This book made available by the Internet Archive.

THE SOUTHE RN PLANTER.

601

Keep the cultivator running in the corn crop as long as the team can go through it without breaking down the corn. The heavy rains which we have had in most sections have beaten Ihe soil into a close compact moss, and this, under the influence of the hot sun is going to bake quickly into a condition in which the crop can obtain but little of the plant food in it. As soon as ever the ground is dry enough to work, commence running the cultivator and break the land as quickly as possible, so as to make it permeable by the fine roots of the plant and also to conserve the moisture in it, which will all be needed in all probability before the crop is matured. Land not covered with a fine mulch of soil, or heavily shaded by a cop soon loses its moisture, and in the absence of sufficient moisture in the soil to dissolve the plant food the crop suffers, as it can only take this food in a dissolved condition. When the crop does not appear to respond rapidly to the effect of cultivation, and is not of a good, healthy color, intercultural fertilization will frequently give it just the start needed. For such a condition mix 200 pounds of acid phosphate and seventy-five pounds of nitrate of soda, and apply this between the rows per acre and work in lightly. At the last working sow either cowpeas, vetches, crimson clover or sapling clover, or a mixture of all these to make a cover for the land during the winter, or to work in for a fallow for the succeeding crops. They will give good grazing during the fall and winter, and be worth much more as feed for stock, and as an improver of the land than the cost of seeding and covering them. If the corn land is to be sown in wheat, as is frequently the rotation followed it Is not worth while to sow the clover, as it will not make sufficient growth to be worth much to the succeeding crop, but cowpeas will make an excellent fallow and greatly improve the yield. In such a case we would not plow the peas down, but cut them into the land with the disc, and not replow the land. Land prepared well for the corn crop and kept well cultivated during the growth of the crop is in an ideal condition for the seeding of the wheat crop, and should not be made too light and puffy by turning under a heavy pea fallow just before seeding the wheat. The cutting of the peas into the surface soil will be much more beneficial to the wheat and will largely tend to prevent heaving by frost and winted killing. The wheat crop is not a deep-rooting crop, and needs to have its food in or near the surface. There is also great economy of labor in thus preparing the land.

The cultivation of the cotton and tobacco crops should have constant attention, so as to keep the crops growing rapidly. Don't be afraid of working them too often. Keep the surface always loose, and thus conserve the moisture in the land. Sow crimson clover in the cotton at the last working. Ten or twelve pounds of seed will sow an acre, and the crop raised from this will supply more nitrogen and humus-making matter to the land than can be bought for many times the cost of the seed and labor involved in raising it.

Forage crops should be sown at every opportunity during this month. Sorghum and sorghum and cowpeas and

millet, and millet alone, all make excellent feed for stock, and can take the place of hay and be more effective in results with the stock, and the hay can thus be made a sale crop, and yet the fertility of the farm not be reduced. With an abundance of feed of this kind young stock can be wintered and improve every day, and large quantities of manure be made which will greatly reduce the fertilizer bill another year. The stock itself should also be profitable at prices now ruling, and which seem likely to continue. With plenty of pea and sorghum, or millet hay, and a light ration of grain every day during the winter, beef and mutton can can be made at a cost which will be well repaid if fed to well bred stock, and even if there be only a bare repayment of the cost of the feed in the price realized by the animal, the manure made will save the outlay for fertilizer, and make better crops and richer land for the production of other crops. The farmer who makes his fertilizer at home is always the one who becomes forehanded and has a rich farm. The great means of doing this is to grow plenty of forage crops, and this month is the time to get these into the land. Sorghum sown to make a hay crop should be seeded at the rate of three pecks to the acre. Sorghum and peas should be sown at the rate of half a bushel of peas, and two pecks of sorghum to the acre. German millet is the best variety to sow, and should be sown at the rate of one bushel to the acre. Where peas and millet are sown together sow in in equal proportions.

Dwarf Essex rape should be sown this month for fall pasturage for hcgs and sheep. Sow at the rate of four or five pounds to the acre broadcast, or, if sown in drills, which makes the heaviest crop, sow about three pounds to the acre in drills two feet, six inches apart. When sown in drills the plants should be thinned out with the hoe, so as to stand about eight or ten inches apart when they have made the first two or three leaves, and the crop should be cultivated two or three times. A crop of rape grown in this way will be ready to graze in six or eight weeks, and will provide feed for a large number of animals right into winter. Experiments made prove that an acre of good rape is equivalent to 3,000 pounds of corn in feeding hogs or sheep. To get the best results with this crop with hogs a small ration of grain should be fed every day.

The corn to fill the silo, if not already planted, should be planted at once. Prepare the land well and plant in rows two feet, six inches or three feet apart, and drop the corn six or eight inches apart in the rows, and cultivate frequently to encourage quick growlh. A crop planted in this way will produce a crop with a fair proportion of good ears, and will make a silage of good feeding quality if it is left to mature fairly before being cut. It is a mistake to cut corn to fill the silo before the ears have dented and the forage is beginning to dry. Corn cut when in an immature condition and full of sap and growth will make a sour, watery silage which though it will be eaten by the stock, will not give the results which a better matured product will. If you have no silo lose no time in building one. Any one keeping half a dozen cows

G02

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[July,

ought to have a silo. It is the cheapest barn a farmer can build, and puts the feed into the finest condition for getting the best results from it with the least waste. A silo can be built cheaper in the South than elsewhere in the country because there is not the necessity to build it so as to exclude frost. A simple tub silo made of inch boards will keep silage as well in the South as a concrete or frame silo will in the North. If you have not the time or the material at hand to build a silo at home there are builders of silos who advertise in our columns every year, who will supply the same complete at a reasonable cost. In building a silo the great thing needed is to get all the depth possible, consistent with convenient handling of the silage, as the deeper the silo tbe better the silage will pack, and the closer it packs the better the silage.

The following table will enable any one to calculate the size of silo he will need for his crop and stock.

Estimated size of silo needed and number of acres required for a given number of cows for a feeding season of 180 days:

No. Cows.

6

9

13

21

25

Estimated

Consumption of

Silage Tons.

Size of

Silo Needed.

Diam. Ht.

Average Acres Corn Needed.

20 3'J 45 74 90

9x20 10x22 11x26 13x29 14x30

1 to 2

2 to 3

3 to 4

5 to 6

6 to 7

and moisture which should make a crop of the grass and clover. Run over the fields with the mower, with the blade set high enough not to more than just top the clover, and thus keep the weeds from running to seed. Repeat this as often as needed to keep the weeds in subjection. If they are not allowed to seed, as most of them are annuals, this will get rid of them.

August and September being the best months in the year for sowing alfalfa, clover and grass in the South, it is not too soon to be preparing the land for these crops. It is no use to try to grow these crops on poor' land, nor on sour, wet land; therefore select the fields suitable as to fertility and drainage, and correct the acidity with lime, at the rate of one ton to the acre. Nothing will more certainly conduce to a stand of alfalfa, clover and grass than liming the land; indeed, without lime it is practically almost useless to try to grow alfalfa. The land should be plowed and then be limed, and this be harrowed in lightly, and then be allowed to lay for a week or ten days, and then be cultivated every week or ten days to encourage the weeds to start and kill them off. Weeds and alfalfa, clover and grass will never. succeed together, and as the crops cannot be cultivated after sown to keep down the weeds, the weeds must be subdued before the crops are seeded.

Buckwheat is a crop that may be seeded this month. Though it is not a crop much grown in the South, yet we have reports of good yields made in the State. It makes good feed for chickens, hogs and cows. The straw is not of any or much value as feed, but makes bedding and manure. The grain usually sells well in the Northern markets, but here is not much dealt in. It can be grown on the uplands and in the mountain sections of the South, and will be found to be a convenient crop to put upon a piece of land which could not be got into order for a crop earlier, or upon which a crop has been already grown this year. It will make a crop on land of only medium fertility, though, cf course, the better the land the better the yield. From fifteen to forty bushels to the acre can be grown. Prepare the land well and sow one bushel of seed per acre. Crimson clover may be seeded with the crop, and will make a winter cover for the land after the buckwheat is cut off. It is usually harvested like wheat, with a self-binder, and threshed as soon as dry enough.

After the wheat and oat crops have been harvested, if grass and clover was not seeded on the grain, cut the stubbles with a disc harrow and sow a mixture of crimson clover, wheat, oats and rye; ten pounds crimson clover and three pecks of wheat, oats and rye, in equal parts. This will smother down the weeds and make fall and winter grazing and a fallow to plow down. It will be much more profitable than a crop of weeds, and will improve the land, whilst the weeds will only impoverish it. When grass or clover was sown in the grain do not let the weeds grow up and rob the land of the fertility

A piece of land should be finely prepared and be well fertilized with manure, and fertilizer upon which to grow a crop of rutabagas and turnips. No man keeping cows, sheep or hogs should be without rutabagas and turnips for feeding during the winter . Especially is the crop important to a man keeping sheep. No other kind of feed will so help ewes to come to lambing in good order as rutabagas and turnips, and no other feed will help them more to make milk for the lambs. Sheep must have succulent food to do well. These roots are also excellent appetizers for cows and feeding steers, and greatly help to make other feed more profitable. The crops always make the best yield grown in drills two feet ten inches apart, so as to allow of culiivatior. Sow in the drills at the rate of three pounds of seed per acre, and when the plants have made the third or fourth leaves thin out with the hoe, so as to leave the plants six or eight inches apart. If farmyard manure is not to be had sufficient to apply eight or ten tons to the acre use a complete fertilizer at the rate of 500 pounds to the acre, made up of 300 pounds of acid phosphate, fifty pounds muriate of potash and 200 pounds of cotton-seed meal.

CROP ROTATION IN THE SOUTH.

Editor Southern Planter:

I read a few days ago an article by a Southern Station man on the three-year rotation for a cotton farm. In general the rotation was an excellent one, but in its details I found much that I could not endorse. His rotation was cotton after cow peas, corn, with peas among it, followed by winter oats, and these by peas, and then back to cotton.

The sequence of crops was a good one. The faults were, first, the lack of winter cover, a very important matter on Southern uplands, and secondly, he says: Of course

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

603

each crop entering into the rotation is grown with the help of commercial fertilizers, using the specific formula best adapted to its needs."

I have for years been combatting this idea that the only purpose of commercial fertilizers is to make crops for sale. It has been the result of the constant experiments of the stations in the investigations of the manur-ial requirements of different crops, and the farmers have imbibed the notion and have been taught, that for every crop planted they must use a special fertilizer formula, so that in my wide correspondence with farmers in the South the burden of many of their letters, in fact I might say most of them, is: "What fertilizer formula shall I use for this crop?"

I have been insisting for more than thirty years that the main idea in the restoration of the productiveness of our old, worn lands should be the getting back to the conditions that existed in the soil when it was virgin soil, the restoration of the humus or organic decay.

I have insisted that the true use of commercial fertilizers is to aid us in this bringing back of the humus, and that in any general farming, either with grain or cotton, as the money crop, no farmer, who farms aright need ever buy an ounce of nitrogen in any form.

The truth of this has been proved in the experience of the best wheat growers of eastern Maryland. A few years ago Samuel T. Earle of Queen Anne county, Maryland, died, nearly or quite 85 years of age, an enthusiastic farmer to the end of his life. Mr. Earle was a regular correspondent of mine, knew me as a young man, and seemed to take a great interest in my endeavors to help the Southern farmers.

A few months before his death he wrote me a long letter in regard to his improvement of his farm in Queen Anne. Under the old system of farming, lands about there, he said, made about twelve to fifteen bushels of wheat per acre. Over twenty years ago then, he adopted a short system of rotation of corn, wheat and clover. He said: "For twenty years past I have averaged 40 bushels of wheat per acre, and sometimes have made more, and during that time the only commercial fertilizer I have bought has been plain acid phosphate."

A fertilizer manufacturer in Baltimore reported recently that in that section, including Queen Anne and Kent counties, over eighty per cent, of the fertilizer sold contains no nitrogen whatever. Riding on a train in Kent county I remarked to an old friend that Kent had always been a well-farmed section, but I could see that the crops there were better than when I formerly was familiar with the county after the war. "Yes," said he, "when you were here we thought that 40 bushels of corn and 20 bushels of wheat were goods crops, now we make 75 bushels of corn and 35 to 40 .bushels of wheat per acre, and buy less fertilizer and less lime."

Talking with a successful farmer last winter in that same county, I asked him what fertilizer he used. "I use some ten per cent, phosphoric acid and five per cent, potash mixture on my wheat." Here is a section where the advanced farmers have largely abandoned the purchase of nitrogen, and yet have seen their land increase in production.

Put cotton in rotation with wheat or oats and peas, and cattle in the South, and the effect would be even more plainly apparent, since the cotton farmer produces so much nitrogen. And yet what are the cotton farmers to-day doing? The statistics of the Department of Commerce and Labor show that in twenty-months of 1907-08 Germany alone bought from this country 608,753,564 pounds of cotton seed meal. Germany paid for this meal $7,985,578 or but little over $25 a ton. At this price the nitrogen in the meal sold for not more than 15 cents per pound. This vast amount was but a small portion of what all Europe bought from us, hut it shows what the cotton farmers are doing. The German farmers bought all this nitrogen for 15 cents per pound, and they feed the meal and return the manure to enrich their old soils, with the fertility robbed from the Southern lands. Then, what do the Southern cotton growers do? After selling this nitrogen to enrich European lands, many of them selling 40 pounds per acre of nitrogen, they buy back 200 pounds per acre of the 2-8-2 fertilizer, and pay 20 cents a pound for the little 4 pounds of ammonia they get in that much low grade goods.

Selling 40 pounds at less than 15 cents per pound and buying back four pounds of the same thing at 20 cents per pound, merely to squeeze a little more cotton and a little more nitrogen to sell at a loss! How long would the capital of a merchant last who bought goods and sold them at a discount of 50 per cent.?

And yet that is just what has been going on in the South for generations. Is it any wonder that the Southern farmers complain of poor soil? Is it any wonder that the land constantly cultivated clean, washes into gullies? Is it any wonder that they think that for every crop planted they must have a special fertilizer formula? Is it any wonder that the fertilizer manufacturers amass great fortunes or that the farmers remain poor Is it. any wonder that the soil, the farmer's bank, refuses to fully honor their drafts?

If the rotation of crops is followed out it will doubtless tend towards the improvement of the soil, but it could be improved in many respects.

In the first place, no rotation is complete that leaves out a winter cover. This is especially true in the South where rains are far more frequent in winter than hard freezing and the soil is often free from frcst, and washes and leaches fertility faster than in the North.

A crop of cow peas made into hay for feeding stock, preceding the cotton crop, is all right, hut the stubble should have some green growth on it, even if only rye, in winter, to save the loss of plant food and aid in the humus making material. Then too, the cotton crop should have crimson clover sown among it as a winter cover. And on this clover during the winter the manure made from feeding the pea vine hay, the cotton seed meal and hulls and corn stover should go broadcast to make an increased corn crop. Small grain, following this corn would need no fertilizer. But when the small grain is off, there is where a liberal application of phosphoric acid and potash for the increased growth of the cow peas, will have its best effect in the improvement of the soil. It will make a larger amount of forage for feeding, more nitrogen fixing in the soil, by reason of the greater root development, and more

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

organic matter left in the soil, and the cotton following this pea crop will be as good or better than if other fertilizer had been left off the peas and applied to the cotton. But in the first start with a thin piece of land, it would be best to give the cotton also some of the phosphoric acid and potash, the peas leaving plenty of nitrogen for the crop. Then, instead of selling the cotton seed to the mills for far less than the farmer will have to pay for its fertilizing ingredients in a commercial mixture, let the farmer exchange his seed for meal and hulls, and keep stock enough to eat it with the hay, corn stover and some of the corn, too, and the straw to balance the nitrogenous foods. Then if peas are sown among the corn, we will have a constant succession of humus-making material in the peas, manure, and clover, and in a few rounds of the rotation we will find that we will need no fertilizer but the liberal amount used on the peas following the small grain. What a farmers' paradise the South would be if all the cotton seed meal and other food materials were used in judicious feeding of stock. The corn belt would move South, the cotton crop would be grown on fewer acres and with more profit, and the cattle would put the farmer on a cash basis and enable him to start the cotton season without going in debt for fertilizers, mules, and everything else for the cotton to pay for. What I have said in regard to the rotation for the cotton farmer is fully true as to the man whose money crop is wheat, and wbo, while sowing peas among his corn may be in a section where red clover is the best legume for regular dependence. One of the greatest helps in getting back to where clover formerly throve and now fails is the increase of humus in the soil, for there is no greater aid in getting at the insoluble potash in the best wheat soils than this very organic decay, and the presence in the soil of humus will often make all the difference between success and failure in clover merely by its maintaining moisture to carry the clover through the heat after harvest. What the whole South needs to learn is that the production of forage and its feeding to cattle lies at the foundation of all real improvement, and is the true road to independence of the fertilizer mixer. We need to preach the gospel of good farming rather than fertilizer buying.

W. F. MASSEY.

the manifold operations of tobacco culture. As to fertilizers, except within the past few years, the farmers have been left to the tender mercies of the fertilizer manipulators. In antebellum days the tobacco growers did not use one half of the fertilizers they now use. Then they hauled leaves and straw into the stable and barn yard during the fall and winter, and hauled out the manure in April and spread it broadcast over the fields to be cultivated in tobacco that year. This land had been fallowed in the previous August but was now plowed again and dragged until perfectly fine, then the rows were laid off with a single shovel and a small quantity of guano drilled in them. If you were to ask any farmer—one who has raised tobacco in former years—"why don't you prepare your lands in the same way now?" he will say: "these are different times and we try to make our tobacco as bright as possible and too much manure will spoil the grain and color." As regards bright tobacco this is doubtless true, but the assertion does not hold good when reference is made to the dark grades. As to bright grades, some of the most successful growers of the best bright wrappers put a moderate quantity of barn yard manure on the tobacco land as of yore, and the result is, the tobacco has more body and the color and texture is not affected. The reason so much inferior tobacco is seen on our markets now, is because the farmers are not making enough manure to supply their lands with humus, and the proper crop rotation is not followed. I knew a gentleman who said he cultivated 200,000 hills of tobacco every year before the war, on his farm here in this county. He stated he never put an ounce of guano on his fields; used only a small quantity on his plant beds; always selected the best land he had; planted his tobacco as soon as possible; worked it well and always made a smooth, heavy, tough grade of shipping tobacco; and when this tobacco was sold on the markets he beat his neighbors, who used considerable quantities of guano, in the prices received, and besides his land was left in a better condition and there was no guano bill to pay.

The experiments show that the more fertilizer used on tobacco up to a certain limit, the more profit received with a corresponding benefit to succeeding crops.. We are farther advised that a fertilizer composed of

REGARD TO TOBACCO CROP ROTATION.

FER-

SOME SUGGESTIONS IN TILI2ER AND

Editor Southern Planter:

The Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, under the caption of Co-operative Tobacco Investigations, bulletin 175, gives some very important data. These experiments were made in Appomattox and Pittsylvania counties, Va., under the supervision of Mr. Mathewson. The conclusions arrived at and facts established by these experiments are well worth the consideration of all tobacco growers in Virginia. Heretofore very little has been done in the way of investigation in the culture and fertilization of tobacco in Virginia; the farmers of this state have, to a great extent, followed in the beaten paths of their ancestors and have taken no time or trouble to inquire or find out if improved methods might not be devised or more suitable fertilizers might not be discovered to lighten

Ground Fish Nitrate Soda, Acid Phosphate, Bone Meal, Sulphate Potash

has been per acre.

1,00V pounds.

150

200

10*0

200 shown to give the best results, costing $32.00-Again the bulletin says: "Our results show that from $20.00' to $30.00 worth of properly balanced fertilizer to the acre can be used to advantage as compared with the customary aplication of 400 pounds to the acre of 3-S-3 fertilizer costing about $5.00." The writer was raised in Halifax county and has spent much of his time on the farm, has raised almost every kind of tobacco with almost every kind of fertilizer, and it does seem to him the formula for the above mixture in the light of experience given is a practical one, but of course not conclusive as it may have to be varied according to the condition of soil, preceeding crop and location. These experiments-

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

601

are primarily for the benefit of the tobacco growers. Now the question arises, will the tobacco raisers obtain the mixture named and use it on their crops? I am afraid not, on account of the great cost. Men who have been spending $5.00 or S'G.OO per acre for fertilizer will hardly pay $30.00 per acre, even with the inducement of obtaining a large yield of wheat without farther cost for fertilizer. Where a man works himself and hires two regular hands he generally sets out ten acres in tobacco; the cost of his fertilizer at $30.00 per acre would be $300.00' for the crop; so we can't well blame or censure any farmer for hesitating in making such an outlay for fertilizer when so unany things can happen to bring disaster to his crops, ■especially to the man who raises bright tobacco. So I 'beg leave to suggest that the farmer use a moderate quantity of well rotted manure, spreading it broadcast over ibis land in March and plowing it in as soon as condition •of soil permits, then in May, when he finally prepares his fields for tobacco, let him use half the quantity (costing $16 per acre) of the high grade mixture specified in the •bulletin, and see if this amount, together with the ma-mure, doesn't bring good results.

Tobacco Rotation. Mr. Mathewson states the rotation should be: First •year, tobacco highly fertilized. Second year, wbeat without fertilizer. Third year (and probably the fourth), mixed grasses seeded alone early in the fall and top-dressed early in spring with a liberal application of nitrate of soda. Fifth year, corn with barn manure and a little fertilizer, applied in the drill. Sixth year, cowpeas fertilized with a little acid phosphate and sulphate of potash. Seventh year, the field will come back in tobacco 'heavily fertilized. The rotation is a good one, and it appeals to our knowledge of crop production as well as to our common sense. But I would like to make one more suggestion: I think it would be best in Southside Virginia to substitute oats in place of wheat. Upon the same ifarm referred to above, I raised wheat and oats for many 3 r ears, and found there was more certainty about making a good oat crop when sown in the fall under the same conditions as wheat. Of course, wheat can be raised in my section of Virginia at a profit, but my experience has heen: there is more money in oats, and this has been the experience of a great many of my neighbors. Oats are -not so hard on the land and will come on a much thinner -soil than Wheat. Consequently, in this section most every 'farmer sows his wheat on his best fields and puts his oats on his inferior land. You rarsly see oats following ■tobacco here. And another thing to be considered: We •can sell our oats at our door, but we have to grind our •wheat or ship to market. Still another point: I would >not sow all the plots the third year in mixed grasses, but -would sow a part in alfalfa under proper conditions, and ;as long as the alfalfa did well I would have oo rotation as to that. In the fifth year, when corn was on the plots. I would sow crimson clover at the last working of the corn.

As to the wire worm that is so destructive to tobacco in spring when just planted. I have had very little trouble with this pest in the past. I used preventive measures. My rule has always been as soon as my crop of tobacco was laid by in summer, I had the land in-

tended for tobacco another year fallowed—about the first of August—I had it replowed in January and again in April. If I intended to put the same land in tobacco agaiD I had it plowed as soon as the crop was cut, and also in January. Don't leave any weeds for the moth to lay its eggs upon. I simply make these suggestions, hoping some one may be benefited by experimenting along the lines indicated. The writer has long since given up raising tobacco, he found there was much more money—and only half the labor required—in raising stock, grain and grass. And besides, it is the consensus of opinion of all intelligent men, qualified to express an opinion, that you must keep a reasonable number of stock if you expect to keep up the fertility of the farm. And my experience is, the better the stock the bigger the profits.

Halifax county, Va. E. W. ARMISTEAD

FERTILIZERS.

Editor Southern Planter:

How to maintain and increase the fertility of the soil is a question of paramount importance to all agriculturists. Manuring with animal and vegetable matters, the proper rotation and tillage of crops, including the legumes and promoting their growth by liberal applications of the mineral fertilizers, are the most practicable means at our command. Barnyard manure, although deficient in phosphoric acid, more nearly approaches what is desired, and is of more lasting benefit to the soil, than manure from any other source. It not only furnishes the essential elements of plant food, but adds a certain quantity of humus-forming material to the soil, which conserves moisture and affords channels for the aeration of the soil, which is necessary for the life and growth of plants.- It also furnishes a suitable habitat for the various microbic bacteria, which act in some unknown way upon the fertilizing elements in the soil, rendering the inert portions of the same available plant food. It is, however, impossible to make and accumulate a sufficient quantity of barnyard manure to cover all of the land cultivated; therefore it becomes necessary to supplement the same by proper rotation of crops, and by the judicious use of the mineral fertilizers; always so managing as to keep an abundant supply of vegetable matter in the soil to maintain the supply of humus.

Nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium are the three essential elements of plant food to be supplied by the farmer, a great many other elements furnish food for plants, but they are supposed to exist already in all soils, and in sufficient abundance for most crops grown.

Phosphorous has to do with the development of seed and hastens maturity of the plant; nitrogen influences roots, stems, framework and the foliage of plants. Potash makes woody parts of stems of plants, and the pulp of fruits, and it has a tendency to prevent lodging of grain.

The color and flavor of fruits are also accredited to potash. It is therefore apparent that these three elements should be present in desirable quantities, if profitable crops are to be grown.

It has been established as an indisputable fact, that an excess of one of these elements will not make up for the deficiency of either of the other two. Therefore, in mixing fertilizers intelligently, the farmer should ascertain the

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

requirements of the plant to be grown, and he should be familiar with the chemical condition of his soil, that he may be able to furnish the necessary plant food to the particular plant to be grown, in properly balanced proportions.

I have had considerable experience in the use of fertilizers, both mixed and unmixed, and I find it to be much more satisfactory to purchase the ingredients and mix the fertilizer at home, which can be easily and completely done on any tight flooring by spreading the ingredients, one upon the top of another, and mixing with a shovel by pouring from one to another pile, using tbe shovel flat on the floor every time it is filled, thereby getting some of each ingredient at a time. By changing the pile three times in such a manner, it will be thoroughly mixed and ready for use. It is important to know what quantity of each material to use, that the mixture may be of the desired analysis. This can be very easily and readily ascertained when the sources of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potash are known. Suppose we mix 200 pounds of acid phosphate, analyzing fourteen per cent, phosphoric acid, 100 pounds of nitrate of soda, analyzing sixteen per cent, nitrogen, and 100 pounds of muriate of potash, analyzing forty-eight per cent, actual potash, we have a mixture of 400 pounds, analyzing seven per cent, phosphoric acid, four per cent, nitrogen and twelve per cent, potash, a formula •which I have used under corn and peanuts with excellent results, applying 300 pounds per acre. Of course, the analysis can be modified at will, by changing the number of pounds of each material.

The standard fertilizer, analyzing two per cent, ammonia, eight per cent, phosphoric acid and two per cent, potash, and sold to the farmer, is entirely too low in potash and nitrogen, and, therefore, does not furnish a balanced food for any plant, hence the disappointment following the use of such material.

Another advantage in home mixing of fertilizers is that you can select the source from which to obtain the elements, and if a quick acting fertilizer is needed you will use nitrate of soda for nitrogen, but if a slow acting fertilizer is required you will obtain your nitrogen from an organic source, such as cotton-seed meal, etc., or for some crops use some of each. Phosphoric acid is equally available whether derived from rock or animal bone; of course, the bone contains nitrogen also, which makes it more costly, but so far as phosphoric acid is concerned, it is no better than the acidulated rock.

Potash can be more readily obtained from the potash salts imported from Germany, where it is mined in large quantities, than from any other source. It is shipped to this country in large quantities; by the German Kali Works, of Atlanta and New York.

Potash derived from kainit, twelve per cent., and from muriate and sulphate of potash, forty-eight and fifty per cent., acts the same, kainit being preferred for cotton, as it is said to obviate rust in the plant, and the sulphate of potash is generally recommended for tobacco, sugar beets, sugar cane, potatoes and fruits, but for all other crops the muriate does equally well. However, where owing to the location, freight charges must be considered, kainit is most expensive, as it contains but one-fourth as much potash as do the muriate and sulphate of potash.

I have greatly increased the yield of peanuts and corn by Increasing the quantity of potash in the fertilizer: it causes a more luxuriant growth of peanut vines and has a tendency to prevent what farmers call "popping," and considerably increases the yield of both stover and grain in the corn crop.

Potash will also cause the foliage to remain green longer, and not fall off peanut vines so early as on plots where but little or none is used.

From actual experiments made for the purpose of ascertaining the relative value of fertilizers, I find that too little potash is used in the mixing of fertilizers bought ready mixed, and that more satisfactory results will be secured, if potash is added; six per cent., in my opinion, should be the minimum quantity of potash to be used in mixing fertilizers.

Sussex county, Va. GEORGE D. GRIZZARD.

Whilst potash is, no doubt, a most essential element, in the production of crops, and especially so of the potash-loving crops, tobacco and Irish potatoes, yet numerous experiments made over a wide area in middle and eastern Virginia serve conclusively to show that the soils east of the Blue Ridge are abundantly supplied with potash for the production of all the staple crops except tobacco and Irish potatoes, and that all that is needed is to use lime to render this inert potash available. Dr. Stubbs, a most careful and qualified investigator, has demonstrated the truth of this conclusion on his Gloucester plantation, and numerous other subscribers have confirmed his work. The Blue Ridge is rich in potash rocks, and the detritus from these has been washed over middle and eastern Virginia for ages, hence the conditions there found.—Ed.

VETCH AND WHEAT.

Editor Southern Planter:

In your June Planter Prof. Massey advises planting

May 1, 1904. Mrs. L. B. Norfleet, (5 ft. 5 In.) and Curtis Norheet, (4 feet,) easily hidden when standing, by rank growth of wheat heavily headed out; but not a head ever matured but seemed spirited away when the crop was cut.

wheat in vetch to hold it up. With due deference to his

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

superior knowledge, I say don't do it. The only excuse for doing so should be uncertainty in getting a catch of vetch. Only two by four scantlings will hold up a heavy vetch crop, and the wheat will only make it hard to cure and hard to cut, and adds nothing that animals will eat. Vetch alone is easily harvested with a horse rake. A neighbor of mine does so harvest it every year, but with wheat or oats it is a nasty tangle, and any method of cut-

607

May 15, 1904. Vetch has now gotten the wheat by the throat and it is only waist high for Mrs. L. e. Norfleet. The wheat is being tied in bow knots and strangled. This makes the vetch a nasty crop to cut.

ting will leave a high stubble behind. I have planted vetch for ten years, and enclose photographs showing just what the mixed crop will do. May first, wheat higher than my wife's head and as pretty a sight as you ever

June 7, 1904. Vetch now thoroughly in command and the wheat crop is only waist high to young Curtis Norfleet. No one from casual notice would suspect there was any wheat in the field. A heavy corn and pea crop housed from this field in Oct., 1903.

waist, while on June seventh the crop has sunk down so that it only reaches my six-year-old boy's waist. Vetch is the surest crop I have ever planted; makes every year and cures easily, and is always off in time to make a heavy corn crop. L . E . NORFLEET.

Edgecombe Co., N. C.

saw. May fifteenth, a tangled mess hardly up to her

CORN GROWING IN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

Allow me to say a few more words on the How 1 Grow Corn, not "How to Grow Corn," as you had my previous communication headed in your April issue, which is a rather broader scope than I intended to take. Every man has his own theory and a perfect right to it, especially in cultivating his own crops for profit. One great trouble with many farmers is they work without thought and observation as to the best methods they have experimented with. All our Virginia soil is not alike by any means. Mine is mostly red and gray, some black and sandy, i was greatly interested in our Kentucky blue grass sojourner, and would like to know where he grew that half acre of corn. Was it on the light ten- to twentv-foot Mississippi river low grounds soils in Missouri, Illinois Ohio or Kentucky. But, brother, I am going to guess you did it on poor old mother Virginia. Isn't it true? Tell us Please. I don't doubt a word you say, but am curious to know; that's all. Now, tell us all about it; high or low land, and how many peas, or how much hay was saved' Now, my average yields were for the entire crop of fifteen to thirty acres yearly. As you have brought it down to a half-acre focus, I will come down to my best acre on two occasions. I got a neighbor to help me to measure seventy by seventy yards each way, gather shuck and house after measuring; I then shelled and re-measured On acre No. 1, which included an apple tree, I got eighty-three bushels of shelled corn, two four-horse loads of pumpkins and thirty bushels of apples. The top fodder and shucks also of which no account was taken This acre was selected out of a five- or six-acre hillside red clay soil field, not specially treated, and had no thought oi testing it until whilst gathering the apples from the tree. Not an ounce of commercial fertilizer was ever used on this land. It was seeded to oats and clover two years previous, but this crop was overcome by sassafras and filth. On acre No. 2, North Otter black and sandy loam, seeded to oats, clover and grass one year previous, but failed, in getting a stand. On the fifth of June a sod of white clover, weeds, &c, was turned under, harrowed, dragged and re-harrowed until I got a reasonable seed bed of loose earth to plant in. On the seventh of June the crop was worked once with harrow and twice with cultivator. Being pressed for time, this was all the work it got. On the seventh of July this corn was five feet high and as green as possible. Result, eighty-five bushels of corn; three loads of pumpkins, shucks and top fodder not noted. Not an ounce of commercial fertilizers about it, or peas either; but don't understand me to condemn either of them; only they are awfully high and hard to get. A good substitute for them is green vegetation of almost any kind turned under before it ripens or is killed by frost, such as ragweed, crabgrass, foxtail, plantain, &c. Try it and see for yourself. If you can't plow them under get

THE SOUTHEEE" PLANTEE.

[July,

your mower and cut them clown before they seed and leave them until you can plow; it pays twofold or more.

C. P. HURT. I ask all our farmers to read over the latter clause of Mr. Woodson's article in the May, 1908, issue of The Planter, as to manure. He is O. K. on that. I would add top dress or work it in from the top. Don't bury it if you wish good results. C. P. H.

SOME NOTES ON THE JUNE ISSUE.

Editor Southern Planter:

Our funny friend "N." writes so well that he should not be ashamed to sign his name. He grows funny over what I have said about mules and Percherons. I never advised mules for breeding animals, nor did I say that a mule from a Percheron mare would necessarily be vicious. Percheron horses may be gentle, as a rule, but 1 had one at the North Carolina Experiment Station that would bite like a bull dog. Mr. "N." would make me like the fellow who told his neighbor that doubtless all the Democrats were not grand rascals, but all the grand rascals were Democrats. Now, I do not believe that all the vicious horses are Percherons, nor that all Percherons are vicious, but simply that for Southern farm purposes I prefer a different horse, and have no quarrel with any one who wants a Percheron.

Mr. Clarkson might have told Mr. Rand that Dr. Thorne did use the amount of acid phosphate he says, but he mixed it in a ton of stable manure. He found that even forty pounds in a ton trebled the efficiency of the manure. That is a very different thing from putting forty pounds on an acre of land.

Mr. Hindle is right about Mr. Sandy. May his tribe increase in the Old Dominion. What a State it •would be if all farmed as well as Mr. Sandy. I wish that your pictures had shown his crops better. Then he tells us one great secret in getting grass, that I can corroborate from experience on Virginia land, making a loose bed of soil sixteen inches deep. When I was told, as I did this on the steep hills of Albemarle, that it would all wash away that winter, I did not believe it, and it did not do so. The washing of Southern hills has been caused by scratch plowing, and the water has run down hill that should have been retained in the soil, and has carried the surface with it. Then as to pure seed. A Virginia farmer told me that he could hardly get clover on his land because of the soil being stocked with narrow leaf plantain. He got it all in clover seed. Better pay two prices for clean seed than have the weedy se^.d given you.

I am glad to learn, from what Mr. Whately writes, that the Legislature of Virginia appropriated $2,500 for the promotion of the horticultural interests of Virginia. But does that mean fruit culture merely? In fact, should not the Virginia Horticultural Society be really a horticultural society, and not simply a fruit growers' association? Fruit culture is important, but there is far more in horticulture than fruit. The market gardeners are horticulturists, I suppose, and the florists certainly are, as well as the landscape gardeners. Fruit culture should receive its due

share of attention, but should not be allowed to absorb everything in horticulture. This should you do and not leave the other undone.

What Mr. Hicks says about fertilizers and his neighboi pretty well illustrates the common practice in buying fertilizers. Farmers are too apt to conclude that a low price means cheapness, when, in fact, the lowest priced fertilizers always furnish the plant food at a higher price than it can be had in a higher priced article, and then-farmers pay the freight on a lot of filler that is no better than the diit they already have in abundance. Most farmers buy simply by the brand name, and really do not know what they are using, like the man who, Mr. Hicks says, did not look on the sack to see what it contained. With many farmers if the article smells bad it is all right. There is certainly need for more missionary work, and it is a grer.t pity that there are not more Farmers' Institutes in Virginia.

I commend to our friend "N." the eulogy on the mule-on page 588. Mr. Casson's article, quoted from the Re view of Reviews, page 592, reminds me of some of the articles from the "glorification bureau" of the Department of Agriculture in the various magazines. The product of the American farms is truly wonderful, but how many thousands fail to get their share from lack of using "mind,, money and machinery," and depending only on human, muscle? W. F. MASSEY.

FORAGE CROP PRODUCTION.

Editor Southern Planter:

Knowing how interested you are in the forage question,.. I wish to tell you of my experience in that line this spring. Regaining, after a five-year lease, my three-horse farm and, as usual, finding it badly abused, the forage-question for the first year was a serious one to me. Wishing to begin las?: fall, of course, 1 found all the best land under crops, and so I had to take a two-acre piece, that had not been broken up in five years, and was then covered with short hen grass. On this I applied 2,000 pounds-of lime and turned it in with a double plow, then gave it a fair dressing of stable manure and 400 pounds of sixteen per cent, acid phosphate, with 200 pounds of Kainit, sowed oats on this and September first plowed it all' in with a single plow, harrowed it over, then on one-fourth I sowed crimson clover, on another fourth white blooming crimson clover, and the rest hairy vetch and harrowed' them all in; then I hauled several cartloads of dirt from an old clover and vetch field, to be sure of my inoculation. My neighbors all poked a lot of fun at me, called me a. town farmer, who would find out the difference between a. poor "piney woods" farm and small rich town lots, but I am used to that. In February, on two acres of fairly good land I sowed oats with a dressing of Lobos guano-(200 pounds) plowed in, and then harrowed in Canada peas. They came up well, but in April the p^as looked so yellow that I gave them a dressing of 125 pounds of nitrate of soda with marvelous good results. On April fifteenth I began to cut and* feed the crimson clover to three horses, two cows and a number of pigs, cutting:

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

609

down their corn rations two-thirds. On May first I began on the white blooming clover, and am now (May twenty-ninth) feeding the vetch, and will save a lot of the latter for hay. Now, my stock and I are doing the smiling part and my neighbors the admiring. The clover was a perfect success and grew two feet high, and the vetch was a sight to see, but the oats were a failure. Right here I would like to say that I find the white blooming crimson clover a very valuable green feed, coming in as it does, just as the ordinary crimson clover dries up, and making the two varieties last six or seven weeks. I have never been able to make good hay of either. At the present time my oats and peas are waist high and well headed and podded. People are constantly stopping to examine them and to find out what they are, the pea blossoms making it look like a flower garden. I am hoping that all my stock will like the mixture, and if they do I will not have to buy another bale of dried straw at $1.50 per hundred, or another bushel of half rotten Western corn at ninety-five cents per bushel this season. My teams are certainly improving under the clover feed, and I shall make a good corn crop on this land now, as I am going to plant next week.

In town I have a lot, or lots, where for ten years I have each and every year cut a clover or vetch crop and afterwards got a good corn crop. On these I now only use acid phosphate and Kainit every other year, sending what manure my cows and horses make to my farms, and for three years, under this treatment, my crops have not decreased. In my vetch this year I have found a stocky large leaved variety of vetch that has long pea-like pods, which really look large enough to be of account as a grain ration. I take this to be English vetch, but am sending you a stalk to make sure. Please examine it and see if I am right, (yes.—Ed.) I have been experimenting with alfalfa for four years, and if you care for it will give you my results later on. They have been very disappointing, but I really believe that I have at last struck it right after many trials.

L. E. NORFLEET. Edgecombe Co., N. C.

We shall be glad to have your alfalfa experience. As much can be learned from failures as from successes.—Ed.

about one and a half tons of mixed hay to the acre. It is a great surprise and pleasure to me to see this clover, for the land's sake and for my own pecuniary interest. It gives me some assurance that my farm will again produce clover. Formerly it did so almost to perfection, b\t for ten years money invested in clover seed might as well have been cast into a ditch; it never came back. The seed, from which my present crop has grown, has been in that ground for years. That which makes it interesting to me is to know the peculiar conditions that have caused the seed to germinate this year. Can those conditions be brought about by the farmer himself? Can any of our experiment stations throw any light upon this subject? Clover is a vastly important crop. The kind of clover our fathers produced, which made fat horses in summer and the best of hay (when properly cured) for winter. We didn't have sore legged horses from clover poison in those days, nor did we have dodder and a thousand and one other ugly weeds which we now see. We are indebted to dishonest seedsmen for many of these weeds. They have come here through adulterated seed.

Some years ago, while living in the lower part of Hanover county, Va., I purchased from one of my neighbors part of a field of clover, which I cut for my own use. It was a beautiful stand of volunteer clover, following wheat, I was assured at the time, that no seed had been sown on that field for some fifteen years. It had been let run wild to wire grass, and tilled only in corn and wheat. It had been handled by "croppers," principally negroes, and poorly plowed. The wheat had been sown by a recent purchaser, who plowed with three good mules. He (I am sure) struck the seed bed and brought them to the surface. It may be in my present crop, I am getting the benefits of a previous good, deep plowing.

S. S. HEPBURN.

Queen Anne Co., Md.

Clover seed will lie dormant for a generation if not brought within the influence of the sun and air. So soon as these can act upon it, it will germinate under favorable conditions of cultivation and make a crop.—Ed.

RED CLOVER.

Editor Southern Planter:

I am having an interesting experience this year with the old-fashioned field clover that I feel disposed to write to you about. In the fall of 1902 a field of some forty acres was seeded to wheat; timothy was sown with the wheat, and in the early spring of 1904 clover seed was sown. The wheat was a poor yield. The timothy and clover was fine. It was the finest prospect for mixed hay I ever had. In the summer of 1905 I had no clover at all, but cut a splendid crop of timothy, both that year and the following one. In 1906 I fallowed for wheat and seeded timothy again, but no red clover. The next year I had a splendid crop of wheat with rather a poor stand of timothy. I had thrown away so much money on clover seed that I did not sow any, looking to the timothy for my supply of hay. I have now as good a stand of clover on that field as any of my neighbors, and expect to cut

THE CORN BREEDING FARM OF A SOUTHERN PLANTER SUBSCRIBER.

Editor Southern Planter:

Visiting friends in the beautiful county of Talbot, Md., a few days ago, I was sitting one evening talking with a gentleman at whose home I was stopping, when a tall man with gray hair that rather belied his vigorous and youthful carriage, came in and was introduced as Mr. Oscar Collier. He said, "I was on my way home, but a friend told me that Prof. Massey was in town, and I turned about to see him, as I read the Southern Planter and other papers.

I at once remembered that my old Pennsylvania Dutch friend Lighty, of York county, Pa., had recently written in the National Stockman and Farmer that he had been getting fine seed corn from a man named Collier, in Maryland, but did not say where he lived in Maryland. I was glad, therefore, that I found I had struck the man, and we soon got into a lively talk about corn breeding. I was very much interested in what Mr. Lighty has written, lor he said that Mr. Collier had accomplished what few

G10

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[July,

have done. The Experiment Station officers had examined his field of corn, and were unable to find a single barren plant. Inasmuch as I have time and again examined fields of corn in various places, and never found a field in which there was less than ten per cent, barren stalks, I at once concluded that here was a man who had added at least ten per cent, to his crop. I soon found that Mr. Collier was a man after my own heart, and had been breeding not only for the typical ears, but for greater production, and I was glad also to know that the judge at the corn show in Baltimore last fall had made no mistake, even when selecting for typical ears, for it was Mr. Collier's corn that carried the blue ribbon, about which I remarked that no one could tell from the show whether the blue ribbon sample would make better seed than samples that did not get a ribbon. But fortunately the blue ribbon sample had also the inheritance of production behind it, and the judge, Prof. Taliaferro, was also glad that in selecting the best ears he had also selected the best bred corn and the most prolific. Some, like the editor of The Stockman and Farmer, had imbibed a notion that I have a special antipathy to pretty, score-card ears of corn, when my only contention was that breeding the corn with the sole object of getting pretty ears was a mistake. But in the Baltimore show neither the judge nor I was acquainted with the history behind Mr. Collier's corn, for Prof. Taliaferro, though perfectly familiar with Mr. Collier's work in corn breeding, did not know whose corn he was judging, and I knew nothing but that he had selected the best ears in the show. Therefore, I was glad to know that Mr. Collier and I perfectly agreed as to the necessity for breeding to ideal plants, and getting the finest ears as the result of good breeding of the whole plant, and I was happy to accept the invitation of Mr. Collier to visit his farm. Those who have never visited Talbot county have hardly an Idea of the agricultural paradise of the Eastern Shors at wheat harvest time. Driving the four miles out from Easton to the farm, when the fields on every hand were white to the harvest, and the corn fields had been put in their best dress to wait till the wheat was cut, showed well what a land of plenty was there, for forty or more bushels of wheat per acre is no novelty in Talbot, where more have been made.

The first thing that struck me on reaching Mr. Collier's farm was a field of Cow peas in rows growing ior seed, and the rows as clean as a cotton field. Turning into the broad avenue between rows of apple trees leading to the house I was also struck with the tall and un-trimmed hedges of osage orange, fully fifteen to twenty feet high, and I wondered that a man with such beautifully clean fields would tolerate these hedge rows. I asked Mr. Collier why he allowed these. He said that he regarded osage hedges as a nuisance and had destroyed most of what formerly incumbered the place, but the lines I saw were kept in just that condition, because he was breeding different varieties of corn, and the tall hedge rows were for the purpose of preventing the passage of pollen from one field to another. I saw then the reason, and pardoned the hedges and the owner. After testing a real farm dinner, we went out to look at what was being done in corn breeding. The breed-

ing and selection for seed for the home crop is done in several isolated plots. Selected ears are used to plant each a row for the pollen parent and other selected ears are used for the rows to be detassled as the mother rows, the male parents always being selected from the most productive plants in the most productive rows of the previous year, and the remaining portions of the ears, carefully labelled I found afterwards in a wire-screened case In the barn. The bred-up seed is used for the general crop, for all of Mr. Collier's corn is sold for seed, and all the corn he feeds at home is bought from those who are content to grow fifty cent corn, for he sells none at less than $2 and over per bushel. In the barn, that looked more like a mill than a barn was his elaborate cleaning machinery. I was shown curiously contrived screens that separate all the rounded butt and tip grains and allow none to pass but grains of uniform size and shape, thus saving the hand nubbing of the ears. All the tip and butt grains go into the feed mill for chops and meal. In a test made at the station of a long list of well bred typical corn ears, Mr. Collier's Excelsior corn made, as near as I remember, about ten bushels per acre more than any others, showing that breeding for prolific plants as well as pretty ears is a success.

Mr. Collier is also improving varieties of wheat, and I was shown fields of three varieties, all of which promise to make a good crop, though scab has been more prevalent than usual, caused probably by the attacks of the green aphis. I was shown a machine for selecting seed wheat Four spouts came down into the room below. Through the first two came down weeds and shriveled wheat for chicken feed. Through the third spout came the second grade wheat for milling, and through the fourth only the heaviest and plumpest grain for seed. Mr. Collier said that farmers got into the habit of buying his second grade-for seed and then saying that they had sown Collier's wheat. So he stopped selling any of this grade to farmers, and it all goes to mill, and no seed grain is sold but the first class, as he values his reputation too highly to allow the second grade to be sown and people be told that the crop came from his seed.

Altogether I was greatly pleased to find a student farmer who has realized the importance of careful breeding for the improvement of his crops, and as a natural result he has found a demand for his seed. To those who want seed corn on the ear he sends the finest selected ears at an advanced price, and getting it in this way the farmer can see just what he is planting. With breeding plots carefully studied all through the season, Mr. Collier is getting every year nearer and nearer to his ideal corn plant, and intensifying its heredity of productiveness as well as fine ears. He is breeding right along the line I have always advocated, and I was happy to find a man after my own heart.

He is also studying alfalfa, and has a field in which a variety of treatment has been practiced. Part was manured and the manure plowed under. Part manured after piowing and the manure on the surface. When manure was plowed under the alfalfa was best on this strong clay soil. Both these were inoculated with soil from the Experiment station plots. The remainder had neither manure nor inoculation, and showed the difference very

THE SOUTHE UN PLANTER.

611

plainly. The stand was good, but the growth on the unin-oculated part was poor as compared with the other, and the stand was rather inferior to it. He proposes to disk this part and apply more seed.

There are many fine farms and good farmers in that lovely region, and I wish that all were as close students as Mr. Collier. We need many such in every section of the grain-growing and cotton-growing country. "What a field there is for such work in the cotton belt and what a fortune there is there for a student farmer and cottonseed breeder!

W. F. MASSEY.

CROP ROTATION.

Editor Southern Planter:

In this day the "many men of many minds" saying is hardly more true than to say there are many men of the same mind.

In a recent number of The Planter I outlined a plan of rotation for the cotton-growing portion of the South, believing at the time as I believe now, that said plan is as nearly ideal as conditions will permit, and asking for criticisms. Though the solicited criticisms were not forthcoming, it was a pleasure of mine to hear Prof. Spillman, in his speech before the citizens of Georgetown, S. C, on Farmers' Day, recommend the same plan in every detail, though without any reference to my paper in The Planter. Whether or not Prof. Spillman saw my paper or not, the fact that the rotation I had suggested was given by him to the farmers of Georgetown county as the best they could follow, is a very good reason for us to accept it as safe and practicable. I have no knowledge of ever before hearing such a similar plan outlined, and I am certain my paper was the first. Nevertheless Prof. Spillman says it's O. K., and it certainly must be.

Below I suggest another which is intended to fill a condition where cotton is not wanted. Such a condition is here now in the cotton-growing districts, though not from the fact that there is really an over production of cotton. It is, rather, brought about by a high state of fertility which, though it rarely exists, is found in some places where strictly good farming methods have been adhered to. It is recognized that the richer the soil becomes the greater is the distance necessary for cotton. This being the case and the reverse being true of most other crops, a condition of improvement is reached sooner or later in which, despite the fact that large yields of cotton may be had, no more can be made, and it becomes more profitable to resort to a substitute which can stand crowding so long as the fertility is there. This is a condition certain to come unless more productive and diminutive varieties can be produced. The plan is shown graphically, as follows:

and sugar cane, on only three fields the same year. A small lot, just large enough to furnish vines for planting the potatoes is needed. This will be made highly fertile with organic manures and the slips treated with nitrate of soda to insure rapid and sufficient growth.

Hogs are allowed to run during the winter on the potato field after the roots are dug. This furnishes good exercise and considerable food that would otherwise be lost, and in addition the land will be much benefitted by the deep rooting.

Crimson clover will do well sown early in the cane by being shaded and the ground kept cool.

What does Prof. Spillman think of this plan?

L. H. McC.

Williamsburg Co., S. C.

Lot.

First Year.

Second Year.

II

III

Corn—Cowpeas.

SugarCane Crimson Clover.

Oats-FaU&Spr'ng Potatoes (Sweet

Oats-Fall &Spr'ng Potatoes (Sweet)

Corn—Cowpeas.

Sugar Cane Crimson Clover.

Third Year.

Sugar Cane.

oats-Fall &Spr'ng Potatoes (Sweet)

Corn—Cowpeas.

This allows for four staple crops—corn, oats, potatoes

SOME FORAGE POINTERS. Editor Southern Planter:

Though the making of hay in the South has become comparatively common, the business is still new and suffers from prevailing misconceptions. A few of these affect the results so seriously as to demand attention. Probably the two most common ideas as to Southern hay crops are that the cowpea is a soil improver and that crab grass is a soil exhauster. These two crops probably at present produce more Southern hay than all others combined. It is extremely important, therefore, that the actual facts as to their effect on soils be understood. The common conception as to the results of growing these two crops is conditional. Whether one improves soils and the other injures them, depends on circumstances.

That the pea is a soil improver cannot be questioned; the misconception lies in the extent or nature of this improvement. The general influence of cowpeas on the soil does not differ from that of many other crops. Its only noteworthy action is due to the fact of its being an air feeder so far as nitrogen is concerned. It takes nitrogen from the air and leaves it in the soil. There are several other plants which possess this property in even greater degree. The important practical fact in this connection is this—the addition of nitrogen to the soil, by the action of cowpeas is only partial and onesided fertilizing of that soil. Two other substances are Just as important as nitrogen. The real practical value of the air nitrogen obtained through action of a legume depends on the supply of phosphoric acid and potash available to go with that nitrogen. Many a farmer, who knows perfectly well that all three of these substances are indispensible to the crop, and that the use of either one alone is effective only so far as the other two are already present in the soil, forgets the significance of this fact when the soil influence of cowpeas is concerned. He entertains the idea that cowpeas, in some way, are a complete soil improver or fertilizer.

It should be borne in mind that this crop leaves in the soil only such phosphoric acid and potash as it found in the soil. If the pea crop is itself removed from the soil it necessarily removes all of these two substances which it contains. In this case, therefore, though the pea adds to the nitrogen, it leaves less phosphoric acid and potash than the soil contained before A. E. STOCKBRIDGE.

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER

[Jnfy,

Trucking, Garden and Orchard

WORK FOR THE MONTH.

Successional crops of sweet corn, lima beans, pole beans and black eye peas should be planted at intervals of a few days all through the month to keep up the supply for table and market. Cucumbers for pickles should be planted at once if not already planted. Navy beans should be planted this month. They usually do better planted in this month than earlier. Plant in rows 2 feet, 6 inches apart and 6 or 8 inches apart in the rows. Never cultivate this crop when wet with dew or rain or they will rust and die. Sweet potato slips should be set out and cuttings be taken from the plants set out earlier to make potatoes for keeping well and for seed for next year's crop. These cuttings are simply the ends of the vines with three or four leaves on them. All the length of the cutting should be buried except the tip of the vine with two leaves and they will soon root. Longer cuttings of the vines should be taken for making the seed, say half a yard long. These should be wound round the hand and be buried except the tip end of the vine and these will root at the joints and make small potatoes for sets. Seed raised from these cuttings will be free from black rot -fungus.

Tomato plants for producing the late crop should now 'be planted. If you have no plants left over it is not yet "too late to raise them. Sow the seed in a hot bed and push them on as fast as possible and set cut as soon as 1a?ie enough. We hear that the cold wet weather has billed many of the earlier set plants and that there is a likelihood of a short crop in many sections. This should make a good demand for the late fruit.

Gather and ship or store for home use the product of the spring planted crops and the small fruits as they ripen and mature. Do not store or ship hot from the plants but cool them off well before packing or storing. Onions as they ripen should be pulled and after drying well in the field should be stored in a cool shed on slatted shelves. The potato onions planted in the fall are the first to mature, and these should be shipped as soon as possible as they will not keep. They usually sell wel| during the earlier summer months as they come in the market before the seed onions are ready.

The Irish potato crop for the winter supply should be now planted. The sets for this crop are supplied from cold storage and after being received should be spread out on the barn floor to warm up and sprout before being planted. After the sprouts have just started the tubers should be set. Plow out the rows deeply and mix the fertilizer well into the soil in the bottom of the furrow and then plant the sets and cover lightly and as the plants grow work the soil into the rows until they become level and keep level during cultivation and the growth of the crop. A fertilizer suited to the production of this crop

can be made up of 80^ lbs. of cotton seed meal, 100 lbs. of nitrate of soda, 800 lbs. of acid phosphate and 300 lbs.' of muriate of potash, to make a ton. Apply at the rate of from 500 to 8C0 lbs. to the acre.

The land should be got ready for planting the second crop of Irish potatoes to be grown from seed raised from the crop planted in January and February. This is a crop largely raised in Tidewater Virginia and Eastern North Carolina, the object being to grow sets for planting the first crop in February. The sets raised from this second planting make better seed than the Northern grown tubers. The sets used for planting now are the medium sized potatoes, inclined to small rather than large. These should be spread out in a shady place to green for a week or ten days and then have a little good soil or woods mould spread over them and be kept moist when they will soon sprout. As soon as the sprouts have started they can be set out in the rows, following the same system as advised in the previous paragraph. The end of this month or the first half of August is soon enough to plant and the crop will then mature sufficiently by the time the frost strikes it.

Celery plants should begin to be set out in the rows where they are to grow to maturity but if the plants are very small they are better to be transplanted to a bed to grow for a week or two and become stocky plants before being set out in the rows. If the plants are inclined to be spindling clip off part of the tops and the long roots before replanting. The plot where the celery is to be grown should be made as rich as possible with manure and fertilizer as celery is a gross feeding plant and cannot be successfully grown without an abundance of plant food and moisture. If the plants can be set where they can be irrigated this will greatly help them. August is soon enough to plant the main crop as the plants do not make much growth until the cool weather sets in.

JAMESTOWN AWARDS FOR FRUIT.

Editor Southern Planter:

Will you allow me space in your valuable paper to correct an omission made in printing the list of awards gained at Jamestown Exposition, as published in your paper some months ago, and also in the annual report of our Society. Mr. Samuel B. Woods, of Arrowhead was awarded gold medal for his display of apples, instead of "apples and chestnuts," as printed; and the Albemarle Orchard Co., of Charlottesville, was awarded gold medal for apples and chestnuts.

WALTER WHATELY, Secretary State Hort. Society

THE SOUTHE BN PLANTEB.

613

STATE HELP FOR ADVANCEMENT OF THE FRUIT INDUSTRY OF VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

In your June issue I referred to the action of the State Board of Agriculture respecting the special appropriation of $2,500, made to them for the above-named purpose. On the 28th of May the joint committee met at Hotel Carroll, Lynchburg, to consider the best method of expenditure, all the members of the committee were present except Hon. George E. Murrell, who was unavoidably absent. The under-mentioned report was formulated by them after due discussion, and will be presented to their respective bodies forthwith. The sum of $1,500 only was provided for at this time, the balance of $1,00'0 being reserved for future disposal. This action of the State Board is most courteous and satisfactory to the members of the State Horticultural Society, who feel thereby that the influence and sincere efforts of the Society on these lines is being recognized, and that they will now be enabled to enlarge the scope of their work, which has been hitherto restricted by lack of funds.

WALTER WHATELY, Secretary and Treasurer, Virginia State Horticultural Society.

Virginia Horticultural Society. We, the joint committee on the part of the State Board of Agriculture on the one side and the Virginia State Horticultural Society on the other, having met and conferred together, do.beg to report as follows:

The appropriation of $1,500 made to the State Board of Agriculture and Immigration by the recent General Assembly of Virginia, "to be used for the especial development of horticulture," shall be used under the direction of the Executive Committee of said State Horticultural Society for the expenses of meetings of Executive Committee, for printing and advertising, for postage and ex-pressage, for expenses of annual meeting of the State Horticultural Society, for the expenses of getting scientific, practical and expert speakers, also for prizes and diplomas offered at said annual meeting necessary to induce growers to make exhibits, and for assisting in getting up a creditable exhibit of fruit at the State Fair of Virginia. We would recommend that the bills for the necessary expenses indicated above be submitted to and audited by the Executive Committee of said State Horticultural Society, and when such accounts are passed upon and directed to be paid by said Executive Committee, the Commissioner of Agriculture shall draw his warrant upon the auditor, countersigned by the president of the Board of Agriculture, as other warrants are paid. Respectfully submitted,

J. W. CHURCHMAN, C. W. HEATER, J. R. GOODWIN, On part of Board of Agriculture. J. B. WATKINS,-HENRY C. WYSOR,.

On part of Virginia State Horticultural Society. We are glad to know that such prompt action has been taken by the Board and the Society, and that the members of the joint committee are in harmony as to the lines

to be followed to encourage and develop the fruit and horticultural resources of the State. We would urge that a due share of encouragement and help be accorded the other horticultural interests of the State, such as truck growing and gardening. This is a great horticultural State. Our truck and garden products total millions in value each year, and anything that can be done to further develope this branch of industry and make it more profitable should have consideration. The State Horticultural Society has done a good work with very limited means. Now, that it has been given greater help we are satisfied that it will show that it has deserved the confidence reposed in it. In our opinion, two of the points needing the greatest attention is the opening out of new markets for our products and the establishment of a better system of packing and selling.—Ed.

ORNAMENTAL SHRUBS FOR THE HOME GROUNDS.

Editor Southern Planter:

Would you, kindly give me a list of the lest shrubs and vines native to the South, and ones that will do well in this part of Virginia. I have been struck zoith the lack of these flowers near me. In my home, North, toe have all kinds almost, but on the farm I bought there is not one plant of any kind. I am anxious to put about my lawn and roads native plants, but not being familiar with the best nor where to secure same, I take the liberty of writing you.

I have read your article with interest, and wish it might tcaken interest in some of the people nearby.

XATimiNE GOULD. Bedford Co., Ya.

You will find the following all good, though some may not be natives. Such as are not I will indicate:

Azalea calendulacea, the flame-colored azalea of the North Carolina mountains, a splendid spring-flowering shrub.

Azalea pontiac, the hardy Ghent azalea of Belgium, flowers yellow, orange and red. Callicarpa Americana, two varieties of shrubs native to the South, with purple and white berries. Caly can thus floridus, the native sweet shrub. Calycanthus Praecox, the Japanese variety with very sweet flowers. Chilopsis linearis, the Texas flowering willow, blooming all summer. Chionanthus Virginica, the white fringe tree. The staminate plant has the most showy flowers, and the pistillate one has black berries. Citrus trifoliata, the hardy Japan orange, which has pretty oranges in the fall, but seedy and not edible. Cl-."o-dendron fragrans, a dwarf shrub with white flowers as double as a rose, very fragrant. Corchorus Japonicus, the double flowered Japanese plant with flowers like yellow roses. Pyrus Japonica, the Japan quince, with scarlet and rose-colored flowers. The rose colored is better than the old scarlet, but both are desirable. Hydrangea Thomas Hogg, the white flowering Japan hydrangea, more hardy than the pink and blooms more profusely. Hydrangea Paniculata grandiflora, one of the most showy of late summer flowering shrubs. Lagerstroemia Indica, the Crape myrtle. There are several varieties from white to pink, purple and crimson. The new crimson one is the finest of the groups, but all are fine. Lonicera fragrantis-

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

sima, the sweet bush honeysuckle that blooms very early, very sweet flowers. Prunus Sinensis, the Chinese double flowering almond, a small shrub, but showy. Punica granatum, the double flowered pomegranate, is very showy, but will need in your section to have some corn stalks packed around it in winter. Viburnum plicatum, the Japanese snow-ball, is a very handsome shrub. The old snow-ball is also good. These are all deciduous. The following are evergreen.

Azalea Amoena, the dwarf hardy Chinese Azalea, a very showy small shrub. Azalea India Alba and Phoenicia are also hardy. Aucuba Japonica, the gold dust tree, with broad leaves speckled with yellow. It is from Japan. Pleagnus Simoni, the evergreen Oleaster. Makes edible fruit, but blooms too late to fruit in your climate. Bleag-nus aurea maculata, has yellow spotted leaves, and is a rank climber. Ilex Cassine, the American tea plant, that is said to have the same alkaloid that Chinese tea has, and makes fine clusters of red berries like the common holly. Ilex glabra has black berries, and is more dwarf. Kalmia latifolia, the native mountain ivy, or laurel, one of the finest native shrubs. Cerasus lauro-cerasus, the Portugal, or English laurel cherry, has broad evergreen leaves, and there are several varieties. Osmanthus aqul-folium, the holly leaved olive, is more compact and prettier than the holly.

Of climbers you will find the Japanese Kudzu vine the most rapid growing vine in existence. It is a hardy bean, and after getting some age it makes clusters of dark bluish purple flowers like small wisteria blooms. It will kill back slightly in winter, but that matters little, for in good soil and location it will grow a foot a day in warm weather. Clematis paniculata is one of the best and most showy of the family, covered with white flowers in late summer. Wistaria sinensis, of course, every one wants both the purple and the white flowered varieties. Then there is Prunus Caro liniana, the evergreen Carolina cherry, or Mock Orange, as it is called in the South, which I should have mentioned in the evergreen shrubs, and the various coniferous evergreens, especially the Chinese arborvitaes of dwarf habit, and the various privets. The Japan privet, Ligustrum Japonicum and Lucidum are both perfectly evergreen, and the Amoor river privet makes a graceful bush and pretty hedges. I might greatly extend the list, but this will show you how much there is to choose from. You can get any of these from the P. J. Berckmans Co., Atlanta, Ga.

W. F. MASSEY.

PEACH GROWING IN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

Peach growing is one of the most profitable lines of horticultural work when properly carried on in sections where the soil and climatic conditions are suitable. This fruit suffers especially from lack of proper care, such as pruning, cultivation, heavy, wet soils, etc., and, under such conditions, will sicken and become unprofitable. However, no small part of the care necessary to the growth of good peaches profitably will have to be expended

in. controlling the insect pests and diseases of this fruit. One of the most important of these is known as Peach Yellows.

This disease has been known in America, its native home, for over 100 years, and is considered to be one of the most serious diseases with which the American fruit grower has to contend. It was formerly confined to small districts along the Atlantic coast, in New Jersey, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Maryland, etc., but, within the last twenty-five years, it has spread to a very large extent, and absolutely ruined the peach industry over large areas, especially in the eastern part of the country. It also attacks plums, nectarine and apricot.

It is a well-known fact that the disease has been very destructive in Virginia. In fact, it has practically wiped out the industry in one or two counties that were famous for their fine peaches some years since.

The Michigan growers have proven quite conclusively that the disease can be controlled by destruction of diseased trees as soon as they show the first symptoms. The table below shows this fact quite plainly. These figures indicate that there were only about 20'0,000 peach trees in Berrien county, of that State, in 1865, and, during the next ten years, this number had increased to over 600,000.

Year Source of Information No. of Trees.

*Lyon, p. 241 *Lyon, p. 241 tl c. p. 53; Lyon, p. 240

201,603 385,530 594,467

54,827 654,000.

42,863 923,288

1865.

1869.

1872.

1884.

1874.

1890. U. S. Census

1900. U. S. Census

* History of Michgan Horticulture.

fAccurate canvass of the Principal Fruit Growing Townships by L. C. Marchant.

We are reliably informed that peach yellows became very destructive between the years 1874 and 1884, and, from the table, it will be seen that the number of trees was reduced in ten years to a little over 54,000, and, during the next six years, fell even below that figure. The enforcement of a strict law for the destruction of diseased trees, however, caused the industry to develop by leaps and bounds, the number of trees reaching almost the million mark during the next ten years, being an increase of more than twenty-fold.

In no other State, so far as our knowledge goes, has the crusade against this disease been carried on with such vigor, and the Michigan peach is known far and wide.

A number of the Michigan growers told me that, where the inspection and destruction of diseased trees was carried out vigorously, the loss by peach yellows was not more than about one tree in a thousand each year, though it was, of course, much greater where the inspection was not so thorough. It is natural to suppose, however, that the losses will be quite large for a while until the disease is brought thoroughly under control.

While this disease has become very destructive in Virginia during the last few years; however, the opportunities for success in growing this fruit were never greater

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

615

for those persons who will give proper attention to the control of this serious disease.

The symptom usually observed is the premature ripening of fruit on a portion of the affected trees. This early ripening fruit is often spotted or mottled with red, extending from the pit, outward, and may be insipid or even bitter to the taste. Peaches on one limb of a diseased tree may attain full size and ripen up in this way, while the rest of the fruit is perfectly green and not larger than marbles.

It is important to inspect each variety just before the time for the fruit to ripeu, and mark the trees as soon as this first symptom of premature ripening of the fruit

The switchy, broom-like growth must be depended upon for the detection of this disease in young orchards and during seasons when there is no crop of fruit. The healthy peach twig does not have many side branches, and the leaves are quite large compared with the small leaves of the yellows growth. The accompanying cut shows, to the right, healthy leaves and, to the left, a twig that put out small leaves and twigs late in the fall. This twig shows distinct symptoms of peach yellows, but it is an extreme case. The next cut shows a more broom.like growth, one of the very latest symptoms, which does not usually appear until the tree is almost dead, though the writer has observed it on some trees that were apparently quite healthy and vigorous.

A vigorous campaign is being carried on by county inspectors in some of the most important peach growing counties of the State, but the territory allotted to each inspector is very large, and it is impossible for the inspectors to examine the orchards more than twice or three times a year. This makes it absolutely necessary for each grower to learn the symptoms of this disease suffi-

is observed. This should be done, even though the fruit ripens prematurely on one small limb only, for the switchy, broom-like growth may not appear until much later, and it is necessary to dig out the trees before this switchy growth appears if one wishes to control the disease with the least loss.

ciently to become his own inspector. He can then go over his orchard just before each variety ripens, and find and mark the diseased trees and have them destroyed promptly. J. L. PHILLIPS,

Blacksburg, Va.

State Entomologist.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

CRANBERRY GROWING IN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

Will you allow me as briefly as possible to answer the letters of inquiry, which keep coming concerning the cranberry lands of Princess Anne county, Virginia, through the mention made of same in your columns? The locality referred to in the short article published in a late issue is in the southern part of the county, some seven miles from the ocean, and mostly on the west side of the North river. There are several hundred acres of bog land, with patches of the cranberry growing wild, quite abundantly, and to a fair degree of . perfection. The land is mostly covered with small shrubbery—whortleberries being plentiful in places. The best way to prove the adaptability of these lands to commercial cranberry culture is, to quote from United States agricultural bulletin No. 176, which says:

"The best index to fitness of soil for this crop is the occurrence of native cranberry plants. Where the cranberry is indigenous to the soil it is safe to undertake the commercial cultivation of the crop."

Thus we have proof. The United States Department of Agriculture will furnish bulletin 176 for the asking, and the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station has issued bulletin No. 119, which is much more complete. From these- two bulletins inquirers can get the plan of cultivation, amount of crops per acre and the general prices, etc. I hope the foregoing is sufficient for any one who has a notion to come and see and fully investigate. Land belonging to the State costs seventy-five cents per acre, with cost of smveying, etc., and takes from six to twelve months to obtain title. Private parties will sell at from $3 to $5 per acre, in tracts of not less ban 100 acres.

A. O. *BAUM.

Princess Anne Co., Va.

FRUIT CROP PROSPECTS IN VIRGINIA.

Editor Southern Planter:

In reply to your request for a further report on fruit prospects in Albemarle county, I do not think there is much change since my report of a month ago. Plums are now beginning to ripen, and are a very heavy crop, so far, they promise well, with less rot than usual appearing as they near maturity. Winter apples are, as near as I can tell, about forty per cent, of a.crop, taking average all around. They are promising to be of extra good quality, being smoother, better grown and sticking tighter than usual. This satisfactory and promising condition is, I think, in a great measure, if not entirely, due to the greater care, spraying, etc., that has been taken generally by our orchardists. While the fruit crop is generally so promising and satisfactory, I fear the same condition will not apply to the markets.

WALTER WHATELY.

Apples, very light crop. Peaches, fair crop.

A. M. BOWMAN. Roanoke Co., Va.. June IS, 1908.

Replying to yours of the 17th, we will say there is a very light crop of fruit throughout this section Xono of the tree fruits are half a crop. Strawberries were about

half a crop and sold at advanced prices. Raspberries and blackberries promise to be a good crop.

J. B. WATKINS & BRO. Chesterfield Co., Va.

In reply to your letter of the 17th inst, I will say that in some localities there is very little fruit while in other more is reported. Altogether I would not put the crop above 25 per cent, of a normal crop. Ths is our off year.

JOHN R. GUERRANT. Franklin Co., Va.

Replying to your favor of June 17th, will say I have just gotten home from visiting some of our best orchards and am satisfied that there will be a 65 per cent. crop. Some orchards that bore last year will have a short crop or none at all this season; and orchards that failed last year are in good condition at this time. Young fruit has size and is well shaped. Peach crop is good. Strawberries and raspberries fruited well and outlook for other vines good.

DAVID O'RORK. Augusta Co., Va.

WOOD ASHES AS A FERTILIZER FOR FRUIT TREES,

It is only right that the farmer should, when possible, utilize every waste product on the farm. There accumulates around the house during the winter season a quantity of wood ashes, which are of some fertilizing value,, their principal constituent of plant food being potash.

If these ashes have not been exposed to the rains-(which will cause the very soluble potash to leach out) they may be used in the orchard to a good advantage. While ashes may be applied closer to the body of the tree than manures, they should not be banked too closely. One peck of strong, unleached ashes spread about a newly-set tree is enough, while from one to three bushels should be used for a tree five years old and upwards. Ashes may be applied almost any time, and a good way is to carry the ashes to the orchard as they are removed from the stove.

Since potash is the valued element in wood ashes, and since it is also the one so much needed in the orchard (insuring early ripening, rich color and solid fruit) the farmer should see that it is only unleached ashes he applies. While it will be all right to use the amount made-on his farm, it is not good practice to buy elsewhere. It means paying too much for the percentage of potash they contain, not to mention the expense of hauling. It is better and cheaper to supplement the home supply by using Kainit or high grade muriate of potash. When these cannot be readily obtained, a fertilizer containing two per cent, nitrogen, six per cent phosphoric acid and eight percent, potash may be applied. While such a mixture may be put under and around a newly-set tree, it need not be put nearer than four feet of the body of a bearing tree. It should be applied to the surface and then turned under, so as to be placed down near to the feeding roots.

Coal ashes are of little value except on wet lands, and that is the kind of land on which fruit trees should never be planted.—D. I. Duncan, Market Growers' Journal.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

617

Live Sto zk and Dairy,

The Veeman Family—Hygeia Herd Holstein-Friesians.

THE HYGEIA HERD OF HOLSTEIN FRIESIANS.

"When that most affable Virginian and distinguished naval surgeon, Major William Fitzhugh Carter, purchased the Hygeia herd from Dr. Samuel Adams Robinson, Coves-ville, Va., he not only displayed plenty of grit, but he gave the pure-bred stock industry of the State a magnificent boost. It would have been a calamity indeed to have had this herd dispersed or moved from the State. It will be remembered that Dr. Robinson, who founded it, invaded the heart of Holsteindom, and with rare judgment and a long purse, assembled this lot of dairy cattle, which can scarcely be equalled in the breed or excelled out of it.

Immediately after purchasing the herd, Dr. Carter removed it to his splendidly adapted farm of some 550 acres near-by Crozet, on the C. & O Ry. There is no more beautiful location in Virginia. The land is slightly rolling and every hill end vale is in fall view of the Blue Ridge on the north and west and the Ragged mountains on the South. The buildings are ideally located on the crest of a commanding elevation, and a view from here is most enchanting. But our subject is cattle, not scenery. Personnel of the Herd.

A roll-call of the herd would, of course, have to start with the name, Jessie Veeman A. For fifteen years she has been before the public, in the stable and in the show ring, always a winner, and is still attending to her duty in Hygeia herd with dignity and grace peculiar to her. In her younger days she produced 26.25 pounds of butter in a week, averaging eighty-three pounds of milk per day, and even now she seems anxious to do the trick again, but an accident to her udder, causing the loss of one quarter, compels her to leave that part to her daughters. Seven of these daughters, closely resembling her in conformation, stand at her side. Six have already been admitted to the Advanced Registry, and another soon to follow, which gives her the credit of having more A. R. O. daughters than any other cow with an equal record. Her son, Hygeia Veeman Butter Boy, is premier sire in the State Agricultural College herd, while others head several of the leading herds of the north.

Her daughters have records as follows: Jessie Veeman Hengerveld, 21.3 lbs; Jessie Veeman C, 20.4 lbs.; Frontier Jessie Veeman, 20.7 lbs.; Jessie Veeman Dione, 18.95

lbs.; Jessie Veeman A., II., 14.49 lbs.; Beryl Jessie Veeman A., 9.68 lbs. The last two were made at two years old. Several granddaughters in the herd show great promise.

Another good one is Princess Korndyke De Kol, who made 25.96 lbs. of butter in a week. She is a granddaughter of Belle Korndyke, 26.88 lbs., who has just given birth to her eighteenth calf, which shows the wonderful length of the Holstein cow's productive period.

Another famous animal in the herd is Joe Bach Josephine, 23.82 lbs. She was one of the five cows to win the dual purpose test at the St. Louis Exposition.

Anzalette Pauline II., with her wonderful milk record of 94 lbs. in one day, and over 88 lbs. per day for thirty days, deserves special notice. She is a beautiful animal, and is preparing for a still greater record when she again freshens.

Among the heifers which have freshened for the first time this year are four daughters of Mercedes Julip's Pietertje Paul, the $20,00'0 Star Farm bull. He was from a 29V2 lb cow, and by a brother to the sire of the world's

Jessie Veeman A. Her A. It. O. is 36.25 lbs; dam of 6 A. R. O. daughters.

champion, Colantha Fourth's Johanna, A. R. O., 35.23 lbs.

These are exceptionally fine, and are doing great work at the pail.

Hygeia Cornucopia Pauline, granddaughter of the

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

Champion to '07, is two years old this month, and is giving over four gallcrs of milk per day, although she has been in milk nearly four months.

The calves are, without exception, fine lusty fellows. They are fed on whole milk for about three weeks, and

ful production of his daughters, over seventy-six of which are in the advanced registry.

On the sire's side, Pontiac Calypso's Son combines the blood of Beryl Wayne, 27.87 lbs., and De Kol II., 26.57

«1

"* „

Frontier Jessie Veeman, A. R. O. days; A. R. O. of dam, 26.25 lbs.

20.7 lbs. butter in 7

then put on skim milk, hay and grain. They weigh at birth anywhere from 100 lbs. to 115 lbs., and make rapid gain from that time forward.

The premier sire of the herd is Pontiac Calypso's son, one of the best young dairy sires living to-day. In his veins, runs the blood of the champions of the breed, five of his ancestors having held the world's championship for butter production.

His dam, Pontiac Calypso, made in an official test, 28.43 lbs. of butter in seven days, and 116.67 lbs. in thirty

Jessie Veeman Dione. A. R. O. 18.95 lbs.; of dam, 26.25 lbs. Dr. W. F. Carter and Mr. "W. F. Carter discussing this great cow.

days, her milk testing on an average of 4.06 per cent, butter fat. She was by Hengerveld De Kol, who is admitted to be the champion Holstein sire, because of the wonder-

Pontiac Calypso's Son. A. R. O. of dam, 28.43 lbs.; Sire's dam, 27.87 lbs.; average of two dams, 28.15 lbs.

of

lbs., his sire being from Beryl Wayne and by De Kol Second's Paul De Kol, who is also the sire of Aggie Cornucopia Pauline, 34.31 lbs., champion to '07.

This bull was purchased at a cost of $1,000, and is now well worth double the money because of the increased record of his dam. The herd contains many of his get, both male and female, and they are, without exception, very fine, and show great promise.

Assisting Pontiac Calypso's Son, are the young show bulls, King Ormsby Friend and Hygeia Butter King. Many of the readers of The Southern Planter saw these bulls at the principal Virginia shows in 1906, when they were shown as yearling and bull calf, respectively, winning first prize and championship in every case. They are as hard to beat now as In '06.

King Ormsby Friend was bred in the North, and is a cross between the De Kol II and Duchess Ormsby families, two of the most famous families of the breed, De Kol II. having more A. R. O. granddaughters than any other cow of the breed, and Duchess Ormsby with her three sisters and their offspring, forty-five in number, average over four per cent, butter fat in official test.

This bull is nearly a perfect specimen of a Holstein sire, handsome in form and markings, and with the style and action of a thoroughbred. He lacked but forty pounds of weighing a ton at three years old.

Hygeia Butter King is an equally fine show bull, and and is from Anzaletta Pauline II, who gave in an official test 94 lbs. of milk in one day, 2,641.4 pounds in thirty days, and made 24.64 lbs. of butter in a week, and over 101 lbs. in thirty days.

By the use of these bulls Hygeia herd is assured of stock of the highest merit in production and conformation.

Buildings, Silo, Etc.

The main barn is 30 by 80 feet, accommodating forty head of cows in two rows, facing towards the middle, or feeding aisle. At one end of the barn is the silo, 16 feet

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER.

619

diameter by 34 feet deep, opening directly into the feeding aisle. The cows are fastened with the chain hanging stanchion, which permits them plenty of ireedom The

King Ormsby Friend. Sire's dam, 24.27 lbs.

A. R. O. of dam, 19.55 lbs.; of

barn is well lighted and ventilated, and no pains are spared to keep it clean and sanitary.

The milk is taken, as soon as it is drawn, to the dairy building, 200 feet distant, where it is run through a De Laval Turbine Separator. The skim milk is then fed and the cream packed in ice, awaiting shipment. The power for the separator is furnished by a six-horse-power boiler, which also furnishes steam for washing and sterilizing the utensils used in caring for the milk.

The young cattle are kept in separate barns apart from the main barn. These open directly into the paddocks. A building is in progress of construction which will furnish quarters for the herd bulls.' It will consist simply of box stalls opening into wire enclosed paddocks, which afford ample room for exercise.

Major Carter has seen thirty years of active service in the navy, and expects to retire next year, and become a full-fledged "land-lubber." He has earned his vaca-

place. In the meantime, everything is in capable hands. Hie son, Mr. W. F. Carter, Jr., is just as enthusiastic a stockman as you can find, and Mr. J. B. Loomis, his herd auperintendent, knows more about stock and Hol-steins in particular, than is found in the books.

With the steady increase in the demand for pure-bred stock, Hygeia is going to supply its quota, and there will be "repeat" orders from those who buy once. The herd is really an institution, and as such we commend it to our readers.

SHEPHERD.

"Economy Silo" and Barn.

COOPER'S JERSEY SALt.

The annual memorial-day auction sale of imported Jersey cattle by T. S. Cooper & Sons, Coopersburg, Pa., was, as usual, a great success, and buyers from all over the country turned our in large numbers. While there were no sensational prices paid for bulls, as in former years, all stock moved off briskly, and the 112 head fetched $39,710, an average of $354.55 per head.

Virginia was well represented among the buyers. A total of thirteen head were brought back by Col. A. M. Bowman, Salem; Hon. A. B. Lewis, Fredericksburg, and W. G. Kittredge, Esq., Clarkton. The former, as usual, was an extensive buyer, getting eight choice ones for Bowmont farms, while three came down to Fredericksburg for Wyldewood farms, and two to Mr. Kittredge.

Among Col. Bowman's purchases, was the prize cow Eminent's Zanzibar, a highly commended daughter of his great herd bull, Eminent II. We learn that he also looked with covetous eyes on the top price cow of the sale, Majesty's Lady Houpa, being next to last bidder. She went to Dr. C. E. Still for $2,00'0.

Chief among Mr. Lewis' purchases was the thrice winner of public butter tests in the Island, Gamboge's Queen, by Gamboge's Hero, first over Jersey in 1898 as a tested sire. Her record is two pounds, 10 ounces; two pounds, three and one-half ounces, and two pounds, nine and one-half ounces butter in twenty-four hours.

Mr. Kittredge got two splendid heifers in Stockwell's Brown Maid and Stockwell's Minette. ,

We congratulate these gentlemen on their purchases and their grit in going to headquarters and buying the best there is in the breed. It takes lots of nerve and a long pocket-book to go to Cooper's every year and buck the greatest Jersey breeders in America. Virginia owes much to Col. Bowman and Mr. Lewis for bringing her into such prominence as a Jersey State. These two gentlemen own three of the highest priced bulls in America— the highest of the breed. ,

Our farmers have an opportunity to get the best right at home, and the monthly offering of these gentlemen will be found in our advertising columns.

tion, which will be spent at Hygeia developing the herd with which he is so much in love, and beautifying the

SILVER SPRING FARM, CLARKE COUNTY, VA., LIVE STOCK SALE.

A perfect day opened up and held throughout the sale of Shorthorn cattle, Percheron colts, Poland-China pigs and Shropshires at the Silver Spring Stock Farm of Mr. Robert R. Smith. The attendance was good and made up of representative farmers and stock men from West Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania. The cattle were en-

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

tirely grass cattle, having had no feed except grazing for five weeks. They were presented in only fair flesh, but in thrifty, strong breeding condition, and were for the most part good individuals, and were with few exceptions calved on the farm. Prices for them were conservative, the gain resting with the buyer in most cases. The most desirable sorts brought out sharp competition in the bidding, and on the final summing up the sales seemed entirely satisfactory to the seller. Every offering was taken at a fair value, and there was no by-bidding, everything being on the square, which seemed to raise confidnce in the buyers. The herd is in thrifty condition, the young things coming on giving promise of a somewhat better, thicker-fleshed lot for the next sale. The colts were just from the pasture, but were fat and shed. They were a good-boned, square-built lot, and were all taken at good prices. They were rather the best lot yet offered from the Silver Spring Farm, and found new homes in Virginia, West Virginia and Maryland, being nearly as widely distributed as the cattle, whch went to buyers from these three states and Pennsylvania. The Poland-Chinas were all taken by local buyers at good figures. They were a fine let of pigs, only 6 ti. 10 weeks old, and showed fine breeding and good growth. The Shropshire^ were lambs still on their dams, and were sold for August delivery. They were heavy-boned, well-wooled youngsters, and carry as fine breeding as any in America. The sale was preceded by lunch served about 11 o'clock, the bidding opening about 12:30 by an address from Mr. Heflebower, who spoke of the merits of pure-bred stock and the gain for feed that they made over common stock. Mr. H., who is an experienced farmer as well as a gifted auctioneer, knows whereof he speaks. The bids were received by Mr. West, whose ability as an auctioneer and successful farmer is second to none.

TO THE DUROC-JERSEY SWINE BREEDERS OF VA.

A meeting of the breeders of Duroc-Jersey Swine in the State of Virginia will be held in the City of Richmond during the meeting of the State Farmers Institute, August 4 to 6. The meeting will be huld for the purpose of organizing a Duroc-Jersey Swine Breeders Association. The purpose of this association will be the advancement of the interests of both the breed and the breeders and to formulate rules for exhibiting and to arrange for prizes at the leading Fairs in the State. It is hoped that every breeder of pure-brel Durocs in Virginia will attend this meeting. The headquarters of the Institute will be at Murphy's Hotel, Richmond and breeders are requested to meet there and register their nams and enquire for me.

LESLIE D. KLINE,

Vanclusc, Va.

Mr. Kline writes us that he has already written all breeders of Durocs known to him. Such breeders as have not heard from him are particularly requested to write Mr. Kline relative to the proposed Association and meeting.—Ed.

VIRGINIA STATE FAIR, RICHMOND—STATE CHAMPIONSHIP BERKSHIRES. Grand Silver Loving Cup Offered by the American Berkshire Association for the Best Herd of Berkshires, Bred and Exhibited by Breeders of the Different States. The American Berkshire Association, for the purpose of encouraging breeders generally to exhibit their herds at the State Fairs of 1908, offers a Silver Cup (value fifty dollars) to the owner of the best herd of'Berkshires, consisting of a boar and three sows under one year old, at each State Fair that provides a separate classification for Berkshires.

The Grand Silver Cup of the American Berkshire Association will be offered through the several State Berkshire Associations that will provide a second prize of $15.00' and a third prize of $10.00 for the exhibitors' herds referred to above.

Conditions. First.—That the boars and sows competing for the above prizes be registered in the Record of this Association at time of entry and there must be two or more competitors.

Second.—That the animals competing for the above premiums must be bred and owned by an exhibitor of the State in which the Fair is held.

Third.—That entries for the premiums herein offered must be made with the Secretary of the Fair at the time the entries are made for the regular classes.

Fourth.—The awarding of the above prizes shall be made by the regular Judge in the Berkshire classes and certified to the American Berkshire Association by the Secretary of the Fair Association.

Fifth.—Reports of awards must be filed for the above prizes with the Secretary of the American Berkshire Association, at Springfield, 111., prior to December 31, 1908. Sixth.—Upon the receipt of the certificate of award the Cup will be suitably engraved and shipped to the successful exhibitor. For further particulars address

FRANK S. SPRINGER, Secretary American Berkshire Association. Springfield, 111. The Berkshire Association of Virginia has made arrangements to accept the above offer and if the proper entries are made for the State Fair in October, the cup and accompanying premiums will be offered.—Ed.

THE CATTLE SITUATION. Recently beef exported to England has been shipped back to this country to help supply the needs of consum- , ers here. Probably there has never been such a shipment before in the history of the American beef industry. The shortage which made this shipment necessary is in some respects the most remarkable on lecord. It comes at a time when supplies of other meats are ample and comparatively cheap, at a season when beef consumption is not apt to be heavy, and during a financial and industrial depression which has caused a limited consumption of all meats. If pork and mutton were dearer, if business conditions were as they were early in 1907, $10 per cwt. would not be an extravagant estimate for the top of the June cattle market.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

621

The Poultry Yard.

POULTRY NOTES.

Many very absurd statements are made and published relative to the profits to be derived from a fleck of chickens. I note in several numbers of The Planter, criticisms and warnings written by men who are familiar with advanced methods of agricultural science. I do not wish to antagonize any class of men, but rather invite all to "come to meeting." It is true that many men fail with poultry. It is also true that men fail in every avocation of life. It is true also that some men, well informed and well meaning men cannot feed a bunch of cattle, a flock of sheep, a herd of hogs, or a pair of horses and get profitable returns from them. And why not? First, because, they do not know the right kind of an animal when they see it. Second, because they do not know the nature and requirements of the stock they handle, and the natural conditions necessary to success. Third, because they are too much engrossed in other business, or too lazy, or indifferent to give their flocks and herds that personal and constant care and oversight so very important at all times. "The eye of the master fatteneth the ox." Who has failed to see this individuality in every avocation of life. Many farms have been sold as unprofitable to be bought by practical farmers, and, in a few years be mentioned as model farms. One man will tell you "there is no money in hogs," and his neighbor will say: "good hogs are the farmers' mortgage lifter." Another will tell you very emphatically "there is no money in sheep," and the "next man will speak of "the sheep with the golden hoof." Some years ago I was traveling through the famous blue grass region of Kentucky, and in conversation with a stockman I inquired as to the profit in mules. Here is what he said: "No man can make money raising mules, but good thoroughbred horses pay well." I repeated my question to another man and received this reply: "If you want to make sure, easy money, raise nothing but mules. Every time the mule sings you can hear the gold jingle in your pocket." So it goes through the entire list of occupations of man. The entire coast of human endeavor is strewn with wrecks of fortunes, of efforts, of lives of men who failed because they never knew and applied sound business principles to the work in hand.

Everywhere men can be found who have paid fabulous prices for horses, cattle, sheep, swine and poultry, who had not practical knowledge of their breeding, care or requirements. The mariner who is ignorant of longitude and latitude, the ship's compass and construction will fail to make port in clear weather. So the man who is ignorant of the standard requirements of the various breeds of fowls, their care and mating will fail. Numerous instances can be cited where men have paid fancy prices for fowls, erected costly houses for them and failed for lack of knowledge. Very many instances on the other hand, show how men have started poultry keeping in a small way and grown into a knowledge of the business from year to ear, and have made a success of the business. Not millions, but an honest living, good home

and a competence as viewed from the standpoint of the-large class of American citizens, the working men who are really the bone and sinew and brains of our great Republic. I am not writing these notes for the few men engaged in breeding fancy poultry, but for farmers and farmers' wives, who keep a flock of hens to help them buy bread, pay expenses, buy necessaries, and comforts, and I feel sure that a very large majority of these good people will say there is a fair profit in a good flock of good poultry and when we examine the statistics and find that the product of the neglected hen brings more cash to the farmer every year than the wheat crop, or -the corn crop, or the cotton crop, or the dairy, or beef industry combined, we must conclude that these people consider it profitable. The very fact that it is a small business appeals to the thousands of moderate means. The man on a city lot, a small farm, with a few dollars can have a good flock of hens and derive both pleasure -and profit from them; whilst it would be beyond his means to have a fine herd of Shorthorns or Dorsets. The real saviour of men is he who helps the weak, the fallen, not he who passes them by as unworthy of notice or help. July is a trying month for the poultry man. The heat of summer is upon us. Vermin of every kind and character increases rapidly. Vegetation is well advanced, hens that have been well fed and forced are thin in flesh and > weak, young stock is growing and must have good care and feed, and it is only by diligence that we can make expenses this month and next; but with care and forethought we can keep the hens free from lice, the houses free from mites, and by judicious feeding we can keep the egg yield from going below the profit mark. Now is a good time to sell every bird not needed, or that has passed the profitable age. I find that it pays me well to keep good leghorn hens until three years old. If we feed well now, make thm fat if you can, they will moult early and quickly, and will lay good, hatchable eggs by November. If we neglect them now> many will die, and those that pull through will not be profitable. Pullets and cockerels should be separated if possible, and pushed along to maturity. Select the best for your pens, or yards, and sell those not needed. Some men claim they can select the best layers merely by sight. I confess I cannot. I do select the most active, the best colored, the brightest combs, eyes and ear-lobes, and those with a clearly defined wedge-shape of body. I market the dull, stupid, lazy, blocky type of both pullets and cockerels. The hen or pullet that is first off the perch, first in the feed box, first in the garden is usually first in the nest. The cockerel that crows first, that fights hardest, and that hustles all day for his mates is the bird for me. The hen that scratches and sings and cackels from dawn till dusk is the hen that advertises and does business. Give me a pen of this kind of females, with a cock bird that crows early, crows often, long and loud, that will fight everything, anything; that has a full breast, a bright comb, bright eyes and a general business makeup, and I will insure eggs that Willi be fertile and chicks that will kick

THE SOUTHE Els T PLANTER.

[July,

the shells off them and look for angle worms before the down on their backs is dry.

CAL. HUSSELMAN.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER POULTRY CLUB.

Editor Southern Planter:

The plan for co-operative selling which I have outlined in recent issues of The Planter seems destined to take definite shape and be in actual operation before this article is in the hands of your readers. A distinctive shipping tag—larger than the ordinary one and different in color, could not be had nearer than New York City, and at this moment we are waiting on the printer.

These shipping tags have the conditions of shipment on one side, which each user is to sign as a pledge to their observance in the particular shipment bearing the label. The tags will cost the shippers a few cents, each, probably not over five cents, and one will be needed on each coop. That is to say, the buyers will have no right to assume that the tags apply to any coops to which they are not attached. There will be no other dues or membership fees. Those who have already written me on the subject will receive personal letters as soon as possible after the tags arrive, and any others wishing to ship full grain fed stock with us are invited to apply at once. The first order is for 1,000 tags, which means that we are ready to do business to the extent of l.O'OO coops of fowls, and this represents the faith of the oldest commission merchant in Washington in this movement. As to Pip and Other Ailments.

Perhaps some of your readers will have experiences to relate in reply to Mr. Williamson's article on page 538 of your last issue. Personally I have always thought that "pip" belonged in the same class with "hollow horn,, which some men "cure" by splitting open and rubbing salt in the cow's tail.

I have occasionally seen a dry and feverish tongue, but I think it is a result and not a cause. This seems a natural result of a generally feverish condition. If I had a case I would like to try Mr. Williamson's cure, omitting the surgery. I wish the next time he has a case he would give the lard and pepper, to clear out and stimulate the digestive tract, and leave the fowl to soften its own tongue with pure water, and report results. I can hardly understand how "pip" can be caused by "damp quarters," or "too much grain." It seems to me that these could hardly produce a common result. It sounds like saying that a man may catch cold by being out in the rain or by eating a cracker!

Bowel Trouble.

A reader writes in distress for a cure for diarrhoea in little chicks. I wish I knew, but I dont care to learn by experience. I believe there is a contagious, or infectious form of this disease, called "white diarrhoea," which one of the experiment stations is studying. My experience is that when we feed our chicks nothing but road sand until they are forty-eight hours old, and follow this with dry foods, giving no corn meal dough until they are two weeks old or more, (in practice I feed none), the trouble is reduced to a minimum.

Lice.

Too many precautions cannot be taken to keep down

vermin, yet we find a few simple measures sufficient. Our roosts do not connect with the sides of the house, and we pour a little stream of kerosene along them once or twice a month. The hens have a dust bath under the henhouse which is not an ideal arrangement, and we intend to improve on it in our new houses. I find that for the head lice on little chicks a mixture of hen's oil and kerosene is very effective, and this does not leave the chick in a sticky, uncomfortable condition as an application of lard does. Whenever we kill a big fat hen we "try out" the surplus fat and save some for this purpose. The hen's oil does not solidify, and an addition of one-half coal oil makes a mixture which is almost perfectly liquid. This is an excellent dressing for scaly-leg, also it softens and loosens the scales, and no doubt kills the invisible insect which causes the rough growth. For setting hens we use insect powder puffed through the feathers and under the hen while on the nest. We also put a puff of powder on the head of each chick when we take them from the nest. This is a precaution, and will cause any lice which may be there to drop off. I think one good dusting well brushed into the down, will give chicks immunity for the first week.

The Progress of the Flock.

We are still hatching Barred Plymouth Rocks as fast as a battery of twenty to thirty setting hens can bring them out. We never had eggs hatch better, or a smaller death rate among the chicks. This is contrary to the usual experience when the numbers are largely increased. It has been several years since we hatched over 100 chicks. This season we have about 550 to date (June 8th), none hatched earlier than April 18th.

On May 25th I set 108 eggs. Tested out ten infertile and one dead germ, hens broke four, leaving ninety-three eggs from which we took off eighty-three good chicks. Few incubators do as well as this, and as soon as these chicks are weaned we will sell our incubators for all they cost or more. We have bought more than forty sitters up to date, having twenty-five at work now, and have had only four which failed to do business for us after being moved a mile. We have this reduced to such a system that I believe I would as soon care for fifty sitters as for incubators of equal capacity. Little girls under fourteen years old do all the work for the sitters except to test the eggs, give one or two dustings of powder, and take out the newly-hatched chicks, which I attend to twice a day for the last forty-eight hours the hen is on the nest. I have also done the washing of soiled eggs—for hens will break some—but the girls can do this also. We could not trust children of this age to run incubators. Then, too, the hens relieve us of much care after chicks are ten days old.

Prof. Gowell, of the Maine Experiment Station, is dead, and we count ourselves fortunate to have two cockerels of his own personal selection from his stock of 200 fowls. Since we do not know what the future of his plant may be, we are making the most of our start with his birds, and will hatch chicks as long as the eggs hatch well and thrive. We have more out now than I supposed it would be possible to get from so few laying hens, especially as we sold practically all the eggs up to the last week in March, and a good many afterwards.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

623

I announced to your readers that until our flock reached the limit of profit there would be no females for sale. But it looks now as though we will raise more pullets this year than we can well house next winter.

I learned one lesson from Prof. Gowell which was valuable. I sent him an order in December, 1906, for a cockerel. He replied: "None left. If you want one next year, order by September." This I did. Last winter 1 kept over some two dozen fine males for the spring trade. I had just enough to supply all demands at $2 and above, but I do not care to winter a cockerel and sell him for SI. So I repeat the warning of Mr. Gowell. If anybody wants a cockerel let him buy him as a chick. My first chicks (April 18th) are over the one-pound mark at eight weeks, and while they may all be in demand next winter at $1 each I shall only save as many as we need for home use and about twenty or thirty, which will supply the normal demand for birds at $2 and upwards. Chicks always sell at a profit if sold early enough, yet they are not in best demand in "Washington under one and one-half pounds weight.

Vienna, Fairfax Co., Va. W. A. SHERMAN.

Shipping Tag, Southern Table-Poultry Club.

Look for this Label and Get the Best. i

THE SOUTHERN TABLE-POULTRY CLUB

Aims to please the most critical buyers.

See shipping rules on other side.

Please report violations to

W. A. SHERMAN, Secretary, Vienna, Fairfax Co., Va.

THE SOUTHERN TABLE-POULTRY CLUB.

Secy. W. A. Sherman, Vienna, Va.

Shipping Rules:

1. All stock under this label must be fat and in healthy condition.

2. Fowls in each coop must be graded fairly uniform in size.

3. Coops containing Leghorns must contain nothing else.

4. Coops containing black fowls must contain nothing else.

5. Every care must be taken to make each shipment please the buyer.

The above rules have been observed in this shipment. Signed:

Shipper.

THE GAME FOWL.

Editor Southern Planter:

Though suposed to be the first reclaimed, and, of course, the most ancient of all the varieties of domestic fowls, the Games have been remanded to the rear, and their places taken by newly-made-up varieties that flourish for a season. Perhaps this is as it should be, for the Games should not be made to compete with the larger breeds in the supply of the large present-day demands of the country for poultry meat and eggs. The owner would not get the intrinsic value of his birds or eggs, while their choice and excellent qualities are either ignored or unappreciated. But the owner can, and does use them for his own table, where their true qualities are known and duly appreci-

ated. You would hesitate before bestowing your choice orchids or American Beauties where a common field daisy would be equally esteemed.

The tone of a violin in the hands of a master is doubtless the sweetest music known to man. Its mellifluous notes charm and inspire when other instruments would be unnoticed or merely endured. But the violin is associated with revelries and all kinds of frivolity and dissipation, and in the minds of many of the over devout it cannot be used in the choral services of our houses of worship without reviving the revelries. So, in like manner the name "game," as applied to a certain breed of fowls is associated with cock-flghting, cruelty and violations of law; and the innocent birds are condemned, untried and unknown.

That fine automobile of yours may be capable of making a speed of one hundred miles an hour, yet ordinarily you would not care to use more than a tenth part of its force; yet that tremendous reserve can be held in check and made invaluable, as occasions require, or emergencies demand. The immense vitality, agility and courage of the game cock will not spoil by being kept from cruel and unnecessary use; but he will use them effectively in the defense of his premises. He is not often an aggressor, but always the defender. God gave this noble bird courage and strength to protect himself and his family, and he is seldom found wanting.

Of all the breeds the Game fowl is considered the most perfect and beautiful, whether we look to contour or to coloring; the cock carries himself proudly yet gracefully; a bold defiance in his challenge, while every glance, "keen as the eagle's," looks you in your face with fearless bravery; his politeness to females is as marked as were those of Lord Chesterfield to old ladies, and much more unaffected.

It Is allowed by most persons that a high-bred Game cock in full health and vigor is, after all, the beau ideal of a fowl, the true aristocracy of the genus Gallus. It is not wonderful that he should have been a favorite equally with the refined and intellectual Greeks and the hardy and daring Romans.

I have had about fifteen years' experience in the rearing, care and treatment of fowls, and Games especially. I have diligently studied books and read papers, and that is well, as every fancier should do, and I have also made many tests to demonstrate certain problems to my own satisfaction.

Last year I hatched 100 per cent, of all eggs placed with hens for incubation, then successfully raised every chick. There was not found one dead, or even sick, chicken on my yards during the entire year. My birds were on exhibition at three large shows, and every bird was a winner at all of them.

I do not make a business of poultry raising or breeding. To me it is a recreation and a pleasant diversion. But they are not all expense and no profit. My birds furnish my family with fresh eggs the year round, or nearly so, and choice meat for the table whenever wanted, and from the sales I make during the fall and winter months, I receive more than enough to pay all their expenses; so the eggs and meat are the profit, besides the extra pocket change. Ashland, Va. B. J. PLEASANTS.

•624

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[July,

The Horse.

NOTES.

By W. J. Carter (Broad Rock).

Among the trainers of harness horses who have stables bf trotters and pacers at the mile track of the Virginia State Fair Association, near Richmond, are William L. Bass, James Fletcher and T. L. Stackhouse. Bass has ten horses, all trotters, and they are doing well. His stable includes May Tine, bay mare, by Jane Tine, dam Saguache, by Interlochen; Jenny Broaddus, bay filly, 3 by Kelly, 2:27, dam, Florence Miles, 2:211-4, by Prophet Wilkes; brown filly, 3, by Lord Chancellor, dam Louise Branch, dam of Nelly McZeus, 2:26%, by Woodburn Hambletonian; Riley Cox, brown gelding, by Judge Cox; bay colt, 3, by a son of Onward, 2:25 1-4; bay colt, 3, by Anderson, dam Virginia Cooper, by Bourbon Baron, second dam Virginia Maid, dam of Mosul, 2:09 1-4, by Sam Purdy, 2:201-2; Dr. Opera, bay colt, 2, by Doctor Mason, •2:113-4, dam Lady Opera, by Cecilian, 2:191-3; roan filly, 1, by Great Snakes, dam by a son of Hannis, and Clark-son, bay gelding, 7, by The Director General., dam Shropshire Mare, by Dictator.

Fletcher, who hails from New Bedford, Mass, but for a number of years past a resident of Richmond, and connected with the harness horse interests of Virginia, is quartered at the Fair grounds track, with a stable of trotters and pacers. His string includes Billy Gordon, bay gelding, by Woful; Major Bingen, bay colt, 3 by Bingen. dam Peggy Baron, by Aaron Wilkes, 2:18, bay gelding. 4. by Whalebone, son of Abdallah Wilkes; Barnaby, bay gelding, 7. by Baron Heart, a green trotter with 2:15 speed; Buckeye, gray gelding, 3. by Prodigal, dam Musette, dam of Empress, 2:13%; by Monte Christo, and a brown mare trotter by Expedition 2:15%, dam by Aller-ton, 2:09%.

Stackhouse is from Marion, S. C. He shipped from that point to Richmond, some half-dozen head of trotters and pacers, is working them over the mile track at the Fair grounds. He reports that every horse in his stable is doing well. During former years Stackhouse made annual campaigns, and won many races over the half-mile ■tracks of the East with Menlo Princess, Red Bird, Ethey Ray and others, but of late he has done more in the way •of shaping up and fitting harness horses than in training and racing.

Among the horses now in his stable are Robin Bird, bay mare, 6, by Robin, son of Axtell, 2:12, dam by Princess, formerly owned by A. H. Merrill, of Danvers, Ma3S., and credited with lightning speed at the trot; Ray Eg-wood, trotter, chestnut stallion, by Egwood, 2: 18 1-4, dam Ethel Ray, 2:211-4, by Bonnie McGregor and Lucius Todd, the handsome and fast bay pacing stallion, by Actonward, dam Belle C, dam of Kruger, 2:04, by Tennessee Wilkes.

ma Farm, near the city, and then removed to the Fair grounds in the spring, shipped to Baltimore last month At the latter Earing started Zack, Nellie May and one or two others at the Gentlemen's Driving Park meeting. The stable includes Estuary, 2:15 1-4; Zack, 2:151-2; Brooklet Chimes, 2:161-4, pacing; Nellie May, 2:241-4, Meda Director, bay mare, 6, by Point Director, dam Meda, I 2:241-4, by Harold, and Kingston, bay geldiDg, 5, by Clay King, dam by Red Leaf, 2:22 1-2, son of C. F. Clay, 2:18. Meda Director and Kingston are both green trotters, the former has shown nothing on the sensational order in the way of speed, but around 34 seconds are to her liking; then, too, she goes like her dam, Meda, who worked a half for Earing back in the early nineties over a half-mile track, in 1: 02 1-4. The daughter of Point Director is a handsome bay mare, with much finish. Kingston, who is a Kentucky product and shipped here from the Blue Grass this spring, is a big bay gelding, with a nice way of going. He is charged up with a trial right close to 2:20, and quarters in 321-2 seconds. From Baltimore Earing shipped to Wilkes-Barre, Pa., while later he may follow the line of the Maryland and Virginia circuit.

The Petersburg Horse Show Association, though a creation of recent years, has rapidly forged to the front and is now one of the most prominent organizations of the sort in Virginia. With headquarters at the beautiful grounds of the Riverside Country Club, in Dinwiddie county, near Petersburg, horse show features are combined with race meetings, which furnish both interesting and exhilirating sport. Weekly meetings are now being held, and the prizes offered for harness races are contested for by speedy trotters and pacers, while the field of runners is made up of well known runners and jumpers like Christine, Black Socks, Safe Conveyance. King Dodo and others.

Active preparations are being made for the annual show of the association on September 11th and 12th, which is expected to be the largest and most important, affair of the sort ever held in that vicinity. Substantial men, those prominent in business and social circles, make up the roster of the Petersburg Horse Show Association. The officers are: President, W. Gordon McCabe; First Vice-President, Dr. H. G. Leigh; Second Vice-President, Hon. Alexander Hamilton; Secretary, George W. Harrison; Treasurer, James Mel. Ruffin; Manager, Cary Ruf-fin Randolph.

Samuel E. Earing, who wintered his stable at Montezu-

Royal C. Remick, formerly of Wilmington, N. C, but now residing at his well appointed country home, near Es-mont, in Albemarle county, Va., owns some welPbred horses, both thoroughbreds and trotters, among the latter being the handsome chestnut mare, Princess of Engle-wood, by Aebineer, 30932, son of Virginia Chief, by Kentucky Prince. This mare was bred by the late William N. Wilmer, the New York lawyer, from whose estate she passed to Mr. Remick.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

625

PROF. MASSEY ON THE FARM HORSE.

Editor Southern Planter:

It seems that Prof. Massey's article in The Planter proves the fact that no man is master of all subjects. Practical breeders and farmers, even in the South, have long since learned that the "general purpose horse" is like the "Jack-of-all-trades," he has no place in this day and generation, except in a few instances, where an "old fogy," or "moss back," woud rather have things just as his ancestors had them generations ago.

Prof. Massey should be practical enough to know that the farmer who to-day breeds and rears a good big Per-cheron gelding can, if he chooses to do so, sell him for almost enough to buy two of the little "plugs" that some persons designate as "general purpose horses" and good farm animals. When he (Prof. Massey) tells us that the kicking mule he once owned was out of a grade Per-cheron mare, giving the impression that his Percheron blood made him a kicker the only way Prof. Massey can make a person acquainted with the Percheron character think the Percheron blood had any connection with the "kicking" would be, because such person believed that the eternal disgrace of having his Percheron dam bred to a jackass was the cause. There are sufficient misfits bred by men trying to raise a good drafter, or speed horse, &c, to fill and more than fill the demand for the general utility horse. As to the absurd, old-time, and worn-out statement, that the big ones cannot successfully handle farm machinery, &c, it is hardly worthy of notice, but if any "doubting Thomas" will pay a visit to Rockingham, the wealthiest county, agriculturally, in this State, I will be glad to show him teams cultivating corn hauling on the roads, and in season, drawing 12-spouted drills, 7-foot cut binders, and plowing clay and limestone and slate lands eight and nine inches deep, and actually doing much more work than any ordinary weight horses could possibly do; some of these horses at work in Rockingham weigh a ton, and the greatest draft horse market. in Virginia is in Harrisonburg, Rockingham county.

The farmers of this county have been breeding to purebred Percheron stallions for over thirty years, and to-day no less than twenty-five pure-bred draft stallions: are standing for public service at from $12.50 to $20. And every year for the past eight or nine years draft stallions have been brought here and sold at from $1,500 to $3,000 each. As Mr. Hunter has also seen fit to give his views on this same subject, I will refer him to an article in same issue of The Planter by Mr. A. B. Hancock, whose father is the most successful breeder of thoroughbreds (race-horses) in Virginia. In this article, Mr. Hancock does not pretend to say or think that the thoroughbred is a good farm horse, or superior in this line. If Prof. Massey and Mr. Hunter and any of your readers who may have the same views on the "farm horse," will think a second, they will see that a pair of little misfit hunters, trotters, or runners will not bring the price of a weanling pure-bred draft colt. Pure-bred colts of the Percheron breed have brought $400 and $450 as weanlings; $950 and $1,400 as two-year-olds, &c. in this county and we only have one town of a population of over 1,000, but we have money made by the farmers ir eight banks in the county, all seeming prosperous; our farmers raise

fine stock as a rule; and all patronize pure-bred sires, and most of them breed big draft horses. Prof. Massey don't intimate that a kicking mule gets its kicking proclivities from a P'ercheron dam, or you will make a confirmed kicker of me. r

JOHN F. LEWIS. Rockingham Co., Va.

A CORRECTION.

Editor Southern Planter:

I notice in a communication from Dr. Quick, the following sentence: "Mr. Lewis, of Lynnwood, Va., owned 1 the first Percheron horse kept in Rockingham county,. Va." This is misleading and not what I stated to Dr, Quick, although I have no doubt he was under the impression that I used the language quoted. Notice what I did say, which was this: "I was the first man in the-county to own a Percheron mare, or stallion, and the first one to get $15 service fee for a draft stallion." Twenty years previous to my purchasing a Percheron, several' farmers leased and stood several of the late S. W, Fick-len's stallions in this county.

JOHN F. LEWIS.

Rockingham Co., Va.

THE TYPE OF HORSE WHICH THE FARMER SHOULD* BREED.

Taken up one side and down the other the draft horse industry could not well be in a much more flourishing, condition. The local farmer always makes the keenest bidder for any community. He can afford to pay more on the spot, for he has no further expense before putting his purchases into active use. Farmers in all the corn belt States are recognizing that it pays to work heavier horses and heavier machinery. Help, or at least the sort of help it pays to hire nowadays, does not promise to-get much more plentiful. The solution of the farm labor problem lies in the utilization of heavier machinery and' larger draft horses. An instance,was recorded not long' ago in these columns by this writer of a farmer in the Elgin dairy region having sent to Iowa and purchased' four Percheron geldings at a cost of $1,000 to work on> his farm. There are plenty of just as progressive farmers, and they are becoming more plentiful year by year. There is just as much need for the real drafter on the soil of the corn belt as there is in the city, and maybe a little more. From reports we have published it is plain that this demand—from the farm—will have to be reckoned with more and more as the years roll by.

Looking at it in a common sense light, then there is no refuting the statement that the farmer can hardiy afford to breed anything else but the draft horse providing he intends to work his land with the greatest profit, considering all the factors at present existing. He nt^eds the weight in the collar even more badly than, or at least quite as badly as, the city team user, and this need will press more forcibly upon him in time to come. With this sort of a market before him and with the added knowledge that for his best specimens fancy prices will always be forthcoming, the ccrnbelt farmer who does-

THE SOUTHE ~RN PLANTEE.

[July,

not devote his attention to the production of heavy horsos is losing a great opportunity.—Breeders' Gazette.

THE FARMER'S HORSE.

Editor Southern Planter:

Noting the discussion of the need of better farm Horses in Virginia, I would like to give my impressions on same.

I am very much of the same opinion as "N.," in the matter, but am a strong advocate of the Suffolk Punch, having been in a position to observe this breed for many years.

Mr. Massey does not make a fair comparison (in the March issue) in the matter of the two types operating a binder in adjoining fields, as no doubt both binders were the same size. Give each a machine to suit their capacity, and there would be a different story. It wouM run about thus: A four and one-half-foot cut for the thoroughbreds and a seven-foot-cut for the heavy type. Again, I do not say that the Percheron is the type to use as they have been pampered for generations, and I have found them often unable to stand heat while working hard. Eut lake the Suffolk Punch, which is a farmer's horse, made by farmers, and used by farmers for generations, with ordinary care, and you will find therein a horse that will work anywhere and at anything. I have seen one of these horses handle three tons, eleven and one-quarter hundredweight, including a two-wheeled cart, and I have seen three horses of the same type handle twelve tons, four hundredweight, including a four-wheeled wagon, or English lurry, as it is called. I have seen three of them cut nineteen acres of grain in one day with a McCormick binder, and inside of eleven hours. I can take a Gang plow and three of these horses, and plow four acres in ten hours, and with one horse I can operate any two-row cultivator on the market. Where the land will allow it to be practicable, I can operate a three-furrow Gang and one section thirty-tooth harrow with four of them. There is nothing in the above that I have not done, or that I am not willing to demonstrate at any time.

Now, when it comes to hauling loads we must remember that most all farmers have considerable produce to haul to the railroad, and my experience has been that with the above type—46 2-bushel sacks of various^ kinds of grain, and thirty sacks for the thoroughbreds makes a load. When hauling in conjunction with other teams we must not forget that each one only takes its turn or else you will hear some hard kicking on the part of the drivers.

I am a new-comer to Virginia from the far West, and speak from experience, but will say in conclusion, that if you want light horses for intelligence and light work, I would say take the Morgan, but if you want to get endurance with light work and little care, fall back on the selected American mustang, and you will not be disappointed. But for the farmer nothing equals the Suffolk Punch, and in Virginia I would say give the horses more training and less breaking.

M.

Caroline Co., Va.

In the issue of April, on page 340, we added a note to an article "on "The Farm Horse," drawing attention to

the Suffolk Punch, as in our opinion, the most desirable type of farm horse. We are glad to have this opinion confirmed from personal experience with these horses.— Ed.

TOBACCO FOR HORSES.

Editor Southern Planter:

In the June Planter Mr. Massey suggests "horses chewing tobacco for bots." There is "many a true word spoken in jest." On advice of a neighbor, I have this spring been feeding finely crumbled tobacco mixed with corn-meal to a mare for pin-worms. I began with a small proportion of tobacco, increasing gradually, until about one-fourth was fed. I had been seeing the worms in her evacuations, and her condition was poor. Very soon when she evacuated the worms literally rolled out, gradually diminishing in number, however, until at the close of two weeks no worms were to be seen nor have been since. Her condition has improved decidedly. She did not seem to mind eating the tobacco.

J. BRAD. BEVERLEY.

Fauquier Co., Va.

PORK VS. BACON.

Editor Southern Planter:

In November I was offered 8%c per pound for my pork, but as the hogs were not as fat as I wanted them and thinking that by December I would get 9c per pound, I did not kill. When I did kill in December I was only offered 6%c. per pound. I would not take that so I decided to cure into bacon. Herewith I give a true statement of what I actually realized, putting the pork on an 8c. basis: 1907 Dec. 11. To 20 hogs, 3,275 lbs. @ 8c... $262 00

Dec. 12. To cutting, salting and salt 3 50

Dec. 13. To making sausage, lard and

wurst 3 25

Dec. 13. To pepper, 40; sage, 25; salt

peter, 20 85

Dec. 13. To sugar, 25; onions for

wurst, 20 45

Dec. 13. To borax, 60; hanging, 50. .. 1 10 By 290 lbs. back bone and ribs @ 9c $ 26 10

By 310 lbs. Sausage at 10'c 31 00

By 150 lbs. waist at 7c 10 50

By 360 lbs. lard at 12c 43 20

By brains 50

By feet, ears and snouts 1 50

By cracklings 1 00

By 1,225 lbs. sides and shoulders

@ 12c 147 00

By 467 hams at 17c 79 39

To delivery 5 00

To net profit 64 04

$340 19 340 19 S. PORTER.

Bath Co., Va.

THE SOUTHE RN PLANTER.

627

THE VIRGINIA STATE FARMERS'

INSTITUTE.

The arrangements for the holding of the next annual meeting of this Institute in the city of Richfond on the fourth, fifth and sixth days of August next, are rapidly being completed, and the programme of the speakers and other attractions will be in the printer's hands in a day or two, and will be mailed to 10,000 farmers all over the State as soon as possible. The list of speakers secured is a strong one, and the subjects to be discussed practically cover almost all the topics now interesting our people. The Governor of the State has promised to deliver the address of welcome. Dr. Barringer, the president of the State Agricultural College, will speak on "The Plant and the Soil." Commissioner Koiner and Mr. James Bellwood, on "The Immigration and Labor Quesiton." Hon. J. D. Eggleston, Superintendent of Public Instruction, Dr. Gra-vatt and Prof. T. G. Wood, on "The Educational Question as It Affects Farmers." Capt. St. J. Wilson, the Commissioner of Highways, and the Hon. F. R. Lassiter will deal with the highway problem. Dr. S. W. Fletcher, the director of the State Experiment Station, will deliver two addresses with stereoptican illustrations on "Farm Home Improvement and Farm Orchard Management." Hon. S. B. Woods will speak on "The Farmer's Orchard. Hon. A. J. McMath, the secretary of the Eastern Shore Produce Association, will speak on "Farmers' Business Organizations." Dr. W. C. Stubbs, of Gloucester county, Va., formerly director of the Louisiana Experiment Station for many years, will deal with the subject of the "Improvement and Management of Eastern Virginia Lands. Dr. S. A. Knapp will speak on "Farm Demonstration Work in the South. Prof. T. C. Johnson, of the Norfolk Truck Experiment Station, will discuss "Truck Crop Production in Eastern Virginia. Prof. Matthewson will handle "Tobacco Production. Mr. H. W. Wood will speak on "Farm Seed Production in Virginia." Prof. Davidson and Dr. Magruder will speak on "The Ferilizer Problem." Mr. Willis Wing and Prof N. Schmitz will discuss "Alfalfa Growing in the State." Mr. T. O. Sandy, the president of the Institute, will speak on "Grass Growing." Prof. Soule, formerly of the State Experiment Station, and now president of the Georgia Agricultural College, will speak on "Corn Production." Prof. Saunders, the Dairy Commissioner of the State, Mr. J. A.. Turner, of Hollins, and Mr. Westmoreland Davis will take up the subject of "Dairying in Virginia. Dr. Quick, of the Experiment Sta tion, will deal with the subject of "Live-Stock as a Factor in Advancing the Agricultural Interests of the State. Hon J. H. C. Beverley will speak on" Beef Production in Eastern Virginia." Dr. T. M. Owen and Dr. Ferneyhough will discuss the "Cattle Tick" question. Prof. Carrier will speak on "The Silo and Silage." Mr. Leslie D. Kline will take up the subject of "Hog Husbandry in the State." Mr. Westmoreland Davis will speak on "Draft Horse

Breeding," and Mr. Samuel Hairston and Dr. Ferneyhough on "Light Horse Breeding in the State." The subject of "Sheep Husbandry" will be dealt with by Mr. Arbuckle and Mr. Wing; and the "Poultry Industry" will be discussed by Mr. Cal. Husselman. Hon. J. B. Watkins 'will speak on "Crimson Clover," and Mr. Grizzard on "Peanut Growing." A number of other gentlemen h&ve promised to take part in the discussion of these several topics, and it is to be hoped that a large number of those attending will come prepared to join in the discussions, for after all this is the best way in which to make the Institute both instructive and popular.

Through the generosity and kindness of C. H. S'enff, Esq., and the business organizations of the city of Richmond, represented by the Chamber of Commerce the last day of the meeting will be devoted to a trip down the James River to see the fine old colonial dwellings in that, section and especially to visit Mr. Senff's magnificent plantation at Curls Neck, where 300 acres of alfalfa can be seen growing and producing heavy crons and other fine object lessons in successful farming can be inspected. The members and their wives will be supplied with transportation and refreshments on this trip and it promises to be a most enjoyable feature of the meeting. As it is important that adequate accommodation bo provided for all members who desire to make the trip down the river it is respectfully asked that those intending to go will send in their names and the membership fee of $1 to Mr. J. Lucian Moomaw, the secretary-treasurer, Cloverdale, Va. by the 25th of July. Full information as to railroad fares and hotel rates will be given in the program. These will be as reasonable as possible to arrange and certainly not more than have prevailed elsewhere. The people of the city of Richmond are determined that members of the Institute attending here shall have a royal good time and know that the city appreciates their presence.

GROUND LIMESTONE.

Editor Southern Planter:

"Ground limestone can be obtained in bulk from the Southern Illinois State Penitentiary at sixty cents per ton on board cars," says' Prof. Hopkins, of the University of Illinois, in a recent issue of The Breeders' Gazette.

If our competitors in Illinois can get lime at sixty cents why should we pay from $3 to $5? Virginia has an abundance of lime in,the western counties, and the eastern phd central counties need a lot of lime, especially for,, clover and alfalfa. The expense of constructing a mill at each of the two principal railroads running east and west could not be very large, and if the State can spare some of the prisoners to run the plants we should be able to get lime as cheap as the farmers in Illinois. N.

C2S

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

Tobacco Plot, Appomattox Test Farm. Yield, 1650 lbs. per acre; value. $154.37; Fertilizer cost $32 per acre.

CO-OPERATIVE TOBACCO EXPERIMENT STATION, APPOMATTOX, VA.

The tobacco growers of the State are at last coming to their own in the way of having scientific experiments in tobacco culture conducted in their behalf. There are at present five co-operative stations, operated by the Bureau of Plant Industy of the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture and the Virginia Experiment Stations, co-operatively located at Appomattox, Chatham, Rustburg, Louisa and Bowling Green. The Chatham station is experimenting with bright tobacco while those at Louisa and Bowling Green have tackled the sun cured proposition, leaving Appomattox and Rustburg to handle the dark tobacco. These stations are under the immediate supervision of Prof. E. H. Mathew-son, Crop Technologist, Bureau of Plant Industry, while each station has its Superintendent representing the Virginia Experiment Station.

Through the courtesy of Prof. Mathewson and Supt. B. G. Anderson, we had the pleasure of inspecting the wort done at Appomattox. This station was originally started four years ago by the U. S. Department of Agriculture and the Virginia Experiment Station joined in the work two years later. It has, therefore had time to work out a few experiments which are of the greatest value to the tobacco growers in that section. These experiments are given iD Bulletin 175 of the Virginia Experiment Station at Blacks-burg and all tobacco farmers should send for it of they have not already done so. The substance of this Bulle tin has already been published in the spring issues of The Planter with our comments thereon.

While the original intent of these sub-stations was to experiment with the various types of tobacco, with various grades, combinations and quantities of fertilizers in small plots, it has been deemed expedient to inaugurate a series of crop rotations on demonstration plots of an acr each, in order that it may be seen just how profitably other crops can be grown in the rotation with tobacco. To this end, Professor Mathewson has laid out on four different farms at Appomattox, an elaborate series of experiments in a five year crop rotation which includes tobacco, wheat, grass, corn (in which German clover will be sowed) and cow peas. It is expected that this series of experiments will show more decided results than those published in Bulletin 175 inasmuch as they are undertaken on a more extensive scale. One half of each plot will be limed and fertilized for tobacco. 0*n thp succeeding crops there will be no fertilizer used so the after or residual effect of this fertilization for tobacco can be seen on them. The wheat this year gives a striking illustration of this.

In 1906, after the wheat was harvested, the land was put in condition with a disc harrow and a heavy seeding of grass was sowed on September 3rd. No fertilizer of any kind excepting lime was used. An excellent stand was secured and in April, 1907, a top dressing of nitrate of soda at the rate of 300 pounds to the acre was given, with magical effect. The yield was 5.06 tons per acre of absolutely clean hay. It will, therefore, be seen that the enormous yield of hay is all out of proportion to the cost of the nitrate which was used. There are other fields of

' THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

G29

grass now two years old which will cut a marvelous amount of hay, having been top dressed this spring with nitrate of soda. This experiment alone should be worth thousands of dollars to farmers in this county and section as it demonstrates beyond all doubt that they can grow grass in large and profitable quantities.

One very important point shows plainly in the crop rotation for tobacco and that is that the land is made absolutely clean of all weeds and filth and in addition it has bad the result of ridding the land of the wire worm to a considerable extent.

Previous to these experiments no comprehensive fertilizer experiments have ever been made on this type of tobacco. These alone should be of the greatest value to tobacco farmers. Now that a regular system of crop ro-

tation has been started the result should be of untold value to all farmers as these sub-stations, scattered throughout the State, will undoubtedly be able to accomplish the work that neither Blacksburg nor the department at Washington has ever been able to do. Farmers should visit these several stations and see for themselves what has been and is being done and they cannot help but profit by what they see. They will find Professor Mathewson very enthusiastic and all of his sub-station superintendents are obliging and will take the greatest pleasure in explaining fully all matters pertaining to the experiments. We are under many obligations to Professor Mathewson and Mr. Anderson for this very courtesy.

SHEPHERD.

Timothy, Herds Grass, Clover mixture, following 29 bu. wheat crop, same pi ot as preceding view, no additional fertilizer used on these two succeeding crops

RURAL LIFE WEEK AT THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA SUMMER SCHOOL, JUNE 18 TO JULY 31.

An unique feature of the University of Virginia Summer School which has been introduced at considerable expense will be the devotion of one week beginning July 13th, to the study of rural problems in Virginia. The study and discussion upon this topic will be made not only by members of the University of Virginia Summer School faculty who know the conditions in Virginia, but by a great many other leading citizens from the State, notably Mr. T. O. Sandy, of Burkville, who has done so much to res-

cue the worn-out farms in his section of the State; Dr. 3. C. Mitchell and many other such leaders.

What is being done for the improvement of rural life elsewhere will be discussed by Dr. S. A. Knapp of the U. S. Department of Agriculture, who has spent a great many years of his life in the southern states studying the problems of agriculture.

Deputy State Superintendent of Public Instruction, E. C. Bishop, of Lincoln, Nebraska, who has a national reputation in interesting boys and girls in rural sections of his state in the problems of improving their surroundings, will be present throughout the entire week, He will t9,\te.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

up such topics as Beautifying the Home, Keeping Boys and Girls Interested in Farming, Boys and Girls Clubs, etc.

Dr. K. C. Davis, the Dean of the College of Agriculture of the State of New York will discuss How Schools May Help the Farmers; Schools of Agriculture and Rural Life; Farmers' Reading Courses; Farm Help Problems; etc.

Miss Edith Charlton, who has charge iof the Domestic Science Extension Department of the Iowa College of Agriculture, will discuss Sanitation in our Homes; Household Economy; Cooking and Sewing; Manual Training Without Funds and Equipment; etc.

Superintendent O. J. Kern of Winnebago County, Illinois, who is well known in Virginia for his helpful book, "Among Country Schools," and who is said to have solved as successfully as anyone else the school probems of the average country superintenoent in a rural section of the county, will discuss the work of a County Superintendent of Schools and of Citizens' Educational Associations in improving rural life, in making it more attractive, anl in redirecting the public attention towards the necessity and the value of rural improvement.

Altogether, such a company of practical men and women who have a message and know how to deliver it with reference to those puzzling problems connected with our reawakened industrial interests have not heretofore assembled in Virginia. Any man or woman who is interested in country life or who cares for the progress of the 85 per cent, of the people who live without the incorporated communities of our state and who are there making thier living and live their lives somewhat in isolation from the more thickly populated portions, will greatly appreciate this conference.

The public is cordially invited. No fees will be charged for the lectures on this subject during this week. The Jefferson Park Hotel has agreed to entertain visitors at a rate of $1.00 a day for room and board. This hotel affords very splendid accommodations and by the street-car line, but five minutes' ride from the University.

It is to be hoped that practical farmers who wish to study in a somewhat broader way the problems of the rural community; that County Superintendents of Schools who wish to direct the energy of the educational systems over which they have control towards the same ends; that members of the educational associations; members of School Boards who wish to lend the services of the public to the improvement of rural life, will take advantage of this conference.

Persons wishing to attend the conference should address Prof. Bruce R. Payne, Director of the Summer School, Charlottesville, Va., who will be glad to make arrangements for them.

COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA.

Dairy and Food Division, W. D. Saunders, Commissioner. Benj. L. Purcell, Deputy.

Richmond, Va., June, 19J! Two acts were passed by the Legislature of 1908; the one an act entitled

"An act to prevent the manufacture or sale of adulterated, mis-branded, poisonous or deleterious foods or

liquors, and to repeal an act to prevent the sale of adulterated and mis-branded foods in the State of Virginia."

The other:

"An act concerning the appointment of a Dairy and Food Commissioner within the Department of Agriculture and Immigration and imposing penalties for its violation," and are now operative.

These acts are intended to regulate the sale of food products for man and beast, and have for their purpose the protection of the consumer from adulterated, mis-branded, impure and unwholesome foods, and the guarding against imposition by the unscrupulous manufacturer or dealer in the sale of feeding stuffs for cattle, and to give to the consuming public the assurance that it is receiving that for which it pays.

Provision is also made for the inspection of dairies. bakeries and ice cream establishments, the purpose being to protect consumers from unsanitary conditions which might exist about such places.

The execution of these laws has been placed with the Dairy and Food Commissioner, whose office is in Richmond, Va., in the State Capitol building.

The law provides for the payment of a tax or license fee by the manufacturer or dealer offering for sale in the State feeding stuffs, condimental foods and cattle powders for cattle, and a license fee for creameries, dairies, milk stations, etc., doing business in the State, and provides penalties for failure to comply with its provisions, it is, therefore, suggested that all dealers and manufacturers of food products and cattle feeds, condimental feeds and cattle powers, and proprietors of dairies, etc.. acqquaint themselves with the provisions of these statutes, copies of which can be had from the office of the State Dairy and Food Commissioner, Richmond, Va.

W. D. SAUNDERS, Commissioner. BENJ. L. PURCELL, Deputy Com'r.

HERNDON POULTRY SHOW.

The Herndon (Va.) Poultry Association will hold its next annual show January 13. 14, 15, 1909, with W. Theo. Whittman as judge.

The Association keeps up interest throughout the year by holding monthly meetings for discussions, experiences, etc.

It has a large, well lighted hall, owns a uniform lot of coops and is in good financial condition.

Its officers are: President, H. A. Sager; Vice-Presidents, William McNair and John E. Morris; Treasurer, J. L. Moffett; Secretary, A. H. Kirk; Superintendent Poultry, C. M. Walkerr Superintendent Pet Stock, W. H. Mayer; Directors: C. M. Walker, M. F. Hutchison, A. S. Harrison, J. E. Wilkins and A. H. Buell.

In addition to a good list of specials, ribbons and cash will be paid to the winners of first, second and third prizes. Write for Catalogue November 1st.

A. H. KIRK,

Herndon, Va.

Secretary.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

631

THE

PUBLISHED BT

TIE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHIN6 CO.,

RICHMOND, VA.

M8UXD ON 1ST OF BACH MONTH.

J. F. JACKSON, Editor.

B. MORGAN SHEPHERD, Business Manager.

B. W. RHOADS,

Western Representative, 844 Tribune

Building, Chicago, 111.

MANCHESTER OFFICE: "W. J. Carter, 1102 Hull Street.

ADVERTISING RATES Will be furnished on application.

The SOUTHERN PLANTER 1b mailed to Bubscribers in the United States, Mexico and island possessions at 50 cents per annum; all foreign countries, 81; the city of Richmond and Canada, ?S cents.

REMITTANCES should be made direct to this office, either by Registered Letter or Money Order, which Will be at our risk. When made otherwise we cannot be responsible.

SUBSCRIBERS falling to receive their paper promptly and regularly will confer a favor by reporting the fact at once.

WE INVITE FARMERS to write us en any agricultural topic. We are always pleased to receive practical articles. Rejected matter will be returned on receipt of postage.

No anonymous commmunications er enquiries will receive attention. Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, RICHMOND, VA

ENTERED AT THE POST-OFFICE AT RICHMOND, VA, AS SECOND-CLASS MAIL MATTER.

ROUGHEST WEATHER GUARANTEED ABSOLUTELY

\\WATERPR00F

POMMEL • x SLICKERS

$350

This trade mark and the word

Tower on the

buttons distinguish this high grade slicker from (the just as good brands

PUBLISHERS' NOTES.

TO ADVERTISERS.

Please bear In mind that we must have all copy or Instructions for advertisements by the 25th of each month without fall. Every month we are compelled to omit advertising in large volumes for the simple reason that copy does not reach us In time.

A NEAT BINDER.

If you will send 30 cents to our business office, we will send you a neat binder made of substantial Bristol Board, In which you can preserve an entire volume of the Southern Planter. Many of our readers find these a useful device, as they always save their copies for reference.

WITH THE ADVERTISERS.

The Union Fire Arms Co. has an advertisement on another page to which attention is invited.

The Blackstone School for Girls, of which the Rev. James Cannon is presi-ident, has a prominent announcement on another page to which attention is invited.

The Collins Plow Co. starts the season's advertising this month. Look up their ad.

The Medical College cf Virginia has its usual announcement in another column. Send for catalogue.

Terms for the next session at the V. P. I. are announced in another column by Dr. Barringer, the president.

George C. Burgess is advertising Heeber Threshers, for which be is the Southern agent, on another page.

H. L. Wardwell, the noted Shropshire breeder, is offering some splendid stock this month.

Casselman & Co., real estate agents, have a prominent announcement on another page.

Among the new advertisers this month is the Virginia Metal Culvert Co. Its offering includes a very superior metal tank.

Suffolk sheep can be had of K. E. Harman. Look up his ad.

P. B. Buell & Son are liberal users of space this mouth in offering great opportunities in northern Virginia farms.

Vulcanite Asphalt Roofing is advertised by the Watkins-Cottrell Co.

Hereford bulls sired by the great "Acrobat" are offered by Graham F. Blandy, Esq., of the Tuleyries Farm.

Note the change in the advertisement of the Biltmore farms.

Wood's Seeds

Plant Late Seed Potatoes

in June, or early in July, to make large-yielding crops for late fall and winter use.

Wood's Late Seed Potatoes are not to be compared to ordinary stocks. They are grown for seed, and placed in cold storage early in

j the season, so as to keep them in I first-class, vigorous condition for late planting. Crop results to our customers for several seasons past have been very satisfactory, and our trade has experienced a considerable 5 increase each successive year.

Write for "Wood's Crop Special" giving prices of Late Seed Potatoes, Millets, Sorghums, Crimson

\ Clover and other Seasonahl e Seed3. Mailed free on request.

(Patented October 15, 1»0«.) Solves the problem of curing: pen vines, alfalfa er other hay almost regardless of weather conditions, aa the racks give Interior ventilation and keep hay from touching ground, thereby causing It to cure out nicely when other method* fall. One handling completes the work and the hay la safe. For prices and circular giving full particulars, address

H. E. BELL, Burkevllle, Va. Agents 'Wanted In Every County.

Of. G. G. BOWIE

Physician, Surgeon and Office

Consultant.

No. 401 East Franklin Street, Richmond, Va.

Hours: 9-12 A. M., 1-4 P. M. Evenings and Sundays by appointment.

Main and Ninth Streets.

CAPITAL AND PROFITS EARNED, $1,200,000.

Special attention paid to out-of-tewn accounts. Correspondence lmTlteC 'J, Three per cent. Interest allowed In Savings Department,

Compounded Semi-Annually.

THE SOUTHEKtf PLANTEE.

[July,

The Name

J

66

on a Cream Separator

Stands for the Same as "Sterling"

on Silver— THE BEST MADE.

What the Tubular does in the dairy puts it foremost—twice as clean separating as other separators at Fairmount,Minn.; twice as clean at Kendall, Wis.; six to ten times as clean at Scots-burn, N. S.; fifteen times as clean at Gananoque, Ont.

But these competitions were far away from your home? Well, try it out in your own dairy and see whether the Tubular is sterling, whether it will do better for you, with your own cows, than any other process or separator. No cost to you. Just write us you want to know what the Tubular can do for you. Ask first for Catalogue No. 290, it's a good introduction.

THE SHARPLES SEPARATOR COMPANY,

West Chester, Penna.

Toronto. Can. Chicago. 111.

San Francisco, Cal.

lUMPS WATER

P

Day and Night Automatically

Low In first cost, easy to install, no expense _^^to operate, any capacity desired for Country

Homes, Farms, Dairies, Gardens, Irrigation, Town Plants, Railroad Tanks, etc

Rife Hydraulic Rams

Raise water SO feet for every foot of fall. Satisfaction Guaranteed. Over 7,000 in use. If there lsastream, spring or pond within a, mile-Write For Free Plans and Book. Get our Free Trial Offer.

Rife Engine Co.

3118 Trinity Bldg. NEW YORK

Monarch

Hydraulic

Cider Press

Great strength and capacity; all sizes; also gasoline engines, steam engines, sawmills, thresh, ers. Catalog free. Monarch Machinery Co., 610 Cortland! Bldg., New York

Wheels, Freight Paid $8 75

for 4 Hiifc-sy Wheel., Su-el Tlrt>» 011. With Rubber Tire., 1*15.30. I uifg. wheels % 10 4 in. tread. Rubber Tire Top Buiririe.. $41; llnrne...$5. Write for catalog. Learn how to buy direct. Repnlr Whrcla. $6.60. Wagon UmbrellaKREE. W. V l BOOb,<' ln <' ,nnl > t M>.

F. C. Hoenniager & Bro. are advertising a very seasonable ^nd ussful device in the shape of a windrower, attachable to any make of mower.

McComb & Block, live-stock commission merchants, resume their advertising this month.

Shropshire bucks are offered by Rev. S. S. Hepburn.

BEFORE YOU BUY YOUR NEW BUGGY

Write to THE OHIO CARRIAGE MFG. CO., Columbus, Ohio, for their new 1908 182-page Vehicle and Harness Catalogue.

You don't have to buy your buggy from them if you don't want to, and your sending for their catalogue will not obligate you to buy their goods, but if you want to get posted, if you want to find out just how buggies are made, what they are made of and the lowest price at which they can be sold, namely, the wholesale price from manufacturer to you, get this large catalogue and post yourself before you spend your money.

Possibly you have, in the past, been simply picking out the kind of buggy that appealed to you as something pretty and have paid the price asked for it without any quibbling over it—but you certainly have made a mistake in doing this.

This large catalogue will quote you the prices at which buggies should be sold—that is, the rock-bottom, wholesale manufacturer & price to you, without any middleman's profit between—the pricea that will save you from 33 1-3 to 50 per cent.

It can do no harm and will only cost you a penny for a postal or a two-cent stamp to write for thrs catalogue, and if you do not want to buy from this company, after you have received their catalogue, you can place your order anywhere you please, and wherever, in your opinion, you will get the best value for your money, but be fair to yourself and post yourself fully on all prices before you do buy.

Address, THE OHIO CARRIAGE MFG. CO., H. C. PHELPS, Pres., Station 294, Columbus, Ohio.

THE SMITH SHOCK BINDER.

We invite attention to :he advertisement of the Smith Shock Binder elsewhere in this issuo. This shock binder is certainly a very useful de vice, and every farmer tfho is expecting to harvest a large ctop of corn should have several of thorn, r.ot only for the sake of economy In labor and time, but also for the further reason that with it fodder shocks are tied up water and weather tight. It only takes one man to operate it, and with it he can easily do the work of two men without it.

r^ Lei Us Send You ^

Our Book.

about good wheels and good wagons that will b»t« you a lot of work and make you a lot of money—tin

ELECTRIC STEEL WHEELS

and the

ELECTRIC HANDY WAGON,

By every test, they are the best. M ore than one an< a quarter millions S"ld. 3Bfc&auiitt-d to *!*• ''Ub. Can't work loose. A seTflBflfcpJieefcJ wll": make your old wagon new. Latalo"§3k^

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO.. Box 146, TJlrrnty, Ills.

Robertson's

Stanchion

Js used and endorsed by thous an da ; wlllallowthe animal perfect freedom to lie with Its head in or out of the manager. Sold subject to a SO ciays free trial in your own stable. Writ for booklet.

O. H. ROBERTSON, Wo. 18 Camp Street, Forestvtlle, Conn.

Wheel Scrapers

Drag Scrapers

Road Plows

Road Machines

We are General Agents for Smith & Sons Mfg. Co.'s Royal Line of Road Building Machinery. It will pay you to examine these machines and get our prices.

THE IHPLEMENT CO.

1302 E. riAIN ST. RICHMOND, VA.

A Neat Binder for your back numbers can be had for 30 cents. Address our Business Department.

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

633

VIRGINIA FARMS FOR SALE

If you want to buy a Farm or Suburban Home, see us about it. We can please you in price, terms, location and size. We have the largest list of farms in the State. Send for our new catalogue.

We Know This To Be a Bargain.

Sixty acres of land lying at the Intersection of two main roads; half cleared, balance in good wood; only three miles from railroad; good four-room dwelling (two story); elegant well of water; also store-house of two rooms, 30x40 (two story), now doing a good business; postoffice and school at the place; possession March 1st. Only $1,450. 54 Acres.

Three miles from city, close to an electric line and James river; good seven-room house, windmill, nice shade, barns, hen houses, fenced and cross-fenced with woven wire; to be sold at a low price on easy terms. Come and see it if you want a bargain. $5,500. Country Homes.

Sixteen-acre nice little chicken farm, 3-room house and orchards. $800.

Ten acres and orchard, poor buildings, $400.

Seventy acres, up-to-date house, 7 rooms, good buildings, a choice home, only $3,500.

Two thousand acre farm, improved, only $12,000.

Description of One of the Best Farms Lying East of the Blue Ridge.

This farm contains six hundred (600) acres, which is divided in the following manner:

About 100 acres in second growth pine, 100 acres in white oak timber. About 100 acres now in wheat, about 100 acres in cultivated grasses, about 100 acres in pasture, and like amount In corn and other crops.

This farm lies in Orange County, Va., about 60 miles west of the city of Richmond, and six miles from C. & O. R. R., and is considered one of the best farms east of the Blue Ridge mountains.

The dwelling is brick of twelve rooms, slate roof, situated in a pretty shady lawn of about two acres, and is now in perfect condition; fixtures for water in the house furnished by hvdraulic ram; also pump in the yard. 'This dwelling is beautifully arranged with three porches, and two fronts, the interior of which is finished with hardwood, mostly black walnut of artistic designs and masterly workmanship; was built about thirty years ago at a cost of not less than $10,000.

It is situated on a prominent point thus commanding a pretty view of the cultivated lands which are gently rolling down to a river which borders the farm on the south, also extending out to a main road which borders it for about a mile on the east.

The outbuildings are numerous, and in fair condition, among which are barn, stable, cattle house, hay house and machine house. This farm is well fenced and cross-fenced and contains a very fine orchard. (

This farm has just been put on the market, and only until recently could have been bought at all, which was made necessary by the death of its owner, and his widow's inability to carry on its extensive operation.

Legatees all live in the city and are engaged in other pursuits, and are offering this farm for sale for a division at the low figure of $15,000. Possession January 1, 1909. „ n

For sale only by Casselman & Co., 1108 E. Main St., Richmond, Va.

Casselman & Co.

1108 EAST MAIN STREET RICHMOND, VA.

Telephones:—Office 1902; Residence, 5458. P. O. Box 257.

Laurence Casselman J. R. Bowles Ben Bergman

Temple Gatewood George C. Wiles

Laurence Casselman

FOR BARGAINS CALL ON CASSELMAN AND COMPANY.

A farm thirty miles from Richmond, Va., one and one-half miles from wharf, three miles from Charles City Court House, and was granted in April, 1680, by Sir Henry Nicholas Knight, the King's representative at Williamsburg, Va., to Capt. Jas. Biss, for bringing over to the colony eight white settlers.

The soil is brown loam, our best grade of James river land, and has had 42% years of best farming, as we understand it, in this section; has had bone meal, Peruvian guano, lime, peas, clover, etc., used in regular rotation. Coming from the creek level on the South, the land lays in three flats, .or levels—one above the other—each rolling enough for perfect drainage, and on the brow of the third flat, stands the house and about thirty buildings, all for farming purposes, barns, stables, machinery, hands and overseers' houses, hay house, etc., all in good condition. The dwelling is heart pine frame, block tin iroof, eight big high-pitched, twenty-foot square rooms, with wide hall through center, and has commanding view. 450 acres are un-

der "Page" woven wire fence, in 100-acre fields, and 50 acres more, in four lots, for succession of green crops for hogs; also 5-acre orchard, all kinds fruit; 3-acre yard; 2-acre garden, 3-acre horse lot, cow pen, etc. 4% fields are In grass and sod, 10 acres In alfalfa, 25 acres in mixed hay for cutting: timothy, alfalfa, alsike clover, red top. Farm contains 927 acres, 677 acres in whole proper, the other 250 acres lying on James river, on the west border, having been bought from the next plantation and added to the estate.

Fields are about 100 acres each, eight of them, four in sod and pasture, four to cultivate. This estate cost in 1865, $38,000 cash. Both parents being now dead, sons wish to sell for division.

The estate is divided into three fields on each side by road through center, making two 300-acre farms. For east half, with buildings, will take $17,000 cash, or $20,000 cash for this part, and teams, hogs, cattle, machinery, wagons; everything in short to carry on the work with. For west half, with no buildings, will take $10,000, and to this 300 acres can be added 100 acres, of the 250 acre river field, at $4,000, which 400 acres can make two nice 200-acre farms. $2,000 will put up, suitable buildings on each one, leaving 150 acres for one of the owners to make a home on, or $30,000 cash will buy the whole plantation—part time for $35,000, or $35,000 cash will buy land, teams, stock, hogs, cattle, crops on hand, those growing, etc. Mills, churches, schools, stores, etc, all near. A $10,000 Bargain.

250 acres, 100 cleared and in cultivation, balance in timber and cord wood( about 3,000 cords of wood), 10 acres in growing alfalfa, 8-room dwelling, all outbuildings, everything in first-class condition, only five miles from Richmond; soil in fine state of cultivation (raised 700 bushels of corn last year); all stock (3 horses, 7 cows, 1,000 chickens); all implements and growing crops; cheap at $10,000; half cash; balance easy. For Sale or Exchange, 55 Acre Truck

Farm in Hanover County.

Only seven miles of Richmond; one and one-half miles of railroad. Fair buildings. Possession at once. Great sacrifice. Terms: $2,000.

Fifty acres of land, only six miles of Richmond, eight-room house and 200 fruit trees and grape vines, 11 head of hogs, 4 head of cattle, 25 head of poultry, 1 good horse, wagon and tools, and everything goes for $1,800.

130 acres just 16 miles from Richmond, fronting on main or country road, 200 yards from school; 75 acres cleared; some cord wood; six-room dwelling, barn, stable, and smoke house; fine grove in yard. Only $1,200.

James River farm. 650 acres in Charles City county, 35 miles from Richmond, one mile from wharf; 300 acres cleared, balance in small second growth; watered by stream and well; 8-room dwelling, large barn and other outbuildings; good fishing and hunting, as well as an ideal stock farm. Onlv $7,000.

Tract of timber land near Richmond. Va, one mile from railroad siding; heavv growth of No. 1 Pine timber. Don't miss this opportunity. Price, $1,000. Half cash; balance easy terms.

P34

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[July,

SHIP HE YOUR

OLD METALS

I

RUBBER

SCRAP IRON

Car Lots a Specialty

Hides Wante

Write for Pricee.

Satisfaction Guaranteed.

No Commissions.

Checks Sent Same Day Freight Bills Abe Marked Paid.

ilarence Cosby,

established 1890.

RICHflOND, VA.

Largest Dealee in

Serap Iron, Metals, Hides, Etc., in the South.

REFERENCES:

National Bank of Virginia, Bank of Richmond, Bradatreets and Dun.

PACTS OP INTEREST TO FARMERS.

New ideas in the care and feeding of farm animals have Drought to pass some radical changes in farm methods, greatly to the advantage of the farmer.

As an instance, take what may be called the "tonic idea." It teaches the necessary use of a proper digestive and corrective preparation during the weeks or months in which an animal is being fitted for market.

While this is a comparatively new idea, its importance cannot be overestimated. No one single feature ot the "new farm science" touches the profit side of the business so directly as this.

It points the way to a vastly more prosperous era in cattle raising as a branch of farm operations. It means greatly increased profits and a business established on a permanent basis.

The "tonic idea" is a simple, common sense proposition that the feeder of live stock will instantly appreciate once it is brought to his attention. Every feeder knows that at some point in the fatting process there may come to the animal a more or less serious digestive breakdown caused by long-continued heavy feeding . No need to say that this disaster is to be avoided if satisfactory results are to be reached or a margin of profit realized.

The purpose of the stock "food tonic," then, is to correct and prevent just this dangerous condition, and as the "ounce of prevention is worth the pound of cure" it follows that no feeder can afford to wait until the mischief is done, but should keep the digestive apparatus of his fatting cattle in a healthy condition from the start by the use of the tonic.

Experiments carried so far that there can be no reasonable doubt of the accurate results reached, prove that a "food tonic" containing the bitter principles which aid digestion, iron for the blood and nitrates which cleanse the system, is especially beneficial in preserving perfect animal health under all conditions.

No farmer or feeder can afford to risk his stock without it.

By acting directly upon the digestive organs, it enables a fatting steer to consume, day after day, large amounts of grain, and of course lay on flesh rapidly.

To the cow in milk the result is the same, except that the increased assimilation of food is secreted as milk rather than fat.

To horses the "food tonic" is very valuable. General good condition fs always present where it is given and in fitting for market it gives most successful results.

Sheep and hogs derive an equal benefit from the "food tonic."

TNIIMPROVES

SGREISnUPPOLLEI

Writ* l«r Priiw.

Chumberlin Mfg. Co., Olean, M. Y,

HERCULES

Stump Puller

Clears an acre of heavy timber land each day. Clears all stumps in a circle of 150 feet without moving or changing the machine. Strongest, most rapid working and best made. HERCULES MF'G Co., 413 17th St., Centreville, Iowa.

—GET—

DEERINQ BINDERS, MOWERS AND RAKES.

—Also—

BINDER TWINE, HARVESTER OIL.

AMD REPAIRS AT

Fuller Brothers

DANVILLE, VA.

MONEY SHVE&

IS MONEY EARNED

Order direct, We make Engines from 3 ,to 15 H. P. Statioii»fj and Portable Send for Catalog. BAUROTH BROS., CI Fisher St.. Springfield, Ohio.

lake Your

BBMr

iwn

at Small Coat with WILSON'S PHOSPHATE Mill*

KromltolOH.P. Also Bona Cutters, hand aud powei for the poultrymen; grit and sbell mills, farm feed mills, family grist mills, scrap cake mills. Send foj our catalog.

Wilson Bros., Sole MJrs., Eastoo, Pa.

THE SOUTHE RN" PLANTER.

635

MAN HORSE

I

On our wonderful new Daisy SELF-THREAD-|ING, self-feeding, one-horse hay press. Ii is I

the only one on the market on which one I I man can do all tho work. This first successful self-threading: deyice—greatest time I saver ever. Condenser and open bars on bale I 1 Copper -(increase capacity and prevent I

--~«™i^a^m|Iork Catching, j

IcW-^v?TT1 five days'

saMftpC lklfrpc trial.

\$*<U!tifcF*'i"'M i»K«»%aLWrite today

]^»for prices

f JTKtBi Hi and circulars.

CHAnPION HAY PRESS

The old reliable. Large feed opening. IB Long plunger JjlljS travel. Twenty-years on the market. Thousands in use. "What better reputation can a press have? Write for prices and terms.

FAMOUS MFG. CO., 40 Chicago Ave., East Chicago, Ind.

IS

v

a

a it

CO

o

ft

i S

o

M

B

fee u

u

£2 fa

u S

MI'S,

a*

When yon buy a ROSS you get the BEST. V7e h:ive been associated with Kilo users for 58 years and know what is wanted. Every Silo is made in our own factory.

FULLY GUARANTEED

All staves in one piece, very best of material used. You pay for same after you receive Silo and find it as represented.

We Pay the Freight

We also manufacture Ross Silo Filling Machinery. Oldest and largest manufacturers in the world. Write for catalogs.

THE E. W. ROSS CO. Box lt> Springfield, Ohio

We want Local Agents. Writ* for proposition.

PLANfcT JR. *",*£££: Save

S. L. Allen «& Co., Box 1107X, Philadelphia.

Lambs grow more rapidly where a very little is given in daily doses and tip the scale at a better figure when market day comes.

Hogs receiving it are uniformly healthy and make enormous grow en in less time than would be possible under any other system of feeding. These facts show how vitally the farmers' interest is associated with the "food tonic" idea.

Such men as Professors Winslow, Quitman and Pinley Dun indorse its ingredients and successful men are using it.

A NEW HAY PRESS.

The George Ertel Company, Quincy, 111., pioneer hay press makers, have just placed on the market their latest development in hay presses. It is a press that one man can operate, and with one horse he can bale a ton an hour. This is made possible because it has an automatic self-feeding device, and a wonderful ingenious, yet simple device for self-threading of the bale wire, so that no partition blocks are necessary. A great time and fork saver is the hopper with bars at the side instead of being solid. This permits the tines of the fork to go through instead of hitting the side when the hay is being put in.

With this press a man can do his own baling in his spare time, instead of having a big hay-baling crew around when he would like to be doing other work, or the press being mounted on wheels it can be taken right into the field and the hay baled at the windrow. Circulars and full Information will be sent free if you write to the George Ertel Company, Quincy, 111. Their name is well known, as they have been in business for over forty years. They also man ufacture incubators as well as hay presses.

Please mention the Southern Planter.

OF INTEREST TO MARKET GARDENERS.

We are certain that any and all our readers who are interested in market growing will be very much pleased to find out that there is at the present time a paper published in Louisville. Ky., called "The Market Growers' Journal.

This paper is published exclusively in the interests of market growers, and it is our opinion that the market reports and other valuable information given therein should be almost indispensable to all our readers engaged in this particular class of agricultural industry.

We believe it will pay you to write for a sample copy to The Market Growers' Journal, 512-522 Illinois Life Building, Louisville, Ky. For twenty-five cents you can obtain this weekly magazine for the remainder of 1908.

Genasco

Ready Roofing

is not only waterproof, but stays waterproof. Made of Trinidad Lake Asphalt.

As |. y „ ur dealer for Genasco. Write for Book (;? and samples.

THE BARBER ASPHALT PAVING COMPANY

Largest producers of asphalt, and largest manufacturers of ready roo6ng in the world.

PHILADELPHIA

I New York San Francisco Chicago

3IANLOVE AUTOMATIC GATE

Saves time adds to valu« safety, beauty and pleasure of home. Manlove Gate Co., 272 Huron St. Chicago, 111.

SPRING FENCE

Made of high carbon Steel Wire Horse-high, Bull-stronn Chicken-tight. Sold direc to the Farmer at lowest i _mu?ac-turers prices on 30 Days Free Trial, freight prepaid. lOOp&ge Catalogue and price-list free.

KITSELMAN BROS.,

Box 14 MUN CIE, IMP.

mimr^———ifi— mm

STRONGEST

MADE. Bull-

strong chicken-tight Sold to the user at Wholesale FrlceB. We Pay Freieht. Catalogue free.

COILED SPRING FENCE CO., Bos 52 Winchester, Indiana.

6511

Ware Fence 70--

48-in.stockfenceperrodonly * Best high carbon coiled steel spring Catalog offences,toolsand supplies 1 Buy direct at wholesale. Write toda| MASON FEHSE CO, Bos 80 UeflbtU&.

tMSO HARROWS AND DISC PLOWS, Clark'a Double-Action Cutaway Harrow—the greatest labor aarer. Im-i>omparuble work.

Does In one trip what ordinary disc arrows canaot do in three and four trips.

A WONDERFUL INVENTION.

Clark's Double Action Combined Cultivator and Harrow. Can be used to cultivate rowed crops, as a listing harrow,

also when closed together is a harrow cutting 4% feet wide.

These are the tools of to-day. CUTAWAY HARROW CO, 45 Main

St., Hlggannm, Conn.

4.SHTOW STARKB, Southern Sale*

Agent, Richmond, Va.

THE SOUTHERX PLANTER.

[July,

[he Tornado

S ILO

and Silo Filler.

The only perfect, complete, silage equipment on the market.

SILOS having- continuous doorway, non-sticking, positively air-tight doors.

SILO FILLERS with interchangeable cylinders for every kind of work in reducing corn, rye oats, hay, alfalfa, etc., equipped with Blower. Carrier Traveling Table, or Truck Mounting. New catalogue just out. "Write for one and become posted. W. R. HARRISON «fc CO., Massillon, O.

DOSS

■ ft With BLOWER and Traveling

■ ■ FEED TABLE

SILO FILLING MACHINERY

Made in sizes to suit all wants from 5 to 15 Horse Power Engine.

Sold on their own merits. Pay for same after tried and satisfied. LARGEST CAPACITY AND STRONGEST BUILT Write for catalog. We have had 58 years experience and are the largest and oldest manufacturers of Ensilage Machinery in the world. THE E. W. ROSS CO., Box 16 Springfield, Ohio

We aba make ROSS SILOS and MANURE SPREADERS.

SILO FILLERS wTn'd

with wind elevators for any Power from 4to 12 H. P. will Cut or Shred green or dry fodder and elevate to any height. Get Free catalogue and our trial proposition.

Q

Wilder-Strong Implement Co. Box 82 Monroe, Michigan.

Write for Prices.

ENGINES FOR 3ALE.

Ten horse traction, $250; 10 horst portable, $150; 12 horse portable, $200; <i horse boiler and engine, $90; 1 horsf gasoline engine, $40; 3 horse, $60; £ norse, $125; 10 horse, $175. Boilers arnj Engines from 1 to 100 horse carried lr stock for immediate shipment. Oaaey Boiler Works, Springfield, Ohio

CUTAWAY TOOLS FOR LAR6E HAY CROPS,

Three of Clark's Intense Cultivators produced last year on 14% acres, 102 tons of well dried alfalfa, timothy and redtop hay. If you want to know how, enclose a 2-cent stamp to GEORGE M. CLARK, Higganum, Conn.

WHAT THE GOVERNMENT IS

DOING FOR THE BASKET

WILLOW GROWER.

One of the most unique experiments of the Government in tree growing is the work in basket willow culture at an experimental holt at Arlington, Virginia, just across the river from Washington. The holt is located on an experiment farm on rich Potomac bottom land on the slope of the river bank, about six feet above the water level. Twenty-eight contiguous plats ranging from one to six square rods each were planted several years ago with four varieties of approved basket willows to determine the best methods of management and its influence on the growth and quality of the rods produced.

Experiments show that the commercial quality of the rods grown in this country, under proper care and management, is equal or superior to the finest of those imported from France or Germany. The management ordinarily employed by American growers does not yield rods with the proper requirements for high-grade wicker work. The very gratifying results of the management devised by the United States Forest Service, which is conducting the experiments, has awakened considerable interest in this country, and will unquestionably revolutionize the basket willow industry in this country.

Perhaps, the best evidence of how signally the Government has succeeded in its endeavors is shown by the fact that a great many farmers, as well as manufacturers of willow ware have been encouraged to plant basket willows for profit on lands hitherto considered entirely useless.

The experimental planting in the holt at Arlington has proved that close spacing in and between the rows is a matter of paramount importance to basket willow growers. The tests on close and wide spacing were made by setting the cuttings of all the varieties propagated at distances of 6 inches apart in the row by 18 inches between the rows, 9 by 21 inches, and 12 by 36 inches. The form and quality of the rods produced under these different systems of spacing show decidedly the advantage of close planting. Considerable pains were taken to arrive at a satisfactory solution of this important problem. The stock produced on these different plats was carefully weighed, and compared both before and after peeling and drying. The American green willow (Salioc amyg-dalina), so commonly planted both in Europe and in this country yielded the following encouraging results: Spacing. Weight of peeled rods

per square rod. Inches. lbs.

6x18 44.3

9x20 49.4

12x36 38.7 .

These figures, which represent the

CIDER AND WINE MILLS

THE LATEST IMPROVED AND THE BEST MILL ON THE MARKET.

They cannot be surpassed in quality, finish, durability and capacity. They have hard wood frames, heavy cast iron beams, and are handsomely finished- The throat is adjustible so as to admit all sizes of fruit, and the grinding rollers are ground on the faces, are true to their centers, and are easily adjusted so close that no pulp can pass through without being thoroughly crushed. The grinding apparatus cannot be improved upon.

Our complete catalogue giving prices on all sizes as well as our complete line of farm machinery sent free on request.

THE IMPLEMENT COMPANY.

1302 E. Maiu St., Richmond, Va.

HIGH GRADE

DROP-HEAD

LIGHT RUNNING

SEWING

MACHINE

Positively tho greatest SewingfMachine value ever offered. By our direct selling plan, we save you all dealers' and agents' profits. This Machine is equal to any usually sold by agents for $30.00. Is substantially made of best material, and is equipped with the latest improvements. Elegant oak drop-leaf cabinet, 4 drawers and full set of attachments. We give our binding 10-year guarantee with each machine. Order one today, tryit 30 days andif notfoundin every way satisfactory, we willre-fundyour money. We are the largest sewing machine distributers in the South, and mate prompt shipment. Send for complete catalogue mailed free on application.

MALSBY, SHIPP & CO.

Department 14, Atlanta, Ga.

"^

A Neat Binder for your back numbers can be had for 30 cents. Address our Business Department.

'1908.]

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

637

Harness Wilh "Life" in it

A pliable strap is a

strong strap. You will

hold the horse all right

it yo'" »>avesoftened

JE=r»=» /&© arR ! ughened the

whole harness

with

Harness Oil

Unequalled as a leather preservative. Prevents cracking and rotting. Gives a nne finish. An application now and then saves the harness— pays the owner. Ask for Eureka Harness Oil. Mace b»

STANDARD OIL CO (.Incorporated*

BARGAINS IN

2nd Hand Machinery,

THE WATT PLOW COMPANY,

Richmond, Va.

1—25 H. P. Geiser Engine and Boiler on skids. In first-class order.

1—IS H. P. (8x10 cylinder) Pitta Engine and Boiler. Mounted on steel wheels.

1—25 H. P. Geiser Engine. Mounted on 30 H. P. Boiler on skids. Almost new.

1—12 H. P. Kelly Engine and Boiler on wheels. In first-class order.

1—15 H. P. Frlck Engine and Boiler on wheels.

1—No. 1 Lane Saw Mill with Richmond Iron Works Feed, 48-inch Inserted Tooth San and all necessary belts. In first-class order,

1—No. 3 Farqnhar Cable Feed Saw Mill with three Head Blocks and 50-inch Inserted Tooth Saw. As good as new,

i

1—6 H. P. Peerless Engine and Boiler on wheels.

1—7-inch 4-Sided Molder.

1 4-lnch 4-Sided Molder.

—ALSO—

1—48-inch Inserted Tooth Simonds Saw.

1—54-inch Inserted Tooth Simonds Saw.

1—2nd hand American Combined Lath Mill and Bolter; in first-class condition; used three or four months.

1—20 H. P. Geiser detached Engine and Boiler with No. 1 Lane Saw Mill, 48-Inch inserted tooth saw and all belt, &c, in first-class order.

We invite yonr correspondence and ■will gladly give any information desired.

THE WATT PLOW CO.,

1426 E. Main St., Richmond, Va,

f\ i IVJ C P NJ Ci Plants and Seeds for Ml 11*^ CI"** A Fall and spring delivery. Popular prices. For further information address C. F. CARTER, Seven Mile Ford, Va.

Always mention The Southern Planter when writing advertisers.

weight of dry peeled rods per square rod for different spacing, indicate that the proper planting distance for the American green is 9 by 21 inches apart, the highest yield in weight being produced by this method.

Careful counts were made to ascertain the number of commercial rods produced on a square rod for different spacing. The following table shows the average figures: Spacing. Number of rods

Inches per square rod

6x18 782

9x20 517

12x36 350

The number of rods on the plat where the stools are set 6x18 inches apart exceed those on the plat where they are planted 9x20 inches apart. The rods remain considerably shorter, however, and a larger percentage of weight is lost in removing the bark from small rods than from larger ones. The grower, therefore, profits by adapting the latter method.

The average number of rods per stool, as well as the average weight per rod was found to vary considerably under the several methods of spacing. The average figures from counts made are given below: Spacing Number of Weight per

Inches rods per stool. rod., lbs. 6x18 2.3 .163

9x20 2.6 .254

12x36 4.4 .292

It was found that the average number of rods per stool and average weight per rod increased proportionately as the spacing distance increases. The enormous yield of rods per acre has been carefully computed, both in pounds and in money value under the different systems of spacing: Spacing Yield per acre.

Inches lbs.

6x18 s 7,088 © .05 per lb. $354.40

9x20 7,904 " ' 395.20

12x36 6,192 " " " '* 309.60

An experiment relative to shading out weeds by close spacing has been satisfactorily demonstrated. On plats where the stools were set at distances of 6x18 inches, or 9x20 inches apart, the weeds were all thoroughly suppressed after the second year. The weeds continued to be exceedingly troublesome after the second year on plats where the stools were spaced 12 by 36 inches apart. Under the intensive system of managing a holt, the grower not only secures a heavier yield of high-grade rods, as shown in the tables above, but, at the same time, saves considerable labor in keeping the holt clean of weeds. This is a demonstrated fact which will prove to be of vital importance to all growers. There are at present four varieties of approved willows employed in the tests to determine the proportionate yield for each kind according to close and wide spacing.

Many other very important considerations were included in these ex-

AGRICULTURAL LIME.

PLAIN ROCK

OR

SHELL LIME

BAGS OB BULK

SPECIAL FINE HYDRATED LIME

FOE DRILLING.

If in the market for any grade and any quantity of

LAID LIME

Write for our price list and particulars

T. G. ANDREWS & CO., Inc.

NORFOLK, .... VA.

Now is YourChance

—FOR—

CHEAP LEWIE

Owing to extreme dullness in the building lime trade we will make low prices on our regular run of kiln "rock" lime until fall.

We have a few car loads of screenings left unsold.

Tazewell White Lime Works

North Tazewell, Va.

A Great Discovery

DROPSY CURED with vegetable remedies; removes all symptoms of dropsy In 8 to !• days; 30 to 60 days effects permanent cure. Trial treat-iment furnished free to every sufferer; nothing fairer. For circulars, testimonials and free trial treatment ' write" Ur. H." H. GREEN'S SONS, Atlanta, Ga.

KILL SAN JOSE SCALE WITH

GOOD'S fiJfJtif&l SOUP NO. 3

James Good, 959 N. Front Street, Philadelphia.

G38

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

SWOT) YOUR ORDER FOR

TO

DIGGS & BEADLES

THE SEED MERCHANTS

170S East Franklin Street,

RICHMOND, VA.

We are headquarters for superior seeds of all kinds—Garden and Flower Seeds, Grass and Grain Seeds, Cow Peas, Field Beans, Millets, Sorghums, Fertilizers, Poultry Foods, etc. Tour correspondence solicited. Write for our Free Catalogue.

NEW WARD BLACKBERRY

ONE OF THE BEST.

Fine stock of plants for fall delivery. Send for descriptive circular of the Ward. For other nursery products send for general price list. FRED SHOOSMITH, Hoyt, Pa., and Chester, Va.

Address either office.

FIVE MINUTE TALK

sent free. "How to Keep Away-Chicken Lice and Mites" by only ONE APPLICATION A YEAR

Successfully used for upwards of 30 years. Carbolineum Wood Preserving Co.,

346 W. Broadway, New York, N. Y. 5

FUMA

P1HL™..- Market Growers

GARDENERS Innmnal Business paper for PflPFR *JOWria«a! busy Market Gar-

r Mr era denersand Truckers. Up-to-date and prac-25 CtS. tical weekly. Helpful hints, valuable articles on Vegetables, Fruits, Tillage, Fertilizing"; Exp. Sta. Bulletins, Market Reports, Greenhouse Culture, etc. Full of live topics every issue. Just what gardeners are looking for. $1 a year. 25c to January 1, 1909, to introduce. Sample tree. Address

Market Growers Journal

612 Illinois Life Buolding, Louisville, Ky.

WANTED

Is to Collect

kills Prairie Dogs, Wood-Chucks, Gophers and Grain Insects. "The wheels of the Gods grind slow, but exceedingly small." So the weevil, but you can stop their grind with

PUMA CARBON BI-SULPHIDE as others are doing. It fumigates poultry houses and kills hen lice. Edmird R. Taylor, Penn Yan, N. Y.

la all portions of the United States. No collection, no charge. Agendo* wanted everywhere; 25 years' experience. PALMORB'S COLLECTION AGENCY, 911 Main St., Richmond, Va

Tell the advertiser where jrou eav his advertisement.

periments, such as the effect of low cutting on the yield and character of the rods and on the vitality of the stools themselves. A careful study was made of the proportion of the wood to bark and of the comparative weight of the peeled and dried rods for each variety. Special investigation was made with reference to the utilization of willow hark obtained from peeling the rods. It has been shown that the bark of most varieties contains sufficiently large quantities of tannin to make them useful to tanners, and it is hoped by those concerned in making these investigations that this enormous waste may be turned to economic use whereby growers may realize additional revenue from the sale of bark.

The results of these and other experiments will be published by the Forest Service for the benefit of those interested in basket willow culture. This publication entitled "Recent Practical Results in Basket Willow Culture," will be available soon for free distribution, and will be mailed upon request to the Forester at Washington.

The experimental holt at Arlington will be considerably enlarged this year by planting cuttings obtained from Europe. Cuttings of a great many tested varieties of European basket willows have been brought from European growers in order to increase the number suitable for cultivation in this country.

THE VIRGINIA STOCK FARM CO. As briefly announced in our last January issue, this company was organized for the purpose of propagating ideal types of pure-bred stock of various breeds particularly adapted to this section of the country. It is composed of many prominent breeders who knew what is what in pure-bred stock. They have purchased a splendid estate in Bedford county, and fca've placed it in charge of Mr. J. Elliott Hall, who is himself an experienced live-stockman. The initial announcement of the company will be found on another page. You are particularly requested to send in your name for a catalogue, which will shortly be off the press. This will be an exceedingly handsome volume, well worth a place on your library table, as it will contain a great deal of general information on the various breeds of stock as well as specific information in regard to its operations. We predict for the company instant success, which it will undoubtedly strive to its utmost to deserve.

LOUDOUN FARM SOLD.

Mr. T. W. Grimes has sold through P. B. Buell, Herndon, Va., his 300 acre farm near Daysville. to Mr. J. W. Nicol, of Loudoun county, formerly a resident of Rockbridge county. Price, $12,000.

IT IS NOT TOO LATE TO SOW

COW PEAS,

CRIMSON CLOVER, Etc.

and secure a good stand, with best results from the succeeding crop by using

BONE PHOSPHATE

22% per cent. Phosphoric Acid. 4% per cent. Ammonia.

(Guaranteed Analysis.)

A Pure Animal Bone Fertilizer

In the manufacture of which NO CHEMICALS are used.

Ton (2,000 pounds) $2S.50

Sack, 200 pounds 3.00

RICHMOND ABBATOIR.

Box 267, Richmond, Virginia.

Offices: Sixth and Cary Streets.

Make Your Idle Money Earn You Interest

Write the FIRST NATIONAL BANK

of Richmond, Virginia, for information concerning its certificates of deposit, so arranged that One Per Cent, may be collected every Four Months through your nearest bank or store

Our experience proves this form lor savings to be the most satisfactory plan yet devised for deposits of $100.00

0r Our° r Capital and Earned Surplus is

$1,600,000

John B. Pnrcell, President. Jno. M. Miller, Jr., Vice-Pres. Cashier. Chas. R. Burnett, Asst. Cashier. J. C. Joplin, Asst. Cashier.

FARMERS

Insure Your Buildings, Live Stock,

Produce, Etc., In Virginia Division

FARMERS' MUTUAL BENEFIT

ASSOCIATION.

Best security. Property tarred $500 000. Average cost per $l,uuu per vear $5.00. Territory limited to counties of Chesterfield. Amelia, Powhatan, Nottowav. Dinwiddle, Prince George SuVrv Charles City, New Kent and James City. For plan and membership

CHARLES N. FRIEND. General Agent, Chester, Va.

Organized January 9, 1899.

THE VIRGINIA LANDSCAPE

AND MAINTENANCE CO. INC. 416 Watt, Rettew & Clay Building,

ROANOKE, VA. Entomologists, Foresters, Landscape Architects, Engineers.

A meat Binder for your back numbers can be had for 30 cents. Address ->ur Business Department.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

639

Poultry-raisers have found that the better the incubators and brooders they use, the better the foods they feed, the more money they make, and the morepleasure they get out of their fowls, we want to sup'-

Sly you with the better Incubators and rooders,foods and supplies. We manufacture and market the best goods in the world in our line. The "United" Incubators and brooders—standard the world over, and favorites with poultry people—are our leaders in the machine line. ^'Banner" and "Fidelity" Poods need no - [Tgument to convince you of their merits. S. We manufacture aud guarantee them. ,lVV By bu ying all your supplies at one <L **NV P laee y°u will save on freight, and will always get a quality you can depend on. Send us your orders and save money. Before you buy elsewhere write for our free catalogs. Doit to-day. United Incubator & Poultry Supply Mfg. Co., Dept. 17 26-28 Vesey St., H. Y. City.

4

.PRAIRIE STATE INCUBATORS

UNIVERSAL HOVERS.

New idea machines. Hatches the largest and most vigorous chicks. Guaranteed. Recommended, used and endorsed by the Government Stations. Send for convincing fact circulars.

VIRGINIA POULTRY SUPPLY CO, Highland Park, Richmond, Va.

POULTRY SUPPLY DEALERS.

METAL MOTHERS.

Complete Fireproof Hatching and Brooding Plant for $7.60; two quarts of oil will hatch and brood the chicks. Our nest system is the latest discovery. Full line of p ou 11 r y supplies. Lo-west prices. Free catalogue. Write to-day.

CYCLE HATCHER CO., Box 400, Elmira, New York.

KILL THE LICI

Xfi* M ^ ao,!,nUe3 CHICKENS w^

LICE POWDER Sore Death to Lice and Vermin i

| They can't live where it is. Easy to apply. Dust it so j "Killed every loose in my flock of

250 bene."—~D.Perry, Monroe, Wis.

_Prfc» 25 and 50c a Pkg. • By mail. 40 aad 73c

"?»sf«*»»«u» 4n*Mov do.. St. Paul.* Uik».I

placed anywhere, at. tracts and kills all flies. Neat, clean, ornamental, convenient, cheap. Lasts all season. Absolutely harmless, cannot spill or tip over, will not soil or injure anything. Guaranteed effective. Of all dealers or sent prepaid ior20 cents. HAKOLD SOMERS _ 149 DeKalb Ave. 9 Brooklyn, N. Y.

POULTRY BOOK ABSOLUTELY FREE.

For some time the Zenner Disiu fectant Co., Mich., has been stud> ing how to combine the famous liquid, Zenoleum, with other dry insecticides so as to retain its best qualities as a lice killer in powder form. The Company believes that :t has successfully solved this problem, and now offer to poultry raisers Zenoleum Powder Lice Killer under the same guarantee as Zenoleum has been sold for the past ten years. Poultry raisers appreciate the difficulty and danger of using a liquid dip and disinfectant on chickens to rid them of lice and mites. The industrious hen despises water as she does lice, and would rather bear the ills she has than take a bath to cure them. For the good she does the hen is entitled to have her likes and dislikes considered, hence a dry powder, that when dusted over her body and rubbed in with the hand will rid her from the constant irritation 01 these blood-sucking parasites, is certain to be appreciated by biddy. If with this powder for bodily application, is added a three per cent, solution of Zenoleum, applied freely with a hand-sprayer, sprinkler, or an old broom on the roosts, floors, nest boxes, walls, etc., etc., of the poultry house, the treatment will be found very effective, and the relief of the flock will be prompt and greatly appreciated by the fowls. Remember that when these parasites suck the blood of a fowl, that is taking a portion of the finished product that her digestive organs have manufactured out of the food you have supplied, and thus materially interfering with the fowl's ability to give you a good return for the feed and care given her. If you win send a postal card to the Zenner Disinfectant Co., 93 Lafayette Ave., Detroit, Mich., for a copy of then very interesting pamphlet called "Chicken Chat," it will be sent free to your address. Among other topics of interest, it gives a full description of the tests made by Prof. W. R. Grahan, of the Ontario Agricultural College, with Zenoleum as a preventive of disease in incubator chicks, and the splendid results obtained by the use of this disinfectant and germicide. Send for a copy at once.

HIS EYES OPENED.

"Why is she getting a divorce?"

"On the grounds of misrepresentation. She says that before they were married he claimed to be well off!"

"And what does he say?"

"He says he was, but didn't know it." B[f§

— March Lippincott's.

if you can't call on us in person. We maintain a MAIL ORDER DEPARTMENT in charge of a man skilled in the line of interpreting orders by mail, with over 20 VRS' EXPERIENCE in catering to the tastes and needs of our OUT-OF-TOWN CUSTOMERS. Our system of measurements is so simple that it's an easy matter to order; and we send goods anywhere on approval, which enables you to satisfy yourself about fit, quality and pattern before PAYING A PENNY ON THEM.

C A word lrom you will bring our NEW, HANDSOMELY ILLUSTRATED STYLE BOOK to your address, together with SAMPLES of many of our leading patterns in Suits; tape measure, etc. State whether MEN or BOYS' samples are wanted! e EVERY GARMENT STRICTLY GUARANTEED.

CWe handle the FINEST CLOTHES made fa America, yet our prices are VERY LOW when you consider the quality. —

MEN'S SU/TS, $12.50 Up.

BOYS' SUITS. SS.S0 Up.

BOYS' WASH SUITS. . 95 cts. Up. C CLERICAL GARMENTS a Specialty.

O.H.BERRY^CO

THE SOUTH'5 LARGEST

CLOTHIERY

RICHMOND,

VA.

THE VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE,!

I State Agricultural and Mechanical College, at Blacksburg, Virginia. A Southern Institute of Technology.) Fifty-six instructors, thoroughly equipped shops, laboratories and infirmary. Steam heat and electric lights in dormitories. Library of 10,000 volumes. Farm of eleven hundred acres. Degree courses in Agriculture, Horticulture, Applied Chemistry, Applied Geology, Civil, Mining, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Metallurgy and Metallography and Preparatory Veterinary Medicine. School of Agricultural Apprentices.

Total cost of session of nine months, including tuition and other fees, board washing, uniform, medical attendance, etc., $276.60. Cost of State students, $226.60.

The next session opens Wednesday, September 23, 1908. For catalogue and other information, apply to PAUL B. BARRINGBR, M. D. LL.D., President.

*mmm

Fifty miles from Washington. Oldest preparatory school in Virginia. Prepares for Business, Universities and Government Academies. Able faculty. Thorough instruction. Individual attention. Charges $275. For illustrated catalogue and information, address COL. WE M. KEMPER, Supt.

W&RRENTON v VIRGIN I A

A Neat Binder for your back numbers can be bad for 30 cents. Address >ur Business Departmeat.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

GOOD

Draughon gives contracts, backed by chain of 3a Colleges, $300,000.00 capital, and 19 years' success, to secure positions under reasonable conditions or refund tuition.

Qrtfll/l/CCDmf* Draughon'scom-PUWft E CMWU l"' 1 'to/'s. bi not

———i— accepting his proposition, concede that he teaches more Bookkeeping in THREE months than they do in SIX. Draughon can convince YOU.

75 per cent of the United States Court Re porters write the system of Shorthand Draughon teaches, because they know it is THE BEST. FOR FREE CATALOGUE and booklet "Why Learn Telegraphy?" which explain all, call on or write Jno. F. Draughon, President

SHORTHAND

DRAUGHON'S

PRACTICAL BUSINESS COLLEGE

(WE also teach BY MAIL)

Washington, Kaleifih, tvnoxvtlle, «r

Atlanta.

Gem City Business College

QUINCY, ILL. Annual attendance 1400. 20 teachers. Students from majority of states. Occu-«"».rv.~-S pies its own $100,000 specially de-UOOQ signed, and equipped building. DneitiAnc await our graduates. Thor-rUSIUUIISougli courses in Shorthand, Typewriting^ Bookkeeping., Actual Business Practice, Penmanship and Mathematics. Write for our beautiful illustrated catalogue giving full information free. VD. L. MUSSEL.M.AN, President Lock Box 130 Qnincy. Illinois *

'ROANOKE,

The school with the reputation. Position for all graduates. Twentieth session opens Sept. 1st. Write to-day for free catalogue. Address

E. M. COULTER, President.

EDICAL COLLEGE or V irginia

1838 I9D8

Medicine, Dentistry, Pharmacy

Seventy-first Session begins Sept. 15, l'JOS Graded first-class by the American Medical Association on the record of its graduates. Climato salubrious. Living expenses low. Write for terms and catalogue 1

Christopher Tompkins, M.D.,Dsan. Rlchmonil.Va.

FARMS 0!iJ Zl E K %™ MARYLAND

Grain and Stock Farm of 107 acrea Productive soil, 10-room dwelling large barn, granary, corn cribs, poul try houses, wood houses, etc. All Ir good repair. In elegant neighborhood close church, school and store. Pricf $3,000, $1,200 cash, balance on eas> terms. Great bargain. Will pay yoi to Investigate. Only 8V4 hours frorr both Baltimore and Philadelphia Catalogue free.

The J. W. Funk Co., Denton, Md

GOOD HOUSEKEEPING. Fried Lamb.

In spite of the prejudice againsi friend things, many of them are very toothsome and worth trying. You will find this dish especially so. Cut the loin of the lamb into thin slices and pound them igently on both sides. Heat the griddle and melt on u a lump of butter or lard. Have it sizzling hot; add a shaving of onion to it. Dip each slice of meat into flour and fry quickly, turning it frequently. Sprinkle pepper and salt on it and remove to a hot dish. If need be, add a little browned flour to the fat and pour a half cup of boiling water on it, stir from the bottom all the time; when it boils pour it over the lamb and garnish with curled parsley.

Friend Chicken.

Always kill the chicken the day before it is to be used. If you have an ice box it is better for keeping even longer. After it is picked draw and wash thoroughly, then cut off the legs and wings; then take off the scragg, just at the joint with the back, divide the back from the breast, cut the breast into two parts. If you have some nice country cured middling use that for frying with. Put several slices on a hot griddle and let them fry; then take out the meat, keep the grease hot. Dip each piece of chicken in seasoned flour and drop them into the fat. Take great care not to burn a piece, but let it get done through and through. Remove the chicken, and make a gravy by adding a little bit of flour and (hot water. Garnish the dish with the chicken on it; serve the gravy in a boat.

Banana Cream.

If you want to make a gallon of cream, you will need seven very ripe bananas, three eggs, four cups of sugar, and three quarts of milk. If you have cream it will not take more than five pints. The cream whips up so much more than milk does. Beat the yolks of the eggs until they are as light as for egg-nog, or in a puff, mix them raw in the milk, sweeten the milk and then peel the bananas, and with a fork mash them as smoothly as possible. Put them at once into the milk. Add the grated rind of one lemon and freeze at once. When it begins to freeze hites of the eggs beaten dry. This is one of the most popular cream recipes I know of, and is little trouble to make.

Orange Ice.

I am repeating this recipe at the request of a friend of The Planter. Select the oranges with an eye to the thick oily look of the skin. To one gallon use six oranges; seven if they aro small. Dissolve four tablespoons of cornstarch in a little cold water, then pour boiling water on it till it is clear; add about five cups of su-

COMPLETELY STOCKED^]

AND

FINELY EQUIPPED FARM

FOR SALE.

A fine farm in Loudoun County, all ready for business. Stock, crops, farm implements, and household furniture so n „^" Itn farm . for only $10,500.

227 acres of good land 3y 2 miles from rail; 62 acres in timber; 25 acres corn; JO acres wheat; 11 acres oats; peas and rape, 40 acres; ground rolling, good clay loam; 8 springs and 1 stream, 60' acres has been limed within two years

Good stone house of 8 rooms with slate roof; ample grounds and large garden; stone meat and spring house; barn and cow stable in good condition-large double corn house. Stock.

63 Sheep—2 bucks.

55 Lambs.

7 Brood Sows—38 pigs—1 sow to farrow.

2 good cows—1 heifer to calf. Farm Implements,

1 new 4-horse harness, cost $80.

New set of buggy harness, cost $35.

New Dayton, cost $65, with harness.

Four horse wagon, hand made, with new bed.

6 sets plow gear; 3 sets new.

New 3-horse plow. New spring harrow.

1 drag harrow.

1 corn planter.

Deering- binder.

About 8 barrels of corn, and some hay.

Other things too numerous to mention. Good household furniture.

This is considered the best bargain offered in Loudoun Co. for some time. Possession can be given at once.

Stock farms in Northern Virginia a specialty.

To avoid possible delays kindly write or telephone us when to meet you.

P. B. BUELL & SON, Herndon, Va.

dJC VIRGINIA FARMSC

NPvJ. per acre and up

Pull improvements, productive soil, abundant water, excellent climate— along the Chesapeake and Ohio Railway. Write to-day for handsome illustrated booklet and homeseekers' rates. Free sites for new industries. Address G.B. WALL, Real Estate Agt., Dept. B., C. and O. Ry. Co., Richmond, Va.

Mill for Sale.

Up to date, 36-barrel- water-power, roller mill and saw mill, In good grain section, close to schools, good brick dwelling, garden and spring. Will be sold cheap.

Dixon Broa., Lexington, Va.

Virginia Farms

MOST SELECT LIST, and in all see

Wons of the State.

FRBB CATALOGUE.

R. B. CHAFFIN & CO., Inc.

Richmond, Va,

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

641

For Sale, or Lease

Two farms adjoining of about 300 acres each, separated by Sailors Creek, in Southeast corner of Amelia Co., Va.

Farm No. 1 of 293 acres, five miles from Rice Depot on Norfolk & Western R. R., has and old but comfortable dwelling of five rooms, wo tobacco barns, stable, cornhouse and sheds, young orchard, two springs, and good body of pine timber. Has over 30 acres bottom land, and about 50 acres uplands in cultivation. All improvements in fair condition. Price, timber, $1,000; land $3,000; total, $4,00,0.

Farm No. 2 of 297 acres, four miles from Rice Depot, has about 30 to 40 acres of open land, but no improvements except tobacco barn and old cabin, but has a fine body of timber, chiefly oak, with some poplar and pine, has excellent soil, and is the best natural cattle pasture I know of in this section. Price: Timber, $2,000; land, $2,000: total, $4,000.

Will sell or lease either tract separately. Terms: One third cash; balance in 1, 2, and 3 years at 6 per cent, except that one note must be paid before any of the timber is cut.

The last regular battle of Gen. R. E. Lee's army was fought on this property, three days before his surrender at Appomattox, and it will at some time in the future, have great historic value. Address

T. P. SHELTON, Burkeville, Va.

Splendid Stock Farm

In Loudoun County, only two hours from Washington.

About 700 acres of the finest blue grass land, 2 miles from the station, well fenced and in a good state of cultivation. Two sets of buildings. Stone house of nine rooms with barn and necessary farm buildings; also stone house of 8 rooms, with barn and other buildings. Both are in good condition.

Partially stocked with horses, milk cows, sheep and hogs; also wagons and farming machinery, harness, etc. One house finely furnished. Price includes a portion of the crops. Immediate possession can be given of part of the property. Only $40 per acre; one half cash and the balance on easy terms.

This will make one of the finest stock farms in the county, and at a very reasonable figure. Better see it at once. - „„ n

Blue grass stock farm of 290 acres, only four miles from Leesburg, the county seat of Loudoun. Fine old brick house of 12 rooms; stable, corn crib, carriage house, etc., well fenced and splendidly watered. Price only $9,000. One third cash and balance on easy terms.

CLAUDE G. STEPHENSON, Virginia Properties.... Herndon, Va.

FOR SALE.

200 ACRES

Four and a half miles from Salisbury, N. C. on macadam road; 100 acres good timber, will cut 3,000 cords of wood or half million feet of lumber and large amount of cord wood. Good soil, well watered and will make a first-class farm. Timber .will more than pay for the land. First-class school and church on adjoining land. For price and terms, address D. W. BTJRRIGHT, Salisbury, N. O.

Tell the advertiser where you saw his advertisement.

gar and turn it into the freezer. Grate two lemons the same way. Squeeze the juice of the fruit and strain out the skins and seed; add this to the freezer, and when cold add the grated rind, which must be rubbed up with sugar enough to separate the articles. This is delicious. Sand Cakes.

With ices I usually serve these little wafers, and find that they answer every purpose, and are much less expensive than cake. Make a rich pastry dough. Roll it out as thin as possible, sprinkle over it a generous layer of sugar, with a little cinnamon mixed with it. Do not roll the sugar in, but cut out in squares, with your roller cutter. If you have no roller cutter proceed at once to get one. The square ones leave no scraps to be rolled out again, and take very much less time to do the work, and they cost only ten cents at any hardware store.

Canned Blackberries.

Pour the berries into a pan of water and pick them as quickly as possible. If you will take them up in a saucer and keep your hand under the water you will get through with almost no stain on the hands. Put them into a porcelain or granite kettle. To two gallon add one quart of water and keep them boiliug for fifteen minutes. Pour a small quantity of hot water into each can, and let them stand while the berries are cooking; pour the water out and turn in the hot berries. Heap up each can and pour a tablespoon of hot water on top. This prevents moulding. Screw up just as quickly as possible, and they will keep for years. Black Jack Jelly.

Mash the berries, either dewberries or blackberries, and strain the juice through thick cloth. A salt bag is a good thing to use. Measure it and put it on in a granite kettle. Measure the sugar, pint for pint, and iieat It thoroughly before adding it to the juice. Let the juice boil ten minutes, then add the hot sugar. Let it boil twenty minutes longer, and it is usually ready to be put in the glasses; but you will have to use your own judgment about this. This jelly is especially good for sick people, and well folks find it appetizing. Spread on cold buttered bread.

Peach Pickle. Seven pounds peaches, two pounds of sugar, four cups of vinegar, one ounce of cinnamon, broken into short lengths; one ounce of cloves, one ounce of all-spice, one tablespoon of celery seed. Boil the sugar, vinegor and spices together; pour them over the peaches and let them stand over night. Take the peaches out and heat the syrup again, after it comes to a boil; put the fruit in and cook until it is a little thick. When the syrup is done put the peaches back and let

LOUDOUN CO.,1

Blue Grass Farms

200 acres near Herndon, railroad and thriving town, on macadam road, 27 miles from Washington; 130 acres under cultivation, balance in valuable timber, well fenced; attractive, modern 9-room house in splendid condition; fine lawn, plenty of shade; beautiful view; tenant house; large barn, and all necessary outbuildings; property is being bought up rapidly in this section. Price, $15,000; $3,500 down, balance on easy terms.

330 acres 2% miles from good business town and creamery; R. R. switch

1 mile; an excellent grazing farm; 200 acres in blue grass, orchard grass, timothy and clover; 100 acres oak and hickory timber; soil heavy clay—very productive and inaiginous to blue grass; finely watered; stone dwelling of 10 rooms, fronting on beautiful grounds; 6 room tenant house; horse barn 40 by 50 feet; cattle barn 17 by 50 feet; a number of other buildings all in good condition. A very desirable farm—good neighborhood. Price $40 per acre.

300 acres, 7 miles from rail; R. F. D.; 280 acres cleared; 200 acres in grass—part fine blue grass. Springs in every field. This place can be divided into 2 farms; either place can be bought separately, if desired. 2 good houses, tenant house, blacksmith shop,

2 barns, hay houses, and a number of other small buildings; a fine orchard of apple and other fruit trees—a fine fruit section. A good stock farm. Price, $10,000.

335 acres 7 miles from rail; 300 acres cleared; 200 acres in good blue grass; good clay soil; well watered by creeks and springs; nice orchard; brick and frame house of 14 rooms— plenty of shade; barn with basement and all other necessary farm buildings; in a good section of Loudoun, surrounded by a wealthy class of land owners. Has been held at $12,000, but can now be had for $9,000, to settle up an estate. One of the best bargains in the county.

254 acres, 3 miles from rail; 54 acres in timber; an excellent sheep and hog farm; 7 room house; barn and outbuildings in good condition; very finely watered by running streams; blue grass. Price $6,300. One third down— balance to suit.

264 acres, 4 miles from station; 30 acres in timber; blue grass; artesian wells; 3 never failing springs; 7 room house, barn and outbuildings fair; a fine stock farm; paying 12 per cent, on investment; in a high state of cultivation. Price $6,500.

233 acre farm, one and a half miles from good town and railroad station. Not far from Herndon. The buildings are good. It will make a fine stock farm with a little spent on it. It is on a public road, and lies well, in a good neighborhood. The owner has Just authorized us to sell this farm for $5,575 in order to make a quick sale, as she has been compelled to go West, and can not manage it. Terms to suit purchaser. There is a mortgage of $1,000 at 6 per cent, on the farm, which runs to Nov. 1, 1908.

Stock Farms In Northern Virginia a Specialty.

To avoid possible delays, kindly write or telephone us when to meet you.

P. B. BTTELL & SON,

Herndon, Fairfax Co., Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[July,

Northern VirginiaFarms

Here Are a Few Bargains

No. 132. Contains 50 acres of smooth gently rolling:, fertile land divided into four fields; pure running stream running through the farm. The land is all in a good state of cultivation, chocolate clay with stiff subsoil. The house is a comfortable 6 room dwelling, excellent well at the porch; stable, corn house, granary, all in good condition. Farm is situated in Loudoun County on a good level road, 2% miles from the station. Price $2,000.

No. 190. Consists or Z10 acres, 188 acres cleared, 24 acres in timber; all good chocolate clay soil; fine for grass and grain of all kinds; situated in Loudoun County, 24 miles from Washington, three-quarters mile from macadam road leading into the city. Land is a little rolling, but would be considered level; fenced into ten fields; water in all the fields and the whole place is under good fence; six miles to railroad station, close to village with post-office, stores, shops, church, school and mill. Orchard consists of about 100 trees of different ages and kinds of fruit. The dwelling is an 8-room, new frame house with a good tenant house; barn 16x24; stall for 6 horses, good granary, corn house, machine house and other small outhouses. Price $5,000.

No. 191. Consists of 475 acres, 300 acres cleared, the balance in wood land, part of it in original growth oak and hickory. This land is all a heavy grass and grain soil, rolling enough to drain well; chocolate clay soil, fine for wheat and corn and permanent grazing. It has two small never-failing streams through it; fairly well fenced. The buildings are a little out of repair, but comfortable enough to live in. The farm has one 5-room house and one 6-room house, frame filled in with English brick; stable for six horses, and other small outbuildings. This is a property where, if a man is willing to dwell in a modest house, he can purchase at a bargain, make a most elegant and profitable estate; in an excellent section of Fairfax County, 20 miles from Washington, six miles from Herndon station. The land is in good condition and is making fine crops. The owner is old and wants to sell, and if it interests you, and you are ready to buy, do no delay. It can be bought on very easy terms. Price, $8,000.

Farm No. 76. Contains 243 acres, 25 acres in good timber, balance is cleared and well fenced with wood and wire fences. This farm is one of the finest little farms in Loudoun County. Every field has been limed, and the land is in a high state of cultivation. It is natural bluegrass and clover land. Two-thirds of the land is now well set in clover and will yield enormous crops next year. The farm is situated on an elevated point, on rolling ground, with a fine view of the mountains on one side, and the other side is a beautiful stretch of cultivated lands. This farm is all smooth, free from stones ana stumps, rolling enough to drain well, but would be considered comparatively level. The house is an 8-room house, perhaps 50 year old, but well preserved. Fine water. There are all the necessary outbuildings, in good condition. Horse barn with stalls for 10 horses and cattle barn with stalls for 26 head. Excellent orchard of all kinds of fruit. This farm is one mile from railroad station. Price, $37.50 per acre.

Send for my new List.

Witt. EADS MILLER, HERNDON, VA.

them get very hot. Pack into stone jars and paste paper over the tops then tie a piece of oil-cloth over it.

Cucumber Catsup.

Three dozen large cucumbers, one dozen large onions, one pint of salt. Grate the cucumbers and onions and mix the salt through them. Put all into a thin bag, and hang to drip twenty-four hours. Take the mass out of the bag and add one pint of white mustard seed, one-half tablespoon of cayenne, two tablespoons of black per-per, powdered, three tablespoons of celery seed, one pound of sugar. Thin it all out with apple vinegar, until it is about as thick as when you first grated the vegetables. Stir until the sugar is dissolved, put into bottles and seal. Fine for cold meats and fish in the spring.

Light Blackberry Wine.

One quart of juice, three quarts of water, two pounds of white sugar. Mix the sugar and water, then add the juice. Put it into a jug, set the jug in a cool place. Take care that it shall not be shaken in any way. Tie a piece of mosquito net over the mouth of the jug. Let it ferment foi six weeks, rack off and bottle, or else just stop the mouth of the jug fast, and by Christmas you will have a beautiful light wine, much better for seasoning than the richer and sweeter kind we usually make.

Caraven.

STOCK FAR

ONLY THE TRUTH.

Two tramps approached a railroad telegraph office not far from New York the other day and looked hungrily through the window but there was not even a dinner pail in sight to induce them to ask for food. One of them finally tapped on the window, and the operator left his key long enough to inquire: "Well, what can I do for you? " "Just report two empties going east," replied the tramp, with a grin, and started down the track toward New York.— LippincotVs.

"ABSORBINE IS ALL YOU CLAIM FOR IT."

Mr. Owen Mohler, Thornville, Ohio; writes under date of May 11th 190S: "I used your ABSORBINE on a horse that had a sore shoulder that had left a bunch and it entirely removed the bunch. It is all you claim for it. I would not do without it." ABSORBINE stops lameness, kills pain, removes Bog Spavins, Thoroughpins, Splints, Wind Puffs, Shoe Boils, Enlarged Glands, and similar bunches without blistering or removing the hair and horse can be used. $2 per bottle at all druggists, or express prepaid upon receipt of price. W. F. YOUNG, P. D. F., 109 Monmouth Street, Springfield, Mass.

496 acres—The best stock farm in Fairfax Co. in a good neighborhood, at only $21 per acre. 200 acres in valuable timber, mostly oak; balance in crops and grass; 11 never-failing springs. 5 miles from Clifton station, on the Southern R. R.; 7 miles from electric line at Fairfax Court House; 9 miles from Herndon on the W. & O. R. R.; 20 miles to Washington on Warrenton pike; one fourth mile from Center-ville, where there are churches, schools, mills, stores, blacksmith shop, etc.; R. F. D. at door every day; 4 miles from Bull Run battle field. Only farm for sale between Chantilly and Centerville pike. Considered the best fruit farm in this section—a large apple and peach orchard in first class condition, loaded with fruit; 20 acres in wheat; 25 acres oats; 35 acres corn; 30 acres meadow that will average 2 tons of hay per acre. If sold within 30 days, crops will go with place, without extra cost. Good clay soil; just rolling enough to drain well.

Two houses and two barns—new house of 8 rooms and cellar, and new barn, situated on main road; other house of 5 large rooms and cellar with good barn, beautifully located near the center of the farm; all necessary outbuildings; a beautiful view of the Blue Ridge mountains from this farm. The timber alone will half pay for the farm. Owner has good reasons for selling.

If desired will subdivide and sell 400 acres, including the 200 acres in timber, with the 5 room house and barn, for $6,500, or will sell tho 100 acres with the new house and barn, including the fine orchard, for $4,500.

Being so close to Washington markets makes this place very valuable as a stock farm.

Stock farms in Northern Virginia a Specialty.

P. B. BITELL & SON, Herndon, Virginia.

FARMS

For Sale.

If you want a farm to ram* grass, grain, stock, fruit or tobacco, buy from us. Chocolate soli with rod iubsoll. Address

W. W. BARNES A CO., LAND AND TIMBER AGENTS,

Amelia Courthouse, Va.

Farms, Orchards, Timber,

Cotton Lands in Virginia and the South

ALBEMARLE IMMIGRATION BO-

ciety, CharlottesTille, Va.

"In the Green Fields of Virginia. 5 "

Home* for ail; health for alii haaptMOK and Independent for alL All ateea mi Farm* at (■•rreipsidinj prleca, mmt AXI< reasonable.

MACON * CO, ORAIU, VA-

THE SOUTHERN"'PLANTEK.

643

Attentso

HOMESB3EKJGRS AND INVESTORS.

I sell and exchange Virginia Real Estate of all classes, such as Grain, Dairy, Fruit, Stock, Truck, Poultry and Bluegrass Farms, Village Homes and Business Places of all classes. The reason I make a specialty of the two suburban counties—Loudoun and Fairfax—they offer the homeseekers more advantages combined than any country known to me. This fine portion of Virginia, extending from the national, capital to the top of the Blue Ridge Mountains, is not only beautiful and healthy, but Is very accesible to Washington and Alexandria cities by rail and pike, which gives all producers a fine home market.

My facilities for locating you in this section of Virginia are second to none. State what kind of property would Interest you. I have a large number and great variety of properties, and can very likely suit you. New catalogue and map mailed free on request.

W. H. TAYLOR, Herndon, Va.

COONTRY HOMES

IN VIRGINIA.

1. A grand old place In a noted and picturesque region; 1,814 acres, part timber, part cleared; commodious brick dwelling, some modern Improvements; extended, well-shaded lawns; flower gardens; large orchards; barns and tenant houses; glorious view; perfect environments one mile from station, five miles from a city of 10,600 Inhabitants. Price, $66,000.

2. A choice home in a select neighborhood; 650 acres, arable in part and well timbered; very attractive 11-room residence, with modern equipment. Qreat bargain; $17,500.

A full description of these and other properties sent upon application.

H. W. HILLKARY A CO., Charlottesville, Va.

MARYLAND

AND

VIRGINIA

FARMS NEAR WASHINGTON.

Unsurpassed as money-makers; best place on earth for farmers, dairymen, stockmen or poultry men;j mild climate, best markets in country; highest prices; no such word as "Fail" for industrious man. Big bargains here now. 2,500 places to select from. Catalogue free. THE SOULE CO., Washington, D. C.

Largest Farm Dealers in the South.

iANTE

for sale. Not particular about location.

Wish to hear from owner only who |t

will sell direct to buyer. Give price, us

description and state when possession fvf can be had. Address,

P. DARSYSHIRE, B»i 1346 Rscl«ier, N. Y. J$

Virginia Farms

I Handsome Country Homes and HAsjtf)-Grade Farm Land* n Specialty. J. E. WHITE, "THE LAND MAN," Charlottesville, Va.

TWO "MENSAHIBS" IN INDIA. Seventh and Last Article. "Traveller." -

After three more days out at sea, we put in port at Singapore, Straits Settlements, a flourishing English colony, headquarters of the East India squadron, and one of the busiest places in the East. Here we were only one degree and a half from the Equator, and the heat was torrid. The sun heat down fierce and unrelenting, and it required an effort even to get out of our berths and dress. When we went on deck, we found the natives had taken possession. Boys and men diving from the decks for pennies. Jewelers and money changers in plaid draperies had opened business, Chinese tailors were on hand, with cool white suits, ready to wear. Malay coolies with a cloth about their loins, bared their shining, chocolate-colored bodies to the sun, moving the baggage, and various robbers beguiled us with their spurious wares. We drove up to Raffles' Hotel, one of the famous hostelries of the East, and spent the rest of the day on its ample shaded stone veranda, welcoming the sea breeze, which made life endurable.

When the sun got very low in the afternoon, we hired a gharry, a four-seated native vehicle, and drove to the famous botanical gardens, passing through the native town, where we saw a perfect riot of color which does not exist outside of the East. Red is the predominating shade, and in violent contrast to it is deep orange and the emerald green, affected by the Mahommedans. The native houses are painted bright blue. Men and women alike wear loose draperies, with rings in their ears and noses, and on their toes. The villas of the foreign residents are stuccoed in pale blue salmon or cream color, and consist chiefly of galleries covered with rank vines. Flowers bloom profusely, and avenues of palm lead through the grounds.

Beyond the city we drove through cocoanut groves, where monkeys were throwing down great brown nuts on the passers-by. Slender Malays ran up the trees and tapped the trunk for milk. Toddy, a native drink made from it, is for sale everywhere. We stopped a few minutes to visit a Burmese pagoda, dedicated to the sacred white cow which is kept stalled in it. The temple seemed to be a great gathering place. Women were sewing, children playing, and old men napping in it. Then we drove on past a miserable native village of mud huts, and near the English garrison, we stopped at the gardens. The driver wanted us to get out and walk, but it was not walking weather, so we made him drive us through. The gardens cover three hundred acres, and contain every variety of tropical plant. There are long avenues of roy-

REAL ESTATE

ANNOUNCEMENT

We make Fairfax and Loudoun Counties stock farms and country homes in Northern Virgina a specialty. This is the most desirable section, in every way, around Washington. Herndon is within one hour's ride of Washington, with excellent train service, a good pike on either side to Washington and electric cars eight miles distant.

We have some very desirable farms of all kinds, from $3,000 to $25,000, ranging from $25 to $50 per acre. There are many good investments in this part of the country, but they can not last long for they are being bought up readily by practical and foresighted people, who are coming from all parts of the country.

Kindly let us know what kind of a farm you want, how many acres you desire, and how much you want to invest in a farm, and we will send you a list of places and price lists that we think will suit you.

Hoping to hear from you by return mail, we remain,

Very truly yours,

P. B. BUELL & SON,

Box 12, Herndon, Fairfax Co., Va.

190 Acre

FARM FOR SALE.

at a bargain; well located, convenient to schools, churches and mill. Will sell at $4 an acre and give time to suit purchaser.

W. M. WATKINS, Snxe, Va.

IF YOU WISH TO locate: in

LOUDOUN COUNTY

SEND FOR

THE VIRGINIAN

Published By

DeL. S. CRITTENDEN,

Real Estate Broker,

ASHBTJRN, VA.

FINE FARM.

of about 200 acres, 1% miles from War-renton, Va., beautifully situated, fine view, fertile land, paid over $1,200 net last year, new barn, house now under improvemnt, acetyline gas plant, bath rooms and furnace heat. For further information apply to JAS. D. HALL, Jr., Warrenton, Va.

THE PENINSUIA SECTION

The Peninsula offers equally as good, if not better, advantages to the farmer than any other section of Virginia. Write us for Information.

PIEDMONT AND TIDEWATER LAND

COMPANY (Inc.),

Box P, Williamsburg. Va.

Virginia Farms.

Climate and Productiveness unexcelled. Largest sale list in State. S"or full particulars and Free Catalogue address

CASSELMAN A COMPANY,

RICHMOND, VA.

VIRGINIA FARMS

^arms of any size with Improvements. Prices In reach of all. Free Hat. PORTER A GATES, Louisa, Va.

THE SOUTHEKff PLANTEE.

Stockmen and farmers who use the Cooper Dips have healthier animals—get more wool and better prices. More than half the cloth and flannel of the world is made of Cooper dipped wool. Tanks suppli ed at cost to all users of the Cooper Dips.

■BJEEEEEimM

The leading sheep dip for 65 years. Used on over 250 million sheep every year. Kills ticks, lice, nits and eggs in one dipping. Does not stain the wool, but increases the yield and improves the quality.

Price—25 gal, pkt. 50c; 100 gal, pkt. S2.00.

COOPER'S FLUID DIP

for all animals. A highly concentrated, non-poisonous fluid dip of marvelous strength. Mixes readily with cold water, whether hard, brackish, or salty. The only pure liquid dip—no sediment. Goes farther than Coal Tar dips and therefore cheaper. Positive remedy for scab, mange, ticks, lice, ringworm, eczema, sores, bites, stings, etc. One gallon makes 200 gallons for general dipping, or300 gallons for disinfecting. Price—Qt. can 60c; H gal, can $1.00; 1 gal. can $1.75; 5 gal, can S8.50.

EEBEEHEiraEa

A sure remedy for intestinal worms in Horses, Sheep, Cattle and Hogs. These tablets offer the great advantage of correct doses and certain results. Dose—one tablet for lamb orshoat; two for sheep or hogs; three for horses and cattle. Price

—10 tablets 20c postpaid; box of 100 tablets $1.50 postpaid.

COOPER'S "LAVENE"

The most effective skin dressing for Horses, Cattle and Dogs. Cures worst case of Mange and Ringworm at one dressing. Searches the skin and attacks the disease at its root. Improves the coat | and renders hair soft and glossy. Is used by many of the best breeders in preparing animals forshow.

Price-Quart can $1.00; gal. can $3.00.

MmftUiHliMV.

Fluids V1 Winter and V 2 Summer have caused a revolution in trt-e spraying. These new and scientifically prepared spray fluids stand alone for the absolute destruction otall living insects, eggs, fungi, etc. One gallon makes 100 gallons of wash. Price—Gallon can, $3,00.

WHERE THERE IS NO DEALER

If you live where there is no dealer who can supply you with the Cooper preparations, order from Wm. Cooper & Nephews, 177 Illinois St.,Chicago, and deduct 10% from any of above prices (Worm Tablets excepted) for freight account.

G. A. KELLY CO., Pittsburg-. Pa., PURCELL, LADD & CO., Richmond, Va., or Wm. Cooper & Nephews. 177 Illinoia Street, Chicago

HEAVE S CURE D! &S**g'*«S

— | troubles. Cures Heaves, Coughs, Distemper ans Indigestion. Veterinary arts use and recommend

PRUSSIAN HEAVE POWDERS

Druggists will get them, Price 60c at dealer, 60c bj mall. Send tor Free boot

PRUSSIAN REMEDY CO.. ST. PAUL, MINI* VIRGINIA FARMS.

MINERAL AND TIMBER LANDS.

Agency-

Free list on application, established 1875. Address

W. A. PARSONS A CO.,

1527 East Main Street, Richmond, Va.

Opposite C. and O. Depot.

POULTRY FARM

for sale. I intend to devote all my time to other business and offer my farm of 87 acres in Hanover Co., Va., for sale. Write me for particulars and price. Will give a quick buyer a bargain.

FOR SALE—A new farmer's low wheel

CAL HUSSELMAN,

Highland Springs, Va.

VIRGINIA FARMS

$3 PER ACRE AND UPWARDS.

Easy payments. Catalogue Free. Loans made on country Real Estate. GEORGE E. CRAWFORD & CO., 1009 East Main Street, Richmond, Va.

Established 1875.

[July,

al palms and clumps of date and traveller's palm, the latter spreading out like a fan. and affording water to the thirsty. Flowering trees, so covered with scarlet, yellow and magenta blossoms as to hide the foliage, lined the way. The ferns, with festoons of hanging moss, grew in damp spots, and in deep, cool arbors around splashing fountains, there were collections of other tropical ferns.

Bourganvilea spread its purple masses over numerous trellises. Orchids hung from the trees, air plants and other exotics filled the greenhouses. Brilliant foliage plants and blooming flowers completed a gorgeous picture.

We returned to the city in time to attend ' Vespers at the cathedral, cooled by punkah-wallahs, or fan boys. Outside every window of the cathedral was a sleepy looking black boy, pulling slowly and mechanically at a rope, while inside, the punkahs, or fans, swinging back and forth, created a breeze. The motion is so slow and drowsy that in the heat, we nearly succumbed to it, and went to sleep. The wallahs (or boys) outside, evidently, had difficulty also in keeping awake, for the fans would almost stop at times, and then start violently again, as the boys roused themselves.

On the opposite side of the church from us, we discovered an old friend whom we had not seen for years, but we lost him in the crowd, and did not have an opportunity to speak to him. When we came out of the cathedral, all the gay world of Singapore was driving, and we got on a tram, and rode out into the country, trying to get cool. We went for miles through palm groves by the beach, which the moon transformed into fairyland on our return.

At Singapore we took on a large amount of cargo, and the donkey-engine was busy all night stowing it in the hold. We also took on two pretty horses who became the pets of the boat. As a great treat, the steward laid in a supply of tropical fruit from the market, but we could not eat it, the oranges were dry, the melons tasteless, and the bananas had a bitter scum on the outside which had to be scraped off before they were fit to eat. They were no longer called bananas, as with us, but plantains, and they grow in the greatest profusion. We met our old friend, the pawpaw, also under a new name, pa-paia, and while it is a much finer variety than grows in Virginia, there is a distinct resemblance between them. It grows much larger and under a green rind, has a deep orange meat, with black seeds. It is served and eaten with great gusto, with sugar, and crushed ice by the natives, as a dessert, or else as a salad, with Mayonnaise dressing, and in either case, makes a beautiful looking dish, but the strong turpentine flavor spoiled it for my taste. The mango is the

"RARVA" MEAT MEAL.

POULTRY FOOD.

85 Per Cent Protein, 7 Per Cent.

Fat.

ECONOMIC, PURE, APPETIZING

AND WHOLESOME.

WILL KEEP INDEFINITELY.

SACK 100 POUNDS $3.00.

JUST THE FOOD FOR GROWING

CHICKS.

Sample on Request.

RICHMOND ABATiOIR

Dept. M, Box 267. RICHMOND, VA.

Offices: Sixth and Cary Streets.

You have been fooled enough with

worthless Lice Powders.

Try the Best at our expense.

Conkey's Lice Powder

kills instantly and is harmless to the f owL

Send 5 cents for postage and get sample

and also Valuable Poultry Book FREE.

THE G. E. CONKEY CO.

428 OTTAWA SLOG., CLEVELAND, OHIO

PRACTICAL FARMING"

Prof. W. F. Massey's latest and best book is now on sale. It retails for $1.50, and is worth it. We shall be very pleased to send you a copy at above price and will include a year's subscription to The Southern Planter. Remember, we deliver the book and give you a whole year's subscription for the price of the book, $1.50. SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va.

PATENTS VM?Sh

Send sketch for free report as t« patentability. Guide Book and What to Invent, with valuable list of Inventions wanted sent free. One million dollars offered for one Invention; $16,000 for others. Patents secured by us advertised free In World's Progress. Sample free.

EVANS * WILKHNS, 848 F Street, Washington, D. O.

DEATH TO REAVES

NEWTON'S Hears,Congb,DI» temper and Indigestion Cure. A veterinary Remedy for wind, *.hroat and stomach troubles. Strong recommends, $1.00 pe? can,of dealers, orexp. prepaid. The Newton Remedy C» Toledo, Ohio.

Elizabeth City Co., Va., Apl. 15, '08. I look upon the Southern Planter as the best farm journal published for Virginial agriculturists. I read it with interest and benefit and have made helpful purchases from its advertisers. R. H. LEE.

THE SOUTHE EN PLANTER.

645

Health

for tie, ffOrfC

Loosen up his hide and his intestinal system, purify his blood, drive out the worms, gi-'e him an appetite and power to digest and

fet tbe full value of all his feed. You can, o all this by the systematic use of

PRUSSIAN

HORSE TONIC

and have your horses strong, healthy and high strung. Mix with feed. Only a small quantity required. 1,200 measures In the big pall. Price only S3.SO prepaid.

Ask your dealer for the standard remedies,

Prussian Spavin Remedy Prussian Heave Powders Prussian Worm Powders Prussian Gall Salve

Write us what stock you own and we will send you our Horseman's Hand Book Free. Write today.

PRUSSIAN REMEDY CO.

St. Paul, Minn.

ipaviiv

Cure the lameness and remove the bunch without scarring the horse—have the part looking just as it did before the blemish came. Fleming's SpavinCure(Liquid)

is a special remedy for soft and semi-solid blemishes —Box Spavin, Thoroughpm, Splint, Curb. Capped Hock, etc. It is neither a liniment nor a simple blister, but a remedy unlike any other—doesn't imitate and can t be imitated. Easy to use, only a little required, and your money back it !t ever tails-Fleming's Vest-Pocket Veterinary Adviser

describes and illustrates all kinds of blemishes and tells you how to treat them. Covers over 200 veterinary subjects. 192 pages, 69 illustrations. Write for a free copy.

FLEMING BROS., Chemist*, 280 Union Stock Yards, Chicago. DA

Seldom See

a big knee like this, but your horse may have a bunch or bruise on his Ankle, Hock, Stifle, Knee or Throat.

AJJSORBINE

will clean them off without laying the horse up. No blister, no hair gone. $2.00 per bottle, delivered. Book 8-0 free. ABSORBINR, JR., for mankind, $1.00. Removes Soft Bunches, Cures — Varicose Veins, Varicocele, Hydrocele, Kuptured Muscles or Ligaments, Enlarged Glands. Allays Pain. Mfd. only by W. F. YOUNG, P. D. F., 109 Monmouth St., Springfield, Mass.

HORSES B.^ n V B, xoVa

* a v * v ^ *-* *-* City, la. Caa cure.

fruit, par excellence, of the East, and is to be found in its highest perfection at Bombay, in June, where I am told, it can only be eaten comfortably in the bath, so copiously does the juice gush out over the eater. Those we saw were the mangrosteens, rather a rare product, but the most delicious 'of all tropical fruits. It is encased in a hard shell like a nut. On removing this you find six little sections of the fruit of the most delicate flavor, a morsel fit for the gods. Sailing on up the Straits of Malacca, with Sumatra on our right, and the Malay Peninsula on our left, we soon entered the China sea, and turned northward towards Hong Kong. The change of temperature was delightful, and a glorious full moon on the waters made up for the tropical beauties we had left behind. We were in very gay company, for the tide of spring travel towards Japan had set in, and many fashionable people from Europe were coming out. The ladies' gowns and jewels were very beautiful, and the saloon, in the evenings, was as gay as a summer resort. There were dances, band concerts and card parties daily, and all manner of fun in between, as we sailed. On the whole we felt thankful that we had accomplished our trip to India, and that it was behing rather than in front of us, for the enormous distances to be traversed there, the intense heat, and great fatigue of the trip, rendered it a very onerous one, despite the many objects of interests that enlivened it.

ROSS SILO AND ENSILAGE CUTTER.

The E. W. Ross Co., Springfield, O,. have a couple of advertisements in this issue, of its silo and ensilage cutter, to which attention is invited. This company is among the oldest manufacturers of farm implements and machinery, having been in the business since 1850. That its goods give the greatest satisfaction, is evidenced by the fact that from year so year, ih>. company continues to expand until it now does business with every civilized country in the world. It has local agents throughout this section at con venient places, and if you will write for the catalogue they will very cheerfully advise you where to go to iuspect their goods.

CAUSE FOR ANXIETY.

The baby was slow about talking, and his aunt was deploring that fact. Four-year-old Elizabeth listened anxiously.

"Oh, mother," she ventured at length, "do you think he'll grow up English? We couldn't any of us understand him if he turned out to be French!"

— March Lippincott's.

You Can't Talk

it too strong. What? = Gombault's —a

Caustic Balsam

As a Liniment

For the Human Body

Springfield. 0.., Sept. 19,1904.

Lawrence-WilliamBCo.,Cleveland,O.—Lewis Evelsiz-er, Urbana, K. F. I>., a farmer,had a bad cancer on back of his hand. "When I first saw it he was on his way to havo his hand amputated. I persuaded him to first try GOMBAULT'S CAUSTIC BALSAM, which he did, and on second application could rest well at night—the first for weeks. In less than three months he was at work on the farm. He will certify to this statement over his signature. Then Mr. Jenkins, storekeeper and postmaster at Seth, O., had a bad cancer on his cheek-bone. I saw him at a grange meeting and told him to use CAUSTIC BALSAM twice a day, rubbing it in for five or ten minutes. In three months it was healed over and is now alt sound. These two are all that I have the address of just now. I have had CAUSTIC BALSAM used on old shin sores. One man had walked with crutches for more than a year, and several pieces of bone had come out. I persaaded him to try CAUSTIC BALSAM, and today you would not know he was ever lame. Then, it is a sure cure for piles, using it with sweet oil. I could tell of dozens of caseB where I have Induced different ones to use CAUSTIC BALSAM. I have been the means or more than fifty bottles being bought, because I know just what it will do. You ••n't talk It up strong onough. I wish you success.

R. L. HOLMAN, In charge Co-operative Work of Ohio State Grang*.

Price SI-BO per bottle. Sold by druggists, or sent by ui express prepaid. Write for Booklet H.

The LAWRENCE-WILLIAMS COMPANY. Cleveland. 0.

A Humane Society

in a Bottle

Sterling, Colo., Oct. 27,1907. Dr. B. J. Kendall Co., Knosburg Falls, Vt.

Gentlemen:—I conld not get along without Kendalls Spavin Cure. Think it is the only remttly that does the work in the same time In a humane way. Yours respectfully, T. H. Bragg.

Kendall's Spavin Cure

Cures Spavin, Ringbone, Curb, Splint, Sprains, all Lameness.

Invaluable liniinent for man and beast. 81 a Battle; 6 for SS. At all druggists. Ask them for book,'"Treatise on the Horse, 1 ' or write to Dr. B. J. Ksnda'l Co., Enosburq Falls, Vt.

Use the old, reliable, standard remedy "Bickmore's Gall Cure" and beware of imitations. Every genuine package bears the above trademark of the working horse, and if you are not satisfied after using it according to directions, dealers are authorized to refund your money.

Bickmore's Gall Cure

cures open sores, cuts and abrasions of every description promptly and speedily. Does not interfere with working the animal. Try it. Sample with full directions and Bickmore's New Horse Book mailed for 10c.

BICKMORE GALL CURE CO. Boi935. OLD TOWN. Maine

ONSTAD'S'ONE APPLICATION CURES'

LUMPY-JAW CAPSULES

GUARANTEED 8®»WRITE FOR PARTICULARS

THE ONSTAD CHEMICAL CO.

101 Key Street lndianapoli3 f Ind-

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

White Plymouth Rocks

Best stock FISCHEL ! train Eggs $1.00 per setting; No birds ior sale.

a few MPSHSRE PIGS also

The black hog with white belt. Prices reasonable, S. M. GEYER, Manager, Norfo k & Western Ry. Farm, Ivor, Va.

"RINGLET"

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS

EXCLUSIVELY.

E. B. Thompson's celebrated strain. My birds won at Richmond Show, 1908, 1st and 3rd Cock; 1st and 3rd hen; 1st Prize Pen and Association's Special for Best Display in Barred Rocks. They can not be excelled in egg production. size, vigor and beauty. Beautiful lot of young stock growing. Satisfaction guaranteed. LESLIE H. McCTJE, Box 4, Afton. Va.

VALLEY FARM

BARRED R. ROCKS

S. C. B. LEGHORNS

The finest lot of young chicks 1 ever raised, fast coming to maturity, nicely marked. Correspondence cheerfully answered. Circulars free. CHARLES C. WINE, Mt. Sidney, Va.

White Plymouth RocKs! !

At Herndon Snow—"Clean Sweep."

Have mated first Cockerel with first Hen, first pen and second Pullet from this show. Can spare few eggs from this pen—$2 for 15—guaranteeing fertility. My stock is excellent.

C. M. WALKER, HERNDON, VA.

Secretary of Herndon Poultry Association.

Bargains in

Eiack Langskans

All of thiS season's breeding stock of the noted egg-laying strain, Black's Black Langshans, are now for sale at bargain prices. Also some choice young birds. A. M. BLACK, ... Tazewell, Va.

Black Langshans,

Prize-winners wherever shown. Eggs at half price balance of the season. JOHN C. ADAMS, Bristol, Vu.-Teun.

HINTS BY MAY MANTON. ■

The blouse that is slightly open at the throat is always an ideally comfortable one for warm weather, and it is so pretty and charming whenever becoming that it is quite easy to understand its extended popularity. This one is absolutely simple yet chic and graceful, while it can be made either with the V-shaped neck or a high one, as may be found most becoming. In this instance the material is one of the pretty cotton veilings with trimming of filet banding, and the waist is unlined, but it can be utilized for silk and chiffon, for almost every seasonable material and can be lined whenever found desirable. There are plaits at the shoulders that give fashionable breadth and which conceal the arm-hole seams, and the sleeves can be finished as illustrated or made long with deep cuffs, as liked. Whether the blouse is utilized for the gown or for wear with the odd waist, it will be found absolutely attractive and serviceable.

6993 Pointed Yoke Blouse 32 to 42 bust. To Be Made With V-Shaped or High-Neck, Elbow or Long Sleeves and With or Without the Fitted Lining.

The blouse consists of the fitted lining, which is optional, the front, the backs and the yoke. Both front and backs are laid in plaits over the shoulders and are gathered and joined to the yoke. The short sleeves can

SPRING BROOK POULTRY FARM. Culpeper, Va., H. H. Scott, Prop.

Breeder of Northup strain Blacn Mlnorcas, Whitman strain of Browa Leghorns, and the best Sllver-Laca* Wyandottes. Have been breeding Black Minorcas six years, always with th« best type In view. Stock and Eggs In season at very moderate prices, considering the quality. Write me tea prices and full particulars.

Glenview Qrpingtons.

S. C. BUFFS EXCLUSIVELY.

My breeding pens this year Include all my Richmond winners. Eggs will be shipped from nothing but the best. KS.59 per sitting of IS.

B. S. HORNE, KESWICK, VA.

Royal Reds—Orpingtons.

Pine yearling hens and early hatched cockerels of the best egg producing and prize winning strains of R. I. Reds and Buff Orpingtons. Large beautiful hens in excellent laying condition. Locust Mount Poultry Farms, Geo. W. Sweeting, Sharon, Harford Co., Md.

PURE-BRED R. C.

RHODE ISLAND REDS

Eggs at farmers' prices. Special rates for Incubator Eggs. Miss LIZZIE G. SMITH, R. P. D., Wellville, Va. Member R. R. R. Club.

RHODE ISLAND REDS

BOTH COMBS.

Eggs from pure-bred, high claa nock at $1.60 per 16, $2.69 per 8» and $4.60 per 60.

Also a nice home and store for salt or rent. Main building has 14 roorru All necessary outbuildings. The whol< nearly new. Write

CLINTON HENSLEY, Prop. Blktoi Poultry Farm. Elkton, Va.

TAYLOR'S

WHITEWYANDOTTES

White Holland Turkeys and White

Muscovy Ducks.

Wia where shown. Stock for sale in

fall.

R. RANDOLPH TAYLOR, Hickory Bottom Farm, Negrofoot, Va. R. F. D. -., Beaver Dam, Va.

•'EAST VIEW"

SILVER LACED WYANDOTTES.

Exclusively. Rob Biddy for woode:: hen. Eggs $1 for 15, $3 for 50, $5 tot 100, $7 for 150. Mra. V*'. S. Chichester, Aquasco, MA.

Poplar Hill Poultry Farm

Dr. H. H. LEE, Prop., R. F. D. 4,

Lexington, Va.

Breeder and shipper of Silver Laced Wyandottes. Fresh Eggs for hatching from high scoring birds, bred to lay, $1 per IS. No more stock for sale at present.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

647

Poultry For Sale,

I will sell nearly all of my flock of poultry, S. C. B. and S. C. W. Leghorn pullets and yearling hens, also all "W. H. Turkeys. Hens, $10.00 per dozen, $75.00 per 100. Turkey hens with broods of young, 1 hen and 10 poults, $5.00. I intend to manufacture incubators and brooders and must sell my poultry and farm at prices that will move them.

CAL HUSSELMAN, Highland Springs, Va.

Berger's

White Wyandottes

are winners and constant layers (trap-nest used. Special July sale of Breeding Stock at half value. Eggs, $1 per 15. Circular free.

City address, „ R. O. BERGER, 16 N. 20th Street, Richmond, Va.

S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS

20 hens and 2 cocks for sale; White Wyandottes, a few hens and cocks. Pekin Ducks (a trio). All first-class stock and at reduced prices.

WHITE POULTRY YARDS, Lorraine, Va.

MISS LOUISE V. SPENCER, Blackstone, Va.

Headquarters for Pure-Bred

R. C. Rhode Island Reds

Eggs for Hatching. Stock. Member R. I. Red Club.

Pure-Bred BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCK

(Park's Strain) and RHODE ISLAND RED COCKERELS,

April hatched, $1 each, or six for $5, up to September 1st.

FRED B. JONES, Gloucester, Va.

BARGAIN SALE Breeding btock R. C. Brown Leghorns and Barred Plymouth Rocks 10 other varieties. "Write me ^our wants and save money. f«t my big catalog, only 10c. JOHN E. HEATWOLE. Box

L, Harrisonburg, Va.

DeWITT'S PINE POULTRY CATALOG

Sixty varieties of Pure-Bred Poultry. Illustrated. Prices ©f stock and egg* upon request. Catalogue 10 ceHta. redeemable on first order.

DeWITT POULTRY FARM, Highland Park, Richmond, Va.

Small Flock

Angora Goats

for sale: 1 Buck, 9 Does, with 8 Kids; more to come. All young and unusually fine goats, pure-bred; not registered. Apply to Dr. E. L. TOMPKINS, Fine Creek Mills, Va.

single frill of lace at the edge of the cuffs, or with cuffs only.

The quantity of material required for the medium size is 3 5-8 yard of all-over lace for the yoke and cuffs, 4 1-2 yards of edging for the frills to make as illustrated; 15-8 yards of material 18 inches wide for the yoke and cuffs if high neck and long sleeves are used.

The pattern here is cut in sizes for a 32, 34, 36, 38, 40 and 42 inch bust measure.

Box plaited dresses of the sort illustrated are always becoming to the, younger girls. They give the long-lines that are so desirable, they are simple and can be laundered with ease; and they can be made from an infinite variety of materials. This one includes short loose sleeves, and is worn over a separate guimpe. In the illustration the material is white lineSn with bands and embroidered dots of Copenhagen blue while the guimpe beneath is of lawn with the sleeves and the yoke of embroidery, but while Copenhagen blue on white is a pronounced favorite of the season the little dress could be made from almost any seasonable material. Linen and other fabrics of similar weight are admirable for hard usage but the thinner daintier ones of lawn

6004 Girl's Box riaittd Dress with Guimpe, 4 to 10 years. and batiste also are appropriate; while light weight wools, such as challis, albatross and cashmere, are worn at all seasons of the year. Again, trimming can be varied to suit individual taste, and a quite different effect can be obtained as one thing or another is utilized. The

m THE STUD

The Handsome Thoroughbred

"BLUE AND GRAY"

Will stand at Snowden Farm, Stokes Station, Goochland Co., ai so at Pine-ville and Smiths X Roads, Powhatan Co on last Friday, Saturday, Monday and Tuesday of each month. Blue and Gray is a winner 7 times of blue ribbons at State Fairs and winner of in-

h7~T rab i e raC6S - He stands 16 * hands high and weighs 1,100 lbs. Fee. $10 00 insurance. For further particulars and

breeding address

DIAMOND V RANCH, Stokes, Va.

Imported Catalonian, Malyorca and Kentucky Mammoth Jacks, Saddle Horses and Tamworth Hogs.

We are the largest breeders and importers of Jacks in America

J. F. COOK & CO., Lexington, Ky.

For Sale at a

»arg£ain

Stylish Kentucky Driving- Mam io years old, with beautiful filly colt a?

lon 0t 3 8 ( 6 f 9T led M May 29th) ' by Red DIN ion dSbyb. Mare is re-bred to <?nmo horse. Besides being a prompt and fearless driver, she is hand™at ail kinds of farm work—single and don

Box £?*%?%. BEN - »ERGMAN, d p d0 0 : -Box 257, Richmond, Va.

FOR nWRGON COL TS

p?mnTii Ues A ^ d H^h-Bred Fox Hound -Puppies. Address,

Dp. JOHN D. MASSENGILL, Blountville, Tenn.

4 PURE-BRED

SETTER PUPS.

DUR a R e E ^ T( d ied fe Sfll? S vi° r Sale - S - ^

Several beautiful Shepherd Pups very fine stock on both sides. Will sell at the low price of $5 each.

One six-months' old Spayed Shepherd female at $6. A fine stock dog and a beautiful color. Satisfaction guaranteed.

W. M. WATKINS, Saxe, Va.

"Feeds and Feeding"

AND

The Southern Planter

^HWfflnnr-TfwiiBnnT-nmnaBaMwgJCTy —"—-n-M-jTn-n i n i iimmiii i ni wmwin

for only $2.25, Including delivery of? the hook This Is Professor H&nry'fi great w»rk on Breeds and Fe*dlJie Stock and is the racognlzed standard everywhere. Every one with half <Jqk«ii head of stock should have it.

Southern Planter,

Richmond, Va.

Always mention The Southern

C48

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER.

[July,

An extra fine lot of

REGISTERED SHROPSHIRES

FOR SALE.

I Offer

One 3-year-old Imported Ram, a fine individual, $35.

Eleven 2-year-old Rams, an extra fine lot, well wooled, good size, $18 to $20.

Fifteen yearling Rams, good individuals, good sized and well marked, $15 to $20.

Ten ewe lambs, $12 to $15; 20 ram lambs, $12 to $15; 2o ewes from 1 to

4 years old, $15 to $20; 6 ewes from

5 to 7 years old, $12.

All of the above stock is registered, or will be, for purchaser.

Place your order early and get first choice. 5 per cent off above prices if taken before August 1st.

A selection will be made and sheep kept for purchaser upon deposit of one fourth purchase price.

All prices F. O. B. Chestertown.

REGISTERED BERKSHIRES and POLAND CHINAS. —o— Satisfaction Guaranteed or Your Money Refunded. H. R. GRAHAM, Chestertown, Md.

S6DGEWOOD STOCK FARM

ORSETS.

Our fall lambs are now ready for you. Let us hear from you promptly this year.

J. D. ARBCCKLE A SONS,

Maxvrelton, Greenbrier County, West Virginia.

DORSET SHEEP

I have to offer, this season, some very fine Dorset Rams; prices in reach of all.

SAMUEL T. HENINGER, Burkes Garden, Va.

DORSETS.

We offer a number of flock headers in yearling, two and three-year-old Rams; no ewes to offer at present excepting a few three-quarter bloods.

J. E. "WING «fc BRO., Meehnnicsburg, O.

guimpe being separate can be made from any suitable material.

The dress is made with front and back and is closed invisibly beneath the center box plait at the back. There is a belt which confines the fulness at the waist line, and the bell shaped sleeves are inserted in the armholes. The guimpe is a simple plain one that can be made either with short or long sleeves, and which is faced to form the yoke.

The quantity of material required for the medium size (8 years) is 4 3-8 yards 24, 3 1-4 yards 32 or 2 1-4 yards 44 inches wide with 11-2 yards of banding for the dress; 11-2 yards 36 inches wide with 11-2 yards of all-over embroidery for the guimpe.

All patterns 10 cents each. Address Pattern Department.

The pattern 60'04, is cut in sizes of 4, 6, 8 and 10 years if age.

We supply these patterns at ten cents each. Southern Planter, Richmond, Va.

WARDWEIL'S LEAD THE WAY,'

YEARLING HOME-BRED RAM.

INTERNATIONAL STOCK FOOD FARM AND STABLES A MARVELOUS REVELATION TO THE

RUSSIANS. "We were called upon the other day to act as interpreter between Mr. M. W. Savage, owner of the famous horse 'Cresceus,' and Mr. Paul Wargounin, of St. Petersburg, Russia.

"Mr. Wargounin came to arrange details for buying 'Cresceus,' who was sold to Col. Chermezin for the sum of $25,000. A little difficulty was experienced at the beginning of negotiations, as Mr. Savage was unable to speak Russian and Mr. Wargounin knew not a word of English.

"Meanwhile, our Russian, like all other Europeans who boast of a good education, managed to make Mr. Savage understand that he could speak French. It was then that Mr. De-meules was requested to act as interpreter. Mr. Wargounin expressed his surprise at the limited use of French in this country. He tells us that in the many countries he bas visited he has never had any difficulty being understood in Victor Hugo's language. "Mr. Wargounin could find no words to express hlis astonishment and admiration while visiting Mr. Savage's stables at Savage, Minn. He assured us that in Europe there existed nothing to compare with them in point of view of construction, nor have they as valuable horses.

"The famous stables of the Czar of Russia and the Emperor of Germany are nothing when we compare them to those owned by the proprietor of 'Dan Patch.' : '— From the Minneapolis Echo De-

V'Quest.

Pinehurst Shropshires

In 1907 we won CHAMPION RAM at Chicago International, Michigan State and New York State Fairs, and ev«ry FIRST PRIZE at Vermont State Fair. We have the best Aged, Yearling and Ram Lambs, the best Aged Ewes, Yearling Ewes and Ewe Lambs for sale— and at reasonable prices—we ever offered, either for breeding purposes, or if you want to buy a Show Flock for the coming Fair Season, we believe we can sell you Sheep that will win at State or County Fairs.

We pay not only great care to get the BEST in importing, but even more care in selecting our breeding flock. This is undoubtedly the reason our flock has such a great reputation.

We have about 60 Rams and 60 Ewes for Sale, fit to go in any flock—besides 100 Lambs for sale.

HENRY L. WARDWELL,

Springfield Center, N. Y.

Iredell Co., N. C„ Nov. 20, '07. I consider the Southern Planter the best farm journal published in the

Largest Flock in the South.

Twenty Early Buck Lambs, sired by Imported Buck, for sale.

If you want the best sheep on

earth for Early Lambs, and well marked, buy a Suffolk.

Iv. E. HARMAN. Pulaski, Virginia.

PURE-BRED

SHROPSHIRE BUCKS

One 2-year old and nine yearlings. by Imported Buck and out of Imported ('Ewes. These are not large sheep but fine, healthy fellows, typical of the breed. and finely fleeced. S. S. HEPBURN, Kennedyvllle, Md.

CHESTER WHITES.

"The best hog on earth." Shall be pleased to fill your orders for spring

South, or in the United States for , Pi & s - M y s } oc ^ ™ A-No. 1. Satisfac-

., . ' ,. „,...„ nTn „ tion guaranteed.

that matter. THOS. RICE. I s . M . wisecarver, Rustburg, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

649

Breeders Attention!

sneeuana poms.

A limited number of high-class, registered marcs, fillies, colts, and stallions for sale, both imported and American bred.

What more profitable investment for the breeder or farmer than to raise a few colts yearly,

Address Montrose Shetland Pony Farm, Cartersvllle, Va.

MEADOW BROOK FARM

Large Improved Yorkshire Hogs

and Hampshire Down SHEEP "

at reasonable Prices. All stock registered or eligible. Round Hill, Va.

J. D. THOMAS,

THOROUGHBRED

BERKSHIRE BOARS, JERSEY BULL CALVES, DORSET BUCK LAMBS.

Sire of Calves, FLYING FOX, 65456, son of Flying Fox, who sold for $7,500 at the Cooper sale, 1902.

All stock in best condition and guaranteed as represented.

F. T. ENGLISH, Centrevllle, Md.

Tamworth Pigs

From Registered Stock of Fine BREEDING.

VOLNKY 09BURN, Bluemont, Loadeaa Co., Tt.

PURE BRED BERKSHIRE PIGS

AND

SHROPSHIRE LAMBS

OF BOTH SEXES FOR SALE AT

FARMERS' PRICES. DILLEMUTH BROS., Blackstone, Va.

STERLING HERD

REG. DUROC-JERSEYS. AND TAMWORTH SWINE

Duroc Boars ready for service. R. W. -WATSON, Peterabnrg, V*.

HISTORICAL WRITERS OF THE

SOUTH.

Mary Washington.

Article No. 2.

William Cabell Rives, "senator, diplomatist and historian," was born in Nelson county, Va,. May 21, 1793. He was educated partly at home and partly at Hampden-Sidney, and William and Mary. He studied law with Thomas Jefferson, and soon acquired a good practice. After service in the State Legislature and in Congress from 1823 to 1829, he was sent as United States minister to France from 1829 to 1832.

So highly were his integrity and abilities and his services appreciated that at the first meeting of the Virginia Legislature after his return December, 1832), he was elected to the United States Senate, which position he held till 1845. He was again sent as Minister to France in 1849, and on his return he retired for a while from public life, and devoted himself to his great historical work, "The Life and Times of James Madison," in three volumes, 1859-69, a work which he afterwards suplemented by one entitled "The Letters and other Writings of James Madison," in four volumes, Philadelphia, 1865. He also wrote a "Life of John Hampden," which was published in 1845, "Ethics of Christianity," and some minor works. He published in the course o f his life many articles, addresses and speeches.

Besides the high political offices he held, Mr. Rives was also president of the Virginia Historical Society for many years, and also a member of the Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia. He retired from public life in 1853, but the troublous state of things in advent on the breaking out of the Civil War caused him to emerge again from his retreat. He was one of the five commissioners sent from Virginia to the Peace Congress, which met in Washington on the 4th of February, 1861. In July, 1861, he was elected one of the members of the Virginia delegation to the first Confederate Congress which assembled in Montgomery, Ala., and in February, 1862, he was elected by unanimous vote to represent his district in the Confederate House, and continued in that office till the close of the war. He died at Castle Hill, Albemarle Co., Va., April 25, 1868, and there is a beautiful marble tablet in Walker's church in that county, bearing this inscription:

"In memory of one of the founders of this Church,

WILLIAM CABELL RIVES, LL. D.

Statesman, Diplomatist, Historian. Born May 4, 1793. Died April 5, 1868."

The following extract from the Richmond Whig, of that day, will show the estimation in which Mr.

Hunter of Biltmore 3d

(86,468) out of the Huntresa and by the Mammoth Loyal Lee of Francesca, is a hog of great scale, with a head that is a marvel In shortness and beauty, with a body that is long, massive and low to the ground, with as good hams, legs, and feet as any hog in the United States, and the sire of as many good pigs as any living Berkshire boar.

Hunter is ably assisted by

VALARIA 88706. a boar of great length, depth and finish, and by

EARHART'S MODEL PREMIER

one of the best sons of Baron Premier 3d., by the grand champion, Premier Longfellow.

The above mentioned boars represent the best breeding known to the student of Berkshires and mated with my famous Silver Tips and Storm King Sows, are producing pigs worthy of a place in tht best herds in America. If interested in better hogs, you can make no mistake in getting something of this breeding. Address D. E. EARHART, Nokesville, Va.

p bre% Berkshires

Are you trying to improve your hogs? No other stock pays better. I can start you right. My herd is headed by Premier Tramp and his sire. You saw him at last State Fair, won first prize in Virginia class; second in open to all, Weight 223 at 6 months old. I have for sale March and April pigs. Let me make you a bargain price on a good one or a pair. Send for circular.

E. F. SOMMERS, Somerset, Va.

HIGH-CLASS

BERKSHIRES FOR SALE

Pigs by Manor Baron 2nd, 101342, a son of Baron Premier 3rd, 76021, considered one of he best boars living. His sire sold for $2,000; Dam a little mate to Lord Premier 60001, who sold for $1,500. My sows are by such boars as Gentry's Model 55000.

Prices reasonable, quality and breeding considered.

CLINTON T. HARNSBERGER, • Elkton, Va.

THE GOLDENROD BERKSHIRES,

Daisy Girl, No. 90478, sired by Imp. Sir John Bull, II., No. 76416, farrowed ten pigs April 15, 1908. More choice <sows to farrow. Order now. Some nice August Gilts, open or bred. Prices reasonable. Only first-class Individuals sold.

Dr. J. B. TUTTLE, Cralgavllle, Va.

REG. POLAND CHINA.

Boar, Madoc Boy, for sale. Highly bred in Sunshine and Tecumseh blood.

R, V. VENTERS, Rlchlands, N. C.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

of the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Immigration.

For Sale, Excellent Stock Dorset Horn Lambs, Red Poll Bull Calf, Berkshire Boar, and Berkshire Pigs later. Address

E. W. MAGRUDER, Department of Agriculture,

Richmond, Va. i

. . BerKsKires . .

My Biltmore Sows nave a fine lot of Pigs ready for shipment at the small sum of S5 each. Pedigrees furnished if desired.

B. E. WATSON, Stuart's Draft, Va.

BERKSHIRE PIGS.

Entitled to Registration.

MAMMOTH BRONZE TURKEYS,

ENGLISH SETTER PUPS,

(Blue Belton)

My offerings are strictly first class.

MRS. G. M. WEST, Vinita, Va.

SUNNYSIDE BERKSHiRES.

Boars in service. "Premier Duke," son of Premier Longfellow; "Peerless Premier," sired by Lord Premier III., and imported "Hightide Commons." Also a number of sows rich in Premier blood. Prices reasonable.

W. R. Walker, UNION, S. C.

RARE OPPORTUNITY.

To secure pure-bred stock. Chester White. Poland-China and Berkshire Pigs; Jersey Bulls and Heifers; Lincoln, Hampshire and Shropshire Down Sheep; Scotch Collie Dogs. Variety of poultry. Send 2-cent stamp for circular. EDWARD WALTER, West Chester, Pa.

Farmington Stock Farm

(Owned by Warner Wood's estate.)

Short Morn Cattle*

Yearling Heifers and young bulls for sale at farmer's prices. Pedigrees furnished. Trains stop on farm. First station west of Charlottesville, C. & O. Ry. Write for further particulars to P. E. McCAULEY, Mgr. Birdwood, Va.

Devon Herd Established 1881. name shir* Down Flock Established 188<9.

BULLS AND EHIFKHH,

HAMPSHIRKDOWN SHEEP,

RAMS AND HWIB3.

ROBERT J. FARRIER. OraoK*. >'■»

Always mention The Southern Planter when writing advertisers.

Rives was held by his fellow countrymen:

"Last Saturday, at his residence, Castle Hill, Albemarle county, at the age of seventy-five years, the most eminent citizen of Virginia, William Cabell Rives, breathed his last. He had been for several years in infirm health, but retained sufficient mental and bodily vigor for the occupations and enjoyments appropriate to the declining years of a life rendered illustrious by learning, by public services, b y virtue, by association with the most renowned men of this and other lands, and by participation in the weightiest and most momentous events that have marked the history of the country. * * *Altogether there is not much risk in saying that Mr. Rives was, with the exception of his great teacher, Jefferson, the most accomplished man Virginia has produced."

CHARLES E. A. GOYARREi,

of Louisiana.

Amongst the most distinguished of the early Southern historians, I may mention Charles E. Arthur Goyarre, born in Louisiana, January 3, 1805. His name and family have been identified with the history of Louisiana from its earliest stages, and through all the mutations of authority under which it has existed. He was educated at the College of New Orleans, and was distinguished for his attainments there. Afterwards he pursued the study of law in Philadelphia, where he was admitted to the bar in 1829. The next year he returned to New Orleans and made his debut as author by publishing in French, "Historical Essays on Louisiana" (1830.. The same year he was elected to the Legislature of Louisiana.

In 1831, he was appointed deputy-attorney judge of the City Court. In 1835, he was elected to the United States Senate, but ill health prevented him from accepting. He made a health tour to Europe where he remained for eight years, returning to this country in 1843. On his return he was made Secretary of State of Louisiana, which position he retained until 1853. But the duties of this office did not prevent him from carrying on his literary avocation at the same time. During the years he had spent in Europe he had devoted himself to study, making historical investigations and collections in France and Spain. With the aid of the materials thus laid up, he wrote the following valuable historical works: "Histoire de la Louisiane," in two volumes, beginning with the discovery of Louisiana and coming down to 1769, when the Spaniards took possession of the colony. This work was highly praised by the French critics for its clearness, precision and impartiality, and it is an especially valuable work owing to the liberal

HVGEIA HERO

OF

FRIES BANS

Sons of

* e Pontiac

Calypso's

Son"

Dam—Pontiac Calypso,

A. R. O. 28.43 lbs.

Sire's Dam—Beryl Wayne,

A. R. O. 27.87 lbs.

We have a few very fine service bulls left for sale by this sire, and several bull calves from some of Hygeia Herd's best females.

Individuals are right; breeding is right; prices are right.

Get in the line of progress.

Write to-day for prices and pedigrees.

Address: Cro;eet,

J. B. Loomis, Supt., Albemarle Co,. Dr. W. F. Carter, Prop. Virginia.

Fine ANGUS Calves

AT FARMERS' PRICES.

Several 15-16 Grade Angus Bull Calves ready for service. Will make superb bulls for grading up herds.

Several Registered Angus Bull and Heifer Calves. Fine individuals, whose development has been pushed since the day they were dropped.

All these calves will be sold at farmers' prices. Write at once If you want one of them.

W. M. WATKINS & SON, Saxe, Charlotte County, Va.

ANGUS CATTLE.

SOUTHDOWN SHEEP.

ESSEX PIGS.

One choice Angus Cow, 5 years old; two choice Pure Bred Bulls, one and two years old. A number of Southdown Lambs, May, June and July delivery, and a few Essex Pigs for July and August delivery. L. G. JONES, TOBACCOVILLE, N. O.

Hereford Cattle

Several young, Pure-Bred Registered Bulls for sale at farmers' prices. Excellent strain and fine individuals. Also Grade Hereford Cows and Heifers. WILLIAM C. STUBBS, Valley Front

Farm, Sassafras, Gloucester Co., Va.

Please mention The Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

651

"Glenara Stock Farm"

Spring Offering

Reg. Shorthorn (dnal purpose) Ball Calves.

Res. Dorset Ram Lambs and » tew Yearling Rams.

Reg. Poland-China Boar Pigs.

Dams and sires of all breeding stock offered Imported to Virginia from England, Canada or Western United States. Farmers prices.

Address JOHN BUTLER SW4NN, Marshall, Va.

QROvE FARfl

Rrooklandville, Maryland.

P. O. Lutherville, R. F. D.; Telepnone

and telegraph, 42-K, Town.

The property or

James McK. and I. B. Merryman.

GUERNSEYS

The kind that win. Not t>eaten

In 1907. Shown Maryland State Fair, Allentown, Pa., Mt. Holly, N. J., Trenton, N. J., Richmond, Va., and Hagers-town, Md. When you buy get the best. A few pure-bred Heifers and Bull Calf dropped April 16, 1907, out of Imp. Lady Simon, by Milford Lassie II Anchor, the Bull that wins.

Our Berkshires were unbeaten wherever shown. Write for prices.

ROCK SPRING FARM

Offers for Sale

REGISTERED GUtRNSEYS

of the best strains; registered Dnroc

and Berkshire Swine; Breeding stock

and eggs from B. Rocks, Pekin Ducks,

White Holland Turkeys and Guineas.

H. T. HARRISON, Prop.

Leesburg, Va.

AYKSHIRE CAT I Lis

Young and Mature Stock AIRLIE FARM, Warrenton, Va.

■■■■ — H< , c - GROOME » , J£ E£iL—

WALNUT HI IS HERD

Reg. Angus Cattle

Yearlings and CalT«» for tale. J. P. THOMPSON, ORANGH, VA.

A Year's Subscription to

THE SOUTHERN FRUIT GROWER.

FREE. Every reader of The Southern Planter who subscribes or renews his subscription to The Southern Planter during the next sixty days I will receive FREE for the asking a f year's subscription to the Southern I Fruit Grower. Contains from 32 to ? 40 pages monthly. Devoted to i fruit growing in the South. Re- g member that you can get two k papers now for the price of one— | 50 cents. If you desire a sample s copy of the Southern Fruit Grower i write them at Chattanooga, Tenn., § and send orders to us.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond, Va.

use of original documents in its construction.

Besides the above history of Louisiana, in French Goyarre has also written in English "The Romance of the History of Louisiana." A charming book in which Indian legends, adventures, myths and personal sketches, all aptly blended, alternate with graver points of history.

"Louisiana; Its History as a French Colony," first and second series, two octavo volumes, 1851. "The History of Louisiana," in three large octavo volumes, of which the first two were issued in 1854, and the third since the war. The first volume treats of the French dominations, the second of the Spanish, coming down to 1803, whilst the third volume is devoted to American ascendancy in Louisiana, bringing it down to 1861. An enlarged edition of this work appeared in 1869. This is Goyarre's "Magnum opus." It is not a translation of his history of Louisiana in French, but is of a different cast and far more extensive, placing the author at the head of the Southern historical writers of his day. In 1866 he published the life of Philip II. of Spain, a bio-graphico-historical work, with an introductory letter by George Bancroft. It claims to be a philosophical retrospect of what was most memorable in Spain, at that period, as it was shaped by the controlling minds at the head of affairs.

Goyarre's labors have been almost exclusively in the domain of history, either direct history, or politic, political economy or historical biography. He has written two historical novels, "Fernando de Lemos (1872) and "Au-bert Duboyet" (1882); also a satirical sketch, "The School of Politics," besides articles, essays, addresses and papers on various subjects. He was an eminent lawyer, a devoted student and a gentleman of the old school. The State Library of Louisiana owes its existence to his efforts.

A NECESSITY TO ALL.

Our, readers like the rest of mankind, find it necessary to buy clothing from time to time. Just where to buy is an important question.

0. H. Berry & Co., of this city, have the largest and most thoroughly modern shop for men to be found possibly in the whole South. They handle nothing but high-class all-wool garments for men and boys, and at very reasonable prices, and if you can't call on them in person, their ad (to be found in another column) will tell you how easy it is to shop with them by mail.

Prince Edward Co., Va., Jan. 17, '08. I enjoy reading the Southern Planter for it gives good information on different subjects. It is just what a farmer wants.

H. W. SCHOMBERG.

*i G*AW)*t iHAW'.WFt RAVI

PURE BRED SHEEP

SHROFSHIRES, SOUTHDOWNS, HAMP-SHIRES, D0RSETS.

I have Choice Ram and Ewe Lambs, Yearling, Two, Three and Four-year-old Bams of all the Breeds named above and all are registered or eligible to registry.

It pays to buy Good Rams to head your herds of Sheep and now is the time to order. Have sold a number of Rams already and the early buyer gets advantage of best selection and lowest prices.

PURE BRED

CHICKENS-DUCKS-TURKEYS

I have some bargains in White and Barred Plymouth Rocks, regular $2.00 birds during July $1.50 each or $15.00 per dozen. White Leghorns, regular $1.50 birds at $1 each during July. Also many other breeds and some good Yearling Pekin Ducks at $1.25 each if unsold when order is received. Prices on application.

PURE BRED HOGS

I have some choice 2, 3, and 4 months Pigs of the following breeds. Poland-Chinas, Berkshires, Yorkshires, Chester Whites, and Tarn-worths.

Service Boars, and Bred Sows of all the Breeds Lamed above.

Let me have at least a trial order and I f«el sure other orders will follow. Write to-day and address ,

JAMES M. HOBBS,

1521 Mt. Royal Ave. Baltimore, Md. Baltimore, Md.

THE SOUTHEEN PLANTER

[July,

Want Ads.

Rates 2 cents per word. Cash with ■ Oder. Initials and figures count as ■»ne word; 25 cents minimum chars:*.

POULTRY, BTO.

SALMON FAVEROLLES, THE L.EAD-ing utility fowl, 13 eggs $4., Silver Spangled Hamburgs, Partridge Wy-andottes, Silver-laced Wyandottes, Golden Seabright Bantams, White Rocks, Cornish, Indian Games, White Pekin ducks, White Guineas, Pearl Guineas, 13 eggs |1. Buff Bronze turkeys, 11 eggs $2. Guineas and Hamburgs for sale; Hamburgs $2, male or female, trio $5. Guineas, pair $1:50 to $3. Circular 15 varieties. A. E. Parsons, Berkshire, N. Y.

MARCH HATCHED R. I. RED CHICK-ens, 50c. each. 6 weeks old chicks, 35c. R. I. Red eggs $1 per 30. $3 per 100 from prize heavy laying strain. Shady Brook Farm, Route 2, Roanoke, Va.

BARGAIN SALE—SEVERAL HUN-dred yearling hens. White, Brown, and Buff Leghorns, Black Minorcas, White and Barred Rocks, R. I. Reds, Columbian and Buff Wyandottes, Clarence Shenk, Luray, Va.

BEAUTIFUL SINGLE COMB WHITE Leghorn cockerels. Fine point comb, correct tails. One, $1.25; two, $2.00; three, $2.50. Branch A. Grandscope Poultry Range, Apple Grove, Va.

FOR SALE—HENS FROM MY BREED-ing pens. Buff Orpine-ton and White Wyandottes, $1. Rose Comb Brown Leghorns, 80c. Mrs. Frank Johnson, Route 1, Louisa, Va.

WANTED — BUYER FOR THIS

Spring's White Rock chicks. Best way to buy stock. Can spare 200. Fine female Collie, 18 months old. Pedigree. C. M. Walker, Herndon, Va.

HOMER PIGEONS—YOUNG SNAPPY pairs, guaranteed mated, banded, now on young or eggs, $1 per pair. Sidney Johnson, Boydton, Va.

WHITE WYANDOTTES—PRIZE WIN-ners and splendid egg producers. Summer cut price egg sale now on at 20 for $1.00. Sunnyside, Jonesville, Va.

BUFF ORPINGTON, B. P. ROCKS AND Silver Laced Wyandotte eggs. $1 for 15. Mrs. W. M. Jones, Crofton, Va.

LIVE STOCK.

RED POLLED CATTLE FOR SALE— "Rupert," 17738, calved Dec. 2, 1907, by Palmer 962G. Dam, Ruth 20449. A handsome, growthy, hardy, young bull. Splendidly bred. Price $100. "Bidding," 28329, calved Dec. 31, 1907. Sire, Raymond 15383. Dam, Biddie, 23170. A healthful young heifer. No better breeding. Price $50. W. B. Meares, Prop. Belvidere Farm. Linwood, N. C.

WANTED TO EXCHANGE—GERMAN Coach Stallion, LaBareh 1823, seven years old, a sure foal getter, for Aberdeen Angus or Hereford cows or heifers. Jas. M. Cassell, Wytheville, Va.

WANTED—50 TO 100 ANGORA GOATS. Give price, age, quality, and number of goats for sale. Address Snowden Farm, Stokes, Va.

O. I. C. PIGS FOR SALE—SPLENDID specimens $5 each. T. M. Wade, Lexington, Va.

WANTED TO BUY—25 TO 50 DORSET ewes. Must be free from nodular disease and from 2 to 4 years old Jo. Hardie, Brown Summit, N. C.

DUROC-JERSEYS, MOST PROLIFIC Hog bred. Virginia Dare 34800, farrowed 47 pigs in one year, 88 in six litters. I have now some as pretty as you ever saw from this noted breeder with pedigree to register. Clarence Shenk, Luray, Va.

"MONEY PANIC PRICES." I WILL sell all my pure bred Duroc Jersey Pigs at panic prices. My loss, your gain. This is a rare bargain. Don't miss it. Satisfaction guaranteed or your money returned. L. G. Blank-enship, Box 202, Roanoke, Va.

WANTED—50 TO 100 ANGORA GOATS. Give price, age, quality, and number of goats for sale. Address Snowden Farm, Stokes, Va.

TO SELL, AFTER JUNE 1, 1908, 30 good breeding Ewes and one Shropshire Buck. J. A. Spears, Nellwood, Va.

PURE-BRED COTSWOLD YEARLING Rams of 175 to 200 lb. carcasses and 20 lb. fleeces. Yearling ewes to be bred to Impored rams. E. C. Legge, Kent Island, Md.

FOR SALE—TWO BRED SOWS AND one boar—registered Poland-China, The three for $45. Also 22 head of sheep and lambs, price $50. Address H. J. Woodward, Clayville, Va.

FOR SALE— ONE RED POLLED BULL calf of good breeding, eligible for registry, pedigree given on- request. Terms reasonable. T. C. Morton; Rice Depot, Va.

BERKSHIRE BOAR PIGS OUT OF registered sows, sired by my boar, Lee's Duke, three months old, $5.00 each. If registered, $6.00 each. S. Burwell,' Jr., Kittrell, N. C.

DORSETS—YEARLING BUCKS $15.00. Ewes $12.00. Lamb Bucks, $12.00. Ewes, $10. Large quantities less, all eligible to registration. L. P. Nelson, Culpeper, Va.

FOR SALE—Registered Jerseys—FINE young bull, two heifers and two calves. Also registered Yorkshire Swine. Riverside Park, Morganton, N. C.

FOR SALE—SOME PURE-BRED O. I. C. Pigs, 8 weeks old at $4 and $5 each. Dr. L. A. Hauser, East Bend, N. C.

SALISBURY, FOURTH—REGISTERED Hereford bull for November delivery. Price $75. L. P. Nelson, Culpeper, Va.

BEFORE BUYING YOUR BERK-shire Pigs write me for my prices and breeding. It will pay you. Dr. Charles G. Cannady, Roanoke, Va.

SHROPSHIRES BY DAVISON'S 1825. Shearling Rams, $10 to $12; Ram Lambs, $8 to $10 each. Edward Ray, Danville, Va.

PURE BRED BERKSHIRE PIGS FOR Sale. $5 each. Satisfaction guaranteed. J. H. Colvin, Wolftown, Va.

GENTLE PONIES FOR CHILDREN— Pony Stallions, Shropshire Bucks, J. M. Cunningham, Brandy Station, Va.

\

WANTED—50 TO 100 ANGORA GOATS. Give price, age, quality and number of goats for sale. Address Snowden Farm, Stokes, Va.

STOCK FOR SALE—THE VERY LOW prices given below will be withdrawn on all stock not sold this month In order to include it with other stock to be sold at auction. Yorkshire hogs: The Duke of Warwick, an exceptionally fine boar, two years old in August, $18. Eureka Rose, 16, a very fine sow, has farrowed and raised 45 pigs without losing one, $23. Gilts from Eureka Rose 16, by Eureka Baron 15, $9 each. Lady White 1, and Lady White 2, young sows which have proven to be excellent mothers, $15 each. Pigs by the Duke of Warwick from the above sows, $5 each. The sows have been bred to the Duke of Warwick.. Shropshire Sheep: Fourteen very fine grade Shropshire ewes two years old next spring. Cost $7 each last fall and have never been bred. Jersey Bull: A very handsome Jersey bull two years old in October, sire, Idaletta's Knight; Dam, Tecks Primula. H. D. Coleman, Ivy Depot, Virginia.

REAL HSTATH.

FARMS FOR SALE.—YOU WANT bargains. So does everybody. We help you find them. Here is one. There are many others. Send for catalogues or better come and see. 135 acres, 95 acres meadow and good lying, well-watered, fertile, tillable land, balance timber. House, two barns. iy 2 miles to village, $9.00 per acre. Farm must be sold to settle estate. Hall's Farm Agency, Owego, N. Y.

■ -' ~"N

WANTED: TO EXCHANGE $10,000 citv property for No. 1 stock, fruit and grain farm in Blue Grass region of Va., Md., W. V.a., or Tenn. Or for timberland that will make a farm. Want 250 to 500 acres and will pay difference if farm is worth it, must be in locality free from malaria. Box 66, Kendalia, W. Va.

WANTED—TO RENT OR WORK ON Shares—Fine Farm on Dan river, close to fine market for milk, butter, etc. and all farm products. Good buildings, etc. Station on farm only a few hundred yards from dairy barn. A bargain for the right man. For particulars address Oak Hill Stock Farm, Wenonda, Va.

SMALL AND LARGE TRUCK FARMS for sale, quick and productive soil; climate equitable, vegetables growing and shipping summer and winter. Write for particulars. S. A. Woodward & Co., Real Estate Agents, Norfolk, Va.

WANTED—A FARM FOR RENT. 40 to 100 acres for milk and dairy purposes, located within one mile of city with 10,000 population or more. V. B. Care Southern Planter.

CHEAP LAND WHERE INVALIDS get well without medicine and raise $200 in fruit per acre. Eden Fruit Colony Company, Dewberry, Harnett County. N. C.

EXCHANGE FOR FARM—HOME AT Virginia Beach, dwelling, store attached, outbuildings and one acre or land. P. H. Stone, Lambert's Point, Va. .

FOR SALE—FINEST KEPT COUNTRY Store in Va. Established 12 years. Good business. Stock $4,000. Address "Extra," care Southern Planter.

BARGAIN GRASS FARM, 269 ACRES, three miles of Warrenton, Va. Eight fields. Dwelling, outbuildings, etc. L. P. Nelson, Culpeper, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

653

POSITIONS-HELP.

WANTED—A WORKING MANAGER to run 200 acre farm on shares. Teams, modern farming implements, etc., will be furnished. At present run as a dairy farm. Usual crops; grain and forage now under cultivation. Location excellent neighborhood, public schools and churches twenty minutes of Richmond. Exceptional opportunity for a reliable, energetic man who can take immediate charge. Address Belmont, care this office.

"MOTHERS ONLY" GIVE YOUR BOY or girl a handsome present without costing you a cent. Just send me youi; name and I will send you 24 Jewelry Novelties. Let the children sell them at 10 cents each. Return me the $2.40 and I will send you a nice premium selected from my catalogue. I send the jewelry on credit, so send for it at once. LeRoys Bargains, Box 202, Roanoke, Va.

POSITION WANTED ON STOCK FARM A young man 27 years of age, who was employed on stock farm for 6 years likes to get a position on a stock farm in Virginia as working foreman. Please address V. W., care Southern Planter.

POSITION WANTED AS SUPERIN-tendent on stock farm by experienced man. Good knowledge of veterinary work, care of young stock, and all details of farm management, highest references as to character and ability. A. B., care Southern Planter.

WANTED—BY PRACTICAL NEW Jersey farmer, single, 45 years of age, with reference, position as manager or foreman of large estate or farm. Can keep accounts. Address New Jersey, care Southern Planter.

A PRACTICAL AND EXPERIENCED farmer wants a farm on the shares, where stock and tools are furnished. A place where effort and brains are in demand and will be appreciated. W. B. Vandivier, Harrodsburg, Ky.

WANTED— SOBER, INDUSTRIOUS,

white man on farm, able to handle machinery, one with boys preferred. House wood, garden and cow pasture furnished. Address Box 196, Charlottesville, Va.

WANTED—SINGLE MAN 35 or 40 years old as a truck gardener and who can care for poultry and cows; will pay salary and board; no objection to foreigner who speaks English. Address with references, Jos. L. Baker, Route 4, Norfolk, Va.

"LADIES ONLY." I WANT LADIES to sell the best corn plasters on earth. I send you the plasters on credit and give you half the money. Write for them at once. LeRoys Bargains, Box 202, Roanoke, Va.

MISCELLAinEOTJS.

WANTED—CORRESPONDENCE WITH man having capital with a view of establishing a market poultry and egg farm. High interest on money so invested. Have had many years successful and practical experience. Have No. 1 references from past and present employers. Those meaning business address P. L. W., care Southern Planter.

FOR SALE—A NEW FARMERS' LOW wood wheel handy wagon of 6,000 pounds capacity. Only used twice to move two boats. Have no further use for it. Cost me $41. Will take $25. W. E. Thomas, Nassawadox, Northampton Co., Va.

FOR SALE CHEAP—COW OR FIELD Peas. I have several hundred bushels each Whippoorwill and Blue Goose and other varieties. Wire or write me for prices and samples. J. T. Walker, Memphis, Tenn.

IRICHMONO

W£SD

VIRGINIA

Lumber, Laths, Shingles, Sash, Blinds Doors, Frames, mouldings, Asphalt Roofing, Yards and buildings covering ten acres. Woodward & son, Richmond, Va.

SPECIAL OFFER ON FIRST ORDER for our new style automatic gate m any county. Address, with stamp.

^r«l? V n,? ate C T om P an y. 272 Huron Street, Chicago, 111.

FOR SALE—AN ALMOST NEW OHIO 11-inch feed cutter with elevator. Complete with either hand or blet power. Price $30.00, which is a little over the cost of the elevator. W E Thomas, Nassawadox, Northampton Co., Va.

W 4^ E P.-I TO BUY ALL KINDS Wild Birds and Animals, particularly Tame Deer, Wild Turkeys, White Squirrels, Peafowl, Otters, Red Foxes, Grey Squirrels, Partridges Pheasants, Beaver. State price when writing. Dr. Cecil French, Naturalist, Washington, D. C.

HOUSES, BROODERS, COOPS, TRAP Nests, made to your plans, knocked-down style, or will submit our designs, cheaper than you can have done at home. No order too small Hart Poultry Plant Mfg. Co., Apple Grove, Va.

FOR SALE—COLLIE PUPS FROM registered stock. Nice ones. Wishaw Clenker strain. Males $5. Females, $2.50. Wm. Sheppard, Front Royal, Va.

COLLIE PUPS FROM PRIZE WINNING imported stock $5 to $7 each. Fine brood females $10 to $15 each. Shady Brook Farm, Route 2, Roanoke, Va.

COTTON SEED HULLS FOR SALE— The best and cheapest Cattle Feed known. $7.50 per ton delivered Richmond. Write for particulars. South Atlantic Oil Co., Darlington, S. C.

WANTED TO BUY—CONFEDERATE postage stamps, new or used on old envelopes, also United States and foreign collections. Smith, 507 W. Bridge St., Grand Rapids, Mich.

"MERRY WIDOW HATS" ARE NOT half as pretty as my souvenir post cards. They are beauties and only 10 cents a dozen. LeRoys Bargains, Box 202, Roanoke, Va.

FOR SALE—CREAM SEPARATOR.— DeLaval Baby No. 1. Does perfect work. Will sell cheap. Address W. B. Gates, Rice Depot, Va.

FOR SALE CHEAP—NEW 3-HORSE McCormick Corn Harvester and binder. Cuts eight to ten acres per day. Address J. W. Spivey, Lewiston, N. C.

CYPHERS NO. 0 INCUBATOR IN GOOD working order. Price $5. Geo. H. Thomas, Fork Union, Va.

, WANTED—STUMP PULLER. STATE kind, condition and price. G. M. Voorhees, Amelia, Va.

BELGIAN HARES FOR SALE. THREE months old, $1 per pair. Homer A. Yoder, Denbigh, Va.

HIGH BRED AND HANDSOME Scotch Collie pups for sale, sable and white. Price $5 each. T. M. Wade, Lexington, Va.

CLUBBING LIST

In this list will be found prices on. papers, magazines and periodicals which are most called for by our readers. We have club rates with aearly all reputable publications, and will quote them on request. DAILIES.

WITH ALONE S. P.

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va $6 00 $6 00

Times-Dispatch (without Sunday) 4 00 4 00

News-Leader, Richmond, Va 3 00 5 00

The Post, Washington D. C 6 00 6 00

The Sun, Baltimore, Md.. 3 00 3 40 THRICE A WEEK.

The World, New York 1 00 1 25

WEEKLIES.

Times-Dispatch, Richmond, Va l 00 1 25

Southern Churchman, Richmond, Va 2 00 2 25

Central Presbyterian, Richmond, Va 2 00 2 25

Harper's Weekly 4 00 4 00

Breeders' Gazette 2 00 1 50

Country Gentleman 1 50 1 76

National Stockman and Farmer 100 100

Hoard's Dairyman 1 00 1 30

Memphis News-Scimitar... 50 75 SEMI-MONTHLY.

Kimball's Dairy Farmer.. 1 00 75

MONTHLIES.

The Century 4 00 4 25

St. Nicholas 3 00 3 25

Lippincott's 2 50 2 50

Harper's Magazine 4 00 4 00

Delineator 100 140

Harper's Bazaar 1 00 1 40

Scribner's 3 00 3 25

American 1 00 1 35

Cosmopolitan 1 00 1 35

Everybody's 1 50 1 75

Munsey 1 00 1 35

The Strand 1 20 1 50

Argosy 1 00 1 35

Review of Reviews 3 00 3 00

Field and Stream 1 50 1 50

Woman's Home Companion 1 00 1 25 Reliable Poultry Journal.. 50 75

Industrious Hen 50 75

Poultry Success 50 75

Blood Stock 50 65

Successful Farming 50 60

Amer. Fruit and Nut Jour. 50 75 Southern Fruit Grower.. 50 85

Shepherd's Criterion 50 75

Commercial Poultry 50 75

When two or more publications are wanted, the price for them can be found by deducting 50 cents from "price with Southebn Planteb."

We cannot, under any circumstances, furnish sample copies of other publications.

We will cheerfully quote our best price on any line of publications submitted to us.

THE SOUTHEKN PLANTEK.

[July,

Ft. Lewis Stock Farm

THE BEST PLACE FOR BLOOD AND REGISTERED

BEEHSHIRES

White Leghorn, all breeds of Plymouth Rock, Black Minorca and Rhode Island Red Fowls. Eggs from these pure-blooded birds for sale.

DR. W. L. NOLEN, PROPRIETOR, SALEM, VA.

THE ENGINE QUESTION—A TIP.

It is no longer a question of whether or not the farmer needs an engine— he has already been assured of the many advantages of having a good engine handy for almost any kind of work. But there seems to be a growing tendency on the part of some of the manufacturers to make engines to sell rather than to give good service. This naturally puts the farmer on his guard, but most of them a~e dealing with the old reliable concern—the International Harvester Company of America.

The engines this company distributes are manufactured on correct mechanical lines. They are required to be of the highest order. That implies not only correct principles, but materials best adapted to uses, and workmanship that cannot be surpassed.

The principles were carefully worked out and tested before manufacture began. The record of service of the engines at work has abundantly established their correctness, as well as the excellence of materials and workmanship.

One of the greatest things that has been accomplished is dependability, a positive response of the engine whenever called upon. An engine that can-xiot be depended upon to start quickly and positively is of little value anywhere, especially to the farmer whose power jobs require frequent, stopping and starting.

Smooth, even running and generation of the full rating of power are other features that are next in importance to dependable starting. Then comes the simplicity and ease of control for which these engines are noted. And lastly, economy. The engines are adapted to the use of gas, gasoline, or denatured alcohol for fuel. Well posted power men agree that whatever the fuel, the minimum is consumed for the power delivered

The engines are made in several styles and range in size from one to twenty-five horse-power. A letter direct to the International Harvester Company of America will secure catalogue and the information you desire prompt!}.

Pittsylvania Co., Va., Jan. 4, '08.

The Southern Planter is the best of its kind I ever saw. It is interesting to both young and old.

W. E. HIGHFILL.

Glenburn Berkshires.

Lorvi Premier and Premier Longfellow are dead, but we have their btit sons. Our LOAD PttMMIER III. is not only a son ef Lord Premier, but is ■> litter mate to Lord Premier II. and a brother In blood to Lord Premier's Rival. Our PREDOMINANT and DOMINANT are probably the best sons of Premise Loagfellow. IMP. LOYAL HVKTBB Is a great individual. We havo Lor« Premier, Premier Longfellew, Masterpiece, Charmer's Duke 3TXITT., and las imported saws. . . ..uu&d&B

FORFARSHIRjB G9LDBN LAD JHRSBTS.

Writ* tor Catalogue.

Dr. J. D. KIRK, Roanoke, Va.

MOORE'S BROOK BERKSHIRES.

If you want some of the very best and most fashionable Berkshire blood, at prices that you can afford to pay, and at the same time get some stock of outstanding Individual merit, we can supply your wants. We offer 10-weeks-old Pigs by British Lord, King O' the Brook and Rival's Premier, out of superbly bred sows, at $10 to $26. Simply tells us your needs and we will promptly quote.

Will also sell two of our herd boars—

British Lord and King O' the Brook—as we will shortly be unable to use

them further. A rare opportunity here.

MOORE'S BROOK SANITARIUM COMPANY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA,

GREAT BERKSHIRE OFFERING. H

Scores upon scores of Fancy Dandy Berkshire Spring Pigs now about ready for shipment. Price and safeguards for customers are made perfectly satisfactory.

My experience with pigs reaches b xkwarfi forty-one years. I give all my time and attention to the business. I realize the policy, aside from principle, of having satisfied customers. If you want fancy breeding, accompanied with individual merit at popular prices, write me, as I have some of the blood ef all the Grandees.

THOS. S. WHITE A £*38533& s £2££ Lexington, Va.

Buy some genuine Pekin Duck Eggs from me at $1 for 12 and thereby get on the road to fortune.

IF YOU WANT THE

Buy from those who give their sole attention to the production of the greatest Berkshire Type.

WB DO.

Our herd comprises the most splendid lines of breeding and Individuals

that money can buy or experience develop in American and English Bred

Berkshires. 1 'i •»(

"LORD PREMIER OF THE BLUE RIDGE," 103555, the greatest living

boar, heads our herd. If you are interested write.

THE BLUE RIDGE BERKSHIRE FARMS, ASHEVILLE, N. C.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

655

yldewood Farm Jerseys

Herd numbers 300, including some of the finest the island has pro duced, headed by the great sire Stockweli, whose abbreviated pedi gree is given below, .......

"^wpwrasfs

■

. ;i<rv : ':v:

.!:::. : ... . .... . .

f Mm

Oxford Lad, P. % 123 H. C. '

f Flying Fox, 81441.

( Golden Fern's Lad, P. 2189 H. C 1 Sultan'e Rosette, 149749.

StoekwcH, i

( Count Welleeky, P. 928 H. C„ Oxford Laao, P. 8582, H. C, J

1 Oxford Primrose, P. 2SES C

Dam ,. Golden Leda, P. 8000 H. C, ,-

f Boyle, P. 1559, H. C. f Golden Fern'e Lad, P. 2169 H. C. J

I I Golden Fern, P. 4711 H. C

i

I Leda, P. S6$8 H. a

| Golden Pearl, P. 1975 H. C. I Eminence, F. 7124 H. &

For Particulars of Offerings, General Information, etc., Address

tyidewood Farms, Fredericksburg, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

PUMPING WATER WITH RAMS.

Whoever is in need of a water supply plant and finds, upon investigation, that their surrounding conditions are suited to the use of the hydraulic ram. may be considered fortunate. Because where the use of an automatic ram is practicable, there is no doubt as to its efficiency, depend-ableness and economy of service. And with the perfecting of the Rife Automatic Ram a few years ago, the scope and adaptability of hydraulic pumps were greatly broadened.

So powerful and so mechanically perfect is the Rife Ram being made that the large sizes, with capacities up to 1,000,000 gallons a day each ; are giving a satisfactory service as are the small sizes used for farm, ranch, country estate and other such purposes.

The principal reasons whv hydraulic rams are used for water supply power where possible are that they are easy to install, pump continuously without any attention or expense, and are comparatively low in cost.

A Rife Automatic Ram has practically no wearing parts, the valves being the only parts that mav need replacing, and even that only once in about two years—and it is very simplj done. Otherwise, as the manufacturers say, "A Rife Ram never stops." Because the large air cushion of the ram is positively air-fed at every -stroke, which maintains ample pressure constantly, insuring continuous action.

[July,

The condition necessary to make •the use of a ram possible 5? that one have water in the form of a stream, spring or pond within a mile of where •the water is to be stored for use. Then the ram must be placed so the water can fall to it. A. Rife Rani will operate when the water falls only eighteen inches, but. of course, the further the water falls, the. further and

What's Wanted Here ?

A good reliable tonic that will keep this litter free from worms, keep them healthy, increase the appetite, increase the digestion, increase the power of the 6ystem to assimilate and appropriate more food, keep them in a growing condition, get them to market forty days sooner and get bigger hogs. Yon can do all

aa PRUSSIAN STOCK TONIC.

The gain will cost less than a tenth of the feed yon save or what yon make in extra weight. Prevents cholera and Other disease. "A Wonderful Flesh Producer. 1 * Hogs gain 3 lbs. a ds ych .

John Berbers, one Of my customers, fed Prussian Stock Tonic to bis hogs that be was fattening and weighed them several times while feeding It, and they made an averaga gain of three pounds per day to each hog. Conrad Meis, Templet on, Iowa,

25 lb. Pail, Over 1200 Feeds, at Dealers or Prepaid.

Hoes safe from Cholera If Prussian StockToniois fed regularly and pens disinfected with Prussian Knapo-Curo. IF YOU LOSE ANY HOGS AND have been using Prussian Stock Tonic for thirty days as directed and disinfecting with Knapo-Curo, WE WILL REFUND for all the Prussian Stock tonic used. Knapo-Curo kills hog lice and all germs. Send for our bookand direction, they are Free. Mention

this paper when writing. p RUS8 | AN REMEDY CO., St. Paul, Minn.

Manufacturers of Prussian Hog Worm Powders, Heave Powders, Etc.

Brompton Stock Farm.

Several two year old Jersey heifers, calves by side, of superior quality. Two year old Jersey bull and a yearling Jersey Bull—all of Golden Lad strain.

Also a fine lot of high grade Guernsey and Jersey heifers, one and two year old. These heifers are from first-class cows and will make superior dairy cows.

Berkshire Pigs not akin. Collie and Pox Terrier puppies—all of above ready for shipment. Come and see them.

M. B. R0WE & CO, Fredericksburg, Va.

FOR SALE!

SIX BERKSHIRE GILTS.

PINE INDIVIDUALS.

TWO BOARS.

Forest Home Farm, ^JKfc 1 *

DliOI JtKHHIILllI DIMIIS—Sionnns—S1HPSIIBU.

DTJROCS are the most prolific hogs on earth. The smallest litter farrowed last spring was ten, the largest litter fifteen, the average 11 8-10 pigs to the litter for our entire herd. The Duroc fattens at any age, and will make as many pounds of pork for a given amount of feed as any hog on earth. We have the largest herd in the East—Ohio Chief, Orion, Beat Him If You Can, Top-Notcher, Comodore and Colonel blood. Pigs from eight to twenty-four weeks old, service boars, gilts, and sows in pig, for sale.— two hundred in all.

Polled Durham and Shorthorn cows and heifers and Scotch and Scotch topped bulls for sale at low prices.

A few extra good registered Shropshires for sale.

LESLIE D. KLINE, Vancluse, Vn.

TELL, THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

1908.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 657

ORVEN PARK

The Property of WESTMORELAND DAVIS. Esq.

RegisteredDo rset Horn Sheep.

Dorset Horns are one of the oldest and most valuable English breeds. Unrivalled for fecundity, early maturing and the production of early lambs. They are adapted to all climates and possess hardiness of constitution so essential to the improvement of the grade flocks of this country. In their pure state they are the producers of the early lamb—the most profitable phase of sheep raising. For crossing purposes they have no equal, and even on grade ewes the result is marked in the strong, vigorous and easily fattened lamb and the earlier season the lambs will wean. Dorsets are the best feeders, heaviest milkers, carry a heavy fleece of compact wool and produce mutton of the highest quality.

The MORVEN PARK FLOCK of Ewes was founded on selected Ewes from the choicest of the English flocks. They are remarkable for their even and family likeness, their great size and substance, their hardiness and robust constitutions. They are very prolific—each season dropping a high percentage of twins and triplets are not uncommon. Their milking qualities are unsurpassed.

The Service Rams are chiefly imported Engl ish Royal Winners, and some have been shown in America—in each case taking all the firsts.

At the Virginia State Fair, 1907, the flock won two championships, two reserve championships, eight firsts and seven seconds.

We are now booking orders for fall born Ram Lambs for June delivery. They are a grand lot— full of quality and true type with grand substance and bone. They are not forced, but kept growing to be fit for service this season and will weigh from 110 to 130 pounds, averaging 120 pounds at six months.

ALSO BREEDERS OF

Improved Large White Yorkshire Swine

AND

Registered Guernsey Cattle.

Addiresfl

LIVE STOCK DEPARTMENT, MORVEN PARK,

LEESEURG, LOUDOUN CO., VA.

C58

THE SOUTHE EN PLANTER.

[July,

higher the Ram will deliver the water. These rams operate successfully under any fall of water, from eighteen inches to fifty feet, and they raise water twenty-five to thirty feet for every foot of fall allowed them. In ether words, if the supply of water falls five feet into the ram, the ram raises water to a height of 125 or 150 feet, and maintains an efficiency of from sixty to ninety per cent.

A great advantage in connection with these rams is that they are "double acting"; that is. impure water may be used to operate them, and they will deliver spring water or pure water to the supply tank.

The Rife Engine Company, 2113 Trinity Building, New York City, who manufacture and seii the Rife Ram, give a signed, binding guarantee with each ram that it will perform the work just as represented when properly installed, and they further agree to place one with any responsible party on thirty days' free trial.

This comapny has published a catalogue which is a very instructive book along the lines of water supply, and we know they will be pleased to send a copy, postpaid, to any of our interested readers. This firm eitner sell their rams alone, with simple but complete instructions for installing, or they will undertake the arrangement of a complete water supply system and guarantee results.

Jerseys

CAN VIRGINIA MAKE HER OWN

SUGAR? At the present time there is considerable interest in sugar beet cultivation in Virginia, largely owing to the efforts of the Norfolk and Western Railway, which has employed a beet-sugar expert to instruct farmers in the methods of raising the crop. We have just received from the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, Circular No. 1, "Sugar Beets in Virginia," by Dr. W. B. Ellett. This circular gives the results of several year's work. The conclusion reached is that sugar beets cannot be grown profitably, except as a stock feed, in Tidewater and the lower portions of Pied-mont Virginia; but there is a possibility that the Valley and the Southwest may be able to raise beets sufficiently rich in sugar to make the industry profitable. A cool and moist summer is needed to develop sugar in beets. Only the western part of the State, owing to its altitude, can supply these conditions. At Blacks-burg, in Montgomery county, a yield of thirteen tons per acre was secured, analyzing 12 per cent, sugar. It will take two or three seasons more to fully determine whether it is practicable to introduce this new industry. If it is demonstrated that beets of sufficiently high tonnage per acre and sugar content can be grown, there is further to be considered the big questions of labor and transportation. Farmers in western Virginia are urged

We are offering at attractive prices 10 HEIFERS UNBRED; 5 BRED HEIFERS; 4 BULLS, THREE OF WHICH ARE OUT OF TESTED DAMS. Write for careful description and pedigrees. .

Chicks for sale at reasonable prices froin one month old to partridge size. Barred and White Rocks, Brown and White Leghorns.

We are now booking orders for spring pigs by LEE PREMIER and KING HUNTER (Imported).

All our prices are unusually low. Our stock is the best that can be produced. Absolutely healthy.

Just a postal card stating what you are interested in will bring you full particulars.

BILTMORE FARMS, R. F. D. No. 2, Riltmore, N. C.

JERSEY CATTLE

The beat herd 1m the -svortd. Headed by tvro bulla that eaat ovesr fle\08$ eaeh. BOTJLS Aid) HKIP'KRS for Bale.

Alao mn ©HFE&fGTON FOWLS, the best ajeaeral •nraea* brea#« COaUriSH IKBIAJff ©AMBS, the beat table fowl* WHITE) LBGHORHS. the warUPa creataat layers.

For particulars, aadreaa BOWMONT FARMS, Salem, Virginia,

—OF"—

; MOLSTEm-FRIESmNS.

A working herd—working every day in the year. During April we milked

Five mature cows. Eight heifers with second calf. Six heifers with first calf. (Six out of the nineteen are due to freshen before the 15th of July.)

Total number milked 19

♦Total number of gallons per day 80

Ber cent, of butter fat 4.2

BULL CALVES FROM 2 TO 8 MONTHS CLD FOR SALE.

JOS. A. TURNER. General :«a»a*.' Hollins Institute, Hollina, Va.

♦During May the same herd milked 81 gallons per day.

I offer my services as * Stock 3sueBm<m to the breeders of the Hast In flfWHR »*, I will Bay that I hare ?qulpp<w cayuelt 'Joth by Hat-ltus taken a course Jtftj Jojm* 'Jstioaal School of Auctioneering, and by >«&nt of breedlni? ana selling Pedigreed BUM*. I make a specialty of Pedigreed Sale*.

If I may be permitted to may it, !! will suggest that I balleve I cab renfiM

Coders better Berries than [talesmen residing in remote parte of th« country, as l «w

•JaoroMhly familiar with conditions obtaining Sn this ueetioa. Then, too, I WLH

] probably aot be qtiKe as expensive as to railroad fare, etc, and baalaeo, l noun fare

satisfaction er I make no cnarge ?er my services.

Write me or 'phase me via WSaahsateir ever Southern Ball Phono far Prompt attention assured.

Roy P. Ouvall,

Stephenson, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

659

WOODSIDE BERKSHIRES

EVERYTHING SHIPPED ON APPROVAL.

IT;WILL PAY YOU TO READ THIS CAREFULLY.

We are now offering a grand lot of Pigs sired by our three boars—Charmer's Premier, 94553, 1-year old, weight 550 pounds ; Master Lee, 79o79, 2-year-old, weight 760 pounds ; and Lustre's Carlisle, of Biltmore, 72057, 3-year-old, weight 790 pounds, and out of royally-bred sows weighing from 500 to 600 pounds each. Also some extra good Young Boars from 4 to 8 months old.

We can always furnish pigs not akin. In order to show our confidence in what we offer and insure satisfaction to our customers, we ship everything on approval. You need not send check until after you receive the pigs, and if they are not entirely satisfactory in every respect, you can return them at our expense and it costs you absolutely nothing. We leave it to you whether this is afair proposition. Address

WOODSIDE STOCK PARH, R. S. Farish, Prop., Charlottesville, Va.

*%a. -

to plant one-eight acre of beets for trial. These trial beets will not be wasted, for they make excellent stock foods, especially for milch cows. The circular mentioned can be obtained free by writing to the Agricultural Experiment Station, Blacks-burg, Va.

TICK ERADICATION RESUMED.

The Bureau of Animal Industry of the United States Department of Agriculture is resuming active operations for the eradication of the cattle ticks which prevail in the southern part of the country and transmit the contagion of Texas fever to cattle. Its men are being sent into the field and preparations are being made to push the work of extermination vigorously during the warm weather, when the ticks are most active.

Since this work was begun, two years ago, an area of about 56,000 square miles, or almost the size of the State of Georgia, has been freed from the ticks. As a result the quarantine on southern cattle has been either modified or entirely removed from this area. Last year work was done to a greater or less extent in the States of Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, Kentucky, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Texas and California, and it is proposed this year to continue in the same States with the addition of a small portion of Mississippi. Most of the work has been and will continue to be done in sections contiguous to the quarantine line the object being to push the line farther south from year to year; but encouragement is given to local work in any part of the quarantine district in the assurance that when any considerable area is rendered tick free it will be released from quarantine.

The work is being done by co-operation between the Federal government and the State and local authori-

JERSEY CATTLE.

K: 0 'u-orea Cows Fresh to Pail.

Heifers Bred to Calves in Spring.

Bulls—All Ages—A Few Ready for Service.

All Ages and of Excellent Breeding 1 . Get my prices before placing your order. EVERGREEN FARMS, W. B. Gates, Proprietor, RICE DEPOT, VA.

VALLEY COTTAQE FARM

8ERKSHRIES.

Choice spring Pigs. Herd headed by Dudley 83672, pure imported blood, and Longfellow 93437, pure Biltmore strain, $5 each. Pigs mated no akin. C. S. TOWJfLEY, The Hogman, Red Hill, Va.

BERKSHIR

We offer BRED sows, GILTS and pigs of best Western blood at price* consistent with the hog market.

Chester, Va...

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

ties. Congress has appropriated $250,000 for the year beginning July 1, and it is expected that the States and counties where the work is carried on will duplicate this sum. The committee on appropriations of the House of Representatives expressed itself very strongly to the effect that the States should bear a reasonable share of the cost and that the Federal work should be mainly confined to States where co-operation is received.

Various methods for exterminating the ticks are used, including transferring the cattle from pasture to pasture at suitable intervals, and dipping and spraying, and hand dressing the cattle with oil and oil emulsion. In sections where there are large herds and large ranches dipping on a large scale is practiced, either alone or in connection with pasture rotation, while in other sections, where the cattle on some farms frequently consist only of a cow or an ox team, hand dressing with oil is found to be the only practicable method.

The damage caused by the ticks and the benefits to follow from their eradication are not generally appreciated. It is estimated that the Texas-fever tick is responsible for about $40,000,000 of loss annually to the people of the infected country, and that it also lowers the assets of the South by an additional $23,250,000. To wipe out this heavy loss is the object of the work now under way, and the results already accomplished leave no doubt that success is possible, though a number of years will be required for the completion of the undertaking. Much depends upon the cattle owners, who can either hasten or retard progress according as they cooperate or refuse to assist in the work..

Literature giving full information as to the ticks, the disease which they transmit, and methods for their eradication has been issued by the Department of Agriculture and will be supplied free of charge on application to the Chief of the Bureau of Animal Industry, Washington, D. C.

AN ELEGANT BOOK FREE.

Just write your name on a post card and address it to the Gem City Business College, Quincy, Illinois, saying that you would be pleaded to receive a copy of their beautiful 68-page illustrated catalog, which will be sent >ou by return mail. It is a book well worth sending for. because it shows how the young man and young woman of to-day can easily and quickly get a business education and then a position at a good salary. This is one of the leading business colleges of America, and owing to the high qualifications of its students, the demand for its graduates is for in excess of the supply. Being located in a moderate-sized city board and room can be oh-

10

PURE-BRED

HEREFORD BULLS

FOR SALE.

Sired by Acrobat, the highest priced Hereford ever sold in America—cost $3,5C0.

GRAHAM F. BLANDY, Tuleyries Farm, WHITE POST, Clarke, Co., Va.

GLEN FARM

Importer and breeder Registered POLLED DURHAM CATTLE, or Hornless Shorthorns.

Can furnish either sex. Registered POLAND CHINA Hogs and Pure-Bred SOUTHDOWN SHEEP.

JOHN S. FUNK,

SINGER'S GLENN, Rockingham Co., Va.

naleside Herefords

OWNED BY 8. W. ANDERSON, BLAKER MILLS, GREENBRIER COUNTY, W. VA. A choice lot of Balls, Cowb and Heifers for sale; iswu a few Polled Hereford Bulls, recorded In the Nattewrf-Polled Hereford Record.

Write for Catalogue and Prices. FARM NEAR ALDERSON, W. VA. Telephone and Telegraph, Alderson.

BerKshires and Jerseys

FOR SALE. A VERY FINE LOT OF BERKSHIRE PIGS, TEN WEEKS OLD;

ALSO A FEW JERSEY COWS AND HEIFERS.

RIVER VIEW FARM, C. M. BASS, PROPRIETOR,

Norfolk unci 'Western Railway. Rice Depot, Va.

I TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

GC1

r j^» ■ •<■■./

mm

Mm

Mlacklegoids

FOR PROTECTING CATTLE AGAINST BLACKLEG.

SBMPLE SAFE SURE!.

NO DOSE TO MEASURE. NO LIQUID TO SPILL

NO STRING TO ROT.

KRESO DIP FOR ALL. LIVE STOCK

Kills Lice, Mites and Fleas. Cures Mange, Scab, Ringworm. Disinfects, Cleanses, Purifies.

ANTHRAXOIDS

A SA

AMTMRAX: VACCIN

FOR PROTECTING HORSES, MULES, CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS AND SWINE AGAINST ANTHRAX.

WRITE FOR FREE BOOKLETS UPON THESE PRODUCTS.

branches:

New York, Kansas City, Baltimore,

New Orleans, Boston, Chicago,

St. Louis and

Minneapolis, U. S. A.

PARKE, DAVIS & CO.

DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY.

DETROIT, - MICHIGAN, - U.S.A.

branches:

London, Eng. Walkerville, Ont.

Montreal, Que. Sydney, N. S. W.

St. Petersburg, Russia.

Bombay, India.

GRANDEE.

Registered French Coach Stallion, chestnut horse, 16.1 hands, weight 1,800 pounds. Blue ribbon winner Virginia State Fair at Richmond, 1906 and 1907.

FEE—*12 TO INSURE.

Address CARL H. NOLTING, Trevlllan, Louisa County, Va.

N. B.—Rich bluegrass pasturage for ▼isiting mares.

RED DILLON, 38696.

Bay horse, foaled 1902, height 16.3 hands, weight 1,200 pounds. Sired by Baron Dillon, 2:12; dam, Zinda Lake, by Red Lake, 2:15%, sire of Lake Queen, 2:06%. For terms address

JOHN B. VAUGHAN, Owner, Ashland, Va.

HACKNEY STALLION. PATRICK HENRY.

Chestnut horse by "Squire Rickel," •on of the famous Cadet; dam,- "Mar-Jorle," a gold medal winner by "Rose-berry."

A POLLARD A SONS,

R. F. D. No. 5, Richmond, Va.

Dunraven Stock Farm, N. B.—Horses handled and conditioned; also boarded and pastured.

C. E. Worsham.

R. A. Carter.

B. C. Brlstow.

The Bristow-Worsham Co.

[Incorporated] Manufacturers and Dealers in

BUGGIES, RUNABOUTS, WAGONS TRUCKS, DRAYS AND EVERYTHING IN VEHICLES.

Office and Salesroom, 1417 E. Main St., Factory, 1600 East Franklin St., RICHMOND, VA.

Agents for Milbnrn and White Hickory Farm Wagons.

CAN CANCER BE CURED?

IT CAN.

We want every man and woman in the United States to know what we are doing—we are curing Cancers, Tumors and Chronic Sores without the use of the knife or by X-Ray, and are endorsed by the Senate and Legislature of Virginia.

We Guarantee Our Cures.

KELLAM HOSPITAL

1615 West Main St., Richmond, Va.

FRED C. KELLAM, President.

Stallion cards, folders and catalogues compiled; pedigrees of trotters and thoroughbred horses traced. My library includes Year Books, Trotting Registers, Stud Books, Fijes of turf journal? and other references. Special attention to registration of horses. Address W. J. CARTER,

1105 E. Cary Street, Richmond, Va.

Representing The Times-Dispatch and Southern Planter, Richmond, Va.; The Trotter and Pacer, New York; The Horseman, Chicago, 111.; The American Horse Breeder, Boston, Mass.

Handsome pair of Welsh pony mares, four-year-olds, closely matched, fine drivers, well mannered, ractible and kind. Sound. One with foal atside and the other due to foal soon b yone of the handsomest Shetland stallions in Virginia. Also nice trap with pole and double harness. W. J. Carter, 1105 E. Cary St., Richmond, Va. BELGIAN HARES FOR SALE, THREE

months old, $1 per pair. Homer A.

Yoder, Denbigh, Va.

H. Q. CARTER & CO.,

Successors to

F. H. DEANE & CO.

Dealers In

HAY, QRAIN, MILL-FEED AND FLOUR.

1105 East Cary Street, RICHMOND, VA.

C62

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[Jul]

ROSE DALE HERD ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE

We offer to the farmers and breeders of the East strictly choice Young Registered Bulls from weanlings to serviceable age. Tlrey are of the straight, broad-backed, low-down, compact, blocky type. Many of them show ring animals. They represent the blood of Master II. of Meadow Brook; Gay Lord, Jr.; Heather Lad II., Zaire V., Ermine Bearer, Blackbird of Corskie IV., Black Abbott, Abbottsford, Coquette X., Etc.

They are well grown out, in thrifty condition, but not pampered. Come and see them or write us your wants. Prices right. We can please you. Angus Cattle are our specialty. We raise ne other stock, but give them our undivided personal attention.

To avoid inbreeding we offer an exceptionally good herd bull. Write for particulars. Address

ROSE DALE STOCK FARMS, JEFFERSONT0N7 Va7

tained at a very reasonable cost. There are enrolled from 1,200 to 1,500 students each year. It has a fuli corps of experienced teachers and its course comprises Shorthand, Typewriting, Bookkeeping, Actual Business Practice, Penmanship and Mathematics. Professor Musselman, President ofthe College, is known far and wide for his ability as a business teacher. Those who desire to fit themselves for good salaried positions will not make mistake in deciding to attend this college. Write for book to-day. Their advertisement will be found in another column giving further particulars.

BERKSHIRE^ AT STATE FAIR We are informed by the officers of the State Berkshire Association, that at a conference with the officers of the State Fair, they have come to an understanding as to the terms for exhibition of Berkshires, and that the same have been embodied in the following memoranda:

The classification shall be that used by the American Berkshire Astsocia-tion; sent to any one making application therefor.

The judging shall be done by a Berkshire breeder, who shall not compete .for any premium himself, although he may exhibit his stock.

The judging shall be done not later than the second day of the fair, so exhibitors ma}' derive the full benefit of the advertising which the ribbons won will give them.

Exhibitors shall be furnished with good pens, upon which no whitewash shall be used. When said pens need renovating they shall be painted, and this long enough before the fair for said paint to become perfectly dry.

The ring in which the judging is to be done shall be enclosed with a good fence. Gates shall be placed at the end of the passage ways between the pens, and at the time of judging these shall be closed, and no one allowed inside save those engaged in handling and showing the hogs.

SUNNY HOME FARM

Are the eort that "breed on," because ef the superior breeding of th« animals comprising the herd.

The herd bulls are "Baroi RosefeoT" by the famous Gay Blackbird, anfi -Jtmttx" by Imp. JBquester (the best bred Eric Bull ever Imported).

Females are by Gay Blackbird, Beau Bill (champion over all breeds 1b America In 1894), Ermoor by the great Royal Eric; Eulalle's Eric, a Columbian winner, and by the noted Heather Lad II., and some of the beat in the in the herd are by our own Baron Roseboy. We have only young calves for sale, but want to book you for one of these finely-bred ones before they are all sold. Writ*

A. L. FRENCH, PROPRIETOR,

Station i Draper, N. G. Byrdville, Ta.

IAS AND BERKSHIRES.

A nice lot of pigs, 6 to 8 weeks old

at $5.

3 months old, $7.50; Bred sows, $15 to $25.

J. C. GRAVES, Barboursville, Orange Co., Va.

SHORTHORN

EXCELLENT

IEIFERS AND BULLS.

By the Scotch topped Bull, Royal Lad (advertised by the old reliable breeders, P. S. Lewis & Son, as the best Bull ever bred on their farm) by the International winner, Frantic Lad, son of The Lad For Me, champion of America in 1900. Also a few fresh Shorthorn Cows.

Pure Yearling SOUTHDOWN RAMS by Senator, a prize winner in Canada as a lamb and a yearling. He was bred by Hon. George Drummond, the foremost Southdown breeder in America.

R. J. HANCOCK & SON, "EUerslie," Charlottesville, Va.

BUYS A NldH SHADE DROP MEAD

$45 SEWING MACHINE

Silent—Easy Running—LKe Time ©oarentee. The Industrious Hen is the leading poultry Journal of the South—60c on* year. Three years fL Agents wanted, ,«ftinr>l< > s free. Machine circulars free The Industrious Hon Co., X>»pt. S, KnsiTille, Tsum.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

663

w

Incorporated 1907

« STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE." Capital Stock $100,000.

THE VIRGINIA STOGK FARM CO.

Incorporated* Bellevue, Bedford County, Virginia.

J. ELLIOTT HALL, General Manager.

Copyright 1908 By The Virginia Stock Farm Co., Inc.. Bellevue, Virginia.

TERRACE VIEW, A Typical Old Virginia Mansion.

From Photograph by RICHARDSON, Bedford City, Virginia.

The Virginia Stock Farm Company. Inc., is an organization founded for the purpose of improving the livestock of the State by breeding and having for sale at reasonable prices standard types of the particular breed best suited to the needs and requirements of the farmers.

It is a progressive organization of substantial merit, under the control of a Board of Directors whose ability and standing are equalled by few, if any, organizations in America.

The "Inaugural Announcements" explains in detail objects and purposes of this meritorious organization. It may be had for the asking. Are you a farmer, a stockman, or in any way interested in seeing Virginia assume her former and rightful place among the great stock-producing States of the Union? If so, you

should have this catalogue. It will be of interest to you. It is profusely illustrated with pictures of standard types of the particular breeds best adapted to the requirements of Virginia farms, and should be preserved for reference. It will be sent you upon request, if you will write for it. giving your name, your address, either post-office box, street and number, or rural route; your city, county and State, and mention the Southern Planter when writing.

Better do it to-day. We believe you will read it through, from "cover to cover," and that after you have done so, you will feel well repaid for your trouble, and will help us o help the farmers of this illustrious Commonwealth to improve their live-stock. "Write to-day; the issue is limited. Address the company as above or the General Manager,

J. ELLIOTT HALL, BELLEVUE, VIRGINIA.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

Mc Comb & BLOCK

COMMISSION MERCHANTS

ESTABLISHED 1890.

For the Sale of

CATTLE, SHEEP, LAMBS, HOGS, FRESH

COWS, CALVES

In Carloads and Small Lots.

To Buyers of Live Stock: "We solicit correspondence from those wishing to buy Stock Cattle, Feeding Steers, Breeding Ewes, Feeding Wethers and Lambs; in fact, if you wish any kind of Cattle, Sheep or Hogs, we will sell them to you at lowest market prices. Pure-Bred HAMPSHIRE RAMS ready for delivery.

OFFICE AND PENS: UNION STOCK YARDS, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA,

'PHONES: OFFICE 1399; RESIDENCE 3221; P. O. BOX. 483

One day during the fair (to be agreed upon between the Association and the Fair management) the ring in which the judging is done shall be given to the Association in which to hold a public sale, the Association to pay for the advertising of said sale and for its auctioneer.

A class for barrows and one for brood sows with not less than six pigs shall be added to the classification.

The Fair management shall furnish sleeping accommodations within the grounds for the help, both white and colored, employed in looking after the stock on exhibition.

GAS BY THE CAN.

It is exceedingly likely that within the next twelve months dwellers in isolated country homes will buy from the grocer gas to light their households as readily as they now buy kerosene. A new illnminant, called blaugas, after its inventor, Hermann Blau, has made this possible. It is delivered in handy little cylinders as easily and safely as so much bottled cream. We need not do violence to the imagination to picture the suburban housewife in the near future telephoning her order to the grocer for so many dozens of eggs, pounds of starch, cans of tomatoes—"and a five-pound cylinder of blaugas."

As to cost, it may be said that it is only a little more expensive at present than gas supplied from large metropolitan plants in pipes direct. It is cheaper than electric incandescent lighting, even from large plants. The house outfit is very simple and cheap, and under these conditions one can easily imagine the long list of applications for which it is eminently adapted. In this connection it should be borne in mind that inasmuch as it uses the small incandescent mantels, the burners can be placed in any position, and they lend themselves to decorative illumination even better than the electric lights with their ngly filamants- In fact, all these things have already been done, and the country of Blau is already enjoying the results of his endeavors to supply an illuminant which seems almost ideal.—William Hallock, Ph.D,

QUALITY POLAND-CHINAS.

The large, mellow hind— NOT tfc* -oarae ud ranch tyne. They mast fee food with each a herd header at SLACK PERFECTION, a aaa of the >ld klaa: of Poland-Chinas, Chief Par. ieetloa II. A few CHOICE PIGS aa£ SEED SOWS for sole.

H. B. BUSH A BBC, Mlehamc, Powhatan Comity, Va.

Silver Spring Farm

Registered Shropshire Ram Lambs

For sate from Ewes of Mr. H. L. Wardwell's breeding. They are as well bred as any in thlg country.

Although my sale Is over, there are some Shorthorns on the farm for sale. Both sexes. Some very fine Cows at fair prices.

ROBERT R, SMITH, Proprietor, Charles Town, W. Va., or WlckUffe, Va.

FOX HOUNDS.

We have for sale a lo of young Fox Hound Puppies ranging in age from 2 to 11 months. These are pure Walker strain of hounds. Sires and dams all registered. Our hounds have plenty of speed and wonderful endurance. No quitters. They are all whito and black spotted In color. They are great hunters. We keep a fine pack for our hunting and we think we know what good ones are.

Write for description and prices.

H. A. S. HAMILTON & SONS, SHADWELL, VA.

#35°-° FANNING MILL FREE

A Fanning Mill Free. If there are no dealers near you selling the famous Racine Line of Farm and Warehouse Fanning Mills, that clean, grade, separate and bag all kinds of grain and seeds as well as cow peas, velvet beans, rice, peanuts, chufas, etc., then write te-day for particulars about our free mill to one person In each neighborhood who will furnish us his netghobrs' names to whom we can write to call and see the mill and who will show what the mill do when they call to see it.

JOHNSON * FIELD MFG. CO., Box 1M, Haelne, Wis.

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER

665

: : BREEDIN6 EWES ■ :

I beg to announce that on and after July 1st I shall have, until late fall. Good, Strong Breeding Ewes from two to four years old, and can furnish them in small numbers or car lots. "Write for prices. Information cheerfully given

I handle all kinds of Live Stock on Commission, and give best of satisfaction. If you have Cattle, Sheep, Lambs, Calves or Hogs for sale write me.

I give accurate information. Weekly quotations furnished free for the asking.

ROBERT C. BRAVER, Live Stock Commission Salesman, RICHMOND, VA. Address: P. O. Box 204. Office and Pens, Union Stock Yards.

ENQUIRERS' COLUMN.

All enquiries must.reach us by the 15th of the month previous to the issue, or they cannot be answered until the month following. CANNING.

Can you give me the process of canning the following fruits and vegetables through the columns of The Southern Planter? Tomatoes, beets, sweet potatoes, apples, berries and pears? Do the fruits and vegetables have to be inspected by a government inspector?

H. C. BROWNING & BROS.

Washington Co., Va.

We have not the space to describe the process fully in our columns. We can supply a book published on the subject, price fifty cents; or if you will write the Raney Canner Co., Chapel Hill, N. C, they will send you the book they send out with their canning outfit, which gives full information. You had better write the Dairy Commissioner of this State, Prof. Saunders, Capitol, Richmond, who has the execution of the new pure food law in his charge as to inspection.—Ed.

IRISH POTATO YIELD—CLEARING LAND.

1. What yield of Irish potatoes could I expect, with good cultivation and liberal fertilizing, on gray soil with clay subsoil, that now produces twenty bushels corn per acre, and what fertilizers would you recommend?

2. What yield of Irish potatoes could I expect on same land after four years of good farming, with proper rotation of crops. It is claimed that same land will produce fifty bushels of corn per acre after three years of good farming.

3. What is the best way to quickly clear, free of all stumps, 100 acres of land that has recently had the piae and oak timber all cut off. I mean to get it so all kinds of machinery and plows can be used on it with little or no hindrance. How long would it take to get land in this condition, and about what would it cost per acre? Gray soil with clay subsoil. Want a reasonably economical method, but one that will in a

THE GROVE FARM.

BREEDER OF PURE-BRED BERKSHIRE HOGS AND HOLSTEIN-FPJE-SIAN CATTLE.

T. O. SANDY, BURKEVILLE, VA.

LIGHTNING HAY PRESSES

The Old Reliable. In Use 25 Tears.

HORSE POWER AND BELT POWER

Our Various Styles Meet All Demands.

Self-Feed Wood or Steel Pitman.

Quality Gives Beat Results. Send for Catalogue,

H.ANSAS CITY H 4Y PRESS CO. 162 Mill St., Kansas City, Mo.

THE GREEDY ELI

doesn't choke when big charges enter its large feed opening. Folds perfectly and makes solid, compact bales of Alfalfa, Peavines, Johnson Grass, Fm C | OC # Ralnn 4 n p ■

etc. Everything requiring baling. It's the tdMBSl ff»e*i«SB IO I" BBOi and its power gets stronger as the bale becomes denser. Large feed opening makps it everywhere the favorite. Bell Signal, 4-Side Tension Grip. 40 different sizes and styles. Call and see it or write for illustrated catalogue.

COLLINS PLOW COMPANY,

1185 Hampshire St., «r>^^ Quincy, III.

Presses for 15eSt Baling

What more vital claim for superiority can a baling press have than that it holds all records for speed, capacity, durability and neat work, embodying all the good features a baling press can have ? These you get in

Dedericks

Baling Presses

Every Dederick Press is an individual piece of work — not a haphazard "factory production." The materials in them are of most careful selection ; every improvement is introduced into construction and design ; only high class workmen are employed.

The benefits of these ideal conditions most assert themselves in results, for Dederick Presses do the best work in the best way in the shortest time. One for every use. Complete catalogue free. P. K. DEDERICK'S SONS. 55 Tlvoli St.. Albany. N. Y.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[July,

short time put land in shape to raise all crops on. W.

Virginia.

1. 100 to 150 bushels per acre. Nitrate of soda, 300 pounds; cotton-seed meal, 600 pounds; acid phosphate, 500 pounds, and muriate of potash, 30*0 pounds, to make a ton. Apply, from 500 to 1,000 pounds to the acre.

2. You should double the yield.—Ed.

3. The only way to accomplish this is to use dynamite to blow out the stumps. This is the cheapest and most effective way, and we have known it done with great satisfaction. —Ed.

NUT GRASS. Please inform me how to get rid of a grass called nut grass.

N. J. LEWERS. Accomac Co., Va.

It is almost as puzzling a problem as how to get rid of onions. It is a most persistent grass and bad to overcome. Some men who have labored with it long say that the only way is to make the piece of land infested into a hog pasture. They will root out the nuts and eventually destroy it all. It may, however, be gradually got rid of by keeping it cut off closely and thus preventing it seeding for a year or two and then follow with cultivated crops.—Ed.

CREAM IN MILK. CRIMSON CLOVER. Will you please tell me how much cream ought there to be in twenty-1 four gallons of milk from good cows, and where I could find sale for same? 2. When is the proper time to sow crimson clover? I sowed some last season, and about one-half froze out. H. C. VIA. Louisa Co., Va.

1. It is impossible to tell you how much cream there is in a given quantity of milk, unless you have it tested. The fact that the cows are good cows to look at does not necessarily prove that they give milk rich in butter-fat, and unless rich in butter fat there will be little cream and even in some rich milk the butter-fat separates badly from the milk, and does not yield a good cream under the ordinary way of handling it. The Babcock tester is the only way in which to accurately ascertain what is the content of butter-fat in the milk, and thus to learn what cows are paying for their keep. You should get a Babcock tester and learn how to use it, and then you will know what your cows are doing. Some cows give only 3 per cent, milk, whilst others give 5 per cent; and yet the ones giving the 3 per cent, may look the best cows. This difference in the yield of butter-fat measures the difference between a profit and a loss in keeping the cows. Cream supplied to the markets is priced according to its richness in butter-fat, and buyers re-

The Blackstone School for Girls

Has since 1894 given "Thorough instruction under positively Christian influences at the lowest possible cost."

RESULTS It is to-day with its faculty of 32, its student body of 403, and its plant worth $125,000

The Leading Training School for Girls in Virginia

$150 pays all charges for the year, including table board, room, lights, steam heat, laundry, medical attention, physical culture, and tuition in all subjects except music and elocution. For catalogue and application blank address

JAMES CANNON, Jr., M. A., Principal, Blackstone, Va.

SMITH SHOCK BINDER.

Patented July 16, 1907. Saves Labor, Twine and Corn

refund your money.

Far in the lead of all competitors for effectiveness, simplicity, durability,, handiness and cheapness. Made of the best Oak, Steel and Manila Rope, andi will last for years. ONLY ONE MAN required to operate it, and he alone can bind a shock a minute. Saves binder twine and and your corn shacks will not fall or be blown down, or get wet inside. Na farmer can afford to b» without this Labor Saving Implement. One day's use will pay for it. Order the Binder TO-DAY, and if you are not satis-fled, return it, and we will Sent, express prepaid for $1.75. Agents wanted.

THE SMITH SHOCK BINDER CO., RICHMOND, VA.

References: The National State Bank and the Merchants' National Bank.

r .. i .. i .. I .. I .. I .. I .I .. I .. I .. I .. I .. x ., I .. I .. I .. I .. I .. I .. I .. I .-^.. I .. I ,. I .. I n H H „ H „ H ,. I ,. H .. H .. H .. I . H n i n ;i*

IS YOUR MONEY SAFE? f

Deposit your funds In this strong Institution, where it is alawys subject to your call, besides accumulating interest.

We have the largest surplus and profits of any Nntlonal Bank south of Washington —together with thorough and competent examinations, insures absolute safety for every dollar deposited with us.

Our perfect system of "Banking by Mail" is

simple and convenient. Accounts receivable in

amounts of $1.00 and upwards, earning 3 per

cent, compound interest from date of deposit,

annually. Write to-day for free ilustrated booklet.

Planters National BanK 9

SAVINGS DEPARTMENT.

Richmond, Va.

Surplus and Fronts, 91,100,000.00.

WTVTrri

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

607

quire a certain percentage to be supplied and pay accordingly. Of course, you can roughly ascertain the quality of cream which your cow's milk will yield by setting the milk in a can in ice-cold water. This will cause the greater part of the cream to rise, but nothing but a saparator will get all the cream out of the milk and anyone keeping four or five cows will soon save cream enough extra to pay for the separator. You should write Prof. Saunders, the Dairy Commissioner, at the Capitol, Richmond, and ask him to help you in starting the cream business, and he will gladly do so. He has been appointed for the purpose of pushing the dairy business in the State.

2. Sow crimson clover from July to the end of September. The earlier it is seeded after the middle of this month, the better it will resist the frost, as the growth will cover the land better and keep it from heaving.

—Ed.

SICK HOGS.

My hogs have a skin disease. Their skin is very rough, especially so where it is soft, as under their body and throat, and around their legs, where the skin is full of small sores. Their hair looks dead, and they are are in a general run-down condition, with very poor appetites.

A SUBSCRIBER.

Nottoway Co., Va.

We suspect your hogs are infected with worms, and probably lice on their bodies. The worms are the cause of the run-down condition, and hogs in this condition are almost certain to have lice on them. Give them some turpentine in their feed. A ta-blespoonful for each hog once or twice a week for a week or two. Pour a little kerosene on their backs, the whole length of the hogs. This will spread over their whole bodies and will kill the lice. Clean out their sleeping quarters and burn up the bedding, and disinfect the places with limewash with kerosene mixed in it. After the hogs have got over the effects of the turpentine mix the following ingredients for a tonic and give it to them as directed: Wood charcoal, 1 pound; sulphur, 1 pound; sodium chloride, two pounds; sodium bicarbonate, two pounds; sodium hyposulphite, two pounds; sodium sulphate, one pound; antimony sulphide, one pound. Pulverize and mix thoroughly. Dose, a large tablespoonful once a day for each 200' pounds of live weight.

POULTRY BUSINESS.

I propose to go into the chicken business. Will you kindly give me some advice as to whether Ihad better try for chickens or eggs.

Cumberland Co., Md. C. W. T.

Read what our poultry correspondent, Mr. Husselman, said on this subject in our May issue. Our experience has been that egg production is

Perfect System of Banking

By Mail

'^Nfe=.

..

We have a system which affords superior advantages of doing your Banking Business with this strong institution by Mail. It is carried to the very door of every thrifty man and woman in the country—supplying them with every facility and convenience in depositing their money—besides affording a great saving in time.

We invite your account.

3 per cent.

Interest Paid

On Savings Accounts, Compounded semiannually from date of deposit.

Merchants National Bank

1101 E. riain St., Richmond, Va.

Capital, $200,000 Surplus, $830, 000 f

"Safest For Savings."

Mention Southern Planter.

»i M | »» f ■ ■ * —*— J j»T— ■*— j—■ tnliJw g

••M M T -

LIGHTNING WELL MACHINERY,

Rotary, Coring or Rock Prilling,

Any Diameter, Any Depth, for

Water, Oil, Coal or Mineral Prospecting,

Descriptive Catalog on request.

The American Well Works,

Aurora, Illinois, U. S. A.

CHICAGO, ILL.

DALLAS. TEX.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

usually the moslt profitable unless one is located and fixed for raising early broilers as to be able to put them on a good local market. If in the business for eggs you will in any event have to handle a considerable part of the output in the shape of chickens, as nearly one half of the increase in each year will be cockerels, for which you will have to find a market, but we have generally found that the eggs are the most profitable part of the business, and that the surplus chickens should be got rid of as soon as possibble. At the price for which small chikenss have sold this year, however, there is profit in their production for the early spring market.—Ed.

WHITE DIARRHOEA.

Please publish best known remedy for white diarrhea, which is so fatal to my young chicks-

MRS. SAM. GLENN.

Halifax Co., Va.

White diarrhoea is a contagious disease which is now under investigation by one or two of the Experiment stations. In practice we have found that diarrhoea in chicks is almost wholly caused by exposing them to cold and dampness, and feeding them soft, sloppy food. Keep them warm and dry and feed only oatmeal or wheat grits, and let them always have plenty of gravel and shell grit, and you will be little troubled with this disease. Where the disease is already prevalent remove the chicks to other quarters, clean and dry, and let them have scalded milk or rice water to drink and change to dry food. —Ed.

CRIMSON CLOVER SEEDING—

CORN-STALKS—FERTILIZING—

PEANUTS.

1. Please suggest the best method for covering crimson clover when sown in corn at last working. Do you think corn stalks are any benefit to land? 3. Is fertilizer better sown under peanuts with Ayer's distributor; or, is it better sown by hand and ridged in the old way, with a turn-plow?

W. F. HUNNTCUTT.

Sussex Co., Va.

1. A toothed or disc cultivator will cover the seed sufficiently. We prefer the disc run not too deep, and throwing a light furrow.

2. Cornstalks when cut down and buried in the land in the fall add humus-making material to the soil, and in so far they are valuable, but in our opinion, they are much more valuable when used as feed for cattle, cut, or better, shredded, and the manure made from their consumption applied to the land. In this way they make both meat and manure. One-third, or a little more, of the feed value of the corn crop is in the stalks

DAIRY FARM FOR SALE.

A Great Bargain and Opportunity.

This will be the best opportunity you will ever have to buy a first class dairy farm, so close to a fine market."When I had to give up the farm last lan, on account of other business, I was selling $3,000 worth of cream a year, from 30 second rate cows, at $1 per gallon, the year round, for 23 per cent cream—last winter 19 per cent, cream brought 90 cents a gallon If you value the skim milk at $1,000 a year, I think you would, be putting it very low, for we get from 7 cents to 10 cents per gal. for skim milk in the winter.

After six years experience in the dairy business, I am in a position to tell you exactly what you ought to be able to do, if you understand the business. It would give the greatest pleasure to help you get started right. I know the Washington markets, like a book, where all your cream would go by express in sealed cans, and be delivered promptly every morning.

This farm is all equipped and in first class condition, according to the regulations of the health department, and ready for business. A new separator (DeLaval), that cost $200, goes with the place.

I suppose you want me to tell you just what you ought to be able to do on this farm. The farm will feed and graze 50 cows, and six brood mares, with which to do the work. If one cow will make $100 worth of cream in a year, 50 will make $5,000, and the skim milk ought to be worth $2,000, which makes $7,000 income a year, and six draft colts ought to bring at the very least $450 when they are a year old, making $7,450. We raise everything that grows on a farm for table use. You will see $3,000 ought to cover living expenses and all other expenses necessary to running a farm, leaving a man a net income of $4,450. This is what a reai live dairyman can do.

A large dairyman in New York State just paid $72 per acre for a 300 acre farm in upper Loudoun, the location not half as good as this one.

190 acres, in Herndon, Fairfax Co., Va., a thriving town of 1200 inhabitants, with 5 churches, 2 schools, stores, mills and etc.,—% mile from railroad station and postoffice. 6 trains daily—27 miles to Washington, D. C. All the land lies within the town limits on one of the best macadam roads in the county. It is high and healthy, with a beautiful outlook, affording excellent building sites. One can live here and enjoy farm life, and still enjoy the numerous benfits the town has to offer, and be in easy access of Washington, besides.

There are 30 acres in second growth timber—the balance is in a high state of cultivation, and all has been sowed to grass with the exception of one field. Well, fenced with wire and rails—watered by two springs, inexhaustible wells, wind power. The barns are well lighted and ventilated, modern and in excellent condition—stanchions for 60 cows and stalls for 9 horses. Good carriage house and a new 2 room tenant house. The buildings could not be built for less than $3,000.

One could stock this place, put a tenant on it, and make this a paying investment at once. It has been operated as an up-to-date dairy farm for several years, the cream bringing $1.00 per gal. the year round. The owner wants to sell as she does not wish to engage in active business any longer.

Land is being bought up rapidly in this locality, New York and Pennsylvania families have just bought farms near this property and are making extensive improvements, and the house and grounds adjoining are considered one of the most beautiful around Herndon.

Will sell the 190 acres with improvements for $12,000—$4,000 down, balance to suit, or 100 acres with improvements for $8,500—$4,000 down, balance to suit.

P. B. BUELL & SON,

Herndon, Va.

Stock and Dairy Farms in Northern Virginia near Washington a specialty,

rncc CATALOG mCL OFTH1S ^atm SHOT GUN

NO HAMMER TO HAMMER

SIX SHOTS IN FOUR SECONDS

No unsightly and unsafe hammer to catch on the clothing or cause premature

' discharge if the gun falls. No opening to catch dirt, twigs, rain or snow. Ham-

merless and covered mechanism. Those are the features. Send today for catalog.

$5 tO $27 ^TpTOmSac mstols i;: ' s THE UWI0N FIRE ARMS co -2M Auburndale, Toledo, 0.

TELL THB ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

669

B. C. Phelps

# V© PnoB Cut Everything

Write Me atOnce and Save Money

-Every Split Hickory Vehicle Showss in My Big

Free Catalog is Slashed in Price

Just because the cost of materials went down—Just because I bought in big quantities when prices were lowest—and because I want you and all my customers to benefit by the big cut in prices I'm making for quick, summer sales in all my Split Hickory Vehicle Line—That's why I say write me at once and let me quote you the lowest cut prices for high grade vehicles and harness ever made in this country. You get the

Same 30 Days' Fs*ee Ts*sal and 2' Yearn G&a^rantee

But act at once—Don't wait because the rush of orders is coming—I'll fill your orders promptly at lowest prices if you write now. Also send you my Big 1908 Catalog Free—with cut prices while they last. Write today—address me personally—

H. C. Phelps, President,

Ohio Carriage Manufacturing Co., Station 294, Columbus, Ofoia

hut Act Right m to Save Big" Money ior Cash

and fodder, and this ought not to be wasted.

3. The fertilizer is best mixed in the soil under the peanuts. When sown by hand and covered with the plow it is not sufficiently mixed with the soil to give the best results.—Ed.

BLIGHTED WHEAT.

A good deal of the wheat in this section is affected like the heads I enclose. You will notice that some heads are entirely and some only partially affected. Will be pleased if you will give all the information you can as to cause, in next issue of The Planter.

SUBSCRIBER.

Botetourt Co., Va.

We sent the ears referred to, to the Cerealist of the Department of Agriculture, and the following is his reply:

Your letter of June 16th, accompanied by samples of damaged wheat heads was duly received. This disease has become so common that I was practically certain what the trouble was before I opened the package. This wheat blight has been reported ia nil the area between North Carolina and Pennsylvania westward to Indiana. I have no doubt that there has been a great deal of rain where these heads were collected. The water gathers inside of the spikelets of the head and' unless there is sufficient sunshine to quickly dry them out the presence of the water prevents pollination, so that the heads do not "fill out" and begin to decay. The injury is soon accompanied by the well-known wheat scab which can be detected in these specimens by the pinkish color of the injured portions of the head. As the original cause of the injury is wet weather, of course, it cannot be prevented. It is true, however, that certain varieties with very comapct heads and

RGINIA FARMS

Healthy, Productive Section

LAND, CLIMATE AND SEASONS CONDUCIVE TO SUCCESSFUL FARMING IN ALL OF ITS BRANCHES. ELECTRIC AND STEAM RAILROAD FACILITIES. THE BIG NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN MARKETS REACHED IN A FEW HOURS.

FRAN K

COX

Resident Agent, Ashland, Virginia

JOHN F. JERSVIAN,

Headquarters for Virginia Property, Fairfax Va.

Washington Office, No. 1220 H Street, N. W., and Vienna, Va.

If you want to'buy a grain, dairy, fruit, truck, poultry or blue grass farm, city or village property, or any kind of business proposition, such as hotels, stores, livery stables, schools, or any kindd of shop, it will pay you to send for my 50-page catalogue. It is full of bargains, near steam and electric railroads and near Washington, D. C, where we have the best of markets. I am always ready to show my property. I try to please.

MY MOTTO: " HONESTY AND FAIR DEALINGS."

Farms in Northern Virginia

DAIRY, GRAIN, STOCK, POULTRY, FRUIT.

Near Washington and BaBltlmore and in easy reach of Philadelphia and Now York.

Unlimited markets and unsurpassed shipping facilities.

Reasonable In price. Near good live towns, schools and churches. Write us.

CLAUDE O. STEPHENSON (Successor to Stephenson & Rainey, Herndon, Va.)

Broad & 9th) Sts., RICHMOND, VA.

Commercial, Stenographic. Telegraphic and Eng. Depts. Ladles & gentlemen- No vacations. "It Is the leading Business College south of the Potomac River. —Phila. Stenographer. "When I reached Rlchrnond, I Inquired of several business rnen for the best Business College In the city. and. without exception, they all recommended SmHhdeal's as the best "-W

E. Ross, Law Stfnobrapher, Richmond. Bookkeeping. Shorthand. Writing. 'Quant by mall.

DON'TBUYGASOLINEENGINES :v?lkB£EB!Ek

angina. Send fob Catalogue. THE i'£MFL£ PUMP CO., Mfr»., Meagher and 15th 8U., Chicago. THIS IS OUR FIFTY-FIF1H YtAK.

THE SOUTHERN" PLAXTER.

[July,

with beards are more likely to be injured than others. If the wheat is sown rather thin on high, light soil it will not be so much injured.

M. A. CARLETON,

Cerealist.

LAME DUCKS. I have a pen of ducks that are strangely afflicted. They seem perfectly well, but can't walk, and seem to be afflicted in the back. Please let me know through your column the cause and remedy.

MRS. W. E. COX. Westmoreland Co., Va.

The probability is that the ducks are suffering from rheumatism caused by want of exercise and lying on cold damp ground. Though ducks can be kept almost all the time on the water and not suffer from rheumatism, yet they often almost wholly loose the use of their legs if kept off the water and with damp cold beds to rest on. The best thing to do for them is to let them have their liberty and the water and swim, and they will then recover the use of their legs unless the cause be come injury they have sustained to their backs or legs.—Ed.

LIME IN TANNERY REFUSE.

1. I have a piece of red clay loam in corn that I propose to seed to wheat when corn is cut, with clover, timothy and red top for hay after wheat. Think from what we see in the agricultural journals (this land needs lime to produce good clover, as it has not done well heretofore, though have had fair stands of clover. Can get tannery ashes nearer than lime. These ashes analyze 77 per cent. lime. Is the lime in the ashes as good for correcting the acidity of the soil as stone or caustic lime? How many ashes would be advisable to apply where it is quite an item to get them hauled?

2. Have read that acid phosphate should not be used in connection with lime. Would this apply to the lime in the ashes, and would the phosphorous in raw bone meal be affected by the lime the same as that in the acid phosphate?

J. W. W. Rapaphannock Co., Va.

1. The lime in tannery refuse has lost its causticity, and is practically in the same inert condition as previous to burning. This causticity is valuable in its mechanical effects on the soil, but the physical effects fit the lime is the same whether burnt or unburnt, but it is much slower in action unburnt, and may be, indeed, must be applied in much larger quantity to secure the effect. You could safely apply two or three tons to the acre of this tannery refuse, and it would in lime correct the acidity of the soil and induce the growth of clover.

VICTORIA

RUBBER ROOFING.

Waterproof—Weatherproof. Always pliable—never hard or brittle. Any climate, all conditions.

OUR PRICES WILL INTEREST YOU.

SEND FOR SAMPLE*.

Patented and Galvanized Roofing'^Sheets, Roll Tin and Tar Paper.

TIN «" TERNE PLATES. GALVANI ZED FLAT SHEETS. R00FINQ MATERIALS NUFACTURERS^JOBBERS

1104 E-CARY STREET.

RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

CORRUGATED V-CRIMP ROOFING, KtltUKK HOOFING, TARRED PAJPBR. ROOFING TIN IN ROLLS A SPECIALTY.

WRITE US TOUR WANTS.

McGRAW-YARBROUGH CO., Richmond, Va

VULCANITE ASPHALT ROOFING

Will Cover Old Shingle Roof Perfectly. Aery Reasonable in Price.

Can be applied easily by any person of ordinary intelligence. Proof against weather conditions, and if painted with Vulcanite Black Paint every two to four years, it will last ten years and longer. Nails and Cement with each roll. If your nearby dealer does not handle it. v. rite to us for samples and booklet, "The Right Roofing and the Reasons Why."

WATKIN^-COTTRELL CO., RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

Every Farmer Should Have His Own Thresher

"Little Giant" Thresher runs with light power and will clean all kinds of grain— I wheat, rye, oats, rice, flax, barley, kattir corn aud grass seeds. Attachments for I ' threshing cow peas and for "pulling" peanuts. Made in three sizes— for 3, 6 and 8 I H, P. Gasoline Kngine. Anv power can be used. We also make Level-Tread Powers, b'eed aud Ensilage Cutters, Saw Machines, etc. Send for FREE catalogue. HEERNER A SONS, 25 Broad St., Uimdale, Pa.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

071

2. Lime should not be applied at the same time as acid phosphate, as the effect of so doing is to cause the reversion of the phosphoric acid into an insoluble form. The lime should be applied a week or two before the fertilizer, and be worked with the soil, and then the phosphate can be applied. The phosphoric acid in raw bone is largely already in an insoluble form and, therefore, ..he lime has little effect upon it. -Ed

HONEYSUCKLE.

I would be glad if you will tell me in your next issue some practical method of eradicating honeysuckle.

Mecklenburg Co., Va.

We know of no way to get rid ot honeysuckle except by keeping it cut close to the ground. Like all other plants, if not allowed to maka leaves ithe roots will die. Plants cannot live without leaves. The roots should be grubbed out rf the ground, or they will persist for a long time in trying to make leaves, each attempt being weaker than the 1 ist, until i ii.- roots-succumb.—Ed.

SORGHUM FOR SOILING.

Kindly advise me if you have ever experimented with sorghum for soiling or for green pasture for dairy herd during July and August. I have a large herd and the grass usually gets short about this time on my farm, and I am going to sow something at once for green pasture during the above months.

R. D. MARTIN.

Campbell Co., Va.

I would advise you to sow for soiling one bushel per acre of cowpeas, preferably the black, and ten pounds of sorghum seed. This will make far better feed than the sorghum alone. The sorghum will make a second growth, but the safety of feeding this green is doubtful, for it often kills stock quickly, though when dry or more mature it does no harm. Investigations at some of the stations seems to indicate that in the young second growth there is an accumulation of pi/ussic acid. However, this may be, there is no doubt but that stock have been suddenly killed from eating the young second growth of sorghum. Mr. French, the well known Polled Angus breeder, of Rockingham county, N. C, is rather enthusiastic over the mixture of sorghum and peas for hay. I have never tried it, but would accept Mr. French's experience as a good and safe guide with anything he has tested. The cowpeas, when cut before blooming, will often make some second growth and I have noticed that the young editor of The Practical Farmer, of Philadelphia, nearly every week advises his correspondents that they can sow cowpeas and cut two crops of hay from the one sowinfl. But no man ever left peas to grow to a stage

f HIS advertise-■ ment will bring to your attention the best and cheapest Ready Roofing on the market. Here is how we prove it the best.

In the first place Amatite is made in one standard thickness, whereas other ready roof-■ ings range from a thin, flimsy, half ply to a three ply thickness.

The three-ply thickness (which by the way is only one sheet of felt) is the only kind that can be compared with

Amatite. But right here is the point, Amatite is better made, has better waterproofing material, and weighs more per square foot than the three-ply grade of other makes, and costs much less.

These facts make Amatite the most desirable roofiing made.

But in addition to its superiority in material and manufacture, Amatite has one distinction which makes it stand out above all others. It has a real mineral surface.

It is hardly necessary to state the advantages of such a mineral surface, the freedom from painting or coating, the protection against all kinds of weather, the great durability.

This mineral surface is embedded in a layer of Pitch, the greatest known waterproofing material. Beneath this in turn are two layers of the best grade of wool felt—cemented together by more Pitch, making the whole a roofing that is absolutely waterproof.

No other ready roofing can compare with this mineral surfaced, water proof, weather-proof, durable roof. That's why we say—Don't buy your roofing until you have seen Amatite.

Free Samples and BooKlet .

Send for Free Booklet and Sample to-day. It will pay you to get acquainted with Amatite. Address nearest office.

BARRETT MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

New York Cincinnati Allegheny

Chicago Minneapolis New Orleans

Philadelphia Cleveland London, Eng.

Boston St. Louis Kansas City

A COW-PEA THRESHER AT LAST!!!!

A machine that wil thresh the Southern Cow Pea from mown vines— any variety Soy beans, field beans and the Canada field peas, in a fast, satisfactory way, not breaking over one to two per cent. Catalogue free.

KOGER PEA AND DEAN THRESHER COMPANY, MORRISTOWN, TENN.

ESTABLISHED 1877.

IF INTERESTED, WRITE US.

POTTER & WILLIAMS,

—WHOLESALE-FRUIT AND PRODUCE DEALERS AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 144, 14« and 148 Michigan Street, Buffalo, N. Y.

PARTICULAR ATTENTION GIVEN TO BERRIES, PEAS, BEANS, CABBAGE, CUKES, POTATOES, CANTELOUPES, ETC.

TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

proper for hay making, and had a second growth to cut. I had rather depend on the peas alone than on sorghum alone, as green feed.

W. F. MASSEY.

THE KINGSTON FIRE.

A Loss of Property That Caused a Gain in Experience.

Dong-g-g!

Before I cams to myself I was sitting bolt-upright in bed.

"Was it nightmare? I pitched myself. No, I was wide awake.

"Ding-dong, Fire!" echoed through the midnight air. And with one bound I was out of bed. In anotber instant dressed and on the street.

"She's a goner!" yelled Jim Wilson, as he shot by the house.

"Who—what—where?" But he was gone; and like a flash I followed my natural instinct and the flrelit heavens, to the other side of town.

"They're working like Trojans, but they can't save her.''

"What is it " I asked, as I caught up to Simeon Sheldon.

"The old mill. There! Can't you see the flames licking up the lumber sheds this very minute?" Sure enough I saw them only too plainly.

"Serves 'em right—"

"Hold on, Sim," I interrupted. 'What do you mean by talking that way?"

"Yes, it does! They knew what a risk they've been running with those old 'tinder-box' shingle roofs—and right alongside the railroad, too. Everybody savs it was sparks from the midnight freight that did it—and I guess they're right. It started on the roof of No. 1 mill."

"Look at those houses opposite. Why didn't they catch fire, too?"

"That's easy. They're covered with Genasco. See those sparks dropping on 'em now! They burn out, and don't have the least bit of effect on 'em."

"What's that name. Sim? What kind of stuff is it?"

"Stuff? Well, I'll be switched! Do you mean to say you've never heard of Genasco Ready Roofing, made by the Barber Asphalt Paving Company. Philadelphia- Where have you been living all your life—in the back woods?"

I was willing to be "the goat," and asked for more information.

"It's the greatest stuff I've ever seen for a roof," Simeon went on, "not only for resisting fire, but for lasting in all kinds of weather. You can let it pour pitchforks, and it won't leak; or let the sun boil down on it all you've a mind to, and it'll never dry-out like coal-tar Even zero weather won't crack it. The farmers around here have all taken to it like ducks take to water. You see it en all their buildings whenever you go out in the country. It's a wonder, I tell you. And by the way, it's made of stuff

The Standard for 14 Years.

The oldest prepared roofing on the market, and the first Kuberoid Roofs, laid many years ago. are still giving satisfactory service under the severest climatic and atmospheric conditions.

Contains no tar or paper; will not melt or tear. Acid fumes will not injure it.

Outlasts metal or shingles. Any handy man can apply it.

There is only one Kuberoid Roofing, and we sell it. You can verify its genuineness by the name on the label and on the under side of every length of Ruberoid Roofing. Send for samples and booklet.

A large stock of Corrugated and V-Crimp Roofing always on hand.

Southern Railway Supply Co* f

1 323 East Main Street

RICHMOND VA.

FARQUKAR THRESHING MACHINERY

THRESHING

ENGINES

HORSE

AH Styles and

RAKE

SEPARATORS

VIBRATOR

SEPARATORS

All the Latest

Improvements "" oi i iyfr^ Sizes.

The most durable and lightest draft threshing machinery manufactured. Threshes, separates, cleans and bags ready for market. Wastes less grain, runs lighter, is stronger, more complete and durable and less liable to get out of order than an yother kind. Get our prices and terms on any size outfit you may want.

Complete catalogue of farm implements mailed free on request.

THE IMPLEMENT CO.,

1302 E. Main Street, Richmond, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

673

from what they call the Eighth Wonder of the World—Trinidad Asphalt Lake. You can find out more about it than I'll be cble to tell you in a month of Sundays, if you will wite to them Barber people for their Good Roof Guide Book."

"Yes, sir, the mill people might have had their eld shacks still standing if they'd used a little common sense before it was too late. Any fool can learn from his own experience, but I tell you it's a wise mae that learns from the experience of others."

"You're dead right, Sim. I'm going to remember that. Meantime, I've got to turn in and get my sleep out."

THE HARD-WORKING FARM WAGON.

It should not require argument to convince any one that it is economy to buy a good wagon. It is in use almost every day in the year. It has to endure all kinds of treatment, carry all kinds of loads, often over roads and through sloughs and along hillsides which should be considered impassable, and is necessarily exposed to all kinds of weather. The wagou is expected to stand all this, and to be found doing duty after a long term of years. It is a trying service. Naturally only the wagons that are built with scrupulous honesty are equal to the duty.

Among the wagons that have proved their worth and given long, satisfactory service is the line manufactured by the International Harvester Company. Those are: the Weber, the Columbus, and tbe New Battendorf Each of these wagons is of proven quality-standing up vear after year under the most trying tests that wagons are ever subjected to.

The name Weber is familiar to wagon users overywhere. It is a synonym for wagon excellence. It is in use practically all over the country. Not less can be said for the Columbus, a wagon admirably adapted to farm uses, and built by the best of skilled mechanics from thoroughly good materials. Both the Weber and the Columbus are high class wagons.

The New Battendorf differs from the Columbus and Weber in that the front and rear gears are made of steel. This adapts it to use in any climate. There can be no swelling or shrinking and drying apart, and it is a wagon that can be relied upon to carry any load the average farmer has occasion to haul.

These several makes of wagons are sold by different International local dealers. Booklets and all particulars may be had from them or correspondence direct with the main office at Chicago will receive prompt attention.

Prince Edward Co., Va., Nov. 19, '07. I think the world of the Southern Planter. ALFRED BARBER.

Are solving the hired help problem for

hundreds of farmers.

Vertical Engines made in 2 and 3-Horse Power. Horizontal Engines (Portable and Stationary) made in 4, 6. 8,10,12,15 and 20-Horse Power. Air Cooled Engines, 1-Horse Power. Traction Engines, 10,12,15 and 20-Horse Power. Also sawing, spraying: and pumping- outfits.

YOU offer high wages, and still find it difficult to get hired men. Why not do as other progressive farmers are doing—let one of the dependable and ever ready I. H. C. gasoline engines be your hired man?

Suppose you want to grind feed, shell corn, shred fodder, pump water, operate the churn, grindstone, fanning mill, separator, bone cutter, or saw wood. With an I. H. C. engine you will need no extra help. You can run the engine and attend to the machine yourself.

In the same way you will be able to do dozens of farm jobs which usually require the labor of two men. You will be surprised to find how little attention an I. H. C. engine requires.

The engine will work for you indoors

INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY OF AMERICA, Chicago, V.S.A.

(Incorporated)

or out, in wet or dry, hot or cold weather. You will have no difficulty in operating or controlling it.

Only a few cents per hour is required for fuel. All I. H. C. engines use either gas, gasoline or denatured alcohol.

Please notice in the above list of styles and sizes that there is an I. H. C. gasoline engine adapted to practically every farm requirement.

You can have a small engine which you can easily move from place to place, as your work requires, or you can have a larger engine for stationary use. The efficiency of all I. H. C. engines is well known. You cannot possibly have any better guarantee of a dependable engine than one of these engines affords.

Call on the International local agent for catalogs, and inspect these engines. Write for colored hanger and booklet on "Development of Power."

DSVniLS AND TANKS

PUMPS AND RAMS

SAW IVIILLS AND SAWS

IRON AND WIRE FENCE ARTESIAN WELL DRILLERS

Water Supply and Plumbing Systems Installed,

No Charce For Information

SYDNOR PUMP & WELL CO., Inc.,

Deot., B.

ichmond. Va.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

DETAILED INDEX.

Canning 665

Canning 665

Irish Potato Yield—Clearing Land 665

Nut Grass 666

Cream in Milk—Crimson Clover. 666

Sick Hogs 667

Poultry Business 667

White Diarrhoea 668

Crimson Clover Seeding—Corn-Stalks—Fertilizing—Peanuts ... 668

Blighted Wheat 669

Lame Ducks 670

Lime in Tannery Refuse 670

Honeysuckle 671

Sorghum for Soiling 671

Ruddy Harvester Oil

GOVERNMENT CONTRACT AWARDED

The United States government has a very strict system of making contracts for any work that they may want to have done, and have the most experienced and competent engineers and inspectors to supervise their work. We note with great pleasure that one of the representative business houses of Richmond has recently closed a contract with the government for an extensive system of temporary water supply for the military camp to he established at Pine Camp, in northern New York, about forty miles from the St. Lawrence river, near Carthage. This contract, amounting to between $15,000 and $20,000, was awarded to the Sydnor Pump and Well Co. by reason of the fact that their bid was more attractive than any one else's and further, to the fact that the government engineers had every confidence as to their ability to successfully execute and complete the work in the limited time at their disposal, as the work had to be completed by the 14th of June. This company had to give a large bond with a heavy for feit per diem, in the event of their inability to complete the work by tha time, but as they were so well equip ped for handling large water supply contracts, they had no hesitancy in bidding on this work, which consisted of laying several miles of pipe from three-fourths of an inch to four inches in size, erecting three 20.000 and two 10,000 gallon tanks on forty-foot tow ers, and installing ihrr-e large gasoline pumping pngir.es and triplex pumps. 150 phower baths, about 100 hydrants, 36 large horse watering! troughs, and other work. Tt is quite | a tribute to the enterprise of this Southern company that they secured this work in the face of Northern competition, and in the heart of the ene mies' camp, as it were.

They are prepared to install wale" supplv systems of any size, ranginc from $50 to $50,000, and make a specialty of drilling artesian wells fo-water supply. They handle a full line of wind mills, tanks, towers, gasolinr engines of all kinds, pumps of ever} kind, hydraulic rams, saw mills, saws engines, boilers.

The farmer's needs demand a heavy oil

for loose bearings, one that will work freely,

will not run, is not affected by heat or

cold, will not gum or grow rancid, that

has no acids to injure the bearings and is

at the same time economical to use.

RUDDY HARVESTER OIL answers

all of these requirements and lightens

the work of the horses, saving theii

time and strength. It works perfectly

under all conditions and in any weather, and is just as good for all sorts of farm implements as for harvesting machinery. In one gallon and five gallon cans, half-barrels and barrels.

"Lvery dealer in farm supplies carries it in stock.

STANDARD OIL COMPANY

(Incorporated)

,"4'

AMERICANSAW MILLS

RELIABLE FRICTION FEED

Ratchet Sat Works, Quick Riceder, Duplex Steel Degs. Streng,

ACCURATE AND RELIABLE

Best material and workmanship, light running; requires little power; simple, easy to handle; won't get out of order.

BELT FEED MILLS In all sizes.

Log Bean Carriages can be furnished with any of our mills.

No. 1. Warranted to cut 2,000 feet per day with 6 H. P. engine. Seven other sizes made. Also Edgers. Trimmers,, Shingle Machines, Lath Mills, Rip and Cut-Off Saws, Drag Saws, Cordwood Saws and Feed Mills. Catalogue sent free.

"Rowe, Mass., October 24, 1905.—I have a No. 1 American Saw Mill and send you an order for another just like it. I run it with my 8 H. P. portable gasoline engine; have sawed 5,000 feet of lumbr in ten hours with it without

any trouble. I use a 48-inch saw.

Yours truly, BRADLEY C. NEWELL.

AMERICAN SAW MILL MACHINERY CO., 137 Hope St., Hackettstown, N. J.

OUR AGENTS.—Watt Plow Company, Richmond, Va.; R. P. Johnson, Wytheville, Va.; Hyman Supply Company, New Berne and Wilmington, N. C; Gibbes Machinery Company, Columbia, S. C.

"he Best Power Service, with Worry, Less Trouble, Less Expense

There's no guessing or experimenting with steam. Yon know you will have power when you want It. Close your ears to the extravagant claims made tor new style powers long enough to Investigate the old reliable

■-■-■-BP-O STEAM

ENGINES

LEFFEL

Tbey are the engines for planters. All the efficiency and much more reliable than other powers. They furnish steam for many uses which gasoline engines cannot do. No trouble about °'lgnltlon, M "the sparker,** "cooling:" —no failure to start, nothing you cannot uh-[derstand. Sizes and styles adapted to all uses. Write for free book and investigate.

JAMES LEFFEL & COMPANY, BOX 213. SPRINGFIELD.

OHIO

TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS AD\ ERTISBMBN i

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

675

Eltis Champion Grain, Peanut and Cow Pea Thresher,

lunivuFncTURED by Ellis Keystone Agricultural Works, Potts town, Pa. WE MAKE FOUR SIZES OF Grain and Peanut Threshers

and Cleaners

NOS. 1, 2, 3, and 4, FOR EITHER STE/tM, LEVEK OR TREAD POWER,

All of which are guaranteed to give entire satisfaction. Our THRESHERS and CLEANERS have been thoroughly tested throughout the United States, and pronounced by the growers of GRAIN, PEANUTS, BLACK and COW PEAS as the most complete and satisfactory Threshers of the period. No grower of any of the above can afford to be without one.

For Catalog and any information desired write to

GEORGE C. BURGESS, General Southern agent, Box 182, Petersburg, Va.

MAGAZINES. A very jolly feature of the June Century is the series of Harvard, Yale and Princeton "Old College Songs"— "Fair Harvard," "I-ell" and "Old Nassau"—with drawings, eight pages in all, by John Wolcott Adams, who has done his work with a quaint touch.

Of altogether different quality, but also marked by timeliness, is Mrs. Isaac L. Rice's condemnation of "Our Barbarous Fourth"—whose "grim statistics probably furnish a sadder commentary on human folly than that afforded by any other celebration in the world"—a helpfully constructive, as well as destructive, discussion of a very live question.

There will be some new ideas for most readers in Gerald H. Thayer's discussion in this issue of "The Concealing Coloration of Animals," in which he treats at length, with much detail of interest, of Mr. Abbott H. Thayer's discoveries—first, of the great principle of counteracted light and shade," by which almost alone the long recognized 'protective coloration' of animals is achieved; and, second, that most of the colorations which have always been called 'conspicuous' are purely and potently concealing."

The serial features of the magazine would alone make the issue notable—"The Reminiscenses of Lady Randolph Churchill," Professor Per-cival Lowell's very interesting "Proofs of Life on Mars," Dr. George F. Shrady's "General Grant's Last Days," and the magic of "The Spell of Egypt," with Robert Hichen's glowing word pictures, and reproductions in full color of Jules Guerin's paintings of the Court of Amenhotep III., and the Great Colonnade, Luxor,

S3E23;

NATIONAL

Water Supply System.

FARMERS, LET US INSTALL, OUR GREAT COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEM OP WATER SUPPLY IN YOUR RESIDENCE, BARN, DAIRY OR OTHER BUILDINGS.

It will furnish you an abundance of water for all purposes from any source. Write ps, giving depth and capacity of your well or spring, and we will cheerfully submit an estimate and make suggestions as to your requirements. Satisfaction Guaranteed. DAVIDSON, BURNLEY & CO., RICHMOND, VA. 619 East Main Street.

TATE SPRING

"The Carlsbad of America"

Offers unusual attractions to the health and pleasure seeker. Hotel thoroughly modern, elegantly furnished rooms en suite with private baths, electric lights, steam heat. Excellent golf course; grassy lawns. Scenery unsurpassed—unlimited outdoor attractions. Easily accessible from principal cities.

TATE SPRING WATER For indigestion, dyspepsia and all other stomach troubles, this water has been famous for more than half a century. Endorsed by the most eminent physicians, and thousands of leading citizens. Water shipped thoroughly sealed to all parts of the United States. "Write for handsome booklet, giving full information regarding hotel and water, letters of endorsement, analysis, etc. Address

THOMAS TOMLINSON, Owner, Tate Spring, Tenn.

When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

the Colossi of Memmon, and the Temple of Medinet-Abu.

Grown-up boys, at any rate, will read the final chapters of "Three Years Behind the Guns," in the June St. Nicholas, with a little choke over the stirring details of the last days' actual service in Manila, and the starting home of the runaway sailor lad whose "true chronicles of a 'diddy-box'" have been such entertaining reading. It is good news that the "chronicles" are to appear in book form in the fall.

For all the family something in the June St. Nicholas—for the older girls and boys the serials and several clever short stories, besides Day Allen Willey's account of "Icebergs," descriptions of the new way of building houses of concrete, by Charles Barnard, and the interesting story of two boys' business venture as fence-post builders. For the younger readers there are more of Judge Curtis D. Wilbur's stories of "The Bear Family at Home," and directions, from Adelia Belle Beard, how to make all kinds of funny toys out of old envelopes, without even paste or glue.

"The Great College Boat Race as It May Soon be 'Rowed'" is the jolly timely frontispiece of the number.

HOW TO BUILD AND USE THE

SPLIT-LOG DRAG.

Office of Public Roads of the United States Department of Agriculture Issues a Bulletin On This Simple Road-Building Device. One of the latest publications issued by the Office of Public Roads of the United States Department of Agriculture treats of the split-log drag, an implement which (numerous experiments have conclusively shown to be the greatest possible boon to keep earth roads smooth and passable. Because of its simplicity, its efficiency and its cheapness, both in construction and operation, it is destined to come more and more into general use. With the drag properly built and its use well understood, the maintenance of earth roads becomes a simple and inexpensive matter.

At the present time there are approximately 2,000,000' miles of earth roads in the United States. Some of the most of these roads will eventually be improved with stone, gravel, and other materials. Many others, which are equally important, cannot be so improved on account of lack of funds, or suitable materials, while still others will not require such treatment because of the light traffic Lo which they are subjected. For these reasons the majority of our road-must be maintained as earth roads for many years to come. This must be done by inexpensive methods, and

THREEHIGBMsmimGONS

f

& m££ ^^LML^ ^

W

■ivv : ■ -5^-

y-l:

.j-K-;

A FARM wagon has much hard work to do. It must haul heavy loads, travel over rough roads and be out in all kinds of weather. When you buy a farm wagon you want to get many years' service from it. You will not be disappointed if you buy any one of the three wagons described below.

The 63-Year-Old Weber

The King of all farm wagons. Only the very best and most thoroughly seasoned wood is used; ironed to make a wagon that lasts a lifetime. Light running, convenient and a wagon of fine appearance.

The Popular Columbus

Built in a factory where most exacting conditions are enforced. Air seasoned wood stock, ironing which gives great strength and durability, workmanship by thorough mechanics and every part thoroughly tested.

New Bettendorf Steel Gear Wagon

Front and rear gears made of steel. Parts riveted together, not bolted. A wagon that is proof against breakdowns. Nothing can work loose or rattle, and there can be no warping, drying apart, shrinking or rotting.

You should remember above everything else that a cheap, poorly constructed wagon is dear at any price.

Before you buy any wagon call on the International local agents and learn all the superior points of the Weber, Columbus and New Bettendorf wagons. They will show you the wagons and hand you printed matter giving all particulars. Or if you prefer write direct to the home office. INTERNATIONAL HARVESTER COMPANY OF AMERICA. CHICAGO, V. S. A.

(Incorporated)

he Raney Canning Outfit

will save your fruit and vegetables; costs little; keeps money on the farm and brings more on. We furnish them to work on cook stove or furnace for either home or market canning. Their small cost will be saved in one day. Send for circulars and prices. With each outfit we furnish free a book of instructions, telling how to can all kinds of fruits and vegetables. Prices from $5 to $30.

All sizes of tin cans at the lowes^ market price. Write for our complete catalogue of farm machinery.

THE IMPLEMENT COMPANY,

1302 E. Main St., - . . Richmond, Va.

Hanover Co., Va., Jan. 11, '08. I had rather have the Southern Planter than any other paper I know of and I enjoy it very much.

F. A. BUTLER.

Madison Co., Tenn., Jan. 13, '08. The Southern Planter is the best paper of its kind published, and it is hard to do without it.

SID. S. BOND.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

677

HBNRY C. STUART, President.

JOHN STEWART BRYAN, Vice-President.

M. A CHAMBEK,;, Secretary.

1908 - - Virginia State Fair - - 108

RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

>CT<

5-6-7-8-9-

PREMIUM LIST WILL BE READY JULY 1st. SEND YOUR ADDRESS.

In addition to the announcements in the FARM PRODUCTS DEPARTMENT, attention is directed to the folowing premiums, which are especially liberal, and which will prove an incentive for representative displays:

First Second

Largest yield of hay from one acre... $50 00 $25 00

Largest yield of corn from one acre.. 50 00 25 00

LIVE STOCK SALE.

Arrangements are now being made to hold a LIVE STOCK SALE upon the FAIR GROUNDS during the latter part of the Fair. Prospective Sellers are urged to communicate information regarding proposed arrangements to the General Manager. This sale will positively be held and will be made a permanent feature.

This department will be carried on upon the same high plane witnessed in 1906 and 1907, and every effort made to embrace therein all classes and breeds which are adapted to our State. The splendid exhibits of those years has prompted the various Live Stock Associations to offer liberal Special Prizes at the coming Fair, among which may be mentioned 9 gold medals and champion cup (value $100) of the Percheron Society of America; $45 by the American Oxford Down Record Association; the handsome silver trophy of the Berkshire Association for Virginia Berkshires; $150, American Hereford Cattle Breeders' Association; $100, American Aberdeen Angus Breeders' Association; $250, Red Polled Cattle Club of America; $500, American Shorthorn Breeders' Association; $100 trophy of the American Saddle Horse Breeders' Association.

Below are shown specimen classifications (subject to modification) from the Premium List.

JERSEY.

First Second

Bull 3 years old and over $20 00 $10 00

Bull 2 years old and under 3 20 00 10 00

Bull 1 year old and under 2 20 00 10 00

Bull under one year 15 00 10 00

Cow 3 years old and over 20 00 10 00

Heifer 2 years old and under 3 20 00 10 00

Heifer 1 year old and under 2 20 00 10 00

Heifer under one year 15 00 10 00

Exhibitor's Herd.

Consisting of one bull 2 years old or

over, one cow 3 years old or over,

one heifer 2 years old and .under

under 3, one heifer one year old and

under 2, and one heifer under 1 year 30 00 15 00

Breeder's Young Herd. Consisting of one bull under 2 years,

and four heifers under 2 years, all

except bull to be bred by exhibitor 15 00 10 00

Get of Sire.

Four animals, either sex, any age IB 00

Produce of Cow.

Two animals, either sex, any age 15 00

I Championship.

Bull, any age 25 00

Cow or Heifer, any age 25 00

Berkshire.

Boar two years old and over $12 00 $6 00

Boar one year old and under 2 12 00 6 00

Boar six and under twelve months 10J)0 6 00

Boar under six months 8 00 4 00

Sow two years old or over 12 00 6 00

Sow one year old and under 2.... 12 00 6 00

Sow six and under twelve months old 10 00 5 00

Sow under six months 8 00 4 00

Breeder's Ring.

4 swine, any age, the get of one boar 12 08 7 00

4 pigs any age, produce of one sow 12 00 7 00

Exhibitor's Herd.

Boar and three sows, over one year

old, all owned by exhibitor 12 00 7 00

Breeder's Young Herd.

Boar and three pigs, under one year

old, bred by exhibitor 12 00 7 00

Championship.

Boar, any age IB 00 Res.

Sow, any age 15 00 Res.

DORSET-HORN.

Ram two years old or over $10 00

Ram one year old and under two 8 00

Ram under one year old 8 00

Ewe two years old or over 10 00

Ewe one year old and under two 8 00

Ewe under one year old 8 00

Exhibitor's Flock.

Consisting of ram one year old or over, ewe 2 years old or over, ewe one year old and and under two, and ewe under one year old 15 00

Get of Sire

Pen of four lambs, the get of one sire 8 00 Championship.

Ram, any age 6 00 Res. Rib

Ewe, any age 6 00 Res. Rib

3 00

00

Rib. Rib.

$5 00

6 00 4 00

The 1908 Premium List, which will contain the classification of all departments in full will be ready for mailing July 1st, and will contain inducements which will make the Fair an unqhalified success—especial attention being devoted to each of the live stock classes, Farm Products, Horticultural Products, Poultry, etc., etc. And In the classification of the Domestic, Fine and Culinary Arts Departments it will be seen that the co-operation of our gentlewomen Is urgently requested in order that the Fair may take another step toward complete success.

For any and all Information address MARK W. LLOYD, General Manager Virginia State Fair Association, Richmond, Va. j

Send your address so that Premium List may be mailed you July 1st.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

[July,

the split-log drag will bo a powerful aid if economy is the criterion demanded.

In the construction of this implement, care should be taken to make it so light that one man can lift it with ease, a light drag responding more readily to various methods of bitching than a heavy one, as well as to the shifting of the position of the operator. The best material for u split-log drag is a dry red cedar log, though red elm and walnut are excellent, and box elder, soft mayle, or even willow are superior to oak, hickory, or ash. The log should be between seven and ten feet long and from ten to twelve inches in diameter at the butt end. It should be split carefully as near the center as possible, and the heaviest and best slab chosen for the front. In the front slab four inches from the end which is to drag in the middle of the road bore a two-inch hole wtiich is to receive a cross stake. At a distance of twenty-two inches from the ozhec end of the front slab, locate the center for another cross stake. The hole for the middle stake will be on a line connecting and halfway between th(= two. Then place the back slab m position and from the end which is to drag in the middle of the road measure twenty inches for the center of one cross stake and six inches from the other end locate the center of the opposite stake. The hole for the center stake should be located halfway between the two All these holes should be carefully bored perpendicular, or at right angles to the face of the split log.

If these directions are followed it will be found that when the holes of the front and back slabs are brought opposite each other, one end of the back slab will be sixteen inches nearer the center of the roadway than the front one. That gives what is known as "set back." The stakes, which are thirty inches long, will hold the slabs this distance apart. When the stakes have been firmly wedged into their sockets, a brace about two inches thick and four inches wide may be placed diagonally to them at the ditch end of the drag. A cleated board is placed between the slabs and across the stakes for the driver to stand on.

By many it is deemed best to place a strip of iron along the lower face of the front slab for a cutting blade and to prevent the drag from wearing. The drag may be fastened to the doubletree by means of a trace chain. The chain should be wrapped around the left-hand or rear stake and passed over the front r-i'.ab. Raising the chain at this end o? the slab permits the earth to drift past the face of the drag. The other end of th° chain should be passel through a hole in the opposite end of the front slab

Let us Give you tKe Facts

Before you buy ensilage machinery. Get all the facts—don't stick on Just one point. Remember it's the all-around right working machine that makes the work gt> on fast and sure.

WE OFFER YOU THE PROOFS OF

4*

OHIO

99

ENSILAGE

CUTTER

SUPERIORITY

They are not One-Point Machines

They are right in speed, in cutting, in elevating, in self-feeding, in power, in packing the silo, i« convenience—everything.

The only complaint ever heard about the famous "OHIO" Ensilage Cutterg and Blowers is

"Can't get tKe corn to tHe Machine fast EnovigH."

Six sizes of Blowers. Cut 4 to 30 tons per hour. Run with 4 to 14 horse power. Elevate to any height silo. Perfect self-feed; bulldog grip., Patented distributor saves labor. Simple, strong and durable.

Be sure to write for our fine free 100-page Ensilage Cutter Catalogue and learn why the "Ohio" is the machine you should buy. Address

THE SILVER MFG. CO., SALEM, OHIO.

Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac R*R,

and

Washington Southern Railway*

DOUBLE-TRACK LINK.

Connecting the

Atlantic Coa»t Railroad^

Baltimore A Ohio Railroad,

Chesapeake A Ohio Railway*

Pennsylvania Railroad,

Seaboard Air Una Railway,

Southern Railway

Between All Point* via

Richmond, Ya n and

Waahtestom, D. O.

W. P. TAYLOR, Traffic Manager,

THH GATEWAY between the NORTH AND gOVTH. FA8T MAIL,

PASSENGER, EXPRESS AND FREIGHT ROVfm,

W. M. TAYLOR, TraT. Pmaa, Ajraaft.

GROUND PHOSPHATE ROCft

Will double tha productiveness of your farm. One application lasts for years. Carries double the phosphoric acid of acid phosphate—costs less than half. Write your Congressman for Farmers' Bulletin, No. 262 of U. S. Ex. Station. For prices, etc., address.

W. B. ALEXANDER & CO.

Kit, Pleasant, Tenn.

THE SOUTHSLL\ T PLANTER.

079

and held by a pin passed through a link.

For ordinary purposes, the hitch should be made so that the unloaded drag will follow the team at an angle of about 45 degrees. The team should be driven with one horse on either side of the right-hand wheel track or rut the full length of the portion to be dragged, and made to return in the same manner over the other half of the roadway. Such treatment will move the earth towards the center of the roadway and raise it gradually above the surrounding level.

The best results have been obtained by dragging roads once each way after each heavy rain. In some cases, however, one dragging every three or four weeks has been found sufficient to keep a road in good condition.

When the soil is moist but not sticky, the drag dqes its best work. As the soil in a field will bake if plowed wet, so the road will bake if the drag is used on it when it is wet. If the roadway is full of holes or badly rutted, the drag should be used once when the ground is soft and slushy. This is particularly applicable before a cold spell in winter, when it is possible to so prepare the surface that it will freeze smooth.

Not infrequently conditions are met which may be overcome by a slight change in the manner of hitching. A short hitch of the chain tends to lift the front slab and make the cut

tinfi slight, while a longer hitch causes the front slab to sink more deeply into the earth and act on he principle of a plow.

If a furrow of earth is to be moved, the doubletree should be attached close to the ditch end of the drag, and the driver should stand with one foot on the extreme forward end of the front slab.

Conditions are so varied in different localities, however, that it is quite impossible to lay down specific rules. Certain sections of a roadway will require more attention than others, because of steep grades, wet weather springs, soil conditions, exposure to sun and wind, washes, etc-There is one condition, however, in which special attention should be given. Clay roads under persistent draggings frequently become too high in the center. This may be corrected by dragging the earth towards the center of the road twice, and away from it once.

There is no question as to the economy of this road making implement, either in the first cost or in operation. In six counties in Kansas in 1906, the cost of maintaining ordinary earth roads, without the aid of the split-log drag, averaged $42.50 a mile. These figures were furnished by Professor W. C. oad, of the University of Kansas, who secured them from official records of the counties.

Some figures furnished by F. P. Sanborn and R- H. Aishton, General Manager of the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad, have revealed the wonders of this simple device. Mr. Sanborn said "the least expense per mile per annum for split-log dragging was $1.50, the greatest a little over $6.0'0, and the average expense per mile for 5% miles a little over $3.00. 1 have lived along this road all my life and never in 40 years have I seen it freer from mud and dust, despite the fact that during the season we have experienced the extremes of weather conditions."

The testimony of Mr. Aishton is equally strong. Learning that a township in Iowa had been making an investigation of the split-log drag and had been experimenting with it on 28 miles of highway, he sent an agent to secure information. It was reported that although the town board had paid the cost of making the drags and of hiring men to operate them, the total expense for one year averaged but $2.40 a mile, and the roads were reported to have been "like a race track" the greater portion of the year-

Southampton Co., Va., Jan. 11, '08.

Your paper should be read by every

farmer, not only in Virginia, but in

all the Southern States. It is indis-

pensible with an up to date farmer.

ORIZZARD BROS.

Implements, Machinery, Vehicles.

Wind-Rower for Pea Crop, attachable to any make of Slower. Saves Cost Daily.

Fairbanks-Morse Gasoline and Kerosene Engines, Wind--Mills, Towers, Tanks, New Holland Corn and Cob Mills, Wood Saws, Owensuoro ana Buckeye Farm Wagons, Hickory and Peters Buggies an-d Carriages, Bissel and Genuine Dixie Plows and Repairs, J. I. Case Portable and Traction Engines, Separators.

Artesian Wells and Complete Water Works installed anywhere.. State requirements, and we will submit estimates.

epairs For All Farm Machinery.

POSTAL US FOR CATALOGUES OR ANT INFORMATION DESIRED.

GER & BRO., INC

F. C.

1432 East Main Street Richmond, Va.

(F. C. Hoennlger, Pre*. & Tre».; T. W. Hoennlger, V.-Prea. & Mgr.; L. O. Boone, Secy.)

THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER.

[July,

(.6

_ The above sketch shows Mr. Oliver Harris, hauling a load of hay across his marshy meadow. He writes The Electric Wheel Co., Quincy, 111., that this is the first load of hay ever hauled over this meadow in April as he could never get through the mud with his high wheel, narrow tired wagons. With alow wheel, wide tired Handy Wagon such as The Electric Wheel Co. make, he finds it an easy job and claims he saves 823.00. the price of this wagon, in horse-flesh alone, every year.

Our readers with muddy meadows or soft roads will be interested in a catalogue of these wagons which the above company sends free for the asking.

WHEN TOMMY BATHES.

"You must keep your mouth shut when you're in the water," said the nurse, as she gave little Tommy a bath. "If you don't, you'll swallow some of it."

"Well, what of it?" demanded Tommy. "There's plenty more in the pipes, ain't there?"

— May Lippincott's

Knox Co., Tenn., Dec. 31, '08. I like the Southern Planter best of all the farm papers. W. B. COBB.

CRITICAL EYE FOR BABIES.

The five-year-old daughter of a Brooklyn man has had such a large experience of dolls that she feels herself to be something of a connoisseur in children.

Recently there came baby into the house.

When it was put into her arms the five-year-old surveyed it with a critical eye.

a real live

"Isn't it a nice baby?" asked the

nurse.

"Yes, it's nice," answered the youngster hesitatingly. "It's nice, but its head's loose."—July Lippincott's.

Loudoun Co., Va., Jan. 15, '08.

The Southern Planter is a valuable paper and should be in the hands of every farmer in Virginia.

O. 1. THOMAS.

fc

i. Ix*^jC*3<

First Class Nursery Stock of ail kinds.

WSOLBSALB

AHD

RETAIL.

Wa make a specialty of handling dealara' orders. ALL STOCK TRUE TO NAME.

CALIFORNIA PSSVET. Jar KgdgiRp. WRITE FOR CATALOasjJL

. . AGENTS WANTED. . .

FRANKLIN DAVIS NURSERY CO., BalftlmoF*. Mci.

W. K. BACHH.

S. S. HITLFORD.

HARDIN K. BACHS3.

CYRUS McC. BACHH.

W. K. BACHE, SONS & MULFORD.

1406 East Main Street, Richmond, Va.

" Everything used on the Farm."

Farming flachinery, Vehicles, Harness.

PERFECT"

Tongueless Disc Harrow with Fore* truck.

Easy on team.

Easy to Operate.

"Keystone" Single Row Corn Planter. "Bradley" Double Row Corn Planter. "Little Jap" Disc Riding Cultivator. ".Tanesville" Disc Riding Cultivator. These Cultivators can be converted into Riding Disc Harrows or into Hoe Cultivator. De Laval Cream Separators. Thornhill and Tennessee Farm Wagons. "Anderson" Buggies, Surreys &c.

"Deering" and "Johnston" Binders, Mowers and Hay Rakes. Twine, Oil and Repairs.

Write for Circular and Prices on Anything Needed.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER.

681

BADLY DECEIVED.

Mr. Jaggers (returning from the beach at one A. M. ( and finding his wife waiting for him at the head of the staircase): "The two-headed w-w-woman 'n' the m-m-movin' stairway, b'gosh! I'm back at Coney Island after all!"—July Lippincott's.

SUNDAY SCHOOL PHILOSOPHY.

A Sunday school teacher had instructed her class that each child should repeat a verse of Scripture when the offering was made. The plate containing many pennies had gone down the line, when the child next the last said, "The Lord loveth a a cheerful giver," depositing a nickel.

Either the verses had given out or the child at the end of the bench was overcome at her neighbor's generosity for she said, "A fool and hith money are thoon parted."—July Lippincott's.

SPIRITED REPARTEE.

In making a sharp turn, the rear end of a street-car struck an express wagon laden with jugs of whiskey. Nearly all the jugs were precipitated to the pavement with the natural disastrous result. The driver of the wagon alighted, and pointing at the pile of demolished earthenware, said to a bystander, "That's hell, ain't it?"

The spectator, who happened to be a minister, replied, "Well, my friend, I don't know that I would say that, but it's at least the abode of departed spirits."—July Lippincott's.

THE HOI POLLOI.

A pleasant tale is now being told of the British king and his tactful grace in administering a rebuke. Not long ago he attended a garden fete at a house more remarkable for Its lavish hospitality than for its observance of British social traditions; and among the guests, to his surprise, he encountered Poole, the famous tailor. This latter gentleman appeared to be both disturbed land disgruntled.

"Oh, your Majesty," groaned he, "what a mixed company! I look about me, and I see tea magnates, and American millionaires, and upstart politicians, and nobodies without number. What is society coming to, when a house of this kind Invites such a mixture.

The King smiled, and puffed thoughtfully at his cigar. "Well, Mr. Poole," said he blandly, after a pause, "at least we must be thankful that they have Included you and me!"— July Lippincott's.

HAS THE "EVERLASTING" TANK OFFER APPEALED TO YOU?

We call it the "Everlasting" Tank because we use only a special analysis of Genuine Ingot Corrugated Iron in its construction. These Tanks are taking the place of Plain Tanks every day and, while stronger in every way, they cost only a trifle more.

"Everlasting" Tanks always stand up well under the severest usage. They are being adopted by successful farmers everywhere! Write To-day for Sizes and Prices.

WELL WORTH INVESTIGATING—CORRUGATED METAL CULVERTS.

They are simple, convenient, strong and durable and their low price makes them practical in every sense of the word. They:

Cost little originally.

Are light and easy to install.

Do not break in handling-

Are not affected by extreme heat or cold.

Do not fall down at outlet.

Require no continual repairing.

Are not washed out or injured by floods.

Are ready for immediate service.

Are made of Special Ingot Iron, double galvanized.

Will not rust out.

Manufactured Under Letters Patent No. 559,642. Illustrated Catalogue Upon Request.

Correspondence invited—for information address:

VIRGINIA METAL CULVERT COMPANY,

Manufacturers. 1701-1715 E. Cary St. RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

..ELMWOOD NURSERIES..

—We are Growers and Offer a Fine Aeeortmen tof—

Balden Co., N. C, Dec. 9, '07.

I like the Southern Planter better than any agricultural paper I know of and do not expect to be without it. C. O. MERCER.

APPLES,

CHERRIES,

NECTARINES,

GOOSEBERRIES,

RASPBERRIES,

ORNAMENTALS,

PEACHES, PLUMS

GRAPE VINES, STRA WHERRIES, ASPARAGUS, SHADE TREES,

PEARS,

APRICOTS,

CURRANTS,

DEWBERRIES,

HORSERADISH,

HEDGE PLANTS.

WRITE FOB CATALOGUE.

J. B. WATKINS& BRO., Midlothian, Va.

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER

[July,

REPORTS.

United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Bureau of Animal Industry. Bull. 105. Varieties of Cheese.

Bureau of Animal Industry. Circular 113. Classification for American Carriage Horses.

Office of Experiment Stations. Experiment Station Record, Vol. XIX, No. 9.

Forest Service. Circular 138. Suggestions to woodlot owners in the Ohio Valley region.

Forest Service Circular 149. Condition of _Cut-over Long Leaf Pine Lands in Mississippi.

Bureau of Plant Industry. Circular 10'. Notes on Diry Farming.

Farmers' Bulletin No. 246. Saccharine Sorghums for Forage.

Farmers' Bulletin No- 322. Milo as a Dry Land Grain Crop.

Farmers' Bull., No. 324. Sweet Pa-tatoes.

United States Department of the Interior. Bureau of Education, Washington, D. C. Bull. 2, 1907. Agricultural Education. Colorado Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Colo. Bull. 128. Alfalfa Studies.

Bull. 129. Extraction of Beeswax.

Bull. 130. The Evergreen Trees of Colorado.

Illinois Experiment Station, Urbana, 111. Bull. 124. Marketing the Musk Melon.

Bull 125- Thirty Years of Crop Rotation on the Common Prairie Soils of Illinois. Kansas Experiment Station, Manhattan, Kan. Press Bull. 161. The Chinch Bug.

Bull. 162. Late Crops.

Maryland State Horticultural Society. Report of the Society. Vol. X., 1907. C. P. Close, Secretary, College Park, Md.

Nebraska Experiment Station, Lin- |

coin, Neb. Bull. 104. Cultivation of Small Grains. New Mexico Experiment Station, Agricultural College, N. M. 18th Annual Report, 1906-1907-North Carolina State Department of Agriculture, Raleigh, N. C. Entomological Circular No. 17. Bordeaux Mixture and Paris Green.

Entomological Circular No. 20. The Coddling Moth.

Entomological Circular 23. Orchard Inspections, 1907- List of Larger Fruit Growers.

Some Suggestions for the Improvement of Farm Homes.

Virginia Sanatorium for Consumptives

IRONVILLE, BEDFORD COUNTY, VIRGINIA.

In the Blue Ridge, Elevation 1400 Feet. On the N. & W. Ry., 12 HUei East

of Roanoke.

An eleemosynary institution furnishing the modern hygienic-dietetic treatment at cost or less, according to means of patient and institution. Maximum rate. Including all essentials, $10 per week.

For full particulars, medical records, etc., address

D W. R. READ. Secty. MARCUS JUNGER. M. D., Medical Supt.

CASE CRANK SHIFT CULTIVATOR

This Cultivator is a combination of two popular types—the "Crank Shift" and "Pendulum Swing" the best

features of both being combined in it.

The Shift.—The shifting or dodging of the gangs is done by a straight forward and back movement of the feet. The leverage is so powerful that it is done with practically no effort, and the gang responds so auickly that crooked corn can be perfectly cultivated.

The Lever».—When at work the levers are down. Raising them a few Inches brings the coil lift springs Into play, and the gangs are lifted high without effort on the part of the operator. Mounted on the main levers are racks and short levers used in regulating the depth of cultivation with either gang, each independent of the other. To cultivate deep with either gang, it is only necessary to set the short lever backward or forward to cultivate shallow. By this ingenious arrangement of levers, one gang can be lowered to follow a dead furrow, and the other raised to cultivate a '•idge, or both lowered in crossing a furrow or low spot. Setting the gangs with the short lever has no effect on their being lifted full height out of the ground with the main levers.

The Telescope Axle.—Like all other features, this one is perfect, and permits a range of adjustment between wheels from 44 Inches out to 52 inches.

The Wheels.—The wheels are made with removable and capped hub— the kind that can be greased right without removing anything but the cap. Better than dustproof, for every greasing forces out all the old grease and any dirt that may have gotten Into the bearing.

CASE WALKING CULTIVATOR.

When in action the adjusting springs come immediately over the axle but as tire gangs are raised from the ground the springs are carried out from the center and increase in pressure as the handles are raised.

OUR COMPLETE CATALOGUE, GIVING PRICES ON ALL FARM MACHINERY, SENT FREE ON REQUEST

THE IMPLEMENT COMPANY,

1302 E. MAIN ST., RICHMOND. VA.

IMPLEMENTS, VEHICLES AND MACHINERY

THE WATT PLOW CO., Richmond, Va.

McOormick & Deering Mowers, Hay Rakes and Binders

John Deere Hay Loader A great Labor Saver

Columbus Wrenn, Continental and John Deere Buggies and Surreys

McCormick & Deering Corn Binders

p uckeye Comb ine d Grain and F er tilizer Drill with

Grass Seed Attachment

Pittsburg Perfect Fence, Welded'by Electricty— Three Styles—] i for Hogs, Cattle and Poultry^

John Deere Sulky and Gang Plows

John Deere, Buckeye & Avery Shovel Cultivators. John Deere and Continental Disc Cultivators and Harrows

We invite your correspondence if you connot visit us, and will gladly give any information desired.

THE WATT PLOW CO., RICHMOND, VA.

1426 East Main Street. 1438 East Franklin Street.