline Mfg. Co.

CRESTLINE PUMP WORKS

Crestline, Ohio.

ESTABLISHED 1903

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

Make Your Idle Money Earn You Interest

Write the FIRST NATIONAL, BANK

of Richmond, Virginia, for information concerning its certificates of deposit, so arranged that One Per Cent, may be collected every Four Month* through your nearest bank or store.

Our experience proves this form for savings to be the most satisfactory plan yet devised for deposits of JlOO.Ot or more.

Our Capital and Earned Surplus lr>

$1,600,000

John B. Puree 11, President. Jno. M. Miller, Jr., Vice-Prea. Cashier. Chas. R. Burnett, Asst. Cashier. J. C. Joplln, Asst. Cashier.

ABSOLUTELY SAFE d'/o BONDS

We sell strictly safe OKLAHOMA School, County, Municipal and Street Improvement Bonds. We pay 4 per cent, on deposits.

Guaranteed by STATE Laws of OKLAHOMA, Cap., $200,000 Write for Bond Circular B 16. OKLAHOMA TRUST CO., Muskegee, Okla.

FARMERS

Insure Your Buildings, Live Stock,

Produce, Etc, In Virginia Division

FARMERS' MUTUAL BENEFIT

ASSOCIATION.

Best security. Property insured, |500,(i00. Average cost per $1,04)0 per year, 15.00. Territory limited to counties of Chesterfield, Amelia, Powhatan, Nottoway, Dinwiddle, Prince George, Surry, Charleb City, New Kent and James City. For plan and membership write to

CHARLES N. FRIEND, General Agent,

Chester, Va.

Organized January 9, 1899.

ABOUT PATENTS!

(

LET US TELL YOU

Full Information Without Charge. Our free books tell WHAT TO INVENT and HOW TO OBTAIN A PATENT. Write for them.

Send sketch for free opinion as to patentability. We advertise patents for sale free. Patent obtained or fee returned. Highest class of services. Ask for our references.

WOODWARD & CHANDLEE,

Registered Attorneys,

1237 F. Street, Washington, D. C.

PATENTS m M%°lo

Send sketch for free report as to patentability. Guide Book and What to Invent, with valuable list of inventions wanted sent free. One million dollars offered for one invention; $16,000 for others. Patents secured by us advertised free in World's Progress. Sample free.

EVANS & WILKINS, 848 F Street, Washington, D. C.

THI5 PIEATED PANAMA DRESS SKIRT

WULTAIUWLD - FUUWiDIH - BUCK BLUE 8 BROWN OM 2HH.a THREE ilH. SILK FOlDS-AlWAtS SOU)<*1-i°» STATE SIZE 6 MAGAZINE YOU SAW THIS AD. IN,

SBNT PREPAID UPON RECEIPT OF 4l 98

BfWWISWW

THE GALLOWAY MANURE SPREADER.

Many of our readers are familiar with the advertising of the William Galloway Co., in which it makes some very strong claims for its manure spreader. Having had a great deal of inquiry on the subject, we decided to investigate the matter at first hand. So wrote the company for a list of users that we might ask them what they thought of it, or to give their experience with it. The company readily complied with our request, and submitted a list of some thirty or forty names—all readers of the Southern Planter. We wrote them as follows: "We understand that you are using a Galloway Manure Spreader. Would you mind telling us just what you think of it? Does it come up to its makers' claims?

Pretty nearly everybody answered, and their replies should certainly be exceedingly gratifying to the Galloway Company. It seems that all claims as to capacity, durability, lightness of draft and ease of operation are amply justified. The wagon box feature seems to appeal to all.

The fact that the spreader box can be attached to the running gear of any wagon, makes it possible for practically every farmer to own a spreader. The price is about fifty per cent, of most spreaders, and the work done, about 100 per cent, of any. We give below extracts from a few of the letters.

Oconee Co., S. C, Nov. 11, 1908.

I own a Galloway Manure Spreader, and would not have invested in it had they not made such a liberal offer to show me that it would do exactly the same work that the best spreaders in the land would do. It is well made and practical, has no complicated machinery and no complicated price. It is well and aggressively advertised, and has a man of brains and actual field experience behind it, and is amply guaranteed. Tt needs nothing more nut for more farmers to give it a trial and see exactly for th^ms^lves.

H. EUGENE FA NT.

Mathews Co., Va., Nov. 5. -ISO'S. I have a Galloway Manure Spreader which I purchased one year ago, and have used it for all kinds of manure, and it is giving perfect satisfaction. T never have anv trouble with it, and T think the Galloway people are all right.

GEO. G. HUNT.

Scott Co., Va.. Nov. 4. 190S. I have used the Galloway Manure Spreader for two years. It is ahead of any spreader I have ever seen work, and Is Hsrht on a team. Tt is the best investment I ever made in a piece of machinery, as it gives per feet satisfaction. I am not afraid to recommend it to my neighbors or

DO YOU HEAR WELL?

The Stolz Electrophone—A New, Scientific and Practical Invention for Those Who Are Deaf or Partially Deaf—May Now be Tested In Your Own Home.

Deaf or partially deaf people may now make a month's trial of the Stolz Electrophone at home. This is unusually important news for the deaf, for by this plan the final selection of the one completely satisfactory hearing aid is made easy and inexpensive for everyone.

This new in-

vention (U. S. Patent No. 763,575) renders unnecessary such clumsy, unsightly and

frequently harmful devices as trumpets, horns, tubes, ear

drums, fans, etc. It is a tiny electric telephone that fits on the ear, and which, the instant it is applied, magnifies the sound waves in such manner as to cause an astonishing increase in the clearness of all sounds. It overcomes the buzzing and roaring ear noises, and also so constantly and electrically exercises the vital parts of the ear, that, usually, the natural UNAIDED hearing itself 'is gradually restored.

Proniinent Business Man's Opinion.

Stolz Electrophone Co., Chicago.—I am pleased to say that the Electrophone is very satisfactory.. Being small In size and great in hearing qualities makes it PREFERABLE TO ANY I HAVE TRIED, and I believe I have tried all of them. I can recommend it to all persons ■who have defective hearing.—M. W. HOYT, Wholesale Grocer, Michigan Ave. and River St., Chicago.

Write or call at our Chicago office for particulars of our personal home test offer and list of prominent endorsers who will answer inquiries. Physicians cordially invited to investigate. Address or call (call if you can).

STOLZ ELECTROPHONE CO., 1534 Stewart Building, Chicago.

Branch Offices: Philadelphia Cincinnati. Indianapolis. Los Angeles, Seattle, Des Moines. Toronto. Foreign Office: 82-85 Fleet St., London, Eng.

^Feeds anc^ Fggdin^

AND

The Southern Planter

for only 93.IE, Including delivery of tho hook. This la Profoooor Henry** great work on Foods and Feodlnaj Btock and la tho rocognlmod standoff ovorywhoro. Bvory one with half dozen hoad of stock should novo It

Southern Planter,

Richmond, Va.

Pleaat* Mention the Southern Planter

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1095

Send Your Order For

SEEDS BULBS

and

POULTRY FOODS

to

DIGGS & BEADLES

THE SEED MERCHANTS

1709 K. Franklin St. RICHMOND, VA.

We are headquarters for superior Seeds of all kinds, also Poultry Foods and Supplies. Grit, Shells, Bone, etc. Write us for prices. Tour correspondence solicited.

me earneau i»ib"> 1 podded pea known. Quality of the best. SEED BOOK FREE Our new Seed Book sent to anyone. Write to-day. J.J.I*. GRE60RT 8 SON M»R8LEHE»0, MASS.

SEES*

If yon would

get the largest yield

your ground will give, plant ,

Gregory's Seeds. Always sold

under three warrants. Here's one

of the specials we offer this year :

EARLY MORN PEA^gSjjgL— the earliest, largest ^K 6E«BJH

new mm mmm

OWW «»F 1 MM H(M'f.

Fine stock of plant* for fall «•• llvwry. 8«nd for dascriptlv* circnl*) of the W«rd. For othsr nursery product* ■end tt^r g*nwral i>rtc« list. rKKD SBOOSMITH. Hoy*, Pa, and Cheater, Va.

Address either offt<:«.

m

, To prove tnat oujf

Blizzard Melt Ever-

.greens will grow in all parts "of thecountrv we offer to send , 6 Fine Spruces *4 to h ft. tall free to property owners. Wholesale value and mailing expense over 30 cents. To help, send 5 cents or not as you please. A postal will biinsr the trees and our catalog containing many colored photo plates of our choice Blizzard Belt Fruits. Write today. The Gardner Nursery Co., Box 105, Osage, la.

COW PEAS

AND

SOJA BEANS

New crop for sale. Write for prices. HICKORY SEED COMPANY, Hickory, N. C.

A Neat Binder for your back numbers can be had for 30 cents. Address our Business Department.

anybody that wants a good light draft spreader.

H. L. ANDERSON. Halifax Co., N. C, Nov. 4, 1908. I am using a Galloway Manure Spreader, and it is satisfactory in every respect, having fulfilled every claims the manufacturers make for it. J. H. DURHAM. We have pleasure in publishing this notice, as it seems to be a case of well-earned praise.

B. M. S.

THE AMERICAN SQUADRON ABROAD. The departure of the United States fleet on a world-wide cruise to the nations of the earth was an occasion of no small importance to our country. No such errand was ever undertaken by any nation before in the history of the world. It will undoubtedly demonstrate to our neighbors what a world-power we are, besides tending to cement more closely than ever our ties of friendship and goodwill with all peoples of the earth. This act may justly be regarded as a master-stroke of diplomacy.

And what an experience it is for those of Uncle Sam's boys who were fortunate enough to make the voyage; Think what an education it is for them to come in contact with the peoples and customs of so many different countries; and think of the experiences which they necessarily must have before they get back.

One curious incident has recently come to our notice by the receipt of a photograph from far-away New Zealand. It pictures Admiral Sperry, commanding the American Squadron, upon his arrival at Auckland. There, amid the throng gathered to do him honor, he stands receiving this British dependency's welcome under a roof covered with Genasco Ready Roofing, that American product made by the Barber Asphalt Paving Co., Philadelphia. It reminds us that the world Is not so large after all when we can travel to the antipodes and there find our old home-friends. The important fact which the Company emphasizes is the fitness of Genasco for use in pvery climate and every weather condition under the sun and the peculiar merit that this product of natural Trinidad Lake asphalt must have when it gains favor not only to so large an extent in our own country, but in the distant islands of the sea as well.

Genasco does have exceptional merit because it neither rots, rusts, cracks nor breaks. It defies heat, cold, acids, alkalies and every weather condition which a roof is subject to, and continues to sive lasting service in every quarter of the globe.

Augusta Co., Va., Dec. 27 ,'08 The Southern Planter is valuable and interesting, and I must have it. L. A. ZIRKLE.

PUBLIC SALE

Real Estate and Personalty

On December 19th, 1908, I will, as agent for the heirs at law of M. C. Thomas, deceased, proceed to sell at public auction, on the premises, at 10 o'clock A. M., that certain tract of land located four (4) miles east of Blacksburg, Virginia, on the waters of the North fork of Roanoke River, containing 396.5 acres. The land will first be sold in four separate parcels containing 148%, 97, 100 and 51 acres, respectively, and will then be offered as a whole. The tract of land consists of about 100 acres river bottom land, the upland being well set in blue grass, and the place is located within four (4) miles of stations on' two railroads.

TERMS OF SALE: One-fourth (%) of the purchase money to be paid in cash; the balance in three equal anual installments, with interest from the day of sale, the deferred payments to be secured by a lien on the land sold.

A copy of the map, showing the division according to which the sale will be made, can be seen by applying to J. Walker Slusser, who lives on the premises, or any additional information desired can be obtained by applying to me.

At the same time and place I will, as Administrator of M. C. Thomas, deceased, sell at public auction, the personal property on the place, consisting of live stock, farming implements, household furniture, etc. STANLEY W. MARTIN. Lynchburg, Va.

Jl»«» Acre

FARM [OR SALE.

At a bargain, 3 1-2 miles from Haxt Station In Charlotte Co. Well located. convenient to schools, churches, mills, fund stores, well watered by spring* ind branches, land well adapted to tobacco and all crops grown in this section. Only one new log cabin on the land; timber enough en the place to io necessary building. Price IS per acre '.lme given to suit purchaser.

Wo M. WATKINS, Saxe, Va.

Special Attractions 1»

LoudouFCountyrVa., Farms.

I will show you any farm for »mi« i In the County FREE OF CHARGE.

DeL. S. CRITTENUKN,

Broker, Ash bom. Va.

"In the Green Fields of Virginia/*'

Homes (or all; health for all; hnpftfirewK* and Independence (or i»U, .All »»»«-» «>C Farms at corresponding prlcect, but ALL, reasonable.

MACON & CO.. ORANGE. VA.

STRAWBERRY PXt*.NT<. Send $2 for 1000 plants—Excelsior; Lady Thompson, Aroma, Klondyke. Gandy, etc.—first class stock, true to name. 5,000 enough fo* 1 acre, only $8. Cat. free.

JNO. LIGHTFOOT, Dept. 7. Bast Chattanooga, Tenn.

THE SOTJTHEKN PLANTER

[December,

STOCK FARMS

A FINE FRUIT FARM.

97 acres of mountain land, very fertile 8 miles from railroad station; <s mites from good town; about 40 acres in wood; fine blue grass; spring; good house of five rooms; fine shade; plenty of fruit; barn and outbuildings in °-ood condition. Price only $1,500. Will sell half interest for $750 to one who has had experience growing and handling fruit. This is the most ideal location for a fruit farm in this section.

35. Ninety-nine acres two miies from station," in .Loudoun county, in high state of cultivation. Comfortable house of five rooms, fine stream and well barn that cost $1,000, good outbuildings. Price $5,500. Bargain.

41 Two hundred and sixty-four acres 4 miles from station in Loudoun county. Thirty acres in timber, artesian well, 3 never-failing springs; 7-room house, barn and outbuildings fair. A fine stock farm, paying 12 per cent on investment, in high state of cultivation. Price $6,300 on easy terms.

51. Three hundred and thirty-five acres a very desirable farm, in good section of upper Loudoun, 7 miles from station; 200 acres in grass, 35 acres timber, soil clay loam, especially adapted to grass, finely watered by springs and running streams, well fenced by wire and rail into convenient fields, choice fruit of all kinds, 14-room dwelling of brick and frame, fronting on well-shaded lawn; large basement barn and all necessary farm buildings. This is a first-class grazing farm, and in good condition. Is offered at a bargain to settle estate. Price $6,500 if sold at once.

54. Three hundred and fifteen acres in good' locality, 8 miles from electric line, 5 miles from station on main line of Southern Railway, 50 acres of timber and wood, balance in good state of cultivation; chocolate clay soil, very productive, land rolling, well fenced, water in every field, 6-room dwelling, small tenant bouse, 2 small barns and corn house. This will make one of the best stock farms in the county. Price $22 per acre, on easy terms.

55. Two hundred and seventy-seven acres in good state of cultivation, just rolling enough; in a good neighborhood, 4 miles from railroad, in Loudoun county. Seventy acres in timber, mostly oak, part of it first-class; faces on two roads, has been operated as a cattle, sheep and hog farm for 25 years. On account of old age the owner is offering his farm for much less than its true value; is well fenced, 2 houses in first-class condition—one 10-room house, the other 6 rooms. Large barn and all necessary outbuildings. Price $8,000. One-third down, balance to suit.

Write for new IA&t. Farms in Northern Virginia, Loudoun and Fairfax Counties. Stock Farms a Specialty. Please wire me at my expense when you are coming.

A. H. BUELL, Herndon, - - Va.

RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE

FARMERS' NATIONAL CONGRESS,

MADISON, WIS., 1908.

"That we hereby favor the movement for the better conservation of the natural resources of the country, especially the conserving of soil. The movement to stop wanton waste has not commenced a moment too soon. We commend the far sighted statesmanship of President Roosevelt in calling the Conference of Governors to consult on this important subject and endorse the aims and purposes of the national conservation commission.

"That we positively re-affirm our previous endorsements of an extension of the parcels post believing that it will benefit all the people, especially the farmers, without increasing the postal deficit. We further urge all farmers, both individually and in their organizations, to press their demands upon their Congressmen by letters and petitions.

"That the manufacture and sale of intoxicating liquors is detrimental to the prosperity and morals of the American people, and that we favor the prohibition of the manufacture and sale of such liquors except for medicinal and scientific purposes and except denatured alcohol.

"That we urge upon the Congress of the United States the passage, at its next session, of a law that will provide for the improvement and development of all worthy river and harbour projects and the practical completion of such improvements within the next ten years, and to this end we favor an appropriation of net less than fifty millions at each session of Congress until said improvements are completed.

"That we endorse the efforts of the national and State forestry bureaus in reforestation and work to conserve the forests of the nation. We urge all good citizens to help cultivate a more earnest public sentiment in favor of advancing this most important subject. We favor and endorse the Appalachian reservation project.

"That we re-affirm our demands of 1897 and 1903 for postal savings banks.

"That we commend the pioneer and highly effective work done by the colleges of agriculture, organized under act of Congress in 1862 for training young men and women in the sciences relating to agriculture, mechanical arts and domestic economy, and we view with pride their continued growth and expansion, and we call on thoughtful parents to freely patronize these institutions of higher learning, and we do urge upon the legislatures of the respective States the necessity and the wisdom of supplying these colleges with financial support in keeping with the liberal federal endowments already granted to these useful State institutions. "That we again heartily approve

SELECTED OFFERINGS IN

VIRGINIA REAL ESTATE

$20 PER ACRE.

Contains 250 acres, about 60 in timber, balance in grass and under cultivation—situated in Loudoun County, Virginia, one-half mile to railroad station on two public roads—Land is gently rolling, stream of lasting water running full length of farm, well at house, apple orchard in bearing of> about two acres (winter apples), six room house, abundant shade, garden and small fruits, barn 25 by 30, crib, hen house, all in good condition.

$25. PER ACRE

739 Acres—two and one-half miles to /ailroad station. 125 acres in oak timber—balance in grass and under cultivation. Clay soil, fencing good, two large barns good as new, all outbuildings, new 8-room house, abundant shade and nice lawn, two tenant houses. Well at house, also one at each barn, running streams of mountain water in every field, grows from 50 to 60 bu. corn per acre, 17 to 22 bu. wheat, and graze from 100 to 150 head export cattle annually.

$25 PER ACRE.

134 acres—34 acres in timber, balance in grass and under cultivation, \y 2 miles to railroad station on ,two public roads, land gently rolling, soil red clay with stiff clay sub-soil, seven-room house, two barns and all outbuildings all in good condition, well watered, well at house, also one at barns, running stream of lasting water orchard of about 3 acres consisting of apple, peach trees and small fruits. GEO. W. SUMMERS, Sterling, Va.

FARMS

For Sale.

If you want a farm to «■*■,,« grasf, grain, stock, fruit or tobacca, buy fram us. Chocolate aoll with red BUbaoll. Address

W. W. BARNES A CO., S.ASD AND TIMBER AGHNTSS,

Amelia Courthouse, Va.

irginia Farms

Handsome Country Homes and Hlgh-

Grade Farm Lands a Specialty.

J. E. WHITE, "THE LAND MAN,"

Charlottesville, Va.

130 ACRE FARM

For Sale 8 miles from Richmond, 1 mile from depot on steam and electric railroad. Good dairy and truck farm, about 70 acres cleared, rest in timber. Cannery on next farm. For particulars address,

R. E. BUTLER, Drewry's Bluff, Virginia.

Please mention The Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1097

Attention

HOMESEBKBRS AND INVESTORS.

I sell and exchange Virginia Real Estate of all classes, such as Grain, Dairy, Fruit, Stock, Truck, Poultry and Bluegrass Farms, Village Homes and Business Places of all classes. The reason I make a specialty of the two suburban counties—Loudoun and Fairfax—they offer the homeseekers more advantages combined than any country known to me. This fine portion of Virginia, extending from the national capital to the top of the Blue Ridge Mountains, is not only beautiful and healthy, but is very accessible to Wash ington and Alexandria cities by rail and pike, which gives all producers a fine home market.

My facilities for locating you in this section of Virginia are second to none. State what kind of property would Interest you. I have a large number and great variety of properties, and can very likely suit you. New catalogue and map mailed free on request.

W. H. TAYLOR, Herndon, Va.

229A.—1% mile from R. R. Sta. $3,500. Running water, county road front and other attractions. MO A.—large orchard, barns, dwelling, farm fenced into fields and other improvements. Land In high state of cultivation—Price $4,000. 82 A.—near electric line, necessary buildings, running water, fine truck and poultry farm—$2,600. 488 A.—Valuable river farm—2 ml. from R. R. station.—$7,320. Write for complete list.

FRANK H. COX, Resident Agent. Ashland, Va

MARYLAND

AND

VIRGINIA

fARMS NEAR WASHINGTON. Onsurpass'ed as money-makers; best place on earth for farmers, dairymen, stockmen or poultry men; mild climate, seat markets In country; highest prices; no such word as "Fail" for industrious man. Big bargains here now. 8,600 places to select from. Catalogue free.

THE SOULE CO., Washington, D. C.

Largest Farm Dealer* In the Sooth.

Old Virginia Farms.

Climate and ProductlTenesa unexcelled. Largest sale list In Stats. For full particulars and Free Catalogue address

CASSBLMAN * OOMPAJTY,

RICHMOND, VA.

REAL ESTATE FOR SALS.

From the Mountains to the Ocean. Catalogue free. Loans made on farms. Established 1875.

GEO. E. CRAWFORD A CO., 1009 E. Main Street.,

RICHMOND, VA. Branch, Norfolk, Va.

the bill introduced in Congress by Hon. C. R. Davis, of Minnesota, to inaugurate in secondary schools of the several States the industrial education first established by the Congressional land grant, act of 1862, which resulted in the founding of our State colleges of agriculture, mechanic, arts and domestic science.

"That the secretary of this Congress be instructed to correspond with all other important farming and educational organizations and with associations concerned with home economics, urging such organizations to join with the Farmers' National Congress in securing for this bill the friendly and active support of every member of Congress in order that we may thus bring this much needed form of industrial education close to the homes of the farmers and other industrial classes in every State."

Other resolutions were adopted, including one commending the work of Legislative Agent John M. Stahl, of W. L. Ames, and resolutions of condolence in respect to departed members. Among them was a resolution in praise of Madison to the effect:

"That the most hearty and sincere thanks of the Farmers' National Congress are due to all who have in any way contributed to making its 1908 session, held at Madison, Wis., a record breaker in attendance and interest. We are under deep obligations to Mayor Schubert, ex-Mayor Groves and the people of Madison for their hospitable and courteous treatment. We are especially indebted to President C. R. Van Hise and the agricultural faculty of the University of Wisconsin, notable Dean Russell, Professor R. A. Moore, A. S. Alexander and A. R. Whitson, for their efforts to make our visit enjoyable and profitable, and for the places which they have taken on our program.

"Our thanks are also due to the speakers who have honored us with their words of instruction, to the newspapers who have so faithfully reported our meetings, to the Woman's Club for its social functions, to our wives and daughters."

BOG SPAVIN.

Charles E. West, Gotebo, Okla., writes, November 15, 1907: "I am in receipt of your letter of recent date. I purchased your Absorbine from the •druggist and applied it according to directions as given for Bog Spavin and had grand success One bottle was enough to do the work.

Absorbine penetrates to the seat of trouble promptly and effectually, without blistering or removing the hair. Does not require the horse to be laid up. Mild in its action, but positive in its results. It will give you satisfaction. $2.00 a bottle at druggists. Manufactured by W. F. Young P. D. F., 109 Monmouth Street, Springfield, Mass.

RARE BARGAINS

IN

Northern VirginiaFarms

A Few Specimens:

No. 162. Contains 280 acres—80 acres in timber, balance cleared. This land is a splendid quality of grass, hay and corn land. It is smooth and level. Fronts on a good level road ZYz miles from station. Farm Is very well fenced and watered by streams with a good well at the house. About one acre in orchard, apples and peaches. Buildings: A new six-room house, barn 30x40 for horses and cows, corn crib and hen house. 75 acres of this land is in meadow. This a bargain for a progressive man. Price $5,000.

No. 172. Contains 315 acres—40 acres in oak and hickory timber; 5 miles from station, situated near the village; considered one of the best wheat and grain farms in Fairfax County. The land is a little rolling; machinery can be run all over it. The land is all In good state of cutivation; well fenced and watered by springs and running streams. Improvements are a good 7-room house with elegant shade, good stable and all out-houses In good repair. Price $20 per acre.

No. 176. Contains 346 acres, about 70 acres in timber, mostly oak and hickory, situated 1 mile from store, school church, shops, etc.; 6 miles from R. R. station. This land is a little rolling and is a fine quality of chocolate clay soil, excellent for grass and grain of all kinds. Good orchard of about 200 apple trees. Farm is well fenced and watered by never failing streams. Spring in every field. Improvements: A good 2% story dwelling with 8 large rooms, 4 attic rooms, basement, barn. 40x70, in good repair, other out-buildings, all in good condition; farm is located on good road, and about $10,000 is subscribed to macadamize this road to the railroad station. Price per acre. $30.00.

No. 193. Contains 156 acres, smooth land, chocolate clay soil, with good stiff clay subsoil, just rolling enough to drain well, 30 acres in good timber, balance cleared, watered by running stream, very well fenced. In good neighborhood located 7 miles from railroad station, in Loudoun county, sufficient fruit of all kinds for family use, 5-room house in fair repair, other small outhouses in good repair. Price $3,000.00.

No. 194. Contains 175 acres, 25 acres in good timber, balance is cleared, 9 acres in orchard in full bearing, good six-room house, old barn, good granary, hen houses, dwelling in a grand oak shaded lawn, spring at house, farm watered by streams and springs, situated on good pike. One hour's drive from Leesburg, Va. Owner is anxious to sell. Price $3,500.00.

Send for my Complete List,

Wm. Eads Miller,

HERND0N, VA.

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

[December,

VIRGINIA FARMS

$8 per Acre and up

with improvements. Good productive soil, abundant ■water supply and best climate on earth. Near railroad and good markets with best church, sciool and social advantages. For list of farms, excursion rate» and our beautiful pamphlet showing what others have accomplished, write to-day to P. H. LA BAUME, Agrl. and Indl. Agt., Norfolk & Western Ry., Box 500 , Eoaaoke. Va.

"iQirniuia arid <Q\\io %ini/1

400 ACUE STOCK FARM $5,000.

300 acres cleared on which to graze stock and grow hay and grain; 100 acres in thrifty pine and oak; several creeks and springs supply never-failing water; 2-story, 6-room house, piazza; also cottage; pretty shade; two barns, stable, ice house, poultry house, tobacco sheds; one-fourth mile to school and store; must be sold immediately to settle estate and price is cut to ?5,000 — $3,200 will be left on easy terms; see details, page 16 "Va. List 21," copy free. E. A. Strout Co., Scotts-yille, Va.

ANTED

To hear from owner having A tiOOD FARM.

For sale. Not particular about location. Give price and description and reason for selling. State when possession can be had. Will deal with owners only. By my unique plan of selling properties you pay not a cent of commission to any one. Write to-day for full particulars. Right now I have more customers for farms than I have farms for sale. If you want a quick sale let me hear from you immediately and I know you will be pleased and surprised with my new methods of bringing buyer and seller together. L. DARBYSHIRE, Box 443. Rochester, N. Y

STANDING TIMBER

For sale—A splendid piece of oak and pine timber on about 100 acres of land 1-2 mile from station, good hauling. About 500,000 feet is the estimate Will sell in a lump or have it cut on shares, taking 1-3 of hauling price for my part. The wood also can be handled with a good profit.

W. M. WATKINS,

Saxe, Va.

Mill for Sale.

Up to date, 36 bailer, water-power, roller mill and saw mill, in good grain section, close to schools, good brick dwelling, garden and spring. Will be sold cheap.

DIXON BROS., Lexington, Va.

Please mention The Southern Planter.

SOMETHING N E W—L ATE IMPROVEMENTS IN STOVES.

The newest and latest improvement in base-burner construction is the hot air flue which takes the cold air off the floor, passes it up through the stove, throwing out hot air at the top, creating a circulation that will change the air in a room fifteen feet square every forty minutes. This was not had by the old-style construction. The Hoosier Stove Co., of Marion, Indiana, have just built the latest thing in this line. The hot air flue in Hoosier Stoves is guaranteed to have fifty-four cubic inches more heating capacity than any stove heretofore put on the

market, and it is said on account of this improved hot air flue to heat at least one room more, with the same amount of fuel, than the old-style make of corresponding size. One can easily see the advantage of getting a stove with these new improvements, as the saving in fuel will soon pay for the cost of a stove. The Hoosier Stove Factory is located at Marion, Indiana, 102 State St., and to any one that will send their address on a postal the Hoosier Stove Company will mail free one of their sixty-four-page catalogues and quote their lowest factory prices direct to you. "They allow you to try a Hoosier Stove or Range thirty days free in your own home," and will send it to you freight prepaid, so that you are not out one penny. If you need a stove you should try one of these before buying.

INVALUABLE.

Rosendale, Man., Jan 20, 1908. Dr. B. J. Kendall Co.

Enosburg Falls, Vt.

Gentlemen,—Would you kindly send

me your Treatise on the Horse and

His Diseases? I have used your

Spavin Cure and find it invaluable.

Respectfully,

JAS. T. BLACKFORD.

SOUTHERN

POULTRY

GUIDE

This is Cal Husselman's great Poultry Book, now on press. It is freely illustrated with numerous useful and handy homemade accessories to the poultry business. It contains his 40 years' experience as a poultryman It is the best poultry book ever printed and just what you want. It contains more plain, everyday common sense about the chicken business than you ever read. 150 pp., cloth bound. Price? We will almost give it to you. Just send $1 and we will enter your order for the book and throw in a year's subscription to the Southern Plantei. Book will be out before December 1st.

SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond Va.

134 ACRES ON RIVER $1,700.

Fine location for stock raising'; good pastures, hay and crop fields; estimated to be 5,000 cords of- wood, 200,000 ft. oak and pine timber; apple orchard; 2 story house; excellent spring water; 3 miles to town and R. R.; owner has other business and price is cut to $1,700, part cash and easy terms. See full details page 22, "Va. List 21," copy free. B. A. Strout Co., Scotts-ville, Va.

Virginia Farms

« iST SELECT LIST, and in »li u»

tioas of the State.

PRBB CATALOOUE.

R. B. CHAPPIN & CO., lac.

Richmond, Va.

FARMS. Mineral and Timber Lands.

Free list on application. W. A. PARSONS A CO., 1527 East Main St., Richmond, Va.

Davie Hotel Bids;.

Farms, Orchards, Timber,

'otton Lands in Virginia and the South ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION Society, Charlottesville, Va.

"AFTER THE XMAS DINNER."

A delightful, fascinating and laughable little book. Just the thing for a Christmas remembrance, only 25 cents.

THE ATWELL CO , Richmond, Va.

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1099

What's It Worth?

Kendall's Spavin Cure

Luna, Ark., June 23,1907. Dr. B.J. Kendall Co., Dear Sirs:—Please send me your "Treatise on the Horse." 1 have 30 mules and have found Kendall's Spavin Cure to be the greatest liniment ever used. It has been worth $500 to me in the last three years. Yours truly, J. P. Uoodwin.

No other horse remedy Is so powerful or so generally used the world over. Tested over a generation, never found wanting. Cures, without blemish, Spavin, Curb, Splint. Ringbone. Swellings. Lameness.

Price $1 a bottle: 6 for $5. Au excellent liniment for household use. Sold by druggists. Ask them for free book, "Treatise on the Horse" or write to

DR. B. J. KENDALL CO.. EN0SBURG FALLS, VT.

Fistula

■ and ^

Any person, however inexperienced, can readily cure either disease with

Fleming's

Fistula and Poll Evil Cure

—-even bad old cases that skilled doctors l have abandoned. Easy and simple: no cutting; just a little attention every fifth day—and your money refunded If it ever fal'o. Cures most cases witnin thirty days, Icdng the horse sound and smooth. All particulars given in

Fleming's Vest-Pocket Veterinary Adviser.

Best veterinary book for farmers. Contains 192 pages and 69 Illustrations. Durably bound in leatherette. Write us for a free copy.

FLEMING BROS., Chemists,

880 Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 111.

ABSo

RBINE

109

Cures Strained Puffy Ankles,Lymphangitis, Poll Evil.^f istula, Sores, Wire Cuts, Bruises and Swellings, Lameness, and Allays Pain Quickly without Blistering, removing

the hair, or laying the horse up. Pleasant to use. $2.00 per bottle at dealers or delivered. Horse Book 5 D free. ABSORBINE, JR., (mankind.sl.00 bofr

v tle.)For Strains,Gout,VaricoseVeins.Var-icocele.Ilydrocele, Prostatitis, kills pain.

W. F. YOUNG, P. D. F., Monmouth St., Springfield, Mass.

8MTI»fO»EA«I

temper u4 ladigestta* Cnv* A veterinary Remedy forwiikf throat and stomach IxoabSt* Strong recommend*- $10© p* can.ofdealers orexp. prepfcH The Newton Remedy Oe Toledo, Ohio.

FREE SAMPLE OF A STRONG ROOFING.

Farmers wiho are buying ready roofing on the strength of the appearance of a sample often overlook the important feature of the density of materials.

The densest roofing on the marker is Amatite; that is, it has the most stuff packed into it for its thickness. Amatite could, no doubt, have been made twice as thick without using any more material to the square foot, but it would then be more porous and more open to the penetration of air and water.

Instead of that, Amatite is pressed under great rollers till it is as tough and dense as it can be made. The weight per roll tells the story. Investigate this before you buy. Full information and sample will be sent in reply to a postal addressed to the nearest office of the Barrett Manufacturing Co., New York, Chicago, Cleveland, Allegheny, Kansas City, St. Louis, Minneapolis, Philadelphia, New Orleans, Boston and Cincinnati.

You Can't Talk

THE YOUTH'S COMPANION FOR 1909.

The amount of good reading given to subscribers to The Youth's Companion during the year is indicated by the following summary of contents for 1909:

Fifty .star articles contributed by men and women of wide distinction in public life, in literature, in science, in business, in a score of professions.

Two hundred and fifty capital stories, including six serial stories; humorous stories, stories of adventure, character heroism.

One thousand up-to-date notes on current events, recent discoveries in the world of science and nature important matters in politics and government.

Two thousand one-minute stories inimitable domestic sketches anecdotes, bits of humor, and selected miscellany. The weekly health article, the weekly woman's article, timely editorials, etc.

A full announcement of the new volume will be sent with sample copies of the naner to anv address on request. The new subscriber for 1909 who at once sends $1.75 for the new volume (adding 50 cents for extra postage, if he lives in Canada,) will receive free all the remaining issues for 1908, including the double Holiday numbers; also The Companion's new Calendar for 1909, "In Grandmother's Garden," lithographed in thirteen colors.

THE YOUTH'S COMPANION. 144 Berkeley St. Boston, Mass.

HORSES

Going Blind. Barry Co., Iowa City, la. Can cure.

Campbell Co. Va., July 29, '08. I never saw an issue of the Southern Planter that was not worth the whole year's subscription.

M. C. HEATH.

^

it too strong. What? = Gombault's =r

Caustic Balsam

As a Liniment

For the Human Body

Springfield. 0., Sept. 19, 1904.

Lawrence-Williams Co.,Cleveland,0.—Lewis Evelsiz-er, Urbana, R. F. D., a farmer,had a bad cancer on back of bis hand. When I firet saw it he was on his way to havo his hand amputated. I persuaded him to first try GOMBAULT'S CAUSTIC BALSAM, which he did, and on second application could rest well at night—the first for weeks. In less than three months he was at work on the farm. He will certify to this statement over hit signature. Then Mr. Jenkins, storekeeper and postmaster at Seth, O., had a bad cancer on his cheek-bone. I saw him at a grange meeting and told him to use CAUSTIC BALSAM twice a day, rubbing it in for five or ten minutes. In three months it was healed over and Is now all sound. These two are all that I have the address of just now. I have had CAUSTIC BALSAM used on old shin sores. One man had walked with crutches for more than a year, and several pieces of bone had come out. I persuaded him to try CAUSTIC BALSAM, and today you "vould not know he was ever lame. Then, it is a sure cure for piles, using it with sweet oil. I could tell of dozens of cases where I have induced diflerent ones to use CAUSTIC BALSAM. I have been the means ol more than fifty bottles being bought, because I know just what it will do. You can't talk tt up strong enough. I wish you success.

R. L. HOLMAN,

1 In charge Co-operative Work of Ohio State Grange.

Price $ 1.60 par bottle. Sold by druggists, or sent by us express prepaid. Write for Booklet H.

The LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS COMPANY. Cleveland. 0.

"RAMA" MEAT MEAL

85 per cent. Protein, 7 per cent. Fat

is a

POULTRY FOOD

Free from preservatives, chemicals or foreign matter of any description. It is a meat builder, bone-maker and EGG PRODUCER. It is the lean fibre of beef, clean and pure, appetizing and odorless. Thoroughly dry, ready to feed, or may be used in the mash, as you prefer. Sample on request.

Sack, 100 lbs. - - - $3.25.

RICHMOND ABATTOIR,

Box 267, Dept. M Richmond, Va.

Send for the "Rarva" Booklet.

PRACTICAL FARMING"

Prof. W. F. Massey's latest and best nook Is now on sale. It retails for $1.60, and is worth It. We shall be very pleased to send you a copy at ibove price and will include a year's subscription to The Southern Planter. Remember, we deliver the book and give you a whole year's subscription for the price of the book, $1.60. SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va.

A Neat Binder for your back numbers can be had for 30 cents. Address our Business Department

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

EDGEHILL POULTRY FARM,

Luray, Va. C. H. DICKINSON, MANAGER

Eggs for hatching from the 1 following high ^ scoring birds: |Dunston strain White Wyan-| dotte, Silver

Laced and Partridge Wyandotte, Bilt-more Barred Plymouth Rock Buffl and White Plymouth Rocfe Whitman strain Brown Leg-

horn, Cornish Indian Games, Buff Orpington, R. C. R. I Red s ; Northrup strain Black Min-orcas.. Price, $1 for 15. Special prices for large quantities. A few choice Trios for sale. Cockerels $1.25 to $2.00. Pullets $1 to $1.50. I have quite a large number for sale and my birds are finer than ever. Satisfaction guaranteed.

Carroll Menefee FANCIER

Sperryville,

Virginia

Offers for immediate acceptance a select assortment of Fancy Cockerels and Pullets of each of the following varieties:

Black Langshans, White Faced Spanish, White Leghorns, Silver Spangled Hamburgs, S. C. R. I. Reds Red Pyle Games, S. C. Black Minorcas, Buff Wy-andottes.

This is an excellent opportunity for those who wish to start in the business or improve their poultry—as nothing but fancy stock is offered.

Member and Va. Secy. National Black Langshan Club.

Member American Black Minorca Club, R. I. Red Club of America.

SPRING HITCHED

COCKERELS

AND

PULLETS.

of the following breeds.

SILVER LACED, and WHITE WY-ANDOTTES;

S. C. RHODE ISLAND REDS, WHiTE and BROWN LEGHORNS.

FINELY BRED, VIGOROUS STOCK. Write for prices.

At Va. State Fair in Rich., Oct. 6-10, we won 14 ribbons, including 7 blues, on above breeds.

ELLERSON POULTRY YARDS, J. W. QUARLES Pro p. Ellerson. Va.

Wilmont Dairy and Poultry Farm.

First class breeding stock from the S. C. R. I. Reds (Tompkins and De-Graff strains) $1.00-$1.50 each. Special rates in large lots. B. P. Rock pullets (Bradley strain) $1.00 each; $11.00 per dozen.

Satisfaction always guaranteed. MRS. F. E. WILLIAMS, Charlottesville, Va.

Always mention The Southern Planter when writing advertisers.

HINTS BY MAY MANTON.

The work apron that is really protective and practical is the one that wise women demand. This one is just as well adapted to the artist and the studio as it is to the housewife, and will keep the gown of either fresh and free from soil no matter what the occupation of the moment. In the illustration it is made of gingham, but many women like butcher's linen for the purpose, as it is durable and grows handsomer with each washing, and plain colored linens and cham-brays share the honors with the figured ones and with percale or any one of the simple printed wash fabrics.

The apron is simply made, is full and gathered and allows a choice of

HERNDON

POULTRY SHOW

Second Annual Exhibition.

Herndon Poultry - Association -

6131 Work A p. on, 32 to 42 bust.

To be Made With High or Square

Neck, Long or Three-Quarter

Sleeves.

the high neck with collar or a square one and of three sorts of sleeves— the long ones with deep cuffs, the long ones with straight bands, and the three-quarter ones finished with bands. It consists of the yoke and the skirt portion, which is gathered and joined thereto. When the high neck is used the roll-over collar completes it. The sleeves are full and whatever the length or the depth of the cuffs they are gathered at their upper and lower edges.

The quantity of material required for the medium size is 9% yards 27, 7 yards 36 inches wide.

The pattern 6131 is cut in sizes for a 32, 34, 36,38, 40, and 42 inch bust. Price 10 cents.

HERNDON, VA. Jan. 13, 14, 15, 1909.

Liberal Cash Prizes. Beautiful Ribbons. Silver Cups and Gold Specials. Entries close Jan. 8th. Write for premium list.

H. A. Sager, Prest. A. H. Kirk, Sec'y,

Box 44.

"RINGLET"

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS

EXCLUSIVELY.

E. B. Thompson's celebrated strain. My birds won at Richmond Show, 1908, 1st and 3d Cock; 1st and 3d Hen; 1st Prize Pen and Association's Special for BEST DISPLAY in Barred Rocks. They cannot be excelled in egg production, size, vigor and beauty. My breeding Cockerels at $2.50, $3.00 and $5.00 each; some exceptionally fine ones at $8.00 and $10.00 each. Good breeding Pullets at $1, $1.50, $2 and $3.00; extra fine ones at $5.00 each.

Satisfaction guaranteed.

LESLIE H. McCUE, Box 4, Afton, Va.

Barred, Buff and White

PLYMOUTH ROCK PULLETS

A. C. Hawkins strain, from prizewinners at Richmond Poultry Show, 1907; also S. C. White Leghorns, heavy layers. Cockerels from any of these breeds. Eggs and baby chickens in season.

SYSONBY GARDENS, Inc. Petersburg, Va.

VALLEY FARM

BARRED P. ROCKS

S. C. B. LEGHORNS

Large and better stock; Ringlets and Forsyth strains. Write me your wants.

CHARLES C. WINE, Mt. Sidney, Va.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS,

E. B. Thompson's Celebrated Strain.

A few Fine Cockerels ror sale; also

Thoroughbred Polled Angus Bull Calf.

Reasonable Prices.

C. Neale Stacy, Amelia, Va.

B. P. ROCK ROOSTERS.

A grand lot of fine birds. Buy now. Price low. Forty other breeds. Big catalog, 10c. List free.

JOHN E. HEATWOLE Box L. Harrisonburg, Va.

Please mention the Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1101

Berger's

White Wyandottes

The leading strain of heavy layers and noted winners at Va. State Fair, 1908, in strong competition. 1st and 5th cocks; 1st, 2nd and 5th hen, 5th cockerel 5th pullet, D. J. Lambert, Judge. A few more choice cockerels and pullets for sale. Correspondence

solicited.

R. O. BERGER, (City Address) 10 No.

20th St. Richmond, Va.

THE NATIONAL

White Wyandotte

Club of America

Offers to its members only, a handsome Silver Cup for best display of White Wyandottes at the Richmond Show, Dec. 7-12, 1908. Send in your application at once, with membership fee of $1.00 for one year to State Sec'y, R-O. Berger, 16-N. 20th St., Richmond, Va.

TAYLOR'S

WHITEWYANDOTTES

White Holland Turkeys and White

Muscovy Ducks.

Win where shown. Pullets now far

sale at $1 each.

R. RANDOLPH TAYLOR, Hickory Bottom Farm, Negrofoot, Va. R. F. D. 2., Beaver Dam, Va.

Poplar Hill Poultry Farm

S. L. WYANDOTTES

A choice lot of youngsters now ready for shipment. Cockerels,

$1.25 to $1.50 each. Pullets, $1. and $1.25.

Mine are not only high scoring birds, but egg producers. Satisfaction to every customer.

DR. H. H. LEE. R. F. D. No. 4 Lexington, Va

50 Pure-hred S. L. WYANDOTTE

Pullets and 12 Cockerels for sale, $1 each or $10 per dozen. Satisfaction guaranteed or birds may be returned at my expense. J. H. SHAW, Bracey, Va.

Glenview Orpingtons,

S. C. BUFFS EXCLUSIVELY.

I will not sell any eggs for hatching next season. If you want some of the best stock of Orpingtons In the South, BUY NOW. Prices reasonable. State your exact wants. B. S. HORNE, Keswick Va.

MISS LOUISE V. SPENCER, Blackstone, Va.

Headquarters for pure-bred R. C. Rhode Island Reds.

Stock for Sale. Member R. I. Red Club.

The fad of the one-piece garment has extended to the realm of underwear, and the drawers that are made in one piece are the latest shown. .In the illustration they are trimmed with frills of embroidery and with those of the material trimmed with insertion and both styles are equally correct. The feature of the garment is to be found in the perfectly smooth fit at the waist line combined with abundant flare at the lower edges. All materials that are used for underwear are appropriate.

6016 One-Piece Circular Drawers, 22 to 32 waist.

The drawers are cut in one piece and are circular in shape. The upper edge is finished with an under-facing that is stitched to form a casing at the back portion, and in this casing tape or ribbon is inserted to regulate the size.

The quantity of material required for the medium size is 1% yards 36 inches wide, with 3 yards of embroidery, 4 yards of insertion; or 2% yards 36 inches wide with 5 yards of insertion when frills are of the material.

The pattern 6016 is cut in sizes for a 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, and 42 inch waist measure. Price 10 cents.

Address The Southern Planter, Richmond, Va.

Pure-Bred.

Barred Plymouth Rocks

Hens, Cocks, Pullets and Cockerels for sale; one Mammoth Bronze Tom-also Poland-China Pigs. Low rates to quick buyers.

Piedmont Stock and Poultry Farm,

Miss E. Callie Giles, Prop. Whittle Depot, Va.

RINGLET

Barred Plymouth Rock

Cockerels, E. B. Thompson strain, $2 to $5 each. Satisfaction guaranteed.

A. J. S. DIEHL, Port Republic, Va.

HOW TO MAKE POULTRY PAY.

There's no great secret about it. It's more a matter of plain, everyday common sense than anything else. Remember, first, that your hens are confined and can't help themselves. If you give them^ liberty and unrestricted range they would solve their own problems without your help. But, being confined in yard or house, it becomes positively necessary that you replace natural conditions by something so much like them that the hen won't know the difference. In other words, you must help her to get out of grain, meal, milk, meat, or whatever you feed, the elements she would help herself to.if she were out in the fields picking at grass and leaves, insects and worms. This isn't impossible nor is it difficult. "The Dr. Hess Idea," put in practice, is a com-

S. C. White Leghorns

First prize Pen Pullets; 1st prize

£ en J? e i ls ' J rd Hen - 5th Cockerel at Va. State Fair, 1908. Stock and eggs for sale. 66

W. R. TODD

426 N. 6th St. Richmond, Va.

ROSE COMB

RHODE ISLAND RED

Pullets from prize-winning stock

for sale Orders for eggs received, $1 for 15; 3 sittings for $2.50. Place order early.

L. E. SMITH, Appomattox, Va.

Walker's

WHITE ROCKS.

Fischel's Strain Direct.

Am booking orders and can make prompt delivery of breeding pens, pullets and cockerels. Finest stock I p have ever raised. Glad ii to answer inquiries. C. M. WALKER, Herndon, Va.

BLACK

LANGSHANS

Some nice stock for sale. . JOHN C. ADAMS, Bristol, Va.-Tenn.

FOR

Bl&CK L&NGSHANS

of quality write to A. M. BLACK,

Tazewell Va.

SPRING BROOK POULTRY FARM. Cnlpeper, Va., H. H. Scott, Prop

Breeder of Northrup strain Black Minorcas, Whitman strain of Brown Leghorns, and the best Silver-Laced Wyandottes. Have been breeding Black Minorcas seven years, always with the best type In view. Stock and Eggs In season at very moderate prices, considering the quality. Write me for prices and full particulars.

A neat Binder for your back numbers can be had for 30 cents. Addrent our Business Department.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

breeders of ARISTOCRATS ONLY.

Barred Plymouth Rocks, Black Minorcas, S. C. Brown Leghorns, S. C. White Leghorns

For sixteen years I have bred these birds on my farm with free range. They have constitutions; are essentially aristocrat egg-shellers; have, and jj can, hold their own against the arrogant boast of any blue-ribbon winners. Have won prizes running from first to fourth, wherever shown. Highest scoring male, feniale and ten highest scoring fowls in the show. Never had better quality nor more vigorous utility. A few Cockerels of each variety at $2.50 each, all strictly first-class birds. Shipped on approval.

EGGS $1.50 PER SITTING.

Address J. WALLACE SNELLING, R. P. D. 1, MANCHESTER, VA.

(Yards, Stop 9, Richmond-Petersburg Trolley.) <SM °° i _«s=f?'3?"i" ,c *

v ^ ESTABLISHED 1893.

Fall Sale Now On.

PEKIN DUCKS WHITE GUINEAS

WHITE WYANDOTTES

TOULOUSE GEESE

Bred from winners at Madison Square, Jamestown Exp., Phila., and State Fair.

Clearance sale White Leghorns, celebrated Wyckoff strain, 75c each. EVELYN HEIGHTS FARM, W. W. Thomas, Prop. Catlett, Va.

JOHN'S RIVER FARM. Berkshites and Wyandottes.

Will book orders for a limited number of Berkshire pigs for early spring delivery.

Send me your orders for extra nice, large, Silver-Laced Wyandottes at $1.25 each. For further information address;

JOHN M. HARSH AW, Proprietor, Collettsville, N. C.

Indian Jlunner Ducks.

The greatest layers on earth, easy to rai.^e, no lice. Prize winners Va. State Fair. Also R. C. Reds and S. C. B. Leghorns.

MRS. R J. GRASBERGER,

ItlllUpHMM, Va.

WHITE] HOLLAND TURKEYS

and WHITE CHINA GEESE.

$5 per pair; White Guineas, $2.50 per pair, all bred from our prize-winners.

WHITE POILTRY YARDS, J. P. Duustoii, Prop., Lorraine, Va.

A Few Fine MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS

for sale, both old and young. Prices right to early buyers.

W. C. SHACKLEFORD, JR. Stony Point, Va.

Please mention the Southern Planter.

nlete answer to the whole poultry problem.

Dr. Hess has shown, beyond question, that everything hinges on the perfect performance of the digestive function. That is, cause your hens to digest, without unnecessary waste, the greatest possible amount of the food given, and there will be no lack of needed elements for either growth or egg production.

It is a mistaken idea to think that a hen will do this any way. She can't without the assistance of a tonic, because her overtaxed organs sooner or later refuse to accomplish their office, under the continued strain of heavy feeding and the inactivity of confinement. Right at the very start, then, the poultry man should begin a system of care and feeding that will render impossible any such trouble as this.

We spoke a moment ago of the necessity of helping the hen to get from her food while confined the elements she would get if allowed to forage for herself over the fields at large.

Poultry Pan-a-ce-a—a true tonic— makes this possible because it increases digestion. By increasing digestion you also increase assimilation. The more food digested the more the hen has to use, and the fuller the egg basket.

If it fails you are no loser, for you get ypu'r money back; if it does for you what it has done for others you will get substantial profits out of the poultry industry.

We notice everywhere that rich soil is a great help against bad seasons. It is a good thing, when we pray to the Lord for good weather, to be backed up with plenty of manure and of the right kind.

MAMMOTH

BRONZE TUBKIlYSS

57 beautiful, pure-bred toms and' hens for sale.

ENGLISH SETTER PUPS.

Good ones, Blue "Belton strain. Also Berkshire Pigs entitled to registration. Write your wants. MRS. GEO. M. WEST, Vlnlta, Va.

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS

and Pekln Ducks. Turkeys of Wolf. Bird Bros., and other strains.' Duck.-* of Rankin and other strains. We have the largest and finest birds this season that we have ever bred.

Shenandoah Valley Stock Farms, Leslie D. Kline, Vaucluse. Va.

A Few FINE TURKEYS

for sale. Well developed birds. Bronze with slight trace of Wild.

MRS. P. H. WILKINSON Route 1 Alexandria. Va.

Pure-Bred MAMMOTH

BRONZE TURKEYS

For Sale. Write for prices.

J. A. Reidelbach, Bucknert), Va.

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS

and

GOLDEN WYANDOTTES

Cockerels and Pullets.

C. P. GARTH, Prottlt, Va.

ST. BERNARD PUPS

of Imported and Prize-Winning Stock, for sale. For particulars, address E. F. HENKENIUS. Tyler, Hanover County. Va.

Always mention The Southern Planter when writing advertisers.

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTEE

1103

Fine ANGUS Calves

AT FARMERS' PRICES.

Several 15-16 Grade Angus Ball Calves ready for service. Will make superb bulls for grading up herds.

Several Registered Angus Bull and Heifer Calves. Fine Individuals, whost development has been pushed since the day they were dropped.

Two beautiful registered yearling Angus heifers, just bred to our herd bull, at $60 each.

Two splendid 3 months old registered bull calves, at |40 each.

All these calves will be sold at farmers' prices. Write at once If you want one of them.

W. M WATKINS, Saxe, Charlotte County, Va.

ANQU8 CATTLE. SOUTHDOWN SHEEP. E88EX PIGS.

Three fine bulls, 4 mos. to 2 years old; one choice 5-year-old cow, bred; a number of young cows. A few early spring lambs left. A number of young pigs for November and December delivery. All stock first-class. Prices reasonable L. G. JONES, Tobaccoville N. C.

WALNUT HILLS HERD

Reg. Angus Cattle

Yearlings and Calves for sale. J. P. THOMPSON, - ORANGE, VA.

REGISTERED

DEVON BULL CALVES

FOR SALE. From the largest and best herd of pure-bred Devons in East Va. J. P. TALIAFERRO, Caret, Va.

Devon Herd Established 1884. Hampshire Down Flock Established 1880.

DEVON CATTLi

BULLS AND HEIFERS,

HAMPSHIREDOWN SHEEP,

RAMS AND EWES.

ROBERT J. FARRER, Orange Va.

VALLEY FRONT FARM.

Sassafras, Gloucester Co., Va.

I have a nice lot of registered Here ford Bull* and Heifers, for sale at farmers' prices. Also a number of grade Heifers and cows. My herd represents best Btralns and choice individuals.

Wm. C. Stubbs, Prop.

Ingleside Herefords

Polled and standard bred—200 head in herd. All ages, both sexes. Write for catalogue and prices. Inspection invited. Farm near Alderson, W. Va., on C. & O. R. R. Address. S. W. Anderson, Blaker Mills, W. Va.

FOR MORGAN COLTS

BETTER SAUSAGE—MORE LARD LESS WORK.

Probably there is no more disagreeable work connected with farming than "Hog Killing." Butchering is a disagreeable job, but the preparation of the meat for winter keeping making sausage and trying out lard, involves downright hard work of the roughest kind. Much of this labor can be avoided by having proper tools, and nothing will prove more effective than an "Enterprise" butchering outfit, consisting of an "Enterprise" Meat and Food Chopper and an "Enterprise" Lard Press and Sausage 'Stuffier.

These are labor-saving devices of incalculable value, but they also increase the earnings from your hogs. This outfit will pay for itself in one season.

The "Enterprise" Meat Chopper chops meat quickly, uniformly and perfectly. It cuts the meat without crushing or grinding so that each minute piece will retain all of its natural goodness and flavor.

This increases the value of your sausage—it's better flavored—better tasted in every way and will command a better price.

The drudgery of lard rendering and the hard work of sausage stuffing are overcome by the "Enterprise" Sausage Stuffer and Lard Press. You get more lard and better lard with this machine than in any other way, with one-tenth the work.

The "Enterprise" Sausage Stuffer has a patented corrugated spout whioh prevents air entering the casing, thus assuring the preservation of the sausage. You can't stuff sausage skins as effectively by hand nor with any other machine.

A most practical and economical way of increasing the yield from poultry is to get an "Enterprise" Bone, Shell and Corn Mill. Put a few cents' worth of dry bone, old shells or corn into an "Enterprise" Bone Mill and it will increase its value tenfold as a poultry food.

There's no food so good for poultry as variety nor a way to save money so easily as to grind your poultry food, using an "Enterprise" Bone Mill.

Send your name and address to The Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Pa., 223 Dauphin St., Philadelphia, for a copy of the "Enterprising Housekeeper." This is a cook book containing over 200 choice recipes and other practical kitchen helps.

and Fillies and Hlgh-Bred Fox Hound Puppies. Address,

Dr. JOHN D. MASSENGILL, Blountvllle, Tens.

A TJSEiFUT, SOUVENTR. The Planters' National Bank, Rich mond, Va. is sending out a very neat and useful souvenir in the shape of a leather match case. Along with it they send a statement of the financial condition of this old established institution, wherein is shown that as a safe and conservative depository it is not excelled in the South. Look up the ad.

U S. SOLDIERS HOME FARM,

Washington, D. C.

Sons of a 32.25 pounds sire. We are offering Holstein bull calves, sired by the only living son of the great Fre-nesta Hengerveld De Kol. Butter 7 days 32.25; average fat 4.70. Out of granddaughters of De Kol 2nd's Butter Boy 3d, De Kol 2nd's Mutual Paul and other noted sires. At farmers' prices.

Farmington Stock Farm

(Owned by Warner Wood's estate.)

Short Horn Cattle.

Yearling HeiferB and young bulls for sale at farmer's prices. Pedigrees furnished. Trains stop on farm. First station west of Charlottesville, C. tt O. Ry. Write for further particulars to P. E. McCAULEY, Mgr. Birdvrood, Va.

PURE-BRED

SHORT HORNS

A nice lot of heifers and a couple of roan bull calves for sale at a bargain to quick buyers.

J. F. CAMPER,

Springwood, Va.

RARE OPPORTUNITY.

To secure pure-bred stock. Chester White, Poland-China and Berkshire Pigs | Jersey Bulls and H«lfera; Lin-coin, Hampshire and Shropshire Down Sheep | Scotch Collie Dogs. Variety ef poultry. Send 2-cent stamp for circular. EDWARD WALTER, West Chester, Pa.

THOROUGHBRED

BERKSHIRE BOARS, JtHSEY BULL CALVES, DORSET BUCK LAMBS.

Him of Calves, FLYING FOX, •E4K, •on of Flying Fox, who sold for »;'»•«• •t the Cooper sale, 1»»I.

All stock in best condition and guaranteed as repre»«nt»<)

F. T. ENGLISH. Geatrevdle, M4L

ft

| Edge wood Stock Farm

"DORSET SHEEP

Our lambs are coming again, so we are ready to book your orders. Don't delay writing. Our lambs are out of large, strong-boned ewes and sired by rams descended from the best blood in England. Give us a trial. We can please you. Addre=?. H. H. ARBCCKLE. Maxwelton, W. Vn.

WOODLAND

FARM

DORSETS.

We can spare a choice lot of young ewes, coming yearlings. Write for prices before they are gone.

J. E. WING * BROS., MechnnloKlinrsf O.

ANGORA GOATS.

FOR SALE—1 buck and 10 does, healthy and in good order. Price for the lot, $50. Buck not akin. Going out of business.

DR. E. L. TOMPKINS, Lee, Va.

C. & O. R. R.

THE SOTTTHEKN PLANTEE

BLUE RIBBON

BERKSHIRES

Herd headed by Virginia's Premier Rival, first prize boar in his class at Va. State Fair 1908, in strong competition. Few boars have attracted more attention. He has a strong arched back, is evenly and heavily quartered, with a short wide, and well dished face, nicely proportioned, in style, finish, and quality is not surpassed by any young boar. His qualifications compare more closely with Lord Premier Rival than any of the noted sons or grandsons of this famous sire. Gilts for sale bred to this boar for March and April farrow, nice lot fall pigs for sale, also B. P. Rock cockerel and pullets, large Pekin drakes. Send for circular. E. F. SOMMERS, Somerset, Va.

THREE GRAND YOUNG

BERKSHIRE BOARS

Seven months old, by Charmer's Premier 94553, out of a fine registered sow. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. Price $15 each—worth $25. F E, WILLIAMS, M. D., Ivy, Va.

TAMWORTHS.

The lean bacon hogs—pigs, bred sows, and service boars, all registered and of best blood. BERKSHIRES.

Fine pigs and service boars entitled to registration and of blue ribbon stock. Am out of Poland-China pigs at present. J. C. GRAVES, Barboursvllle, Va.

SUNNYSIDE BERKSHIRES.

Boars in service. "Premier Duke," ■on of Premier Longfellow; "Peerless Premier," sired by Lord Premier IIL, and imported "Hlghtlde Commons." Also a number of sows rich In Premier blood. Prices reasonable.

W. R. Walker, UNION, S. O.

STERLING HERD

REG. DUROC-JERSEYS AND TAMWORTH SWINE

Baroe Boars ready for serviee. R. W. WATSON, Petersfcwrg, V*.

QUALITY

Poland - Chinas.

Lest you forget we have the best breeding and individuals in P. C. blood in Va. at farmers' prices. Young pigs and bred sows "the best ever."

A son of the "King of Them All" at head of our herd. Write us your wants.

H. B. BUSH & BRO., Mlchnux, Powhatan Co., Va.

CHESTER WHITES Best hogs on earth. Pigs now ready for fall delivery. Stock A No. 1 Satisfaction Guaranteed. S. M. WISECARTBR, Rnstburg, Va.

Please mention The Southern Planter.

[December,

MODERN CONVENIENCES.

Comparatively few people recognize the fact that in this day and age, with the aid of modern machinery, they may have all the conveniences of the city at small expense for the first cost and maintenance. "We refer to the use of pneumatic and elevated tank water supply systems by means of which a country home may have hot and cold water in each room of the house and at the stables, barns, etc. These conveniences are a great luxury to the farmer's wife and the day is rapidly approaching when no one can be without them. By means of a gasoline-gas machine an excellent quality of gas light can be had in the house, and from the same machine gas can be obtained for operating a gas range or stove and a gas engine and pump. Where such an expense is not advisable, the hot and cold water can be obtained by the means of a gasoline engine and pump with a pneumatic tank buried in the ground or put in the basement, or by the use of a windmill or ram.

Where one cannot afford to go to much expense for conveniences of this kind, which have now become necessities, a hand pump can be substituted for the windmill, gasoline engine, or ram in order to reduce the expense.

Attention is directed to the ad. of the Sydnof Pump & Well Co. in this issue. This firm has been installing this class of machinery for twenty years and their experience makes an estimate from them worth considering.

GREGORY'S NEW SEED BOOK SENT FREE.

Before you do any planting or buy seeds you should by all means write for a copy of Gregory's new seed book. This book is published strictly in the interest of farmers and gardeners. Not only does it illustrate and describe the new and old varieties, but it helps make the planting a success by giving expert advice on the raising of various vegetables. In addition to the information contained in this book, the publishers are willing at any time to answer questions by mail. This fact alone means a great deal to the man who is striving to get the biggest returns from his planting.

All ycu have to do to get a copy of Gregory's Seed Book—the book that helps solve all the problems of planting—is to write J. J. H. Gregory & Son, Marblehead, Mass., and a copy will be sent by return mail.

To learn all about the many new varieties listed this year, and the best methods of planting, write to-day for a copy of Gregory's Seed Book referred to above. Remember, it's free.

Caroline Co., Va., Jan. 7, '08. The Southern Planter is all right and every farmer in the South should take it. E. C. MONCURE.

FINE HORSES.

FOR SALE CHEAP.

One sorrel gelding, coming 4 years old, compactly built, easy to keep, well broken to work anywhere, very gentle, drives and rides well—a splendid family horse; price $150.

One chestnut mare, 9 years old, weighs 1200 lbs., blocky and easy to keep, a first-class brood mare, in foal to a fine Hackney stallion, well broken to ail farm implements and drives well in harness. Price, $150.

One dark bay mare, 9 years ©Id, weighs 1,100 lbs., closely built, «asy to keep; No. 1 farm and brood mare, has fine colt at foot by Hackney stallion and has been bred again to same horse, will work well everywhere and rides well also; price, mare and colt, $165.

These horses will be sold under full guarantee in every respect.

W. M. WATKINS, Saxe, Va.

COOK FARMS.

JACKS, SADDLE* HORSES, TROT= TING AND PACING STALLIONS.

"We are the largest Breeders and Importers of jacks in America. Write us your wants. J F. COOK & CO., Lexington, Ky. Branch Barn,

Wichita, Kansas.

Pure-Bred

HORSES

PERCHERON

anlt BELGIUM

We have more and better horses and will sell them cheaper than ever before. A nice lot of young stallions from weanlings up; also mares. C. A. ALEXANDER & CO., Harriston, Augusta Co., Va.

PERCHERONS 1%^

Two 2-year-old and two 3-year old Stallions, all registered, sound, good clean flat bone, good style and action. Will sell low considering quality as I am cramped for room.

THOS. R. SMITH, Lincoln, Loudoun Co., Va.

HORSES FOR SALE

Four good ones, three mares, one horse, all by "Chiswick." Will be 3 and 4 years old next May. Oldest are broken. Write me for prices and par-

MRS. G. M. WEST, Vlnita, Va

TAMWORTH PIGS.

From Registered Stock of Fine Breeding.

Knowle of Cook Farm 5057 at

head of herd. Sire 2nd prize boar

at Royal Show, Eng., 1907., Dam,

1st prize gilt at same show, 1907.

VOLNEY OSBURN

8 Blueniont, Loudoun Co. Va.

ROCK SPRING FARM

Offers for Sale

REGISTERED GUERNSEYS

of the best strains; Registered Duroc and Berkshire Swine; Breeding stock and eggs from B. Rocks, Pekin Ducks, White Holland Turkeys and Guineas.

H. T. HARRISON, Prop. Leesburg, Va.

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTEK

1105

ant Ads.

Rates 2 cents per word. Cash with order. Initials and figures count as one word; 25 cents minimum charge.

POULTRY, ETC.

BARGAIN SALE OF WHITE, BROWN and Buff Leghorns, rose or single comb; Barred, White and Buff Rocks; Silver Laced, White and Buff Wyan-dottes, Orpingtons, Rhode Island Reds, Turkeys and other breeds. Buy your roosters and breeding stock now. Write me; I can please you in stock and price. Big catalogue 10c, list free. John E. Heatwole, Box B., Harrisonburg, Va.

FOR SALE—FINE WHITE HOLLAND Turkeys; line bred Barred Plymouth Rocks, beautiful markings, and a few Indian Runner Drakes. Write for prices of all. M. F. Gooch, Somerset, Orange Co., Va.

TURKEYS — MAMMOTH, GOLDEN Bronze, from prize-winners. Young toms, $5; pullets, $3; 1907 hatched toms, $7 and $10. Hens, $4. Write me, I can please you. Mrs. J. Raleigh Johnston, Bluff City, Va.

FARMERS AND POULTRYMEN— Plan to make a few entries and visit the Herndon Poultry Show, Jan. 13, 14, 15, 1909. Send for catalogue and see what is offered in cash and special premiums. A. H. Kirk, Secy., Box 44, Herndon, Va.

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS—ONE yearling Tom and two yearling hens no kin. The three for $10. Young toms and hens at $3 each. All pure bred and of good size with beautiful plumage. D. J. Lybrook, Banner Elk, N. C.

FOR SALE—SOME FINE S. C. RHODE Island Red cockerels at $1.50 each Also pure-bred mammoth Bronze Turkeys, Toms, $5 each; Hens $3 each; $7 per pair. A. B. Gentry, Ivy Depot, Va.

BUFF WYANDOTTES, THE IDEAL fowl for color, eggs and table. My birds won 1st Cockerel, Pullet and Pen at Richmond last January. Hens and Cockerels for sale. Try me. Geo. W. Osterhout, Bedford City, Va.

HEAVY LAYING STRAIN RHODE island Reds; March pullets .and yearling hens, $1.50 each; Eggs, $1 per 20. Pedigreed Collie paps and grown dogs, also Pointers trained. Shady Brook Farm, Route 2, Roanoke, Va.

BEFORE WINTER I WILL SELL some special bargains in S. C. White Leghorn hens and pullets. Buff Leghorns, B. Minorcas, R. I. Reds, White I. Games, White Rocks, White and Buff Cochin Bantams. C. L. Shenk, Luray, Va.

WHITE HOLLAND TURKEYS—A FEW select pure-bred birds for sale. Toms, $4; hens, $3. Will exchange one Tom, weight 25 lbs., age 2 years, for one of same stock, to get new strain. Mrs. Helen Briesmaster, Sabot, Va.

FOR SALE—PURE-BRED FAT PEKIN Ducks. Mrs. Armstrong, Union Mills, Fluvanna Co., Va.

CHOICE BUFF ORPINGTON HENS and pullets, $1 each. Allen Wood, Route 4, Petersburg, Va.

SOME FINE COCKERELS AND PUL-lets 90c. Buff Orpington, Rose and Single Comb Brown Leghorns, White Wyandottes and Black Minorcas. Mrs. Frank Johnson, Route 1, Louisa, Va.

S. C. RHODE ISLAND RED ROOST-ers, $1; pullets, $1; some three-quarter hens, 75c; bred for eggs. White Guineas, $2 pair. W. E. Birch, Afton, Va.

I CAN SERVE FANCIERS AND breeders who desire strictly first class Barred Plymouth Rocks. Cockerels and Pullets $2 to $10. L. W. Walsh, Lynchburg, Va. Box 248.

FOR SALE—MAMMOTH BRONZE

Turkeys. Toms $5. Hens $3. Orders filled until Jan.lst, 1909. Mrs. Belle Bumpass, R. F. D. No. 1, Ashland, Va.

FOR SALE—SOME FINE PEKIN ducks from my winners at Madison Square, Jamestown, Phila., and Va. State Fair. Evelyn Heights Farm, Catletts, Va., W. W. Thomas, Prop.

SACRIFICE SALE OF SINGLE COMB White Leghorns, Wyckoff Strain, If y"ou want something good now is your chance. Virginia Poultry & Berry Farm, Sutherlin, Va.

FOR SALE—A FEW CHOICE S. C. R. I. Red Cockerels. These are very fine birds from winning strain. While they last $1.50 each, $4 per trio. J. I. Berger, Guilford, Maryland.

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS.— Clearance sale of fine birds now on at $3 each. Sunnyside Farm, Jones-ville, Virginia.

FOR SALE — MAMMOTH BRONZE Turkeys, Toms $4 apiece; White Wyandotte and R. C. Rhode Island Red cocks and cockerels. John Camp-

bell, Route 2, Beaverdam, Va.

BRACE'S STRAIN S. C. BROWN LEG-horns. Excellent pullets, Hens and Cockerels for sale. Prices reasonable. Satisfaction guaranteed. Mrs. C. M. Bass, Rice Depot, Va.

MAMMOTH BRONZE TOMS $3. WHITE Holland $6 a trio. Indian Runner Drakes $1.25. White Leghorn hens 60c. Buff Orpington Cockerels $1. T. W. Wood, Hewlett, Va.

PURE MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS for sale; $7 per pair; $4 for Tom. Mrs. W. F. Jackson, R. No. 2, Jet-ersville, Amelia Co., Va.

BUFF ORPINGTON AND S. C. RHODE Island Red cockerels for sale, $1 each. Fine specimens. Wild Rose Poultry Farm, Golddale, Va.

ONE COCKEREL AND, TWO HENS, Standard bred Buff Rocks, $3.50. Bred for size and eggs. Jno. E. Morris, Jr., Orange, Va.

FOR SALE—SEVEN CHOICE RHODE Island Red Cockerels, $2 each, five at $1 each. M. H. Chalkley, Richmond, Va.

FINE WHITE WYANDOTTE COCK-erels, snow white, $1.50 each. George Osborne, Hurlock, Md.

S. C. BLACK MINORCA COCKERELS, Northrup strain, $2 each. H. L. Chester, Elko, Va.

COLUMBIAN WYANDOTTES—PURE-bred cockerels and pullets, $2 per head. C. V. Campbell, Oliver, Va.

BRADLEY BARRED ROCKS, BARRED to skin with yellow legs, broad body, fine shape. Pullets, hens and cockerels. Mrs. C. M. Bass, Rice Depot, Va.

BLACK LANGSHAN COCK, HEN, FIVE pullets for sale, $10. or exchange Barred Rock pullets. Robert Allar-dice, Hurlock, Md.

FOR SALE—WHITE HOLLAND TUR-keys, beauties. Hens, $2; Toms, $3. $6 per trio. Miss A. Ellebrecht, Hewlett, Va.

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS FOR Sale. Reasonable prices. Mrs. J. E. Abell. Rox FaVm, Ivy Depot, Va.

LIVE STOCK.

WANTED—TO SELL ONE LIGHT brown mare 4 years old, perfectly gentle and kind, weighs 950 lbs., well bred, clean limbed, good action, Virginia raised, price $200. Also 2 mules, 2 years old, well formed, Virginia raised, well grown, $150 each. Thornton Jeffress, Crewe, Va.

HOLSTEIN BULL CALF, OUT OF cow now giving eight gallons, four per cent, milk a day. Born Sept. 14, 1908. Will sell right. $35. Registered and transferred. Very large and well grown. Wm. W. Jackson, Bizarre Dairy Farm, Farmville, Va

REGISTERED POLLED DURHAM OR Hornless Shorthorn bull. 4 years old Oct. 5th. For sale to avoid inbreeding. Or will exchange for bull calf of same breed, Rrice $100. J. M. M. Steger, Box 64, Scottsville, Va.

BEFORE BUYING YOUR BERK-shire Pigs write me for my prices and breeding. It will pay you. Dr. Charles G. Cannady, Roanoke, Va.

ONE PAIR MATCHED ROAN MARES five years old, 61 inches. One pair matched Shetlands. One child's pony, gentle and kind. Jno. M. Cunningham, Brandy Sta., Va.

LARGE YORKSHIRE PIGS AT BAR-gain prices. Parents registered and of best breed and exceptionally fine specimens. Must sell to make room for others. Paul Bouton, Ivy Depot Va.

WANTED TO BUY—TWO PURE-BRED grey Percheron mare coifs, entitled to registry, at reasonable prices; also one Victoria sow, 3 to 6 months old from registered stock Address, J. A. Dove, Cornelius, N C.

BIG ENGLIfcH BERKSHIRES, PRIZE-winning Mammoth Bronze Turkeys, R. C, R. I. Reds, White Muscovy Ducks. Ducks $3 per trio. H. B. Howe, Dublin, Va.

WANTED TO BUY REGISTERED Poll Durham or Hornless Shorthorn bull calf. Do not want anything but the best. J. M. Steger, Oakwood Farm, Scottsville, Va.

FOR SALE—THREE JERSEY BULLS, two grades and one fine registered animal. Price reasonable. C. M. Bass, Rice Depot, Va.

REGISTERED LARGE YORKSHIRE Hogs, Hampshire Sheep and Bufi Plymouth Rock chickens. J. D. Thomas, Round Hill, Va.

WANTED TO SELL PURE BRED Holstein bull 2 years old, very fine specimen. Address J. H. Janer, Tam-worth, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

Live Stock (Continued).

FOR SALE — TWO REGISTERED Percheron yearling stud colts. Mc-Cloy, Agt, Birdwood, Va.

SOME DUROC GILTS AND BOARS 4 to 6 months old. Eligible to register. Cheap for quality. C. L. Shenk, Luray, Va.

BEST BREEDING OF YORKSHIRE hogs at farmers' prices. W. E. Stick-ley, Strasburg, Va.

REAL ESTATE.

FOR SALE—TWO HUNDRED ACRE farm; $1,000 worth of timber; thirteen room slate roof house; fine basement barn, forty cow stalls; four other barns; wagon house; silo; water piped to buildings; plenty of fruit; a" business farm. Price, $6,000, $3,000 cash, balance eight years at five per cent. Hall's Farm Agency, Owego, New York.

WE BUY AND SELL REAL ESTATE of any kind, anywhere. Let us sell your farm. We have applicants every day for Virginia farms and cannot supply the demand. List your property with us, we produce results. Rittenour, 427 Munsey Building, Washington, D. C.

WANTED TO RENT SMALL FARM with privilege of buying; highly productive; good markets; a No. 1 neighborhood; good roads. Northern Va. or Md. preferred. Dr. E. Boyn-ton, Barnum, W. Va.

FOR SALE—TWO FAUQUIER COUN-ty blue grass farms of 300 acres each; one Vi mile from station, the other 1% miles. No commission to agents. Apply to J. W. Latham, Calverton, Va.

SELL YOUR FARM DIRECT TO buyer. Write J. H. Bonnell, Jamestown, N. Y.

CHEAP LAND WHERE INVALIDS get well without medicine and raise $200 in fruit per acre. Eden Fruit Colony Company, Dewberry, Harnett Co., N. C.

FOR SALE—STORE HOUSE AND GIN house with latest machinery; 4 village lots included in Adams Grove, Va. Terms easy. J. B. Thomas, Drewryville, Va.

FOR RENT—DAIRY FARM 204 ACRES well equipped with cows and machinery. 46 miles from Washington, 1 mile station. Address Linden Farm, Calverton, Va.

BUY BEST VIRGINIA FARMS DIRECT of owner and save money. Write J. H. Bonnell, Jamestown. N. Y.

FOR SALE—LIVERY STABLE WITH 75 acres land and 7 village lots. Terms easy. J. B. Thomas, Drewryville, Va.

POSITIONS—HELP.

WANTED—A PRACTICAL POULTRY -man thoroughly experienced in feeding for eggs, operating incubators, brooder houses, etc., desires position on plant in operation or with man having suitable farm and capital to plan, build and manage plant on salary. No enterprise on farm pays as high interest on capital invested as raising of market eggs. Correspondence solicited. Highest reference. Address 'L" care Southern Planter.

FARMER WANTED—I WANT A good man to run my farm or part of it for the coming year. He to furnish labor and I to furnish the land, team, feed for teams, etc. Crops to be grown, oats, corn, potatoes, tobacco if desirable and other small crops if mutually agreed upon. Improvements all good, fruit abundant, place perfectly healthy and unusually attractive. Farm can be bought if desired. Reference required. Geo. B. Morton, 2805 Q St Washington, D. C.

MANAGER WANTS POSITION—FOR ten years manager of largest stock farm in Eastern Pennsylvania. Thoroughly practical and experienced in modern farming. Horses, dairy and sheep. Poultry, handling men, etc. Forage crops, silo and ensilage. Strictly temperate. Give full particulars. Address, Temperate, care Southern Planter.

WANTED—Responsible man with horse and buggy in each community, salary $5 to $10 per day to take orders from owners of farms, orchards and home gardens. A splendid opportunity for farmers' sons, also fruit tree and sewing machine agents to make a business connection which will become more profitable each year. Address: P. O. Box 6," Young's Island, S. C.

POSITION WANTED BY YOUNG married Englishman as working foreman on farm; has been on farm all his life and has had experience with stock; will take place under supervision of another or will take charge of cattle; open for immediate engagement. J. M. care Southern Planter.

POSITION AS GENERAL FARM MAN-ager by educated man, age 42, understands agricultural machinery, the care of stock and management of colored help. Wife willing to take charge of butter and poultry or act as housekeeper. Manager, care Southern Planter.

WANTED — A GOOD RELIABLE

young or middle aged married man, on a grain and stock farm. Work the year round. Wages $30 per month with house, and one cow to milk. M. M. Spence, Fairbury, 111.

MANAGER—EXPERIENCED, STRICT-ly temperate, with references, wants charge of a large farm or estate. Address Manager, care Southern Planter.

WANTED POSITION AS MANAGER on large farm. Twenty (20) years experience. No family. Reference. Address Farmer, Va. Trust Co., Richmond, Va.

WANTED—POSITION AS SUPERIN-tendent of a large estate by a man who can give good references and make good. W. B. Ellwood, Center-ville, Ind.

AGENTS WANTED TO INTRODUCE our new Metal Hameless Horse Collars to farmers and teamsters. J-S. Company, Box P, Caro, Mich.

WANTED—A STRONG, HEALTHY IN-telligent middle aged woman as housekeeper. King & Hill, Kendalia, W. Va.

MISCELLANEOUS.

WE WANT SWEET GUM LOGS, 15 to 30 inches in diameter, clear of knots, sound and straight, 32 to 56 inches long. Also White Sap Poplar 42 to 56 inches long. Send us prices per 1,000 feet, delivered in Manchester, or f. o. b. cars your station. Also, state when you can make delivery. Manchester Basket, Rattan & Woodenware Works, Manchester, Va.

MAGAZINES, NEWSPAPERS — WHY not save money, time and trouble on your magazines and newspapers. One remittance, the lowest price, to me, covers the transaction. Send for price list clubs. Prices quoted on any periodical on request. References as to reliability the best. Inquiries solicited. E. W. Lipscombe, Box 80, Richmond, Va.

WANTED—TO BUY ALL KINDS Wild Birds and Animals, particularly Tame Deer, Wild Turkeys, White Squirrels, Peafowl, Otters, Red Foxes Gray Squirrels, Partridges, Pheasants, Beaver. State price when writing. Dr. Cecil French, Naturalist, Washington, D. C.

FOR SALE—ONE DANDY WINDMILL, 60 ft. tower, 10 ft. wheel, guaranteed to be in first class condition and good as new. Sold for "want of use and no other reason. Address, Stanton Tanning .Co., Inc., Box 155, Richmond, Va.

FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE FOR good cows—1 nice rubber tire close carriage, something swell and as good as new, at a great bargain. 1 spring wagon good as new, price $40. 1 Champion mower (second hand) price $20. Address W. E. Highfill, Box 303, Danville, Va.

FOR SALE—ONE 3-HORSE POWER Vertical Steam Boiler and Engine. (Engine attached to boiler.) In first class running order with all fixtures complete. Address Jno. S. Ewell, Jr., Hickory Grove, Va.

FOUR OF THE MOST IMPROVED machines. Corn Binder, Double Disc Plow, Disc Drill, Silage Cutter with blow pipe, all good as new. . Thos. Christian, care Box 33, Keswick, Va.

W. H. COFFMAN'S ILLUSTRATED herd catalogue of his magnificent Berkshire Hogs is now ready to mail

free to breeders at their request. Address, Bluefield, W. Va.

OLD VA. HAMS—RECIPE FOR PER-fectly curing without becoming hard, finest flavor, for 50e. M. Cook, 220 Citizens Bank, Norfolk, Va.

WOODWARD & SON, RICHMOND, VA. Lumber, Laths, Shingles, Sash, Blinds, Doors, Frames, Mouldings, Asphalt Roofing. Yards and

buildings covering ten acres.

TERRACING? DITCHING? GRADING? Best $10 farm level for $6.66. Write at once for special offer. Frank Wright. Mf., Cave Springs, Ga.

WANTED—100,000 READERS FOR, "After the Christmas Dinner." At-well Co., Richmond, Va.

RICHMOND

WS^D

VIRGINIA

COW PEAS WANTED, ANY QUAN-tity, will pay cash. W. S. Murray, Hollins, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1107

Get the Top of the Market

J>., 11>S

5 lbs,

25c; mail 60c; IS lbs.

If you could put a lot of heavy fowls in A-l market condition and "finish" them just when scarcity makes high prices, you'd consider it good business, wouldn't you?

That kind of thing' is done by hosts of farmers and poultrymen who have no better birds and no more fattening foods, than you or any one else. It isn't so much what a fowl eats as what a fowl digests that does the business. These men "skim the cream" because they give their fowls a regular daily portion of Dr. Hess Poultry Pan-a-ce-a once a day. That is the secret, and you can get just as good results as they if you follow their way.

Poultry PAN-A-

makes a fowl thrive because it contains tonic properties which are a most positive aid to the digestive organs and it cures gapes, cholera, roup, and the like. It causes the greatest possible assimilation of nutrition, hence, the (nvatrst possible crowtli

Poultry Pan-a-ce-a is "The Or. Hess Idea." He believed that good digestion was the foundation of all success in feeding. That it was possible to aid digestion and thus reduce food waste. Poultry Pan-a-ce-a does this verv thinir Hens that receive a little of it daily are always laying eggs and always healthy.

Little chicks grow fast and escape most chicken ills if it s given to them; and when moulting time comeB, Poultry Pan-a-ce-a strengthens all fowls to pass this trying time safely. Dr. Hess Poultry Pan-a-ce-a makes good blood and carries dead poisonous matter out of the system. It is endorsed by leading poultry associations and sold on a written guarantee. A penny's worth is enough for 30 hens one day.

or express 40c. Except in Canada DR. HESS & CLARK

$1.25; 35 lb. pail $2.50 and Extreme West and South. Ashland. Ohio.

Send 2 cents for Dr. Hess 48-page Poultry Book, Free

DB HESS STOCKED

Every time a steer, cow, horse or hog, gets a little of Dr. Hess Stock Food in its grain ration, the animal is made stronger to digest and use its food. This is "The Dr. Hess Idea" and the true theory of feeding—make the maximum amount of ration digest and assimilate and gain will be rapid and steady. Dr. Hess Stock Food is composed of beneficial elements—iron for the blood, bitter tonics and cleansing nitrates. It increases milk, hurries fatting and gives good health to all domestic animals. Promoting stock health and condition is also a profitable feature of feeding Dr. Hess Stock Food. Sold on a written guarantee.

100 lbs. $5.00; 25 lb. pall $1.60.

Except in Canada and Extreme West and South. Send 2 cents for Dr. Hess Stock Book, Free.

Smaller quantities at a slight advance.

INSTANT LOUSE KILLER MILLS LICE

KNEW WHEN HE WAS HAPPY.

The soul of an editor who had died of starvation was being conducted to the Elysian fields. As they passed the portals of the infernal regions, he asked his guide if he might not go in and look around. The guide consented, but warned him not to stay but a few minutes, as he could not wait long.

A long time passed, and the editor had not returned; so the guiding angel went in search of him. He found him before a cage in which a number of doomed wretches were being toasted on red-hot 'griddles. Over the cage was the sign "Delinquent Subscribers."

"Come," said the guide; "we must be going."

"Don't wait for me," replied the editor. "I'm not coming. This is heaven enough for meT"—November Lippincott's.

Rockingham Co., Va., Aug. 3, '08.

The Southern Planter is still ahead of all other agricultural journals. JOHN I. WOOD.

Brompton Stock Farm.

We offer for December delivery several Young Jersey Bulls and two Guernsey Bulls, six and twelve months old, Jersey yearling heifers in calf, and, a lot of high grade Jersey and Guernsey heifers, one and two years old. Brown Chinese Geese, Toulouse Geese, Bronze Turkeys, Muscovy Ducks and Plymouth Rock fowls. Also Collie and Fox Terrier puppies.

M. B. ROWE & CO, Fredericksburg, Va.

JERSEY CATTLE.

Hlgb-bred Cows Freak to Pall.

Heifers Bred to Calve* In Spring.

Bull*—'All Age«—A Few Ready for Service.

BERKSHIRES.

All Ages and of Excellent Breeding;. Get my prices before placing your order. EVERGREEN FARMS, W. B. Gates, Proprietor, RICE DEPOT, VA.

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

Ft. Lewis Stock Farm

THE BEST PLACE FOR BLOOD AND REGISTERED

BERKSHIRES

White Leghorn, all breeds of Plymouth Rock, Black Minorca and Rhode Island Red Fowls. Esse from these pure-blooded birds for sale.

DR. W. U NOLEN, PROPRIETOR, SALEM, VA.

[December,

HELPS FOR THE POULTRY

INDUSTRY.

The incubator has doubtless done more for the poultry industry than has any other singe factor. "Raising chickens" was of little importance before this machine was invented, simply because "hen-hatched" chickens could not be matured early enough in the season to sell at a profit. However, the incubator now makes it possible for chicks to be well matured by the time most hens begin to show signs of broodiness.

Thus incubators have come into common use, and some few makes have established their right to the confidence of the public. Prominent in this class stand .the "Excelsior" ro) and "Wooden Hen," the former having been one of the earliest of the artificial hatching machines put on the market. Both types are built upon practical lines, and have won the approval of thousands of poultrymen everywhere. They are made in sizes varying from fifty to six hundred eggs, thus adapting themselves to poultry plants great and small.

In "Excelsior" and "Wooden Hen" Incubators the principles of heat, moisture and ventilation, so vital to the development of healthy chicks, have been perfectly worked out. Regulation of the heat, which may be supplied by kerosene, gas or electricity, is practically automatic, reducing to almost nothing the attention required to keep the machine going.

"Excelsior" and "Wooden Hen" Incubators and Brooders are illustrated and described in attractive catalogues and literature issued by the manufacturer, George H. Stahl, Box 76-B, Quincy. 111., who will gladly mail same to any address upon request.

FOR 8 ALBS I

THE COOK FARMS.

J. T. Cook & Co., Lexington, Ky., the well-known Jack breeders, advise us that their winnings at the various Fairs this year are greater than ever. This means a great deal, of course, as they have always gotten their share. Only once in seven years have they lost the premium in the herd ring at the Kentucky and Tennessee Fairs.

BERKSHIRE (JILTS and BOARS.

WELL DEVELOPED

JERSEY BULL CALVES

CORRECT DAIRY TYPE.

GREAT PRODUCING ANCESTORS.

Forest Home Farm, pu ^ n v , i a LU5,

DUROCS SHORTHORNS POLLED DURHAMS SHROPSHIRES

THE DTJROC is the most prolific hog on earth. The large fairs of the West prove that they are the most popular hog of that section. The demand for them in the South shows conclusively that they are the coming hog of the South. "We have the largest herd in the East and one of the most fashionably bred herds in the world. Our herd averaged over eleven pigs to the litter this year. Send for printed catalogue if you are interested in hogs. Boars, Sows in pig, Shotes and Fall Pigs for sale—two hundred in all. Send for "Dnroc Facts." ,

Shorthorn Cows, Heifers and bulls, dual purpose, pure Scotch and Scotch topped, at prices that will make you buy.

Shropshire Rams and Ewes, Yearlings and Lambs.

LESLIE D. KLINE, Vanclnse, Va.

Glenburn Berkshires.

Lord Premier and Premier Longfellow are dead, but we have their best sons. Our LORD PREMIER III is not only a son of Lord Premier, but is a litter mate to Lord Premier II. and a brother in blood to Lord Premier's Rival. Our PREDOMINANT and DOMINANT are probably the best sons of Premier Longfellow. IMP. ROYAL HUNTER Is a great individual. We have Lord Premier, Premier, Longfellow, Masterpiece, Cham-br*s Duke XXIII., and fine imported sows.

FORFARSHIRE GOLDEN LAD JERSEYS.

Write for Catalogue.

Dr. J. D. KIRK, Roanoke. Va.

IF YOU WANT THE BEST HOG

Buy from those who glvu their sole attention to the production of the greatest Berkshire Type.

—■—WE DO.

Our herd comprises the most splendid lines of breeding; and Individual* that money can bay or experience develop In American and English Bred

Berkshires.

"LORD PREMIER OF THE BLUB RIDGE," 103555, the greatest Uvtns boar, heads our herd. If yon are Interested -write.

THE BLUE RIDGE BERKSHIRE FARMS, ASHEVILLB, N. O.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1109

Hygeia Herd

Pure-Bred Holstein-Friesians.

The herd offers a few more well bred bulls and bull calves from large milk and butter producing dams and sired by

Pontiac Calypso's Son, No. 39469.

The dam of this richly bred young sire, Pontiac Calypso, No. 61,100, has an official record of 28.43 pounds of butter in 7 days, with a milk record of 560.3 pounds, or an average of nearly 10 gallons per day for 7 days. His sire's dam, Beryl Wayne, No. 32,496, produced 27.87 pounds of butter in 7 days. The breed not only holds the milk, but also the butter records of the world, It pays to get the best blood to head your herd, therefore write for pedigrees and prices. No females offered for sale at the present time, as the herd will be numerically increased as rapidly as possible.

HYGEIA HERD.

W. Fltzhugh Carter M. D., Owner,

Crozet Albemarle County, Virginia.

Address: W. F. Carter, Jr., Agent.

HOW I MET GEN 1 . SAM HOUSTON. In early December, 1859, I left Baltimore in the pursuit of my profession as a civil engineer to take part in the construction of railroads just beginning in Texas. The journey from Baltimore to Austin was then a matter of weeks instead of days as at present. A journey with many changes by rail brought me to Memphis, then a week's leisurely journey on one of the fine packet steamers then plying on the Mississippi, loading cotton, brought me from the snow and ice of the North to the balmy sunshine at New Orleans. On a bright sunny day I stood on the wharf at Berwick's Bay on Bayou Atchafalaya, where the Vera Cruz steamer, Orizaba, was to take us to Galveston.

A tall gentleman in clerical attire was there introduced to me as Bishop Gregg, the newly elected Bishop of Texas for the Protestant Episcopal Church there, and he seemed to take a great interest in the young' man who was to be a traveling companion all the way to Austin. It was a bright Sunday morning when we arrived at Galveston. There was then no railroad connection northward from Galveston, and we had to wait till Monday afternoon for a steamer for Houston, so that I had the pleasure to hear the first sermon preached by Bishop Gregg in his new Diocese.

Our steamer to Houston was the regular flat bottomed Mississippi river type, but even such a boat stirred up the mud in the shallow waters of Galveston Bay and it was night by the time we entered the tortuous stream known as Buffalo Bayou, and it was a slow passage for our big steamer up the narrow stream, where the trees almost met overhead, so that it was morning when we reached Houston.

There we found the terminus of the then only railroad in Texas, running out to Hemstead on the edge of the Brazos bottoms seventy miles, from which point we took a stage drawn by six horses, and had to pay ten cents per mile for our passage and were allowed forty pounds of baggage, while my trunk, with in-

THE HOLLINS HERD

—OF—

HIGH-CLASS HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS.

A working herd—working every day In the year.

This herd of 22 head, of which 14 head are heifers with 1st or 2d calf, milked from the 1st of Oct., 1907, to the 1st of Oct., 1908;

195,941 IiBS. OF MILK; An Average of 8,906 lbs per cow per year.

YOUNG REGISTERED BULLS FOR SALE.

JOS. A. TURNER, General Manager, Holllna Institute, Holling, V«.

Wkk

THE GROVE B'ARM.

HOLSTEIN FRIESIANS

BERKSHIRES

HACKNEYS

Write me your wants.

T. O. SANDY, Burkcville, Va.

N. & W. and Southern Railways.

j BILTMORE FARMS, biltmqre,n.c. I

f BerKshires==Jerseys==Poultry J

■ Titers is — mmmn »

ONLY ONE WAY to find out about the Good Things We are f

Offering, and that is to Write To-Day. We Can't Tell It ail In This

Advertisement.

BUT We have a Bunch of Literature which we will send free

upon request, which Wells All About It.

(Address BILTMORE FARMS, R. F. D. No. 2. BILTMORE, N. C.

f Ask for special price on our entire loft of pigeons and loft fittings.

TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

ROSE DALE HERD ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE

We offer to the farmers and breeders «f the Bast strictly eholoe Young Registered Bulls from weanlings to serviceable age. They are of the straight, broad-backed, low-down, compact, blocky type. Many of them show ring animals. They represent the blood of Master II. of Meadow Breok; Oay Lord, Jr.; Heather Lad II., Zaire V., Ermine Bearer, Blackbird of Corskle IV., Black Abbott, Abbottaford, Coquette X., Etc,

They are well grown out, in thrifty condition, but not pampered. Come and see them or write us your wants. Prices right, vTe can please you. Angus Cattle are our specialty. We raise ne other stock, but give them our undivided personal attention.

To avoid Inbreeding we offer an exceptionally good herd bull. Write for particulars. Address

SOSEDALE STOCK FARMS, JEFFERSONT0N, VA.

struments and books, weighed nearly 200. But after settling for the excess, and seeing the stage piled high with baggage, we were told that the passeri?n-H would have to walk several miles to the other side of the Brazos, since the team could barely haul the stage and baggage through the deep mud of the bottoms. It was the first time I ever paid ten cents per mile for the privilege of walking.

Crossing the river, we soon came up from the low "hog-wallow" prairie to the rolling uplands at Chapel Hill. Bishop Gregg, however, was a very agreeable traveling companion, a splendid conversationalist, and, as day after day passed and night after night for we were from Tuesday afternoon till Friday morning going from Hemstead to Austin, and slept on the stage, the time passed in a very agreeable manner.

Wishing to see as much as possible of the country, I rode in the day time on the box with the driver, who seemed to take a great interest in making a young tender-foot acquainted with Texas and its customs. At that time every one went armed in Texas, and, wishing to do in Rome as Rome did, I had bought a Navy Colt and belt and holster, and the driver, after a careful examination of my gun. anrroved it, and laughingly said that with such a guard he did not fear the road agents.

Getting into the Black-jack country, he pointed out here and there a tree where he said a man had been hanged at different times. I asked what they were hanged for. "Hoss stealing," he said. "Do they hang people here for stealing horses?" said I. "Well, youngster, what would you hang a man for if not for steal-inne horses?" was the rejoinder. Since mustangs were worth then $10 to $15 per head, I though that the penaltv seemed severe, but said nothing. At noon in the Black-Jack country we drew up to a noted wayside

OTHER HERDS COME AND GO BUT THE OLD ESTABLISHED

SUNNY HOME HERD

OF

ABERDEEN ANGUS CATTLE

Continues steadily along furnishing cattle of the better class and choicest breeding at the very lowest prices consistent with high quality. Two better bred bulls than "Baron Roseboy" 67666, and "Jester," 60071, are not owned in the South, and the females of the herd were sired by some of the most famous bulls of the breed. Young calves only for sale.

A. L. FRENCH, Owner, Station, Draper, N. C. at the farm.

R. F. D., Byrdvllle, Va.

NO REASONABLE OFFER REFUSED

"" ANGUS CATTLE and HACKNEY HORSES

At sacrifice prices. A destructive fire left us without adequate shelter for our stock and we are forced to sell it.

Every animal we offer is all right in breeding and has the backing of our establishment, the Delaware Stock Farm. Simply our misfortune affords you a rare chance to buy first class stuff at your own price. Write us your wants. MYER & SON, Brldgeville, Del.

* Young Hereford Bulls **»

We have a few Good Young Bulls for sale at reasonable prices, quality considered. Will gladly give description and prices to prospective buyers. H. A. S. HAMILTON & SONS, Shadwell, Va.

CHESTER WHITES.

Registered herd; first piemium stock; largest and most prolific hot, on record; 3 sows, 41 pigs breeaing stock, 400 to 700 pounds; easy feeding; Service Boars, Sows bisl. Fancy Figs for sale. My time to ihis breed, 11 years. The best money can buy ana leed produce. P. M. FINKHCTTSER, Winchester, Vn. References: Farmers and Merchants National Bank, Winchester, Va.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1111

Pure-Bred POULTRY

Farmers, now is the time to order your Breeding Birds for 1909. I have choice birds of the following breeds. Barred, White and Buff Plymouth Rocks, White, Brown and Buff Leg-horns, White and Silver Wyandottes, White, Black and Buff Orpingtons, Rhode Island Reds, Silver Spangled Hamburgs, Indian Games, Black Minorcas, and White Face Black Spanish chickens; Rouen and Pekin Ducks, Mammoth Bronze and White Holland Turkeys.

Do not delay, place your order today and get advantage of lowest prices. Address

JAMES M. HOBBS,

1521 Mt. Royal Avenue.

BALTIMORE, MD.

Pure-Bred

WHITE HOLLAND

and

MAMMOTH BRONZE

TURKEYS.

Farmers do not delay. Now is the time to buy and save money.

Choice 15- to 16- pound White Holland Toms, $5 each; Younger Toms, $4 each; 2a-pound Yearling Toms, $6 each. White Holland Hens of this year's hatch, 8 to 12 pounds each, $4 each, or $7.50 for two hens.

My Mammoth Bronze Turkeys are extra good this year, and the prices for December are as follows: 30-to 35-pound Yearling Gobblers, $6 each; lS-to 20-pound Young Toms, $5 each; Later hatched, 15-pound Toms, $4 each; 12- to 14-pound Early hatched Hens, $4 each; 9 to 11-pound Hens, $3 each.

I can please you, and have over

200 Pure-Bred Turkeys for sale all

in perfect health. Order to-day and

secure the choicest birds. Address

JAMES M. HOBBS,

| 1521 Mt. Royal Ave, Baltimore, Md.

Pure-Bred

HOGS

I have the finest lot of Berkshire, Poland-China, Chester White, Yorkshire and Tamworth Pigs and Hogs I ever owned. I can mate Pigs and Shoats for breeding 2, 3, 4 and 6 months old, and have fine 150-to 200-lb. Service Boars and Bred Sows ready for immediate shipment. Now is the time to order and get them in their winter quarters. Write today a list of your wants. Satisfaction guaranteed and references furnished. Address,

JAMES M. HOBBS,

1521 Mt. Royal Avenue.

BALTIMORE, MD.

inn known as Cunningham's. As the stage drew up in front to stop for •dinner and change horses, I noticed a large and rather roughly clad man sitting on the porch with a lady in black.

"There he is," said the driver, "the greatest man in Texas.". "Who is it?" said I. "Why, Gin'l Sam Houston." 1 n n .d a letter of introduction to General Houston, but concluded that this was not an opportune time to present it. but preferred to wait till he was inaugurated Governor, for he was then, with his wife, on his way to Austin to be inaugurated for the last time Governor of the State he had had such a hand in the making of.

But at the dinner table he and Mrs. Houston sat opposite to me, and I got a picture in mind that has never faded. Dressed in a rather roush coat, no collar, but with a red worsted scarf around his neck, and a vest of leopard skin with hair and spots on. General Houston, nevertheless made the impression of great physical and mental power.

He was traveling with his wife in their private carriage towards the «ity of Austin, but not like us, traveling at night, and we left him at the hostelry. I reached Austin several days before the time for the inauguration, and had an opportunity to hear some of the discussions in the ■Legislature which showed that even then there were mutterings of the storm that was soon to break over the country. The political majority of the Legislature was opposed to General Houston, and there were fire eaters there who were reported to have left the East for the good of the East.

It was curious, too, to note at that time that almost every one spoke of the remainder of the country as the "States," and at times, on going to

REDUCED PRICES ON

BRED BERKSHIRE GILTS

for next 30 days only.

The panic drove hundreds of breeders out of business. The next twelve months will see them tumbling over one another to get back—as the demand and prices advance. I staid in the boat, kept up my herd and advertisements, hence am well equipped for orders. My Berkshires are as fine as the world can produce. Price in easy reach of everyone. Scores of pigs ready for shipment.

THOS. S. WHITE,

Fassifern Stock Farm,

LEXINGTON, VA.

Prize-Winning

BERKSHIRES FOR SALE.

Our herd won 33 ribbons at Richmond 1907, and Lynchburg and Richmond, 1908; also won silver cup offered by American Berkshire Assn. for best under-year herd (3 sows and boar).

We have Masterpiece, Lord Premier, Beryton Duke and Biltmore strains.

BRED SOWS, GILTS, YOUNG BOARS AND PIGS FOR SALE. MOORE'S BROOK SANITARIUM COMPANY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA.

LARGE ENGLISH AND AMERICAN BERKSHIRES.

Size, with quality and early maturity. I offer for sale a few of the finest ready to breed gilts and ready for service boars I have seen this season.

Also a great number of choice pigs 8 to 10 weeks old. They, are out of the best sows to be found in the State and were sired by my great breeding )oars, Hunter of Biltmore, 3d and Earhart's Model Premier.

My prices are very reasonable and I guarantee entire satisfaction or will refund your money. Write for prices and description to D. E. EARHART, Bristow, Va.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

the post-office for letters, I was told "No mall from the States to-day." The day hefore the inaugural ceremony, General Houston sent a polite message to the Legislature, saying that he had heard that the galleries in the Capitol (the old one) were unsafe, and that as there would he a large crowd, he suggested that the inaugural ceremonies take place on the portico in front of the Alamo monument. But, in the spirit of pure cussedness, the House sent him word that they would have the galleries strengthened, and did have timber props placed all around under them.

In the morning, I concluded that it would be as safe to be on top as any where, so I went to the gallery. At the appointed hour, the General, still dressed as I had seen him at the country tavern, walked up the aisle to the speakers' desk, and took the oath of office. Then, turning to the assemblage, he said, "Ladies and gentlemen, any one who may wish to hear the remarks I may have to make will please adjourn to the front of the Alamo monument, as I shall speak from that place.'And out he walked, with the whole crowd and the Legislature tumbling after him, and, taking off his overcoat and his red scarf, he made his inaugural address just where he intended to make it. And in that inaugural he indicated the policy that he afterwards followed in the shock of war, evidently grieved that the State he had fought for and which he had spent his best days in making a member of the great Union, should be in the hands of those who wished to turn her loose again.

A few days afterwards I presented my letter of introduction, and for the first and last time grasped the hand of the old veteran. Seeing me shrink a little from the lion-like grip of his hand, he said, "My young friend, if you stay in Texas, we will make you tougher than that." I was in Austin at times during the whole of that session of the Legislature and could but see that the old man was waging a losing fight against that Legislature.

But that is history. We did little that winter in railroad building, and the tracks got little beyond Hempstead, and when the storm of war seemed about to break I went back to Virginia. Salisbury, Md. W. F. M ASSET.

CATALOGUES.

J. B. Watkins & Bro., Elmwood Nurseries, Midlothian, Va. Catalogue of nursery stock and ornamental trees, vines and plants. This is an old and reliable firm, who give personal attention to the production of good stock.

W. R. Harrison & Co., Massilon, O. Tornado Feed and Ensilage Cutters.

Much of the chronic lameness in horses is clue to neglect.

See that your horse is not allowed to go lame. Keep Sloan's Liniment on hand and apply at the first signs of stiffness. It's wonderfully penetrating—goes right to the spot—relieves the soreness — limbers up the joints and makes the muscles elastic and pliant.

Slonxf

will kill a spavin, curb or splint, reduce wind puffs and swollen joints, and is a sure and speedy rcme H r for fistula, sweeney, founder and thrush. Price, 50c. and $1.00.

Dr. Earl S. Sloan, - - Boston, Mass.

Sloan's book on horses, cattle, sheep and poultry sent free.

BURKE'S GARDEN POULTRY

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS

WHITE WYANDOTTES S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS

ZT fa&itoL S. AND R. C. RHODE ISLAND REDS

MAMMOTH B. TURKEYS.*-^. , . -JWH1TE HOLLAND TURKEYS

-*_- W_J :■: i~ L. . FROM ^ f^fctt

BEST STRAINS POSSIBLE. BRED RIGHT, FED RIGHT, GROW RIGHT, STAY RIGHT.

Each breed is reared on a separate farm, under the personal care of a specialist. Our stock is all healthy and vigorous.

YANKEE QUALITY AT SOUTHERN PRICES. Stock $2 to $5 for single specimens. Trios and pens at special prices. Eggs, $1.60 to $5 a setting. STANDARD-BRED POULTRY FARMS, Burke's Garden, Va.

EGGS FOR HATCHING

Pens No. 1—Fancy Orpingtons that win.

,,j 15 for $ 4 00

45 for 9 60

90 for 14 50

; / ^S^^V???; Pens No. 2—High-Class Breeders.

/; W %- • ■'$&•'•• ; "*>K^NxM?rf? 15 for $ 2 00

■ >«■*.=<* ' --.Y*«jf 45 for 4 80

C'lll^' : WT3 '' 90 for 7 20

P"' "S v XY/L* " :J > p ens No. 3—Thoroughbred Utility

.\:r,..>^^iS' >r? Stock.

,v]#:.sr 15 for $ 1 oo

MF IP ' 45 for 2 40

^■"""^M -W'" ' 90 for 3 60

'\:^jKv-.',.■' •iffiPsia@P , .-'s%A Single-Comb Buff Orpington Stock

■ffiffif^yy-:.'''..- :~, ^wMmSF^r^' ; "-'-""-^~ for sale at all times. Write for

"imW '"' ^$3 Wr^py -•''-';Y s i?0 prices.

^Jap W 'C'.^\C:: HENRY J. and CHAS. G. SANGER,

'-'^ \.. . ;•""• ft ., -r~-- "~ ,;si %.iir^; Proprietors of The Ethermore Fruit

'-■-'} ■'■-'.'-.••--v " //.-±i ■£»*.£ - z&i^^ and S. C. Buff Orpington Farm.

■'Vi:i;5'\ ■,.•'.-:■'■-■•—^^V^/ - ; : - R. F. D. No. 2, DAYTON, VA.

W45Hcsi»r 1 »H^kE-x'*mS' The Best All-Purpose Fowls Known

Caswell Co., N. C, Aug. 13, '08. Shenandoah Co., Va., June 8, '08.

I esteem the Southern Planter a I think the Southern Planter is one

valuable aid to the farmers of this of the best-Southern papers that we

country E. B. FOOTE. take. J. D. BURNER.

MORVEN PARK ESTATE.

The Property of WESTMORELAND DAVIS. Esq.

Large Yorkshire Swine.

These pigs are hardy and prolific. The two boars that took the first prize in their classes at the Virginia State Fair had been exposed without cover or shed for a year in the open. They had, as have all our pigs, well developed carcasses, covered with heavy growth of hair that insures against scurf or skin troubles in hot climate. These pigs mature early, are good mothers, and are very prolific. They are the bacon pig of England and of the West.

WE HAVE THE FINEST STRAIN OF IMPORTED BLOOD FOR SALE.

Registered Guernsey Cattle.

Dairymen shipping to the city markets will find a Guernsey bull most valuable to cross on their herds, thus increasing the content of butter fat in their milk or cream. Especially is this cross desirable when shipping to cities where dealers pay upon the basis of butter fat.

At the Pan Amercian Exposition, the only time the Guernsey met other breeds in competition, the Guernsey led all breeds for the most economical production of high-class butter.

We Have Brilliantly Bred Bulls For Sale.

Dorset Horn Sheep.

We have the largest flock of Imported Dorsets In America. They are of one type and both thrifty and prolific.

WE ARE BOOKING ORDERS FOR NEXT YEAR'S DELIVERY OF LAMBS.

For further particulars, address,

LIVE STOCK DEPARTMENT, MORVEN PARK ESTATE,

LEESBURG. LOUDOUN CO., VA

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEK

[December,.

GOOD HOUSEKEEPING. Potato Soup.

Six potatoes, four turnips, one small onion, five pints of milk, three heads of celery, two teaspoons of salt, one-half teaspoon of black pepper, a large spoon of butter. Boil the turnips until they are tender, add the potatoes and onions and boil until they can be mashed. Drain off the water and cream the vegetables; add the milk, salt and pepper, and return it to the fire and let it come to a boil. Cream the butter very light, and add it just is you take it off the Are. The celery can be chopped and added when you mix the vegetables and milk, or it may be boiled with the potatoes and creamed with the other vegetables. A dust of celery salt and of Cayenne is an improvement. Serve very hot with small squares of toasted bread. Roasted Turkey.

Always kill the turkey a day before you want to use it (three days is better). It should be picked and drawn at once and hung up in a dry cold place. When .ready for cooking plunge it into hot water for ten minutes. Have a dressing made with bread crumbs, salt, pepper, celery seed, a pint of fat oysters, and a large spoon of butter, mixed well, with a few tablespoons of hot water. Fill the body and the crop of the turkey with this dressing. Put it in to the roasting pan with a quart of boiling water and a slice of middling. Turn and baste frequently. It takes from three to five hours to cook a turkey. Thicken the gravy and chop the giblets in it. Serve very hot. Scalloped Oysters.

Drain the liquor from the oysters. Have a baking dish the size you will need. Put in a layer of oysters with a fork, season with pepper, salt and a dash of Cayenne, then a layer of stale bread crumbs, with bits of butter about on it, then a layer of oysters, and so on, till the dish is full. Let the crumbs form the last layer, with the butter, salt and pepper on it, then pour over it a cup of rich milk, or of the oyster liquor. Cover with a tin pan or plate and bake thirty minutes, then take off the top, and bake half hour longer, unless, the dish is very small, then it does not take so long.

Pickled Beets. Put the beets on in an iron pot as early as you can after breakfast, and let them boil gently until dinner is ready. Cut them up (after rubbing off the skin) into thin slices. Make a sauce of a cup of vinegar, half a cup of water, half a cup of sugar or more, salt, pepper, a teaspoon of celery seed. Let this boil hard for ten minutes, then pour it,, over the beets, and let them boil in it. Serve hot. ,

Cold Slaw.

If you have no slaw cutter, buy one. They can be had for about fif-

ENTERPRISE

Meat

and

Food

Chopper

"Enterprise" Meat and Food Choppers cut the meat with a revolving steel knife against a perforated steel cutting' plate without tearing or crushin. Easily cleaned. Practically unbreakable, and will last for years.

The No. 5 "Enterprise" Chopper costs only SI.75. No, 10. shown in cut, $2.50. They are standard family sizes, and not only save ha] f the work at butchering time, but are useful in the kitchen every day in the year.

Made in 45 sizes and styles for Hand, Steam an trie Power. We also make cheaper Food Choppers, recommend the above for the reasons given. Illustrated catalog free. Sold at Hardware and General Stores, etc.

ENTERPRISE

Sausage

Staffer

and

Lard

Press

Lessens the labor at butchering time. Two machines in one. Well made and does its work quickly and surely. Cylinder is bored true and plate fits accurately. Pressure cannot cause meat to rise above the plate. The Patented Corrugated spout prevents air from entering casing, ensuring perfect filling and preservation of sausage.

Machine can be changed into a Lard Tress in a minute's time. Can also be used as a Fruit Press.

Your dealer should be able to supply you with the "Enterprise" Sausage Stufferand Lard Press. If not, order direct of makers.

No. 25—4 quart Japanned Price $5.50 4 sizes Tinned and Japanned

ENTERPRISE

The "Enterprise" Bone, Shell and Corn Mill is a good, general mill for farmers, poultrymen, etc., and for compactness, strength and durability is unexcelled. Handy for grinding poultry food and making bone meal fertilizer. Mill shown incutS8.50, weight 60 lbs., grinds 1 '4 bu. corn per hour. Look for the name "Enterprise" on the machine you buy.

Grind up dry bones, oyster and other shells, corn, etc., for your hens and watch results.

Other famous " Enterprise" household specialties are: Coffee Mills; Raisin Seeders; Fruit, Wine and Jelly Presses; Cherry Stoners ; Cold Handle Sad Irons, Etc., Etc.

Sold at Hardware and General Stores, etc.

Write for "The Enterprising Housekeeper," a book of 200 choice recipes and kitchen helps. Tree on request.

Bone, Shell

and Corn

Mill

THE ENTERPRISE MFC. CO. of PA., 223 Dauphin St., Philadelphia, Pa

Poland - CKinas.

A superior lot of Pigs by "Top Chief," Gray's Ideal 65S05, and other noted boars. (an furnish pairs not akin to those previously purchased. Come to headq uarters and get the best at one-hait "Western prices. Oldest herd in the State.

j. B. GRAY, Fredericksburg, Va.

EXCELLENT

SHORTHORN HEIFERS AND BULLS.

By the Scotch topped Bull, Royal Lad (advertised by the old reliable breeders, P. S. Lewis & Son, as the best bull ever bred on their farm) by th« International winner, Frantic Lad, son of The Lad for Me, champion of America in 1900. Also a few fresh Shorthorn Cows.

Pure Yearling SOUTHDOWN RAMS by Senator, a prize winner in Canada as a lamb and a yearling. He was bred by Hon. George Drummond, th» foremost Southdown breeder In America.

11. J. HANCOCK & SON, "Ellerslle," Charlottesville, Va

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1115

B>B>B>B>B>B>B>BIC>B>B>B>S>B>BK:>B»B>B>B»B>B>B>B>B>B>B>B*B>B>B>B>B>B>B>B>B>B>B>B>B

u

Incorporated 1007. "STANDARD OP EXCELLENCE." Capital Stock, SI00,000.

THE VIRGINIA STOCK FARM CO.

incorporated.

Bellevue, Bedford County, Virginia.

J. ELLIOTT HALL, General Manager.

H

Copyright, 1908. By The Virginia Stock Farm Co., Inc.

THOROUGHBRED STALLION

Standard Type of the kind to sire Heavy Weight Hunters.

Drawing by Geo'. Ford Morris.

BUT A SAMPLE!

The above is but a sample of the many superb illustrations contained in our new Catalogue, "Inaugural Announcement." It also contains many other illustrations, showing the Standard Types of the different breeds handled by this concern. In addition to the illustrations and in connection therewith are brief chapters of valuable information pertaining to each breed. This book tells what breeds are the best adapted to Virginia and why they are the best. It also explains in detail the objects and purposes of this concern. It Will interest all farmers! It will interest you! "Write for one to-day. They are free, and a post card, with your name and address is all that is necessary. Please do us and the publishers the kindness to mention The Southern Planter when writing.

Address the Company as above, or the General Manager.

J. ELLIOTT HALL, Bellevue, Virginia.

FOR SALE.—Combination mare. Park chestnut, some white. Six years old. City broke and safe for a lady's use. Nice in harness. Superb walk, trot, canter mare. A bargain. Price $300.

CHB<B«B<E<B<B<B<B<B<B<B4B<B<B<B<E<B<B<C<B<B<B<B<B<B<B<B<B<B<B<B<n<12<C<2<2<n<C<c<c

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

teen cents at any hardware store, and not only lessen the labor, but make the slaw much nicer. Shave the cabbage fine, and pour over it a dressing made of one cup of good vinegar, boiled; beat two eggs with one-half cup of sugar, one teaspoon of mustard, one teaspoon of celery seed, one teaspoon cf salt, a little bit of black and red pepper, a large tablespoon of butter. Beat hard and pour the boiling vinegar over it. Return to the fire and let it thicken. When cold add a cup of cream.

Scalloped Tomatoes. Turn the tomatoes out of the can into a pudding dish, season with salt, pepper, sugar, and spread over the top of it a layer of fine bread crumbs with bits of butter about on it, bake for nearly an hour with a plate over it. then allow it to brown for a few minutes.

Candied Sweet Potatoes. Drop the potatoes into a pot of boiling water and cook them until they are tender. Take them out and drop them into cold water for a minute; this makes the skin slip off more easily. After they are skinned slice them neatly, and spread the slices on a pan. Put a bit of butter on each ! slice, and sprinkle well with white ; sugar, and a dust of nutmeg. Put the pan into the stove and let the potatoes brown and glaze. Serve very hot.

Pumpkin Pie. Peel the pumpkin, and cut it into : thin slices, boil in just water enough ; to prevent its sticking and burning. : The best way is to let the pan set on the back of the stove all day and I simmer. When they are tender mash them through the colender. To one .quart of the pumpkin add one quart of rich milk or cream. One teaspoon of ginger, one of cinnamon, one -jf nutmeg. The grated rind of two lemons, a pinch of mace, one teaspoon of salt, two teacups of sugar, half a cup of butter, and six eggs, beaten separately. Let it get cold and bake in deep pie pans, lined with rich pastry. Just before serving sprinkle with sugar.

White Caramel Cake. Six eggs, four cups of flour, two cups of sugar, one cup of butter, one cup of milk, one teaspoon of soda, "and two of cream tartar, juice and rind of a lemon. Filling: Two cups of white sugar, and one of milk, a tablespoon of butter; boil until thick. Pour out and flavor with pineapple or lemon, and beat until it thickens, then spread over and between the layers. Cheap Fruit Cake. Five heaping cups of flour, two of sugar, one of butter, six eggs, half pound of raisins, half pound of currants, one-fourth of a pound of citron, one teaspoon each of cinnamon, nutmeg nnd cloves. One glass of brandy. Bake in loaf.

Apple Preserves. Peel and quarter the apples. Drop

M. M. SUTHERLAND,

ANSORA GOATS

for sale. I have a very fine lot of does as well as some excellent bucks which I will sell at reasonable prices or exchange them for Horses or Mules. Write me at once,

WYTHV1LLE, VA.

RED POLL CATTLE.

I offer for sale 1 three-year-old bull, 4 cows, 2 two-year-old and 3 yearling' heifers; also 3 heifer calves. All registered and eligible to registry in Red Poll Herd Book. Choice breeding and In good condition. Fine opportunity for establishing a herd. Will sell lot or single individuals. Foundation stock selected from best Ohio herd.

JOS. E. WILLARD.

Fairfax. Vm.

Address: A. C. Bleigkt, Supt

ANIMAL DIP- DISINFECTANT- LICE KILLER-WORM POWDER

USED AT 44 AGRICULTURAL COLLEGES js for sale AT ALL DEALERS everywhere

SEND FOR FREE 64 PAGE VETERINARY BOOK ,

IF ZENOLEUM IS NOT SATISFACTORY, EITHER vur OR YOUR DEALER WILL REFUND YOUR MONEY

93 LAFAYETTE AVENUE. DETROIT, MICHIGAN

THE ZENNER DISINFECTANT CO.. MAKERS.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1117

them for ten minutes in weak lime water. Weigh them and allow three quarters of a pound of sugar to each pound of apples. Sprinkle the sugar over the apples, adding ginger, mace and allspice. Let it stand for several hours, then add water to half cover and put on the stove. Let it boil hard for ten minutes and set away in the kettle till the next day. Boil half an hour and they are ready for use, but are better for keeping a while.

Mince Meat. Two quarts of cold beef chopped fine. One pound of suet, very dry, chopped, three pints of raw apples, cut in very small pieces, two pounds of seeded raisins, three pounds of currants, one quarter of a pound of citron, shredded, one quarter of a pound of butter, one pint of stewed dried apples, one tablespoon each of salt, cinnamon, alspice, cloves, ginger, nutmeg, juice of two lemons, the yellow rind of two lemons, two quarts of sweet cider, three and half pounus brown sugar, one cup of good brandy or whiskey. Mix well and pack in jars. Pound the spices and cook the currants in a little water for fifteen minutes. CARAVEN.

HOW TO SAVE $45.00 IN" FATTENING THIRTY HOGS. One of the neatest and most complete 1909 catalogues that we have received this season has just reached our desk from the well-known firm, Rippley Hdw. Mfg. Co., Grafton, 111., [manufacturers of 'whitewashers, cook-1 ers, sprayers, prepared spraying mixtures, etc. We note that breeders, fruit growers and farmers who use their $5.00 whitewasher claim one man with it will whitewash more buildings, and do a better job, in one hour than five men could do with brushes in the same time. Stockmen that use their cooker claim they save one-third to one-half their feed, and their stock and hogs fatten in one-fourth less time. Examples in their catalogue show how you can save $45.00 in feed on thirty hogs by using one of their No. 20 Cookers. Their cookers are also used for boiling spraying mixtures, heating hog and poultry houses, work shops, heating water in stock tanks, and for ordering tobacco there is not a better and cheaper machine to use on the market.

The Rippley Co. also sell a full line of poultry supplies, and it will no doubt pay you to get a copy of their 1909 catalogue, and state you saw their advertisement in the December issue of the Southern Planter.

Roane Co., Tenn., Mch. 16, '08. I have a high regard for the Southern Planter and find many things in its columns to interest me.

W. C. SHAW.

GOOD

mm

EVEN

ruts

: ™y it

MAKT

mm, *

UMC

r NEWCLUB SHOT SHELLS

in all combinations of shot and BLACK POWDER ]

These uniform hard hitting shells have stood the test of time; more are sold than all other makes of black powder shells combined. Their 20 years of popularity proves their superior quality. Only the best powder wads and shot used in their loading. Look for the red ball U. M. C. trade mark.

Write for Free Game Laws.

THE UNION METALLIC CARTRIDGE CO.,

Bridgeport, Conn.

Agency, 313 Broadway, New York, N. Y.

P^

Keep Your Savings Safe.

Money deposited with the Planters National Bank, is not only absolutely safe, but is earning- you a liberal rate of interest, and is protected by the LARGEST SURPLUS AND PROFITS OF ANY NATIONAL BANK SOUTH OF WASHINGTON, D. C.

We invite your account. Whether large or small, it will receive the same courteous and liberal treatment that is accorded the thousands of our well-satisfied depositors.

3 Per Cent, interest paid on savings accounts from date of deposit.

Write to-day for booklet, "How to Bank by Mail."

Planters National BanK,

Richmond, Va.

Capital,

Surplus and Profits

$ 300,000 00 $1,140,000 00

CLARK'S SAMPSON TOBACCO PRESS AND JACKS.

Every tobacco grower should have one or more ©f these presses. Save money by using this press; make money pressing for others. The platform «f this press is 3% feet wide and 4 feet long. The height in the clear is 4 feet. The press or jack stand is on top of Itfie beam overhead. This is a very powerful press.

Many Hundredsof them are now In use in the tobaec* Sections We sometimes make them much larger for special work. It is used for pressing in barrels, hogheads and cases, fruit, tobacco, dry goods, also for tank scrap, etc. It weighs about 660 lbs. The wood work is made of the best hard maple, ash or oak. The iron work is constructed of the best malleable iron and steel, strongy bolted together. Write to-day for FREE BOOKLET and Special Prices. CUTAWAY HARROW CO , 861 Main St., HIGGANTJM, CONN.

TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

A JOURNAL OF EASTERN TRAVEL.

Landing in Japan.

Article III. By "Traveller."

We had had visions of landing in Japan in Lampans, flat native boats, poled with a back motion, followed by a rigid examination in the customs, and proceeding thence by rickshaws. However, we soon learned that the •way of the tourist is made easy, and in the beaten paths everything is in foreign style.

We sped up from our anchorage to the hatoba in a steam launch, did not enter the custom house, and our friends brought us to the Grand Hotel in their carriage. The stormy reception of the Peace Commission which we had dreaded did not occur for the feeling had quieted down very much, and there was a long line of police out to prevent a demonstration. Things looked so entirely natural as we drove up the water front or Bund that we thought it could not really be Japan. The Standard Oil place met our eyes at one corner, the Singer Sewing Machine at another. All the buildings were in foreign style, and the Grand Hotel might be any where in Europe or America. Our friends left us here to rest up for the afternoon. Obsequious clerks bowed us to our rooms and our trunk came in so short a time that we soon felt entirely settled. Our room "boy," a toothless old man of seventy-five, brought us water and writing materials, and strove to make us feel quite at home by bobbing and smiling. Scarcely had we taken off our wraps when a knock came at the door and Tom, the famous Chinese tailor, arrived with samples of linen, pongee and crepe, patterns and measurements, ready to fit us out in purple and firte linen. The Chinese are important figures in Japan, and are expert clerks and accountants as well as tailors. In the last role they are very successful, and few people can resist them, but we were not prepared at this time to combine dress making with sis:ht seeing. Tom was followed by humbler members of his trade and they in turn by shoemakers, women with embroidery, washerwomen, maids, or ayahs. Finally, a very elegant-gentleman came and said he would Hke to be our iguide, but we politely 1 ' declined his offer. When we got tirecj of these visitors, we decided to go out and see something of the place. We went into the court to call two rickshaw boys, and a dozen surrounded us at once. We asked one whose looks we liked if he spoke English and he replied, effusively, "Yes; I speak English," a common, but ill-founded illusion among the Japanese. "What is your name?" we asked, and he again replied, "Yes," which was all we could get out of him, thoueh his running capacity proved excellent. We stepped into tlhe rickshaws, which are small, two-wheeled carts, with a cover over them, somewhat resembling a baby

Alfalfa thrives best on a soil well supplied with POTASH, -phosphoric acid and lime. In preparing your land for alfalfa this fall don't forget to insure your crop against weeds and winter-killing by applying, broadcast, ten days before planting, 600 pounds of 2-8-10 fertilizer per acre. Most fertilizers are -weak in Potash. Make them complete by adding Potash—io/o—or 25 lbs. Muriate of Potash to each 100 lbs of fertilizer. Call on your dealer for POTASH at once as next week may be too late to get the goods delivered in time for use.

Potash Grows Alfalfa

Send for our books containing facts about soil, crops, manures and fertilizers. Mailed free

I GERMAN KALI WORKS, Candler Bldg., Atlanta, Oa.

\^ NEW YORK—93 Nassau St. CHICAGO—Monadnock Bldg.

SAN JOSE SCALE

Our product for killing San Jose Scale has all the good features and none of the bad ones of other remedies. It is not an experiment in any way.

WE CAN SAVE YOU 50 PER CENT

The first cost of our product is less than Lime Sulphur and large fruit growers report it to be more effectual than any other remedy.

Write Now For Our Free Book

A large fruit grower using 40 bbls. a season who has tested everything, writes us "I will give your product preference over every make."

F. G. STREET & CO., 27 Railroad Street, ROCHESTER, N. Y.

CURK'S DOUBLE ACTION CUTAW4T" HARROW.

WITH EXTENSION HEAD is needed on every farm. It will increase your crops 25 to 50 per cent. This machine will cut from 28 to 30 acres, or will double-cut 15 acres in a day. It is drawn by two medium horses. It will move 15000 tons of earth one foot in a day, and can be set to move the earth but little, or at so great an angle as to move all the earth one foot. Runs true in line of draft and keeps the surface true.

BIG

CROPS

All other disk harrows have to run in half lap. |

The jointed pole takes all the ,*=ss3!

weight off the horses' necks, and

keeps their heels away from the

disks t jjafff

Wo make 120 sixes and styles of flf iMj Disk Harrows. Every machine fullyMr^F

warranted. Entire satisfaction W y innw

guaranteed. *" nAKKUW

Send to-day for free Booklet with full particulars.

CUTAWAY HARROW COMPANY, 861 Main St., HIGGANITM.CONN.

TELL. THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1119

ESTABLISHED 1890.

McCOMB & BLOCK

COMMISSION MERCHANTS

CATTLE, SHEEP, LAMBS, HOGS, FRESH

COWS, CALVES

In Carloads and Small Lots.

To Buyers of Live Stock: We solicit correspondence from those wishing to buy Stock: Cattle, Feeding Steers, Breeding Ewes, Feeding "Wethers and Lambs; In fact. If you wish any kind of Cattle, Sheep or Hogs, we will sell them to you at lowest market prices. Pure-Bred HAMPSHIRE RAMS ready for delivery.

OFFICE UNO PENS:

UNION STOCK YARDS, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA,

'PHONES: OFFICE 139*; RESIOENCE.3224; P. O. BOX. 183

carriage, and our little brown ponies, in their blue cotton blouses and loose pants, with straw sandals and mushroom shaped hats, started off. The first sensation of the ride was amusement at being trundled about by a man smaller than I was, but the comfort of this mode of locomotion soon won me over to it. We whisked out of the foreign settlement on the Bund and into the great shopping districts, Benten and Houchi-Dori. with their curio and silk shops. We stopped at, an exchange shop and got ten Japanese dollars or yen for a five dollar gold piece. The Mexican standard is used throughout the East, and the currency is very simple. The yen and sen are half the value of our dollars and cents. Silver was so high when we were there that we got no exchange on our gold and sometimes lost.

My first impression of Japan was the simallness of things there. Everything seemed to be on a miniature scale. The houses were small, low and crowded together. The streets were filled with ouaint little peonle, all in draperies, so that it was difficult to distinguish the sexes, except by the different arrangement of their straight, black hair. Their physique was not very prepossessing, their almond-shaped eyes give a wierd look to the face which is redeemed, however by their good-natured expression.

We ended our insnection by a visit to Theatre street, which is for all the world like a scene from opera bouffe, with its side shows, booths and stalls. Before the theatres there were the most lurid posters, and ticket agents clamored lou^lv for natronas:e. to the beatiner of drums, which silenced their comnetitnrs in other cheat) amusements. In the onen booths there were hiehly colored pictures, masks, charms and other showy gewgaws, as well as sweets and cakes. Bovs selling the evening paners ran through the streets with chimes of bells around their waists. Others with stransje hieroglyphics on their backs attracted our notice, and we found thev were apprentices, wearing the badge o r

Annual Poultry and Dog Show

VIRGINIA POULTRY ASSOCIATION

RICHMOND, VA. DEC. 7-12-1908

A high class exhibition of pure-bred Poultry Pigeons, Pet Stock and Dogs.

Exhibits desired. Premium list showing list of handsome special and cash /Tizes now ready. Write for same to W. R. Todd., Secy., 426 N. 6th St., Richmond, Va.,

We Want You to Attend and Show With Us.

THE BANN ER SHOW OF THE, SOUTH.

WHEN TRAVELING

ALWAYS CARRY

PER BOTTLEi

hwwm

1 ;:£JC,:

THE GREATEST

OP ALL PAIN CURES

AT HOME OR ABROAD A SAFEGUARD AND NECESSITY

PREPARED BY

GILBERT BR OS. & CO. r** BAL TIMORE MD.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[December,

their masters. A shrill whistle an nounced the blind masseur, groping through the street with a stick. Massage is much used in Japan, and the occupation is left for the blind. Much talk and laughter mingled with the click of high wooden clogs, and the swish of drapery. In the twilight, lanterns began to flash about like huge fire-flies, and soft cries of Kuruma! Kuruma! (rickshaw) resounded through the air as business closed and workers went home.

Reaching the hotel, we consulted our watch and found we had been out an hour. "Ikura?" (how much), we innocently asked our boys. Discovering by our question that we were newcomers, or "griffins" in slang parlance, they promptly answered, "one yen." As we dropped the coins into their out-stretched hands, a lady came up in great indignation and protested. She assured us we were giving them the full fare for a whole day. Even so. One always has to buy experience. This incident put us on our guard for the future and led to our forming a warm friendship for the lady who protected us. She, with her husband, Col. iS., became our guide, philosopher and friend in the East—our peerless Lara.

We next went to the office to have a cable message sent home, informing our family of our safe arrival in Japan, and the clerk asked us please to sign a chit for it. Thus we were introduced to that Oriental system which goes hand in hand with perdition. One can sign a chit or I. O. U. for anything under the sun, from a postage stamp to a. house and lot. When our bills came in, we had always several dozen chits, as we had the hotel to pay everything for us. I may mention en passant, that the cablegram which we sent frorr Yokohama on the afternoon of October 16, 1904. reached our Virginia home on the morning of October 16th, so wide is the difference between Oriental and Occidental time.

The hotels in the East are very satisfactory in their charges, and there are no extras on the bill. We paid from 3.00 to $4.00 per day, which included everything, heat, light, baths and afternoon tea. Thus we always knew beforehand what our expenses would be. Our first dinner in the East was interesting. The large dining-room was crowded with fashionable patrons, and profusely decorated with pink chysanthemums. A silver epergne in the center of the room held perhaps 200 large vase? of them, and each table had shaded pink lights to match, and a cunning dwarf plant of some sort in a pot. A full Japanese band was playing gaily

Some little princes of the blood had the seats of honor. The Marchioness Oyama, with her children, was another striking figure. She stands for the highest development on con-

ohnDeere

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TRADE. *

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No matter where you may live, or what crops you grow, there is a John Deere plow made specially for your kind of work. 1000 different styles and shapes.

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Write ior Free Booklet No.

Beautifully illustrated. Shows photos of plowing scenes from all countries. Lots of valuable information. Give No. of booklet and mention this paper.

DEERE & COMPANY, Moline, Illinois

->

Cotton and Corn Planters Praise

Blount's "True Blue" Middle-Breaker

Over 50,000 in Use tin Mississippi Alone! Greatest Labor Saver on the Plantations! Here Are Brief Extracts from Letters of Prominent Planters Throughout the South:

O. H. Teal, Colfax, La., writes: "Blount's 'True Blue' Middle-Brenkers are very satisfactory. Their beams are short and you can make smaller turn rows. They take the ground readily. I have several that I have been

E. J. Mullens, Clover Hill, M ; writes: "I consider I have made $1,000 of cotton on land which would have had to lie idle if I had not gotten your 'True Blue' Middle-Breakers."

BurchWil]iams,EvansviHe,Miss., writes: "I consider any land in the Mississippi bottom can be bedded thoroughly with these plows. I had 50acresthat the cotton was drowned out on and the water grass came up from 6 to 8 inches high. I completely covered this and it decayed perfectly and I made 2,000 bushels of corn that season."

Saves HALF in TIME-MEN-MULES' 1

Joshua Mulligan, Wesson, Miss., writes: "The 'True Blue* is strongly made. Two yoke of cxen could not bend the beam."

L. E. Lea, Brookhaven, Miss., writes: *'I think they are the greatest labor savers of any plow made."

James Spencer, Summit, Miss., says: "The 'True Blue* is the best cotton tool we have."

J. H.Whjttington, Summit,Miss., writes: "It saves the labor of one man. There is no other that can take its place."

Hundreds of planters back up this statement.

You'll find their letters in the "TRUE BLUE"

BOOKS-Sent FREE. Write for

these books and the Catalog:

today. Cut the expense of

planting: and cultivating: by

using the "True Blue "

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Leading Dealers Sell the "True Blue" Line

Starts or Stops the Spray Instantly

The "Kanf-Klog" Sprayer

Gets twice the results with same labor and fluid. Send postal today for free interesting booklet, explaining how the "Kant-Klog" gives

Nine Sizes of Round or Flat Fine or Coarse Sprays

7 ~ =L ._ or solid sfeams all from the same nozzle. ;==__ Ten different styles of sprayers for all kinds of spraying, whitewashing, etc., etc AGENTS WANTED Rochester Spray Pump Co., K % '„! I.Vr "*V.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOTJTHEKN PLANTER

1121

servative lines of tine New Woman of Japan.

Many Americans were present, and the smiling countenance of William J. Bryan cast a glow over one end of the room. He was making the same trip as we, and at every place where he stopped, he was well received and royally entertained. Our boy pulled back our chairs, and handed us the menu, with a low bow. We looked it over and discovered a queer name which we knew must be Japanese, and we ordered it, but could not eat it when it came. Here we asked for "consomme," but the boy could not understand, and brought the steward, an Englishman, who asked us please to order by the numbers after the things, as the boys could not understand the names. Then we noticed for the first time that everything on the menu was numbered, and we dined off of 7, 10, 13, 17 and 21. Seventeen was pea hulls, a new dish to us, and not very nice. They are pulled before the peas mature, are boiled and seasoned with butter. Other Japanese dainties we got acquainted with were bamboo sprouts and lily roots, both very edible. We never oared very much for the fruit, though the persimmons are large and look pretty. They serve a quantity of mandarin oranges, fresh figs, grapes and apples.

We soon found ourselves pleasantly launched out into the life of Yokohama. It is such a gay, amusing place that many travelers cannot tear themselves away from it, but pass their whole visit to Japan in the big carved chairs and sofas of the Grand Hotel. We would sit for hours on the terrace, watching the passing show. Outside there were jugglers, singers, dancers and dwarfs to amuse us. Peddlers brought their packs, and a Singalese jeweler tempted us with his unset stones. Before us lay the bay with the ships of the nations upon it, and behind us was glorious Fuji-yama, the sacred mountain of Japan, a volcanic peak, 13,000'feet high. After getting a view of this peerless mountain, we felt that its beauties had been very inadequately depicted on China, fans and screens. The Japanese hold it in great honor on account of the legends and traditions associated with it. About 18,000' pilgrims ascend it annually. The base is cultivated up to 1,50'0 feet, and above this is a grassy moorland for 4,000 feet. The summit consists of a series of peaks, surrounding the crater, which is 2,000 feet in diameter. Painters .and poets find much to admire in the union of grace and majesty which it presents.

CLAUDE G. STEPHENSON,

Virginia Properties, Herndon, Va.

Farms For Sale in Northern Virginia, within one to two hours run of the National Capital.

LOUDOUN COUNTY,

THE FAMOUS BLUE-GRASS REGION.

290 acres of the finest bluegrass land; large stone house; fine barn and outbuildings; excellent orchard; running water in every field; well fenced; beautifully located only four miles from the railroad by excellent roads. No better stock farm in the state. Price, $19,000; terms if desired.

180 acres of excellent blue grass land and most conveniently located; brick and stone buildings and in good shape; well watered and fenced; good orchard. Price $13,500.

155 acres of the best blue grass land; fine orchard; well watered and fenced; brick house with hot and cold water and bath; splendid farm buildings and all in perfect condition; located within four miles of Paeonian Springs where is found the finest school in the county. This is in every way a superior property. Price $12,400. Easy terms.

150 acres of fine blue grass land; with good improvements; splendid orchard; well watered and fenced and desirably located. Price $9,000. Terms if desired.

325 acres of fine quality blue grass land; convenient to Round Hill; large brick house; good barn and outbuildings; w ell watered; fine neighborhood. This would make a magnificent stock farm. The cheapest really good property in the county. Price $7,500. One-half cash and the balance in two and three years.

120 acres of good blue grass land; improvements fair; only 4 miles from good town on the R. R. Price $6,000

FAIRFAX COUNTY.

Most Conveniently located and Nearest Washington City.

550 acres and over, with good improvements; large frame dwelling, and all necessary farm buildings; excellent soil, and splendidly watered. This is without doubt naturally the best stock farm in Fairfax County. Price $13,000. Terms reasonabe.

130 acres well improved and in good condition; fine location; good water and orchard. Price $10,500.

28% acres at Herndon, the great dairy town of Northern Virginia; good house with bath. Only $4,500.

50 acres near Herndon; fair improvements; fruit and well fenced; conveniently located. Price $3,500.

58 acres convenient to Herndon, within three miles; well improved; abundance of fruit; well watered. Suitable for dairy and poultry; only $2,500.

SPECIAL, BARGAINS.

227 acres ^.ell improved and conveniently located; stone house; fine blue grass land. This farm with all stock, farm machinery and household goods is being offered cheap.

310 acres of good land with magnificent house and barn and good outbuildings; fine fruit; very productive; offered for less than house cost to effect immediate sale.

CLAUDE G. STEPHENSON,

HERNDON, VA.

JOHN F. JERSVIAN,

Headquarters for Virginia Property, Fairfax Va.

Washington Office, No. 1220 H Street, N. W., and Vienna, Va.

If you want to buy a grain, dairy, fruit, truck, poultry or blue grass farm, city or village property, or any kind of business proposition, such as hotel*, stores, livery stables, schools, or any kindd of shop, it will pay yo» to send for my 60-page catalogue. It is full of bargains, near steam and electric railroads and near Washington, D. C, where we have the best of markets. I an always ready to show my property. I try to please.

MY MOTTO:

HONESTY AND FAIR DEALINGS.'

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

UNTIL YOU INVESTIGATE "THE MASTER WORKMAN,*

a two-cylinder gasoline, kerosens %t

: afcon engine, superior to any one-cylinder engine; revolutionizing power. Its weight and bulk are half that of single cylinder engines, with greater durability. CostE '.< 5*0 tfo Buy—Lese to Run, Quickly, easily started Vibration practically overcome. Cheaply mounted on any wagon. It is a combination portable, stationary or traeUW fiKSaj&s, 9mem WO* 0*x*Jt«roil T1LK TEMP" .* PUM.P CO Mfr» Hit-asher Mil X<3th ism." Chicago THIS IS OUR FIFTY -FIFTH YEAR,

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

[December,

A Japanese poet speaks of it as "Great Fuji-San, towering to the

sky." While idling in Yokohama, we picked up some bits of the Japanese language, which proved very useful to us in our travels. Knowing one important word will often save the situation. The language is soft and pretty, and has many sounds resembling Italian. It abounds in horrofics and humilities. Everything pertaining to the first person is vile and despicable, whilst everything relating to the second person is honorable and praiseworthy. The construction of the language shows all the windings and turnings of the Oriental mind, and translated literally English would make utter nonsense For example, "Don't do that" is translated "Honorably abstaining condescend," and "Excuse me" is "August, pardon, deign." A foreigner talking with a Japanese lady through an interpreter found that her name was Miss Nightingale. Aiming to be very igallant, he said, "I wish I could put you in a golden cage and carry you away." When the interpreter translated his remark, the lady became very cool, and the polite foreigner did not discover until long afterwards that his remarks had been translated, "I wish I could shut you up in a box."

The Japanese read a great deal, but literature is at a low ebb with them. Its place is supplied by charming myths and folk lore. Poetry is highly esteemed, and in the olden times, women were prominent in this vocation. The 'censorship of the press is so severe that the jails are full of editors. Nothing is more common than a notice that a certain paper has been stopped by Imperial decree.

The Temple Pump Co., of Chicago, is the pioneer in the manufacture of the Multinle Cylinder Gasoline Engine. The "Master Workman," a double cylinder gasoline engine, was the first on the field. Now, the whole course of progress in the making of gas engines is towards the multinle cylinder type, ensines of two, four, six, and eight cylinders being made. The Temple Pumn Co. are now manufacturing two and four cylinder engines for general farm use.

The advantages of the two and four cylinder engines for the farm aro: Economy in the use of fuel, greater certainty of continuous running, quick and easv starting, less cumbersome-ness and adaptation not only for stationery use. but for portable and traction use. Sooner or later the need of an engine for traction purposes as well as for stationary will be felt by every agriculturist.

This is the fifty-fifth year of the Temple Pump Company.

Please mention the Southern Planter.

A December Bargain

Send today for our magnificent offer of 10 fruit trees: 2 Peach, 2 Apple, 2 Cherry, 2 Plum and 2 Pear, for only $1—with copy of our matchless new 1909 catalogue. All these trees are of the best standard kinds, 4 to 6 feet high, and of the superior Harrison quality that has made our Nurseries famous everywhere.

Fruit Trees Worth $2.30 to You for Only $1

Write us now, and by return mail you will get coupon good for $1.30 of the $2.30 which is the regular price of the ten trees. Such a bargain is so unusual that you should not fail to take advantage of it. Don't put it off—send today!

J. G. HARRISON & SONS, Box 214, BERLIN, MARYLAND

You will become a regular customer if you try our stock; hence this special offer of first-clas» trees at bargain prices. We want a trial order from you and will make it worth your while to send it.

42 YEARS EXPERIENCE.

OLD DOMINION NURSERIES,

W. T. HOOD & CO., Prop., Richmond, Va.

Growers of High Grade Nursery Stock*

Special Inducements In Peach and Kleffer Pears for Commercial Orchards. Full line of Fruit Trees, Ornamental Trees, Roses, Shrubbery, Etc. Plant a California Privet Hedge—none better. Write for our descriptive catalogue of 64 pages—Correspondence Solicited.

..ELMWOOD NURSERIES..

We are Growers and Offer a Fine Assortment of—

APPLES,

CHERRIES,

NECTARINES,

OOOSERBRRIES.

RASPBERRIES,

ORNAMENTALS.

PEACHES,

PLUMS

GRAPE VINES,

STRAWBERRIES,

ASPARAGUS,

SHADE TREES,

PEARS,

APRICOTS,

CURRANTS,

DEWBERRIES,

HORSERADISH,

HEDGE PLANTS.

W RI T E FOB CATALOGUE.

J.B.WATKINS & BRO,Midlothian, Va.

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

1123

INQUIRER'S COLUMN.

All inquiries must reach us by the 15th of the month previous to the issue, or they cannot be answered until the month following.

SOWING APPLE AND PEAR SEEDS.

Will you please state in the next Issue of Southern Planter the best time for planting apple and pear seeds to raise seedlings for grafting purposes.

J. P. PHIPPS.

Ashe Co., N. C.

The seeds should be sown as early In the spring, as the frost is out of the ground. The soil should be well prepared and the best is a loamy soil about five or six inches deep. Do not cover too deeply. Sow in rows and keep cultivated during the summer so as to encourage growth. They should be planted out in the nursery rows the following spring.—Ed.

TO REMOVE WARTS. We have a fine mule that has two warts on it: one on its ear, and one on its side about the size of a quarter. Will you please give a remedy for removing them.

A. M. ALLEY. Rockingham Co., N. C.

If the warts are attached to the skin by a hard dry neck, clip them off with a pair of scissors, or cut with a sharp knife, and touch the root of the neck with lunar caustic. If the neck is a soft fleshy one. tie a silk cord tight around it as close to the skin as possible, and thus cut off the supply of nourishment to the wart, and it will die and drop off. If the warts are flat hard substances, lying close on the skin, burn them off with caustic potash, or lunar caustic—Ed.

PIGS COUGHING—LAME COLT.

I see in your valuable paper an inquiry in the September number of Mr. A. E. Royall, asking as to whn' to do for his pigs. I will give him my experience. I had some affected the same way, and I found that allowing them to stay under the barn, where there is so much dust, getting in their throats, causes them to cough. I stopped mine from going under the barn and stopped the cough. Another innuirer, Mr. Oliver Coleman, asks about.his colt. I can give him some experience also. If he will have a shoe made with a piece of iron about half an inch welded on the toe of the shoe extending up on to the hoof about one inch, and put these shoes on ooth front feet, and allow the colt to walk around, this will correct the trouble. I had one shod in that way, and it came out all right, and had "beautiful feet. As the feet came back I increased the size and weight of the piece on the toe of the shoe. I

THE BEST IS INVARIABLY THE CHEAPEST

This Rule Applies Particularly to seeds

Ours are backed by a Reputation of over 105 years standing

OUR CATALOGUE is a guide to the Horticulturist or Agriculturist, and is invaluable to the Professional as well as to the Amateur Gardener.

Our Seed Catalogue Ready^ January 1 MAILED FREE

J.fM. THORBURN & CO.

33 BARCLAY STREET, through tol38J»ARK5 PLACE Dept. S NEW YORK

—

f

City Seedsmen Prices

!

^MMKBMBBimHIHEraB Lgf us sen( j y OU our catalog of seeds==lt's different. It tells you facts, and why we can save you money, and give you a guaranteed SQUARE DEAL. Just drop a postal today and see the difference in buying your seeds in country or city. FORREST SEED CO., Box 42 Cortland, N. Y.

Farms in Northern Virginia

DAIRY, GRAIN, STOCK, POULTRY, FRUIT.

Near "Washington and Baltimore, and in easy reach of Philadelphia and New York.

Unlimited markets and unsurpassed shipping facilities. Reasonable in price. Near good live towns, schools and churches. Write us. CL.AUDE G. STEPHENSON. (Successor to Stephenson & Rainey, Herndon, Va.)

THE SOUTHEEE" PLANTER

[December,

saw these inquiries as I was looking for some information which is always to be found in the Southern Planter. I consider it the best paper printed. One copy I sent to my sister, Mrs. W. R. Capehart, of Avoca, got you lots of subscribers, which I was glad to see, when I went over there. Wishing you grand success. D. G. BOND. Chowan Co, N. C.

RESTORING FERTILITY.

I am a merchant here, but have recently bought a small farm, more to divert my mind from business than anything else. I have been taking your farm paper, and have been following your teachings as near as I could, and have always found them profitable. I find that as a fertilizer nothing will equal stable manure, but it is not always convenient to get it in the quantities I want. What I want to ask is, Is there any combination of fertilizers that will add humus to the land and that will equal stable manure? Will commercial fertilizer and legumes turned under do it? I will appreciate it if you will write something bearing on this in the Southern Planter, or if you prefer, write, me direct.

Tennessee. "X."

There is no fertilizer of a commercial character that wiil directly add humus to the soil, but through the proper use of the legume crops one can add humus more rapidly through the use of the proper fertilizers for them, than he could ever hope to with stable manure. And the growing of these crops will give him the food material that will enable him to make more manure, for while the turning down of a legume crop will at once add more humus-making material to the soil, it is always better economy to mow and use the crop as feed, for you can save at least eighty per cent, of the manurial value, and get the feeding value, too. I have tried to put this matter in plain language in my last book, "Practical Farming," and you can get more from that than in many letters. Adopt a short rotation in which peas and clover come in frequently on the land, and always have a cover of some growing crop on the land in winter to save nitrates that would be washed out, and to restore humus-making material in the spring for the hoed crops. Then use a manure spreader to make your manure go further, and you will soon be able to cover a cornfield with manure annually. When you arrive at that point, the way is clear.

W. F. MASSEY.

Buy Hot-Bed Sash NOW

and Grow Garden Stuff for Early Market

Don't qnit the gnme just when the biggest profits of the year are in sipht. The early vegetable market is the cream of the entire season. We will sell vou the necessary Hot-Bed Sash AT 50 PER CENT BELOW LOCAL DEALERS'

PRICES. Use them to extend your growing season right straight throu/h to the time when prices are highest. Use them for wintering flowers, by protecting the seedlings. Use them for Cold Frames, after plants are well started. Use them to keep the chickens warm during the cold snaps of winter, and spring will find your Hot-Beds, ready to force the early vegetables on the market at fancy prices.

Genuine Cypress Sash, 3x6 ft., with 45 Lights of Glass, at Less than Dealers Ask for Ordinary "Open" Sash

Gordon-Van Tine 45-Light Hot-Bed Sash will enable you to grow vegetables from January to January. They are a wonderful improvement over the old-style sash. The 45 overlapping lights produce a Hot-House temperature perfectly.

The sash are genuine Louisiana Cypress. Glass rut in with putty and points. Bars firmly secured to bottom rail. Entire sash coated with Pure Linseed Oil. Our Drice for the sash, complete with glass, ready for immediate use, is less than retail dealers ask for ordinary unsrlazed sash. We carry a tremendous stock, and ship to gardeners everywhere, un<ier a guarantee of Safe Delivery and Satisfaction. Save time by ordering direct from this advertisement!

Storm Sash at Cut Prices

Order your 8torm Sash enrlyl These fuel-savers insure cold weather comfort and protect your health, at trifling cost. We sell at bO/ c below retail dealers' prices.

Grand Millwork and Builders' Catalog Just Out! Free to You! Write Today! $gj?s£3£2}i*

Doors. Windows, Moulding, Roofing. Inside Finish, Stair and Porch Work, Hardwood Flooring, Lumber, etc. Over 5.000 Bargains! Buy all Building Material direct from America's Greatest Millwork Plant and save the dealers' outrageous profitsl

GORDON-VAN TINE CO., 1398 Case St., Davenport lows

45-Light Sash

3x6 ft., 1% thick, Complete with Glass,

$i„69

ESTABLISHED 1850.

1,200 ACRES.

s>

*&

We are wholesale growers of first class nursery stock of all kinds, Fruit, Shade, Ornamental Trees, Shrubbery, Hedges, Small Fruits, etc., Asparagus, Strawberries, and California Privet In large quantities.

The BEST Is the CHEAPEST. Ours Is the CHEAPEST because It Is the BEST. Handling Dealers' orders a specialty. Catalogue free.

FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY COMPANY.

Baltimore, Maryland.

GROUND PHOSPHATE ROCK

28 to 30 Per Cent. Phosphoric Acid.

Higher in Phosphoric Acid than Bone or Acid Phosphate, and at one-third the cost. Unequalled for composting, mixing with barnyard manure, or direct application. For prices write.

W. B. ALEXANDER & CO., Mt. Pleasant, Tenn.

FERTILIZER FOR GRASS.

Would you please guide me in the

following? I run a small dairy, and

have a fairly large pasture (about

five or six acres), which does not

AGRICULTURAL LIME.

from MANUFACTURER TO FARMER CHEAP

I No Agents

Lime Screenings and Run of Kiln. TAZEWELL WHITE LIME WORKS, - - - - -

No. Tazewell, Ta.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1125

yield much grazing, but seems full of small white clover. I expect to leave this farm next fall. I want you to tell me what fertilizer I should use to produce me a heavy crop of grass and clover, on this pasture during next spring and summer. If I use bone meal when should I apply it to have the full benefit of the application? What fertilizer should I follow up with in the spring. I intend pasturing some rye until the grass gets ahead good.

CHAS. JEWETT. Princess Anne Co., Va.

Under the conditions you name I hardly think it would pay you to use bone meal largely, since you expect to keep the place but one season. The best thing to encourage a good growth of the grass will be to apply about 100 pounds per acre of nitrate of soda as growth starts in the spring. This will be used at once, and will rapidly encourage the growth of the pasturage, and will ans^ -your purpose better than anything I can suggest otherwise.

W. F. MASSEY.

OAT GROWING—GRASS SEEDING.

I have a field that I wish to seed in oats in the spring. The field was in corn this year, made about forty bushels per acre without any fertilizer. The land has been in cultivation three years: one corn crop, one rye crop, and one corn crop. White oak timber and black soil. Do you think it will pay to use fertilizer on this land? Fertilizer is costly here, as we have to haul it twenty miles. A fourteen per cent, phosphate costs $20.00' per ton here.

Would you use a grain drill to seed oats in spring? Is it safe to sow clover, timothy and red top in March, or would the frost kill it?

J. M. STEPHENS.

Patrick Co., Va.

1. After taking three grain crops from the land without returning anything to it, it is not at all likely that you will be able to secure a satisfactory third crop of grain without giving the land some help. The practice of following one grain crop after another for several years is bad farming, and ought not to be followed. Each grain crop should be followed by a crop to feed the land, and if you had followed the first corn" crop with a crop of crimson clover seeded in the corn at the last working, and plowed this down, or cut into the land with a disc or cultivating harrow in May or June, and then planted cowpeas for a fodder crop, and followed this with crimson clover again for a winter cover, you would now have had a piece of land which would have made you a better corn crop than ever before, and this at very little cost beyond labor, and that would have been more than repaid by the

J ■;SB!S53r^aBHSBB

3 Postal

W'Free W

i

v*j:'v

W

Freii

AHibweri

AMEMCAM

Soid Direct to You— On a Month's A&nrovat Test-Gash os* Time Payments -Freight Aiiowed

The AMERICAN Manure Spreader has proved its merits to the American Farmer— as the STANDARD tor all Manure Spreaders—and that is why it has so many imitators. The AMERICAN is the result of over 25 years of actual manufacturing experience and will pay for itself in less than a year, out of the time and money it saves you. One man and an American Spreader will do as much work as three men and twowagonsspreadingmanuretheold way —and do it better besides covering twice as much ground. Write for our proposition, prices and Catalog and our Free Book of valuable information on Fertilization.

AMERICAN MAttRBW COMPANY 62S Hastings St., Detroit, NSJch.

Our branches enable us to make prompt shipments. Get an American Manure Spreader or a Detroit Tongueless Disc Harrow by ordering early,

.Ge*A

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On a First'Qiass mmmm^® spreatrer

Yours to Try Free My MEW Roller feed &$3F>&a$fep,

Gre atest thing In tfs& sgss-'&adet* line t&elsiy *^&

30 Days—Freight Prepaid

Let me tell you something- I'm making a quotation on the Galloway Wagon Box Spreader so low that farmers all over the country are taking notice— ^jf%S)j§! and sending in their orders while they caJi ff-Su-iaSi get them at this figure. The name—

QALL&WMY

is a guarantee of manure spreader excellence all over the United States—and every one of my Spreaders is backed by my $25,000 Gold Bond.

Here are four things to remember In connection with the Galloway: I. It's the only successful wagon box Spreader in the U.S. 2. It has 7 distinct, separate, original patents. Nothing else like it—or as good. They alone make it worth 825 to $30 more than any other. 3. My own Factory turns'em out— capacity, Seventy Complete Spreaders a day. 4. I make you a price that sells them. That price Is the lowest ever made on a first-class Manure Spreader.

But before you risk one cent on my Spreader I Send it to you to try 30 days free. ^The Galloway Wagon Box Spreader fits any truck

Tho Wm. Gallow&y Go. 9 219

$Q.S,QQ& Guarantee

or high-wheel wagon, and is made in 4 sizes, np to 70 bushels. My big. Free Spreader Catalog and my Special Red Hot Proposition are waiting for you— Spend a cent for a postal today and get your name to me at once. I'll make you the lowest price ever offered on a first-class Spreader—Freight all paid— and show you how to clean up 850.00 clear cash profits. Write me pcrsonally-TODAY. Wm. Galloway, President

Jefferson St., Waterloo, la*

j& SAVE MONEY j&

By writing when in need of any description of

Machinery, Boilers, Engines, Tanks, Cars,

Kail Beams, Channels, Plates, Angles, threaded Pipe sizes(1 to6inches.) All sizes iron pipe and shells for road draining, etc Boxes, Shafting, Pulleys, Hangers, Cable, Belting, and thousands of other useful? articles in the Largest Stock in the South of used

J? SUPPLIES &

CLARENCE COSBY. 1519-31 East Cary St. RICHMOND, VA. L. D. Phone, No. 3526.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

cowpea hay crop. The proper time to have used acid phosphate on the land was for the pea crop, and this would have given you a return both in the pea crop and the corn crop, which you propose to plant, which would more than have paid for the outlay in phosphate, as if applied at the rate of 300 pounds to the acre, it would only have cost according to your statement, $3.00 for the acre. We believe that it would pay you to apply this quantity to the land when preparing the same for the corn crop, and the earlier it is applied the better. It will not leach out. Sow crimson clover in the corn at the last working, and follow the system of giving the land at least one legume crop for its recuperation each year, and better two, and you will be able to maintain its fertility with but little fertilizer, especially if you will feed one of the legume crops with the straw and fodder of the grain crops to stock and carefully save the manure and apply it to the land each year.

2. You can safely sow clover and grass seeds in March, though it is better to sow them in August or September, as they then make a safer stand.—Use a grain drill in seeding the oats.—Ed.

ALFALFA—HUMUS MAKING-LIME—CORN GROWING.

Your correspondents usually omit one very important item in their prescriptions and experiences. They fail to state on what kind of soil they are performing.

1. Do you know whether alfalfa can be grown successfully on stiff red soil, mixed with a sort of granite gravel, and at an altitude of a hundred feet above the river and creek bottom lands?

2. Which would add the most humus to land: a pea crop that would yield two and one-half tons dry hay per acre, plowed under green, or fifteen tons livery stable manure?

3. Would the green crop add more useful material to the soil than the dry hay, and how much?

4. Does unslaked lime lose usefulness to soil when piled in field and allowed to get wet so often that it goes into small harsh lumps instead of powder (as it does when only once slaked)?

5. Is it possible to add manure and commercial fertilizers enough to land in one year to make land produce 10° bushels of corn per acre instead of thirty bushels?

C. E. BLUE. Albemarle Co., Va.

1. Experience has shown conclusively that alfalfa can be most successfully grown on stiff red soil, if only this soil is in a good mechanical and physical condition, well drained, and supplied with lime, and in a good state of fertility.

Get Our Factory Price Direct to You

On 30 Days Approval Test-Gash or Tame— Freight Allowed

It costs you nothing—at our risk—to /'

test the Detroit Tongueless on your work for a month.

We sell only direct, so take this way of proving to you that imitations of the Detroit Tongueless are in no way its equal. We have no dealers or agents so you save their profits on the price you pay us direct. Keep the difference in your own pocket and get the genuine, original and highest class, guaranteed

nt&TiBfMY Tongueless EJSm S ff%9JB S Disc Harrow

The Forward Truck does away with all of the annoyance on the team of the old "tongue"—all neck weight—side draft and sore necks. Note back of the Disc Blades the TRANSPORT TRUCK —an extra attachment—upon which you can mount the machine, taking the Disc Blades oft? the ground, so you can drive over stony ground, rough and sandy roads, bridges, etc. Write today for our price—proposition to you and new 1908-9 Catalog sent FREE. miERIGAN HARROW COMPAXY

65 2 Hastings St., Detroit, Af/cA^

Branch houses in all trade centers enable us to make prompt shipments. Get an American Manure Spreader or Detroit Tongueless Disc Harrow by ordering early,

Write for Price and Guaranty

YlfiS^ A f*IUiE Pulverizing Harrow, CtocS 1 Slid MUlflb Crusher and Leveler

Lowest Priced Riding Harrow

Lightest Dratt

For many years the favorite because it is "the harrow of all work"—the only implement a man needs for following the plow in any field—or stirring any kind of soil.

It Crushes, Cuts, Lifts, Turns, Smoothes and Levels in One Operation

Yet it puts less strain on the horses than any other harrow, ^fep^ O ur book by experts on "Prep-

owing to the sharp, sloping knives. The knives cut through ^^^^. aration of the Soil." The the sod or stubble turned under by the plow, leaving the trash be- ^^^ study of this book means low the surface, while other harrows drag this to the top, where its ^^^. larger and better fertilizing value is wasted. ^^^^ crops for you.

Also Best For Covering Seed. The curving coulters turn every inch of ^^^^ Write postal the soil. Made in different sizes, from 3 feet to 1TA feet in width. ^^^_ now.

Examine the Acme at your dealers. If not there, we will ship direct.

Write for Catalog and Valuable Book on "Preparation of the Soil." Free to you.

PUANE H. NASH, Inc., 146 Central Ave., Millington, N. J.

CLIP YOUR HORSES

Every horse should be clipped in season. Clipping makes your horses look better, feel better and work better. Clipped horses dry quickly, rest well and their food does them good. Progressive farmers and horse owners everywhere now clip regularly, The easiest, quickest way to clip is with the

Stewart No. 1 Ball Bearing $^.50 Clipping Machine — Price, only § =

This splendid machine has all gears cut from solid steel bar, enclosed in dirt proof gear case; all wearing parts are file hard; 6 ft. highest grade flexible shaft and the famous Stewart clipping knife. We guarantee it to please you better than any other machine made at any price or it may be returned at our expense for refund of all money paid out. Get it at your dealer's or send $2.00 and we will ship C. O. D. for the balance. Ask for big new catalogue. Chicago Flexible Short Co. lfQOhioSt. Chicago.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

i

1127

Southern Planters Should Get My VERY ATTRACTIVE OFFER.

Tear Out this Coupon and Mail It to Me for My 1909 Book and Special Price Proposition to You.

William Galloway, President William Galloway Co., 219 Jefferson St., Waterloo, la.

Quote me your lowest factory price

on a 1909 Galloway Spreader. Send

me your Spreader Pay-for-Itself

proposition and 1909 Book Free.

Special Light Draft for Southern work

Wagon-BoM

Saves You SO Per Cent on Price, Fits any Truck, Don't Break up Two Teams

Takes Two Horses, Try it 30 Days Free, Keep Your Money In Your Pocket

tt You Say So, $25,000.00 Guarantee,^! Prepay Ail Freight to You

f CPI I IlVfi DI AM* I'veGot the CaplH and the Factory, So I IlWPPfiVFMFIVTQ* My New ttcler feei islhe Lates ' OELLinU fL/in. tan Atioro lo Walt forth: Price. ,inrlv,J v ulT,Ln * °« lilstinct ixclu.ive he-.iu.es if lb

I am the original maker find only successful mtnufattu'er of wagon-box manure sprraders, and I make you a price SO Low thai you can't aford nnt to gel one Direct from Factory.

I sell niy mature Fpreaders on any plan to suit \ ou.

Keep your notev in your own pocket if tbar mits you.

But try a Galloway on your* oik 80 Days Free—rght now when y(.u need It most. You are the judge and juiy and I don't want you <o keepone of my machines if you don't want it fter you work it out.

I ship a so for prompt delivery, direct to you from my factory sub-sations at Minn-apolis, Minn.; Madison, YVIb. and iansas City, Mo. Alwayi write me to Waterloo, Iowa.

MV fil T A P A MTPP" Just as Good as a Gov't Bond, I Deposit 1T1 1 UU/\.I\.r\n 1 CC 1,25,000 In a Nat'l Bank to Protect You.

I don't ask you to take my word for atiythii g. I'm just telling about the Calloway, bf cause you ought to know Every stat-ment 1 make in this ed is backfd by a J25.000 bond.

What. I want more than anythit g else right now Is a spread er in your locality. Send me a postal or the above coupon today for my special propos'tion. Be the first one and you can Wnrk" if line's* Up * Down on Side Hll,s - Winter, Summer • 6 per cent from date of pur- TT UI ** " uucs ' Snow, Ice, R in and Mu , ii Works Earlest.

oflSeveo th= lial o'y

My Galloway spreaders n ill d i betler work than any $l_5.i u spreader that's made. And I more than cut the price in two.

Pile it full of any kind of manu e. Trot the horses Slam the Gear. Abusd it if you want to. Try it any way you want to. I don't care how you try it—only give it trie hardest trial you can think of. All I ask you to do is to be your own judge.

Here are flur things to remembe in connection with the one genuiut Galloway: i' . .-

1. It's the only successful Wagon-Box Spreader made in the United States today.

2. It has 7 di»tinct, separate, original patents. Nothing else like it or as good. They alone make it worth 825 to $30 more than any other.

3. My own factory turns them out—Capacity Seventy Complete Spreaders a day. ■■■,-..

4. 1 make yon a price that sells them. That price is the lowest price ever made on a first class Manure Sprea ier. Tbts'is a rare and wonderful comDi'ia ion when you stop to think of it. Best Spreader. Lowest Price. v,-.

in

save money. Mon*y back with 6 per

chase if not satisfactory. The Galloway Manure Spreader is the best manure spreader on the morket. 1 have no hesitancy in saying this, not only because I know every ounce o'' ma eria 1 that goes in it, know that it is perfect, enow 'hat it is built along the lines that exierierce has shown to be the best, but I have results from all ov r the U. S.

The Galloway is the lightest draft spreader for two horses < mules that ever was made You d in't have to break up two teams, when you neea them mos , by using three hoses, as on other spreaders. The Galloway is made so simple, yet strong enough to use anywhere, in any kiad of stuff.

This is My JVelrV Roller Feed. ,

Write me to-dey for my Special Proposition to you on any size Galloway Sprea del* that you want to try 30 Days Free at My Risk. I make live s isees all illustrated aud described in My Bis 1909 Book Free. Also shows our latest new complete 70-bushel Spreader, mounted on all-steel running gear. Saves you about $40.00 on the price and you get a better, complete spreader than any other made,

Wm. Galloway, President

WM. GALLOWAY COMPANY

Jefferson

SAVE YOUR-SELF_

$50

or

MORE

': SPECIAL NOTICt! This illus-J traiion shows my new Roller Feed, ,;;Ai; mare m three pieces end used on #& m^-xrm # msc^^. ^musm*. my , H , (( Galloway Spreaders Nothing like u in the spreader world It weighs only 15 lbs. and is built of unbreakable bull-nntal malleable, on the mo i powerful p'inciple of mechanics—the rolling lever-uedg'. It beais the worl ,• spreading all k'iuds of manure richt. GET MY NEW CAT LOG which explains nm—

TPIE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

2. The pea crop would supply the most humus-making matter, as livery stable manure is always very largely dung, and contains but little straw or other vegetable matter. The livery stable manure would supply more plant food, but without a sufficiency of humus in the soil, this cannot be made fully available.

3. The only difference between the two is that the green crop contains a /larger proportion of water, and this, beyond sufficient to cause the vegetable matter to decay, adds nothing of value to the soil.

4. Yes, very largely. When lime gets into the condition you describe, it is practically mortar, and only very slowly disintegrates in the soil. The sooner lime is spread and mixed with the soil after it is slaked, and the more effective it is.

'! 5. Yes. This has been done, but never with profit in the crops.—Ed.

LEG WEAKNESS IN CHICKENS.

My chickens, when they get to be frying size, get so they have no control of their legs. They do not seem to be sick, for they eat heartily, but tbey can't walk. Since spring I have had them like this. At first, I would kill them, then I let them alone, right many became all right after three or four weeks. Will you tell me what is the trouble, and how to rGmGdv it?

MRS. PEYTON HUNDLEY.

Essex Co., Va.

I Leg weakness is the cause of your trouble. This is usually most troublesome in chickens raised in bottom-heated brooders. Chickens want a cool floor and warm above. "Usually after the chickens get on to the natural ground the trouble ceases. In your case with chickens frying size, we think the trouble is caused by the absence of mineral matter in the leed. Feed some bone meal in the mash two or three times a week. Chickens like all animals when growing, need mineral matter to make strong bones. The phosphate of lime in the bone meal supplies this.—-Ed.

SHEEP HUSBANDRY—SWEET PO-TATOE—IRISH POTATOES-ALFALFA.

1. What, in your opinion, is the best breed of sheep for this section of Virginia (central part) ?

2. What are the chief valuable characteristics of Southdown Shropshire, Cotswold, Dorset, Hampshire-down, Merino?

3. What is the best kind of soil for sweet potatoes, red or gray? For Irish potatoes?

4. I have about half an acre of very fine land I wnnt to trv alfalfa on, but it is taken with rich weed. How would this do: Put in Irish potatoes; then, as soon as they are dug sow cowpeas, and turn the latter un-

Larscst

Superior

she StucieJjaker ^^ For 56 years the name Studebaker on vehicles and har-Piant Covers ^^r ness, has carried with it an absolute guaranty of the high-lOI Acres ^^r^ est quality in both materials and construction.

The man who buys a Studebaker is absolutely sure that he has obtained full value for every cent he has spent. He runs no risks. It will pay you to

See the Studebaker Dealer

and get his prices on farm wagons, buggies, carriages and harness. It means long service, freedom from repairs and perfect satisfaction.

If you don't know the Studebaker Dealer, we'll be glad to send you his name. Mention this paper and send us two cents in postage and we will mail you free Studebaker 1909 Farmer's Almanac, containing, "In Oklahoma," Cyrus Townsend Brady's inspiring story of pioneer days.

Studebaker Bros. Rlfg. Co.

South Bend, Indiana

TTJ33~!3

FOUR MOVING PARTS

That's all there are to the McVicker's valve action.

That's why the McVicker is the simplest engine—the easiest to understand and run.

There are 499 other makes of engines, yet each has 12 and more moving parts to its valve action. And that's where most gasoline engine trouble occurs.

You'have but to compare the McVicker with one of these and you have compared it w ith all, for all are practically the same—our engine, only, is different. You can decide in this way which is the best engine made.

We invite comparison, for we know of no better way to sell you one of our engines.

The McVicker is made in the largest and costliest gas engine factory in the United States. Nearly 3,000 were sold last year.

Thousands of farmers who never used engines before have bought ours. Also thousands who have used others. The McVicker appeals to the latter most, for they have had experience. They know.

The McVicker is the simplest engine in the world. •

Our marvelous patents do away with all cams, gears, ratchets, tumbling rods and other ;i"ii trustifying "jim-cracks."

All others must employ them, for they can't run without them.

THE McVICKER

Our engine is three timet the best because it is three times the simplest. Yet it costs no more than the complex.

In fact, it is cheapest by far because its simplicity saves on fuel, oil and repairs.

Don't buy an engine till you know all about the McVicker. "We have a great many features to tell you about in our catalog—all of which bear on this astounding simplicity.

We make all types—from 2 to 30 horse-po w er—mounted in all ways for all uses. Also traction engines.

We send free plans for a model farm power-house when you write tot the catalog. Do it today—a postal—now—before you forget it.

ALMA 3IFG. CO., Station : . Alma, Mich.

i^AftriWi W ^

Economical, Reliable Running Wafer Service

A constant supply wherever you want it. Automatic in action—no expense for power or repairs. It's easy with a

RIFE HYDRAULIC RAM

Large and small rams forCountry Places, Irrigation, Supply Tanks,_Town Plants, etc For every foot water drops to ram it is raised 30 feet. 7,000 in use.

WRITE FOR FREE PLANS AND ESTIMATES

RIFE ENGINE CO., 2I13TRINITY BLDG..NEW

YORK

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1129

der in early fall, when ready to put in the alfalfa?

X. Y. Z. Buckingham Co., Va.

1. We are of opinion that the Shropshire is the best breed of sheep for Virginia, except where the prime object is the production of lambs, for the early market, in which case Dor-sets are the best. The Shropshire has acclimatized and maintained his size and vigor better in this climate than any other of the breeds.

2. The valuable characteristics of the Down breeds (Southdown, Shropshire and Hampshire downs) are the high quality of the lamb and mutton produced with a good salable fleece of wool. The Dorsets are valuable as early lamb producers, and make fine fat lambs. The Cotswolds have not, in our experience of them here, maintained their size and vigor. They have too long wool for our climate. There are few now kept here. The Merinos are valuable as wool producers. Among the Down breeds the Southdowns are the smallest, but make the primest mutton, the Shrop-shires come next in size. The Hampshires and Oxfords are the largest.

3. A sandy loam is the best soil for Sweet and Irish potatoes. The Sweets do best in a light sandy loam; the Irish in a loam of heavier texture.

4. You must get rid of the weeds before you can grow alfalfa. The plan you propose should enable you to do this, but we would suggest that instead of plowing the cowpeas down, you cut them off for hay, and then cut the stubble lightly into the land with a disc or cutaway harrow. The deep and thorough preparation for the Irish potatoes should cause most of the' weed seed to come near enough to the surface to sprout, and the cultivation of the crop would destroy these. Those left the cowpeas should smoother, and by not plowing the crop in, you avoid bringing up weed seeds again to bother the alfalfa. Dr. Stubbs found this method of preparing the land after a cowpea crop to give him a clean stand of alfalfa.— Ed.

DRAINAGE—WILD, ONIONS.

1. Will you kindly have some articles on field drainage during the year?

2. Does anyone know how the taste of wild onions can be removed from milk?

G. H. GOODE. Chesterfield Co., Va.

1. We will endeavor to comply with your request during the winter months. In this issue in the article Work for the Month you will find some advice on the subject. The first step to take is to have levels

BUYAWAGON

ONCE IN YOUR LIFETIME

^

A POOR wagon is the poorest kind of an investment. There is too much hard work to do, the loads are too heavy, the roads are too rough and the wear and tear too great for a wagon of inferior material and poor construction to stand the strain. It is the wisest policy to buy a wagon that has a record as a durable wagon. r

If you are about to purchase a wagon why not assure yourself in advance of long, satisfactory service by buying one of the well known and dependable I. H. C. wagons?

The Weber The Columbus The New Beiiendorf

The two first named wagons are old timers, well known all over the country as of superior build and material and giving long fatisfac-tory service. The Weber wagon has been manufactured 64 years. Many a farmer is able to testify that his Weber lasted him all the years of his active farm life. And as many more farmers are using the first Columbus wagons manufactured. These are standard high grade wagons, and there can be no possible mistake in purchasing them.

The New Bettendorf is the all steel gear wagon, practically unbreakable. It is the wagon for all climates and a guarantee against breakdowns and repairs in all kinds of heavy work.

Why not make sure of long wagon service?

There is no better place to begin than with the International agent in your town. Go and see and talk wagon to him. He will supply you with c ita-logs and give you all needed information. Or write direct to the Home Office.

International Harvester Company of America, Chicago, U. S. A.

(Incorporated)

ELLY g

VPLXX

iindingMms!

rPHE only mill in the world made with a double set of grinders or burrs. Will ■*■ grind ear corn, shelled corn, oats, rye, wheat, barley, Kaffir corn, cotton seed, corn in shucks, sheaf oats, or any kind of grain, coarse.medrom or fine. The Kelly has a grinding surface just double that of any other mill of equal size, and can, therefore, do twice as much work with less power, as it is the

mill made. Simple iu construction easily operated, strong and efficient. Never choke. Six sizes, any power.

tS'Ei^UV AD4PTED FPR GASOLENE ENGINES.

Write to-day for our catalog describing and illustrating the Kelly Duplex grinding mills.

THE DUPLEX MILL & MANUFAtfURINi CO., Box20 SP<IN"FIE 0, OHin.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

BUCKEYE FEED MILLS-SAWS-HORSE POWERS

At the present price of grain, farmers must study economical methods of feeding'. By grinding you save 15 to 25 per cent, of the grains you feed. Buckeye Mills grind ear corn and all small grains and soon save enough to

PAY FOR THEMSELVES.

All sizes and styles feed mills for horses or engine, also a complete line of horse powers and safety saw frames to suit the farm. Our machines are all strong, well built and capable—FULLY GUARANTEED. Send for catalogue and prices. Full stock carried at Richmond, Va. Prompt shipments.

Made by The Buckeye Feed Mill Co., Box W. Springfield, Ohio. Sold by The Implement Co., Richmond, Va.

taken, and a plan laid down, so as to ensure that when done it shall be effective. There is a little book written by. Dr. Chamberlain, price thirty-five cents, which gives full instructions on the subject, which we can supply.

2. There have been many attempts made by different methods to get rid of the onion flavor from milk, but with only, partial success. The best, probably, ' is to heat the milk (not boil it) as soon as drawn, and then pass it over an aerator. The odor is thus volatilized, and largely got rid of.—Ed. u

SHEEP HUSBANDRY.

Please advise an inexperienced person how to commence raising sheep. I have sufficient feed and pasture for 100 or 20*0. S.

King William Co.. Va.

A man "who has had no experience with sheep should begin in a small way, and, gradually grow into the business, land thus learn the requirements of' a flock. Twenty-five ewes and one buck are plenty to start with. These should be preferably grade Merino ewes, and great care should be taken to get them from a section where there has been no trouble with the stomach worms. These parasites are the great hindrance we have to successful -sheep husbandry in the South. If a flock is once infested with them profit is at an end. Sheep from the mountain sections of Western North jCarolina, East Tennessee, and West Virginia are the most likely to be free from this infection. The ewes should be one- or two- year-old sheep. Don't buy a sheep with a broken mouth; that is, to say, with her teeth worn down or lost. They usually begin to show this condition at five or six years old. With the ewes a pure-bred buck should be mated in September. The buck may be either a Shropshire or a Dorset. Either will get lambs which will be ready for the market in the early spring, when prices are the best. The Dorsets are' probably the best for the very early lambs, as Dorsets and Dorset grades will take the buck earlier than other breeds, and can be so managed as to produce two crops of lambs per year, though this is not a desirable practice to be continued

IMERICANSAW MILLS

RELIABLE FRICTION FEED

Ratchet Set Works, Quick Receder, Duplex Steel Dogs. Strong,

ACCUHAiE "NDRfcLIABLE

Best materia) and workmanship, light running; requires little power; simple, easy t o handle; won't get out of

order.

BELT

in

FEED MILLS all sizes.

Log Beam Carriages can be furnished with any of our mills. No. 1. Warrantet to cut 2,000 feet per day with 6 H. P. engine. Seven other sizes made. Also Edgers Trimmers,, Shingle Machines, Lath Mills, Rip pnd Cut-Off Saws, Drag Saws, Cordwood Saws and Feed Mills. Catalogue sent free.

"Rowe, Mass., October 24, 1905. —T have a No. 1 American Saw Mill and 'send you an order for another just like it. I run it with my 8 H. P. portable gasoline engine; have sawed 5,000 feet of lumber in ten hours with it without any trouble. I use a 48-lnch saw.

Yours truly, BRADLBT C. NB2WBLL.

AMERICAN SAW MILL MACHINERY CO., 137 Hope St., HackettNtonrn, N. J.

OUR AGENTS.—Watt Plow Company, Richmond, Va.; R P. Johnson, Wythevllle, Va.; Hyman Supply Company, New Berne and Wilmington, N. C; Gibbes Machinery Company, Columbia, S. C.

LISTEN! MR. FARMER!

Have you heard of the NEWEST and MOST UP-TO-DATE GASOLINE ENGINE on the MARKET?. If not, write as about it at once. It's called the "NEW-WAY" air cooled and made In 2%, 3% and 7 H. P.—Prices guaranteed to be cheapest of any high eln«n en-. vine. It can be used for every FARM urpose imaginable, and is so simple that anyone can run it.

STQCKDELL-MYERS HOW. CO.

Petersburg, Va.

TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

1131

irect To You—At Reduced Price—A *

Weaker City Feed Mill

"16 m ^jy 40 Years The Standard and Better this Year than Ever Before

1111*1 * s&f'Q^bm -wmr w*_ wi__« m^M. Write for the book now and pick out the one you want

*'irtPjZj& We Pay Freight

D

On FREE TRIAL No Money Down

jO* t/lQQ^ff You w '^ agree that this is the most rtArtP Jw ^t> era l offer ever made— ttv ji^ r But what we want you to note particularly ^^ is that this offer is on Quaker City Mills— -the grinders that have been the standard of quality for 40 years—the mills that are more widely and more favorably known than all other makes put together—the mills that have never been sold before at the close manufacturer's price.

We have cut out the Jobber?, Dealers, all Middlemen, and give you the benefit of saving their profits.

You can prove, too, at our risk, that the Quaker City is all we claim, that it is the mill you want, before you pay us a penny.

CS & H 12

11 Sizes—22 Styles From Hand to 20-Horse Power

to try. Convince yourself that it grinds faster, does better work, needs less power, less attention, and meets a greater range of requirements than any other grinder at any price. From grinding ear corn to making Graham flour —grinds soft and wet as well as dry corn—you'l! f.nd a Quaker City superior. If not, send it bac! at our expense. Try all mills, if you like, and keep the best. That's all we ask.

See Our Improvements

ough Quaker City Mills have been given added improvements recently, which put them still farther ahead of any other mill — although the price would have to be higher than before if sold through dealers—yetyou can get one now for less,

much less, than ever. And we pay the freight, remember. Write today for Free Book, and get our Trial Offer, guaranty

and factory prices. Specify Feed Mill Catalogue. One of the

Quaker City Family will just meet your needs and fit your

pocketbook. Write today—now.

The STRAUB COMPANY

3737 Filbert Street W. Philadelphia, Pa.

regularly. Three crops in two years is as much as ought to be attempted. The ewes, if bought now, will have been served, and a buck need not be bought until next August. The ewes should be given a good pasture through the winter and be fed a little grain, oats, peas and a little corn are best. Give a pint per head per day. A shed, open on the south side is all the shelter they require. In this a rack should be fixed, in which pea hay or a mixture of pea hay and good meadow hay should be fed. Do not put more hay in the rack at one time than the sheep will eat up clean in a day, as sheep are fastidious eaters, and will not touch hay that has been picked over by them or by other mimals. Let them have pure water x> drink, and give them salt once or wice a week. In the shed keep a rough in which a mixture of cut to->acco leaves or tobacco dust and salt hould always be kept. This will revent and clean out the worm para-ites. When the ewes are near lamb-lg, out off the grain almost entirely, iving only oats and a few peas un-il after the lambs are dropped, and ie flow of milk is established, and ie lambs are taking it freely, then jsume the mixed grain ration in full nd increase as the lambs grow. A ew pasture of crimson clover nd mixed grain is the proper lace on which to put a flock of wes and lambs, and ought to be al-ays provided. Do not make this isture too large, but rather have vo or three smaller fields, and

STRONGEST FENCE MADE

BULL PD00F AND PIG TIGHT

When yon buy our High Carbon Colled Spring Fence yon bay strength, service and durability combined. Twenty years of experience—hard knocks, has taught us that the best fence Is made from heavily galvanized Colled Spring Steel Wire

CLOSELY WOVEN FROM

TOP TO BOTTOM

Our Fence Is so closely woven that smal I p 1 gs cannot "wiggle" through it. So strong the vicious bull cannot "faze 1 * it. We have no agents. We do not sell to dealers but sell direct to the user

AT WHOLESALE PRICES

FREIGHT PREPAID

Colled Wire provides for contraction and expansion and prevents sagging between posts. Every pound of wire In our fence is made In our own wire mill from the best high carbon steel. We give

30 DAYS FREE TRIAL

That our customers may be sure they are satisfied. We make a full line of FARM AND POULTRY FENCE. Our Wholesale Prices will save you money. VV rite todsy for our 40 page free Catalog.

COILED SPRING FENCE COMPANY, Box 52 Winchester, Indiana*

I GET OUR FREE SAMPLE which we send for inspection. Test it for I strength, stiffness and rigidness, then look to the galvanizing. File lit and see how thick that is. We want you to satisly yourself I that for YOU Brown Fence is the best fence to buy for Horses,

Cattle, Sheep, Pigs, Chickens, etc. Our fences are made of extra | heavy Steel Wire—both strand and stay wires No. g gauge. SELLS AT 15 to 35c PER ROD DELIVERED. WE PAY THE FREIGHT.

Easytoputup. Stands staunch, solid and rigid. Won't sag or I bag down. Our prices are less than you would pay for much | lighter fences.—fences not half so durable. Write today for

sample and catalog showing 150 styles. .

The Brown Fence &. Wire Co., Dept. 68 Cleveland, Ohio.

~Ss<\is<if=>l-e: ffzeiez

TELL, THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

change the sheep every two or three days. Change of pasture as frequently as possible is essential to success with sheep. Better change on to a poorer pasture than not to change at all. The lambs should after they are two or three weeks old, always have a clover or grain pasture to which they can resort apart from the ewes if the greatest success is to be attained. The lambs should pick this over first, and then the ewes follow them, and another field be given up to the lambs. Creeps through the fences should be made so that the lambs can have access apart from the ewes, but yet be able to return to the ewes to suck whenever they desire. In this way fat lambs can be had for the market when they are two or three months old. The lamb that sells the best in the early market is a fat one weighing not over forty or fifty pounds. The lambs should be weaned when four of five months old, and the ewes be put on a poorer pasture until they loose their milk. After this they may be gradually got into good condition again, ready to take service in August, September and October. The period of gestation in the ewe is five months. The ewes should be shorn of the wool in May. A flock of ewes should easily pay a profit of 75 to 100 per cent, per year if well cared for.—Ed.

ANALYSIS OF SOIL—FERTILIZER FOR CORN—IRISH POTATOES-CONSERVING THE VALUE OF

MANURE FOULTRY MANURE

—TO PREVENT WASHING OF LAND.

1. Is there any place in Virginia where we can send samples of our soil for an analysis to determine what plant food it is most deficient in.

2. I expect to plow under a crop of rye on one piece and vetch and oats on another, using both for corn another vear. What fertilizer, if any, would be best to use? The soil is a gray loam with a good deal of sand, light chocolate subsoil.

3. Will Irish potatoes do well on new land, or should the land be cultivated a year or two first?

4. Where you have plenty of sta ble room so you can keep adding fresh bedding on top of the manure all winter, does it pay best to leave manure in stable or keep it cleaned out and haul right to the field where you have to put it on top of the land and not plow it in until spring?

5. I sprinkle lime and ashes in my poultry houses three times a week and then once every two weeks rake it all out clean. Does the lime and ashes waste the fertilizing qualities of the poultry droppings or conserve same?

6. Will some reader of The Planter give me a remedy for the unsightly hillside ditches that will save ray

Test The Superiority of

"EVERLASTING"

CORRUGATED METAL CULVERTS.

They are being used generally by the largest railroad systems and wire-awake county road supervisors prefer them to all others.

Corrugated Metal Culverts are made of special analysis Ingot Iron-double galvanized.

They are strong and lasting.

They are not affected by climatic conditions.

They are easy to install. They are inexpensive.

Manufactured under Letters Patent No. 559,642. Illustrated Catalogue for the asking.

"Everlasting" Tanks, Smoke Stacks and Well Curbings are the cheapest after all.

There is a life time's service with every one installed. The farmer who wants the best for the least always puts his money in the '"Everlasting" line of Corrugated necessities.

Write now telling us of your wants, stating sizes desired, and we will send literature and enticing quotations. 'Twill pay well to learn more of the "Everlasting" line. Better start to-day!

VIRGINIA METAL CULVERT COMPANY,

Sole Manufacturers. j 1701-1715 E. Cary Street,

'< . • ~ -,'" ~| Richmond, Virginia.

mm

CURED

No Experiment.

Alcoholism, Morphine and other drug addic tions cured in from four to six weeks. 28 years successful experience.

Write for our booklet.

"What do You Drink" The Keeley Institute.

GREENSBORO. N. C.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1133

Water Supply For Country Homes

= PNEUMATIC PRESSURE TANK SYSTEM =====

Gasoline Engines and Pumps, Wind Mills and Pumps, Hydraulic Rams

In each system the very latest and most reliable tiling made. Our expert mechanics are sent to install these plants. Our charges are no greater than the unreliable jobs found about the country.

RICHMOND ENGINE & PUMP CO.,

ASHTON STARKE, Richmond, Va.

Mention this paper.

Iron Fencing a Specialty.

. t ter.

land from washing on our steep hillsides? W. S. CARRIN'GTON Amherst Co., Va.

i

1. Yes. Send the sample to Dr! Magruder, the Chemist of the Department of Agriculture, Richmond. As we frequently said, we do not place much value on an analysis of soil to determine how it shall be made productive. The chemist in his laboratory can find constituents in the soil and determine approximately the quantity which the plant cannot make available because unable to control the conditions affecting the same. The true way to analyze the soil is to lay off experiment plots and treat each one with different elements of fertility, give one nitrogen, one phosphoric acid and another potash, then give still another nitrogen and phosphoric acid, and another nitrogen and potash, and another a mixture of all these constituents, and put the same kind of crop on each plot and the plots will answer the question as to what the soil needs to grow that crop successfully. The chemist cannot tell you this.

2. The rye will only add humus to the soil, the vetch and oats will supply nitrogen and humus. On both plots we would apply acid phosphate, say, at the rate of three hundred pounds to the acre. On the rye plot probably some nitrogen in the form of nitrate of soda would also be of service. The acid phosphate can be applied at any time during the preparation of the land for the crop, but the nitrate of soda should not be applied until the crop has started to grow. The acid phosphate will not leach out, the nitrate will, unless there is a crop to utilize it at once. As you are doubtless aware, we have always doubted the advisability of applying commercial fertilizer of any kind to the corn crop. By doing it you may and probably will increase the yield of the crop, but it is rarely that the increased yield pays for the fertilizer. You can improve the fertility of the land, but must look for

CITY COMFORTS

may be enjoyed in the

COUNTRY

By Means of Our Pneumatic

Water Supply Systems

At Small Expense. GAS RANGES GAS LIGHT GAS ENGINES

Can all be used With our

Gasoline Gas Generators

Gasoline Engines, Wind Mills, Rams, Tanks, Wood Saw Frames.

Write for particulars

Sydnor Pump & Well Co., inc.

Dept B, RICHMOND, VA.

farquharfortabl£ sjCwMs

Made in seven sizes. Variable Friction or straight belt feed with rack ind pinion, or cable attachments. Celebrated Karquhar Chain Set-Works absolutely accurate and quick receding. Built strong and durable. Don't buy any o her until you investigate the merits or the "Farquhar." Guaranteed in every respect.

Ournew 68-paaecatalogex-plalns In detail all our Saw Mills. Engines. Rollers and Threshers. We'll mall you copy free upon request. A. B. fagggM CO.. LTD.. rORK. HL

THE IMPROVED RANEY CANNING OUTFITS

The Simplest and Finest Process Ever Invented. Made In All Sizes, and Prices from $5.00 Up, and "Well Suited to Both Home and Market Canning. The finest Canned Goods in the World put up by farmers and their families. Write now, and get our free catalogue, giving full information, and prepare for the next crop.

THE RANEY CANNER CO., Chapel Hill, N. C.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,.

the profit in subsequent crops. Barn yard manure is the proper fertilizer to use to grow corn applied on a clover or pea fallow. Phosphatic fertilizers will pay on the clover and pea crops and these and manure will make a profitable corn crop.

3. No. You will not find the Irish potatoes will do well on new land. The plant food in the soil is not in a sufficiently available form to meet the quick needs of this crop. A crop of corn will usually be the best thing to put on new land, as its extensive root system enables it to search out and utilize the inert plant food and the cultivation necessary for the crop makes this fertility more available and puts the land into a better mechanical and physical condition for the next crop.

4. The best way to conserve the value of stable manure is to get it out on the land as fast as made. No loss of its value is caused by leaving it spread on tbe top of the land during the winter. Where this cannot be conveniently done, then, leaving it in the stable, trod down solid, conserves its value best, but this practice is not compatible with the best hygienic condition of the stable, and it is absolutely fatal to successful dairying. The stables and cow barns should be cleaned out daily and the manure either be spread on the land or be put up in a compact heap under cover or be covered with soil as riled, or, if a covered barn yard is available, it should be put there and cattle be kept on it to compact it. There is no doubt the most economical way to handle the manure is to harve it dumped directly from the stables and barns every day into the manure spreader and put it on the land at once. It is then only once to handle and no portion of its value is lost. Add to the manure as made forty or fifty pounds to the ton of acid phosphate. This will make it twice as valuable as a fertilizer.

5. The sprinkling of lime and ashes on the hen manure causes loss of the ammonia (nitrogen), the most valuable part. Dry dust or dust and land plaster mixed conserves it best.

6. The way to prevent washing and gullying is to plow deep into the subsoil. Give the water the chance to ge into the soil and it will take care of all of it and no washes be seen.—Ed.

Albemarle Co., Va., Feb. 8, '08. It gives me very great pleasure to get a new subscriber for the best farm magazine of North America. If it were possible for it to do the States could make no better investment for the agricultural advancement of the Commonwealth than to appropriate a sum sufficient to place one year's subscription to the Southern Planter in the hands of every Virginia farmer.

DR. WM. FITZHUGH CARTER.

NATIONAL

Water Supply System.

FARMERS, LET US INSTALL. OUR GREAT COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEM OF WATER SUPPLY lit YOUR RESIDENCE, BARN, DAIRY OR OTHER BUILDINGS.

It will furnish you an abundance of water f«r all purposes from any source. Write ps. giving depth and capacity of your well or spring, and we will cheerfully submit an estimate and make suggestions as to your requirement!. Satisfaction Guaranteed. DAVIDSON, BURNLEY A CO, RICHMOND, VA. 010 East Main Street.

HERCULES Sfee! Stump Machines.

CAST IRON

Strength to the square

inch 16,000 pounds

STEEL

STRENGTH . TO THE SQUARE INCH 120.000 LBS.

do the work of three iron grubbers ■ T RtPREiEim\ No staking down required. Pull ■™ power V trees as well as stumps. Less cum-^ jSXpwllwJ bersome than iron, easier handled, price almost as low. The only .TimwuiweN. steel grubber and it's un •TSV'reakable. We pay

for three years. Write for catalog and price list.

HERCULES MANUFACTURING CO., Dept. 416 Centerville, Iowa, U. S. A

Pulls Stumps or Standing Trees,

Clears & two acre circle with one sittings-pulls anything 1 the wire rope will reach; stumps, trees, grubs, rocks, hedges, etc. A man and a boy with one or two horses can run the

COMBINATION STUMP PULLER,

* Stump Anchored op Self Anchoring.

A minute and a half is all It rakes fortheordinarystutnp. No heavy chains or rods. Note the strong wire rope with patent coupler—grips the rope at any point. Does not chafe rope; far ahead of old-style"take-ups." Smallest rope we furnish stands 40,000 lbs. strain. It generates immense power and it's made to stand the strain. We also make the Iron Giant Grub and Stump machine, the I. X. L. Grubber and Hawkeye Grub and Stump Machine. 'Write for free illustrated catalogue. Largest manufacturers of Stump Pullers In the World, Established 1X84.

MILNE MFG. CO.,

034 8th St., Monmouth, III.

CATALOG THIS SHOT GUN

CDCE CATALOG

rntc ofthis ,-—

NO HAMMER TO HAMMER

SIX SHOTS IN FOUR SECONDS

No unsightly and unsafe hammer to catch on the clothing or cause premature

discharge il the gun falls. Noopening to catch dirt, twigs, rain or snow. Ham-

a » — merless and covered mechanism. Those are the features. Seud todav for catalog.

$5 TO $27 BSr5nm5nc mItm! ros T "E UNION FIRE ARMS C0.2S6 Auburntialc. Toledo, 0.

Clemont Co., O., May 4, '08. I am very much pleased with the Southern Planter and renew with pleasure. RUBEN WAITS.

Gloucester Co., Va., Apl. 28, '08, "We would not be without the Soutl ern Planter for anything.

G. W. SMITH

by;

Pla t

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1135

'Sou 1

The One and I. By Elizabeth Free-mantle. Published by Gerge W. Jacobs & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. A pretty little story in the form of a diary. The plot is slight. The scene is laid in the Canadian Northwest. A clever young English girl is engaged to a "cowboy," whom she calls "The One," but she has literary aspirations, and yearns, at times, for the civilization and easy life of England; and so finds it hard to decide upon a life of ' r fiourishing the dish-cloth, and playing hide and seek with the eternal dustpan." An English friend has told her that it will be "using afive-pound note, to clean a pipe-stem." "The One" is absent, but may come at any time for her answer. Whilst waiting for him, she pays visits to her friends, assists at her Father's second marriage; makes maple sugar with the Indians, and roams at will through the woods until the end of the story. The reader is uncertain whether love or ambition will win, but "The One" falls ill, and seems likely to die, the heroine quickly fnds out, that life without him, would be unendurable. The book will appeal to those who feel the "Call of the Wild." The descriptions of the woods at all seasons, and by day and night, are delicately drawn by one who evidently loves nature. The minor characters are quaint, and the "Pippin" amusing. The book, no doubt reflects very accurately the state of mind of a clever, refined girl, called upon to choose between love with poverty on the one hand, and a life of comfort and intellectual success on the other. John C. Calhoun. By Gaillard Hunt. This is one of the American Crisis Biographies published by George W. Jacobs & Co., Philadelphia, Pa.

In this book the author endeavors to show not only the chief events in the political career of John C. Calhoun, but his complete identification with two opposing popular movements, how he helped to form a broad national sentiment, the part he played in the struggle in his State against that sentiment, and his leadership of the triumphant sectional sentiment. He shows that as Calhoun was a popular leader, he was dominated by popular forces, and that his power lay in his correct interpretation of the will of his people. To study his public life, therefore, is to study the course of public opinion in the South during a momentous period when it formed into a great movement to resist a greater movement. The book will be read with interest by everyone interested in the struggle which reached its crisis soon after his death, and which has come by dispassionate historians to be treated as the effort of honest men impelled by honest motives.

Always mention The Southern Planter when writing advertisers.

BUY

Battle Axe Shoes.

Solid Made BATTLE AXE Shoes SAVE FARMERS MONEY.

Their —

SPLENDID STYLE COMFORTABLE FIT LONG WEAR LOW PRICE Explain why the Celebrated, Solid Made BATTLE AXE Shoes^are so widely known and called

"The Farmer s Friend.

*t

STEPHEN

PUTNEY

SHOE

COMPANY,

RICHMOND,

VIRGINIA.

Don't Forget that Steam is the Most Reliable Power

Farmers arid planters who Install Leffel Steam Engines have no power troubles. There is no failure to start or to run—no tinkering, no coaxing, no vexatious delays. We have built thousands of

Leffel Engines

Fop Farm Use

No planter ever thinks of exchanging tile dependable Leffel forany other kind of power He can under* stand bis Leffel Engine. Quick, easy steamers. No other style of power so economlca . The numerous styles and sizes of Leffeis lnsur^ /our getting a power that exactly fits yonr needs. Don t buy any engine till you write tor our tree book.

JAMES LEFFEL & COMPANY

Bex 213 Springfield. Ohio

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[December,

CLUBBING LIST

In this list will be found prices en papers, magazines and periodicals which are most called for by our readers. We have club rates with

nearly all reputable publications, and will quote them on request. DAILIES.

WITH

alone S. P. Times-Dispatch, Richmond,

Va $6 00 $6 00

Times-Dispatch (without

Sunday) 4 00 4 00

News-Leader, Richmond,

Va. 3 00 8 00

The Post, Washington

D. C 6 00 6 00

The Sun, Baltimore, Md.. 3 00 8 40 THRICE A WEEK.

The World, New York 1 00 1 26

WEEKLIES. Times-Dispatch, Richmond,

Va. 1 00 1 26

Southern Churchman, Richmond, Va 2 00 2 26

Central Presbyterian, Richmond, Va 2 00 2 26

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00

Breeders' Gazette 2 00 1 60

Country Gentleman 16© 1 75

National Stockman and

Farmer 100 100

Hoard's Dairyman 1 00 1 SO

Memphis News-Scimitar... 50 76

Cotton Journal 1 O'O 1 00

"SEMI-MONTHLY.

Kimball's Dairy Farmer.. 1 00 76

MONTHLIES.

The Century 4 00 4 26

St. Nicholas 3 00 3 26

Lippincott's 2 50 2 50

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00

Delineator 1 00 1 40

Harper's Bazaar 1 00 1 40

Scribner's '.-». 3 00 3 26

American 1 00 1 35

Cosmopolitan 1 00 1 36

Everybody's 1 50 1 75

Munsey 1 00 1 36

The Strand 1 20 1 60

Argosy 1 00 1 35

Review of Reviews 3 00 3 00

Field and Stream 1 50 1 60

Woman's Home Companion 1 00 1 26

Modern Farming 1 00 1 00

Reliable Poultry Journal.. 50 76

Industrious Hen 50 75

Poultry success 50 75

Blooded Stock 50 65

Successful Farming 50 60

Amer. Fruit and Nut Jour. 60 75

Southern Fruit Grower.. 60 86

Shepherd's Criterion 60 76

Commercial Poultry 60 76

When two or more publications are wanted, the price for them can be

found by deducting 50 cents from "price with Southebn Planteb."

We cannot, under any circumstances, furnish sample copies of other publications.

We will cheerfully quote our best price on any line of publications submitted to us.

You Can Cover Your Roof With

Mycoroid Rubber Roofing

And Then "Forget It "

Because It requires no coating.

It is absolutely waterproof. It is practically Fire Proof, it does not taint water Write for Samples and Booklet. We also carry a full line of Galvanized and Painted Corrugated and V Crlnii Hoofing in rolls and boxes

McGRAW-YARBROUGH CO.,Richmond, Va.

fcei

i or

i 1D(

ten as ern

(i

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

P

Hit

THE SOUTHEEN PLA> T TEE

1137

Subscription Bargains

We are making a specialty this season of attractive subscription offers. We have made arrangements with a number of publishers of high-class periodicals whereby we can give you from 10 per cent, to 100 per cent, on your reading matter this winter. Read this list and show it to your neighbor and get him to join you in one of these offers.

NO. 1.

The Garden Magazine—Farming, Farm Journal (2 years) and The Southern Planter. 'Regular price, $2.50; our price, $1.

The Garden Magazine—Farming is the most beautiful of all agricultural magazines. The Farm Journal—well everybody knows it—is a clean, lively little paper, read by millions of farmers.

NO. 2.

Pictorial Review and Pattern, Ladies' World, Modern Priscilla and Southern Planter. Regular price $2.50; our price, $1.50

The first three appeal to the ladies, but will be found interesting to the entire family.

NO. 3.

Farm and Fireside, three colored pictures, and "Kid" Calendar. a.r«» Southern Planter. Regular price 75c; our price, 50c.

You get thirty-six helpful issues if you accept this offer.

NO. 4.

Southern Fruit Grower and Southern Planter. Regular price, $1.00; our price, 50c.

Surely these two monthlies are worth anyone's half dollar.

NO. 5.

Hen and

Southern

Industrious Planter. Regular price, $1.00; our price, 50c.

The Hen is a breezy, up-to-date poultry monthly. We can furnish it on this offer for nothing.

NO. G.

Farmers' Account Book.

A simple and complete record for keeping farm accounts; good for 3 or 4 years; contains valuable tables and information. Retails for 50 cents. You may have one free for a 3-year subscription to the Southern Planter at $1.00.

(Send 10c. to cover postage.)

NO. 7.

The Times-Dispatch, any edition, Daily and Sunday, $6; Daily, $5; or Weekly, $1, and The Southern Planter, for the price of the Times-Dispatch alone.

NO. 8.

The Etude, for every music lover, American Magazine and Southern Planter. Regular price $3.00; our price $2.10.

NO. 9.

St. Nicholas (new) McClures', Woman's Home Companion and Southern Planter. Regular price $6.25; our price $3.75.

NO. 10.

Everybody's, Delineator, St. Nicholas (new) and Southern Planter. Regular price, $6.00; our price, $3.50.

NO. 11.

Century, St. Nicholas (new) and Southern Planter. Regular price, $7.50; our price $5.50.

NO. 12.

Review of Reviews, St. Nicholas (new) and Southern Planter. Regular price $6.50; our price, $3.50.

NO. 13.

Success, McClures', St. Nicholas (new) and Southern Planter. Regular price $6.00; our price $3.50.

NO. 16.

Southern Poultry Guide, or Forty Years With Poultry, and Southern Planter. Regular price, $1.50; our price, $1.00.

The Southern Poultry Guide is Cal Husselman's great poultry book. It contains 150 pages of hard, common sense on the poultry industry. The author has had forty years' practical experience, and knows what's what in the chicken business. The book is nicely got up, and well illustrated.

NO. 14.

Any $1.00 Magazine and The Southern Planter.

Value $1.50, both for $1.25.

NO. 15.

Any $1 county paper and The Southern Planter, both for $1.10.

NO. 17.

Farm and Garden Hints and Southern Planter. Regular price, $1.00; our price 50c.

"Farm and Garden Hints" is a 50-page booklet which we had Prof. W.' F. Massey write for us. This is a valuable little work, which will retail for 50 cents, but we will give a copy absolutely free to anyone J who will send us a new subscriber v to The Southern Planter at 50 cents. **

NO. 18.

Duggar's "Agriculture" and Southern Planter. Regular price, $1.25; our price, $1.00.

This is the work which was adopted by the Department of Education for use in public schools in Virginia. This fact alone is sufficient recommendation.

•a-

NO. 19.

The Winter Lamb and Southern Planter.

This book, by Jos. E. Wing, sells for 50 cents but we will give one with a 3-year subscription at $1.00.

The book is neatly gotten up and is a valuable treatise on sheep.

;Ctl»

.Va

To avoid errors, simply order by number, enclosing amount called for.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER,

RICHriOND. = - - = = VIRGINIA.

1138

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTEE

[December,

DETAIL INDEX.

Sowing Apple and Pear Seeds 1123

To Remove Warts 1123

Pigs Coughing—Lame Colt. 1123

Restoring Fertility 1124

Fertilizer for Grass 1124

Oat Growing—Grass Seeding 1125

Alfalfa—Humus Making—Lime—

Corn Growing 1126

Leg Weakness in Chickens 1128

Sheep Husbandry—Sweet Potatoes—Irish Potatoes—Alfalfa.. .1128

Drainage—Wild Onions 1129

Sheep Husbandry 1130'

Analysis of Soil—Fertilizer for Corn—Irish Potatoes—Conserving the Value of Manure— Poultry Manure—To Prevent Washing of Land 1132

MULCHING STRAWBERRIES.

The object of mulching strawberries during the winter is to prevent winter-killing caused by the freezing and thawing of the soil during an open winter. It should be applied just before or directly after the ground has frozen, which will usually be the last half of November. The material used should be free from weed seeds and heavy enough to prevent its being moved by strong winds. Coarse marsh hay and straw are among the best materials, while pine needles, leaves of deciduous trees, corn stalks, strawy manure and boughs of evergreen trees may be used with good results. Cover evenly and lightly so that part of the foliage may be seen through the-mulch. The finer the material, the thinner it should be applied. Over-mulching is as bad as not mulching at all. When light material is used it is advisable to apply brush or similar material to prevent lifting by heavy winds.

Summer mulching retards evaporation, keeps the land free from weeds and provides a clean bed for the berries to rest upon. The winter mulch if not too coarse, may be used for this purpose by raking a portion into the walks, leaving over the row as much as the plants can grow through. Some hand work may later be necessary in helping the plants through if the mulch is heavy or very fine.—Market Growers' Journal.

Buncombe Co., N. C, June 12, '08.

I like the Southern Planter the best of any of the farm papers which come to me. S. H. GIBBS.

Chesterfield Co., Va., Sept. 3, '08. I have been a reader of the Southern Planter for a good many years and expect to be a lifetime subscriber. C. C. CLARK.

Caroline Co., Va., June 15, '08. I am very glad indeed that I subscribed to the Southern Planter, as 1 think it the most practical and useful paper In Its line that I ever saw.

JOHN MASTERS.

VICTORIA

RUBBER ROOFING.

Waterproof—Weatherproof. Always pliable—never hard or brittle. Any climate, all conditions.

OUR PRICES WILL INTEREST YOU.

SEND FOR SAMPLES.

Patented and Galvanized Eoofing Sheets, Eoll Tin and Tar Paper.

TIN »» TEKNE PIATE5. QALVAN1 ZED FIAT SHEETS. ROOHNO MATERlALa WUrACTURERsTjOBBERS

1104 E-CATr STREET

RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

Cutting and Shredding

All with one machine. "Ohio" Ensilage Cutters also make efficient shredders. Simply remove the knives and put shredder blades in their place. A few minutes' time, no additional speed and but slight additional power required. Double value at trifling extra cost.

"Ohio" Shredder Blades have projecting steel teeth—no two in succession travel in the same path. They split and tear corn stalks into a nicely shredded condition. Power, 2 to 15 h. p., according to size. Blower or carrier elevators handle material perfectly. Our 96-page catalog sent on request, "Modern Silage Methods," 224 pages, 10c. Please mention this paper. SILVER MFG. COMPANY, Salem, Ohio.

Send for circular "New Model" Clover Cutter and sample cut alfalfa.

SHELLS EASY AND QUICK

Any mini, woman—uvea a ti-year oid caiiu can. 1 an it. i eo- ufaark Hawk ' pie have beendoingit for22 years. Black Hawk Snellen " _ , „ uresowell made tuatl give repairs free. Shells 8 to 14 bu. Corn Shelters per hour. Parts built lor strain are malleable iron; bear. iligs chilled iron. Clamped with a twist of lingers to box, barrel tub or ' bin. Mighty convenient. If your dealer can't iurnish a genuine Black Kawk, ask forpriee delivered your depot. Hooklet bYee. Write Now. Agents Wanted. A. H. PATCH, Clarksville, Tenn.

Maker of Corn SheDers nnd Hand Grist Mills exclusively.

PERFECTLY RESIGNED.

An old Scotchman who was threatened with blindness consulted an oculist.

"Will you have a little stimulant? " inquired the Doctor.

The old Scotchman smacked his lips in eager anticipation.

"Ou, aye, I'll tak' a drink o' any-

thin' you have handy," was the quick rejofnder.

"Ah, that's the trouble! " exclaimed the oculist. "You'll have to stop drinking or you'll lose your eyesight."

The old chap pondered a moment.

"A weel, Doctor, it doesn't much matter. I hae seen everythin' that's worth seein', anyway."

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1139

pending and the new machines have just been placed on the market by The Hercules Mfg. Co., Dept. 416, Cen-terville, Iowa.

HICKORY BOTTOM

..._, P oultry Yards k

SOMETHING NEW IN STUMP PULLERS.

Since Bulletin No. 150, issued by the United States Agricultural Department, claims that machinery cleared land is more tillable than if cleared by explosives, renewed interest has developed in stump pullers.

Three years ago the Hercules Mfg. Co., of Centerville, Iowa, placed on the market the first stump pullers made in solid steel. The weight was reduced 60 per cent, and the pulling capacity increased 400 per cent., thus the principal objection to the heavy

and unwieldly iron machines used formerly was overcome.

The Company has now followed up their first great advancement in stump pulling machinery by designing and building a new triple power puller, illustration shown herewith.

It will be seen that the pulling cable is run over three pulley wheels, thus tripling the power of the rope and machines, working on the same principles as a triple tackle block.

In this way it is said lighter ma chines and lighter cable may be used for heavier work than formerly.

Applications for patents are now

WON AT VIRGINIA STATE FAIR.

1st White Holland torn, 1st White Holland pullet, 1st Muscovy drake.

ON WHITE WYANDOTTES; 3d Cock, 4th cockerel, 4th hen, 2d 3d and 4th pen (old) .

R. RANDOLPH TAYLOR, Prop.,

R. F. D. 2.

Beaver Dam, Va.

YOU CAN BVY A CHEAP INCUBATOR But Is It Fire-Proof? Is It Insurable?

Why Take R)*ks when you can buy a Cyphers Fire Proofed Insurable Incubator—for years the leader in hatching more and stronger chicks than any other? Our 212-page Poultry Guide Bookis full of valuable poultry information, as well as illustrated description of these Insurable Incubators. It is Free if you send us names and addresses of two acquaintances who keep poultry. CYPHERS INCUBATOR COMPANY, Buffalo, N. Y. New York City, N. Y.; Chicago, 111.; Boston, Mass.; Kansas City. Mo.; Oakland, Cal.

_

A Neat Binder for vour back numbers can be had for 30 cents. Address our Business Department.

GENUINE PERUVIAN GUANO

^&. ¥:

.■?

[UNTOUCHED BY THE CHEM SI OR THE MANUFACTURER

FOR

TOBACCO

COTTON

TRUCK

PERUVIAN GUANO CORPORATION, S' h c a h b m l ?s?on%.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

THE CENTURY IN 1909.

A series of articles on Lincoln's life and character—to include hitherto unpublished documents from his own pen and that of one of his secretaries, will be one of the strong features of the Century in 1909. Frederick Trevor Hill has written of "The Lincoln-Douglas Debates," the fiftieth anniversary of which occurs this year; and there will be later papers on "Lincoln as a Boy Knew Him," "Lincoln as a Peace Negotiator," "Lincoln and the Theater," etc.

The autobiography of Augustus Saint-Gaudens which The Century is to publish during 190'9 contains a vivid account of life in New York during the Civil War Period, when young Saint-Gardens was an apprentice and an ambitious student of art. Such a picture of city life from the viewpoint of a youth is believed to be unique in our literature.

Ernest Thompson Seton's new story, "Domino Reynard of Goldur Town," the history of a silver fox J which is to be one of the fiction features of The Century in 1909, has for its purpose—in the author's own words—"to show the man-world how the fox-world lives—and above all to advertise and emphasize the beautiful monogamy of the better-class Fox."

Andrew Carnegie has written for The Century an article on the tariff, dealing, among other aspects of the

question, with the writer's own relationship to tariffs present and past, especially to the duty on steel.

Mrs. Alice Hegan Rice's new novel, "Mr. Opp," which is to run serially in The Century during 1909, is rich in the humor and pathos which made Mrs. Wiggs such a joy and in the human quality which touches the heart. Plain-spoken neighbors call Mr. Opp a fool, he does talk too much, and his business success is always lurking in some Spanish castle; but the reader forgives all and loves the quaint character for the heroism that gives up cheerily the plans of a life and the woman he loves, to care for and make happy day by day the patn-etic little half-sister whose mind is clouded from babyhood.

In "Mr. Opp" Mrs. Rice has created another character that will live.

The Century is to publish a series of interesting interviews, of unusual character, set down by Daniel Gregory Mason—records of familiar talk with notable musicians, among others, Paderewski, Gabrilowitsch, and Knei-sel.

The Century has under way, for early publication, papers, from several sources, which will give the public an intimate view of the methods, motives, and character of the late Grover Cleveland. The papers will include an illustrated sketch by Prof. Andrew F. West, on the ex-Presi-

dent's residence at Princeton, and his interesting r.nd influential connection with the affairs of a great university.

ST. NICHOLAS IN 1909.

A jolly feature of St. Nicholas in 1909 will be a series of rhymes and pictures by W. W. Denslow, the illustrator of "The Wizard of Oz," "Father Goose," "The House That Ja'-.k Built," etc. "When I Grow up" will be the title of the series, which will portray the "day dreams" of an American youngster. Besides the black and white pages, each number will have two pages of "When I Grow Up" in color.

That prirm favorite, Ralph Henry Barbour, has written for serial publication in St. Nicholas in 1909 another story of the Ferry Hill young folks' fun and adventures, "Captain Chub." "Dick," Harry," and "Roy" are all in it; but "Chub" will be the hero.

Bradley Gilman, a classmate of President xtoosevelt at Harvard, has written a story of adventure in Egypt called "A Son of the Desert,'' which will Le published serially in St. Nicholas in 1909. A young American lad is a leading character; and the narrative has, among other incidents of stirring interest, an account of a terrific sand-storm, and a capture by brigands who are outwitted

wmsBm

WHIRLWIND

"""""* SILO FILLER

your Silo with any Power from 4 H-Pup. Will cut or shred green or dry fodder and cut hay or straw. Our cat-, alog explains why Whirl" winds succeed where others fail. Carried in stock at principal transfer points. Pamphlet,— "How and Why to Fill a Silo," sent free.

Wilder-Strong Implement Co,

Boi 82 Monroe, Mich.

Ill III T T r " USEffiEKE;'

lS»»^.»»».»'. » 'l ' ^t ' ».'v». « « « .l»'"»''.'A'.

5^-^^-^--- —-S5SSS

*»

EVERYTHING USED ON THE FARM.

Farming Machinery, Vehicles, Harness.

tt

A Few Seasonable Implements:

"ONTARIO" AND "PENNSYLVANIA GRAIN DRILLS.

WILDER-STRONG "WHIRL\% IND" SILO FILLER.

"SWISS" FODDER AND FEED CUTTERS.

"McVICKER' GASOLINE ENGINES.

"NEW HOLLAND" AND "PEERLESS" FEED GRINDERS.

HORSE POWERS AND CORN AND COB GRINDERS COMBINED.

"THORNHILL" AND TENNESSEE" FARM WAGONS.

"ANDERSON" BUGGIES, SURREYS, AND RUNABOUTS.

CORN BINDERS, TWINE AND OIL.

WOOD SAWING OUTFITS.

Write for Circular and Prices on Anything Needed.

W. K. BACHE, SONS & MULF0RD.

J 406 East Main Street, Richmond, Va.

W. K. BACHE. S. S. MULFORD. HARDIN It. BACHE. CYRUS McC. BACHE

Greatest Capacity.

Least Power.

8 to 10 Tons.

Green Corn Per Hour.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1141

by an exposion of dynamite, and a subterranean escape.

Specially for the girl readers of St. Nicholas in 1909 will be a story by Mary Constance Du Bois, "The Lass of the Silver Sword," the scenes laid first in a girls school, and later in a girl's camp in the Adirondacks.

A promising new feature of St. Nicholas the coming year will be a two-page department to be called "The Cosy Cooking Club," conducted by Charlotte Brewster Jordan. The recipes will be given in easy rhyme, with, of course, a brief prose list of ingredients; and will cover simple dainties specially appropriate to the season.

THE AMERICAN REVIEW OF

' REVIEWS FOR 1909. "The German Empress," frontispiece. "The Progress of the World." "Record of Current Events," with portraits. "Some American and Foreign Cartoons." Grenfell of Labrador," by P. T. McGrath, with portrait and other illustrations. "New York's First Budget Exhibit," by William H. Allen, with illustrations. "George Gray Barnard: A Virile American Sculptor," by Ernest Knaufft, with illustrations. Alaska's Railroad Development," by Frederick H. Chase, with illustrations. "Th Coal Resources of Alaska," by Guy Elliott Mitchell, with illustrations. "High-

Pressure Fire Protection," by Herbert T. Wade, with illustrations. "A National Corn Exposition," by Will A. Campbell, with portraits and other illustrations. "The National Movement for American Music, by Arthur Far-well. "Loans on Salaries and Wages," by Samuel McCune Lindsay. "Quebec, Britain's French Empire in America," by Louis E. Van Norman, illustrated with maps. "Leading Articles of the Month," wi*h portraits and other illustrations. "Leading Financial Articles. 'Some Books of the Holiday Season," with illustrations. "The Season's Books for Children," with illustrations.

THE CHRISTMAS LIPPINCOTT'S. With the approach of Christmas, everybody ought to be in a joyous irood, even if everybody isn't, so let uj away with gloom and melancholy, and have about us only reading matter that is cheerful in tone and atune with the holiday season. The December Lippincott's provides just the sort of entertainment to put you in good humor. The complete novel is a humorous mystery story entitled "Seven Days," by Mary Robert Rinehart, v hose book "The Circular Staircase" now ranks as one of the season's best sellers. Mrs. Rinehart has chosen for the theme of her latest story the mishaps and adventures of a number of society folk—and a few others—who

suddenly find themselves quarantined, owing to the illness of a servant, in a house where the society folk have gone to dine. Some of the complications are due to the presence of a young couple who have been divorced but are still in love with each other; the ex-husband's spinster aunt, who has a horror of divorce, and is unaware of the rift in their matrimonial lute; a girl who rashly undertakes to impersonate the wife, to spare the aunt's feelings—this before the ex-wife appears on the scene; and a young man who is unaware of the deception and falls in love with the supposed wife. All sorts of weird happenings take place in this "house of too much trouble" during their imprisonment. A diamond bracelet, a pearl necklace, and other valuables mysteriously disappear, the telephone wires are cut, and one of the women guests is brutally embraced and kissed by a person unknown. Altogether, there ire enough amusing situations for a dozen stories.

Among the notable offerings other than fiction are a witty and amusing paper on "Irish Courtship," by the famous Irish humorist, "Seumas Mc-Manus; "The Nativity," a beautiful miracle play in blank verse, by Chas. L. O'Donnell, a delightful sketch called "The 'Truly' Christmas," by Edward L. Sabin; a very funny discourse on "Anatomy for Beginners,"

2)on*t Shi per

Just scratch a match—light the Perfection Oil Heater—and stop shivering. Wherever you have a room that's hard to heat—that the furnace doesn't reach—there you'll need a

(Equipped with Smokeless Device)

Just the thing for blizzard time or between seasons. Its genial glowing heat makes any room cheerful and cozy. No smoke —no smell—smokeless device prevents. Brass font holds 4 quarts of oil burning 9 hours. Finished in japan and nickel. Every heater warranted.

The J^Qft/O Lamp § ives a . restm '> steady, soft light which is so much •*»***' appreciated by workers and students. Made of

brass, nickel plated, with the latest improved central draft burner. Every lamp warranted. Write our nearest agency for descriptive circular if your dealer cannot supply the Perfection Oil Heater or Rayo Lamp.

STANDARD OIL, COMPANY (Incorporated)

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

by Thomas L. Masson; a strikingly beautiful Christmas poem, "Jesus unto Mary," by Chester Firkins, and other contributions.

THE PROPER MANAGEMENT OF • HAMS.

Mary Washington. It is a generally conceded fact that Virginia produces the finest hams in the world, as superior to the gross, swill-fed porkers of Cincinnati and Chicago as the nectar of the gods is to common beer. The delicate flavor so highly esteemed by epicures is largely due to letting the hogs feed on clover and mast until six weeks before they are killed, when they should be put up and fed on corn. Great size and fat are to be carefully avoided. You will get the most delicately flavored hams from a bog weighing not more than 150 pounds, and not over a year old. If you have buttermilk to spare, you will find it pays you well to give it to your hogs. It produces a delicate fat and a finer flavor.

The hogs should be cut out the next day after killing, and the hams and shoulders rubbed with a teaspoon-ful each of saltpetre and powdered borax. The first gives the meat a pretty red color, and the second acts

as a preservative against insects. Next the hams and shoulders should be rubbed thoroughly and plentifully with salt, and lastly with a mixture of molasses, brown sugar and black pepper. A touch of Cayenne pepper also will not be amiss, both kinds of pepper being ground. Then pack them away, and let them remain undisturbed for a month or six weeks. In moderate weather a month will suffice for the salt and seasoning to strike in, but in very cold weather six weeks will be better. Put them in a dry place, else they are apt to mould, especially if there should be much rain. When you unpack the hams and shoulders, lay them out singly for a few days, so they may dry off before you bag them. If the seasoning does not seem to have taken well, rub on a little more. I also think it is a good plan to rub on another teaspoonful of borax before bagging them. I have found this the best device I have ever tried for keeping off insects. Make bags of coarse, unbleached cotton and bag your hams, tie them up securely and hang them before the cold of winter relaxes and the insects begin to stir, and lay their eggs. In a mild winter, they will begin to do this by the middle of February. You will make

your hams still more secure if you will wrap a large newspaper, or sheet of wrapping paper around them before putting them in the bags. It is not desirable to have your smokehouse light and sunny, but better to have it cool and dark. From my own experience, I should say that smoking is unnecessary. It may possibly add to the keeping of a ham, but not to its flavor. An unsmoked ham has, to my taste and that of many others, a finer flavor than a smoked one. I made this discovery by pure accident. In my early housekeeping days it was not convenient for me to have a smoke-house, and during this time my hams had such a peculiarly delicious flavor that when I, at length, got a smoke-house, I simply used it to hang the meat in, and never smoked it.

The mode of cooking a ham has a good deal to do with its excellence. It should be put on in a boiler of cold water, cooked slowly and left in the boiler till the next day. In this way it will reabsorb some of the juices given out in the boiling process. It should then be skinned, and stale bread (preferably beaten biscuit) grated over it. Then it should be set in the stove a few minutes

1908

1908

In the Stud

AT THE GROVE FARM Bnrkevllle, Va.

THE GENERAL2nd.

IMPORTED HACKNEY STALLION.

Magnificent chestnut horse, over 16.2 hands In height; weight 1250 pounds; with superh conformation, grand action and perfect manners. He was Imported by H. K. Bloodgood, the noted hackney breed«r. of Massachusetts, especially for use In the stud. His get, which are very fine specimens, may be seen at The Grove Farm.

Fee for the fall season of 1908, $li; ■Ingle leap $10, due at time of service.

Address T. O. Swody, Dr. John Yonng or Dr. J. G. Ferneyhough, Owners. BURKEV1LLE, VA.

N. B. We are offering for sale at attractive prices, two y«ang hackney stallions, one and two years old, both registered and splendid Individuals.

CAN CANCER BE CURED? IT CAN.

We wast every man and woman In the United States to know what we are doing—we are curing Can-cere. Tumors and Chronic Sores without the use of the knife or by X-Ray, and are endorsed by the Senate and Legislature of Virginia.

We Guarantee Our Cures.

KELLAM HOSPITAL

1615 West Main St., Richmond, Va. FRED C. KELLAM, President.

H. G. CARTER.

W. J. CARTER.

H. Q. CARTER & CO.,

Successors to F. H. DEANB & CO.

HAY, GRAIN, MILL-FEED AND FLOUR.

1105 East Cary Street, RICHMOND, VA.

1908.

1008.

In the Stud, HACKNBJT STAXX.ION. PATRICK HENRY.

Chestnut horse by "Squire Rlckel," ton of the famous Cadet: dam, "Mar-lorle," a gold medal winner by "Rose-berry."

A POLLARD * SONS,

R. F. D. No. 5, Richmond, Va. Dunraven Stock Farm,

The Ainslie Carriage Company,

Nos. 8, 10 and 12 South 8th Street, Richmond, Virginia. Designers and builders of fine pleasure and business vehicles. Large assortment of carriages, buggies, wagons, etc. Repairing a specialty.

Estimates Promptly Furnished.

WEALTH, 20570. Record 2il0

Bay horse, 16 hands; weight 1,100

pounds, by Gambttta Wilkes, world's leading sire of standard performers, with over 20f In the list; dam Magnolia, by Norfolk, 3670, sire of Miss Nelson, 2:11%, etc. Wealth combines fine size and good looks, ^lth great natural speed.

Fee—$26 Insurance.

Address:

I. J. COFFIN, R. F. D. tio. 5, Richmond, Va.

Stallion cards, folders and catalogs compiled; pedigrees of trotters and thoroughbred horses traced. My library includes Year Books, Trotting Registers, Stud Books, Files of turf journals and other references. Special attention to registration of horses.

Address W. J. CARTER, 1105 E. Cary Street, Richmond, Va.

or, 1102 Hull St., Manchester, Va.

Representing The Tlmes-Dispateh and Southern Planter, Richmond, Va.; The Trotter and Pacer, New York; The Horseman, Chicago, 1111.; The American Horse Breeder, Boston, Mass.

DR. FRAZER A. SMITH,

Veterinary Surgeon.

Office and hospital, 14 South 10th St Richmond, Va.

WOODLAWN STOCK FARM

Hunters, jumpers, high class harness horses and Shetland Ponies for sale.

The Woodlawn herd of Shetlands la headed by the prize winning stallion, Governor Glenn, fee $16 season. I am offering some choice Shetland brood mares at reasonable prices.

Address,

HARRY C. DEATTIK, Woodlawn Farm, Richmond, Va.

?

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1143

n

THE IMPLEMEMT COMPANY

1302 East Main St., Richmond, Va.

Headquarters for the best in f/^ff IMPLEMENTS.

Implements that work easy and wear well are the kind we sell.

Our Descriptive Catalogue is one of the best and most complete of implement catalogues. Every Farmer should have a copy. Mailed free on request.

AMERICAN POLE SAWS For cord wood or long poles. Furnished with balance wheel beneath frame if so wanted.

CASE STALK CUTTERS.

The strongest and most serviceable cutter on the market. Made extra heavy to give the weight necessary to do perfect work.

OHIO .FEED .AND ENSILAGE CUTTERS.

Combine the Fence and the Hog* and get the Dollars

AmericanDoHarsf

For hand or power Furnished with or without Carrier or Blower. Special catalogue telling all abuot them sent free to any address.

Buckeye Feed Mills and Powers, for grinding ear corn or small grain. The best mill for Dairymen.

It leads all others in fast grinding, in lightness of draft, In strength, in durability and especially in being the best 2-Horse Power for operating Feed Cutters, Corn Shollers, Wood Saws, or any other light running machinery. '<

GALVANIZED HEAVY GAUGE V-CRIMP ROOFING.

Makes the most economical and durable roofing known. Never requires painting or any attention after laid and requires no tools except a hammer to put it on.

Heavy gauge painted V-Crimp and also best grades of rubber roofing In stock at lowest prices.

THE IMPLEMENT CO.,

1302 East Main Street, RICHMOND, VA.

Bickford & Huffman Grain Drills, Peerless Gasoline Engines, Farquhar Engines, Saw Mills, Ellwood Poultry, Rabbit and Garden Fencing, Mandy Lee Incubators and Brooders, Iron Age Farm and Garden Toos, Farm Wagons, Buggies, Harness, Barb Wire, Etc.

*=

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

for this coating to brown. It will

then be

"A dainty dish to set before a king."

If you have some delicate middling and will rub on it the same preparation you put on the hams, and bag it similarly (dividing larger pieces of middling into two) you will have home-cured meat just as nice as the breakfast bacon you buy at a high price from your grocer.

In connection with the subject of hams, I will say a few words about the jelly stock prepared from the hog's feet. This makes far nicer jelly than gelatine, though, on the other hand, it is much more troublesome. The feet should be dropped into a tub of cold water, and stand there several days, if the weather is cold enough, otherwise the time will have to be shortened. Each day the water should be changed, and the feet well scraped with a sharp knife. They should be nice and white by the third day, and they should then be boiled in a large ham boiler (without salt, of course,) the feet taken out when tender, and the juices strained and poured into a large bowl, or bowls. I used to feel compelled to make up this stock in a hurry for fear of its tainting till I hit upon a simple experiment which enabled me to keep it more than twice as long. A deposit of oil (commonly known as neat's foot oil, I believe,) rises to the

surface of the jelly stock, forming a thick coating when it is thoroughly cold. Instead of skimming off this at once, I adopted the plan of leaving it till just as I was ready to make the jelly, and as it made the stock impervious to the air, I kept it perfectly sound for many days, especially when kept in a cold place. When skimmed off this oil, which is very delicate, is nice to rub on harness, melted before applying it. Homemade jelly stock makes delightful charlotte russe, as well as jelly, if it is nice and light colored. A pint of it will answer for a quart of cream. Use the whites of six eggs stiffly frothed. Dissolve the jelly stock in a tea cup of fresh milk, boiling hot, and when it becomes lukewarm, drop it slowly into the cream (stiffly frothed) and the eggs, to which add a teacup of sugar and teaspoonful of vanilla. Then pour into a bowl, or bowls, and set in a cold place. For a family of five or six persons, you may halve the above proportions, as both the cream and whites of eggs double their bulk when beaten. It seems strange that any part of so gross an animal as the hog can enter into the composition of such a delicious and fairy-like dessert; also it seems strange that this animal should furnish part of the material for such a terrific explosition as nitro-glycer-

ine. Truly, the hog is a versatile genius.

I recently came across a brilliant 'bon-mot" in connection with the hog. Sir Moses Montifiore, the eminent Jewish philanthropist, happened to be in company with an ill-bred man who was running down Jews. The latter suddenly checked himself, exclaiming "But I must stop. Sir Moses looks as if he could eat me up." "Oh, no," exclaimed Sir Moses. "The tenets of my religion forbid it."

The above illustration shows Miss Phillis Hunt, of Iowa, engaged in loading corn fodder on an Electric Handy Wagon made by The Electric Wheel Co., Quincy, 111.

This young lady, according to reports, likes^ nothing better than loading and hauling corn fodder on these low wagons. She is about 16 years old and weighs 110 pounds and thinks she is able to haul as much corn fodder on a Handy Wagon in one day, as a full grown man can haul on the ordinary high wagon in the same length of time.

Miss Hunt, however, according to her letter, is not willing to undertake to haul all the corn fodder and it would be useless for any of our young farmer readers to imagine that they could avoid all this work, by contracting a matrimonial alliance-with Miss Hunt.

. *> ^ ^'■ <3^3^ l g '^ "J^ | y^iM l ^i^ l '^> ' ^^^^i^^ i M <

II

NEW IDEA MANURE SPREADER.

Built like a wagon—Axles same length. Tires 4 Inches wide— Best on earth. Write for special offer on first machine sold in each county of our territory. jj ^

Tornado Feed Cutters

BOTH HAND AND POWER.

Biggest Investment You Can Make.

Will Cut 3 Lengths.

Lightest Draft—Steady Running-.

Write for free Catalog.

Fairbanks-Morse Gasoline and Ke-osene Engines, Wind-Mills, Towers, Tanks, New Mills, Wood Saws, Owensboro and Buckeye Farm Wagons, Hickory and Peters Bu sel and Genuine Dixie Plows and Repairs, J. I. Case Portable and Traction Engines, Separators.

POSTAL US FOR CATALOGUES OR ANY INFORMATION DRSTRKD.

Hollond Corn and Cob 5 ies and Carriages, Bis-

F. C. HOENNIGER &. BRO., INC.

1 432 East Main Street Richmond, Va.

(F. C Hoennlger, Pre*. 4 Tree.; T. W. Hoennlger, V.-Pr*m. & Mgr.; L. O. Boone. 8ecy.)

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

1145

LEADING 1908 UP-TO-DATE LABOR SAVING TWENTIETH CENTURY MACHINERY.

We carry in stock all

sizes and styles of

Scientific Mills.

The No. 20 Power Mil

THE SIMPLEX PRESS.

Simplex Little Giant Baling Press lor farmers' own use. Has large capacity. Write for prices and catalogue.

<L_

This is the latest addition to the line of Scientific Feed Grinding Mills, and has been designed to meet the requirements of those having horse powers and small engines.

With a two-horse sweep power or with a two- or three-horse engine

BROWN 6 or 7 Knife Stalk Cutters, the mill will gTind shelled corn, oats, Write for circulars and prices. rye, barley, wheat and all small grains

BROWN Steel Lever Harrows, Wood at the rate of 10 to 20 bushels per Harrows, Case-Ring Bearing Disc hour, also grinds corn aci cob. aHrrows, Spring Tooth Harrows. All sizes, plain or with levers. Acme Harrows of all styles kept in stock at lowest net prices.

Horse and Steam Power Baling DON'T FORGET! All the merchants presses. Write for circulars.

in town who claim to sell Oliver Chilled

Plows and Repairs only sell the imitation, bogus, cheap goods. The only store in Richmond, Va., to buy Genuine Oliver Plows and Repairs is at. HENING & NUCKOLS.

I.

7mm yen raft aj> a jorn tsom offlm for &*£ os »afltt*g» wttb

THE BOSS

8fB»liag» W'*«toln<»rjr,

'5a*qoiiil«d la mason*^

ties &n<3 catting %uj*y, Blur

<tej E2«7M« *ay ihU&K, •»

i»y dteMttoa «9 ftn? ungu Oow ntL&rad far IManrated CWiaj ■ P

ilfili^.

Studebaker Buggies, all styles; Stud-ebaker Carriages; Studebaker Carts; Studebaker Runabouts. Special prices given on Studebaker and Brown Wagons, Buggies and Carts.

The above illustration is that of the Ross Wood Frame Pole Saw for sawing all kinds of timber, both long and short. The construction of same is the very best. The lumber used is hard wood and good size, not frail in any particular. The bearings are all babbitted. The arbor is extra large, size 1 7-16 inches, and has heavy fly wheel. Frame is not nailed together, but mortised and tennoned and bolted. They are as good as the best and better than the majority of others. The table is equipped with rollers, making it convenient to handle heavy timber. Write for special catalogues and prices.

Studebaker Farm Trucks—with wood pr steel wheels and removable bolster stakes. Write for prices and cata-ogues.

Kemp's Twentieth Century Improved Manure Spreader. Made in three sizes. Write for special catalogue and pricss.

Scientific Combined Mill and Horse Power No. 8. Double action, triple geared, new. Grinds car corn and all small grains fast, fine and easily. Grinding plates revolve in opposite directions.

The Triangular Frame is oak heavily bolted. Two sweeps are furnished and two baskets are included. The feed is alternately discharged into either basket by cut-off. The mill can thus be fed and feed taken away without stopping the team. No trough or conveyor to choke, freeze up or clog.

Both quantity of feed ground and quality of work dono are regulated in a moment, without stopping team, by convenient hand screws easy to operate, or plates■opened so they can be run empty. By loosening two thumb screws (upper case and hopper opening on hinge), plates can be changed in a moment. No tedious bolts and nuts to worry.

Scientific No. 8 used as a power, including 15-foot tumbling rod, two rod rests, and pulley, either IS by 4 inches, 20 by four inches, or 24 by 4 inches. Tumbling rod makes 58 revolutions per minute. Fast enough for running feed cutters, shellers, wood saws, etc.

HENING $ NUCKOLS, 1436-38 E. Main! St., Richmond, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[December,

Wagons S Kipped on Approval.

It does not make any difference where you live, we will ship you one of our Spotless Farm Wagons and let you examine it and try it before paying- a cent on it. If not satisfactory return it at our expense. All we ask you to do is to deposit with your bank the cost of the wagon and have them write us that you have done so. If the wagon is satisfactory, they are to pay us the money. If not, they are to give it back to you. Is this fair enough?

These wagons have been on the market for twenty years and have an established reputation. Previously they have been sold under a differnt name. Bach wagon carries a guarantee for one year as shown below.

Now LooK at tKe Prices!

$27.75

TrllMBLE SKEIN ONE MORSE SPOTLESS WAOON.

With Double Box, Spring Seat and Shafts.

THIMBLE SKEIN TWO HORSE VVAQON COMPLETE

2B1793 2BI794 2SI796

11>£ in. 11^ in. llj^ in.

6 in. 7^ in. 8>| in.

$44.40 45 60 46.80

$37 80 39.00 40.20

ONE HORSE STEEL AXLE WAGON

With Double Box, Spring Seat and Shafts.

2B1798

IB I 800

m > 7

VyjZ. 5-16

%y. x 2 in. 3J4 x 2 in.

3% x 8 in. I i ft. x 8 In.|

9% in. 9 : ^ln.

4X in. 4% in.

7 ft. i 7 ft.

6 in. 6 in.

H00 1800

$27 75 28 80

$23.40 $24 60

STEfcL AXLE TWO HOKSE WAGONS COMPLETE.

1^X3^

V-A. x 7-16 l&x ^

2B1802. 281804 2B1806.

1%

x 8%

3 ft. 4 in. 3 ft. 4 In. 3 ft. 4 in.

4 ft. 4 ft. 4 ft.

11)4 In. ll!4in. 11^ In.

6 in. 8^in.

9 ft. 6 in. 9 ft. 6 in. 9 ft. 6 In.

2000 •2.TO0 2700

$46 80 48 00 49.20

$40 20 41.40 42 60

WAQON EXTRAS

Shafts, for one horse wagon, complete

Body Brakes^ for sne horse wagon, complete. Gear Brakes, for one horse wagon, complete.

Oear Brakes, two horse wagon, complete

Li.rk Chains, two horse wagons, complete...

S.4© each

2.75 each

S.4* each

4.S0 each

.47 each

Our Guarantee

Will make good any and all breaks due to defective workmanship and material which appears in the first year after purchase.

SPOTLESS CO., INC.,

122 SHOCKOE SQUARE

RICHMOND, VA.

LABOR SAVING IMPLEMENTS AND MACHINERY.

THE WATT PLOW CO., Richmond, Va.

Smalley Electric Pole Saw. Equally adapted for sawing wood and poles up to 16 feet in length.

Smalley Cutters, Snappers and Huskers furnished with blower or elevators .

No. Hi Smalley i Hand or Power Feed Cutter. The best hand power cutter on the market. It has 2I1| steel kniveswhich make a down cut.

Fish, Moline, and Weber 2 horse Wagons. Champion and Hickory 1 borse wagons.

Root and Vandervort and Alamo Gasoline Engines from 2 to 25 Horse Power. Circular furnished on request.

Chattanooga Revers ible

Disc Plows made in 2 & 3 horse sizes.

Acme Harrow Made

entirely of steel a n d.

iron, It crushes,

cuts, turns, smooths,

and levels all in one Success Manure Spreader. Has

operation. Roller Bearings to lessen draft

We give special attention to our mail order business and invite your correspondence.

THE WATT PLOW CO., RICHMOND, VA.

1426 East Main Street. J438 East Franklin Street.

Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company

When you put the life insurance agent off with the promise of next week, next month or next year, do you ever reflect how very uncertain it is whether he can do you any good then?

If you are alive when the time comes around, and want the company, the company may not want you. Any one of a dozen things may turn up to disqualify you for insurance.

That Cough may return, or your weight may increase or decrease beyond the limits or added to a none too good family record, some of your near relatives may have been carried off by a prejudicing malady. '• »**.*

It is a good day when the Man and Company both conclude they want each other and "Everybody wants the Northwestern now "

SEE OUR AGENT NOW OR WRITE TO ME FOR RATES.

T. ARCHIBALD GARY,

Gen. Agent for Va. and N. C, Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Company, 601 Mutual Assurance

Building, Richmond, Va.

Society

- - Corrugated V-Crimp Roofing' - -

painted and galvanized

"Bestoid" Rubber Roofing

Carey's Magnesia Cement Roofing

Tarred Paper, Tin Plate, Lime, Cement, Hardware, Terra Cotta Pip.?, Wire Pence, Drain Tile, etc.

SEND FOR CATALOGUE

1557 E. MAIN ST., RICHMOND, VA. STEEL PLOW DOUBLETREEsT

Send for Our Number 8 Catalogue

BALDWIN & BROWN.

THE EVERLASTING TUBULAR

Guaranteed Inot to Break or Bend.

Furnished with Hook or Ring for Plow Mnssle. also Traces.

We manufacture a complete line of Doubletrees, Singletrees, and Neck Yokes of every description.

for 1909. Get acquainted with our complete line. THEIR USE SPELLS ECONOMT.

Ask Your Dealer for

Them and Take no

Other.

This Pattern, No. 105, made In three

J^MIubul^^ Pittsburg. Pennsylvania

FERTILIZERS FOR FALL~CROPS~

LEE'S PREPARED AGRICULTURAL LIME

Old Reliable for Wh eat, Oats, Rye, Clover, Alfalfa and Grasses.

LEE'S SPECIAL WHET FERTILIZER

Continues in favor for Wheat and Oats on thin land Excellent stands of Clover and Grass secured wh en Seeded with Wheat.

LEE'S HIGH GRADE BONE AND POTASH

Good for Turnips, Cabbage and other Vegetables.

IMPORTED THOMAS~BASkTsLAG PHOSPHATE

A. S. LEE & SONS CO., Inc WRITE ROR circulars dept. a

, ' SHOCKOE SLIP, RICHMOND,

VA.