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THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[April,

fifty thousand bales is stated as the maximum. This is a crop two million bales less than that of the previous year. With this much smaller yield it i would seem that there is ample room to make more cotton this year than last year, and yet not overcrowd the market. The European demand is still large and the millions of spindles added last year in England would seem to indicate that the spinners of that country do not anticipate a decreased demand for the staple. Whilst this is encouraging for the making of a full cotton crop, we do not wish to see the planters rush to the other extreme and seek to make an abnormally large crop. Plant a full acreage, but do not at the same time reduce the acreage of corn. It never pays to grow cotton to buy corn with the money. In our last issue we advised as to the importance of making a better preparation of the land for the cotton crop. The average yield per acre is still much below what it ought to be and what It can be made to be by proper rotation ol crops and a better preparation of the land before planting. This better preparation and the growing of the legume crops like peas and clover in a rotation with the cotton will insure a heavier yield of cotton much more certainly than will a greater increase of the use of fertilizer and at much less cost. In this matter of the use of fertilizer, we would urge that a better grade of fertilizer should be bought. The use of cheap and low-grade fertilizer is never profitable. As to what fertilizer should be used, this depends greatly upon the manner in which the land has been previously cropped. Wherever cow-peas or crimson clover have been grown on the land, these will furnish the nitrogen required by the crop and only the mineral fertilizers—phosphoric acid and potash-need to be supplied. The need of the crop can in such cases be supplied by the application of three hundred pounds of acid phosphate and one hundred pounds of kainit to the acre. Wherever barn yard manure is available, this will give the best results if used liberally, but if only a light dressing can be applied, then it should be supplemented with some acid phosphate and kainit. Where only commercial fertilizer is available it has been determined by numerous experiments that on average cotton land the quantity of fertilizer to be used should be such an amount as will supply fifty pounds of phosphoric acid, fifteen pounds of potash, and twenty pounds of nitrogen to the acre. This can be supplied by mixing 1,200 pounds of acid phosphate, 600 pounds of cotton seed meal, and 200 pounds of kainit to make a ton, and applying this at the rate of 800 pounds to the acre. We are expecting to see a great change in the method of producing the cotton crop in the State of Georgia, as the result of the efforts now being put forth by Professor Soule at the Agricultural College of that State. In this issue will be found a report of the work done at the Cotton School which he has held this winter at the College, and which has been attended by several hundred of the sons of the cotton planters and the planters themselves. They have there had put before them the requirements of the crop and the proper way to meet these and the way to handle it so as to make it more profitable, and this practical teaching cannot fail to be effective in results.

The preparation of the land for the planting of the corn

crop should have all the time which can be given to it from this date until the crop is planted. It is possible to get along without some crops altogether or with only a small area planted, but without a good, large corn crop there can be no success in farming in the South. It is the one indispensible crop and, therefore, everything else should give way to the necessary preparation of the land at this time for this crop. In the past, Southern farmers have, in the great majority of cases, given much too little attention to the perfect preparation of the land before planting the crop. They have put off ploughing the land in the fall and winter months when there was no reason why this should not have been done and then in the spring have been delayed in doing this by the unfit condition of the land until, in order to get a crop planted at all, it has had to be put in in land only partially broken and in a rough and cloddy condition. This is the great reason why the average yield made is so small. It matters not how well land be fertilized, if it be not perfectly prepared before the crop is planted, the yield will not be satisfactory. Every great crop made of which we have any record has been made on land deeply ploughed and finely prepared before it was planted. The capacity of the corn crop to utilize plant food in the soil is enormous but it cannot exercise this capacity unless the soil is so finely and deeply broken that the roots can extend in every direction without hindrance from clods or unbroken soil; nor can it get this plant food unless the particles of soil are so finely broken that each little rootlet can penetrate them and lay hold of the food necessary for its growth. This fine breaking of the soil permits of the penetration of the air and water and together these elements make the food available through the active work of the soil microbes which cannot exist or multiply in a dense, close soil. • Whilst many farmers are ready to admit that some of the roots from one row of corn will extend across the space between the rows, yet few of them have any conception of the extent to which these roots will run in search of food under favorable conditions.

Discussing this subject a few years ago with Professor Newman, of the South Carolina Experiment Station, he told us that in order to demonstrate the truth of the extent to which corn roots would extend to some doubting South Carolina farmers, he had had a corn plant which had grown in well prepared land washed out of the soil by a hose and strong stream of water so as not to break off any of the roots and rootlets. After hours of working in following the roots to the extremity of their growth, the plant, with all its roots and fibres, was got out of the soil and the roots spread out on a canvass sheet and dried. It was then seen that the plant had a root system so large that the canvass, when stretched out in the lecture room of the College, covered the whole of one side of the room. The capacity of such a root system to extract food from the soil could then be well understood and it became possible to realize that even if the soil was not over-rich such a plant could, when given the opportunity by proper preparation of the soil, make a good yield of corn, and that if properly supplied with additional plant food, a heavy growth of stalks could make almost an unthought of yield of corn. It was such a crop as this, grown under these conditions in South Carolina,

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which made 250 bushels of corn to the acre, and similar conditions in the James River Valley in this State produced a crop of 180 bushels to the acre. Whilst it is not possible to duplicate these yields everywhere, it is possible easily to so prepare the land as to insure that the average yield shall be greatly in excess of that now made in the State (22 bushels to the acre), and that without any increase in the amount of fertilizer used. The proper place in a crop rotation for corn is on a sod and, by preference, a clover sod.On this sod should be applied during the fall and winter, and the earlier it is got on the better—a good dressing of farm yard manure fresh from the pens and stables, and this should be turned under early in the spring and the land be then finely prepared. The question of the time when it is best to apply farm yard manure to secure the best results in the corn and wheat crop has been under experimentation in Maryland and the following results reached: Manure applied in the summer and ploughed down in the fall gave a yield of seventy-five bushels of corn and twenty bushels of wheat. Manure applied in the fall and ploughed down in the fall gave a yield of sixty-two bushels of corn and seventeen bushels of wheat. Manure applied in the summer and ploughed down in the spring gave a yield of seventy-eight bushels of corn and twenty-one bushels of wheat. Manure applied in the fall and ploughed down in the spring gave a yield of sixty-nine bushels of corn and eighteen bushels of wheat. Where fresh manure was applied before ploughing the land, it gave a yield of eighty-seven bushels of corn and twenty bushels of wheat. Where manure was applied after ploughing, it gave a yield of ninety-eight bushels of corn and twenty-two bushels of wheat. If, with the manure, an application of forty pounds to the ton of manure of acid phosphate is also made, a much heavier yield may be safely counted on, as farm yard manure is lacking in phosphoric acid for the best results to be secured. The question as to what fertilizer should be used where farm yard manure is not available is one upon which discussion is now being had in the columns of this and the last issue. On the one side it is being urged that bone meal should be used and on the other side that acid phosphate should be applied. A careful examination of nearly all the experiments which have been made in this country in applying fertilizers to the corn crop goes to prove that outside farm yard manure it is rarely that any fertilizer can be used with direct profit. Both bone meal and acid phosphate will increase the yield, but the increase is rarely sufficient to more than pay for the cost of the fertilizer used. Where bone meal is used, a greater per manent improvement of the soil will result because of the fact that the phosphoric acid is more slowly available than is the case with acid phosphate, but where cowpeas or crimson clover are sown at the last working of the corn after using acid phosphate, we are of opinion that the greatly increased humus content of the soil will result in quite as large a permanent increase of the fertility of the land as if bone meal was used, and this will be obtained in this way at less cost. The Experiment Stations have almost universally endorsed acid phosphate at the rate of from 20C to 400 pounds to the acre as being the most likely to result in profit. Wherever the land is lacking in pot-

ash, or where lime has not been used, some potash can often be used with advantage to the yield, but we advise that lime be applied at the rate of a ton to the acre when preparing the land and this will usually make sufficient potash available to meet the needs of the crop. On the thin, sandy lands of the eastern section of this State and North Carolina, cotton seed meal has been used with advantage in conjunction with acid phosphate. Wherever more than 200 pounds of commercial fertilizer is applied per acre it should be spread broadcast and be worked into the land, in this way encouraging the roots to forage over all the land and thus get the benefit of the fertility natur-rally existing in the soil. After the land has been finely prepared and fertilized, keep it stirred at frequent intervals to admit the air and allow it to become warmed and fit for the seed, but do not be in too great a hurry to plant. Corn will not germinate and grow off rapidly until the soil is warm, and a crop that germinates slowly and gets a set back at starting rarely makes a heavy yield. Be careful in selecting the seed to be planted, both as to variety, the type of ear, and as to the vitality of the seed. There is a great complaint in the West as to scarcity of seed of good germinating power. The crop there matured badly and a very large proportion of it is unfit for seed. Whilst our crop in the South matured much better, it will be prudent to test the seed before planting so that only the best be used. Take a few grains from each ear selected and put them between a damp cloth in a warm place and note how many sprout within three or four days and thus be able to judge fairly as to the probability of the stand. The missing hills have much to do with the small yield frequently made and these can be avoided by testing the seed. Do not send too far away for the seed. A variety which has been grown in the section, though it may not look so well as one from a distance, will make usually a better crop. Corn requires to be acclimated before it will do its best. We hesitate to advise as to any particular variety to plant, as local conditions so largely control the yield, but it will be a safe rule to follow not to plant seed raised on rich, low ground on high land, and high land corn rarely makes the best yield on low ground. Boone County White is a good corn for low and medium low lands, whilst Hickory King is a good high land corn. Plant in rows three feet nine inches apart and eighteen inches apart in the rows where the land is in good average fertility and well prepared. You cannot make a heavy yield without the stalks to bear the ears, and wider planting than this will not enable a yield of fifty to seventy-five bushels to the acre to be made and at least this yield ought to be tried for. See that the corn is planted in straight rows and the seed put in to a uniform depth so that cultivation may be easy with machinery and no hoe work be needed.

The land intended to be planted in tobacco should, if not already ploughed, be ploughed at once and be worked as frequently as possible up to the time for planting so that the soil may be in as fine a conition as possible. Whilst tobacco is not a deep rooting plant, it is essential that the soil in which it is planted should be deeply broken so that it can hold a good reserve of moisture for the need

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of the crop and be capable of carrying off any excess of rain falling on the land quickly. One of the primest necessities in successful tobacco growing of the heavy type is a soil well filled with vegetable matter, and it is therefore important to select land of this character. Land which has grown cowpeas or clover makes, therefore, a good location for a tobacco crop of this character. Bright tobacco requires less humus in the soil as an excess of it or of any fertilizer has a tendency to make the crop too coarse and off color. The experiments made by the Department of Agriculture and the Virginia Experiment Station at Appomattox, Virginia, in the dark tobacco section have demonstrated fully that the reason why our growers of this type of tobacco do not make such profitable crops as they might do is because they do not use a fertilizer properly balanced for the needs of the crop nor sufficient of it. They have shown that if a properly compounded fertilizer is applied in sufficient quantity that a highly profitable crop can be made in an average season and that if a proper rotation of crops is planted on the land a most profitable system can be inaugurated. In illustration of this we cite the following results secured in 1907:

One plot of land (one acre) was planted without any fertilizer being applied. This plot made 810 pounds of tobacco, which sold for $59.19. Another acre was fertilized with 800 pounds of the regular 3-8-3 mixture. The yield of this plot was 1,070 pounds of tobacco, which sold for $82.18. Another acre was fertilized with nitrate of soda alone at the rate of 500' pounds to the acre. The yield of this plot was 1,280 pounds of tobacco, which sold lor $93.20. Another acre was fertilized with a home-made mixture specially prepared to meet the needs of the crop. This mixture was made up of ground fish, l.OO'O pounds; nitrate of soda, 150 pounds; acid phosphate, 200 pounds. Bone meal, 100 pounds, and sulphate of potash, 200 pounds. This mixture cost $32. The yield of tobacco was 1,650 pounds, which sold for $154.37. This experiment conclusively shows how unprofitable and unwise it is to use factory-mixed goods for tobacco growing and how unreasonable it is to expect to make a profitable crop from the use of 3-8-3 goods in the small quantity usually applied. The plots of land which are used for growing tobacco at this Station and to which these different fertilizers have been applied since 1904 have been put into the following crops and with the following results. The tobacco has been followed by wheat first. On the plot to which the 3-8-3 was applied, the yield was 12 bushels per acre. The wheat following the heavy application of fertilizer to the tobacco mentioned above and without any further fertilizer applied, made 29 bushels per acre. This was followed in part by red clover, which made 2.81 tons (nearly three tons) of field-cured hay to the acre, and in part by redtop timothy and clover mixture. The yield of hay was over five tons to the acre. This part had lime at the rate of one ton to the acre applied before seeding the grass, and nitrate of soda at the rate of 300 pounds to the acre was applied to the grass in the spring. From this it will be seen that the heavy application of fertilizer to the tobacco not only made a highly profitable crop of tobacco, but a heavy crop of wheat and hay in the two

following years and the land was then left filled with humus and nitrogen to help the succeeding crop. No more powerful illustration could be given of what it is that our tobacco growers need in order to make their farms profitable.

It is now proposed to grow corn on this land in order to see whether with proper preparation of the land for this crop corn can be successfully introduced in a rotation with tobacco. It is proposed to apply the manure made on the farm to the grass and clover sod and then to prepare the land well and plant corn and it is believed that this can be done without in any way injuring the land for the production of another tobacco crop after growing a crop of cow peas following the corn. With 'such a rotation as this, the tobacco crop can well be afforded to be heavily fertilized and thus secure a heavy crop of fine tobacco which will not only sell for a good price sufficient to pay for the fertilizer and labor, but will leave a residue of fertility in the land, which will produce two other profitable crops and then secure a sod which will add to the permanent enrichment of the soil with humus, which is the most needed element in all our Southern soils.

The Bright types of tobacco have not yet been sufficiently experimented with for us to say definitely how far they can be used in a rotation with other crops, nor yet what is the best fertilizer to use to produce them profitably. So far, it has been demonstrated that they cannot be successfully produced of a fine and silky type on land too full of vegetable matter. It has a tendency to make them coarse. The organic form of nitrogen as found in cotton seed meal seems to meet their requirements better than the mineral form and with this should be used a little acid phosphate or bone meal and some sulphate of potash to secure good burning quality. In growing this type of tobacco, it is well to be not over liberal in the use of fertilizer of any kind. The finest bright tobacco has been generally grown on newly cleared land of a fine, light texture. The experiments now in progress near Chatham, Virginia will, in a few years, determine how these types can be most successfully made and at the same time how far they can be grown in rotation with other crops.

The peanut crop is now becoming one of much greater importance in this and the adjoining Southern States This State already produces a large proportion of the crop marketed and for the last two years there has been a considerable increase in the acreage planted, and yet the demand for the nuts keeps pace with the supply and the prices keep good. The complaint of the old growers is that they cannot produce a sufficiently large yield per acre to make the crop profitable. With an average yield of 30 to 35 bushels per acre, this is no doubt true, but there is no reason whatever why only such a small yield should be made except that the growers will persist in growing the crop year after year on the same land with only the help of a few hundred pounds of low-grade fertilizer like the 2-8-2 goods. The new men who have gone into the business make no such complaint. One of them wrote us a few days ago that he makes at least 75 bushels per acre. He succeeds in doing this by growing the crop in a rotation with other crops, as we have advised foi

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many years. The peanut, for its best success, requires to be grown on light, friable, loamy land, well filled with vegetable matter and, to secure this, the growing of the cowpea and crimson clover should form part of the rotation, and a grain crop or two should also come in in due course. Lime also is a necessity to preserve an alkaline condition of the soil, as this crop, like all the other legumes, is very sensitive to an acid condition of soil. The microbic life so essential to the successful production of all the legumes cannot live and multiply in an acid soil and without this life the crop cannot produce as it ought to do. Lime ought to be used once in each rotation, preferably to secure a good stand of crimson clover as a winter cover crop to be turned down in advance of the peanut crop. Where this has not been done lime may be yet applied with advantage to the crop, say, at the rate of 1,000 to 2,000 pounds to the acre, spread broadcast after ploughing, and be worked into the soil. Work the land into a fine condition before planting and mix thoroughly with the soil a fertilizer made up oi 300 pounds of cotton seed meal, 80 pounds of acid phosphate, and 240 pounds of kainit, or 65 pounds of muriate of potash in the place of kainit This quantity should be applied per acre. Plant the seed in rows three feet apart and drop the nuts twelve inches apart in the row. Cultivation should be frequent to keep the weeds thoroughly subdued until the plants begin to bloom. Keep the land level all the time and a fine soil mulch on the surface. May is soon enough to plant.

Although it is yet too early to sow forage crops for winter feed, it is not too early to get in a field of cat-tail millet to cut for green feed forthe stock in June or July when, if the weather is dry, pastures begin to fail or get woody. This millet is frequently advertised under the name of Pencillaria. It should be sown broadcast on fully prepared land at the rate of a bushel or a bushel and a half per acre and be lightly harrowed in. The last half of the month will be soon enough to sow it. It will give an abundance of feed which the stock will eat readily. It should be cut before the seed forms and the land can then be put into cowpeas or sorghum for a winter forage crop.

A SEED CORN PATCH FOR EACH CORN GROWER.

Under average methods of seed selection in field conditions there is from year to year more or less deterioration in all varieties of corn. This "running out" or "losing in quality and producing power" of a variety is largely due to mixing and careless selection.

Corn growers are also finding that much trouble and loss is resulting from seed corn harvested late in the fall. They recognize that the best results can be obtained only when the seed is selected early and stored in a proper manner. For these reasons corn growers should employ methods in selecting, planting and harvesting which will give seed of the highest quality and strongest vitality.

One way in which every corn grower can do much to Improve and maintain the quality in a variety of corn is by planting a seed corn patch. For this patch he should

select about twenty-five of the best and most typical ears of corn of the seed to be planted this year. A germination test should be made of each ear in order that no weak ears may be planted. Shell off and discard the small and irregular butt and tip grains. Then shell tht-ears together and mix thoroughly. At the usual time of planting, plant this corn on the south or west side of the field to be planted with the same variety. This location should be changed if it be near a field planted with another variety. Give this patch usual good cultivation keeping the ground free of weeds and preserving a loose soil mulch. When the corn is five or six inches high, go through the patch and remove all weak or backward plants. Also when the tassels begin to appear, go through and remove them from all stalks which are wither weak, barren, smutted, badly suckered or for other reasons undesirable. When the corn is mature and not later than October 15th, the seed should be harvested. Select the seed ears from the strongest stalks with a large leaf development and those bearing the ears four or five feet from the ground, and holding it in a right position.

Through the seed corn patch the farmer can do much to fix a. desirable type in his corn and to reduce the a umber of barren, diseased and suckered stalks that appear in his field. It also furnishes him a convenient place from which his seed corn in the fall can be selected and he knows that it is from the best seed that he planted.

G. I. CHRISTIE.

Purdue Experiment Station, Lafayette, Ind.

ALFALFA EXPERIENCE.

Editor Southern Planter:

In the fall of 1904, I seeded about nine acres to alfalfa. This land had been in potatoes, with 750 pounds per acre of high-grade fertilizer and had been manured. Only a very medium stand of alfalfa was secured and three crops of hay were cut during 197J4.

In 1905, after cutting the second crop, the stand had become so diminished that I ploughed the land first week in August and harrowed at intervals until the first of September when the ground was limed with burnt stone lime, using over a ton per acre, harrowing well. Soil was scattered all over the field from the spots that had the best stand of alfalfa. I obtained bacteria from the Department of Agriculture and treated the seed, which was sown on 12th and 13th of September. On May 16th, 1006, I cut my first crop. The stand was uniform and thick and the field averaged twenty-two inches high, yielding about one and a half tons per acre. I now tbought that my efforts had been crowned with success. My field was the talk of the neighborhood and my friends congratulated me. No prettier field could be imagined. The second crop cut July 5th was not quite as high as first, but was good and thick and looked healthy and prosperous.

Then came the deluge. We had rain continuously the rest of the summer. Sheep sorrel had appeared in some places in the field and crab grass and foxtail had taken possession by the latter part of August. A fine crop of the last mentioned grasses was there for hay but

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no alfalfa could be seen, for what was there was hidden by the foxtail and crab grass. I cut this mess as soon as the frequent rains would allow me and had it raked in windrows when we had twelve or thirteen days successive rain. I went on the field as soon as possible and hauled off the grass, even when my wagon wheels would sink five or six inches in the soil and put it all in my cattle yards for manure. The alfalfa sprang up again except m the windrows where it was dead, but the stand had decreased about 50 per cent., while the sheep sorrel had spread over at least two acres. In 'the spring of 1907 the alfalfa came out well and I got some pretty hay the first cutting, but the sheep sorrel, plaintain and "bullrushes" had made great headway. The summer of 1907 was a very wet one also and the aforementioned pests flourished at the expense of my alfalfa, only about one-third of a stand remaining. I am now manuring the field again for potatoes in the spiring on which I will sow about 750 pounds of fertilizer per acre.

In the spring of 1906 we had no rain at all from about the second week in April until between the 25th and 30th of May. Pastures were not growing and hay fields looked a total failure. During all this time my alfalfa grew rapidly and I was able to begin cutting May 16th, as before stated, and got the entire field cured and in my barrack without one drop of rain. The alfalfa was so thick in places that it had become slightly bedded, and this without enough rain to lay the dust for six weeks.

There are many places on this field with good thrifty plants, but not more than enough to make one-third of a stand while plaintain and sheep sorrel are spreading.

This is good land, with clay subsoil under'a loam, perfectly drained and just rolling enough to surface drain perfectly. I want to get a field of alfalfa, as I know its value from what hay I obtained from this field while it flourished. I want it on this field particularly, on account of its proximity to my barrack and other reasons. I have attributed the failure to the two very wet seasons in succession that fostered the growth oi weeds and grasses, but were unfavorable to alfalfa, and not to the land which is fairly good potato land, not too light, as it is somewhat stiff in places. Would it be advisable, in face of my two failures, to try this field again after potatoes? The manure and fertilizer used on my potatoes will further improve the land and I can have potatoes off the field by the middle of August. I have one of Clarke's double-action- cutaway harrows that is unsurpassed for fitting potato or cow pea land for grass or wheat. This land would need no further inoculation.

I would like all the information I can get on this subject and would particularly like Mr. Clarke of Connecticut, or Mr. Wing, of Ohio, to advise me, on account of their experience in alfalfa.

While another failure on this field would not stop me from my efforts to get alfalfa, it would be a great expense In seeding, cultivation and loss of the land during my experiments, and I have already spent enough money, time and patience to get my desired results.

District of Columbia. WM. F. HOLMES.

Farm is situated in Frin.ce George County, Maryland,, twelve miles from Washington, D). C.

'We submitted this statement to our friend, Mr. W. O. Wing, whose experience in alfalfa growing is as great as that of Mr. Joseph E. Wing, and have received from bim the following opinion and advice as to the proper course to pursue.—Ed.

I should diagnose this case as a plain one of lack of two things: underdrainage primarily and phosphorus next. It is even possible that there is needed more lime and some potash.

It is plain enough that, the land needs underdrainage. The fact that the alfalfa 'thrived so well during the drought is proof of that. Do you not see that if you can make the land perfectly dry> that is, permanently with dryness enough about it so that the air can penetrate it, the alfalfa is sure to succeed? Alfalfa bacteria must have air. Without air they stagnate and die. That gives all the ether water-enduring plants a chance to come on ahead. It costs money to underdrain land, from $20.00 to $35.00 an acre, but nothing pays better where it is needed. On Woodland Farm this season we have laid an additional mile of tile underdrain, and each year we do about the same amount, sometimes more. This keeps us "poor," but the result is that the farm now grows about 300 tons of alfalfa a year, and last year about 8,000 bushels of corn.

We should unhesitatingly underdrain this fine field the first thing. Then we should manure it well and re-sow alfalfa. We think that there has not been used quite enough lime. An acre is a large spot of land, and 1,000 pounds of lime spread over it make® a pretty thin coating. We should put on several tons to the acre of un-burnt ground limestone. This cheap stuff, costing no more than about 31.00 per acre, and it is effective in curing acidity without affecting the humus in the soil. I should apply to a part of this field at least as much as eight tons to the acre of this ground lime stone, which makes as much as 100 pounds to the square rod and this is a permanent benefit to the soil. It endures for many, many years.

Next, when again the alfalfa is sown, I should use plenty of phosphoric acid, and after the alfalfa was established should freshen it up every year with more phosphoric acid. Alfalfa is greedy for phosphoric acid. Grasses are not so eager. Thus alfalfa may be stimulated to get ahead of the grasses.

All this may sound formidable, but my brother Joseph knows this part of Maryland, and tells me that the land has slight value, unimproved, and it would surely yield good returns on a cash valuation of $300.00 per acre in gcod alfalfa. WILLIS O. WING.

Mechanicsburg, Olio.

THRESHING COW PEAS.

Editor Southern Planter:

I have just returned from a trip down in Tennessee. The journey was undertaken for the sole purpose of seeing a machine that I have been looking for for twenty years. That is a perfect cowpea thresher, and at last I have found it. Now do not all speak at once and ask me what machine I am writing about and where to get it and at what price, for I wil not tell you, as I am not

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In the free advertising business. It will soon be on the market, and will be advertised in the Southern Flanter, Cor a strong company has been formed to manufacture It. I have had this machine in view for several years (I have not a cent's worth of financnal interest in it) and have been watching its improvement, until now I am glad to say that we are about to have a perfect pea thresher. The machine I saw and fed myself with the mown pea hay from the mow alongside of me, was made by the farmer and his boys in a little shed on the farm, and it is needless to say that they have a fine farm and are growing peas, for in that beautiful region of East Tennessee there is a real reason for the failure of red clover, as it is there attacked by a fungus disease for which no remedy has as yet been found. Hence the cow :pea has attained great importance there.

Then, too, it seems that the cow pea seed crop of the future is to be grown in the upper South and lower Middle States, for it has long been known that the oow pea does net seed much in the lower Gulf region, and tho sugar planters of Louisiana have been depending on the seed from North Carolina for many years. Now that the price of peas has advanced to nearly or quite $3.00' (and 1 heard of a sale recently at $3.25) the economical production of the seed crop becomes of the first importance. Some time ago a farmer in Guilford County, N. C, wrote me, "Before you began to preach cow peas I could buy the seed here for fifty cents a bushel and land was worth ten dollars per acre. Now they are $3 per bushel and land is worth anywhere from $30 to $75 per acre, and It is all your fault." Well, I am very glad to be blamed for such conditions.

But I took a trip that cost $50 for the sole purpose of seeing for myself what that pea thresher would do. I have for twenty years been insisting that the only machine for saving the pea crop must be a machine that will take the mown peas and thresh them and slave the hay feed. The wheat threshing men have tried various attachments to their machines for the purpose, but I have never seen one chat would not break half the peas. Then there are various machines run by hand that will hull the peas after they are gathered. But the gathering by hand is the chief thing that makes them costly. Then there arc machines that claim to gather the peas from rows and thresh them to be afterwards cleaned by hand power. But these sacrifice the hay, and they will not do. The great difficulty with those who have tried to thresh them from the mown vines has been that the pea vines have a very tough fibre and will wind up and choke the cylinder. In the machine I saw this is entirely obviated. It cuts the vines into short pieces and leaves them in the best shape for baling. The inventor sent me a sample •of the peas threshed by his machine over a year ago. I did not know the man and had no means for determining that the sample was not picked. But in that sample I could not find over one per cent, of broken peas and I was much encouraged. In the recent trial in which I participated the peas were piled in a mow where they had lain to cure. They were Whippoorwills, and not heavily podded. I estimated that the crop had not been over eight or ten bushels per acre. But the machine

ran them out clean at the rate of half a bushel per minute by my watch, and I took handful after handful as they ran out and in no instance could I find more than one split pea in a handful. We threshed soy beans with it too and cleaned them perfectly. Hence, after studying the machine carefully, I am glad to be able to say that the perfect pea thresher will soon be offered to the farmers, and they can sow the peas broadcast and save them. Of course the hay is not as perfect as though cut earlier, for in order to cure the peas properly the crop must be allowed to become more mature, and most of the leaves will be lost. But it is still excellent feed as I saw demonstrated by the cattle themselves which have been fed on it. Therefore farmers can plant peas with the certainly that the machine will be on the market by the timti the crop of this season is ready, and the day of $3 per busbel peas will soon be a thing of the past.

But what awful roads they have in the mountains of Tennessee. I drove twelve miles, crossing the Tennessee river on a ferry, and over the worst roads I ever saw a wheeled vehicle get over safely. I had a fine pair of horses and a light buggy, and it was all they could do to pull it. Here is a problem that is of vital importance to farmers in every section, for bad roads are found not only in Tennessee but in every other State. With such roads as I traversed the farmers are shut up, for no hauling can he done under such conditions. North Carolina seems to be doing more in the way of making good roads than any Southern State I know of. Passing homeward by way of Raleigh, N. C, I was pleased to see fine smooth roads leading out from the chief towns I passed. While it took me an entire day to traverse that twelve miles in Tennessee, starting early in the morning and getting back at night, after spending but two or three hours with the machine, I saw a road leading out from Durham, N. C, over which 1 could have driven the twelve miles with the lively team 1 had in a little over an hour, while in Tennessee I took from seven in the morning to near noon to make the trip.

But there are some magnificent valleys in that country with limestone soil of great fertility, and it should be a paradise for stockmen, where grass and peas can bo grown to perfection. It was interesting to note the advance of spring time. My trip was made the 13th ot March. In East Tennessee the only sign of spring was the "pussy" willow with its silvery catkins, and a slight greening of the grass. Passing eastward over the mountains past AsheviJle, N". C, there was hardly a sign of spring. But as we descended to the sunny side of the Blue Ridge, the evidence of spring increased, and by the time I reached Raleigh on the evening of the 14th spring was in evidence all around, the hyacinths and daffodils were in full bloom, the Forsythia bushes were a shower of gold and the laws were green, and the fragrant bush honey : suckles (Lonicera Fragrantissima) perfumed the air. Crimson clover was over ankle high, and in less than a month will be In bioom. And with all that lovely climate, with a soil capable of great development, I saw men in the fields with the same one-mule plow, scratching the hillsides, and preparing for the summer torrents to wash off the little loose soil down to the hard clay, while deeper

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

plowing would have held the moisture there for the summer droughts.

Sometimes it seems that with all the efforts we may make in the Southern Planter we succeed very slowly in getting the farmers to farm better, and oue can hardly hope to see the day when good farming will be the rule instead of the exception.

I met one large farmer in North Carolina who says if that pea thresher is what I say it is, and he believes me, he i3 going to sow 500 acres in pejas if they are now costly. W. F. MASSBY.

MIXING COMMERCIAL FERTILIZERS.

Editor Southern Planter:

The planting season being now at hand and farmers studying the seed catalogues and debating within themselves upon the relative claims of this and that brand of fertilizer( their name is legion) a few figures upon the question of percentages preparation may assist some in forming a correct judgment of the probable worth of the goods he contemplates purchasing.

It may be safely assumed that the readers of the Southern Planter have long ago graduated from the school of our ancestors who are supposed to have bought their fertilizers by the aid of the nose (i. e, the more they smelt the higher the value) and have learned to be governed by the analysis printed on the tags, allowing to each ingredient its proper value per pound. These values fluctuate slightly, but will approximate fifteen cents per pound for nitrogen, five cents per pound for phosphoric acid and five cents per pound for potash, which figures, though not absolutely correct, will be used in figuring the values in this paper.

In fact, for the purpose of comparison only, it is not necessary to be exact or to trouble with small changes in the market values of phosphoric acid and potash. It is only when purchasing complete goods, especially where a high per cent, of nitrogen is desired, that care should be had to be thoroughly posted on the current wholesale prices.

Our Department of Agriculture publishes a quarterlj entitled "The Bulletin of the Department of Agriculture ot Virginia," which gives the values assigned 1o the three principle constituents of fertilizers, and should be con-suited before buying any sort of ertilizer. In this connection I suggest to our good friend the Editor that he publish as a permanent feature of the Planter a statement showing the ruling wholesale prices of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potash, Paris green, sulphur, blue stone, lime, etc., so that we may all be kept informed of any change in prices which occur between the issues of the quarterly bulletin before referred to.

In considering the source from whence we derive our materials for the manufacture of mixed fertilizers we find there are about fifteen elementary substances which fur nish nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash in sufficient quantities to be of value for this purpose. Three furnishing nitrogen alone; three furnishing phosphoric acid alone, and three furnishing potash alone. These comprise:

First, Nitrate of soda, sulphate of ammonia and slaughter house products which do not contain any bone.

Second. Phosphate rock, bone black and basic slag.

Third. Fotssh salts ^including the muriate, sulphate, kainit and sylvanite) and al the various forms of vegetable ashes.

These are the substances I wish to discuss in this paper because their composition is simple and more easily handled than the complex materials containing two or more fertilizing ingredients such as the slaughter house products containing bone and blood, fish scrap and kindred substances containing both nitrogen and phosphoric acid. Nitrate of potash, containing both nitrogen and potash, and lastly the still more complex, castor pomace, cotton seed meal, tobacco stems, and Peruvian guano which contain all three fertilizing ingredients, in varying proportions. These materials are divided and sub-divided according to the different percentages of their contents like the slaughter house products, and into different chemical combinations like the mono di and tri-calcium phosphates which go to make up the available reverted and original forms in which we buy the commercial acid phosphate, as well as the tetra-calcium phosphate which appears in basic slag, making in all about thirty different substances; but reduced to elementary principles we find that only the original numbers, or fifteen, need our consideration. Some of these articles, such as fish scrap, wood ashes, tobacco stems and cotton seed hulls ashes are of only local importance, slaughter house products will not be considered in relation to mixed goods as they vary so greatly in composition and involve a complicated calculation to find their value and generally command so high a price by themselves as to make them expensive forms in which to buy either nitrogen or phosphoric acid for the manufacturer of low grade goods, which it is the purpose of the present paper to discuss. Cotton seed meal is too valuable for feed to be within reach of the fertilizer mixer in Virginia.

If we eliminate the above substances our choice is narrowed down to nitrate of soda and sulphate of ammonia from which to derive our nitrogen; acid phosphate and basic slag as sources of phosphoric acid and potash salts to furnish the potash. This brings me to the point I have aimed to reach, that nitrate of soda, acid phosphate and potash salts are the chief sources from whence we derive our nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash.

Let us see then how these chemicals combine in making a ton of mixed fertilizer, taking as the first example the well-known 2-8-2 combination.

Two per cent, of nitrogen or 40 pounds to the ton obtained from nitrate of soda analyzing 16 per cent, would require 250 lbs

Sight per cent, of phosphoric acid or 160 pounds to die ton obtained from acid phosphate analyzing 14 per cent, would require 1,143 lbs

Two per cent, of potash or 40 pounds to the ton obtained from muriate of potash analyzing 50 per cent, would require 80 lbs

Making a total of 1,473 lbs

of fertilizer to which must be added 527 lbs

of filler of some sort, usually gypsum, or

ground oyster shells to make up S.OCO lbs

or one ton of fertiliser and filler combined.

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It may tie objected that were kainit used in place of muriate of potash it would take about four times as much or 320 pounds instead of eighty to make up the percentage in which case only 287 pounds of filler would be necessary instead of 527, but this only means that the filler is a different material as the additional weight of the kainit is made up of chloride of sodium or common salt, which is even more worthless than the gypsum or oyster shells, when viewed from an agricultural standpoint. It is of course to the farmer's interest to buy as little filler as possible for he must not only pay the extra freight but haul and distribute material which is absolutely useless to him. It then becomes a matter of interest to know just how rich a fertilizer one must buy to insure the use of pure chemicals, or at least to enable the maaufacturer to approximately make up a ton of mixed goods out of the chemicals in their original state without adulteration, for it must be evident that when the farmer asks for a ton of mixed fertilizer of so low an analysis that the manufacturer can find nothing on the market that will combine and make it, there is absolutely nothing else for him to do but to make up a combination of chemicals in the proportion asked for and then thin it down with filler until it comes to the analysis and price to suit the purchaser. If a customer wants to drink milk so thin that no breed of cow will give it poor enough in its natural state, there is no alternative but to put a little water with it to bring it to the desired specific gravity. The manufacturer is not in any way to blame for the use of filler, in fact it is almost impossible to figure out combinations of chemicals that will contain the percentage of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash desired for the various crops on different soils without the use of some innocent material to balance up the sum total. The manufacturer guarantees certain percentages and if the fertilizer comes up to the guarantee he has done his duty If you ask his advice he will generally recommend the high-priced goods, for he knows that the purchaser is getting better value for his money, but if his customer insists upon low grade goods at low prices, he must sell him that kind, and if he furnishes what he agrees to furnish he lias done his full duty in the premises.

And now let us see how a grade of complete fertilizer can be made of nitrate of soda, acid phosphate and kainit, and about what it ought to cost, and then we will know when we have reached a limit in price and analysis, to go below which involves us in the purchase of useless material we had better leave where it is. We will first consider a 2-8-4 goods, which will require as follows:

250 pounds of nitrate or soda, analyzing 16 per cent of nitrogen, will contain 40 pounds at 15

cents per pound, and cost $ 6 00

1066 pounds of acid phosphate, analyzing- 15 per cent, of phosphoric acid, will contain 160 pounds at 5 ceuts per pounds, and cost 8 00'

666 pounds of kainit, analyzing 12 per cent, of potash and containing 80 pounds actual potash at 5 cents per pound, will cost 4 00

Here we have a 2-8-4 goods needing only 12 pounds of filler and costing $18.00 per ton to make, and we may rest assured that it does not pay to buy any complete fertilizer of lower grade and lower price than this.

In all probability, a 2-10-73$ goods made up of

250 pounds of nitrate of soda, costing $ 6 00

1433 pounds of acid phosphate, costing 10 0u'

300 pounds of muriate of potash, costing 7 50

1983 $23 50

and requiring 13 pounds of filler to make up a ton would furnish a cheaper source of potash, where freight rates are high, and produce better crops for the money invested than the first mixture, as it would not require as much to the acre unless nitrogen was the controlling factor, in which case the proportions could be modified to supply more of that element and less of others.

In the preparation of the 10-2 mixture largely used for (he top-dressing of grass and clover, where no nitrogen is required, we find much the same undesirable use of filler. This requires

1433 pounds of acid phosphate, costing $10 00

333 pounds of kainit, costing 2 00

1766 $12 00

This mixture needs 234 pounds of filler to make a ton, when made of kainit. If the muriate of potash be substituted lor the kainit, the proportions used would be 1433 pounds of acid phosphate 80' pounds of muriate or potash 487 pounds of filler

If we desire a fertilizer of this character, we had best purchase 11-2 34 goods containing 1537 pounds of acid phosphate and 417 pounds of kainit and requiring only 66 pounds of filler, or if we use muriate of potash in place of kainit, a 14-3 goods, using 1866 pounds of acid phos-phata and 120 pounds of muriate of potash and calling for 14 pounds of filler.

After discussing these more simple chemicals, the temptation is strong to take up the complex slaughterhouse products, and Peruvian guano to see how they combine with nitrate of soda and sulphate of ammonia to increase the nitrogen content, with acid phosphate to supply the phosphoric acid, and with the different potash salts, where a high per cent, of the latter is desired, but, to properly take up this last phase of the subject, would require even more space than that which has gone before. I feel that it is time to close.

PERCIVAL HICKS.

Mathews Co., Va.

1982

$18 00

SOME NOTES ON THE MARCH PLANTER.

Editor Southern Planter:

What Mr. McCullough says about lime is all very valuable, and I agree with him in the main, but when he says never buy lime that has magnesia in it he is placing those whose only limestone is magnesian in a tight place. Magnesia is plant food as much as lime, and while one gets lime for the lime, and should get, if practicable, a pure lime, there are many places where only the magnesian lime is available, and it is used in Eastern Peon-

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

sylvania with good results by hundreds of farmers. Pure lime, such as one can get in the Valley of Virginia, will slake a larger bulk than the magnesian lime of the Susquehanna and Schuylkill Valleys, but I would not hesitate to use the magnesian lime if it was the most accessible.

Cover Crops in the South.

It is true, as Mr. Franklin well says, that nature abhors a vacant soil, and yet I have seen soils that have been so constantly kept in hoed crops that nature seems to have given up the task of trying to cover them. This week I rode from Raleigh, N. C, to Portsmouth, Va. All along in the tobacco-growing section about Henderson and Kittrel, N. C, the whitish soil was absolutely bare from last year's cultivation, and untold years before, and almost hurt one's eyes to see it. Here and there there gleamed a little patch of crimson clover from about an eighth to a half-acre, and in only one case did I see a whole field of this clover. The wonder was that when men see how well it grows in little patches, they do not seem to realize that it would be well to have it over all their bare land in winter. And these lands are generally hills and wash badly, and yet the farmers (?) were at work scratching the dead cotton stalks down with a mule and a little plow, not seeming to know that that, combined with the bare land, has been just what has made it wash so badly. And further along the road the same practice was seen in operation, turning the soil three inches deep for the peanut and tobacco crops, hoping evidently to squeeze a little crop out of that old dead skeleton of sand and clay with a little commercial fertilizer, with an infinitessimal amount of nitrogen in it, for which they pay a round price, while the man driving that mule and holding that little plow is wading in a sea of nitrogen from which he could draw full supplies without cost while building up the humus in his land with a legume crop growing on it all winter. Then after his poor crop is harvested, the fertilizer man gets the lion's share, and the soil is again left bare all winter to lose more than it lost in summer. Such sights are saddening to one who has been spending the best part of his life in the effort to get better farming in the South.

Nitrogen Buying. Mr. Bergman has written an article that should be read and studied. It is the idea that I have been trying to get our farmers to absorb for many years, that with general grain farming a man who buys nitrogen is wasting his money. Of course, a heavy application of a good article of pure raw bone meal will greatly increase the corn crop, but at $30 per ton the man who can make its use profitable qn the corn crop will do more than I have ever done, and so far as the phosphoric acid in it is concerned, he can buy that cheaper in some other form and a more readiiy available form, too. A farm "demonstration," to be of real value, must run through a series of years, and show how land can be increased in productiveness while making paying crops. A demonstration showing that by the liberal use of fertilizers a bigger crop can be made, is of little value. Land that will make 60 bushels of corn without manure or fertilizers is already in very good heart and only needs a good rotation and an

occasional application to the legume crop of acid phosphate and potash, with a little lime applied once in six years, and it would soon be demonstrated that that land can make 100 bushels per acre without purchased nitrogen, for I know men who are doing it. I heard a lecturer at a Farmers' Institute in Maryland recently tell' the farmers all about mixing complete fertilizers for every crop, and not half a dozen men in his audience had bought a pound of nitrogen for twenty years, and yet are growing crops of forty or more bushels of wheat and seventy-five bushels of corn per acre. Another item I would add to what Mr. Bergman says about peas among corn. Some have asked if they do not damage the corn. I answer,, no; but, on the other hand, the com among which peas-are sown will be actually better than if the peas were not there. Try it side by side and you will see that I am right. The bacteria on the legume roots are nitric ferments. They oxidize the free nitrogen and the result is peas take this up and any plant associated with them will also get a share by reason of the peas being there. Mr. Bergman's article is a good demonstration for any one who will study it.

Cost of Growing Corn. Mr. Porter made corn at the rate of thirty-seven bushels per acre at a cost of 12.45 cents per bushel. His showing is a very satisfactory account. But suppose his land had been improved to the point of making seventy-five bushels per acre? The cost of handling the crop would have been a little heavier, but the actual cost per bushel of the grain would have been still less. The smaller the crop the greater the cost per bushel. Many cotton farmers declare that it costs them seven to eight cents per pound to make cotton, while I know of one good farmer who said that he grew it at a cost of two and a half cents per pound. The difference was that the men who make the crop at the greatest cost take five acres or more to make a bale, while the other man made two bales on one acre.

Pork in the South. And yet, even at the low cost the good farmer was able-to produce cotton, it is evident that even farmers like him had better make a smaller area in cotton and make more pork. Hogs can be produced more cheaply in the South than in the West, and yet the Western farmer makes the hogs, sells them to the packers, they make a handsome profit, and the railroads add theirs, the merchant adds his, and then the man wno sticRs to all-cotton pays them all out of his one crop. Corn Breeding. Well, I like to be skinned occasionally, so that, like the fish woman's eels, I will get used to it. Mr. McComb does it in a very gentlemanly way, but I still do not see-that I am wrong. If the lot of corn that took the prize as the most perfect ears happened to belong to the variety that made the highest yield at the Experiment Station, was there any evidence that that sample of corn would make a greater crop when planted than any of the numerous samples shown of the same variety, that did not get a ribbon? There was nothing there to show that the crop from which that sample came had made anymore than any of the others. The aim seems merely

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to get tlie biggest ears of a particular form. Is a particular type of ear necessarily connected with a greater yield per acre? If. so, let us learn what that type is. Mr. McComb asks "Who is it that wins at these corn shows?" The man who shows the prettiest ears, no matter what style of plant it grows on or whether it made twenty-five or seventy-five bushels per acre. If the ears pass the score card, that is enough, though the! ears may have been and probably were only one ear on a stalk. A certain type of ear is essential to pass the score card. Is that the only type that will give us the heaviest crop per acre? May not some other type of ear be fully as productive? I visited, a few weeks ago, a farmer in one of the best farming sections of Maryland, who is himself a thoughtful and successful farmer. He showed me two piles of com. In the one pile the ears were rather small and hardly an ear would have passed muster in a corn show. The other pile was large ears and these ears would have been highly rated by corn show judges. He said that he bought the seed of the showy ears from a neighbor who was an enthusiast and had gotten the corn from a corn breeder a few years before. His old stock of corn was represented by the pile with the small ears, and he had been selecting it for prolificacy for years. Most of his crop was planted with his old stock, and very fortunately too as he said, for the two corns were planted at the same time on soil of the same character, and cultivated alike. His old stock of small ears that would have been passed by by the score card judge, made seventy-five bushels of corn per acre, while that from the score card breeder made thirty-seven bushels per acre, or less than half the crop his own stock made. And this was not unacclimated corn, but corn that had had sieveral years acclimation. A prominent farmer in Maryland told me recently that he found that the small-eared Cocke's Prolific made him far more corn than the large-eared sorts per acre, and said that the only objection to it was that he had to husk so many ears on an acre. If Mr. McComb thinks that I have gained my experience in a warm office or in the shade, he is greatly mistaken in the man. If there is any one thing I have studied in the field it is corn. In North Carolina, the small-eared Cocke's Prolific, planted alongside the twelve-hundred-kernel Learning, made fourteen bushels per acre more than the Learning. The Cocke's Prolific I have used mainly as an illustration in breeding, but it makes no difference about the particular variety if it has the prolific habit of making more bushels per acre than its competitors. I have not the slightest objection to the big, pretty ears, but if the one ear on the stalk will make but 1,200 grains, I have often made over 1,500 on two ears. While I have not the slightest objection to the typical score card ears, what I have objected to is the making of these the only test in an exhibition. The score card shouM be extended jto Include the whole corn plant, the amount of corn grown on the plant and the crop per measured acre. Then, if it can be shown that the type that the score card calls for is always accompanied by the greatest yield per acre, we may learn something that the present practice does not teach. But so long as a man makes seventy-five bushels of corn per acre from ears entirely non-

typical, and thirty-sevn bushels per acre on the same land from typical ears, I must conclude that score card judging of ears only will never advance us much in corn

W. P. MASSBY.

culture.

INCREASING THE YIELD OF CORN.

Editor Southern Planter:

There is no other cereal grown to which so little attention is given in the selection of seed as the corn crop.

The general custom, until of late years, with the majority of farmers, was to go to the crib about planting time, select large, good-looking ears, and use them for seed, pursuing this course from year to year until their crops would begin to deteriorate both in yield and quality. They would then procure seed from some farmer, who, perhaps, had pursued the same course for several seasons, blieving that corn grown upon a different quality of soil would improve their yield.

I do not- doubt but that this change often times proved helpful for a season or two, but no permanent improvement could ever result from such a practice. In order to

permanently improve the quality and increase the quantity, seed corn should be bred as carefully as we breed our live stock.

In the breeding of horses, cattle, sheep, swine, poultry, etc., great care is exercised in the selection of both male and' female. It has passed into a maxim with cattle breeders that the male is half the herd.

I know pigeon and rabbit fanciers who can give the pedigrees of all their pets.

The most careless breeder of swine, to illustrate my point, would not allow the indiscriminate running of all the males of a litter with his brood animals.

About the first question asked by farmers, who come to buy swine of me is concerning their pedigree. Whilst it is utterly impossible for any one to give the pedigree of any vegetable product grown as extensively as corn, he should be able to tell what varieties have been chosen

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[April,

for pollination; which one was used as the female parent pistillate), and which for the male parent (staminate), and Ms reason for such method of breeding. I do not recognize the use of the term "pedigree" when applied to wheat, corn, etc., as, scientifically used, it should be applied only to the animal kingdom.

A pedigree of an animal is a record of its male and female progenitors for a series of generations. When we consider that the tassel of a Ftalk of corn produces from three million to four million pollen granules, and that these are carried to the silk, proceeding from an ovule, by the wind or insects, we at once recognize the impossibility of deciding with certainty which particular ovule was fertilizer, or even from which stalk the pollen was produced.

Unless each ovuJe is thus influenced by pollen, it will fail to develop into a kernel and a blank space will appear upon the cob.

Hence, the importance of having well developed stalks rich in pollen which shall mature when the silk is in the proper condition to convey the influence of the pollen to the ovule.

I shall not attempt in this article to show how we can almost absolutely control this influence, but rather relate what I have done during the last four years in the establishing of a breed of corn conforming to my ideal. I wished to breed a variety that would grow from eight to ten feet in height, low-eared, short-jointed, with long and broad foliage.

I have bred two distinct varieties, but, for the present, shall relate my method of procedure with the Boone County Special.

I made my selection of seed from a pile of very finely grown corn, taking only ears that had nearly the same thickness throughout their entire length; these I style cylindrical ears.

Every school boy of average intelligence has learned that a cylinder of a given diameter and height will have twice the surface of a cone of that same diameter and height, and, consequently, the cylindrical ear would have twice the surface upon which kernels could be formed that a true conical ear would have.

No ear, however, is a true cone, but the nearer it approaches that form, the less will be its yield.

Besides having greater surface, the kernels do not diminish in size to as great an extent as they do on a conical ear towards the tip.

The photograph that I have had taken of these two types of ears fully illustrates this point; the outer ears (conical) having small kernels for about two inches of their entire length; the inner ears (cylindrical) carrying the full sized kernels well to the tip.

Cylindrical ears of the same diameter and length of conical ears by repeated tests have yielded from 15 per cent to twenty per cent, more shelled corn.

Two important factors in the production of my ideal corn have now been well established; ears low on the stalk and at least 95 per cent, of cylindrical ears.

To accomplish the first, I have gone through the field, selecting stout stalks having one or more ears no higher than my hip, topping them so that when the corn was harvested, by cutting off at the ground, these stalks

should be left, to thoroughly mature, harvesting them when the corn was thoroughly ripened.

The cylindrical ears were selected from this thoroughly matured corn and I have found it to be of a very high percentage of germination.

Without any heavier fertilization of the soil or more frequent cultivation, the yield has been increased from thirty-five bushels to almost fifty-one bushels of shelled corn per acre by actual measurement of land and corn. Corn is a gross consumer of potash. I therefore compound a fertilizer from 14 per cent, available phosphoric acid and muriate of potash, using 150 pounds of phosphate and fifty pounds of muriate of potash per acre.

This gives me twenty-one pounds of phosphate and twenty-five pounds of actual potash, or a 10% per cent, phosphate and a 12% per cent, potash fertilizer. I have discarded tbe fertilizer attachment of the corn planter and apply the fertilizer with the grain drill. By this means 1 give an additional cultivation to the soil before planting and distribute the fertilizer where it is available during the entire growing season.

When the fertilizer is distributed only in the corn row, the corn has a forced growth at starting, but the terminals of the roots and the hair-like roots (the feeders)) soon get beyond the fertilizer and the plant largely lives upon the general condition of the soil, the fertilizer often remaining inert during the greater part of the growing season.

I am in thorough accord with the views of Professor Massey that the entire stalk should be taken into consideration in awarding prizes at agricultural fairs.

Very fine ears are sometimes found on objectionable stalks and have grown surrounded by stalks having very poor ears, these stalks, no doubt, having furnished the pollen for the fine looking ear.

I doubt that a stalk can produce pollen that will fertilize its own ear, and, if it could, I doubt the germinative power of the kernels thus pollinated.

For upwards of fifty years, I have searched for a perfect ear upon an isolated grown stalk, but have failed to find one.

Note.—The shortest ear in the illustration of this article is eleven inches.

Powhatan Co., Va. s. B. HEIG-HES.

LONG CORN STALK MANURE.

Editor Southern Planter:

I was very much interested in Mr. Massey's notes in the January issue, especially the part concerning the feeding value of shredded stover vs. long stalks, quoting Mr. Sherman as saying where the stalks were fed in racks, the long stalks go into the manure, and the man who can haul it out without using "cuss" words at times is rare.

As there is generally a remedy for every evil under the sum, and as I have long since found out the remedy for the worst of all abominations, a pile of cow dung with long corn stalks in it, I will give you the benefit of my plan which will help any who may care to try it.

In connection with this I will state that in an experience of tirty-five years feeding long fodder in every conceivable manner I have used the common horsepower cutter,

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Tornado shredder and steam husking and shredding machine and with every machine found the game never paid for the candles. The best results, besides the comfort and convenience to feeder and cattle has been obtained by feeding long fodder in wide, deep racks in open sheds. In short order the sheds will be thoroughly littered with corn stalks in the most objectionable condition.

Now for the remedy.

Before cleaning out the sheds which, by the way, makes a good job for a cold rainy day, I get a load of fresh horse stable manure that has not been fermented and throw it out along where the dump from the sheds will be. Then clean out the sheds and place the stalks on the manure, using a layer of fresh stable manure each time the stalks are moved. By May there will be a pile of manure that can be hauled out on land for corn in a condition that can be handled with impunity by the most orthodox. J. W. A.

Loudoun County, Va.

HOW TO GROW CORN.

Editor Southern Planter:

I see so much printed matter on scientific office farming that I would like to tell something of forty years' experience shuffling the dirt for a livelihood in old Virginia. I will take for my subject the mainstay or support of the farmer which is corn and corn raising for profit. If the land is in sod I break it in the fall or winter eight to nine inches deep, then apply all the manure to thin parts that I can get up to planting time, the first of May, and harrow thoroughly in April until the land is in good condition. If there should come heavy rains, harrow again as soon as dry enough. This pays in two ways—it kills in the sprout all noxious weeds and grass, and puts the soil in a mellow condition. By the first of May the ground should be warm and ready for the corn to sprout at once an a few days after planting. I never want it to check up until the crop is matured. I plant in rows four and one-half feet apart and eighteen inches in the step (or from hil to hill). Use no commercial fertilizer about it at all; plant three to four grains to the hill.

I have used the variety I plant without a single change for forty years (originally Gourd seed and Flint mixed half and half). Every season I pick the best ears for seed, selecting for depth of grain, small cob, firm, compact rows. Every grain has vitality on its face and needs no proof as to its quality. I always nub off an inch or so from the small end before shelling the ear. The ears have twelve to eighteen rows of corn, and about fifty to sixty-five grains to the row.

As soon as this corn is up three to four inches, I put a big double harrow with sharp teeth on. You may pull up a few stalks now and then, but this is a small loss, counting the good the harrow does in killing weeds.

In a few days I use the double coulters as close up to the young corn as possible and run as deep as I can, all through the balk or between the rows; then, every eight days I give shallow level culture as near as possible; go over twice in a row with five tooth culti-

vator from the time the corn is five Inches tall until the corn is waist high, and thin the corn to one stalk on a hill, then turn it loose and trust to Frovidence. Following this plan for thirty-nine years out of forty, I have had corn to sell. This one year my corn was nearly destroyed by hailstorm. One year with another I average from fifty-five to sixty-five bushels per acre, sometimes seventy-five bushels, all without fertilizers.

The great mistake with our farm papers and farmers is preaching up commercial fertilizers and ignoring the barn yard manure. I sometimes think tiiere must be a combine between the agricultural paper specialists, so-calJed, and the commercial fertilizer establishments for robbing the poor farmer of his hard earnings by paying for something that impoverishes his land and the owner both. I take it that drinking whiskey and using the present-day commercial fertilizer will ruin any man who keeps it up. Stop and think, brother farmers; turn about, go back to your stabe and barn yard manure, try it side by side with the highest grade commercial fertilizers as I have done, and see for yourself which is best in the long run.

I know what I say will raise a howl, but who cares; I am speaking the truth as I see it from trial and experience, c. P. HURT.

Bedford Co., Va.

If our friend will turn to the issues of the Southern Planter for years back, he will find that we have always opposed the use of commercial fertilizers for growing the corn crop and advised perfect preparation of the land before planting, farm yard manure and level cultivation. —Ed.

REPLY TO ARTICLE COMMENTING ON MR. SANDY'S DEMONSTRATION FARM REPORT.

Editor Southern Planter:

I read with great interest Mr. T. O. Sandy's article in the January number of your valuable journal, concerning the noble work being carried on throughout the Southern States under the auspices of the Agricultural Department at Washington, aided by a generous donation from the Co-operative Educational Association—of which enterprise Dr. A. S. Knapp is the General Manager, and Mr. Sandy the Superintendent for Virginia—and I have carefully noted the criticisms made by Mr. K. A. Bergman in the March number.

The latter gives some good advice about thorough cultivation of the soil, the increased use of leguminous crops,, winter covering for cultivated lands, all of which is carefully taught, and strongly urged by Dr. Knapp, Mr. Sandy, and their corps of assistants, but I strongly disagree with him about the crop value of certain kinds of fertilizer, and I most earnestly deprecate his unkind allusions to the beneficent work which is being attempted by these gentlemen, to aid the farmers of our section by advice and counsel, and assist them to build up their worn-out farms. I would say in the beginning that Mr. Sandy faced a condition, at least in Southside Virginia, of obsolete methods, depleted soils, and a spirit of hopelessness regarding the profits of farming in this section, and, by his teachings,.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

enthusiasm and example, has literally "made two blades of grass grow where one grew before" on many a poor hillside farm in this State.

We could not afford to wait on the slow methods of improvements advocated by Mr. Bergman, but needed immediate aid for our soils, and I do not concede that acid phosphate is a good fertilizer for corn, or that it adds anything to the permanent improvement of the land, but, on the contrary, I believe it is generally admitted that its virtue is exhausted during the first season's crop, while bone meal improves the soil permanently, and its good effects can be seen in many succeeding crops. The plans of both of these gentlemen include an application of lime, and Mr. Bergman proposes to use 600 pounds of floats and 400 pounds of acid phosphate on the corn and 400 pounds more before the grass seeds are sown in the following summer, while Mr. Sandy advises the use of 500 pounds of bone meal for the corn crop and 500 pounds for the grass, at a difference in expense of about $4.60 and 400 pounds less weight of fertilizer to haul and distribute.

The advantages of the latter plan are a saving in hauling of fertilizer, a saving of one working of the land (for the spring sowing of peas and millet), and I feel sure that it will produce nearly double the crop of grass, and at least one-third more corn, and give a permanent improvement to the soil. I also claim that the crimson clover hay is just as valuable to the farmer for his own stock as the peas and millet suggested by Mr. Bergman, and I think there is no crop that impoverishes the soil as quickly as millet, and that it would take more nutriment from the land than could be supplied by the peas grown with it.

I do not agree with Mr. Bergman either about being able to pick peas when seed are sown at the last working of 'the corn, for I have sown peas in this way several times, and in no case did they mature before frost, though it may be that his last working of the corn was on an earlier date than mine. I have tried his plan of attempting to improve the land with peas and acid phosphate, and found it too slow a process, though I used no lime, as I was too far from the railroad at that time.

For several years past I have used 400 to 50'0 pounds of bone meal per acre on corn, and sown crimson clover at the last working, which has produced a rapid improvement.]: know of no land in this State which will produce sixty bushels of corn per acre without fertilizers, unless it may be in the James River bottoms, but if there be such land, its owner may not need the assistance freely offered by Dr. Knapp and Mr. Sandy, while there are thousands of hillside farmers who are gladly accepting that advice;

I do not mean to reflect in any way on Mr. Bergman, for many of his suggestions are good, but this article is intended as a defence of Mr. Sandy and his methods, which I heartily endorse, and I am firmly convinced that he is engaged in a great work, which will be of much benefit to the farmers of Virginia.

His own farm, his increasing prosperity, and his four tons of hay to the acre, are an ample demonstration that his methods are correct, and I believe his efforts should be encouraged instead of being weakened by adverse criticism.

NOTTOWAY.

We beg to offer our thanks to our correspondent for

taking part in this discussion. One great object we had in view in publishing the article commented on was to promote discussion of a subject of vital importance to our farmers. We had no idea or intention of reflecting on the good work being done in the State by Dr. Knapp and Mr. Sandy when we admitted Mr. Bergman's article to our columns and we did not and do not now see that he unfairly or unjustly reflected on those gentlemen or their work. We have repeatedly commended and encouraged this work. We believe that it is doing a great deal to advance the agricultural interests of the State. As to Mr. Sandy's own work on his own farm, no one could have said or done more than we have done for years in bringing it to the notice of the farmers of the State. It reflects the highest credit on him and has made us feel and say frequently that whatever advice he gave might be safely followed by his brother farmers. All this, however, does not seem to us to be sufficient reason why we should not put before ihe farmers of the State the ideas of another farmer, who thinks that he has solved the problem of making a poor farm profitable in some other way and especially when he proposes to accomplish this end with a less immediate expenditure of money and as he contends with quick return of crops. Discussion and experimentation is thus promoted and the end will be advancement. We have a difficult problem to solve in this State. The fanners who most need help in the improvement of their farms are, many of them, so impoverished that the outlay of $30 for a ton of bone meal at one time, to be used on an acre or two of land, is more than they can, or, rather, than they are willing, to afford, and hence they hesitate to make the venture. We are daily in receipt of letters complaining that they cannot afford to follow our advice in the production of their crops because of the cost of the fertilizer recommended, and yet we always carefully consider this point of cost before giving the advice to use the fertilizer. These men must be led on gradually and must see results as they go. We have always been strong advocates for the use of bone meal for the permanent improvement of land, and have used scores of tons in our experience and never without securing good results in the long run, but for results on quick growing crops we have found other fertilizers to give more immediate returns.

For the corn crop, the experiments made at the various Experiment Stations have almost uniformly showed that outside farm yard manure no fertilizer has been used with immediate profit, but that acid phosphate comes nearer giv ing this result than anything else. This was the result shown in the experiments recently made at the Virginia Station, of which we published reports last year, and hence they, and we advise its use for this crop. We readily grant that it is not so permanent in its effect in improving the land. This permanent improvement is an end for which all farmers should work, but they, unfortunately, cannot all afford to do it all at once. The phosphoric acid in bone meal is almost wholly in an unavailable form, and this militates against its use as ireely as it ought to be used, but wherever it can be afforded and the buyer can afford to wait, it, like floats (raw rock), ought to be used in conjunction with the legumes which make the phosphoric acid available.—Ed.

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Trucking, Garden and Orchard.

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

The genial spring-lik weather of the first half of March has no doubt induced many truckers and gardeners to put the first crops into the ground. If the weather should continue mild these will no doubt make early crops, but it is doubtful whether we can safely count on a continuance of such fine weather uninterruptedly through April and one or two sharp frosts will work havoc with these early planted crops. We have never found it advisable to plant a full crop of anything except Irish potatoes and English peas before well into April and it is usually quite as well not to plant a full crop until May. Small plantings may be made in the first half of this month, but the time will be better employed in putting the land into finer order and in getting the manure and fertilizer into the land and getting it ready for planting in the last half of the month and in the first half of May. Before doing any planting, lay off the garden in a regular plan so as to give ample space for each crop desired to be grown and lay off the rows the long way of the garden and wide enough apart to permit of horse cultivation. Where narrow rows are laid off and the cultivation of the crop depends on the hand boe work with other crops on the farm frequently causes this essential work to be neglected and the crop is lost or only makes half the yield it ought to do. An hour or two with a horse cultivator will be found time for when a day or two with the hand hoe could not be put in. Begin planting on one side of the garden and continue the putting in of the different crops in regular order across the piece. This will enable one to cultivate the earliest planted crops without treading the rest of the land sad again and thus necessitate re-working.

In the Tidewater trucking sections of this State and North Carolina the planting of the Irish potato crops has already been largely done and is now being pushed on fast to a completion. In the other sections of the State where this crop is grown as a farm crop the work should have immediate attention if the tubers are grown for the spring and early summer market. Where the crop is grown for the fall and winter market, it is too early yet to plant. June and July are soon enough.

The fall and winter planted cabbage crop should now have frequent cultivation to push the growth. Where the crop does not appear to be taking good hold of the soil and making vigorous root growth a top dressing of nitrate of soda sown down each side of the rows at the rate of 100 to 150 pounds to the acre will be found to be of great advantage. The use of this fertilizer has been found to give remarkably good results on the cabbage crop where sufficient manure and mineral fertilizer has been applied to the land previous to the planting of the crop to give abundant feed for a great root growth. In an experiment made in North Carolina, it was found that where no

nitrate of soda was used there was a yield ot but 910 prime heads per acre. Where 300 pounds of the fertilizer was applied in two dressings the number of prime heads was 3,260 per acre. Where the same quantity was applied in three dressings the yield of prime heads was 5,390 per acre. On land where 400 pounds of nitrate was applied in two equal dressings the yield was 4,160 prime heads, and when the same was applied in three equal dressings 7,580 prime heads were cut.

The tomato, pepper and egg plants raised in the hotbed which should now be growing freely should, as soon as large enough to handle, be pricked out in cold frames to grow on and, as they grow, should be hardened off gradually so as to be ready to set out in the open ground in May. Do not force the growth so as to make them weak and spindling. What is needed is a stout, stocky plant with plenty of roots.

Bed sweet potatoes in the hot bed for sprouts to set out in May or June. In the March issue, on page 224, will be found advice on making a hot bed and Professor Massey in this issue answers an inquiry on the same subject.

See that the strawberry crop has cultivation to induce growth and flowering, and if the plants are not making a good, strong growth, give a top dressing of acid phosphate, 200 pounds; muriate of potash, 200 pounds, and nitrate of soda, 100 pounds to the acre, and work into the soil. Mulch the land between the rows with pine tags or waste hay or straw to keep the berries clean and conserve the moisture wherever it is possible to secure the materials for this purpose.

Clean up the flower garden and lawn and make everything neat and tidy for the summer. Dig over the beda and give a dressing of manure well rotted and work into the soil and rake fine. Buy a collection of flower seeds and at least a few bedding plants like Geraniums, Cannas, Fhlox, Coelus. Sow and set these out in the end of thi3 month, or, safer, in the beginning of May, and make the place look attractive and as though it belonged to some one. It will pay in keeping the family attached to the place.

CROP PESTS.

We are in receipt of the Sixth Report of the State Entomologist. This report deals in a general way with the work of the Crop Pest Commission during the past two years in the inspection of orchards and nurseries and gives some statistic? gathered by the Commission in connection with this work, showing the phenomenal growth of the fruit industry in the State during the past few years. Special attention is called to peach growing and the effect of peach yellows on this industry and the methods adopted

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

In Michigan for the control of this disease. We are also in receipt of two circulars dealing with Peach Yellowy and some special phases of the preparation and use of the hme-sulphur against the San Jose Scale. This report and the two circulars should be in the hands of all fruit growers. They can be obtained from office of the State Crop Pest Commission, Blacksburg, Va., on application to the State Entomologist, Professor J. L. Phillips.

FORMULAE FOR SPRAYING.

Editor Southern Planter:

In the March issue of The Planter just received, on page 216 (Formula for Spray Mixtures), you say Bordeaux Mixture, (2), copper sulphate, 3 pounds; unslaked lime, 6 pounds; water, 50 gallons, for all stone fruits after leafing out I have found this amount injures peach trees, making them drop their foliage. I use one and a half pounds copper sulphate, three pounds lime, fifty gallons water, which is perfectly safe and about as strong as can be safely applied on foliage. This is used as a preventive for monilia rot (ripe rot), and I have found it quite effective. Professor Alwood gave me this formula some years ago.

In your copper sulphate solution you say copper sulphate, two to four pounds, and fifty gallons water for dormant trees, i have used this form of solution for many years, and never use more than two and a half pounds copper sulphate to fifty gallons water, nor less. This is an old formula, and possibly yours is more up-to-date. Where did you find it? (This was advised by the Virginia Experiment Station.—Ed.) We have found that we get less sediment and a "smoother" mixture by using seventeen and a half or even twenty pounds of lime to fifteen pounds sulphur (flowers) in the lime, sulphur and salt mixture. It is also said that salt is an unnecessary article, though I have never omitted it yet, believing it certainly does no harm, and may do good.

Albemarle Co., Va. WALTER WHATELY,

Secretary State Horticultural Society.

MAKING A HOT-BED FOR STRIKING SWEET POTATOES.

I propose to make a hot-bed for striking sweet potatoes. A man here who raises a good many uses corn stalks; I propose to use cobs. These are put in for drainage. Will the cobs work as well as the stalks?

FRED WETHERBEE.

Using the cloth, you may need some gentle bottom heat in the bed. Bedding sweet potatoes in sand, I use glass sashes only, and after bedding keep them close till the sprouting begins, when I give some air. But you can make a better hot-bed for sweet potatoes by using wet oak leaves and tramping them down tight in a pit three feet deep. A little fresh lime scattered through the leaves will hasten the fermentation. Or, you can use spent tan bark from a tan yard, if it is handy. Either of these will be better than the corn cobs or corn stalks, unless the stalks were finely shredded, and either of them will be less likely to encourage rot than a hot-bed made with manure. In making a manure hot-bed I have always found

it an advantage to mix plenty of oak leaves with the manure to make the heat more lasting. But with frames and glass sashes I have never found a hot-bed of any advantage in starting sweet potato plants, and I always bed in pure, clean sand to avoid any fungus growth.—W. F. Massey.

CULTIVATION OF RHUBARB. C. L. Allen, Long Island, N. Y.

All varieties of rhubarb are readily propagated from seed although generaly by root division in early spring. On many accounts, we prefer growing the roots from seed. In whatever way it may be increased, the soil in which it is grown should be worked very deeply, and made rich to insure the full development of the leaf stalks, for upon their size, rapidity of growth, and consequent tenderness of tissue, much of their merit depends.

The seed should be sown in drills two feet apart, and the plants thinned to six inches in the drill. In the autumn following they will be fit to transplant into permanent beds, to be set three feet apart in the rows, which should be four feet apart. For the first year the ground between the rows may be used for lettuce, beans or any low-growing crop; but after the second year the leaves will cover the whole space, and require it all for their full development.

The after culture consists in keeping the ground clear from weeds and to encourage rapid growth, breaking off the flower stalks as they appear, and their development and seed producing may not use up the plant food required for the roots.

This plant is admirably adapted for forcing. Upon the approach of freezing weather, take up a desired number of clumps and put them under an open shed, and cover with a little soil. After a good hard freezing, bring in a few clumps and place them near the furnace, la the cellar or under a greenhouse bench, and cover with earth or sand, and keep fairly moist. Within a short time the stems will be long enough for cutting. The flavor is much better than that grown in the ope*. Rhubarb intended for forcing should not be cut the previous season, but given the highest cultivation, in order to make strong crowns, as upon these the new growth derives its strength.—American Agricultural Trust.

Did you ever hear a farmer say that he has no use for a garden—that it does not pay? The man is a loser who holds to such notions. He misses the pleasures of having vegetables to eat in their season, and he has to pay household expenses which would not accrue if a good garden were allowed to contribute to the food supply.

Mushmelons and cucumbers should be planted in the hot-bed by the middle of the month. Look out for mice, moles and beetles. These pests can do a lot of harm in a short time. Trap the moles, poison the mice, and drive out the beetles by dusting the plants with wood-aches tainted with kerosene or turpentine.

Stick some cucumber seeds in a pasteboard box and have them ready to set out, two inches high, when other people are planting the seeds in the ground. Then you can enjoy cucumbers so much earlier.

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

331

Live Stock and Dairy.

SOME CONSIDERATIONS IN JUDGING SWINE.

Editor Southern Planter:

It is now generally recognized that there is a distinct delation between the conformation of hogs and their utility for certain purposes, and, owing to the greater difficulty of producing pork with high-priced cereals at a profit, a study of a standard for swine should be beneficial to all 'interested in breeding this class of live stock. It is generally recognized that swine are among the most profitable animals produced on the farm, if handled skilfully, and though vast improvement has been effected in the rorni and character of the carcass in the past few years, much remains to be done. A discussion of a standard for swine will therefore not be improper at the present time, and may serve to crystallize the half-formed ideas of many breeders into concrete conceptions of what they should seek for in selecting their breeding stock. It may also emphasize more clearly to the mind of the layman that the use of a larger number of sires of marked quality and possessed of desirable characteristics is a matter of serious import to them.

In discussing a standard for swine, it is well to bear in mind that it must of necessity vary somewhat with each particular breed. Therefore, it can only be taken up in a general way. It is also well to remember that there are two quite clearly defined classes of swine irrespective of breed raised in this country. The one type is known familiarly as the lard type and is a product of the corn belt of the United States. This hog is characterized by the free production of fat as a covering over the body and a large amount of lard, more particularly in the region of I the kidneys. The other type is rather longer in the leg, somewhat flatter in the ribs, and similar in the body with a deep side, and the head is longer and more pointed. This type is now coming to be more generally known a3 the bacon type. »

It will aow be proper to proceed to a consideration of what may be termed a general standard for swine, and, If necesary, to later define the difference between the characteristics sought in these two general types, for it Is the principles or fundamentals of swine production that concern the general reader. The score card for swine is based on a total of one hundred points divided under five general headings, the first dealing with the general appearance, the second with the head and neck, the third with the forequarters, the fourth with the body, and the fifth with the hindquarters.

Scale of Points for Swine.

Perfect A. General Appearance: Score.

L Estimated weight lbs., actual lbs.

2. Weight according to age, 6-8 months, 200-250

lbs 6

3. Form, deep, broad, low, symmetrical, compact,

standing squarely on legs 6

4. Quality: bone clean, hair silky, skin fine 6

5. Disposition quiet 4

6. Constitution vigorous, robust, showing size and

substance 5

B. Head and Neck:

7. Snout of medium length and fineness 1

8. Eyes full, mild, bright and large 1

9. Face short, cheeks full 1

10. Forehead broad, high and full 1

11. Ears of medium size, fine and soft ±

12. Jowl strong, neat and broad 1

13. Neck of medium length, thick 1

C. Forequarters:

14. Shoulder vein full 1

15. Shoulder broad, deep and full; top compact.... 7

16. Breast full and wide 2

17. Legs straight, short and strong; feet medium

size 3

D. Body:

IS. Chest deep and broad; girth large 10

19. Sides deep, lengthy and closely ribbed 8

20. Back broad and straight; thickly and evenly

fleshed 4

21. Loin wide and thick 3

22. Belly straight 2

23. Flank even with underline 1

E. Hindquarters:

24. Hips wide apart and smooth 3

25. Rump long, wide, straight and evenly fleshed 4

26. Hams deep, wide and heavily fleshed 8

27. Thighs iieshed close to hocks 4

28. Twist deep and plump 1

29. Tail tapering 1

30. Legs straight, short and strong; feet of medium size 4

Total 100

Among the more important considerations taken up under the first head are weight according to age, an important factor to be clearly fixed in the mind of the farmer who hopes to make pork production profitable. Many have their standard on this point entirely too low, due to the fact that the hogs are not of the right quality or not fed so as to keep them growing uniformly from the birth period to maturity. There cannot be a very clear idea as to the proper conformation that should be sought in the hog or else there would be a smaller number of long-legged, long-snouted porkers seen on our farms. .A good type of hog, whether bred chiefly for bacon or lard production, should have a deep, broad, low, symmetrical conformation, and while compactness is desirable, the middle piece of the bacon hog will, of course, be longer and deeper in proportion than that of the lard type. Quality is an essential and important consideration in swine and this Is indicated by fine hair, thin skin and clean bone. Of course, the bone should be of sufficient weight to carry tke body easily, but a coarse bone is indicative of poor feeding qualities and slowness in maturing. A quiet disposition is an important consideration In any breed of hogs. There should be every indication of a vigorous con-

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

stitution, as shown by what are more familiarly known as size and substance and breadth and depth through the chest.

The snout of a well-bred hog will be rather short and comparatively fine. The Tamworths are somewhat of an exception to this rule, but it will not be improper at this time to say that though the bacon hog is not as smooth and symmetrical in appearance as the lard type, yet if a representative of one of the well-defined bacon breeds, he is possessed of many attributes embraced under the term quality, and is not an ungainly, long-legged, cathammed animal, as many have supposed. This idea has probably gained undue prominence in the minds of many breeders because of the success attending the production of hams in many parts of the South from a hog of a very exaggerated bacon type. This animal, however, 1 is the product of indiscriminate breeding, is not the representative of any breed, nor does he possess the ideals that should characterize a good bacon type. While much success has attended the efforts of farmers who are producing bacon and hams from this class of hogs, it is generally recognized by those who arc thoroughly familiar with the situa, Lion that improvement can be effected by the use of improved sires of the clearly defined bacon types on native stocks of the character under discussion.

Naturally, the eyes of a healthy hog will be full, bright and large. Small eyes showing a large amount of white are objectionable, indicating a bad disposition, which is not characteristic of animals that fatten advantageously. A well-defined and broad forehead, ears of medium size, a jowl that is strong, neat and broad, but not overpendant, a neck rather short, thick, wide and deep are all characteristics to be sought in the lard type of hog, and for the most part in the bacon type as well, except possibly that the neck is a little thinner and not quite so well developed as in the lard type.

An important point in any breed of swine is to have the shoulder vein, or what is sometimes called the neck vein, well defined. A broad, deep and full shoulder and a wide, full l»e*st are important considerations in any breed. Locomotion being an important consideration so the animal can get around freely and gather food, particularly if he is to be fattened on grazing crops, calls for legs that are straight, short and strong and well placed under the body. There is a tendency to weakness of bone in some of the pure-breds, due, possibly, to a failure to give them as, much exercise as is necessary to properly develop the bones, and to an attempt to secure over-refinement of bone on the part of the breeders. Activity and capacity to rustle, even at the expense of extreme fineness of bone, is a matter that should never be overlooked.

It is desirable that girth in the hog be large. The lard type will be more nearly round at this point than the bacon type. The sides should be deep, long and closely ribbed, and this'is a characteristic that is especially emphasized in the bacon type because the utility of this hog depends very considerably on the character of this part of the carcass. The bacon hog should have a finely-blended flesh, characterized by what is familiarly known as a "streak of fat and a streak of lean." The lard type, on the other hand, will have a thick covering of fat over the body and

the streaking of fat and lean will not be so well marked. Therefore, those who propose to breed the bacon type should give especial attention to the length, depth and-character of the side, and especially to the quality shown in the slaughtered animal. It is, of course, true that the flesh of hogs of any breed will be influenced, to a certain extent, by the character of food given, but this discussion presupposes that the bacon hog will be raised on grazing, crops or on foods in which protein elements predominate-largely. A broad, straight back, slightly arched, but thickly and evenly fleshed, is always desirable, and a loin that, is wide and thick is an essential characteristic of any-good breed. The flanks should be low to the ground and" the underline comparatively straight.

The hips should be wide apart, smooth and level. This-is necessary to insure the development of a large ham, and as this constitutes the most desirable meat in the carcass these points cannot be emphasized too strongly, provided the symmetry and correlation of parts in the body are-properly preserved. In other words, the over-development of any part is to be deplored, as it indicates inherent weaknesses, which it is not necessary to discuss at this time. A long rump, wide, straight and evenly fleshed, is an important condition, and, of course, the hams should be-particularly deep, wide and heavily fleshed. An overabundance of fat on the ham is not at all desirable, because the fat is, to a very considerable extent,. a waste product, and the quality of the ham will be determined largely by the proper blending of the fat and lean. The thigh should be fleshed down close to the hocks so-as to insure the production of a large, plump ham.

These are some of the more important considerations that should be clearly fixed in the mind of the hog grower-and he should strive by every legitimate means to secure them in the animals he is handling. Of course, the stand-dard for the pure-bred will necessitate the breeder giving special attention to these points, but it is the general grower of hogs that is more in need of brushing up on what really constitutes a good animal, setting his standard higher, and striving by every means within his power to obtain animals of superior quality whatever his purpose in maintaining them may be. Of course, in a short article, it is impossible to go into many of the fine points that might be taken up with propriety, but it is the general or fundamental considerations that must first be impressed on the farmer before improvement can be hoped for, and if" he becomes interested in the study of animal form and its relation to economic production, he will quickly come to realize the value of many minor points which have not been mentioned in this article and the value of which he has probably not fully appreciated before.

There is a striking contrast between the lard and bacon types, and as there is a growing and discriminating market in this country for pork products of high quality, those farmers who are situated in regions where cereals are comparatively high-priced but where the legumes can be grown for grazing crops, thus insuring the cheap production of pork, should give more attention to the bacon type and study the qualities and characteristics sought more carefully, and by grading up on the native stocks obtain larger returns per individual animal in the yield of meat

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

33;

from the slaughtered carcass, and a better price because of the superior quality of the meat which may be produced by intelligent feeding without the use of any considerable quantity of high-priced grain.

In many instances where breeding is carried on without reference to proper ideals, a large proportion of cheap, rough meat that sells for a low price is obtained. The same food fed to a different type of animals would produce a considerably larger amount of high-priced meat and affect the sale price of the hogs very materially.

The production of bacon hogs has not assumed large proportions in the United States, but, as already mentioned, there is a growing demand for animals of this character and this demand is likely to be accentuated in the future because of the rapid development of industries and a consequent increase of population in many sections where corn cannot be as cheaply produced as in the middle West. There will thus, in the near future, be a well-defined market for pork products of the highest type and quality, and it will pay farmers in various localities to develop a special grade of meat for a given market just as it now pays them to grow various kinds of truck crops and fruit. That a profitable industry can be built up in a short time has been markedly shown by the success attending the efforts of Canadian and Danish hog raisers in the English market, and it is desirable that breeders should study more particularly what the English market demands and a fair average of the prices obtained there for the various cuts. The English method of cutting varies considerably from that followed in Chicago, which is the standard for this country, a fact worthy of careful note, for we have now learned that in entering an established market we must conform to the wishes of the class to whom we propose to cater if profitable returns are to be obtained.

This question of bacon production, while not one of wide concern in many sections of the United States, should not be passed over lightly, for there is a growing demand for the product of hogs that approximate the true bacon type quite closely, and this demand Is bound to increase more rapidly as our people become familiar with the superior quality of meats which show a fine blending of fat and lean as compared with the over-fat bacon and hams produced from the exclusive feeding of corn. Furthermore, it may not be improper to mention that spring pigs raised on grazing crops can be made into profitable porkers at comparatively small cost by the late autumn and that they are more likely to be free from disease than those confined in pens. The Southern States afford one of the best opportunities for raising this class of meat of any section because of the ease with which we can grow the grazing crops and the length of time that these are available for grazing. We can make in this way meat at less cost than any other section of this country, and our farm-ers^ should devote more attention to this branch of industry than they have hitherto done.

ANDREW M. SOULE.

College of Agriculture, Athens, Ga.

DAIRY EDUCATION. .

At a recent meeting of the Eastern Ontario Dairymen's Association, Professor Pearson spoke on Dairy Education.

To illustrate the importance of intelligence and profit, he related the following incident:

Professor Wing, of Cornell, wanted to demonstrate the man side of the question. He selected a herd of cows that had been kept by an unprogressive dairyman, and had given a very poor account of itself. Profesor Wing bought the herd, but left it on the farm under the care of its previous owner for a year. During this time he made frequent visits to the farm and got a complete record of the work of the herd. At the end of the year the herd was taken to the Experiment Station. They were put under the care of a better manager and looked after properly. Feed was more expensive, but the milk flow of these cows greatly increased. They were kept at the Station for three years and, during that time, gave more than double the amount of milk that they had given on the farm, and the revenue from their milk was considerably larger. The fourth year the herd was sent back to its previous owner aud subjected to the same miserable conditions that formerly existed. As a result, at the end of the year, the cows were giving just about as much milk as they did when he had been there four years previously. This goes to show that the bad showing of the cows was due to the man, the cows were not at fault.

There we have it in a nutshell.—Hoard's Dairyman.

DAIRYING IN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

What a future the State of Virginia, and, in fact, the whole South, holds for the dairyman! All about us we see the results of new inspiration and broader and better knowledge, among the agriculturalists. In this rejuvenation of the immense agricultural interests of Virginia the dairy must have its share of attention, if the State is to experience its best and broadest development. When so large a portion of the butter and cheese consumed in the State comes from farms outside of the State, it is time for us to get busy. A small portion of the dairy products of Virginia is shipped to points outside of the State; notably milk and cream to Washington, a phase of dairying in which many of us in the northern part of the State are engaged. The quantity that is, or will ever be, disposed of in this manner is small indeed in comparison with the amount that should be produced within the State in order to supply the full demand of home consumption in Virginia.

It would be interesting to know how many cows there are in the State from which marketable milk, cream, cheese or butter is .made, and the total returns for the products sold. So far as I am able to find, the Commissioner's report reveals nothing along that line. It is to be hoped that the new Department will see fit to glean data of that character.

There are many phases of industrial life that never impress me quite so strongly in their relation to income as by comparison. I read some time ago an article in Hoard's Dairyman giving a report of the number of cows in the State of Wisconsin, the number of men engaged in dairying, and the annual income from the cows. I recollect that there was said to be about three thousand creameries and cheese factories in the State, to which some-

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[April,

thing like sixty thousand farmers contributed the milk from over half a milion cows. These cows returned to their owners something like twenty^five million dollars annually. What a tidy sum that is to be the income from the cows on the farm. How good we would feel if a like sum were coming to the pockets of the farmers of Virginia each year from their cows. We would then be largely independent of the fertilizer trust and the rest of them, and would practically eliminate note settlements for fertilizer and machinery.

The future holds as much for the dairy interests of Virginia as it ever held for them in any other State; more, it seems to me now, as I look forward a few years, and contemplate the development that is surely coming. Certain it is that all intelligent dairymen who are located so that they can supply milk and cream for city trade, or can patronize creameries and cheese factories, can live happy and independent lives, if only they will follow a few well defined principles which are employed in all lines of successful business.

It is imperative, first of all, that a man shall have the good sense to realize that the business of farming or dairying as distinctly requires application and energy as any other line of business. He must also have the disposition to bestow upon this work his inteligence and energy. It is also imperative that he shall know, or shall immediately learn to select, the right kind of cows. He must learn to recognize dairy form and temperament in cows. After having his cows, he must secure the most economical production of feed, and at the same time must secure as wide a range of variety as possible. And then, with as much attention and forethought as any good business man gives to a successful business enterprise, he must open an account with each cow, and must know, as the days go by, whether his cows, or any of them, are not paying him well for his time, labor and feed. Lastly, perhaps, he must eliminate from his herd, as soon as pos-

sible, the cows which do not keep a safe balance in their ] bank accounts.

I hope to have the privilege of presenting, in some subsequent issue of The Planter, my views on the various phases of the dairy industry, taking up each separately. For the present, however, I want to propose three lusty cheers for the Virginia State Dairymen's Association, and tthe good work that it has inaugurated in the first year of its existence. Let us hope that the new office of Dairy and Food Commissioner will bring us many good things as the years go by. ORVILLE A. THOMAS.

Fauquier Co., Va.

We heartily welcome this contribution to our columns. We shall be indeed pleased to find space for full discussion of dairying problems to be confronted and mastered by our farmers. We have always strongly emphasized the importance of farmers keeping cattle and have repeatedly said that there was an opening for dairying in this State second to none. The evidence of this is the fact that we buy 86 per cent, of the dairy products we consume outside the State. Unfortunately, our people have had so little experience in this branch of husbandry that we have been unable to secure its discussion in our columns to the extent to which we desired. We rejoice with our correspondent in the success of the effort made by the Dairymen's Association in securing the appointment of a Dairy Commissioner with an appropriation to support this effort. We shall look to see great results from this and especially shall we look shortly to see a census of our live stock, especially of our pure-bred and dairy herds, so that we may know where we stand. We have repeatedly urged that this work should be done, but hitherto without any effect. It is a reflection on the Commissioner of Agriculture and the State Board that we are still in the dark as to the number of pure-bred dairy and beef cattle in the State.—Ed.

OVERTON HALL FARM.

Among the foremost breeding establishments in the South is Overton Hall Farm, Nashville, Tenn., owned by J. M. Overton, Esq., and under the management of Mr. Reuben Gentry. Since Mr. Gentry took hold some three years ago, the panoramic view of the farm has been changed. Buildings have been constructed and arranged for the feeding, handling and care of the animals with a minimum of cost and maximum of comfort and convenience. Paddocks have been laid out and all accessories arranged for the proper breeding of strictly high-class stock.

In the selection of the breeding herds, every effort of Mr. Gentry to secure only animals of the greatest individuality and best breeding has been heartily seconded by the proprietor, with the result that

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in 1906 this farm won 80 prizes on Jerseys at 72 shows,, and 155 prizes on Berk-shires at 123 shows—all State Fairs. The record on the 1907 Circuit was simply a succession of victories never before equalled in the history of the breeds.

With an absolutely complete plant, stocked with the bluest of blood of the respective breeds, "Overton Hall's" influence and imprint is being felt and seen on the live stock industry of the South. The recent Public Sale of Berkshires, February 24th, proves this. Practically the entire offering went to Southern buyers, who paid good prices for good stock, showing that the South has the money to invest in a first-class article.

In addition to a splendid equipment and splendid stock, "Overton Hall's" business methods must necessarily add to its popularity and public favor. In the first place, it puts its reputation behind every purchase. Full extended pedigrees are furnished with all animals and proper registration papers are made out free and

all animals are registered at actual cost—75 cents.

An invitation is extended our readers to visit the farm and inspect the stock.

i

LIVE STOCK IN THE SOUTH ATLANTIC COAST STATES.

In writing on this subject in our last issue, we inadvertently did an injustice to a section of this State which has been pointed out to us and which we hasten to correct. We said that outside of southwest Virginia the rest of the State and the other Southern States only made a grade of beef so low that it could not pay the cost of production. We ought to have excepted from thiss. statement that portion of the northwestern part of this State bordering on West Virginia. In these counties, notably in Highland, Augusta, Rockingham, Shenandoah, Frederick and Clarke, there are fine herds of cattle and flocks of sheep kept and prime beef and mutton made for the northern markets. One of our subscribers from Highland county, Mr. Sullenberger, writes us that from

his county alone at least $75,000 worth of fat cattle, besides hundreds of feeders and thousands of lambs, are sold each year to Pennsylvania, Maryland and Northern markets. He says that he believes Highland county has better bred cattle and sheep than any other county in Virginia. We recognize that Mr. Sullenberger is right in making his protest against our statement. We wrote hurriedly and inadvertently made the statement too broad. That we should have done so illustrates how important it is that we should have readily available a census of the number and value of live stock in each county in the State. We have repeatedly urged that this should be made, but the State Department of Agriculture has done nothing in the matter. No man any where in the State or out of it has the means of ascertaining the facts on this subject except once in ten years from the United States census.

Farmers are increasing their breeding to supply the great industrial demand for more good draft hrses as the demand is far greater than the supply.

The horse importers and breeders who have faith in their horses are selling their stallions at their regular prices, and must get more horses to supply the demand.

Farmers should rally to their breeding and get all of the best high-grade and pure-bred draft mares to breed regardless of price to get into the market as soon as possible with more good big geldings. Almost every

neighborhood needs one or two good stallions, but few more can be imported for this spring breeding and there are not enough imported and home-bred stallions now available to supply the demand.

The export trade would take large orders if the horses could be bought right, but the farmers are masters of thesituation. The demand, in spite of the panic, is greater than the supply and with all the possible breeding we cannot supply the growing demand for several years.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April.

gg

The Poultry Yard.

POULTRY NOTES.

The busy days are here now for the poultryman. The cheerful song of the busy hen, the merry cackle, the shrill notes of the chanticlere, the busy, contented peep-peep of the hundreds of little chicks, all tend to make glad the heart of the hen man. There is an ever return ing newness in the poultry business to the man and woman who really loves the business lor more than the hard cash gained by it. Every chick possible should be gotten out of the shell this month and next. We must be especially watchful of the breeding stock to be sure they have plenty of the right land of feed. Good, sound corn, wheat, oats, wheat bran, meat meal, oyster shell, grit, charcoal, and a run on the grass will keep them busy looking for nests. A few days ago I took seventeen eggs from one nest in one day. I have thirty nests for my flock of nearly three hundred layers, and it is real amusing to watch them during the busy part of the day. Twenty-four of these nests are exactly alike, but the hens don't think so. Five or six of them will quarrel and fight about one particular nest like a lot of politicians about a rotten plank in a platform that not one of them intends to stand on. But the hen means business. She wants to lay her egg in her nest. She wants to add her mite to the revenues of the day. She does this and many times is too busy to cackle about it, whilst the politician does nothing but draw his salary and his breath and flop his wings and cackle.

Our first hatch came off February 26th. The madam insisted on putting them in boxes and keeping them in the house. She has a soft place under the ribs on her left side, and I indulge it. The chicks were put in the Tboxes, the heater kept at fever heat, but the chicks longed to get the soles of their feet in contact with Mother Earth. And they longed and waited and pined and homesickness set in and a few of them went "home." The cheerful peep gave way to discordant notes, and the music they made was like unto the nerve-racking screech of a cracked violin in the hands of a frolicking boy who is trying to drive rats out of an abandoned garret. The madam became frantic. Those chicks must go into the Iwooder at once. The lamp was trimmed and filled, boiling water put into the tank and pipes, new hover clothes put in, and the chicks transferred to it. When they felt the warm, downy cloth on their backs, all was serene as a summer day and the homesickness disappeared and the discord became the music of contentment and home cheer. The first night a few of them gave way to that "everlasting longing," and were no more. Then they braced up and every one since that morning has kept the pledge and is on the way to usefulness. What did we do? What did they need? Heat. Heat in contact with their backs. Exercise on the ground in the open air. Feed given often and a little at a time.

As I write these notes, I look into the yard and see them scurrying about, unmindful of the strong wind blow-

ing. A few drops of rain from a passing cloud sends them into the brooder pellmell. Less than three week* old, but they long ago have learned the story of a-mother's love. What do we feed them? Coarse corn meal moist ened with sweet milk, cracked corn, whole wheat, a few oat flakes, wheat rneal„ steamed three to four hours untii it is soft, grit, oyster shell, and, once per day, a small feed of parched corn, parched until some of it is black,; This is run through a hand-mill and broken so they can eat it. This is ^he best form of charcoal. Fresh watei and heat completes the story. It is folly to try to raise chicks without brooders and brooder houses. One may raise a few by means of boxes and hot-water jugs, but when it comes to hundreds of them, deliver me. Good motherly hens will raise them if you have the hens and can keep them free from lice and mites.

Several subscribers ask for a feed ration to make yellow yolks. Many complain that the yolks are almosft white. Some breeds and some strains are inclined to lay eggs with pale yolks. Some people feed too much cabbage, salsify, Irish potatoes and vegetables of all kinds. Such a ration, with white corn, will make white or pale yolks. Feed less vegetables, clover in some form, and yellow corn. Southern eggs are always quoted lower in Northern markets than Western eggs, and it is on account of this paleness of the yolk. My feed always includes one feed of yellow corn per day. Clover in some form, either green or in the form of alfalfa meal, or cut clover steamed and fed in the bran mash. Also feed sail! in the mash at the rate of one teaspoonful to twenty hens daily. Some feed sulphur. This will make pale yolks. Plenty of sunshine also makes them more yellow.

Several write me about fowls losing their tale feathers, and the feathers about the head and neck. One man writes: "My hens have some disease that causes their tail feathers to die and come off, leaving a dead quill in the flesh." This is not a disease, but is caused by an insect that feeds on the feathers. You can see grey clusters of them just above the quill in the fine web of the feathers. Here is the best remedy I have ever found: Six ounces neats foot oil, two ounces turpentine, two ounces of oil of tar, and two ounces oil of origanum. Shake well together and rub onto the affected parts with a soft cloth or sponge. This will kill the insects and heal the skin and new feathers will soon appear. This is one of the best healing liniments I have ever used for scratches, harness and saddle galls on horses, or any old sores on human flesh. This receipt is worth more than four times the cost of The Planter for a year.

Here is another question: "What ails my hens? Their combs turn purple or black; the hens stand around foi a day or two, then crawl into some out-of-the-way place and die. One or two go this way every week. Droppings, yellowish green." Many call this cholera. It is inflammation of the liver. Give the Douglass mixture ifc the drinking water. I have given this several times in The Planter, but wll give it again: Dissolve eight ounces

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sulphate of iron in two gallons of water. Put into a jug and add one ounce sulphuric acid. Shake well before using. Put in the drinking water at the rate of one-half pint of the mixture to four gallons of water. Kill and burn the sick fowls and you can stop the disease. Highland Springs Va. CAL HUSSELMAN.

PURE-BRED NOTES.

Editor Southern Planter:

In your February issue I outlined my plan for developing a flock, of Barred Plymouth Rocks as far as it may prove profitable without becoming too burdensome to a family force of six growing children.

The general proposition is that with a foundation stock of females bred by our own family for thirty-two years under free range farm conditions, and averaging at maturity about a pound above the standard weight of the breed, we needed some pronounced egg strain as an out-cross, and for this purpose I secured two males from the two hundred egg strain of the Maine Experiment Station.

Now, I have to confess that these males, coming from a line selected by egg record alone for 'eight years, are both small and off-color as compared with my own cockerels, and I am advising everybody who knows what a good Plymouth Rock looks like to go slow on this stock until they are sure it suits them.

In my own flock, I have colonized my hens and pullets elsewhere until these two Maine males have not a pullet with them which weighs less than six and a half pounds, and, I think, not a hen under eight pounds. Since many of these females are very strong in color, I hope to get a fair proportion of handsome as well as useful birds.

However, we are literally not putting all our eggs in one basket, for we have separated two flocks of our own stock where we use our own large males, aiming to keep up our size for future use, and to-day I colonized a little flock of eight old hens, each of which has a well-known history of productiveness as well as a very attractive personality, and most of them going over the eight-pound mark on the scales.

Here I use a blocky male s of the best color my flock affords—a bird weighing about nine pounds at eight months—and from this little flock I want males to use with the pullets raised from the Maine matings. I am risking these hens nearly a half-mile from the house in order to get a few chicks, which I will know to come from soma of the best layers of my large type.

It is by attention to details like this that strains of high value, either as layers, table fowls, or exhibition stock, are produced. Does it not seem to furnish a reason why stock thus carefully bred on free range is worth more than stock raised in a promiscuous flock or in a series of small yards in close quarters?

I have a word to say about the time of hatching. The early chick is always popular, and I am always glad when some one else wants to buy all my February and March eggs for hatching, as has been the case this year. I had not a chick hatched last year before the twenty-third of April, and it will be about that time this year when our first get out. These pullets laid at seven months and made big hens. We hatched up to August 5th and

gave the late chicks the same care that the older ones received. Each brood began laying at just about seven months, the August pullets being as prompt as any, and they have made large birds. They are in full laying now at the very beginning of the natural hatching season, and mature enough to make good, safe breeding stock.

On March 17th the best hens sold by the coop in Wash-ingon at 15 cents per pound. I put one of these August pullets on the scales and she weighed six and three-quarter pounds. There was a value of $1.00 at wholesale prices for table use at seven months, 10 days of age, and that for August chicks.

Does it pay to feed chicks all they will eat from the start? Can you do some things with good stock which you cannot, do with scrubs?

Can you best afford to bother with early chicks in cold weather and let them hunt a living and mature slowly all summer, or hatch them in the natural season, feed abundantly, hurry on the maturity, and shorten the unproductive period by two months?

The man with some good strain of thoroughbreds will have his answer to these questions. If they set some one else to thinking, they have accomplished half their purpose; if he acts, they have accomplished all.

Vienna, Fairfax Co., Va. w. A. SHERMAN.

MORE MONEY FROM OUR POULTRY. A Selling Plan.

Editor Southern Planter:

Some of your readers have asked me for the addresses of reliable commission merchants in Washington who handle first-class products. This has set me to thinking more particularly about the best ways of selling our poultry products, and I conclude that we who raise good table poultry should learn a lesson from the successful fruit growers' associations, which do so large a part- of the fruit shipping of the West.

The cardinal principle of these organizations is that nothing can be sold under the Association name and brand which does not come up to an established standard, and that every man must dispose of his culls under his own name and in his own way. Following this plan, the brand of the association comes to stand for recognized quality, and the buyer knows just how many apples will be found in each package of given dimensions. Thus each man helps to establish the general reputation of all, and a wide market is secured and higher prices realized than is possible for the individual shipper who sends his goods into the general trade.

Now, the man who sends a good, uniform coop of well-fed poultry to the Washington market'may get the highest price, and yet he may not. If the merchant is overloaded that day, or the market dull, his coop may chance to go in with a large number of ordinary quality at a lump price per pound. If his birds reach an appreciative buyer, it is so long before he sends another coop that his name is forgotten, if the buyer ever knew it. In fact, the buyer seldom knows the grower's name, as he deals wholly with the commission house, and if he gets good stock he i simply comes back looking for. more good chickens, and not for Smith's or Brown's or Jones' chickens.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

Now, my idea is that if a large number of farmers and poultrymen who are raising good table poultry—using males of any of the well-known table breeds, such as Plymouth Rocks, Wyandottes, Rhode Island Reds, Orpingtons, or even Light Brahams—would agree to use a uniform and distinctive shipping tag, and to consign to the same commission house, each man agreeing to ship nothing under the Association's tag which did not show good table quality and to dispose of his culls otherwise, then the selling house would have a sufficient number of coops of good grade so that buyers would know where to go for uniform good quality and would know that the coops with the tag marked "Southern Table Poultry Club" contained only well-fed birds of fairly uniform quality and size.

Thus while Mr. A, B, and C would each ship under his own name and would get Ms own individual returns, yet, by using the tag of the Club, each would help establish a reputation for all.

During the last thirty years we have bred only pure Barred Plymouth Rocks—a large strain of high table quality—and have sold hundreds of males to farmers to improve the common stock. I observe that in almost all oases the cross-bred or half-blood chickens show much of the color and the yellow legs and good size of the male parent. The same is true, to a greater or less extent, of all the other good table breeds. It would only be necessary to use good males, and to promise to ship no sick, poor, or black chickens under the Club's tag, to build up a trade which would bring us enough increase of price to cover several times over the cost of all the pure stock we would need to buy and the value of all culls sold to local dealers.

Black chickens may be good to eat, but the Washington market does not like them, and the best prices can be had for coops containing no black birds.

I have no interest in any commission house or commercial business of any kind in Washington, but I am in a position to secure correct knowledge each day of the real state of the market and would know whether or not our fowls ware bringing us the right prices. The best commission men will be glad to get this trade.

This plan can be made to include both live and dressed poultry and both old and young. As the Club's membership grew and the quality of its members' shipments became known, its trade would be sought by other selling houses and better terms could be made than any individual shipper could secure for himself.

I am willing to undertake to act as Secretary for such a club, and will answer personally or through The Planter all who wish to join in this movement.

The organization need not cost the members a cent except that postage must be enclosed when inquiries are written. The Secretary cannot give both, time and postage. I will be glad to help in any way possible all those who want to improve their poultry even if they are not interested in my particular breed—Plymouth Rocks—and will answer all inquiries which contain a stamp for reply.

Vienna, Va. W. A. SHERMAN.

We commend the foregoing sugestions for improved marketing to the attention of our readers. We are satisfied that cooperative action will result in better returns

and a more stable market. Mr. Sherman is a thoroughly; responsible man and one well qualified from long experience in marketing poultry to inaugurate the new movement.—Ed.

NOTES ON CO-OPERATIVE POULTRY SELLING.

Editor Southern Planter:

The members of the proposed Southern Table Poultry Club could do much toward attracting a good class of buyers by observing some simple rules in shipping which will help to keep live birds in good condition. One thing is to make sure that the droppings are fairly solid before the birds start, and to bring about this condition a good proportion of oats should be fed for a few days before shipment and soaked oats or other whole grain should be the last food before starting.

Express charges will not be materially increased by a little sawdust, chaff, or even fine-cut hay or straw in the crates. Any precaution which makes for cleanliness will pay in the long run, and is likely to pay on each shipment.

The Club would attract attention to its stock if every member would attach a card to his shipment, or to each coop or crate stating that the fowls therein had been on-full grain feed since date, inserting the date

when full feeding began, which, of course, should be "since hatching."

No man can expect to catch a lot of half-grown chicks out of a mixed flock of all ages and have them accepted as full grain-fed because he has thrown out a lot of grain twice a day for old and young to scramble for. Full feeding means that each chick must actually have a full crop of grain at least twice a day.

If shippers, all using the Club's tag and all testifying to the fact of full feeding, would actually see to it that nothing went into those shipments which did not in its condition bear out the claims made for it, then the best class of buyers would soon be putting in advance orders with the selling house for stock coming under the Club's tag, and every shipper would get the benefit of a reputation which he had helped to make but could never have made alone.

The Secretary should be notified by postal of each shipment with brief statement of number of crates or fowls shipped. This is to enable him to check up the business with the sellers and to know what the volume of the Club's output really is in case he thinks best to offer its trade to another house.

The weak point in the plan as here outlined is that the Secretary has made no provision for his own compensation or for clerk hire, and, therefore, could not devote as much time and postage to personal correspondence as he would like to do. He surely could not answer any communication which did not enclose a stamp and would have to make The Planter a means of giving all general instructions or suggestions.

Now, if all the readers of The Planter who are interested in the Washington market and who wish to give this plan a trial, will write me an estimate of the amount or number of fowls they will probably ship per year, I will put the plan before one of the oldest commission houses in town and report results. W. A. SHERMAN.

Vienna, Fairfax Co., Va.

si

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The Horse.

THE HORSE. By W. J. Carter, "Broad Rock." A Randolph Howard, of Fredericksburg, Va., has sold to Lawrence Jones, Louisville, Ky., the noted show horse, Royal Regent, brown gelding, by Bow Bells, 2:19 1 / 4, dam Redmore, dam of Red Sphinx, 2:26%, by Red Wilkes, second dam the great brood mare, Sea Gull, by Strathmore. Price private, but presumably a snug sum, as a number of stiff offers have been declined for the elegant son of Bow Bells. Before being docked and taught to step high, Royal Regent was a fast trotter, being credited with 2:15 speed, while in the show ring his career has been of the sensational sort, as brought out and exhibited by Mr. Howard at New York and other big places, also at all of the prominent open affairs in the East and in the Virginia Circuit as well, has won championships and blue ribbons galore, and established a reputation as a harness horse equalled by no other performer in this State. Lawrence Jones, the purchaser of Royal Regent, is one of the best known and most critical of horse exhibitors in America, among his possessions having been the great show performer Guy Fortune, 2:11%, and others of note.

Since the sale of Royal Regent, Mr. Howard has purchased of E. Knell, Carthage, Mo., the bay stallion, Royal Swell, 34892, foaled 1901, by Bow Bells, 2:19%, dam the great race mare and producer, Rachel, 2:08%, by Baron Wilkes, 2:18, second dam, one of the very greatest producing daughters of the immortal George Wilkes, and back of that the golden blood of Mambrino Fatchen, through Puss Prall, one of the best of foundation brood mare. With the most fashionable breeding; in fact, his blood lines are of exceeding richness, he combines individuality of the rarest sort along with nice size, superb beauty and finish. Mr. Howard has also purchased ot Walter Janvier, New York, the former owner of Royal Swell, an elegant two-year-old son of the latter stallion, from Nianaza, by Robert McGregor. This colt is so handsome that he has been the means of securing a lot of high-class mares for his sire already. Royal Swell will make the season of 1908 at Allandale Farm, Fredericksburg, Va., and even thus early about forty mares have been booked to the splendid son of Bow Bells and Rachel.

Fortuna, 2:22 the brown mare, by Florida, owned by Judge W. G. Bennett, at Riverside Farm, Weston, West Virginia, was recently cornered by another mare and a remarkably fine, large Lord Roberts colt kicked out of her, which is much regretted by Judge Bennett. Though foaled back in 1886, Fortuna is well preserved and a magnificent looking mare, being over 16 hands high and splendidly proportioned, while her breeding is pleasing, too, seeing that her dam was Emily, dam of three, by George Wilkes, 2:22; second dam Sue Stout, dam of Alexis, 2:18, by Surplus; third dam The Lear Mare, dam of Jim Irving 2:23 and Young Jim, the sire of Trevilian, 2:08%, Fortuna

was raced and driven on the road until well along in years before being put to breeding, but she has several foals at Riverside and they are showing speed, among them being the bay horse, Matambo, by Matagorda, the son of Son of Mazatlan, 2:26 and Aid de Clare, 2:26%, by Lord Russell. Fortuna will be bred back to Lord Roberts and that son of Arion, 2:07% and Nancy Hanks 2:04 should sire a stake winner from the daughter of Florida. Lord Roberts has developed into a splendid looking horse of 1,150 pounds and Judge Bennett think? the bay stallion would trot in 2:05 if placed in trainin? again.

James W. Graves, of this city, has recently purchased the five-year-old chesnut gelding, Don Gascon, thoroughbred son of Don de Oro and La Gascon, by Longfellow, and will use him as a hunter. Don Gascon is a fine, big horse, over 16 hands high and impressive in appearance The son of Don de Oro is now in the stable of W. W. Osborne, of Gordonsville, by whom he is being ridden to hounds at the semi-weekly meets of the Blue Run Hun; Club, of Orange. Mr. Graves is Secretary of the Deep Run Hunt Club and at its meets this season has ridden regularly to hounds the prize winner, Kinsman, a ver.n handsome brown gelding, by Guardsman. Later on both Don Gascon and Kingsman will be shaped and taken through the Virginia Horse Show circuit, along with the Osborne stable, and both horses are likely to figure as blue ribbon winners.

The Virginia Circuit of fairs and race meetings has been formed for 1908, to begin at Galax the first week in September and to be followed in direct succession by Tazewell, Radford, Raonoke, Lynchburg and Richmond, the latter to take place during the week of October 5'th-lOth.

The Virginia State Fair Association's third annual exhibition will be held at Richmond and big preparation? are being contemplated for the event. The North Can-Una State Fair at Raleigh follows directly after Rich mond and the management is jubilant over the prospec: ahead. A series of early closing purses for trotters and pacers will be offered through the circuit, while the open purses will range from $300' to $500 each.

The first annual special sale of high-class horses a: the Southern Stock Yards, Richmond, Va., promises to be an important affair. The dates are April 28, 29 and 30. when several hundred head of trotters, pacers, saddlers, driving and business horses will be offered, also matched pairs and high steppers. Among the special features o*. the affair will be the dispersal sale of the Montezuma Farm racing stable, also the stallions, choice brood mares and young things owned at that well-known breeding establishment.

The dispersal sale of trotters, hackneys and thorough-

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QApril,

breds owned by the estate of W. N. Wilmer, deceased, at Plain Dealing Farm, near Scottsville, in Albemarle county, Virginia, will furnish an opportunity for buyers to secure horses, some of which would not have been parted with their late owner, who valued them on account ol rich breeding and good qualities. The sale is fixed for Wednesday, May 6th, beginning at 1 P. M., and the offerings include fine stallions, choice brood mares, and young things), the get of famous sires like Allerton, 2:09%; Norval, 2:14%; Onward, 2:25%, etc.

HEAVES—A REMEDY.

Editor Southern Planter:

I have seen several inquiries in The Planter as to the treatment of horses with heaves. Having a valuable mare suffering from this disease, and being fairly successful in treatment, I wish to give my experience for the benefit of any one with horses afflicted in this manner. For feed, one quart of ground oats, one quart ground corn, and one quart wheat bran mixed and thoroughly moistened with water three times a day; good, clean hay of any kind, also well moistened so there will be no dust, and twice a week give in the feed one dram of sulphate of iron and half an ounce of ground gentian root. This mare of mine, so treated, never shows any distress now; occasionally, when bad weather is threatening, a very slight cough is heard. I have been feeding her on corn mostly this winter, but keep up sprinkling the hay of whatever kind. Never omit to sprinkle all hay when feeding to horses suffering from heaves, for the disease is apt to return if you do. Bad feed and bad feeding cause very much of our trouble with horses. A. R. CLARY.

THE FARM HORSE NEEDED IN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

In defending the Virginia horse in your March issue, Professor Massey displays more patriotism than judgment

Pragon, 42725, 4-year old imported Percheron Stallion; weight, 1,996 pounds, owned by Thomas R. Smith, Esq., Lincoln, Loudoun County, Va. Pragon is a splendid specimen of the breed with plenty of bone and style and is adorned with a matchless mane and tail.

That thoroughbred blood is desirable no body denied. In fact, I recommended the German coach horse as the ideal farm animal. The Hanover and Oldenburg coach

horses are the result of long and selective breeding of thoroughbreds upon the native stock until a perfect typ& was established.

In Virginia size has been sacrificed to speed. We have* no farm horse type in this State, although there are good-sized horses in some sections. We have very'fine thoroughbreds and standard-bred horses and a lot of scrubs, all too light for heavy farm work. Our stock has been steadily degenerating in size compared with other States.

We have too many stallions of the race-track type. Ini this specializing age the average farmer has no more business to breed these types than he has to build automobiles. The average Virginia farmer does not breed for n market at all, but for his own use only. In fact, we are annually importing farm horses from Western States. While the professional breeder may find a profitable market for race horses of special merit, there is no market at all for such thoroughbred grades as the average farmer raises.

The Oligarchy can afford race horses and racing automobiles; the farmer needs threshing engines and power- | ful horses. Farm implements are not operated on a trot or run, but on a walk. The man walking behind a pair i of 800 or 90'0 pound horses cannot do a day's work. The railroads have increased the size of their engines until one engineer can haul ten times as large a load as hei did fifty years ago. The same economic force compels the Virginian to-day to do twice as much work as formerly, if he is to compete with the Westerners. That means he must operate with three or four large horses I instead of a couple of ponies.

It seems a pity to sacrifice so many good points of thefl Virginian horses in the mesalliance with Percherons, I Clydes, Shires and Bergians. But the farmer must have I bigger horses and bigness is represented by these types, a If you could persuade our farmers that the German coach I is really superior for his purpose, I should be glad of I it. Of course, we might, by selective breeding, develop H a good, large farm horse type from our native and racing !j stock, but it would require many generations and that pro- I cess would not meet the present demand. N.

With this subject of the need of a larger and heavier type of horses for farm work in the South we are in hearty sympathy, as we regard this feature as being one of our greatest needs from several points of view. We need more power to handle the much heavier implements which are now on the market and are found to be much more efficient in doing better and much more work in the same time and with much less wear and tear on team and man. We need these also because with this type of horse we get a more phlegmatic animal, one which will not fret itself into a temper and become difficult of control and be in a bath of perspiration all the day and at night be so worn out as to be incapable of eating sufficient feed to maintain itself. We need these larger horses also to enable us to breed bigger and heavier mules. For these there is a constant demand at good prices and to meet this demand they are brought in from Tennessee and Kentucky and other Southwestern States, where they keep larger and heavier mares. The question

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is which breed of horses is the best to cross on our Virginia mares to get this heavier type? The Percheron is practically the only breed which has yet been used with success. The Shires and Clydesdales are too heavy for farm work. They are essentially dray horses for-town hauling, and we have never approved their use as farm horses even in England, and here they are still lesjs adapted for that purpose. The German and Belgian horses are very much of the type of the Percheron, and are to be preferred to Shires and Clydesdales, bu£ we are of opinion that there is another breed of horses which would better meet our needs than any of these breeds. This is the Suffolk Punch. We knew this breed in the old country. In this country it is little known, but, as In the old country, so in this, wherever known it is the ideal farm horse. That has been the purpose for which the breed has been perpetuated for hundreds of years in the eastern counties of England and there few of any other type are used on the farms. Speaking of this breed of horses, Mr. Johnstone, the author of The Horse Book, recently published by the Sanders Publishing Co., of Chicago, says: "It is doubtful if this breed has ever received in the United States the recognition to which its many good qualities entitle it. * * * It is very hard to persuade some folks that the very hairy-legged Shire and the very smooth-legged Suffolk are bred in the same Island. There has always been a lurking suspicion in the public mind that .these clean-legged, heavy-quartered chestnuts were French horses of some sort masquerading under a name to which they had no right. * * * In so far as they have been given a trial here, they have made good. The Individuals do not run as large as the Shire and have proved themselves eminently well suited for crossing on rather small mares. Their progeny is wonderfully uniform and they make most excellent workers. It is doubtful if there is in the entire list of draft breeds one which has a better disposition or greater tractability. In their native land it is the custom of their drivers to break these horses to work entirely without reins. In the plow, on the road, in the show ring, you may often see three hitched tandem guided by one man and not a rein in sight. For simple endurance, it is again questionable if this breed is surpassed. In that part of England where they are used, it is the custom to hook up the Suffolks as early in the morning as the daylight will permit and keep them ploughing continuously until the daylight fades. * ' Suffolks are being bred successfully in a number of the States and a ready market is found for the surplus while a few are brought from England each year both by the big importers and by private individuals who have tested the breed and discovered its real merit." We can entirely confirm what Mr. Johnstone so well says and, in our opinion, this is the breed of horses we want and want badly in the South. Who will set the example of bringing them here? There is money in sight for whoever does so and a quick relief for a pressing need amongst Southern farmers.—Ed.

THE VIRGINIA STATE FAIR, RICHMOND, VA.

The management of this Pair, under the capable direction of the Hon. H. C. Stuart, the President, has already .taken the initiative steps for ensuring the holding this year of the greatest Fair ever held in the South. In this issue will be found the first advertisement of a series which will be run regularly up to the time of the holding of the Fair, October 5th to 10th. This advertisement should have the attention of our farmers, truckers and gardeners, as it gives particulars of the various classes of farm and garden products for which premiums will be offered. The appearance thus early of this notice will remind intending exhibitors of the opportunity to be afforded them and encourage them to put out the crops and make preparation to ensure their successful production, and this should result in a much larger exhibit of products and of much finer type. It will also be noticed that money premiums take the place of ribbons in classes for which ribbons were formerly the only reward, and that where money premiums were formerly given these have been increased in amount. The Society intends, if • possible, to secure such an exhibit of farm and garden products as has never hitherto been seen in the South, and we strongly urge our subscribers to second these efforts by raising the needed products and entering them for competition. In an early isue, the live stock premiums will be advertised in the same way, and thus give live stock owners the opportunity to prepare the necessary stock for the Fair. We want this Fair to be the banner Fair of the South this year, and ask our subscribers to second the effort.

SILO EXPERIENCE.

Editor Southern Planter:

I am aware that you and other writers urge farmers to build silos, but, in spite of this and the fact that our Experiment Station has proved beyond a doubt the great saving in silage feeding, very few of our farmers have one; I feel sure there are not over six or eight in this county.

Influenced by your advice and the fact that the most progressive farmers I know or have read of use a silo, I built one of thirty-ton capacity last year. I was unable to much more than half fill it, so the feed gave out th» first of March. Since then I have been feeding my milch cows on nice, bright, cut stover with one gallon of wheat bran and half a gallon of ground corn and cob meal twice a day. They don't give as much milk as they did on fifty pounds of silage a day. Of the fifteen tons I fed, very little was wasted and then only that part of it which was cut about two inches long, proving to me that silage should be cut into quarter-inch lengths. The same amount of corn stover fed would have shown a loss of about 45 per cent. This fact alone it seems to me would make a silo pay. Later, if you can spare the space, I will give exact cost and tell how I built this silo with out any professional help. FARMER.

Powhtan Co., Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

Miscellaneous.

GROUP OF STUDENTS ATTENDING THE COTTON SCHOOL. COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE, ATHENS. GEORGIA.

THE COTTON SCHOOL IN GEORGIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

The cotton crop of the United States in 1906 was estimated to be worth more than $800,000,000. It constituted the major portion of our exports to foreign countries and brought in a flood of foreign gold to our farmers. To cotton we awe the splendid prosperity and marvelous industrial progress which has been witnessed in the South in the past few years. One might naturally suppose that a plant which has been the means of converting a vast area of country from a desolate wilderness to that of a smiling landscape covered with happy and prosperous homes would have been exploited to the fullest extent. While it is true that cotton has occupied a large share of our attention from the standpoint of its utilization in our varied industries, comparatively little attention haa been given to its improvement, and very little, if any, money spent for the scientific investigation of the many problems which confront the cotton grower. We know comparatively little of the fertilizer requirements of the cotton plant. We know that it suffers from the attack of many insect pests and fungous diseases which cause losses estimated at more than $160,000,000 annually to the farmers of the South. Yet we are doing little to ascertain the best methods of meeting these insidious foes and saving a part of the wealth which they destroy every year. The fugitive investigations which have been made with reference to cotton lead us to see that a large part of these losses might be avoided through a better knowledge of the nature and character of these insect pests and fungous diseases.

Since it has been shown that a much longer and finer staple of cotton may be produced on uplands than is now grown and the yields greatly increased through more judicious methods of soil cultivation and crop rotation, is i + not time that an effort was made to put the vital statistics concerning cotton in a pedagogic form and have it presented through properly co-ordinated courses of instruction to our farmers and planters. Believing that in this way the State College of Agriculture could serve the.

farmers of the State most efficiently, the Board of Trustees authorized the organization of a Cotton School in January of this year. This school lasted for a period ol ten days and was the first attempt ever made to brins. together in a systematic manner vital and practical information concerning cotton. It was the plan of those in charge of the work to so arrange the course of study that it would be of an intensely practical character and easy of appreciation by even those of limited educational advantages. It was intended primarily to put within the possession of the planter known scientific facts and principles of farm practice which he could apply successfully in his operations. It was believed that any farmer who would come to the school in an unprejudiced frame of mind could learn enough to pay him many times over for his actual expenses. It was also thought that if this school could be made a success it would show the farmers of the State that instruction of this kind could be successfully conducted, not only in the district schools, but introduced into the rural consolidated schools, as well as in many city and county high schools. It was believed thai it would lead the farmers to have greater confidence in agricultural education, and to realize that their hope of success in the future rested on a more accurate knowledge of the soil and the needs of the plant to be grown thereon; that in order to fight the Insects and fungous pests which attack their crops, they must have full knowledge of their origin and habits and characteristics that in order to conserve the fertility of the land and increase its productiveness, they must understand the composition of the soil, its relation to air and moisture, and the effect of the various soil ferments and bacteria which have been shown to be associated with the permanent maintenance of fertility and the production of" large and profitable crops. The instruction was therefore arranged to cover the various points mentioned, and included a series of lectures on the soil, fertilizers and fertilizing materials, farm machinery, seed selection, and diseases and insect pests attacking cotton. The students were provided with sets of notes on the

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various lectures presented. In all about fifty of these sheets were given out during the course of the school, thus constituting a book of information about cotton. Among the special features of Instruction given in this school were exercises on the combing of cotton intended to show the farmer the great difference in the length of the staple produced by individual plants and by the several varieties as well. The possibility of using a hand gin for obtaining selected strains of cotton was practically illustrated. Some time was also devoted to a study of varieties of cotton plant This work was made peculiarly valuable by placing the plants before the students. There were also lectures on cotton warehousing, which were greatly en joyed. The mixing of fertilizers, and the tremendous loss suffered by the cotton growers from insect pests and plant diseases were fully discussed, and the means of combatting these enemies of the cotton grower were fully explained. For the first time in this school, score cards for the cotton plant and for the grading of cotton were sue cessfully used. The Cotton School was thus made the medium for acquiring much exact information with reference to the Souths greatest industry.

One of the most important features of the school and one which was emphasized very strongly was the grading of cotton. In this work an attempt was made to familiarize the cotton grower with the different grades of cotton that he might know when placing his crop on the market what the market sought; what were the real characters by which the different grades are distinguished and the actual difference in money value between the same. With this knowledge before him, he would become a more intelligent grower of cotton for he would more nearly try to meet the market demands. He would also be in position to sell his cotton intelligently and receive the proper price for his labor. It was remarkable the success which attended this feature of the school and how quickly and thoroughly, comparatively speaking, farmers who had never given any thought or consideration to this most important subject grasped the truths and principles involved. It was a pleasure and a delight to see how appreciative they were of the value of this knowledge.

As to the character of students who attended the school, there is little but praise to be said. They came from every part of the State of Georgia, some of them traveling as many as two hundred miles. They represented more than fifty counties and varied in age from twenty to sixty years; a grave, intelligent body of students which any instructor might have been proud to address, and the writer has never yet seen a more enthusiastic or industrious company of men come together for any purpose. Though they received four hours of lecture work every morning, two hours of grading in the afternoon, and an hour and a half lecture at night, they were faithful and diligent to the last. There may be those who presume that these men simply came out of idle curiosity and that they carried away no fund of information with them. If such is their conclusion, they are badly mistaken, for these men were leaders in their communities and a clear-headed lot of individuals capable of discussing all the questions presented to them with a marked degree of intelligence. At the same time, while most of them had been cotton grow-

ers all their lives, they had not had an opportunity, on account of the matter not being presented to them in a clear and intelligent manner before, to grasp a hundred vital truths as they affect the cultivation of cotton in the most skillful and economical manner.

The second day after the school opened a number of students stated that they had been amply repaid for coming, and this spirit characterized the student body to the last. It is not often that 104 representative and intelligent student farmers have come together in a Southern College of Agriculture for the purpose of learning about the Souths great staple crop, and it is needless to say that the success of this movement has inspired those in charge of the work of the State College of Agriculture to continue it in the future. It has shown the Board of Trustees and the administrative officers that the farmers of the State are thirsting for knowledge. It has demonstrated that the farmer is appreciative of information thai will serve him. It has shown that he is not the unintelligent, narrow-minded individual he has so often been called, but that with capable leadership and avenues of information of a practical character opened up to him, he becomes an appreciative and aggressive student, anxious to master the details of his business and to utilize the latest and best knowledge available in his farm practice. That the students were appreciative of the work of the College is voiced in their own resolutions, one of which is here included, and which we trust sounds the slogan of a universally growing interest throughout the South in the needs and value of agricultural education.

"Resolved, That in view of the fact that the Agricultural College has no funds at its disposal at the present time, that it is not properly equipped with buildings, laboratories and the necessary facilities for instruction and research, that we request the Legislature of the State at its next session to make an appropriation of $50',000 a year for the maintenance of the College from any funds which may be available in the State treasury; that we ask for a special appropriation of $50,000 with which to complete and equip the Agricultural Hall now in process of erection, and for a special appropriation to pay off the indebtedness that the College incurred by reason of the failure of the last session of the Legislature to make an appropriation for its maintenance during the fiscal year 1907-'08. Inasmuch as the income of the State is approximately $5,000-000 a year, it is certainly not asking too much that one. hundredth part of this revenue be set aside for the maintenance of agricultural education, which is the backbone of this State."

Surely, it is time that a measure of the State's revenue were set aside for the dissemination of those agricultural truths through the medium of our schools and colleges which will place within the reach of all who till the soil that knowedge which is vital to their best success and for the continued prosperity of the Commonwealth in which they may happen to reside.

It is needless to say that those in charge of the work learned a very great deal about better methods of organizing and conducting it in 1909. At that time it is thought the new agricultural building now in process of erection will be ready for occupancy, and then sufficient room for

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[April,

housing the students and conducting the work along more comprehensive lines will be available. The difficulties of organizing this school will scarcely be recognized, and possibly not believed by those who have given no thought to the subject. It was found almost impossible to secure men who, though they had been growing and handling cotton all their lives, were capable of putting this knowledge in a pedagogic form. It was startling to find how little was really known after all, and how much remained for the investigator to work out for the salvation of the cotton planter. It was good to see how quickly the students realized the necessity of comprehensive investigations being undertaken at the earliest possible date in order that many of these problems might be adequately solved. It was also a revelation to see how quickly the value of agricultural education made its impress on the minds of those who sometime in the past have opposed it because not familiar with the benefits it should confer.

All in all, the Cotton School of 1908 must be accounted a success from every point of view. It has shown us the practicability of placing this information within the reach of farmers. It has taught the farmers themselves their need of help. It has indicated to the investigator many of the problems he must set resolutely to work to solve as quickly as possible. It has demonstrated to the teacher, investigator and student alike the vital relation of agricultural education to the permanent prosperity of the Commonwealth. It has shown that money expended for the right type of agricultural education is the best possible investment the State can make, and that it will return like bread cast upon the waters after many days, some yielding tenfold and some a hundredfold. The Cotton School has, served as an inspiring influence to those who came in contact with it, and it has shown that the future supremacy of the South in cotton production can be adequately and successfully maintained, but that in order to bring about this most desirable end, the State College of Agriculture must be liberally supported in order that it may conduct research work on a comprehensive scale and provide that efficient leadership without which our farmers cannot hope for permanent success.

ANDREW M. SOULE.

Ga. State College of Agriculture.

We regret to announce the death of Mr. George M Clark, President of the Cutaway Harrow Company, of Hig-ganum, Connecticut. Mr. Clark was often a contributor to our columns, giving valuable advice as to the growing of grass and alfalfa. He made some of the heaviest crops of these staples ever raised in this country and induced hundreds of farmers to go into this business by his forceful description of the methods which had enabled him to make these great crops. The harrows and other implements which he invented have revolutionized the methods of preparing land for seeding and they are used all over the country from the Atlantic to the Pacific.

their own field of work in life! There is the farmer who think that he would like to move to town and have a store. Then there is another who thinks that his ideal in life would be reached if he had a place on the railroad. So it goes through life, each one thinking that some othei place is better than the one that he is filling.

In such cases we forget that we are well acquainted with the ups and downs of our own work and we compare this full knowledge with the rosy side of the desired place in the world.

In farm life we meet many who are always having a tough time, everything is drudgery to them. The sunshine in the skies is not reflected in their faces for there are only clouds there.

Unfortunately, there is too much of this kind of per sonality on the farm. There are bright skies ahead everywhere if they are watohed for by the farmer. Let the farmer reach tne conclusion that he is an important factor in the world, and not excuse his presence by saying that he is "only a farmer." Confidence begets confidence, and the banker who deals with the farmer having confidence in himself will have a better opinion of farmers for the experience.

Agriculture is one of the oldest arts of the world, and in no field of knowledge is there a greater demand for brains and the well-trained hand than on the farm. But no class in the social world ever gives much consideration to the farmer, for the reason that their education is sadly one-sided in many ways. People of the cities are dependent on the farmer for all that goes to supply them in food, work, and other demands. Yet in the education of the children how much attention is given to consideration of the men who feed the world? There is a sad neglect in modern education in the lact of appreciation of the farm and farm life.

The organizations for the benefit of the farmer mean much for the future life on the farm. The farmer will meet his brother farmers and all will be benefitted by the contact.

The greater the confidence in the and, the greater will be the spirit of the nation. The more the children are taught gratitude to the hand that feeds them, the better citizens will they become.

The future welfare of the nation depends largely on the hand that holds the plow, and the more honor that is given to the man who tills the soil, the greater will become the spirit of our country.

Nottoway Co., Va. J. B. WEEMS.

MAKING THE MOST OF LIFE ON THE FARM.

Editor Southern Planter:

How many of those we have known are dissatisfied with

PUSHING THE CROP.

Editor Southern Planter:

Did you ever watch the fireman shovel coal in the furnace of an engine? The coal is placed in the smallest part of the engine, but it is hot there and the heat causes the f water to change into steam at high pressure and the engine pulls the great freight train. When the farmer ploughs the land and plants the crop he has done quite a little work even if it is only on an acre of land. It requires just the same work to plough the land and sow the seed for a poor crop as it does for a good one. If we should see ithe fireman of the locomotive placing a shovelful of

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

coal in the furnace now and then, with the fire barely burning and the train at a standstill, how we would laugh at him!

There would be the great engine, the track, the cars and the freight, but not enough coal in the furnace to make steam to move the train. This condition is too common in farming. There is the farm, the land ploughed, the seed sowed and everything ready for the crop, but the energy is lacking in the way of plant food.

The more that we can study what nitrogen, potash, and phosphoric acid means to the soil, the more will there be known regarding the capacity of the soil to produce the crops.

The application of suitable amounts of manure and of the best grade of fertilizer largely determines the value of the crop. It is the foundation of all the work that has been put on the crop. Every one wants to make the land produce its best, and to do this it should have the best that can be given it in the way of plant food and preparation of the soil.

When the land is starved, the cattle are starved as well as the crop and the farmer. It pays to give the land the chance to produce the best possible crop, and then good cattle and good crops will naturaly follow. Too often the excuse is made that manure and fertilizers cannot be used, as the farmer cannot make or afford to pay for them.

The poor man on the farm is the one who cannot afford to have the poor results and he is the one whu should have and must have the best of plant fooa for his soil if he does not desire to remain poor.

The keystone of success in producing good crops de pends on the food that is given to the soil to feed the plants. J. B. WEEMS.

Nottoway Co., Va.

which comes under the designation of agronomical work. We hope shortly to make the personal acquaintance of

PROFESSOR LYMAN CARRIER.

Born October 11, 1877, at Duffield, Michigan. Graduated from the high school at Potterville, Michigan, in 1897. Taught school winter of 1897-'98. Entered the Michigan Agricultural College in September, 1898, and graduated in June, 1902, from the four-year Agricultural Course.

Worked one year for the Michigan Experiment Station. Taught science and agriculture in the Elyria High School at Elyria, Ohio, year of 1903-'04, and in the Union Academy of New York, 1904-'0'5. Was appointed Scientific Assistant in Agronomy in the United States Department of Agriculture July 1, 1905. Resigned December 31, 1907 Author of Farmers' Bulletins Nos. 280 and 292.

Elected Professor of Agronomy at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, January 1, 1908.

We welcome the new Professor of Agronomy to our State Institution and trust that the State may soon realize the benefit of his presence on the staff. There is wide scope for agronomical work in the middle eastern and southern sections, where much of the present wasted condition of the land is due to neglect of the production of the grasses and legumes and the keeping of live stock and the raising and saving of crops to feed them, all of

Professor Carrier and to have the pleasure of presenting some of his work to our readers.—Ed.

FARMING IN THE OLD TIMES IN SOUTH CAROLINA.

Editor Southern Planter:

There is no doubt but that the average farmer of to-day is far better posted in the sciences and arts, which, taken together, make up what is known as agriculture, than were the farmers of fifty or seventy-five years ago. Yet the knowledge and performances of disciples of the soil who lived in the first half of the last century were equal in many respects to the accomplishments of modern and up-to-date agriculturists of this electric age. As the lesser half of a committee appointed by the Pendleton Farmers' Society of South Carolina for the purpose of bring together all available data relating to the history of this Society, Col. J. C. Stribling (the greater half) and I have unearthed records that read like a novel and records instructive as well as interesting.

At a meeting held in the Farmers' Hall at Pendleton, S. C, on the second Tuesday in October, 1843, Mr. Ruffin, of Virginia, was, by request, one of the principle speakers. At this meeting a public dinner was given by the Society and various toasts responded to by members and guests. The Hon. John C. Calhoun responded to: "Agriculture, the most important, but the most oppressed branch of industry." The Hon. T. G. Clemson, for whom Clem-son College is named, responded to: "In the absence of marl, permit me to propose to the citizens of Pendleton

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

a more familiar acquaintance with the effects of the application of lime to those soils which contain potash soda and magnesia." The toast of Captain John Maxwell was to: "The man who made twelve bushels of wheat per acre on poor mountain land and thirty gallons of corn stalk syrup to the acre."

Dr. O. R. Broyles' toast was to: "Dry land ditching and a judicious rotation of crops, the first and the most important by far in the practice of agriculture and yet they are almost entirely neglected in this district."

A toast by Mr. B. F. Sloan was: "The Agricultural Interests: The only great interest that has neither asked nor received the protection of the general government."

The average farmer of to-day would laugh at being told that syrup and sugar could be obtained from corn stalks, yet some day they may be important sources of both.

The dry land ditching referred to in the toast offered by Dr. Broyles has developed into the system of terraces now so generally practiced throughout the Piedmont cotton sections.

How things have changed since 1843, when agriculture was the one great interest receiving no protection from the general government.

On Friday, October 13, 1843, the Pendleton Farmers' Society awarded various premiums on crops and live stock. Mr. William Roland produced 105 bushels and 16% pounds of upland rice on an acre, the rice weighing 42 pounds to the bushel. Dr. O. R. Broyles grew 110 bushels of upland rice on an acre, the rice weighing 43% pounds to the bushel. Dr. Broyles' rice was grown near Eighteen Mile Creek on what is now known as the Pelzer Farm, a few miles out of Pendleton. In the upper Caro-linas and Georgia there are thousands of acres of creek bottoms as well suited to upland rice as those of Eighteen Mile Creek.

Premiums were also paid for various farm crops and animals, for silk thread and for silk half-hose, the silk grown and the articles made in the District.

Various instances and occurences of interest and value have been found in old manuscripts and newspapers, as well as in the records and minutes of the Society, which are to be incorporated in the forthcoming history. Many names prominent in the nation's history are found in the membership rolls of the Society. Many others are associated with Pendleton and the surrounding country, among them, Maverick, of Texas; Major Wheat, of Louisiana Tigers, and Mayor Wyck, of New York.

Clemson College, S. C.

C. L. NEWMAN.

COMMON SENSE AND GOOD HEALTH. Editor Southern Planter:

There is no place where sickness is more costly than on the farm. If the farmer is sick or unwell a few days only at the time when the crops must be sowed, it is not only the expense for the doctor's visit, but the loss of time cannot sometimes be recovered, and the farmer is behind hand for months. All know what a few days may cost in the busy season too well.

The body is a highly organized machine, and it pays to

keep it in good condition. Do not let Providence run the machine for you. Providence helps us in many, many cases, but at the same time let us see that we do our share towards keeping the body in the best of condition and it will be found that good health and happiness are two of the greatest blessings that we can possess.

One of the most frequent causes of sickness is that which results from exposure. It is too often a temptation to the farmer to take the risk of catching cold by not providing himself with rubber boots and oiled suits. An outfit of this nature costs less than Ave dollars, and will save the cost over and over every year.

In the family there is much to be learned as to the question of proper footwear. Light shoes and thin soles are-too common.

It is a difficult matter to purchase at the ordinary store shoes that really protect the feet in a sensible manner. Most of the shoes are evidently intended for the drawing! room or the parlor. When it is realized that one cannot take cold more readily than by wet or cold feet, the-demand will be made and insisted upon that proper footwear be sold by the ordinary store.

Did you ever discover that the merchant leaves the selection of his stock of shoes to the dealer. This is often the case and the customer buys footwear not intended for the country. The farmer has the right to consideration in such matters and he will get it when he makes the demand for it, but not before.

Protect yourself and family against wet clothing and wet and cold feet and you will discover that the invest-ment in suitable material of this nature will return to you many times the cost. J . B. WBEMS.

Nottoway Co., Va.

PROFIT IN BREEDING DRAFT HORSES.

Editor Southern Planter:

It is seldom that you meet any one, not even a horseman, who can tell you, even approximately, the possibilities of a mare bred at two years, and which drops filly foals for efght years, and they, breeders, like their dam, In ten years the total would be thirty-one head, and, counting half of them "horse" colts, you would have fifteen head in the herd, quite a source of revenue from one animal, especially if she is a regular worker on the farm, thereby paying her board, if no more.

I once owned a mare that had seven colts to seven leaps, and I know a gentleman in the adjoining county of Augusta that is so far ahead of me on two mares that I will not mention his case, but let him tell it himself.

I bought a pure-bred Percheron six year old filly when horses were "selling for a song," and the spring she was twelve years old I sold her, and she was then with foal. She and her colts fetched me a profit of $3,350. As she was a regular worker on the farm, she never had two colts in successive seasons, and I never kept one of her colts till it arrived at the age of thee years.

Rockingham Co., Ya.

JOHN F. LEWIS.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

847

THE

Southern Planter

PUBLISHED BT

TIE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING CO.,

RICHMOND, VA.

ISSUED ON 1ST OF EACH MONTH.

J. F. JACKSON, Editor.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD, Business Manager.

B. W. RHOADS,

Vfestern Representative, 844 Tribune

Building, Chicago, 111.

MANCHESTER OFFICE: W. J. Carter, 1102 Hull Street.

ADVERTISING RATES Will be furnished on application.

The SOUTHERN PLANTER is mailed to subscribers in the United States, Mexico and island possessions at 50 cents per annum; all foreign countries, fl; the city of Richmond and Canada, 75 cents.

REMITTANCES should be made direct to this office, either by Registered Letter or Money Order, which will be at our risk. "When made otherwise we cannot be responsible.

SUBSCRIBERS failing to receive their paper promptly and regularly will confer a favor by reporting the fact at once.

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us on any agricultural topic. We are always pleased to receive practical articles. Rejected matter will be returned on receipt of postage.

No anonymous commmunications or enquiries will receive attention. . Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, RICHMOND, VA.

ENTERED AT THE POST-OFFICE AT RICHMOND, VA., AS SECOND-CLASS MAIL MATTER.

THE MEN WO KNOW

THE SUPERIOR QUALITIES OF \

SLICKERS, SUITS AND HATS fcf)

are the men who have put them to the hardest tests in the roughest weather.

Get the original Towers Fish "Brand made since 1836

CATALOG r/t£E FOR TH£ ASKMG

PUBLISHERS' NOTES. WITH THE ADVERTISERS.

Attention is invited to the advertisement of the Merchants National Bank. The savings department, in charge of Mr. Jeter Jones, is splendidly equipped to handle mail order banking.

The Richmond Abattoir has a couple of advertisements in this issue which you are invited to look up.

Mr. Murray Boocock is making a special offer of Hereford cattle this month.

Look up the advertisement of Mr. R. R. Smith. His offerings of Shorthorns are superb.

Benjamin Hammond is advertising his famous "Slug Shot" again this season.

The Red Jacket Pump Company has an advertisement of its well-known pumps in another column, to which attention is invited.

The Raney Canner Company has an announcement in this issue which is sure to interest those who contemplate doing any canning this season.

The Dowden Manufacturing Company is advertising its potato digger. The John Deere Plow Company, Baltimore, is Eastern headquarters.

The State Test Farm, through Dr. E. W. Magruder, is advertising some nice stock this month.

Attention is invited to the offerings of the Glenara Stock Farm, in which are included some dual purpose Shorthorns.

The Abrams Paint Company is a new advertiser. Look up its announcement.

T. C. Andrews & Co. are using liberal space this month in offering agricultural lime and insecticides. Farmers are particularly requested to place their orders early for the latter.

The Huber Manufacturing Company is advertising its well-known traction engines this month.

Dr. W. L. Nolen is advertising Berkshires and several varieties of poultry this month.

O. H. Robertson is advertising his Chain-Hanging Stanchion in another column.

Some finely bred Jerseys are offered by Major A. R. Venable, Jr., at very low prices. His poultry yards are offering eggs from prize winning Rhode Island Reds.

Leibermuth Brothers are advertising their well-known brand of "Lebros" Paints this month.

The Philadelphia Silo U advertised,

Wood's Grass

«■» Clover Seeds

Best Qualities Obtainable and of Tested Germination.

We carry one of the largest and best stocks in this country. Specialties that we offer to advantage, are

Alfalfa, Japan Clover, Tall Meadow Oat Grass, Paspalum Dilatatum, Johnson Grass, Bermuda Grass, etc.

Our Catalogue gives fuller descriptions and information about Grasses. Clovers and Farm Seeds than any / other seed catalogue published. /, Mailed free on request. Write for it, and prices of any seeds required.

T.W. Wood & Sons,

SEEDSMEN, - Richmond, Va.

Bell Hay Curing Rack

o

S

w o

*! O

9

on ►3

o

a

©

(Patented October 15, 1906.) Solves the problem of curing? pea vines, alfalfa or other hay almost regardless of weather conditions, as the racks give interior ventilation and keep hay from touching ground, thereby causing it to cure out nicely when other methods fail. One handling completes the work and the hay Is safe. For prices and circular giving full particulars, address

H. E. BELL,, BurKeville, Va. Agent* Wanted In Every County.

Dr. G. C. BOWIE

Physician, Surgeon and Office

Consultant.

No. 401 East Franklin Street, Richmond, Va.

Hours: 9-12 A. M., 1-4 P. M. Evenings and Sundays by appointment.

BANK OF RICHMOND,

Main and Ninth Street*.

CAPITAL AND PROFITS EARNED, 81,200,1

Special attention paid to out-of-tewn accounts. Correspondence lnYited. Three per cent. Interest allowed In Savings Department. Compounded Beml-Annually.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

ONE

W0RH ©F TWO

With Iron Age Riding Cultivators. Yon can doit easier and < better, because they are bailt on lines that make this possible. Hoes are under perfect control. Can regulate depth and keep noes desired distance from growing plants. More advantag es in our

No. 82 PItoI

Wheel. A new

Model

r^n Age"

Rider.

BATEHIAH MFC CO.,Box t67C,urenloch,N.J.

HERCULES

Stump Pulle

Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day. Clears all stumps in a elrcle of 150 feet without moving, or changing machine. Strongest, most rapid working and best made. HERCULES MFG. CO., 413 17th St., Centreville, Iowa.

THE IMPROVER

v-nrlto i«f Ptiet,

Chamberlin MTg Co., Olean, N. Y.

STUMP PULLER.

■Warranted the most practical machine made. One man can lift 20 tons. Made in 3 styles, 10 sizes. Screw, Cable and Hand Power. We manufacture a Tile Ditcher and best CORN HARVESTER •erer made. Cuts two rows with one horse. Agents wanted. Write for catalogue.

H. L. Bennett A Co., Box 14, Wetter-vllle, Ohio.

Monarch

Hydraulic

Great strength and cs.

pacity; all sizes; als& gasoline, eiitriue* steam ensrineis saw nulls, tnresfc ers. Catalog fret 3*airch Machinery Co., Room 170 39 Cortlandt St..H«aTtH^

as usual, this season by E. F. Schlich-ter.

Our farmers should be interested in the advertisement of the Virginia State Fair, Richmond, to be found on another page.

The advertising of Rife's Hydraulic Ram is resumed with this issue.

The Kansas City Hay Press Company starts the season's advertising this month.

TO ADVERTISERS. Please bear in mind that we must have all copy or instructions for advertisements by the 25th of each month without fail. Every month we are compelled to omit advertising in large volumes for the simple reason that copy does not reach us in time.

A NEAT BINDER.

If you will send 30 cents to our business office, we will send you a neat binder made of substantial Bristol Board, in which you can preserve an entire volume of the Southern Planter. Many of our readers And these a useful device, as they always save their copies for reference.

ADVERTISERS' ANNOUNCEMENTS.

What Those Seeking Your Business

Have to Say in Condensed Form.

Fern Hill Poultry Farm, J. Wallace Snelling, proprietor, Manchester, Va. Interesting circular describing his aristocrats in Barred Rocks, Minorcas and Leghorns, Brown and White. His regular advertisement will be found in this issue.

Evergreen Farms, W. B. Gates, proprietor, Rice Depot, Va. Descriptive folder of Jerseys, Berkshires, Leghorns, the farms' specialties. Several advertisements in this and all issues.

Modern Hog Raising, an exceedingly interesting booklet, published by the American Steel and Wire Company, Chicago, in the interest of its celebrated hog fence. Drop a postal for it.

Cattle Stanchions. A well gotten up brochure, setting forth the merits of Robertson's Chain-Hanging Stanchion made by O. H. Robertson, Forestville, Conn. It is prominently advertised in this issue.

Learn to Say Gilbert's! This is the title of a neat booklet issued by Gilbert Brothers & Co., Baltimore, Md., setting forth the merits of their various extracts and preparations and giving splendid reasons why you should say "Gilbert's" when your merchant asks you what kind.

Self-Opening Gate. The Manlove Gate Company, Chicago, encloses a neat folder in its correspondence giving particulars and prices of its self-opening gate, which is advertised regularly in these columns.

The Separator News. Dairymen

DISC HARROWS AND DISC PLOWS. Clark's Double-Action Cutaway Harrow—the greatest labor saver. IB-comparable work.

Does in one trip what ordinary disc harrows cannot do in three and four trips.

Combination Disc and Mold-Board Plow. Turns the s«d all the way over and buries the weeds, etc.

Leaves the land easy to harrow and level; not set on edge and in bumps like other disc plows.

These are the tools of to-day. CUTAWAY HARROW CO., 45 Mala

St., Hlggannm, Conn.

ASHTON STARKE, Southern Sale*

Agent, Richmond, Va.

Coupling Pivot kxk

CisHfaator^cor 1 ;.

Plan'er and Fertilizer Attachment completes in Cne Machine. Awarded COLO MEDAL

at World's Fair, St. Louis. A "wonderful improvement in cnlti-.vators.combining every possible movement of gangs and wheels required. Easily changed to different styles. Thousands in use. JPfr'sof all kindof Ag : r 11m-plements. Agents wanted; write for circular. » The Hench & Dromgold Co., Mfrs. York, Pa.

THE CAMBRIDGE.

CORRUGATED LAND Roller and Pulveriser.

Gffir

H»J 4 :.'.■./»/ / '■■// / .AW!

THE BEST IN THE WORLD.

Used by the State Test Farm, Virginia Agricultural College, Sweet Briar Institute, Miller M. L. School and some of the best farmers in the State. Address

R. F. HARRIS & CO, Charlottesville, Virginia.

CSTIMf* IE* STRONGEST

r BLaw&raL made, buh-

• ^ mm m ^~ *™ strong chicken-tight Sold to the user at Wholesale PricpB. We PaT Frelirht. Catalogue free.

COILED SPRING FENCE CO., Box 63 Winchester, Indiana.

•■r*

1908.j

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

349

LONG SERVICE

WAGONS

'"THE wagon that breaks down -*- and has to go to the repair shop every once in a while is not a good wagon to buy.

Such a wagon is a poor one because it is poorly constructed,and because it is made from poor and improperly seasoned material. It is dear at any price.

In the building of Weber and Columbus wagons there is always a rigid observance of these four indispensable requisites:

1. Proper wood materials,

2. Thorough seasoning,

3. Superior ironing,

4. The best of skilled workmanship. These are the things which have built up the excellent reputation everywhere enjoyed by

Weber and Columbus Wagons.

The New Bettendorf Wagon

has steel gears which make it a wagon for any climate, and practically unbreakable.

Strength and durability should be first considerations when you buy a wagon. The Weber, Columbus and New Bettendorf wagons can be relied upon for long, satisfactory service. They are built to haul heavy loads and to stand the rough usage to which farm wagons are always subjected.

These wagons are in the front rank of high-grade wagons.

With all the strength and durability of these wagons, they are not made excessively heavy. They are noted for their light running qualities.

International local agents will be glad to show you these superior wagons and furnish catalogs with all desired information. Call and take the matter up with them or write direct to the home office.

International Harvester Company of

America, Chicago, U. S. A.

(Incorporated)

will be interested in this publication, which emanates from the advertising office of the Sharpless Separator Company, West Chester, Pa. A postal will bring you a copy, which will be found interesting, as will the regular catalogue, No. 290, offered on another page.

The Virginian. This is No. 1 of Vo. 1, of a neatly printed bulletin issued by DeL. S. Crittenden, real estate broker, Ashburn, Va. Parties interested in Northern Virginia property will do well to send for this paper.

Wheels. Freight Paid $8 75

for 4 Kuggy Whrels Slwel Tilfw on. u "'' Kul.l,, r Tir«s $15.20. I lulu, wlmela % 10 4 in. trt-ad. Rubber TlrnTnu IIcl-u-i.-. $41; Hiihi™.. $5. Write for cuilut. Learn ht»w to buv dl*-oot. it<>pnlrVVheel*. $5.60. Wagon Uuibiv.iaKKfcK. W.V Boob, 1 ""'™"''.".

Always mention The Southern Planter when writing advertisers.

Abbeville, S. C. Burke's Garden Cattle Company:

Dear Sirs,—The pair Mammoth Bronze Turkeys was received in good shape promptly and found entirely satisfactory.

You may send me a sitting of your eggs at your convenience.

Yours truly, W. P. WHANN.

CAN RELY ON CAUSTIC BALSAM EVERY TIME.

Please give me advertising matter for Gombault's Caustic Balsam. I have used it and find it a good liniment. I can rely upon it every time.—. L. Thompson, Pearisburg, Va.

THE VIRGINIA POULTRY ASSOCIATION. Richmond, Va., March 3, 1908.

The Southern Planter, Richmond, Va.:

Dear Sirs,—Thinking that it will be to our mutual interest and benefit, we below give you the outcome of the regular meeting of this Association last night, in the election of officers for the ensuing year:

President, J. W. Quarles, Ellersons, Va.

First Vice-President, C. E. Harwood, Richmond, Va.

Second Vice-President, R. R. Taylor, Beaver Dam, Va.

Third Vice-President, Charlie Brown, Cartersville, Va.

Secretary, W. R. Todd, Richmond, Va.

Treasurer, A. J. Warren, Richmond, Va.

We had- a full and interesting meeting and the spirit of harmony prevailed to the extent that each and every successful candidate for office received the full, unanimous vote.

The assurances of co-operation expressed, and the harmony exhibited, insures for the Association a continuance of its steady and healthy growth.

Thanking you for your numerous courtesies we are,

Very truly, W. R. TODD,

Secretary Virginia Poultry Association.

Can Save a Lot of Work.' Can Save a Lot of Mone vi

Can Increase Your ComforU' Cin Increase Your Profits -'

If you are interested in those things _ I A we'd like to send you ournew book about j

1 ELECTRIC STS W„ee,s

jW ELECTING

^k More than a million and a que

Handy Wagon

More than a million and a quarter of them are In use and several hundred thousand farmers Bay that they are the best investment they ever made. They'll save you more money, more work, give better service and greater satisfaction than any other metal wheel made--beeause They're Made Belter. By every test they are the best. Spokea united to the hub. If they work loose, your money back. Don't buy wheels nor wagon until you read our book. It may save you many dollars and it's free.

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO.,

Box 14G Quirscy, tils.

CARRIAGES. SURRIES.

BUGGIES, CARTS,

HARNESS, WAGONS,s

We are headquarters for high grade goods only. Oar spring stock la low ready for inspection.

Write us your wants.

RICHMOND BTJGGY AND WAGON

COMPANY,

1433 Main Street, Richmond, Va.

Reduce Your Guano Bill.

Use a Lindsey Compost Drill and gefc the greatest returns from your stable ind lot manure, etc. Fully guaranteed. A. postal will get our catalogue. LINDSEY & SONS, Box 28, Crystal Springs, Ga.

BOSTROM'S IMPROVED FARM LEVEL.

WITH TELISOOPE

Is no MAKESHIFT.butthe best one made for Terracing, Irrigation and Drain-> age. Price §12.50, including Tripod and Rod, delivered to yoa. Write for descriptive circulars. Treatise on Terracing, etc., Free. Bostrom, Brady Mfg Co» 8 Madison Ave.. Atlanta, Qsk.

P»t'd 1903.

THE SOUTHE RN PLANTER.

[April.

New Deere Gang

On cold mornings you may want to walk while plowing. Maybe your boy is so small he can hardly raise a gang plow with the foot-lift when the horses are stopped. In either case the trouble is overcome by using

Auxiliary

The New Deere is the only gang so made that you can raise the plows with a foot-lift or with a hand lever—or with both. The auxiliary hand lever folds out of the way when net in use.

The Booklet Beautiful

shows plows ancient and modern. Illustrated by photos of actual plowing scenes from all over the world.

Ask for booklet No. 30 Mention this paper. ,

ROYAL 2-HORSE DISC PLOWS

Were new and different, but they made good. All seeing- them want them. Write for free booklet, " Dise Plows and Royal

Disc Plows." Tells about Disc Plows of

all kinds and descriptions.

^Chattanooga implement & Manf'g Co.,

lUCP*. V ' CHATTANOOGA. TENN.

lake Your Own Fertilizer

at Small Cost with WILSON'S PHOSPHATE MILLS

From 1 to 40 H. P. Also Bone Cutters, hand and power for the poultrymen; crrit and shell mills, farm feed mills, family prist mills, scrap cake mills. Send for our catalog.

Wilson Bros., Sole Mfrs., Easton, Pa.

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement.

EASY WAY TO GET A BOOK THAT MAKES YOU YOUR OWN HORSE

DOCTOR. In nine cases out of ten the man who is well posted on veterinary matters can successfully treat an ailing horse, cow or other animal. In many instances veterinary doctors are not at hand, anyhow, so it is necessary for the stock owner to rely entirely upon his own good judgment and knowledge. • Every reader of this paper should know as much as possible about the common diseases of animals and the simple methods of treatment. A very handy practical little reference book on this subject can now be had by writing to the Tuttle Elixir Company. This book, which is the product of an eminent authority on veterinary surgery, contains in a nut shell the description and symptoms of many animal diseases and tells how, by the aid of simple remedies, any man can treat sick animals, without going to the expense of hiring a medical expert. Since the book is sent free, all postage paid, it would be well for every reader of this publication to get a copy of it at once. Then when some unexpected ailment seizes a horse or steer or other unfortunate animal, the information for reliable treatment will be right at hand. If you want the valuable little book, send your name and address to the Tuttle's Elixir Company, 147 Beverly Street, Boston, Mass., mentioning this paper in your letter.

OVERTON HALL FARM SALE.

The public sale of Berkshires of Mr. J. M. Overton, of Nashville, Tenn., on Monday, February 24, 1908, was largely attended by representative breeders from all sections of the United States.

There were no sensational sales made and all who made purchases went home congratulating themselves on the bargains secured.

A new public sale record for a Berkshire sow was made when Mr. W. V. Zimmer, of Atlanta, Ga., paid $1,625 for Sensation's Majesty 98292, a daughter of Sensation 90909, the grand champion boar of 1906, whose remarkable show record has widely advertised the Overton Hall Farm herd.

The last two sales of Mr. Overton have placed Tennessee on the front line with States making the best public sale records, and show up as follows: Year. No. Total. Average.

1907 50 $12,650.00 $243.30

1908 42 8,070.00 , 192.14

92 $20,720.00 $225.20 The animals sold, the prices paid

and the purchasers are as follows: M. W. Blair, Guthrie, Ky., sow,

Loyal Cindrella 2nd, 108779, $45. W. W. Braden, Lnville, Tenn, sow,

Lord Premier's Bessie 108059, $55.

YOURBfi^f KAND0ASMUCHI "WORKASAMAN

pKRAUS PIVOTAXK ^SULKY CULTIVATOR

He simply steers it—the machine does all the

work. A slight pressure of the foot moves the

whee's and shovels simultaneously to the right or

left at the will of the driver/while the widthbetween

gangs and depth of shovels are instantly and easily

adjusted while machine is in motion.

Hillsides, Uneven Land and Crooked Rows as Easily Cultivated as Level Ground.

Simple id construction-nothing to pet out of order. Made entirely of steel and malleable iron—every part interchangeable. Built for wear and work. Lizht draft high wheels and perfect balance.

There is just one Kraus— if your dealer does not have it accept no other—but write us. Send today for free catalog.

AKRON CULTIVATOR CO.,

__DEPT.^7 AKRON, OHIO

r "AO£ MP.P*"

TO GROW A GOOD GARDEN

pood cultivation is absolutely necessary, but it can't be done with poor tools. Here's an Iron Age Tool especially made for garden work. It not only does good work, but it is easy to operate. The boys and girls can do the gardening and produce big crops, if you'll equipthem with Iron Age Tools. Send for our 1908 catalog.

Bateman Mfg. Co., Box167G, Crenloch, H.J.

SUPERIOR

) TW RAM raiS A TRW STOUT >

GRAIN DRILLS

Insiston seeing the superior before you buy. We make Grain Drills of every

style and size. Also Potato Planters, Corn

Planters, Corn Drills and Disc Harrows.

Catalogue and our 1908 Almanac FREE

on request.

SUPERIOR DRILL C0.,Dep!.14,SprinsrfieId,0.

Division The American Seeding-Machine Co., Incorporated.

FIX YOUR ROOF

Ri» Dar Cnnara —We will guarantee to put Ul> rtl CqualC, any 0 id i ea ky, worn-out,

rusty, tin, iron, steel, paper, felt or shingle roof in

perfect condition, and keep it in perfect condition

for 6c per square per year.

The Perfect Roof Preserver, makes old, worn-oat roofs new. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. Our free roofing book tells all about it. Write for it today.

Hie Anderson Manufacturing Co., Dept. 61 . Elyria, Quel.

iur uu pel tqu.i

Roof-Fix i

VETERINARY COURSE AT HOME.

^.1 9(1 fl y ear aut * upwards ran oe made taking our Yeter-v leiUU inary Course at home during spare time, taught lu simplest English; Diploma granted positions obtained (or eur<essfui students ; ,nst witbm reat h of all. satisfaction guaranteed , partuulars free. Ontar O Veterl n-

ary Correspondence Scnocd London, Can*

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

351

COLUMBUS

Columbus Siyio.

J502S

BUGGY

Columbus SfySo Buggy Book FREE ]

We manufacture Bup-ffies, Runabouts, Driving Wapons, Surreys, Carriages, Phaetons, Stanhopes, and a large variety of light Pleasure Vehicles, and sell them

DIRECT TO THE CONSUMER

It costs no more to get the latest style and "Columbus" has always led i u style. We will furnish you your vehicle, paiuted and trimmed just the

way you want it; properly *i wwfl 9 Columbus

proportioned and mechanic- \* "iX /|^|MJ| Quality ally coirect. Write for our \ XfW pb ' ce FREE CATALOGUE m ^^Jlt #5252 atonoe. Ourlowprices for Cohimbus Quality, Style and Work* manshipvrill surprise you and will save you 40 to 60%. The Catalog will cost you nothing. Look our styles over and compare our prices before you purchase. Write today for the FREE CATALOGUE.

THE COLUMBUS CARRIAGE & HARNESS CO. 20 8 So. High Street, - Columbus. Ohio

The Philadelphia, the Best on Earth

Has the longest test and most in use. Continuous opening from top to bottom.

THE ONLY OPENING ROOF MADE. TANKS AND TOWERS.

Ask for price and catalogue. E. F. SCHLICHTER CO., 10 South

Eighteenth St., Philadelphia, Pa.

CCONOMYSILO

Medal and highest award at the Jamestown Exposition

Economy SHos are constructed on mechanical 'and scientific principles. The best material is used in their construction throughout. Our patent continuous doorway is a Marvel of Simplicity and Perfection. Doors only eight inches high. Any boy can handle them. Permanent ladder and hoop supports. "Write for free illustrated catalogue acd experience of users.

Economy Silo & Tank Co. Box 38G Frederick, Md.

MONEY saved

IS MONEY EARNED

Order direct. We make Engines from 2 ,to 15 H. P. Station* ry and Portable Send for Catalog. BAUROTH BROS., •1 Fisher St., Springfield, Ohio.

FOR SALE

A complete canning plant in good ■bape, including cranes, valves, steam and water pipes, kettles, steam vats, trays, tables, Are pots, gasoline tank and pump, good stock of cans, cases and solder. Can be removed with ■mall cost.

ALFRED L. BUTLER.

DREWRY'S BliUFP, VA.

Always mention The Southern Planter when writing advertisers.

Brumbach Brothers, Thompson Station, Tenn., Model's Beauty 6th, 93817, $115; Columbus Queen 92310, $115; Loyal Cindrella 108062, $100; Rival's Empress 1st, 102529, $155; Rival's Empress 2d, 102530, $155; Rival's Empress 3d, 102531, $155; Premier Chief's Model, $115; Premier's Alexis Belle 108230, $125; Premier's Alexis Belle 2d, 108241, $100; Royal Cindrella of O. H. F., 91221, $85; Art-ful's Violet, 102630, $200; Oaklawn Huntress of O. H. F. 2d, 108227, $65; Daisy Duke. 101659, $165; Sensation's Columbus, 109202, $105.

Clarion Farms, Norwich, Conn., Sensation's Columbus 2d, 109203, $30. W. J. Cocke, Asheville, N. C, Premier's Premieress, 108235, $185; Master Tips, $350.

W. S. Corsa, White Hall, 111., Duke's Eunice, 103610, $110.

J. D. B. DeBow, Nashville, Tenn., Lee's May Belle 4th, $220.

W. J. Fitts, Gallatin, Tenn., Premier's Lady Isabella, 108236, $130.

C. M. Haynes, Olive Branch, Miss., Director General, $40.

J. D. Kirk, Roanoke, Va., Model's Beauty of Belle Meade, 108237, $110.

A. M. Lothrop, Washington, D. C, Lord Premier's Bessie of O. H. F., 108058, $115.

William Osburn, Morris, 111., Kentucky Beauty, $55.

W. K. Pickens, Livingston, Ala., Charmer's Violet 2d, 92346, $390.

J. W. Russwurm, Nashville, Tenn., Oxford Belle of O. H. F, 97211, $150; Silver Duchess, 100049, $155.

J. F. Tucker, Smyrna, Tenn., Premier Chief's Rachel, 104969, $150.

J. C. White, Knoxville, Tenn., Premier's Leda of O. H. F., $95.

Whittaker & Son, Columbia, S. C, Lee's May Belle, 3d, $205.

W. V. Zimmer, Atlanta, Ga., Sensation's Majesty of O. H. F. 2d, 98292, $1,626; Fanny Kingsclere 3d 103547, $95; Durham's Lady Premier 98308, $70; Durham's Short Face, 98309, $70; Premier's Lady Isabelle, 108236, $130; Oaklawn Francis 2d, 91775, $1,000; Sensational Annie of O. H. F 2d, 97220, $450; Oaklawn Huntress of O. H. F, 10S226. $80; Armlet's Duchess, 94442, $100.

A CORN GROWING CONTEST.

Somebody is going to get $5 or $10 by participating in a corn growing contest which is being fathered by the Binghamton Seed Company, Bing-hainton, N. Y. A description of this contest, with others, which amount, in all, to $50 in prizes, is explained in the new catalogue just published by this firm.

Readers of our advertising columns are familiar at this time with the announcements of the W. H. Taft Strawberry. This is only one of this firm's specialties. Besides this, they are pushing hard on their "Fire Dried

Brass-Lined, Double Acting. For any kind or depth well.

When asking for prices, state depth and kind of well you have.

RED JACKET PUMP CO., Alt. Vernon, Ind.

Fuller Brothers

DANVILLE, VA,

Are sole agents for the

Imperial Chilled Plows.

Made by Bucher & Gibbs Plow Co.,

Canton, Ohio. No BETTER Plow Is made or sold.

THE CLIPPER.

will cut tall grass, short grass and weeds, and do all the trimming

along the fence, walks and drives. If your dealers do not keep them, let us know, and we will send circulars and prices.

Clipper lawn Mower Co., Dixon, 111.

Well Drills

For Horse, Steam or Gasoline Power

Weil Augers

For Horse Power

Address

tOOIKIS MACHINE Ct>

TIFFIN. 0HI9

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

[April,

— Ms You Plant With a Two-Row Drill

CORN

PLANTER

Edge' Orop

I

Corn Raisers everywhere have had greatest yucceys on ''worn out" land—or where soil productiveness has been decreased by continued cropping—by using our Fertilizer Attachments on a Two-Row Drill No. 9 Deere Corn Planter. See bv -^''lau^^u. how tbe fertilizer contair'—s are placed ba-. 1 ! 01 tue ?eefl contain^-s. You get all standard features . p ~:: xamous No. 9 hut when wanted as a two-row drill no check wire Is furnished. For tull particulars

Write a Postal to Deere and Get Your Name On Our

From the day we get your name and address on a postal we keep you Informed of

all latest improvements in farm implements—and you become the best judge of farm machinery real values.

Our famous No. 9 Corn Planter Is only one of many of our Implements you ought to know all about.

There are practical reasons for every Improvement on Deere Durability machines, made famous by half a century of success.

To learn how accurate the edge-drop is in drilling corn with this machine and all its valuable exclusive features ask for "More Corn" Book—No. 91—Free.

Deere & Mansui* Gom

Mollne, III.

ENGINES FOR SALE.

Ten horse traction, $250; 10 horse portable, $150; 12 horse portable, $200; 6 horse boiler and engine, $90; 1 horse gasoline engine, $40; 3 horse, $60; 6 horae, $125; 10 horse, $175. Boilers and Engines from 1 to 100 horse carried In stock for Immediate shipment. Coney Boiler Works, Springfield, Ohio-

SAVE MONEY

on Berpy Boxes and Baskets

Fruit and Vegetable Packages and Growers* Supplies of all .kinds. Write for free imniev -eav I ngen t-t aloKiudpricelletl*. fiew Albany Box ^4 Basket Co., Rev Albany, Ind . -Largest Factory of Its Kind in the Country.

Df A NIPT ID Implement* save rLiAimi «J IV e you money.

S. L. Allen & Co., Box 1107 X , Philadelphia.

Tell the advertiser where 70a i*w kit advertisement

Seed Corn." Of this they have a limited quantity.

Every planter of corn is interested in getting the kind that will develop the largest profit. The new Queen Corn specialized by this company produced last year in New York State 200 bushels of matured ears per acre.

The new.1908 catalogue referred to above, gives a description of this corn and all of their other specialties in flower seeds, garden seeds, etc., etc.

GOOD HOUSEKEEPING.

BRUNSWICK STEW.

Put into a stew pan two cans of tomatoes with such scraps of meat and bones as you have left from the day before. I sometimes use cold beefsteak or the carcass of a cold roasted fowl. Chop a small onion and put it in with a handful of dried butterbeans. Cover and let boil for an hour and a half; then add two cans of corn and three Irish potatoes cut up. Let it boil an hour longer; season with salt and plenty of pepper. Toast a number of slices of bread, arrange them on a platter. Pour the hot stew over them and serve at once.

IRISH POTATOES AND MEAT CAKES.

Use cold creamed potatoes; add to them an equal quantity of ground ham; to each pint add two well-beaten eggs and a tablespoon of butter; season with salt and pepper and form into round cakes and fry with hot drippings. Serve very hot.

BREAKFAST LOAF.

Take any remnants of meat you have on hand and chop as for salad; mix with creamed potatoes and season highly with pepper, salt, celery seed and catsup. Add well-beaten eggs and form into a loaf; sprinkle fine crumbs all over it and a tablespoon of melted butter. Set it into the stove and let it brown quickly—■ about twenty minutes will be long dripping. Serve very hot.

SCALLOPED EGGS.

Boil one dozen eggs hard and chop them, not very fine; butter your pudding dish and put in alternate layers of bread crumbs and the chopped eggs; season with salt and pepper. When the dish is full have the crumbs on top. Pour over it three cups of boiling milk seasoned with salt and pepper and three tablespoons of butter. Bake a nice brown and serve hot.

STUFFED EGGS.

Boil a dozen eggs very hard and when they have been peeled cut a slice from each end to make them stand well, cut in half and take out the yelks; rub these up with a tablespoon of butter, pepper, salt, celery seed, fine cracker crumbs, about two tablespoons, a tablespoon of vinegar; two tablespoons of home-made catj-sup and one tablespoon of Worcester

Buy in New York

The Way "Our Folks" Buy F Over 75,000 Reliable Articles !

Shown In This

700-Pago

WHm.VANGLAHN

YORK

&C0.1

Illustrated

PHggs

On Small or

Large

Quantities

\ Just write a postal j tous—theOldestMail-1 Order House in Amer-j ica—so ve can send ■ you Free this Catalog No. 94 , tliat costs us $1 to print—showing practically every reliable article you need for home or shop, i ncluding Hatcnes, Jewelry, Tools, Hardware, Implements, Guns, j Traps, Fishing Tackle, Cutlery, Vehicles, Pumps, Boots, Shoes, Builders' Hardware, Wire Fencing, Blacksmithing Tools and materials. Metal and other Kooflns?, Hose, Pipe & Fittings, Painie, Varnishes, Hope, Bells, Stoves, Ranges, Washing machines & Thousand* of other Reliable Articles. You'll also set our Premium List cf over 100 valuable and useful articles given Free to our customers. Also our grocery list of guaranteed Food Products saves you one-third. One letter or postal brings all this money-saving information. Write us today. "We guarantee satisfaction or money refunded. We guarantee safe delivery of all goods ordered. We refer by permission to publishers of this paper as to our absolute responsibility. White, Van Glahn&Co., 15 Barclay St., New York City Oldest Mail-Order Rouse in America, Estab. 2816

Dig Your Potatics With a

DOWDEN

The greatest labor saving machine on the market. Gets all the potatoes in any soil—deep or shallow, hilly or level, light or heavy vines. Potatoes come clean and sound. The machine that works right, lasts and needs no repairs.

Write for catalogue for detailed information.

JOHN DEERE PLOW CO., General Agents for Maryland, East and West Virginia, North and South Carolina. Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania.

Dowden Mfg. Co., Box 870, Prairie City, Iowa, V. S. A.

THE HOOVER POTATO

Th e most successful dig ger made. Saves time, labor and potatoes. Satf isfaction guar anteed.

DIGGER

Send for

1 Catulogue>

. ofDleesrs.

*>• Pickery

and Sorters.

HOOTER MFG. CO., Box 89, Aver;, Ohio.

GINSENG S^X^StS

and 1MT. Popwlar priew. For fartkar t»-fermatlM addraaa C. F. CABTSR, tmm hfVLM FORD. VA.

Please mention the Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

353

THE HESSLER RURALMAIL BOX.

The Hessler Rural Mail Box

Is one the folks all like, The handiest of the handy,

The prettiest on the pike. The height of mail invention

That stands the U. S. test, The Box that is the safest,

The Box that is the Best.

The Hesslers' Rural Mail Box

Is nothing to wear out, It is by far the strongest

Because they make it stout. It cares not for the weather,

In storm it stands the brunt, The Hessler Rural Mail Box

Is always at the front.

The Hessler Rural Mail Box

Is one of highest rank, No rust and no corrosion—

It's safe as any bank. It's made to last a lifetime,

And you are sure it will. It fills the want long wanted—

In all ways fills the bill.

iFrom far you see its signal

That never plays you tricks; It's proof against the burglar

And never out of fix. On every road and highway

It has the Right of Way— The Hessler Rural Mail Box

Is one that comes to stay.

The Hessler Rural Mail Box is for sale by leading dealers or shipped ■direct. Write for souvenir button. H. E. HESSLER CO., 51© North Sulina Street, Syracuse, N. Y.

Robertson's hSngU Stanchion

Is used and endorsed by thousan ds ; willallowthe animal perfect freedom

, to He with its head in or

I out of the

; manager.

| Sold subject to a 30 days free trial in your own stable. Write for booklet.

O. H. ROBERTSON, No. 18 Camp Street, ForestvHle, Conn.

i|!NE|^a^SlANCHION

Hon. Carter Glass, Montview Farms, Lynchburg, Va., writes:

"I desire to state that the 60 Stanchions bought of you have given us perfect satisfaction in every particular."

The purchaser takes no risk, as the Stanchions are shipped subject to 30 ■days trial. Send for booklet.

W. B. CRUMB, South Street, Forcstville, Conn.

CUTAWAY TOOLS FOR LARGE HAY CROPS.

Three of Clark's Intense Cultivators produced this year on 14% acres, 102 tone of well dried alfalfa, timothy and trodtop hay. If you want to know laow, enclose a 2-cent stamp to <3»ORGE M. CLARK, Hlgganum, Conn.

Please mention the Southern Planter.

sauce. Mix all well into a paste and fill the whites nicely. Put them in a pan and bake a few minutes. Serve cold.

TO COOK ASPARAGUS.

Wash well and scrape off the tough skin from the ends; let it lay in water for an hour, then tie up in bunches and drop into a kettle of boiling water. Thirty minutes is long enough to cook it. Make a sauce of one cup of milk, one tablespoon of butter and one tablespoon of flour; add one cup of the water in which the asparagus had been boiled; season with salt. Place slices of toast in the bottom of the dish and arrange the asparagus on it, then pour the sauce over it and serve at once.

SEAFOAM CANDY.

Four cups of brown sugar, one cup of water, the whites of two eggs, one teaspoon of vanilla; boil the sugar until it is done enough to make a ball when dropped in cold water. (Always cook it a few minutes after you are sure that it is done.) Beat the eggs dry and put the vanilla into them; then pour the boiling sugar slowly over the beaten egg and continue to beat until it is almost hard. Butter the dishes and drop the mixture from a spoon in cakes. It will cool at once and is very dainty and toothsome.

PINEAPPLE PIE.

One cup of grated pineapple (small can), three cups of boiling water, four tablespoons of corn starch, four eggs beaten separately, four cups of sugar, four tablespoons of butter creamed with sugar, the rind and juice of two small lemons or one large one. Mix the corn starch with a little cold water and pour the boiling water over it; then stir in the pineapple and a part of the sugar and let it get cold before adding the other Ingredients. Add the whites last and bake in rich crusts without a top crust. These are delicious.

CINNAMON CAKES.

Half pound of butter, half pound sugar, one pound of flour; three eggs, leave out the yelk of one egg and mix the cake and roll them very thin, whip the yelk with a little rosewater and with a feather spread it over the cake; sprinkle sugar and cinnamon over this and bake quickly in a biscuit pan.

BATTEK PUDDING.

One quart of flour, seven eggs, half cup of melted better, one teaspoon of salt, one teaspoon of soda, two of cream tartar, enough sweet milk to make a thick batter. Pour into a mould or a bag and boil. Eat with brandy sauce.

The FARQUHAR Rake SEPARATOR

Threshes and cleans all kinds of grain, wheat, oats, etc., perfectly. Built for steam or horse power. Light running and simple. Made in three Bizes.

Write for new 130-i catalog of engines, boilers, saw-mills and threshing machinery. See our exhibit at St. Louis in the Palace of Agriculture. H. r'AROl MAIt & CO.. Ltd., York, Pn. ——

JfariniMJh^r$emdek

A constant supply for as many purposes on your place as you desire, No trouble, no expense when you have installed a

RIFE HYDRAUUQ RASH

Pumps water from spring, stream or

ond automatically. Inexpensive,

Simple, reliable. Satisfaction

Guaranteed. Raises water 30

feet for every foot of fall.

',000 in use.

Write For Free Plans

and book of valuable

stions.

RIFE ENGINE CO.

v*

sugges

113

Trinity BMg. Mew York

■ 2nd Maml Machinery.

THE WATT PLOW COMPANY,

Richmond, Va.

1—25 H. P. Geiser Engine and Boiler

on .skids. In first-class order. 1—15 H. P. (SxtO cylinder) Pitts Engine and Boiler. Mounted on steel

wheels. 1—25 H. P. Geiser Engine. Mounted

on 30 H. P. Boiler on skids. Almost

new. 1—12 H. P. Kelly Engine and Boiler

on wheels. In first-class order.

1—15 H. P. Frick Engine and Boiler on wheels.

1 No. 1 Ijane Saw Mill with Richmond Iron Works Feed, 40-inch Inserted Tooth Saw and all necessary belts. In first-class order.

I—No. 8 Fnrquhar Cable Feed Saw

Mill with three Head Blocks and

50-inch Inserted Tooth Saw. As good as new.

1—No. 1 Lane Mill with 50-inch Inserted Tooth Saw. As good as new.

1—6 H. P. Peerless Engine and Boiler on wheels.

1—7-inch 4-Sided Molder. 1—4-inch 4-Sided Molder. —ALSO— Inserted Tooth Simonds

1 48-inch

Saw. 1—54-inch

Saw.

Inserted Tooth Simonds

We invite your correspondence and will gladly give any information desired.

THE WATT PLOW CO.,

7426 E. Main St., Richmond, Va,

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

Th,s £Ue„, s MASTERS

TOBACCO,

CABBAGE, TOMATO AND SWEET POTATO

TRANSPLANTER.

Has been thoroughly tested in the field during the past three seasons and every suggested improvement has been adopted, so that we now offer the dealers and growers the grandest little tool ever devised for setting all kinds of plants. Does better work than can be done by hand and more than twice as fast. Will set plants cheaper than the horse planter, acre by acre. Will do perfect work where the horse planter will not work at all—amongst rocks and stumps and on side-hill land, and far more satisfactory in every way. Read the following testimonials:

I helped set out 25 acres of tomatoes for Hudson & Co., with one of your Planters and we secured a fine stand of plants. A good test was made in the middle of one field, where we set a big patch the old way, and to-day they are not half as good as those set with your Planter.

SHIRLEY G. COX. Mattituck, Long Island, N. T., June 14, 1906.

Please reserve me Talbot county for my agency, as a great number of farmers have told me they want a Setter the coming spring. The first day I went out I sold 14 Planters and I find this is just the tool every farmer and grower should have.

CHARLES G. PEARCE. Easton, Md., February 17, 1906. I have used the Masters Plant Setter for two years and am well pleased with it. W ould not take $50 for mine and do without it. Can recommend them for use in the dryest kind of land, etc. G. T. ADAMS.

Pilot Mountain, N. C, October 3, 1906. I bought one of your Planters last spring and set out 40.000 tobacco plants and find that it fills the bill exactly. Would not take many times its cost if I could not get another, etc. D. J. DENNY, J. P. Pinnacle. N. C, October 7, 1906. The Planter I bought of you this spring acted like a charm, and is just the thing that every man should have who plants anything in the ground. I would not be without it for its weight in gold. I have used it setting out tobacco, tomato, cabbage and sweet potato plants with perfect success, etc. A. W. SMITH. South Hill, Va., June 20, 1906. The Planter I bought of your agent, Charles G. Pearce, last spring, has given me perfect satisfaction. My son can set out twice as many plants with it in a day as he could with anything else he ever used, and the beauty of it all is that thev all take root and grow. GEORGE BUCKLEY. Easton, Md., February 7, 1906. For full particulars, wholesale and retail prices, address

MASTERS PLANTER COMPANY,

178 So. Water St.. CHICAGO, ILX.

BRANDY SAUCE.

One cup of fresh butter, one cup of pulverized sugar creamed until light. Mix with it two tablespoons of brandy, the juice of one lemon, a dust of nutmeg. Stir it slowly into a cup of boiling water; let it simmer a moment and pour it into a warm sauce dish and serve with the pudding or any boiled dumpling.

CARAVAN.

THE SUP2RIOR GRAIN DRILL.

For many years the Superior Drill has been recognized as the standard of drill perfection, and if you will ask a Superior user how he likes his drill, he is pretty likely to tell you that there is no other drill like it; that it is the best on earth. However that may be, unquestionably the Superior Drill has given the very best of satisfaction in the hands of farm users. The man who will investigate the drill question cannot but be convinced that the drill is a profitable investment. In the first place, careful tests by the Experiment Stations have demonstrated that drilled oats yield on an average seven bushels more than oats sown broadcast, which shows that it won't take very long to make the price of the drill on the oats you raise. When oats are used as a nurse crop, the Superior Drill is especially desirable, as you can sow your grass seed at the same time you sow your oats, and by the grain being in drills, which gives plenty of circulation of air and sunlight on the grass seed, the result is that a uniform and good stand is almost invariably the rule, it being a much easier matter to get a stand of clover, timothy, etc., where put in with drilled oats than it is where it is sown with broadcasted oats.

The Superior Drill Company ask that you write them for full particulars and secure their booklet which they have issued under the title of "Orilling Versus Broadcasting," as well as their large Superior Catalogue and 1908 Almanac, which will be mailed you free if you mention The Southern Planter.

WHAT IS VULCANITE?

A great many farmers and builders are asking what "Vulcanite" is. Vulcanite is a mineral rubber compound, and has been used for over sixty years in the manufacture of ready roofing. It is one of the most durable materials ever discovered for the purpose and makes a roofing hard to equal. It is particularly adapted to farm buildings of all kinds; is more lasting than shingles or tin; much cheaper in first cost and costs next to nothing to maintain, as it does not require annual painting.

Vulcanite is not affected by rain, snow, sun or frost—weather does not injure it in any way, and it makes a

SHIP flE YOUR

OLD METALS

HIDES RUBBER

SCRAP IRON

Car Lots a Specialty

50,000

Hides Wanted

Write for Prices. satisfaction Guaranteed.

No Commissions.

Checks Sent Same Day Freight Bills Are Marked Paid.

ilarence Cosby,

Established 1890.

RICHHOND, VA.

Largest Dealer in

Serap Iron, Metals, Hides, Etc., in the South.

REFERENCES:

National Bank of Virginia, Bank of Richmond, Bradstreets and Dun.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

355

APPLE an daiioth-

PEACH trees do PEAR their best

PLUM e W £ npr ° P "

SPRAYED

Have y*u any fruit treca that yield poor, wormy, knarled, blight** and imperfect fruit T Do you spray them? If not you are

LOSING MONEY

All klnda of apray pumpa at prices from $3 up.

Our Spray Pumpa are reliable, simple and durable.

Used by the Virginia and North Carolina Agricultural Departments.

SYDNOR PUMP & WELL CO.,

DEPT. B. RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

Defender Sprayer

All brass, easiest work>

ing, most powerful, aute=

matic mixer, expansion

ralves, double strain**.

Catalogue of Pumps an*

Treatise on Spraying fiaa,

Agents Wamthd.

}'t. Oaylord, Bex 82 OatskiU, «. K>

FUMfl

kills Prairie Dogs, Wood Chucks, Gophers and Grain Insects. "The wheels of the Gods grind slow, but exceedingly small." So the weevil, but you can stop their grind with

PUMA CARBON BI-SULPHIDE as others are doing. It fumigates poultry houses and kills hen lice. Edward R. Taylor, Pen Tan, N. T.

handsome appearance on the building.

For making old roofs new, especially old shingle roofs, Vulcanite is the most satisfactory thing you can use—simply lay it right over the old shingles and make the roof better than new—no expense or time removing old shingles.

For further particulars write to the Patent Vulcanite Roofing Company, 626 S. Campbell Avenue, Chicago, 111., for free samples and their roof book. Kindly mention this paper and the book will be sent free also.

Meadow Brook Farm, Round Hill, Va., J. D. Thomas, proprietor, is offering large Imperial Yorkshires. Mr. Thomas has been advertising with us for many years and knows how to please his customers with this popular breed.

A POPULAR HORSE. Director, Jr., the son of Director and Mamie Wilkes, by Red Wilkes, that was purchased last fall by J. M. Vaughan, of South Hill, Va., has developed into a grand looking horse, with a satin like coat of rich mahogany bay renders him very attractive in appearance. The bay stallion sires fine colts, and since being taken to South Hill has become very popular. Director, Jr., is one of the straightest bred horses in Virginia, being by a great race horse and sire of champions, from a maternal line that has made history.

Paint Without Oil

ABSORBINB FOR SHOE BOILS.

S. Farnsworth, Luenburg, Mass., writes, April 4, 1907: "My horse had a large shoe gall, I should say as large as a quart measure, and Absor-bine took it all down and I have used only half of the can. I should not be afraid to recommend it to any one." Absorbine is a mild and pleasant remedy to use. It is prompt and positive in its action and will remove blemishes, cure lameness and pain without blistering or removing the hair. Horse can be used. Send to address below for free book "How to Remove Blemishes." Absorbine is $2 per bottle at dealers, or express prepaid upon receipt of price. W. F. Young, P. D. F., 109 Monmouth Street, Springfield, Mass.

THE BEST TIME IS NOW. Spring is a busy season not only on the farm, but everywhere else, and, in the best interests of our readers, we urge upon them the advisability of making early preparation for their Spring work. No detail of practical fanning is more important than that of fertilizing. All farmers are aware of the benefits of Nitrate of Soda as a fertilizer. We must remind them that this is Nature's own land-renewing agency and that it must be applied when the plant, no matter what kind, is in an early stage

Remarkable Discovery That Cuts Down the Cost of Paint Seventy-Five Per Cent.

A Free Triul Package Is Mailed to Every One Who Writes.

A. L. Rice, a prominent manufacturer of Adams, N. Y., has discovered a process of making a new kind of paint without the use of oil. He calls It Powdrpaint. It comes in the form of a dry powder and all that is required is cold water to make a paint weatherproof, fireproof and as durable as oil paint. It adheres to any surface— wood, stone or brick, spreads and looks like oil paint and costs about one-fourth as much.

Write to Mr. A. L. Rice, Manufacturer, 203 North St., Adams, N. Y., and he will send you a free trial package, also color card and full information showing you how you can save a good many dollars. Write to-day.

WRITE FOR PRICES.

EBROj

V-S'BEHMUTH BROsJ

Time to Paint

Let us quote you prices on Paint that will give you satisfaction. Color cards and all information cheerfully furnished. Write to-day. Lelbermuth Bros., Richmond, Va.

PREVENT ROT.

Doubles the life of fence posts, porches, tanks, sills, etc. Prevents warping •£ shingles. Use AVENARIUS CARBO-LINECM. Endorsed by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. On ths market since 1875. Booklet free.

Surest remedy against Chicken Lies and Mites.

Carbolineum Wood Preserving Co., 346 W. Broadway, New York, N. Y.

SAVE YOUR TREES

Don't let them be destroyed by scale, worms and insects. Spray them with GOOD'S caustic pot- cnap fun 3

bUUU » asH WH RLE OIL awr NU. J

50 pounds $2.50, 100 pounds $4.50, larger quantities proportionately less. Insecticide and fertilizer combined. Dissolves easily in water. Contains no sulphur, salt or mineral oils. Used and endorsed by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. Write for booklet on Plant Diseases—free.

JAMES GOOD,

Original Maker,!)."!! N. Front St.,

Philadelphia, Pa.

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

ecA

MLE GREASE

adds years to the life of a wagon. Just what a farmer, teamster or drayman needs to make the wheels go round" with least wear and most profit. Poor grease cuts the boxes out of your wheels — don't use it — get Mica Axle Grease and save the wagon.

• S - UR D I " « F C

RETURNED

Send sketch for free report aa t» patentability. Guide Book and What to Invent, with valuable list of Inventions wanted sent free. One million dollars offered for one Invention; $16,000 for others. Patents secured by us advertised free In World's Progress Sample free.

EVANS & WILKENS, 848 F Street, Washington, D. C.

T YOUfflDEAS

$100,000 for one inventions h _jther $8,500. Book "How to jbtain a Patent" and "What to Invent" sent free. Send rough sketch for fre* report as to patentability. Wc advertise your i patentfor sale at our expense. . ':

Patent Obtained or Fee Returned. CHANDLEE & CHAHDI.EE. Patent Atfyi, ,'

(EatabliHudlSjeart)

941 P. Street, Wash ington, D. C |

I nf ■■■ ■ ■ i ... „ I, —■■ — -

A Neat Binder for your back numbers can be had for 30 cents. Address our Business Department.

of its growth. In late Winter and early Spring the railroads and store? are rushed with business, and delays in delivering this most effective fertilizer are certain. To insure having nitrate on hand at the right time, we urge all our readers to order their supply now. It will do little or no good if it comes late. Order it now.

HEAVES, THEIR CAUSE AND CURE.

Every one who owns a horse or who has charge of horses should know what to do and how best to help a horse when it is afflicted with the heaves. In the first place, it should be understood that indigestion is primarily the cause of heaves. Overfeeding causes an abnormal condition of the stomach and violent exercise thereafter interferes with the expansion of the lungs, retards the circulation, and in a short time the peculiar cough which accompanies the disease is heard.

Now, the remedy that is a guaran teed cure for the heaves in any stage whatever is Newton's Heave, Cough, Distemper and Indigestion Cure. It is highly praised by horsemen because it does its work of curing quickly and thoroughly, and leaves no ill effects of any kind.

The price of this remedy is $1.00 a can, for sale by all dealers, or will be sent by express, prepaid, on receipt of price by the manufacturers, The Newton Remedy Co., Toledo, Ohio.

This Company publishes a book, entitled "Horse Troubles and Stable Hints," which will prove of great interest to any horse owner.

Send for It.

$50.00 AN ACRE AHEAD.

A few years ago we set out a number of acres of Holland cabbage during the last week of June, writes a subscriber. The weather came off very dry and hot, but, as our plants were ready, we went ahead and set them out, working a full ten hours every day. We were making a test that year to find out if liquid fertilizer was any better than plain water, to set with. We, therefore, set ten rows of plants througn the fields using only water to set with. Then we set ten rows and used liquid fertilizer instead of water, and we continued this plan clear across the field. After the plants had been set ten days, you could easily distinguish the difference.

The rows set with liquid fertilize' grew considerably larger and were of a dark green color, and you could easily see the difference clear up into September and October. Those set with water were not nearly so rugged and were of a paler color, and when we came to harvest them about the first of November, the rows set

HIGH GRADE

DROP-HEAD

LIGHT RUNNING

SEWING

MACHINE

Positively the greatest Sewing Machine value ever offered. By our direct selling: plan, we save you all dealers' and agents' profits. This Machine is equal to any usually sold by agents for $30.00. Is substantially made of best material, and is equipped with the latest improvements. Elegant oak drop-leaf cabinet, 4 drawers and full set of attachments. We give our binding 10-year guarantee with each machine. Order one today, try it 30 days audit not found in every way satisfactory, we will refund your money. We are the largest sewing machine distributers in the South, and make prompt shipment. Send for complete catalogue mailed free on application.

MALSBY, SHIPP & CO.

Dept. 14 Atlanta, Ga.

MYEHS LOOiC STITCH

J?L SEWSNO

AWL

is the most practical little device ever invented, for mending harness, shoes, canvas, carpets, etc. Sews like sewing machine. Every family needs one. Sample ready to use $1 postpaid. Book E. C. A. Myers Co., 6537 Woodlawn Ave., Chicago jj

COIL SPRINB FENCE

Made of high carbon Steel Wire

; Hors?-hicrh,B'.;Il-stron£;,, Chicl; ~T en-tight. Sold d:reet to ttie

Farmer at lowe-t manufacturers prices on CO Days Free [L^

Trial, freight prepaid. 100 pi.ge £ Catalogue and price-list free.

KITSELMAN BROS., Box 14 MUNC1E, IX

HANLOVE AUTOMATIC GATE

Saves time adds to value safety, beauty and pleasure of home. Manlove Gate Co., 272 Huron St. Chicago, 111.

s4^&v, Li,* LAWN FENCE

Many designs. Cheap itc wood- 32 page Catalogue free. Special Prices to Churches and Cemeteries* Coiled Spring Pence Co, Box Q Winchester Ind.

Wine Fmso® 29*

48-in. stock fence per rod only ' Best higdl carbon coiled steel spring i|A « Catalog offences.tools and supplies YB32L Buy direct at wholesale. Write today*. MASON FENCE CO. Box 80 Leesbuis. *

4-fc#

UM'P8tC£LJ HIGH GRADE -CATALOGUE FREE.

)0W WIRE & HRG.W WKS. UOUISVILLE-Klf.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

357

g

Poultry-raisers have found that the better the incubators and brooders they use, the better the foods they feed, the more money they make, and the more pleasui'e they fret out of their fowls, we want to supply you with the better incubators and >rooders, foods and supplies. We manufacture and market the best poods in the world in our line. The "United" Incubators and brooders—standard the world over, and favorites with poultry people—are our loaders in the machine line. "Banner" and "Fidelity" Foods need no rgument to convince you of theirmerits. We manufacture and guarantee them. . I'.y buying all your supplies at one •wv P lace you will fave on freight, and will always get a quality you can depend on. Send us your orders and save money. Before you buy elsewhere write for our free catalogs. Do it to-day. United Incubator & Poultry Supply Mfg. Co., Dept. 17 26-28 Vesey St., N, Y. C»-y.

Buy from the man that knows. I am not a manufacturer. I am a poultry breeder. I am Southern selling agent for one of the best Incubators and Brooders on the market. Medium in price. Guaranteed for five years. Write me for catalogue and further Information.

CAL HUSSELMAN, It, F. D. 1, Highland Springs, Vs.

You'll Start Raising

CMckens When You

Get My Price

Let me quote you my 1908 low price for a Chatham which will start you making extra chicken profits when you read my valuable new free book.

Chatham Free 1903 Book

Gives you the benefit of my ' (JO years' successful experience FREE—write nearest office for it today. Thelllanson Campbell Co., Ltd., 166 Wesson Ave., Detroit,Mich. Address Dept. 59 Kansas City; St. Paul; Portland, Ore.; Na8tmUe,Tenn.; Harriaburg, Pa.

EARLY HATCHED CHICKENS

Make early broilers, next, winter's early layers. Old Biddy takes her own time, which is genarally when you are not ready.

"Model" Incubators and Brooder* are always ready—less trouble, no Hce—every advantage over th# sitting hen.

"M6del" Incubators and Brooders are manufactured by Chas. A. Cyphers, of Buffalo, N. T. We ar« his authorized agents. Catalogue is free. Ask for it.

If you have not received our

Poultry Supply and Feed Price Lint

you are not on our mailing list.

Send in your address—do it now.

W. J. TODD,

426 North Sixth Street,

Richmond, Va.

with liquid fertilizer turned off about fourteen tons to the acre, while those set with water only turned off about nine tons to the acre, and as cabbage were worth that fall $10 a ton out of the field, those set with liquid fertilizer turned out full $50 an acre ahead of those set with water, and the labor and cultivation were the same in both cases. Masters Rapid Planter Company gives this formula free to every purchaser of one of their plant setters. See their ad. in this issue.

Overbrook Farm, Baltimore, Md., March 12, 1908. Southern Planter:

Four of our large Yorkshire sows have just farrowed—two of them 12 pigs each, one 13 pigs and one 11 pigs, a total of 48 pigs. Forty-eight pigs from four litters is "coming some." This shows what large Yorkshires of the best breeding will do.

In selecting our Yorkshires several years ago, we required every one to be of a litter of 12 pigs, or more, and this is now giving us results.

It has struck us as quite funny that breeders generally do not seem to pay any attention to this matter. We have sold a good many pigs, and yet, have never once had an inquiry as to the size of a litter. While breeders should require good breeding they should also require good individuals from large litters. Yours very truly, OVERBROOK FARM, G. D. Buddecke, Owner.

SCIENCE AND FARMING.

One of the many important facts in modern farm science most worth the attention of farmers who think, is the new system of feeding live stock. Present ideas which have grown • from and out of old-time methods within comparatively recently years, put the whole feeding question on a truly scientific basis. The proportion and composition of foods is fully explained by agricultural science and wise breeders and feeders pay sufficient attention to the subject to reap great benefit from it.

Facts upon which the entire structure of the cattle feeding business rests are so well attested that there is no gainsaying them, and first and foremost in actual importance is the tonic idea. It teaches one common sense principle—no animal under the continued strain of heavy feeding can make satisfactory growth or production without the digestive apparatus is strengthened to meet such strain.

To attempt to bring a fine bunch of thrifty steers up to the proper selling weight, or to get a large average production of milk from a herd of cows, leaving nature to settle alone the constant overdrafts made on animal digestion by big, daily rations of rich foods, is simply to upset the very end in view.

IT PAYS TO SPRAY

The Iron Age 4-row Sprayer gives perfect satisfaction. Puts solution just where needed and in foe-like mist. Pumpdelivi rsspray under high pressure, thusreachingevery

Eart of vine, effectually kilt ■" )g bugs and preventing blight. Has Orchard bprayin^ attachment. Write for free Catalog illustrating Sprayer and other

BATEMMJ MFG. CO.,Bos 167S,3renioch s H.J.

Iron Age Tools.

A postal nrings it. Wnte today.

Wood's Virginia Ensilage Corn,

Superior both in growth and nutritive qualities. Our En. silage Corn has a-chieved a big reputation wherever planted.

We are headquarters for all Farm Seeds, Cow Peas, Sorghums, Millets, Crimson Clover, etc- Prices quoted on request.

Write for prices and Wood's Crop Special,

giving interesting information about Farm Seeds. Mailed free on request.

T. W. WOOD & SONS,

SEEDSMEN,

RICHMOND, VA.

METAL MOTHERS

Complete Fireproof Hatching and Brooding Plant for $7.50; two quarts oil will hatch and brood the chicks. Our nest system is the latest discovery. Full line poultry supplies. Lowest prices. Free catalogue. Write to-day.

CYCLE HATCHER CO., Box 400, Elmira, New York.

PRAIRIE STATE INCUBATORS.

UNIVERSAL HOVERS.

New Idea machines. Hatches th« largest and most vigorous cbicka. Guaranteed. Recommended, us«d and endorsed by the Government Stations. Send for convincing fact circulars.

VIRGINIA POULTRY SUPPLY CO., . . Box 358, Richmond, Va.

POULTRY SUPPLY DEALERS.

Poultry is a profitable crop on the farms wheie

Model Incuba'

tors and Brooders are used. If you are j not making big money on your chickens, write lor mv book. It tells how. MODEL INCUBATOR CO., Chas. A. Cyphers, Pres. 359 Henry St., Buffalo, N. Y.

MMMHBBMH

Iron and Wire Fences

Plain find heavy, also light and or-nauiental. <ty Wire or Iron Fences. *!',£hest grade at lowest prices. "3-Write for catalog. FREE.

Enteiprisa Foundry & feme Co., 2^/S. &enatoAvo.,Indianapoli3,Indf

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[April,

Make Your Idle Money Earn You Interest

Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK

of Richmond, Virginia, for information concerning its certificates of deposit, no arranged that One Per Cent, may be collected every Four - Mouths through your nearest bank or store.

Our experience proves this form for savings to be the most satisfactory plan yet devised for deposits of $100.00 or more.

Our Capital and Earned Surplus Is

$1,600,000

John B. Purcell, President.

Jno. M. Sillier, Jr., Vice-Pres. Cashier. Chas. R. Burnett, Asst. Cashier. J. C. Joplin, Asst. Cashier.

FARMERS

insure Your Buildings, Live Stock,

Produce, Etc., in Virginia Division

FARMERS' MUTUAL BENEFIT

ASSOCIATION.

Best security. Property insured, 1500,000. Average cost per $1,000 per year $5.00. Territory limited to counties of Chesterfield, Amelia, Powhatan, Nottoway, Dinwiddie, Prince George, Surry, Charles City, New Kent and James City. For plan and membership write to

CHARLES N. FRIEND, General Agent,

Chester, Va.

Organized January 9, 1899.

A Great Discovery DROPSY

CURED with vegetable remedies; removes all symptoms of dropsy in 8 to 28 days; 30 to 60 days effects permanent cure. Trial treatment furnished free to every sufferer; nothing fairer. For circulars, testimonials and free trial treatment H. GREEN'S SONS, Atlanta, Ga.

write Dr

If fatting cattle and cows in milk were always at liberty to select what instinct tells them is best or necessary, there would, of course, be no need of the tonic. But here is where the difficulty arises. Cattle cannot choose or select for themselves, but must eat what the feeder furnishes, and besides endure a stuffing process for weeks and months. Is it any wonder that an overtaxed and unassisted organism breaks under the strain?

Give your cattle a tonic—something to strengthen digestion—and growth will be continuous because then there can be no interruption caused by indigestion, loss of appetite, or complications of a more serious nature.

Another great advantage in the tonic idea is its economy. Cattle receiving it, because of greater appetite, eat more rough fodder and thus reduce feed bills.

Besides, it is a well-attested fact that there is great saving of nutriment where the tonic is given, which would otherwise enrich the manure heap.

Without going further, then, into details, this one fact stands out above everything else in the new farm science—a "food tonic" is a necessity.

Eminent medical writers, such as Professors Winslow, Quitman and Finley Dunn, tell us certain elements are always beneficial—bitter tonics, which aid and strengthen digestion; iron, well known as a blood builder, and nitrates, which act as cleansing agents to remove poisonous matter from the animal system. These are the ingredients found in the tonic, and healthy growth, production and condition are sure to follow in cattle, horses, sheep or swine when these elements are given.

A VALUABLE POULTRY BOOK.

The book that will be read with a great deal of interest, on account of the rapid growth of the poultry industry and the profits to be realized in this field, is Greider's 1908 Catalogue of Poultry and Supplies, prepared by B. H. Greider, the well-known poul-tryman, of Rheems, Pa.

At the price asked—ten cents postpaid—this book is well worth sending for and should be in the hands of every one interested in poultry raising on either a large or small scale. Enclose the price to Mr. Greider, at Rheems, Pa., and we believe you will be perfectly satisfied with the bargain.

FREE SOUVENIR. The Walter A. Wood Co. offers to send free to any of our readers who write them one of the medals such as they distributed at the St. Louis World's Fair. This was one of the most popular souvenirs of that Exposition and thousands of them were given out. This medal is made of a

POTATO BUGS

Are Always a Sure Crop. Better Order a Sack of 100 Lbs. or Our

PARKS GREEN

MIXTURE

PRICE $1.50.

Don't Wait Until the Rush is on.

T. C. Andrews & Co., Inc., Norfolk, Va.

WANTED

* Bills to Collect -

In all portions of the United States. No collection, no charge. Agencles-wanted everywhere; 25 years' experience. PALMORE'S COLLECTION AGENCY, 911 Main St., Richmond, Va.

THE VIRGINIA LANDSCAPE AND MAINTENANCE [CO. INC.

41< Watt, Rettew & Clay Building,

ROANOKE. VA.

BatsmoloKlata, Foresters, Lavdseaoc

Architects, Engineers. <•• you.

tt

PRACTICAL FIRMING"

Prof. W. F. Maesey's latest and best book, Is now on sale. It retails fer fl.10 and is worth it We shall be rory pleased to send you a copy at lb ore price and will Include a year's lubscriptlon to The Southern Planter. Remember, we deliver the book and jive you a whole year's subscription' for the price of the beok, $1.60. SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va.

HEAVES CURE D! gggm*^

troubles. Cores Heaves. Coughs, Distemper *ai

Indigestion. Veterinarians use and recommend

PRUSSIAN

HEAVE POWDERS

Druggists will get them. Price 50c at dealer, 60c by -mail. Send (or Free book.

PRUSSIAN REMEDY CO.. ST. PAUL. MINX-

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

359

IHND YOUR ORDER FOR

TO

DIGGS & BEADLES

THE SEED MERCHANTS RICHMOND, VA.

We are headquarters for superior seeds of all kinds— Garden and Flower Seeds, Grass and Clover Seeds, Cow Peas, Field Beans, Seed Potatoes, Onion Sets, etc. Also Poultry Foods and Supplies—Meat Meal, Bone Meal, Oyster Shells, Mixed Feeds, etc. Southern agents fer the celebrated Cornell Incubators and Brooders.

"Write to-day for our free catalogue (B). You need It. It helps. Your correspondence solicited.

COW PEAS

AMD

SOJA BEANS

We are headquarters. Nothing bettor for hay and fertilizing purposes. Write for prices on any quantity. Free Bulletin on the "Cow Pea" and catalogue "1" on request.

HICKORY SEED CO., Hickory, N. C.

PLANT

THE NEW "WARD" BLACKBERRY.

I offer for spring of 1908, strong. No. 1 Plants at $2 per 100 No. 2 at |1.60 per 100. Send for descriptive circular of the Ward.

Full line of Fruits Trees and •mail Fruit at planters' prices. Bend fer price list.

TODD SHOOSMITH, HOYT, PA.

Wood's 0 Seeds.

metal called "Goldine," and, when worn on the watch chain or fob, looks like the real thing.

On one side is stamped a haying scene, the other side contains the name of the Company. The Wood Company will send one of these medals, while the supply lasts, to any user of farm machines who will state whether or not he is in the market for a machine and mentions the name of the paper. Address Walter A. Wood Mowing and Reaping Machine Company, Hoosick Falls, N. Y. Write now, as the supply of these medals is limited and no more will be gotten out when the present supply is exhausted.

A NEW ADVERTISER. Among the new Advertisers using this issue is the firm of F. C. Hoen-niger & Bro., Inc., Richmond, Va. This firm has recently moved into more commodious quarters on East Main street, and is fully equipped to serve the farmers with everything needed in the Implement, Machinery, Vehicle and Repair line. Refer to their advertisement and see what a splendid line of goods they carry and write for quotations on what is needed.

Cow Peas.

We are headquarters for all Farm Seeds-^ Cow Peas, Soja Beans, Millets, Sorghums, Ensilage Corn, Crimson Clover, etc. prices quoted on request.

Write for prices end Wood's Crop Special, giving interesting information about Farm Seeds. Mailed free on request.

T. W. WOOD & SONS,

SEEDSMEN, • - RICHMOND, VA.

CATALOGUES. Alfalfa and How to Grow It. Published by TheJ. E. Wing & Bros. Seed Co., Mechanicsburg, Ohio. The catalogue deals also with all other clover and grass seeds and will be found a useful reference catalogue.

Peter Henderson & Co., 35 and 37 Cortlandt St., New York. Implement Catalogue and Farmers' Manual for 1908.

T. W. Wood & Sons, Richmond, Va., Seedsmen. Catalogue of high-grade seeds and guide for the farm and garden. This is specially prepared for the use of Southern farmers, truckers and gardeners and will be found of constant use as a reference book.

John W. Hall, Marlon Station, Maryland. Second crop and Northern-grown seed potatoes, berry plants, etc. Mr. Hall has advertised with us for many years and has a reputation for supplying good seed potatoes and plants.

Hickory Seed Co., Hickory, North Carolina. Corn, Cotton, Cowpeas, Soy Beans, Sweet and Irish Fotatoes. S. L. Allen & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. The makers of the celebrated Planet Jr., implements, indispensible for the trucker, gardener and small farmer. A. B. Farquhar Co., Limited, York, Pa Engines, Boilers, Saw-Mills, Separators, Stackers, Horse-Power Drills, Corn Planters, etc.

James Good, 939 N. Front St., Philadelphia, Pa. A pocket manual of plant diseases and their remedies.

SEEDCORN

THE EXCELSIOR—A PEDIGREED CORN.

Collier's Excelsior is king of corns, not because I say so, but upon the word of the best authorities in this country—governmental and others. Too many corns are advertised as wonders and world beaters with nothing to sustain the assertion except the parties word advertising It. Behind Excelsior are authentic records unparalleled by any corn yet produced. I wish to inform the readers of The Southern Planter that I yearly test, in co-operation with the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station, all corns of note, new and old grown in Maryland, as well as many varieties from other States, and I am thereby in a position to speak authentically. No corn, white or yellow, has yet proven the equal by a wide margin to my Excelsior.

Write for free corn booklet giving best references possible. Tells of battles won and none lost.

W. OSCAR COLLIER,

Proprietor Springrvood Seed Farms, Easton, Talbot County, Sid.

SEED CORN

Warner's Gold Standard

STRAIN No. 10.

This is the earliest and highest yielding strain of yellow Dent Corn that has yet been produced; will yield from 15 to 20 bushels more shelled corn per acre than any variety of Yellow Dent Corn I have found in 15 years' test.

Free illustrated circular giving prices, etc.

H. W. WARNER,

Route 2, Easton, Maryland.

SEED CORN

WING'S Improved WHITE CAP. A

variety we have been breeding and improving for 15 years, and is now bred up to the very highest standard. Reid's Yellow Dent. An early yellow corn. Ears are medium in size with deep grains. These two varieties can't be beat. Write for CATALOG No. 35 and free instructions on growing alfalfa.

J. E. WING & BROS., Box 435, Mechanicsburg, Ohio.

SEED CORN.

Collier's Excelsior.—First prize White Corn Virginia State Fair, 1907, and 1 wherever shown. My stock is field selected and shelf dried. Seed either oa the ear or shelled.

Price $1.50 Per Bushel; $1.40 for Twt

Bushels or More.

J. B. McCOMB, Somerset, Va.

STRAWBERRY PLANTS

Fruit Trees, etc. Strawberry Plants, 11.76 per 1,000 in 6,000 lots er orer; Trees, 8c. each. Send for free catalogue. JOHN LIGHTFOOT, Bast Chattanooga, Tenn.

Tell the advertiser where you saw-his advertisement.

THE SOUTHEKN" PLANTER.

[April.

j/Bmmtmim

UeLIMBERS

Imperial Nasturtiums, 20 varieties imported seeds, novelties. Sweet Peas, 50 gay colors including Countess Spencer Hybrids. Gourds, 20 mixed ornamental sorts. Japan Morning Glory, enormous flowers, gorgeous colors. Cypress vine, scarlet and white' Cinnamon vine, pretty, hardy, cinnamon fragrance. This collection will cover 100 feet of fence or border with a showy tangle of flowers and foliage. With it we give free apackage of the marvelous climber ECH-INOCYSTUS LOBATA and seeds of 25 herbs used in seasoning. Send two dimes or stamps today and ask for the $45.00 Prize offer and 1908 catalog. Bioghamton Seed Co., 103 Court St., Bingham ton, N. Y,

ALL. VARIETIES

50Y OR 50JA BEANS, BUCKWHEAT, MILLET, CANE SEED, BLACKEYE PEAS, WHIPPOR-WILL PEAS

Send us your orders and g^t lowest prices. In ordering from Richmond yon get low rates of freight.

Highest market price paid for Wool and only deduct freight charges.

WALLERSTEIN PRODUCE CO., Richmond, Va.

SEED

Northern Grown, over 99 per 'Ni&Sj cent pure. Should produce $40.00 '-L, worth of hay per acre annually. »*P~vjW Free instructions on growing. Write >iftfv,".'* for free sample and Catalogue No. 35. ^ jpjy

GRAIN AND GRASS SEEDS 1

Northern Grown and of strongest vitality. We Invite you to get government tests on our sam pies. T HE J. E. WING & BROS. SEEB CO. Box 335, Mechenicsburg, Ohio

j& IF YOU WANT &

Thrifty, stocky Vegetable Plants, grown in an ideal plant climate we have thousands o t

Cabbage, Egg Plant, Cauliflower, Celery and Tomato Plants.

Write for circular and premium list. E. W. JONES NITRSERY COMPANY, Woodlawn, Va.

Be Your Own Doctor.

IN RAISING FARM PRODUCTS

By scientific use of your manures, using a table giving analyses of farm products and manures, and formulae showing how they are applied. Full crops guaranteed if followed. Write for particulars. Price, $1.

W. W. HURT, Damascus, Va.

Bauroth Bros., Springfield, Ohio. Gas and Gasoline Engines.

F. B. Myers & Bro., Ashland Pump and Hay Tool Works, Ashland, Ohio.

Charles E. Fendall & Son, Towson, Md. Strawberry plants. The Fendall strawberry a specialty.

Prairie State Incubator Co., Homer City, Pa. Nature's way of hatching chicks. Incubator Brooders.

Charles C. Wine, Mt. Sidney, R. F. D. 1, Va. Plymouth Rocks, S. C. Brown Leghorns, Berkshire Pigs.

J. H. Yoder, Dienbigh, Va., Cypress Springs Poultry Yards. White Wyan-dottes.'

E. D. Crouch, Twining City, D. C. Rose and Single Comb Black Minor-cas.

W. A. Shook, McGaheysville, Va. Rhode Island Reds exclusively.

THE SCHOOLBOY BRAIN.

One of the most substantial and genuine of delights for those of humorous appreciation consists in a study of the answers made by school-gii'ls and school-boys in examination papers. A writer in the current Harper's Weekly has collected a new batch of these, of which the following specimens are among the most choice:

"Blood consists of two sorts of cork-screws—red cork-screws and white cork-screws."

Asked to explain what a buttress is, one boy replied: "A woman who makes butter."

One pupil defined primate as "the wife of a Prime Minister."

Gravity was discovered by Isaac Walton. It is chiefly noticeable in the autumn, when the apples are falling from the trees.

To the question, "What is a limited monarchy?" this answer was re-turned:

"A limited monarchy is government by a king who, in case of bankruptcy, would not be responsible for the entire national debt. You have the same thing in private life in limited liability companies."

Birkenhead, Eng., Oct. 30, '07. Although a Liverpool cotton broker, I must testify to the great merits of the Southern Planter. I do not know that we have anything better in the "Old Country." CHAS. HIBBERT.

Erie Co., N. Y., Dec. 17, '07.

I consider the Southern Planter the best agricultural paper I have ever read. I have just returned from a trip through your State and have come to the conclusion that if the farmers of Virginia would follow your teachings they would find farming a most profitable pursuit.

HENRY A. BLEY.

AGRICULTURAL LIME.

PLAIN ROCK

OR

SHELL LIME

BAGS OR BULK

SPECIAL FINE HYDRATED LIME

FOE DRILLING.

If in the market for any grade and any quantity of

MV LIME

Write for our pricelist and particulars •

T. C, ANDREWS & CO., Inc.

NORFOLK,

VA.

AGRICULTURAL

LIME

SCREENINGS.

Cheap in bulk by carload.

Tazewell White Lime Works

North Tazewell, Va.

Nitrate of Sods

NITRATE SOLD IN ORIGINAL BAGS

The Nitrate Agencies Company

64 Stone Street, New York

Orders for All Quantities Promptly

Filled Write for Quotations

ONSTAD'S "one application crp.ES" M

LUMPY-JAW CAPSULES

GUARANTEED BtST^'RITE FOR PAKTIClLAiBj THE ONSTAD CHEMICAL CO. 101 Key Street Indianapolis, lni|

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

361

Northern VirginiaFarms

Here Are a Few Bargains.

No. 132. Contains 50 acres of smooth, gently-rolling, fertile land divided Into four fields; pure running stream running through the farm. The land is. all in good state of cultivation; chocolate clay with stiff subsoil. The house Is a comfortable 6-room dwelling, excellent well at the porch; stable, com house, granary, all in good condition. Farm is situated in Loudoun County on a good level road, 2% miles from the station. Price, $2,000.

No. 130. This farm contains 270 acres; situated in Loudoun County, 7 miles from the station In a thickly settled community; close to schoel, church, post-office, store and two mills; rural delivery at the gate. This land Is all comparatively level, all a good quality clay soil; adapted to bluegrass and grain of all kinds. It is naturally a fine quality of land, but ha* bean worked hard, but there are no galls or gullies. It has one of the finest bearing apple orchards In the county. The dwelling is a 6-room house in fair condition; a large brick storehouse and a good stable with room for 8 horses. This property belongs to a widow lady, whose husband has recently died, and she desires to sell at once, and haa priced the property at a very low figure to Induce a quick sale I can sell this property for $12 per acre, one-third cash, and the balance on very easy terms.

No. 131. A handsome Rockbridge County farm of 316 acres, situated 1% miles from a live, active and very progressive town. This farm Is a natural stock grazing farm In a high state of cultivation and productiveness; fenced with modern woven wire fence. The buildings are all in excellent condition, the most of them are new and of modern plan; they consist of a handsome 8-room brick dwelling, plumbed for hot and cold water; a large cattlo barn, horse and hay barn, large double corn crib, wagon and machine sheds, cow stable, carriage house and other small outhouses, all In excellent repair Farm is watered by springs, and branches In every field. Located in a fine neighborhood of refined citlzena Price, $16,000, on easy terms.

Farm No. 76. Contains 243 acres, 3E acres In good timber, balance is cleared and well fenced with wood and wire fences. This farm Is one of the finest little farms In Loudoun County. Every field has been limed, and the land 1* in a high state of cultivation. It Is natural bluegrass and clever land. Two-thirds of the land Is now well set In clover and will yield enormous crops next year. The farm Is situated on an elevated point, on rolling ground, with a fine view of the mountains on one side, and the other side is a beautiful stretch of cultivated lands. This farm Is all smooth, free from stones and stumps, rolling enough to drain well, but would be considered comparatively level. The house is an 8-room house, perhaps 10 years old, but well pro-served. Fine water. There are all the necessary outbuildings, in good condition. Horse barn with stalls for le 1 horses and cattle barn with stalls for 26 head. Excellent orchard of all kind* of fruit. This farm Is one mile from railroad station. Price, $37.(0 per acre.

Send for my mew List. WM. BADS MILLER, HBRNDOI, TA.

IMPORTANT IMPROVEMENTS IN CREAM SEPARATORS.

From the very general satisfaction derived from the use of the better class cream separators for some years it has seemed that the separator had reached the point of practical perfection.

Hence it is a little less surprising than would otherwise be the case to note the many and novel changes found in in the new 1908 De Laval machines, and still less so perhaps from the fact that the De Laval machines were first in the beginning and their makers have spared no effort or expense to maintain their position in the separator trade.

A SECTIONAL VIEW.

The changes begin with the supply can at the top and extend to the very lag screws in the base of the machine, and even include a change of color, which is now altered from the long familiar De Laval blue to black, because of the Japanned finish being baked on, as with sewing machines, in very high temperature gas ovens, which renders impossible the retention of the blue color, the extreme heat turning blue into black.

The capacities are increased from 10 to 20 per cent., while there is claimed to be a noticeable improvement in the still more complete separation of the butter fat from the milk, particularly under the more difficult, but frequently unavoidable, circumstances of ordinary farm and dairy use.

The supply can Is now low enough to meet the objection that has sometimes been made to the lifting of milk into it. It is spun from a single sheet of tin plate, so that it is seam-

Great Opportunity,

190 acres in Herndon, Fairfax county. Va., a thriving town of 1,200 inhabitants, with 5 churches, 2 schools, stores mills, etc.; three-quarters mile from railroad station and post-office; 6 trains daily; 27 miles to Washington, r>. C. All the land lies within the town limits on one of the best macadam roads in the county. It is high and healthy, with a beautiful outlook, affording excellent building sites. One can live here and enjoy farm life and still enjoy the numerous benefits the town has to-offer, and be in easy access of Washington, besides.

There are 30 acres in second growth timber. The balance is in a high state of cultivation and all has been sowed to grass with the exception of one field. Well fenced with wire and rails-watered by two springs; inexhaustible wells, wind power. The barns are well lighted and ventilated, modern and in excellent condition; stanchions for 60 cows and stalls for 9 horses. Good carriage house and a new 2-room tenant house. The buildings could not be built for less than $3,000.

One could stock this place, put a' tenant on it and make this a paying investment at once. It has been operated as an up-to-date dairy farm for several years, the cream bringing $1 per gallon the year round. The owner wants to sell as she does not wish to engage in active business any longer.

Land is being bought up rapidly in this locality. New York and Pennsylvania families have just bought farms near this property and are making extensive improvements, and the house and grounds adjoining are considered one of the most beautiful around Herndon.

Will sell the 190 acres, with improvements, for $13,000, $8,000 down, balance to suit, or 100 acres, with improvements, for $9,000, $4,000 down, balance to suit.

Virginia Stock and Dairy Farms near Washington a specialty.

P. B. BUELL & SON, Herndon, Va.

FARMS

For Sale.

If you want a farm to raise grass, grain, stock, fruit or tobacco, buy from us. Chocolate soli with red subsoil. Address

W. W. BARNES & CO.,

LAND AND TIMBER AGENTS,

Amelia Courthouse, Va.

Virginia Farms

Handsome Country Homes and TIHisa

Grade Farm Lands a Specialty.

J. E. WHITE, "THE LAND MAW,"

Charlottesville, Va.

VIRGINIA FARIB/$

Farms of any size with imurfVeHieate Prices in reach of all. Free Hat. PORTER A GATES, Louisa, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[April,

Attention

HOMESEEKERS AND INVESTORS.

I sell and exchange Virginia Real Estate of all classes, such as Grain, Dairy, Fruit, Stock, Truck, Poultry and Bluegrass Farms, Village Homes and Business Places of all classes. The reason I make a specialty of the two suburban counties—Loudoun and Fairfax—they offer the homeseekers more advantages combined than any country known to me. This fine portion of Virginia, extending from the national capital to the top of the Blue Ridge Mountains, is not only beautiful and healthy, but is very accesible to Washington and Alexandria cities by rail and pike, which gives all producers a fine home market.

My facilities for locating you in this section of Virginia are second to none. State what kind of property would interest you. I have a large number and great variety of properties, and can very likely suit you. New catalogue and map mailed free on request.

W. H. TAYLOR, Herndon, Va.

MARYLAND FARMS

434. 10 acres of fertile land; all fenced; fine water and splendid shade; attractive 8-room dwelling, barn and other outbuildings; only 8 miles from this city near macadamized road. Price $2,500. , a

432. 260 acres highly improved land; all fenced and well watered; 235 acres cleared, 15 in woods; 6-room dwelling, two tenant houses, two tobacco barns, stable, etc.; 9 miles from this city on turnpike, macadamized nearly to farm. This land is adapted to the growth of wheat, corn, tobacco, potatoes, fruit and grasses. Fine community. Price $8,000.

N. L. SANSBtTRY, 719 Thirteenth St., Washington, D. C.

TWO THOUSAND

Maryland,

Virginia

Stock, Dairy, Fruit, Business Farms.

Suit all requirements. Don't buy until you have seen our list, which includes the finest farms in this section. State wants.

SOULE, Washington, D. C.

A GOOD

Stock, Grain or Dairy Farm at

Reasonable Figures.

DeL,. S. CRITTENDEN,

Real Estate Broker,

ASHBURN, VA.

6000

MONEY-MAKING FARMS

rnn en c in fourteen States. rUK oALt«Strout's List 19,"

the largest illustrated catalogue of farm bargains, with reliable information of farming localities, ever issued, including Bond good for railroad fare, mailed FREE. Dept. 159, E. A. STROUT CO., Land Title Building, Philadelphia, Pa.

Please mention the Southern Planter.

fless and absolutely sanitary, while it 'is globe shaped and thus avoids any splashing over of the milk.

The bowls retain, of course, the distinctive "Alpha-Disc" and "Split-Wing" tubular shaft, De Laval features, but have been scientifically redesigned, from engineering considerations, so as to involve the least air resistance in being driven and in the discharge of cream and skim-milk from them.

In consequence, notwithstanding the greater capacities, the bowls are actually smaller than before, while they require less power,, which, of course, means greater ease of operation and saving of wear.

The bowl is likewise more sanitary in its construction, being free from tubes, wings, orifices or any parts which are not easily unassembled and may not be quickly and completely cleaned.

The supporting spindle now sets well up under the bowl, at the center of weight and balance, while this spindle, which is the backbone of the separator and quite as important and sensitive as its human namesake, is new and different from anything made before.

The new machines are the subject of much favorable comment by the Experiment Station and other authorities.

The accompanying section view of one of the machines illustrates some of the new features mentioned.

IN THE BACKWOODS OF

VIRGINIA.

A Sketch of Provincial Life.

"Alice Winston."

There are people in the South who are called "Crackers" in Georgia, "Gophers" in Florida, "Sand Hills" in South Carolina, "Tar Heels" in North Carolina, and in Virginia the negroes call them "Poor white trash." To give the origin of this class of our population, I will have to go back to old Colonial days.

When gentlemen emigrated from England in those days to better their fortunes in the new world, they brought over with them numerous followers, who settled in obscure corners of the great estates, and who had neither ambition nor industry enough to raise themselves above their lowly condition. Revolutions and wars have not changed them, except in some rare , instances. The free schools seem powerless to conquer their talent for ignorance, or to inspire a wish in them to improve their mode of ex-' istence. In the backwoods you come across settlements of these people in the valleys, or "hollows," as they call them. They prefer a low, damp situation, so as to be near a spring. Their dwellings are of logs, chinked with red mud, with stick and mud chimneys.

They rarely have more than two rooms, on the ground floor. There

Farm Bargains

a. 200 acres fine red land, with good clay subsoil, in good state of cultivation; well watered improved by 9-room frame house recently overhauled, in excellent condition; good barns and other buildings for 45 head cattle; tenant house, etc.; near Herndon, the great dairy town of Northern Virginia; within 25 miles of Washington. Only $8,000, cash $5,500, balance to suit.

6. 300 acres splendid bluegrass land in Loudoun county. No better farm in county or State. Good brick house; stone barn for 10 horses; dairy barn, 65 head; 4 tenant houses, other buildings; only 2% miles from good railroad village; very convenient to Washington. Farm well watered and in fine state of cultivation. Price $75 per acre and worth $100.

c. 335 acre bluegrass stock farm, 6 miles from railroad, in Loudoun county; excellent larvd; well watered; 12-room brick house; good barn and other buildings. To be sold at once to close estate; $9,000, one-third cash. CLAUDE G. STEPHENSON, Northern

Virginia Properties, Herndon, Va.

COUNT RY HOMES

IN VIRGINIA.

1. A grand old place in a noted and picturesque region; 1,314 acres, part timber, part cleared; commodious brick dwelling, some modern improvements; extended, well-shaded lawns; flower gardens; large orchards; barns and tenant houses; glorious view; perfect environments one mile from station, five miles from a city of 10,000 Inhabitants. Price, $65,000.

2. A choice home in a select neighborhood; 650 acres, arable in part and well timbered; very attractive 11-room residence, with modern equipment. Great bargain; $17,500.

A full description of these and other properties sent upon application. H. W. HILLEARY & CO, Charlottesville, Va.

THE PENINSULA SECTION

The Peninsula offers equally as good, if not better, advantages to the farmer than any other section of Virginia. Write us for information.

PIEDMONT AND TIDEWATER LAND

COMPANY (Inc.),

Box P, Williamsburg, Va.

Mill For Sale.

Up to date, 86-barrel, water-power, roller mill and saw mill, in good grain section, close to schools, good brick dwelling, garden and spring. Will be sold cheap.

Dixon Bros., Lexington, Va.

Old Virginia Farms.

Climate and Productiveness unexcelled. Largest sale list in Stats. For full particulars and Free Catalogue address

CASSELMAN * COMPANY,

RICHMOND, VA.

Farms, Orchards, Timber,

Cotton Lands in Virginia and the South. ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION Society, Charlottesville. Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

36a

TOflNSURE AMAXIMUM

CORN YIELD

AND THE BEST RESULTS

FROM THESUCCEEDING

CROP

USE

Bone Phosphate

22% Per Cent. Phosphoric Acid, 4%

Per Cent. Ammonia.

(Guaranteed Analysis.)

A Pure Animal Bone Fertilizer

In the manufacture of which NO CHEMICALS are used.

Ton (2,000 pounds) 28 50

Sack, 200 pounds $ 3 00

RICHMOND ABATTOIR,

Box 267, Richmond, Virginia.

Offices: Sixth and Cary Streets.

VIRGINIA FARMS.

MINERAL AND TIMBER LANDS.

Free list en application. Agency established 1875. Address

W. A. PARSONS & CO., 1527 East Main Street, Richmond, Va.

Opposite C. and O. Depot.

"In the Green Fields of Virginia."

Homes for all; health for all; happtmoao and Independence for all. All sla.es of Farms at corresponding prices, but ALL reasonable.

MACON A CO., ORANGE, VA.

Virginia Farms

MOST SELECT LIST, and in all lee

Hone of the State.

PRBB CATALOGUE.

R. B. CHAFPIN &. CO., Inc.

Richmond, Va

Maryland and Virginia Farms.

Stock, dairy, grain, bluegrass, fruit, truck, poultry and Tidewater farms, In any section of either State. Your requirements fully met. The best opportunities on the market ottered for your consideration. Catalogue free.

N. L. SANSBURY, 719 Thirteenth Street, Washington, D. C.

VIRGINIA FARMS

98 PER ACRE AND UPWARDS.

Easy payments. Catalogue Free. Loans made on country Real Estate. GEORGB E. CRAWFORD & CO., 160t Bast Main Street, Richmond, Va. Established 187S.

A Neat Binder for your back numbers can be bad for 30 cents. Address our Business Department.

was a man near us who made an ambitious attempt to have an upstairs apartment where a winter supply of blackeye peas could be stored, and also where his numerous sons could spread their pallets at night. As the planks were not of the right length to make connection with all the rafters, a careless movement from the sleepers would cause them to tilt and sometimes the old people who were just below would be aroused by a shower of sons and beans.

The men will sit for hours on the rail fences, chewing home-cured tobacco and doing nothing. They also love to congregate at the nearest store and tell long inconsequent stories about coon hunts and horse swops.

The women are pretty in early youth, with fair skins, large, dark eyes, and abundant suits of brown or yellow hair. If they could but know it, they are overworked, and ought, by the rules of health, to die under it. They help "pitch a crap," as planting is called, hoe it and lay it by afterwards; tend to the garden; look after the numerous tow-headed children; cook, milk, churn, sew, mend, knit, scour their houses, wash, knit, and weave blue and white yarn counterpanes. Oscar Wilde would think it a hopeful sign that even this life of ceaseless toil cannot kill the love of the beautiful, for all these women raise such humble flowers as are in their power, and will part with their last dried apple to the travelling picture dealer.

Their imaginations, cramped in most things, take fine flights in naming their children. I know of one girl named "Rosadalis," and another called "Era." One young lady bears the pround title, Maud Elmore Florence Gineora. Argetta and Isetta are also fashionable appellations in backwood circles. There is great excitement every year when preaching is to be for several days at church. It is called "the big meeting," and is the event of the year. Pink calico is considered the most elegant toilette on these occasions. One debutante at a recent meeting created a profound sensation by drawing on the resources of her grandmother's chest for her costume. It consisted of a dark brown mousse-line with a tomb stone and weeping willow in light grey on each »width. The waist and sleeves having tfieae designs in reduced sizes. This sounds incredible, but this dress is actually in existence.

Another festival is the preaching of funerals, which takes place long after the burials. Indeed, one of our neighbors put off having his first wife's funeral preached for so many years that his second wife, with her half-grown children, graced the occasion. There is always a roasted pig, fried chicken and apple pies for dinner after the oration is over. The preacher must stand in need of refreshment by

X

First Class

Farm Implements

at reasonable prices.

You save Labor, Time and Money when you buy Implements that wear well and work well. The kind that we sell.

We issue one of the best and most complete of Farm Implement Catalogues. It gives prices, descriptions and much interesting information. Mailed free upon request. Write for it.

The Implement Co.,

1302 East Main St., RICHMOND, ■• VIRGINIA.

We are headquarters for

V. Crimp and other Roofing, Wire

Fencing, Barb Wire, Poultry

Netting, etc.

Write for prices on any supplies or Farm Implements you require.

SAMPLE fREE

You have been fooled enough with

-worthless Lice Powder*.

Try the Best at our expense.

Conkey's Lice Powder

kills instantly and is harmless to the fowl.

Send 5 cents for postage and get sample

and also Valuable Poultry Book FKEE.

THE G. E. CONKEY CO.

428 OTTAWA SLOG., CLEVELAND, OHIO

KILL THE LICI

-*,«££ CHICKENS ww.

PRUSSIAN

LICE POWDER

Sore Death io Lice and Vermin

■ The

L

They can't live where it is. Easy to apply. Dust it io "Killed every louse in my flock of

250 hens."—D.Perry, Monroe, Wis.

Price 25 and 50c a Pkg. By mail. 40 and 70c_ Prussian Remedy Co.. St. Paul Mimn.!^

Hackett's Gape Cure

It's a powder; dust it over the chicks; the chicks inhale it; kills the worm as well as the germ; half pound sample by mail 25c. Dealers and Agents wanted. Special inducements to jobbers.

T. C. HACKETT, Hlllsboro, Md.

THE P UTIIERX PLANTER.

[April,

D* HESS TOCK FS8D

Animal growth and milk production are dependent lor lull development upon a healthy digestion. The hey to the leeder's problem then, is a suitable tonic to prevent derangement ol the digestive organs. Dr. Hess Stock Food is such a tonic. By making the greatest proportion ol lood digestible, it keeps the animal in health, causes rapid growth and a lull measure ol production.

Professors Quitman, Winslow and Finley

Dun endorse tlie ingredients in Dr. Hess

Stock Food. It is the prescription of Dr. Hess

(M. D., D. V. S.) and is sold on a Written

Guarantee.

100 lbs., $5.00\ Except in Canada and

35 lb. pall, 1.60/ extreme West and South

Smaller quantities at a slight advance

Where Dr. Hess Stock Food differs in particular is in the dose—it's small and fed but twice a day, which proves it has the most digestive strength to the pound. Our Government recognizes Dr. Hess Stock Food as a medicinal compound, and this paper is hack of the guarantee.

If your dealer cannot supply you we will.

DR. HESS & CLARK, ASHLAND, OHIO

Also Manufacturers of DR. HESS POULTRT PAN-A-CE-A and INSTANT LOUSE KILLEU.

HORSES

Going Blind. Barry Co., Iowa City, la. Can cur«.

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement.

that time, for his address has been delivered with many whoops ana much waving of the arms. The more action he shows the more eloquent ho is thought to be. I hear of one who is considered a Boanerges because in one year he thumped out one Bible and two hymn books.

When there was a canal through the James river valley, the locks were kept by "poor white trash," and who, in consequence were looked upon by their friends in the back districts quite as men of the world. The lock near farm was kept by an old man and his sons, who never stirred in cold weather except to open and shut their gates. They sat hare-footed among the hot ashes of the hearth, leaving the out-door work to the females of the family, which included the getting and chopping of fire wood.

A gentleman got off the packet boat one night, expecting to be met by a resident friend who, however, had not received his letter. The old keepei hospitably invited him into the lock house, and there being no other resource, the gentleman accepted. The old man ousted several soiled looking children from bed to make room for his guest who, feeling dubious of the cleanliness of his intended resting place, remarked the night was too cold to undress, and the host heartily assented: "That's so, sir. In cold weather taint no use to undress. Why, I ain't taken off my clothes for weeks." The next morning, when the gentleman intimated a wish to wash his face, the old man looked at him sorrowfully as if he discovered he was a fop, but went off and presently returned with a vegetable dish filled with water and with greasy scraps sticking to the sides. Before they parted, the guest reinstated himself in the host's opinion sufficiently to get a valuable piece of advice: "Don't you never get married," he said. "I know a man who got powerfully in the notion once, but he thought he would find out how much it would cost before he began to wait on any girl. He was living to 'hisself, and he sot a plate at t'other end of the table, and every time he helped hisself three times a day he helped that there plate. He never moved it for a solid week, and the sight of vittles piled up thar scared him, and he gin out, he couldn't afford to marry."

' When the Richmond and Alleghany Railroad bought out the canal and built a track along the tow path, there was great commotion in the backwoods. When the news spread that on a certain day the train would make a trial trip as far as New Market, the "poor white trash" arose as one man and resolved to see the sight. By day break the cliffs of Nelson and Buckingham counties were filled with spectators, who arranged themselves among the rocks, with as critical an air as "the four hundred"

I'lliBHiimi

Stockmen and farmers who use the Cooper Dips have healthier animals—get more wool and better prices. More than half the cloth and flannel of the world is made of Cooper dipped wool. Tanks supplied at cost to all users of the Cooper Dips.

il'ii

DUHBEEHlini

The leading sheep dip for 65 years. Used on over 250 million sheep every year. Kills ticks, lice, nits and eggs in one dipping. Does not stain the wool, but increases the yield and improves the quality.

Price-25gal. pkt. 50c; 100 gal, pkt. $2.00.

ffiilJiMHIlll.HIJ

for all animals. A highly concentrated, non-poisonous fluid dip of marvelous strength. Mixes readily with cold water, whether hard, brackish, or salty. The only pure liquid dip—no sediment. Goes farther th;m Coal Tar dips and therefore cheaper. Positive remedy for scab, mange, ticks, lice, ringworm, eczema, sores, bites, stings, etc. One gallon makes 200 gallons lor general dipping, or 3i)0 gallons tor disinfecting. Price—Qt. can 60c; & gal. can $1.00: 1 gal. can $l7i6; 5 gal. can $8.60.

EEEMEEEIEHHa

A sure reinedv Tor intestinal worms in Horse; Sheep, Cattle and Hogs. These tablets offer the great advantage of correct doses and certain results. Dose—one tablet for lamb orshoat; two for sheep or hogs; three for horses and cattle. Price —lOtablots 20c postpaid; bos <-f 100 tablets $1.50postpaid.

COOPER'S "LAVENE"

The most effective skin dressing for Horses. Cattle and Dogs. Cures wor>t case of Mange and Ringworm at one dressing. Searches the skin and attacks the disease at its root. Improves the coat and renders hair soft and glossy. Is used by many of the best breeders in preparing an imals for show.

Price-Quart can SI.00: gal. can $3.00.

COOPER'S TREE SPRAY

Fluids V1 Winter and V 2 Summer have caused a revolution in tree spraying. The^e new and scientifically prepared spray fluids stand alone for the ahsolute destruction of all living insects. eggs, fungi, etc. One gallon makes 100 gallons of wn*h. Price—Gallon can. £3.00.

WHERE THERE IS NO DEALER

If yon live where there is no dealer who can supply you with the Cooper preparations, order from Win. Cooper & Nephews. 177 Illinois St., Chicago, and deduct 10% from any of above prices (Worm Tablets excepted) for freight account.

G. A. KELLY CO.. Pittsburg, Pa., PURCELL, LADD & CO., Richmond, Va., or Wm. Cooper & Nephews, 177 Illinois Street, Chicago

Be Sure

and

Workthe

Horse

HE CAN WORK. EVERY DAY

If you use Bickmore'sGall Cure yourteanis can work right along and be cured of Saddle and Harness Galls,Cnafes, Rope Burns, Cuts, Scratches, Grease Heel, etc. while in harness. The more work the quicker the cure.

BICKMORE'S GALL CURE

is the standard Remedy for all these and similar troubles. Is excellent for Mange and Sore Teats in cows. Above trade mark ison every box of Genuine Bickmore's Gall Cure. For sale by dealers everywhere. Money refunded if it fails. Sample and Horse Book every farmer should read 10c. Biokmore Gall Cure Co., Box935, Old Town, Maine.

-

Woodlawn Poultry Yards

M. B. Turkey (45-pound Tom) Eggs,

$3 per 12.

E. W. JONES NURSERY COMPANY,

VVoodlaTvn, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PiL NTER.

365

Sortie fforjC

Loosen up bis hide and his Intestinal system, purify his blood, drive out the worms, give liiin an appetite and power to digest and get tbe full value of all his feed. You can do all this by the systematic use of

PRUSSIAN

HORSE TONIC

and have your horses strong, healthy and high strung. Mix with feed. Only a small quantity required. 1,200 measures En the big pall. Price only S3.50 prepaid.

Ask your dealer for the standard remedies,

Prussian Spavin Remedy Prussian Heave Powders Prussian Worm Powders Prussian Gal! Salve

Write us what stock you own and we will send you our Horseman's Hand Book Free. Write today.

PRUSSIAN REMEDY CO.

St. Paul, Minn.

feC

JS

MEAT MEAL

85 Per Gent. PROTEIN 7 Per Cent. FAT

IS A

POULTRY FOOD

THAT IS

ECONOMIC,

CLEAN,

PURE.

A SURE

EGG PRODUCER

AND

MEAT BUILDER

The Food

To Feed To Force

The Early Broiler.

SAMPLE ON REQUEST.

SACK 100 LBS - $3 00

RICHMOND ABATTOIR

Box 267. Department M.^ Richmond, Va.

Offices: Sixth and Cary Streets. Send forthe "Rarva" Booklet.

have in their private boxes the opening night of the grand opera. Of course, the train was behind time, but, alter many hours of patient waiting, a rumble was heard and presently an engine and one car puffed slowly in sight with a procession of men and boys walking behind it. The first whistle threw the audience into great alarm, which panic was shared by their "yailer curs," who fled howling. The lock keeper, recovering his presence of mind, and wishing to show himself perfectly familiar with the requirements of railroad service, rushed out and flung his lock gates wide open as though to say: "Open your gates as bigh as the sky and let King George's troops come by."

BOOKS. The Production and Handling of Clean Milk. By Kenelin Winslow, M. D., size 6% by 9%, 207 pages. Illustrated. Price, $2.50, postpaid. Published by William R. Jenkins Co., 851 Sixth Avenue, New York. A conv plete, plain, practical and authoritative guide to the production and distribution of clean milk for farmers, health officers, milk inspectors, students of agriculture and dairying, country gentlemen, physicians, and others interested in matters pertaining to dairying and hygiene. Now that the question of improving the quality of the milk supplied to the cities is receiving so much attention, this book wiM be found a most useful one to all who are engaged in dairying and especially should it be in the hands of those supplying milk for city trade. We can supply it at the publishers' price.

USEFULNESS OF TURPENTINE.

Turpentine will remove wheel-grease, pitch and tar stains.

A few drops added to water in which clothes are boiled will whiten them.

It will exterminate roaches if sprinkled in the place where needed.

Moths will leave if it is sprinkled about.

A few drops on a woolen cloth will clean tan shoes nicely.

Clean gilt frames with a sponge moistened with turpentine.

Ivory knife handles that have become yellow can be restored to their former whiteness by rubbing with turpentine.

Carpets can be cleaned and colors restored by going over them occasionally with a broom dipped In warm water to which a little turpentine Is added.

An equal mixture of turpentine and linseed oil will remove white marks from furniture caused by water.

Moisten your stove-blacking with turpentine and it wll not burn off as readily.

Turpentine and soap will remove Ink stains from linen.

You Can't Talk

it too strong. What? = Gombault's —J]

Caustic Balsam

As a Liniment

For the Human Body

Springfield. 0., Sept. 19, 1904.

Lawrence-Williams Co.,Cleveland,0.—Lewis Evelsiz-er, Urbana, R. P. D., a farmer.had a bad cancer on back of hie hand. When I first saw it he was on his way to havo his hand amputated. I persuaded him to first try GOMBAULT'S CAUSTIC BALSAM, which he did, and on second application could rest well at night—the first for weeks. In less than three months he was at work onthefarm. He will certify to this statement over his signature. Then Mr. Jenkins, storekeeper and postmaster at Seth, 0., had a bad cancer on his cheek-bone. I saw him at a grange meeting and told him to use CAUSTIC BALSAM twice a day, rubbing it in for five or ten minutes. In three months it was healed over and is now all sound. These two are all that I have the address of just now. I have had CAUSTIC BALSAM used on old shin sores. One man had walked with crutches for more than a year, and several pieces of bone had come out. I persuaded him to try CAUSTIC BALSAM, and today you would not know he was ever lame. Then, it is a sure cure for piles, using it with Bweet oil. I could tell of dozens of cases where I have induced diflerent ones to use CAUSTIC BALSAM. I have been the means ot more than fifty bottles being bought, because I know just what it will do. You can't talk it up strong enough. I wish you success.

R. L. HOLMAN, In charge Co-operative Work of Ohio State Grang».

Price $1 .SO per bottle. Sold by druggists, or sent by us express prepaid. Write for Booklet H.

The LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS COMPANY. Cleveland. 0.

No matter how old the blemish, how lame the horse, or how many doctors have tried and failed, use

Fleming's Spavin and Ringbone Paste

Use it under our guarantee — your money refunded If It doesn't make the horse eo sound. Most cases cured by a single 45-minute application —occasionally two required. Cures Bone Spavin, Eingbone and Sidebone, new and old cases alike. Wot used on soft bunches. Write for

Fleming's Vest-Pocket Veterinary Adviser

Best book on blemishes, and we send It free. Read it before you treat any kind of lameness in horses. 192 pages, 69 illustrations, durably bound in leatherette. FLEMING BROS., Chemists, 880 Union Stock Sards, Chicago, HL

m sQ

RBINE

Cures Strained Puffy Ankles, Lymphangitis, Bruises * n <l Swellings, i. am en ess and Allays Fain Quickly without Blistering, removing the hair, or laying the horse up. Pleasant to use. 82.00 per bottle, delivered with full directions. Book 5-C, free.

£ BSORBINE, JK., for man-kind, 01.00 Bottle. Cures Strains, Gout, Varicose Veins, Varicocele, Hydrocele, Prostatitis, kills pain. V. F. YOUNG, P.D.F.. 109 Monmouth St., Springfield.Mass.

DEATH TO HEJ.VES

NEWTOS'S Heave, Congb.DT*. temper and Indigestion Cure.

A veterinary Remedy forwind, *.hroat and stomach troubles. Strong recommends. SI.00 per can,of dealers, orexp. prepaid. The Newton Remedy Co. Toledo, Ohio.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

Few choice "White Holland and Mammoth Bronze Toms at reduced prices, and they are extra large fine birds. Turkey Eggs of both breeds at $4 per dozen or $7.50 for two dozen. Hens all sold of the White Hollands. Few extra fine Bronze Hens at $4 each.

Pure-Bred Chickens.—I have few Black Spanish Cockerels left at $2 each; S. C. Black Minorcas; White, Black and Buff Orpingtons—as fine as they grow and at bargain prices if ordered at once. Have Buff Orpington Cockerels weighing 8 to 10 pounds each at $2.50 each or $6 for three. White Orpingten Cockerels, $2.50 each. Barred, White and Buff Plymouth Rock Cockerels; White, Buff and Brown S. C. Leghorns; White and Silver Wyandottes, Rose and Single Comb Rhode Island Reds—all strictly pure bred—at prices that are right. I have a few Trios of extra good Silver Wyandotte birds at $6 trio—and they are worth twice that. Single Silver Wyandotte Cockerels, also Golden Wyandotte Cockerels, at $2 to $3 each. Eggs for hatching of nil of the breeds named above, and in addition Light llrnhmiis, at $1.50 to $2.50 per 15. Special prices in lots of 50 and 100. I have some fine Light Brahma birds at $2.50' to $3 for Cockerels and $2 to $2.50 for extra good Pullets and Hens. Also Silver Spangled Hamburgs and Indian Games. I have some fine Pekin and Rouen Ducks at $2 to $3 each. Duck Eggs of both breeds at $2 per 15 or $10 per 100. Incubator Eggs in lots of 100 to 500 at special prices, according to breed and time of shipment.

PURE-BRFD SHEEP.

Now is the time to order your Rams and Ram and Ewe Lambs to secure pick of flock at lowest prices. I have some grand coming 2-year-old Shropshire, Dorset and Southdown Rams, also yearling Rams and Ram and Ewe Lambs. Write to-day and engage what you want in the sheep line and have same shipped when ready. PURE-BRED HOGS.

I have some very fine Bred Sows and Service Boars of Poland-Chinas, Berkshires, Chester Whites, Duroc-Jerseys and Tamworth. Fine lot of Fancy Spring Pigs soon ready for shipment of all breeds, so send along your orders and have them shipped soon as ready. I also have some fine 4, 5 and 6-months-old Boars and Gilts—all strictly pure bred and eligible to registry. I also have Yorkshire Pigs that will be ready for shipment In a few weeks. Do not delay, but order at once. Satisfaction guaranteed and references furnished. Address JAMES M. HOBBS,

No. 1521 Mount Royal Avenue, BALTIMORE, MD.

HINTS BY MAY MANTON. Every woman likes to own a variety of shirt waists and plain simple ones, such as this make an important feature in the collection, Linen Madras and a variety of inexpensive wash fabrics are worn at all seasons of the year, while the model also suits the taffeta and the wash flannels and the still lighter wools, such as cashmere, which are so serviceable during the colder months. The roll-over collar and the three-quarter sleeves are ideally comfortable and are very apt to be becoming, but this season that style and the plain one with stock collar and long regulation sleeves are equally correct and the model provides both. Also it is closed in a distinctive manner, the two box plaits meeting at the front edge and allowing effective use of buttons.

5890 Shirt Waist or Blouse, 32 to 40 bast.

To Be Made With Roll Over or Stock

Collar, Three-Quarter or Full-

Length Sleeves.

The waist is made with the fronts and back. When the roll-over collar is used it is joined to the neck and if the stock collar is used the neck is finished with a band the collar made separately and closed at the back. The sleeves are of moderate fulness. Those of three-quarter length are gathered into bands to which the cuffs are joined, but the long ones are finished with openings, overlaps and cuffs.

The quantity of material required for the medium size is 4 yards 21 or

WHITE WYAND0T1ES S. C. BUFF ORPINGTONS

The Winning Kind—the Laying Kind.

That we have the goods, is evidenced by the fact that we won the Sliver Cup for best display, 9 first, 7 second and 1 third on 20 entries, and 8 specials and all National \V. Wyandotte Club Ribbons at Herndon Poultry Show, January, 1908. Our breeding pens contain our prize winners.

Eggs—$2 for 15, $5 for 45. Write for mating list, which will convince you of the quality in our pens.

We guarantee 75 per cent, fertility, and a square deal.

HUTCHISON & HEITMUELLER,

Two Breeds. Two Farms.

Two Specialists.

Members Herndon Poultry Association and National W. Wyandotte Club. Herndon, Virginia.

TAYLOR'S

WHITE WYANDOTTE EGGS

Can sell a limited quantity from my blue ribbon stock, $1.25 for 15, $2 for 30, $3.25 for 50 and $5 for 100. Orders booked as received.

WHITE HOLLAND TURKEY EGGS. From winners at Jamestown, Virginia State Fair and Virginia Poultry Association Show, $3 for 15. Only a few more clutches left that I can sell. Therefore, those who want the best will kindly write at once.

WHITE MUSCOVY DUCK EGGS. Also from winners at Jamestown, Virginia Poultry Association and Virginia State Fair—have always taken the blue. Eggs at 20 cents each.

Write your wants. Correspondence a pleasure.

R. RANDOLPH TAYLOR, Hickory Bottom Poultry Farm, Negro-foot, Va., R. F. D. No. 2, Beaver I)am, Va.

Eggs For Hatching

From blue ribbon winners at Virginia State Fair and Virginia Poultry Association. Strictly first-class stock and matings of the following varieties: Silver Laced, White and Partridge Wyandottes; S. C. Rhode Island Reds.

$1.50 per 15.

$8 per 100.

ELLERS0N POULTRY YARDS,

j7*W. Quarles, Prop., Ellerson, Va.

w

HITE YANDOTTES

Exclusively.—Bred for Busin««s

As well as standard qualities. 'Will please the farmer as well as tha fancier. Eggs from choice pens, li, $1.26; 30, $2. Satisfaction guaranteed. Circular free.

J. H. VODER, DENBIGH, VA.

EGGS FOR SALE

From PureWhlte Plymouth Reeka, 91 per ■ittina- of IS, and Whit* Pakla Ducks, $1 for 19.

..▲(areas MRS. L. B. WILLIAM*,.. B, F. D. 4, LouUa, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

367

Valley Farm

(RINGLET)

Barred Plymouth Rocks

Quality, not quantity. S. C. B. LEGHORNS.

First prize at Harrisonburg. Eggs from my choicest matings, $1.60 and $2.50 per IB; Incubator Eggs, $7 CHARLES C. WINE, per 100.

Circular Free. M«. Sidney, Va.

"RINGLET"

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS

EXCLUSIVELY. E. B. Thompson's celebrated strain. Bred for high quality, not quantity. My winning at Virginia Poultry Association Show, Richmond, prove it. First and third prize Cock, first and third prize Hen, and first prize Pen and Association's special for best display in Barred Rocks. My birds cannot be excelled in egg production, size, vigor and beauty. Grand yards mated for 1908 egg season. They will produce results that will please you. Eggs from best yards, $3 per 15; next best, $2 per 15, $4 per 30. Satisfaction guaranteed.

Address LESLIE H. McCUE, Box 4, Afton, Va.

BARRED

24, 3% yards 32 or 2 yards 44 inches wide.

The pattern 5890 is cut in sizes for a 32, 34, 36, 38 and 40 inch bust measure.

The bishop dress is always a becoming one for the little girls and can be made simply from plain material or more elaborately from flouncing, as liked, and consequently it suits almost all occasions. This model also allows a choice of high or low neck and of long or short sleeves and is just as attractive and dainty as well can be. In the illustration Persian lawn is combined with embroidery, but in the back view the dress is shown made of flouncing with the sleeves of plain material, also it can be made with a hemstitched edge, as the skirt portion is straight and suits such treatment admirably well. All the pretty lawns and similar materials used for little girls' dresses are appropriate and for the older girls the model also is attractive made of the light weight wools that make such serviceable dresses for every-day wear.

Plymouth Rock

Pulleta and Yearling Hens, bred from trap-nested stock, for sale at reasonable price*. Eggs In hatching season.

R. S. SHOWALTKR, Dale Enterprise, Va.

Cockerels at head of flock from hen A-26. laid 266 eggs, Sire B-14 from hen A-21, laid 271 eggs per year.

BARRED ROCK EGGS.

At the Virginia State Fair, 1907, In a class of 83, my Rocks won 3rd Ck., Srd Ckl.. and 2nd pen. At the recent show at Richmond In a class of 70, they won 1st., 3rd., 4th., and 6th Ckl.; 2nd and 8rd Pullet, 2nd and 4th pen. I am now booking orders for Eggs from choice matings. Let me have your orders. I guarantee to please you. A few choice Cockerels yet. CHARLIE BROWN, Route 1, Cnrtersvllle, Va.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS

EXCLUSIVELY.

Yard headed by some world renowned prize-winning blood.

Eggs from strong, healthy, beautifully Barred, farm-raised birds, unexcelled in laying qualities, size, vigor and beauty, selling at farmers' prices— $1.25 for 15 or $2 for 30. Toulouse Geese Eggs, $1.25 for 7, $2 for 14.

JOHN MAHANES, Trevillun, Va.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS

(Hawkins Strain) S. C. White Leghorns (Wyckoff strain), S. C. Brown Leghorns (Blltmore strain), S. C. Buff Leghorns, Mammoth Bronze Turkeys, Mammoth Pekin Ducks.

Stock and Eggs for sale. Satisfaction w id e with three-eighths yard of all-guaranteed. I ovpl . embroidery and 2% yards of MARION POITLTRY^ YARDS, Marlon, | Jgj™ 0 » *%£ of flouncing 24

EDGEHILL POULTRY FARM, V. H. DICKINSON, PROP.,

Lnray, Va.

Eggs for hatcu-

ing from the following higti. scoring birds.: Dunston strain White Wyandotte, Silvej-Laced ana Partridge Wy a n d o t t e> Biltmore Haired Plymouth Rocks, B u £ and White Plymon t k. Rocks; Whitman strali. Brown Lea-hem, Cornisk. man strain Brown Leghorn, Bun 1 and White Leghorn, Cornish Indian Games.. Buff Orpington, R. C. R. I. Reds; Northup strain Black Minorca*. Price, $1 for 15. Special prices for large quantities. A few choice Trios for sale. Cockerels, $1 to $1.25; Pullets, $1. Satisfaction guaranteed.

5903 Child's Bishop Dress, 1, 2, 4 and 0 years. To Be Made With High or Low Neck Long or Short Sleeves.

The dress consists of the yoke, the dress and the sleeves. The sleeves are joined to the dress and the two are gathered together and joined to the yoke. The closing is made at the

The quantity of material required for the medium size (4 years) is 3% yards 24, 2 yards, 36 or 44 inches

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS.

Fine large fowls, correct in plumage crossed with prize-winners of Thom|»-son and Bradley strain. Cockerels. $1.50 to $2. Yearling Hens, $1.50; le-Months Pullets, $1.26; Eggs, $1, p« sitting, $1.50 per two.

Imperial Pekin Ducks—large, health? birds—Drakes, $1.60; Ducks, $l.li Eggs, $1 per sitting; $1.50 for two.

Mammoth Bronze Turkeys, Natloaa? Strain, unusually fine this year; beautiful plumage. Eggs, $3 per dose*. Orders filled promptly. Mrs. R. E. WILHOIT, Somerset, Va,

'eggs, eggs, eggs.

If you are interested in Barred P. Bocks, Buff Wyandottes, Rose Cosafe R. I. Reds, Golden Wyandottes, S. C< White Leghorns, Silver Wyandotte* Mammoth Bronze Turkeys, write to nu before placing your order for Eggs o& Fowls. Catalogue free.

ALTA VISTA POULTRY PARK.

Mrs. R. B. Fray, Prop.,

Advance Mills, Va.

Barred Plymouth Rock

Eggs for Hatching from Choice 8--year-old Hens, descended from 236-Egg Trap-Nest Record Stock, mate* to Park's April-hatched Cockerels, Price $1 per 15; $5 per 100. No baiter bred-to-lay B. P. Rocks in tail country.

FRED. B. JONES, Gloucester, Vs.

BARRED ROCKS

Hens and Pullets mated with first and second prize Cockerels at Virginia State Fair, 1907. No better or finer matings. Size, markings and laying qualities the best. Eggs, 75 cents for 15, $4 per 100. Send check, postal or express money order.

MRS. WILLIAM P. BURKS, Route Me. 1, Bedford City, Va.

EGGS EGGS EGGS

W. Holland Turkey, 26c. each; B. Plymouth Rock, $1 per 15, $1.50 per SO; Toulouse Goose Eggs, from large matured stock, 30c. each; Indian I miner Duck Eggs $1 per 11.

My birds are of the best breeding, large In size, good layers and correct in plumage. Give me an order and you will be convinced as to their excellent laying qualities of my birds. Satisfaction guaranteed. Have a few B. P. Rock Cockerels for sale. Mrs. M. F. GOOCH, Somerset, Oranx* County, Va.

r|

368

THE SOUTHEKX PLAXTER.

[April!

THBDEAD LINE a

JLi^l

•^m

v« £ tJM^r Beware

?^T of the

"dead line"

in the poultry

Hyj^ business. When

X 1 ' V> ■"•'■'-'%idr y° ,lr hens are

|i, ^'"'"J'^afP^ droopy and your

^' " fewr chickens dying because

S^jjt^T °^ ^ ce ' ' ts t ' lue t0 re " IfrajJEr or g ailize and take a fresh ^ start. Lice cost poultry-men thousands of dollars ayear—dollars that might easily be saved by a simple resort to a sure remedy.

Insfiint Louse Killer

kills lice so thoroughly and effectually that one application will most likely end your trouble. Instant Louse Killer is the formula of Dr. Hess (M.D., D.V.S.), and destroys lice on horses and cattle, ticks on sheep, cabbage worms, rose slugs and bugs on melon, squash and cucumber vines. It is also an excellent disinfectant and deodorizer. .Comes in shaker-top cans, hence easy to apply, because you can dust it over roosts, nests and platforms in a few moments' time. See that the word ''Instant" is on the can—none other is genuine.

Sold on a written guarantee,

1 lb. 25C. } Except in Canada *» »»- nn. r and extreme 3 IDS. bOC. j West and South

If your dealer cannot supply you, we will send i lb. by mail or express, prepaid, for 35c.

Tlanuiactured by

DR. HESS & CLARK, Ashlanci, Ohio.

Barred Plymouth Rocks, Rhode Inland Reds, Brown Leghorn*,

Mammoth Pekln Backs.

Eggs at 7Sc. par 16; 14 per 199; Duck Eggs, $1 per IS; R. I. Red Eggs, *1 per 15; Buff Cochin Bantam Eggs, 6«. each. Few nice Leghorn and R. I. Red Cockerels, $1 to $2 each.

JOSHUA COOPER, Surry, Va.

Eggs For Hatching.

FROM NOTED WINNING STRAINS.

Barred Plymouth Rocks, $1 per 15;

Mammoth Pekln Ducks, $1.50 per 15.

Lower rates made on larger numbers.

A few choice M. B. Turkeys, Ducks

and Cockerels for sale.

Leslie B. Kline, Vanclnse, Va.

8. C. BROWN LEGHORNS, WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS.

HEAVY LAYERS.

Eggs *1 Per 15.

WHITING'S POULTRY YARDS,

Harmony Village, Middlesex Co., Ya.

inches wide with half yard of plain material 36 inches wide.

These patterns will be mailed to any address by the Fashion Department of this paper on receipt of ten cents.

REPORTS. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Office of the Secretary. Circular 26. The Adulteration and Misbranding of Alfalfa, Red Clover and Grass Seeds.

Report of the Secretary of Agriculture on the Southern Applachian and White Mountain water sheds.

Farmers' Bulletin 314. A method of breeding early cotton to escape bool-weevil damage.

Farmers' Bulletin 316. Experiment Station work; winter killing of peach buds; color of apples; supplement to corn for hogs; hoppers for poultry feeding, etc.

Bureau of Animal Industry. Circular 124. Suggestions for horse and mule raising in the South.

Office of Experiment Stations. Experiment Station Record, Vol. XIX., No. 5.

Office of Experiment Stations. Bulletin 195. Simple exercises illustrating some applications of chemistry to agriculture.

Forest Service. Circular 127. Forest tables; Western yellow pine.

Forest Service. Circular 128. Preservation of piling against marine wood borers.

Forest Service. Circular 136. The seasoning and preservative treatment of arbervitae poles.

Forest Service. Circular 139. A primer of wood preservation.

Forest Service. Circular 140. What Forestry has done.

Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulletin 102, Part VII. A new method for the determination of nicotine in tobacco.

Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulletin 105. The relation of the composition of the leaf to the burning qualities of tobacco.

Bureau of Plant Industry. Bulletin 121, Part III. Results of Loco weed investigations in the field.

Bureau of Soils. Bulletin 50. Moisture content and physical condition of soils. Report of the Secretary of the Interior for the fiscal year 1907. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Agriculture. Farmers' Bulletin 15. Tobacco growing in the Philipines. Arizona Experiment Station, Tucson, Arizona. Bulletin 56. The scale insects of the Date Palm; the extermination of Date Palm scale. Illinois Experiment Station, Urbana, 111. Bulletin 119. Type and variability in corn.

Bulletin 120. Milk supply of Chicago and twenty-six other cities.

NI?W FARM

White Plymouth Rocks

Best stock FISCHEL strain 4 Eggs $1.00 per setting; No birds lor sale.

A few HAMPSHIRE PIGS also The black hog" with white belt. Prices reasonable,* S. M. GEYE3, Manager, Norfo k & Wes'ern Ry. Farm, Ivor, Va.

fcSgf^* 1 "CirginU and Whipping;

White RocKs

Fishel strain. Ten years experience*

back of the breeding. Pine Cocekrel«4

at right prices. Eggs $2 per sitting?. -

J. C. JOHNSON, Box S, Academy,

West Virginia.

White PlymovitH Rochs! V

At Herndon Show-—"Clean Sweep."

Have mated first Cockerel with first Hen, first pen and second Pullet from this show. Can spare few eggs from this pen—$2 for 15—guaranteeing fertility. My stock is excellent.

C. M. WALKER, HERNDON, VA.

Secretary of Herndon Poultry Association.

REiDEKS FINE

g Poultry Catalogue

for 1908 is larger ond better than ever, m

Tells all about pure-bred poultry and J

illustrates GO varieties. Contains 10 11

beautiful cliroruos of leading breeds—M

pretty enongb to fram<. Tci sc: best Louse , j

Killer, how to cure diseases, make money.'I

Only lOe r>o6tuaid. Send to-day lor a copy.jfl

B. If. C REISER, Kueeras, Pa. '

. EGGS FOR SALE

From Pure-Bred Brown S. C. Leg-] horns and S. C. Rhode Island Reds, Prize-Winners, at Hagerstown, Fred-1 erlck, Rockville, and Washlngtoa I

Poultry Shows. I can also f urnlsk I Eggs from Fine Pens of Barred Ply-mouth Rocks and Black Javas. Writ* I to-day for prices, and address

J. M. HEAGY, Rockville, Md.

SPRING BROOM POULTRY FARM, Cnlpeper, Va., H. H. Scott, Prep.

Breeder of Northup strain Black Mlnorcas, Whitman strain of Brow» Leghorns, and the best Silver-Lace* Wyandottes. Have been breeding Black Mlnorcas six years, always with taa best type In view. Stock and Eggs la season at very moderate prices, considering the quality. Writ* m« fo» prices and full particulars.

Rhode Island Red

—AND—

BARREB PLYMOUTH ROCK

Eggs, 15 for $1, 30 for $1.76, 59 f«» $2.50. Pure-bred and strictly first-class.

C. L. BLAlfTON, McBnff, Va.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

369

— FERN HI LL POULTRY

&* LBREEDERSOFAR1STOCRATSIONLY.'

BARR EDTPTYMtTuTH^^recTKST^ BLACK MINORCAS. STC. BROWN LEGHORNS S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS

For fifteen years I have bred these birds on my farm with free range. They have constitutions; are essentially aristocrat egg-shellers; have, and can. hold their own against the arrogant boast of any blue-ribbon winners. Have won prizes running from first to fourth, wherever shown. Highest scoring male, female and ten highest scoring fowls in the show. Never had better quality nor more vigorous utility. A few cockerels of each variety at $2.50 each, all strictly first-class birds. Shipped on approval.

Eggs $1.50 Per Sitting, $6 Per 100; Minorca Eggs 97 Per 100. Address J. WALLACE SNELLING, R. F. D. 1, MANCHESTER, VA.

(Yards, Stop 9, Richmond-Petersburg Trolley.)

ESTABLISHED 1893.

Kansas Experiment Station, Manhattan, Kan. Press Bulletin 159. Green Bug. Plan for eradicating animal tuberculosis. Louisiana Experiment Station, Baton Rouge, La. Bulletin 99. Japanese persimmons. Maryland Experiment Station, College Park, Md. Bulletin 121. The beef cattle industry of Maryland. Bulletin 122. Stable manure experiments. Bulletin 123. San Jose Scale and Peach Lecanium. Massachusetts Experiment Station, Amherst, Mass. Bulletin 118. Molasses and molasses feeds for farm stock. Bulletin 119. Inspection of commercial fertilizers. Minnesota Experiment Station, St. Anthony Park, Minn. Bulletin 102. Soil investigations. Bulletin 103. Dissemination of tuberculosis by the manure of infected cattle. Missouri Experiment Station, Columbia, Mo. Bulletin 76. Fattening cattle for market. Nebraska Experiment Station, Lincoln, Neb. Bulletin 103. The bud root of carnations. Press Bulletin 27. Losses from corn stalk disease. North Dakota Experiment Station, Fargo, N. D. Bulletin 70. Paints and their composition. South Carolina Experiment Station, Clemson College, S. C. Bulletin 134. The San Jose Scale. Virginia State Board of Crop Pest Commissioners, Blacksburg. Sixth report of the State Entomologist and Plant Pathologist, 1906-'07. Circular 4. Yellows and some other important diseases of the peach. Circular 5. Lime sulphur for use against San Jose Scale.

EGGS!

SEE. MY

PRICES.

£u«WH'iu>Hf>^a

BARRED AND WHITE PLYMOUTH ROCKS, WHITE AND SILVER LACED WYANDOTTES, AND WHITE AND BROWN LEGHORNS, BLACK LANGSHANS, ONLY $1.20 FOR 15 OR $C PER 100.

R. C. and S. C. Rhode Islands Reds, Rhode Island Whites, S. C. Buff Orpingtons, R. and S. C. Black Minorcas, S. C. Buff Leghorns, $1.30 per 15; $6.50 per 100. All Eggs from high-scoring birds, bred to lay—the money-making kind—thirty other breeds. My big catalogue tells all about them.

JOHN E. HEATWOLE, Box L, Harrisonburg, Va.

WOODRSDGE POULTRY YARDS.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS, direct Bradley Bros. Strain. BUFF WYANDOTTES, RHODE ISLAND REDS, BUFF ORPINGTONS, WHITE AND BROWN LEGHORNS AND BUFF WYANDOTTES.

We have won more than our share of premiums on our fowls, and shly all stock on approval. We can furnish eggs in 100 or 1,000 lots. FREE

REGISTERED SCOTCH COLLIES FOR SALE ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE.

J. S. YOUNG, 1110 EAST MAIN STREET, RICHMOND, VA.

I Superior Tritp Nests.

Are the most practical, reliable and inexpensive. Breed from your best layers, cull out the drone hen. Write for price list.

Breeder of White Wyandottes that have quality—unequaled egg shellers— winners wherever shown. Eggs, $2.50 per 15, $4 for 30, $5.50 for 45. <City Address) R. O. BERGER, 16 N. Twentieth St., Richmond, Vn.

Glenview Orpingtons.

S. C, BUFFS EXCLUSIVELY.

My breeding pens this year Include all my Richmond winners. Eggs will be shipped from nothing but the best. $2.50 per sitting of 15.

B. S. HORNE, KESWICK, VA.

Eoderly" Poultry Yards

S. C. Brown and Whit* Leghorns Exclusively.

I can fill orders promptly with strictly fresh eggs at the following prices: $1.50 psr 15, $2.50 for SO, $3.(« for 50 eggs or $6 psr 100. For further information address Mrs. Jas. Rnssell Early, Borneo, Va.

S. Cs W. LEGHORNS.

WINNERS WHEREVER SHOWN. 4,048 Eggs from 40 Hens from December to July, 1907—7 months.

EGGS AND STOCK FOR SALS. The hen that lays is the hen that

pays.

W. R. TODD, 426 North Sixth Strsst,

Richmond, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[ApriL

Good Eggs for Hatching

■Jingle Comb Brown Leghorn Eggs, tl for 15, $6 per 100, $50 per 1,000.

Single Comb White Leghorn Eggs, SI.50 for 15, $8 per 100.

Single Comb Buff Orpington Eggs, (2 for 15.

Vhite Holland Turkey Eggs, $2.50 •or 10, $10 for 50.

send orders for Orpington and Turkey Eggs to Mrs. Cal Husselman.

We guarantee fresh fertile eggs, full ;»unt, safe delivery and pure stock Tom eggs from each breed. We can-lot guarantee the hatch. We ship from llichmond. Do not send private check. Oo not waste time in writing for dis-rounts. We can fill orders promptly.

CAL HUSSELMAN,

S, F. D. 1, Highland Springs, Va.

S. C. BROWN LEGHORNS

Brace's strain o S New York. Hens In mj best pen are from Mr Warren's birds. Prize winners at Virginia State Fair, 1907; Jamestown show, 1907; great Richmond show, 1908 Cocks direct from Mr. Brace's best pullet-bred M pen, that took first prize at Madison Square show, Nev.

'•rk, last year. Eggs from this pen

(2.60 per 15. Eggs from nice birds.

II per 15; $1.75 per 30; $2.76 per 50;

«5 per 100.

EVERGREEN FARMS, Rice Depot, Vn. BYRD'S

S. C. B. Leghorns.

Inclusively. Pens headed by Straw-sorry Hill Cockerels. Eggs for hatch-ng at very reasonable prices. Place reur orders with us for best results; :hey will receive our careful and jrompt attention. Address UEVEL GREEN POULTRY YARDS, Drewry's Bluff, Va.

EGGS! EGGS!

3trictly fresh and 'ertile Eggs from pure-->red S. C. Brown Leghorns. Great layers tnd prize winners, $1 'or 16, $6 per 100. Satisfaction guaranteed.

JAN. C. MOFFITT, ffJt^M

Home 1, Rnniseur, N. C.

Orders now]Being Booked,

—FOR—

i. C. B. Leghorn Eggs $1 for 15

Buff Rock Eggs $1 for 15

?ekin Duck Eggs $1 for 11

W. H. Turkey Eggs $2 for 9

Stock of Abo-re Breeds for Sale.

LAUREL, HILL POULTRY FARM,

Roxbury, Va.

PURE-BRED

Eggs For Hatching

FROM LARGE, VIGOROUS STOCK. Toulouse Goose Eggs, $1.50 per 6. S. C. Black Minorcas, $1 per 15.

J. A. HICKS, Highland Springs, Va.

Virginia Section Weather Service, Richmond, Va. Annual summary, 1907. Virginia School Repfort, 1905-'06, 1906-'07. Superintendent of Public Instruction, Richmond, Va. Wisconsin Experiment Station, Madison, Wis. Bulletin 153. Portable hog houses.

Bulletin 154. A creamery method for the determination of water in butter.

Bulletin 155. The distribution of stallions in Wisconsin.

Bulletin 156. A simple test for casein in milk and its relation to the dairy industry.

Special Bulletin. Tuberculosis of domestic stock and its control.

Special Bulletin. The seeding, growing and curing of alfalfa. Indiana, Purdue Experiment Station, Lafayette, Ind. Twentieth annual report. Kentucky Experiment Station, Lexington, Ky. Bulletin 130. *The food of the crow blackbird—the corn, root worms.

MAGAZINES.

Of specially notable interest in the April Century is the discussion of "The Age of Mental Virility," by W. A. Newman Dorland, M. D., who presents in this paper the main results of three years' investigation into the records of achievement of the world's chief workers and thinkers. The conclusions set forth are based upon the careful compilation and analysis of four hundred records of men famous in various lines of intellectual activity. Dr. Dorland's records indicate fifty as the average age for the performance of the mas-terwork.

The feature beautiful of the April issue is the second of Robert Hichens' series, in which "The Spell of Egypt" is caught and portrayed for sympathetic readers by the author's text and by the paintings of Jules Guerin. Denderah and Karnak— Karnak, whose notes are "triumph and deathless peace, the bugle call and silence"—hold the spell this month, the three color pages showing the Great Temple of Karnak, the Sacred Lake at aKrnak, and the Temple of Hathor.

A paper of authority and interest is a discussion of "The Instinct of Animals," by Benjamin Kidd. The author of "Social Evolution" and "Principles of Western Civilization" has made a study of animal instincts and animal intelligence for over twenty years, and presents many interesting and suggestive facts. He concludes: "There is to be observed everywhere throughout life one definite upward line of development— namely, the rising curve which marks the ascent of mind."

With all the many good things in

iSTRICTLY FRESH EGG*

a specialty. I guarantee my eggj fresh; have used the greatest care t< have them fertile from pure-bred carefully-selected stock. My breeding birds are well developed, large healthy, good bone with handsome plumage.

Eggs for sale from the folowlng) varieties: Mammoth Bronze Turkeys) White Holland Turkeys, Half-Wilt from Bronze Cross, $3 per dozen; Line Bred Barred Plymouth Rocks, $1 pelt 15, $1.50 for 30; Mammoth Pekli Ducks $1 per 11, White African Guineas $1 per 18. I guarantee 75 pes' cent, eggs fertile seventh day test. J postal will bring you my 1908 circular giving full description of my stocl and prices.

E. F. SOMMERS, Somerset, Va.

Wilmont EGGS Wilmon

Tompkins' strain of S. C. R. I. Red* at $1.60 per 15.

DeGraff & Shove strain of S. C. R. ] Reds and Bradley strain of B. P. Rock' at $1 for 15. Three sittngs for $2.6(

A Niagara Hydraulic Ram, No. ( never been used, for sale.

Satisfaction Always Guaranteed.

Mrs. F. E. WILLIAMS, CharlottesvlUfl

Virginia.

BELMONT POULTRY FARM.

Eggs for hatchini from White, Bull ant Brown Leghorns; Bal red, W T hite and Bufi Plymouth Rocks; Whit. and Silver WyandotteiJ R. C. Rhode Islam Reds, S. C. Bind' Minorcas. Eggs, $1 fo: 15. Special prices foH large quantities. A fevf choice Trios for sale. 1 L. W. NICHOLS, Luray, Vn. fl

Eggs. Fresh. Fertile*

Guarantee safe delivery and gootj hatch. Eggs from fine, large, heavyd weight breeders in M. Bronze Turkeys? headed by prize Tom. Also WhitM Orpington, White Wyandotte, Barren] Rock Eggs for hatching from besti hens of prize matings and leading strains. Few Barred Rock Cockerel:] yet. My aim to please. Write and try) MISS C. L. SMITH, Landor Poultry Yards, Croxton, Va. J

Rose and Single Comb

RHODE ISLAND REDS

White Wyandottes, B. I Rocks and S. C. B. Leg horn Eggs for hatchinii at $1 per 15, $1.75 pe i 30, $2.75 per 50, $5 pel 100. R. C. R. I. Re. and White Wyandott Eggs by the 100 for in j cubators on s h o r I notice. VALLEY VIEW POULTRY YARDSJ J. D. Gllck, Proprietor, Box 41, Route 1, Dayton, Va.

Carolina Poultry Farm l

C. H. PETTIGREW, Proprietor, Route 5. Reidsvllle, N. C. Eggs for hatching, $1 per IB, $1 per 106. White and Barred Plymontl Rocks, Rose and Single Comb R. I Reds, Single Comb White, Brown ant! Buff Leghorns, Partridge Wyandottes Buff Orpingtons and Single Com! Black Minorcas-

SATISFACTION GUARANTEED.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

373

SYSONBY GARDENS, PETERSBURG, VA.

SPECIAL FOR 30 DAYS

We are going to sell Eggs from our special breeding pens of Barred, Buff and White Plymouth Rocks, A. C. Hawkins, Bradley or Fishel's strains, at $1.00 per sitting; White Leghorns at 75 cents per sitting. Here is a chance Mail your order at once. We will ship the day you say. All Eggs guaranteeed to be true to color. Fifteen hundred Young Chicks for sale from 15 to 25 cents each. Fifty S. C. White Leghorn Pullets for sale, $10 per dozen. Incubator Eggs $5 per 100. All letters cheerfully answered.

SYSONBY GARDENS, Inc. T Sam McEwen, Mgr., Petersburg, Va.

ROSE-COMB

Rhode Island Reds

EXCLUSIVELY.

Best general purpose fowl known, having beauty, size, hardiness, quick maturity, egg producers in winter and small eaters. Eggs for hatching from prize-winning stock. Book your orders early. First come first served. ; Last year the demand

■i for my stock was so great I could fill only half the orders for March, April and May. MISS LOUISE V« SPENCER, Black-stone, Va. Member of Rhode Island Red Club.

S.C.

RHODE

ISLAND

REDS

Bryant's strain of Massachusetts. Eggs from best pen—birds that are red to the skin and free from smut—$2.50 per 15. Eggs from nice birds, $1 per 15, $1.75 per 30, $2.75 per 50, $5 per 100. EVERGREEN FARMS, Rice Depot, Va.

SINGLE COMB

Rhode Island Red

Eggs from my pen of 10 hens, headed by the cockerel that took premium at State Fair, $2.50 per 15.

Eggs from three pens of beautiful utility fowls, headed by cockerel just as good as the premium bird, but hens not so even colored, $1.50 per 15. NO BETTER BIRDS OR LAYERS IN

THE STATE. A. R. VENABLE, Jr., Farmville, Va.

PURE-BRED R. C.

RHODE 1*1111) IED

0 Eggs for hatching. Prices to please.

Correspondence invited. Miss Mamie H. Herbert, Route 2, Blackstone, Va.

BURRED PLYMOUTH ROCK

Eggs for hatching, 15 for $1. Strong

and healthy. No better layers nor

Utility fowls. No other fowls on farm.

WILLIAM B. LEWIS, Route No. 1,

Blackstone, Va.

St. Nicholas, it seems often as if the St. Nicholas League were hest of all, especially now that each month brings "The Album of the League." The April issue has reproductions of the photographs of sixteen young people who have been gold badge winners, some of whom have outgrown the League and are now contributors to grown-up periodicals. Month after month, the verse, the prose sketches, the drawings, the photographs, and the puzzles submitted are of fresh interest and real worth, often marking the steady development of a young writer or artist. All praise to the St. Nicholas League and its unique educational work.

Contents of The American Review of Reviews for April: Senator Red-field Proctor, frontispiece; The Progress of the Wold—Record of Current Events, with portraits; Current Topics in Cartoons; John Bigelow, of New York, with portrait; The Art Season in New York, by Ernest Knaufft, with reproduction of St. Gaudens' new Lincoln statute; The Hudson Tunnels, by Louis E. Van Norman, with portraits, cartoons and other illustrations; To Farm America's Swamps, by Guy Elliott Mitchell, with illustrations; National Forests in the Appalachians, by Thomas Elmer Will, with illustrations; The Greatest Naval Cruise of oMdern Times, by Winthrop L. Marvin, with portraits and other illustrations; An Improved Naturalization System, by Alford W. Cooley; The Nation's Anti-Drink Crusade, by Ferdinand Cowle Iglehart; Leading Articles of the Month, with portraits and other illustrations; Leading Financial Articles; The New Books, with portraits.

Spottsylvania Co., Va., Nov. 23, '07.

Please renew my subscription to the

Southern Planter. I do not think I

could carry on farming if I did not

take such an agricultural journal as

the Planter is. W. T. DEACON.

McDowell Co., W. Va., Diec. 20', '07.

I prize the Southern Flanter very highly, it is indispensible to me. My interest grows with every issue.

REV. C. W. HOLLIS.

SINGLE-COMB

RHODE ISLAND REDS.

Five years ago I purchased a SB< Prize-Winning Trio from a noted eMt-strain, with the intention of breeding the best Reds in the South. Thli strain has been so improved that m? birds are now vastly superior to th« trio. Buff Leghorns averaging ov«) 200 eggs were discarded because th« Reds were more profitable tgg-proa» cers. I believe I have the best fancy-utility strain on earth. It will pa? you to investigate. Big, Pink, Fertile Eggs, $2 for II.

Book orders early. A few wonderful Males and Choice Females to apart DR. J. H. C. WINSTON, Hampden-Sldney, Virginia. .

£ggs Fori Hatching

—FROM—

Prize-Winning Stoch

Black Langshans, Mottled Anconak S. C. Buff and White Leghorns. Woi

silver cup at Harrisonburg, Va. Egg^ $1 to $1.50 per 15. Satisfaction gua» anteed. Send for free booklet. Writ* to-day.

J. S. WENGER, DAYTON, VA

PURE-BRED R. <L.

RHODE ISLAND REDS

Eggs at farmers' pric«>

Special rates for Inc.*-

bator Egge.

Miss LIZZIE G. SMITfc R. F. D., Wellvllle, Vt,

RHODE ISLAND REDS

BOTH COMBS.

Eggs from pure-bred, high ciaw stock at $1.50 per 15, $2.50 per Si and $4.50 per 60.

Also a nice home and store for aai< or rent. Main building has 14 room* All necessary outbuildings. Tho whol« nearly new. Write

CLINTON HENSLEY, Prop. Elktok Poultry Farm, Elkton, V&,

Rhode Island Reds

ROSE COMB

Large, handsome fowls; spleadic ayers. Chicks grow fast and art inexcelled for the table.

PURE-BRED EGGS $1 PER U

E. YOUNGLOVE, SCOTLAND, VA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

R.oyal IVeds—Orpingtons.

Bred to lay from quality that wins. Rose (Tuttle strain) and Single Comb (Hansen strain) R. I. Reds and Buff Orpingtons (Willow Brook strain), the very best strains extant. Winners at York, Washington, Jamestown. Eggs $2 and $4 per 15, $8 per 100. Baby Chicks, $3 per 15.

Locust Mount Poultry Farm, George

W. Sweeting, Sharon, Harford

County, Maryland.

ESTABLISHED 1882.

S. and R. C. It. I. Reds, White Wyandottes, S. C. Tt. Leghorns and R. P. Rocks. Eggs for hatching $1 for 15; $1.75 for 30; $2.75 for 50; $5 for 100. RIVERSIDE POULTRY

FARMS,

J. B. Coffman & Sons,

Props., Dayton, Va.

EGGS FOR HATCHING

FROM PRIZE-WINNING R. C.

Rhode iSLamn reds

At $1 per sitting of 15 or three sittings for $2.50.

MRS. It. E. SMITH, Appomattox, Va.

EGGS! EGGS! EGGS!

Crystal Springs Poultry Yards,

Stafford & Croy, Props., Trigg, Va. We will offer some exceptional ralues in Eggs for hatching during :he season from following breeds: Barred Plymouth Rocks, per 16, $1.50; IVhite Wyandotte, per 15, $1.50; S. C. R. I. Reds, $2 per 15; S. C. Brown Leghorn, per 15, $1.50; S. C. White Leghorn, per 15, $1.75. Special rate* >n two or more sittings. Satisfaction ruaranteed. Write us for further particulars.

Poultry Profits !

Handsome catalogue which describee and quotes lowest prices on R. and S. C. Rhode Island Red Eggs; White and Columbian Wyandottes, White and Barred Rocks, Minorcas, Orpingtons Anconas; White, Brown and Buff Leghorns; White and Buff Cochin Bantams; 25 varieties of pur«-bred fowls Will be pleased to mall catalogue on receipt of stamp.

C. L. SHBNK, Box S, Luray, Va.

EGGS FOR HATCHING

FROM BUSINESSS BIRDS.

ROSE COMB R. I. REDS.

Four Pullets sold from my flock last

fall averaged 27 eggs each in a period

of 44 days. Price, 15 for $1, 50 for <S,

100 for $5.

. J. O. Rarksdale, Red Hill, Va.

EGGS FOR HATCHING.

Rarrcd, Ruff and White Plymouth Rocks; White, Huff, Partridge and Silver Penciled Wyandottes. Black Langshans, R. I. Reds, Rlack Minorcas. Light Brabmas, Partridge Cochins, White and Brown Leghorns. All Pens headed by High-Scoring Birds second to none-

Price—$1 for 15, $5 per 100. Two-thirds hatch guaranteed or order duplicated at half price. SOME NICE COCKERELS OF THE DIFFERENT BREEDS FOR SALE

Will exchange Eggs for Cow Peas, two sittings per bushel.

OAKLAND POULTRY FARM, C. J. Wariner, Manager, Ruffln, N. C.

TWO MENSAHIBS (LADIES) IN INDIA.

No. 4. The Taj-Mahal. "Traveller."

From Delhi we proceeded to Agra, which required a journey of four hours by railroad. Here we took up our quarters at the "Hotel Metro-pole," and devoted almost our entire time to that peerless gem of art and architecture, the Taj-Mahal, the mausoleum built by Shah Jahan for his favorite wife, Muntaz Mahal, "tht pride of the palace."

Driving beyond the city, through a pretty park, with a statue of Queen Victoria in it, we entered an outer court, where we left our carrige and passed into the Taj garden by a magnificent gateway of red sandstone, inlaid with verses from the Koran in white marble. The garden is laid out in flower beds, planted with cypresses and has water flowing through it in marble basins. The tomb stands at one end of the garden overlooking the river, on a raised marble platform with a tall, graceful minaret at each corner. It is built of purest white marble, inlaid with exquisite' designs of wreaths and scrolls, in precious gems and colored marbles. It seems to glow with a soft, pearly light as if there were a soul within it. The style of architecture is very ornate. It has a great central dome with smaller ones in the corners, and deep bays below them. In the centre of the building, enclosed by screens of carved marble, are the tombs of the Emperor and Empress, though the actual bodies lie in a vault below. Shah Jahan's tomb bears this florid inscription in Arabic:

"The famous grave of his Imperial Highness, the Resident of Paradise, the second Alexander, the Lord of the two Worlds, the King Shah Jahan. May his grave be fragrant."

This mighty monarch was imprisoned for seven years before his death by his son, who usurped the throne, but promised that his father should be buried beside his <beloved wife.

After we had examined the Taj-Mahal closely, we sat on a bench in the garden to get views of it through the trees, and the effect can neither be described in words nor imagined from pictures. Every detail is of the most exquisite and delicate beauty. It is said that twenty thousand workmen labored over it for twenty years, at the cost of ten million pounds, and that after its completion the chief builder was put to death to prevent the possibility of his ever duplicating the building. We came again and again, so as to see it at different hours, and In different lights, and came to the conclusion that it appeared most beautiful at sunset. At this time an army of coolies came in and, with loud cries, drove all the birds out of the garden to prevent their

SINGLE COMB BROWN LEGHORN!!

First Cockerel, Richmond, 1908.

Strawberry Hill Poultry Yards,

Box 287, Richmond, Va.

. Davenport Williams, Prop, and Supi

Mem. Am. Leghorn Club, Mem. Am. S. C. B. Leghorn Club, Mem. Va. Poultry Abso. At Richmond, January 9-15 (Judg«i| "Vittman), 1st Cockerel, 1st, 2nd, IrM \nd 4th Pullet; 8 specials, Including •iilver cups for best display in cla«: >ffered by Am. S. C. B Leghorn Clu <nd Virginia breeders. At JamestowrH ith pen, 6th Cockerel on immatur M jirds. Also highest awards Va. Stat I t^air and Richmond, 1906. EGGS fror II exhibition matings, both pullet anil cockerel line, $3 per 15, $5 for 30, $ Cor 50, $10 for 75, $12 for 100. Fror J itiliy matings, $1 per 15, $6 for 101 I Two-thirds hatch guaranteed or num ber of eggs duplicated at half prict ; I -itock for sale at all times.

Fresh Eggs a Specialty.

I have been raising line-bred Barre'jl Plymouth Rocks for eight years ami have bred them up to be fine winte |j layers. My fowls are all large, fine jl pure-bred birds. Line-Bred Barre-j] Plymouth Rock Eggs, $1 for 15, $1.5 li for 30; Toulouse Geese Eggs, from 20 pound geese, old matured stock, 3' jl cents each; White Holland Turkey! fine size; also Mammoth Bronze, egg I from both, 25 cents each or $2.25 fo|l 9;Indian Runner Duck Eggs, $1 for 11 I They are the Leghorn layers of tk I duck family, if hatched in July will be laying by February. All eggs care I fully selected and well packed. Onl: I fresh eggs shipped. Orders prompt!: I filled. -Satisfaction guaranteed. Mrs. M. F. GOOCH, Somerset, Orangi J County, Vn.

EGGS FOR HATCHING. ROSE-COMR BROWN LEGHORNS

Exclusively. From high scoring stock Farm range, line bred. Great layen II per 15, $5 per 100.

Prize pen, blue ribboned sire an< dams, $2 per 15.

Satisfaction guaranteed. GARDNER POULTRY FARM, Ash-burn, Va. C. W. Gardner, Pres.; H. H. Gardner| Sec'y. Member R. C. Brown Leghorn Club']

A Neat Binder for your back nunM bers can be had for 30 cents. Addresi | our Business Department.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

373

Mammoth Bronze Turkeys

Prize winners, largest strains. Eggs from pen headed by 45-pound Tom, $3 per 12; choice lot of extra heavy Toms at panic prices.

Choice lot of S. C. B. Leghorns. Whfte P. Rocks and Barred P. Rock Cockerels at special prices. Pure and extra large.

We also have mated for this season the finest pens of White P. Rocks and S. C. Brown Leghorns we have ever produced—great layers. Leghorn eggs, $1 per 15, ?1.75 per 30. W. Rock eggs, $1.50 per 15, $2.7.5 per 30. BYRD BROTHERS, Salisbury, N. C.

Mammoth Bronze Turkeys

Fifteen eggs $3. No finer birds In the State. Book your orders ahead.

S. C. Buff Orpington and S. C. Brown Leghorns of the very best strains; 15 eggs $1, 30 for $1.75, 100 for $4. B. O. POULTRY YARDS, R. F. D. Box 27, Rapidan, Va.

THE WHSTE HOLL/iND TURKEY

mam.

G. W. MOSS. GUINEY, VA. Eggs as follows: White Holland Turkey, $2 per dozen, $15 per 100; White Plymouth Rocks and S. C. W. Leghorns, 75 cents per 15, $3.50 per 100; Pekin Ducks, $1 per dozen.

MILLVIEW POULTRY FARM

GOLDEN BRONZE TURKEYS

From prize takers at Chicago, Indianapolis and "Virginia State Fair. Eggs $4 per dozen.

MRS. S. F. BADGETT, Route 1, Farm-ville, Va.

WHITE HOLLAND TURKEY

Eggs, $2.50 per 10.; Indian Runnei Duck and White Guinea Eggs, $1.50 per 15; Rose Comb White Leghorn Eggs, $1.25 per 15, $3 for 45. MRS. LIZZIE DYER, Route 1, Rock-vale, Tenn.

Black Langshans

Eggs for Sale from Prize-Winning

Stock.

A Few Good Cockerels Left.

JOHN C. ADAMS,

Bristol, Virginia-Tennessee.

BLACK'S

BLACK LANGSHANS

Are the leading Langshans In the South.

Improve your flock this season with blood from this noted strain.

Bred for all standard requirements, combined with superior egg production. Choice Birds for Sale.

Eggs $2 per 15, $3.50 per SO, $10 per 100. Send for descriptive circular and show record.

A. M. BLACK, Tazewell, Va.

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement.

roosting in it. In former years, this building had suffered much from vandalism and there was even some talk of pulling it down to sell the marbles, but since the firm establishment of English rule, it has been completely restored and is now under the protection of a Society (of which Lord Curzon is a prominent member) for the preservation of the monuments of India. Whenever we were discouraged by the heat, or the discomfort, or the forced marches we had to endure in India, we would recall the Taj-Mahal, and feel that it made up to us for everything and was worth coming around the world to see.

The fort, containing the English garrison, is almost as fine, of its kind. It contains three separate imperial palaces, built by the great Moguls. First, there is the palace of Akbar (the great soldier, the Napoleon of India) in plain, red sandstone, and next, the one built by Johangir, his son, in which there is some fine Hindu carving, and rich effects in general. The climax is reached in Shah Jahan's palace which is a dream of beauty. Again he employs white marble inlaid, and one sumptuous apartment follows another until the eye and brain of the beholder become weary of loveliness. From the Pearl Mosque one goes through the halls of audience to the gem mosque, private for the royal ladies, and thence to the Jessamine Tower, which exhibits the fine work of a jeweler rather than of a builder.

The last large city we visited in India was Calcutta, the capital not only of the Province of Bengal, but of the Indian Empire. To reach it, we had to travel for a day by railroad through Bengal, which is a large and rich province, and was one of the most valuable possessions of the East India Company. The Viceroy and the court reside at Calcutta, and its numerous handsome buildings have given it the name of the "city of palaces." The Maidan or Esplanade is one of the finest drives of the East. On the other hand, the hotels are abominable, and there is little to interest the tourist. We would much rather have given the time to Cawnpore or Lucknow, hut we were obliged to go to Calcutta to take the train for the South. The most welcome sight to our eyes was Cooke's office, where we got our mail, and had Sam (our guide) brought to order. When we complained to them of how trifling he had been, the chief clerk said he would have a talk with him on the subject. Calling him in, he cursed him in Hindu, by the spirt of his ancestors, for a thousand years, and threatened him with all the demons if he did not behave better. This chastened our guide's spirit very much, and he promised amendment. He went out and found us a nice car-

H01.LY GROVE POULTRY FARM

^^ Headquarters for

Standard Bred

Silver L. Wyandotte*. Eggs now at "panic prices"—$1 for 13; $2 ' for 30. I have shipped eggs for hatching every season since 1882.

Business Motto: The Golden Rule. Circulars Mailed Free. S. P. YODER, Denbigh, Va.

Poplar Hill Poultry Farm

Dr. H. H. LEE. Prop., R. F. D. 4, Lexington, Va. Breeder and shipper of Silver Laced Wyandottes. Fresh Eggs for hatching from high scoring birds, bred to lay, $1 per 15. No more stock for sale at present.

GOLDEN

W Y A N D OTTE §

A Specialty.

Pure bred, strong, vigorous stock, bred for winter layers.

Eggs $1 per 15, $1.75 per 30, $3 per 50, $5 per 100. Miss Katie Thompson,

Route 1, Clifton Station, Va.

PURE-BRED

Silver Laced Wyandottes

EGGS FOR SITTING AT $1.25 PER 15. John M. Hurshaw, Collet tsville, N. O.

"EAST VIEW"

SILVER LACED WYANDOTTES.

Exclusively. Rob Biddy for wooden hen. Eggs $1 for 15, $S for 50, $5 f«r 100, $7 for 160. Mm. W. S. Chichester, Aquasco. Hi.

"MapleHurst"

The home of choice birds—B. P. Rocks, Buff Orpingtons and S. C. R. I. Red*. Eggs for sale at $1 for 15, $1.75 for 30, $2.50 for 50. Write to

T. J. THOMPSON, R. F. D. No. 7, Staunton, Va.

DeWITT'S FINE POULTRY CATALOG.

Sixty varieties of Pure-Bred Poultry-Illustrated. Prices of stock and eggs upon request. Catalogue 10 cents, redeemable on first order.

DeWITT POULTRY FARM, Highland Park, Richmond, Va-

ROSE COMB

RHODE ISLAND RED

Eggs for sale at $1 per sitting of It. No other chickens raised on the farm. Mrs. JOSEPH M. HURT, Blaekstone, Y«.

S. C. Rhode Island Red

Eggs, $1.25 per sitting; two or more $1

each.

JOHN W. MORRIS, Wnldrop, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April.

HYGEIA HERD

HoIstein=Friesians.

SONS OF

Pontiac Calypso'sSon,

FOR SALE;

3am—Pontiac Calypso, A. R. O., it.it rounds.

Sire's dam—Beryl Wayne, A R. O., 17.87 pounds. Trom following A. R. O. cows: FRONTIER JESSIE VEEMAN,

A. R. O., 20.70 pounds; SHADEiAND DUL.CIBEL IV,,

A. R. O., 20.92 pounds;

MANOR GRACE PIETERJE,

A. R. O., 20.92 pounds;

1BTHERLAND FANCY ROSETTA,

A R. O., 20.53 pounds.

THE BULL IS HALF THE HERD—Get the Best

Prices and pedigrees sent on application.

Come at once and make your own telection or write us your wants. Address: Crozet,

3". B. Loomis, Supt., Albemarle Co., 3r. W. F. Carter, Prop. Virginia.

"Glenara Stock Farm"

Spring Offering

Reg. Shorthorn (dual purpose) Bull Calves.

Reg. Dorset Ram Lambs and a few Yearling Rnms.

Reg. Poland-China Boar Pigs.

Dams and sires of all breeding stock offered imported to Virginia from England, Canada or "Western United States. Farmers prices.

Address JOHN BUTLER SWANN,

Marshall, Va.

THOROUGHBRED

BERKSHIRE BOARS, IERSEY BULL CALVES, DORSET BUCK LAMBS.

Jire of Calves, FLYING FOX, 6645* ton of Flying Fox who sold for J7,5#< vt the Cooper sale, 1902.

.1! stock in best condition an* 1 ruaranteed as represented. ■Ji T. ENGLISH, CentrevlUe, M*.

"meadow brook farm

Lnrge Improved Yorkshires from best Imported stock at reasonable prices. J. D. Thomas, Prop.,

Round Hill, Va.

riage to show us the sights. We told him we wanted to see the native city, so he carried us to Kalighat, a suburb which gives the name to the whole city. In it is a temple dedicated to Kali, and built on this spot over 300 years ago, because of the legend that when Kali was cut to pieces one of her fingers fell here. The temple has acquired a great reputation for sanctity, and is very rich from the gifts of pilgrims. Sacrifices of lambs and goats are constantly made to the much dreaded goddess, and the streets around are full of these innocent young animals, which supply the blood of the sacrifices. The courts reeked with hot blood which splashed on the flowers and offerings, and we had to step over pools of it.

We next demanded the Burning Ghats, where the Hindus dispose of their dead, and insisted on going there, though our driver, a Mohame-tan, was violently opposed to our doing so. At the gate he tied up his head and looked in the other direction. Sam accompanied us to the outer court from which we could see fires burning, but advised us not to go inside. "Sometime not very nice," he said. Within the attendants spied us and motioned us to come in. Curiosity got the better of us, and we walked right up to the Ghats. Two bodies were burning, but were almost destroyed and scarcely distinguishable. They were in two deep holes in the ground, filed with a rail pen which consumed them as it burned. The body is brought in a grave cloth, dipped in a tank of tar, and put down in the Ghats. The fire once started blazes fiercely. Attendants with long poles stir it, and soon the mortal body is dust to dust and ashes to ashes. The process is awful to look at, but, oh, so sanitary!

We related our experiences at the hotel, on our return, and created great consternation, we learning now for the first time that an epidemic of smallpox was raging in the city, and the foreign residents were not venturing near the eastern quarter. The Ghats we visited were those where the victims of the disease were burned. "Really, ladies," the hotel clerk said, "you should not have gone there." We did not stop to argue the matter with him, but sent off our guide at once to change his clothes while we did the same and hung our things in the sun. For several hours we felt very uneasy, and kept examining our skin for signs of breaking out, but the feeling soon passed away. There is always some excitement in the East. In nearly every place we visited, there was pest, plague or riots, but the fact apparently does not disturb the white population.

We took up our sight seeing again, and drove out to a Jain temple. The Jain sect was founded in Mahariva,

JERSEYS

Three Bull Calves, 8 to 10 weeks oldi from cows giving 20 and 32 pounds o:| milk of 6 per cent, butter fat. Pricei $25 each. .

One Young Bull, over 12 months, fi! for service, son of Miss Bruce, whij gave over 6,000 pounds of milk of 4.i butter fat in 12 months. Price, $40.

Ten Young Heifers from 18 monthit to 2 years old, and 10 Young Heifei Calves, all from my best cows.

My herd of 20 cows is giving 4.1 gallons of 5.6 milk a day, and thlij includes the product of 6 young heifers I

Correspondence solicited. A. R. VENABLE, Jr., Farmville, Va>

MRUE FARM

H. C. GROOME, Proprietor.

Ayrshire Cattle

CHOICE OFFERINGS OF YOUNG AND MATURE STOCK.

ADDRESS

Address AIRLIE FARM, Warrentoa, Virginia.

Fine ANGUS Calves

AT FARMERS' PRICES.

Several splendid family Milk Cown young, fresh and gentle.

Several 15-16 Grade Angus Bui Calves ready for service. "Will malM mperb bulls for grading up herds.

Several Registered Angus Bull an< Heifer Calves. Fine individuals, whost t-velopment has been pushed since th< lay they were dropped.

All these Calves will be sold a farmers' prices. Write at once if yoi want one of them.

A splendid piece of standing Pim

and Oak Timber, half mile from rail

road, for sale cheap to a quick buyer

W. M. WATKINS & SON,

Saxe, Charlotte County, Va.

WALNUT KILLS HERD

Reg. Angus Cattle

Yearlings and Calves for sale. J. P. THOMPSON, ORANGE, VA

PURE-BRED

Angus Bull Calf

Calved April 1, 1907, for sale. W. A. MURRAY, MEBANE, N. C.

ereford Cattle

Several voung, Pure-Bred Registered itulls for sale at farmers' prices. Excel-•mt strain and fine individuals. Alio ^rade Hereford Cows and Heifers. William C. STUBBS, Valley Fronlj

IfRrm. Sassafras, Gloucester Co., Va.

Please mention the Southern Planter

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

375

GROVE FARI1

Br<w»klnndvtlle, Maryland.

P. O. Lutherville, R. F. D.; Telephone

and Telegraph, 42-K, Town.

The property of

James McK. and I. B. Merryman.

GUERNSEYS

The kind that win. Not beaten In 1907. Shown Maryland State Fair, Allentown, Pa., Mt. Holly. N. J., Trenton, N. J., Richmond, Va.. and Hagerstown, Md. When you buy get the best. A few pure-t>red Heifers and Bull Calf dropped April II 1907, out of Imp Lady Simon, by Mil-ford Lassie II. Anchor the Bull that win*.

Our Berkshires were unbeaten wherever shown. Write for prices.

Devon Herd Established 1884. Hampshire Down Flock Established 1880.

DEVON CATTLE

BIXLLS AND HEIFERS,

HAMPSHIREDOWN SHEEP,

RAMS AND EWES.

ROBERT J. FARRBR, Orange, Vau

REGISTERED

LARGE YORKSHIRE PIGS

Out of the very best imported sows (Holywell). Also Bred Gilts. »

PURE-BRED

S. C. BUFF ORPINGTONS

Eggs for hatching, 15 for $1.25, 50 for $4, 100 for $7.

From select pens (Cook's): No. 1, 15 for $2.50; No. 2, 15 for $2.

PRIVETS FOR SALE. RIVERSIDE PARK, Morganton, N. C.

LARGE YORKSHIRE IMPORTED BRED SOWS, BRED GILTS AND PIGS.

Flatt breeding; from the Armitage and Lord Roseberry Herds. The best. OVERBROOK FARM, 8 W. Conway Street, Baltimore, Md.

Tamworth Pigs

From Registered Stock of Fine BREEDING.

VOLSBT OSBURN, Blnemont, Loudoun Co., Va.

EDWARD WALTER

Breeder and Shipper

of Registered Cheater Wnite, Poland-China and Berkshire P!g«; Scotch Col-tte Dog« and a variety of Poultry. Send 2-cent stamp for circular and prices. Come, see my stock and select for yourself. Eureka Stock Farm, Wat Cheater, Pa.

CHESTER WHITES.

VThe best hog on earth." Shall be pleased to fill your orders for spring Pigs. My stock is A-No. 1. Satisfaction guaranteed.

S. M. Wiseearver, Rustburg, Va.

a contemporary of Gantamo, and it greatly resembles Buddhism, of which It is often considered a branch. The Jains consider bodily penance neces sary to salvation, and carry the Buddhist regard for animal life to an extreme. They have a great love of the picturesque and the beautiful, and their temples are very ornate, like specimens of the jeweler's art. They are elaborately inlaid and frescoed, and built with attractive surroundings. There is much wealth among the Jains and one who prospers dedicates a shrine to his protecting deity.

We asked to see the Black Hole of Calcutta, but our guide had never heard of it, and we had to find it for ourselves. All the old buildings and the fort in Calcutta have been pulled down and the site of the Black Hole is one end of the present post-office. A marble slab, with an appropriate inscription, marks the spot.

We were very much interested in seeing the fine government buildings, and were proud to think of the grace with which an American woman (Lady Curzon) had presided there for years, and how she had won the love and admiration of those around her.

REFORMED SPELLING AGAIN. Captain Harry Graham, the witty Englishman, v whose verses have long tickled the American, as well as the English sense of humor, takes a fling at President Roosevelt and simplified spelling in a little book called "Familiar Faces" (Duffield & Co.). Among these verses the following are to the point:

"When Theo: Roos: unfurled his bann: As Pres: of an immense Repub: And sought to manufact: a plan

For saving people troub: His mode of spelling (termed pho-

net:) Affec: my brain like an emet:.

"I grudge the time my fellows waste Completing words that are so comm: Wherever peop: of cult: and taste

Habitually predom: 'Twould surely tend to simpli: life Could they be curtailed a trif:.

"For is not "Brev: the Soul of Wit?" (Inscribe this mott: upon your badge), The sense will never suff. a bit,

If left to the imag:, Since any pers: can see what's

meant By word so simp: as "husb:" and "gent:."

"When at some meal (at dinn: for

inst:) You hand your unc: an empty plate, Or ask your aunt (that charming

spinst:) To pass you the potat: They have too much sagac: I trust To give you sug: or pep: or must:."

Test Farm

Of the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration.

For Sale—Berkshire Boar, Tuleyries Duke 10th, 101333, winner of second prize in Virginia class at State Fair, 1907.

ALSO SOME EXCELLENT I

BERKSHIRE PIGS, DORSET HORN RAMS, ' RED POLL BULL CALF.

Address E. W. MAGRUDER,, Dept. of Agriculture, Richmond, Va.

Berkshire Pigs For Sale

Any one wishing to purchase the very best strains of Berkshires at reasonable prices should write and set prices and description of my stock. I am offering pigs from the very verj best imported and American straini for from $5 to $15 each. Pedigree furnished with each pig. My hogt have a range of over 400 acres, art always heathy and dovelop strength and muscle. All inquiries cheerfully and promptly answered.

W. A. WllXEROT, Sweet Hall, King William County, V*.

BERKSHIRES

A nice lot of Pure-Bred Pigs at very reasonable

PI Also a fine Draft Stud Colt.

GLENMOOHE FARM,

D. D. HUNT,

Charlottesville, Va.

SUNNYSIDE BERKSHIRES.

Boars in service. "Premier Duke,"

son of Premier Longfellow; "Peerles" Premier," sired by Lord Premier III., and Imported "HlghUde Commons.' Also a number of sows rich in Premier blood. Prices reasonable.

W. R. WALKER, UNION, S. C.

. . BerKshires . .

My Biltmore Sows have a fine lot of Spring Pigs that will be sold at weaning time at the small sum of $5 each. Pedigrees furnished if desired.

H. E. WATSON, Stuart's Draft, Va.

FARMS

ON THE EASTERN SHORE OF

MARYLAND

Grain and Stock Farm of 107 acree. Productive soil, 10-room dwelling, large barn, granary, corn cribs, poultry houses, wood houses, etc. All In ?ood repair. In elegant neighborhood, close church, school and store. Price $3,000, $1,200 cash, balance on easy terms. Great bargain. Will pay you to investigate. Only 3% hours from both Baltimore and Philadelphia. Catalogue free.

TUe J. W. Funk Co., Denton, Md.

A Neat Binder for your back numbers can be had for 30 cents. Address our Business Department.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

Golden Rod Farm

Duroc-Jersey Pigs, sired by Golden-rod Chief, son of "Beat Him If You Can." Boars old enough for service sired by Quick's Perfection.

White Wyandotte Egg's from very best laying strain. J. T. COX, Manager, Byrdville, Va.

STERLING HERD

REG. DUROC-JERSEYS AND TAMWORTH SWINE

Duroc Boars ready for service. H. W, WATSON, Petersburg, Va.

DUROC-JERSEYS.

from registered

stock, such as

Wrenn's Chief and

Jumbo Dick, and

related to Golden

Glen Chief, the

{W^ 1 world's greatest

hog, which sold

for $6,000. Fine lot of Pigs for May

delivery. This high quality stock will

be an advertisement to any one.

T. H. WRENN, DISPUTANTA, VA.

DUROC-JERSEYS

One Boar, farrowed July 20th, $12; two Boars, farrowed October 19th, $10 each Also a fine lot of Boars and Sows farrowed in December, $5 each.

Eggs from pure-bred White Wyan-dottes and Partridge Cochins, $1 per 15. J. D. DILLON, Purcellville, Va.

Reg. P. Chinas Berkshires, C. Whites Large strains. Al ages, mated, not akii. Bred Sows. Servict Boars. Guernse; Calves, Collie anc Beagle Pups anc

Poultry. Write for prices and free cir

cular.

P. P. Hamilton, Cochranville, Chester County, Pa.

Dunnlora Poultry Farm

Breeders of High Class Poland-China Hogs and White Wyandotte Chickens exclusively. Choice Pigs and Eggs for sale. Write for prices and particulars.

N. P. PEEBLES & BRO., Carson, Va.

NOT A SICK HOG

In the seven years I have raised them. Can't be better.

O. I. c.

tBUumiAWV is the hog to raise.

F. S. MICHIE, Charlottesville, Va.

ANGUS CATTLE. SOUTHDOWN SHEEP. ESSEX PIGS.

Some choice Yearling Rams and Lambs for May and June delivery.

A few Essex Pigs for May delivery.

Two choice Pure-Bred Young Bulls. I*. G. JONES, TOBACCOVILLE, N. C.

Please mention the Southern Planter.

SOUTHERN HUMORISTS.

MAEY WASHINGTON.

In addition to the writers who are professed humorists, we have some who, though not exclusively such, nevertheless possess a rich substratum of humor. In this category we may place Thomas Nelson Page, in whose works we often find admirable instances of pure humor, and still more frequent ones of a blending of humor and pathos. Of the first "Pulaski's Tournament" is an excellent example, amongst numerous others.

James Lane Allen, too, has a vein of humor, although it is generally blended with the pathetic, which is a predominant element in his writings. "The Two Gentlemen of Kentucky" affords a good example of the mingling of these two veins.

In a recent compilation of "American "Wit and Humor," edited by Tom Masson, of Life, I note that the compiler includes several women in his list—Carolyn Wells, Mary Mapes Dodge and Josephine Dasram, although heretofore it has been a mooted point whether women possessed humor, or were capable of possessing it. Acting, however, on the precedent established by Mr. Masson, I will here class Ruth McBnery Stuart amongst the humorists of the South, as humor is her most pronounced characteristic. This quality sparkles throughout her tale entitled "Sonny," as well as through her other writings. The Outlook pays her the following tribute: "She has various gifts, skill in characterization, feeling for her background good sense, which shines in well phrased reflection'; but her most original gift is humor, unforced, spontaneous, kindly, full of humorous tenderness 'Napoleon Jackson,' aptly described in the subtitle as 'the gentleman in the plush rocker,' is, in its way, a liner masterpiece. It is a bit of life, reproduced with contagious mirthfulness, with genuine skill and with keen insight into character."

Again we find a rich vein of humor in Miss Mary N. Murfree ("Charles Egbert Craddock"), and this gives highness and charm to her pictures of the rough, narrow, monotinous lives of the mountaineers. Few sketches of modern times show a finer vein of humor than Miss Murfree's sketch of the dance in "Harrison's Cove."

Miss Alice Caldwell Hegan (now Mrs. Rice) also shows a decided vein of humor (mingled with pathos) in her very popular tales, "Mrs. Wiggs of the Cabbage Patch" and "Lovey Mary," and Miss Mollie Elliot Seawall's works are lavishly interspersed with gleams of wit and humor. Still, in spite of the instances I have adduced of humor in women, I must confess that, on the whole, they are decidedly inferior to men in this quality. I believe the world has never known a great female humorist (un-

EDGEWOOD STOCK FARM

ORSETS.

Our fall lambs are now ready for you. Let qs hear from yon promptly this year.

J. D. ARBUCKLE & SONS,

Maxwelton, Greenbrier County,

West Virginia.

OORSETS.

We offer a number of flock headers in yearling, two and three-year-ol<3 Rams; also, few choice Imported Ewes. Write us soon before this lot is culled over.

J. E. WING & BRO., Mechanicsburg, O.

SCOTCH COLLIE PUPS

FOR SALE. I am now offering you at reasonable prices some very choice Scotch Colli© Pups. They are beauties. Sables with very fancy markings. Parents trained drivers and registered. These Pups> trace to such Ch. dogs as Ormskirk Emerald, Finsbury Pilot, Christopher, Kirkdale Patrick and Wishaw Clinker. Write me at once. I can please you. Address H. H. ARBUCKLE, Edgewood Stock Farm, Maxwelton, W. Va.

J /■ g* Ef C Imported Catalomia t+ i» >■ & Malyorea and Kem-tncky Mammoth Jacks and Jeauaet% Saddle Horses, Trotting and Paeinf Stallions, Poland-China and Tnmwortfe Hog>i. Our Importation of Spanish Jacks, which arrived Aug. 13, is th« largest and finest ever brought to th» United States. Our herd of Tamworth* is headed by the first and second prise boars at the Royal show in England. Our catalog is the finest ever issued by any Jack breeders. Write us your wants or visit *ur farms. J. F. COOK * CO., LEXINGTON, KT Branch Barn, Greenville, Texas.

KENTUCKY JACK FARM.

Is the wholesal* house for Jacks, mm we breed and raistt the Big, Mammoth Kentucky Jacks, and can sell you a first-class Jack 26 to Ife per cent, cheaper than a dealer or speculator can. Write to-day for prices •u

Jacks, Jennets and Mules. A large 1*>*

to select from.

JOE E. WRIGHT, Junction City, Kyi.

ELLERSLIE FARM.

THOROUGHBRED HORSES

AND

SHORTHORN CATTLE,

Pure Southdown Sheep and Berkshire Pigs for Sale.

R. J. HANCOCK & SON,

Charlottesville, Va.

THE SOUTHE RN" PLANTER.

377

THOROUGHBRED,

HORSES FOR SALE

Mabel Lyon, Brown Filly, by imported Fatherless, foaled May 15, 1904, No. 40106; first dam, Sarmaline by imported Order.

Kathleen Gray, Black Mare, by Jim Gray, foaled April 16, 1895. No. 6447; first dam, Katie C, by imported Charaxs.

Agnes Gray, Black or Brown Mare, by Jim Gray, foaled May 23, 1901, No. 29554; first dam, St. Olga, by imported St. Blaise.

Chestnut Colt, No. 40105, foaled April 7, 1904, by imported Potentate; •first dam, Grayon, by Jim Gray.

Chestnut Colt, 2 years old, by imported Fatherless; first dam, Grayon, by Jim Gray.

Correspondence solicited.

5. H. WILSON, Byrdville, Va.

STONEWALL JACKSON 4995.

Probably the handsomest specimen of he Morgan family in existence. An ild picture of Godolphln Arabian, to Thorn all Morgan horses trace through fustln Morgan, Is a striking likeness )t him. In pose, conformation and especially of a peculiar crest, ear and ilnd leg and abnormal distance from lye to ear. This stallion Is naturally jraited also has the straight trot of the larness horse. Will make the season >f 1908 at BUFFALO STOCK FARM, Greene County. For pedigree, term*, fceep of mares, etc., address

E. T. EARLY, AMICUS, VA. Not responsible for accidents.

Capt. J. A. Early, Doylesville, Va., writes December 2, 1907: "I am In my 42nd year; have seen and raised many 8ne horses, but my son's colt by 3tonewall Jackson is the finest In size «.nd form I ever saw."

-It the stud -

DICK WILKES, Jr., the perfect horse and blue ribbon winner at State Fair; sired by Dick Wilkes, 2:11; dam Blackhawk Morgan Pet. Grand dam, sired by Ethan Allen, Jr., by Hill's Blackhawk Fan.

PILOSO, 102, the only Imported Cata-lonian Spanish Jack in this section.

This stock will bear inspection, and their colts speak for themselves. Owned by

W. J. STRAIN & SON,

R. F. D. No. 1, Richmond, Va.

Meehanicsville Farm.

DIRECTOR, JR., 32294.

Bay horse; height, 15.3 hands; "weight, 1,100 pounds. Sired by the great race horse and famous sire, Director, 2:17%; dam, Mamie Wilkes, dam of Mary B., 2:19%; Directum Wilkes, 2:19%, etc., by Red Wilkes, 1749, sire of 177, grandsire of John R. Gentry, 2:00%, etc. Director, Jr., Is righly bred and grand individually, sand his get take after him.

Terms—$10 cash for single service; ^25 insurance.

Address J. M. VAUGHAN, Owner, South Hill, Va.

I less it be Jane Austen) whilst the other sex has given us Cervantes, Goldsmith, Swift, Thackeray and innumerable other great humorists.

If I may strain a point and introduce among my "Southern Humorists" a man who evinced this vein solely through his conversation, I will make mention of the late Bishop Richard Wilmer, a native of Virginia, though Bishop of Alabama. His vein of wit and humor was fully equal to that of Sidney Smith, and I have frequently regretted that he did not have (like Smith) a biographer who would have handed down to posterity the brilliant gems of wit and humor that fell from his lips in every-day conversation. There is, I believe, no written or printed record of these, and only a few of them have been preserved by tradition. I will repeat one of these "bon mots" as it was related to me by a near relative of Bishop Wilmer's. In a certain parish where he officiated in his early clerical life there was a lady whose table was loaded with the richest food, and who was notorious for being a gourmand. From overindulgence she had contracted a serious form of indigestion, one which, in addition to its physical ills, oppressed her spirits wlith deep gloom, especially in regard to her spiritual condition. In one of these spells of indigestion and consequent gloom, she told Mr. Wilmer she felt as if she were possessed of evil spirits, like the people at the time of our Lord's advent. "Ah, Madam," replied he, "this kind can go forth by nothing but by prayer and fasting."

A gentleman of his acquaintance having lost his wife, erected over her remains a tombstone bearing this legend: "The light of my life has gone out." A couple of years later when the disconsolate widower had married a second time Bishop Wilmer remarked, on passing the tomb and reading the inscription, "Well, he has struck a match again."

Soon after the war Bishop Wilmer wrote a work entitled "The Recent Past," but it was not as brilliant as his conversation. Bishop Wilmer has left behind him a nephew who has very much the same vein of wit and humor, the Rev. C. Breckenridge Wilmer, now of Atlanta, Ga. Amongst other witticisms, one of Mr. Breckenridge Wilmer's has been widely quoted and applauded, to this effect: "That the mischief with Virginians is, that they think if they are born Virginians they need not be born again."

FOR MORGAN COLTS

*nd Fillies and High-Bred Fox Hound Puppies, address

Or. JOHN D. MASSENGI1,1„ Blount-vtlle, Tenn.

Rhea Co., Tenn., Nov. 25, '07. The Southern Planter is a valuable aid to me in my work, and I am sure it must be an important factor in the improvement and progress in agricultural methods in the South.

P. D. BENHAM.

SKire Stallions.

Four and five years old, black and gray, weight from 1,200 to 1,400 pounds, with four or five crosses of imported horses.

Hereford and Shorhorn Bull Calf, 10 months old. B. F. A. MYERS, Clifton Station, Va.

BLUE AND GRAY.

Chestnut horse, by Hindoo; dam, Red and Blue, by Alarm; second dam, the famous Maggie B. B., dam of Iroquois, by Imp. Australian. A fine type of the thoroughbred stallion and one of the best bred horses in Virginia. His get make grand hunters. Terms very low.

Address MANN S. VALENTINE, Stokes, Goochland County, Va.

Bargains in Horses.

A splendid pair of Mare Mule Celts, omlng 2 years old. Extra fine; large is ordinary 3 year old; drives nicely o a buggy or light wagon. Will be !Old at a bargain.

One 7-year-old Dark Bay Mare, 15 lands; weight about 1,000; compact and »asy to keep. A reliable worker every-vhere and a capital Brood Mare.

One splendid 2-year-old Sorrel Geld-ng; drives nicely, single and double; -ery compactly built. Will make a •plendid family or work horse.

These horses are perfectly sound and cSll be sold at a bargain te the quick • urchaser.

W. M. WATKINS & SON, Saxe, Charlotte County, Va.

A Year's Subscription to

THE SOUTHERN FRUIT GROWER.

FREE.

Every reader of The Southern Planter who subscribes or renews his subscription to The Southern Planter during the next sixty days will receive FREE for the asking a year's subscription to the Southern Fruit Grower. Contains from 32 to 40 pages monthly. Devoted to fruit growing in the South. It does not make any difference whether you are a commercial orchardist or whether you grow fruit for home use, you will derive much valuable information from it and it will save you money. Remember that you can get two papers now for the price of one— 50 cents. If you desire a sample copy of the Southern Fruit Grower write them at Chattanooga, Tenn., and send orders to "us.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va.

RHODE ISLAND RED

Eggs at $1 per 20, $4.50 per 100, from prize winning, heavy laying strain.

CHAMPION BRED COLLIE PUPS. From daughters of Imported Thorn-dale Hope and Champion Rightaway. Cheap this month. Also grown and brood Collies cheap.

WOLF STRAIN M. B. TURKEY Eggs large size, brilliant plumage, $4 per dozen.

SHADY BROOK FARM, Route 2, Roanoke, Va.

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[April,

Want Ads.

Rates 2 cents per word. Cash with •rder. Initials and flgurss count as one word; 26 cents minimum charge.

POULTRY, ETC.

SALMON FAVEROLLES, THE LEAD-ing utility fowl, 13 eggs $6; Silver bpangled Hamburgs, Partridge Wyandottes, Silver Laced Wyandottes, Golden Sebright Bantams, White Rocks, White Pekln Ducks, Indian Runner Ducks, White Guineas, Pearl Guineas, 13 eggs $1; Bun* Bronze Turkeys, 11 eggs $2. Guineas and Hamburgs for sale; Guineas, pair. Si.60 to $3. Hamburgs, |2; male or female trio, $5. Write for circular. A. E. Parsons, Berkshire, New Tork.

FERTILE EGGS FOR HATCHING— If you a buy a sitting or a thousand eggs you get them from same pens we hatch ourselves from improved heavy-laying strains of New York and New Jersey Single Comb White Leghorn. Eggs $5 per 100, $1 per sitting, 16; White Plymouth Rocks-only one grade, the best—$1.60 sitting, $7 per 160. Place orders early. Belport Poultry Farm, Box 16. Portsmouth, Va.

ROSE-COMB BUFF LEGHORNS FOR sale. My entire stock, including six Washington, D. C, prize winners; Single-Comb BufTs, including second Cock and Cockerel, same show. Also Buff Plymouth Rocks. Will sell single, in trios or pens. Write for particulars and prices. Fifteen years a breeder of Buffs. J. W. Sllcott. Bluemont, Va.

RINGLET BARRED ROCK EGGS from handsome, clear barred birds, winners of two first, two specials for best shaped and best barred Cockerel and Pullet, Herndon, Va show, 1908; 16 eggs, $1.60; Mammoth Pekin Duck, 12 for $1. J. A. McCarty, Monroe Grove Poultry Farm, Aldie, Va. ^

SINGLE AND ROSE-COMB BLACK Minorcas; 1908 winners; 11 entries; 11 prizes—six specials and four Rose-Comb Club ribbons. Eggs guaranteed to hatch, regardless of distaance. Circular free. Edgar Crouch, Twining, D. C.

WANTED—MAIL BIDS ON 3 COCK-erels, 6 Pullets and 3 Yearling Hens, Black Langshan; the pick of 50; rest going to market. This number includes first cockerel, first pullet, first pen Virginia Fair. Best April offer gets them. Burke's Garden Cattle Co., Tazewell, Va.

FOR SALE—A FEW FINE PEKIN Drakes and White Wyandotte Cockerels from prize winners at Jamestown, Madison Square, Philadelphia, State Fair, etc. Evelyn Heights Farm, formerly Thomas & Coates. Catlett, Va.

PURE-BRED S. C. BUFF ORPINGTON Eggs for hatching, $1 for 16, $1.75 for 30 (best winter layers). Will also spare a few sittings of S. C. R. I. Reds. Address C. W. Schools, Doswell, Va., care Meadow Farm. (Mention this paper.)

EGGS FOR SALE FROM PURE-BRED Silver Laced Wyandotte stock, prize winners at Virginia State Fair, 1907. Eggs, 15 for $1. Miss Phaup, Pilkinton, Va.

EGGS—BOTH COMBS. RHODE Island Reds, winners Harrisonburg, Hagerstown, Richmond. Washington; America's best line bred laying strains. Convincing circular. W. A Shook, Box 16, McGaheysville, Va.

CORNISH INDIAN GAMES, SINGLE-Comb Buff, Brown and White Leghorns. Thoroughbred exhibition stock, bred from best winter layers. Circular free. S. A White, Box P. Tlmberville, Va.

S. C. BUFF ORPINGTONS EXCLU-eively. A fine utility strain on free range; every bird carefully selected. Eggs 75 cents per 15. Rev. E. W. Moyer, Church Road, Va.

BEAUTY AND UTILITY, PRIZE winners, heavy layers. Buff and Brown Leghorns, White Rocks. Eggs $1 per 15. Circulars free. J. N. Coffman, Edinburg, Va.

WYCKOFF SINGLE COMB WHITE Leghorns exclusively. Breeders tested by Hogan's system; 15 eggs, $1.50, 100 $5. Grandscope Poultry Ranges, Branch A, Apple Grove, Va.

EGGS—S. C. BUFF AND WHITE Orpingtons, Buff and White Wyandottes, Rhode Island Reds and M. B. Turkeys; Angora Bucks. Write for prices. C. C. Russell, Hagan, Va.

SINGLE COMB RHODE ISLAND Reds—Eggs from pure-bred stock $1.50 per sitting of 15. H. S. Parsons, Watha, N. C.

FOR SALE—EGGS FROM PURE-Bred Brown and White Leghorns and B. P. Rocks $1 per 15. Also a few Pure-Bred Brown Leghorn Hens and Pullets, $1 each. Laurel Glenn Poultry Yards, Ceres, Va.

WANTED—BIDS ON WHITE ROCK and Wyandotte Cockerels; half brothers to Richmond and Jamestown winners. Burke's Garden Cattle Co., Tazewell, Va.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCK COCK-erels for sale, $1.60 and $2; Pullets $1 or $11 per dozen; Eggs $1.60 per 16, $4 per 45 or $8 per 100. A. J. S. Diehl, Port Republic, Va.

PURE-BRED FOWLS—EGGS 85 CENTS for 15. Buff Orpington, White Wyandotte, S. C. Black Minorca, R. C. Brown Leghorn. Mrs. Frank Johnson, Route 1, Louisa, Va.

S. C. R. I. RED EGGS FOR SALE—$1 per 15, $4 per 100. Fowls have free range; only one breed on farm. Mi S3 Cornelia C. Cammack, Gold-dale, Va.

REDS THAT ARE RED—BOTH combs, 15 eggs $1.10, 30 eggs $2, 50 $3; 15 Barred Rocks or Black Minorcas $1, 30 $1.80; Anconas, greatest layers known, 15 eggs $1.25. Page Valley Poultry Yards, Luray, Va.

WHITE WYANDOTTES, RHODE

Island Reds and Barred Plymouth Rocks. Eggs $1.50 per 15, $5 per 100. Stock for sale. John A. Goodwin, Highland Park, Richmond, Va.

EGGS—LEGHORN AND INDIAN RUN-ner Duck, $1 per sitting; Berkshire Swine; Early Hollybrook Soja Beans; Fauquier and Goodwin Corn. Fairfield Farm, Nokesville, Va.

FOR SALE—EGGS FOR HATCHING from exhibition Barred Plymouth Rocks and S. C. White Leghorns, $1 per 15, $4 per 100. M. K. Streud, Herndon, Va.

EGGS FOR HATCHING—BUFF ORP-lngtons, $1 per sitting; White Lang-shans, $2 per sitting. Rose Lawn. Box 56, R. F. D.. No. 2, Richmond, Va.

EGGS FOR SALE FROM S. C. BROWN Leghorns, Brace's strain; Barred Plymouth Rocks, Bradley strain; choice eggs. Guarantee satisfaction. River View Poultry Yards, Rice Depot, Va.

FAVEROLLES—THE GREAT WINTER layers, mature early as broilers. A few Cockerels for sale, and Eggs for hatching in season. L. O. Stlckley, Strasburg, Va.

EGGS FROM HIGH-BRED STOCK AT reduced price—$1 per sitting of each; Buff Leghorn, White Wyandotte, Mammoth Pekin Ducks. Buff Leghorn Pullets $1 each. J. B. Watts, Pulaski, Va.

BUFF PLYMOUTH ROCKS Exclusively—Eggs from best range-grown hens with a fine laying record; 15 for $1.25, $5 per 100, Cockerels and Pullets for sale. Mrs. J. P. H. Mason, Accotink, Va.

SINGLE COMB RHODE ISLAND REDS for sale. Excellent stock. Write your wants. Eggs, 16 for $1.50; SO $2.50. Thomas N. Berry, R. F. D. 1, Sweetwater, Tenn.

IMPERIAL PEKIN DUCK EGGS FOR hatching, "Rankin" strain. We have the best. Eggs, 15 for $1.50, $6 per 100; eggs from my selected S. C. White Leghorns, $1.50 per 15, $7 per 100. Willow Poultry Yards, South Mills, N. C.

K FEW S. C. BROWN LEGHORN Cockerels for sale. $1 each. Eggs in season. Miss Iola R. Brags, Oor-donsville, Va.

BUFF ORPINGTONS. LARGE SIZE Solid Buff, strong and healthy. Eggs $1 and $2 per 13. W. A Tanner, Bristol, Va.-Tenn.

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEY EGGS, 13 for $3, f. o. b. her*. J. Edge Faris, R ed Hill, Va.

BUFF ORPINGTON EGGS, 76 CENTS per sitting, $2 for 60. Mrs. E. P. Wood, Beaver Dam, Va.

S. L. WYANDOTTE HENS AND Cockerels for sale. Eggs a specialty. Stock guaranteed. Mrs. B. H. Carter, Rice Depot, Va.

GOLDEN BRONZE TURKEY TOMS— the pink legged strain—at the low price of $4 and $5 each. Eggs, $3.76 per 9, $5 per 12. Mrs. Raleigh Johnston, Box 7, Bluff City, Va.

S. C. WHITE LEGHORN EGGS, $1.60 for 15, $6 per 100. from free range stock. Speedwell Poultry Farm, Salem, Va.

PURE-BRED SILVER SPANGLED Hamburg Eggs for sale, $1 per 15. Best strain. A. G. Hudson, Mitchells, Va.

PIGEONS, MATED FOR BREEDING, for sale. Blue, 75 cents pair; White, $1.25. Address Tillman Jeter, Paces, Va.

S. C. B. LEGHORN EGGS, 75 CENTS per 14. Hens and Cockerels for sale. Stock guaranteed. B. G. Bass, Rice Depot, Va.

WHITE WYANDOTTES — PRIZB-

winning strain of splendid egg producers; 15 eggs $1, 100 for $4.60, 11 M. B. Turkey Eggs $1.75. Sunny-side Farm, Jonesville, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

379

(Poultry, Cont.)

BLACK MINORCA EGGS FOR SALE. M. Catterton, Stack, Va.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS Exclusively. Eggs, 5 cents each, $4 per 100. Noah Moses, Chatham, Va.

DUNNLORA POULTRY FARM IS offering rare bargains in White Wyandottes and Poland-Chinas. See our ad. N. P. Peebles & Bro., Carson, Va. '

BUFF ORPINGTON AND ROSE COMB Brown Leghorn Eggs, $1 per 15; good stock. Mrs. May Wood, Petersburg, Va., Route 4.

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEY

Eggs, 15 for $1. B. O. Poultry Yards, Rapidan, Va.

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS; beauties. Eggs $5 per 100. Mrs. McLaren Spencer, Rocks, Md.

LOOK!—RHODE ISLAND WHITES, excellent layers. Eggs, $2 per 15. S. M. Spencer, Rocks, Md.

GENUINE RED BLACK BREASTED Game Eggs for sale, $1 for 15. E. A. Smith, Route 1, Box 5 8, Bumpass, Va.

R. C. RHODE ISLAND REDS AND White Wyandottes. Eggs for sale at $1 per 15, $6 per 100. John Campbell, R. F. D. 2, Beaver Dam, Va.

SELECTED EGGS FROM PEN OF beautiful S. C. Buff Orpingtons, $1 per 15. H. D. Thrift, Wicomico Church, Va.

LIVE! STOCK.

FOR SALE—AT A BARGAIN—BERK-shire Pigs of finest breeding; on hand now 4 sows and 3 boars, sired by Premier Rex, grandson of Premier Longfellow, dam of Premier Rex Imported Juliet F. B., out of Montview Belle, she by Manor Faithful 68312, dam Highcleve Lady, of Biltmore, 81673. Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. Oak Hil 1 Stock Farm, Wenonda, Va.

WANTED—BUYER FOR CONQUEROR II.; sire a junior champion Shorthorn by World's Fair sweepstakes, Choice Goods; dam a Rose of Sharon and splendid individual, red, calved November, 1906; also yearling red by Imported Fairy, of an old, reliable Burke's Garden family. Both ready to sell, ship and serve. Burke's Garden Cattle Co., Tazewell, Va.

NICE BAY SADDLE MARE, EIGHT years old; absolutely sound; do not need Her and offer at $125 delivered. Choice three-months registered Berkshire Boar Pifc $5.50. Positively bargains. W. G. Hundley, Callands, Va.

A FEW CHOICE BERKSHIRE PIGS one richly-bred Short Horn Bull Calf for sale. Address M. B. Quisenberry, Mineral, Va.

PURE-BRED BERKSHIRE PIGS, $5 each at 8 weeks old; also White Leghorn Hens, 65 cents each. L. B. Johnson, Route 4, Charlo.ttesville, Va.

BEFORE BUYING YOUR BERK-shire Pig's write me for my price? and breeding. It will pay you. Dr Charles G. Cannaday, Roanoke, Va

TRY LARGE YORKSHIRES HOGS— You will wish no better. W. B Stickler, Strasburg, Va.

WANTED—BIDS ON COMING FIVE years (May) McGregor-Nutwood stallion; 16 hands; weight 1,300 pounds. M. T. Grattan numbers him among the best yearlings he ever raised. Burke's Garden Cattle Co., Tazewell, Va.

REGISTERED GUERNSEYS FOR sale; two very nice well-grown Bull Calves, 10 months of age, and one large, 4-year-old Bull; from an Advanced Register dam. Prices moderate. G. M. Wallace, Falmouth, Va.

REGISTERED HOLSTEIN COW FOR sale at a bargain to a quick buyer. Recently fresh and has a fine record. James T. Brower, Winston-Salem, N. C.

DUROC-JERSEY, WHITE WYAN-dottes exclusively. Three very fine Boar Pigs, six months old, sired by Quick's Perfection, at bargain prices. Eggs for hatching, $1 per 15; large Cockerels, $1.50 each. J. Thomas Cox, Byrdville, Va.

FOR SALE—SEVERAL PONIES, 42

to 48 inches; gentle for children.

John M. Cunningham, Brandy Station, Va.

FOR EXCHANGE—FOUR FINE JER-sey Heifers for a good work mare. Address A., care Southern Planter.

TWO YOUNG MULES FOR SALE; IN fine condition, without a blemish, two and three years old; will sell one or both. L. G. Blankenship, Box 202, Roanoke, Va.

FOR SALE—REGISTERED AYRSHIRE Bull, 18 months old, price $45; 12 Angora Nannies, $6 each; 2 Angora Bucks, $10 each. Dr. William Crawford Johnson, Frederick, Md.

FOR SALE AT FARMERS PRICES— Pure-Bred Berkshire Pigs, B. P. Rocks and Pekhi Duck Eggs. Dille-muth Brothers, Blackstone, Va.

REAL ESTATE.

FINE TIMBER FARM FOR SALB3— Farm has 600 acres and 3,000,000 feet saw-mill pine timber. Only S miles from Southern Railway. 6-room dwelling, 3 tenement houses, and all necessary outhouses; 20(3 acres arable land, responsive soil; well watered. Schools and churchei convenient. Healthy country. Very cheap. Terms reasonable. J. B. Thomas, Drewryville, Va.

WANTED—TO RENT OR WORK ON Shares—Fine Farm on Dan river, close to fine market for milk, butter, etc., and all farm products. Good buildings, etc. Station on farm only a few hundred yards from dairy barn. A bargain for the right man For particulars address Oak H11J Stock Farm, Wenonda, Va.

FOR SALE—FARM, 56 ACRES, modern dwelling and good stable; SH miles from Richmond, Va.; ten minutes to electric cars and 6-cent fare to any part of city. Price $6,000, Including one horse, one mule, four cows, farm machinery and 308 chickens, with suitable houes and Incubators. Addres» Bargain, care Southern Planter.

FOR SALE—150 ACRES GOOD LAND, house, orchard and timber; 15 miles west of Richmond near station; $1,500. Address Box 61, Route 2, Midlothian, Va.

126-ACRE FARM, NEAR RAILWAY station, on gravel pike, 5% miles from city limits, 75 timber, 50 clear;

good 12-room house; good improvements; well and spring water; variety of fruits; situation suitable for business man. Box 85, Broad Street Road, Richmond, Va.

REAL ESTATE FOR SALE—IF YOU are contemplating a trip to Virginia to buy or rent a farm, or if you are looking for timber lands, write Anderson Real Estate and Law Company, Eleventh Street, Richmond, Va. This firm has lots of farms dirt cheap, with prices and terms to suit. Be sure and write them before you come or buy.

CHEAP LAND—WE WANT YOU TO know that invalids get well here without medicine and then clear $200 per acre raising fruit. Eden Fruit Colony, Dewberry, Harnett county, N. C.

EXCHANGE—A CHOICE TRACT OF level prairie land, 470 acres, half mile from town of 2,500 population; three railroads; in Colorado county, Texas; free of debt and good title, for Virginia farm free of debt and good title. Address T. E. Hudson, Norfolk, Va.

FARM, 196 ACRES, 11-ROOM HOUSE; two barns, one 30x75 with basement and concrete floors, 30 cow stalls and one 32x42; two hen houses; large silo, 22x29; two miles to station; 28 cows, all Holsteins; good money maker. All to a quick buyer for $4,500, $2,500 cash, balance five years at 5 per cent, interest. Hall's Farm Agency, Owego, N. Y.

WANTED TO RENT, WITH OPTION of purchase, farm in Virginia; must be in running order, well situated in regard to markets, roads, etc., with good buildings and suitable for first class farming operation. B., care Southern Planter.

FOR SALE—COUNTRY STORE IN Fairfax county, Virginia; 25 miles from Washington, 3 from station; fine dairy and poultry neighborhood; good business; 14 years established. Address "Excellent Opening," care Southern Planter.

POSITIONS—HELP.

YOUNG LADY WANTED—WE WANT young ladies in the country to sell pretty souvenir post cards for nice premiums or cash. We send you the cards on credit. Write at once and get the cards. LeRoy Bargain Co., Box 202, Roanoke, Va.

COUNTRY MILLER WANTED TO grind wheat and corn, water power; good stand; overshot wheel; will pay part of toll; mill in Lunenburg county, Va. L. G. Blankenship, Box 202, Roanoke, Va.

WANTED—POSITION AS FARM

manager or overseer by experienced German man, 36, of good education and habits. Address Box 85, Crewe, Va.

MISCELLANEOUS.

THE EXPERIENCED BUILDER, AS well as the young carpenter, can get valuable information and instruction from The American Carpenter and Builder. Send us $2 for year's subscription. Published first each month. Kindly send us the address and business of friends interested in building. Morrisette Subscription Agency, Box 240 S. P., Richmond, Va.

BABY NO. 1 DE LAVAL CREAM Separator; capacity 500 pounds (60 gallons) per hour; does perfect

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTEK.

[April,

Miscellaneous (contd.).

work. First check for $50 will secure this machine. Too small for present herd reason for selling. Address Evergreen Farms, W. B. Gates, Prop., Rice Depot, Va.

THE HOUSE BEAUTIFUL, IS PUB-lish'ed to please persons who appreciate nice houses and grounds; has departments devoted to interior arrangement and decoration, the garden, furniture and everything that will interest any one who owns, rents or contemplates building a home. The price has been reduced. Send us $2.50 for year's subscription; comes each month. Kindly send us -address of persons who will like House Beautiful. Single copies upon receipt of 25 cents. Morrisette Subscription Agency, Box 240 S. P., Richmond, Va.

WANTED—TO BUY ALL KINDS Wild Birds and Animals, particularly Tame Deer, Wild Turkeys, White Squirrels, Peafowl, Otters, Red Foxes, Grey Squirrels, Partridges, Pheasants, Beaver. State price when writing. Dr. Cecil French, Natural-

WANTED—ONE HUNDRED GRAY Foxes, either young or old ones. Will take any part of this number at any time. Write, stating how many you can furnish, and at what price. Address J. C. Goode, Boyd-ton, Va.

THE LOCKPORT PTTBLISHING COM-pany is offering a book of analyses which is a money saver to the farmer. It contains the formulae of most of the veterinary remedies used in this country. It enables the farmer to make his own stock food, poultry powder, liniments, etc., at one-tenth the present cost. The book costs $1 and will save several times that amount annually. Write the L. P. Co., Lockport, N. Y.

TWO SPLENDID RABBIT AND FOX Hound Puppies, four months old, thoroughbred. Will sell choice to quick purchaser. Perfect matches and beauties. L. Deyerle, Route 2, Charlottesville, Va.

SPECIAL OFFER ON FIRST ORDER for our new style automatic gate in any county. Address, with stamp, Manlove Gate Company, 272 Huron Street, Chicago, 111.

SLIGHTLY-USED 5-H. P. MIMI GASO-line Engine, mounted, guaranteed first-class condition. Stockdell-

Myers Hardware Company, Petersburg, Va.

WANTED—EPICURES TO TRY OUR Jamestown Maple Syrup and Buckwheat. Burke's Garden Cattle Co., Tazewell, Va.

FOR SALE—ONE I. H. CO.'S ONE-Horse Power Hay Baler very cheap. N. W. Lewis, Charlie Hope, Va.

LIME—WE MANUFACTURE HIGH-Grade Building and Agricultural Lime. Write for prices. Alleghany Lime Company, Inc., Christiansburg, Va.

WANTED—LIVE WILD TURKEYS for breeding purposes. I will pay * good price for those not injured when captured. R. L. Blanton, Box 761, Richmond, Va.

FOR SALE—ONE J. I. CASi OOM-bination Threshing Machine; new and cheap. M. M. Stoddard, Rox-bury, Va.

FOR SALE—A HEATER FOR A 50-foot brooder house; manufactured by Cyphers Incubator Co. Apply to John L. Bouldin, Gloucester, Va.

SEED CHUFAS FOR SALE; 80 CENTS per peck. J. O. Matthews, M. D., Clinton, N. C.

DEPENDABLE SEED CORN FOR sale—Boone County White, Hickory King; while lasts, $1.25 per bushel. Dr. Walter Stuart, Farmville, Va.

FOR SALE—ROAD MACHINERY OF every description. L. A. Arthur, Leesville, Va.

FOR SALE—ONE 25 H. P. CENTER-Crank Engine. Will take a 15 H. P. in part payment. Alfred L. Butler, Drewry's Bluff, Va.

GREAT JERSEY SALE. It is with great pleasure, mingled With no little regret, that we call attention to the advertisement of the dispersal sale of the Overton Hall Farm Jerseys. The pleasure lies in •directing our readers to what will undoubtedly be the greatest Jersey offering of the year. Our regret is that the Jersey world is going to lose one of its most prominent breeders in the retirement of J. M. Overton, Esq., proprietor of Overton Hall Farm, Nashville, Tenn. Great pressure of private business has caused Mr. Overton to take the step, which is sure to cause sincere regret among the entire brotherhood of Jersey fanciers. His name and fame as a breeder and buyer of the best is world-wide. In the 110 head which will be sold at auction on May 12th, without reserve, are numbered some of the greatest performers and prize winners the ibreed has shown. For instance, the great Imported Bull, Brookhill Fox, champion of England and America; King Eldorado, the great son of the famous Golden Fern's Lad, and out ■of the unbeaten Lady Veronia, thirteen times champion over Jersey; the great prize-winning cow, Golden Jolly's Lady Viola, by Golden Jolly and out of Lady Viola, the champion cow of England; highly commended daughters of the champion, Flying Fox; Brookhill Lady Fox, a full sister to Brookhill Fox; daughters of Agatha's Flying Fox, Oxford Lad, Golden Leda's Lad and other imported sires; superb daughters of Golden Fern's Lad, and so on through the entire list. From this brief mention, it will be seen that the herd is

FOR SALE

JERSEY BULLS

BULL CALVES.

Tuberculin tested by U. S. Government.

Forest Home Farm, pu vTrq1nia lle

Brompton Stock Farm.

WE OFFER THIS MONTH One Registered Polled Angus Bull, 3 years. One Registered Jersey Bull, 2 years. One Registered Guernsey Bull, 6 months. Young Berkshire Sows to farrow In April. A few Bronze and White Holland Gobblers.

Eggs from B. P. Rock and S. C. B. Leghorn fowls, Brown Chinese aiid Toulouse Geese, Pekin and Muscovy Ducks.

PEDIGREED COLLIE PUPPIES.

M. B. ROWE & CO., Fredericksburg, Va.

REGISTERED BERKSHIRE BOARS.

Ready for service, for sale. Also a few Jersey Cows, fresh and to come fresh; Mel's Charm, 108023, a wonderful dairy cow, bred by A. M. Bowman, Salem, "Va.

RIVER VIEW FARM, C M. BASS, Prop., Rice Depot, Va.

—

1908.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

381

Ft. Lewis Stock Farm

THE BEST PLACE FOR BLOOD AND REGISTERED

BERttSHIRES

White Leghorn, all breeds of Plymouth Rock, Black Minorca and Rhode Island Red Fowls. Eggs from these pure-blooded birds for sale.

'DR. W. L. NOLEN, PROPRIETOR, SALEM, VA.

bred in the purple and every animal offered will be capable of earning good money for its owner. A full and complete catalogue is being compiled and will contain a record of every animal and its ancestors, so there will be no guess work as to what you are buying. Everybody who has attended a sale at "Overton Hall" always goes to the next one, as the hospitality dispensed is alone sufficient to draw one the second time. Add to the hospitality, this magnificent offering and it is sufficient to draw every Jersey breeder in Christendom, and we hope it will. Don't forget to send in your name at once for a catalogue.

WHAT DID SHE MEAN?

Mrs. Armitage had a negro servant who continually prated of a certain Mrs. Reed for whom she formerly worked. Weary of hearing Mrs. Reed quoted so often, the mistress asked one day:

"Well, Samantha, what kind of work did you do at Mrs. Reed's, any way?"

"Well, honey, I cooked foh huh, I did, an' I cleaned foh huh, an' I swep' foh huh, an' I washed huh pussonel appea'ance."—Lippincott's.

HER MAIDEN EFFORT.

A certain judge had been away from his native city for several years, and upon his return found it difficult sometimes to recognize former acquaintances. One morning a youngish woman, accompanied by a tall boy, entered the trolley car and sat down next the judge.

"How do you do, judge?" she said cordially. "I don't believe you remember me? I am Mrs. X."

"Why, so it is! Mrs. X., I am delighted to meet you again. How do you do? And who is this with you? It can't be your son! Bless me, I would not believe you had a son so big."

"Oh, yes," replied the guileless Mrs. X., flattered by his cordiality. "He is my first-born—my maiden effort, judge."—Lippincott's.

CARDS IN THIRTY DAYS.

"But why," asked his lovely fiancee, "do you object to a long engagement?"

"Because," he urged, "the cost of living increases every day, dearest. The longer we wait, the greater our -expenses will be."—Lippincott's.

BILTMORE FARMS.

■BSu. BILTMORE N. C.

Jerseys

A FEW CAREFULLY SELECTED YOUNG

Bulls and Heifers

At reasonabe prices, representing rare combinations—Utility and Beauty— Milk and Butter on both sides as far back as they go—and the type that breeders are all after.

Berkshires

Representing combinations of Imported King Hunter on Western type of sows, and Premier boars on imported sows. Breeders need this kind of blood. Prices right.

Standard Poultry

Wyandottes, Leghorns and Rocks. For price lists, etc., address BILTMORE FARMS, R. F. D. NO. 2, BILTMORE, N. C.

JERSEY CATTLE

The best herd In the world. Headed by two bolls that coat over 910,M* each. BULLS AND HEIFERS for Mile.

Aim WHITE ORPINGTON FOWLS, the beat general purpose brecdi CORNISH INDIAN GAMES, the beat table fowls WHITE LEGHORNS, tfca world's greatest layers.

For particulars, address BOWMONT FARMS, Salem, Virginia.

EVERGREEN FARMS!

I am offering FOUR REGISTERED JERSEY BULLS, out of grand cows, and sired by my pure St. Lambert's Jersey Bull, "Rinoras Rioter of St. L., of Bowmont Farms.

REGISTERED BERKSHIRES. Boars and Sows ready for service. Nice lot of Pigs 8 weeks old. prices are reasonable for this high class of stock. Address W. B. GATES, PROP., RICE DEPOT, VA. Prince Edward County, Norfolk ■ and Western Railroad.

My

DurooJerseys Shorthorns Sfaropsbires.

Durocs are the most prolific hogs on earth. Our herd averaged 111-10 pigs to the litter last year. They are the most popular hog, and the great and Increasing demand for them is due solely to their merits. We have forty bred sows and gilts for sale, three herd boars, ten young boars ready for service, and pigs of both sexes, five to seven months old—the blood of Ohio Chief, Beat Him If You Can, Orion, Commodore and the Colonels. The prices are right.

Short Horn Bull Calves by Imp. Best of Archers. Pure Scotch and Scotch Topped Bulls.

Shropshire Rams of the best imported blood cheap to close them out.

LESLIE D. KLINE, VAUCLUSE, VA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

ENQUIRERS' COLUMN.

All enquiries must reach us by the 15th of the month previous to the Issue, or they cannot be answered until the month following.

COWPEAS.

I wish to sow peas for hogs. Tell me what kind to sow and when to sow, how many to the acre, and at what time to put the hogs on them.

Sussex Co., Va. SUBSCRIBER.

May, June and July are the proper months in which to sow peas. In our next issue we shall write fully on this subject and to that issue refer you. It is no use sowing cowpeas until the ground is warm. They will not grow, but will rot in the ground.—Ed.

APPLYING LIME TO WHEAT.

Will it injure my wheat if I apply 1,000 pounds of lime per acre with drill fixing discs so as not to cut up the wheat? Can I at' the same time sow clover seed through the grass seed attachment, or will the action of the lime injure the germination of the clover? The lime is thoroughly air-slaked.

I use the Southern Planter as my text-book in farming.

H. CARTER REDD.

Hanover Co., Va.

Lime can be applied to wheat without injuring it after it has commenced to grow, but it ought to be applied to the land before the wheat is sown to get the best results. It will only benefit the crop slightly, if at all, applied now. Yes; you can sow the clover seed if you apply the lime. The lime will not hurt it.—Ed.

CURING SKIN WITH FUR ON. Will you please give me a receipt for tanning hides with the fur on? Laurens Co., S. C. T. B. BROWN.

See page 184, February issue—Ed.

TREATMENT OF FIELD TO BE MOWED.

I have a field that was seeded in alsike clover, timothy and red top in the fall of 1906, which yielded a fine mow of hay last year. After cutting it some time early in July, I let it stand and have not grazed it. Now there is a large covering of dead grass on it and I expect to have a fine mow again this year. Would it be best to let it remain on the land, graze it off, or burn It off? Please give me your views.

HENRY C. ADAMS.

St. Mary's Co., Md.

Rake off the old grass with the horse rake and haul it away or it will greatly spoil the quality of your hay this year by raking up into it.—Ed.

Early Chicks Pay Best

Take advantage of the first suitable weather conditions in early spring and "set" as many broody hens as possible. You may have plump, tender-meated chicks, from one and a half to two pounds weight, in ten weeks' time after hatching if you give them proper feed and attention. Any of the foods commonly given is all right and your success will be ample, provided you escape a large per cent, of loss from the very common diseases which trouble young chickens.

Most chicken ailments come from dampness or overfeeding. Keep the quarters dry and give a little of

once a day in one of the feeds, and you will save nearly every chick. Where Poultry Pan-a-ce-a shows its great worth is as a tonic to correct the first tendency toward indigestion. Its use gives the organs a proper '' tone "and maintains them in perfect health so that the growing chick is steadily deriving from its food every element required to hasten growth. Poultry Pan-a-ce-a (the prescription of Dr. Hess, M.D., D. V. S.) contains iron to enrich the blood and nitrates to cleanse the system of organic poisons. It makes hens lay, shortens the fattening period for market fowls, and, by its germicidal properties, wards off disease. Endorsed by leading poultry men in both the United States and Canada. A penny's worth is enough for 30 hens one day.

SOLD EVERYWHERE ON A WRITTEN GUARANTEE.

\% lbs. 25c, mail or express 40c ) Except in Canada 5 lbs. 60c; 12 lbs. S1.25 > and extreme

25 lb. pail $2.50 j West and South

Send 2 cents for Dr. Hess 48-page Poultry Book free.

DR. HESS & CLAR

Instant Louse Killer Hill:

ROBERT R. SMITH, PROPRIETOR.

Silver Herd Spring of

SHORT HORNS.

WleklUe, Va.. Clarke Co.

ROBERT B. SMITH, PROPRIETOR. Cfcarleatown, W. Va. r\p

Jefferaoa Co. —\J IS.—

Three 1-Year Bulls to sell, all by the Scotch Bull Mina's Secret. These Calves are from 14 to 16 months and weigh 800 pounds each; are wintering- under an open shed and doing well; six Bull Calves from 6 to 10 months, wintering under earn* conditions. Also a lot of Heifers for sale. I could sell a few Young Cows with Calves at foot at very attractive prices If a man would come to see them. Why not invest a few extra dollars in foundation stock of good blood and have your feed and care earn double the money common stock brings,

LOOK FOR DATE OP MY PUBLIC SALE, MAY ISSUE.

VALLEY COTTAGE FARM

BERKSHIRES.

Choice February and March Pigs. Herd headed by Dudley 83672, pure imported blood, and Longfellow 93437, pure Biltmore strain. Males $5, females $6. Pigs mated no akin. C. S. TOWNLEY, The Hogman, Red Hill, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

383

W00DSIDE BERKSHIRES

EVERYTHING SHIPPED ON APPROVAL.

IT WILL PAY YOU TO READ THIS CAREFULLY.

We are now offering a grand lot of Pigs sired by our three boars—Charmer's Premier, 94553, 1-year old, weight 550 pounds ; Master Lee, 79379, 2-year-old, weight 760 pounds; and Lustre's Carlisle, of Biltmore, 72057, 3-year-old, weight 790 pounds, and out of royally-bred sows weighing from 500 to 600 pounds each. Also Young Sows guaranteed safe in pig to Charmers' Premier and some extra good Young Boars from 4 to 8 months old.

We can always furnish pigs not akin. In order to show our confidence in what we offer, and insure satisfaction to our customers, we ship everything on approval. You need not send check until after you receive the pigs, and if they are not entirely satisfactory in every respect, you can return them at our expense and it costs you absolutely nothing. We leave it to you whether this is a fair proposition. Address

WOODSIDE STOCK FARM, R. S. Farish, Prop., Charlottesville, Va

MANAGEMENT OF YOUNG DAIRY COW. Please tell me the best way to manage a young cow with a calf so as to bring out her best milk-giving qualities.

LOUISE V. SPEN'CER.

Take the calf away from the cow as soon as it is calved and raise it by hand. No cow that suckles her calf ever makes the best yield of milk she is capable of doing. Nature regulates the flow of milk to the requirements of the calf, and long before the period of lactation which the cow should reach has expired, she will be dry, as the calf does not need the milk. To make a good dairy cow do her best, she should be milked regularly at the same hour twice each day. Every drop of milk which can be drawn from her should be drawn at each milking, and this milking should be done quickly and gently. She should be fed with a generous ration of sound,'wholesome feed, say, either clover or mix hay or pea vine hay and bright, sweet corn fodder, what she will eat each day and have a grain ration of from eight to twelve pounds per day made up of corn meal and bran in equal parts, and two or three pounds of cotton seed meal or oil meal (old process is best) until the pasture is good enough to give her all she will eat when the grain ration may be cut down to two or three pounds per day.—Ed.

PINE STRAW AS A FERTILIZER.

Tell.me if pine straw spread broadcast over land will be beneficial as a manure for corn. F. M. POWELL.

Southampton Co., Va.

No; there is little or no manurial value in pine straw It will help to

A [Great Opportunity

Is offered the readers of The Planter to secure Pigs sired by two of the greatest of all Berkshire boars. I have a very choice lot of Pigs now ready for shipment, sired by the great Hunter of Biltmore III., 86468, and Valaria, 88706. These Pigs are out of large sows of the very best blood and quality, and (like their illustrious sires), have great length, depth and finish. So sure am I that they will please you, that I will agree to ship

them subject to your inspection and if they are not what you want in every

particular, you can return them at my expense and they will not cost you

a penny.

BE SURE TO GET MY PRICES AND DESCRIPTION BEFORE PLACING

YOUR ORDER. D. E. EARHART, NOKESVILLE, VA.

No Finer Herd on Earth Than Mine.

The service boars or Imported Sir John Bull, II., No. 76416: Uncle Sam, No. 79671; Columbus Lee, III., No.

92309. right from the loins of Lord Premier, No. 50001; Fassifern Masterpiece, a fac-simile of his famous ancestor, Masterpiece, No. 77000. I have just added Belle of Biltmore, No. 100572, sire King Hunter, No. 79378. She should farrow November 10, 1907. Also a Canadian sow and additional imported Luster's Bachelor sows. I keep about thirty brood sows. A number of these are imported.

THOS. S. WHITE, Lexington, Va.

IF YOU WANT THE BEST HOG

Buy from those who givu their sole attention to the production of the greatest Berkshire Type

— WE DO

Our herd comprises the most splendid lines of breeding and Individuals that money can buy or experience develop in American and English Bred Berkshires. „_.

"LORD PREMIER OF THE BLUE RIDGE," 103555, the greatest living boar, heads our herd. If you are interested write.

THE BLUE RIDGE BERKSHIRE FARMS, ASHEVILLE, N. C.

TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN" PLASTER.

[April,,

lighten heavy land, bot that is about all it is worth.—Ed.

YIELD OF WHEAT HAY. I have thirty acres sown in wheat that I am thinking about cutting tor hay when it gets in dough state. The same land made last year about thirteen bushels of wheat to the acrp. How much hay do you think I ought to make to the acre provided it is as good a wheat year as last? Do you think it would pay me to harrow the wheat and give a dressing of guano? Forsythe Co., N. C.

C. E. SHELTON'

You should make from one and a half to two tons of hay per acre. A top dressing of one hundred pounds of nitrate of soda per acre would most probably poy you well in the increased yield of hay. We have known such an application to increase a hay crop nearly a ton to the acre.—Ed.

LOSS OF FERTILITY FROM SOIL.

Land planted in peas or velvet beans first year rested second year and allowed to grow weeds, planted in cotton third year. Will the weeds and rest take any ammonia from the land provided weeds are all .ploughed in for cotton? SUBSCRIBER.

Charleston Co., S. C.

The weeds will have used the nitrogen (ammonia) accumulated in the land by the peas or velvet beans in making and perfecting their growth and seed and there will be little left for the following crop. The "resting" of the land will also have wasted the nitrogen which is soon washed out of the land if there be no crop growing to utilize it. The so-called "resting" of land is a wasting process and ought to be abandoned. Keep it producing something either for man or beast and nelp it to do this profitably by good preparation of the soil and cultivation of the crop.—Ed.

CURING SKIN WITH HAIR ON— WORMS IN HORSES

Please publish a good receipt for tanning a sheep or goat skin with wool or hair on; also, a treatment for worms in colts. w. R FOX

Albemarle Co., Va.

The method of curing skins with the hair on will be found on page 184 of the February issue of this year.

It depends upon what kind of worms the horse is suffering from as to the remedy to use. If they are the common intestinal worms which are almost like the common earth worm the best remedy to use is to give twice daily for three or four days a drench composed of turpentine, one ounce, and linseed oil, two or three ounces, to be followed on the fourth day with a physic of Barbaroes aloea

Tuttle's Elixir

The Horse Remedy of the Age

No stable is now well equipped without this incomparable liniment on the shelf. It has cured more blemishes and made more horses clean limbed than any other remedy in the world. It never fails to locate lameness.

$100 Reward

Our offer is always open. Some cases have passed the curable stage. But whenever a cure is possible we will pay $100 for any failure of Tuttle's Elixir to cure Spavin, Curb, Splint, Sprain, Colic or Lameness.

It is the i main dependence of Veterinaries, Express, Livery and Transfer Stables as a

Leg and Body Wash

Beware of all blisters; they give only temporary relief, if any.

Tuttle's Hoof Ointment, Worm Powders, Condition Powders, White Star Liniment and Family Elixir are other excellent specifics. "Veterinary Experience," an

infallible guide for horsemen, is free. Every disease and symptom made plain. Write for copy. Postage 2c.

Tuttle's Elixir Company,

75 Beverly St., Boston, Mass.

Montreal: H. A. Tattle. Mgr., 32 St. Gabriel St. So. Far mi ng ton. N. S.: C H. R. Croclcer. Mgr. Chicago: C. F. Tuttle, Mgr., 311 East 6?d St. Los Angeles: W.A. Shaw, Mgr„ 1921 New England Av.

THE HOLLIIMS HERD

—OF—

HIGH-CLASS HOLSTEIN-FRIESI/XNS.

Cows with Official Records of over_21 pounds of butter In seven days.

Cows with Official Records of over 86 pounds (10 gallons) of milk In one day.

Heifers that have milked over six gallons of milk in one day (with first calf).

A son of the great Hengerveld DeKol, sire of 77 A. R. O. daughters. In the herd.

Five handsome, well-developed Bull Calves, from 6 weeks to S months old, for sale.

BUFF ORPINGTONS

FOR SALE.

JOS. A. TURNER, General Manager,

Hellins Institute. Holllna, Va.

"Fat or Lean, Yon May Have Them."

POLAND-CHINA

AND TAMWORTH

Two Tamworth Boars, ready for service $15

Two Berkshire Boar Pigs, 3 to 4 months old t

One Poland-China Boar, 2 years old, registered 20

Eight-weeks-old Pigs, April delivery 5

J. C. GRAVES,

BARBOURSVILLE, ORANGE COUNTY, VA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

385

RED POLLED GATTLE.

Will sell Thirty Head to reduce herd te fifty »•««** ■tabling: for winter. Special terms to those atartfar herds. Part cash, part time. The RED POLLS am beat for the Sooth or for the fanner anywhere. IDs-' amine their recorda for milk, butter and beef.

A few DORSET SHEEP for aale . We Imparted Back and Ewea from England laat year. First prlM at Royal Counties nnd Royal Agricultural shows.

POLAND-CHINA HOGS, Pure-Bred Poultry, Albemarle Prolific Seed Corn.

ARROWHEAD STOCK FARM,

SAMUEL B. WOODS Prop. Charlottesville, V«

•one ounce. Let the horse fast before •giving the drench. If the worms causing the trouble are the pin worms in testing the large bowels, injections in "to the rectum of infusions of tobacco or quassia chips, one-half pound to a gallon of water once or twice daily lor a few days, followed by a physic, are most beneficial.—Ed.

PLANT FOR NAME. "What is the name of the enclosed plant? E. R. BAILEY.

Lee Co., Fla. The plant is wild vetch.—Ed.

NITRATE OF SODA.

Please tell me what difference there is in nitrate of soda and the ordinary bread soda as a fertilizer, and what nitrate of soda sells for.

Beaufort Co., N. C J. H. RHEM.

Nitrate of soda is the most available form in which nitrogen can be purchased as a fertilizer It supplies about 15 per cent, of nitrogen, which is immediately available to the crops. The price varies according to suppiy and demand, but usually runs from $40 to $50 per ton. Bread soda has no fertilizing value at all.—Ed.

BERMUDA GRASS—CAPONS.

Will you kindly tell me whether or not the grass plant herein enclosed is the Bermuda grass spoken of in your paper? Will sod of this grass, if it is Bermuda srrass, catch and grow in a woods pasture, thinly growa over with pines? How will this sod have to be sown of a ca.tch is expected?

Will you kindly tell me something about the market in the South for capons, and whether or not a farmer could profit by caponizing early or late incubator-hatched chicks?

I am a young farmer from the Northwest, and have been in the South for a short year/

The Southern Planter, is far the superior of any other monthly farm paper. J. C. 1 COURTER.

Amelia Co., Va.

The grass sent is Bermuda. Bermuda is' very intolerant of shade and

ide Herefords

OWNED BY S. W. ANDERSON, BLAKER MILLS, GREENBRIER COUNTY, W. VA. A choice lot of Bulls, Cows and Heifers for sale; aJ a few Polled Hereford Bulls, recorded In the Natioaal Polled Hereford Record.

Write for Catalogue and Prices.

FARM NEAR ALDERSON, W. VA.

Telephone and Telegraph, Aldersen.

HEREFORD CATTLE

FOR SALE

Three-Year-Old Bulla, ready for* active service, Cows and Heifers with calf at foot or in calf.

These cattle are as well bred as any in America, and some of them are rarely beautiful in conformation and quality.

PRICES LOW ENOUGH TO MEET PRESENT CONDITIONS.

I have sold twelve head in the past two weeks, all in Virginia.

Keswick is on the C. and O. Railway, near Charlottesville. Visitors met at station. Intending buyers are respectfully urged to come to see these good cattle and to take advantage of the opportunity to buy low.

MURRAY BOOCOCK, Owner,

KESWICK. VA.

The Most Powerful Traction Engine.

The "New Huber" Traction Engine develops most power with least fuel because its boiler is the perfected "return-flue" type.

The cut shows you how heat from the fire passes forward in a large fire flue through the water and then comes through tubes to the smokestack in the rear. Thus, the heat goes through the water twice, giving double heating capacity. There are many other exclusive features about the "New Huber." We tell you about all of them in our new "School for Threshermen," which we send free on request.

No matter who you are—nor where you are—nor how you wish to use a Traction Engine—before making up your mind which one to get, you should send for this new book, which we mail to you FREE and post paid. "Write for it to-day.

THE HUBER MANUFACTURING CO., Dey«. 2, Marion, Ohio.

When corresponding with our advertisers always m.enti.Qn Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

therefore is not suitable for growing amongst trees. It wants all the sun it can get and the more it gets the better and more permanent it is. Shade of any kind will soon kill it out. The best way to secure a stand of Bermuda is to sow or plant cuttings of the roots. The roots should be run through a fodder cutter and be made into inch lengths. They will strike and grow at every joint. Seed can be bought, but as it is all imported mostly from Australia, as the grass seeds but little, if any, in this country, it is not at all reliable to germinate and grow successfully.

Caponizing has been practiced to but very little extent in this State. We have known of two or three parties who have experimented with capons and they reported to us that they did not find a satisfactory market for them in the South. They had to ship North to get a price which was profitable.—Ed.

CRIMSON CLOVER—RED CLOVER.

1. Please advise me if it will be safe to sow crimson clover in July with cowpeas, so that when the peas are cut it will leave the clover there to grow through the fall and winter.

2. Will it be safe to sow clover with wheat in September and when the wheat is cut in the next June have the clover there to be turned under the next September for wheat.

H. J. WILSON. Wilson Co., N. C.

1. Yes; this practice is largely followed in this State and good stands are obtained.

2. Yes; we always advise the seeding of the clover and grasses in the fall. If the winter is a hard one, they may be partially killed out, but it is an easy matter to sow a little more clover seed in the spring when this happens.—Ed.

COW WITH DEPRAVED APPETITE.

I have a cow that seems to have a mania for eating sticks, ends of plank and such like. Please advise what will prevent or stop this mania. She is in good condition, well fed on provender, corn and millfeed, with salt in her trough. Is giving good milk. I have a heifer that is acquiring the same habit. I suppose from seeing the cow. The heifer is well fed and fat. W. O. CHEWNING.

Spottssylvania Co., Va.

It is very probable that deficiency of lime in the drinking water is responsible for the depraved appetite. You may easily corect this by throwing a small quantity of lime into the watering tank. In such cases there is always an acid condition of the digestive organs and an antacid in food or water is indicated. Bicarbonate of soda given in food twice daily in ta-

What's

Mmm Here ?l

A good reliable tonic that will keep this litter free from worms, keep them healthy, increase the appetite, increase the digestion, increase the power of the system to assimilate and appropriate more food, keep them in a growing condition, get them to market forty days sooner and get bigger hogs. You can do all this with

STOCK TONIC.

The gain will cost less than a tenth of the feed you save or what you make in extra weight. Prevents cholera and other disease, "A Wonderful Flesh Producer." Hogs gain 3 lbs. a day each,

John Heibers, one ot my customers, ted Prussian Stock Tonic to his hogs that he was fattening and weighed them several times while feeding it, and they made an average gain o£ three pounds per day to each hog. Conrad Meis, Templeton, Iowa.

25 lb. Pail, Over 1200 Feeds, at Dealers or Prepaid.

Hogs Bate from Cholera if Prussian StockTonicis fed regularly and pens disinfected with. Prussian Knapo-Curo. IF YOU LOSE ANY HOOrS AND have been usinc Prussian Stock Tonic for thirty days as directed and disinfecting with Knapo-Curo, WE WILL REFUND for ail the Prussian Stock Tonic used. Knapo-Curo kills hog lice and all germs. Send for our book and direction, they are Free. Mention this paper when writing. p RUSS|AN REMEDY CO., St. Paul, Minn. Manufacturers of Prussian Hog Worm Powders, Heave Powders, Etc.

Glen burn Berkshires.

Lord Premier and Premier Longfellow are dead, but we have their beat sons. Our LORD PREMIER III. is not only a son »f Lord Premier, but in » litter mate to Lord Premier II. and a brother in blood to Lord Premier's Rival Our PREDOMINANT and DOMINANT are probably the best sons of Premier Longfellow. IMP. LOYAL HUNTER is a great individual. We have L*>rd Premier, Premier Longfellew, Masterpiece, Charmer's Duke XXIII., and Bnt Imported sows.

FORFARSHIRE GOLDEN LAD JERSEYS.

Write for Catalogue.

Dr. J. D. KIRK, Roanoke, Va.

THE GROVE FARM

BREEDER OF PURE-BRED BERK SHIRE HOGS AND HOLSTBIN FRIESIAN CATTLE. TWO FINELY BRED BULL CALVES FOR SALE.

T. O. SANDY, BTJRKEVILLE, VA.

YOU!

Against Water, Weather and Wear

Use "VulcaDite" Ready Roofing and insure your roof against damage by water, weather and wear. It assures long life to buildings and absolute protection to their contents. For over 60 years its superior qualities have been recognized wherever roofing is used. It is today the recognized standard Ready Roofing of two continents, is cheaper than shingles or tin—lasts longer, requires no annual painting; easily put on—not affected by rain or snow, wet or dry, heat or cold: is fire-resisting, acid-proof and smoke-proof. Put on over old shingles it makes the old roof better than new. Before you build or repair writt for free booklet, "The Right Roofing and the Reasons Why." Write today.

Birmingham Supply Co.. Dept. 39

7 IS. Forsythe St.. Atlanta. Ga. 2014 Avenue A., Birmingham. Ala.

TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

387

ORVEN PARK

The Property of WESTMORELAND DAVIS. Esq.

vittiA

Registered Dorset Horn Sheep.

Dorset Horns are one of the oldest and most valuable English breeds. Unrivalled for fecundity, early maturing and the production of early lambs. They are adapted to all climates and possess hardiness of constitution so essential to the improvement of the grade flocks of this country. In their pure state they are the producers of the early lamb—the most profitable phase of sheep raising. For crossing purposes they have no equal, and even on grade ewes the result is marked in the strong, vigorous and easily fattened lamb and the earlier season the lambs will wean. Dorsets are the best feeders, heaviest milkers, carry a heavy fleece of compact wool and produce mutton of the highest

quality. *W&k

The MORVBN PARK FLOCK of Ewes was founded on selected Ewes from the choicest of the English flocks. They are remarkable for their even and family likeness, their great size and substance, their hardiness and robust constitutions. They are very prolific—each season dropping a high percentage of twins and triplets are not uncommon. Their milking qualities are unsurpassed.

The Service Rams are chiefly imported English Royal Winners, and some have been shown in America—in each case taking all the firsts.

At the Virginia State Fair, 1907, the flock won two championships, two reserve championships, eight firsts and seven seconds. j

We are now booking orders for fall born Ram Lambs for June delivery. They are a grand lot— full of quality and true type with grand substan ce and bone. They are not forced, but kept growing to be fit for service Hhis season and will weigh from 110 to 130 pounds, averaging 120 pounds at six months.

ALSO BREEDERS OF

Improved Large White Yorkshire Swine

AND t _,

Registered Guernsey Cattle.

Address

LIVE STOCK DEPARTMENT, MORVEN PARK,

LEESEURG, LOUDOUN CO., VA.

mm

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,.

blespoonful doses is the common remedy.—Ed.

BUTTER FAT IN MILK.

Your answer to C. T. Roane's inquiry as to bad milk, in February number, is exactly the opposite to my experience in one respect; i. e., you say that a cow's milk at the end of a long period of lactation becomes much less rich in butter fat. Now, my experience is that although the milk becomes less in quantity it increases in quality, making much more butter after a long period of lactation, in proportion to the amount of milk given, than when the cow is fresh. I have inquired of quite a number of dairymen as to this, and they all say their experience is the same as mine. I would like to hear from some of your subscribers on this subject.

JOHN K. MYERS

Warren Co., N. C.

Our own long experience in keeping dairy cows, during which time we have handled hundreds of such cows, has convinced us that we were right in the statement we made in answer to the inquiry. This also is borne out by the majority of the tests made with dairy cows for records. Especially is this true when the cow is not only far advanced in lactation, but is also carrying another calf. The milk and butter fat function is largely a nervous one. Milk is formed by the constant breaking down of the substance of the cells of the udder into the proteid fats and, to some extent, sugar of milk. This process is fol. lowed by the rapid rebuilding of the udder cells. The quality of the milk depends upon the natural characteristics of the cells of the udder and cannot he altered to any considerable extent by the feeding. The cells of the udder being made of a substance similar, chemically, to the proteids of the milk, there must be abundance of protein in the food to constantly rebuild these cells as they liquify into milk. In a state of nature the production of milk is only continued so long as the calf needs it for its maintenance and the period of lactation is short. Artificial conditions introduced in the handling of the cows for supplying milk for human feed has lengthened this period and increased the proportion of butter fat in the milk, but this has been a slow process extending over many generations and only permanently established by careful, selective breeding and management. A reversion to natural conditions occurs with almost every cow as she advances in the time of lactation and though she be fed ever so well, constant lactation cannot be maintained. Nature will assert itself and the cow will go dry. It is true that the average butter fat content in the milk will not decrease so rapidly as the flow will do. This, as we have

SELMA STOCK FARM

PURE-BRED. REGISTERED PERCHERON STALLIONS, HARES AND COLTS,

Imported and Home-Bred. Blue Ribbon Winners wherever shown in France and America. Postively Highest Quality.

COME AND INSPECT THEM.

E. B. WHITE, Prop.,

Leesbura, Va.

LIVE STOCK AUCTIONEER.

I offer my services as a Stock Salesman to the breeders of the East In doing ae, I will say that I have equipped myself both by having taken a course at the Jones, National School of Auctioneering, amd by years of breeding and selling Pedigreed Stock. I make a specialty of Pedigreed Sales.

If I may be permitted to say it, I will suggest that I believe I cam render

Breeders better servloe than salesmen residing in remote parts of the country, aa I aaa

thoroughly familiar with conditions obtaining In this section. Then, too, I will

probably not be quite as expensive as to railroad fare, etc, and besides, I mast airs

satisfaction or I make no charge for my services.

Write me or 'phone me via Winchester over Southern Bell Phone far data*. Prompt attention assured.

Roy P. Duvall,

Stephenson, Va.

^ S' gMtJg 1 ?T- is

sj- ^

CORRUGATED V-CRIMP ROOFING, RUBBER ROOFING, TARRED PAPER. ROOFING TIN IN ROLLS A SPECIALTY.

WRITE US TOUR WANTS.

MCGRAW-YARBROUGH CO., Richmond, Va.

Just Write the Davis Boys

For a Catalog and Prices Today

They will send it by return mail post-

fiaidandyou will be surprised at the ow. reasonable prices they are asking for their Improved 1807 model

DAVIS CREAM SEPARATOR

direct from their large fac- Straight Wholesale Factory PriCOS ifyou writetoduy and tory. They'll quote you *"«'»«' hhuibmi. r«,iwf nug) answer this ad, and save you 20 to 60'£ if you wane to buy a standard, up-to-date cream separator. Note cut of newmachine in this ad. It's a little beauty with thesmnll.wonderful, conebowl, alwaysin balance because it's made so trueit balances itself. There-tore bound to run easier, more easily regulated to skim close and produce heavy or thin cream. Low supply can, large capacity, simple enclosed jearing, easy running, easy to clean. It's made of best materials and fully guaranteed] They prepay freight and guarantee safe arrival at your nearest depot Say on a postal or in a letter right now, "Send ins your

Mon.ys.vir.flCat.ioa no, t?(j •■ Davis Cream Separator Co., 54» North Clinton St.. CHIC«B8. U. S. a,

1908.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

389

Wyldewood Farm Jerseys.

Herd numbers 300, including some of the finest the island has produced, headed by the great sire Stockwell, whose abbreviated pedigree is given below, ........

r~

* X, ^

Imported Stockwell, 75264.

Stockwell. <

Sire Oxford Lad, P. S123 H. C.

f Flying Fox, €1441.

I

[.Oxford Lass, P. 3582, H. C.

{ Golden Fern's Lad, P. 2169 H. C 1 Sultan's Rosette, 149740.

( Count Wellesley, P. 92S H. C [ Oxford Primrose, P. 2252 C.

Dam I Golden Leda, P. §000 H. C.

f Boyle, P. 1559, H. C. f Golden Fern's Lad, P. 2160 H. C. J

(Golden Fern, P. 4711 H. C.

. Leda, P. 663B H. C.

f Golden Pearl, P. 1975 H. C 1 Eminence, F. 7124 H. C.

For Particulars of Offerings, General Information, etc., Address

Wyldewood Farm, Fredericksburg, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

REGISTERED

ABERDEEN-ANGUS BULLS

For aale at farmers' prices. Strictly Top Notch. Many of them Show Ring Animals. Also Good Females not akin to halls.

We are closing oat, at little over beef prices, twenty head of pure-bred, bat ineligible, females, foor months to seven years old. A rare opportunity for farmers to get pore-bred stock at little more than the cost of common cows.

Special prices on March orders for Ball Calves.

To avoid Inbreeding, we offer for sale oar Herd Ball, "Knobley's Editor," 66220. Age 4% years, weight 2,000 pounds. A magnificent herd header—broad, block and royally bred.

Write for booklet. CORRESPONDENCE AND INSPECTION OF THE HERD INVITED

R0SEDALE STOCK FARMS, JEFFERSONTON, VA.

Shipping Point, Warrenton, Virginia.

said, as a nervous function which feeding but little effects. As, however, it is one depending largely upon the protein in the. feed, if this is kept up and not diverted to other uses, the fat content of the milk will continue near the average per cent, of the cow's natural production of fat, but the amount of butter produced will become less each month of lactation and a less percentage of the fat will be recoverable in the butter. If the cow is bearing another calf, the protein in the food will be diverted from cell rebuilding to the building up of the bones and muscles of the unborn foetus and hence the milk and butter fat producing functions will be largely suspended and eventually almost entirely cease, as the cow advances in pregnancy until the calf is born when nature again reasserts itself and milk rich in fat for the nourishment of the newly born calf is abundantly given. The protein in the food is diverted back to cell rebuilding.—Ed.

! SHEEP DYING.

My sheep have been suddenly taken with some fatal disease, and I have lost four in two weeks. They have been well cared for and are looking fine and fat. There is not a flock in the State in better condition.

When taken, it comes on quick and the sheep will not eat at all and will walk and fall down headlong on the ground helpless and apparently seem blind, and die in from three to four days. "Will you or some subscriber of The Planter suggest disease and treatment at* once ?

STEPHEN ADAMS.

Matthews Co., Va.

Hundreds of sheep have died in

SUNNY HOME FARM ABERDEEN ANGUS CATTLE

Are the sort that "breed on," because of the superior breeding of the animals comprising the herd.

The herd bulls are "Baron Roseboy" by the famous Gay Blackbird, and "Jester" by Imp. Equester (the best bred Eric Bull ever imported).

Females are by Gay Blackbird, Beau Bill (champion over all breeds In America in 1894), Ermoor by the great Royal Eric; Eulalle's Eric, a Columbian winner, and by the noted Heather Lad II., and some of the best In the In the herd are by our own Baron Roseboy. "We have only young calvss for sale, but want to book you for one of these finely-bred ones befere they are all sold. Write

A. Ii. FRENCH, PROPRIETOR.

Stations Draper, N. C. • Byrdvllle, Va.

THE DELAWARE HERD OF

ROYAL ANGUS CATTLE

Is not surpassed either In breeding or indlvida*! animals by any herd in the East. At the head of our herd Is

PRINCE BAR ARA, 68604, the son of the great $9,100 Prince Ito. Females aS equally choice breeding. Write your wants. Remember, we take personal care ef our cattle; kaea no high-priced help; incur no expense of exhibiting, all of which enables us to offer stock a* equitable prices. Send for pamphlet.

16 Bulls from 2 to IE months old for sal*.

MYER & SON, Prop. Bridgevllle Del.

QUALITY POLAND-CHINAS

The large, mellow kind—NOT tl coarse and reach type. They ■»»< I good with saeh a herd header BLACK PERFECTION, a MB ot tl •Id kins; of Poland-Chinas, Chief Pe fectloa II. A few CHOICE PIGS «J BRED SOWS for sale.

H. B. BUSH A BRO, Mlchanx, Pawhataa Cowry, Ta.

UNTIL YOU INVESTIGATE "THE MASTER WORKMAN," a two-cylinder gasoline, kerosene or

. Its weight and bulk are half that of'single'^«^^g™'^^SJ^^^S'or'tlsSSH lLess to Buy-Less to Run. Quickly, easily started. Vibration practically overcome. Cheaply mounted on any wagon. It Isa TOmblna^on pomoiBjTOTOnwy or mu» •nglne. Send fob Catalogue. TU£ TJ£MPA.K PUMP CO., Ml"., Meagher and loth S.U.

DON'T BUY GASOLINE ENGINES

Ch Icu'ko. THIS IS OUR FIFTY-FIFTH YEAR.

■ 1 1 " I " I " I " I " 1 " I " I "1" I " I " I " I " I ' M I I I I I I ■ ; ■■ ^ ^ ^ ■ I ■■l■■^■ ! ■■^^ I ^ ^ I ^ < ^^ ^ ^ ; ^^ ^ ■ I ^^ I ■^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ I ^■ H •.l. l ^.H■, I , lIll ^ l I l |. I fr , | ■ I ■ ■ I I -1 ■ -1 -1 ■ ■ I ■ ■ I ■ ■ I -1 ■ -1 -1 ■ -1 - ■ I • • I -1 ■ ■ I ' 1 " M " M "|-

DIS PE RSAL SALE

..

Finest Jersey Herd in America

Overton Hall Farm, Nashville, Tenn. May 12th, 1008.

Increasing demands of my business have determined me to offer, WITHOUT RESERVE, my entire herd of 110 head of IMPORTED AND AMERICAN BRED, REGISTERED, TUBERCULIN-TESTED JERSEYS, including the Imported Bull, Brookhill Fox, the Champion of England and America; King Eldorado, the son of the famous Golden Fern's Lad, and out of the unbeaten champion cow, Lady Veronia, thirteen times first and champion of the Island of Jersey, the entire show herd containing animals of national reputation—every one a splendid individual, and not a defective udder nor a spoiled teat in the entire consignment.

This sale will indeed be a feast for Jersey lovers, as they can make their own selections and name their own prices. The wide range of breeding affords unlimited choice for even the most fastidious. The performance at churn and pail of each animal and its ancestors will be given in detail in the Catalogue, so you can see for yourself exactly what returns on your investment will be.

Don't Fail to Attend This Sale.

J, M. OVERTON, Prop., Overton Hall Farm, ---- Nashville, Tenn. J

Z SEND YOUR NAME NOW FOR A CATALOGUE. *

,| ,; .. ; T .. ; .. I .4~}~l~H-4" M .. i .. K. . H .-H-^^fr**^^

First Grand Annual Spring Sal®

OF THE

Richmond Special Horse Sale Company,

AT THE

SOUTHERN STOCK YARDS, Richmond, Va. Kit April 28, 29 and 30, 1908.

"ToNDTJCTBD BY SMYTH BROTHERS-McCLEART-McCLELLAN COMPANY, KXINE-THROOP, INC., AND

JOSEPH LASSITER.

" The'offerifigs" will include high class Trotters and _ Pa^er"i, with and without records; fast Roadsters, Drivers, Saddle and Business Horses; also Stallions of rich breeding, speed and individuality, fit for the track or stud; fine Brood Mares, Colts and Fillies.

A GRAND ARRAY OF SPEED will he offered, too, especial attention being directed to the dispersal sale of Montezeuma Stock Farm, the property of James C. Smith, Richmond, Va., who is retiring from breeding and racing, and will dispose of his entire holdings, including high class campaigners and money winners, like Estuary, 2:15%; Zack, 2:15%; Brooklet Chimes 2:16%, one of the »°?»*™» in the South- Alto Down, 2:17y 4 , a good and consistent race horse in his class; Nettie May, 2.24%, and others without records; also young Stallions, Brood Mares, Colt and Fillies. Full particulars of the numerous offerings may he had from catalogue, mailed free to any address.

~~ — RICHMOND SPECIAL HORSE SALE COMPANY,

Southern Stock Yards,

Richmond, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

southwest Virginia the past two months, due to Over-stimulating diet, such as corn, millfeed, cotton seed meal, etc., -producing first an acute inflammation of the liver, followed by a suspension of its function and yellow atrophy, which poisons the entire system, the toxic matters are attracted by affinity to the brain. The chief postmortem changes are confined to the liver, which is small and yellow, and easily broken, the gall bladder is usu-aly distended with greenish yelow bile, the small bowels contain large quantities of bright yellow bile.

There is no treatment in severe cases; they all die; mild cases are benefitted by purgatives of castor oil and a restricted cooling diet.

Prevention consists in proper feeding. Oats, bran and clover hay, avoiding corn and corn fodder, especially that grown on rich bottom land, which has been overflown during the past season. JN'O. SPENCER,

Veterinarian.

Expt. Station, Blacksburg, Va

FERTILIZER FOR PEANUTS.

Will you be good enough to let me know what fertilizer is best for peanuts, and how much per a ere and when to apply it? W J. COX.

Georgetown Co., S. C.

In this issue, in our article on Work for the Month, you will find advice on this subject.—Ed.

SCUPPERNONG GRAPE.

I was much interested by A. D. Dart's article in the January Planter on the Scuppernong grape. Will you kindly tell me through your columns if this grape can be grown in Albemarle county, Va. What is tne best time to plant, and should cuttings or the rooted vine be used? Where can either be obtained?

(Miss) A. G. DAVIS.

Orange Co., Va.

This grape will not succeed in your county.—Ed.

APPLYING FARM YARD MANURE-THRESHING COWPEAS—SOWING CRIMSON CLOVER.

1. When is the best time to apply farm yard manure and how is it best to apply it, as a top dressing or to plough it down?

2. How is the best way to get cow-peas out of the pods when picked off the vines in the field?

3. Can crimson clover (German) be sown amongst cowpea vines in August or September successfully?

CHAS. L. DYER.

Chesterfield Co., Va.

1. This question of the application of farm yard manure to land has been under observation and experimentation at the Maryland Experiment Station for a period, on one field ,of seven years, and on another field for three years. The full report on these ex-

USED FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN FOR 20 YEARS.

Sold by Seed Dealers of America.

Saves Currants, Potatoes, Cabbage, Melons, Flowers, Trees and Shrubs from Insects. Put up in popular packages at popular prices* Write for free pamphlet on Bugs and Blights, etc., to

B. HAMMOND. Fishkill-on-Hudson, New York.

Bitter than Shingles -and Cheaper

Shingles are getting so scarce and of such poor quality that builders everywhere are using "Vulcanite" Roof

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BIRMINGHAM SUPPLY CO., Dept.39

7 N. Forsythe St., Atlanta. Ga. 2014 Avenue A., Birmingham, Ala.

A Wonderful Medicine

FOR ALL

Inflammation

Strong in natural mineral properties and, therefore, soothing and healing, A. I. M. has become famous as the greatest natural cure for all forms of internal and external inflammation.

For Cuts, Wounds and Old Sores and Burns, for Sore Eyes and for all classes of Skin Diseases

Acid Iron Mineral is a Great Cura

As a remedy for Indigestion, Infantum Flux and other prevalent stomach and bowel troubles, A. I. 91. has proved a sure and lasting cure.

It is a Natural Medicine, obtained from powerful Minerals—man cannot make It.

Stop enduring the pains that can be cured. Buy a bottle of A. I. M. from your Druggist or General Store. If you can't get it, send us your dealer's name and $1.00 for two 50-cent bottles.

Acid Iron Mineral Company

Richmond, Virginia.

■

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER,

►*£• » T — T »» T — T « »%• *% •?»»%• %•?• »J- •■»• *J**,**^* 4

1908 = Allandale Farm = 1908

t

i Z

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t

ROYAL, SWELL, 34892, Bay Horse, 15.2% hands high, by Bow Bells, 2:19%, dam Rachel. 2:08%, by Baron Wilkes, 2:18.

A Trotting Stallion that lives up to his breeding His tabulated pedigree, which follows, shows him to be

in conformation, style and gait—a show horse all over. one of the best bred trotting stallions in the world:

Hauihletoiiian 10

-I

ROYAL SWELL, 34892.

MAHOGANY BAY with black points; near hind heel white. FOALED FEB'Y 5, 1901.

Bred by Marcus Daly, Bitter Root Farm, Hamilton, Mont.

A perfect individual with great beauty, perfect disposition, extreme speed, a pure gaited trotter, and as richly and fashionably bred as any horse ever foaled.

Bow Bells, 13073

Record 2:19%. Sire of

Beausant 2:06%

Matin Bells 2:06%

Billy Andrews 2:06%"

Bellewood A 2:07%

Prince Selma 2:10%

Bel Esprit 2:12%

Janie T. (2 yrs.) 2:14

(Champion 2-yr. filly;

Futurity winner.)

Ringing Bells 2:13%

Wilkes Belle 2:14%

including Boreal, 3 yrs 2:15%

Sire of Boralma, 5 yrs 2:07

(Futurity winner 1899;

.Transylvania winner in

1900.) Pan Michael 2:03

Own brother to Chimes 2:30%

Sire of The Abbot 2:03%

(World's Champion in

1900.) Electric Bell, sire of

Captor 2:09%

St. Bel, 2:24%. sire of

Lynne Bel 2:10%

Rachel

Record 4 yrs., 2:08%. Winner of 9 races. Twice

2d; once 3d; twice 4th,

and never unplaced. Great Spirit.. 2:11%

Dam of The Envoy (Peace

Comm'ner) 2:25%

Sire of

Bedelia B 2:27%

Town Founder. .... .2:18

Sire of Prodigal Queen 2:30

- Electioneer, 125.

Sire of

Arion 2:07%

Sunol 2:08%

Palo Alto 2:08%

And 163 others in 2:30 Sires of the dams of

Klatawah 2:05%

Dolly Dillon 2:06%

Lisonjero 2:08%

Wild Bell 2:08%

Cavaliero 2:09%

Crafty 2:09%

V. Beautiful Bells

Record 2:29%

/ nai iii vieLuiuan m'

J "The great fountain head ■ of trotting speed." Sire of

Dexter 2:17% Champion).

(World'

of

>. Green Mountain Maid

The great mother

trotters."

Dam of Elaine 2:20; Pros-pero 2:20; Elista 2:20%; Dame Trot 2:22; Lancelot 2:23, and 4 other 2:3 0 trotters.

r

brood !

The Moor, 870:

2:37

years

Died at S

Sulton 2:24

And others.

Minnehaha

Dam of

Baron Rose 2:20%

Alcazar 2:20%

Mascot 2:25%

Pawnee 2:26%

San Gabriel 2:29%

Beautiful Bells 2:29%

George Wilkes, 519; 2:22

Champ, stallion, 1868-71. Sire of 83 2:30 performers, and dams of 183 2:30 performers.

Belle Patchen, 2:30%

Dam of Baron Wilkes 2:18

e Wilkes, 519; 2:22

Champion trotting mare

Dam of

Belleflower 2:12%

Belsire 2:18

Bell Boy, 3 yrs 2:19% I

Bow Bells 2:19%

Hinda Rose. 3 yrs..2:19%

Palo Alto Belle 2:22%

Adbell, 1 yr 2:23

Monbells, 4 yrs 2:23%

St. Bel, 4 yrs 2:24%

Bell Bird, 1 yr 2:26%

Adbell 2:29% [

Baron Wilkes, 4758 ■

Record 2:18. Sire of

Bumps 2:03%

Rubinstein 2:05

Rachel 2:08%

Oakland Baron 2:09%

Seven others in 2:10

And the dams of Lady Gail Hamilton. 2:06%

Rollins 2:08

India Silk 2:10% fGeorir

Circle 2:11%

Great Spirit 2:11%

Willie Wilkes, 2:28

Dam of

Rachel, 4 yrs 2:08%

Great Heart 2:21%<J

Bowery Boy 2:15%

Bowery Bell 2:18%

Deluge 2:19%

Aspirator 2:24%

Dam of Great Heart, sire of

Wilkes Heart 2:06%

Thelma 2:09%

Namo 2:09%

Xava 2:10%

Gomez 2:15%

Gale 2:19%

And 23 others. Woodsprite, sire of

Hal Frey 2:09%

Miss Liter 2:18%

And 4 others Crystal, dam of

Cut Glass 2:10%

King Crystal 2:14%

Spanish Boy 2:16%

Crystalline, 2 vrs.

(1 in 2:30) 2:19%

Spun Glass 2:24%

Crystal's Last 2:27%

Crystalloid 2:28%

ROYAL SWELL'S get have fine size, are of show horse type and full of trot. He has some, grand foals In the East that will soon bring him into prominence as a sire, and his daughters should make as good brood mares as money will buy.

FEE—$25 the season, with usual return privilege in case of failure. Mares from a. distance can be provided for on exceedingly liberal terms for keep. Address

ALLANDALE FARM, Fredericksburg, Va.

Salley Southworth

Dam Chatterton (sire of

6 2:30- trotters) ... .2:18 Willie Wilkes 2:28

Dam of

Rachel, 4 yrs 2:08%

Great Heart, (a 2:10

sire) 2:12%

Bowery Boy 2:15%

Bowery Belle 2:18%

Deluge 2:19%

Aspirator 2:24

Wo-odsprite,, sire of

6 in 2:30

Crystal, dam of 7 in. 2:30

t t

i

i

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• i " i -i " i " i " i i " i " i ~ i i " i " X " i i i i " i " i -i i i -i i i i 11 1 wh-h-w i ' i i ' i i m -■ ^< ^ < l ■■ l " ^ ^ ^ ■ l ■■ ^ ■ l " ^ ' ^ ■ ^ ■ ^ ■ l ■ : ^ ■^■ H ■.■ ,I ■■ I ■^ l ; ^ l I 11 uu i > 1 1 t i f

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

periments has been just issued and is published as Bulletin 122 of that Station. This can be obtained on application to the Director of the Station, College Park, Md. Here we have not space to do more than give a short summary. Later in the year, we expect to write fully on the subject. The land experimented upon has grown the following rotation of crops: First year, corn (planted on sod), crimson clover (seeded at last working of corn).

Second year, crimson clover turned under for corn (wheat seeded on corn stubble).

Third year, wheat (timothy and clover seeded in wheat).

Fourth year, timothy and clover hay.

The results given in the table represent the average yields obtained from four crops of corn and two crops of wheat, thus passing through the rotation twice. The yields of hay were lost, so cannot be given.

The applications of fresh manure were made by taking it directly from the stable and spreading it on the land at the rate of ten tons per acre applied with a manure spreader.

In the rotted manure series plots 2 and 4 of field 38 received well rotted manure at the rate of ten tons per acre taken at each application from a larg heap of that material.

For each of the other rotted manure plots a ton of fresh manure was hauled out and heaped near the plot in sufficient time before spreading to allow it to decompose into a condition which would be generally recognized as well rotted manure.

The results given in the following table are the average of twelve one-tenth acre plots. Fresh manure was applied to six plots and rotten manure to six plots, the plots alternated. Comparison of yields from application of fresh and rotted manure on Field No. 38. Yields Per Acre in Bushels.

Corn Wheat

Bushels.* Bushels.f

Unmanured (average

of plots 5, 10, 15, 20 38.1 16.1

Fresh manure (average of plots 1, 3, 7, 9, 13, 1G) 70.7 19.7

Rotted manure average plots 2, 4, 8, 11, 14, 17) 65.1 19.1

Gain from fresh

manure 32.6 3.6

Gain from rotted

manure /27.6 3.0

Gain of fresh over

rotted manure 5.0 0.6

♦Average of 4 crops.

fAverage of 2 crops.

The yields of fodder and straw were in favor of the fresh manure and were in about the same proportions as given for the grains. The observations on the growth of grass showed decidedly in favor of the fresh manure and were even more marked than with the other crops.

Ab to when the manure shall be applied, the experiments covered this

,|D01WII5E|

■JSSSSSk

^BARyESTER?^^,

^IF NOT WHY NOT? ^^

IT enables you to get every particle of butter fat from the milk. You can't get it by hand skimming. You will have fresh, warm, sweet skim-milk for calves and pigs—a most excellent feed. When you skim by hand, the milk is cold and stale.

It saves work. You have no idea how much drudgery a cream harvester will save if you have never used one.

You want your dairy products to be of the highest grade. Everywhere it is the cream harvester users who make the prize products. That's another good reason why you should use one.

The International Harvester Company of America offers you a choice of two of the best machines manufactured.

The Bluebell, a gear drive machine and the Dairymaid, a chain drive ma chine, are both simple, clean skimmers

easy running, easily cleaned and are built to cause the least possible trouble in operation.

You should be satisfied with nothing but the best separator you can buy. The I. H. C. cream harvesters are designed and manufactured to be as nearly perfect working machines as possible.

Both have stood the hardest tests ever given any cream separator. Every machine is given a thorough factory test before it goes out. There is no possibility of your getting an I. H. C. cream harvester that is not right working.

International local agents can supply you with catalogs, hangers and full particulars Call and take the matter up with them, or write the Home Office. You will be interested in seeing a copy of booklet on the "Development of the Cream Separator" which will be mailed

on request.

International Harvester Company of America, Chicago,U. S. A.

(Incorporated)

AMERICAN SAWMILLS

RELIABLE FRICTION FEED

Ratchet Set Works, Quick Reoeder.Duplox

Steel Dogs. Strong,

CURATE AND RELIA

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Best material and work manship, light running, requires little power; simple, easy to handle; won't get out at order. BELT FEED MILLS

In all sices. Log Beam Carriages can be furnished with any of our Mills.

No. 1. Warranted to cat 1,600 feet per day with « H. P. engine. Seven ether slies made. Also Bdgers, Trimmers, Shingle Machines, Lath Mills, Rip and Cutoff Saws, Drag Saws, Cerdwoed Saws and Feed Mills. Catalogue sent tree.

"Rowe, Mass., October 24, IMS.—I have a N*. 1 American Saw Mill and send yen an order tor another Just like It I nm it with my 8 H. P. portable gasoline •nglse; have sawed 6,000 feet ef lumber la ten hours with it without any t rouble. I ase a 48-inch saw. Tours truly, BRADLEY C. NEWELL.

AMERICAN SAW MILL MACHINERY CO., 137 Hope St., Haokettstown N. J.

OUR AGENTS.—Watt Plow Company, Richmond, Vs.; R. P. Johnson, Wythe-rille, Vs.; Hyman Supply Company, New Berne and Wilmington, N. C.; Gibes Machinery Company, Columbia, 8. C.

TELL THJD ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

395

point also. The manure was applied at four different periods—summer, fall, winter and spring. The applications were made on sod land before ploughing and previous to planting the land to corn. The results were as follows:

Yields Per Acre.

* Average of 4 crops. fAverage of 2 crops.

Ploughing Under vs. Top Dressing.

Corn.

Wheat.

P

H «

■a

Before plowing. .87.2

After plowng 98.1

Gain from using manure as a top dressing.. .10.9

o

6950 7500

pa

I c

'3 t.

O

20.3

22.3

I

h +J

oa 1080 1160

550 2.0

80

Corn.

Wheat.

T3

■a

o

fa

6550 6450

I c

'5

0 19.8 20.7

I

cd

L,

CO

760 960

100 0.9 200

Q W fa |

2 2

Before plowing. .82.3 After plowing. . .82.6 Gain from using

manure as a

top dressing... 0.3

The above results are clearly iiy favor of applying the manure after ploughing as a top dressing. They also show decidedly in favor of the use of fresh manure.

2. There is a machine for threshing cowpeas now being made and which will shortly be on the market. The picking of the pods will then be abandoned. So long as they are picked, the only way is to beat them out with a flail.

3. Yes; it Is regularly done with success.—Ed.

ROTATION OF CROPS, FEANTJTS. I have for the past several years been rotating my crops as follows: Five shifts—first year, corn, with all manure possible applied before breaking land generally; after cutting off corn, put in oats or wheat. Second

*

TEN YEARS AHEAD OF ALL OTHER

CREAM

In skimming efficiency, simplicity, durability and convenience, the new 1908 improved De Laval Cream Separators are fully ten years ahead of any other machine on the market to-day. Thirty years of experience, protecting patents, and the many valuable improvements devised and perfected by the De Laval engineers in all parts of the world during the past three years are responsible for this fact. Every feature of the De Laval has been improved, from the supply can to the base. The new center-balanced bowl with its separate spindle is alone a triumph in separator construction and must be seen to be fully appreciated. Then, there is the new one-piece "anti-splash" sanitary supply can, adjustable shelves for skim-milk and cream receptacles, new frame designs, and many other but less important improvements—all combining to make the De Laval as nearly ideal as a separator for farm and dairy use can be made. There is the proper size machine for every size dairy, from the smallest to the largest, and no cow owner can afford to be without one of these improved machines. It will cost you nothing to see and examine the new De Laval and right at your own home, too, if you will but say the word. Our new illustrated catalogue describing the De Laval improvements in detail is sent for the asking. Write us at once and you will receive this interesting book by first mail with full information as to how you may have a free demonstration of the improved De Laval in your own home. It will pay you to do so and your only regret will be that you didn't investigate sooner.

The De Laval Separator Co.

Randolph & Canal Sts.

CHICAGO

1 2 1 3 & 1215 Filber r St.

PHILADELPHIA

Drumm & Sacramento Sts.

SAN FRANCISCO

General Offices:

74 CORTLANDT STREET,

NEW YORK.

173-177 William Street

MONTREAL

14 & 16 Princess Street

WINNIPEG

107 First Street

PORTLAND. OREG.

LIGHTNING HAY PRESSES

The Old Reliable. In Use 25 Years. HORSE POWER AND BELT POWER Our Various Styles Meet All Demands.

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Quality Gives Best Results. Send for Catalogue.

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WHIJMANS^weE

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Received Grand Prize, highest awarded on Belt and Horse Presses, World'!

Fair, St. Louis.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN" PLASTER.

[April,

year, after harvesting the oats or wheat, land ploughed and put in soy beans or cow peas. Third year, Spanish peanuts; after peanuts are harvested, land is seeded to wheat or oats. Fourth year, after harvesting the grain, I aim to put in some legume —clover preferred. This year my corn land will all be manured or have crimson clover for fallow and part of that top dressed. I am breaking the land eight to ten inches deep, with three horses. I have some years sub-soiled the land for corn and will likely break some of it so this year. The only defect I can see in my system is the following of the soy bean or cow-pea with the peanut, but I do not sse how this can be avoided very well. My yield of corn for the past three years has been, by careful estimate, from thirty to forty bushels per acre. The peanut yield last year (1907) on the improved land was nearly sevtntj bushels per acre.

I have a piece of land to come in peanuts this year, which grew a heavy crop of soy beans last year. This land is well filled with humus. What treatment would you advise to make a maximum yield? Would also like to have your idea as to my rotation.

A. R. CLARY.

Prince George Co., Va.

We do not see how we could well j suggest any material alteration in your rotation likely to result in con stant permanent improvement of the fertility of the soil with profitable crop production as an accompaniment. We think perhaps it would be an advantage to sow crimson clover with a mixture of wheat, oats and rye on the soy bean and cowpea stubble, so as to have a winter cover crop on the land and to make a fallow to turn down for the peanut crop. This would add to the humus in the soil, which is a great factor in successful peanut growing. This crop would also save the nitrogen accumulated in the soil by the soy bean and cowpeas, which is easily lost by leaching where nc crop is on the land to utilize it. Your corn crop should be larger than thirty to forty bushels to the acre and we think soon will be, if you turn down a manured clover sod for its production. Use forty pounds of acid Plhosphate per ton of manure, as it is made and applied. This will help materially to increase the corn yield. See also what we have said in this issue as to the time of applying the manure to the sod for the corn. In a reply to an enquiry in this issue, you will find this subject enlarged upon. In this issue, in our article, Work for the Month, you will find our advice as to growing peanuts.—Ed.

TOMATO GROWING.

1. Will tomatoes do well after cabbage?

Reming ton.

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for field and trap shooting, especially adapted for wild fowl, we present the

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It is reloaded by its own recoil without working a lever or slide. A large part of the recoil is thus taken of fthe shooter's shoulder. It is hammerless, shoots 5 shots and has an absolutely safe solid breech. Price, $40 list, subject to dealers' discounts.

Drop a postal for illustrated catalogue. REMINGTON ARMS COMPANY, llion, New York

Agency, 315 Broadway, New York City.

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Combination Buggy with Stanhope Bika pear and extra spindle i i'ri o complete, 934.SO. As 6 00< * * 9 Bella for |25 i

Bill Galloway Says You Owe Him a Letter or

TffiHi —^ —_ A j- "H Galloway says he's too busy ship-, ■ iRCltfl ■ 1 I111L ^ Manure Spreaders to write * Vk7&4LftA an "ad" this week. But he wants you to write him, anyway,and save yourself 650 just by doing it. fiend him a postal today. Then he'l 1 show you right on the jum p how to clean up 850 and make $200 to 6300 extra on your crop. He'll fix it so you can put his Spreader on your place Free, and work it SO days, just to prove bis claims, before you let loose of a cent. Galloway has the only successful Wagon Box Spreader. Seven Original Patents. His factory-turns out 70 a day. Galloway makes you a price that is right. When you g^t "his Red Hot Proposition you'll bo in for a Free Trial right away. Write Galloway this very day. Simply say, "Send Me Your Spreader Proposition and big Free Catalog," and address him personally* Wm. Calloway. Prcs.. WM. CALLOWAY CO.. 21G Jcifcrson St.. Waterloo, Iowa

Freight Prepaid lor 30 Day*

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

397

2. Which is best, land facing south, north, west or east?

3. Give me name of some canning factory.

4. How many pounds of seed for one acre? W. C MARSHALL.

Carroll Co., Va.

1. There is no reason why tomatoes should not do well on land that has grown cabbage if only there is fertility enough left in the soil or it be supplied by manure or fertilizer or both to support the plants. Cabbage is a gross feeding plant and, therefore, if a tomato crop be planted to follow the cabbage, the land should have plenty of plant food applied to make good the draft made on it by the cabbage.

2. A Southern aspect is best for the crop.

3. We do not know the name of any canner in your county. There are many canneries in Bottetourt, Rockbridge and adjoining counties. Froba-bly a letter to the Postmaster of some of the towns in these counties would secure you the information.

4. You will require to plant from 2,500 to 3,500 plants to the acre, but we are unable to say what quantity of Seed you will require, as we do not know how many seeds go to the ounce or pound. The seed is light and small and a few ounces will grow a great many plants. Probably your seedsman will tell you the quantity required for an acre.—Ed.

SEED CORN—A VOIDING CUTWORM INJURY TO CORN-HEAVES.

1. In selecting seed corn for medium poor land, would you advise selecting corn grown on land of like fertility, or corn grown on rich lands?

2. I have an old field that has not been in crop for three or four years, lias some broom sedge on it. What time would you plant it to avoid cutworms and get the best crop, if no fertilizer is used?

3. What is a good ration and condition powder for a horse with the heaves? R.

James City Co., Va.

1. We would select corn grown on land of the like character as to soil and location, but would prefer that it. should be richer in fertility rather than poorer. The corn grown on the better land would be likely to be of a better type and having a tendency to greater prolificacy as the result of better conditions for perfecting its> growth and maturity.

2. Late planting is usually best on land infested with cut-worms. They are the larva of a moth which lays its eggs in the summer and fall months and hatch and come forth to do damage in the early spring. The land should be kept bare of vegetation of any kind and poisoned bait be put out and this will be eaten when

Fortelling| the Future of a Painting Job

The outcome of your

paint investment, involving gallons of paint and

many dollars' worth of

labor, can be foretold, so

far as the durability of

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by examining a very small

specimen of the White

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to use. Paint is made of a pigment and a liquid, order to have the best paint, must be Pure White Lead, the liquid Pure Linseed Oil, and these ingredients should be bought separately and mixed fresh as needed.

To test the paint, take a small bit of the White Lead, before it is mixed with the oil or coloring matter, and blow a flame upon it with a blowpipe. If little globules of metallic lead form, the White Lead is pure, and you may allow the painters to go ahead. If the mass is stubborn and refuses to turn to lead, the outlook is bad. The White Lead has been adulterated and you will rue the day you allow the imitation paint to be used on your house.

The pigment, in

We will send a Blowpipe free

The connection between this test and the durability (and consequent economyi of paint is told instructively in one of our booklets. This book, together with a blowpipe to test White Lead, will be sent free to any house-owner who intends to paint this season. Ask for Test Equipment

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THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[April,

nothing else can be had. The besi bait is bran moistened with molasses and then poisoned with Paris green This should be made into balls and be put about on the bare land, or green clover may be sprinkled with Paris green and be dropped about on the field. After the worms have been dosed with these poisons, the corn may be planted with a fair chance of escaping injury.

3. See article in this issue in the Horse Department for remedy for heaves.—Ed.

APPYING LIME TO CLOVER-CRIMSON CLOVER—WHITEWASH.

1. Will it hurt to apply lime on clover (Mammoth) now?

2. Can crimson clover be put into a silo and make good silage.

3. Is there any danger in feeding crimson clover to stock in August, September and October?

4. I mixed a lot of Government whitewash and put it in a barrel and the lime has now settled to the bottom and the water is on top. I followed the directions carefully in mixing. After heating it, it gets thick and dry, and when applied to woodwork, it will not stick.

York Co., Va.

ANDREW P. PETERSON.

1. If the lime is applied when the clover is dry, it will not hurt it nor do we think it will much help it. Lime should be applied before the clover is sown and be worked into the soil to get the best results. In this column, in reply to another enquirer, you will find that we have discussed this question.

2. None of the clovers make good silage. Make them into hay.

3. Crimson clover, after the seed forms, is not a safe feed for horses, but we have never heard of its injuring cattie.

4. You should thin down the whitewash with water when it is heating until you get it the proper thickness to apply.—Ed.

TOBACCO FERTILIZER.

1. I have a two-acre piece of ground with gray soil with stiff red clay subsoil, which I wish to put into one sucker tobacco. How would 500 pounds of 14 per cent, acid phosphate and 100 pounds 16 per cent, nitrate of soda per acre do for this piece of land?

2. What articles would I have to use to make a 6-8-6 fertilizer? Also using this same kind of acid phosphate and nitrate of soda and mix it myself?

E. T. HOPKINS. Powhatan Co., Va.

Read our article "Work for the Month," as to the proper fertilizer to use for making heavy tobacco. The quantity of acid phosphate proposed to be used is much too large. Tobac-

RUITS

of all kinds can be made a source of bio- and sure returns

o

to the grower who will take the trouble to look into the vital subject of scientific fertilizing and the value of

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which insures full-sized, highly-colored and finely-flavored fruit.

Send for valuable book, free. Prepared by experts. Should be in the library of every farmer and planter for ready reference. Send for it to-day. Address

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TEAM POWERS

are as serviceable as any other style of power in everyway, better than any other style in many ways. This is particularly true when applied to planters' uses.

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Many the time you have use for steam.

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THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

399

co does not require phosphoric acid largely. It makes It coarse and of a poor color—600 pounds nitrate o£ soda 1,200 pounds phosphate (14 per cent.), and 200 pounds muriate of potash to make a ton would give you nearly a 6-8-6 fertilizer.—Ed.

TOBACCO GROWING.

Please publish in your next issue the kind and quantity of fertilizer to use per acre to make rich, heavy tobacco. My land is a deep, light gray soil, with a light red subsoil. My tobacco grows too poor and bony. The more ready mixed fertilizer I use the coarser and rougher the tobacco grows. My corn also grows too much stalk and too little ear. Would an increase of potash make richer tobacco and more grain? I have tried bone meal, and it seems to make the tobacco worse. Some of my land was in grass last year and some in peas. The peas were left on the ground, only the seed gathered. Would this need a different fertilizer from the grass land? J. F. WATKINS.

Charlotte Co., Va.

In this issue, in our article, Work for the Month, we have given advice and quoted the results of experiments made with different fertilizers in growing heavy tobacco Read this. It should help you.

You will have to correct the tendency of your corn to make too much stalk by selection of seed of a better type. No fertilizer will change this. —Ed.

ACID PHOSPHATE ANT) MANURE.

My plan is as follows: All the manure made in the summer and fall is used for top dressing my clover and timothy sod, and the manure made through the winter in the yard ana stables is handled directly on the wheat, and used as a top dressing, being too coarse to put on grass sod. I noticed in your valuable paper an article "How to Make Farm Yard Manure More Valuable, which has greatly interested me, but the experiments differ from the way I use my manure and I have never had any satisfaction in top dressing either wheat or grass with any kind of fertilizer. What I would like to know is would the acid phosphate benefit the manure any used as a top dressing? I have this season been using about forty pounds of acid phosphate to the l.O'OO pounds of stable manure applied on my wheat. Am I doing right or wrong?

JERRIE NORRIS.

Charles Co., Md.

Your practice is all right and you will find that the use of the acid phosphate on the manure will give you much better returns than the manure alone. Farm yard manure is relatively wanting in the mineral fertilizers, whilst rich in ammonia (nitrogen).

Plain Talks on Fertilizers

Improving and Increasing Tobacco Crops

No soil is rich enough in all the foods the tobacco plant needs to produce it at its best. Many tobacco soils, however, contain natural elements, rich in certain valuable plant foods, but lacking in others. And just as a dead or dying soil must be fed with a complete plant food, so these partially fed soils need specially prepared food to supply what they lack, and balance the unequal fertilization supplied by nature.

When these special nourishing elements are added to the soil, crops multiply enormously; quality improves, and profits are doubled and trebled. Tobacco is seldom planted nowadays without the use of some fertilizer; but the great point to remember is to have the right fertilizer in the sufficient quantities.

otherwise the results will not be satisfactory.

Over one million tons of Virginia-Carolina Fertilizers were sold last year, a sure proof of their great popularity and value.

The whole story of the composition, treatment, and productivity of the soils of the tobacco region are told by government and private experts in the Farmers Year Book or Almanac of the Virginia-Carolina Chemical Co.—sent free if you write to any sales office of the Company.

VIRGINIA-CAROLINA CHEMICAL CO.

Richmond, Va. Norfolk, Va. Columbia, S. C. Atlanta, Ga.

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TheYVRfi'Improved Weeder

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Strength of frame and flexibility of teeth are combined in the York Improved Weeder. The teeth are made of square spring steel with round points. Being' narrow they do not injure the plants. No clogging. , Ask your dealer to show you The York Improved Weeder, examine it carefully, and you will see that it has the advantages of efficiency and economy over all other weeders. If your dealer doesn't sell this weeder, we will sell it to you direct. Spangler Corn Planters and Grain Drills always give satisfaction—durable, perfect in operation. Write for our free catalogue. SPANGLER MFG. CO., 604 N. Queen St York, Pa.

"When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

It needs the acid phosphate to make it a better balanced feed for the grain and grasss which both demand a liberal supply of phosphoric acid to enable them to make their best growth and yield. You are using the acid phosphate liberally, instead of forty pounds to 1,000 pounds, forty pounds to 2,000 pounds will more nearly balance the manure. If you only top dress lightly the mixture you are using will be prob ably more satisfactory than the smaller quantity named, as it will give a better supply of phosphoric acid to the soil and this is the most needed element in all our Eastern lands.—Ed.

FERTILIZER FOR COWPEAS. I want to sow some cowpeas and I have some cotton seed meal that I want to use for fertilizer. Will you please tell me what will be best to gc with the meal. The land is a stiff clay subsoil. W W. CLARK.

Cotton seed meal is a nitrogen-supplying fertilizer and cowpeas do not need nitrogen applied to them, as they can get it from the air where it is much cheaper than it can be gotten for from anywhere else. Cowpeas need only the mineral fertilizers phosphoric acid and potash, and, on your land, probably only phosphoric acid is needed. Apply 200 or 300 pounds of acid phosphate per acre and work into the soil before planting the peas. Use the cotton seed meal on your other crops, or, better still, feed it to your cattle and then apply the manure made from it to the crops. In this way you will get two profits from it— its feeding value, which is great, and its fertilizing value, which the feeding ,of it does not lessen very much.—Ed.

APPLYING LIME TO CLOVER.

I have a sheep sorrel lot which 1 seeded to red clover last April, and I have a fine stand of clover, but I want to lime and, not knowing wbat time is best to apply it, I will be very glad if you will tell me. J. B. MORGAN.

.Nottoway Co., Va.

Lime is always best applied during the fall and winter months and on land that is under cultivation. In this way it gets mixed in the soil and exerts its best action. As you no doubt know, it is not strictly a fertilizer, but exerts a physical and mechanical effect on the soil and destroys acidity, thus promoting microbic life and the best growth of the leguminous and other crops. We have, however, frequently applied lime as a top dressing on grass with advantage, though it is then slower in effecting the necessary changes in the soil, as it has to be absorbed into the ground mainly through the action of the worms as it is only slowly soluble in water. If you decide to top dress the! clover,, do it at once, so that it may* get into the bottom, of. the

eliable>

ower

as a

arm

FARMERS are getting- over doing things the hard, slow way. The very general use of farm powers is an example.

As a matter of fact, the farmer has as great need of a reliable power as the mechanic.

Take the average barn for illustration. Locate one of the simple, dependable I. H. C. gasoline engines, such as is shown here, outside the barn door, or within the barn, forthatmatter,and what a world of hard labor it will savel You will have a power house on your farm.

It will shell the corn, grind feed, cut ensilage, turn the fanning mill, pump water, run the cream separator, elevate hay to the mow, and do a dozen other things.

The old way was to use the horses in a tread power or on a circular drive, to operate a complicated system of gear wheels.

The consequence was that most of the hard power jobs were hand jobs.

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established a new order of things.

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They save the farmer's strength, save him wages of hired men, save time, and enable him to do more work and make more money out of his farm than ever was possible before.

There is no doubt that on the average farm an I. H. C. gasoline engine will more than repay its first cost each year.

The nice adaptation of these engines to all farm duties is one of their most excellent features.

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It will be to your interest to investigate these dependable, efficient engines. Call on the International local agent and get catalogues and particulars, or write the home office.

abundant power at so little cost, have

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(Incorporated)

Evan's "Model" Disk Corn Planter for Corn and Peas,

Our 1908 Catalogue giving descriptions and prices of improved Farm Machinery mailed free to any address.

The Implement Company,

No. 1302 K. Main Street,

Richmond, Va.

With or Without Fertilizer Attachment.

It is made with steel frames, making it strong and durable. Plates are furnished to drill accurately from 8 to 48 inches apart, dropping the corn perfectly, covering it and crushing the clods. Also one plate for peas and beans. The gearing is chilled so that it will not wear out. has a positive force feed Fertilizer. Furnished with or without Fertilizer. The device for throwing corn and fertilizer in and out of gear is close to the operator and convenient to handle without stopping the team, ?hich prevents waste at the ends of rows. As straight a row can be made with it as with a single shovel plow.

TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

401

crop and near the roots. Apply when the crop is dry.—Ed.

A MARE THAT WON'T BREED.

I have a mare that is 13 years old; had one colt about eight years ago; tried to breed her the last two years and would not breed. Is there anything I can do to help in any way? A SUBSCRIBER.

Gloucester Co., Va.

The only thing you can do will be to use the artificial impregnator, which you will find advertised in the horse journals. Crittenden & Co., Cleveland, Ohio, sell the instrument. It has been often used very successfully, and if the mare will breed again this would very probably be successful. If, however, she is barren from any cause this would not be effective unless the cause of the barenness can be removed by an operation.—Ed.

INSECTS INJURING CANTALOUPES AND CUCUMBERS.

Last year, for the first time, a small green worm cut through all my cantaloupes and cucumbers. Can you give a remedy? I had my watermelon patch on the river and we had a freshet the last of May, which washed my patch away. I planted it again on the 18th of June, which was very iate. Thought perhaps that was the reason the worms destroy them.

HUGH BROOKING.

Orange Co., Va.

The damage was done either by the squash vine borer or the melon or pickle worm. If the squash borer this is difficult to deal with, and tue best course is to try to prevent his getting on the vines by planting a trap crop of early squashes or melons and when it has had time to infest the crop badly then pull the plants up and burn them and thus destroy the eggs from which the worms hatch and then plant the crop from which you expect to gather the crop. You should not plant on the same land this year, as it will be infested with the worms. If the trouble was caused by the pickle worm or by the melon worm, these two are worms which cut the foliage and can be poisoned by spraying with Paris green—1 pound ;o 20 gallons of water —when they are first seen, and if later they appear when the fruit is getting nearly ready for gathering then by spraying with Paris green—1 pound to 130 gallons of water.—Ed.

BURNT BONES—RUST ON COTTON.

1. Will you please tell me in your next issue if burnt bones have any value as a fertilizer, and if so what fertilizing elements they contain?

2. Also if cotton planted on land

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O-

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PLANTERS NATIONAL BANK,

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Capital $ 300,000 OO

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THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

vhere crimson clover has been plowed mder is liable to have the rust.

M. J. SANTON. Northampton Co., N. O.

i. Yes, burnt bones have a fertiliz-ng value. They contain and consist ilmost wholly of phosphate of lime, vhich is a slowly available source of phosphoric acid.

2. Rust is caused by an impoverished condition of the soil, especially 'rom a lack of potash and nitrogen, tnd probably also of phosphoric acid. The clovers, instead of causing the lisease are more likely to help to pre-r ent it, as they supply nitrogen. If >n the clover stubble some Kainit is ipplied to supply the potash the lisease will probably not trouble rou. —Ed.

WARTS ON MULE—WOOD ASHES.

1. What can be done for a mule vnat has several warts or fungus growths about the size of goose eggs >n different parts of his body. I have .ried carbolic acid and caustic potash vithout perceptible effect. I wish to enow the best way to remove these varts; also what to give inwardly to prevent their coming again.

2. Are wood ashes effective to correct sourness in soil, as they contain lime? A. BUFFAT.

Knox Co., Tenn.

1. If the growths are attached to -.he body by a hard dry cord cut them jff and touch the cut place on the end of the cord with lunar caustic. If r .he cord connecting the growth to the oody is a soft, fleshy substance tie a silk cord round it to arrest the circulation in it and tighten this a little every day until all connection is cut off and the fungus growth will then die and can be cut off and the place l>e touched with caustic. If 'the growths are flat on the skin they will aave to be burnt off, either with lunar caustic or the actual hot iron cautery.

2. Yes, wood ashes are a corrective of the acidity of the soil. This is practically the reason why they act so well in producing clover. They have also 4 or 5 per cent, of potash, which helps. The best corrective of icidity, however is freshly burnt limestone or shells. The ground limestone s effective but slower in action.—Ed.

BOURBON RED TURKEYS.

We have had several enquiries for r .his breed of turkeys which are not idvertised hy any breeders. We un-ierstand the following parties breed them: Mrs. C. W Price, R F. D. 2, Belmont, Ohio; Mrs. Ellora Sonne-tnaker, Glasport, 111.; Mrs. James Fleming, Vienna, 111.; Mrs. Allen M. Brown, Williamsport, Ohio. We are told that they are very domesticated and good mothers.—Ed.

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THE IMPLEMENT COMPANY,

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Ashland, Hanover County, Virginia.

JOHN F. JERMAN,

Headquarters for Virginia Property, Fairfax Va.

Washington Office, No. 1JM H Street, N. Tf.. and Vienna. Va.

If you want to buy a grain, dairy, fruit, truck, poultry or bluegraw farm, city or village property, or any kind of business proposition, such as hotele, stores llverf stables, schools, or any kinds of shop, It will pay you to .end for my 50-page catalogue, It Is full of bargains near steam and •Igtrlc ral^ road and near Washington. D. C, where we have the best of market. I am always ready to show property. I try to please.

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e Bought a Tubular

THAT'S what Mr. McKerrow did for twelve years previous to 1903. Then he bought a Tubular. When he discovered how wasteful he had been with cream, he says that he felt like "kicking himself." Listen to him:

Herkimer, New York. Gentlemen:—Did you ever feel like kicking;

?ourself? I have felt like that every time I nlnk of what I have been throwing away for the last twelve years. Six tons of butter carried to the hogs in that time! I made 315 pounds per cow in 1904, deep setting; 368 pounds per cow in 1905, using Dairy Tubular. S3 pounds per cow for 20 cows makes 1060 pounds: this at 28 cents makes about $300. I

fuess the Tubular has paid for itself all right, kim-milk worth double too.

Wm. McKeeeow. This is not an isolated case. Thousands of thankful families all overthe globe are rejoicing in the possession Of this profit-bringing, cream-saving machine. It seems like a friend ever after the first week. Even one day's lack of use makes the dairyman or farmer miss it tremendously.

Ten Things a Tubular Surely Does.

1—Runs daily for months and

months without a hitch. One

man writes that in three

years he paid out 40 cents for repairs. 2—It skims so clean we guarantee it to leave

only one-half of that left by any other

machine. 3—It turns easily, requiring one-half the

fower needed by other machines, t will run one-half longer without clogging than any other machine.

5—It delivers one-half less froth in cream than any other separator.

6—Needs only a tablespoonful of oil twice a week.

" -It requires little attention from the operator because every part is thoroughly tested and inspected by experts at our factory before shipping.

8—It requires one-tenth the time in washing required by any other separator.

9—The receiving csn is the lowest of them all and most convenient to clean and adjust.

10—A Tubular causes you no worry, fuss or muss. It's just a tried and true workman that is always on time; always sober.

A Tubular Will Pay for Itself.

We don't care where you live. If you own eight or ten cows you can use a Tabular and pay for it in cream saved in a year. Buy the easiest machine to fill, to turn, to wash. A separator that skims clean, needs next to no

repairs and saves you fuss, worry and trouble. It would pay to sell one of the cows and buy a Tubular.

Putting in Milk.

No high lifting; no slipping milk pail and lost profits with a Tubular. The waist-low can solves the problem. Skimming is fun for the whole familv from the six-year-old up. It is a pleasant anticipation .because the exercise lis not exhausting and the operation is without fatigue.

This is the way one man views the "high up" kind:

"Gentlemen:—To say that we are pleased with our Tubular is putting it mildly. We have used a disc-filled, bucketbowl for several

SHARPLE3 TUBULAR SEF^RjVrOR

years. We find that we have been losing quite a percentage of cream besides 'climbing up to the top of the house and pouring the milk down the chimney.' For ease of operation, rapidity, and thoroughness of separation, there is no comparison between the two."

Turning a Tubular.

All working parts run in oil. Every part is adapted so perfectly to the other that once got in motion it's a joke to keep the bowl spinning.

The oil compartment cannot possibly leak nor at any time allow the oil to spatter on or contaminate crertm or milk. The machine takes care of itself and does not worry anyone with clogged oil holes or leaking bearings. Thus your cream and butter are free from the remotest possibility of ever being rejected because of machine-grease, odor or suggestion of rancidity. This one feature saves you much worry.

Washing a Tubular.

Only three pieces in the bowl to wash, all easily gotten at. Nothing to rake and scrape your knuckles norskin your wrists and fingers.

One man who owns a "bucket bowl" machine

allows it to stand Idle inhisdaii-y house. That means $225 rusting! He uses a'iubularinstead. Why? "Not for all the money in the Universe" says he "will I break my wife's back, ruffle her temper or spoil her digestion by requiring her to wash twice a day those 35 'pie plates' 365 days in the year."

Fill Out the Coupon.

We have asked you questions which we suspect you will be willing to answer. If you will fill out the cou« pon and forward to us we will see that you get just the treatment that will make you a lasting friend of ours. We shall not force ourselves upon you to make you feel unpleasant and under obligations. All we ask is for you to give the Tubular a reasonable trial alongside of as many other separators as you wish, or alone. If it does not perform as we claim, you needn't keep it. -^

We feel no fear ina making this offer" when nearly 75,000 separators leave our works every year. This number alone is a strong proof that our claims are not overstated. Where you see a Tubular, there you will find a satisfied,enthusiastic owner. Be sure to get our catalog mentioned in the coupon below and learn all about this money-making machine

THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR CO., west Chester, pa.

Toronto, Ontario, Chicago, Illinois, San Francisco, California.

Application for Move Information About a Tubular.

190 6. How far are you from a railroad station?

The Shaeples Sepabatok Co. ._,. ....

Gentlemen:-I would like to know more about What is its name?

your Tubular Separators. In order that you may 7. Send me your catalog No.290 and other free

treat me intelligently I will answer the questions literature explaining all about the Tubular,

below which I deem proper. ! understand that this coupon with my signa-

, j _•„ o ture attached does not obi gate me in any partic-

1. How many cows do you milk? ular. I am filling out this coupon to obtain in-

_ _. , „ formation about Tubular Separators.

2. Have you a separator? What style?

Name ....

' 3. Have you ever seen a Tubular skim?

4. Are there any of your neighbors who use a Address

Tubular? Town State

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

DETAIL INDEX.

Cowpeas 382

Applying Lime to Wheat.....:... 382

Curing Skin With Fur on 382

Treatment of Field to be Mowed. .382 Management of Young Dairy Cow. .383

Pine Straw as a Fertilizer 383

Yield of Wheat Hay 384

Loss of Fertility from Soil 384

Curing Skin With Hair on—Worms

in Horses 384

Plant for Name 385

Nitrate of Soda 385

Bermuda Grass—Capons ..........385

Crimson Clover—Red Clover 386

Cow With Depraved Appetite 386

Butter Fat in Milk 388

Sheep Dying 390

Scuppernong Grape ' '' ,392

Applying Farm Yard Manure-Threshing C o w p e a s—Sowing

Crimson Clover "399

Rotation of Crops—Feanuts..". .395 Tom<^ to Growi ng„, : ■, ... ; ..,,.,. , ,396 ;Seed Com—Avpjcljng 1 Cut-Worm

Injury to Corri-^-Heaves 397

Applying Lime to Clover—Crimson Clover—Whitevyash 398

Tobacco Fertilizer 398

Tobacco Growing .399

Acid Phosphate and Manure 399

fertilizer for Cowpeas 400

Applying Lime to Clover...........400

A Mare that Won't Breed 401

Insects Injuring Canteloupes and

Cucumbers *. -401

Burnt Bones—Rust on Cotton 401

Warts on Mule--Wood Ashes.. 402

Bourbon Red Turkeys .j 4&$

y /y WHAT A BOY "CAJS 1)0.

' Any boy old enough t 0 drive can 'cultivate as much & re a in the same period of time ^s a farm hand, proving he has the Kraus Pivot-Axle ■Sulky Cultivator. This is not a new machine—it has been on the market for years and thousands are now in use in all sections of the country. For simplicity and effectiveness it has no peer. Built for wear and work it wins new friends wherever shown.

The Krause does all the work—no muscle is required. At will, while the machine is in operation, the shovels and wheels are moved simultaneously to the right or left by a slight pressure of the foot, while the width of row or depth or angle of the shovels may be as easily adjusted. It is simple in construction and operation and cannot get out of working order. High wheels and perfect balance gives it a light draft, making the work light for the horses.

Before buying a cultivator investigate the Kraus. If you cannot get it from your -dealer take no other-there is just one cultivator for you and it is the Kraus. Write the Akron Cultivator Company, Dept. 17, Akron, Ohio, for catalogue and particulars.

Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac R*R*

and

Washington Southern Railway*

THE

DOUBLE-TRACK LINK.

Connecting the

Line

Atlantic Coast Railroad,

Baltimore St Ohio Railroad,

Chesapeake A Ohio Railway,

Pennsylvania Railroad,

Seaboard Air Line Kail-way,

Southern Railway

Between All Points via

Richmond, Vs.. and

Washington, D. C.

W. P. TAYLOR, Traffic Manager.

THE GATEWAY between the NORTH AND SOUTH. PAST MAIL, PASSENGER, EXPRESS AND FREIGHT ROUTE.

W. M. TAYLOR, Trav. Pass. Agent.

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTEE.

405

YAGERS

CREAM CHLOROFORM

LINIMENT-

FOR

MAN

OR

BEAST

.

THE UP-TO-DATE REMEDY

and the Liniment universally used by all well informed people, recognized as the most wonderful and most certain of results for use in the Home, Stable or Barn. For general use it is the best of all. Especially valuable for Rheumatism, Sprains, Aches, Pains, etc. Prevents Croup, Pneumonia and La Grippe. Sold Everywhere—25 cents.,

GIVE IT ONE TRIAL-FOR MAN OR BEAST

PREPARED OINLY BY

GILBERT BROS. $ CO., Inc., Proprietors, BALTIMORE, Mfi.,

1

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

WASHINGTON" NOTES. A Great Contributor to Agriculture.

The first director of the office of Experiment Stations of the Depart-of Agriculture was the late Professor Atwater, and one of his earliest recommendations was for the issuance by the Department of a series of farmers' bulletins which should briefly and plainly describe important results at-•:ained by the various Experiment Stations, to be put, as he said, in a form "so plain that the intelligent farmer will understand it, so brief that he will read it, and so practical that he will take it to heart."

"The first Farmers' Bulletin," said Dr. A. C. True, the present Director of the Office of Experiment Stations, in speaking of this early recommendation of Professor Atwater, "was published in 1889. This series proved so popular that it was soon transferred from the Office of Experiment Stations and made a general series for the Department of Agriculture. Congress made a special printing fund for these bulletins and the Congressmen undertook their distribution on a large scale."

Considerably over three hundred o t these buletins have been issued, a large number of which were prepared 'inder the supervision of Dr. True, the editions of many have aggregated hundreds of thousands of copies, and the total output of Farmers' Bulletins by the Department has been many mil-ions of copies.

The annual output of these very popular bulletins by the Department now approaches close to the ten mil-don mark.

Ireat Value of the Experiment Station Work.

As a public official working in a vide way in the organization and man-igement of enterprises for the general good," says Dr. True in an eulogy of his late brother agricultural scientist, "Professor Atwater has earnea 'he lasting gratitude of his countrymen, especially by what he did in connection with the agricultural Experiment Stations and the nutrition in--estigations. To this work he brought «, well-trained mind and a true scien-mc purpose. He had the enthusiasm md persistence necessary to impress uner men with the importance of his enterprises and to carry him successfully over periods of opposition and tiscouragement. He had unusual abil-

Trinidad Lake Asphalt in street-pavements has withstood heat, cold, air, rain, snow, sun, acids, and heavy traffic for twenty-five years.

Ready Roofing

is made of Trinidad Lake Asphalt. No wonder it lasts longer than any other roofing.

Ask any wide-awake dealer for Genasco. Refuse imitations and substitutes. You want your roof weather-proof to stay. Write for Book 62 and samples.

THE BARBER ASPHALT PAVING COMPANY

Largest producers of asphalt, and largest manufacturers of ready roofing in the world

PHILADELPHIA New York San Francisco Chicago

BUY YOUR 6ATES

Direct from us and save the profit of the jobber, the dealer and the salesman. Our Gates are sold to you at wholesale, saving you 50 per cent. When buying from us you pay the actual cost of making, with only one manufacturer's profit added.

WE WANT AGENTS

In every county in the State. One of our agents sold twenty-four Gates to one man. No trouble in selling them, as they are without question the best Iron Gate on the market for the money. Write for our catalogue and special proposition.

THE INTERNATIONAL PENCE CO., jJA,.. Box 098, Columbus, Ohio.

tOaaSJ/iV* ••• -

Let Me Pay Tl>e Postage op My Big Free Book to \ou

<wMf resnaro* >>

Although it costs me 8c to mall every one of these Books, yet I'll sendyoaone FREE just because I want you to know about my Celebrated SPLIT HICKORY BUGGIES -Wde to Order—Sold Direct from my Factories on 30 Days' Free Trial—Guaranteed Two Years.

Over 125,000 Split Hickory Vehicles are now In use—giving satisfaction in every part of the country.

My Direct Factory Prices save you BIG MONEY. My 1908 Book gives descriptions and prices of over 125 styles of Split Hickory Vehicles and Full Line of Hlgh-Grade Harness—tolls you how Split Hickory Vehicles are made—and why they are best to buy. Write for the Book today. Address me personally, H. C. PHELPS, President.

THE OHIO CARRIAGE MFG. CO..

Station 291

Columbus, Ohio.

H.C.PMELP5 President.

WriteErSplMickoryBugyBook Tody Free ttgjigb&gab

ti&uftoivsv&v.

~ . J. v | csSSSEuSaS

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

407

- - * AT HARVESTT1NE - * - -

Every break-down at harvest time means time lost.

Every minute lost may mean grain lost.

Every bit of grain lost means profit lost.

Tou cannot afford to take chances on break-downs and delays with harvesting machines built of doubtful materials.

You don't have to.

Because the International Harvester Company has bought mines to get the best ore—built its own mills to produce the best iron and steel, bought timber lands and built its own saw mills—to give you material in your harvesting machines that you can always depend upon.

An individual manufacturing concern could not afford to take, such precautions to protect you against poor materials, but the manufacturers of the

champion, Mccormick, osborne,

deering, milwaukee, plano,

harvesting machines

save you many dollars by putting always dependable material into their machines.

The modern harvester is essentially a structure of iron and steel, and even as far back as the Mexican War time, the founder of one of the Company's plants, with only one factory turning out his machines, was compelled to join With two other manufacturers in the erection of their own iron foundry so that they could give the farmers machines built of good iron.

To-day, in order to give you the best materials in your harvesting machines, the International Harvester Company is compelled to own, in addition to Its fourteen complete manufacturing plants:

—22,459 acres of coking coal lands in Kentucky

—100,000 acres of trees in Arkansas, Mississippi and Missouri, with a 12-mile canal system, logging railroads, saw mills and other buildings

—40,000,000 tons of ore in Wisconsin and in the Mesaba Range with six standard gauge locomotives and steam shovels that strip the surface and heap a 50-ton railroad car in ten swings

—a complete 93-acre steel plant with three blast furnaces, Bessemer steel mill, Blooming mill and Merchant bar mills, having a capacity of 500,000 tons of steel and 360,000 tons of iron every year.

The consumption of every natural product of the country is so far in excess of the supply that the cost of raw material is increasing annually, but by owning these properties and purchasing all other supplies in large quantities, this Company secures every advantage of highest quality.

Every bit of material—wood, steel, iron, malleables, paint, etc., is subjected to the most rigid tests in special testing departments before being used, so the farmer buying an International Machine may be sure that the material is always the best.

(Only large capital and a strong organization make these advantages possible, because an individual manufacturer would be compelled to take what he could get and pay whatever price was demanded.

In shipping, as well, the magnitude of this Company's operations insures a great saving of cost.

Steel, iron and lumber are shipped to the various plants in train loads, while copper, rivets, tacks, buckles, canvas, etc., are received in car loads.

In July, 1907, the lumber yards at one of the plants contained 56.500,000 feet of lumber of the following woods: Ash, birch, basswood, cypress, cottonwood, fir, gum, hemlock, hickory, locust, maple, oak, pine, pecan, poplar, elm, spruce, sycamore, and yellow pine.

About 75 per cent, of the lumber is air-dried, which insures a very tough material.

These are but a few of the many advantages which mean the best quality in every International Machine you buy.

The several plants have also been able to improve the principles of construction, to improve workmanship, and to employ every means that will increase the machines' efficiency and durability.

YOU GET THE BENEFIT IN THE END.

Call on the International dealer and get a catalogue.

If you don't know an International dealer write us, and we will be glad to give you the address of the one nearest to you.

Equal in importance with a perfect machine is perfect twine. The most perfect twine made may be had in Champion, McCormick, Osborne, Deering, Milwaukee, and Piano, sisal, standard, Manila and pure Manila brands.

INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY OF AMERICA

(INCORPORATED)

U. S. A.

International Line:—Einders, Reapers, Headers, Header-Binders, Corn Binders, Corn Shockers, Corn Pickers, Huskers and Shredders, Corn Shellers, Mowers, Hay Tedders, Hay Rakes, Sweep Rakes, Kay Loaders, Hay Stackers, Hay Balers, Feed Grinders, Knife Grinders, Cream Separators, Gasoline Engines, Pumping Jacks, Manure Spreaders, Weber Wagons, Columbus Wagons, New Bettendorf Wagons and Binder Twine.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[April,

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1880

SAVAGE SEEDS

1908

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We sell the purest and best Seed Grain and Grass Seed grown in this country. Guarantee quality as good and prices as reasonable as any other house in the trade. Write for prices.

We are also large buyers of Home-Grown Seed Grain and Grass Seeds. Send samples and we will make you oilier delivered at your railroad station.

N. R. SAVAGE & SON

RICHMOND, VIRGINIA

ity in the conception and formulation of broad lines of work, and in attracting and holding men competent to give him such aid as he needed to complete his plans, put them into successful operation, and secure substantial results."

In connection with the great work ahead of the Agricultural Experiment Stations, Dr. True said (and while he speaks broadly, his work as director of the Office of Experiment Stations shows that he knows how to get salient information before the farmer).

"Already, the work of the Experiment Stations has created an entirely new agricultural literature, and laid the foundations for a sound agricultural pedagogy, and they must ever supply the new materials by which the courses can be strengthened and improved. But their work has a far more fundamental and far-reaching purpose; namely, to make agriculture a progressive industry and the masses of agricultural workers progressive men.

"As an arouser of desire for improvement and a stimulator to intelligent effort to make the country a better place to live and work in, the agricultural Experiment Station has its chief importance and its highest mission. And it is for this service that the Stations especialy commend themselves to all the friends of rural progress, for if these fountains of new knowledge are kept strong and pure, their waters will spring up forever to replenish the life of countless generations of rural people."

Assassin Bugs are Good Friends. The Assassin bugs number more than 2,000 species and 150 inhabit the "United States. They are predatory in habits, attacking other insects whose bodies they pierce and suck out the blood with, their strong, sharp beaks. Much good work is done by these bugs in exterminating other insects harmful

FERTILIZERS

LEE'S PREPARED AGRICULTURAL LIME

Never fails to give good results when properly used. Wheat is now selling at a paying price, and from accounts of the present crop is likely to continue to maintain present prices.

The present troubles in Russia will, no doubt, reduce her exports, and the foreign demand will continue to be good. The use of $3 or $4 worth per acre will increase the yield eight to ten bushels per acre, thereby paying over 100 per cent, on the cost, besides improving the land and insuring a good stand and growth of CLOVER.

LEE'S SPECIAL WHEAT FERTILIZER.

Our sales for the season of 1906 were 62 per cent, larger than those of 1905. Those who have tried it bought more largely the next year, and say they have a better stand and growth of Clover and Grass than they have from any fertilizer they have ever used.

LEE'S HIGH-GRADE BONE & POTASH.

FOR POTATOES, CABBAGE AND OTHER VEGETABLES.

IMPORTED THOMAS BASIC SLAG.

Millions of tons are used in Europe. It is the best and most lasting Fertilizer for Wheat, Grass and other crops on the market, having 16 per cent. Phosphoric Acid and 40 tb 50 per cent, of Free Lime. It is a COMPLETE FERTILIZER.

A. S. LEE & SONS CO., Inc

RICHMOND, VA.

..ELMWOOD NURSERIES..

—We are Growers and Offer a Fine Astortmen tof—

APPLES,

CHERRIES,

NECTARINES,

GOOSEBERRIES,

RASPBERRIES,

ORNAMENTALS,

PEACHES,

PLUMS

GRAPE VINES,

STRAWBERRIES,

ASPARAGUS,

SHADE TREES,

PEARS,

APRICOTS,

CURRANTS,

DEWBERRIES,

HORSERADISH,

HEDGE PLANTS.

WRITE FOR CATALOGUE.

J. B. WATKINS& BRO., Midlothian, Va.

HENRY C. STUART, President. JOHN STEWART BRYAN, Vice-President. M. A. CHAMBERS, Secretary.

1908 - ■ Virginia State Fair - - 1908

RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

OCTOBER 5-6-7-8-9-10.

In keeping with the primary object of the Virginia State Fair Association—the development of the interests of the Agriculturists of Virginia—attention is directed in this, the first, announcement of the 1908 Virginia State Fair, to the FARM PRODUCTS DEPARTMENT, a classification of Graius, Grasses, Vetgetables, etc., etc., of which 4s set out below. Special attention is called to COUNTY EXHIBITS.

FARfl PEODUCTS DEPARTMENT.

CORN.

Best 10 ears White Corn

Best 10 ears Yellow Corn

BBest 10 ears Mixed Corn

Best ear of White Corn

Best ear of Yellow Corn

■Best samples of 10 ears Pop Corn.... Best samples of 10 ears Sweet Corn.... Best display varieties of Corn on Stalk

GRASSES, WHEAT, OATS, Best quarter bushel Longberry Wheat.

Best quarter bushel Fultz Wheat

Best display of Wheat in Sheaf

Best quarter bushel White Oats.#

Best quarter bushel Mixed Oats

Best display varieties of Oats in Sheaf Best quarter bushel White Barley....

Best display of Barley in Sheaf

Best quarter bushel White Rye

"Best display of Rye in Sheaf

Best display of Alfalfa Hay, bale or

bundle, to weigh at least 20 pounds. .

Best display Orchard Grass, bale or

bundle, to weigh at least 20 pounds. .

"Best display of Red Clover, bale or

bundle, to weigh at least 20 pounds. .

Best display of Crimson Clover, bale or

bundle, to weigh at least 20 pounds. .

Best display of Alsike Clover, bale or

bundle, to weigh at least 20 pounds..

Best display of varieties of clover plants

Best collection of Alfa plants, not less

than 6 stools

Best display of Soy Beans on vine

Best display of Cow Peas on vine

Best and largest display of varieties

i of Sorghum on Stalk

Best display of German Millet in bundle Best display of Hungarian Millet in

bundle

Most complete display of varieties of

whole plants, including Wheat, Corn,

I Clovers and Grasses, made by an

individual or firm

Sweepstakes. For best quarter bushel of Wheat, any variety, to be grown by exhibitor. . For best 2 0 ears Corn, any variety,

to be grown by exhibitor

Display of Grain, Grasses and Forage Crops, In grain and stalk; 25 samples must be shown; exhibitor must be a farmer, but not necessarily the

grower of all the items

VEGETABLES, ETC.

Wax Beans, one peck

'Stringless Beans, one peck

Pole Lima Beans, shelled, one peck.... Bush Lima Beans, shelled, one peck. . . . Bassano Beet, for table use, six bunches Any variety Beets, including Stock

Beets, half bushel ,'.'

Flat Head Cabbage, any variety, six

heads

"Heaviest head of Cabbage:

One peck Carrots, topped, any variety.

Half peck Cucumbers, for slicing

Half peck Cucumbers, for pickling.... Best three Egg Plants, any variety.... One peck Red or Yell6w Dry Onions..

One peck White Dry Onions !

One peck Yellow Danvers, Onion Sets.. One peck White Onion Sets ". .

2 50

7 50

5 00 5 00

20 00

1 00

2 50

10 00

2 50 2 00

2 00

1 00 1 00

no 00

One peck Okra, any variety...

Watch this page for additional announcements in premiums on Horses, Sheep, Cattle, Hogs, Poultry, Domes

The unqualified success of the Fairs held by this As necessity to the farmer of such exhibition—and the help

Information with regard to any matter connected w Address MARK R. LLOYD, General Manager Virginia

One peck Parsnips, hollow crown

Six bunches Moss Curled Parsley

One peck peas, in pods

One peck Bull Nose Peppers

One peck any other variety Peppers...

Best six plants of ornamental and

useful Peppers to be shown in pods.

One peck Early Irish Potatoes

One peck Late Irish Potatoes

One peck White Sweet Potatoes

One peck Red Sweet Potatoes

One peck Jersey Yellow Sweet Potatoes

One peck Red Yams

One peck White Yams

Radishes, White, 6 bunches

Radishes, Yellow, 6 bunches

Sandwich Island Salsify, 6 bunches.... Half bushel Spinach, any variety....

Crook Neck Squash, 3 specimens

White Bush Squash, 3 specimens

Casliaw Squash, 3 specimens

Heaviest Squash

One peck Turnips, purple top

One peck Turnips, white top

Three Yellow Field Pumpkins

Three Sweet or Pie Pumpkins

Heaviest Pumpkin

One peck Purple Tomatoes

One peck Red Tomatoes

Best display of two varieties of Watermelons

Best specimen of Cantaloupes, green

flesh, any variety._._

Best specimen of Cantaloupes, yellow

flesh, any variety

For best collection of Vegetables.... 10 00

COUNTY EXHIBIT—Collector's Class. The products shown may be collected by one, or more than one. individual, but must have been produced in the county for which they are shown. The exhibits will be classed in three groups: First, all the territory west of the Blue Rid^e; second, the Piedmont section; third, the Tidewater and Middle sections of Virginia. Fruit products will not be graded in this competition. For a collection of the Farm Products enumerated above, one first and one -second prize to be awarded to each of the three divisions above noted. (Total of all premiums in this

group, $225.00) $50 00 $25 00

County exhibits of farm products should consist of a complete and attractively arranged display of the field and garden crops of commercial value in the county. Samples of corn should be shown in the ear and on the stalk, small grains threshed and in the straw, hay and forage crops in commercial samples and in stalk specimens. Grains samples should contain not less than one gallon of each variety, and no sample may be older than the growth of 1907. The awards will be made on the basis of 25 per cent, for number of different samples, 50 per cent. for quality and 25 "per cent, for artistic display. PEANUTS.

Exhibit of Peanuts, unpolished $5 00 $3 00

Exhibit of Spanish Peanuts, unshelled. . 5 00 3 00

TOBACCO—GROWERS' CLASS.

First Second Third

Premium. Premium. Premium.

Sun Cured, crop of 1908 $30 00 $15 00 $5 00

Olive Stemming, crop of 1908.. 30 00 15 00 5 00

Brown Shipping, crop of 1908. 30 00 15 00 5 00

Brown Stemming, crop of 1908 30 00 15 00 5 00

BRIGHT CROP, 1908—"FLUE CURED."

Wrappers $10 00 $5 00

Cutters 10 00 5 00

Fillers 10 00 5 00

Smokers ; 10 00 5 00

the Farm Products Department, also for information as to

tic Art, etc., etc.

sociation in 1906 and 1907 has proved the importance and

of all is solicited, ith the Fair will be cheerfully furnished.

State Fair Association. Richmond. Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

to agriculture. Such an assassin is the wheel bug, common through most of the United States. The egg of this bug resembles miniature leather bottles standing on end and in hexagona'i clusters, seventy or more in a group, and attached to the bark of trees, fence rails, or wherever the female happens to be. The young insect has a blood-red abdomen. While young it feeds upon soft-bodied insects. As it grows older, it attacks larger insects, and, when full grown, destroys large caterpillars. It captures its prey not by agility, but by stealth. The coloring of the adult being neutral, it crawls up to some caterpillar or other insect, advancing one leg and another with a movement so slow as to be almost inperceptible. When once with in striking distance, however, the beak is thrust into the victim, which is at the same time grasped with the front legs with a movement which is quite the reverse of slow. The digestion of the assassin bugs appears to be good, since he seldom stops at one victim.

The Origin of Veterinary Schools.

Many of the early wars in Europe were seriously hampered in their operations and in some instances terminated for the time by reason of the prevalence of horse epidemics. These visitations were considered, however, as acts of Providence, and little attempt made toward remedy. It was not until near the middle of the eighteenth century that veterinary schools were established and systematic instruction in animal pathology commenced. The first veterinary school was established at Lyons, France, in 1761, and the first one in London in 1791. The study of the subject was further stimulated by the invasion of deadly epizootics which followed the course of the armies in all parts of the Continent and threatened the annihia-tion of all domestic animals. Fear has aways been the best incentive to work and it was the fear that the plague would cut off the food supply that aroused the authorities of early days to the necessity of coping with the disease. Glanders was known to the Greek and Latin writers as one of the, most serious diseases of horses and asses. For a long time during the sixteenth century the idea held that glanders was not contagious which resulted in the loss of ten of thousands of Europe's best horses. Finally, inoculation and experiments proved the disease contagious beyond question, when its control became a simple matter.

The same thing may be said of pluro-pneumonia in cattle. For many years there waged a fierce warfare as to whether the disease was contagious, finally resulting in the estabishment of the fact that it was contagious. Many other animal diseases could be cited in which the same controversy was carried on for many years, resulting in

The Imperial Disk Harrow with Fore Truck

NO TONGUE, NO NECK WEIGHT, NO SIDE DRAFT. UMI. FORM CULTCuA* TION SECURED.

This implement embodies several new and valuable features and represents a marked advance over the ordinary type of Disk Harrow. Instead of being guided by a tongue to which the team is hitched, this Harrow is controlled by a two-wheeled truck attached to the front end of the frame. The wheels are pivoted, move under the frame and allow a square turn to be made. The truck exercises a positive guidance and control over the Harrow which follows it just as the rear wheels of a wagon follow the front wheels. The position of the frame on the fore truck is adjustable. This is important because to secure a uniform depth of cut the frame should be level with the surface of the ground. If the front end of the frame is too high the inside disc blades will cut too deep; if too low, the outside disks will cut too deep. When the frame is level all the blades cut alike, and uniform cultivation is secured. The hitch also is adjustable and may be made considerably lower than on a tongue harrow, the lowest hitch hole being only 14 inches from the ground. The line of draft is consequently lower and the pull of the team therefore more effective.

Send for our complete Catalogue, which gives prices of different styles of harrows, and our full lne of up-to-date Farm Machinery.

U/>e Implement Co.

NO. 1302 EAST MAIN ST., RICHMOND, VA.

fi fi

DON'T BUY A FENCE

until you have investigated the merits

of SUPERIOR FENCES. Made of 8,9

and 10 HIGH CARBON COILED SPRING

STEEL WIRE, locked with SUPERIOR

HEAVY WEIGHT LOCK —All styles, heights

and spacings —unquestionably the BEST FENCE

made for all purposes. Also a very swell line of STEEL

GATES both plain and ornamental. Cheaper than wood

PRICES LOW. EASY TERMS. Write for illust'd catalog

THE SUPERIOR FENCE CO. Dept. J CLEVELAND, O.

Trough for $2*4-5

Made of 1-8 inch Thick HEAW BOILER STEEL

"So Strong no Beast or Man Can Break or Injure." Here is the best and most durable trough ever made. Guaranteed to please you or money refunded. Will last lifetime. No expense for re-pairs. 13 inch wide x 7-inch deip x 5-ft. long, weigh 40 lbs., each 83.15 or 3 fo-17.85 aWtct my the freipki. eft. $3.15; 7 ft. S3.85; aft. .1.40; 10 ft. -4.CO. Don'tmls^thisgreatbargaln. Everyuog-raiser should write for free circular describing these troughs to t. K. BOWKS CO., <!"'J- <a< > take St., CMeifO,

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

411

the spread of the disease and the loss 1 of thousands of valuable animals. By no means all is known to-day regarding live stock maladies, hut so much more is known than was determined half a century or even a generation ago that we would seem, comparatively, to have reached almost the acme of knowledge on these subjects.

The laboratory of the Department of Agriculture for testing the chemical and physical properties of road ma terial, in collaboration with the Bureau of Chemistry, determines the character and suitability of material pro-posed to be used in any plan of road improvement and thus may save people who may be embarking on good road construction the loss and discouragement resulting from mistakes in selecting materials. The work of the laboratory Is practical and important.

All Go Up in Smoke.

Between the Federal War on the "tobacco trust" and the burning of tobacco warehouses by night riders, much popular attention is being directed to the tobacco industry. Sta tistics on the subject made their first appearance in the census of 1810. Virginia and Pennsylvania were prominently mentioned. The manufactured products of the former State, aside from snuff, were referred to as Spanish cigars, and American cigars. No

totals were presented for the entire country.

In 1840' the total value of tobacco products reported for the country was $5,819,568, with Viirginia leading; in 1850 the total was $13,491,147. The capital invested then amounted to a little more than $5,000,000, and the number of wage-earners was 14,236. But how the industry has grown since that time! The census of 1905 reports $331,117,681 as the total value of the tobacco products,, $323,983,501 as the amount of the capital invested, and 159,408 as the number of employes engaged.

The increase of women wage-earners has been remarkably large. Fifty years ago the women employes represented about one-seventh of the total number; in 1905 they represented 41.6 per cent. Most of the workers are engaged in the making of cigars and cigarettes as were 16,385 of the 16,828 manufacturing establishment.

Census Bulletins report that the consumption of cigars and cigarettes increased 27.5 per cent, between 1900 and 1905. Roughly speaking, in the thirty-five years ended January 1, 1905, the consumption of cigars increased sevenfold, and the population of the country but twofold. In the calendar year 1904, a total of 7,376,-669, 742 cigars were made in this country and 3,433,993,422 cigarettes.

In addition large numbers were imported.

The census of 1905 dwells on the interesting circumstance that the manufacture of cigars and cigarettes is one of the few factory industries to be found in every State and Territory. New York led in the returns with a product valued at $60,623,617. Mississippi came last, with a total of $9,310.

Alsike clover is a prime wet land crop. It will thrive on the low, soggy places of the fam whether other grasses fail to make a crop worth the cutting. It produces a finer quality of hay than ordinary clover and is readily eaten by stock. Mr. Henry Wal lace, of Iowa, never tires of preaching the growing of alsike clover on any soil too damp for other crops.

Mr. C. A. Carlisle, of the great Studebaker firm, says that pure-bred stock has a wonderful stimulating influence in developing a keener interest for the boy and the man on the farm and develops better care, more careful handling, judicious mating, and results in greater profits, pleasure and pride.

The first great step toward improvement of the herd is the discovery, by scales and test, of the cows whose product does not pay for their keep just as the improvement of a flock results from the weeding out of the hen that eats .her head off.

A Summer Necessity

Because the New Perfection Wick Blue Flame Oil Cook-Stove concentrates heat at the openings on the stove top, it boils and bakes in less time than a coal or wood stove, which wastes heat by radiating to the farthest corner of the room.

This is the reason, too, why the New Perfection " keeps your kitchen so uniformly cool while you're working in it.

This wonderful comfort-quality, combined with great convenience and economy, makes the

NEW PERFECTION

Wick Blue Flame 00 Cook-Stove

the best of all stoves—especially for summer use. If heretofore you have considered it impossible to do kitchen work in a restful way a trial of the "New Perfection" Oil Stove will surprise you. Made in three sizes, fully warranted. If not with your dealer, write our nearest agency.

f?5V%/{\ T A 1WP ^ y° u are trou ^ ec ^ by flickering gas and large quarterly ■MX&MfU JuxxJ Am bills for the same, get a Rayo Lamp—the best, hand-

somest and most economical light for a home, write our nearest agency.

STANDARD OIL COMPANY (Incorporated)

If not with your dealer,

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

The best American cattle have the top of the market in England. They are considered better than those imported from Canada or from Argentina. A great deal of American beef, too, is sold and eaten as British beef.

Farm improvements are usually good investments, but it is not always wise to make them at the expense of increasing the mortgage.

GUY ELLIOTT MITCHELL

GUSTATORIAL.

A summer tourist was passing through a German village in the West recently, when a stout German girl came to the front door and called to a small girl playing in front.

"Gusty! Gusty!" she said, "Come in and eat yourself. Ma's on the table, and pa's half et!"—Lippincott's.

POOR CONSOLATION.

Aunt Lucindy was in deep distress over the loss of her son, Jim, and a neighbor sought to console her, saying:

"Don't grieve for him, Aunt Lucindy. He has gone to a land flowing with milk and honey."

With a dismal countenance, the old darky replied:

"Jim never did like milk, an' honey always make him sick."—Lippincott's.

[April,

HEADED CABBAGE IN APRIL

Amherst Co., Va., Dec. 21, '07. Your articles on poultry alone are worth the price of the Southern Planter. JAS. H. WHITTEN.

you can have by planting the James Ray Geraty Company's Frost-Proof Cabbage Plants. Guaranteed to stand 18 above zero without Injury. Four hundred plants, express charges prepaid on Southern Express Company's lines, for $1. Market gardeners in Tennessee and Kentucky are buying In orders ranging from 500,000 and 1,000,000 at a time.

Write JAMBS RAY GERATY COMPANY, Telegraph Office, Youngs Isand, S. C. p. o. Adams Rub, S. O.

TREES.

First Class Nursery Stock of all kinds.

WHOLESALE

AND

RETAIL,

We make a specialty of handling dealers' orders. ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME.

CALIFORNIA PRIVET. Isr Hedglse. WRITE FOR CATALORUB.

. . AGENTS WANTED. . .

FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., Baltimore), Md.

Our New Hopper Jacket Engine on

r

This company has been making engines—and nothing else—for thirty years. We are engine specialists.

It stands to reason that a big, successful concern like this, that makes one thing, must make that one thing well.

Our new factory Is the most complete and up-to-date engine factory in the United States. Because of its complete equipment we can build engines of the highest efficiency at the very lowest cost.

That is why we can give you a durable, simple, strong, highest-grade, perfect-working, long-lived engine at a low price.

This liberal proposition is the crowning reason, on top of a lot of good common sens* ones, why you should buy an Olds Engine and none other.

We Have Any Kind of an Engine You Want

Our new catalogue tells about them In detail. I especially want to call your attention to our Hopper Jacket Engine on skids or wheels, S to 12 H. P., which is ready to run when you get it. Fill It with gasoline, throw en the switch, turn the wheel—that's all. No piping to connect, nothing to set up, always ready, can be moved anywhere.

I want you to get the most literal proposition ever made on a Gasoline Engine. It will save Ten money. When a company like this, the eldest and biggest exclusive gasoline engine manufacturers in the country, make such a proposition, It means something. I have placed my proposition In the hand.-of our representatives. Write to them or to mo, and

you will receive it by return malL

JAS. B. SSLA.GER, Gen. Mgr. Olda Gas Power Co. The Olds Engine is the best and cheapest Engine yon can buy. It is the simplest In construction, mos» economical to run, will do your work at the smallest

expense, and does not get out of ecgeCc

Skids.

All Olda Engines run properly, are easy to start, winter and summer. The U. S. Government uses them.

Don't fall to write for our Dew catalogue and the liberal propositions at once. Address the home office or any representative.

Do not buy any other engine until you have got my liberal proposition. It Is something annsuaL You certainly want to know about It.

OLDS GAS POWER CO.

Heme Office, 949 Seager St., Lansing, Mich-Boston, (9-76 Washington St., N. San Francisco, Cor. Jessie and Ecker Sts. Kansas City, 1226 W. Eleventh St. Omaha, 1018 Farnum St. Binghamton, N. T., 11 Washington St. Minneapolis, 113 S. Third St Philadelphia, 181C Market St. Portland, Oregon. Elgin, 111. Kempten, Pa. Houston, Texas. Norfolk, Va. Miami, Fla.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

413

CLUBBINQ LIST

In this list will be found prices on papers, magazines and periodicals which are most called for by our readers. We have club rates with nearly all reputable publications, and will quote them on request. DAILIES.

WITH ALONE S. P.

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va $6 00 $6 00

Times-Dispatch (without Sunday) 4 00 4 00

News-Leader, Richmond, Va 3 00 3 00

The Post, Washington D. C 6 00 6 00

The Sun, Baltimore, Md.. 3 00 3 40 THRICE A WEEK.

The World, New York 1 00 1 25

WEEKLIES.

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va 1 06 1 2S*|

Southern Churchman, Richmond, Va 2 00 2 25

Central Presbyterian, Richmond, Va 2 00 2 25

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00

Breeders' Gazette 2 00 1 50

Country Gentleman 1 50 1 75

National Stockman and Farmer 1 00 100

Hoard's Dairyman 100 1 30

Memphis News-Scimitar... 50 75 SEMI-MONTHLY.

Kimball's Dairy Farmer.. 1 00 75

MONTHLIES.

The Century 4 00 4 25

St. Nicholas 3 00 3 25

Lippincott's 2 50 2 50

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00

Delineator 100 140

Harper's Bazaar 1 00 1 40

Scribner's 3 00 3 25

American 1 00 1 35

Cosmopolitan 1 00 1 35

Everybody's 1 50 1 75

Munsey 1 00 1 35

The Strand 1 20 1 50

Madame 100 1 00

Argosy 1 00 1 35

Review of Reviews 3 00

Field and Stream 1 50

3 00 1 50

Woman's Home Companion 1 00 1 25 Reliable Poultry Journal..

Industrious Hen

Poultry Success

Blood Stock

Successful Farming

Amer. Fruit and Nut Jour. Southern Fruit Grower..

Shepherd's Criterion

Con*mercial Poultry

When two or more publications are wanted, the price for them can be found by deducting 50 cents from "price with Sottthekn Planteb."

We cannot, under any circumstances, furnish sample copies of other publications.

We will cheerfully quote our best price on any line of publications submitted tp us.

THE IMPROVED RANEY CANNING OUTFITS

Made in all sizes and prices from $5.00 up, and suited to both

HOME AND MARKET CANNING

We have made many special improvements for the coming season, and are determined that no one living shall give better value for the same money. Our catalogue will give full particulars, and much valuable information. Every farmer and housekeeper in the land should have it and learn of the great improvements that have been made in putting up fruits and vegetables. We are glad to mail it to any one interested.

The Raney Canner Company, Chapel Hill, N. C.

Here's An Interesting Use For the

Handy Wagon As Portable

Convict Quarters

It's indeed surprising to realize the various purposes for which the famous "Electric" Handy Wagon has been used ali over the world. The above picture shows the Portable Convict Quarters as used by the County Commissioners of Etowah County, Alabama, and looks like a bos car set on top of a Handy Wagon.

As it takes four mules to pull the quarters, it can readily be seen how strong and durable these Handy wagons must be. They are used all through the South in this way and are regular living houses for the convicts as they are hauled from place to place to build roads. The prisoners are confined in the box-like car top at night and this car shown above will accommodate from 25 to 30 men.

Good roads are being built in this way all through the South. And naturally there is a fast growing tendency among the people to keep the roads good by passing wide-tire laws. These low Handy Wagon Steel Wheels are wide-tire wheels and farmers and planters everywhere are using them. They are also much lighter draft.

One reason we have for showing the above picture in telling our readers of this is that the "Electric" Handy Wagon is such an all around useful wagon to have on any farm or plantation. It's most economical to buy, most convenient to use and its low steel wheels with broad tires make it the easiest wagon to work with as there is no high lifting and it is very much lighter draft than high wooden wheel wagons.

We believe that every one of our readers will be intensely interested in the handsome color illu-

trated catalog of the Electric Wheel Company of Quincy, III., who make these Handy Wagons and Electric Steel Wheels of which over a million have been sold in all parts of the world. This company's free catalog shows over 125 pictures from actual photographs, illustrating the use of their Handy Wagons and Steel Wheels and specially designed Steel Trucks of all kinds, and you will find it most interesting to see, for example, the kind of a truck used at John D. Rockefeller's estate for moving enormous trees.

You will also be interested to see and read about Electric Handy Wagons as made for farmers and planters in Cuba, Porto Rico and Mexico as well as for miners in Alaska and for various uses all over the world. More especially, you will be interested to see the economical saving in time, labor and in first cost, and to read the descriptions of Electric Handy Wagons as well as Electric Steel Wheels which would prove most useful on your own place.

Find out all about this subject for your own good and learn the good reasons why farmers and planters all over Jhe United States have bought Electric Steel Wheels to put on their own wagon trucks—more than a million of these wheels.

Just write your name and address on a postal card and say that you are one of our readers and address it to the Electric Wheel Company, Quincy, 111., and they will promptly send you their valuable and interesting Book. Be sure to mention that you are one of our readers, to get it promptly.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[April,

THE GALLOWAY SPREADER. We publish herewith a very good illustration of the Galloway Manure Spreader, which has very largely revolutionized the spreader business in the last two or three years. The maker is William Galloway, of Waterloo, Iowa, a man who is, himself, a large land owner and farmer, who knows practically the benefit of spreading manure by machinery, knows what a manure spreader should be, and knows what is a fair price to sell it at. When Mr. Galloway a few years ago perfected his spreader, and put it on the market at something like $55, there were numerous prophecies that his enterprise would be short lived. Even farmers had been led to believe that a high-class spreader could not be sold at such a price. The answer to these prophe-

cies is to be found in the monumental Galloway spreader business of this day. Mr. Galloway's spreader, as is well known to most of our readers, is of the wagon box type—that is, he manufactures and furnishes the spreader box with all the operating machinery, and allows the farmers to use it on their own wagon running gears. That may be called the "Gal-laway Idea." We believe it is original with him. It enables him to put the price of a high-class speaker where every farmer could afford to own one. The Galloway Spreader has borne the test. He knows he Is justified in his fearless and broad offer of a free trial of thirty days to all responsible farmers. The machine is making good. The price is extremely low. The spreaders at work are helping Mr. Galloway to sell more

spreaders. Another thing that has been a great help to Mr. Galloway in the revolution he is working in the manure spreader business is the liking farmers have for the direct from the factory to the farm plan. That is a cardinal Galloway principle.

5-10-'06. Epworth, N. C. Dear Sir—Hawks visited my chickens every day. After using your Chicken Powder they came no more.

Yours truly, J. B. PITTMAN.

7-30-'06. Massaponax, Va. Dear Sir—I have tested your sample of Macnair's Chicken Powder and found it a safe and reliable tonic, as well as a sure cure for cholera. Very respectfully,

FRED NUSSET. Cock of the Walk. "Hawk" The

Barnyard Robber.

I take Macnair's Died after eat-Chicken Powders ing a chick of that and feed my chil- old rooster, which dren on them, too. had been fed on Look at me and Macnair's Chicken observe the hawk. Powders. Alas! Cock a doodle doo. Alas!

MACNAIR'S CHICKEN POWDER Kills Hawks, Cures Cholera, Gapes, Roup, Indigestion, Leg Weakness and keeps them free from Vermin, thereby causing them to produce abundance of eggs. Sample package, including postage, 25 cents.

W. H. 3JACNAIR, TARBORO, N. C.

Implements, Machinery, Vehicles.

Fairbanks-Morse Gasoline and Kerosene Engines, Wind Mills, Towers, Tanks, Pumping and Electric Lighting Outfits, Complete for Farm and Suburban use, New Holland Corn and Cob Mills, Wood Saws, Owensboro and Buckeye Farm Wagons, Hickory and Peters Buggies and Carriages, Bissell and genuine Dixie Plows and Repairs, J. I. Case Portable and Traction Engines, Separators,

Repairs For All Farm Machinery..

POSTAL US FOR CATALOGUES OR ANY IMFORMATION DESIRED

F. C. HOENNIGER & BRO., INC.

1 432 East Main Street, Richmond, Va.

(F. C. Hoenniger, Pres. & Tres.; T. W. Hoenniger, V.-Pres. & Mgr.; L. O. Boone, Secy.)

THE SOUTHE RN PLANTER.

DeLOACH CORN MILLS

Produce more meal and better meal tkaa aaj> mills on the market.

Both Pulley and Geared Mills

Under Banner Mills, 18 to 48 Inches.

Top Runner Mills, 30 to 48 Inehes.

With the famous Virginia ar Baoyu Stamen, World beaters (or making table meal.

Also French Buhr Mills for all Kinds °f Grinding

Turbine and Over-Shot Water Wheels. The famous DB LOACH VARIABLE: FRICTION FBKD SAW MILLS, SH1NGLB MILLS, PLAN BURS, GANG BDGERS, LATH MILLS AND WOODWORKING MACHINERY.

Engines, Boilers and Gasolene Engines

Send for Catalog-lie and tell us fully what yor want.

DeLOACH Hill Mfg. Co. Box 265, Bridgeport, Ala.

w. K. BACHB.

8. 8. MUIjFORD.

HARDIN K. BACHB3.

f!TRUS MeC. BACEUE.

W. K. BACHE, SONS & MULFORD.

1406 Bast Main Street, Richmond, Va.

"Everythinjrusedoti the Farm,"

Farming Hachinery, Vehicles, Harness.

The "Bradley" 7 Blade. All Steel Stalk Cutter, with Neck Yoke, Double-bar, and Singletree*. Themo st perfect machine on the market for cutting Cotton and Corn Stalks.

"Fairbanks-Morse" Gasoline Engines.

"New Holland" and "Peerless" Cob and Cora Grinders.

"Challenge" Horse Powers and Grinders.

"Appleton" Common Sense Saw Frames Com bined Pole and Wood Saws.

"Tennessee" and "Thornhill" Farm Wagons.

"Anderson" and "Ames" Buggies Surreys, etc.

"Ontario" and "Pennsylvania" Grain Drills.

"Swiss" Hand and Power Feed Cutters.

Land Rollers, Baling Wire and Twine.

m

mm

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

DISPERSAL SALE.

Trotters, Hackneys and Thoroughbred Horses, owned by the estate of William N. Wilmer, deceased, will be sold at auction WEDNESDAY, MAY 6, 1908, AT 1 P. M., at Plain Dealing Stock Farm, Scottsville, Albemarle County, Virginia. The offerings include Stallions, Brood Mares, Colts and Fillies, by noted sires, from richly-bred dams. Among the famous sires represented are Allerton, 2:09%; Axworthy, 2:15%; Elk Nutwood, 27229, 2470; Norval, 2:14%; Onward. 2:25%; Kentucky Prince, 2470, and others. The Stallions include Virginia Chief, 27267, one of the best known sires of good and useful horses in Albemarle County; Abineer, 30923; Plain Dealing, 30921, and Surprise W., Hackney. Among the Brood Mares are daughters of Allerton, Norval, Onward and other sires, with foal by, and others bred to, Bon Axworthy, the son of Axworthy and world famous Sunol, 2:08%, by Electioneer. The younger horses range from sucklings and yearlings upward.

For further information and catalogue address

JOSEPH WILMER, ADMINISTRATOR.

N. B.—Some of the best Mares listed for the sale will be bred in 1908 to Bon Axworthy, which should materially increase their value.

RED DILLON, 38696.

3*y horse; foaled 1961; height 16.S fl*nds; weight, 1,200 pounds. Sired by Baron Dillon, 2:12; dam Zlnda Lake by Red Lake. 2:15%, sire of Lake Queen, 8:06%, etc. Red Dillon Is an Inbred Wirkes, world's greatest race horse family. For terms and keep of mares Vddress JOHN B. VAUGHAN, Owner. *.shland, Va,

grandee?

Registered French Coach Stallion, chestnut horse, 16.1 hands, weight 1,300 pounds. Blue ribbon winner Virginia State Fair at Richmond, 1906 and 1907.

FEE—$12 INSURANCE. Address CARL H. NOLTING, Trevillan, Louisa County, Va. N. B.—Rich bluegrass pasturage for visiting mares.

R. H. RICHARDSON,

—Manufacturer of— SADDLES, HARNESS, COLLARS.

—Dealer In— Hardware, Paints, Oils, Glass, Farm "Wagons, Buggies, etc. 1810 Hull Street, MANCHESTER. VA

FRED HERR, 45239.

Bay horse; foaled 1902; height, 16 nands; weight, 1,100 pounds, by Charley Herr, 2:07; dam, Jessie P., dam of Annie Lee, 2:07%; Jessie Herr, 2:18, ate, by Neapolitan, 9963.

Fee, $10 season; $15 insurance.

Address A. T. BROADDDS, R. F. D. Ko. 1, Highland Springs, Va.

HEADLIGHT BASSETT 47826."

Chestnut horse. 15:3, weight 1,200 pounds. Sired by Kalaukau 9549, dam Bessie B.. dam of Karnock, 2:21%, by Cosher 9206.

FEE—$25 INSURANCE.

W. H. JOSEY, Owner, Scotland Neck.

N. C.

FOR SALE

The handsome trotting stallion, Red Guy, 21052, a rich bay, 16 hands, 1,100 pounds, sired by Guy Moor 14885, dam Edna Wilkes, 2:23, by Red Wilkes, 1749, etc.

Bargain to quick buyer.

AUGUST H. KLOCKE, Crewe, Va.

PATRICK HENRY.

HACKNEY STALLION.

Chestnut horse by "Squire RIckeL" son of the famous Cadet; dam, "Mar-Jorle," a gold medal winner by "It»se-oerry."

For terms, address A. POLLARD & SONS, Dunraven Stock Farm, R. F. D. No. 5, Richmond, Va,

N. B.—Horses handled and conditioned; also boarded and kept in any manner desired.

COLONEL PATRICK

Record 2:10%, trial 2:05%. The fastest trotting stallion owned in North Carolina. Richly bred and a race horse of Grand Circuit capacity. Brown horse, sired by The Conqueror, 2:12%; dam Godelia, 2:16%, by Aberdeen, 27.

FEE—$50 TO INSURE. Address M. H. WHITE, Hertford, N. C.

Established by Geo. Wait, 1840.

THE € MIL-WATT CO.,

13 South 15th St., Richmond, Va.

IMPLEMENTS, MACHINERY, WAGONS.

MANFRED CALL,

Manager.

THE EMPIRE CORN AND FERTILIZER PLANTER.

THE DISC CULTIVATOR

SPRING TOOTH CULTIVATOR AND

DISC HARROW COMBINED.

THE UNIT ROAD MACHINE

The Simplest. Easiest Managed and

Least Expensive of Any. Requires but one Man and one Team

to Operate It. Saves Labor Enough to Pay for Itself

in Two Days' Use. THE PRICE BRINGS IT WITHIN THE REACH OF ALL. BALING PRESSES FOR HAND. HORSE AND STEAM POWER. FERTILIZER. LIME AND PLASTER SOWERS. EIGHT STYLES AND SIZES. rEA HULLERS, GRINDING MILLS, HORSE POWERS, POLE AND WOOD SAWS. ROAD ROLLERS, ROAD PLOWS, WHEEL AND DRAG SCRAPERS. PLOWS AND PLOW CASTINGS IN GREAT VARIETY. WK SOL' *T CORRESPONDENCE. AJ*» ARE, PREPARE*} TO MAKE LOW PRICES,

TWO-ROW CORN PLANTER. With Shoes or Discs and with or without Fertilizer Attachment and Check Rower.

ACCURATE, SIMPLE. STRONG.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

417

i yoo ont d$ » Mm orojp

'i<km tiry fe©*1 m vnitiag* wltto

THE ROSS

Insllage W*cshlnery„

.7n*qn*Uad Ixi mMXarisk* sonstruo-jioai snd cutting ftCr£3&. Mscy :ls«, E!levatM *ay dtoUne*, in ay direction »t uiy ugU. Oca

- ritftmd for iHMtr*t*dC*t*% '■'

LEADING 1908 UP-TO-DATE LABOR SAVING 20TH CENTURY MACHINERY.

tion, bogus, cheap goods. The only culars of any implement wanted. We in town who claim to sell Oliver Chilled warrant our goods "A" grade and ean store in Richmond, Va., to buy Genuine ship promptly from our store all or-Oliver Plows and Repairs is at ders. Get our prices and be convinced.

HENING & NUCKOLS. We carry In nt.uk all sizes and styles

of Scientific Mills. THE! NO. 20 POWER MILL,.

THE SIMPLEX PRESS.

Simplex Little Giant Baling Press for farmers' own use. Has large capacity. Write for circulars and prices.

The "Genuine" Reed Spring Tooth Cultivator. Thousands used every year, giving perfect satisfaction. The Reed Spring Tooth Cultivator can be converted into a spring tooth harrow by buying the center gang at a small cost, making it a Spring Tooth Harrow on wheels. Write for the Reed Special Cultivator Circular and Catalogue. BEMENT DISC CULTIVATOR, WITH

SIX OR BIGHT DISC AND SPRING TOOTH ATTACHMENT.

The "GENUINE" BROWN RIDING AND WALKING CULTIVATORS. Write for special catalogue and prices.

BROWN Steel Lever Harrows, Wood Harrows, Case-Ring Bearing Disc Harrows, Spring Tooth Harrows. All sizes, plain or with levers; Acme Harrows of all styles kept in stock at lowest net prices.

This is the latest addition to tbe line of Scientific Feed Grinding Mill», and has been designed to meet the requirements of those having horse powers and small engines.

With a two-horse sweep power or with a two or three-horse engine the mill will grind shelled corn, oats, rye, barley, wheat and all small grains at the rate of 10 to 20 bushels per hour; also grinds corn and cob.

*e?5S*'

Kemp's Twentieth Century Improved Manure Spreader. Made in three sizes. Write for prices and Catalogue.

ONE AND TWO-HORSE PLANTER,

PLAIN OR WITH FERTILIZER

ATTACHMENT.

OLIVER SULKEY PLOW NO. 11.

Light, durable and effective. Simple and novel device for turning. Plows the most difficult soils and does it well. Can be used with or without tongue. Depth easily regulated. Turns square corners without lifting out of ground. Made in both right and left hand. The No. 11 Sulky Plow can be fitted with either the No. 20 or 40 regular steel beam plow. Write for circulars and prices on Riding and Gang Plows.

Case and Tiger Double-Row Corn Planter. Plants two and a half to five feet. Plain or with Check-Row Attachment. Also furnished with Fertilizer Attachment if wanted.

DON'T FORGET! All the merchants Plows and Repairs only sell the imita-

ANTI-DIRT MILK PAIL,.

First. It prevents dirt, hair and other substances from dropping into the milk while milking.

Second. It strains the milk twice through two fine strainers while milking.

We mail our General Catalogue promptly on request; also special cir-

ASPINWALL POTATO PLANTER.

Auomatic, accurate and reliable. Used by thousands of practical growers the world over. Over twenty years on the market. Don't be fooled by imitations and makeshifts, but write for attractive illustrated catalogue.

HENING & NUCKOLS, 1436-38 E. Main St., Richmond, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[April,

Spotless Paint at only 97 cents Per Gallon.

THIS LARGE TWO STORY HOUSE PAINTED L 'FOR

$12.21

A Large, Two-Story, Tenor Twelve Room House like thin painted with Spotless Ready Mixed House Paint, two coats, for $12-21.

This large house, measuring 28 feet wide by 40 feet long and 24 feet in height will require 11 gallons for body 10 gallons at 93 cents per gallon...$9 30

1 gallon at 97 cents

per gallcn 97

2 gallons for trimming at 97 cents

per gallon 1 94

$12 21

DO YOUR OWN PAINTING

and buy your Paint from us and thereby saving 810.00 to $20.00 on every building painted. Hake your nonse and buildings proof against time. Increase their value and have the handsomest house in your section.

A Large Modern Bam Like this Painted with our SPOTLESS WEATHERPROOF PAINT, two coats, for $8.45.

This large barn, measuring 30 feet wide by 50 feet long and 22 feet in height, will require— 12 gallons for body, 10 gallons at 59

cents per gallon '.%. $6 90

2 gallons at 64 cents per gallon* 1 28

2 gallons for trimming, at 64 cents per gallon 1 28

$8 46 of our Spotless Weatherproof Mineral Barn, Roof and Fence Paint, the most durable mineral paint made. Guaranteed to wear five years.

We sell f 1.50 Paint at 87 cents per gallon, or as low as 84 cents per gallon in larger quantities. It is as good a paint as the kind you pay your dealer $1.60 per gallon for.

OUR FREE TRIAL PLAN. We make every shipment under our binding guarantee that you may open and use any three gallons of paint you wish, putting It to the hardest test, and if you And that we have not shipped you a paint of as high quality as you can buy

if in a hnrrv Tt m.ano Q *J\,\nJ „* ~T- it complete catalogue, sent free, or order from this ad,

lr in a hurry, it means a saving of more than one- third on your paint bills.

SPOTLESS CO., INC., 122 s %2gr* RICHMOND, VA.

paint'/ecesslry To^cover uVc^y! 0 " 8 *' ^ bU " d,ne you ™ nt to *> a,nt ™ ^ ,ir te » «» amount * SEND FOR OUR FREE CATALOGUE AND COLOR CARD TO-DAY. .

THE WATT PLOW CO., Richmond, Va.

Root <fc Vandervo'ort Gasoline Engines. From 2 to 25 Horse Power. Vertical or Horizontal. Write for special circular

telling of their many good points.

John Deere, Syracuse, South Bend, and Chattanooga "Walking Plows.

John Deere, Buckeye, & Avery Walk ing and Riding C ulti-vators.

John Deere Sulky and Gang Plows

John Deere

and Continental Disc Cultivators.Extra Discs can be furnished to convert into Harrow.

The Watt Plow Co.,

John Deere, Black Hawk Spangler, Root, and Eureka Single Row cornplanters

John Deere and Black Hawk Double row corn Planters.

John Deere and Roderick Lean Spike Tooth Harrows

1426 BAST MAIN STREET 1438 EAST FRANKLIN STREET

Richmond, Va.