Established 1840. 



THE 



Seventieth Year. 



Southern Planter 

A MONTHLY JOURNAL 

DEVOTED TO 

Practical and Progressive Agriculture, Horticulture, 
Trucking, Live Stock and the Fireside. 

OFFICE: 28 NORTH NINTH STREET, RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING COMPANY. 

J. F. JACKSON, Editor. 



Proprietors. 



Vol. 70. 



JUNE, 1909. 



No. 6. 



CONTENTS. 



FARM MANAGEMENT: 



Editorial — Work for the Month 577 

Alfalfa in Eastern Virginia 579 

Alfalfa and Its Needs -580 

Fertilizers and Fertility 581 

Farm Notes 582 

Notes on the April Planter 583 

Notes and Comments on May Issue 585 

TRUCKING, GARDEN AND ORCHARD: 

Editorial — Work for the Month 587 

Trucking Prospects in Tidewater Virginia.. 588 

Fruit Prospects in Virginia 588 

Institute Work by the Virginia State Horti- 
cultural Society 588 

The Cotton Situation and Southern Trucking 589 

LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY: 

Editorial — Dairying in Virginia 590 

Holsteins in Virginia 590 

Hog Feeding Problems 591 

Improving the Live Stock 593 

Dairy Progress in Virginia 594 

Tuberculosis in Cattle 595 

The Moore's Brook Berkshire Herd 596 

The Progress of Dairy Education in the 

South 597 



Control of Hog Cholera by Serum Immuni- 
zation 599 

The Corn Prizes 600 

THE POULTRY YARD: 

Poultry Notes 601 

Wholesale Hatching With Hens 601 

The Virginia State Farmers' Institute 602 

The Bacon Hog 602 



THE HORSE: 

Cotton Seed Meal for Horses. 

MISCELLANEOUS: 



603 



The Commissioner of Agriculture for 

Virginia 604 

The Virginian Agricultural Institute 606 

Steam Plowing at Wilton 608 

The Nomination of a Commissioner of 

Agriculture 609 

The Terms of the Corn Prize Contest 61S 

Virginia State Fair — the First Week in 

October 616 

Horse Notes 618 

Enquirers' Column (Detail Index, p. 660) 644 

Advertisements , ; . . . 611 



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The Southern Planter. 



DEVOTED TO 



PRACTICAL AND PROGRESSIVE AGRICULTURE, HORTICULTURE, 
TRUCKING, LIVE STOCK AND THE FIRESIDE. 



Agriculture Is the nursing mother of the Arts— XENOPHOIN. 
Tillage and pasturage are the two breasts of the State. — SULLY. 



70th Year. 



RICHMOND, VA., JUNE, 1909. 



No. 6. 



Farm Management. 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 

The month of May to this writing has not been so favor- 
able a. one for the progress of the crops already planted 
as was the month of April. The weather has been fine 
but dry, no rain having fallen over the greater part of 
the State since the month came in until to-day (21st), 
the consequence has been that growth has been slow, and 
from many sections we have reports that both wheat, 
oats and grass have practically come to a standstill, and 
the land has become so hard that plowing had to be 
suspended. The nights also have been cold. This con- 
dition has not been peculiar to this State, but more or 
less general over the whole of the Southern States, and 
more intensely so over some of the middle States. There 
is considerable complaint of injury to the wheat crop 
from these States, and planting of the cotton and corn 
crops is being delayed. To-day, 21st of May, we have had 
a fine rain, which continues, and we hope will continue 
for another day or two. If so, great good will be done 
and the work of planting the crops can be resumed with 
a prospect of quick growth, as the ground is now warm 
O' er the whole country the season is late. In the spring 
wheat belt the seeding of the crop is two to three weeks 
behind normal, and the yield will much depend on a late 
fall. The area planted has been increased about 1,000,000 
acres over that harvested last year, but even with tnis 
increase the area of the wheat crop — winter and spring — 
is still more than 1,000,000 less than that harvested last 
year, assuming that all the spring wheat seeded comes 
to maturity. The winter wheat area to be harvested is 
about 27,871,000 acres, or 2,475,000 acres less than the 
area harvested in 1908. The effect of this shortage in 
production coming upon an existing shortage, both here 
end in Europe has had the effect of pushing up the price 
of wheat on the market to near $1.50 per bushel. A lead- 
ing member of the Mark Lane Exchange (London) has 
recently stated that the available wheat in England is 
more than 1,000,000 bushels less than it ought to be to 
enable current requirements to be met as they arise, and 
that millers cannot secure prompt delivery of grain at 
even the increased price now current. Much severe com- 



ment has been made with reference to the "corner" in 
wheat which has recently squeezed a large number of 
operators on the market, but this could never have oc- 
curred but for the fact of the actual conditions operative 
in the market. Those who engineered the "corner" had 
butter guaged actual conditions and realized that demand 
had overtaken supply, and whether they had operated or 
not the price of wheat was bound to advance. We pre- 
dicted this more than a year ago. We have been gradu- 
ally coming to this for several years. As Mr. James J. 
Hill pointed out more than a year ago, we have got 
either to grow a much larger area of wheat or to make 
more to the acre, or the time will soon be here when 
this country will have to depend upon other countries to 
feed the people. We have not increased the area or the 
production commensurate with the increased population 
of the country, and the natural result is now being real- 
ized. The laws of supply and demand will control whether 
"corner makers" operate or not. We do not see any rea- 
sonable probability of wheat selling below a dollar a 
bushel again for years to come. The average condition 
of the present crop is 83.5 compared with 89 on May 1, 
1908, and 86 the average for the past ten years. This 
with the decreased acreage indicates under normal con- 
ditions of weather up to harvest a crop of less than 
400,000,000 bushels of winter wheat. In Virginia the con- 
dition is 98, or ten points above the lien-year average. 
In North Carolina it is 92, or 6 points above the ten-year 
average. In South Carolina it is the same as North 
Carolina. In Maryland it is 96, or 7 points above the 
ten-year average. In Tennessee it is 92, or 8 points above 
the ten-year average. These figures go to show that our 
prospects for a wheat crop this year are good, though we 
are afraid some damage has been done since these figures 
were fixed by the dry weather we had in May, but we 
do not think this will be large, and is not likely to be in- 
creased, as we have had gocd rains in time to check furth- 
er injury. The time is propitious for a great extention of 
wheat growing in the South. We do not now grow enough 
to feed our own people, and we ought at least to do this, 
and with the prospects for continued good prices — indi- 



578 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[June, 



cated above, steps should at once be taken to prepare for 
this extension. What our soils need to make wheat pro 
duction profitable is more humus in them and better prep 
aration of the land before seeding. Cowpeas and crim- 
son clover are the best sources from which to secure the 
humus, and should be grown on all land intended to be 
used for wheat production. Cowpeas should follow the 
oat and wheat crops now growing, and these when the 
land is not put into wheat or oats again this fall should 
be followed by crimson clover. We have known a single 
cowpea crop to increase the yield of wheat ten bushels 
to the acre. The land should be deeply broken for the 
cowpeas, and be finely prepared, and an application of 
250 or 300 pounds of acid phosphate per acre be applied 
broadcast, and be worked in. This will usually insure a 
heavy growth of peas, and also greatly help the wheat 
following. The cowpea crop snould be cut into the land 
with the disc harrow, and not plowed down previous to 
seeding the wheat. When plowed down it is not possible 
to secure the firm seed bed which wheat requires, and 
much of the nitrogen gathered by the peas is lost by 
the roots being turned on to the surface. Land which has 
been well and deeply broken and finely prepared for the 
pea crop will be in good order for wheat when the crop 
is cut in with the disc, and the vegetable matter not bur- 
ied will act as a surface mulch to the crop and largely 
prevent winter killing. None of the Southern States grow 
$1,000,000 acres of wheat. Virginia, which grows the most, 
has this year only 782,000 acres, and ought to have at 
least twice that area. To feed our own people we need 
to produce 11,000,000 bushels per year, and do not make 
it; and all the other Southern States are still further be- 
hind meeting their own consumption. 



The latest reports from the cotton planting sections 
would seem to indicate that a good deal of land which 
it was expected would be planted in cotton, is being put 
into corn. The advance of the Boll weevil northward is 
a menace which planters are loth to tackle, and this, 
coupled with the lower price for which the last crop 
has sold, and the great advance in the price of corn has, 
no doubt, had much to do with this change of purpose. 
We are not sorry to see this change of crop. We have 
always regretted the shortsighted policy of Southern cot- 
ton planters in growing cotton to sell to buy corn to feed 
themselves and their teams. It has been abundantly 
proven that corn can be produced in the South of bet- 
ter quality than Western corn, and with a greater yield 
per acre, and at a cost of from fifteen to twenty cents 
per bushel. Surely, when it costs from eighty cents to a 
dollar to buy a bushel of corn from the West, which it 
has done for some time past, it is the heignt of econ- 
omic madness going on producing from a half to three- 
quarters of a bale of cotton per acre, worth at present 
prices from $25.00 to $37.50, when it is just as easy to 
make fifty bushels of corn to the acre at a cost of from 
$7.50 to $10.00 per acre, and worth on the market from 
$37.50 to $50.00, and which corn the growers are bound 
to have to keep themselves and their teams alive. The 
curtailment of the area planted in cotton will make it 
easier to give better attention to that which is planted, 
and thus bring the production nearer up to a bale to the 



acre, which will make its production profitable at present 
prices, and this profit will be a clear gain, as it will not 
have to be paid out for corn and meat supplies. The dry 
weather we had in May has, we fear, caused cotton stands 
not to be as good as might be wished, and the plants are 
small, and needing moisture to push them on for chop- 
ping to a stand. In some sections much has yet to be 
planted. This should have immediate attention, now, that 
we have had rain, and that already planted should have 
frequent cultivation to encourage growth. As soon as 
large enough chop to a stand, and thus get rid of the 
surplus plants, which are consuming plant food which the 
plants left to make the crop will need. At the last work 
ing of the crop sow crimson clover to make a cover for 
the land in winter, and supply humus and nitrogen to 

the soil. 

There is yet a good deal of corn to be planted, as the 
dry weather in many sections brought planting to a 
standstill in the middle of May. This should have imme- 
diate attention, as the white corn ought to be all planted 
by the tenth of June,* if possible, except, it may be 
on the river low grounds, where it may be planted 
up to the middle of the month. After that time 
it is safer to plant yellow corn, which may be done up 
to the end of the month, with a certainty of making a 
crop fully matured, .if the season be normal. Corn planted 
in the early part of May is looking healthy, though it has 
not grown fast, owing to the dry weather and cold nights. 
Cultivation should be frequent and shallow to push the 
growth. Don't let a crust get formed on the surface to 
waste moisture. We have none too much in the ground, 
as the rainfall in most of the South has been below nor- 
mal all the spring. At the last working sow cowpeas or 
cowpeas and crimson clover, or crimson clover alone. We 
are much impressed with the practice of sowing both cow- 
peas and crimson clover, and letting the cowpeas die 
down on the land to shade and protect the crimson clo- 
ver. We have reports of excellent stands of crimson clo- 
ver secured in this way, and the fallow of cowpea vines 
and crimson clover has proved of great value as a prep 
aration for the following crop. Where only cowpeas are 
sown they should be either turned down in the fall or 
be cut into the land, and crimson clover, with a mixture 
of wheat, oats and rye be seeded unless the land is 
seeded with wheat or winter oats. 



The planting of the tobacco crop should have immedi- 
ate attention. It has been delayed much by tne dry 
weather, and plants are not over well grown generally. 
Care should be taken to have the land finely prepared, 
and extra care be taken in planting, so that the small 
plants may have a fair chance of growing off. Commence 
the cultivation of the crop as soon after planting as pos- 
sible, so as to encourage growth. We hear that a full 
acreage is likely to be planted, but we would urge that 
no effort should be made to greatly exceed the last crop, 
as Kentucky, we are told, will this year make a large 
crop which was last year absent from the marKet. This 
cannot fail to have its effect on prices. Strive to make a 
good crop rather than an extra large one. Good tobacco 
always sells for a fair price, even when the supply is 
large. Look out for the first crop of worms and kill 



J 909.' 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



579 



them before they have had the opportunity to pupate, and 
thus lay the foundation for a later crop. Paris green may 
be safely used to kill this early crop of worms, as all 
trace of the green will be lost before the crop ripens, 
'ine right strength to use the green is one pound of the 
poison to 160 gallons of water. The later crop of worms 
should be picked off as the green, when applied when 
the crop is near ripening is apt to stain the leaves, and 
this prejudices the sale on the market. 



The planting of soy beans and cowpeas for forage and 
grain crops should have attention as soon as possible. 
The soy beans should have first attention, as tney have 
a longer season of growth than cowpeas. We nope to 
see this crop much more largely grown than in the past. 
Its value as a hay and grain crop is large, and it never 
fails whether tne season be a wet or a dry one to make 
a crop. In our last issue we wrote fully on the seeding 
of this crop, and to that issue refer our readers. Cow- 
peas should be drilled rather than sown broadcast, as 
much better results will be secured at a great saving of 
seed. They can be drilled with a grain drill, stopping 
up all the spouts but three, and this will put them in at 
a distance which will allow of cultivation, and give a 
much better yield of peas. If intended to be cut for 
hay they may be drilled somewhat closer by stopping 
every other spout in the drill. 



Whilst corn is the primary crop for filling the silo, yet 
we think it may well be supplemented with others. Corn 
and cowpeas grown together make a much better bal- 
anced silage than corn alone, and the crop is just as 
easily grown as the corn alone. The cowpeas should be 
planted at the second working of the corn in drills along- 
side the corn. The best varieties to use for this pur- 
pose are the Clay or Whippoorwill. These varieties 
cling more closely to the cornstalks than the Black, which 
straggle across the rows and make the crop more diffi- 
cult to harvest with the machine. In planting the corn 
for the silo it may be planted closer than for making corn, 
but yet it should not be overcrowded, as a well grown and 
well matured corn plant with as many ears as can be 
obtained makes a much more nutritive silage than closely 
grown watery, immature stalks, which almost always 
make a sour, poor silage. Where soy beans are to be 
grown for a silage crop, they do best planted alone, and 
should be cut when the corn Is cut, and be run into the 
silo with the corn, through the cutter, so as to be well 
mixed in the mass. Sorghum makes an excellent silage 
crop, and like corn, should not be planted too close, but 
given space to make a well matured stalk. Kaffir corn 
may also be used for this purpose, and it is well to 
grow some of this crop, as it will make a yield when 
the season is too dry for corn to do its best. 



Crops for dry forage should be planted this month. 
The best of these are sorghum (amber cane) and cow- 
peas, or sorghum alone, cowpeas, soy beans and millet. 
We are strongly impressed with the value of sorghum and 
cowpeas grown together. They make a nicely balanced 
hay, which is relished by stock, and is easier cured than 
cowpeas grown alone. Half a bushel of cowpeas and a 



peck of sorghum sown per acre makes a good mixture, 
and the cane does not become so strongly grown, and the 
stalks are, therefore, eaten up more cleanly. In many 
sections of the South sorghum or Kaffir corn is being 
largely grown for a dry winter feed. It is planted at the 
rate of about two pecks per acre in drills, and allowed 
to grow to maturity, and then is cut and set up in shocks 
like corn, and keeps well in this form when left out in 
the field all winter. In some sections sorghum is sown broad- 
cast at the rate of a bushel to the acre, and cut when 
about half grown, and made into hay, and makes a use- 
ful addition to the winter feed. German millet may be 
sown this month and the next for a hay crop. It makes 
a quick growth, and when cut before the seed forms, 
makes a fair hay, which is useful as a cattle feed. If 
the seed is allowed to mature, it does not make a good 
hay for horses, as the seed seems to affect the kidneys of 
many horses. If the seed is allowed to mature the crop 
draws much more heavily on the land. Some of our sub- 
scribers grow this crop in mixture with cowpeas, and like 
the feed. Grown in this way the peas should be sown 
in drills a fortnight or more before the millet, and then 
the millet is sown broadcast and cultivated in. When 
sown alone millet should be seeded at the rate of a bushel 
to the acre. When grown with cowpeas half this quan- 
tity is sufficient. 

Do not let the clover and hay crops stand too long be 
fore cutting. These crops make the most and best hay, 
cut just before coming into full bloom. Let the curing 
of these crops be done as much as possible in the shade, 
as the hot sun withers up the leaves and causes them to 
drop off, and much of the value of the feed be lost. Let 
lay broadcast until well wilted and then put up into win- 
drows and cure out in this way. Do not overdry the hay. 
it should go into the barn with some natural moisture in 
it to make the best and most palatable hay, but should 
be free from rain water or dew, or it will overheat and 
may fire. Only experience in handling these crops can 
dictate the exact time when it is safe to naul the crop 
to the barn. 



See to it that the binder is in good order and ready for 
the cutting of the wheat and oat crops as soon as these 
are ready. Do not let them become overripe before cut- 
ting, or much grain may be lost, and the quality of the 
grain will never be so good as that cut just before it is 
completely ripe. See to it that you have labor sufficient 
to keep close up to the binder when cutting, so that all 
grain cut can be shocked up before leaving the field at 
night. Shocks never stand up as well nor shed rain so 
well as when put up immediately after being cut. Have 
good shock hands who know how to put up a shock so 
that it will shed the rain. 



ALFALFA IN EASTERN VIRGINIA. 

Recently a representative of The Planter visited the 
Belle Grove and Walsingham estates on the Rappahannock 
and studied the operations of Mr. J. F. Jack, who is grow- 
ing alfalfa there on a large scale. There is much to be 
seen at Belle Grove and Walsingham that is of intense 
interest not merely to Eastern Virginia, but to all of 
Virginia and to the rest of America, for that matter. 



580 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



Here is being done some exceedingly interesting and valu- 
able work in soil fertility investigation, in use of legumes 
to build soils, in lime, fertilizers and alfalfa culture. 

The soils of these estates was naturally fertile, part of 
it being a pervious, easily drained, reddish clay loam. It 
has in it very little lime. Many fields, when Mr. Jack 
took hold of the property, were not a little impoverished, 
some of them grown up to sedge and briars, some of them 
yet in fair state of cultivation. The yield of corn was 
about twenty bushels to the acre. 

The steps taken in bringing this land to a degree of fer- 
tility that may be called an alfalfa bearing basis are, first, 
to plant to corn with good plowing and 250 pounds per 
acre of raw bone meal. Sometimes other forms of phos- 
phorus have been used, but raw bone has been in large 
supply. Next, the corn is sown to crimson clover at last 
working. This year there wore 500 acres set in crimson 
clover on this place, much of it exceedingly heavy and 
when The Planter man saw it, a marvelously beautiful 
sight. Some of this Crimson clover is turned under for 
corn, and part of it for alfalfa. 

Last year some 11,000 bushels of corn were grown. No 
lime is applied to the corn land. Here The Planter thinks 
Mr. Jack is falling a little short of living fully up to his 
opportunities. It is probable that on his soil he could in- 
crease the corn yield ten bushels per acre by a preliminary 
liming, in connection with his heavy growth of crimson 
clover turned under. 

Where the land is destined to be sown to alfalfa it is 
thus managed. First, the crimson clover is turned under; 
afterward follows careful cultivation to conserve moisture 
and bring the land under good tilth till August; next, the 
land is limed. Varying amounts of lime have been used, 
a ton to the acre of finely ground unburned limestone is 
the usual application. Then the land is fertilized., inocu- 
lated and the alfalfa sewn. 

Only inoculation by use of soil has proved good. It has 
been demonstrated repeatedly that inoculation is absolute- 
ly essential. There is this year an instance of a check 
strip being left without inoculation. Where this strip is 
there is little alfalfa and what exists is only about two 
inches high,' while the adjoining inoculated alfalfa is a 
solid wall twenty-four inches high and of rich, dark green 
color. 

Mr. Jack is most careful in sowing this inoculating earth 
to take it from where he has very thrifty alfalfa grow- 
ing and then to distribute it by hand with great evenness 
over the soil. Immediately behind the earth sowers come 
the alfalfa sowers with wheelbarrow seeders, and right 
behind them come harrows that cover seed and soil so 
that the sunlight cannot hurt the easily killed inoculating 
bacteria. 

Strips have repeatedly been left without lime to test 
whether it is needed or not. Mr. Jack has applied about 
500 tons of lime in the last two years, so if he can do 
without buying so much he naturally would be glad to do 
so. In each instance where lime was left out alfalfa 
made so poor and weak a growth as to be entirely worth- 
less. Weeds, too, were much more in evidence where 
lime was not used. 

Having tested various forms of lime, Mr. Jack is satis- 



fied best with ground limestone, the true carbonate of lime, 
and this year has bought 600 tons, which will be delivered 
at the Port Conway wharf for about $3.00 per ton. It 
is curious to note that this lime comes from New Jersey, 
though Virginia has millions of tons of limestone await- 
ing the grinder. 

Various forms of phosphorous have been tested and here 
is one of the most instructive features of Mr. Jack's 
work. Under the direction of Mr. iN'icholas Schmitz, now 
of the Maryland Agricultural College, formerly of the 
Department of Agriculture, there were sown last fall strips 
fertilized with the following substances: 

Raw bone, 400 pounds per acre (the standard applica- 
tion.) Acid phosphate, same amount. Raw bone, 150 
pounds. Acid rock, 250 pounds. Floats, or untreated phos- 
phate rock, 900 pounds. Floats, 500 pounds. Floats, 250 
pounds. No fertilizer. 

Lime was applied to all the plots alike. At present 
writing there is a wonderful showing in favor of the un- 
treated rock. It seems to promise fully as good results 
as any other form of phosphorus, and, of course, at much 
less cost. The explanation of this may be the presence 
of so much decaying vegetable matter as the heavy crop 
of crimson clover furnished, or some peculiarity of soil 
that would make the raw rock soluble. This result will 
doubtless be a shock to our friends at the Tennessee Ex- 
periment Station. 

Where no phosphorous was applied the alfalfa is short 
and very full of cress. The line marking the raw rock is 
like a ridge or back furrow so luxuriant is the growth. 

This year Mr. Jack will test carbonate of lime in vary- 
ing amounts, from ten tons to the acre down to nothing. 
He will also make a series of cross plots with different 
carriers of phosphorus, using an each plot the same money 
value, taking $4.00 per acre as his unit and testing basic 
slag, raw bone, acid phosphate and raw Tennessee rock. 

What are the results? There are about 320' acres now 
set to alfalfa. Most of this is an exceedingly good stand 
and very thrifty. It is nearly all in good health and vigor. 
Haying began May 12th. The promise is for a yield of a 
ton to the acre average, with, of course, areas that will 
yield far more than that amount. 

There has been no failure in establishing alfalfa here 
when these steps have been followed : First, that the land 
was limed; next, that it was inoculated; then, that it had 
humus added to it by manure or turning under clover or 
cowpeas; then, that it was inoculated and good seed sown 
in August. There seems absolutely no more difficulty in 
establishing alfalfa than there is in getting a stand of 
corn. 

Mr. Jack will feed his older fields with more lime, more 
phosphorus applied right after cutting. He will test basic 
slag for this purpose. 

He sells most of his hay at the wharf for $15.00 per 
ton. Dairymen at or near Baltimore are among his cus- 
tomers. It is his intention to set about 1,000 acres to 
alfalfa. 



ALFALFA AND ITS NEEDS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

There is no one crop that has of late years attracted 
more attention among farmers all over the country than 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



581 



alfalfa. The varying success and failure has shown the 
fickleness of the plant as to conditions needed, and meth- 
ods that succeed in one section often fail in another. 

Among the many letters I have received in regard to 
the cultivation of alfalfa is the following from a Mary- 
land farmer: "I have some alfalfa sown in August, 1907. 
It sems to be weak and spindling and has a yellowish 
cast. I used some lime on the land, but I fear not enough, 
and would like to know if it would be well to apply more 
this winter. It came up thin, but gradually thickened, and 
this summer I mowed it four times and could have mowed 
it five times." 

There is a widespread misunderstanding among farmers 
in regard to the effect of legumes on the soil. They are 
apt to imagine that they can grow a legume crop, mow 
the hay and still that crop will improve the soil. The 
legumes have the power to get nitrogen from the air, 
but at the same time they will exhaust the phosphoric 
acid and potash in the soil faster than any other crops. 

Here is a farmer who does not say whether he applied 
anything to the land in the way of manure or fertilizer. 
He is in a district where the soil is peculiarly deficient in 
potash especially. He applied lime, and one of the effects 
of lime is to release potash that may be in the soil. He 
mowed four crops of hay, and now wonders that the alfalfa 
is spindling and yellow. 

I found the same results in another farm which is now 
under my direction. There is on this farm a field that 
years ago made a splendid growth of alfalfa. It was mowed 
several times a year for a number of years, and then 
plowed and put in corn. The corn was followed by wheat, 
and then the owner tried to get it back in alfalfa and has 
largely failed. On my last visit to the place this fall, I 
found a large part of the field a failure as was to be 
expected. On another part there was a stand of alfalfa, 
but it, too, was turning yellow, though that field, too, had 
been heavily limed. The cause was evidently exhaustion 
of the mineral elements. I had the yellow alfalfa mowed 
off at once and left it on the land. The part where the 
alfalfa had failed entirely was plowed and heavily fertil- 
ized with acid phosphate and potash and resown, and the 
yellow part was divided into three parts for study. 

One part received ground limestone at the rate of four 
tons per acre; another, 400 pounds of acid phosphate and 
fifty pounds of muriate of potash per acre; and the third 
was left as a check. My own opinion is that it was the 
exhaustion of the mineral elements, but as many imagine 
that lavish use of lime is. needed on alfalfa, I am using 
the ground limestone heavily. The whole will be disced 
over this spring. 

Now, right alongside this last farm is a farm where no 
lime has been used in the memory of man. But there, 
on a field in fairly good heart, is a growth of alfalfa 
that is all that could be desired. As yet, the land fur- 
nishes what the plant needs. But I have no doubt that if 
that field is continuously mowed, there will soon be a 
failure of the alfalfa from its drawing so heavily on the 
mineral elements in the soil, and then some one will say 
that it needs lime, when, in fact, it will need phosphoric 
acid and potash. 

Now, in the case of my inquirer, I have advised him to 
mow the yellow growth and let it lie on the land, and give 



the field a heavy application of acid phosphate and potash. 
He will get all the lime needed in the form of sulphate 
in the acid phosphate, and I believe that an alfalfa 
field that is regularly topdressed every spring with 400 
pounds of acid phosphate and fifty pounds of muriate of 
potash will keep in a perennial productiveness. There is 
no doubt that on most soils lime is an aid to alfalfa, but 
that lime is the cure-all and that it will supply the rapid 
using up Of the mineral matters such as phosphoric acid 
and potash is a serious error. In fact, on the granite soils 
where I have had most experience, I would rather trust to 
acid phosphate and potash without lime than to lime with- 
out potash and phosphoric acid, and this is still more 
true of the limestone soils. But the more we study al- 
falfa, the more evident it becomes that each soil needs spe- 
cial study for its best growth. 

The one most important thing after getting the soil com- 
pletely inoculated with the bacteria that live on alfalfa 
roots, is in keeping up the supply of plant food. A great 
deal has been said about inoculation, and many seedsmen 
are offering seed inoculated with artificial cultures of the 
bacteria,, which are absolutely useless. It has been well 
settled that the only reliable way to inoculate the soil 
for alfalfa is to use soil from a field in which alfalfa has 
been grown successfully and which has become well inocu- 
lated with the bacteria. Then, if it is regularly topdressed 
with acid phosphate and potash, you will get alfalfa, lime 
or no lime. Lime, on a granitic soil abounding in sili- 
cate of potash, will release some potash for the plants, 
but lime on a soil that is deficient in potash will only tend 
to the exhaustion of the small store, and on any soil, if 
there is an abundant store supplied of phosphoric acid and 
potash, we need less lime. W. F. MASSEY. 



FERTILIZERS AND FERTILITY. 

kjditor Southern Planter: 

"In what consists the productiveness of land? How 
best can we obtain it?" says Mr. Orgain in the May num- 
ber of The Planter. The productive character of the soil 
depends on the amount of available plant food it possesses, 
and the mechanical condition of the soil. There may be 
a great abundance of plant food really available, but if 
the soil is in a bad mechanical condition, deficient in 
humus, running together and baking hard, drying out bad- 
ly in dry weather, and has not been thoroughly prepared, 
plants may not be able to get food that is really in an 
available condition. Mr. Orgain tells about the early days 
in Virginia, when labor was more plentiful than machinery 
for the preparation of the land, and recites the fact that 
the growth was largely burnt on the land, thus driving 
off the nitrogen and leaving only the mineral or ash ele- 
ments, the first start towards the using up of the humus. 
Then, crop after crop of tobacco was taken, which still 
further robbed the soil, not only by the rapid oxidation of 
the humus, but taking away large portions of the avail- 
able phosphoric acid and potash. Finally, there is left 
the old dead skeleton of sand and clay, the bacteria whose 
home was in the black vegetable decay are starved ou»t, 
and the mechanical condition of the soil is such that plants 
cannot get at the plant food that is really available in the 
soil under different conditions, since it runs together so 
hard that the roots cannot penetrate the clods. Had the 



582 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



mellowness of the soil been maintained by keeping up the 
supply of organic decay the need for artificial fertilizers 
would have been less. Then, instead of maintaining the 
humus in the soil through stable manure or the growing 
of legume crops, the farmer has gotten into the habit of 
depending on the sack of fertilizer, and by its readily 
soluble plant food applied in small amount has still further 
exhausted the mineral matters in his soil. Not that fer- 
tilizers are merely stimulants, they are readily available 
plant food. Restore the new ground conditions to the soil 
and the crops will be as good as when the land was first 
cleared. But merely using, fertilizer in small amount to 
squeeze a little more crop to sell, and constant clean 
culture in hoed crops, will inevitably have the usual effect 
— a dead soil. And not because of the use of the fertil- 
izers altogether, but the thoughtless use of them. It is 
no new thing, as Mr. Orgain supposes, that we urge the 
farmers as the best means for the improvement of the soil 
to restore the humus or organic decay in the soil. The 
great value of stable manure consists in its carrying to 
the soil large amounts of vegetable matter to become slow- 
ly nitrified, and thus to keep up the supply of nitrogen 
long after the readily available nitrogen in commercial 
fertilizers would be exhausted. The virgin soil was pro- 
ductive not altogether through the plant food contained in 
the humus, but also because of its warming influence on 
the soil, its mellowing influence, which prevented the bak- 
ing of the soil, and especially in its capacity to retain 
moisture to aid in the solution of plant foods. Fertiliz- 
ers furnish merely plant food in an available shape, hut 
furnish no humus-making material. 

The proper use of commercial fertilizers in general 
farming is the increase of the legume crops through ap- 
plications of phosphoric acid and potash. I have for years 
insisted that no farmer who farms right, in a short ro- 
tation, in which the legumes come in frequently on the 
land, needs ever to buy nitrogen in any form. The to- 
bacco grower with a crop of crimson clover to turn under 
needs none, but does need a liberal use of sulphate of 
potash and phosphoric acid. The Southern farmer who 
grows plenty of pea vine hay to feed with his corn stover 
to make manure to spread on a crimson clover sod for 
corn or cotton needs no nitrogen. In fact, in a snort rota- 
tion, he will be able to accumulate more nitrogen in his 
soil than existed there at the start. Mr. Orgain thinks 
that no form of plant food leaches from the soil. Cer- 
tainly the phosphoric acid and potash do not, but when 
nitrogen gets into the form of a nitrate it very rapidly 
leaches from the land. Hence the importance of having 
a winter cover crop on the soil to catch and store what 
would otherwise be lost. There would have been far more 
of the grey sandy wastes Mr. Orgain mentions but for the 
fact that nature covers the turned-out land with broom- 
sedge and pine trees, and in this way, through long years 
restores what man has wasted. Then a tobacco grower 
to-day cuts down a second growth of pines to get that 
valued humus which was wasted many years ago by 
scratching the surface and planting seven crops of tobac- 
co in succession, instead of practicing a rotation of crops 
that would restore the humus in a cheaper way than the 
pine tree does: Then, when I urge the Eastern Shore 
sweet potato growers that they can get the organic decay 



in their soil more cheaply by growing crimson clover on 
the land in winter instead of letting it leacn away its 
nitrates all winter, and then laboriously rake and haul 
pine leaves on the land, Mr. Orgain thinks I am making 
"flings" at them. They are perfectly right in getting 
humus-making material on the land, but I simply tried 
to point out a cheaper and better way. 

Riding through Accomac and Northampton this spring, I 
was glad to see here and there a patch of crimson clover, 
and when once its value is known we will see less and 
less of the hauling of pine leaves on the land. I never 
intimated that the pine leaves do no good, for they do, 
but clover, in addition to furnishing more organic matter 
than they can afford to haul fixes nitrogen from the air, 
so that the organic matter from the clover is far better 
in quality than that from pine leaves. Mr. Orgain uses 
500 pounds per acre of commercial fertilizers after cov- 
ering the land with manure for tobacco. Why does he 
use the fertilizer if he thinks it is not plant food? . If 
the fertilizer is merely a stimulant perhaps he can explain 
how it stimulates if the plants do not take it as food. 

The absorptive power of soil, and its capacity to retain 
plant food is certainly wonderful, and, as Mr. Orgain 
says, it will hold on to everything except the very soluble 
nitrates, the form in which all nitrogen must be resolved 
into before plant roots can use it. Hence, the importance 
of the humus, in which the nitrifying bacteria are con- 
tinually bringing nitrogen from organic matter into the 
available form of nitrates for the growing plants. But 
every crop grown, and every animal raised on the land 
is reducing the phosphoric acid in the soil, and when this 
becomes deficient there is no way to restore it except 
through an application of phosphoric acid in some form. 
We can get nitrogen" from the air by the use of the le- 
gumes, but we cannot get phosphorus nor potassium, and 
the legumes themselves take these more rapidly than 
other plant food. 

Down around the border of the great Dismal Swamp 
there are large areas of reclaimed land with a soil made 
up of organic decay from three to six feet deep, which 
grows immense corn stalks, and yet does not make the 
heavy crop it should unless some phosphoric acid and 
especially potash is applied. The soil is rich in organic 
nitrogen, but deficient in mineral plant food. Humus is 
the most important matter in the restoration of our soils, 
but to get it there in the most economical way we must 
restore the phosphoric acid and potash of which the soil 
has been robbed in its earlier days, and especially the 
phosphoric acid which is usually in clay soils in smaller 
amount than potash, and hence is sooner used up. 

Mr. Orgain and I certainly agree as to the importance 
of humus and the feeding of stock to make manure, but 
he fails to realize that the exhaustion of the mineral mat- 
ters is also the great reason for the failure of wheat 
where it once succeeded. Th^re are farmers in this State 
who regularly make forty to fifty bushels of wheat per 
acre, who buy no fertilizer except acid phosphate, and 
that for the wheat only. But they grow clover! 

W. P. MASSET. 

FARM NOTES. 
Editor Southern Planter: 

In your April issue, Professor Massey cites a case where 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



583 



alfalfa had been grown for over fifty years on a red clay 
soil of granite formation, near Hillsboro, N. C, without 
liming. He also says "the soil around Hillsboro is not 
a limestone soil." 

The fact that the soil was red and of granite formation 
also is presumptive evidence that it was wholely or partly 
a hornblendic granite, and as hornblende is about one- 
eighth lime, it is easy to understand why it did not need 
any more lime. But were it a typical micaceous granite 
soil of a gray or even reddish color (because a small 
amount of iron goes a long way in staining soil red), then 
there would have been a very different story to tell for 
sure. 

I don't infer, as does Mr. Wing, from Professor Mas- 
sey's letter that "he claims lime may be positively in- 
jurious to alfalfa," but it is more than probable that he 
is mistaken as to lime in the soil about Hillsboro. Al- 
though I was never there, I know some similar instances. 
It is due to Professor Massey that he was the first man 
I ever read after to point out how important lime was to 
alfalfa, and it would not be easy to be too emphatic about 
it. 

In March, 1909, I saw a nice little field of about one 
acre of alfalfa just outside the town of La Fayette, Cham- 
bers county, Alabama. On March 29th it stood twenty 
inches high and was a beautiful stand clear of weeds. 
I was told that there was another and a larger field South- 
east of town, which I also went to see. It was not quite 
as good as the first, but was very nice. The soil was 
red and made from rock decomposed "in place," as miners 
say. I was in a hurry, but on a hillside and ledge I saw 
some of the partly decomposed rock and could not tell 
whether it was a granite or a schist, but I distinctly saw 
the black green crystals of hornblende, and it seemed 
to me that most of the rock consisted of them. 

All through this region where hornblendic rocks are 
found they are generally decomposed to great depths — 
in some places one hundred feet — being somewhat porous 
and very perishable, the carbonic acid and the air car- 
ried down in rain and drainage water attacks the lime 
and the iron of the hornblende with ease, leaving a very 
porous and pumice-like shell which alfalfa roots can pene- 
trate, and which is well and evenly supplied with lime, 
in fact, affording an almost ideal home for alfalfa roots. 
Many such soils in this region have little veins of "ap- 
patite" (which is a mineral phosphate of lime) traversing 
them, and as the rock also contains felspar there is no 
lack of either potash or phosphoric acid in the crude state 
at least, though the phosphoric acid is not so evenly dis- 
tributed as the potash or the lime. I have been told that 
the Rev. C. W. Howard, of Habersham, Virginia, raised 
lucerne fifty years ago on such a soil derived from gran- 
ite rock, but carrying hornblende or some allied mineral. 

I have good reason to think that there are many locali- 
ties in the Piedmont country where the soil is naturally 
calcareous enough for alfalfa to start with anyway. 

Professor Massey says in regard to inoculation: "Soil 
from a field that is already inoculated is the best means 
for transferring the bacteria." Unless many precautions 
are taken, that may fail too, and worse than fail. Sim- 
ply scattered broadcast, inoculated soil does little good. 
The best plan is to drill it with the seed like a fertil- 



izer. Then seed and microbe will be more likely to come 
in contact. Where the seed is sown broadcast a good 
plan is to make a gruel of the inoculated soil and use 
enough of it to wet the seed and then sow and cover at 
once. That was the best plan I ever tried where the 
inoculated soil was sticky clay. Some of the mud al- 
ways adhered to the seed, and that suggested to me that 
if some sort of gum or weak paste was used to mix with 
the bacteria of those cultures there would be something 
like that sticky clay to fasten the microbes to the seed. 
The watery "cultures" have no "body" to them to afford 
shelter to the microbes. Hence, they are rubbed off or 
killed by exposure to sunlight, a very small amount of 
which is surely fatal. 

In regard to using inoculated soil from an unknown 
field, I had a long, hard battle with Johnson grass and 
a narrow escape of nut grass, and in looking over "Plant 
Life in Alabama," I saw a multitude of fungus and 
other parasites that infected soil may spread, and know- 
ing how our common weeds are disseminated, I would 
think twice before using any soil I was not perfectly 
sure of. A parasitic plant or animal that does little 
harm in one environment may become a terrible pest 
in a different one, as witness the browntail moth in New 
England, or the boll weevil in the South, or the "black 
potato rot" in Ireland brought with guano from Peru 
nearly seventy years ago, or the Colorado potato beetle, 
the Hessian fly, the Phyloxera, and the whole crowd of 
"wilts," "rots," "rusts," "mildews," etc. 

Clay Co., Ala. JOSHUA FRANKLIN. 



NOTES ON THE APRIL PLANTER. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I knew it was coming. Professor Massey, the "critic" 
of the Southern Planter finds, fault with these expressions 
I used: "Protoplasm, the building material of plants," 
and "we are at sea in regard to nitrogen." 

I fully admit that protoplasm, though it forms a large 
part of the building material of plants, cannot properly 
be called the building material of plants, because it 
acts more as a builder than in the other capacity. Say- 
ing "for the formation of the vital parts of plants" would 
have been more correct. In calling protoplasm the build- 
ing material of plants, I wanted to emphasize the neces- 
sity of a liberal supply of nitrogen, and preferred build- 
ing material as the word which would generally be best 
understood and pointed out the necessity in this connec- 
tion for a liberal supply of nitrogen. I hope no harm 
is done, and I promise to be more careful in the selec- 
tion of words in the future. 

When I said "we are at sea in regard to nitrogen," I 
meant what I said. With regard to the many known and 
unknown factors which influence the supply of nitrogen, 
nobody has so far been able to figure out how much nitro- 
gen will be at the disposal of a crop during a growing 
season. That under certain forms of management, favor- 
ing the production of large Quantities of manure, or the 
turning under of green manure, the soil becomes richer 
in organic nitrogen, is well known. In general, I do 
not recommend the application of nitrogenous fertilizers 
in preference to manure or green manure, but recom- 



584 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



mend these fertilizers to cover a possible deficit of nitro- 
gen. But when Professor Massey says that worrying 
about nitrogen will do for planters but not for farmers, 
he is sadly mistaken. Professor Massey, in order to 
strengthen his argument, refers to a farmer who for 
seventy years has made forty bushels of wheat per acre 
and had never bought any fertilizer during that time 
other than acid phosphate. As far as that goes, I have 
seen the black soils in Southern Russia and parts of 
Hungary where the finest crops of wheat have been 
grown for centuries, and not a pound of manure or acid 
phosphate has ever been applied. That farmers who 
farm their soils according to Professor Massey's prescrip- 
tion have not of necessity to worry about nitrogen is 
true. Unfortunately, they cannot all do this. The grow- 
ing of leguminous crops in short succession, where they 
have been grown for years, results in legume-sick soils 
— whatever that is — and in unprofitable crops. This has 
been noticed in the older countries, especially in Ger- 
many, where even forty years ago leguminous crops 
were the most important crops, and a rotation without 
leguminous crops considered unprofitable. Twenty years 
ago their growing was reduced to five per cent, of the 
tilled area, and last year — 1908 — to one per cent. The 
leguminous crops have been displaced on many farms 
by the root crops, and the excellent tilth of the soil which 
is necessary for the successful growing of these crops 
has resulted in thirty per cent, increase in yield of fhe 
other crops. Notwithstanding that the German farmers 
apply as an average eight tons of nitrogenous manure per 
acre every other year, and grow leguminous crops as 
often as the conditions will permit, the demand for nitro- 
genous fertilizers is steadily on the increase, their appli- 
cation having reacted sixteen per cent, of the total ap- 
plied fertilizers. 

The yearly average for 1905, 1906 and 1907 was: 

Thomas Slag 1,417,000 tons. 

Super-phosphate 980,000 tons. 

Bone Meal 90,000 tons. 

Kainit 1,377,000 tons. 

40 per cent. Potash salt 113,200 tons. 



Total 3,977,200 tons. 



Nitrate of Soda 575,000 tons. 

Amm. Sulphate 246,400 tons. 



and best managed farms in the potato belt of North 
Germany. The proportion of the crops is: 

Grain crops 51.7 per cent. 

Leguminous crops 6.5 per cent. 

Hoed crops 26.0 per cent. 

Fodder crops 12.8 per cent. 

Fallow 3.0 per cent. 



Total 100.0 per cent. 

Besides the working horses, thirteen head of large 
live stock of 1,000 pounds live weight, or a correspond- 
ing number by weight of other farm animals, are kept 
for every one hundred acres. Besides the produced ma- 
nure, green manure is turned under and large quantities 
of commercial fertilizers are used. The proportion of the 
separate fertilizers is: 
Nitrogenous, most in form of nitrate of 

soda 37.0 per cent. 

Nitrogen and phosphoric acid, in form of 

guano, tankage, etc 8.0 per cent. 

Phosphoric acid alone 29.0 per cent. 

Potash 26.0 per cent. 

Lime 2.2 per cent. 



Total 821,400 tons. 

Factory mixed fertilizers are not used in Germany. 
The farmers select the separate fertilizers according to 
the needs of the crops and the physical conditions of the 
soil. 

Whether the supply of nitrogen from turned under or- 
ganic matter is sufficient to supply the crops during a ro- 
tation, depends upon the quantity and quality of the ma- 
nure, the green manure, the liberated and nitrified quan- 
tities during the growing season, and the indirect influ- 
ence of the grown crops. The hoed crops, due to their 
frequent cultivation, exhaust the soil quicker of humus 
and nitrogen than the other crops. 

I have before me a description of fifty of the largest 



Total 100. per cent. 

Whether the supply of nitrogen is sufficient also de- 
pends upon the intensity of the management, and the pur- 
pose for which the crops are grown. This refers especi- 
ally to the growing of brewing barley and potatoes for 
manufacturing purposes. The supply of nitrogen for 
these crops may be insufficient, or it may be too large, 
which would result in barley and potatoes poor and unfit 
for the purpose for which they are grown in starch. The 
best results are at present obtained if the greater part of 
the necessary nitrogen is supplied by decomposing or- 
ganic matter, and the balance adjusted by nitrogenous 
fertilizers.. 

Professor Massey mentions the ocean of nitrogen over 
the soil. It will be of interest to the readers of the 
Southern Planter to get an idea how much nitrogen the 
soil takes up from the air. The data on hand, irre- 
spectively of some pot experiments, is very meagre, and 
the quantiies will quite necessarily differ on different 
soils, the cultivation, bacterial activity, etc. The only 
data I have been able to find covering a long time is the 
two hundred years official record of the farm, Arnstadt, 
in Thuringen, Germany. The farm belongs to the Prus- 
sian Government and was managed by the Government 
(it is now rented) from the middle of the sixteenth to 
the middle of the eighteenth century, and a strict ac- 
count was kept of the receipts and expenditures. 

The adopted rotation was the then popular three-field 
rotation: One, fallow; two. winter grain; three, spring 
grain. The wheat and wheat straw was sold; the spring 
grain, together with the hay from the permanent mead- 
ows, fed, and the produced manure applied on the fal- 
low to the wheat. The meadows were topdressed with 
whatever waste accumulated at the farm. The records 
show that as an average 8,344 bushels of wheat and 500 
tons of straw were sold every year, and 462 tons of ma- 
nure produced and applied. 

In comparing the quantities of nitrogen, potash and 
phosphoric acid removed from the soil in the sold grain 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



585 



and straw, it is of interest to note the large quantity 
of nitrogen removed from the soil in two hundred years 
— 2,960,000 pounds, against l«i;4.000 pounds returned to the 
soil in the manure, leaving a deficit of 2,036,000 pounds, 
which must have been taken from the air, as no other 
source is mentioned. 

During the same time 646,800 pounds of potasn were 
removed from the soil, and 760,000 pounds of phosphoric 
acid. The quantities removed per year are therefore ap- 
proximately: 10,180 pounds nitrogen; 3,234 pounds pot- 
ash; 3,800 pounds phosphoric acid; or, per year per acre: 
13 pounds nitrogen, 4 pounds potash; 5 pounds phos- 
phoric acid. 

The quantities of nitrogen the soil obtained from the 
air are small compared with the large quantities the 
farmer obtains from the growing of leguminous crops. 
According to Dr. Weiske, leguminous crops leave in the 
stubble and roots the following average quantities of 
organic matter and nitrogan in the soil: 

lbs. per acre. 
Crops. Organic Matter Nitrogen. 

Four years alfalfa 9,360 - 136 

Red clover 8,879 190 

Three years sainfoin 5,102 123 

Lupines 3,509 62 

Canada peas 3,208 56 

Serradella 3,115 65 

These figures are, in so far of value as they explain 
the difference in the residual effect of different crops. 
But, notwithstanding the beneficial effects of these crops, 
they have, on many, farms, been displaced by the still 
more profitable root crops, notwithstanding the larger out- 
lay necessary for nitrogenous fertilizers. 

District of Columbia. H. WINKELMAN. 



NOTES AND COMMENTS ON MAY ISSUE. 
Muriate of Potash. 
Editor Southern Planter: 

That muriate of potash is just as good for potatoes as 
the sulphate, I am perfectly sure, not only from my own 
experience, but from that of others. Some Northern 
growers think that the sulphate makes a more mealy and 
dry potato, but, so far as the early crop from the South 
is concerned, they are sold in rather an immature con- 
dition and are not expected to be mealy, though potatoes 
grown here to perfect maturity I have found as mealy as 
any from further North. But when it comes to the to- 
bacco crop, it is a very different thing, for, in my experi- 
ments with tobacco, the muriate not only injured the 
burning quality, but retarded the maturity of the leaf and 
made leaves of poor color as compared with the sulphate. 

A man in Granville county, North Carolina, got a form- 
ula from me for tobacco and made a fine crop, which 
sold for a fine price. The next season another man got 
the same formula, and reported a very inferior crop. He 
had it put up by a fertilizer factory in Norfolk. I got 
him to send me his bill. The quantities I had named 
were all right, but when it came to the potash the bill 
said "sulphate of potash, low grade," and in almost micro 
scopic characters, at the end of the line "kainit." 
Hence he not only got less than one-fourth the potash 
my formula called for, but had it in a form that dam 
aged his tobacco. Evidently f: scheme to prevent his con- 
tinuing to mix his own fertilizer. And yet the tobacco 



growers in North Carolina very largely use the usual 
3-8-3 goods in which the potash is almost invariably 
kainit. 

Corn. 

Mr. Ely says: "On rolling land it is a good plan to 
let rows run around the bill, and well to ridge them 
somewhat to prevent washing." For that reason especi- 
ally there should be no ridging. It is all right to run 
rows around the hill on the level contour, but if ridges 
are made there will be heads of water gather in them to 
break over one after another and cause a worse gully 
than if the rows ran up and down the hill, which they 
never should do. Flat cultivation is more important on 
rolling land than anywhere else. 

Plowing on the level contour of the hills is the uni- 
versal practice in all the cotton country, but I saw recent- 
ly in Northern Ohio hillsides where the corn had been 
planted in straight rows up and down the hill, and be- 
tween every row there was a gully. Why any one should 
want to tax a team by pulling plows and cultivators 
straight up hill I cannot understand, when it is so much 
easier and better to plow on the level. 

One great reason for the small yield of corn in the 
South is thin planting. The notion has become prevalent 
that because corn grows tall in the South it must have 
greater distance^ or, as the fad now is in some sections, 
must be stunted in its early growth. To get a good crop 
of corn there must be stalks enough on the land to carry 
it. Mr. McQuarrie, down in West Florida, makes one 
hundred bushels of corn per acre, but not in rows six 
feet apart with one stalk in a place at similar distance, 
as I have often seen. By proper breeding and selection, 
it is perfectly feasible to reduce the stature of corn. 
Last year a man wrote to me that he planted Cocke's 
Prolific that I had been breeding and some from Rich- 
mond of the same variety, and mine was two feet shorter. 
A recent bulletin from the Illinois Station shows the 
marked results from planting; seed from the ear next the 
ground. Deep fall plowing is excellent, provided there 
is a winter cover crop sown, but I would never leave 
any land bare all winter in the South. 

Alfalfa Growing. 
Mr. Wing seems to have misunderstood my object. It 
was not to show that lime is not needed for alfalfa any- 
where, but was a mere statement of facts. Right there 
alongside the land where alialfa failed after liming an 
old gentleman has been growing alfalfa since before Mr. 
Wing was born and he has never bought a bushel of lime 
for his land in his life, and it is the usual red clay Pied- 
mont soil of the South, the result of the decomposition 
of f eld spathic rocks. And right around that neighbor- 
hood Lucern, as they call it, has been grown for fifty 
years. But this does not mHap. that in other soils lime 
may not be needed. But I think that "Brother Joseph" 
is too enthusiastic on lime and advises too heavy appli- 
cations for any purpose. Then, as to the value of al- 
falfa in the South, Mr. Wing will admit that it needs rich 
soil and regular fertilization. Most of our Southern lands 
need building up in humus, and alfalfa is not a crop to 
take into the general rotation for farm improvement. 
It may be well enough to have a pet lot of alfalfa to 
spend money on, but in the general cropping of the land 
I can get more feed and impiove the land faster with 



586 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER 



cowpeas and crimson clover in the South than any one 
can with alfalfa. We never can grow alfalfa in the South as 
they do on the Western plains, and the farmers in the 
Western plains will never grow cowpeas and crimson 
clover as we can in the South. It is a matter of grow- 
ing the crops best suited to our conditions. We can get 
a crop of two tons per acre of fine hay after a small 
grain crop has been taken froip. the land, and can leave 
the land in the fall set in crimson clover, and that on land 
where alfalfa would make no crop at all, and we would 
have the manure from the pea crop to go on the land the 
next spring, while the alfalfa man would simply be won- 
dering whether he had a staid or not. As crops for the 
general farm rotation in the South, I would never exchange 
cowpeas and crimson clover for alfalfa. Down in the fer- 
tile alluvial soils of Louisiana, alfalfa may grow luxuriant- 
ly, and I have seen pet plots of it here and there in vari- 
ous sections, but the failures have cost more than to 
have gotten many times the amount of feed with peas 
and clover. Alfalfa may grow through two inches of lime 
in Louisiana, but in North Carolina, where the same care 
less dumping was practiced, neither alfalfa nor anything 
else was growing, the land was absolutely bare where the 
lime was applied so heavily. I thank Mr. Wing for his 
good opinion of my work. 1 have always given the farm- 
ers my honest opinion on all subjects, and have spent my 
life with little personal profit in the effort to uplift the 
farming of the South. Doubtless. I make mistakes, as we 
all do, but I write what I believe. 
Flings. 

Will Mr. Orgain show where i have ever made a "fling" 
at the Eastern Shore? There is no section I love more, 
for I was born in Accomac, and there is no section in 
whose prosperity I take a greater interest. I have sim- 
ply said that the Virginia potato growers are wasting labor 
to get organic matter in thoir soils by raking and haul- 
ing in a laborious way the leaves and trash from the for- 
est, when they might get more and better humus-making 
material by growing crimson cliver. It was no fling, but 
simply an earnest effort to help. I take great pride in 
the prosperity of the Eastern Shore, for the growers 
there are prosperous, as a rule; but if I can help them 
to be more so, and to improve their land with less labor, 
I should hardly be charged with making "flings." Proba- 
bly I am more familiar with Accomac and Northampton 
than Mr. Orgain is, and know more what they need, for 
I hate to see their lands lying bare all winter when there 
should be a winter cover. Oor best friends are those who 
point out our faults. 

Mr. Orgain is right in valuing humus-making material, 
for the greater store the soil contains the more moisture 
it will retain and the more effective the commercial fer- 
tilizers will be because they will be dissolved. But fer- 
tilizers, Mr. Orgain, are plant food all the same, and not 
mere stimulants. But when a man puts one hundred to 
two hundred pounds of a low grade fertilizer per acre on 
poor land, it may in that event act as a stimulant, for the 
crop will use up the little application and then draw 
on the soil for more. Manure made from feeding the le- 
gume crops that have been made larger by applications 
of phosphoric acid and potash will always tell on the 
land, and, used In this way, the mineral plant foods can 
be made the most efficient means for the restoration of 
our worn soils. Mr. Orgain simply failed to understand 



[June, 

the result of the experiment he quotes. It showed the 
importance of the plant food being in a soluble form. A 
soil may have an abundance of plant food, but it will do 
little good if locked up in an insoluble form so that plant 
roots cannot use it. I am a pretty old man, but I do not 
remember that any of the farm journals ever advised the 
dependence only on commercial fertilizers for the im- 
provement of the soil. We have for more than a genera- 
tion been urging the importance of restoring the wasted 
humus, and that this can be most economically done 
through the growing of legume crops aided by liberal ap- 
plications of acid phosphate and potash. Nitrogen, as a 
nitrate, will rapidly leach frcm the soil, but the phos- 
phorus and potassium will not, and we must keep up 
the stock of nitrifying material in the soil for the bac- 
teria to feed upon. Mr. Orgain is on the right track in 
getting crimson clover on his land. It is a great deal 
cheaper than hauling woods trash there. 
Replanting Corn. 

I wish to add just a few words in regard to what Mr. 
Lockhart says. Probably in Fauquier they plow sod for 
corn, and in that case there is always more danger from 
grubs and the corn root web worm or bud worm, as it is 
called, for not only are the Deetle grubs found in sod, but 
the bud worm lays its eggs in early summer on grass 
and its larvae feed on the grass. They pupate in the sur- 
face of the sod and the mature insect comes out and lays 
eggs on grass, if plentiful, or on corn, if it is there, and 
the larvae feed on the terminal bud of the corn. Now, 
if the sod is turned in the late fall, roughly harrowed, and 
left for the cold to act on the pupae, there will be less 
bud worms, and if a winter co\er crop is sown and the 
land replowed in spring there will not be near so much 
transplanting needed. If the worms attack the early 
planted corn seriously it would be better to plow the field 
again and plant all over as the later planting will gener- 
ally escape and the buried larvae will be destroyed. I 
should suppose there will be no difficulty in maturing a 
crop of corn in Fauquier planted in early June even. 
Truck Returns. 

Doubtless, the returns quoted from the Long Island Rail- 
road Experiment Farm may have been realized by 
growers in the immediate vicinity of New York who haul 
their products to the city and sell from their wagons. 
But the man who depends on the Southern railroads and 
the New York commission men will usually come a good 
ways short of getting such returns. It is Mr. Fullerton's 
business to boost Long Island too. W. F. MASSEY. 



There is one value attached to tillage that is often 
overlooked. It is just as necessary for the soil to be well 
supplied with air as for animals in the stable. The roots 
need oxygen. It is also essential to proper chemical 
changes in soil constituents and to the myriads of micro- 
organisms which are necessary for plant life. In tilling 
the soil, we not only conserve moisture and admit air, but 
we save heat as well, for not a drop of water can be con- 
verted into vapor without the expenditure of heat. 



REALISM. 
Artist.— This picture I call "Pigs in Clover." 
Critic. — I see the pigs, but where is the clover? 
Artist. — The pigs ate it. — Cleveland Leader. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



587 



Trucking, Garden and Orchard. 



WORK FOR THE MONTH. 
What with marketing the fall planted cabbage crop and 
the early spring planted vegetables and the berries and 
small fruits, cultivating newly sowed and set out crops 
and preparing for and sowing and planting successional 
crops for late summer and fall, the month of June is one 
of the busiest in all the year for the trucker and gardener 
and he will need to economize time and have good or- 
ganization if he is to keep thing going along satisfactorily 
and come out at the end- of the season with the profit 
on the right side. 



Watch closely the maturing of the crops and ripening 
of the fruit and do not let them get past their best con- 
dition before gathering and shipping. Be careful to 
cull closely and ship only the best in clean, ventilated 
crates and boxes well packed and marked with name 
of grower and place and keep cool until started on their 
journey to the markets. Mark plainly the quality on the 
packages and thus get a reputation, and then be careful 
to live up to it. Culls and inferior products should be 
kept at home and be there utilized either for stock feed- 
ing or, in the case of fruit, be canned or dried. 



We are glad to see the extension of the co-operative 
system of marketing truck and fruit crops. When this 
becomes general throughout the country much better 
average prices will be obtained and the people will be 
much better supplied with truck, garden and orchard pro 
ducts. Growers should join these Associations and com- 
ply strictly with their requirements and, where they do 
not exist, should get together and organize such Asso- 
ciations. 



ent year. The loss sustained by non-sprouting of North- 
ern grown seed has this year been heavy, whilst second 
crop seed, home-grown, has made excellent stands. The 
selected sets should be spread out in the open air in the 
shade to green for a week or two and then be bedded 
down in a little woods earth or good soil scarcely suffi- 
cient to cover them. They will at once commence to 
sprout, and only those sprouted should be planted. Throw 
out a deep furrow and plant in the bottom and cover 
lightly with soil, and as they grow work in the soil until 
level and keep level during the growth of the crop. The 
sets should be planted from the middle of this month 
to the middle of July. 



Do not neglect to spray the Irish potato crop with 
Bordeaux mixture to prevent blight. Do not wait until 
the blight starts before beginning. It is then too late 
to avoid loss. Spraying four or five times pays well. 
It has added one hundred bushels to the acre in yield in 
many cases. When potato bugs are present mix Paris 
green with the Bordeaux and kill them at the same 
time as you prevent the blight. Use a pound of the green 
to one hundred gallons of the Bordeaux. 



Successional crops of sweet corn, peas, beans, cante- 
loupes, melons, squashes, tomatoes, peppers, and egg 
plants should be set out so as to continue the supply 
as late into the fall as possible. 



The planting of Irish potatoes for the winter crop 
should have attention during this month. The best seed 
to use for this purpose is that which has been kept 
in cold storage or has been carefully kept at home in 
the dark at as low a temperature as possible to keep out 
frost during the winter and spring. Where cold storage 
sets are used they should be spread out on the barn 
floor for a week or ten days before planting to warm up 
and commence to sprout. In our January and February 
issues will be found advice as to the fertilizer to use for 
Irish potatoes. At this season, however, it will not be 
necessary to use so high a percentage of nitrogen as for 
the earlier crop as the ground is warmer and nitrifica 
tion in the soil active. Where the second crop Irish po- 
tatoes are grown for sets the sets for this crop should 
be selected from the eariy grown crop as that crop is 
dug. Select sets of a medium small size. The sets for 
this crop are not cut but planted whole. The importance 
of growing this crop in the Eastern sections of the State 
has been finely illustrated by the experience of the pres 



When setting out tomatoes plant a hill of corn every 
five or six yards in the row. The worms which damage 
the tomatoe plants and fruits prefer corn to tomatoes, 
and when on the corn plants these can he cut down and 
fed to stock and thus be gotten rid of. Melon bugs and 
lice can be kept in control by using tobacco dust on the 
plants when wet with dew or rain. 



Celery seed should be sown this month for the plants 
which will be required to be set out in July and August. 
Celery seed is slow to germinate. The bed should be 
made very fine and rich and should be in a shady situa- 
tion or where it can be shaded until the plants have 
made a good start. Sow the seed in drills four inches 
apart and press into the soil with the back of the spade 
or a light roller and cover with a dusting of fine soil and 
make damp and then lay mats on the bed to keep in the 
moisture for a week until germination starts, when these 
should be removed and a light shading be substituted of 
plant bed muslin held a few inches above the bed. 



Set out sweet potato plants. A good sandy loam is 
the best for this crop, but should not be too rich or 
the crop will run too much to vine. A good fertilizer 
for this crop can be made by mixing 150 pounds of 
nitrate of soda, 250 pounds of acid phosphate, and 150 
pounds of muriate of potash, and applying the quantity 
to an acre, if the land is poor, reducing the quantity 
where the land is in better fertility. We would like 
to see our Virginia growers raise more of the fine sweet 
Southern yams, not the poor, big, white yams now grown. 
Northern consumers are learning to prefer these to the 
dy, mealy sweet potatoes grown so largely here and in 
New Jersey. The variety to grow is the Barbadoes or 
the Norton or Pumpkin yams. 



588 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



TRUCKING PROSPECTS IN TIDEWATER VIRGINIA. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Prices received for cabbage are very discouraging. 
Quotations last week ranging from forty to sixty-five 
cents per barrel. These prices will scarcely pay ship- 
ping expenses. Prices at this writing are slightly higher. 
The quality of the cabbage being shipped is very good, the 
low prices tending to retard cutting until the heads are 
thoroughly matured. 

Garden peas are moving very satisfactorily. The quali- 
ty is somewhat above the average. The pea aphis which 
caused so much damage last season is not nearly so de- 
structive this year. Anthracnose and blight are reported 
in a few fields, but the extent of the damage from these 
causes is comparatively slight. 

Norfolk strawberries have been on the market for some 
weeks. The quality and quantity both are slightly below 
the average. Prices received are from 50 to 100 per cent, 
lower than at the corresponding week last year. Straw- 
berry shipments will have practically ceased by the 25th 
of May. 

Somewhat careful investigations of the potato condi- 
tions in the Tidewater counties of the State indicate the 
loss from poor germination will not be so great as anti- 
cipated. Conservative growers from the different counties 
place the loss from this cause at from 20 to 40 per cent, 
of the crop. In some localities the stand is fully up to 
95 per cent, of the average, while in others it will not 
be over forty per cent. 

The outlook for the tomato crop is good. The acreage 
seems to be somewhat smaller than usual, but the plants 
are in a healthy condition. With favorable weather a 
good crop will undoubtedly be harvested. The acreage 
devoted to cucumbers and canteloupes is somewhat larger 
than usual. The striped cucumber beetle is causing quite 
a little damage in some localities, but the more progress- 
ive growers are adopting means of controlling the insect. 
A large number of growers are planning to spray their 
cucumbers and canteloupes with Bordeaux mixture to pre- 
vent the mildew and other fungous diseases which have 
proven so detrimental to this crop in the past. 

Truck Bxpt. Station, T. C. JOHNSON, 

Norfolk, Va. Superintendent. 



FRUIT PROSPECTS IN VIRGINIA. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Since last month the situation regarding fruit prospects 
have changed somewhat. At time of spraying after fall- 
ing of bloom all orchardists reported prospects as better 
than expected, but a few days later the apples fell off 
very heavily and at present the situation in Albemarle 
county may be summarized as being a very short crop 
of apples on the lower lands; in many cases practically 
none. In the Blue Ridge the situation varies from a very 
short crop in some cases to quite a heavy crop in other 
orchards; those trees which did not bear last year have 
full crops, or nearly so. Those trees that bore any con- 
siderable quantity last year are short in proportion to 
what they then bore. While there will be considerable 
apples shipped, yet I regret to report prospects for a short 
crop. 

Peaches are killed on the lower lands, but on the moun- 
tains there are some above the 1,000 feet line; in the 
higher orchards of this "green belt" there are full crops. 



[June, 

The Bilyeu Comet and Carman seem to have stood best. 
While there are a very few cherries in the "green belt," 
below the 1,000 feet line there are none; no pears; straw- 
berries which promised well are now ripe, but are being 
cut short by the dry weather, and if rain does not come 
in a day or two from this writing (May 20th) the crop 
will be ruined. This report is not very encouraging, but 
we have to take the rough with the smooth. From what I 
hear, I believe the above win pretty well represent con- 
ditions in other parts of the commercial fruit section of 
the State. I may add that I have found in former years 
that as time advances we often find we have more fruit 
than we expect at the time when the fruit is small and 
looks far apart. As it increases in size it shows itself 
better, and we find there is more than anticipated. .1 only 
hope this may be the case this year. 

Crozet, Albemarle Co., Va. WALTER WHATELY, 

Secretary Va. State Horticultural Society. 



INSTITUTE WORK BY THE VIRGINIA STATE 
HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

The Society, following out its policy of giving as much 
education in horticultural matters as possible, as well 
as explaining the benefits of membership in the Society, 
is continuing its Institutes in different fruit centres. 
Early in April a meeting was held at Lovingston, Nelson 
county, presided over by Major W. M. Boyd, one of our 
prominent members, at which there was a good attend- 
ance in the court house. Professor Price, of Blacksburg, 
gave an address on Horticultural Topics, followed by Mr. 
Walter Whately, Secretary of the Society, on behalf of 
the Society, and Mr. T. W. Woollen, of Crozet, Manager 
of the Virginia Growers' and Packers' Association, on the 
necessities for better packing. 

On May 1st a meeting was held at Purcellville, Loudoun 
county, on which occasion, though the weather was un- 
favorable, there was a better attendance than could have 
been expected. This meeting was presided over by Mr. 
Nickells, a prominent local orchardist; Professor M. B. 
Waite, of the United States Department of Agriculture, 
gave a most interesting address on orchard technique, 
which received close attention from the audience, followed 
by Mr. W. Whately, who on this occasion had the double 
assignment of speaking on behalf of the Society and also 
on the subject of improved methods of packing. This 
closed a series of such Institutes held by the Society 
throughout the winter, during which the Valley, Pied- 
mont, and Southwest Virginia have been visited. There 
appears to be no doubt from the interest displayed that 
these meetings have been much appreciated, and we 
hope will be productive of much good. 

The Society intends to do all in its power to educate 
and interest the fruit growers of the State and have 
now made arrangements with the United States Depart- 
ment of Agriculture to send to each member four instruc- 
tive bulletins on "Fungicides," "Pruning," "The Apple, 
and How to Grow It," and "Control of the Codling Moth 
and Apple Scab." Any member of the Society may ob- 
tain these, with all other literature issued by the Society, 
as well as a copy of its annual report, free. Member- 
ship is only $1,00 per year, and the member obtains far 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTEK. 



589 



more than the worth of this. If we don't grow good fruit 
in Virginia it will not be the fault of the Society. 
Crozet, Va. WALTER WHATELY, 

Secretary and Treasurer.. 



THE COTTON SITUATION AND SOUTHERN 
TRUCKING. 
Editor Southern Planter: 

There is the usual advice being urged on the cotton 
farmers to reduce the acreage, and it will be followed 
by the same results. Every man who gets the notion 
that there is going to be a reduction will plant more 
acres in hopes of getting in on the higher prices, and the 
result will be another bumper crop, and low prices in 
the fall. 

I have recently been all through the cotton section, from 
North Carolina and Virginia to Florida, going by one 
route and returning by another. And all through the cot- 
ton country I found the entire earth bedded for cotton, 
evidently preparation is being made for another great crop. 
As a friend in North Carolina said, "The Southern farm- 
ers in the cotton country will never go to farming till 
whipped into it by low prices." But, nevertheless,, here 
and there farmers are breaking away from the old ruts 
and there never was a time when there was more in- 
quiry in regard to farm rotation and soil improvement 
And yet, one riding through the country, and seeing all 
the land in view prepared evidently for cotton would come 
to the conclusion that all the efforts that have been made 
to get the Southern farmers into better practices have 
been in vain. 

Unfortunately we do not see all from the railroad train. 
And yet it is not the Southern cotton farmer only who 
is farming badly. I spent two days riding around among 
the truck farms at Norfolk, both among the smaller 
growers about Lambert's Point, and over on the great 
farms of the West Branch. And here, too, I found that 
the constant cultivation of the land, with heavy applica- 
tions of commercial fertilizers is having the same effect 
as the constant cultivation in cotton. The soil has got 
ten acid and deficient in humus, and the truckers com 
plain that some crops that were formerly profitable can 
no longer be grown. 

About Lambert's Point, the lettuce crop and the spin- 
ach crop are both failing. The plants seem to winter 
and then die off. The lettuce turns red and gradually 
disappears. Tests with litmus paper show intense acidity 
in the soil, and the hard baking crust showed the lack 
of humus. 

And yet these growers are using far more stable man- 
ure than the large truckers on the West Branch. I sug- 
gested that they must make a rotation with peas and 
crimson clover, but they thought that on their land, val- 
ued at more than $1,500' per acre, they could not afford 
to do this. I told them that in my opinion, they could 
not afford not to do it, for they admitted that for sev- 
eral years they had been making no money. 

The only man in the Lambert's Point section who 
seemed to be doing well is a man with a small place, 
who is working 3,700 glass sashes on hotbeds and frames. 
This man, the 20th of March, had thousands of cucum- 
bers and egg plants in little veneer boxes in his hot 



beds, and was gathering a fine crop of radishes and let- 
tuce from his frames. 

After the frames are empty of these crops he will run a 
furrow through the middle of the frames and partly fill 
it with manure, and bed on that, and in each sash will 
set a cucumber hill from the boxes, and will keep them 
protected with the sashes till the weather is settled, and 
then will let them run, and will have cucumbers far 
ahead of his neighbors. 

At New Berne, N. C, a large grower told me that 
he had shipped all the lettuce from his frames covered 
with glass, but that in the frames on which cloth is used 
and steam, too, at times, the lettuce was just coming in. 
I have for years been urging the Southern truckers to 
use more glass, but the reply is that it costs so much. 
At Wilmington, N. C, I visited a man who had about 
two and a half acres in cloth-covered frames. I asked 
him what it cost to make these frames. He said $800 
an acre, and the cloth to be renewed every two years. 
Glass sashes at present price would cost between $3,000 
and $4,00'0 per acre, and if taken care of, would be good 
for twenty years. Therefore, in the long run, the glass 
is far cheaper. Not only this, but in the glass frames 
the crop is enough better every year to pay for the 
cloth, and no steam heat is needed as in cloth-covered 
frames, at times. 

I told these people about what I had seen at Cleveland, 
Ohio, where, on land worth thousands of dollars per 
acre, the growers have spent many more thousands in 
the erection of immense green houses covering many 
acres, heated in a most expensive way, with hot water 
apparatus or steam, for growing lettuce, tomatoes and 
cucumbers, and were making money. 

With the abounding sunshine and milder climate in the 
upper South, just as good lettuce can be made in cold 
frames, and green houses built and heated like those in 
Ohio could be used for tomatoes and cucumbers and other 
crops at far less cost than in the dark weather up on 
the Lakes in winter, and if the Cleveland men could 
make money in growing these things, the Southern men 
could make great fortunes at the same business. 

Winter forcing in regular green houses is yet to be 
the development in the upper South, and the men who 
first get into it are going to reap a great harvest. I 
saw one place in Cleveland where a man has six acres 
in green houses, and all were planted in lettuce when 
I was there last fall, and are now in tomatoes and cu- 
cumbers. About seventy acres are there in vegetable 
houses, and many more at Ashtabula, and at Grand Rap- 
ids, Mich., while at Irondequoit, N. Y. I was told that 
there are 200 establishments in this business of winter 
forcing. Then at Belmont and Arlington, near Boston, 
are many more acres under glass for winter vegetables,, 
and all in climates where heavy expenditure must be 
made for coal, and where sunshine is rare in winter. 
The Norfolk men are too extensive, and as one man said, 
when I remarked that many cabbages were running to 
seed, "It would be a good thing if more than half of 
them would do so, for Norfolk county always kills Nor- 
folk county, with too much stuff all at one time." They 
need not only to rotate their lands and improve them, 
but to get at more intensive work under glass. 

W. F. MASSEY. 



590 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



Live Stock and Dairy. 



DAIRYING IN VIRGINIA. 

For years we have been trying to induce our farmers 
to become live stock keepers and dairymen, satisfied from 
long personal experience and from the experience of the 
results in other States that only by that means could our 
lands be permanently and cheaply improved whilst at the 
same time the financial condition of the farmers them- 
selves could be put upon a cash basis. The Legislature 
urged by some of our best ana most influential farmers fol- 
lowed up our efforts last session by the creation of 
a Dairy Commission with a Dairy Commissioner and 
Deputy at the head and with a substantial appropriation. 
One of the chief duties of this Commission was defined 
to be the promotion of the Dairy industry of the State. 
As Dairy Commissioner, the Governor appointed Professor 
W. D. Saunders, a technically educated member of the 
Virginia Experiment Station staff, and who has had years 
of practical experience in the production of milk, butter 
and cheese, and than whom no more competent officer 
could be found anywhere. From this action we antici- 
pated a most lively awakening in the movement and in 
this we have not been disappointed. Scores of farmers 
have given the subject attention and many of them have 
incurred large expense in buying dairy herds and fitting 
up their barns and buildings for the conduct of the busi- 
ness. They now find themseives confronted with a seri- 
ous difficulty in carrying on the business. After the State 
Dairy Commissioner has examined their premises and cer- 
tified them to be properly constructed and the work con- 
ducted in such a manner as to be satisfactory to the 
Commission, the inspectors of the Richmond City Board 
of Health visits the premises and in many cases has 
prohibited the owners from sending their products into 
the city for sale, thus rendering absolutely nugatory the 
authority of the State Dairy Commissioner, and making 
it impossible for the owners to make profit on their out- 
lay. There is something radically wrong in this proced- 
ure. It is a poor way to encourage dairying in 'the State 
for one authority — and that a State one — to encourage the 
starting of the business and to certify as to the fitness of 
the plant and then for another authority — and that mere- 
ly a city authority — to step in and override the State 
authority and practically to confiscate the outlay made in 
establishing the business, for to prohibit the sale of the 
products in the city is practically to confiscate the outlay. 
The anomally of the procedure is the greater because 
the action of an expert, technically educated dairyman 
like the State Commissioner is overruled by the authority 
of men who, to say the least about them, are not techni- 
cally educated men. We grant that the City Board of 
Health has the right under the law to prescribe what arti- 
cles of food shall be sold within the city, but we contend 
that their authority does not extend outside the city lim- 
its. If, when when the article of food offered for sale is 
brought into the city, it is on examination found not to 
be wholesome or pure, then they may forbid its sale; 
but it seems to us a great and tyrannical exercise of 
authority, and one which we doubt whether the courts 
of law will sustain, for a city authority to override a 



State authority, and especially outside the limits of the 
city. The exercise of this authority seems to us to con- 
travene the Constitution in that it deprives a citizen of 
his property without due process of law. To seize a 
man's milk and pour it dov/n the drain before it leaves 
the farm, as has been done, seems perilously like depriv- 
ing a man of his property without process of law. How- 
ever this may be, it is imperative that some means be 
taken to define the limits of State and city authority, and 
that at once, if the dairy industry is to progress in the 
State, as it ought to do. Will the State authorities please 
inform the farmers whether the State officer charged with 
this work of dairy inspection and promotion is subordi- 
nate to the city authorities, and, if so, what purpose is 
served by the Stale officer, and why the citizens are taxed 
to maintain the Commissioner and his office? 



HOLSTEINS IN VIRGINIA. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Enclosed please find copy for my advertisement for The 
Planter. This will serve as a revelation of my where- 
abouts, and an indication that my separation from the 
ranks of Southern dairymen is simply a matter of geogra- 
phy ,for my interest in all those engaged in dairying in 
the South is unfailing, and my enthusiastic belief in their 
great possibilities for success but grows firmer. Of course, 
it is in Virginia that my interest principally lies, for dur- 
ing my stay there I became acquainted with her people 
and with the conditions that surround her dairy farmers. 
I have been able in times past, because of a little 
longer experience with dairy cattle, especially Holsteins. 
to assist by advice those just beginning in the business. 
To such beginners and others interested in the black 
and white cows, I would say, I am still at your service. 
My adveristement gives you my address. Write me if I 
can aid you in any way. 

You will be interested in learning of the foundation 
of another Holstein herd in Virginia of which, in the 
years to come, she will be justly proud. It is owned by 
Mr. D. S. Jones, President of the Common Council, New- 
port News, Virginia. A year ago Mr. Jones visited Hygeia 
Herd and selected a very fine young bull from a 19-pound 
three-year-old daughter of the famous Jessie Veeman 
A. He was by Pontiac Calypso's Son, whose dam 
and sire's dam have official records averaging 28.15 pounds 
of butter in seven days. This young bull has developed 
beautifully, and Is bound to get great producing stock. 
Realizing the great advantages and pleasure to be derived 
from a pure-bred herd, Mr. Jones wrote me a few weeks 
ago, asking that I secure for him six young cows suit- 
able for the foundation for a fine and large producing 
herd, leaving the selection entirely with me. "For," he 
wrote, "you know better what I need than I do." I se- 
lected for him six highly bred cows from two to four years 
old, from large producing families and with extra fine in- 
dividuality. Included in this lot was Parthenea Pontiac, 
a heifer, whose dam, Pontiac Partehnea, has just sold 
at public sale for $430.00. She has a record of 22.61 
pounds of butter in seven days, with an average test of 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



591 



4.29 per cent. fat. At the time of her sale, $500.00 was 
offered for a heifer calf from her by a son of Henger- 
veld DeKol. Parthenea Pontiac was sired by a son of 
Hengerveld DeKol who has nearly one hundred daughters 
in the Advanced Registry, two with records over 30. 

Another fine one was Jane Pietertje DeKol, who traces 
directly to Lilith Pauline DeKol, A. R. O., 28.24 pounds; 
DeKol 2d, 26.58 pounds, and Aaggie Topsy DeKol, 29.57 
pounds; and to such sires as Milla's Pietertje Netherland, 
Pietertje Alban DeKol, and Korndyke Queen's Sir DeKol. 
In DeKol Netherland Canary, a representative of the 
Canary Mercedes and Netherland families, Mr. Jones has 
a prize. She is in calf to Pontiac Chiron, one of the 
best sons of Hengerveld DeKol. Lakeside Molly DeKol 
is also in calf to Pontiac Chiron. Her breeding along the 
Pauline Paul and DeKol 2d lines will make the calf par- 
ticularly valuable. Plum Concordia, a daughter of Junior 
Concordia DeKol, freshened while in transit with a fine 
heifer calf which is worth nearly the price of the cow. 
Boon's Beauty 2d's Rue, a granddaughter of Johanna Rue 
3d's Lad and Manor DeKol, is the last on the list, but 
one of the best in the lot. In these six animals are rep- 
resented the blood strains of the very best families of the 
breed, and are all that could be desired for the founda- 
tion of a grand herd. 

On his farm at Morrison's Station, a few miles from 
Newport News, Mr. Jones is carrying on a practical sys- 
tem of farming, following closely the plan of deep plough- 
ing, growing of legumes, and feeding all crops, except 
potatoes, to dairy cows. In this way he markets all of 
the products of the farm in a finished state, in the form of 
milk and cream, thus realizing a greater amount from 
them and at the same time returning all plant food to 
the land, which is growing richer and better every year. 
I would advise all those contemplating going into the 
Holstein dairy business to consult with Mr. Jones. You 
will find in him a thoroughly practical man, and one of 
the finest gentlemen Virginia affords. I shall always look 
back with a great deal of pleasure to the few days I 
spent with Mr. Jones in his home. We wish him all suc- 
cess, for upon such men depends the agricultural progress 
of the Old Dominion. 

In the same car we shipped a young bull to Mr. Robert 
E. Kurtz, of Ashland, Virginia. Mr. Kurtz is a graduate 
of the V. P. I. and is starting into the Holstein business 
in a small way, but with the ideas that lead to success. 
I selected for him from our own herd a grandson of 
DeKol 2d's Butter Boy 3d. This sire has more A. R. O. 
daughters than any other bull of his age, and his heifers, 
now freshening are making phenomenal records. Sev- 
eral two year olds have made over twenty pounds, and 
one over 24 pounds. I am in receipt of a letter from Mr. 
Kurtz, in which he says in part: "Bull arrived in good 
shape, and to say that I am pleased would be express- 
ing myself mildly." It is a pleasure for us to receive 
such letters from our customers, for in their satisfaction 
we feel that we have attained the desired end. 

I was pleased to note all through Virginia the indica- 
tions of dairy and agricultural progress. Several cream- 
eries are being successfully operated in the State and 
many others in process of building; new and better barns 
are being built; great progress is being made toward the 
eradication of the cattle tick. The three horse plow and 



subsoiler is rapidly supplanting the single plow. The ten 
gallon cow and large beef animals are driving the scrub 
stock "to the tall timber." This is truly an age of ad- 
vancement. The time is past when "the kind that grand- 
father had is good enough for me." Start right; do bet- 
ter; have the best, is the motto for the dairyman and 
farmer that will work to the advantage of the individual 
and the State. 

I will not take more of your valuable space, Mr. Editor. 
I only wish to say that I believe this wonderful wave of 
agricultural progress that is sweeping over the South is 
due in a large measure to the untiring efforts of The 
Planter in the interests of the farmer. 

Richland, N. Y. J. B. LOOMIS. 

Mr. Loomis is the gentleman who had charge of the 
celebrated Holstein Herd of Dr. Robinson, at Hygeia 
Farm, Covesville, Virginia, and later of the same herd 
after it passed into the hands of Dr. W. F. Carter, at 
Crozet, Virginia. He is a great authority on Holstein 
breeding and management. — Ed. 



HOG FEEDING PROBLEMS. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

It is my intention to go into the production of pork 
on a more or less extensive scale, and I want to do the 
business on an intensive plan. Raising pork for the live 
hog market was the main vocation of farmers in my na- 
tive State (Iowa), and the methods of the West are not 
always practical on Eastern farms. The difference in the 
soils, length of season, price of corn, and the scarcity in 
this seetion of good summer pasturage for pigs and their 
mothers make the problem one of altogether different com- 
plection from the one that I am accustomed to. 

My chief concern is the problem of putting prime pork- 
ers on the market at the least possible cost, and this 
naturally means with the least possible feeding of high- 
priced grain, chiefly corn. I have a field of about sixty 
acres of second bottom (I presume some might call it 
upland)., where the soil is of rather a stiff clay of fairly 
good fertility as it stands. Previous to this year it has 
not been in cultivation for a number of years and was 
heavity sodded with broomsedge. It was plowed this 
winter about nine inches in depth and will go in corn and 
get a very thorough cultivation. This field runs length- 
wise alongside a woods pasture with water therein. It is 
my purpose to divide the field into several small ones, 
fencing each with hog-tight fencing, and each field will 
have an egress into the woods pasture, the object being 
to permit the pigs to have the run of the pasture at all 
times and the use of one of the fields when the crop 
therein is ready for them. Now, the immediate problem 
before me is the selection of a crop rotation for these 
fields, and the number of fields will, of course, depend 
on the crop rotation adopted. 

I want crops that the hogs will themselves harvest, as 
labor is one of our problems also. I also want to sup- 
ply the greatest amount of good nutritious hog food for 
the longest period of time possible, it being an open secret 
amongst the hog raisers of the West that a pig must be 
kept growing rapidly, for every day that it fails to make 
a gain it is losing what it gained in two days. These 
fields will be devoted exclusively to growing feed for 



592 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



the hogs, as the regular crop rotation of corn, wheat, 
clover and peas will be carried on on the bottom or river 
fields. 

I have been considering the following as a feasible 
plan: First, to divide the sixty-acre field into three 
twenty-acre lots. Lot No. 1 to be sown to rape and 
Canada field peas in spring of 1910. Lot. No. 2 to be 
sown to cowpeas in June. Lot No. 3 to be planted to 
some early maturing corn to be harvested by the hogs. 
Lot No. 1 will be sown to crimson clover and rye in fall 
of 1910. Lot No. 2 to be planted to corn in 1911, and Lot 
No. 3 to be sown to cowpeas in 1911; corn will follow 
cowpeas; clover and rye will follow rape and Canada field 
peas, and rape and Canada field peas will follow corn in 
1912. 

This makes a three-year rotation of corn, clover, cow- 
peas and rape, which appears to promise an abundance 
of feed almost the entire year around, especially if rye 
is sown with the crimson clover. It may be advantage- 
ous to make more lots and grow more crops, and I am 
considering several plans. 1 am just making a beginning 
in the pork producing business in this State, though I have 
farmed here for several years. The high price of corn 
has set me to wondering what might be the best policy 
to pursue, and if the editor or any of the contributors 
have found a solution to the problem that confronts me 
I should be glad indeed to know the results of their ex- 
periences. I have at present eighty-five nead of porkers 
on a seven-acre field of crimson clover, and l have a 
very impressive lesson that convinces me that crimson 
clover and pigs are affinities. 

Referring to Professor Massey's criticism of plowing un- 
der cowpeas and seeding the plowed field to wheat, I will 
say that; the criticism is well taken, as a rule, hut in 
this case circumstances made an exception to the rule. 
In the first place, the cowpeas on a part of the field were 
cut for hay, but we gained little thereby for we haven't 
stock to eat the hay, and few persons in this locality 
have enough confidence in cowpea hay to Duy it at any 
price, so the hay is of little value to us. Again, at the 
time we began preparing the field for wheat, the surface 
was so very dry that we could do little with the disc 
cultivator, but we could manage a plow very well. I am 
confident that our wheat will not be so good a crop as 
it might have been had the season been favorable to the 
practice of the method prescribed by Professor Massey. 
I also believe that we would have made more wheat 
if we could have spent some time in working the seed 
bed down to the firmness that the wheat needs, but, un- 
fortunately, time did not permit it. So, though we do 
not uphold the plan of plowing under cowpea vines, except 
in exceptional cases, we do believe- that there are times 
when it is the best that one can do, and, when it needs 
to be done, we want to do it in the best manner possible; 
hence, our inquiry as to plows that would do satisfactory 
work in such emergencies. And when one has not the 
■stock to feed and those who buy hay will buy crabgrass 
and broomsedge mixed hay in preference to cowpea hay, 
we know of no better thing to do with a growth of cow- 
pea vines than to turn them under, though we would pre- 
fer to plant to corn rather than seed to wheat. Some 
may question if the cowpea is a profitable crop for us 
to grow under sueh circumstances, and we sometimes 
question it ourselves, but we are striving for bigger yields 



of wheat and corn and very much desire the help that a 
crop of peas gives. After we get more stock; when ma- 
chines will thresh the seed from pea vines satisfactorily; 
when the feeding value of pea hay becomes better known, 
then this problem can be solved in several ways. Even 
then we shall hesitate to sell the hay, having been taught 
and firmly believing that it is always better, in the long 
run, to feed the roughness on the farm, and carefully 
save the manure, which should be applied to high-priced 
market crops. In this way any loss caused by the dif- 
ference in the price of the feed before and after feeding 
is more than returned. ARTHUR V. TAYLOR. 

Chesterfield Co., Va. 

If our correspondent will refer to our issues of Septem- 
ber, October, November and December of last year, he 
will find this subject of hog feeding crops fully discussed. 

The following queries and replies on this subject, which 
we took from one of our exchanges sometime ago are cer- 
tainly valuable suggestions which we can endorse. — Ed. 
Pasture for Hogs. 

"A bulletin of the United States Department advises, 
for Southeast Virginia a field of five acres divided into five 
lots. No. 1 to be planted to sorghum and followed by turf 
oats and vetch; No. 2 planted in sweet potatoes and fol- 
lowed by turf oats and vetch; No. 3 planted in peanuts; 
No. 4 planted in sweet potatoes for late crop, and No. 5 
in artichokes. The following year No. 1, which was in 
oats and vetch in winter, is planted in sweet potatoes, 
to be followed by oats and vetch in the fall. No. 2 is 
planted in artichokes; No. 3 in sorghum or Kaffir corn, 
to be followed by oats and vetch in October. No. 4 in 
peanuts, and No. 5 in sweet potatoes, both to be followed 
by oats and vetch. I would ask, first, Where can turf 
oats be had? Second, can vetch follow sorghum here in 
the fall? Third, when should the Early Amber sorghum 
be planted here? Fourth, can Early Amber and Black 
Eye or any other kind of peas be broadcasted together, 
and in what proportion, and will they mature at same 
time? Fifth, how many crops of sorghum can be grown 
here for hogs in one season? Sixth, is white clover and 
orchard grass a good combination for hogs, to be sown 
in spring? If not, what is?" 

One, The Virginia Grey Winter Turf oats can be had 
from any dealer in Norfolk. Second, vetch sown in the 
fall after sorghum will be of no use until late spring. 
Third, about the same time corn is planted. Fourth, they 
are frequently sown together for hay, but a later sort, 
like the Black pea, is better for this purpose, and we do 
not think the sorghum adds much to the feed. Fifth, one 
only. Sixth, as a permanent pasture lot the mixture will 
do fairly well, but we would, on your black moist soil, 
add some seed of red top grass. Then in the hog lots 
we would leave out the sorghum and the artichokes. The 
artichokes will become a pestiferous weed, and there are 
better foods than the sorghum for hogs. You can sow 
for temporary use one lot as early in spring as the land 
can be worked; with six pounds per acre of Dwarf Essex 
rape, to be eaten off and followed by an early maturing 
cowpea like the Whippoorwill, and this to be followed 
by crimson clover sown among the peas after they are 
eaten down. At tne same time sow other lots in Black 
peas, to be eaten off in succession and to be followed by 
rape sown in September for winter feed. Another lot 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



593 



can be planted in peanuts ana the other one also to be 
eaten off in succession and sown to the grass and clover 
mixture, using ten pounds each of the orchard grass and 
red top and five pounds of white clover. Then the fol- 
lowing seasons keep up a succession of peas and crim- 
son clover and keep the two in grass as a permanent 
pasture to be used alternately. On your black soil you 
will need to use acid phosphate and potash liberally, and 
as the vegetable matter accumulates you will have to 
apply a dressing of shell lime once in five years, at rate 
of twenty-five bushels per acre. After getting the rota- 
tion well started you will find that cowpeas and crimson 
clover will give you all the feed needed, to be followed 
by corn to harden the fat on the hogs in the fall. Always 
sow the crimson clover in September and do not be dis- 
couraged if the sowing partly fails at first, but give it 
the potash and phosphate ana the soil will get inoculated 
and you will have fine crops to begin on in the spring. 



IMPROVING THE LIVE STOCK. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

The signs of the times seem to point to a grand awak- 
ening in the interest and improvement of live stock 
throughout the whole country, and yet, many of our most 
practical farmers seem to be content with the scrub. 
They do not realize it is incumbent upon them to foster 
the expansion of the quality and value of so great an in- 
dustry. They are content with mongrelized blood in our 
domestic animals because they were handed down to us 
by our grandfathers. Can we afford to chance the future 
with such poor stock when high labor and high-priced 
feed are here to stay? 

Every one cannot go to breeding pure-bred stock be- 
cause the supply is inadequate to meet such a demand, 
but we can improve our herds by the use of a pure-bred 
sire. Some think a good individual with mongrelized 
blood con reproduce himself. We may select a sire of 
exceptional conformation, but which does not possess gen- 
erations of uncontaminated blood to impress upon his 
progeny and find that his excellency ends with himself 
He has so little pure blood to transmit to his product that 
he hasn't power to reproduce himself. A grade bred to 
a grade for two generations will produce an animal that 
is not worth his keep. It is here where the force of atav- 
ism and the law of heredity are manifest and keenly felt. 

On the other hand, the pure-bred with generations of 
royal blood of strong individuality with conformation char- 
acteristic of the breed is bound to impress his good points 
on his progeny. "Like produces like when blood is abso- 
lutely the same.". We are impressed very forcibly with 
the distinct types in the lower forms of life that are 
perfect duplicates of the original and if we did not breed 
such diversified types we would soon produce animals of 
such great merit as to challenge past endeavors. We 
feel we are not deluded when we claim this can be and 
will be accomplished. 

We cannot appreciate a sire too highly of unlimited 
vigor and prepotency of power to pass his good points 
to his offspring. We often see sons and daughters far 
superior to sire or dam with a strong pure line of ances- 
try back of them, but it is rare we see the get of sire 
represented by both sexes of .equal merit. Either males or 
females are inferior. Let us not forget that both indi- 
viduality and breeding are absolutely essential if we wish 



animals to reproduce themselves. Let us get the best 
our means will afford. The best are none too good. 

It is a delight to watch daily the growth of good bred 
stock, feeling satisfied the produce of our farms is going 
into living machines that are fast responding to good 
treatment and developing into the beautiful for which de- 
mand is great. It diverts our mind from some duty that 
ordinarily would be irksome or appalling by adding new 
life and determination to our being. The monotony of 
farm life that was distasteful dawns upon us as an un- 
bounded pleasure. 

We put too little stress on character in mating our do- 
mestic animals. Breeders of the British Isles put great 
import on this vital point when they study type and sym- 
metrical form, ever mindful of retaining character. 

The most successful men of the turf consider first ner- 
vous energy with an iron heart which impels a horse to 
forge to the front as long as endurance lasts. They go to 
the extent of being assured of a special fancy of the sire 
for the dam in order to encourage him to pass his great- 
ness to his offspring. 

Speed the day when the scrub will be entirely elimin- 
ated and we may appreciate the greatness and excellency 
of a pure fountain flowing through the product of the 
horse, cow, sheep and hog that has been unlocked by gen- 
erations of pure blood whose image will be stamped upon 
his progeny, which will far transcend the past in breed- 
ing and developing the ideal domestic animal, and not 
until that day shall dawn will the barren wastes be re- 
claimed in all their fertility and beauty. 

A Word for the Dual-Purpose Cow. 

We would be perfectly willing for these noble animals 
to rest on their laurels if let alone by men of a narrow 
vision, who claim to know so much about something they 
have never handled, or, if they have, it has only been 
a cheap cull. Some say there is no such thing as a dual- 
purpose horse, consequently there is no such thing as a 
dual-purpose cow. 1 wonder if these men are sufficiently 
versed to deny the existence of a combination horse, the 
cross of the thoroughbred and Clyde that is to-day sell- 
ing for from $500 to $6,000? They are good for harness, 
good for saddle, great as hunters, and ready for the plow. 

We have a dual-purpose hog in the Poland China which 
has been brought about by mixing distinct breeds and 
types. We can say the same of sheep and chickens. 

We are told that the ancient Egyptians thought it a dis- 
grace to depart from ancestral activities and achievements. 
If a given family was identified with a certain pursuit, 
let it be agriculture, priestcraft, or war, it was a scandal 
for the son to abandon the vocation of the father, which 
resulted in the production of a one-purpose man, wherein 
lies the failure of the fertile valley of the Nile to make 
progress. ' The most valuable men on our farms are the 
ones who can perform well the greatest number of duties 
and not the one-duty man. 

We see dual-purpose products in every form of nature. 
We see it in birds of song and plumage; we see it in the 
mighty trees of the forest; we can with one hand pluck 
the ripe orange, and with the other gather from the same 
tree a beautiful and fragrant wreath. This is a great 
country of diversified interests, and what may meet the 
needs of one locality or the requirements of one man will 
not suffice for others. Some of us are so narrow as to 



594 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



[June, 



think certain things do not exist that have not been com- 
mitted to our special guardianship and cannot tolerate 
facts as presented by others. 

We are not advocating the dual-purpose cow where the 
demand is all milk and no beef, or all beef and no milk. 
How many of our farmers can afford to feed cows only 
for the production of beeves and which cannot nurse them. 
How many can afford to retain a breed where calves have 
to be killed before they are three days old? We do not 
wish to slave our lives away at tne pail when a calf 
worth $75.00 to $100.00 can assist us. Some may claim 
all of us cannot realize such prices. We will answer, the 
demand far exceeds the supply, and again, a yearling steer 
from a dual-purpose cow readily brings $60.00 or more. 

Go with me, please, back only four decades, when the 
Jamestown Muley or Red Poll was the pride of the 
household, and the milking Shorthorn in her glory. 
We well remember the noble cows giving a gallon of milk 
from each quarter with grand calves by their sides. The 
Jersey grew into popularity. She seemed to appeal to 
our mothers. The noble old muley and the grand old 
roan were sent to the cities at good prices to return no 
more. The product of the Jersey was scattered broad- 
cast throughout Virginia and taken up by the South. The 
present generation is paying dearly for the fallacy. We 
see the State that was first celebrated for its great horses 
that imported the first noted cattle striving to reclaim 
its lost prestige. 

We defy him who doubts the existence of a dual-pur- 
pose cow to place a wager with The Southern Planter 
from one to ten thousand dollars. Each one that goes 
into the test is to represent $1,000. Should there be five 
cows the wager is to be $5,000. The cows are to be 
selected from the Red Polls or milking Shorthorns. These 
cows are to give 8,000 pounds of milk in twelve months 
that will test four per cent. The cows are to weigh over 
1,200 pounds when fat and be judged from a beef stand- 
point by butchers of note. If any man thinks he can make 
easy money, he will soon find ready takers. 

Delaplane, Va. H. M. LUTTRELL. 



DAIRY PROGRESS IN VIRGINIA. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

I note with interest the rapid development of dairying 
in the State. This speaks well for the enterprise of Vir- 
ginia farmers. Probably more than one-half of the dairy 
products which are placed on the markets in our cities 
are shipped from other States. This should not be, for 
dairy products are essentially perishable products, and 
the people of this State have a very great advantage in 
competition with other States in producing these products 
on account of the fact that competing States have to pay 
large refrigeration and express charges and at the best 
cannot put their products on our markets in as good con- 
ditions as we can ourselves. There should be, and I be- 
lieve will come, a time in the near future when Virginia 
will produce at least enough dairy products to satisfy her 
own markets, and this from the standpoint of commercial 
advantage to her farmers rather than from State pride. 

I not also with a great deal of satisfaction the organi- 
zation of creameries In many places in the State. The 
organization of creameries must go hand in hand with 
dairy development, but such organization should not pre- 
cede milk production In a given neighborhood. The 



creamery is a method of co-operatively handling and mar- 
keting dairy products. It is very evident that there is no- 
call for a creamery in a neighborhood where there is no 
milk to be manufactured into butter or cheese and put on 
the market. The profits in the creamery business depend 
directly upon the amount of milk handled, and the cream- 
ery which handles a very small amount of milk Is sure 
to be correspondingly unprofitable. While the creamery 
acts as a spur to milk production to a very great extent, 
it cannot succeed unless there is, to begin with, a certain 
amount of milk in the neighborhood to be handled, any 
more than a mill would succeed where there was no- 
grain to be ground. 

A word of caution in this connection to the farmers of 
the State at this time would perhaps be in place. The 
history of creamery development in the United States has 
been that whenever a community or State is developing 
the dairy interests, promoters, whose primary interests 
are to sell dairy machinery, have followed such creamery 
development. While these promoters, or agents for dairy 
machinery, have been of marked value to the dairy inter- 
ests in many cases, in some places they have been a 
detriment to real progress, for creameries have been or- 
ganized under conditions which made it almost impossible 
for success. The greatest mistake is the organization of 
a creamery in a neighborhood where there is no milk to 
be handled. The amount of milk necessary for success 
depends upon the profits in handling. It is doubtful if a 
creamery will be profitable unless there are at least two 
hundred cows, the milk from which will be delivered to- 
the creamery. 

About a year ago Professor W. D. Saunders was ap- 
pointed Dairy and Food Commissioner. Professor Saun- 
ders has probably been more intimately connected with 
the creamery business than any other man in the State. 
The law creating his office prescribes that it shall be 
his duty to foster dairy enterprises, and he is especially 
qualified to give advice in the matter of creamery organi- 
zation. It would be well for any neighborhood which con- 
templates the organization of a creamery to secure his co- 
operation before proceeding. When a creamery is organ- 
ized in a locality and fails, it invariably sets back dairy 
development rather than promotes it. It is well, therefore, 
for all concerned that a careful study of conditions be 
made before proceeding. 

W. K. BRAINERD, 

Expt. Station, Blacksburg, Va. Dairyman. 

We are glad to have this communication in support of 
the position we took in the article in our last issue on 
this subject of the creamery promoters. Since we wrote 
that article, we have been informed by an excellent 
authority that the creamery which these promoters have 
saddled on to the farmers around Farmville has cost them 
from $1,500 to $2,000 more than it could have been erected 
and equipped for, all of which might have been avoided 
by consulting with the Dairy Commissioner of the State. 
Another awkward feature of the transactions with these 
promoters is that they so prepare the obligation for pay- 
ment that each individual makes himself liable for the 
whole of the obligation. In this respect they proceed like 
the horse dealers who sell stud horses to a stock com 
pany. We have heard of several cases where one Indi- 
vidual who signed the obligation has had to pay the whole 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



595 



amount for the purchase of the horse. We would urge 
caution in dealing with any of these promoters, either of 
creameries or horse companies. We have letters from 
several parties thanking us for the warning published in 
our last issue as to these people. — Ed. 



TUBERCULOSIS IN CATTLE. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

In the opinion of the writer, the time is unuqestionably 
ripe for the cattle owners of the State to come forward 
and help the officials to fight the disease among our cat- 
tle known as tuberculosis. In this matter, however, the 
writer is speaking of the disease only with regard to its 
bearing on the health of live stock, and the actual cost 
which said disease is annually heaping upon our stock 
raisers, and especially upon the dairymen. So far as the 
health of man is concerned, while he feels the deepest 
interest in the welfare and good health of his fellowmen, 
yet the writer leaves that to the Board of Health and 
medical doctors, as his entire time is taken up in trying 
to protect the health of the live stock alone. 

It is a pleasure to note the interest the Board of Super- 
visors of Rockingham have manifested in this connection, 
and the activity they have shown in taking hold of the 
subject. The said county has taken the lead in this re- 
spect by being the first to appropriate money to be used 
in testing cattle, the prelimiuary step in this all-important 
fight. Virginia can accomplish but little, if anything, until 
the State appropriates money to be used to pay at least 
a portion of the assessed value of the condemned animals, 
in order that the cattle owners may have some help in 
bearing the cost of eradicating this disease, or, at least, 
in checking its spread through the State. 

Since it is useless to expect to successfully fight the 
said disease without money, the first step should be to 
have the cattlemen of this State get their representa- 
tives to look thoroughly into the matter, and, if possible, 
secure a special appropriation at the meeting of the Gen- 
eral Assembly next winter, for the specific purpose of 
fighting tuberculosis in cattle. 

As the matter now stands, the tuberculin test is the 
best method known to the profession of veterinary medi- 
cine by which to detect the disease in cattle when said 
disease is not in a advanced stage. Yet, the said test 
condemns many cattle which are only slightly affected, 
and which the cattle owner hates to give up for nothing 
— hence, the State must step in and help the owner to 
bear this loss if we expect to accomplish results by our 
present method of fighting the disease; that is, by accept- 
ing the results of the tuberculin test. 

With tuberculosis, as with most other contagious dis- 
eases, getting rid of the disease is but the first step — 
we must then keep our herds free from the same. Sanita- 
tion, the constant use of disinfectants, especially proper 
sanitation on the farm; care as to the water supply, fresh 
air and light in the barns, etc., all can be practiced by 
the cattleman at his own expense with profit to himself, 
while the State has, as can be seen by the following order, 
taken active steps by which to stop any one from send- 
ing or bringing animals affected with tuberculosis into 
Vorginia in future. 

The following order was recently made by the State 
Live Stock Sanitary Board for the protection of cattle 



breeders and dairymen of the State of Virginia against 
diseased cattle from other sections, and the Board will 
expect and appreciate the support of every one in the 
State interested in the development of stock, in helping to 
enforce the said order: 

Office of the State Veterinarian, 
Burkeville, Va., March 19, 1909. 
An order to protect the dairy and breeding cattle of Vir- 
ginia from the disease known as tuberculosis, which may 
exist among the live stock of other States or sections. 

The State Live Stock Sanitary Board of Virginia, under 
authority conferred by Section 1599-a, paragraph 4 of an 
Act of the General Assembly, approved March 12, 1908, 
authorizing the said Board to quarantine against all con- 
tagious and infectious diseases affecting the domestic ani- 
mals of other States, doth hereby issue the following 
order : 

"All cattle coming into the State of Virginia for dairy 
or breeding purposes, male or female, must be accom- 
panied by a written certificate showing that said cattle 
have passed the tuberculin test not longer than four 
months before entering the State. Said test must have 
been conducted by a qualified veterinarian approved by 
the Live Stock Quarantine authorities, or State Veteri- 
narian, of the State from which said cattle originate. 
This certificate must be presented to and approved by 
the State Veterinarian of Virginia before said cattle shall 
be allowed to enter the State. 

"Any railroad company, navigation company, or other 
corporation or common carrier, who shall knowingly or 
wilfully violate, disregard or evade any of the rules or 
directions of the Board of Veterinarian, establishing or 
governing quarantine, or who shall evade, or attempt to 
evade, any quarantine proclamation of the Governor of 
this State declaring quarantine limits, upon conviction 
thereof, shall be fined not less than five hundred dollars 
nor more than five thousand dollars for each and every 
offense, and shall be liable for all damages caused to any 
live stock by its failure to comply with the requirements 
of this act. 

(For above penalty see page 307 of the Code of Vir- 
ginia, paragraph 6, of section 1599-a, approved March 12, 
1909.) 

By order of the State Live Stock Sanitary Board. 

J. G. FERNEYHOTJGH, 

Burkeville, Va. State Veterinarian. 



The sale of the champion Shire stallion Tatton Dray 
King at the record price of $18,500 naturally is the sub- 
ject of animated interest on both sides the water. The 
English have a way of backing their judgment to the 
limit. They are game at any enterprise. The price looks 
like a large one. but as has beforetimes been noted it 
is an entirely safe gamble, aside from the risk of death, 
as the stallion possesses the earning ability in fees around 
$5,000 a season. 



It is comparatively easy to commit a good many crimes 
in the name of public health; and in this sensational age, 
when campaigns allegedly in behalf of public health are 
waged on hypotheses, it is necessary for stock farmers to 
be on their guard. 



596 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June. 



Brood Sows — Moore's Brook Berkr 
shires. Beginning at top: Master's 
Granddaughter, Lee's Artful Belle 
51st, Masterpiece's Prodigy, Lady Com- 
bination 12th, Masonic Lady and nine 
Pigs. 



THE MOORE'S BROOK BERKSHIRE HERD. 

Recently we had the pleasure of inspecting the Moore's Brook Berk- 
shire Herd. We were delighted to find such a goodly number of finely bred 
hogs in such excellent shape. Two reasons may be assigned for these con- 
ditions: First, of course, is good blood and individuals, and the second is 
plenty of alfalfa and green crops with running water abundantly distributed 
in all the breeding pens and runs by a hydraulic ram. 

The Moore's Brook Herd was established only a few years ago and 
the degree of excellence to which it has attained is due to the fact that 
its foundation is good stock which has been carefully bred and mated and 
new blood of fashionable and performing strains have been introduced until 
it now ranks second to no herd in the State. At the Lynchburg and Rich 
mond Fairs in 1907 and 1908 it won thirty-three ribbons and silver cup 
in the liveliest sort of competition. 

While already a fine producing and prize winning herd, it has been 
recently augmented by the purchase of some excellent animals from Outen's 
well-known Delaware herd. In this purchase were included Delaware 
Premier, a boar of excellent type; Lee's Artful Belle 51st, Premier Longfel- 
low s Belle, Lady Combination 5th, and a Daughter of Masterpiece. Berk- 
shire breeders will at once recognize in these names the bluest blood of 
the breed. While we did not question him closely on the subject, Dr. D. 
M. Trice, Proprietor, admitted to having parted with a pretty good sized 
check for the lot. 

The spring litters are about the prettiest and huskiest lot of youngsters 
we nave seen in a long while. Dr. Trice is so enthusiastic over these pigs 
that he intends to show four from Mason's Lady and four from Lee's Artful 
Belie 51st at the Fairs this fall in six classes each; viz.; under year boar 
and sow; best get of boar; produce of sow; breeder's young herd; under 
six months, and American Berkshire Association Cup. 

Our numerous Berkshire friends had better take this tip and govern 

themselves accordingly. 

Herd Boars. 

Dr. Trice thinks he is particularly strong in Herd Boars as evidenced 
by the following: 

Delaware Premier, by Lord Premier, out of Charmer's Lady 3d, she out 
of Charmer 66th. 

Gem's Kennett, by Kennett, out of Gem's Pet 3d. This boar headed the 
young herd that won the Cup at the State Fair at Richmond, 1908. 

Baron Premier T., sired by Baron Premier 3d, out of Hallmark's Emily. 
This boar is a grandson of Premier Longfellow. 

Masonic Rival, by Rival Premier, out of Masonic Belle. This hog is 
a grandson of Lord Premier's Rival. 

Sows. 

Lee's Artful Belle 51st, sire, Lord Premier; dam, Lee's Artful Belle 2d. 
The dam of this sow was a litter mate to the dam of Lord Premier's Rival 
and Lord Premier 2d, and the sow that sold in Mr. Corsa's recent sale for 
$675.00. 

Premier Longfellow's Belle 3d, sire, Premier Longfellow; dam, Lee's 

Artful Belle 51st. 

Lady Combination 12, sire, Young Baron Duke; dam, Lady Combination 
5th. This sow sold at Mr. Barker's 1907 sale for $300.00. 

Baroness Emily, sire, Baron Premier 3d; dam, Hallmark's Emily. 

Rival's Masonic and Rival's Masonic 2d, sire, Rival's Premier; dam, 
Masonic Belle. 

The three last named sows, with Gem's Kennett, constituted the young 
herd that won the Silver Cup offered by the American Berkshire Association 
at Virginia State Fair in 1908. 

Master's Granddaughter, sire, Lord Premier 3d; dam, Master's Eminent. 

Masterpiece Prodigy, sire, Predominant; dam, Master's Eminent. 

Masterpiece Beauty A. 2d, sire, Masterpiece, and sold for $405.00 in 
Council's August, 1907, sale. 

Four Granddaughters of Masterpiece, one by Lord Premier 3d, two by 
Predominant, and one by son of Masterpiece, out of a sow carrying all 
imported blood. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



597 



Most of these sows have pigs by the herd boars and Baron Duke's 50th Masterpiece. These pigs will undoubt- 
edly reflect credit on their breeding and their breeder also. SHEPHERD. 




Herd Boars — Moore's Brook Berkshires. Beginning at Left: Masonic Rival, Baron Premier T., Delaware 

Premier, Gem's Kennett. 



THE PROGRESS OF DAIRY EDUCATION IN THE 

SOUTH. 
Editor Southern Planter: 

Dairy education is making steady progress in all sec- 
tions of the South, though at the present time there is 
no State which has developed the dairy industries on a 
basis comparable with Wisconsin, and many of the 
commonwealths of the Middle West. Conditions are so 
essentially different between the South and the North- 
west that it is not difficult for one who has studied the 
situation to realize why dairy education has not made 
greater progress in the past. King Cotton is responsi- 
ble in a large measure for less interest being taken in 
dairying. Cotton is the money crop of the Southern 
farmer. It means everything to him; more than the pro- 
verbial hog, which has been aptly termed the mortgage 
lifter on our Western farms. It is the one crop on 
which all the energy and all the interest of the South 
centers. In Wisconsin, on the other hand, the State's 
prosperity is based on dairying, and natural conditions 
have had much to do with its development, as the en- 
vironment is not adapted for growing cotton, and the 
farmers had of necessity to turn their attention to some 
other industry as a means of livelihood. 

From this statement it must not be gathered that cot- 
ton growing and dairying are antagonistic; but natural 
environment has much to do with determining the rela- 
tive position of an enterprise in a given community. 
Nature has varied our climate and soils so as to adapt 
one section for one particular crop and another for 
some other form of agricultural activity. 

The extensive cultivation of cotton has occupied the 
public mind so completely that it has excluded the de- 
velopment of other enterprises which might have been 
associated with it to the immense benefit of the South- 
ern farmer. It is not so long ago in fact when the by- 
products of the cotton plant were allowed to go to 
waste. Any middle aged man will tell you that he recol- 
lects when the seed was regarded as a nuisance. Be- 
fore the advent of artificial ice it was exceedingly diffi- 
cult to handle milk and other perishable dairy products 
satisfactorily or economically. There were thus natural 
conditions to overcome on the part of the farmer, which, 
from his point of view, might easily have seemed unsur- 
mountable. The marvelous changes which science has 
made in all fields of industry, however, have shed new 
light on the dairyman's problems, and have shown the 



Southern farmer how he may now engage in dairy en- 
terprises with profit and satisfaction, for ice may now be 
made in his own dairy and sold to his friends and neigh- 
bors profitably, and it will not cost him more probably 
than it does in the North to harvest the natural ice and 
store it. 

Investigations in animal nutrition have shown that cot- 
ton seed meal stands unrivaled as a concentrate for bal- 
ancing the ration for the dairy cow. The silo has made 
it possible for the Southern farmer to have an admirable 
substitute for grass at those seasons of the year when 
blue grass is not available in the Piedmont section, or 
where Bermuda can be depended on throughout the vast 
extent of the coastal plains region. These facts have 
only been recently appreciated by any considerable per 
cent, of the people, but they are rapidly awakening to 
the possibilities which lie in front of them, when all the 
aids which science brings to the dairyman are adopted 
and utilized in conjunction with a climate and soil 
which produces as great a variety of useful crops for the 
economic nutrition of the dairy cow as can be grown 
anywhere in the world. 

One might be surprised on examining the animal sta- 
tistics of the Southern States to find what a large per 
cent, of dairy cows there are. Naturally, he might ex- 
pect to find great creameries and cheese factories scat- 
tered here and there throughout the country. On exam- 
ination he would find this to be an error, and would 
likely conclude that dairying had made but little pro- 
gress. In this he would be right from one point of 
view, as the Southern farmer .up to this time has been 
chiefly a "one cow" farmer; that is, he has kept a cow 
to supply milk and butter for his family. Not having 
a supply of ice, he was forced to churn every day, the 
product being consumed at home. As every other farmer 
and resident in the smaller towns and cities kept a cow, 
there was comparatively little demand for dairy pro- 
ducts until within the last few years. Now, however, 
an industrial wave of phenomenal character has spread 
over the South and towns and cities are springing up 
at an amazing rate, and industries of every character 
are being established in the smaller centers of population, 
while there is a demand for dairy products at profitable 
prices which is not being properly catered to at the 
present time. 

This is not difficult to understand, however, as all new 
enterprises have made slow progress in the beginning, 



598 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



and it has taken time to demonstrate to the tiller of 
the soil that there were other forms of farming besides 
cotton growing which would prove remunerative. As a 
matter of fact, the most enthusiastic dairyman must real- 
ize that where the farmer can buy land cheaply and raise 
a bale of cotton per acre with the use of from three 
hundred to four hundred pounds of commercial fertil- 
izer that it is difficult to find a more profitable type of 
farming when he can secure ten cents or more per pound 
for the staple. Five hundred pounds of lint cotton at 
ten cents a pound brings $50.0'0; and the seed is worth 
about $10.00 more. There is plenty of land that can be 
bought at from $25.00 to $40.00 per acre that will do this 
under good management and cultivation for years in suc- 
cession, and even if it costs six cents per pound to make 
the cotton, the profit per acre is still a handsome one 
on a crop that is non-perishable and can be held indefin- 
itely for a better market if it is desirable to do so. 

For many years it was thought that the South could 
not make dairy products economically. The Experiment 
Stations have demonstrated the fallacy of this proposi- 
tion and milk and butter can be made at reasonable 
prices as 1 compared with the cost in other sections. 
Home-grown crops, where crop rotation is practiced and 
the crops selected for . cultivation on a common sense 
basis, will furnish rations eminently well suited for the 
nourishment of the cow at a moderate cost and without 
necessitating the purchase of any considerable quantity 
of concentrates other than cotton seed meal, which is the 
cheapest high-class protein food on the market to-day. 
The physical conditions can thus be changed to meet 
the requirements of every dairyman by the exercise of 
intelligence and skill on the part of the farmer, and 
those other natural deficiencies which high temperature 
seem to fasten on the South can be overcome through the 
aids of science referred to. The way is clear, therefore, 
for the establishment of dairy farming, either on the 
co-operative principle so admirably and successfully fol- 
lowed in the Northwest, or for the development of the 
home dairy in an ever-increasing ratio. 

From the foregoing it would appear that the chief need 
to-day is dairy education of the right type, and it is 
a pleasure to record that substantial progress is being 
made in this direction. The dairy school which revolu- 
tionized conditions in the Northwest has come into be- 
ing in the South. Several years ago the writer had the 
good fortune to be associated with the establishment of 
a dairy school in connection with the University of Ten- 
nessee. This school has done yeoman service for the 
farmers of that State. Though established less than nine 
years ago, this school can point to men who have taken 
courses there and built up profitable herds, and it is 
only a matter of time until the work done by these men 
in their respective communities will leaven the whole 
lump and change the character and method of farming 
completely on a very considerable percentage of our 
farms. The work undertaken in Tennessee has been 
emulated with success in many neighboring States, and 
now practically every Agricultural and Mechanical Col- 
lege is emphasizing the value of dairying as a means of 
reclaiming and building up exhausted soils and of offer- 
ing avenues of profitable employment to young men who 



wish to engage in some form of farming where animals 
will furnish the revenue. 

It is true the dairy school movement in the South has 
not been so widespread, nor have students flocked to 
them as in the Northwest, but it should not be forgotten 
that it took years for this movement to reach any con- 
siderable proportions even in that section, and that it 
has made substantial progress in the South, all familiar 
with the situation heartily agree. What is needed at the 
present time is more support for the dairy schools in the 
several States. Their appropriations ought to be doubled, 
trebled and quadrupled, and there is no money which can 
be expended that will bring back such a large return 
to the people. 

There is enough money needlessly spent in the South 
every year for commercial fertilizers to endow and main- 
tain dairy schools for the next one hundred years. By 
this I do not mean to decry the use of commercial fer- 
tilizers, but, nevertheless, it is a bad policy for farmers 
to expend money for nitrogen and for other forms of 
commercial plant food, when allowing much of that 
which has been provided through natural agencies to be 
lost in one way and another. There is no farm in the 
South on which crop rotations cannot be adopted suc- 
cessfully. This means that live stock must be 'main- 
tained to manufacture the raw materials profitably and 
the natural conditions are especially favorable for dairy- 
ing. Through the medium of the dairy herd the farmer 
can supply his land with more humus in the form of 
farm yard manure and so save a large part of the money 
he spends for nitrogenous fertilizers. This is a truth of 
vital interest and importance as well to every Southern 
farmer. The need to-day is to get it before him in a 
manner which will convince him that he is the loser 
by not becoming a disciple of the cow. 

Greater efforts must be made to develop the dairy 
schools, to spread the knowledge which they are prepared 
to furnish, to stimulate the 'study of those elemental 
truths in the public schools by which the boys and girls 
may learn something of the possibilities of dairying as a 
business, to bring home to the young farmer and the 
old farmer alike the opportunities which lie before them 
if they will but get outside the beaten path. Happily, 
there is a change in public sentiment! There never was 
a time when there has been so much interest in all 
phases of agricultural education. In the last few years 
the Southern Agricultural and Mechanical Colleges have 
been more liberally dealt with by their legislatures than 
ever before. In Georgia, eleven District Agricultural 
Schools have been established, and they will make a 
most earnest effort to spread the dairy gospel. At the 
Georgia State College of Agriculture an exceptionally fine 
building and equipment have been provided for dairy 
school work and for research investigations into the 
many problems of this great industry as well. To change the 
sentiment and the methods of culture which have found 
favor for hundreds of years and more seems like a 
superhuman task; but it will be accomplished. The j 
seeds of conquest are already ripening, and within the 
next few years marked changes are bound to follow. As 
soon as the Agricultural and Mechanical Colleges can I 
educate and send forth a sufficient number 'of their I 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



599 



alumni to form the nucleus around which to mold public 
opinion, much greater progress will be made. Happily, 
this day is not so far distant. Moreover, economic con- 
ditions favor the development of the dairy business as 
never before. The demand for dairy products at a re- 
munerative price is growing apace. White labor is be- 
ing employed more largely in our dairies. Even the mas- 
ter of the plantation has come to look with favor upon 
the dignity of labor, and, with an educated leadership of 
sufficient potentiality to inspire the people, the future 
magnitude of the South's dairy enterprises will be 
assured. ANDREW M. SOUL*E. 

Georgia State College of Agriculture. 



CONTROL OF HOG CHOLERA BY SERUM 
IMMUNIZATION. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Under the great commercial activities of the present day, 
the active movements of animals by canal, steamboat and 
rail, and the massing together in our markets of hoga 
drawn from widely different sources, hog cholera has made 
extraordinary extension in America; the annual loss from 
this disease in the United States has been conservatively 
estimated at from $10,00(y,000 to $25,000,000. 

Recent researches have demonstrated beyond doubt that 
the specific organism to which this disease is due is aa 
yet undiscoverable ; for this advance we are indebted to 
the researches of the Biochemic Division of the Bureau 
of Animal Industry at Washington, and although undiscov- 
erable by our present knowledge of bacterial life, it ful- 
fils all the characteristics and requirements of a communi- 
cable disease from the fact that the disease is communi- 
cated from animal to animal by natural exposure; that 
the blood and discharges from an animal suffering from 
the disease are capable of producing the disease upon 
healthy animals under inoculation and that attack and 
recovery confer immunity. 

Symptoms. 

The symptoms of hog cholera are by no means constant. 
The best informed writers on the subject agree that the 
disease cannot, with certain exceptions, be positively diag- 
nosed from the symptoms; animals suffering from various 
intestinal troubles frequently exhibit symptoms which 
closely resemble those of cholera. There are two forms — 
the acute and chronic. In the former, animals usually die 
very suddenly, sometimes almost before any pronounced 
symptoms are apparent to the casual observer, at most 
after an illness of a few days; while in the chronic form 
the disease may run for weeks, recovery depending upon 
the extent, importance and location of the lesions pro- 
duced. Sick animals are dumpish and prefer to huddle 
away in secluded corners; the appetite is variable, some 
may eat up to almost the moment of death; the bowels 
are usually costive, but not infrequently profuse diarrhoea 
sets in a short time before death, the color of which 
depends largely upon the diet; usually there is consider- 
able reddening of the skin around the snout, ears and 
under sides of the body; the eyes sometimes are gummed 
up by reason of discharges, at other times remain clear. 
The symptoms vary to such an extent that not infrequently 
it is necessary to make a careful post-mortem to determine 
the exact nature of the disease. 



Post-Mortem Appearances. 

The characteristic morbid changes are best observed soon 
after death. The spleen will be found enlarged, soft and 
darkened; minute hemorrhagic specks may be seen on the 
surface of the kidney after its capsule has been removed; 
the lymphatic glands and serous membranes are usually 
most seriously involved, the former being enlarged and 
engorged with blood, while the latter exhibit extensive 
hemorrhagic areas; the cancellated structure of bones are 
darker than normal, and in the chronic cases extensive ul- 
cerations are to be found in the mucous membranes of the 
bowels, usually at the ileocacal region. 

The diseases with which hog cholera are most likely 
to be confused are those arising from dietetic errors, feed, 
ing unsound grains, or food having undergone fermenta- 
tive changes, kitchen slops containing alkaline soaps and 
powders, drinking putrid water, etc. 
Treatment. 

Medicines play no successful part in the cure of hog 
cholera, our only hope therefore being in prevention. Ani- 
mals should be kept under the best hygienic conditions 
and only sound food provided. In large herds it is always 
safer to have the animals separated in small lots at some 
distance apart. Clean spring or well water In abundance 
is as much a necessity to the welfare of hogs as other 
animals. 

Prevention by Serum Vaccination. 

During the summer of 1908 the writer had the pleasure 
of visiting the United States Government Experiment Sta- 
tion at Ames, Iowa, together with representatives from vari- 
ous other States for the purpose of witnessing In detail 
the work there being conducted by Drs. Dorset and Niles, 
to whom credit is due for the development and perfecting 
of a serum of sufficient potency for the protection of sus* 
ceptible animals against the disease. A general statement 
of the theory and plan upon which this vaccine Is pro- 
duced may be briefly given. Certain hogs are immune to 
hog cholera infection either because they have passed 
through an outbreak and recovered, or else by natural im- 
munity. It has been demonstrated that when such immune 
hogs are Inoculated with a large quantity of virulent blood 
they not only remain well, but their blood serum develops 
the certain peculiar properties, that when injected Into 
susceptible hogs the latter likewise become immune. 

The immune hog which produces immunizing serum may 
be given the preparation treatment in one of several dif. 
ferent ways, and when ready to furnish serum is known 
as a hyper-immune. Two methods of immunizing suscepti- 
bles are possible: First, by serum only and immediately 
exposing the animals to natural infection; second, serum 
simultaneous method; 1. e., by injecting a susceptible with 
a known quantity of potent tested serum and at the same 
time Injecting a quantity of virulent blood sufficiently 
large to produce the disease if given in the absence of 
serum, the latter method being more certain as permanent 
immunity is acquired, where with serum only the animal 
may escape natural infection and thereby be rendered only 
temporarily Immuned. 

The work of serum production was taken up by the 
writer upon a sufficiently large scale only to demonstrate 
our ability to produce a potent and safe serum, further 
funds have not been available for this purpose. On account 



GOO 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



[June, 



of the great prevalence of the disease in the State dur- 
ing the past few months, the demands for our product has 
far exceeded our supplies, in fact, the only tests of its po- 
tency were necessarily made in the field in combating out- 
breaks; fortunately, however, the product measured well 
up to our most sanguine hopes. 

In all we had an opportunity of testing our product in 
five different outbreaks, representing some 175 animals 
treated, and in no case did cholera appear among those 
injected where the disease was not well advanced in the 
incubative stage,, although the inoculated animals were 
allowed to occupy pens in which cholera existed, or were 
in close proximity to the disease. 

The question of cost of serum necessarily presents itself 
prominently to the interested reader, and, from our obser- 
vations, based upon our limited experience, we believe that 
adult animals may be immunized at from sixty cents to 
one dollar per head, depending upon their weight, and 
that young animals up to two months of age may be per- 
manently immunized by the serum simultaneous method 
at from fifteen to twenty cents per head. 

While it is not claimed for serum that it possesses 
curative properties when the disease has asserted itself, 
our observations lead us to believe that although an ani- 
mal may have passed possibly one-third of the usual in 
cubative period, the disease may be so modified and 
the attack so slight as to render an early and complete 
recovery possible. With such possibilities, it does seem 
as if Virginia should get in line with sufficient funds in 
the near future to enable us to cope with the situation 
and meet the ever-pressing requests for aid which are 
reaching us weekly, yes, frequently daily, and wage a 
war against this deadly disease on the same sound foot- 
ing we are now able to combat blackleg in cattle, which, 
without vaccine, would unquestionably depopulate our rich 
bluegrass mountain pastures. 

Certain defects remain to be remedied in this iproduct. 
Under the present methods of serum development the dose 
is necessarily bulky, and the cost somewhat heavy. It 
is earnestly hoped, however, that methods may be per- 
fected by which the potency of the serum may be intensi- 
fied in order that the dose may be lessened and the cost 
reduced. JOHN SPENCER, Veterinarian. 

Virginia Polytechnic Institute, 

Blacksburg, Virginia. 



THE CORN PRIZES. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

In a friendly spirit and recognizing the public spirit 
and patriotism of the Times-Dispatch in organizing a 
corn contest, I wish to criticize some features of it and 
offer a few suggestions. 

The present plan offers large cash prizes for a few 
ears of corn, which can be grown on the farm, in th*j 
garden, or in a back city lot. There are no lessons of 
seed selection for greatest growth of grain or fodder, of 
preparation of the soil, of cultivation or of any other im- 
portant factor in growing fields of corn in Virginia. These 
are great questions in the future development of our 
State, and on all of them we receive knowledge. This 
plan also rules out the varieties Virginia originated — 
Cocke's Prolific — and its seedlings, Albemarle Prolific, 



Eureka, and others — which seem to be the greatest of 
all varieties in the production of grain and fodder. 

It sems to me that this contest should be organized for 
a series of years in which we could profit by the lessons 
to be drawn from the experiments which would be made 
and that at least a part of the contest should be by the 
acre or half acre. If the amount offered were divided so 
that a part of it could be applied to acre contests, two 
good results would follow — we would teach the farmers of 
Virginia how much corn could be grown on their lands 
and what great possibilities are in their lands; and, sec- 
ond, we would show the outside world what Virginia can 
do as a corn growing State. 

Do you know, Mr. Editor, there are thousands of farm- 
ers in Virginia who do not believe that an acre will grow 
as much as 150 tons of shelled grain? A dozen or even 
less of such crops in different sections of the State would 
be an object lesson worth a great deal. Then, many of 
our friends in the North and West think of Virginia as 
a worn out, abandoned field for agriculture. Such crops 
in the different sections of the State would demonstrate to 
them that there is no greater corn growing section in the 
United States, where as much corn to the acre can be 
grown as on the best Western land and of far superior 
quality. SAML. B. WOODS. 

Albemarle Co., Va. 

We are entirely in sympathy with the views of Mr. 
Woods as to the manner in which it is proposed to award 
the corn prizes. We think the contest will fall far short 
of what it ought to accomplish if limited solely to the 
awarding of the prize money simply for ears of corn. 
We were anxious to demonstrate to the world the capacity 
of Virginia to produce the greatest yield of corn per acre 
as well as the finest quality of corn, and we fail to see 
why this could not have been provided for. It is true 
that the prizes for such a competition could not have been 
awarded at the time of the Fair because of the fact that 
the crops would not then have been sufficiently matured 
and cured to ascertain the results, but this need not 
have prevented an exhibit and award of prizes for the 
best ears at that time and the award of the acreage and 
yield prizes could have been made and announced later. 
We hope yet that some of the contestants will not only 
strive for the ear prizes, but -will also demonstrate what 
they can produce per acre, and if the fund grows as large 
as we hope to see it do, then arrangements should be 
made for award of part of the money for these crops. — Ed. 



STARTING AN ENDLESS CHAIN. 

Eoth father and mother struggled valiantly to teach 
little Effie to repeat the letter "A." The child emphatically 
refused to pronounce the first letter of the alphabet, and 
after many vain efforts the father retired from the fight 
discouraged. The mother took the little girl on her lap 
and pleaded with her affectionately. 

"Dearie, why won't you learn to say 'A'?" she asked. 

"Because, mamma," explained Effie, "des as soon as I 
say 'A' you an' papa will want me to say 'B.' " 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



601 



The Poultry Yard 



POULTRY NOTES. 

This is the beginning of the trying period for the hen- 
man. Hot, dry weather means plenty of lice and mites. 
This means trouble. Watch for the mites in every crack 
and crevice. Spray with lime and crude carbolic acid or 
kerosene oil and crude acid, two parts oil to one part 
acid. Clean the nests often and dust them with Persian 
insect powder. Have a dry place where the hens may 
dust themselves in dry, loamy earth. Put a few handfuls 
of lice powder inio these places occasionally. Take all 
the males from the roosts once a week and dust them 
thoroughly all over. They are too lazy or too dignified to 
dust themselves and thus become a breeding place for 
the grey body lice. Watch the hens and keep them off 
the nests at night. If they get broody do not let them 
stay on the nest over night. If they sit forty-eight hours 
they will become very broody and will not lay for twenty 
days. If you take them in the start and confine them 
and feed them oats and wheat they will lay in a few days. 
I am still getting a yield equal to. 90 per cent. Feed 
very little corn or any heating feed. Provide fresh water 
at least four times per day. See that the laying stock 
has ample shade. Keep the young stock in small flocks 
at night. Keep the different sizes separate. Keep them 
growing. Sell the cockerels as soon as they weigh eigh- 
teen pounds to the dozen. I sold a large lot of prize 
winners May 19th at 25 cents per pound. This makes 
the quick dollar. It does not pay to keep them until 
next winter and advertise them and sell them for breed- 
ing purposes. With all kinds of feed very high in price 
and much of it inferior quality one must turn the money 
often. Two pound fryers in eight weeks at 50 cents each 
is not equal to Standard Oil stock, but it leaves you with 
a clear conscience and a good appetite. 

Brooder chicks must be watched closely. Keep them 
warm at night and cool and busy in the day time. If you 
allow them to get cool at night they will pile up and 
trample each other to death. Keep heat in the brooders 
and give ventilation. In this way they can adjust them- 
selves to the temperature that suits them. You cannot 
make them too hot if they have a cool section of the 
brooder to go into. Do not feed them sour or musty food. 
For little chicks the first week scald the mash or use 
hot sweet milk to make a dry, crumbly mash for the morn- 
ing feed. Any of the small breeds hatched this month 
will begin to lay in November if fed right. 

If your chicks stand and sleep and droop their wings, 
they have indigestion. Give them fine grit, charcoal, boiled 
milk, and keep them warm. Those that will not eat 
are too far gone and will die, but you can save all that 
will eat. If you can get a small amount of iean beef 
for them it will help them wonderfully. 

We are filling our incubators to-day (May 20th) for the 
last hatch. These chicks will be our best winter layers. 
They will come out of the shells June 10th, and will get 
good feed and care and will begin to lay by November 
15th. We are putting eight hundred eggs into this hatch 
and hope to get a good "swarm." These June hatches al- 
ways turn out a large per cent, of pullets. Our first hatch 
was a good one, but fully 70 per cent, were cockerels. 



All of them but ten have gone to the frying pan. The 
pullets from this early hatch weigh over two pounds now 
and I hope to have a few eggs from them by July 4th. 
I suppose they will moult late and will not be very profit- 
able winter layers. 

The madam is showing a very commendable and really 
astonishing spirit in her race to overtake me. She has 
three pens of Barred Rocks, great big, lazy lubbers. The 
roosters are too lazy to crow. Somehow, or in some 
way, Mrs. Husselman manages to get these hens to lay a 
good number of eggs and as fast as she gets them she 
puts them under hens and incubators and then gives all 
the chicks to hens. It is really amusing to see one of 
these big lazy old Rock hens try to spread herself over 
forty of these children and stepchildren, but the look of 
contentment and happiness of these hens is equalled 
only by the triumphant look of the Madam. She has 
about one hundred and fifty of these ringed, streaked 
and spreckled bipeds in the yard and no telling how many 
eggs tucked away in odd corners and boxes that are lia- 
ble to burst into Barred Rocks at a moment's notice. 
What worries me is the fact that my good legnorn feed 
disappears into the fathomless maws of those Rocks daily, 
yes, hourly, and I have no redress. If this is not a case 
of genuine henpecking, then I do not know what to call it. 
Sadly yours, 

CAL HUSSLEMAN. 



WHOLESALE HATCHING WITH HENS. 
Editor Southern Planter: 

Your May issue contained notes by Mr. A. F. Hodes, 
on "Hens vs. Incubators," which, while written in a jocu 
lar vein, is yet characteristic of the unfair way in which 
comparisons are often drawn. 

Our friend speaks of the exasperating experiences with 
setting hens, of their proneness to get upon the wrong 
nest, to fight, break eggs, desert, trample chicks, etc., and 
thinks we may improve upon nature in chicken hatching. 

Now, his whole article proves that he has violated the 
laws of nature in the way he set his hens. Nature pro- 
vides the sitter an opportunity for undisturbed silence 
and peace. In nature the hen's ancestor saw only her 
own nest during the broody period; furthermore, the nest 
was so made that the eggs could not roll from under 
the hen. A nest in which this is possible has been built 
without regard to the first principles of poultry archi- 
tecture. 

Now, how many eggs will the best machine hatch if it 
is placed in the general hen room, where the cock-of-the 
walk may perch upon the thermostat while he wakens 
the sluggard, and the hens may clog the ventilators 
with dust and filth! Absurd, of course! The machine 
must have a suitable place. You cannot ask it to go 
out in the hen house and hatch eggs, yet you ask this 
of the hen, and blame her if she can't count a row of 
twenty nests so as to know No. 6 from No. 8, yet who 
ever sent her to school, and in nature she had no need 
for arithmetic, for the nests were not ranged in rows, 
but isolated and apart. 



C02 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June,. 



To-night, May 21st, I have twenty-five sitting hens and 
will start seven more to-morrow. I have had an average 
of twenty busy for the past month and not a single case 
of two-hens-on-a-nest, or a fight. I aim to set from three 
to ten hens at once and test out the infertile eggs as 
from a machine, then double up those which remain so 
that all hens are full, and fill up any remaining space 
with eggs of same date as the next later sitting. Each 
hen has her own nest and yard. The nests are made 
three in-a-box, the box is four feet long by sixteen or 
eighteen inches wide, cover sloping to back, cut into 
three so any hen can be looked after separately. In 
front is a yard of common plastering lath four feet square 
with lath run through to divide it into three runs of 
sixteen inches by four feet. This yard fits up in front 
of the sitting coop, and hens go out to eat and drink at 
pleasure, but cannot get more than four feet from home. 
The sitting coops are out of doors, but in the shade. A 
little girl of seven years takes the daily care of these 
twenty-five hens. Thus far my poorest hatch has been 
fifty-five chicks from eighty-eight eggs, and my best fifty- 
four chicks from sixty-four eggs. The chicks here count- 
ed are only those which actually went into the coops 
with the hens. All which were trampled or defective in 
any way are counted out with the spoiled eggs. One 
hen hatched every egg and others every fertile egg. 

We lose very few by trampling, for when a bunch of 
hens begin hatching we make the rounds twice daily 
and gather up the chicks, and if a hen is restless we dis- 
tribute her pipped eggs to the other hens as fast as they 
have room for them. I keep little chicks (while wait- 
ing for hatch to be completed) in a deep pail or box 
half filled with chaff with a hot brick or soapstone buried 
well under the surface. Spread a cloth over pail, if air 
is chilly. I coop the hens with about twenty chicks 
each, and reset the heaviest hens, as these have more 
flesh to furnish heat through three more weeks of fever. 
Progress of the Flock. 

In continuing the development of our flock of Barred 
Plymouth Rocks to the limit of profit, we have reached 
the point where the preparation and shipment of the pro- 
ducts is something of a tax on my time. In the spring 
of 1908 I had forty females of our old large strain. On 
January 1, 1909, we had, I believe, four hundred and 
twenty-eight old and young, many of them too young for 
that season, and our incomplete housing arrangements. 
To-day we have about one hundred and fifty females in 
five separate free range flocks, and the gross sales since 
January 1, 1909, have been just about $500. This means 
that a good many birds have been boxed for shipment, 
and the eggs made even more work, as we have sold 
for hatching 3,885 eggs this season. This means a good 
many pails and crates to pack and carry to the express 
office, and this work I do myself. The older girls are 
taking lessons, however, and will be able to relieve me 
next season, so I may enlarge a little more. The eggs 
for hatching business has been just about three times as 
big this year asi last. I believe now I will try selling 
"weaned chicks" in competition with the "baby chicks" 
of the incubator men. With a sitting hen capacity of 
about six hundred eggs, we ought to be able to turn out 
over one hundred chicks per week. 

Vienna, Va. W. A. SHERMAN. 



THE VIRGINIA STATE FARMERS' INSTITUTE. 

The Directors of the Virginia State Farmers' Institute 
met at the office of the Secretary in Richmond, Va., on 
May 18th, and selected Charlottesville, Va., as the place, 
and August 10th, 11th, and 12th as the days for hold- 
ing the next session of the Institute. A program com- 
mittee was appointed, and has already set to work to 
arrange a most elaborate and instructive program. Speak- 
ers of national reputation as well as practical farmers 
and specialists, in their respective lines, will have some- 
thing to say that no farmer in Virginia ought to fail to 
hear. 

The Charlottesville Chamber of Commerce will enter- 
tain the Institute with an outing to Monticello. This 
beautiful and historic place will be well worth the time 
spent in making the trip. 

Dr. Alderman, of the University of Virginia, has kindly 
thrown open the grounds and such buildings as are needed 
to the Institute, and this will afford a most excellent 
opportunity for the farmers of the State to inspect this 
great head of the Virginia Free School System. 

Another feature which will interest a number of mem- 
bers, will be a sale* of pure-bred Berkshire hogs on the 
day after adjournment, of the Institute, by the Virginia 
Berkshire Association. This Association will hold its an- 
nual meeting at this time also, and all those interested 
in this particular breed will be welcome, and will doubt- 
less hear a great deal to interest them. 

The only qualifications necessary to become a member 
of the Institute are, that you be a farmer or interested 
directly or indirectly by lease or ownership of farming 
lands, and as the fee is only $1.00 per year, every farmer 
in the State should become a member. Simply address 
the Secretary, B. Morgan Shepherd, Drawer 840, Rich- 
mond, Va. He can be found at his office, at 28 North 
Ninth Street, B.ichmond, pretty nearly all the time. 



THE BACON HOG. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

One could naturally infer from Prof. Massey's para- 
graph on "Hogs" (p. 469, your May issue) that all domes- 
tic pigs might be divided into two classes, viz: the scrub 
or razor-back, and the "lard" hog. I desire to protest 
against this classification. There is clearly another type. 
One which is neither a short legged, short nosed, heavy 
jowled, duck-walking, ninety-per-cent-fat lard hog or a 
four-years-to-weigh-a-hundred-pounds scrub. 

The Tamworths have been noted for years for the high 
quality of their meat and the relatively large proportion 
of lean to fat in the carcass, while" in most of the breed 
tests which I have seen reported they have shown them- 
selves to be equal, and in cases superior, to the other 
breeds as economic meat producers. In a test by the On- 
tario Agri. College (see Henry's "Feeds and Feeding," p. 
545) the Tamworths consumed less feed per pound of gain 
than the Berkshires, Poland-Chinas, Yorkshires, Chester 
Whites or Duroc-Jerseys. 

In the writer's opinion, the breed, directly, will have less 

effect on the quality of the meat than the feed and the 

conditions under which it is fed; but the breed decidedly 

affects the conditions under which it can be fed and hence, 

(Continued on page 612.) 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



603 



The Horse. 



COTTON SEED MEAL FOR HORSES. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

In your last issue I note the statement from Mr. Smith, 
of Georgia, that "overfeeding will weaken the eyes," and 
that in feeding to horses and mules he suggests "that great 
care be used." Your editorial comment is in accord with 
my experience and observation, and I have not been able 
to learn from any one of unsatisfactory experience. Per- 
sonally, I regret exceedingly that a single line should have 
been written by any one that would discourage the feed- 
ing of cotton seed meal to farm teams or any horses, in 
fact, for the introduction of just such a rich protein feed 
is needed in making up the rations for our horses. Mr 
Smith's brief letter has been read by hundreds, doubtless, 
who will abandon cotton seed meal, or be very cautious 
and possibly imagine it is affecting the eyes of their horses. 
I have had letters from three Virginia farmers who had 
commenced feeding cotton seed meal and are now exer- 
cised on the subject. 

One letter from one of the .V. P. I. Farmers' Winter 
Course men is as follows: 

"I noticed in the Southern Planter that some one 
mentioned that if those who feed cotton-seed meal are 
not careful, it will affect the eyes of horses and mules, 
and weaken them. What do you think of it? 

"I have begun to feed my horses on cotton-seed meal, 
and have been feeding it for two weeks. I started by 
just sprinkling a very little over their grain, and now I 
am giving a good handful at a feed. Am I feeding it 
right? I have my corn ground to fine hominy, and then 
I put two-thirds hominy and one-third oats in a large 
box, and put in the cotton-seed meal and a little Inter- 
national stock food and mix well. Do you think that a 
good feed for farm and transfer horses? 

"Should I grind my corn coarse or fine? Is it best 
to change feeds of hay or not? At the present, I am 
giving timothy and clover hay at morning, and corn fod- 
der at noon, and crimson clover at night feed. 

"I have a large amount of clover hay. Could you give 
me any idea as to how to feed it? What would you call 
a feed of cotton-seed meal? 

"J. A. SHARP. 

This letter covers other matters of interest in feeding 
horses, and I will answer briefly his questions through 
your columns, that others may be benefited. In the first 
place, I am convinced from experience, begun years ago, 
that cotton-seed meal will not injure the eyes. Mr. Smith 
fed a handful at night. You can safely feed two pounds 
a day, and I have fed three pounds with no bad effect, 
feeding a pound at a feed three times daily, but to work 
horses two pounds a day is better. This is the amount 
recommended by Judge Henry C. Hammond, of Augusta, 
Ga., the greatest authority on the subject of feeding cot- 
ton-seed meal to horses, with whom I have had extended 
correspondence on the subject. A most comprehensive 
illustrated pamphlet (Bui. No. 10) on the subject was pub- 
lished a few years ago from Judge Hammond by the Bu- 
reau of Publicity, Columbia, S. C. 



Much question is often raised regarding any new feed, 
and all sorts of imaginary evils are suggested. The ques- 
tion of abortion in mares from the use of cotton-seed meal 
was one. Judge Hammond says, "I do not think there is 
the remotest danger from abortion from cotton-seed meal 
fed to brood mares in reasonable quantities — not exceed- 
ing two pounds a day." One of the illustrations in the 
bulletin mentioned is a picture of a mare and colt, three 
hours old in connection with which is the remark: "Mare 
had been fed on cotton-seed meal during gestation period. 
Notice there was no weakness in foal." Cotton-seed meal 
is a great dairy feed, why should we expect any more 
deleterious effects with mares than cows. You can safely 
and advantageously feed it. Commence in small amounts, 
and increase gradually to the desired amount, taking into 
consideration the size of the animal, and keep the amount 
fed down to at least one-fifth of the grain fed, unless to 
a mare with foal, when a greater proportion will be an 
advantage to the colt through the milk. 

Corn may be ground fine or coarse, but finely crushed 
cob and corn is now found to be the best, with which 
bran or oats and cotton-seed meal mixes well. I should 
not recommend Stock food nor any condimental food. They 
are medicines which your stock may not need. If there 
is anything wrong, it is always best to consult a veter- 
inarian, and be able to get and administer what your ani- 
mals need without any guess work. 

A change in roughage is always appreciated by horses, 
and keeps them with better appetites. They enjoy var- 
iety as much as we do. A farmer must feed his hay ac- 
cording to his horses' demands — some more; some less. 
It is hardly practical for him to weigh each feed. Clover 
hay is not only good, but a desirable feed for work horses, 
mixed hay is better. If dusty it should be sprinkled. In 
summer especially I like it used in chop, as you would 
use sheaf oats. The Cotton-Seed Oil Co., Charlotte, N. C, 
have a booklet on cotton-seed meal for horses and mules 
for distribution free. I will be pleased to discuss other 
phases of the subject later. Do not feed cotton seed meal 
to hogs until you know how. 

W. J. QUICK, 
Professor of Animal Husbandry. 

Experiment Station, Blacksburg, Va. 



Our usual "Notes" by W. J. Carter reached us so late 
that we were unable to bring them into this Department. 
They will be found in the advertising section. 



August Belmont, as a Director of the American Jockey 
Club, issued a statement last week that gave great en- 
couragement to the followers of Eastern race tracks. He 
declared that the laws against race track betting would 
be enforced, but expressed the opinion that the sport was 
on a substantial footing and that he was sure that the 
courses would be liberally patronized under the new con- 
ditions. 



604 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER 



[June, 



Miscellaneous. 



THE COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE FOR 
VIRGINIA. 

A contest for the Democratic nomination of a candi- 
date to fill the position of Commissioner of Agriculture 
for this State is now a settled fact. The first information 
we had of this was the following article, which we copy 
from the Lynchburg News, of the 2d of May: 

Hon. John Thompson Brown, of Bedford county, an 
nounces that he will be a candidate for the Democratic 
nomination for Commissioner of Agriculture, at the com- 
ing primary. The incumbent of the office at present is 
Hon. George W. Koiner. 

Mr. Brown was born at the residence of his maternal 
grandparents, in Hanover county, February 19, 1861. He 
has always lived at his present home in Bedford county, 
spending the winters from 1868 to 1877 in Petersburg. He 
was educated at McCabe's School, Petersburg, and at the 
University of Virginia. 

As a Farmer. 

Immediately after leaving college, Mr. Brown began farm- 
ing at home, and has always taken special interest in 
every movement for the advancement of the agricultural 
interests of the State. 

He was interested in, and a member of the Executive 
Committee of the Farmers' Assembly, a voluntary gather- 
ing of Virginia farmers for discussions helpful to their 
avocation, which ante-dated the Farmers' Alliance in Vir- 
ginia, of which latter organization Mr. Brown was one 
of the most conservative members. 

He was a life member of the old State Agricultural So- 
ciety, and a member of its Executive Committee, and he 
was on three occasions commissioned by the Governor of 
Virginia a delegate to the Farmers' National Congress. 
At the V. P. I. 

It was the Farmers' Assembly that first voiced the de- 
mand that the State Agricultural College should be made 
a real force for the upbuilding of the interests of agri- 
culture. 

In 1890 Mr. Brown was made a member of the Board of 
Visitors of this institution, the enrollment of students 
then numbering about 125. He served till 1896, and was 
reappointed in 1898, becoming the Rector of the Board that 
year to succeed Captain C. E. Vawter, resigned. 

During his service as Visitor and Rector, the college 
made the rapid strides that have placed it in the fore- 
front of Virginia's institutions of learning. Mr. Brown 
seiwed as Rector till July, 1908, when his term expired, 
and, during the absence of Dr. McBryde for his health 
in 1905-1906 he was by election of the Board of Visitors 
charged with the duties of the president, and offered a 
salary of $2,000, but declined to accept any remuneration, 
as being inconsistent with his position as member of the 
Board of Visitors and Rector, but consented to, and did, 
exercise a close supervision over the affairs of the college, 
with the efficient assistance of the Deans of the institu- 
tion, during the enforced absence of the President. When 
Dr. McBryde retired permanently Mr. Brown was promi- 
nently mentioned as his successor. 

During his terms of service on this Board (V. P. I.), Mr. 



Br«wn was instrumental in securing the creation by thft 
Legislature of the Board of Crop Pest Commissioners of 
which he was a member from its organization, and for 
len years its chairman. The work of this Board is well 
Known, in its efforts to eradicate from the State the Saa 
Jose scale and other insects injurious to the fruit and 
other crops of the State. 

A Signal Service. 

Ten years ago the Federal Government proposed, and 
actually did issue an order, placing the whote State of 
Virginia in quarantine on account of the presence of the 
Texas fever tick in the Southern portion of the State. 
The effect of this order would have been very seriously 
detrimental to the great cattle interests of the Southwest 
and Northern Virginia — sections of the country, as fine 
as any in the world for the purposes of cattle breeding, 
us shown by the fact that it represents a large portion 
of the territory of the United States able to prepare cat- 
tle for export from grass alone. 

When this order was promulgated, Dr. McBryde, then 
President, and Mr. Brown, then Rector, of the Board of 
Visitors of V. P. I., went immediately to Washington and 
laid the situation before the Secretary of Agriculture, 
who agreed to withhold his proclamation to give an oppor- 
tunity for the Legislature of Virginia to act, as without 
such action no line could be run through the State. 

The result of this prompt action was the creation by 
the Legislature of the Board of Cattle Quarantine Com- 
missioners — since designated the State Live Stock Sani- 
tary Board — of which Mr. Brown was made Chairman, 
serving for the next ten years — to July, 1908. 

During this time the quarantine line has been forced 
South from James River till now only a very few of 
the most southerly counties are in quarantine, and they 
are rapidly being cleared of infection. 

Mr. Brown was active, too, in the establishment of the 
Virginia Truck Experiment Station, near Norfolk, under 
joint control of representatives of the local trucking in- 
terests, the Board of Agriculture, and the Virginia Poly- 
technic Institute, and with the co-operation of the United 
States Department of Agriculture, and he served as a 
member of th£ first Governing Board that put the Sta- 
tion into operation. 

Mr. Brown was a member of the General Assemly of 
1891-2, and presidential elector for the Sixth Congression- 
al District in the campaign of 1892. 

In the Constitutional Convention. 

In 1901 he was the colleague of Mr. Goode to repre 
sent the county of Bedford in the Constitutional Conven- 
tion. In the convention he was a member of the Com- 
mittees on Taxation and Finance, Education, and Journal 
and Enrolment of the Ordinances and Resolutions of the 
Convention. 

His work on the Committee of Education and in advo- 
cacy of its report on the floor of the Convention was 
directed to perfecting the educational institutions of the 
State and to removing the control of these forces as far 
as possible from political considerations. 

While not a member of the Committee of Agriculture. 



3909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



605 



he was a foremost advocate on the floor of the report 
of that Committee, especially in its efforts to promote 
the healthy union of forces for the benefit of agriculture, 
holding that "it means the separate and independent es- 
tablishment, but the permanent union in interest, of the 
various agencies working for the advancement of the 
agricultural interests along progressive lines." 

Mr. Brown's record as a disinterested and forceful ad- 
vocate of such separate establishment, but permanent, 
union in interest, of every agency working for the ad- 
vancement of agricultural interests of the State has con- 
tributed largely to lead to his being urged to allow the 
use of his name as a candidate for this position in whic.i 
the opportunity is great to develop unity of purpose and 
action of all the separate forces at work for the uplift 
of Agriculture in Virginia. 

His Work for Good Roads. 

There is no question of more importance to the in- 
terest of agriculture than that of good roads, and it is 
a fact that none of the work now being undertaken with 
so much vigor by the State in the interest of improve 
ment and permanent construction could have been done 
without the forethought and persistence of Mr. Brown 
as a member of the Convention in opening the way for 
future road ■ legislation. His first service was to induce 
the Convention, on his motion, to except the words "work- 
ing roads and highways" from the provision, in the re 
port of the Legislative Committee, requiring and allow- 
ing only general laws on certain subjects. Extensive de- 
bate was had resulting in final passage of his amend- 
ment, the effect of which was to leave the Legislature 
free in matters pertaining to roads to enact local as well 
as general legislation, thus enabling it to pass laws suit- 
ed to the diversified topography of the State. 

His signal and unique service, however, to the cause 
of good roads was performed when he secured the inser- 
tion of the words "except public roads" in the clause of 
the Constitution which prohibits the State from becoming 
a party to, or engaged in, any work of internal improve- 
ment. Mr. Brown advocated this amendment in the 
Committee on Taxation and Finance, of which he was a 
member, and before which this clause was up for con- 
sideration. He was defeated here. 

In the Committee of the Whole he renewed the fight 
and was opposed by some of the leading men in the Con 
vention, and his amendment was again defeated. 

As a last chance he renewed the fight in the Convention, 
with his amendment as follows: "After the word 'im- 
provement' insert the words 'except public roads,' so as 
to read 'nor shall the State become a party to, or become 
interested in, any work of internal improvement, except 
vublic roads.' " 

This resulted in the passage of the amendment by a 
substantial majority and made possible the work now 
being undertaken by the State in the interests of "goods 
roads." It is a singular fact that in a matter of this 
importance, though debated twice by some of the most 
prominent and able members of the Convention in oppo- 
sition, that Mr. Brown alone had a word to say in sup- 
port of this most important provision, and without his 
action what the State is now doing would not be possi- 
ble. 



Object of the Amendment. 

riis words in closing the debate on this amendment 
proposed by him seem prophetic in the light of what has 
since been accomplished. He said: 

"The purpose of this amendment is to clear up the 
meaning of the words 'internal improvement' so that 
mere shall be no doubt on the subject. Its adoption w'll 
leave the Legislature free to make such appropriations 
from the public revenues as it may deem wise. It may 
create and maintain a bureau of public roads, with a capa- 
ble head, and enable the State to adopt a systematic plan 
of instruction and aiding the several counties of th\} 
State in the best methods of road construction. 

"I do not advocate building or maintaining roads at 
State expense, as I think it should be done by local tax- 
ation, but I do not want any provision incorporated in 
the Constitution that will prevent the State from making 
such advances in the improvement of the roads of the 
Commonwealth, and from taking such part in said im- 
provement as experience may show to be desirable. I 
think the General Assembly should not have its hands 
tied. 

"It seems to me, too, that an adverse court might in- 
terpret the wording of the report as it stands to mean 
that the State could not employ convicts of the State 
in work upon the roads of the counties. I hope it will 
be the pleasure of the Convention to adopt the amend- 
ment which I have offered." 




HON. JOHN THOMPSON BRC'WN. 



After reading the foregoing announcement we wrote 
Mr. Brown and asked that he would state the platform 
on which he proposed to make his contest for the posi- 
tion in order that we might place the same before the 






606 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER 



[June, 



farmers of the State who have a vital interest in the 
character of the man and his conception of the duties of 
the office. In response to this request, Mr. Brown has 
sent us the following communication, which we have 
pleasure in placing before our readers, together with a 
likeness of the gentleman seeking their support: 

Brierfield, Bedford Co., Va., May 18, 1909. 
Editor Southern Planter, 

Richmond, Va. 

Dear Sir: — I am in receipt of your inquiry as to the 
policy I shall attempt to inaugurate should I receive the 
nomination and be elected Commissioner of Agriculture, 
and, in reply, wish to point briefly to some of the reasons 
which actuate me in offering for this responsible position. 

As a farmer of nearly thirty years' experience, I have 
an abiding faith in agriculture as the basis of all perman- 
ent prosperity, and a successful development of the 
varied resources of Virginia will surely mark the period 
of her return to that position of advantage which the di- 
versity of her soil and the variety of her products, 
coupled with her nearness to the great markets, justly 
entitles her to occupy, and which she will assuredly 
regain if the energies of her people take proper direc- 
tion. 

It is necessary, however, to the accomplishment of this 
result, as far as agriculture is concerned, that all the 
forces working to that end, while maintaining distinct 
and separate organization,- shall be drawn together into 
the most harmonious relations, so that the effort of every 
line of endeavor working for the uplift of agriculture 
of Virginia shall have its fullest energy expended to- 
ward the accomplishment of the purpose common to them 
all — the restoration of Virginia to that position of agri- 
cultural and material supremacy whence must also follow 
leadership in other lines. 

It is my firm belief in the prime necessity of this one 
feature as essential that I would make the basis of my 
aspiration to this office which I seek at the hands of the 
voters of my party in the coming primary. 

Recognizing, as I do, the great responsibilities involved, 
as well as the opportunities offered, I must rest an appeal 
for support not alone on promises for the future, but 
on any record of intelligent effort and sincerity of pur- 
pose to which I may be entitled. 

Yours very truly, 

JOHN THOMPSON BROWN. 

i 
Now, just a word as to the position of The Planter in 

this contest. The record is The Planter for the twen- 
ty years during which we have had the honor of fill- 
ing the position of Editor, will bear us out when we say 
that we have never used that position or allowed the col- 
umns of The Planter to be used for the advancement of 
the political interests of any one for any office in the 
State Government. We have eschewed all politics, but 
have stood for the agricultural advancement of the State 
and for the uplift of the farmers without regard to the 
source from whence the promise of this came. This 
is our position to-day. The Commissioner of Agriculture 
ought not to be a political officer, nor ought his election 
ever to have been made necessary on a political ticket. 
We strongly urged this before the Committee of the Con- 



stitution Convention, and that Committee adopted our 
views and reported to the Convention that as the execu- 
tive officer of the State Board of Agriculture he ought 
to be elected by the Board. The Convention at first ac- 
cepted and adopted this report, but, unfortunately, the 
politicians got in their fine handiwork and, on reconsid- 
eration of the subject, the office was made elective by 
the people and the curse of politics was thrown around it. 
It is unfortunate that this is so, but it is now unavoid- 
able. We, however, propose not to let this fact influence 
us or change our policy. What we shall endeavor to do- 
is to secure the election of a gentleman who, in the dis- 
charge of the duties of the office, will have regard only 
to the advancement of the agricultural interests of the 
State and the permanent welfare of the farmers. In 
Mr. Brown we think we have such a man. We have 
known him personally for over twenty years and have 
watched his conduct in all the public positions which he 
has filled during that time. He has measured up to the 
requirements of each of these. We commended his ap- 
pointment when first placed on the Board of Visitors of 
the Agricultural College, at which time there were only 
about one hundred students in attendance and the college- 
was at a low ebb. He gave unstintedly of his time to 
the development of the work of that institution without 
fee or reward for sixteen years, and when he left the 
position it was with a college having nearly six hundred 
students, a full Faculty of professors, and a recognized 
standing as one of the most successful of the Southern 
colleges. In that position he always worked for the co- 
ordination and harmonious working together of the dif- 
ferent agricultural institutions of the State, and this to- 
day is the greatest need we have in order to secure the 
agricultural advancement of the State. We are glad to 
see that in his platform he emphasizes this point. When- 
all our agricultural institutions are co-ordinated and work 
ing together harmoniously, nothing can prevent the great- 
est results being achieved. It is notorious that up tc* 
the present time no such co-ordination or harmonious 
working has been possible to be achieved mainly through 
the lukewarm attitude, to say the least, of the present 
Commissioner towards every other instrumentality estab- 
lished for dealing with the different phases of the agri- 
cultural problems of the State. We are content to rest 
Mr. Brown's candidature as he himself mainly does on 
this feature and upon his record in the Constitutional 
Convention, on the Blacksburg Board, and in the Legis- 
lature, as set out in the article from the Lynchburg 
News, and we would ask our readers to give a careful 
reading and consideration to that article before deciding . 
in which way they will cast their votes at the coming 
primary. 






THE VIRGINIAN AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

The Virginian Railway Company, in connection with the 
Virginia Polytechnic Institute, arranged for a series of 
Farmers' Institutes along the line of the new road, run- 
ning through a splendid agricultural portion of Virginia 
which has not heretofore had the advantages of a rail- 
road and hence are much in need of an introduction to 



1909] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



607 



the new ideas in agricultural, horticulture, dairying and 
animal husbandry. 

The Virginian Railway, desirous of increasing their 
freight tonnage with farmers, viewed the running of such 
a train as a most legitimate means to a much desired 
end, the farmers to be the direct beneficiaries of the pro- 
ject. The Railway supplied a train for a weeks' trip. 
This train consisted of two exhibition box cars, one ex- 
hibition stock car, and a private car for the accommoda- 
tion of the speakers. The Agricultural College and the 



ing affairs and live stock, unquestionably added many ad- 
vantages to the occasion in addition to those brought to 
the meeting by the railroad train in form of exhibits 
and up-to-date, practical, scientific speakers. 

As it is likely that all the railroads will at least annu- 
ally repeat these Railway Farmers' Institutes, it is per- 
haps not amiss to give a list of the speakers and sub- 
jects, that the farmers may know what subjects were 
discussed and will likely be considered again and will thus 
be enabled to have some idea of what they missed and 




Scenes along the Virginian Railway — Farmers Flocking to the Institute Train. 



Experiment Station of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute 
very readily agreed to supply speakers for the occasion 
and to instal a creditable exhibit representing the pro- 
ducts, appliances, implements, utensils and even live stock 
from the numerous departments of the V. P. I. represent 
ing scientific agriculture and kindred subjects. A promi- 
nent feature of the exhibits was the animals that repre- 
sented the three dairy breeds and the three beef breeds 
of cattle and two breeds of sheep; these breeds being 
Holstein, Jersey, Guernsey, Shorthorn, Angus and Here 
ford; and of sheep, Dorset and Shropshire. Thousands of 
farmers and their families visited these exhibition cars 
and received instructions from the professors and at- 
tendants from the V. P. I. 

The Institutes along the Virginian Railway were held at 
the following points: Kembridge, Lunenburg county; 
Phenix, Charlotte county; Stewartsville, Bedford county; 
Victoria, Lunenburg county; Brookneal, Campbell county; 
Altavista, Campbell county, in all day sessions. 

This manner of holding Railway Train Institutes is 
very much to be commended as it is evident from the 
Institute just held that a large attendance can be secured 
and that the people along the Virginian were more anx- 
ious for the opportunities extended by these Institutes 
than they have been along other lines of railroads. It 
is asking a great deal of a farmer to abandon his busi- 
ness affairs on his plantation and drive many miles to 
a Train Institute which is to last only an hour or two. 
While for an all day Institute a warehouse or hall is se- 
cured and the local committee feel that it is justified 
in making arrangements for a meeting that is to be of 
sufficient importance to occupy the entire time of a day. 
At these Institutes the farmers made a real gala day 
of the affair and a real old fashioned farmers' picnic was 
held. The general good time meeting with friends and 
acquaintances, discussing the various subjects of farm- 



what is to be gained by hearing experts discuss sub- 
jects of vital interest to them. They were as follows: 

R. J. Davidson, Professor Agricultural Chemistry, V. 
P. I., Blacksburg, Va., "Commercial Fertilizers," "Farm 
Manures." 

Dr. W. J. Quick, Professor Animal Husbandry, V. P. I., 
Blacksburg, Va., "Live Stock Essential to Successful 
Farming," "Diversified Farming." 

Professor W. K. Brainerd, Dairyman, V. P. I., Blacks- 
burg, Va., "Dairying in Virginia," "Improvement of Live 
Stock." 

E. H. Matthewson, Tobacco Expert, U. S. Department 
Agriculture, Washington, D. C, "Tobacco Culture," "To- 
bacco Growing and Rotation of Crops." 

Professor H. L. Price, Horticulturist, V. P. I., Blacks- 
burg, Va., "Fruit Growing," "Growing Fruit and Vege 
tables for Canning." 

Professor Lyman Carrier, V. P. I., Blacksburg, Va., 
"Growing the Corn Crop," "Grasses and Hay." 

As Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations can- 
not be visited by all and the advantages be gained by actu- 
al contact with them, it is certainly advisable to as nearly 
as possible, carry the Agricultural Colleges and Experi- 
ment Stations to the people, certainly so if as in the re- 
cent event the farmers continue to show as great an ap- 
preciation as was expressed in this instance. 

Mr. B. E. Rice, the Industrial Agent of the Virginian 
Railway, is certainly to be commended upon his splen- 
did management of his Farmers' Institute train, and his 
courteous attention to the welfare of the speakers under 
his direction. Mr. Rice's years of practical experience in 
Farmers' Institutes in other States served him well, and 
made him thoroughly at home with his undertaking. The 
constant disposition and expressions of the farmers along 
the route indicated their entire satisfaction at his man- 
agement of the Institute in their respective locations, and 



COS 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



all expressed a desire that now, the ice is broken, and 
that they have learned to appreciate the efforts in their 
behalf, that a similar series of Institutes be held this 
fall, when better accommodations and greater crowds will 
be in attendance. Q. 



STEAM PLOWING AT WILTON. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

Replying to your inquiry relative to the steam plowing 
outfit which I have installed at my place, and also as 
to the place itself, I beg to say: 

My plantation is known as "Wilton on the James," and 
is the old original home of the Randolphs, situated five 
miles below the City of Richmond; has a shore bound- 
ary of about three miles on the river. The plantation 
consists of 1,237 acres, 800 of which is open arable land; 
300 acres of this is river low ground. A very peculiar 
condition of soil exists on Wilton, in that it varies in 
consistency from a clay loam soil on the high grounds 
to a sandy mixture of light land of reddish loam, to 
the heavy limestone deposit on the river bottom. 

I came in possession of Wilton and moved thereon one 
year ago last March 1st. I immediately set about with 
some forty-five head of work stock, to plough the land, 
and get it into a condition to produce crops. The place 
had been somewhat neglected and used for stock and 
sheep, and the ground was very hard in places, and dif- 




Plowing and Harrowing at the Same Time, 
ficult to manage. After this experience in preparing the 
soil, I discovered it was very expensive to operate a 
large number of teams on a plantation by the use of 
the help available, as many times when hands were paid 
off on Saturday night, they would not return to work 
Monday morning, nor perhaps the following week; con- 
sequently teams were left standing in the stables, the 
land was not worked, and, of course, the horses and 
mules had to eat. 

I had many times seen plowing outfits in the western 
country, and I decided to investigate the practicability 
of ploughing my plantation with mechanical power. I set 
about to investigate the various methods claimed would 
do successful work, and began negotiations with the Watt 
Plow Co., for installing a steam ploughing outfit on my 
place on trial about February 15th, and on the 1st of 
April, or thereabouts, the outfit reached Richmond, and 



was moved to Wilton. The plows are the John Deere 
big gang steam engine plow, consisting of eight gangs, | 
cutting fourteen inches each, and are a model of per- 
fection in construction and operation in every way. This 
particular set of plows are of a new and improved de- 




Rear View of the Outfit. 



sign, and, in fact, are the first of this type turned out 
by the John Deere Co., and were supplied especially for 
the Watt Plow Co., to fill this order. These plows are 
mounted on wheels which carry them about the field 
very readily, can be raised from the heaviest soil by 
one man, through the operation of a peculiarly constructed 
lever of enormous power, and it is so very simple that 
it is impossible for it to get out of order. The plows 
themselves carry guage wheels to regulate their depth, 
and even the soil; and it is certainly a beautiful sight 
to see a field, no matter how rough it has previously 
been, after a John Deere plow has been passed over it, 
and I do not hesitate to say it is impossible to plow 
with horse power and man power, and do the work that 
will compare with the work done by the John Deere 
gang plow. 

And as to the benefit derived from tilling the ground 
with such plows, and putting it in an even condition, 
am sure it will show on the first crop. 

Of course any one will readily understand that the 
main feature of the plowing outfit is the power, and 
after power it is the practical way in which it is applied, 
and if it be durable. After thoroughly investigating the 
various methods and principles of traction engines, and 
consulting the methods of men who have used them in 
the Northern States, many of whom were my personal 
acquaintances, I decided on the Huber engine, built in 
Marion, O. The Watt Plow Co. had one of these en- II 
gines forwarded, and I must say that it nas surprised J 
me in the satisfaction that it has given, although I hadjl 
previously received strong recommendations of its worth I 
We have thoroughly tested this engine* over all sorts II 
of soil conditions on Wilton, from the stiff soil on then 
uplands, through the sandy loam on the intermediate level, jj 
and down through the limestone of the river bottom, and 
it has proved itself master of the situation in every 
test we put it to, and proved that plowing with a Huber 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



609 



engine as power, and a John Deere gang as plows, is 
certainly a success, both as being superior to horse power 
in an economical way and a financial investment, and as 
as also being a "hired man" you can depend on when 
you want him. Again, when he doesn't work, he doesn't 
eat; he is not subject to the ills of live stock, especially 
where a great many are kept, while he has to have water 
and fuel, he does not complain when you work him if 
the thermometer is 105 in the shade; neither is he sub- 
ject to the abuse of the negro driver. The matter of ob- 
taining water for an engine is of importance, but I have 
successfully overcome any difficulties of this kind on my 
place by putting down driven wells. We drive a two- 
inch pipe at various places about the farm, and to these 
we attach the hose from the steam pump on the engine, 
and very quickly fill the reservoir. The Huber engine 
has two very large reserve tanks for water, and also a 
large coal bunker, which greatly reduces the necessity 
of stops of any great duration. 

We have succeeded in plowing at the rate of two acres 
per hour on my river low ground, which is by far the 




An Hour or Two's Plowing. 



hardest soil that we have to plow, and I am convinced 
that on any land in "Virginia, where one of these plow- 
ing outfits can travel twenty-five acres a day can be 
readily turned. In computing the difference between steam 
and horse power, I estimate that it is more than fifty 
per cent, in favor of the steam plows, ■first, because if 
you want to plow soil as it should be — eight to ten 
inches deep, you must attach three horses to each plow; 
this would mean twenty four horses as an offset to the 
John Deere gang; also eight drivers. When you have 
eight drivers, you have eight different methods of plow- 
ing. You also have eight different men who may shirk 
their duty, and I am sorry to say I have found that they 
will if left to their own way. With the steam plow that 
I have installed we have an engineer, and a fireman and 
plowman, thus we have saved the employment of six 
men. Again, I have attached immediately behind the 
plow a peg tooth harrow, which harrows the ground as 
it is plowed, thus preventing it from baking, at the same 
time doing the work of at least eight horses as the har- 
row is twelve feet wide, so it will be readily seen that 



horse power and man power for ploughing land is cer- 
tainly outclassed financially, and in quality of work. 

After the experience that I have had in the use of 
a Huber engine, I feel as thougn it would be impossible 
for a man to successfully carry on a large plantation 
without one. I believe they are as good constructed a 
machine as I ever saw of any kind. Aside from doing 
wonderful work as a plow engine, we have succeeded 
\n running a large ten-roll shredder and husker, made 
several miles of road on my farm, and two men with 
the engine can do more grubbing up of trees in one day 
than twenty men could do in a week, and I feel sure 
that I made no mistake when I fell into the hands of 
the Watt Plow Co., to supply me with this outfit; neither 
would I be without it for twice what it cost. 

GEORGE P. FINNEGAN. 

"Wilton," Henrico Co., Va. 



THE NOMINATION OF A COMMISSIONER OF 
AGRICULTURE. 

Editor Southern Planter: 

On August 5th, the voters of Virginia will be called 
upon at a primary election to choose a Democratic can- 
didate for the position of Commissioner of Agriculture 
and Immigration. The judiciouc selection of such an offi- 
cial appeals with especial interest to the farmers of Vir- 
ginia. The administration of the duties of this office 
should be along lines of agricultural development of the 
State. The funds which support the Department are de- 
rived from a tax of fifteen cents per ton on fertilizer, 
which tax comes directly from the pocket of every farmer 
who uses fertilizer. 

I see from the public press that two candidates are offer- 
ing for this position — the present incumbent, Hon. G. W. 
Koiner, and Hon J. Thompson Brown, of Bedford county. 
Which of ihese gentlemen should the voters choose? 

Mr. Koiner has held this office for ten years, hence 
has a record behind him. Does this record commend him 
for re-election, and upon what specifications? I gather 
from Mr. Koiner's publications in the press that he claims 
to have done great service for the farmers, through his 
immigration work; through Farmers' Institutes; through 
his execution of the fertilizer law, and in disseminating 
useful information through fertilizer bulletins, and through 
his annual report. What do the records and Board Min- 
utes show? I claim that iney show that except for his 
annual report, none of these benefits originated with Mr. 
Koiner, or came from any action of his. As to immigra- 
tion the records show that nothing was done along this 
line prior to 1904, not even did its stationery indicate 
that immigration work was a duty of the Department. 
In 1904 the inauguration of immigration work was insti- 
gated through the report of a committee of the Board, 
in which Mr. Koiner had no part or parcel. Subsequently, 
through the efforts of the Board, an appropriation was 
received from the Legislature for immigration work. Mr. 
Koiner, as the executive officer of the Board was fust sent 
to Europe in 1906, to execute this work. As to the effi- 
ciency of his work, the character of the people he brought 
over speaks for itself. Let the farmers who have tried 
this splendid (?) help speak up. As a matter of fact, 
a large majority of those immigrants were utterly worth- 



010 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



less, being tramps and bums, only a few of them re- 
maining on the farm longer than a few weeks. I have 
personal knowledge of a dozen of those located on the 
farm, not one of them is now in farm service. Mr. Koin 
er's' report of this immigration work has been greatly 
magnified. His report for 1907 claims that through his 
effort "more than 2,000 laborers and domestics came to 
Virginia during the last year." As a matter of fact, the 
records show he paid agents in Europe $5.00 per head 
commission on all laborers sent over, and $10,00 per head 
on all settlers. As the appropriation was only $10,000 for 
immigration work to cover two years, the claim that 2,000 
were sent over in one year is manifestly absurd. Those 
who have endeavored to secure farm help through Mr. 
Koiner's office know that relief from this source has been 
an absolute failure. As to Farmers' Institute works: The 
Minutes show this was formulated by a committee of the 
Board. The work along this line for many years, until 
the present law went into operation a year since, was 
conducted by the members of the Board, largely by using 
the professors of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute as 
lecturers, free of charge, except for traveling expenses. 
The Commissioners seldom attended, and had nothing to 
do with them. 

As to the execution of the fertilizer law, the Board, as 
the law until a year ago required, made all the rules 
and regulations for same, the Commissioner acting under 
its direction as executive, and as the records will show, 
out of more than 200 violations of law reported, he only 
had two or three prosecutions? The fertilizer bulletins 
are compiled by the chemist, not by the Commissioner. 
The Commissioner is entitled to the entire credit for his 
annual report, for which the farmers pay from $4,000 to 
$5,000 each year, but a perusal of the reports will show 
that not more than about two pages in each report is the 
work of the Commossioner, and this is a bare statement 
of commonplace facts pertaining to the work of the office. 
All the rest of the report in each year is made up 
of clippings from agricultural journals, or articles con- 
tributed by agricultural writers. We look in vain to these 
reports for ,any suggestions or advice to advance the ag- 
ricultural interests of the State from the Commissioner. 
The present law, giving the Commissioner almost absol- 
ute control, went into effect in April, 1908. What prog 
ress has the Department made since then? I know of 
nothing worthy of comment save that in an examination 
of the Commissioner's financial accounts in January last 
the Auditing Committee officially reported to the Board 
a deficit of about $4,000, the expenditures and outstand- 
ing obligations exceeding the receipts to that extent. 
There has been no examination of the accounts since 
then, as the Commissioner failed to submit his accounts 
for examination at the meeting of the Board in April 
last, and had the next meeting of the Board fixed for 
October, when the primary will be over. This is the first 
time in the ten years of Mr. Koiner's administration, and 
I believe in whole life of the Board of Agriculture, when 
there has not been a midsummer meeting of the Board 
for the examination of accounts and other business. 

Instead of co-operating and cultivating friendly rela- 
tions with other agricultural enterprises in the State, for 
tha general good, Mr. Koiner's relations with none of 



these is cordial. I refer in this matter to his relations 
with the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, the State Farmers' 
Institute, the Richmond State Fair Association, the Horti- 
cultural Society, the Norfolk Truck Experiment Station, 
the Appomattox Station, the Sandy Demonstration Farm 
Work, and The Southern Planter. 

The above relates to omissions of duty only. Now, as 
to sins of commission. I will refer at this time to one 
only. In November, 1906, Mr. Koiner obtained the ap- 
pointment of United States statistician for Virginia at a 
salary of $600 a year. The Board having learned of this, 
at its next meeting in January, 1907, asked a ruling from 
the Attorney General as to the legality of the Commis- 
sioner holding this office. General Anderson's ruling was 
that a Virginia State officer could not at the same time 
hold a Federal office, and that the office of Commissioner 
of Agriculture of Virginia was vacant from the moment 
Mr. Koiner accepted Federal office. Mr. Koiner stated to 
the Board that he had no idea he was violating the law, 
and wired to Washington his resignation of the Federal 
office. The Board still being in session, on Mr. Koiner's 
statement that he had a reply accepting his resignation, 
and that he had innocently violated the law, re-elected him 
Commissioner. Next day, however, Mr. Koiner hastened 
to Washington, and got his daughter appointed statisti- 
cian. He returned to Richmond, and wrote to several 
parties — two of such letters being now in evidence — that 
his son had been appointed statistician, but that he Mr. 
Koiner, was doing the work. The work, in fact was 
not done by Mr. Koiner, but by the clerks of the Depart- 
ment, employed on salaries by the State of Virginia, in 
an office of the Department, during office hours, Mr. Koiner 
receiving a salary of $50.00 a month for same from the 
United States Government. 

After Mr. Koiner had been informed by the Attorney 
General he had violated the law, and after the Board, 
acting in good faith, on his plea of innocence, had re- 
elected him to an office he had forfeited, he simply had 
his daughter's name substituted for his own as a dummy 
on the records at Washington, continued having the State's 
clerks do the work, and continued putting $50.00 a month 
into his pocket, or that of his family. The above state- 
ment can be substantiated by the records and other unim- 
peachable evidence. I have been on the Board of Agricul 
ture ever since Mr. Koiner became Commissioner in 1899, 
until the 1st of March, 1909, when my commission ex- 
pired. I know whereof I speak. During the early years 
of Mr. Koiner's administration the Board having confi- 
dence in him, gave him loyal support. For the sake of 
harmony later it temporized with him and tolerated his 
methods longer than it should have done; finally, it be- 
came evident that the only way to get along with such 
an executive was to hold a tight rein over him. The 
Board, in July, 1907, reorganized the Department, giving 
reasons through the press for doing so. The Commis- 
sioner charged assumption of authority on the part of 
the Board. That body, at its October meeting, 1907, ap- 
pointed a committee to look into the matter. That com- 
mittee, through its Chairman, Dr. P. B. Barringer, re 
ported a resolution, asking the Legislature to investigate 
the record of the, Board and the work of the Commis- 
(Continued on Page 612.) 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



611 



THB 



Southern Planter 

PUBLISHED BT 

THE SOUTHERN PLANTER PUBLISHING CO., 

RICHMOND, VA. 

ISSUED ON 1ST OF EACH MONTH. 



J. F. JACKSON, 
Editor. 



B. MORGAN SHEPHERD, 
Business Manager. 



B. W. RHOADS, 

Western Representative, 844 Tribune 

Building, Chicago, 111. 



MANCHESTER OFFICE, 
W. J .Carter, 1102 Hull Street. 



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Will be furnished on application. 



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cents per annum; all foreign countries, 
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REMITTANCES should be made 
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WE INVITE FARMERS to write us 
on any agricultural topic. We are 
always pleased to receive practical 
articles. Rejected matter will be re- 
turned on receipt of postage. 

No anonymous communications or 
enquiries will receive attention. 
Address THE SOUTHERN PLANTER, 
RICHMOND, VA. 

ENTERED AT THE POST-OFFICE 
AT RICHMOND, VA., AS SECOND- 
CLASS MAIL MATTER. 



PUBLISHERS' NOTES. 

TO ADVERTISERS. 

Please bear in mind that we must 
have all copy or instructions for ad- 
vertisements by the 25th of each 
month without fail. Every month we 
are compelled to omit advertising in 
large volumes for the simple reason 
that copy does not reach us in time. 



A NEAT BINDER. 
If you will send thirty cents to our 
business office, we will send you a 
neat binder made of substantial Bris- 
tol board, in which you can preserve 
an entire volume of the Southern 
Planter. Many of our readers find 
this a useful device, as they always 
save their copies for reference. 



A PARMER'S ACCOUNT BOOK. 

We can furnish a very simple and 
complete account book for farmers' 
use for 50 cents, postpaid; or we 
will give a copy to every subscriber 
who will remit us $1.00 for a three- 
year subscription and 10 cents to 
cover mailing. 

This book contains records for la- 
bor, planting, buying, selling, breed- 
ing and inventory and will last the 
average farmer for two or three 
year. 

In the back of the book are gesta- 
tion tables, rules for computing con 
tents of corn cribs, hay stacks, etc. 



WITH THE ADVERTISERS. 

The E. W. Ross Co. is advertising 
a splendid ensilage cutter in this 
issue. 

Attention is invited to the adver- 
tisement of the Star Mfg. Co., to be 
found in another column. 

Dederick's well-known Hay Press is 
attractively advertised on another 
page. 

The Waterloo Gas Engine Co. has 
a prominent advertisement on an- 
other page. H. L. Smith, Petersburg, 
is local agent for this concern. 

The Collins Plow Co. is advertis- 
ing its well-known Eli Baling Press 
this month. 

Attention is inviter to the advertise- 
ment of Cooper & Nephews else- 
where in this issue. 

The Crestline Mfg. Co. has a couple 
of advertisements in this issue to 
whic attention is invited. 

The Meadow Farm Dairy is adver- 
tising Holstein cattle this month. 

Minor's Fluid, a liquid sheep dip, 
is advertised in another column. 

Berkshire hogs of excellent breed- 
ing are offered by the Piedmont Gen- 
eral Office. 

The Angle Lamp is attractively ad- 
vertised in this issue by John H. Rose 
& Co. 

Some excellent bargains are offer- 
ed in registered live stock by John 
F. Lewis, Lynnwood, Va. 

Berkshire hogs are offered by John 
A. Muncaster. 



LOUDOUN FARM SOLD. 

Mrs. Phoebe Cole, of Washington, 
D. C, has just purchased the S. A. 
Arthur farm, near Purcellville, 
through A. H. Buell, of Herndon. 
This place is considered one of the 
most desirable in Loudoun county. 
Price, $12,000. 



Zl PLANT WOOD'S SEEDS EZ 
For Superior Crops. 

Soja Beans. 

The most nutritious forage and 
feed crop that can be grown, con- 
taining, to a grealcr extent than 
other crops, protein, or fat-form- 
ing qualities. 

They are also one of the largest- 
yielding and surest of summer 
crops, succeeding and standing 
dry, hot weather to a remarkable 
extent, also succeeding better on 
light sandy land than any similar 
crop. All of our 

Soja Beans and Cow Peas 

are choice, recleaned storks, superior 
both in cleanline.-s and quality, and of 
tested germination. 

Write for prices and "Wood's Crop 
Special" giving timely information 
about Seasonable-Faun Seeds. 



T. Wo WOOD & SONS, 

Seedsmen, - Richmond, Va. 

We are headquarters for 

All Farm Seeds, 

Millets. Sorghums. Ensilage Corn, 

Late Seed Potatoes, Crimson 

Clover, etc. 



RAFFIA 

Red Star and Arrow Brands 

Bale lots of 225 lbs. each. 

We are direct importers — stock 
always on hand. Write for special 
prices, stating quantity required. 
Sample sent on request. 

McHUTCHISON & COMPANY, 

Raffia Importers, 

17 Murray St., New York. 



imited Wealth May Be Yours; 

below the surface of 
the ground in deposits 
of coal, oil, gas, ores 
or metals. The surest 
and most economical 
way todetermine what 
the cround contains 
is by means of the 

"American" • 
Coring Machine 

which will remove a 

core of any size, any 

depth, thru any kind of shale or rock 

formation cheaper than by any other 

melhod. Our new catalog describes every method 

of well sinking and mineral prospecting — FREE. 

The American Well Works, office & Work., Aurora, III. 

First Nat. Bank Bldg., Chicago. 

Sydnor Pump Company. Richmond, Virginia. 




BANK OF RICHMOND, 



Main and Ninth Streets. 



CAPITAL, $1,000,000 00. SURPLUS, $475,000 0«. 

Special attention paid to out-of-town accounts. Correspondence invited. 
Three per cent, interest Allowed in Savings Department. 
Compounded Semi-Annually. 



612 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



[June, 



CHEAPER FARM 






For tho price of a prood horse you can buy an 

ideal farin cngmcthat will operate Feed Grinder, 
Cutter, saw. Pump, Ctiurn, Separator, Wash- 
ins Machine and other machines Lo which belt 

"can be attached. It eats no corn, does not pet 

sick or die, can be moved whenever you wish, 

is always ready and eager to work. 
A Star Gasoline Engine will cut outdrudgery, 

save the tired back, and make life a pleasure. 

Made witli standard tank, pump cooled, or 

hopper cooled. 

Send for prices and illustrations and learn 
why the ''Star" is a money-maker and time 
saver. 

Tho Star Manufacturing Co., 

Box 516, New Lexington, Ohio 



The 
STAR 

A Heavy, 

Standard 

High- 

Grade 

Gasoline 

Engine 




SAW MILLS 

Whether you want a little mill for custom 
sawing or one that will cut 50,000 f t. o f lumber 
a day, we have it for you in the Knight Mills 
of modern build and construction. We make 
eight sizes of mills (portable and stationary) 
and a line of saw-mill appliances and ma- 
chinery that is abreast of the times. It will 
pay you to know about Knight Head Blocks, 
Set Works, Swing Saws, Single Saw and 
Gang Edgers, Self Feed Rip Saws, etc. Write 
for free Catalog to tell you of the up-to-date 
things in our line, 
Send for it today. 

THE KNIGHT MFC. CO, 

1934 S. Market St, 
Canton, Ohio 




HARNESS 



BY 
MAIL 



Tou can buy custom-made, oak-tan- 
ned harness direct from our factory, 
at wholesale prices. Save the dealers' 
profits. All our harness guaranteed. 
Money back if not satisfactory. Write 
for illustrated Catalogue O. and price 
list. Every farmer should have this 
booklet. 

THE KING HARNESS COMPANY, 
16 Lake St. Owego, Tioga Co., N. Y. 

BOILERS AND ENGINES. 

16-horse Traction, $300; 12-horse. 
$250; 10-horse, $200; boilers and en- 
gines from 2 to 100 horse, all styles- 
and sizes, new and second hand; 4- 
horse gasoline engine, $75; 8-horse 
$150; 12-horse, $200: Saw-Mill, $135. 
boilers, tanks and smoke-stacks. 
C-iSEY BOILER MORKS, 

• Springfield, Ohio. 



A COW PEA THRESHER 

Invented at last! This is not a "pea 
huller" but a machine that will thresh 
any variety of cowpeas from the mown 
vines not breaking over 1 or 2 per 
cent of the grain. Write for catalog. 
KOGER PEA «& BEAN THRESHER CO. 
Morrlgtown, Tenn. 

Wo Will fiivP A RURAL MAIL BOX 

W»C Tflll UIVC The best an d handsomesi 
Galvanized Steel Rural Mail Box -lade, to the firs 
person sending address of party ~_.,vassing for peti 
lions for new Kural Route. Write today. 
KK.Y11TKY 8T1BPIM1 CO., DEI'T. 85 !.()■ ISMLI.E, K1 



(Continued from page 610.) 
sioner's office. This resolution was 
adopted unanimously by the Board, 
with only one dissenting vote. If the 
Commissioners' record had been clean 
he had nothing to fear from an inves 
tigation, yet he and his friends pre- 
vented it, and the Board was not 
given a hearing. No investigation 
was had. 

Do the people think Mr. Koiner is 
entitled to re-election? Let them an- 
swer at the polls at the primary elec- 
tion. 

Now, then, who is the other as- 
pirant? He is a man who is widely 
known throughout Virginia; has been 
a farmer all of his life; has held with 
conspicuous ability positions of trust 
and confidence; has served in the 
Legislature; was a member of the 
late Constitutional Convention; serv- 
ed for many years as Rector of the 
Board of Visitors of V. P. I., acting 
for a time as President of that Insti- 
tution. More than all of this, he is 
that noblest work of God — a honest 
man! J. H. C. BEVERLEY. 

Chance, Va. 



(Continued from Page 602.) 
indirectly, the quality of the product 
materially. Is not the high quality 
of the razor-back's hams due more 
to his very active life and bis feed 
than to the fact that he is a razor- 
back breed? But, as Professor Mas- 
sey says, a Berkshire could not lead 
this life or feed himself thus. 

If the "pine-rooter" carries a sub- 
soiler the Tamworth certainly has a 
steam shovel, and plenty of hog pow- 
er behind to drive it. The Tamworth 
has as much pork in his body at the 
same age as any other breed (more 
of the valuble cuts) and under his 
body, legs that have the length and 
bone and muscle to carry it well, and 
far — and fast. He is active, quick, 
alert, of great lung and heart. He 
combines all the good qualities of the 
razor-back with all the good of the 
lard hog; and is neither. 

The point which I wish to make is: 
That to keep up the quality of hams 
for which Virginia is justly noted 
and to gain a reputation for break- 
fast bacon equal to that for hams 
we cannot confine our hogs on a 
small area and feed only a narrow, 
concentrated ration. We must allow 
them a fair range, feed a better bal- 
anced and not so concentrated a ra- 
tion as corn only, and, if necessary, 
compel a reasonable amount of exer- 
cise, even during the fattening period. 
These conditions being necessary for 
the production of the highest quality 
of pork, can any one show a better 
breed for the purpose than the Tarn 
worth? S. G. S. 

Gloucester Co., Va. 



Editor Southern Planter: — I saw 
such a pretty sight the other day that 
I must tell you about it. I had six 
hens and ninety little Reds in a 
shady, grassy run. Reds wean their 



DOUBLE VALUE 

from your manure. Cover two acres 

to every one by hand, spreading 

with better results and do it as 

fast as 10 men with forks. 

...MILLER... 

Manure Spreader 

audi Pulverizer 

is the only low down spreader, easy to 
load. Handles all manure, pulverizes 
thoroughly, spreads evenly, thick or 
thin, as wanted. Right width to 
straddle corn rows. Solid bottom bos, 
scraped clean every load. Automatic 
drag return, safety end-cate, double 
drive Send for catalo. L and know 
every reason why you bhould own a 
Miller modern spreader. 
kVewark Machine Co., Newark, O 



The ' MONHRCH" 

STEEL STUMP PULLER. 




The best and simplest on earth. No 
cost to you, except freight, until it is 
set up and giving satisfaction. Nine 
years experience in this business. 
Write for catalogue and prices. 
Route 1, Grottoes, Va. 

JOS. W. RITCHIE, Agent, 



HARVEY BOLSTER SPRINGS 

Soon save their cost. Make every wagon a spring 
wagon, therefore fruit, vegetables, eggs, etc., 
bring more money. Ask for special proposition. 
Harrey Spring Co., 733171b St., Racine, Wis. 



Free Trial To You 



PULING 



CATTLE INSTRUMENTS fc 

are "Easy to Use,'' no veterinary 
experience necessary. A few dol- 
lars invested in our goods will save 
hundreds of dollars. Pilling Milk Fever 
•lOutfit for Air treatment recommended by 
U. S. Agricultural Dept.. price $3.00. Silver Milk 
Tubes 50^; Teat Slitter $1.50; Garget Outfit $4.00: 
Capon Tools, Horse and Cattle Syringes, all sent pre- 
paid with full directions. Write for free Bookie. 2k 
Arch *t.. Philnrt>lr.hln. In. I 

a — WW — ma — 




P. I'!M,!!Vfl A SON (l 




ARTIFICIAL 
MARE IMPREGNAT0RS 

For getting from 1 to 6 mares i n foal from one service of a 
stallion, $3.50 to $6.00. Safety Impregnating Outfit for 
barren and irregular breeders,$7. 60. Serving Hobbles, 
Stallion Bridles, Shields, Supports, Service Books, etc, 
prepaid and guaranteed. Stallion Goods Catalog FREE. 
CRITTENDEN & CO. Dent. 54 Cleveland, Ohio. 



Do You Ship Peaches? 

If so — don't fail to send for our 
catalogue and prices for 1909. 
SOUTH SIDE MFG. CO., 
Petersburg, Va. 



1900.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLAN lT.il. 



613 



ski: 



44 



Rose for Ranges ' ' 

Till* l'liiiioiiN l shadow less 

Angle lamp, 

Perfection in OH Lighting. 




No. 203, ns illustrated $5.70. 

The ANGLE LAMP gives more 
light, consuming less oil, than any 
lamp on the market. 

Descriptive catalogue on applica- 
tion. 

JOHN H. ROSE & CO., 

Everything In Hou.seiuruishiiig 

Goods, 

Hichmond, Va. 



Can Jbur Surplus Fruits 

and Vegetables 

Big Profits 



Don't let your snrplns fruits 
J vegetables go to waste. Can them, 
fthe same as a large canning factory. 
/There's always a market for canned 
J goods, and for a small investment 
you can buy a 

STAHL 

Canning Outfit ' 

and build up a big, 
profitable business. 
All sizes ; fully 
guaranteed. Write 
for catalogue. 
F. S. STAHL OFG. CO. 
Box 357 -D, Quinr;, 111. 




Monarch 




Hydraulic 

Cider Press 



Great strength and ca- 
pacity; al! sizes; also 
gasoline engines, 
steam engines, 
sawmills, thresL. 
ers. Catalog free. 
Monarch Machinery Co., SJO Cortland! BIdg.. New York 



PATENTS s o.i u F?i D 

* M - wl ^ * *^ RETURNED 
Send sketch for free report as to 
patentability. Gnlde Book and What 
to Invent, with valuable list of Inven- 
tions wanted sent free. One milllor 
dollars offered for one Invention 
$16,000 for others. Patents secured bi 
us advertised free in World's Progrea* 
Sample free. 

EVANS * WILKINS, 
848 F Street. Washington. D. O. 

WHEELS, FREIGHT PAID $8.75 

for I Buggy Wheels, steel Tires. With Rubber Tires. SI5.20. I 
mfg.wheetsXtosin.tread. Buggy Tops J5 60, shafls J? 00 Tap 
Bottles U3: Hiness.S5. Lean how to bmj tired. Caulofue Free. Repair 
Wheels. 16.60. Wagon Umbrella free, w V BOOB. Cladaaall, 0. 



chicks a little soon and go to laying 
again. What I saw was a beautiful 
aark red hen sitting on a nest she 
had made under a raspberry vine, 
and fifteen six weeks old baby chicku 
waiting. She laid two weeks before 
she left the chicks. 

A lady wrote me to-day: "I am 
thoroughly in love with the Reds. 
My eggs are hatching fine. Five hens 
have sixty-seven chicks. I hatched 
seventy-two out of seventy-five, and 
how they grow!" 

(Miss) LOUISE V. SPENCER. 

May 17, 1909. 



Gloucester Co., Va. 

Editor Southern Planter: — I have 
just read the May number of the 
Southern Planter with much pleasure 
and profit. Besides the practical bene 
fit, I desire to express appreciation of 
the fine article on the Battle of New 
Market, written by "Mary Washing 
ton." She quotes some beautiful vers 
es from a Threnody by Mr. Gordon, 
of Staunton, on this subject. I hope 
you will be so kind as to get her to 
publish the rest of this very fine 
poem, new to me, and possibly to 
many of your readers. 

MRS. FIELDING L. TAYLOR. 

May 17, 1909. 



GUERNSEY CATTLE NOTES. 

The annual meeting of the Ameri- 
can Guernsey Cattle Club was recent- 
ly held in New York, and was the 
largest atended and most enthusiastic 
ever held. 

The report of the Secretary and 
Treasurer showed that the year had 
been the most prosperous in the 
Club's history. The income during 
the year was over $20,000 — more than 
a sixfold increase in the last fifteen 
years that Mr. Caldwell has been 
Secretary. 

Officers elected were: President. 
James M. Codman, Brooklyn, Mass.; 
Vice-Presidents, Dr. F. W. Brophy, 
Chicago, 111.; E. F. Gill, Haddonfield, 
N. J. 

Executive Committee: The Presi- 
dent, Secretary and Treasurer, and 
James Logan Fisher, Philadelphia; 
Howard B. Tuttle, Naugatuck, Conn.; 
Robert Scoville, New York; S. M. 
Shoemaker, Eccleston, Md.; W. D. 
Hoard, Ft. Atkinson, Wis.; Charles L. 
Hill, Rosendale, Wis.; Ezra Michener, 
Michener, Pa. 

A most important step was taken 
in the registration of Guernseys in the 
Herd Register, in requiring that all 
must be registered before they are six 
months old, unless a birth report has 
been filed with the Secretary within 
thirty days after birth of calf, when 
they may be registered any time be- 
fore they are three years old. If a 
birth report is not filed, or the ani- 
mals registered before six months old, 
they can only be registered by the 
approval of the Executive Committee 
and the payment of a fee of $10. 




WAGON SENSE 

Don't break your back and kill your 
bor86> villi a bigb wheel wagon. 
For comlort's sake get an 

Electric Handy Wagon. 

It will save you time and money. A 
ect of Electric Stee: Wheels will 
make your old wapon new at small 
cost. Write for catalogue. It i= free. 

ELECTRIC WHEEL CO.. BoxUG Qulaci.U. 



"CRESTLINE" 

IRON PUMPS 

Have you a well 60 feet or less 
in depth frcm which you must 
have a quanti ty of water quickly 
for your stock? 
Our Fig. 135— No. 8 is a fast 
pumper -a pump that will last a life- 
time with a little care. Easy to op- 
erate. We make hundreds of styles 
of pumps. If you need a 

Three Way Pump, Force Pump, Spray 
Pump, Tank' Pump, Sink or Hose 

let us tell you why our goods are bet- 
ter and who sells them. 

_ CRESJLINEJjIFG- j^J^SJf^L & 

For an estimate on cost of our Fi«*. 1S5, No. 8 Fast 
Pumper, please fill out and send uscoupon below: 
How deep is \ 

well or cistern l)_ 

How far is \ 

water from top?/ 

What isdiamA 

eter of well? / 

How mucti water\ 

needed per hour// 



BUY DIRECT FROM FACTORY 

saving all expenses and profits of the 
dealer. 

ELKHART BUGGIES AND HARNESS. 

have been sold direct from our factory 
to the user for thirty-six years. We are 
The Largest Manufacturers in the 
World selling to the consumer exclus 
ively. Send for free catalogue. 
Elkhart Carriage & Harness Mfg. Co., 
Elkhart, Indiana. 

riYYouRRoor 

5 P Cmiaro —We will guarantee to put any 
C JTCr OCJUcftTe* old leaky, worn-out. rusty, tin. 
Iron, steel, paper, felt, gravel or shingle roof i n perfect 
condition, and keep it in perfect condition for 5c per 
square per year. 

The Perfect Roof Preserver, makes old, 
worn-out roofs new. Satisfaction guaran- 
teed or money refunded. Our free roofing 
book tells all'abnut it. Write for it today. 

The Anderson Manufacturing Co., Oept. 61 Elyria, Ohio 



square per year. 

Roof-Fix 



Rockford Engine Works. 
Dept. 36, Rockford, 111. 

The Engine that will plea se you 




All Styles 



W»nt-lV»hli?-Handy 



WANTED 

= Bills to Collect - 

In all portions of the United States. 
No collection, no chargre. Ag'encles 
wanted everywhere; 25 years' expe- 
rience. PALMORE'S COLLECTION 
AGENCY. 911 Main St.. Richmond. Va. 



Please mention the Southern Planter. 



014 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER 



[June, 



DIG BARGAINS IN 

GASOLENE 
ENGINES 

As a medium of advertising- we 
propose to offer for prompt accept- 
ance only — and to the first who 
avail themselves of this magnificent 
offer, the following' bargains for 
cash only. 

One 2% H. P. Lanson Frost King, 
Semi-portable on Skids, $85. 

One 5 H. P. Lnuson Frost King, 
Semi-portable on Skids, $180. 

One 6 H. P. Lnnson Portable on 
Wheels, $290. 

One 4 H. P. Brown-Cochran on 
Skids, $180. 

Be Quick — Don't Miss a Bargain. 
First Come, First Served. 

STRATTON & BRAGG COMPANY 

PETERSBURG, VA. 



SILO FILLERS w ? n rl d - 

with wind elevators for any power 
from 4 to 12 H. P. will Cut or Shred 
green or dry fodder and elevate to 
any height. Get Free catalogue 





s *s 

m H- 

H 4) 

to « 8 
S3 




SILOS 

that make and keep real ensilage; 
that have the utmost strength, con- 
venience, and durability ; that are 
used by the United States Govern- 
ment. Send for free catalogue. 
HARDER MFG. COMPANY, 
Box 32 , Cobleskill, N. Y. 



ECONOMY SILO 

Air tight but with easily opened 
doors. Easy to erect. Strong, well- 
hooped, guaranteed. Book free. 

ECONOMY SILO & MFG., CO., 
Box 38 G., Frederick, Maryland. 

PLANET JR. FARM and GARDEN TOOLS 

make farm work easy and give big- 
ger crops. Free 56-page catalogue for 
1909. 

S. L. ALLEN & CO., 
Box 1107-X. Philadelphia, Pa. 



Five hundred dollars was appropri- 
ated for special premiums ana repre- 
sentations of the breed at the Na- 
tional Dairy Show, and a like amount 
for the Alaska-Yukon Exposition. 
One hundred dollars was appropriated 
for special prizes at the Iowa State 
Dairy. The offering of several silver 
trophies was also announced. 

One thousand dollars was set aside 
for collation of data in connection 
with the Advance Register work. 

All this means much to the advance- 
ment and integrity of the Guernsey 
Register. 

The Guernsey breed is seemingly 
enjoying an era of prosperity which 
it has justly earned. 

At the sale of the Guernsey herd 
at Grove Farm, Brooklandville, Md., 
on May 14th, one cow sold for $775, 
and two heifer calves sold for $300 
and $250, respectively. Four yearling 
heifers brought $660. Nine mature 
cows averaged $303. A seven year 
old bull sold for $200. Twenty-four 
head brought $4,790, an averge of 
$199.58. H. H. C. 

May 19, 1909. 



SALE AT COOK FARMS. 

The Cook Farms at Lexington, 
Kentucky, report a splendid sale of 
both jacks and saddle horses during 
the month of April. 

Among the many recent visitors 
and purchasers were Thomas F. 
Ryan, who bought a fiye year old 
Kentucky Mammoth jack for his Oak 
Ridge Farm in Virginia; J. S. Meeks, 
of Avon, W. Va., a big yearling jack; 
Mr. Supplee, of Philadelphia, a three 
year old jack fifteen and a half 
hands high; E. O. Godwin, of Jeffer- 
son City, Tennessee, the four year 
old imported jack, Silver Fern. Mr. 
Godwin is one of the largest mule 
dealers in Tennessee, and he and 
his neighbors wanted one of the best 
jacks to be found in the country. 
J. W. Ramer, of Bethel Springs, Ten- 
nessee, a yearling jack of the Dr. 
Hartman family; A. D. Reynolds, a 
four year old Catalonian jack and a 
three year old saddle stallion. Mr. 
Reynolds is a retired tobacco manu- 
facturer and has 2,300 acres of land 
near Bristol, Tennessee, where he 
will breed saddle horses and mules; 
John P. Mars, of Batesville, Mississip- 
pi, the three year old saddle stal- 
lion, Red Highland; R. E. Johnson, 
Sweatnam, Mississippi, the three year 
old stallion, Cleaquo; John Holmes, 
Tylertown, Mississippi, a five year old 
fifteen hand jack; E. L. McCrummen, 
of Paris, Texas, three two year old 
jacks and the saddle stallion, Gypsy 
Prince; R| L. Williams, of Plumers- 
ville, Arkansas, and F. O. Butler, of 
Hinsdale, Illinois, a herd of Tamworth 
hogs each. 



A Neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 30 cents. Address 
our Business Department. 



See That Generator? 




' *\ 



,r " iV * 




r H ; - 



1 



Bad. 



Be able to tell your blue dress from 
black. See while you are trying, with- 
out straining the eyes. No smoke, n» 
globes to break or lamps to clean, or 
fall or 'explode; no danger of killing' 
you while you sleep. Less work per 
month than one lamp. Costs less than 
Kerosene, and always ready at all 
times. We will send you one ready to 
put up. Write us to-day. 
IDEAL EPWORTH ACETYLENE CO., 
620 Elder St., JOHNSTOWN, PA. 



DEDERICKS 

Baling & 



The most 
carefully 
selected 
material; the 
latest improve- 



ments ; expert workmanship and su- 
pervision throughout their making,ex- 
plain the unapproached superiority of 
Dederick's Baling Presses. 

Famous for their speed and unusual 
capacity, their neat work and remarkable 
endurance. Presses for all purposes. 
Catalog giving full information free. 
P. K. DEDERICK'S SONS, 55 Tivou St.. 
Albany, N. Y. 




Self -Feed pif Baling 
3-Stroke £2*11 Press 

Latest addition to the great "Ell" family. Three 
strokes with automatic self-feed makes the gang 
hustle. Bull ton lines that make horse presses really- 
valuable. Greatest leverage when pressure is hard- 
est. Low Step-over, Full Circle, Block Signals, etc. 
A little giant In strength. We've ulivnv; led as hay- 
press builders — 18 different stiles, horse and belt 
powers. Allinonecatalogandi't'sfree. Writeforlt. 
Collins Plow Co., 1185 Hampshire St., Qulncy, III. 



Do You Ship Tomatoes? 

If so — send for our catalogue of 
standard carriers. 

SOUTH SIDE MFG. CO. 
Petersburg, Va. 



I Please mention the Southern Planter. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHEEN" PLANTED. 



615 



Your stock Is 
kept inside and 
other stock out- 
side if your past ureB^ 
1 aro enclosed with 

SUPERIOR 
WIRE FENCE 

This is unquestionably the 
most substantial fence made 

vingr to the hiph carbon coiled 
spring steel wire and the Superior 
Heavy *V eight Lock used in its con- "* 
struction. 

Ail styles, weights and spaclnga. 
Steel Gates lor every purpose. 

Low Prices Easy Terms 
Write for Free catalog. 

THE SUPERIOR FENCE CO. 
Dept. J, Cleveland, Ohio I 



f 100 that the 
20th CENTURY FARM GATE 

Is the most 




H. BS. Mi ERSf 

Sole owner Pats. TJ. S. 



simple and 
practlca 
farm sate 
iver produc 
ed. Bo you 
want to 
make mon- 
ey? 
Lodl, Ohio. 
and Canada. 



ALWAYS IN ORDER 

MANLOVE 

Automatic Gate 



Saves time, adds 
to value, safety, 
beauty and pleas- 
ure of home. 
MANLOVE GATE CO., 272 E. Huron St- 
CHICAGO, ILLS. 





MONTROSS METAL SHINGLES 

Have been made for 
over twenty years All 
isers satisfied. No ex- 
periment. An ideal roof 
ing. Fire, lightning and 
stormproof. Easily laid. 
Light. Handsome. Will 
not scale or crack. Last 
a lifetime. Inexpensive. 
Wri e for catalogue. 

MONTROSS METAL SHINGLE CO , 
113 Erie !>t., = = Camden, N. J. 



COOPER'S 
TREE SPRAYS 

VI — For Trees in Dormant state 

V2 — For Summer Use 
V3-For f - 



Effective in the highest degree. Are highly 
Concentrated. Absolutely uniform in strength. 
Mix instantly with water. One part to 100 parts 
water. No sediment to clog nozzles. Hurmless 
to the trees and user. Non-poisonous to animals 
gracing under trees. Invigorate and cleanse 
the true. Write for pamphlet o£ convincins testimony. 

Wm. Cooper & Nephews, 177 Illinois St., Chicago 



KILL SAN JOSE ' SCALE WITH 

GOOD'S S§l>Zfig>J IL SOHPNO.3 

James Good, 959 N. Front Street, 
Philadelphia. 



Tell the advertiser where you saw 
his advertisement. 



THE TERMS OF THE CORN PRIZE 
CONTEST. 

In suggesting the raising, through 
general subscription, of a great cash 
corn prize, The Times-Dispatch was 
moved by a desire to do something 
which would most directly and most 
sharply stimulate the endeavors of our 
Virginia farmers. In naming now the 
terms upon which the award of this 
prize money shall be made, it is 
actuated by the same desire. For 
various reasons it has seemed best not 
to make the yield per acre the basis 
of competition, and to focus the test 
wholly upon the grade of the product. 
Nor has it seemed best to place any 
conditions whatever upon the amount 
of acreage i under cultivation or to 
make any other restrictions as to the 
manner in which the prize corn shall 
be raised. 

The allotment of this prize money 
in such a way as to give it the great- 
est possible practical value involved 
technical points, upon which The 
Times-Dispatch naturally hesitated to 
pass. The paper has therefore laid 
the matter before those more com- 
petent to pass upon it. After due 
consultation with Henry Fairfax, of 
Loudoun county; T. O. Sandy, 
former president of the Farmers' In- 
stitute, and others of wide agricul- 
tural experience, we now beg to an- 
nounce the following terms in gov- 
ernance of the prize awards: 

1. The competition is free and 
open to everybody, the sole condi- 
tion being that the specimens of 
corn submitted shall be grown in Vir- 
ginia. 

2. All the money received from all 
subscriptions up to the time of the 
awards shall constitute the Prize 
Fund. 

3. The awards shall be made, by 
expert judges, during the annual State 
Fair next October. 

4. The Prize Fund shall be divided 
into six separate prizes, each of which 
shall be a first prize in a distinct 
group. There shall be no second and 
third prizes. 

5. The division shall be on the 
following basis: (a) Two-thirds of 
the Prize Fund shall be awarded for 
white corn raised in Virginia this 
summer; one-third of the Prize Fund 
shall H be awarded for yellow corn 
raised in Virginia this summer, (b) 
Of the total amount awarded each 
kind of corn, one-third shall go to 
the best single ear, one-third to the 
best collection of ten ears, and one- 
third to the best collection of twenty 
ears. 

6. Put in another way: Two-ninths 
of the entire Prize Fund shall be 
awarded to the farmer offering the 
best single ear of white corn, two- 
ninths to the farmer offering the 
best ten ears of white corn, two- 
ninths to the farmer offering the best 
twenty ears of white corn. One-ninth 
of the entire Prize Fund shall be 
awarded to the farmer offering the 



SHIP nE YOUR 

OLD METALS 

HIDES 
RUBBER 

SCRAP IRON 

Car Lots a Specialtj 

50,000 

Hides Wanted 



Write for Priees. 
Satisfaction Guaranteed. 

No Commissions. 



Checkb Sent Samb 
Day Freight Bills 
Are Marked Paid. 



Clarence Cosby, 

Established 1890. 

RICHflOND, VA. 



Largest Dealer in 
Scrap Iron, Metals, Hides, 
Etc., in the South. 

REFERENCES: 

National Bank of Virgin*. 
Bank of Richmond, 
Bradstreets and Don. 



6i i; 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



v 




Crestline 



t < 



S 

u 

N 

S 
H 
I 

N 
E" 



Sprayer 



Fig. 825 with Auto 
Agitator and Two 
Spray Leads. 

This Pump of Qual= 
is used Throughout 
THE SOUTH. 

Seldom do you purchase a sprayer. 
When you do buy see that you pur- 
chase quality and merit as well as ap- 
pearance. We put the material into 
the pump. Heavy Brass and Iron and 
build it so anyone can repair it 
Spraying is a necessity. So is a good 
pump a necessity. Ask about our 
bunshme" Pump. Free circular and 
price to anyone interested. Address 

THE CRESTLINE MFG. CO., 
Pumps — Sinks — Hose. Crestline, O 



LtGGETl S DUSTER 



Distributes 
Insecticides 
In dust form 
NO WATER TO HAUL. 



LEBGETT'S 
.CHAMPION 

,Dosim 



The Champion 
and Little Giant 

dust potatoes and 
tobacco as fast as 
you walk. These 
are the well- 
known Tobacco 
Dusting Machines 
THE BEETLE 
Potato Duster 
(Horse Power) 
Dusts Four Rows. 
Our illustrated Spray Calendar, 
giving concise information regard- 
ing Dusters and address of nearest 
dealer, mailed on request. 
LEQQETT & BRO., 301 Pearl St, N Y. 




FUMA 



kills Prairie Dogs, Wood- 
chucks, Gophers and 
Grain Insects."The wheels 
of the Gods grind slow, 
but exceedingly small." So the weevil, 
but you can stop their grind with 

FUMA CARBON BI-SULPHIDE 
as others are doing. It fumigates 
poultry houses and kills hen lice. 
Edward R. Taylor, Penn Yan, N. Y. 



FARM USES 

of CARBOLINEUM are completely ex- 
plained Id BULLETIN 2« 
covering Kinds and Habits of Lice — 
The care of Silos, Preservative treat- 
ment of Shingles and Fence posts and 
the care of Fruit and Shade Trees 
Mailed free upon request. 

Endorsed by U. S. Department of 
Agriculture. 

Cnrbollneum Wood Preserving Co., 
34d West Broadway, New York 



best single ear of yellow corn, one- 
ninth to the farmer offering the best 
ten ears of yellow corn, one-ninth to 
the farmer offering the best twenty 
ears of yellow corn. The prizes for 
white ears are in each case double 
those for yellow ears. 

7. In addition there will be a 
special sweepstakes prize for the best 
collection of one, ten and twenty 
ears, white or yellow. This prize 
shall consist of all subscriptions to 
the fund not in the form of cash. At 
present this prize consists of one 
high-grade corn-binder, offered by 
the International Harvester Company, 
and valued at $125. 

8. The winning of one prize does 
not disqualify a competitor from fur- 
ther winnings. One farmer may win 
two or three or all seven of the 
prizes to be awarded. 

The ambition of this paper has 
been to see a Prize Fund raised 
large enough to command the im- 
mediate and lively interest of every 
farmer in Virginia. The larger the 
visible reward the keener the in- 
centive to win it. The same objective 
has made it seem unwise to split the 
total fund up into a large number of 
minor prizes. It is our earnest de- 
sire that general and liberal sub- 
scriptions may run this fund well up 
into the thousands. The purpose of 
it, it seems to us, fully entitles it to 
widespread support. For purposes of 
illustration only, let us suppose that 
the fund amounted to just $900. The 
farmer who produced the best ear of 
white corn would get a prize of $200 
for his trouble. If he could also pro- 
duce the best collection of ten white 
ears, he would get $200 more. If he 
could still further produce the best 
collection of twenty white ears, he 
would annex still another $200. By 
proving himself, in addition, the best 
producer of high-grade yellow corn, 
he could take in the three $100 
prizes in this division, making his 
total winnings $900, to say nothing 
of his chance at the sweepstakes. On 
the other hand, the prizes in sub- 
stantial blocks, magy be distributed 
among seven different farmers. 

A study of these terms will show 
them, we think, to be both fair and 
intelligently calculated to accomplish 
the ends in view. But the complete 
triumph of this plan depends gather 
less on the terms than on the size 
of the inducement toward unusual ex- 
ertion offered to our farmers. This 
is the reason why it rests upon the 
friends of the farmer throughout the 
State, upon public-spirited citizens and 
disinterested editors, to say how 
completely the corn-prize movement 
shall be a success. — Times-Dispatch. 



VIRGINIA STATE FAIR — "THE 
FIRST WEEK IN OCTOBER. 
Editor Southern Planter. — Matters 
pertaining to the several departments 
of the Virginia State Fair, to be held 
'the first week in October" — October 4- 



Roofing 

Before deciding on any roofing, for any pur- 
pose, send for this free book which will (five 
you the inside facts about all roofings — shin- 
gle, tin, tar, iron — and prepared, or "ready" 
roofings. 

This book is fair, frank, comprehensive. 
It tells all about the cost of each kind of roof- 
ing. It tells the advantages and the disad- 
vantages of each. It is a veritable gold mine 
of roofing information. 

The reason we send it free is because it tells 
too, about Ruberoid roofing. 

Since Ruberoid roofing was invented nearly 
twenty years ago, there have sprung up more 
than 300 substitutes. 

These substitutes, before they are laid and 
exposed to the tveather, look like Ruberoid. 
But don't let that deceive you. 

Ruberoid roofing is sun proof, rain proof, 
snow proof, cold proof, weather proof. It 
resists acids, gases and fumes. 

RUBEROID 

(REGISTERED IN U. S. PATENT OFFICE) 

It ib so nearly fireproof that if you drop live coals 
on a Ruberoid roof it will not burn. 

The secret of these wonderful properties of 
Ruberoid roofing lies in the Ruberoid gum— our 
exclusive product. 

No other maker can use this Rubesoid gum— that 
is why no other roofing can possibly be so good as 
Ruberoid. 

Ruberoid is supplied in its natural color, also in 
shades— Red, Green, Brown— suitable for the finest 
homes. And the colors do not wear off or fade, 
because they are part of the roofing— impregnated 
by our exclusive process. 

Get This Free Book 

If you are going to roof, though, learn abont all 
roofs. To gpt our free book, simply write to De- 
partment 30B The Standard Paint Company, 100 
William Street, New York. 



Genasco 
Ready Roofing 

Made of Trinidad Lake Asphalt, 
nature's great weather-resist er. 
For every building- on the farm. 

Every roll guaranteed. Look for the trade- 
mark. Write for samples and Good Roof 
Guide Book. 

THE BARBER ASPHALT 
PAVING COMPANY 

Largest producers of asphalt and largest 
manufacturers of ready roofing in the world. 

PHILADELPHIA 
New York San Francisco Chicago 



A Great Discovery. 
DROPSY 

CURED with vege- 
table remedies; re- 
moves all symptom 
of dropsy in 8 to 20 
days; 30 to 60 days 
effects permanent 
■cure. Trial treat- 
ment furnished free 
to every sufferer; 
nothing fairer. For 
circulars, testi- 
monials and 
free trial treat- 
ment write DR. H. H. GREEN'S SONS, 
Atlanta, Ga. 




STATE NORMAL SCHOOL 

HARRISONRtJRG, VA. 

For the higher education of young 
ladies and the professional training 
of teachers. Location unsurpassed. 
Modern dormitory. Tuition free. Liv- 
ing expenses low. First year begins 
Sept. 28, 1909. Send for illustrated an- 
nouncement to 

Julian A. Burruss, President. 



1909.J 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



617 



BARGAINS IN 

2nd Hand Machinery, 

THE WATT PLOW COMPANY, 
Richmond, Vu. 

1 — S H. P. Gelser Engine and Boiler 
on wheels in first-class condition. 

1 — 10 H. P. Gelser Engine and Boiler 
on -wheels. In fine condition. 

1 — 12 H. P. Ames Engine and Boiler 
on wheels. 

1 — 25 H. P. Detached Engine. 

1— S H. P. Frlck Eclipse Engine and 
Boiler on steel wheels In good con- 
dition. 

1 — 20 H. P. Detached Engine and 1 25 
H. P. Boiler in first-class condition. 

1—20 H. P. Gelser Engine and Boiler 
on wheels and 1 No. 1 Gelser Saw 
Mill with 50-inch saw and all belts. 
This outfit has only been in use for 
about 18 months and is in first- 
class condition. 



-Inch, 4-slded Molder. 

7— 20-lnch Planer, Matcher and Mold- 
er complete wit hcountershaft and 
pulleys. 

We invite your correspondence and 
will gladly give any information de- 
sired. 

1HE WATT PLOW CO., 

1426 E. Main St., Richmond, Va 



3 for $1 

Southern P'anter 
Southern Fruit Grower 
£h Industrious Hen 

These three monthly magazines 
retail for $1.50. "We have a joint ar- 
rangement whereby we can make 
the above offer. Don't fail to take 
advantage of it. 

SOUTHERN PLANTER, 
Richmond, Va. 



Care of the Skin 

A clear healthy skin is a possession highly 
valued, and easily acquired. The one import- 
ant thing is to keep the pores of the skin 
in a healthy condition. This can be done by 
the free use of Heiskell's Medicinal 
Toilet Soap, a combination containing gums 
and herbs of well known medicinal value. It 
is absolutely pure, soothing, healing and 
cleansing in effect, does not over-stimulate 
the skin, but keeps its normal excretory 
powers in healthy condition, thus preventing 
or removing all blemishes such as pimples, 
blackheads, etc , and in their stead impai ting 
a delicate, velvety texture to the skin. Thi: 
soap in connection with Heiskell's Oint- 
ment has remedied some of the worst casei 
of skin disease. At druggists. Soap, 2; 
Cents. Ointmkst, 60 Cents. 

Send postal for copy of a unique booklet of 
general interest. Johnston, Holloway & 
Co., 406 Commerce Street, Philadelphia. 



9, inclusive — are now assuming defl 
nite form, and already plans are be- 
ing drafted, and arrangements made 
to care for largely increased exhibits. 

The purpose and aim of the Asso- 
ciation being to promote and develop 
the resources of the Old Dominion, 
every effort is being made to make 
the classification in the departments 
attractive to our farmers and our ef- 
forts have met with the active co-opei- 
ation of both local organizations ana 
friends as well as Associations out- 
side of the State. The specials offered 
are most attractive — that offered for 
"Corn, for which we are indebted to 
Mr. John Stewart Bryan, (who since 
the • inception of the Fair has been 
unstinting in his efforts to place the 
Fair on the high plane we are en 
deavoring to reach) and other public 
spirited citizens and corporations, now 
exceeds $600, exclusive of the $125 
Corn Binder which the Internationi 
Harvester Company (in addition to 
$100 cash) also offers. This Corn 
Special, classification of which is pub- 
lished in the folder of the Farm 
Products Department, which we will 
gladly mail to all sending their ad- 
dress, provides the largest prizes for 
corn ever hung up in the east. In 
this connection, the Virginia State Fair 
Association desires it expressly under- 
stood that no part of this Special 
v.'ill be deducted by it, and that every 
dollar awarded will be turned over to 
winning exhibitors. 

Among the other special prizes 
which will be offered at the Fair 
may be mentioned that of "the To- 
bacco Trade of Richmond" which of- 
fers $75 as a sweepstakes in the To- 
bacco, section. The Live Stock Asso- 
ciations have been very ltberal in of- 
fering specials, and some include gold 
and silver cups of the Percheron So- 
ciety of America, the Percheron Reg- 
istry Co., the American Hackney 
Horse Society, the American Saddle 
Horse Breeders' Association, the 
American Angora Goat Breeders' 
Association, the American Berkshire 
Assn., and cash prizes of $300 by 
American Short Horn Breeders' Assn, 
$300 by Red Polled Cattle Club of 
America ($100 for milkers); $200 by 
American Aberdeen Angus Assn.; 
$200 by, American Hereford Cattle 
Breeders' Assn.; and others to be 
enumerated later. 

We desire to take this opportunity 
of assuring your readers, and all 
others, that we desire exhibits from 
one and all and urge upon each to 
send the best of the products of his 
farm, both animal and agricultural,- — 
the best of care will be taken to en- 
sure satisfactory results — come to the 
Fair and reap the harvest of gain 
and information to be derived from 
comparing his productions with 
those of agriculturalists and breeders 
of other communities. Everyone 
may rest assured of spending "the 
first week in October" at the Virginia 
State Fair, and going home, enter- 




Eureka"Oil and see how 
elastic harness thread be- 
comes and how well it re- 
sists wear. Ask your dealer 
for Eureka Harness Oil. 

STANDARD OIL COMPANY 
(Incorporated) 



FIRST NATIONAL BANK 

Richmond, Va. 

A strong, conservative, well-man- 
aged Institution. A safe depository 
for all classes of customers. 



Capital 

Surplus, 

Deposits, 



91,000,000.00 

800,000.00 

0,000,000.00 



JOHN B. PURCEIili, President. 

JNO. M. MILLER, Jr., Vlce-Prea. 

and Cashier. 

A Savings Department for the 
Thrifty. 



FARMERS 

Insure Your Buildings, Live Stock, 

Produce, Etc., in Virginia Division, 

FARMERS' MUTUAL BENEFIT 

ASSOCIATION. 

Best security. Property Insured 
1500,000. Average cost per $1,000 per 
year, $5.00. Territory limited to coun- 
ties of Chesterfield, Amelia, Powhatan, 
Nottoway, Dinwiddie, Prince George, 
Surry, Charles City, New Kent and 
James City. For plan and membership 
write to 

CHARLES N. FRIEND, General Agent, 

CHESTER, VA. 

Organized January 9, 1899. 



"PRACTICAL FARMING" 

Prof. W. F. Massey's latest and best 
book is now on sale. It retails for 
$1.50, and is worth it. We shall be 
very pleased to send you a copy at 
above price and will Include a year's 
subscription to The Southern Planter. 
Remember, we deliver the book and 
give you a whole year's subgscrlptlon 
for the price of the book, $1.50. 
SOUTHERN PLANTER, Richmond. Va. 




FENCE] 



STRONGEST 
MADE. Bun. 

strong chlck- 
en-tlght Sold to the user at Wholesale 
Prices. We Pay Freight. Catalogue free. 

COILED SPRING FENCE CO., 
Box 63 Winchester, Indiana. 



618 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER 



[June, 



AGRICULTURAL 
LIME. 

PLAIN ROCK 

OR 

SHELL LIME 



BAGS OB BULK 



SPECIAL FINE HYDRATED LIME 

FOB DRILLING. 

If in the malket for any grade and 
any quantity of 

LAUD LIME 

Write for our price list and particulars. 

T. C. ANDREWS & CO., Inc. 



NORFOLK, 



VA. 



Nitrate of Soda 

In Original Bags 

NITRATE AGENCIES COMPANY 

64 Stone Street, New York 

Keyser Building, Baltimore, Md. 

36 Bay Street, East, Savannah, Ga. 

305 Baronne Street, New Orleans, La. 

140 Dearborn Street, Chicago, 111. 
1103 Temple Bldg., Toronto, Canada 

San Jose, Cal. 
321 Stimson Block, Los Angeles, Cal. 
603-4 Oriental Block, Seattle, Wash. 



ROCK PHOSPHATE 

The great aoil builder; very finely 
ground; higher in phosphoric acid than 
bone and at one-third the cost. Un- 
equalled for mixing with barnyard 
manure or direct application. For 
prices write 

FARMERS' UNION PHOSPHATE CO., 
Hills In Tenn. Birmingham, Ala. 



THE FAMOUS IRON PEA 

Matures pods in 60 days. Will not 
shed foliage which, when cut, makes 
the very best hay. Have planted them 
20 years and never had a complete 
failure. Plant any time. Sure to be a 
stand when it rains if ground Is warm. 
Bushel, $2; pound 25c. postpaid. 
J. C. FOWKE, Baldock, S. O. 



VtRGINia HUCK BASKETS. 

The only safe package for Huckle- 
berries. Send for catalogues and 
prices. 

SOUTH SIDE MFG. CO., 
Petersburg, Va. 

Tell the advertiser where you saw 
his advertisement. 



tained instructed and invigorated and 
in better shape to take up and solve 
the problem of increased production 
and the restoration and adaptation of 
the lands of our beloved Old Domin- 
ion. 

MARK R. LLOYD, 

Richmond, Va. Gen'l Manager. 

We would add to this an invitation 
to all our readers to look up the ad- 
vertisements in this and the last two 
issues of The Planter, which give par- 
ticulars of the premiums offered for 
farm and garden products, and at 
once arrange to grow crops to com- 
pete for these premiums and select 
the live stock to be entered for com- 
petition. We are most anxious that 
the farm and garden products of the 
State should be one of the great fea- 
tures of ine Fair, and thus advertise 
the possibilities of our land and lead 
to an influx of settlers. In the live 
stock department we can compete 
with the best in the country and our 
breeders should see to it that this is 
done and thus put on record that the 
State is now a live stock StcitG "witli 
all that this means for its increasing 
prosperity.— Ed. 



HORSE NOTES. 



By W. J. Carter, ("Broad Rock") 
Affairs pertaining to the Virginia 
State Fair Association are progressing 
most favorably and the management 
looks forward to the largest and fin- 
est exhibit of Virginia's agricultural, 
mineral and mechanical products ever 
seen during the week of Oetober 4-9, 
when the annual fair and race meet- 
ing takes place. Purses and premiums 
in most of the departments have been 
enlarged and new classes added, 
while the exhibit of live stock in par- 
ticular will likely surpass even the 
splendid exhibits that have been such 
pronounced features since our State 
Fair was opened in 1906. It is the 
earnest with of President Fairfax and 
his associates on the Board that it be 
regarded as a State Fair in every par- 
ticular and that suggestions and gen- 
erous support may be received from 
every section of Virginia. The speed 
program will be made an attractive 
one and will doubtless appeal to 
many, as while racing is not to he 
taken as the most important feature 
of the Fair, still it is one of those 
ever looked forward to with relish 
and that furnishes a lot of sport and 
diversion to those interested in high- 
bred horses. The card for this fall 
will be made up of early closing 
purses of $1,000 each for the 2:16 and 
2:24 classes, trotting, and the 2:14 
and 2:20 classes pacing, while an at- 
tractive list of open classes will be an- 
nounced later. The runners will also 
be well taken care of and purses of 
sufficient size offered to attract some 
of the best steeplechase horses and 
performers on the flat to be seen on 
the prominent race tracks of the 
country. The race committee is made 
up of J. T. Anderson, chairman; 



Rippley's 
Fly Remover 




instantly removes all 
flies,mosquitoes, lice and 
other insects from cattle, 
horses and other animals 
sprayed with it. It is 
healing to any sore. Ani- 
mals rest easy and feed 
quietly all day. Cows 
give M more milk, which 
isabigsaving. lgal.will 
protect 600 cows. Money 
refunded if animals are 
not protected. Endorsed 
by the best class of peo- 
ple. Order at once and 
secure agency, you can sell hundreds of gallons 
1 gal. $1.10; 2 gal., $2.10; 6 gal., U 50; 10 gal.. $9.00. 
Rippley's Special Sprayer for applying same, M.: 
4 gal. Compressed Air Sprayer for applying same 
on large herds, 85.00 
The Rippley Hardware Co., 

Gentlemen :— For three years I have been experimenting with 
different things to keep flies off my cowb, but not until F tried 
your Fly Remover and Compressed Air Sprayer was I successful. 
I used this last year and found that it cost less than 'one cent per 
week per cow. With your Compressed Air Sprayer it takes but 
a few minutes to put it on, and the result has been that my cows 
were free from flies, and during the year gave 6400 pounds of 
milk each, which made324poundsof butter per cow. 1 can hearts 

ily recommend it to all stock owners JOHN ARMSTRONG, 

l'rest. State Board of Agriculture, De Smet, S. D., June -1, 1901.' 

RIPPLEY HARDWARE CO., Box V, GRAFTON, ILL. 

Manufacturers of Breeders Supplies. 



r\ K ICV CI V VII I CD placed anywhere, at. 
D AID I f L. I IS.lL.l-JC.rc. tractsand kills all flies. 
. Neat, clean, ornamen- 
tal, convenient, cheap. 
Lasts all season. 
Made of metal, cannot 
spill or tip over, will not 
soil or injure anything. 
Guaranteed elective. 
Of all dealers or sent 
prepaid for 20 cents. 
HAROLD SOMERS 
ISO DeKalb Ave. 
Brooklyn, N, y. 




SOUTHERN 

POULTRY 

GUIDE 



This is Cal Husselman's great 
Poultry Book, Just off preaa. It 
Is freely Illustrated with num- 
erous useful and handy home- 
made accessories to the poultry 
business. It contains hla 40 
years' experience as a poultryman 
It Is the best poultry book ever 
printed and Just what you want. 
It contains more plain, every- 
day common sense about the 
chicken business than you ever 
read. 120 pp., cloth bound. PrlocT 
We will almost give it to you. 
Just send $1 and we will enter 
your order for the book and 
throw In a year's subscription to 
The Southern Planter. 

SOUTHERN PLANTER, 
Richmond Va. 



A Neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 30 cents. Address 
our Business Department. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHEEH" PLANTEE. 



619 



CLAUDE G. STEPHENSON 

VIRGINIA PROPERTIES 

HERNDON, VIRGINIA 

STOCK FARMS 

In the beautiful blue grass region of Loudoun. Best of soil; best of grass; best of water. Best of communi- 
ties; best of improvements; best of schools. The ideal stock country. The ideal "home" country. 

Most accessible of good properties. Most convenient to the real markets of the East — Washington, Balti- 
more, Philadelphia and New York. 

Specialty of farms and estates in the counties of Loudoun and Fairfax. Best of land, fertile, rolling and 
well drained. No swamps and no malnrin. Communities made up of intelligent and prosperous people. 

Herndon is the center of the dairy interests of Northern Virginia. It is located on the Bluemont Division 
of the Southern Railway, only twenty- seven miles from Washington, D. C. 




Dwelling on Blue Grass Farm No. 301. 

No. 301. — A beautiful blue grass farm, in the very best of communitie 
Loudoun county, Virginia. Over 100 acres of splendidly productive land wh 
corn. Well fenced; ample timber lot; well watered; some fruit. The dwell 
brick, with modern improvements, and in fine condition. Situated on a beau 
are barns and all necessary farm buildings, and in good condition. Only 2 
road, by the very best of country roads. Schools and churches within a qu 
one of the most attractive properties to be found in a charming neigh 
the owners prosperous, intelligent and refined. Less than fifty miles fro 
and direct railroad service to the Union Station. 

No. 302. — A fine blue grass farm of over 300 acres; fair improvements; 
per acre. 

No. 303. — A small Loudoun county farm, about 80 acres; 7-room frame 
Only two miles from large town on the railroad. If sold at once, $2,600. 



s, in the famous blue grass region of 
ich makes from 60 to 80 bushels of 
ing is a large old fourteen-room 
tiful lawn with splendid shade. There 
% miles from a good town on the rail- 
arter of a mile. This is naturally 
borhood, where every farm is good and 
m Washington, D. C., with frequent 

best of soil. A bargain; only $27.50 

house and necessary farm buildings. 



CLAUDE Q. STEPHENSON, 



Virginia 
Properties, 



HERNDON, VA. 



620 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



RARE BARGAINS 

IN 

Ngrth^nV^gmiaFMn^ 

A Few Specimens: 

No. 172. Contains 315 acres — 40 acres 
in oak and hickory timber; 5 mile» 
from station, situated near the village; 
considered one of the best wheat and 
grain farms in Fairfax county. The 
land is a little rolling; machinery can 
be run all over it. The land is all in 
good state of cultivation; well fenced 
and watered by springs and running 
streams. Improvements are a good 7- 
room house with elegant shade, good 
stable and all out-houses in good re- 
pair. Price $20 per acre. 

No. 194. Contains 175 acres, 25 acre* 
In good timber, balance is cleared, 8 
acres in orchard in full bearing, go»d 
six-room house, old barn, good gran- 
ary, hen houses, dwelling in a grand 
oak shaded lawn, spring at house, 
farm watered by streams and springs, 
situated on good pike. One hour', 
drive from Leesburg, Va. Owner is 
anxious to sell. Price $3,500. 

No. 208 — 600 acres Loudoun Blue 
Grass land, 8-room brick house, In good 
repair, farm well fenced, elegantly 
watered, excellent bank barn, good or- 
chard, fine timber. Price $25.00 per 
acre. 

No 201 — 406 acres, Loudoun Blue 
Grass farm 8-room brick and frame 
dwelling, elegant repairs, excellent 
barn 40x100, water in every field, well 
fenced, good orchard. Price $10,500. 

No. 202—475 acres, Blue Grass land, 
small 5-room house, land Is good, well 
fenced, excellent water, good small or- 
chard, excellent situation, but build- 
ings are only fair condition. Price, 
$9,000. 

No. 209. — 206 acres, beautiful little 
Loudoun County farm, 6-room dwell- 
ing, beautiful shaded lawn, water In 
all fields, good fences, land is smooth 
and level, good barn and outbuildings. 
Price $6,500. 

No. 210. — 273 acres, Loudoun blue 
grass land, well located in grazing 
section, excellent orqhard, well wat- 
ered, 6-room house and outbuilding* 
In fair condition. Price $13.50 per acre. 



Leigh R. Page, Jr., and W. J. Carter, 
with Mark R. Lloyd, as race secre- 
tary and general manager of the Fair. 



"Write for complete description ol 
these properties and Catalogue of 
other places. 

Wm. Eads Miller, 

HERND0N, VA. 



The Hon. Westmoreland Davis 
came down from Leesburg and served 
both as one of the judges oi show 
horses and as a steward of The 
Jockey Club at the spring meeting of 
the Virginia Horse Show and Racing 
Association, at Richmond, on May 15, 
17 and 18. Mr. Davis offered some in- 
teresting comment on the situation 
pertaining to racing and the inter- 
ests of the thoroughbred horse in 
general. He is inclined to view mat- 
ters in a more favorable light than 
some others interested in racing and 
breeding, and believes that the de- 
pression now existing is most likely 
to be followed by a healthy reaction 
and that' the sport will be conducted 
along lines imbued with a greater de- 
gree of sentiment than for some time 
past. 

Mr. Davis is Chairman of the Hunts 
Committee of the National Hunt and 
Steeplechase Association, and by his 
counsels has exercised a strong in- 
fluence in adjusting affairs that other- 
wise might have resulted in friction 
of a pronounced sort with the Jockey 
Club. 

Mr. Davis owns Morven Park, which 
not only is one of the show places of 
Loudoun county, but one of the finest 
and most highly improved estates in 
all Virginia. Harness horses, Guern- 
sey cattle, Yorkshire hogs and Dorset 
sheep are bred at Morven Park. Both 
Mr. and Mrs. Davis ride to hounds 
and take an active part in the affairs 
of the Loudoun County Hunt Club. 
The stable of hunters includes horses 
of real class, and are selected by the 
master of Morven Park, who is at 
home in the saddle and an ardent 
devotee of cross-country riding. 



With the seven-year-old bay gelding, 
Alto Down, 2:17 1-4, a product of the 
Vendome Stock Farm, San Jose, Cal., 
S. E. Earing, of Montezuma Farm, 
this city, carried off the blue ribbon 
in the roadster class on Monday at the 
Virginia Racing and Horse Show 
meeting. There were ten entries in 
the class, including some of the best 
roadsters in Richmond, but the bay 
gelding from the Pacific slope, well 
handled by Blanchard Forbes, was 
awarded first prize after mature de- 
liberation on the part of the judges. 
This horse was sired by Iran Alto, 
dam Elsie Downs, by Boodle, and was 
purchased only a few weeks since by 
Earing, who campaigned the bay 
gelding over the half-mile tracks of 
the East in 1907 and won some good 
races with him. Alto Down is now in 
Earing's stable, who will race him 
again this season. 



SELECT OFFERINGS IN 

VIRGINIA REAL ESTATE 

$12,000 

Contains 200 acres, 60 acres in oak 
and hickory timber, balance in grass, 
small portion under cultivation, lies 
well up and is gently rolling soil, clay 
loam with clay subsoil — watered with 
live streams which are fed by springs 
— driven well and windmill at dwelling 
place is well fenced. Is situated right 
on macadamized road, % of a mile 
from railway station and runs up to 
corporation limits of a town of about 
2,000 inhabitants and about 30 miles 
from "Washington City. 

IMPROVEMENTS. — New dwelling, 10 
rooms, one bath room, cellar, two 
large porches, hardwood floors, up and 
down stairs, hot and cold water to top 
of house. Is well elevated, affords a 
splendid view of mountains, large 
lawn, delightful shade. New barn — 
main building is 40x70 feet, two wings 
30x48 feet each and is two stories 
throughout, hay fork, covered barn 
yard 40x50 feet, hydrant in barn, crib, 
smoke and corn nouses are among the 
outbuildings. Barn was designed to 
meet requirements of D. C. Health De- 
partment for dairy business. 

Owner is anxious to sell. 

$45 00 Per Acre. 

Contains 825 acres, 3% miles from 
railway station, right on metal road, 
300 acres in virgin oak, right at foot 
of Bull Run Mountains, balance In 
grass and under cultivation. Large por- 
tion in Blue Grass meadows. Public 
roads on three sides, well fenced, 
woven wire and stone fencing, locust 
posts. 

IMPROVEMENTS. — Thirteen-room 
mansion, two bath rooms, out kitchen, 
pantry, two servants' rooms, cellar un 
der entire house, handsome cabinet 
mantels in all rooms, open grates, two 
porches, large lawn and 120-ft. avenue 
*4 mile in length leading to road; 
avenue and lawn delightfully shaded. 
Foreman's house, 6 rooms, four cabins, 
3 rooms each; large bank barn, 60x90 
feet, large horse barn, 6 box stalls 
about 30x40 feet. Carriage house with 
five stalls for horses attached, harness 
rooms, two chicken houses, hog houses, 
corn crib with capacity for about 1,000 
barrels, nothing could be added to this 
place that would be necessary. All Im- 
provements are in perfect condition and 
have been recently painted. 

Send for my catalogue of Grain and 
Grass Farms. 

GEORGE W. SUMMERS, 
Sterling, Va. 



In the stable of his owner, Col. 
G. Percy Hawes, at 29th and Dock 
streets, Richmond, Va. Longlane. 
thoroughbred son of Longstreet and 



Convenient To 
RICHMOND AND WASHINGTON. 

Virginia FARMS 

Best Railroad Service and Climate. 

227 A. — Beautiful location, two 
miles from Ashland, $5,500. 

75 A. — Dwelling, barn, store and 
orchard, 8 miles from Ashland, 
best neighborhood, $1,500. 

100 A. — % mile from Doswell, 
county road front, $1,000. 

FRANK H COX 

Ashland, Hanover Co., Va. 



REAL ESTATE FOR SALE. 

From the Mountains to the Ocean. 
Catalogue free. Loans made on farms- 
Established 1875. 

GEO. E. CRAWFORD & CO., 
1009 E. Main Street, 

RICHMOND, VA. 
Branch, Norfolk, Va. 



I90y. 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



G21 



Highland Lassie, is doing nicely; in 
fact, the grand looking bay stallion 
never seemed more vigorous or im- 
pressive in appearance than during 
the present season. A horse of splen- 
did size and symetrical proportions, 
no stallion in the land has better 
manners or is kinder or more sensi- 
ble than this big, fine looking scion 
of the famous Longfellow family. In 
classes for thoroughbred stallions at 
the Virginia State Fair in 1906, 1907, 
and 1908, Longlane was awarded first 
prize in large fields and should Col. 
Hawes show him again this fall other 
owners will find the bay stallion a 
hard horse to beat. His breeding is of 
the sort to attract attention on both 
sides, seeing that his sire was Long- 
street and his dam Highland Lassie, 
69 imp. Highlander, from Algebra, by 
Abel Kader and she out of the won- 
derful race mare and producer, Nina, 
dam of Planet, by Boston. Longlane 
is used under saddle and driven on 
the road almost daily and few stal- 
lions so well known have been seen 
on the streets of Richmond. . 



The Albemarle Horse Show Asso- 
ciation, with headquarters at Char- 
lottesville, has been, since its organ- 
ization, one of the most important 
members of the Virginia horse show 
circuit. Charlottesville is the county 
seat of Albemarle, and the center of 
an important breeding and grazing 
district, important factors in contrib- 
uting to the success of the horse show. 

Men of prominence in the commun- 
ity direct affairs of the Charlottes- 
ville show, and those in charge in- 
clude: J. Anderson Chisholm, presi- 
dent; L. T. Hanckel, Sr., first vice- 
president; John F. Payne, second 
vice-president; J. W. Garnett, third 
vice-president; F. H. Trieber, secre- 
tary; A. V. Conway, treasurer; Joel 
M. Cochran, manager. Directors — J. 
B. Andrews, Reuben Maury, R. W. 
Holsinger, E. S. Johnson, George B. 
Goodyear, H. E. Magruder, R. L. Val- 
entine, H. M. Lewis, A. B. Hancock, 
W. R. Duke and W. L. Carpenter. 



Holt S. Lloyd, of Richmond, has 
been engaged as general manager of 
the Danville Fair Association, re- 
cently organized at Danville, Va., and 
will take charge at once. Mr. Lloyd 
is the younger brother of Mark R. 
Lloyd, general manager and assistant 
secretary of the Virginia State Fair 
Association. 



Weyauwega, Wis., Dec. 6, 1907. 
Johnson & Field Mfg. Co., 

Gentlemen: — I have tried the mill 
and it is as good as it can be made 
as it will grade wheat in good shape. 
Had wheat and oats mixed up and it 
took out most of the oats. Am well 
satisfied with it. You said in your 
letter that you paid the freight 500 
miles but you did not pay it on my 
mill so please let me know, the 
freight was $1.15. 

GBO. E. PASCHKE, 



The Oldest Established Agency in Northern Virginia 

FARMS = NEAR = WASHINGTON 

2j. 227 acres close to pike, 5 miles from railroad over macadam road 
most of way; about 100 acres in white oak, hickory and cedar. Land rolling 
and easy to work; land adjoining is selling as high as $45 per acre. Land will 
be worth from $15 to $20 after the timber Is taken off. Price only $25 per 
acre. $3,000 down, balance to suit. Bargain. 

30. 135-acre dairy farm on railroad, close to station, in Loudoun county; 
lias been a dairy farm for twenty years. The owner, on account of old 
age, offers to sell everything, including ten good cows, five horses, all farm 
Implements and crops for about $8,50 0. There are stanchions for twenty 
cows in new barn, recently built, according to health regulations. The land 
is under a high state of cultivation, fine fruit, lasting stream running through 
place, 7-room house and all necessary outbuildings. The farm and crops, If 
sold at once, $7,000. Bargain. 

33. 99 acres two miles from station on pike in Loudoun county, in high 
state of cultivation. Seven-room house, fine stream and well; barn that cost 
$1,000, good outbuildings. Price, $7,500. Would exchange for a first-class 
flour-mill on rail in good section. 

3b. 82 acres 1% miles from Southern Railway, in Loudoun county. Eight 
acres in timber, good clay soil, springs and streams, good house of 8 rooms, 
with fruit and shade trees, good barn and necessary outbuildings. A good 
farm and a bargain. "We think $6,000 will buy it. On easy terms. 

41. 264 acres, four miles from station, in Loudoun county. Thirty acres 
in timber, artesian well, three never-failing springs; 7-room house, barn and 
outbuildings fair. A fine stock farm, paying 12 per cent, on investment, in 
high state of cultivation. Price, $6,500; $2,500 down, balance to suit. 

42. 323 acres, in the best section of Loudoun county, surrounded by 
high priced and beautiful farms, 7 miles from railroad, one mile from fine pike, 
one mile from post-office and 2 miles from school; 60 acres in timber, well 
fenced, and divided into nine fields, with water in every field — large stream 
through place. Two good houses, one of 7 rooms and the other of 5 rooms; 
fine tenant house of 4 rooms, 2 new barns, one 35x45, the other 30x40; all 
necessary outbuildings in good condition. This is a fine blue grass stock 
farm, and the biggest bargain we have. Price, $6,500; $2,000 down, balance to 
suit. 

45. 93 acres 1% miles from station and town, 27 miles from Washing- 
ton, in Fairfax county. 18 acres in oak timber, rest mostly in grass; heavy 
clay soil, in a good state of cultivation. Nine-room house in good condition, 
with cellar; well at door, pretty lawn, plenty of shade, first-class barn, with 
basement for 25 head of cattle. Barn is supplied with water from a very fine 
spring. All kinds of fruit, carriage house, corn shed, ice-house, hennery, etc. 
The property is now being operated as a dairy farm. This is an ideal 
home, and a good investment. Price, $8,000; $3,000 down, balance to suit. 
44. 277 acres in good state of cultivation, just rolling enough; in a good 
neighborhood, 5 miles from railroad, in Loudoun county. 70 acres in timber, 
mostly oak; part of it first class; faces on two roads; has been operated as 
a cattle, sheep and hog farm for 25 years. On account of old age the owner 
is offering his farm for much less than its true value; is well fenced, two 
houses in first-class condition, one 10 -room house, the other six rooms. 
Large barn and all necessary outbuildings. Price, $8,000. One-third down, 
balance to suit. This is one of the biggest bargains I have. 

50. 171% acres, 3% miles from railroad, in Loudoun county, in high 
state of cultivation. Good house, large new barn; half mile from village. 
This farm is being operated as a stock farm. The owner wishes to sell and 
buy a smaller place. It is -well located and surrounded by highly improved 
farms and the best of neighbors. Price $53 per acre, on easy terms. Bargain. 
64..469 acres in Fairfax county, 5 miles from railroad, 7 miles from elec- 
tric line; 200 acres in timber, mostly oak, balance in crops and grass, crops 
to go to purchaser; clay soil, just rolling enough to drain well. Two houses 
and two barns; new house of 8 rooms, old house of 5 rooms. Including stock, 
farm, implements, crops and everything. Price $11,000, on very easy terms. 
Make us an offer. 

71. 200 acres, one mile from railroad and town, on macadamized road, 
27 miles from Washington; 130 acres under cultivation, balance in valuable 
timber, well fenced, stream running through place, two wells, wind-mill fur- 
nishes water for house and barn. Attractive 9-room house in first-class con- 
dition, with new modern improvements; beautiful fireplace in dining-room; 
well situated with nice lawn and plenty of shade and beautiful view. Tenant 
house, large modern barn recently built, and all other necessary outbuildings. 
In good neighborhood, where property is being bought up rapidly. Cne of 
the most desirable farms in this section. Price, $15,000. Terms, $3,500 down, 
balance on easy terms. Make us an offer on this place. 

77. 300 acres. 3 miles from railroad, in Loudoun county, in a high state 
of cultivation, well fenced, plenty of fruit, running streams and springs; on 
pike, fine, large Colonial house, lawn and shade, large new barn with base- 
ment, necessary outbuildings. This is considered one of the best stock farms 
in the country, and a bargain. Price, $64 per acre; $60 has been offered 
for this place; worth $100, on easy terms. 

82. 800 acres in Prince William county, 35 miles from Washington, 1% 
miles from railroad; convenient to churches, school, mill, etc.; all fenced; 
400 acres in timber, 400 acres of good grass land, especially suited for stock 
or dairying; smooth and free from rocks, borders on stream, 9 fields well wa- 
tered, small orchard. Excellent residence, beautifully situated in 8 acres of 
lawn; 2-story frame with hall in middle, hot and cold water in pantry, bath- 
room with all modern improvements. Good 2-story frame servants' house 
nearby. Fair barn, 52x30, and all necessary outbuildings. Bored well and 
also wind-mill with two large storage tanks, and cistern. 7-room tenant 
house, with barn, well and outbuilding's. This desirable farm has just been 
>ut in my hands for sale. Price only $25 per acre for whole; oV will sell a 
■art at price, according to location, improvements, etc. One-third down, bal- 
ance on easy terms. 

88. 841 acres 5 miles from Herndon, over good roads; one mile from 

>ike; 200 acres in timber, part of it extra good; land rolling and well drained; 

onvenient to schools, churches, stores, etc. Three sets of buildings, two 

houses, barn, etc. In good condition. This place is especially adapted to 

stock raising, and is cheap at $23 per acre. $6,500 down, balance to suit. 

SEND FOR NEW SPRING LIST. 
A. H. Bl'ELL, Real Estate Broker, HERNDON VA. 



622 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



| CRITTENDEN'S 

VIRGINIA 

Real Estate 

and 

Loans Office i 



Unimproved land at $10. Im- 
proved lands at $25 per acre and 
upwards. Loudoun is not the 
Best County in the State; but it 
is better than the REST in many 
respects. 

If you wish to locate a home, 
or buy any other property, ad- 
vise me as to your wants and I 
Will send you SPECIAL, DE- 
SCRIPTIONS that will please 
you. All Propositions Guaran- 
teed as Represented. 

DeL S. CRITTENDEN, 

Ashburn, Loudoun County, Va. 



— FARMS — 



IN 



Southside Virginia 



$10.00 to $30.00 per acre. 

With buildings, fruit, timber, 
good water, best markets. Level 
land, productive soil. 

Write for our Real Estate Herald 
with map and full information. 

PYLB & COMPANY, Inc. 

Petersburg, Virginia. 



THE PENINSULA SECTION 

Our farmers made $100 per acre clear 

from early potato crop season of 1908. 

This is the coming section. Write us. 

PIEDMONT AND TIDEWATER IiAND 

COMPANY (Inc.), 

Box P, Williamsburg, Va. 

FARMS. 
Mineral and Timber Lands. 

Free list on application. 

W. A. PARSONS & CO., 

1527 E. Main St., Richmond, Va. 

Davis Hotel Bldg. 

Tell the advertiser where vou saw 
his advertisement. 



STRENGTHEN ANIMAL 
DIGESTION. 

If the right, way to feed cattle was 
thoroughly drilled into the conscious 
ness of every farmer in the country, 
there would be less groaning about 
"hard times" and "poor luck." 

There is no such thing as hard 
times to the farmer whose system of 
feeding is right. Cattle raising and 
feeding, as conducted on a good many 
farms, needs some new ideas infused 
into it — that's all. Men who fail 
practice old time methods; men who 
succeed follow "The Dr. Hess Idea," 
which shows plainly that the key to 
the whole situation is good animal 
digestion. 

This is a new and common-sense 
solution of an old difficulty. A steer 
getting double rations, day after day 
for weeks, can't be expected to 
"stand up" under it and "finish" good 
and plump and hearty, without his 
over-loaded stomach has assistance. 

Think of yourself a moment — how 
you feel after a specially heavy meal 
— and then think of the results like- 
ly to follow a continued course of 
such feasting. You couldn't stand it; 
neither can the steer. 

Is it any wonder, then, that many 
a feeder who starts out witn a fine 
bunch of stock and good prospects of 
a high market, finds himself, later on, 
face to face with an almost ruinous 
loss, and all because this truth which 
nature and observation should have 
taught him, has been disregarded? 

Experience is a good teacher, 
though sometimes a hard one. It's 
better to take the "ounce of preven- 
tion than the pound of cure;" hence 
the object of this article is to show 
plainly where the preventive and rem- 
edy lies. 

"The Dr. Hess Idea" tells us (and 
it was all proved by careful experi- 
ment long ago) that suitable tonics, 
such as are found in the Dr. Hess 
Stock Food, are absolutely essential to 
health in a fatting steer or in a cow 
forced to a maximum milk yield. 
Without such an easy and natural as- 
sistant, a break down will come. With 
these elements (iron, nitrates and 
bitter tonics) given daily in the grain 
ration, health, good appetite, and 
steady growth and fattening follow 
as a conseouence. 



USEFUL HINTS ON SILO BUILD- 
ING. 

Leading authorities on dairying are 
frequently called upon to give advice 
and suggestions on the subject of silos 
and silo building. Just now, espec- 
ially, there is a great deal of discus- 
sion as to which silo really is best — 
which one will keep ensilage sweet 
until it is used — and it is not at all 
surprising that various opinions should 
be expressed on the subject. 

It is the belief and experience of 
many who are in a position to know, 
that for durability, and satisfactory re- 
sults no type of silo can surpass the 




THIS BEAUTIFUL HOME 

CAN BE BUILT FOR LESS THAN $500 

complete when our simplified plans of 
construction are followed. The above 
price covers cost of all material and 
labor for completed house, ready to 
move into. We furnish complete blue- 
prints and bill of materials for $5.00, 
securely packed in mailing tube, post- 
paid. Circular showing floor plans and 
dimensions sent on request. Write to- 
day and save half the cost of a new 
house. 

UNIVERSAL PUBLISHING COMPANY, 
Roanoke, Va. 

MARYLAND 

AND 

VIRGINIA 

FARMS NEAR WASHINGTON. 

Unsurpassed as money-makers; beat 
place on earth for farmers, dairymen, 
stockmen or poultrymen; mild climate, 
best markets in country; highest 
prices; no such word as "Fail" for in- 
dustrious man. Big bargains here now. 
3,500 places to select from. Catalogue 
free. 
THE SOULE CO., Washington, D. O. 

Largest Farm Dealers In the South. 



FARMS 

For Sale. 



If you want a farm to raise grass, 
grain, stock, fruit or tobacco, buy 
from us. Chocolate soil with red 
subsoil. Address 

W. XV. BARNES A CO., 

LAND AND TIMBER AGENTS, 

Amelia Courthouse, Va. 



Old Virginia Farms. 

Climate and Productiveness unex- 
celled. Largest sale list in the State. 
For full particulars and Free Cata- 
logue address 

CASSELMAN & COMPANY, 
RICHMOND, VA. 



Virginia Farms 

MOST SELECT LIST, and in all sec- 
tions of the State. 

FREE CATALOGUE. 
S. D. GHAFFIN & CO. Inc. 

Richmond, Va. 

Please mention the Southern Planter. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



623 



round wooden style, made preferably 
from seasoned white hemlock, white 
pine or cypress. 

Bearing these facts in mind, many 
of our readers will be glad to take ad- 
vantage of the opportunity to write 
for the catalogue of the Harder Mfg. 
Company, whose advertisement ap- 
pears in this issue. This company 
has been building silos for more than 
twelve years, and the practical knowl 
edge gained from their experience 
entitles them to the serious considera- 
tion of every farmer and dairyman. 

All Harder Silos are erected in the 
factory and the sections are numbered 
carefully, so that the setting up on 
the farm is a very simple matter. 
They are made of choice selected and 
seasoned lumber, and the system of 
doors employed renders them practi- 
cally air-tight. 

The Harder Catalogue is a very in- 
teresting work, dealing not only with 
the deta.-s 01 silo building as this 
Company applies them, but illustrating 
silo filling machinery and containing, 
in addition, numerous facts of general 
interest to all milk producers. A 
copy will be mailed on request to 
anyone addressing the Harder Mfg. 
Company, Cobleskill, N. K. 



A HOT SUMMER ON THE WAY. 

As the balmy spring days swing by, 
one by one, and the coming of sum- 
mer is heralded by an occasional hot 
day, it all serves as a reminder of 
the heat of previous summers and of 
the fact that no matter how hot the 
coming summer may be, there will be 
the usual work to do in the kitchen. 

In homes where the work is done on 
a hot coal or wood stove, the situa- 
tion is a particularly trying one — as 
it means added heat and discomfort 
— to say nothing of the trouble of car- 
rying coal, wood and ashes; of having 
to wait for the fire to get started; and 
of having to keep it going when not 
actually needed. 

But there is now a way by which 
all this unnecessary discomfort and 
trouble can be easily avoided — a way 
by which the cooking, baking, wash 
ing and ironing may be done without 
having an extra degree of heat in the 
kitchen. This happy result, it is 
claimed, may be accomplished with 
the New Perfection Wick Blue Flame 
Oil Cook Stove, a cook stove so con- 
structed that all the heat is concen- 
trated in the cooking, baking, in the 
heating of the irons and wash boiler, 
without being thrown off into the 
room to make an unbearably hot tern 
perature. 

Besides this great feature of com- 
fort, the convenience must also be con- 
sidered; and it is here, too, that the 
"New Perfection" excels the coal and 
wood stove. It is ready for business 
the moment the match is applied; it 
can be turned 'low," "medium" or 
"high" at will, or, if required, three 
different sized flames can be had at 
the same time. 



JOHN F. JERMAN 

HEADQUARTERS FOR 

VIRGINIA PROPERTY 

Main Office, Fairfax, Va.; Branch Office, Vienna and 1310 I St., IV. W., Wash, D. C. 

If you want to buy a grain, dairy, fruit, truck, poultry or blue grass farm, 
city or village property, it will pay you to send for 80-page catalog. It is full 
of bargains. It contains all kinds of business propositions. It will pay you to 
buy a farm near the capitol, where you have good markets, and the benefit 
of steam and electric R. R. service. 

My catalog is free to you. 

I am always ready to show property, and try to help my clients make a 
good investment. 

My Motto Is "Honesty and Pair Dealings." 



Farms Listed and Sold. 



List Your Farm With Us. 



THE 



MIDDLE ATLANTIC IMMIGRATION GO. 

Offices: — Cartersvllle, Va., Richmond, Va. 

REAL ESTATE INSURANCE 

Especial Facilities for locating settlers. Send for farm list and other in- 



formation. 



Farms in Northern Virqinia 

DAIRY, GRAIN, STOCK, POULTRY, FRUIT. 

Near Washington and Baltimore, and in easy reach of Philadelphia and 

^Unlimited markets and unsurpassed shipping facilities. 

Reasonable In price. Near good live towns, schools and churches. Write u«. 
CLAUDE G. STEPHENSON, 
(Successor to Stephenson & Rainey, Herndon, Va.) 



180 Acre 



FARM FOR SALE. 

At a bargain, 3% miles from Saxe 
Station, in Charlotte Co. Well located 
convenient to schools, churches, mills, 
and stores, well watered by springs 
and branches, land well adapted to to- 
bacco and all crops grown in this sec- 
tion. Only one new log cabin on the 
land; timber enough on the place to 
do necessary building. Price $600 cash. 
W. M. WATKINS, Saxe, Charlotte Co. 
Va. 



A CHARMING OLD VIRGINIA HOME 
in Albemarle Co., 540 acres, 150 being 
rich Iott grounds. Timber and river 
boundary. Colonial style brick dwell- 
ing, some modern equipment and in 
first class condition. All necessary out- 
buildings. Extended and beautifully 
shaded lawn. Magnificent views. Sta- 
tion one mile. Great bunting territory 
close by. Price 925,000. 

Illustrated Register free. Also 

handle timber and mineral lands. 
H. W. HILLEARY & CO., 
Charlottesville, Va. 

A Beautiful Loudoun County Farm 

Of 227 acres, 3 miles from station, 
excellent Improvements. Well watered. 
Good orchard. Land in good condition 
— part in blue grass. Will sell farm 
only, or with all stock, farming im- 
plements and household goods and 
give immediate possession. For par- 
ticulars, address 

NICOL & RANSDELL, 
Box S. P., Manassas, Va. 



Always mention The Southern 
Planter when writing advertisers. 



Attention 

HOMESEEKE3RS AND INVESTORS. 

Send for my Map and new Catalogue 
showing and describing this section of 
Northern Virgina, and a complete list 
of all property now on the market, 
consisting of Grain, Grass, Dairy, 
Fruit, Stock, Truck, Poultry, and Blue- 
grass Farms, Town and Business 
Places. 

I claim and can prove that this sec- 
tion shown by my map, has advant- 
ages over any other part of the State. 
It is not only beautiful and healthy 
but is productive and progressive, and 
very accessible to Washington and 
Alexandria cities, by rail and pike 
which give's all producers a fine home 
market. 

I am not a broker or speculator, I 
bring the buyer and seller face to face, 
I have no speculative interest what- 
ever in any property. My business is 
wholly on commission which is paid 
by the seller. 

References furnished in my Cata- 
logue. If you can't come, write. 
W. H. TAYLOR, Herndon, Va. 

.'. A SPLENDID DAIRY FARM .'. 

Of 204 acres, one mile from station, 
less than 50 miles from Washington 
City, all equipped for business, to- 
gether with cows, all other stock and 
farming implements. Well watered 
and fenced. Nine-room dwelling, 6- 
room tenant house, large barns, etc. 
A bargain to a quick purchaser. 
NICOL * RANSDELL, 
Box S. P., Mauassus, Va. 

A Neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 30 cents. Address 
our Business Department. 



G24 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



CHEAP=FARMS 

NEAR=WASHINGTON 

25 acres, 3 miles from Herndon; near 
store, school, etc.; 15 acres under cul- 
tivation, balance in timber; 6-room 
house, fine orchard in bearing, and 
young orchard; lasting streams; 
fenced garden; good barn and out- 
buildings. Price very low — $2,000; 
$500 down, balance easy terms. 

1. 34% acres in Prince William 
county, 1% miles from railroad, and 
37 miles from Washington; school, 
church, etc. Fine boating, fishing 
(bass), duck shooting, etc., a splendid 
poultry farm or suitable for smalll 
dairy. Eight to ten acres in tim- 
ber, fenced into seven fields, fine run- 
ning water, one side bordering on run, 
good fruit — apples, peaches, pears and 
grapes. Six-room house in good con- 
dition, barn 20x30 fitted up for twelve 
cows; good corn house, etc. Price 
only $2,000, on easy terms. 

5. 104 acres in Loudoun county, 8 
miles from railroad, 1% miles from 
store, school, church, etc. Four acres 
in good oak timber, 100 acres of clean, 
smooth land, a little rolling; branch 
through place; some fruit, well 
fenced. Small, comfortable house of 
four rooms, with summer kitchen and 
porch, in fair condition; small barn, 
good corn house, etc., two-room ten- 
ant house, first-class water. Price, 
$2,500. 

93. 50 acres, 2 miles from railroad, 
in Fairfax county, 2 miles from school, 
church, etc.; fifteen acres in timber, 
well watered by spring and stream, 
fine orchard; house of 5 rooms in good 
condition; good barn 28x31, all neces- 
sary outbuildings. This is an excel- 
lent farm for poultry. Price, $3,000. 

17.. .97% acres of good land 2 miles 
from the railroad, in Loudoun county, 
1% miles from electric railway, 62 
acres in timber about 4,000 cords of 
wood, besides much good timber; clay 
soil, four lasting springs. House of 
5 rooms with cellar, nicely located on 
road much traveled; fine shade, good 
barn and all necessary outbuildings, 
a fine orchard. All personal property, 
including stock, farm implements, 
crops, etc., go with place for only 
$4,500. 

In the best section of Loudoun coun- 
ty, surrounded by high priced and 
beautiful farms, 169 acres, 7 miles 
from rail over a fine pike; two miles 
from school; 40 acres in fine oak tim- 
ber; well fenced; divided into sev- 
eral fields with water in every field, 
in a good state of cultivation — espec- 
ially adapted to blue grass; good 
house of 7 rooms; new barn 35x40; 4- 
room tenant house: all necessary out- 
buildings. Price, $4,500; $2,000 down, 
balance to suit. Half of wheat and 
corn crop to go to purchaser. 

154 acres well located in Loudoun 
county, 7 miles from rail over macad- 
am road; 20 acres in second growth 
timber; large stream through place; 
good blue grass land, in a good state 
of cultivation; well fenced; 1% miles 
from school; 1 mile from post-office; 
house of 5 rooms, with new barn 30x 
40; all necessary outbuildings. Price, 
$3,500; $2,000 down, balance to suit. 

A. H. BUELL, 

Real Estate Broker, 

Herndon, Va. 



"In the Green Fields of Virginia/' 

Homes for nil; health for all; happi- 
ness and Independence for all. All 
■lid of Farms at corresponding prices 
bat ALL reasonable. 

MACON, & CO., ORANGE, VA. 



There is no stove work that the 
"New Perfection" will not do. From 
morning till night — from Monday to 
Sunday — from wash day to baking day 
its usefulness is without end. And it 
does its work so quickly. No wait- 
ing for fire to get started — no late 
meals — no uncertain results. 

Another home comfort is the Rayo 
Lamp, a lamp that produces a clear, 
steady light of unusual brilliancy, and 
yet so mellow as not to hurt the eyes. 
Made of brass, beautifully nickeled, 
and having a handsome shade. It is 
an ornament to any room, and can be 
used with equal satisfaction in the li- 
brary, dining-room, living-room, parlor 
or bedroom. 



West Point, Va., Oct. 15, 1907. 
Johnson & Field Mfg. Co., 
Racine, Wis. 
Enclosed find my check on Plant- 
er's National Bank, Richmond, Va., in 
settlement of Fanning Mill shipped to 
me. Highly pleased with it. It gives 
perfect satisfaction. Yours very 
truly. W. C. DAVIS. 



PROTECTION AGAINST FIRE. 

The Manufacturers of Amatite, the 
best known of the mineral surfaced 
roofings, received the following letter 
from Hot Springs, Arkansas: 
"Dear Sirs: 

I want twenty more squares of Am- 
atite and I will tell you why. 

I had a house gutted by fire three 
weeks ago, and it was covered with 
Arkansas shingles, thin shingles and a 
rubber roofing. One kitchen was 
covered with Amatite, and it seemed 
to be the only fire-resisting roofing 
on the house. All of the other roofing 
was entirely destroyed. After the 
fire was put out, the Amatite roofing 
was standing with the exception of 
some places where the sheathing 
had torn out and broken holes through 
it. In fact the major portion of the 
Amatite would have turned water 
after the fire. 

As I am going to rebuild, I want 
enough Amatite to cover the entire 
house. 

Yours respectfully, 

G. F. MALDING." 

If any of our readers are not fa- 
miliar with Amatite they should send 
and get a sample at once. This roof- 
ing needs no painting and is fire-re- 
tardant as well. Address the nearest 
office of the Barrett Manufacturing 
uompany, New York, Chicago, Phila- 
delphia, Boston, St. Louis, Cleveland, 
Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Kansas City, 
Minneapolis or New Orleans. 



HOW ABOUT OILING THE HAR- 
NESS. 

Harness oiling is a rainy-day job on 
the farm and a regular part of stable 
work in the city. 

It's a vitally necessary part, too. 
There's no trouble about spoiling a 
harness — the question with horse- 
owners is how not to spoil harness. 



COW PEAS 

GERMAN MILLET 

GERMAN CLOVER 

CANE SEED 

KAFFIR CORN 

CLAY PEAS 

BLACK PEAS 

BLACKEYE PEAS 

MIXED PEAS 

SEED CORN 

SEED SWEET POTATOES 

WE HANDLE THE ABOVE AND 
ALL OTHER SEASONABLE 
SEED. WRITE FOR SAMPLES 
AND PRICES. 



N.R.Savage&Son 

RICHMOND. VA. 



COW PEAS 

We quote for immediate ship- 
ment, subject to market changes 
and stock being unsold, Mixed, 
$1.30; Clay, $1.40: Whip and Black, 
$1.50; Mammoth Yellow Soy Beans, 
$1.15; Amber and Orange Cane 
Seed, $1.30; German Millet, $1.50; 
Japanese Millet, $1.50; Buckwheat, 
$1.10. One million Sweet potato 
Plants for immediate delivery, 
leading varieties, 1,000 lots, $1.50; 
5,000 lots, $1.20; 10,000 or more, 
$1.00, all F. C. B. our station. 
HICKORY SEED CO., 
Hickory, N. C. 



CAPPS PEACH 

The most desirable new variety; 
bears heavy crops when Elberta falls; 
carries to market in perfect condition 
which commands better prices than 
other varieties; awarded gold medal 
at St. Louis for being largest and 
handsomest peach on exhibit. 

Apple, peach and pear trees, sweet 
potato plants. Write for circular. 
E. W. JONES NURSERY CO., 
Woodlawn, Va. 

*~A Neat Binder for your back num. 
bers can be had for 30 cents. Address 
our Business Department. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



G25 



Send your order for 

Crimson Glover 

COW PEAS 



AND 



Soja Beans 

TO 

Diggs&Beadles 

"THE SEED MERCHANTS" 

1709 East Franklin St. 

RICHMOND, - = VA. 

Branch Store 603 and 605 East 
Marshall Street. 

We are headquarters for su- 
perior Seeds of all kinds. 
GRASS and CLOVER SEEDS. 

Garden and Flower Seeds, Cow 
Peas, Field Beans, Sorghums, 
Millets and all seeds of the 
highest quality and germination. 

Write to-day for our free cat- 
alogue and price list. 

Your Correspondence Solicited. 



Wanted 

LOWEST PRICES ON 
ALL KINDS OF 

FERTILIZERS, LIME, SEEDS and 
ARM MACHINERY 

Write us if you want farm pro- 
ducts of any kind, or any stock: 
horses, cattle, sheep or hogs. 

Farmers' Club of Gloucester Co. 

S. C. WOLCOTT, Secy., 
Dixondale, Va. 



SWEET 
POTATO 
PLANTS 

Reasonable Rates In Large Lots. 

For prices and variety apply 

J. S. LINTHICUM, 

Welhams, = = Md. 



Always mention The Southern 
Planter when writing advertisers. 



A very little use in all kinds of 
weathers works a great change in the 
flexibility ana "snappiness" of narness 
leather. It gets hard, dry, lifeless — 
crossed and recrossed with little 
checks which eat into the leather 
and soon bring it to the breaking 
point. 

Every man who owns or drives a 
horse knows these conditions and 
knows that the preventive and cure 
is "oiling;" but every such man does 
not know that from an economical 
standpoint, Eureka Harness Oil is 
among the best. 

Eureka Harness Oil has the qual- 
ity or power of "staying put." It goes 
into harness leather and it takes a 
lot of wind and rain, and animal 
sweat to drive it out. It stays better 
than other oils. It gives a glove-like 
texture to leather that adds wonder- 
fully to its wearing qualities. And 
it improves the appearance of the 
harness by Keeping it black, which 
means keeping it new-looking. 

Of course, if you use oil that keeps 
a harness soft and pliable twice as 
long as another, it's the cheaper of 
the two, and that's why it pays to try 
Eureka Harness Oil. 



THE DAIRY BULLETIN. 
The May issue of the Dairy Bulletin, 
published by the Vermont Farm Ma- 
chine Company, to make better known 
the merits of the U. S. Cream Separ- 
ator, is an unusually interesting and 
informative publication. Beside be- 
ing well illustrated with half tone en- 
gravings, there are several well writ- 
ten articles that will appeal to every 
farmer and dairyman, (owners of 
Guernseys will be particularly inter- 
ested in this issue) besides complete 
descriptions of the various models of 
U. S. Separators. A copy of this pub- 
lication may be obtained free for a 
post card request by addressing the 
Vermont Farm Machine Co., Bellows 
Falls, Vt. 



KNOW MORE ABOUT BLACKLEG. 

Every cattle raiser should know all 
he can learn about Blackleg, what a 
fatal disease it is to young stock, 
how easily the infection is spread 
from one animal to another and how 
best to prevent it. 

Dr. J. C. Roberts, of the Mississippi 
Agricultural Experiment Station has 
written a most intelligent Bulletin on 
this subject. It is well worth care- 
ful reading and study. It has been re- 
printed, and it will be sent free to 
anyone interested in the subject who 
will write to Parke, Davis & Com- 
pany, Detroit, Mich., and ask for a 
copy. 

It is a good plan to learn how to 
save the calf crop and stop the spread 
of this most infectious and fatal dis- 
ease. 



AUTO VS. "BIKE." 
The automobile is a great invention 
an excellent mode of conveyance 



GERMAN 

OR CRIMSON 

CLOVER 

GERMAN MILLET 

GERMAN CLOVER 

CLAY PEAS 

BLACKEYE PEAS 

MIXED PEAS 

SEED CORN 

KAFFIR CORN 

SEED SWEET POTATOES AND 
OTHER FIELD SEEDS, INCLUD- 
ING ALL THE DIFFERENT VA- 
RIETIES OF GRASS SEEDS. 
WRITE FOR PRICES AND SAM- 
PLES. 

NISavage&Son 

RICHMOND, VA. 



SOJA 
BEANS 

For Sale. Write for prices. 

A. D. Reynolds, Bristol, Tenn. 



"Feeds and Feeding" 

AND 

The Southern Planter 

for only $2.25, including delivery of 
the book. This is Professor Henry's 
great work on Feeds and Feeding 
Stock and is the recognized standard 
everywhere. Everyone with half 
dozen head of stock should have it. 

Southern Planter, 

Richmond, Va. 

MINOR'S FLUID 

SHEEP AND HOG DIP. 

Its use permitted in official dipping 
Low prices on Dipping Tanks. 

Testimonials and circulars for the 
asking. 

W. E. MINOR & CO., 
811 Long Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. 

Please mention the Southern Planter. 



626 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June r 



Warranted to Clvo Satisfaction 

Gombault's 

Caustic Balsam 




Has Imitators But No Competitors. 

A Safe, Speedy and Positive Cure for 
Curb, Splint. Sweeny, Capped Hook, 
Strained Tendons, Founder, Wind 
Puffs, and all lameness from Spavin, 
Ringbone and other bony tumors, 
Cures all skin diseases or Parasites, 
Thrush, Diphtheria. Remove* all 
Bunches from Horses or Cattle, 

As a Human Remedy for Rheumatism, 
Sprains, Sore Throat, eta, it is invaluable. 

Every bottle of Caustio Balsam sold Is 
Warranted to give satisfaction. Price $1,50 
per bottle. Sold by druggists, or sent by ex. 
press, charges paid, with full directions for 
its nse. t3TSend for descriptive circulars, 
testimonials, etc. Address 

The Lawrence-Williams Co., Cleveland, 0. 



Moon Blindness 



CAN BE 
CURED 



it 



!! 



VISIO 

Wonderful 
Discovery 

DISEASES of the EYE 
successfully treated with 
this NEW REMEDY. 




AN ABSOLUTE CURE 

for Moon Blindness, (Ophthalmia), Con- 
junctivitis and Cataract, Shying horses 
all suffer from diseased eyes. A trial will 
convince any horse owner that this remedy abso- 
lutely cures defects of the eye, Irrespective of the 
length of time the animal has been afflicted. No 
matter how many doctors have tried and failed, use 
"VISIO," use it under our GUARANTEE; your 
money refunded if under directions it 
does not effect a cure- "YOU PAY FOR 
RESULTS ONLY-" S2.00 per bottle, 
postpaid on receipt of price. 

Vlsio Remedy Ass'n., 1939 Wabash Ave., Chicago, III. 




ORBINE 



Will reduce inflamed, strained, 
swollen Tendons, Ligaments, 
Muscles or Bruises, Cure the 
Lameness and Stop pain from a 
Splint,Side lione or Bone Spavin 
No blister, no hair gone. Horse can be 
need. Horse Book 2 D free-. $2.00 • 
bottle at dealers or delivered. 

ABSORBINE,JR.,formankind,$l. 
Reduces Strained Torn Ligaments, En- 
larged glands, veins or muscles — heals 
ulcers — allays pain. Book Free. 

W. F. YOUNG, P. D. F., 109 Temple St., Springfield, Mass. 



.DEATH TO HEAVES 




NEWTON'S lUoTe.Cough.DU- 
temper and Indigeitlon Care. 
A Veterinary Kemedy for Wind, 
Throat and Stomach troubles. 
$1.00 per can, of dealers, orex- 
nress prepaid. Sendforbook let. 

The New ton Remedy Co. 
Toledo, Ohio. 



But for real health value it does not 
compare with the once-popular bicy- 
cle. Many men and women found 
both pleasure and health in country 
tours on their wheels. And while 
some had the "scorching" fever and 
rode in a fashion that was dangerous 
to themselves and to others, they 
were few compared with the many 
thousands who gained physical health 
and vigor through the proper use of 
the bicycle. 

Walking clubs are fine for both 
health and recreation, but it would 
be an excellent thing for the people 
if "cycling" should again become as 
popular as it was a decade or more 
ago. 

For a very few dollars you can 
buy a wheel of the latest type from 
the Meade Cycle Company, Chicago. 

Get their new catalogue of bicycles 
and supplies. If you wish, they wil 1 
send you a wheel for ten days' free 
trial. 



There is a mass of information 
about newspapers in the American 
Newspaper Annual (published by N 
W. Ayers & Son, Philadelphia, $5.0C 
net), the 1909 edition of which is 
just out. Catalogued in simple tabu 
lated form are the facts one needs 
in dealing with newspapers, with par 
ticular attention to circulations, whiclr 
are all given in plain figures. These 
are accompanied with valuable ga 
zetteer information concerning the 
places where the publications are is 
sued. 

There are supplementary lists of 
daily newspapers, magazines and 
class publications. A colored map of 
each State is bound in the book. It 
also contains the Advertiser's Tele 
graph Code, compiled especially for 
the use of the publishing interests 
and filling a long felt want in this 
direction. 



One of the most commonly mis- 
pronounced words in the English lan- 
guage is "R-U-B-E-R-O-I-D." Most 
people call it "RTJBBER-OID," al- 
though the correct pronunciation is 
as though it were spelled "RTJE- 
BER-OID." 

It is commonly supposed that RU- 
BEROID is a "rubber" roofing — but 
nothing could be further from the 
truth. RTJBEROID contains no rub- 
ber, and a roofing containing rubber 
would be practically useless, as rub- 
ber rots under slight exposure to the 
weather. 

The base of RTJBEROID is an ex- 
clusive processed gum known as Ru- 
beroid Gum. This gum, resembles 
crude rubber, and is as flexible as 
crude rubber, but, unlike rubber, it 
retains its durability and flexibility 
after years • of exposure to the 
weather. 

Do not confuse the genuine RTJ- 
BEROID with those cheap substitutes 
commonly known as "rubber" roof- 
] ings. 




Sure 
and 
Workthe 
Horse 



HE CAN WORK. 
EVERY DAY 



If youuseBickmore'sGall Cure your teams 
can work right along and be cured of Saddle 
and Harness Galls, Chafes, Rope Burns, Cuts, 
Scratches, Grease Heel, etc. while in har- 
ness. The more work tne quicker the cure. 

BICKMORE'S GALL CURE 

is the standard Bemedy for all these and 
similar troubles, ,1s excellent for Mange and 
Sore Teats in cows. Above trade mark ison 
every bos of Genuine Bickmore's Gall Cure. 
For sale by dealers everywhere. Money re- 
funded if it fails. Sample Free and Horse Book 
if you'll send 6c for packing and postage. 
■ Bickmore Gall Cure Co., Box 935 Old Town, Maine. 
Xi i mw— .« i . m 



fistula 



and 
■»€»■! 



need, ' 



> with 



Any person, however inexperlenc 
can readily cure either disease r 

Fleming's 
Fistula and Foil Evil Care 

—even bad old cases that skilled doctors 
have abandoned. Easy and simples no 
outting; just a little attention every fifth 
day— and your money refunded If It ever 
falls. Cures most cases within thirty day 
leaving the horse sound and smooth. A 
particulars given in 

Fleming's Vest-Poeke* 
Veterinary Adviser 
Writs us for a free copy. Ninety-six 
pages, covering more than a hundred vet- 
erinary subjects. Durably bound, lu- 
dezed and illustrated. 

FLEMING BROS* Chemist*, 
380 Union Stock "Cards, Chlcaro, lit 



KENDALLS 

1SPAVIN CURE 



J)^r Best and surest cure for 

Spavin, Ringbone, Curb, Splint, Cats. 
Swellings, all Lameness. 

"I have found your Spavin Cure almost I 
indispensable In my stable and 1 am never 
without it. Please send me your Treatise [ 
on the Horse." Ad. Dryer, 

Biltmore, N. C. 
A liniment for both man and beast. At all I 
druggists, SI a Bottle; 6 lor SS. Besureyou 
< get Kendall's. Look for the trademark. Book, 
"Treatise on the Horse," free at drug stores, 
i or write, 
l Dr. B. J.Kendall Co.. Enosburg Falls, VI. j 




USE CRAFT'S DISTEMPERandCOUGH CURE 

A safe and sure pre- 
ventive and positive cure I 
for all forms of Distem- 
per, Influenza, Pinkeye, 
Coughs and Colds in 
Horses. Sheep and Dogs, 
50c and $1.00 at Druggists 
or prepaid. Write for free 
booklet "Or. Craft's Advice." 

WELLS MEDICINE CO., LAFAYETTE, IND. 



1909.]- 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



627 



DEATH TO HAWKS 

Life to Chickens and Turkeys. 

Cock of the Walk. "HAWK" 

The Barn Yard 
Robber. 




I take Macnalr's 
Chicken Powders 
and feed my chil- 
dren on them too. 
Look at me and 
observe the hawk. 
Cock a doodle doo. 



Died after eat- 
ing a chick of 
that old Rooster, 
which had been 
fed on Macnalr's 
Chicken Powders. 
Alas! Alas. 



MACNAIR'S CHICKEN POWDER 
kills Hawks, cures Cholera, Gapes, 
Roup, Indigestion, Leg Weakness, and 
keeps them free from Vermin, thereby 
causing them to produce abundance of 
eggs. 

Sample package 25 cents. 
W. H. MACNAIR, Tarboro, N. C. 



f ¥\ 


THE OLD RELIABLE] 


\mk 


|Mii;JMM 


Mir 


M/ffHTOLICE 


increases Poultry Profits and is practi- 
cally indispensable to those who raise, 
sell or exhibit Poultry. Is the quickest 
and safest Lice Killer on the market 
and guaranteed not to injure eggs or 
chickens. Pocketbook Pointers on 
"Modern Poultry Methods" sent for 2c 
stamp. Write to-day. 

O. K. STOCK FOOD CO.. 

. 651 Monon Bids.. Chicago. 



POWDER DIP 

Used Annually on 250,000,000 Sheep 



For 65 years the world's standard Dip. 
One dipping: kills ticks, lice and nits. 
Increases quantity and quality of wool. 
Improves appearance and condition of 
flock. If dealer can't supply you, send 
fl.75 for S2.00 (100 gallons) packet to 
Purcell, Ladd & Co., Richmond. Va.. or 
Wm. Cooper & Nephews. 177 Illinois St.. Chicago 



% 



CAUSTIC BALSAM NEVER FAILED 
FOR BONE SPAVIN OR 
THOROUGHPIN. 
I have used your Gombault's Caus- 
tic Balsam for bone spavin, tnorough- 
pin and other blemishes on horses. It 
has never failed on anything I have 
tried it for. — J. M. Hauser, Pkillippi, 
W. Va. 






I Ouicklv and positively cured in 1e__ 
than three weeks with one applica- 
tion of 

ADAM'S RAPID LUMP JAW CURE 

Easy to use. Written GUARAN- I 
TEE accompanies each bottle. I 
Don't delay hut write today for | 
Iroo' circular. Dept. 27. 
''h. C.Adams Mfa.Co.. Algona, 



DIP YOUR SHEEP 
in Cooper's Dip, used on 250,000,000 
sheep annually. It increases quality 
and quantity of the wool and im- 
proves appearance and condition of 
the flock. 



BE YOUR OWN HORSE DOCTOR. 

If a swelling develops on your 
horse's leg, or he is suffering from a 
kick, a cut or a sprain, what would 
you do? 

There is too much helplessness 
among people in the matter on car- 
ing for their horses. Of course, we 
cannot dispense entirely with the ser- 
vices of the veterinary surgeon, but 
in nine cases out of ten the services 
of the veterinary are really not nec- 
essary. 

It is the duty of every horse owner 
to know something about his horse. 
He can be at least fairly well post- 
ed, so that he will know how to treat 
the little ailments. Then with some 
well-known effectivs remedy like 
Kendall's Spavin Cure at hand he 
will be able to save many a bill for 
a horse doctor and get practically 
continuous service from nis horses. 

The little ailments which beset 
your horse should have prompt treat- 
ment. Your are the first to know of 
a sprain, a swelling or a cut. These 
will yield to a prompt application of 
Kendalls' Spavin Cure by you as 
well as to the veterinary's treatment. 
Very likely the veterinary you would 
call would use the Spavin Cure any- 
how. It is a remedy they use, per- 
haps, more generally than any other. 
This old remedy is regularly ad- 
vertised in this paper. The remedy 
does not change, neither does the 
price, one dollar a bottle; six for $5. 
You can get it at any drug store. 
And, if you want a book to post up 
a little on your horse, ask the drug- 
gust for "A Treatise on the Horse 
and His Diseases," or write direct to 
the B. J. Kendall Company at Enos- 
burg Falls, Vermont, for it. It is 
free at either place. 



A Neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 30 cents. Address 
our Business Department. 



SANA-VET. 

THE BEST CURE FOR 
HORSES. 

Rapidly heals galls, cuts, sore 
shoulders, mange, etc. Best remedy 
known. Cure guaranteed. 

Try free sample. 

SANITARY CHEMICAL CO. 

Dept. 14, American Bldg., 
Baltimore, Md. 



Glenview Orpingtons. 

S. C. BUFFS EXCLUSIVELY. 

I will not sell any eggs for hatch- 
ing next season. If you want some of 
the best stock of Orpingtons In the 
South, BUT NOW. Prices reasonable. 
State your exact wants. 
R. S. BORNE, Keswick Ta. 




Silver Laced Wyandotte* 

Eggs for hatching 
from choice matings at 
II per IB. Now book- 
ing orders. Vigorous 
Cockerels, $1.26 to 
Si. SO. Tries, $4. Choice 
lot of birds to select 
from. Can furnish In 
«.ny quantities wanted . 

All stock strictly 
first class and healthy. 

DR. H. H. LEG, 
Poplar Hill Poultry Farm, R. F. D. No.4, Lexington, Va. 

SPRING BROOK POULTRY FARM 

Culpeper, Va., H. H. Scott, Prop. 

Breeder of Northrup strain Black 
Minorcas, "Whitman strain of Brown 
Leghorns, and the best Silver-Laced 
Wyandottes. No more eggs for sale, 
but wish to thank my patrons and the 
public for their liberal patronage this 
season. 

Stock For Sale. 







VALLEY FARM 






Barred Rocks, 






S. C. B. Leghorns. 






My choice breeders for 






sale to make room for 


ife ll 




gTowing stock. 


^E 


o^- 


CHAS. C. WINE, 


-33$» 


Mt. Sidney, Va. 



BLACK'S 



Augusta Co., Va., Dec. 3, '08. 

I esteem the Southern Planter very 
highly and am always anxious to get 
the next issue. J. H. RECTOR. 

Bedford Co., Va., Jan. 1G, '08. 

I have been reading the Southern 
Planter nearly all of my life and I 
think it is the best farm paper I have 
ever seen. J. J. WALKER. 



Black Langshans 

A superior egg-laying strain. 
Bred for all standard requirements. 
This year's breeding birds now for 
sale. 



A. M. BLACK, 



Tazewell, Va. 



MAKE THEM YOURSELF. 

BROODERS &TRAP-NESTS 

Inexpensive, simple to make, absol- 
utely reliable. 

One Trap Nest (model) $1.50. 
Complete illustrated Brooder Plans, 
Twenty-five Cents. Address 
R. O. BERGER, 
16 N. 20th Street, Richmond, Va. 

Please mention the Southern Planter, 



G28 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



S. C. WHITE LEGHORNS 

100% FERTILITY OUARANTEED 

THINK OF IT I 

We are selling our eggs at $6.00 
per 100 and are guaranteeing, not 
80 or 90 per cent, as others are do- 
ing, but every egg fertile. Write 
us and let us tell you what we will 
do to advertise our great egg pro- 
ducers. Same price for a less num- 
ber. 

Eggs for fancy matings a matter 
of correspondence. 

STOCK FOR SALE. 

B. II . GRUNDY A SON, 
*00 W. Franklin St., Richmond, Va. 



EGGS FOR HATCHING. 

from my heavy laying strains 

S* C. White Leghorns 
White Wyandottes 

Blood lines unsurpassed and stand- 
ard qualities are excellent. $2 per 15. 

SCOTCH COLLIES. 

The sensible kind. Correct type. 
Fashionably bred. 

WARREN RICE, Vaucluse Sta., Va. 
Frederick Co. 

McCne's "Ringlet" 

Barred Plymouth RocKs. 

Again winners in strongest competi- 
tion, Richmond, Dec, 1908, 1st cockerel, 
3d and 5th cock, 5th pullet. Washing- 
ton, Jan., 1909, 2d cockerel, 3d pullet. 
Most excellent layers — large, vigorous 
and beautiful. Good breeding cockerels 
$2.25 to $5 each. 

Splendid Bargains in pullets, $1, 
$1.50 and $2 each. Eggs from grand 
yards, headed by prize-winners, $1.50, 
$2, $2.50 and $4 per 15. You may get 
a prize-winner out of one sitting. Sat- 
isfaction guaranteed. 

LESLIE H. McCTJE, 
Box 4, Afton, Va. 

Eggs for Hatching 

Husselman, the Hen Man 

Best laying strain S. C. Brown Leg- 
horns; best laying strain S. C. White 
Leghorns, eggs $1.00 for 15; $6 per 
100. 

Pure Thompson Strain Barred Ply- 
mouth Rocks. Two pens. None better. 
Pens one and two. Eggs $3 per 15. 

One pen pullets from Maine Ex. 
Station mated to a fine large Thomp- 
son cockerel. Eggs, $2.50 per 15. 

ni'SSELMA.V, 

Stop 26. Seven Pines Car Line 

Highland Springs, Va. 

EGGS, EGGS. 

From Taylor's White Wyandottes. I 
am still booking orders for eggs. Prize 
pens, $2 for 15; other pens $1.50 for 16. 
Almost booked up, so send orders at 
once. 

R. RANDOLPH TAYLOR, 
Hickory Bottom Poultry rarm,^ 
NEGROFOOT, VA. 
R. F. D. No. 2. Beaver Dam, Va. 



HINTS BY MAY MANTON. 

To be Made in Round or Walking 

Length. 

The skirt that provides slight flare 
at the lower edge is one of the very 
latest to have appeared and this 
model Wlows that feature at its best. 
It is slightly high waisted and close 
fitting over the hips and the plaited 
panels give long, becoming lines at 
the same time that they provide ad- 
ditional fullness. Pongee with trim- 
ming of buttons and finish of stitch- 
ing is the material illustrated, but 
all seasonable ones that are heavy 
enough for the simple style are ap- 
propriate — linen, pique, and the like, 
pongee or Shantung in all its varia- 
tions and also the light weight wools 
that are desirable throughout the en- 
tire season. When made in round 
length the skirt is adapted to after- 
noon dress, when made in walking 
length for general morning and street 
wear. 




Bargain Sale 

~ WHITE VHVaiVDOTTE HENS 

at $1.50 and $2. 

each. All this year's breeders must go- 
to make room for young stock. This 
is a rare opportunity to get the best 
for practically nothing. Special price- 
on large orders. 

EVELYN HEIGHTS FARM., 
W. W. Thomas, Prop., Catlett, Va. 

White Wyandottes Exclusively. 

Bred for business. Will please farmer 
or fancier. Eggs from carefully se- 
lected stock, $1.25 per 15; $2 per 30. 
Circular free. I guarantee satisfaction. 
J. H. YODER, Denbigh, Va. 

WHITE WYANDOTTES. 
Eggs for hatching, $1.25 for 16, $2 
for 30. 

R. ELSAESSER. Meherrin, Va. 



WALKER'S 
WHITE ROCKS. 

Took 2nd cock; 1st 
and 2nd cockerels, 1st 
and 2nd pullets; 1st pen 
at Herndon, Va., show 
Jan., 1909. Strong com- 
petition. Am booking 
orders for eggs. $1.00 
and $2.00 for 15. 

C. M. WALKER, 
Herndon, Va. 




ROSE COMB 



6322 Four-Piece Skirt, 22 to 30 waist. 

The skirt is made in four gores 
with four additional panels. The side 
gores are lapped over into the front 
and the back and the panels are 
joined to their edges. The closing is 
made invisibly. When walking length 
is desired both the gores and the 
panels are to be cut off on indicated 
lines. 

The quantity of material required 
for the medium size is 9% yards 24 
or 27; 5% yards 44 or 52 inches wide, 
width of skirt at lower edge 4% yards 
including plaits. 

The pattern 6322 is cut in sizes 
for a 22, 24, 26, 28 and 30 inch waist 
measure and will be mailed to any 
address by the Fashion Department 
of this paper on receipt of ten cents. 



Rhode Island Red 

Eggs from prize-winning stock for 
sale. 15 for $1, or 3 sittings for $2.50. 
L. E. SMITH, Appomattox, Va. 

MISS LOUISE V. SPENCER 

Blackstone, Va. 

Pure-bred R. C. Rhode Island Red 
Eggs for hatching. Stock for sale. 

Indian Runner Ducks 



Greatest layers on eartn; easy to 
raise, no lice. Prize winners Virginia 
State Fair and Poultry Show. Also 
R. C. Reds and S. C. B. Leghorns. 
Ducks sold out. Eggs in season. 
MRS B. J. GRASBERGER, 
Bnmpass, Va. 



o. i.e. 



Pigs not akin; also boars for sale. 
All eligible to registry. 

D. WM. GOOD, Farland, Va. 

Virginia's Premier Rival 
117983 

A blue ribbon winner at Va. State 
Fair, 1908. He is one of the Great 
Boars of the Berkshire Breed, Is not 
only a splendid individual but has 
proven himself a wonderful breeder. 
His pigs are large, even size no- 
"runts" fine length, full of quality 
with best of Berkshire heads, Anyone- 
In search of a top boar pig to head a 
good herd, write me. My pigs are 
out of large prolific sows of best 
breeding. Prices reasonable and stock 
must please you. 

E. F. SOMMERS, Somerset, Va. 

Please mention the Southern Planter. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTEK. 



629 




Pure- 
Bred 
POULTRY 



Eggs for hatching now ready. I 
can supply eggs from choice mat- 
lngs of the following breeds: Bar- 
red, Buff and White Plymouth 
Rocks; White, Brown and Buff 
Leghorns; Single and Rose Comb j 
Rhode Island Reds and Black Mln- | 
orcas; White, Buff Silver, Golden " 
and Columbian Wyandottes; Silver 
Spangled Hamburg; White-faced 
Black Spanish, White-crested Black 
Polish, Cornish Indian Game, Buff, 
White and Black Orpingtons, all 
strictly pure-bred. Pekln Duck 
eggs, $1.50 pe rdoen, $5 per 50 and 
$8 per 100. Rouen and Muscovy Duck 
eggs same prices. White Holland 
and Mammoth Bronze Turkey eggs 
30c. each, as many as you want. 
Address, 

JAMES. M. HOBBS, 
1521 Mt. Royal Avenue, 
BALTIMORE, MD. 




PURE-BRED SHEEP. 

Farmers, now is the time to se- 
lect and engage your rams and 
ewes for next season. I have choice 
pure-bred Shropshire, Hampshire, 
Southdown, Dorset and Delaine 
Ram and Ewe Lambs, yearling and 
two to Ave year old Rams and Ewes 
I am booking orders now for ship- 
ment when wanted and the early 
buyer gets pick of flock and better 
values than the late buyers. Write 
to-day, and state your exact wants 
and I will be pleased to name you 
prices that are right for the qual- 
ity I have. Address 

JAMES. M. HOBBS, 

1521 Mt. Royal Avenue, 

BALTIMORE, MD. 




Pure-Bred 

HOGS 

I have fine lot of Spring Pigs »f 
the following breeds and am book- 
ing orders for April, May and June 
shipment: Chester White, York- 
shire, Poland-China, Berkshire, Du- 
roc-Jersey, and Tamworth, all of 
which are eligible to registry. I 
can mate pigs two, three and four 
months old in pairs and trios not 
akin. I have some grand sows 150 
to 250 lbs. bred to farrow in May 
and June and some fine Service 
Boars from 150 to 300 lbs. and will 
make right prices considering the 
quality of the animals. Address 

JAMES. M. HOBBS, 

1521 Mt. Royal Avenue. 

BALTIMORE, MD. 



DUROC 
JERSEY 
SWINE 



Best Blood. Nothing but the best 
individuals offered for breeders. 

WARREN RICE, Vaucluse Sta., Va. 
Frederick County. 



TAMWORTHS. 

The lean bacon hogs — pigs, bred 
sows, and service boars, all regis- 
tered and of best blood. 
BERKSHIRES. 

Fine pigs and service boars en- 
titled to registration and of blue 
ribbon stock. Am out of Poland- 
China pigs at present. 
J. C. GRAVES, Burbonr.vllle, Va. 



THOROUGHBRED 

BERKSHIRE BOARS, 
JERSEY BULL CALVES, 
DORSET BUCK LAMBS. 

Sire of calves, FLYING FOX, 65456, 
son of Flying Fox, who sold for $7,500 
at the Cooper sale, 1902. 

All stock in best condition and guar- 
anteed as represented. 

F. T. ENGLISH, Centrevllle, Md. 

MEADOW BROOK FARM 

FOR SALE — Choice 
lot of large 
YORKSHIRE PIGS 

males and females, 
not akin, from 
America and Eng- 
land's best breed- 
ing. 

J. D. Thomas, Prop. 
Round Hill, Va. 

PREMIER BERKSHIRES 

The large, lengthy, growthy kind. A 
fine lot of pigs, bred from first-class 
bows, ready for April delivery; prices 
right. B. P. Rock eggs $1 for 15. 
J. T. OLIVER, Allen's Level, Va. 




.Girl's Box Plaited Dress 6320. 

To be made with V-shaped neck 
and sailor collar or with high or 
square neck, long or short sieves. 




6320 Girl's" Box Plaited Dress, 
4 to 10 years. 

Box plaited dresses made with the 
body portions and skirts in one are 
among the smartest that the little 



QUALITY 

Poland -jChinas. 

Lest you forget we have the beat 
breeding and individuals in P. C. blood 
in Virginia at farmers' prices. Young 
pigs and bred sows "the best ever." 

A son of the "King of Them All" at 
head of our herd. Write us your wants. 

H. B. BUSH & BRO., 
Mlchanx. Powhatan Co., Va. 

EDGEWOOD STOCK FARM. 

DORSETS 

I still have some choice Nov., Jan , 
and Feb. lambs left; better this year 
than ever. Will be pleased to quote 
you prices. Remember my lambs are 
from large strong boned ewes and 
have blood from the best flocks in 
this country and England. I am pre- 
pared to furnish -grade ram lambs 
at ten dollars f. o. b. Let me hear 
from you; I can please you. Address 
H. H. Arbuckle, 
Maxwelton, W. Va. 




Reg. P. Chinas, Berkshire*, 
C. Whites. Large strains. All 
ages, mated, not akin. Bred 
Sows, Service Boars, Guernsey 
Calves, Collie and Beagle Pupa 
and poultry. Write for pricei 
and circular. 

P. F. HAMILTON, 
Cochranville, Chester Co. Pa. 



TAMWORTH PIGS. 

From Registered Stock of Fine 
Breeding. 

Knowle of Cook Farm 6057 at 
head of herd. Sire 2nd prize boar 
at Royal Show, Eng., 1907., Dam, 
1st prize gilt at same shew, 1907. 

VOLNEY OSBURN 
Bluemont, Loudoun Co. Va. 



Always mention The Southern 



girl ean wear. This model can be | Planter when writing advertisers. 



630 



THE SOUTHEEE" PLANTER. 



[June, 



Glenara Stock Farm 

OFFERS 

FOR IMMEDIATE DELIVERY 

SHORT HORNS 

3 Dual Purpose Short-Horn Cows, 
Imported from Canada, all bred or with 
calves at foot, to Bessie's Lad, No. 
273945. Prices from $60 to $100. 

3 Short-Horn yearling bulls, price $40 
each. 

4 Short-Horn yearling heifers, price, 
$40 each. 

DORSET SHEEP 

2 aged Dorset rams, price, $25 each. 
1 yearling Dorset ram, price $30 

POLAND-CHINAS 

15 Poland-China boar pigs, winter 
farrow, Price $15 each. 

15 Poland-China gilts, price $15 each. 



CLYDESDALES 

1 yearling Clydesdale Stallion, by 
Imp. "Evander," 1st and champion at 
Aberdeen, Scotland, 1st and Reserve 
champion at Chicago International, out 
of imp. "Lanark Queen," winner of 26 
firsts and championships in Scotland 
and 1st and champion at the Chicago 
International. Price $600. 

1 yearling Clydesdale Stallion, by 
imp. "Evander," (see above) out of 
"Thorncliffe Duchesse" 1st at the Chi- 
cago International. Price, $500. 

DORSET SHEEP 

Dorset ram lambs, by imp. "Rom- 
ulus 2nd," 1st in England, and 1st at 
the Chicago International, out of ewes 
imported from Canada and England, 
many of them prize-winners. Prices, 
$15 to $25. 

POLAND-CH1NAS 

Poland-China Boar Pigs and gilts of 
spring farrow, sired by the first and 
champion boar at the Virginia State 
Fair 1908, out of sows imported from 
the most fashionable western fami- 
lies. Price at weaning time, $10 each. 

Registration papers furnished with 
all stock. All shipments will be sent 
collect on receipt of check or money 
order, but all buyers may return any 
purchase with which they are dissatis- 
fied at my expense and their purchase 
money will be refunded. 

Place your orders now. These are 
Farmers' Prices. 

JOHN BUTLER SWANN, 

Marshall, Fauquier Co., Va. 
WOODLAND DORSETS 

"We have some splendid yearling 
rams on hand and can make the best 
of selection; also a few very fine year- 
ling ewes. 

J. E. WING & BROS., 

Mechantcsburg, O. 

CHESTER WHITES. 

Best hog on earth. I am now booking 
orders for spring pig3 Please let me 
have your orders. Satisfaction guaran- 
teed. 
S. M. WISECARVER, Itnstbnrg, Va. 



treated in several ways and really 
becomes three in place of one. It 
can be made with the sailor collar 
and shield, as illustrated, or it can 
be made with the square Dutch neck, 
or it can be made high with a stand- 
ing collar, and it is equally available 
for all three styles. The sleeves, too, 
can be long or short. White linen 
with bands of rose color is the mate- 
rial illustrated and linen is admira- 
ble for just such dresses as this, 
but there are a great many other ma- 
terials that are equally in style, in- 
deed, almost every simple material 
can be treated after one style or the 
other. For the thinner fabrics, such 
as lawn or batiste, the dress without 
the sailor collar may be preferred, 
while made as illustrated, it is per- 
fectly suited to poplin, linen, cham- 
bray and everything of a similar sort. 

The dress is made with fronts and 
back and is laid in box plaits that 
give long and becoming lines, while 
the fulness is held in place by means 
of a belt. When the sailor , collar is 
used the neck is cut out to indicat- 
ed depth and the collar joined to its 
edge, the shield being arranged un- 
der it. When square neck is used 
the edge is simply finished with 
bands or trimming, and when high 
neck is used the standing collar is 
joined to it. The long sleeves are 
tucked at their lower edges, but the 
short ones are simply gathered into 
bands. 

The quantity of material required 
for the medium size (8 years) is 5% 
yards 24, 4% yards 32, or 3%. yards 
44 inches wide, with y 2 yard 27 inches 
wide for the bands. 

The pattern 6320 is cut in sizes for 
girls of 4, 6, 8 and 10 years of age 
and will be mailed to any address by 
the Fashion Department of this paper 
on receipt of ten cents. 



STOP A MOMENT 
and consider how important it is that 
you keep your horses in good condi- 
tion, especially if you are expecting 
to sell them. If you have a blemished 
horse, write for my free book telling 
how to treat them. ABSORBINE is 
performing wonders in removing 
puffs, thoroughpins, curbs, enlarged 
glands, swellings, etc. ABSORBINE 
at your druggist, $2.00 a bottle, or 
delivered postpaid. ' 

Made only by W. F. Young, P. D. 
F., 109 Temple St., Springfield, Mass. 



A NEW HAY PRESS. 
The Collins Plow Co., of Quincy, 
Illinois, have a new press this year. 
It is a horse-power press, full circle 
type, but it makes a distinct step on- 
ward. It does faster work than 
other presses of the kind because it 
is both a self feed and a three- 
stroke press; that is, there are three 
strokes of the plunger to every round 
of the team. This is the first truly 
successful press of this kind because 
the Collins Plow Company have 



GALLOWAYS 



Registered stock of both sexes for 
sale. 

No orders taken for bulls except 
calves for future delivery. 

Cows and heifers, all ages. 

Sold on approval. I take all risks. 
Prices moderate. 

Built like hogs, fatten like hogs. 
and make fine robes. 

N. S. HOPKINS 
Gloucester, Va. 



RED POLLS 

Will Virginia and North Carolina 
farmers be convinced that these are 
the cattle for them, "Write for pho- 
tos and records. We will interest 
you. Second prize bull at last Inter- 
national now at head of herd. Two 
prime cows now ready. Most any 
time you can buy a calf. 

H. B. ARBUCKXE, 

Maxwelton, W. Va. 

PINEHURST 

BERKSHIRES 

Fifty (50) Berkshire Hogs for sale. 
The best blood in the country. 

Send for catalogue and price list. 
LEONARD TUFTS, Pinehurst, N. C. 

Devon Herd Established 1884. Hamp- 
shire Down Flock Established 1880. 

DEVON CATTLE 

BULLS AND HEIFERS, 

HAMPSHIREDOWN SHEEP, 

RAMS AND EWES. 

ROBERT J. FARRER, Orange, Va. 

Ingleside Herefords 

Polled and standard bred — 200 head 
in herd. All ages, both sexes. Write 
for catalogue and prices. Inspection 
Invited. Farm near Alderson, W. Va., 
on C. & O. R. R. Address. 
«. XV. Anderson, Blaker Mills, W. Va. 

VALLEY FRONT FARM. 

Sassafras, Gloucester Co., Va. 

I have a nice lot of registered Here 
ferd Bulls and Heifers, for sale at 
Farmers' prices. Also a number of 
Trade Heifers and cows. My herd rep- 
"esents best strains and choice lndi- 
'Iduala. 

Wm. O. Stnhha. Pro*. 

Walnut Hills Herd. 

Twenty-five Registered Angus fe- 
males and two bulls for sale. 

J. P. THOMPSON, Orange, Va. 

JERSEYS 

Combination and Golden Lad. For sale 

46 Cows, 6 Heifers, 25 Bulls. 

S. E. NIVEN, Landenberg, Pa. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



631 



Bargains in 
REGISTERED 

Live Stock 

I am going 1 to offer some bar- 
gains In pure-bred stock for the 
next sixty days, and anyone 'want- 
ing a good Short Horn Bull, or a 
Percheron Stallion colt or a stal 
lion old enogh for service; or a 
registered Saddle Stallion, can save 
money by coming to the Lynnwood 
Stock Farm and selecting a "herd 
header." 

I can also supply the wants of 
anyone looking for Berkshire pigs 
of either sex. 

I will also sell a few Percheron 
Stallions after July 1st, that are 
at present making seasons in the 
stud. 

JOHN F. LEWIS 

Lynnvrood, Va. 

Station, Lewis, N. &. W. R. R. 



Elkton Stock Farm 

Breeders of pure-bred, registered 
Hereford Cattle and Berkshire Hogs 

Young stock for sale at all times 
at reasonable prices. All statements 
and representations guaranteed. 
Forest Depot, Virginia. 



TWELVE FINE 



JACKS 

From three to six years old for sale 
at reasonable and accommodating 
terms or will exchange for mules. 

H. C. LESTER, Martinsville, 

Henry County, Va. 

JACKS 

AND 

Saddlers 

The Cook Farms have 175 head of 
registered jacks, jennetts and saddle 
horses. One hundred head of these 
must be sold by the 16th of May. If 
you want a bargain in a good jack 
or stallion write quick or visit the 
Cook Farms. 
J. F. COOK & CO., Lexington, Ky. 




DTJROC-JERSEY and TAMWORTH 

SWINE. 

Sterling Stock Farm, 

R. W. Watnon, Petersburg, Va 

FOR MORGAN COLTS 

and Fillies and Hlgh-Bred Fox Hountf 
Puppies. Address, 

Dr. JOHN D. MASSKNOILL, 
BlotwrvOle, T*u. 



learned how to make an automatic 
self feeder which feeds fast enough 
to mane a three-stroke machine a 
success. This three-stroke, self-feed, 
full circle press is a hummer at its 
work. It is one of the best of its 
kind turned out by the Collins Plow 
Company and they are sort of head- 
quarters for hay presses. They make 
eighteen styles and several sizes of 
each. If you are a hay maker you 
will be interested in it. It is de- 
scribed along with all the other "Eli" 
presses in the Company's new cata- 
logue. Better send for a copy and 
learn all about it. The book is free, 
but mention this paper when you 
write. 



PRESERVING WOODWORK. 

Wood Preservation, or the treat- 
ment of lumber, with some effective 
preparation so as to prevent prema- 
ture rot and decay, is yearly becom- 
ing more of a necessity to the farm- 
er as well as the railroad company, 
factory or mine owner. All recognize 
it as a maens for reducing lumber 
bills and keeping the annual mainte- 
nance charge down to the proper 
level. Prices of lumber have risen 
enormously within the last ten years, 
the increase on some varieties 
amounting to over one hundred per 
cent. Preservative treatment offers 
a means to offset this by greatly pro- 
longing the natural life of the wood- 
work. 

On the farm an efficient method of 
wood preservation is of untold value. 
There is woodwork of every kind 
which needs protection. Firstly, 
shingle roofs and sidings. Efficient 
treatment will add from 100 to 200 
per cent, to their natural life. Then 
there is the silo which requires pre- 
servative treatment, so as to prevent 
the moisture and gases formed in the 
fermentation of the ensilage from de- 
stroying the woodwork within a few 
years. As a matter of fact, silos 
are nearly always treated with the 
best preservative obtainableAnother 
large item of expense is the replacing 
of rotted fence posts or the building 
of new fences. Posts can be mde to 
last from two to four times their ordi- 
nary service, by applying a first-class 
preservative. The cost of treatment 
per post is very low, so that the sav- 
ing which can be secured is very 
large. Furthermore, sills, joists porch 
floors and their understructures, sta- 
ble floors, well platforms and curbing 
and other woodwork placed on or 
near the ground or exposed to much 
moisture can be treated to great ad- 
vantage. 

The famous German wood preserv- 
er, "Avenarius Carbolineum," on the 
market since 1875, is recognized by 
leading authorities everywhere to be 
the most efficient, practical, economi- 
cal preservative paint for all farm 
uses. It is a thin, oily, nut-brown li- 
quid of great penetrating power, and 
is applied either with a brush, with 



Horses and Mules 
at a Bargain. 

One handsome black mare, 5 years 
old; extra fine driver, with plenty 
of style, beautifully shaped; easy 
to keep; works well everywhere. 

One light bay mare, 5 years old, weight 
about 1,050 lbs., height 15% hands. 
Gentle enough for a family horse. 
Handsome and stylish enough to 
please the most fastidious. 

One mahogany bay mare, 6 years old, 
weight about 1,000 lbs., height 15% 
hands. A reliable worker anywhere. 
A handsome and stylish driver. 
These animals are all fine brood 
mares and will be bred free of charge 
to superb Hackney stallion. They 
are all home raised with good blood 
in them and will be sold under a 
full written guarantee. 

One pair of well matched black horse 
mules, 2 years old, blocky and well 
shaped. This pair of fine two year 
olds will be sold at a special bar- 
gain if bought at once. 

WM. M. WATKINS, 
. Saxe, Charlotte Co., Va. 



HACKNEYS 



For Sale: 4 year old Chestnut Stallion, 1st 
prize as a 3 year old; three 2 year old Stall- 
ions; some fine fillies, elegantly bred, by 
such horses as Matchless Dane and 
Baglhorpe Sultan. 



Aldie Stud and Stock Farms 
ALDIE, VA. 



"Breed Only to the Best" 

RED COURT 38712 

A standard-bred Kentucky Stallion. 
A' Futurity Race Winner. 2 year old' 
trial 2:26, splendidly bred, grandson 
of Geo. Wilkes. 

Even common mares bred to a horse 
of this kind find ready sales as drivers- 
and roadsters. 

Terms: $15 for season, usual return 
pr.'vilege. A sure foal getter. Mares 
sent from distance receive our beat at- 
tention. Write for pedigree. 
BIRCHLAND FARM, News Perry, Va. 

Send us your orders for Aberdeen- 
Angus calves. Some beauties on hand 
now. 

ONE PAIR 

SORREL COLTS 

Four years old, well bred and well 
matched, weight about 1,000 lbs, 16 
hands high, drive nicely, perfect bean- 
ties. Write 



C. E. DICKINSON, 



Chilesbnrg, Va. 



SHETLAND PONIES 

A few choice Geldings, Mares and 
Stallions left. As the demand is 
great, this supply will not last long. 
All registered. 

MONTROSE SHETLAND PONY FARM, 
CnrtcrsvlIIe, Va. 



<532 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



June, 



Want Ads. 



Rates 2 cents per word. Cash with 
order. Initials and figures count aa 
one word; 25 ents minimum charge. 



POULTRY, ETC. 

BARRED PLYMOUTH ROCKS (CY- 
phers and Thompson strains) eggs 
from pens containing birds with egg 
records of 120 to 175 per year. $1.50 
and $2 per sitting of 13. Cocks 
heading $2.00 pens are exhibi- 
tion birds from egg laying strain, 
fit to show In any company. Satis- 
faction and a fair hatch guaranteed. 
Mountain View Poultry Farm and 
Kennels, Glenvar, Va. 

BERKSHIRE PIONEER POULTRY 
Yards, offer Golden Penciled Ham- 
burgs, White Crested Black Polish, 
13 eggs, $2; Salmon Faverolles, 13 
eggs $3. Silver Spangled Hamburgs, 
Partridge Wyandottes, Golden Sea- 
bright Bantams, Cornish Indian 
Games, Pearl Guineas, "White Guin- 
eas, Pekin Ducks, Indian Runner 
Ducks, 13 eggs $1. Circular. A. E. 
Parsons, Berkshire, N. Y. 

SPECIAL NOTICE — TO EVERY READ- 
er of Southern Planter that will 
send me 25 cents and a self-ad- 
dressed stamped envelope, I will 
send them a perfect, true and tried 
recipe telling how anyone can make 
enough harmless preparation for the 
cost of 50 cents, to keep 100 dozen 
eggs perfectly nice and fresh for 
twelve months. Mrs. Geneva Lan- 
caster, Route 1, Castalia, N. C. 

ROSE AND SINGLE CCMB RHODE 
Island Reds of the very best blood, 
prize-winning strains. Twenty fine 
cockerels that must go, $1 each; 
Trios, $2.70; twenty laying pullets 
at $1.50 each; fresh fertile eggs, 15 
$1: 30, $1.75; 50, $2.50; 100, $4.50, and 
safe delivery guaranteed. Thos. S. 
Turner, Dickens, Va. 

S. C. W. LEGHORNS, 50 ONE AND 
two year old hens and six cocks for 
sale to make room for growing 
stock, also a few early March pul- 
lets that escaped the toe punch. 
Eggs at reduced price. W. H. Dens- 
more, Route 3, Roanoke, Va. 

INDIAN RUNNER DUCKS— IN 1907 I 
purchased stock of noted breeders 
who had just won 1st honors at N. 
Y. and Chicago Poultry Shows. Will 
sell a few trios of these for $3.50. 
Eggs $1 for 11, $2 for 25. My ducks 
have ideal range. Reports on 
hatches for this season show over 
90 per cent, of eggs fertile. W. W. 
Henry, Jr., Broad Run, Farquier Co., 
Va. 

FRESH, FERTILE EGGS FROM LINE 
Bred Barred Plymouth Rocks. Bred 
for winter laying, correct markings. 
Eggs $1 for 18; $1.50 for 36. After 
June 15th Indian Runner Duck eggs 
$1 for 15. Carefully gathered, packed 
well, satisfaction guaranteed. Mrs. 
M. F. Gooch, Somerset, Orange Co., 
Va. 

RARE BARGAIN IN BREEDING PENS 
of the following breeds: Light and 
Dark Brahmas, Whie and Barred 
Rock, R. I. Reds, White, Buff, Sil- 
ver Lace, Partridges and Columbian 
Wyandottes. Eggs reduced; 25 var- 
ieties. Write your wants to-day. 
Clarence Shenk, Luray, Va. 

PHEASANT EGGS — ENGLISH RING- 
neck, finest stock, $2.50 per '15. Pam- 
phlet Instructions with order. Blue- 
ridge Pheasantry, Bedford City, Va. 



BUFF ORPINGTONS AND BROWN 
Leghorns, Single Comb. Eggs bal- 
ance of the season, $1 per 15. From 
prize winners. Bred to lav and win. 
Summit Poultry Yards, 2205 Park 
Ave., Richmond, Va., J. H. Thomp- 
son & Co., Props. 



BEAUTIFUL ROSE COMB RHODE 
Island Red chicks, from prize-win- 
ning stock, for sale at two months 
old, 10 cents each. Intended to start 
a yard of Reds but have changed 
my mind, hence I offer them for 
sale. Mrs. M. F. Gooch, Somerset, Va. 



CHINA AND ENGLISH PHEASANT 
Eggs, expressage prepaid, $3 dozen; 
50 eggs, $9. Goldens $4.50 doz. Easier 
raised and more profitable than 
chickens. Write for circular. Simp- 
son's Pheasant Farm, Corvallls, Ore. 



WHITE WYANDOTTES, BEAUTIFUL 
and useful; fine in color, comb and 
shape. Hardy farm raised which 
lay. Bargain in eggs at $1 per 15; 
$5 per 100. C. R. Moore, Route 5, 
Staunton, Va. 



POULTRY, ETC., (Continued). 

"REDS" BOTH COMBS FOR SALE 
at a sacrifice now for bargains. 
In stock as good as the best. State 
wants. Egg prices reduced. W. 
Shook, McGaheysville, Va. 



WHITE WYANDOTTES, PRIZE-WIN- 
ners and splendid egg-producing 
strain, 20 eggs $1. Mammoth Bronze 
Turkeys from show winners and best 
strains, 12 eggs, $1.25. Sunnyside 
Farm, Jonesville, Va. 



EGGS FOR ' HATCHING. WHITE 
Rocks exclusively. Fishel's direct. 
Pen No. 1, $2.50 per 15; Pen No. 2, 
$1.50. Brooke B. Gochnauer, Upper- 
ville, Va. 



WHITE WYANDOTTE EGGS FROM 
pure-bred, prize-winning and trap- 
nest stock. Sitting 15, $1. Jno. Stokes 
Prop. Farmville Poultry Yards, 
Farmville, Va, 



PURE-BRED WHITE WYANDOTTES, 
first class stock in every respect. 
Eggs in season $1.50 per sitting. O. 
O. Harrison, Mt. Ulla, N. C. 



FOR SALE — S. C. ■ W. LEGHORNS, 
Wyckoff strain, one cockerel and six 
laying pullets for $6.50. Margaret 
Moncure, Rectory, Va. 



LIVE STOCK. 



REGISTERED BERKSHIRE PIGS, 
none better. Longfellow, Lord Pre- 
mier and Blenheim, blood, Jersey 
Cattle. Prices and treatment right. 
Clarmont Farm, Chas. P. Macgill, 
Proprietor. Address Chas. and W. D. 
Macgill, Mgrs., Pulaski, Va. 



POLAND-CHINA PIGS FOR SALE — 
Perfection strain, perfect pictures, 
for June delivery. Prices right, no 
runts. Also an exceptionally fine 
Percheron Colt, 13 months old. Will 
make good stallion. Good shape, 
iron gray; weight 750 pounds. H. L. 
Hayes, Bealeton, Va. 



POLAND-CHINAS — THE LARGE MEL- 
low kind; sunshine strain; grand lot 
of male and female pigs that must 
go — $7 each at eight weeks old. 
They are good, smooth, heavy-set 
pigs, with good points. Thos. S. Tur- 
ner, Dickens, Va. 



FOR SALE — TWO PURE - BRED 
Polled Angus Bull Calves, nine and 
eleven months old; will be sold 
cheap. T. A. Luck, Croxton, Va. 



SEE BEFORE YOU BUY. WRITE 
your wants of large Yorkshires, I 
win send photograph and price that 
will surprise you. W. E. Stlckley, 
Strasburg, Va. 



FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE— ANGUS 
Cattle for first-class trotting bred 
stallion or Percheron mares, Hack- 
ney mares and colts for sale cheap. 
All stock registered. Myer & Son, 
Bridgeville, Del. 

SEVERAL YOUNG REGISTERED AB- 
erdeen Angus bulls. Sired by Gold 
Nugget 26957, who was never beaten 
in the show ring, at farmers' prices. 
David I. Jaynes, Massaponax, Va., 
Member of the Aberdeen Angus 
Breeders Association. 

FOR SALE— BERKSHIRE BOARS, 
ready for service. Male and females 
8 weeks old, all from large, fine ani- 
mals. Prices reasonable for first- 
class stock. Evergreen Farms, W. B. 
Gates, Prop., Rice Depot, Va. 

HEREFORD CATTLE FOR SALE. A 
herd of pure-bred and graded Here- 
fords, headed by Gazetteer II. All 
young and highly bred, for prices, 
etc, write Mrs. Thos. H. .Walker. 
Pemberton, Va. 

PONIES — SEVERAL SHETLAND AND 
others for children, well broken. Cne 
pair matched roan mares, 6 years, 
kind; single and double. J. M. Cun- 
ningham, Brandy Station, Va. 

REGISTERED GUERNSEY CATTLE 
for sale from the best milking 
strains and Advanced Register stock. 
Prices moderate. G. M. Wallace, Fal- 
mouth, "Va. 

FLEETFORD FARM, BEDFORD CITY, 
Va., I am offering a ■ few choice 
Berkshires from registered stock at 
reasonable prices. Dr. M. A. Croc- 
kett. 

WANTED FOUR TO SIX REGISTER- 
ed Yearling Shorthorn Heifers, from 
good milking strain. Must be good 
ones at reasonable prices. Address 
Box 1, Somerset, Va. 

FOR SALE— $15 LAMBS FOR $12.95. 
Sired by Dorset Buck Glenanow 12. 
F. M. Merriwether, Route No. 4, 
Lynchburg, Va. 

FOR SALE ABOUT SIXTY SHEEP 
and Lambs; also Pure Bred Berk- 
shire Sows and Pigs; cheap if taken 
soon. E. E. Thompson, Magruder, Va. 

DORSET BARGAINS — REGISTERED 
and grades. Exceptional prices to 
prompt buyers. H. Armstrong, Box 
244, Mt. Jackson, Va. 

FOR SALE— BERKSHIRE GILTS, 
Best ' breeding; prices reasonable. 
Satisfaction guaranteed. J. W. 

Adams, Addison, Va. 

ONE RED POLLED BULL CALF WELL 
bred at prices right. Also S. C. W. 
Leghorn eggs $1 per sitting of 15. 
T. C. Morton, Rice Depot, Va. 

REGISTERED PERCHERON MARES 
in foal or with foal at foot. Birdwood 
Stock farm, Birdwood, Va. 

FOR SALE — REGISTERED PERCH- 
eron yearling stud colts. Birdwood 
Stock Farm, Birdwood, Va. 



FOX, DEER, COON AND OPOSSUM 
hounds and pups, $3.50 to $15 each. 
For bargains write me. E. F. Wil- 
mouth, Shelbyville, Ky. 

YORKSHIRE PIGS 7 WEEKS OLD, $6 5 
Berkshire pigs 7 weeks, $5. L. B. 
Johnson, Charlottesville, Route 4, Va. 

WANTED REGISTERED RED POLL 
Bull. Give age, size and lowest cash 
price. O. C. Hooker, Amelia, Va. 



A Neat Binder for your back num- 
bers can be had for 30 cents. Address 
our Business Denartment. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



633 



DOGS, PET STOCK, ETC. 

PURE-BRED BELGIAN HARES. 
Some nice stock for sale. Write for 
particulars. Tillman E. Jeter, Paces, 
Va. 

FOR SALE — TAME WHITE RATS 
with beautiful eyes, 50 cents a pair. 
Ida Bowles, Cardwell, Va. 

FOR SALE— 3 WELL-BRED POINTER 
pups nine weeks old. Brown with 
white markings. E. Woolston, Up- 
perville, Va. 

SHEPHERD GYP, ADVERTISED LAST 
month, sold. First $5 gets choice 
of two others. One Shepherd, one 
Collie, ready for training. Jack 
Word, Christiansburg, Va. 

FIVE PURE BRED SETTER PUPS 
for sale, two months old. Turkey 
stock. V. S. Kidd, Box 128, Seotts- 
vllle, Va. 



REAL ESTATE. 

FOR RENT OR WORK ON SHARES — 
a fine farm especially adapted to 
dairying, stock breeding and truck- 
ing. Near splendid market for all 
dairy and farm products. Station, 
post office, express office, church and 
school on farm. Excellent neigh- 
borhood. A bargain for the right 
man. Apply Oak Hill Stock & Dairy 
Farm. Wenonda. Va 

FARMS FOR SALE. TWO EXCEL- 
ent Farms in Lunenburg County 2% 
miles south of Victoria on the Vir- 
ginian Railway. One contains 209 
acres, eight room dwelling, neces- 
sary outhouses. The other contains 
333 acres good low grounds with 
two streams running through it. 
For full information apply to John 
Stokes, Farmville, Va. -4]t 



FOR SALE— 40 ACRES VALUABLE 
Coal Land in West Virginia, under- 
paid with famous New River coal. 
Worth $100 per acre. Price for quick 
sale $50 per acre or will exchange 
for Virginia farm worth from $1,500 
to $2,500 and give or receive the 
difference. S. B. McBride, Tipton, W. 
Va. 

WANTED— FARMS AND BUSINESSES 
everywhere. Don't pay agent's com- 
missions. We find you cash buyer 
direct. Describe property fully nam- 
ing lowest price. Get our free ad- 
vice as to best property to buy. 
American Investment Association, 518 
20th Ave., North. Minneapolis, Minn. 



FINE ESTATE FOR SALE — THREE 
sets of handsome buildings; resi- 
dences contain 10, 9 and 8 rooms; 
five other settlements. Beautiful sit- 
uation, good gTazing and farming 
land, 1,200 acres. Will divide. Price 
$25; close to town. A. H. Clement, 
Appomattox, Va. 

WANTED— IMPROVED FRUIT FARM, 
ten or more acres standard bearing 
winter apples; some good tillable 
land. Blue Ridge section preferred. 
Give lowest cash price: description — 
location, elevation, exposure, etc., 
Buver, care Y. M. C. A., Washington, 
D. C. 

WANTED — A FARM OF ABOUT 200 
acres. State nature and lay of land, 
buildings, fences, terms, etc. Ad- 
dress Dock Box 204, Terre Alta, W. 
Va. 



FIVE- 


AND 


TEN-ACRE 


TRACTS OF 


Fine 


Gard 


;n Land for 


sale on 


easy 


terms 


. W. 


H. Garrett, 


Arcade, 


Nor- 


folk, 


Va. 









FINE FRUIT LAND. 94 ACRES CLOSE 
to R. R., 650 trees set. Will make 
fine summer home that will soon pay 
a handsome dividend. W. H. Adkins. 
Swoope, Va. 



20-ACUE II' ).M 10. TWl I IK >U US Mil YK 
from Washington; new buildings; 
soft water, springs, brook, bargain. 
Correspondence solictied. A. Jeffers, 
Burke, Va. 

WANTED TO EXCHANGE CITY LOTS 
In Gulfport, Miss., for Shetland 
ponies, collies, blood hounds, or 
fancy poultry. J. D. Stodghill, Shel- 
byville, Ky. 

WANTED FARM IN VIRGINIA SUIT- 
able for dairy, near city, railroad, or 
salt water. Give full description first 
letter or circular. R. F. D., Box 19, 
Laurel, Md. 

WANTED TO BUY A BLUE GRASS 
Stock and Grain Farm of 300 acres 
or over. Write what you have to 
John A. Gretter, Guilford College, 
N. C. 



POSITIONS HELP. 



WANTED POULTRYMAN, MARRIED. 
Must be man of experience in all 
branches of poultry, and good work- 
er; one who has good judgment in 
building up a promisiing poultry 
plant. Permanent position, and good 
home with garden to right party. 
Salary $35.00, with increase after 
making business successful. Refer- 
ences required. Virginia, care South- 
ern Planter. 

SITUATION WANTED, MALE FARM 
Manager, experienced German, 35, 
married, no children, wants position. 
Address D. K. 100.' Care Southern 
Planter. 

WANTED SITUATION NEAR RICH- 
mond, as working foreman by young 
married man. Address H., care 
Southern Planter. 

POSITION WANTED BY FARM MAN- 
ager. Thoroughly reliable and com- 
petent to take entire charge; used 
to stock and all kinds of machin- 
ery. G. S., care Southern Planter. 

SEED, PLANTS, Etc. 



NICE BRIGHT SOJA BEANS FOR 

sale. Price $1.10 per bu. Also Cow 

Peas, $1.25. Samuel A. Windley, 
Lake Landing, N. C. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 



WANTED — TO BUY ALL KINDS 
Wild Birds and Animals, particularly 
Tame Deer, Wild Turkeys, White 
Squirrels, Peafowl, Otters, Red Foxe* 
Gray Squirrels, Partridges, Pheas- 
ants, Beaver. State price when writ- 
ing. Dr. Cecil French, Naturalist, 
Washington, D. C. 

I HAVE $4,500 STOCK IN THE WIN- 
dow_Glass Factory in Clarksburg, W. 
Va., and a $4,000 dwelling house I 
would like to trade for a farm of 
same value near Richmond, if pos- 
sible. Will furnish description on 
application. Jules Mayeur, South 
Charleston, W. Va. 



RICHMOND 



W^D 



VI RCINIA 



WOODWARD & SON, RICHMOND, Va. 
Lumber, Laths, Shin- 
gles, Sash, Blinds, 
Doors, Frames, 
Mouldings, Asphalt 
Roofing. Yards and 
buildings covering ten acres. 

WANTED — RELIABLE TENANT, FOR 
200-acre stock farm in Southwest 
Virginia. References required con- 
cerning industry, management and 
honesty. Write fully to M. care 
Southern Planter. 

WANTED A SECOND HAND STUMP 
Puller. F. L. Huggins, P. O. Box 
314, Wilmington, N. C. 



THRESHING MACHINE FOR SALE, 
A new (never used) J. I. Case, 18x 
22in. steel encased wheat thresher, 
separator and cleaner in our hands 
for sale. Price $175. A great bargain. 
Ashton Starke, Richmond, Va. 



WANTED— ABOUT 100 LBS. OF FLAX 
ready for spinning. W. Wade, Oak- 
mont. Pa. 



Farms for Sale. 



$16,000. — Contains 346 acres, 50 acres 
timber, balance in blue grass sod, ex- 
cepting some small crops. Good or- 
chard consisting of standard varieties 
of apple and pear trees. Soil is cecil 
or chocolate clay. Watered with 
mountain springs and streams. Is 
conveniently divided into fields, and 
is substantially fenced with woven 
wire and locust post. Situated right 
at railway station. Incorporated town 
at foot of mountains. Macadamized 
road divides the farm and passes dir- 
ectly in front of lawn and dwelling. 
Improvements: 9-room Colonial dwell- 
ing, one bath-room — hot and cold wa- 
ter in bath and pantry; front and 
back stairway, two halls and recep- 
tion hall; cellar under entire dwell- 
ing, out-kitchen, servants' room, ice- 
house. Dwelling is surrounded with 
large and sloping lawn; delightful 
shade, consisting of numerous varie- 
ties of choice trees. Stone entrance. 
Two large barns, about 40x60 feet, in 
perfect condition; two tenant houses, 
hog house, corn house, chicken house, 
implement house and wood house are 
among the outbuildings. 

MUST BE SOLD TO 
SETTLE AN ESTATE 

$3,500. — Contains 120 acres, 25 acres 
in timber, balance in grass and under 
cultivation. Situated on Potomac Riv- 
er, 3% miles of railway station, in 
Loudoun county, Va. Is well fenced 
and conveniently divided into fields. 
Improvements: Eight-room dwelling, 
porches, shade, large lawn; new barn 
20x26 feet; spring house, garden, 
small fruits. 

$3,200. — Contains 90 acres, all clear- 
ed, and directly adjoins 120-acre farm 
above described; is without improve- 
ments; situated right on Potomac Riv- 
er. 



Send for my Catalogue of Northern 
Virginia farms. I would be glad to 
see you at my place by appointment. 



GEORGE W. SUMMERS, 

Real Estate and Loan Broker, 

Sterling, Va. 



1 HORSE dALlSI HOUR 



On our wonderful new Daisy SELF-THREAD- 
ING, seif-feeding, one-horse hay press. It is 
the only one on the market on which one 
man can do all the work. This first success- 
ful .self-threading device — greatest time 
saver ever. Condenser and open bars on bale 

hopper '-•increase capacity and prevent 

Vj^^Mi^^^^iork catching. 
TPi-T^^^^Ftvc days' 

, __ . ^_^^__jifiaEnL^m! f r r ° trial. 

/ «S&VrI Write today 

a for prices 

|TTrMKUand circulars. 



Always mention The Southern 
Planter when writing advertisers- 



634 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 




Ft. Lewis St ock Farm 

THE BEST PLACE FOR BLOOD AND REGISTERED 

BERKSHIRES 

White Leghorn, »*U breeds of Plymouth Rock, Black 
Minorca and Rhode Island Red Fowls. Eggs from these 
pure-blooded birds for sale. 

DR. W. L,. NOLEN, PROPRIETOR, SALEM. VA. 




a sprayer, or by immersion of the lum- 
ber to be treated. Being a strong an- 
tiseptic, its use can be recommended 
in stables, pens and coops for sani- 
tary reasons. In fact, it is known as 
the most radical remedy against 
chicken lice, mites and other ver- 
min. Full information can be ob- 
tained from Bulletin 26. Mailed up- 
on request by the Carbolineum Wood 
Preserving Co., 346 West Broadway, 
New York, N. Y. 



SCRAP CORRESPONDENCE. 

Editor Southern Planter:— I here- 
with enclose an interesting clipping 
from a Roanoke paper which may 
interest you. K # 

"At the Roanoke Fair of 1906, Mr. 
David Craft, who lives at Eagle 
Rock, Botetourt county, bought an 
English Berkshire pig from Dr. J. D. 
Kirk, of this city. January 10th last, 
the hog was killed and weighed 997 
pounds net. It is not known whether 
Mr. Craft has another hog of this 
class, but, if he has not, and would 
purchase a few more, hog raising 
would pay better than most any busi- 
ness." 



Omderman, Sudan, Africa. 

Editor Southern Planter: — Enclosed 
find $1.00, for which please send to 
my address one copy of the South- 
ern Poultry Guide. 

I have one hen that travelled 1,500 
miles in December, 1908, arriving 
here on the 15th and began laying 
January 3, 1909, since which time she 
had laid seventy-five eggs to date — 
April 9th. J. K. GIFFEN. 



Charlotte, N. Y. 
Editor Southern Planter: — I think 
you print the best also the most farm 
knowledge for the money of any pa- 
per of which I know. It should be 
read and your advice followed by all 
the Southern farmers and I am sure 
that a lot of us Northern farmers 
would be better off by far if we read 
more of such farm literature as your 
journal. C. HURLBURT. 



Blackstone, Va. 
The tourist left the train at every 
station and went ahead to the bag- 
gage car to ask if his trunk was safe. 
"Are you quite sure," he asked the 
baggage man for the sixth time, "that 
my trunk is safe?" "Begorry, I wish 
that the Lord had made ye an ele- 
phant instead of an ass," was the ex- 
asperated reply, "and* then you'd al- 
ways have your trunk in front of 
you." 



GLENBURN BERKSHIRES. 



Herd headed by Lord Premier 3d, 96773, Predominant 94342 and Eminent 
Premier 118253. Lord Premier 3d is a great son of Lord Premier 50001 and a 
brother in blood to Lord Premier's Rival. Predominant is a very handsome 
son of the grand champion Premier Longfellow 68600 and Eminent Premier 
is a gTandson of both Lord Premier and Masterpiece. Our sows are bred 
along the same lines and are superb individuals. 

Also Forfarshire-Golden Lad Jerseys. Write for catalogue. 



DR. J. D. KIRK, 



ROANOKE, 



VIRGINIA. 



CHOICE BERKSHIRE PIGS of the BEST BLOOD and QUALITY 

If you want a pair or trio of pigs 
from the best and most prolific strains 
of Berkshires, write me. My sows 
are of the best blood of the breed, 
being daughters and granddaughters 
of Premier Longfellow, Baron Duke 
the 50th, and the noted Huntress. 

Their litters are by my great herd 
boars, Hunter of Biltmore 3d, and 
Earhart's Model Premier. 

These boars are a big, fancy type, 
are of the best prize-winning blood of 
the world and their pigs are the kind that will make you money. 

Let me quote you prices on first-class pigs and ready-for-service boars. 
I ship everything subject to your examination and approval and my price« 
are reasonable. Address, 

D. E. EARHART, Brlstow, Va. 




For Sale 

BERKSHIR E GILTS 
JERSEY BU LL 

Forest Home Farm, 

Purcellville, "Va. 



Berkshires For Sale, 




One of the best herds In the East. 

Bred Sows, Gilts, Young Boars nut 
lgs for Sale. 

All stock shipped as represented or 
money refunded. 

W. R. FENSOM, 
Richmond, Va. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



635 



Birdwood Farm Percherons 



IMPORTED AND HOME BRED MARES AND STALLIONS 



We have the right 
kind; big, heavy= 
boned horses. 

Our stud includes 
mares up to 2,200 
pounds in weight. 

Come and select 
what you want. 
Salesman always 
on the farm. 




YEARLING COLTS, 

MARES OR STALLIONS 

AT 

$2QOto$300 

PRICES ON MARES 

FROM 

$375 to $1,OOQ 
COLORS 

BLACKS & GREYS 

All Stock Registered 
in Percheron Society of America 



GAULATTE 48947 (71858) 1st prize 2-year-old mare, International 1908. 



BIRDWOOD STOCK FARM, Birdwood, Albemarle County, Va. [ 2 ch SS!e f ] 




IM 



FOR PROTECTING CATTLE AGAINST BLACKLEG. 

—SURE. 



NO DOSE TO MEASURE. NO LIQUID TO SPILL, NO STRING TO ROT. 



KRESO DIP FOR ALL. LIVE STOCK 

Kills Lice, Mites and Fleas. Cures Mange, Scab, Ringworm. Disinfects, Cleanses, Purifies. 

ANTHRAXOIDS 



A SA 



ANTHRAX VACCIN 



FOR PROTECTING HORSES, MULES, CATTLE, SHEEP, GOATS AND SWINE AGAINST ANTHRAX. 

WRITE FOR FREE BOOKLETS UPON THESE PRODUCTS. 



branches: 

New York, Kansas City, Baltimore, 

N«w Orleans, Boston, Chicago, 

St. Louis and 

Minneapolis, U. S. A. 



PARKE, DAVIS & CO. 



DETROIT, 



DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL INDUSTRY. 

MICHIGAN, 



U. S. A. 




OoL 
S. W. 



636 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



[June, 




WOODSIDE BERKSHIRES 

EVERYTHING SHIPPED ON APPROVAL. 

IT WILL PAY YOU TO READ THIS CAREFULLY. 

We are now o fering a grand lot of Pigs 
for June delivery. 

These pigs are sired by our three great boars, 
Charmer's Premier 94553, two years old, weight, 720 pounds; Master Lee 79379, weighing over 700 
pounds; and Lustre's Carlisle 72057, and out of royally bred sows weighing from 500 to 600 lbs. each. 

We can always furnish pigs not akin. In order to show our confidence in what we offer and 
inusre satisfaction to our customers, we ship on approval. You need not send check until after you 
receive the pigs, and if they are not entirely satisfactory in every respect, you can return them at our 
expense, and it costs you absolutely nothing. We leave it to you whether this is a fair proposition. 

Address, 

WOODSIDE STOCK FARM, R. S. Farish, Prop., Charlottesville, Va. 



A JOURNAL OP EASTERN 

TRAVEL. 

Article No. 7. 

Travel stained and weary, we 
•reached our hotel in Tokyo at 8 
o'clock in the evening, and received 
our first mail. Among our foreign let- 
ters were cards to a reception given 
to Admiral Togo that very evening at 
the American Legation. We debated 
for a time whether to go to bed or 
to the reception, but decided on the 
latter as more exciting. We still had 
to get our dinner and have our trunks 
brought, so it seemed doubtful wheth- 
er we could get ready in time, but we 
finally did and drove off to the re- 
ception, arriving very late and find- 
ing the court yard crowded wuh car- 
riges ahead of us. As we went up 
to the cloakroom, two Japanese la 
dies in magnificient French uall dress- 
es and slippers, with tiaras oi dia- 
monds in their, hair were coming 
down, the very picture of absurdity. 
Foreign clothes do not become the 
Japanese women at all. Their figures 
are made for draperies. We had to 
worm our way through ranks of Jap- 
anese officers, in glittering uniforms, 
covered with orders, to speak to our 
host and hostess. 

The military attache introduced us 
to Togo, who received alone in the 
library. He is a shy, retiring little 
man, very dark, like all the fighting 
men of the Satsuma province. His 
eyes are very bright, and his express- 
ion dignified and pleasing. The Jap- 
nese present on this occasion nad the 
delicate features of patricians, unlike 
the squat, Mongolian look of the cool- 
ies. The ladies were quite light col- 
ored, thought not always pretty, as 
Japanese women fade very early. But 
they are always agreeable, as that is 
the end and aim of their existence. 
They are beginning to realize their 
limitations, more particularly those of 



BILTMORE 



JERSEY BULL CALVES AND HEIFERS 

Wo have just made a fresh selection of extra good young thing3 from our 
herd for sale, and we offer at most 

REASONABLE PRICES 

Heifers of the highest class of all ages from HEIFER CALVES TO BRED 
HEIFERS and a few well bred 

BULL CALVES OUT OF TESTED DAMS. 



POULTRY. 

Our 1909 illustrated poultry list is now ready. Write for It. 



BILTMORE FARMS, 



R. F. D. No. 2, 



BILTMORE, N. O. 



REDUCED PRICES ON 



BRED BERKSHIRE GILTS 




for next 30 days only. 

The panic drove hundreds of breed- 
ers out of business. The next tw«lv» 
months will see them tumbling »ver 
one another to get back — as the de- 
mand and prices advance. I staid in 
the boat, kept up my herd and adver- 
tisements, hence am well equipped for 
orders. My Berkshires are as fine ai 
the world can produce. Price in easy 
reach of everyone. Scores of pigs ready 
for shipment. 



THOS. S. WHITE, 



Fanalfern Stock Farm. 



LEXINGTON, VA. 



IF YOU WANT THE BEST HOG 

Buy from those who givu their sole attention to the production of the greatest Berkshire Type 

— — WI DO. 

Our herd comprises the most splendid lines of breeding and individuals 
that money can buy or experience develop in American and English Bred 
Berkshires. 

"LORD PREMIER OF THE BLUE RIDGE," 103555, the greatest living 
boar, heads our herd. If you are Interested, write. 

THE BLUE RIDGE BERKSHIRE FARMS, ASHEVILLE, N. C. 



1909.] THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. <;:;7 

MORVEN PARK ESTATE. 

Prooertv of WESTMORELAND DAVIS, Esq. 

Large White Yorkshire Swine 

THESE ARE THE BACON PIGS OP ENGLAND AND THE WEST. THEY ARE HARDY AND 
PROLIFIC. BOARS AND GILTS FOR SALE, 

Registered Guernsey Cattle. 

THESE CATTLE ARE ESPECIALLY USEFUL TO DAIRYMEN REQUIRING HIGH PER CENT. 
OF BUTTER FAT AND FINE COLOR AND FLAVOR OF PRODUCT TO SUPPLY THE BEST CLASS 
OF CUSTOM. 

Bulls Only for Sale 

Registered Dorset Horn Sheep 

THESE SHEEP WILL BRING EARLY LAMBS WHEN PRICES ARE HIGH. TRY THE3I. RAMS 
FOR SALE. 

WE ARE OFFERING A FEW GRADE DORSET EWES FROM AN ADJOINING FARM WHICH, 
UPON ARRANGEMENT, CAN BE TOPPED BY OUR PURE BRED BUCKS. THIS IS AN EXCEP- 
TIONAL OPPORTUNITY. 

REGISTERED PERCHERONS 



TWO-YEAR-OLD STALLIONS AND COLTS FOR SALE. 



ALL OF OUR STOCK IS OF THE BEST CLASS, AND FROM STRAINS ESPECIALLY SELECTED 
AND IMPORTED BY US. 



For further particulars, apply to 

Live Stock Dept., Morven Pai k Estate 

LEESBURG, LOUDOUN CO., VA 






638 



THE SOUTHEEN" PLANTER 



[June, 



ROSE DALE HERD 
ABERDEEN-ANGUS CATTLE 




We offer to the farmers and breeders of the East strictly choice 
Young Registered Bulls from weanling's to serviceable age. They 
are of the straight, broad-backed, low-down, compact, blocky type. 
Many of them show ring animals. They represent the blood of Mas- 
ter II., of Meadow Brook; Gay Lord, Jr.; Heather Lad II., Zaire "V., 
Ermine Bearer, Blackbird of Corskie IV., Black Abbott, Abbottsford, 
Coquette X., Etc. 

They are well grown out, in thrifty condition, but not pampered. 
Come and see them or write us your wants. Prices rieht. We can 
please you. Angus cattle are our specialty. We raise no other 
stock but give them our undivided personal attention. 

To avoid inbreeding we offer an exceptionally good herd bull. 
Write for particulars. Address 

ROSEDALE STOCK FARMS, JEFFERSONTON, VA. 



foreign education, and are trying to 
live on a broader plane. Still the old 
system has its advocates. All the for- 
eign men we knew said they liked 
the Oriental way of keeping women 
down, and wished they could mtro- 
duct it in their own country. 

To return to the reception, the East 
and the West blended harmoniously 
and met each other in the most gra- 
cious way. One young Japanese, 
evidently new to foreign ways, would 
fain have slid from his chair to the 
floor and, discarding knife and fork, 
used chopsticks, but decorum for- 
bade. As at all diplomatic functions 
there were elaborate flowers, music 
and supper, and throngs of interest- 
ing people. Besides the "corps diplo- 
matique," there were officers, artists, 
writers and tourists. We had the 
usual long wait for our carriage at 
end, but we did not realize how 
tired we were until we were tucked 
away in our little white beds at the 
hotel. The Imperial Hotel where we 
stayed is a large, grey structure in 
the new part of Tokyo, near pretty 
Hibiya Park, and the Nobles Club. 
The Daimyo's mansion or Yashin.i, 
which formerly stood in this part of 
the city, has ben pulled down to make 
room for modern improvements, but 
the grey walls and grass covered 



Someone is going to get a first-class Angus herd header at 

SUNNY HOME FARM 

this coming fall. Sire a Jilt, sone of the great Erica bull Imported Equestor. 

Dam sired by the world-famous Gay Blackbird (the sire of the $3,050 
Gay Lad that was champion of America during 1895-96). Second dam, a Nose- 
gay daughter of the great Beau Bill, champion during 1894 and sire of the 
dam of Vala, probably the most popular Angus female ever in the American 
Show Ring. 

Imported Equestor's sire was Equestrian, one of the greatest bulls ever 
at •'Ballendalloch." 

Don't wait for the other fellow to get this first class bull, the product 
of the greatest champions of two continents, but write and have him booked 
for you at once. Write 



A. L. FRENCH, Owner, 



Byrdville, Va. 



Moore's Brook Berkshire Herd 



We have the best lot of Pigs this 
Spring we have ever had. This breeding 
cannot be excelled and they are equal 
to their breeding. Pigs ready to ship 
after May 5th. The Fall boars are 
fine ones. Bred sows for sale after 
May 14th. Some of these will be bred 
to a fine son of Lord Premier 50,001. 




MOORE'S BROOK SANITARIUM CO., Charlottesville, Va. 



POLAND-CHINAS & SHROPSHIRES 




A promising lot of Pigs, sired by 
the Great Boars Big Jumbo 64275, and 
Dr.'s Corrector II. 72433. A few gilts 
and boars ready for service. 

A choice lot of lambs sired by my 
imported ram, Altomoat's 666. 

All stock warranted as represented 
or may be returned at my expense. 

W. 0. DURRETTE 

BlrdvTOod, Albemarle County, Va. 




3909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



639 



Incorporated 1907. "STANDARD OF EXCELLENCE." Capltnl Stock, f 100,000. 

THE VIRGINIA STOCK FARM CO. 



incorporated, 
Bellevue, Bedford County, Virginia. 

J. ELLIOTT HALL, General Manager. 



An Exceptional Opportunity 

Worthy of Your Most Careful Consideration 

H We are offering the Farmers and Stockmen of Virginia an exceptional opportunity for Investing In a mer- - 

V itorious enterprise where they are more than amply secured by tangiable assets of the very highest class — »j 

fj Real Estate and Live Stock — assets which increase in value all the time, instead of decreasing as is the case " 

with most all other forms of investments. This is an investment of genuine merit — one which will net a n 

handsome income as well as being safe beyond the possibility of a loss. *C 



It Represents: 



Absolute Safeness — 
Stock Exempt from Taxation — 
Choice Land, Rapidly Increasing In Value — 
Stock raising under most favorable conditions- 
Something the -whole world must have — 
A Product Necessary to Civilization Itself — 
Most Profitable of all Safe Investments. 



We Offer: 



A limited amount of this Capital Stock In lots of not more than five shares to any one purchaser at the »i 
par value One Hundred Dollars ($100) per share that we may develop the natural resources of the Company's ' 
farms and increase the herds to their full capacity, thus enabling us to meet the increasing demands for pure 
bred live stock of the highest quality — for "Standard Types" of the different breeds. 



Two Acres of Land for Every Share: 



Every share sold will be represented by two acres 
Idly. Real estate Is the fundamental basis of all sec 
Real Estate. It is the woof and web of every inves 
facturing Enterprises, Railroads, Transportation and 
provements that will be erected thereon from time to 
resented by about Forty Dollars ($40.00) worth of Li 
to real Estate itself and one which multiplys in val 
termed absolutely safe in all respects. 



of choice land. Land that Is increasing in value very rap- 
urity — the Assets of the world's wealth are based upon 
tment — Stocks, Bonds, Mortgages, Insurance Policies, Manu- 
of Civilization itself. Besides this Real Estate and the im- 
time, a sufficient security in itself, each share will be rep- 
ve Stock. Live Stock being an asset of equal Importance 
ue more rapidly than any other property that may be 



Explanation : 



S? Perhaps you are wondering why we are making the Farmers and Stockmen of Virginia this exceptional 

H offer — why we don't offer this stock in larger blocks and to bigger investors. This is why — we can do so, but 
?» It would not accomplish our purpose. It would not give us the support and interest of a large number of 
') stockholders. We want the Farmers of Virginia and all interested in the Agricultural Advancement of the 
" Old Dominion as stockholders. We want the close, vital interest that only some form of partnership can give. 
We want the support of the Farmer — We want him to know what we are doing and to help us do it! 

A Limited Amount for Sale: 

We are only offering a limited amount of this stock for sale at this time and reserve the right to refuse fi 
any offer. We want stockholders in each and every county in the state and reserve the right to refuse offers w 
from any county that already has several stockholders. Better not wait too long — delays sometimes mean lost •■ 
opportunities. Write us for handsome illustrated booklet giving full particulars concerning this exceptional 5f 
offer. 

WRITE FOR BOOKLET TO-DAY — Don't lose this opportunity — Talk to us as you would to your neighbor — 
Let's get acquainted — Our proposition is an honest one and worthy of your consideration — Let us hear from 
you to-day. 

"DO IT NOW." 

Address: — 



J. ELLIOTT HALL, General Manager, 



BOX A, 

Note — Kindly mention this journal when answering this advertisement. 



BELLEVUE, VIRGINIA. 



V 



*B»srEKC<iKE<n«E<E«E«n<E<n«n<niEr2KB*H«s«z«atE«c«H«CKnra 



640 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER; 



[Jtnae, 



Hygeia Herd 

Pure-Bred Holstein-Friesians 



It is no more expensive to maintain a good bull at the head of your herd than a poor one,, 
and the former is certainly worth many times his cost. Therefore, write for pedigree and price on 
one of the richly bred bulls which this herd now offers for sale. 



Address: W. F. Carter, Jr., Agent. 



Crozet, Albemarle County, Virginia. 



W. Fitzhugh Carter, M. D., Owner. 



The breed holds the milk and butter records of the world; the herd embraces some 

of its best families. 



moat which remain improve the land- 
scape. 

The hotel manager was Swiss, 
which is a guarantee of comfort and 
cleanliness, and it semed to be the 
aim of all the employes to add to the 
pleasure and comfort of the guests. 
Our room boys would have been a 
sufficient inducement to keep us. 
They performed all the services of a 
lady's maid. 

All the foreign attaches, with naval 
and military officers, had returned 
from Manchuria, and were stopping 
at the Imperial, as well as many 
Russians on parole. Brass buttons 
and gold lace were to be seen every- 
where, and life and jollity reigned 
supreme. 

Tokyo, literally, "Eastern Capital," 
is the seat of government and centre 
of national life. It typifies new 
Japan and shows everywhere the 
clash of the old and the new civiliza- 
tion. The two are working side by 
side, but, as the one developes, the 
other wanes. 

Tokyo is an enormous city, inter- 
sected by a network of canals, with 
miles of monotonous, one story tiled 
houses, built to resist the frequent 
earthquakes. The government build- 
ings, banks and offices are built in 
foreign style, and the trend of archi- 
tecture is towards Western stand- 
ards. The Mikado's palace is in a 
high part of the city, within double 
walls and moat, and it is inaccessible 
to the public. There are extensive 
parks, much used by the pleasure- 
loving inhabitants. Trams etexnd in 
every direction, but are not used by 
foreigners. The main thoroughfare, 
the Giuza, is a broad boulevard with 
large shops where all sorts of cheap, 
bright foreign goods are for sale. 
The bazaars are very amusing. They 
form a serpentine of booths where 
one may buy all the small articles in 
daily use among the people. Here 
we got one of the wooden blocks 
which serve as pillars to prevent the 
elaborate coiffure from being disar- 
ranged. Also, we made a collection 
of shoes of different kinds, the waraji 
of the coolies, flat, straw sandals, 
soft rush sandals with velvet straps 
to wear indoors, high gata for out 



BIG MILKING, HIGH-GRADE OR REGISTERED 

HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN COWS 

Are what the South needs. We furnish the kind that fill the pail every 



time they are milked. They are "mortgage lifters." 
scrubs. Send for free circular, "Cow Boarders." 



Don't keep unprofitable 

We furnish cows that 
will give from 7 to 10 
gals, per day and 5,000 
to 6,000 qts. a year. 

We recently sold 
Sweet Briar Institute, 
Sweet Briar, Va., a car 
of high-grade Holsteln 
Cows. Go and look at 
them. They are fairly 
representative of what 
we offer. 

We are responsible 
and furnish the highest 
Two "Mortgage Lifters" — Milk Records of 12,000 lbs. references. 
Each a Tear. 

All mail orders will receive the same attention as If personally selected. 
Write to-day stating wants. 




THE SYRACUSE BREEDERS' ASSOCIATION, 



Utica, N. Y. 



THE HOLLINS HERD 

HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS 

A WORKING HERD, WORKING EVERY DAY IN THE YEAR. 

Holsteins are thhe BEST because. 

Holsteins are larger and healthier than other dairy breeds; 

Holsteins produce larger and healthier calves than other dairy breeds;. 

Holsteins yield more milk than other dairy breeds; 

Holsteins yield more butter fat than other -dairy breeds; 

Holsteins produce milk that can be kept longer and shipped farther 

than that of other dairy breeds; 
Holsteins produce milk more easily digested that that of other dairy 

breeds; 
Holsteins are found in more countries, they occupy more territory and 

they probably produce more milk, cheese and butter than all 

others Combined. 

Registered Bull Calves Out of Heavy Producing Cows for sale. 
JOS. A. TURNER, Gen. Mgr, Hollins Institute, Va. 



JERSEY CATTLE 

I have decided to keep nothing but Registered Jerseys of the very best 
strains — blood that wins both in butter test and show ring. I therefore, 
offer some of mv best cows and heifers that are pure blood Jersey, but are 
not registered. Some are out of registered cows and others by registered 
bulls. , „ 

Can furnish Registered Bulls ready for service. 

Rice Depot, Va. 



Evergreen Farms, 



W. B. GATES, Prop., 



TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



04 1 




VI 



y 




ESSEX SOW 

■Winner of Grand Sweepstake Prize at 
Minnesota State Fair. 
Property of Alva C. Green <&, Sons. 



Hog Profits 



depend on your success in keeping your hogs in healthy condition. 
To avoid disease, to stimulate the appetite, and to get the best re- 
sults in pounds of salable pork, we recommend the regular use of 
Black-Draught Stock Medicine. You can mix a regular dose of 
the medicine, with the daily feed, and get the result of this splen- 
did tonic at about % the cost of a prepared "food." 
Note this letter from A. C. Green & Sons, the well-known breeders of Essex Swine, Buff Tur. 
keys and White Leghorn Poultry: 

We have used Black-Draught Stock & Poultry Medicine and think it is one of the best remedies, 
for diseases most common to hogs and poultry, that we have ever used. We have given it to a number 
of Essex pigs and buff turkeys with good results." 

ALVA C. GEEEN & SONS, Winchester, Ind. 

BLACK-DRAUGHT STOCK & POULTRY MEDICINE 



Sold by All Reliable Druggists and Dealers, 



P7 



dors, and the beautifully lacquered 
clogs of the aristocracy. The shops 
patronized by the natives had many 
wares strange to foreign eyes, espe- 
cially the food shops, which are filled 
with beans, yellow flour and all sorts 
of pretty messes. The fish market, is 
decidedly attractive. The fish are 
laid out on large blue and white 
plaques. Poor old women hobble up 
and buy a tiny portion, scarcely one 
morsel, which is most likely carved 
from a living fish, swimming in a 
tank under the table. More affluent 
customers sit in a tea house and 
things are carried there from the 
shops for their inspection before be- 
ing sent home. It amused us very 
much to see large American clocks in 
the shops, for few of their owners 
could tell the time, and the clocks 
ran as they pleased. 

Tokyo is a busy, progressive place. 
The streets are always thronged. At 
first they are disappointing, because 
there is so little color. The dress of 
grown people is rich, but sombre. 
Grey and blue are the predominating 
colors. Only the children in their 
gay, flowered kimonos give splotches 
of color, here and there. As for the 
gaudy crepe kimonos we consider so 
eminently Japanese at home, they are 
made only for foreigners. To be 
sure, the theatre and ceremonial dress 
is very rich, and the geishas dress in 
bright colors. The styles never 
change, and ladies are entirely with- 
out lingerie problems. They wear 
from two to six kimonos, one on top 
of another, according to the season, 



MEADOW FARM DAIRY 
PURE II 1 j. • T? • • 

bred Holstein-rriesians. 



A WORKING HERD OF SEVENTY=FIVE 
REGISTERED COWS==ALL FIRST=CLASS 



Young Males and Females for Sale. 



Address J. P. TAYLOR, 
kj range, Virginia. 



Milton Farm Berkshires 

Herd Bonrs — Premier of Milton 113579; Duke of Kensington, 83040. 

Pigs from S weeks to G months, $10 and upwards. Mated pairs, |18 and 
upwards. 



JOHN E. MUNCASTER, 



R. F. D. No. 4. ROCKVILLE, MD. 



DUROC SWINE SHORTHORN AND POLLED DURHAM CATTLE. 

The Duroc Is the most prolific hog on earth. The large fairs of th» West 
prove that they are the most popular hog of that section. The demand for 
them in the South shows conclusively that they are the coming hog of the 
South. We have the largest herd in the East and one of the most fashionably 
bred herd In America. Sows In pig, herd boars and shotes of both sexes, not 
related, for sale. Send for catalog and "Duroc Facts." 

Shorthorn and Polled Durham cows, heifers and bulls for sale. See ad. 
elsewhere In this Issue. 

LESLIE D. KLINE, Vnnclnse, Va. 



and poor people wear great wadded 
ones in cold weather. 

In Tokyo, neither temples nor 
shops interested us as much as the 
life of the city. We spent most of 



our time in the streets, wherever we 
could see most people. 

We had cards for the "Welcome 
Society," established to help travel- 
lers to sight see intelligently, and, 



642 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



J. H. GARST 

Breeder of High=Class JERSEY CATTLE 



SALEM, VA. 



FOR SALE, THE YOUNG BULL 

Eminent'^ Royal Rex S4139, solid color, dark fawn, black tongue and switch, fit to head any herd, one year, 
nine months old, well grown and good all over; price low for immediate purchaser. 

This bull is by Eminent II; he by Golden Fern's Lad, he by Boyle, he by Golden Lad. His dam is Mel's 
Violet, she by Ethel's John Bull, he by Crocus's John Bull, he by Canada's John Bull. 

On his sire's side, he descended from pedigreed and highly commended ancestors which have sold for world's 
record prices. On his dam's side are some of the greatest performers at the pail and churn in the country. 

I also have other sons and grandsons of Eminent; also granddaughtersof Eminent, bred to my herd bull, a 
son of Eminent. 



through it, we obtained permits to 
visit all municipal buildings and pub- 
lic instructions of the metropolis. 
The first card of which we availed 
ourselves was to the Red Cross Hos- 
pital, where we carried flowers to the 
wounded. It is an enormous institu- 
tion, on the outskirts of the city, car- 
ried on in the most enlightened man- 
ner. Several officers went with us 
through the wards, and it was dis- 
tressing to see the long line of cots, 
filled with battle scarred men, some 
of them dreadfully mutilated. The 
nurses looked strong and efficient in 
their white uniforms, with a red cross 
on sleeve and cap. 

A spirit of mischief seized myl rick- 
shaw boy on the return. He began 
to run home at top speed, leaving 
the other rickshaw far in tne rear. 
He turned a grinning countenance on 
me when I screamed, "Mate, mate!" 
(stop), and went faster than ever. 
We were in a strange part of the city 
at twilight and I did not relish the 
situation. Suddenly, I bethought me 
of an idea, and leaned far forward in 
my rickshaw, making it so heavy that 
the boy had to slacken his pace. This 



YOUNG REGISTERED HACKNEY for SALE 

Two Registered Hackney Fillies, sired by General II., color, chestnut, two 
and three years old, respectively; and one Handsome Registered Hackney 
Stallion, by Hedrick (no kin to the fillies). These animals are especially 
breedy, well formed, and a good size for their ages. Address — 
T. O. SANDY, BURKEVILLE, VA. 



BERKSHIRES and JERSEYS. 

Sows bred, Boars ready for service, Pige, five months; also eight weeks old. 
Cows due to freshen soon. A few fresh Cows. Prices reasonable. 
RIVER VIEW FARM, C. M.. BASS, Proprietor, 
Rice Depot, Virginia. 



EXCELLENT 

SHORTHORN HEIFERS AND BULLS. 

By the Scotch topped Bull, Royal Lad (advertised by the old reliable breed- 
ers, P. S. Lewis & Son, as the best bull eyer bred on their farm) by th« 
International winner, Frantic Lad, son of The Lad for Me, champion »t 
America in 1900. Also a few fresh Shorthorn Cows. 

Pure Yearling SOUTHDOWN RAMS by Senator, a prize winner in Can- 
ada as a lamb and a yearling. He was bred by Hon. George Drummond, th« 
foremost Southdown breeder In America. 

U, J. HANCOCK & SON, "Ellerslle," Charlottenville, V*. 

TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT. 



GEO. S. LOOMIS 



J. B. LOOMIS 



ALPINE HERD 
REGISTERED HOLSTEIN-FRIESIANS 



PROMPT ATTENTION GIVEN 
MAIL ORDERS 



PURE BREDS AN D QRADES BOUGHT 
AND SOLD ON COMMISSION 



RICHLAND, N. Y., May 13, "09. 
To Southern Dairymen: — 

I am prepared to supply you with pure-bred or grade Holsteins, in car lots or single individuals. You 
ki'ow me. I know you, your needs, and conditions. Am doing business in the same old way — satisfaction guar- 
anteed. Write me for what you want. 

Awaiting your favor, I am 

Yours truly, 

J. R. LOOMIS — (The Holstein Man). 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



643 



enabled my companion to catch up 
with me, and we then proceeded 
home together. 

For the most part, we were lucky 
in our rickshaw boys, on whom the 
pleasure of silght seeing so largely 
depends. These had picked up 
enough English around the hotel to 
explain things intelligently, and they 
further added to our comfort by car- 
rying canvas slippers" 'with them to 
tie over our shoes when we visited 
the temples. We had a sense of own- 
ership towards these boys, and felt 
really attached to them, whilst they, 
in return, always had our interest 
at heart. 

The chrysanthemum season was 
now at its height (in November). 
Peddlers carried baskets of these 
flowers through the strets, swung on 
poles over their shoulders. We were 
curious to compare the Japanese vari- 
eties with those at home, according- 
ly we devoted one afternoon to the 
flower shows in the florists' gardens 
at Donzo-Zaka. It was held in a 
great tent at the entrance of whicn 
were borders of beautiful, blossoming 
plants, bearing the most poetic 
names, as "dye of the dew," "hoar 
frost," "spray of the sea," "moonlight 
on the Fuji," etc. 

Inside was the strangest sight. 
There were scenes from the Russo- 
Japnese War made of chrysanthe- 
mums on bamboo frames. The fig- 
ures had wax faces and hands, other- 
wise the whole thing was made of 
flowers and foliage. There were cav- 
alry charges, naval battles and all 
sorts of bloody scenes. The most 
popular model was of a tiny Japanese 
killing an enormous Russian i n a 
hand to hand conflict. Boys sold 
souvenir cards of these scenes, and 
pretty little tea sets in chrysanthe- 
mum decorations. 



BLESSED PROFANITY. 

Bishop: "This is terrible, Captain! 
Is there great danger for us? Tell 
me truly." 

Captain: "Oh, no, Bishop, we're 
coming out of it all right." 

Bishop: "Tell me truly, Captain; 
you are keeping it from us! The 
storm is more awful every minute! 
My wife is in such terror! Tell me 
the worst!" 

Captain: "We're all right. Here, 
Bishop, come here to the forecastle 
and listen down the hole. Do you 
hear the sailors down there swearing 
and cursing? That means it's all 
right. When they stop that, then 
you may Know there's danger ahead." 

Bishop, (fifteen minutes later, who 
has been again to the forecastle to 
listen down the hole and has come 
back to his wife) : "Thank God, Mary, 
they're still cursing! " — H arper's 
Weekly. 



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cab or electric car direct in five minutes. West 23d Street, New York, ferries land passen- 
gers at Hoboken near steamship piers. 



Always mention The Southern 
Planter when writing advertisers. 



**^sSILO FILLING 
MACHINERY 

Made in sizes to suit all wants. SOLD 
ON THEIR OWN MERIT S. Buy them, 
try them, and- only then do we expect / 
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YEARS 
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Our catalogue 
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ROSS SILO. 



644 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



ENQUIRERS' COLUMN. 

AH inquiries must reach us by the 
15th of the month previous to the 
issue, or they cannot be answered 
until the month following. 



1. What is the cause of and reme- 
dy for sore and closed eyes in chick- 
ens? Have had several cases among 
small chicks; now have a large, fine 
white Rock hen that sets around with 
closed eyes. Upon being opened they 
are found to be very red and swoll- 
en. It has not caused the death of 
any. Some have only one eye closed. 

2. Can you give a remedy for fes- 
tering sores on a horse caused by 
wood ticks, or any abrasion of the 
skin? 

3. What is the cause of what we 
call "dead cream" in the buttermilk? 
It is round particles of butter fat 
that will not mix with the butter. Is 
there any way to avoid having it? 

PETER BAUMANN. 
Powhatan Co., Va. 

1. The cause of the closed and sore 
eyes is cold draughts to which the 
chickens have been exposed. It is 
really incipient roup. The birds af- 
fected should be removed from the 
rest into warm, dry quarters and the 
heads, eyes, nostrils and throats be 
treated with the following solution: 
Dissolve one ounce of permanganate 
of potash in three pints of water and, 
with a small atomizer, spray the 
head, eyes, nostrils and mouth thor- 
oughly twice daily until the mucous 
discharge ceases and the birds seem 
healthy again. Disinfect the houses 
and runs with one per cent, sulphuric 
acid solution to kill all germs of the 
disease. 

2. Wash thoroughly with warm wa- 
ter to clear away all purulent mat- 
ter and then gradually bring the wa- 
ter down to cold and bathe well with 
this for an hour or two. Then dry 
the part thoroughly and quickly and 
bathe freely with camphor one ounce 
and sweet oil eight ounces. 

3. What you call "dead cream" is 
simply small masses of curd which 
have formed in the cream from not 
keeping at a right temperature and 
thoroughly stirring and mixing when 
adding more milk or cream to the 
bulk. To avoid having these in the 
butter the cream should be well 
stirred before pouring into the churn 
and should then be strained through 
a fine strainer into the churn. Even 
then sometimes small curdy masses 
will pass into the butter and care 
should be taken to wash these out 
before making up the butter. — Ed. 



Preparing Land. 
You often speak of the great im- 
portance of preparing the land well 
before seeding or planting, but as 
many years as I have read The 
Planter I cannot remember ever see- 
ing an article dwelling upon that sub- 



Wool Wanted. 

WE PAY TOP PRICES. 

We will need a large quantity of wool this season to fill our orders, and 
want to handle your crop. We buy your wool delivered at your depot, free of 
any expense to you whatever, except freight charges, and are in a position 
to pay you top market prices. We furnish you with sacks to ship in when 
needed. Checks sent promptly day wool is received. Write us as soon as 
you are ready to ship, state quantity you have, and we will advise you 
what we will pay. 

David Wallerstein & Co., 

1213 EAST CARY STREET, RICHMOND, VA. 

As to our responsibility and fair dealings, we refer to American Na- 
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weighs about four pounds. 
Price, Net, $9.00. 

Write for catalogue of Veterinary 
Instruments, also catalogues of "Easy 
to Use" Instruments for cattle, for the 
horse, etc. 

POWERS ® ANDERSON, Inc.. 30 N. 9th St., RICHMOND, Va. 

VETERINARY INSTRUMENTS, SURGICAL SUPPLIES, ETC. 



$3525 FANNING MILL FREE 

A Fanning Mill Free. If there are no dealers near 
you selling the famous Racine Line of Farm and Ware- 
house Fanning Mills, that clean, grade, separate and bag 
all kinds of grain and seeds as well as cow peas, velvet 
beans, rice, peanuts, chufas, etc., then write today for 
particulars about our free mill to one person in each 
neighborhood who will furnish us his neighbor's names 
to whom we can write to call and see the mill and who 
will show what the mill will do when they call to see it. 

JOHNSON & FIELD MF'G. CO., Box 102, Racine, Wis. 





TRADE MARK 



SLUG -SHOT 

USED FROM OCEAN TO OCEAN FOR 27 YEARS. 
SOLD BY SEED DEALERS OF AMERICA. 
Saves Currants, Potatoes, Cabbage, Melons, Flowers, 
Trees and Shrubs from Insects. Put up in popular pack- 
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and Blights, elc , to 

B. HAMMOND, Fishkill-on-Hudson, New York. 



TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



645 



ject "in detail." Of course, we sub- 
scribers all have our own way of do- 
ing it, but what is your method? For 
instance, 1. After plowing deeply, as 
deep as the law of nature allows, a 
piece of land that was in corn last 
year and is to be put in corn again 
this year, what would you do with 
a rather light or sandy piece — one of 
sandy loam and one somewhat stiff 
or bottom land, all with clay subsoil? 

2. With the same condition every 
other way, but crimson clover on 
land now, what would you do? 

3. A piece of rather low land which 
has been lying out three years, and 
which was broken in December last, 
what would you have done in order 
to get the land in real goed, fine con- 
dition for corn to be planted the last 
days of May? 

An answer will be appreciated by 
at least one of your subscribers; pos- 
sibly by very many. 

I have G. M. Clark's method, but 
do not know whether the same would 
in all cases answer down here. 



Warwick Co., Va. 



YORKTOWN. 



1. When we say "prepare the land 
well," we mean something very dif- 
ferent from what is the usual course 
in the South in getting a seed bed 
ready. Usually this is done by plow- 
ing the land to the depth of four or 
five inches and running a spike har- 
row over it once or twice. This we 
call but an excuse for making a seed 
bed. The land should be plowed at 
least a couple of inches deeper than 
it has ever been plowed before, and 
if there is a hard pan or a good clay 
subsoil under it this should be broken 
with a subsoil plow. Then a disc or 
double disc harrow should be put into 
it and be run both lengthwise and 
across to thoroughly cut up the clods 
and break and mix the soil. If the 
land be rough and cloddy the roller 
should be used on it next and then 
the disc harrow again,- and it should 
finally be harrowed down smooth 
with a spike toothed harrow. The 
object of all this working is to let 
air and moisture into the soil and to 
thoroughly break down all lumps and 
clods, and not until this is done is a 
piece of land well prepared. We have 
many times, before the disc harrow 
was known, plowed a piece of land 
three times over in different direc- 
tions and harrowed and rolled it be 
tween each plowing before we consid- 
ered it fit for a seed bed. The disc 
harrow will do this breaking and fin- 
ing much better and quicker than the 
old plan of replowing. Mr. Clark's 
system is an excellent one. 

2. Where crimson clover is on the 
land, it should be allowed to mature 
as nearly as possible before plowing 
it down, and then the surface should 
be made fine with the disc harrow 
without tearing up the clover again. 

3. We would use the disc and spike 
tooth harrow and roller upon it un- 
til we hal gotten as deep a bed of 




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By writing when in need of any description of 

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Where to Sell Your WOOL 






We are the Leading Dealers in the Wool Trade in Virginia. 
HIGHEST MARKET PRICE PAID, and no Commission charged, only 
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promptly. Correspond with us when readv to sell 

WALLERSTEIN PRODUCE CO., 19 and 21 S. 13th St., Richmond, Va, 
References: American National Bank and Richmond merchants generally. 



G46 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER 



[June, 



finely broken soil as we could get 
without tearing up the old sod turned 
down. — Ed. 



Clover for Name. 
I enclose a sample of clover. Give 
me name and also the feeding value 
and if an improver of land. Will it 
grow successfully here? 

S. L. HOLMAN. 
Buckingham Co., Va. 

The plant is alsike clover. It makes 
excellent hay and pasture and is an 
improver of the land. Yes. — Ed. 



Improving an Old Pasture. 

I have a piece of low, flat, meadow 
land well drained,' which has never 
been broken with a big plow. Hay 
of the best quality has been gotten off 
it for several years, but, owing to the 
heavy rains in summer that swell the 
stream that runs through it, it had to 
be abandoned for the use of hay, and 
used for pasture altogether. 

Now, this pasture is becoming 
mossy and weedy. Would an appli- 
cation of lime be the medicine for 
this? If so, how much per acre, and 
what time in the year should it be ap- 
plied? I cannot break this piece of 
land with the assurance of a crop 
off it. If I put it in corn the wire 
worms will eat it up, or the heavy 
rains will wash the crop out. i have 
to depend solely on this piece of land 
for permanent pasture. So the ques- 
tion arises with me, what must be 
done to make it permanent and good? 
A SUBSCRIBER. 

Montgomery Co., Va. 

In the late fall after the pasture 
has ceased to grow take a sharp 
toothed spike harrow and run it over 
the field tearing the old sod and moss 
thoroughly open and then rake up the 
trash and haul it off into the barn 
yard to make manure. Then apply 
two tons of freshly burnt slacked 
lime broadcast per acre and let lay 
until March. Then apply three hun- 
dred pounds of bone meal per acre 
and sow a mixture of grass seed, say, 



Thomas Phosphate 



(Basic Slag Meal) 



AN AVERAGE ANALYSIS 

Moisture 1-10 Per Cent. 

Total Phos. Acid 17 to 19 Per Cent. 

Avail. Phos. Acid 15 to 16 Per Cent.* 

Lime • • 35 to 50 Per Cent. 

Magnesia 5 to 6 Per Cent. 

Iron 13 to 14 Per Cent. 

Manganese 7 to 9 Per Cent. 

♦Wagner Method. 

Results 

MARYLAND EXPERIMENT STATION. 

Grain. Foilder. Total. 

Lbs. Lbs. Lbs. 

Soluble Phosphates 11,298 15,618 26,916 

Basic Slag 11,795 16,059 27,854 

WRITE FOR FREE PAMPHLET "A Remarkable Fertiliser, Basic Slag and 

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FERTILIZER MATERIALS 

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CHARLESTON, S. C. 



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When corresponding- with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter. 



A WISE FARMER SHOULD USE 

LEE'S PREPARED AGRICULTURAL LIME 

FOR Top Dressing, Wheat, Oats, Alfalfa, Grasses. 

Apply 400 to 500 Lbs. Per Acre and Increase the Yields. 

MANUFACTURED BY 

A. S. LEE & SONS CO., INC. RICHMOND, VA. 

Send for Circulars Department A. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



647 



orchard grass, herds grass, Kentucky 
blue and meadow fescue, in equal 
parts by weight at the rate of one 
bushel to the acre, and cover by run- 
ning a bush harrow over the field and 
then roll if dry enough. This should 
renovate the pasture and make it pro- 
duce well. It should be topdressed 
with bone meal or bone meal and 
acid phosphate mixed in equal parts 
at the rate of three hundred pounds 
to the acre every spring and you will 
soon find that you have a better past- 
ure than ever before. — Ed. 



Cedar Trees and Fruit Trees. 

Please advise in regard to the 
planting of cedar trees near fruit 
trees. I have heard it stated that 
if cedar trees were near an orchard 
of fruit trees that the fruit trees 
would be damaged by them. 

Sussex Co., Va. W. W. ALLEN. 

Cedar trees should never be al- 
lowed to grow near an orchard. One 
of the forms of leaf blight which in- 
jures the apple tres badly is propa- 
gated on the cedar apples (the orange 
colored balls which you will see on 
the cedar trees in spring). The 
spores of the disease pass from these 
to the apple trees. 



Alfalfa. 



I wish to try an acre in alfalfa on 
my farm in Stokes county, N. C. The 
land is sandy loam of moderate fer- 
tility. Has been in tobacco and 
wheat for several years, is now in 
wheat. Give me full directions as 
to how best to plow and prepare this 
land after wheat is harvested. How 
much lime, rock or shell. Am trou- 
bled right much with sheep sorrel. 
When to aply lime, and how much. 
When to apply fertilizer, and how 
much. What kinds, etc. I already 
have raw bone and fourteen per cent, 
phosphate. When to sow seed and 
how much. If I succeed with this 1 
expect to sow some every year. 
Thanking you in advance. 

"OLD TOWN." 

Pittsylvania Co., Va. 

In this issue you will find two ar- 
ticles dealing fully with this question 
of alfalfa growing and will, on read- 
ing these get the information you re- 
quire. — Ed. 



Raising Early Vegetable Plants. 

I want a book on raising early 
plants and vegetables, both with and 
without glass. Please tell me in next 
Southern Planter what to buy, and 
price of same. Has Professor Mas- 
sey ever written any book on these 
subjects? If so, give price of same. 
Cannot you get Professor Massey to 
give us a series of articles on this 
line in The Planter? 

JOHN W. GILLIAM. 

Appomattox Co., Va. 

Principles of Plant Culture, by Full- 
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TELL THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT. 



G48 



THE SOUTHERN" PLANTER. 



[June, 



you the information you desire, but 
we have not a opy of the book at 
hand to refer to and will, before fully 
advising you, look into this point. 
Oemler's Truck Growing in the South, 
price $1.00, is a very good work on 
the general subject of truck crops. 
When Professor Massey was Horticul- 
turist at the North Carolina Station 
he prepared an excellent bulletin on 
the subject of truck raising. We do 
not know whether the same is yet 
available, but, if still on hand, no 
doubt the Director of the North Caro- 
lina Experiment Station, West Ra- 
leigh, N. C, will send you a copy if 
you request him. This does not, how- 
ever, deal with the subject of grow- 
ing under glass especially. We will 
ask Professor Massey to write on 
this subject. — Ed. 



Improving Land. 

I wish to try my hand at bringing 
to a good state of fertility two hun- 
dred acres of upland, shaley soil, the 
shale rock lying near the surface; and 
I want you to get Professor Massey 
to tell me how to do the trick most 
economically. The land can be plowed, 
but has, perhaps, never been plowed 
six inches deep. It lies high and dry, 
and slopes to the South. Present 
crop, say, ten or twelve bushels 
wheat. Timothy and clover grow, 
but soon run out. 

What elements of plant food are 
most likely lacking in shale land? 
This farm seems especially adapted 
to peaches, there being still in bear- 
ing trees planted more than twenty 
years ago, which leads me to think it 
is not deficient in potash. Can it be 
made to grow Irish potatoes, or al- 
falfa? Can wheat be grown and land 
improved at same time? How about 
a three-year rotation — corn, wheat, 
clover, or will it be better to make it 
cowpeas, wheat and clover? 

The farm is in Augusta county, and 
if it will take blue grass as our lime- 
stone soils do naturally, will be ad- 
mirably suited for stock raising. Hav- 
ing no experience with shaley land 1 
will appreciate advice from Professor 
Massey and others who know. 

JOHN W. TODD. 

Augusta Co., Va. 

Just over the mountains from you, 
on the Miller School farm, twenty 
years or more ago, I had some simi- 
lar soil. But there I had the advan- 
tage of a body of rich bottom land 
which I used for feeding the hills, 
and as everything I grew was to be 
consumed on the place, I planted the 
bottoms in ensilage corn mainly, and 



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1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



649 



sowed clover among the corn, cut a 
crop of hay the next spring and then 
back to ensilage corn at once. Keep- 
ing a large dairy herd and feeding 
about 100 beeves in winter and thirty 
to fifty horses and mules (only a few 
employed on the farm) I made a large 
lot of manure, and it went on the 
hills, and I made fine crops of hay 
on hills that I was told when I be- 
gan would never grow grass better 
than poverty grass. I was there but 
four years before I was called to the 
North Carolina College of Agriculture, 
and did not fully carry out the plans 
I had made for the hills. My plan 
was to plant corn, and sow peas 
among it at last working, leaving the 
peas for the first one or two rounds 
on the land and turning them for 
oats in spring, and sowing grass and 
clover with the oats. Let the grass 
stand two years after the year of 
seeding, and haul out on the sod to 
go in corn again the following spring 
all the manure made as fast as it 
was made, whenever I could get on 
the land or was not hindered by other 
work. I found that the red clay there 
would never get solid in a barn yard, 
but everlastingly worked into a 
mulch. So I macadamized the barn 
yard with rock and kept it cleaned 
daily. I was told that if I did not 
keep the steep hills in sod all the 
time they would wash away. But I 
noticed that old pastures all around 
me had deeper gullies than elsewhere, 
for as the grass became thin the gul- 
lies started on the cattle tracks. 
Hence I determined to work the land 
in hoed crop but once in four years, 
and then back to a sowed crop and 
grass, for while I wanted grass, I 
wanted only good grass and did not 
propose to keep the land in grass until 
there was none left. So far as 1 
went, as I have intimated, the plan 
worked admirably, and if the plan had 
been kept up the farm would be in 
better shape to-day. But probably 
you do not propose to make a farm 
entirely devoted to stock. In that 
case I would adopt a similar rotation, 
and sow wheat after corn, peas after 
the wheat harvest, for hay, and wheat 
again on the pea stubble to be sown 
to grass and clover to stand two 
years. Then back to corn with all 
the home-made manure. I would use 
on the wheat a mixture of ten per 
cent, phosphoric acid and four per 
cent, potash. Little potash is need- 
ed on the limestone soil of your sec- 
tion or on the red clay east of the 
^mountains, but the shale soil should 
nave some. This would give you a 
five year rotation. Then gradually 
increase the depth of plowing, start- 
ing at six inches and finally turn- 
ing eight inches. While subsoiling 
did finely on the red soil in Albemarle 
I doubt that it is needed on your shalp 
soil. In Albemarle we could not fol 
low two crops of wheat in succession 
because the Canada blue grass, the 
native sort (why called Canada I do 




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fice. 



BARRETT MANUFACTURING COMPANY 

New York Chicago Philadelphia Boston St. Louis Cleveland 

Pittsburg Cincinnati Kansas City Minneapolis New Orleans London, Eng. 




OH- -A. 

DOUBLE ACTION HARROW & CULTIVATOR 
FOR IOO% CROPS tf ft 



With this tool more different 
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Send today for our free Book, "Large Hay Crops." 

CUTAWAY HARROW COMPANY, 
*» Main St., KIGGANUM, CONN. 




TELL, THE ADVERTISER WHERE YOU SAW HIS ADVERTISEMENT. 



650 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



Stop, Look and 

Here comes the best one yet made. A com- 
bination of the Horse Hoe, the Plain Tooth and 
Reversible Disc Cultivators, used for all kinds 
of cultivation; has extra high patent hollow 
steel tooth standards; more than twice as strong 
as the ordinary kind; also has patent 
side standards and horse hoes, and can 
be quickly adjusted to throw a large 
or small furrow. When using the 
discs, they will work out the whole 
middle between two rows of any 

One Small Horse Pulls It Easily. 




Listen FARMERS! 

width from 2% to 4 feet wide, every trip, and 
from 4 to 5^ feet every two trips, either 
working the dirt to or from the plants at any 
depth desired down to 5 inches. Can also be 
used for a light harrow and I can furnish the 
patented discs attachments to work on any 
ordinary 5-tooth cultivator. They carry either 
or 8 discs at a time. 

For Information or Prices Write 



Frank Beasley, 

1422 East Main Street. 

RICHMOND, VA. 



not know), would choke it out the 
second year. This grass is poa com- 
pressa and runs like Bermuda. Of 
course, I can only make suggestions, 
not knowing what crops you propose, 
but some form of live stock industry 
should be a feature in the improve- 
ment of any land, the great object 
being to restore the humus that has 
been wasted from the land. The 
shale soil is lacking mainly, I think, 
in phosphoric acid and potasn, but 
probably all three of the needed ele- 
ments are lacking. Of course, you 
can more rapidly improve the land by 
the three-year rotation of corn, wheat 
and clover, and leave out the grass, 
but as the land developes in produc- 
tion I would lengthen the rotation 
and get more grass. Get it more fer- 
tile and then lime it occasionally and 
you can grow blue grass on it. With 
liberal fertilization it should grow 
fine crops oi potatoes. I have no ex- 
perience in that sort of snale, but 
have had slaty soils that were leacby 
and hard to keep up. The shale may 
have a similar tendency. 

W. F. MASSBY. 



Dehorning Calves and Cows — Ringing 
a Bui I — Strawberries — Hemlock — 
Mallard Ducks — Color of Eggs Laid 
by the Different Breeds. 
I shall be so glad, and you will 

help me, and perhaps others, if you 

will kindly answer the following 

questions: 

1. I have frequently read that 
calves can be dehorned with caustic. 
Please tell me how, when and how 
long to apply it. Some people say it 
will not do any good to apply it until 
the little buttons or horns have been 
first cut off. I have been applying 
lunar caustic (stick form) to my calf 
four weeks old, began when calf was 
ten days old, but it hasn't yet done 
any good, the horns are coming right 
along. 

2. Also, kindly tell me how to put 
a ring in a bull's nose. Should it 
be done when he is a calf, or after 
he is grown? 

Should a plug be cut out of his nose 
for the ring, or should it be put in 



LISTEN! MR. FARMER! 




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line. It can be used for every FARM 
lurpose imagineable, and is so simple 
that anyone can run it. 

STOCKDELL-MYERS H'D'W. CO. 

Petersburg, Va. 



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Write for Samples and Booklet. 

We also carry a full line of Galvanised and Painted Corrugated and V Crimp 
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McGRAW-YARBROUGH CO. .Richmond, Va 



Goochland Co., Va., March 9, '09. 
We consider the Southern Planter a 
necessity for every farmer in our sec- 
tion. MRS. O. REED. 



Nottoway Co., Va., Feb. 15, '09. 
I like the Southern Planter better 
than any farm magazine I know of. 
C. H. S. HALLETT. 






THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



651 



si Ice a ring is put in a 

b 

is the right age to dehorn 
(with a debomei I grown cattle? I 
had some dehorned a few years ago 
(aged aboui Mho and three years) 
and since thi ill sightly nubs nave 
come out three Ineh and these 

disfigure them very i.huii, so I con- 
cluded they must have been too 
young or their horns would not have 
grown any more. 

4. Please tell me the best variety of 
strawberries to grow for a home gar- 
den. 

5. What is the best method of get- 
ting rid of hemlock? I have a past- 
ure that is thick with it on all moist 
land and along the streams that run 
through it. It would be' an endless 
job to try to uproot each plant. 1 
thought perhaps I could wait until 
seeding time and cut off all the seed 
heads, but don't know if it can be 
exterminated in that way. 

6. For what purpose are domesticat- 
ed Mallard Ducks raised, for their 
flesh or their eggs? 

7. Which breed of chickens lays the 
largest eggs? Which lay white eggs, 
and which lay yellow eggs, and which 
lay the deepest colored eggs? 

AN ANXIOUS SUBSCRIBER. 
Amherst Co., Va. 

1. Caustic potash is used to prevent 
the growth of horns on calves and is 
successful if the use of it is begun 
in time. It should be applied first 
when the calf is about ten days or 
a fortnight old. The hair around 
the button from which the horn 
springs should be clipped off and 
then the stick of potash be wet and 
be rubbed on the button until suffi- 
cient of it is deposited to redden 
the skin well and burn into it. Be 
careful not to let it run down on the 
side of the cheek, or it will cause 
a sore. Usually one application is 
sufficient, but if the growth is seen 
not to be killed apply again in a 
week or ten days. 

2. The hardware stores sell pliers 
for ringing bulls and with these it 
is mucn more easy to do the work 
than in the old fashioned way with 
a knife. The method formerly was 
to make a slit through the gristle 
with a knife and then insert the 
ring and rivet it with a hammer. 
The pliers used now make the slit 
and then can be used to clench the 
rivet. A bull should be rung when 
he is six morths old before he learns 
any vicious tricks and then is much 
easier to handle as he has never 
known the time when he could not 
be easily controlled by man through 
the use of the ring. 

3. The horns of cattle should be 
fully grown before they are de- 
horned, or "ugly nubs" scurrs, they 
are called, will grow out again. If 
the horns are fully grown and they 
are cut off close to the skull they 
will never start again. 

4. This is a very difficult question 



REAL AND FAKE 

CREAM 

SEPARATOR 

IMPR OVEM ENTS 

A year ago, in keeping with its policy of ALWAYS HOLDING A PO- 
SITION FAR IN ADVANCE OF ALL ATTEMPTED COMPETITION, the 
DE LAVAL Company put on the market an entire new line of Improved 
Farm and Dairy sizes of cream separators. 

They were brand new in every part, from the supply can at the very 
top to the shape of the base at the very bottom, and reflected the result 
of three years of study, experiment and test by the DE LAVAL engineers 
and experts throughout the world, based on thirty years of experience - in 
cream separator invention, development and use. 

Every good feature of previous DE LAVAL machines was bettered and 
many new and novel ones added, accomplishing greater simplicity of con- 
struction, ease of cleaning' and replacement of parts; less cost of repairs 
where necessary; easier hand operation; more complete separation under 
nard conditions; greater capacity, and a material reduction of prices in 
proportion to capacity. 

A year of practical experience in the actual sale and use of 100,000 
of the new machines in 1908 but served to suggest still greater refinement 
of manufacture and a few finishing touches of perfection in the details 
of construction of the new line of machines as they are now offered to 
the 1909 buyers. 

The 1908-1909 changes in the DE LAVAL machines on the whole have 
been SO COMPLETE AND REMARKABLE that the man who hasn't seen 
and used an Improved DE LAVAL' really cannot know what the perfect, 
up-to-date cream separator is TC'-DAY. 

The new DE LAVAL machines literally "SWEPT THE FIELD" in 1908 
and competition was driven to such desperate extremity that THIS YEAR 
most of them have come out with all kinds of CLAIMED advertising and 
catalogue "improvements," Nearly everybody has an "IMPROVED" 1909 
machine and is making a play for business on that basis. 

But we make the POSITIVE STATEMENT that there is not A SIN- 
GLE NEW OR ACTUAL IMPROVEMENT in any of them, and while some 
features have been bettered it has been merely through the appropriation 
of DE LAVAL ideas from TWO TO TWENTY YEARS OLD and in most 
cases long since discarded in DE LAVAL construction. 

That's a PLAIN STATEMENT, made in plain words that no one can 
fail to understand. It has the knowledge, experience, reputation and cap- 
ital of the DE LAVAL Company behind it. Some people won't heed it; 
some people won't believe it. That will be their loss. Those who do will 
profit and benefit by it. 

We stand ready to PROVE IT to any one desirous of buying a sep- 
arator for the first time or of trading in an old and out-of-date machine 
for a new one. 



THE DE LAVAL SEPARATOR CO. 



42 E. Madison St. 

CHICAGO. 

1213 & 1215 Filbert St., 

PHILADELPHIA. 

Drnmm and Sacramento 

Streets, 

SAN FRANCSICO 



General Offices: 

165 BROADWAY, 

NEVA/ YORK. 



173-177 William Street, 
MONTREAL 

14 & 16 Princess Street, 
WINNIPEG. 

107 First Street, 
PORTLAND, OREG. 



652 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 




MOWING MACHINES DELIVERED AT YOUR DEPOT 

Just spend one cent in money and one minute of time and 
ask the House of ASHTON STARKE, Richmond, Va., what 
they will deliver the Highest Grade Field Mower at your 
depot for. ' 



to answer as new varieties are 
brought out every year and for each of 
these some greater excellence is 
claimed. Another difficulty is caused 
by the fact that varieties behave dif- 
ferently in different localities. Some 
have special adaptation to one sec- 
tion and some to another. For the 
Piedmont section, the following are 
perhaps the best of the older varie- 
ties and probably much better than 
most of the new ones: Haverland, 
Parker Earle, Sharpless, and Tennes- 
see. 

5. This weed can only be effectu- 
ally gotten rid of by plowing up the 
pasture and putting it into cultivated 
crops for two or three years. It can 
be kept in subjection by pulling the 
plants when the ground is soft, and 
if this is not practicable, by cutting 
the plants off close to the ground 
before they are in flower. This weak- 
ens them so that they eventually die 
out. 

6. We have never had any experi- 
ence in keeping Mallard ducks, nor 
have we known any one keeping 
them, therefore, cannot say for what 
purpose they are kept. We presume 
however it is for their flesh, as we 
do not suppose that they are prolific 
layers, but partake much of the na- 
ture of wild ducks, which usually 
only lay one sitting of eggs, or, at 
most, two, in a season. 

7. Probably the Black Spanish and 
the Minorcas lay the largest eggs. 
The Asiatic breeds and those de- 
rived largely from them usually lay 
colored eggs, probably the Cochins 
lay the deepest colored eggs. The 
Mediterranean and the Hamburg 
breeds and those breeds derived 
mainly from these lay white eggs. 
—Ed. 



Colic. 

Please tell me what to do with my 
horse, he is subject to something 
like colic. He will lie down and roll 
a few minutes and then he will get 
up and make water, and ' then he 
seems to get easy. He has had two 
attacks in the last five months. 

2. I have a hog that cannot walk. 
It seems to have given away in the 
small of its back. Please tell me 
what to do for her. 

Halifax Co., Va. J. B. 

1. Probably the best remedy to 
give the horse when he has one of 



The CASE COMBINED DISK and SHOVEL CULTIVATOR 

With Extra Strong Staggered Spoke Wheels, Self-Lubricating and Dust-proof. 

The Case Disk Cultivator responds in- 
stantly to the will of the operator, and 
the change in direction is accomplished 
by the slightest pressure of the foot. 
Provision has been made for locking 
the cultivator into a rigid position for 
transportation. It can be easily regu- 
lated for plowing to various depths. The 
disks are easily reversible, so that the 
dirt can be thrown up to the corn or 
away from it without disturbing the 
roots. A slight flexibility is allowed the 
gangs by spring pressure which holds 
them in the ground, so that no evil ef- 
fects result from striking obstructions. 
Gangs can be easily set at a sharp angle, 
adapting them to use in cultivating listed 
corn. 

The change is made simply by chang- 
ing the. position of hand lever and pawl. 
The bearings are thoroughly protected 
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tread to the spaces ordinarily required. 

Sixteen-inch disks are furnished. Provision has been made for attach- 
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Our complete Catalog of Improved Farm Machinery sent to any address Free. 

THE IMPLEMENT COMPANY, 1302 E. Main Street, Richmond, Va. 




REVERSIBLE DISC PLOWS 



For Two or Three Horses 



Do Their Work "A Comin' and a Goin" 

The Plows that do the best work anywhere and everywhere — hillside or 
level land — hard ground or soft grotnd — sticky ground or trashy ground — 
are the 

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Chattanooga Plows are the only entirely successful Reversible Disc Plows — simple in design — few 
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Plows turn corners, either right 
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Write today for free postpaid cat- 
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CHATTANOOGA 
PLOW CO. 

413 CARTER ST., 

Chattanooga, Tenn. 



When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



653 




EI WM. J. 




PLOWS 



Run Smoothly 
Work Lightly 
Shed Perfectly 



Because They are Built in such a way 
that each Strain is Equally Distributed 
Throughout 

By virtue of the Uniform Distribution of 
the Metal in each part in proportion to 
the Strain to be Taken Care of 



On Account of their Splendid construc= 
tion in Every Particular, especial atten= 
tion being Paid to the Minutest Detail 




Look at the LANDSLIDE. It's Different 

They Have Points that will LAST; Chilled Shins That will CUT 

How. often have YOU said: "Well, I don't need a new point, but I will buy one because my 
'Cutter' is dull !" Our Shin or "Cutter" lasts two to four years because it is CHILLED. Write 
to us for further information We have just what you have been looking for in a CHILLED]PLOW 

The Wm. J. Oliver Mfg. Co. 

KNOXVILLE, TENNESSEE. 

N. B.-Other Manufacturers do not show LANDSLIDE views of their Plows. WHY? 





654 



THE SOUTIIEKN PLANTER. 



[June, 



these attacks of colic is chloral hy- 
drate one ounce in half a pint of 
water. If not relieved in an hour 
give another dose of the same 
strength. If you do not have the 
chloral hydrate, give half a pint of 
whiskey in hot water. These reme- 
dies should be followed after the 
horse has gotten relief by a dose, of 
one ounce of aloes or one pint of 
linseed oil to remove any irritant 
matter from the bowels. 

2. The partial paralysis of the 
backs of hogs of which we often 
have complaint arises from various 
causes and there does not seem to 
be any very general consensus of 
opinion among veterinarians as to 
the remedy best to be used. It may 
arise from worms in the loins and 
kidneys, and when this is the case 
no remedy seems to be available. If 
the trouble arises, as it sometimes 
does, from worms in the other or- 
gans, turpentine in doses of fifteen 
or twenty drops three times a day 
followed by a purge of castor oil or 
Epsom salts is useful. The cedar 
apple ground into powder in doses of 
twenty to twenty-five grains repeat- 
ed three times a day and followed 
by a purge will also often get rid of 
the worms. Where worms are not 
the cause, it is the opinion of many 
veterinarians that the trouble is 
largely caused by improper feeding. 
A too constant corn diet which caus- 
es overheating of the body is proba- 
bly often the caues of the trouble. 
Hogs should have more vegetable 
and protein feeds like peas, and 
care should be taken not to feed mus- 
ty grain of any kind or badly fer- 
mented slop food. As a remedy you 
might try blistering across the loins 
with mustard and turpentine. We 
have known this to be effective. — Ed. 



Terracing Land. 

I should like to see something in 
your paper on the best and most 
successful methods of terracing land. 
Some advocate now that it is best 
to run terraces on water level, and 
we should be glad to have your 
opinion in the matter. Where can 
we buy a first-class terracing outfit? 
S. A.' MAUNEY. 

Cleveland Co., N. C. 

We have never given much study 
to the subject of terracing land be- 
cause we believe that the system 
ought to be abolished rather than ex- 
tended. There may be locations and 
conditions when and where it is 
profitable to terrace land, but we be- 
lieve these are few and far between. 
The object of terracing is to prevent 
the washing of the land into gulleys. 
In the great majority of cases, this 
can be much more effectually secured 
by the deep plowing of the land and 
the breaking of the subsoil. If this 
deep plowing and subsoiling be done 
around the hill (not in the line of 
fall), laying the furrows off so as. to 
nearly run them on the level, it will 




The Guaranteed Roofing- 

CONGO 

A SURETY BOND 

with every roll 

The Surety Company is issuing 
these bonds, and back of them istheirtoo 
million dollars of assets. It is a matter 
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You are immune from any re- 
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Write to-day for samples of 
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Remember, that with every roll 
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Bond. 



Congo is the 
only Ready Roof- 
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For 1 years you can rest easy 
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service out of it. 



Successor to 
Buchanan Foster Co. 



UNITED ROOFING AND M»-G. CO. 

600 WEST END TRUST BLDG., PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO. 



SPECIAL SALE OF 
W. K. BACHE & SONS 

Stock of 

FARM IMP LEMENTS, 
WAGONS, BUGGIES, ETC., 



AT REDUCED PRICES 

The entire stock will be sold to 
close out business, and parties de- 
siring to purchase goods in these 
lines can procure them at special 
low prices. 

Act quickly, before the assort- 
ment is broken. Printed lists 
with prices mailed to out-of-town 
buyers on request. 

H. W. ELLETT. SALES AGENT. 

STORE 1406 E. MAIN STREET, 

RICHMOND, - - VIRGINIA. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



655 



HENRY FAIRFAX, 
President. 



ALFRED B. WILLIAMS, 
1st Vice President. 



SAM'L COHEN, 
•2d Vice-President. 



M. A. CHAMBERS, | 
Secretary. 




■»« VIRGINIA STATE FAIR 

RICHMOND 

OCTOBER 4-5-6-7-8-9. 

FIELD, SEED, GRAIN 

The April and May issues of The Southern Planter have carried information with regard to above depart- 
ments of the Farm Products section, and thev will be found to contain attractivs cash inducements for ex- 
htbitS of TORN. WHEAT. OATS. BARLRY. RYE, ALFALFA, ORCHARD GRASS, RED CRIMSON and ALSIKE 
CLOVER, SOY BEANS, COW PEAS, SORGHUM. 

CORN SPECIAL. 

This special now exceeds SIX HUNDRED DOLLARS in cash, and $125 CORN BINDER of the International 
Harvester Co., and the awards in same are valuable, and will pay large returns upon time expended in producing 
exhibits. 

ACRE YIELDS. 

The prizes offered in these classes will be of value, and bring handsome returns to all competitors. 

COUNTY EXHIBITS. 

Every endeavor will be made to bring out the RESOURCES of our COUNTIES, and it is hoped that the 
LARGE CASH prizes which will be paid in these classes will prove a stimulus to enterprising FARMERS in each 
of the counties to collect and send to the Fair the bounteous variety of crops which each produce. 

TOBACCO. 

In the July issue of the Planter will be found the prizes offered for sun cured, olive stemming, brown 
shipping and stemming, and the bright crop wrappers, cutters, fillers and smokers. THE RICHMOND TOBACCO 
TRADE offers SEVENTY-FIVE DOLLARS as a SWEEPSTAKE in the tobacco classes. 

VEGETABLES 



Wax Beans, one peck 

Stringless Beans, one peck 

Pole Lima Beans, shelled, one peck 

Bush Lima Beans, shelled, one peck 

Beet, for table use, six bunches .... 

Stock Beets, half bushel 

Flat Head Cabbage, any variety, six 
heads ; 

Heaviest head of Cabbage 

One peck Carrots, topped, any variety.. 

Half peck Cucumbers, for slicing 

Half peck Cucumbers, for pickling .... 

Best six Egg Plants, any variety 

One peck Red or Yellow Dry Onions... 

One peck White Dry Onions 

One peck Yellow Danvers, Onion Sets.. 

One peck White Onion Sets 

One peck Ckra, any variety 

Twelve heads Lettuce 

One peck Parsnips, hollow crown 

Six bunches Moss Curled Parsley 

One peck Peas, in pods 

One peck Bull Nose Peppers 

One peck any other variety Peppers. . . . 

Best six plants of ornamental and use- 
ful Peppers to be shown in pods . . 

Cne peck Early Irish Potatoes 

One peck Late Irish Potatoes 



1st. 


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1 00 


50 


1 50 


50 


1 50 


50 


' 1 50 


50 


1 50 


50 


2 50 


1 00 


2 50 


1 00 



One peck White Sweet Potatoes . . 
One peck Red Sweet Potatoes .... 
One peck Jersey Yellow Sweet Potatoes 

One peck Red Yams 

One peck White Yams 

Radishes, White, six bunches 

Radishes, Yellow, six bunches 

Radishes, Red, six bunches 

Sandwich Island Salsify, six bunches . 

Half bushel Spinach, any variety 

Crook Neck Squash, three specimens. 
White Bush Squash, three specimens. 

Cashaw Squash, three specimens 

Heaviest Squash 

One peck Turnips, white 

One peck Turnips, yellow 

Three Yellow Field Pumpkins 

Three Sweet or Pie Pumpkins 

Heaviest Pumpkin 

One peck Purple Tomatoes 

Cne peck Red Tomatoes 

Best display two varieties Watermelons 
Three specimens of Cantaloupes, green 

flesh, any variety 

Three specimens of Cantaloupes, yellow 

flesh, any variety 

For best display of Vegetables . . . 
Celery, any variety, six stalks .... 



1st. 


2d 




Prem. 


Prem. 


3 50 


1 


00 


3 50 


1 





i 3 50 


1 


00 


3 50 


1 





3 50 


1 





1 00 




50 


1 00 




50 


1 00 




50 


1 00 




50 


1 00 




50 


2 00 




50 


2 00 




50 


2 00 




50 


1 50 




50 


2 00 




50 


2 00 




50 


2 50 




50 


2 50 




50 


2 00 




50 


2 50 




5 


2 50 




50 


s 2 50 


1 


00 


2 00 


1 


00 


2 00 


1 


00 


12 00 


5 


00 


1 50 




50 



An Appeal 



is made to the Farmers of Virginia to come forward and make the Fair a success. It has always been under- 
stood that the aid and support of those residing outside of our cities, the actual tillers of the soil, the pro- 
ducers of the wealth of our Commonwealth, was essential to the success of an institution of this character, and 
the management desires it expressly understood that the aid of everyone in the State is solicited and will be 
appreciated — be he the Exhibitor of a bunch of salsify or a herd of cattle. 



1909 



The Fair is Here to Stay. "THE FIRST; WEEK IN OCTOBER." 

VIRGINIA STATE FAIR 



1909 



I 



All questions promptly answered: write for folder of FARM PRODUCTS DEPARTMENT. 

Address: MARK R. LLOYD, General Manager, RICHMOND, YA . 
Hiiiiiiiiiii IIlIXilliril'nIMIlIIlIIililllllll TTT 



656 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



have to be a very heavy rain indeed 
which the land will not absorb and 
dispose of without forming gullies. 
The reason why the rainfall causes 
gullies is because it cannot get down 
into the land becuse the subsoil is 
too compact. Open this and it will 
take in the water and conserve it 
for the use of the crop. It is rare- 
ly that we have more moisture in the 
hill land than the crop needs to ma- 
ture it. Where, owing to special con- 
ditions, it is necessary to terrace, the 
terraces should be kept as nearly on 
the level from end to end as possi- 
ble, so as to prevent the water ac- 
cumulating at points and breaking 
the terrace. The Boston Brady Mfg. 
Co., of Atlanta, Ga., sell terracing in- 
struments. — Ed. 



Curing Tobacco. 

I am anxious to know exactly how 
sun-cured tobacco is cured. I moved 
here (Hanover county) from the 
bright tobacco belt, and know noth- 
ing at all of the methods of curing 
without artificial heat. I have been 
told that o sun cure tobacco it is cut 
and hung in a barn until cured. Now, 
I call that air cured. Will some prac- 
tical, experienced farmer let me hear 
directly from him in regard to this 
matter? I will repay postage. 

I see a great deal written on plow- 
ing. I think most people wait too 
late to plow and plow too shallow. 
I use a No. 1 Dixie and find none 
better. I do not like the Iron Age 
tools. I have a cultivator of that 
make and it is too weak, breaks too 
easily. W. L. STONE. 

Hanover Co., Va. 

Sun curing tobacco is only a modi- 
fication of the air curing system. In- 
stead of being taken directly to the 
barn after it is cut it is hung on a 
scaffold m the field and allowed to 
partially cure there and is then taken 
to the barn later and fully cured out 
there by the air. We shall be glad 
if some of our subscribers who make 
this type of tobacco will fully de- 
scribe their method and give particu- 
lars of the time the tobacco should 
hang on the scaffold before being 
taken to the barn. — Ed. 



Dissolving Bones. 
Please tell me how to dissolve old 
bones so they may be made useful 
as a topdressing. 

C. W. BAIRD. 
James City Co., "Va. 

The only way to dissolve bones so 
that they can be used as a fertilizer 
is to use sulphuric acid upon them 
and this is work which is apt to be 
attended -with risk, as the acid is 
very corrosive and unless carefully 
handled, my easily cause serious 
burns. They will gradually become 
soft and capable of being crushed up 
if mixed with ashes and kept moist 
with water. — Ed. 



Country Water 
Works Outfit 



Y ou can have running water 
anywhere you want it, in 
the house, the barn, or on the 
grounds — in fact you can have 
all the conveniences that can 
be obtained from connection 
with city water works — by 
erecting on your place a 

GOODHUE 
WINDMILL 

and tank outfit such as is 
shown here. We can give you 
the tank on a separate tower 
if you prefer it that way. 

Goodhue Windmills have 
an engine way top (they work 
like an engine); they have 
double arms of heavy channel 
steel, giving more than double 
strength; they govern perfect- 
ly in all kinds of wind; they 
have a practically noiseless 
brake; they are made in sizes 
and styles to meet all require- 
ments, and they are sold under 
a stronger guarantee than any 
other. Send to-day for FREE 
WINDMILL BOOK. 

APPLETON MFG. CO., 

1 34 Fargo St., Batavia, 111., U. S. A. / 





AMERICANSAW MILLS 

RELIABLE i FRICTION FEED 

Ratchet Set Works, Quick Rsceder, Dupla 
Steel Dogs. Strong, 

ACCURATE AND RELIAiLE 



Best material and 
workmanship, light 
running; requires 

little power; simple, 
easy to handle; 
won't get out of 
order. 

BELT FEED MILLS 
in all sizes. 

Log Beam Carriages can be furnished with any of our mills. 

No. 1. Warranted to cut 2,000 feet per day with 6 H. P. engine. Seven 
other sizes made. Also Edgera, Trimmers, Shingle Machines, Lath Mills, Rip 
and Cut-Off Saws, Drag Saws, Cordwaod Saws and Feed Mills. Catalogue sent 
free. 

"Rowe, Mass., October 24, 1908.— I have a No. 1 American Saw Mill and 
send you an order for another Just like It. I run it with my 8 H. P. portable 
gasoline engine; have sawed 6,000 feet of lumber in ten hours with it without 
any trouble. I use a 48-inch saw. 

Youra truly, BRADLEY C. NEWELL." 

AMERICAN SAW MILL MACHINERY CO., 137 Hope St., Hackettstown, N. J. 

OUR AGENTS. — Watt Plow Company, Richmond, Va.,; R. P. Johnson, 
Wytheville, Va.; Hyman Supply Company, New Berne and Wilmington, N. C; 
Gibbes Machinery Company, Columbia, S. C. 



When corresponding with our advertisers always mention Southern Planter. 



3 909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



657 



IfrHEJ 



Union. 

Strength 



Capital, 

$200,000 

Surplus, 

$400,000. 

Deposits, 

$1,500,000 



NION BAN 

Protect Your Money. 

Money hidden' away in the house is in danger of beiDg 
stolen or lost, while- at the same time it is "dead", being 
denied the privilege to grow. Place your savings in a 
reliable bank where they will yield you an income, and 
where your money will have absolute protection. 

'The Oldest, Strongest and Safest Savings Bank in the South 

"■ Pays Interest at 3 Per Cent, Compounded twice a year. 

UNION BANK OF RICHMOND, 1107 E. Main St.. Richmond, Va. 

i Write for our Method of "BANKING BY MAIL", Mention this paper. 



CASE CRANK SHIFT CULTIVATOR 



-the 



This Cultivator is a combination of two popular types — the "Crank Shift" and "Pendulum Swing" 
best features of both being combined in it. . 

The Shift The shifting or dodging of the gangs is done by a straight forward and back movement 

of the feet. The leverage is so powerful that it is done with practically no effort, and the gang responds 
so quickly' that crooked corn can be perfectly cultivated. 

The Levers. When at work the levers are down. Raising them a few inches brings the coil lift 

springs into play, and the gangs are lifted high without effort on the part of the operator. Mounted on 
the main levers are racks and short levers used in regulating the depth of cultivation with their gang, 
each independent of the other. To cultivate deep with either gang, it is only necessary to set the 
short lever backward or forward to cultivate shallow. By this ingen- 
ious arrangement of levers, one gang can be lowered to follow a 
dead furrow, and the other raised to cultivate a ridge, or both low- 
ered in crossing a furrow or low spot. Setting the gangs with the 
short lever has no effect on their being lifted full height out of the 
ground with the main levers. 

The Telescope Axle. — Like all other features, this one is perfect, 
and permits a range of adjustment between wheels from 44 inches out 
to 52 inches. . 

The Wheels. — The wheels are made with removable and capped 
hub — the kind that can be greased right without removing anything 
but the cap. Better than dust-proof, for every greasing forces out all 
the old greases and any dirt that may have gotten into the bearing. 



CASE WALKING CULTIVATOR 

Has adjustable coil-lifting springs which are attached to a sleeve 
with a coupling on the forward end of the gangs instead of the gangs 
themselves. 

When in action the adjusting springs come immediately over the 
axle, but as the gangs are raised from the ground the springs 
are carried out from the center and increase in pressure as the han- 
dles are raised. 

OUR COMPLETE CATALOGUE, GIVING PRICES ON ALL FARM MAC HINERY, SENT FREE ON REQUEST. 





THE IMPLEMENT CO. 



1302 E. MAIN STREET 



RICHMOND, VA. 



658 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



Nitrate of Soda for Lawn. 

Will you kindly tell me how to use 
nitrate of soda as a fertilizer for a 
lawn? I have tried sprinkling the 
dry nitrate over the lawn, but with 
poor success. I want to use it as a 
solution. How much should I put in 
a gallon of water, and how often 
should I use it? 

(Mrs.) E. L. WINSLOW. 

King Co., Wash. 

Use a tablespoonful in a gallon of 
water and apply once or twice a 
week. — Ed. 



Cement Blocks for Barn and Silo 
Building. 

Will you kindly inform me whether 
a wall made of cement blocks (8- 
inch) will be sufficient support for 
a two-story barn, one-half story un- 
der ground. Also, whether the same 
will be sufficient to build a silo 8x10 
feet and 16 feet high, same to be 
built square, and in the barn, one 
side to make a part of wall of the 
barn. Will a silo of this size keep 
as well as a larger one, say, 16 feet? 

Hanover Co., Va. J. C. REDD. 

We doubt very much whether a sin- 
gle, eight-inch block wall will be 
strong enough for a two-story barn 
unless the blocks are reinforced with 



steel tie rods. Better write the At- 
las Portland Cement Co., Depart- 
ment 116, 30 Broad St., New York 
City, and ask them to send you their 
hand-book on Concrete Construction 
on the Farm. This will enable you 
to decide on the proper way to build. 
As to the silo, we do not think this 
will be strong enough to resist the 
pressure built only with the blocks. 
It should be reinforced with steel 
rods in the walls. It would be better 
in building to cut off the square cor- 
ners in the inside, making it practi- 
cally eight-sided. Square corners 
never allow the silage to settle well 
and make pockets to hold air to spoil 
the silage. A round silo always keeps 
the silage better than a square one. 
There will be less waste of silage in 
a larger one than in one only 8x10 
feet, if you have stock enough to 
eat the silage taken off in layers of 
six inches- or more thick each time 
of feeding. Depth, however, is of 
more importance than surface area 
in securing a good silage, and sixteen 
feet high should give you depth 
enough to compress the silage suffi- 
cient to keep well, though if we 
could get twenty or twenty-five feet 
we would do so. If you would write 
Professor L. Carrier, of the Experi- 
ment Station, Blacksburg, Virginia, 
he would give you valuable help in 
this matter as he has had practical 
experience in building concrete silos. 
—Ed. 



Alfalfa Growing. 
Your advice and criticism of my 
ideas on sowing alfalfa would be 
highly appreciated. I have five acres 
of dark grey chocolate soil which is 
well set in German clover, now in 
full bloom. As soon as the clover is 
dry I snail plow it under, as I under- 
stand it is more beneficial at this 
stage than at any other. The land 
will then be cut fine by four horses 
to Clark's twenty-disc cutaway har- 
row and seeded to peas, one bushel 
to the acre. The peas will be cut 
for hay and the stubble will be plow- 
ed under at once. The land will be 
gotten in fine order by running the 
cutaway harrow over it each way or 
a sufficient number of times to make 
the soil as fine as a garden plot. 
I will then use the following fertil- 
izer, one thousand pounds each to 
the acre, getting it in with a drill: 
Lime, Tennessee floats, or ground 
phosphate rock, which cost about 
$7.50 per ton, delivered at my rail- 
road station. I will use floats at $7.50 
per ton instead of bone at $30.00 per 
ton. The floats have 28 per cent, of 
phosphoric acid and the bone has on- 
ly about 14 per cent.. I will use cot- 
ton seed meal for ammonia and some 
potash. The last two fertilizers; viz., 
cotton seed meal and the potash, I 
would like you to advise me what 
amount of each to use to an acre. 
Powhatan Co., Va. R. P. BURWELL. 

In this issue you will find two ar- 



THE AULTMAN ®L TAYLOR 

Engines 
Threshers 
Saw Mills 

MODERN UF TO-DATE IN EVERY RESPECT. 

Machinery built to give the best 

SATISFACTION 






Catalogues on application to Home 
Office, Mansfield, 0., or 

W. K. Bache, Salesman, 

RICHMOND, VA. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



659 




Best Ginning Most Cotton 
Greatest Profits 



The perfect principle of the MUNGER System Gins gives the Grower more 
profit to the acre ; the ginner more bales to the day. Close ginning, 
steady running and greatest profits are certain characteristics of the 

MUNGER 

THE PERFECT SYSTEM 

The famous MUNGER System is a saving of time and power, and will handle cotton too wet for any 
other gin. The MUNGER Separator, Lint Flue System aid Battery Condenser decidedly improve the 
sample of the cotton, as compared with any other gin. 

The MUNGER System gives choice of Munger, Pratt, Smith, Winship and Eagle Gins. 
No "Freak Features " One or two story installation. Single machines or complete 
Equipment. Engines, Boilers, Linters and full line of Cotton Machinery. 



PLANS AND ESTIMATES FREE 



CATALOGUE ON APPLICATION 



CONTINENTAL GIN COMPANY 



Atlanta, Ca. 



Birmingham, Ala 



Charlotte, N. C Dallas, Texas Memphis, Term. 

(Address sales office nearest you) 



Bridgewater, Mass. (For export) 



tides dealing very fully with the 
growing of alfalfa. Carefully read 
these and you will have ahout the 
best advice you can obtain on how- 
to proceed. Commenting on your 
proposed method, we would say that 
we would not wait for the crimson 
dover to become thoroughly dead 
before cutting it into the land. If 
you do this you will fill your land 
so full of crimson clover seed which 
will germinate amongst the peas and 
subsequently in the alfalfa that you 
will run a risk of it smothering out 
the alfalfa. Cut the crop into the 
land before the seed is fully formed 
and ripened and then you will avoid 
much of this trouble and yet • get 
great good from the vegetable mat- 
ter and the nitrogen on the roots. 
Young alfalfa is easily smothered out 
by a more strongly growing crop 
and crimson clover, when turned un- 
der after the seed is ripe, makes usu- 
ally a very heavy growth in the fall. 
The pea stubble, after the vines 
have been cut for hay, would be bet- 
ter cut in with the disc rather than 
plowed down. Plowing the stubble 
down has a tendency to cause a loss 
of the nitrogen gathered on the roots 
and the turning up of new soil by 
the plow brings weed seeds to the 
surface to trouble the alfalfa. You 
will be able, with the disc, to get a 
good seed-bed and avoid these two 
difficulties. As to the fertilizer, the 



lime and phosphate rock are all right 
Put the lime on when the pea stub- 
ble is being cut into the land and let 
lay for a week or ten days before 
applying the phosphate or floats. As 
to the cotton seed meal, you will not 
need to apply any nitrogenous fertil- 
izer. The clover and the peas will 
have supplied enough of this to start 
the alfalfa and after it nas com- 
menced to grow it will get its own 
nitrogen from the atmosphere. It 
may be well to use some potash 
though we think the lime will proba- 
bly released sucient from your soil 
to meet the needs of the alfalfa. 
Anyhow, fifty pounds of muriate of 
potash per acre would be ample to 
apply. — Ed. 



GOOD HOUSEKEEPING. 
Fried Chicken in Batter. 

When the spring chickens are very 
small it makes them go farther to 
dip the pieces in batter before fry- 
ing. Prepare the chicken as usual 
for frying, always, if possible, at least 
a day before using. Dip each piece 
in batter made with one pine of flour; 
two eggs, salt, pepper, and milk 
enough to make a stiff batter, about 
a cup and a half, fry at once in deep, 
boiling fat, and lay on a collender to 
strain off the grease, garnish with 
parsley; serve hot. 

English Peas. 

Shell the peas and throw them in 



cold water until about forty minutes 
before dinner. Put fresh water in a 
closed pan and add a little salt; let 
it boil and put the peas in; boil 
gently until tender; strain off the 
water; butter generously, and serve 
hot. 

Boiled Potatoes. 

Put the new potatoes in the stove 
for five mmutes and then transfer 
them to boiling water, and let them 
boil; if large, nearly an hour; pour 
off the water, tilt the top of trie pot 
to one side so that the steam can es- 
cape, and keep them hot for five 
minutes longer; serve them in the 
jackets or not, as you prefer. 
Green Pea Fritters. 

Boil a quart of peas; you may use 
those not quite tender enough for 
using in any other way. While hot 
mash them and season with butter, 
pepper and salt; make a batter, with 
three eggs, a cup of flour, a cup of 
milk, and a teaspoon of baking pow- 
der; stir the peas into this and beat 
hard. Cook on hot, well greased grid- 
dle, and fry on both sides. 

Scalloped Cauliflower. 

Boil the head of the cauliflower in 
a close vessel with water enough to 
cover until it is tender, then cut off 
the clusters and pack it in a pud- 
ding dish with the stems down. 
Make a dressing of one cup of stale 
crumbs, two tablespoons of butter, 
one egg, nearly a cup of milk, sea- 






6G0 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



son with salt and pepper, and pour 
the dressing over the cauliflower. 
Bake fifteen minutes, covered, and 
then take off the cover and brown 
nicely. 

Breakfast Puffs. 

One quart of milk, a pint of flour, 
four eggs beaten light, separately, 
salt, and a dust of baking powder; 
beat hard and bake in a hot oven in 
puff pans. Do not take out until the 
crust is well formed, else the puff 
will collapse. 

Corn Muffins. 

Boil a cup of grits until well done, 
and let it set aside to cool; take one 
quart of meal, three eggs, one tea- 
spoon of soda, and enough butter- 
milk or clabber to make a moderate 
ly thick batter, add the grits; beat 
hard and add two tablespoons of 
lard; bake quickly in muffin pans and 
serve very hot. They are better if 
not very thick. 

Fried Mush. 

Boil a quart of water with a tea- 
spoon of salt in it, while boiling add 
slowly a cup and a half of sifted 
corn meal; stir constantly until the 
mass is smooth, and then let it boil 
for two hours. Turn it into a pan 
and in the morning cut in slices and 
dip in meal and fry in hot fat. 
Sponge Roll. 

Six eggs beaten separately until 
very light, four cups flour, three cups 
sugar, one cup cold water, one tea 



spoon of soda, and two of cream tar- 
tar, sifted in the flour twice; flavor 
with pineapple extract and bake in 
sheets in the biscuit pans. Turn it 
out on a damp towel and spread jel- 
ly or any other preferred filling over 
it and roll. Put a dry cloth around 
the roll until it is cold. 
Caramel or Burnt Sugar Flavoring for 
Cream. 
Clean an iron frying pan until like 
new, then put into it three cups of 
white sugar, set it over a not fire 
and let it melt slowly and burn. 
When a rich dark brown, pour into 
it three cups of boiling water and 
stir vigorously; let it boil until as 
thick as molasses, then season your 
cream to taste with it. A cup of 
blanched and chopped almonds is a 
great improvement in anything you 
season with carmel. Caramel will 
keep indefinitely. 

CARAVEN. 



Ringing a Bull— Strawberries — 
Hemlock — Mallard Ducks — Col- 
or of Eggs Laid by the Differ- 
ent Breeds 650 

Colic 652 

Terracing Land 654 

Curing Tobacco 656 

Dissolving Bones 656 

Wolf Teeth— Nut Grass 656 

Nitrate of Soda for Lawn 658 

Cement Blocks for Barn and Slio 

Building 658 

Alfalfa Growing 658 



DETAILED INDEX. 
Sore Eyes in Chickens — Sores on 

Horse — "Dead Cream" 644 

Preparing Land 644 

Clover for Name 646 

Improving an Old Pasture 646 

Cedar Trees and Fruit Trees.... 647 

Alfalfa 64V 

Raising Early Vegetable Plants.. 647 

Improving Land 648 

Dehorning Calves and Cows- 



Look for our advertisement in the 
next issue. — McComh & Block, Live 
Stock Commissioner Merchants, Rich- 
mond, Va. 



m Save You $30 

On a Manure Spreader 
-If You'll Let Me -* 

This is just a little ad — but a postal will bring my Big 
Book — and give you my $50.00 Saving Price and Special 
Proposition. You can save as much answering this little ad- 
vertisement as if it coveied a page. 

My Spreader positively will do better work and last longer 



than any Spreader made — no mat- 
ter what the price— so why pay $50 
more? 20,000 farmei s have 
stamped their O. K 
my spreader and money, 
saving price. My Special 
Proposition will interest you. 
Just a postal addressed to Gal- 
loway of Waterloo, Iowa, will 
bring you everything postpaid. 

Will You Pay a Penny For 

The Postal and Save $50.00? 

Address Wm. Galloway, Pre*. 

WM. CALLOWAY CO. 

21 9 Calloway Sta. Waterloo, la 



Freight 
Paid 




trarc< aen*o*c< c< a« tt«a*H« a« n* a< cs c* n« c< s< c< £* s t otn<a«ar cstEStn* a<a<a<a^a<2< 2< 





HENCH ® DROMGOLD 

CORN DRILLS. 

HOOSIER AND SATTERLEE 

CORN PLANTERS AND WIRE 
CHECK=ROWERS. 

POSTAL US FOR CATALOGUES OR ANY INFOR- 
MATION DESIRED. 

Fairbanks-Morse Gasoline and Kerosene En- 
gines, Wind-Mills, Towers, Tanks, New Holland 
Corn and Cob Mills, Wood Saws, ©wensbor* and 
Buckeye Farm Wagons, Hickory and Peters Bug- 
gies and Carriages, Bissell and Genuine Dixie 
Plows and Repairs, J. I. Case Portable and Trac- 
tion Engines, Separators. 



NEW IDEA MANURE 
SPREADER. 

Built like a wagon — Axles same 
length. Tires 4 Inches wide — Be»t on 
earth. Write for special offer on first 
machine sold In each county of oar ter- 
ritory. 

F. C. HOENNIGER & BRO. INC. 



1432 E. MAIN ST., 



RICHMOND, VA. 




F. C. HOENNIGER, Pres. & Tress. J 

T. W. HOENNIGER, V.-Pres. and Mgr.l 

L. O. BOONE, Secy. 

CK!«W«>2>2«V2««>C>2>CI2>C>2>C K3 >S >C K3 > E >3 >2 J>C >2 >2 >C 1 2 >S >C>S >S >S >B K2K3 »2 >B > 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



661 




ALLANDALE FARM 



IMPORTED AND ISLAND BRED JERSEYS 



We have for sale, at reasonable prices, a few select Cows rich in the blood 
of the great Golden Fern's Lad, Imported Fox, Tormentor, King Koffee, and 
other well-known families, with calf to Imported Stockwell 75264 (the sensa- 
tional bull that sold for $11,500, world's record price at an auction sale), Bar- 
onetti's Golden Lad 67908, Eminent's Goldmont Lad 70268, Fern's Success 
72247, and other noted sires. 

Several young Lulls by Imported Stockwell 75264, Baronetti's Golden Lad 
67908, and Golden Lad of Berlin 75310, one ready for service. 

SHOW HORSES. TROTTING STALLIONS. BULL TERRIERS. 

ALLANDALE FARM 

FREDERICKSBURG, VA. 



662 



THE SOUTHEKN PLANTER. 



[June, 



WASHINGTON NOTES. 
Bond Issues for Good Roads. 

Washington, D. C, May, 1909.— 
County bond issues for good roads 
building is strongly advocated by 
Maurice O. Eldridge, of the Office of 
Roads Inquiry of the Department of 
Agriculture, as the most sensible 
method of local road improvement. 
If this is such a good thing, why, it 
may be asked, wasn't it as good fifty 
years ago as now, and why hasn't 
it been invoked to a greater extent 
by various progressive communities? 

The answer is that good road build- 
ing is a science and not one to be 
mastered in a day, either. Many au- 
spicious movements have been start- 
ed for extensive good road construc- 
tion mucn longer than fifty years ago; 
but have failed ignobly because of 
lack of knowledge of fundamental 
principles. It may be said without 
fear of contradiction that there never 
was such real progress in, nor such 
opportunity for, good road work as 
there is righc now. The Agricultural 
Department is not only willing and 
anxious to freely give the best expert 
advice to any county or community 
desirous of road improvement, but it 
will exercise a supervisory interest 
over construction if desired, so that 



there is no longer the ancient danger 
of waste or error. The Department 
can point to many localities which 
are the most striking object lessons 
of 

First, the entire practicability of 
constructing enduring roads where 
they never existed before, and, 

Second, the reduction of taxes fol- 
lowing construction and the general 
upbuilding of the community so im- 
proved. 

"Money from bond issues for good 
roads," says Mr. Eldridge, "means 
that a county is able to secure im- 
mediate benefits from improved 
roads instead of by instalments, as 
would be the case under a cash sys- 
tem of taxation. The county has the 
roads and receives the benefit from 
them while it is paying for them. 

"Again, instead of getting piece- 
meal and expensive construction, 
where the money is all in hand the 
work can be laid out in a comprehen- 
sive manner and accomplished in tde 
most effective and economical wa.,. 

"Bonds for road improvement fre- 
quently bring enough premium to pay 
several years' interest on the princi- 
pal. Ninety thousand dollars' worth 
of 5 per cent, bonds for road im- 



provement sold recently for $119,000 
in Bradley county, Tennessee." 



Spraying for Late Blight. 

In overcoming late blight, the 
Wooster Station asserts that little 
can be expected from selection as in 
the case of early blight, but that 
spraying with Bordeaux mixture is 
quite effective. In six plats, naif of 
each of which were sprayed and half 
left unsprayed, the yields were ninety- 
nine pounds, ninety-six pounds, ninety- 
eight pounds, seventy-four pounds, fif- 
ty pounds, and one hundred and six- 
teen pounds for the unsprayed portion, 
and 146 pounds, 113 pounds, 106 
pounds, 84 pounds, 112 pounds, and 
150 pounds, respectively, for the 
sprayed portions. 

Again, the Wisconsin Station spray- 
ed 30 acres at a cost of $3.70 per acre 
with a net gain ranging from $15.50 
to $36.00 per acre. Another series of 
experiments was carried on in wmch 
the average gains on four fields were 
at the rate of 18.9, 40, 47, and 29 bush- 
els per acre. 

GUY ELLIOTT MITCHELL. 



Always mention The Southern 
Planter when writing advertisers. 



ACCA STOCK FARM 

Trotting Horses and Jersey Cattle 

of the richest breeding and most fash- 
ionable strains of blood. Our herd of 
Jerseys has been selected with great 
care, and includes choice representa- 
tives of families, both noted as pro- 
ducers and show ring- winners. 

STALLIONS IN SERVICE. 

\k:-r. 42021, chestnut horse, 4, by 
Aquilin, 2:19%, son of Bingen, 2:0614; 
dam Pavetta, by Pistachio, 2:21%. 
Akar paced a trial in 2:15%, with 
quarters better than 30 seconds last 
season at 3 years old. 

Berro, 41821, trotter, bay horse, 4, 
by Bingar, son of Bingen, 2:06%, dam 
Keshena, by Kremlin, 2:07%. 

Fee for either horse $25 season, with 
return privilege. Address, 

GRIFFITH & SAUNDERS, 

Acca Stock Farm, 

Richmond, Va. 



H. G. CARTER. W. J. CARTER. 

H. Q. CARTER & COMPANY 

Successors to 

F. H. DEANE & CO. 

HAY, GRAIN, MILL-PEED. 

1105 East Cary Streect, 

RICHMOND, VA. 

JACK COOK, 2504 

Gray horse, trial 2:2614, trotting, by 
General Wilkes, 2:21%, dam Irene Fell, 
dam of Johnny Agan, 2:05%, etc., by 
Mambrlno Abdallah, 2201. Jack Cook 
has sired Capt. Cook, 2.20%, and other 
winners. 



For terms address 



W. C. COLGATE, 



Saxe, Va. 



or 



DR. DONALD McPHAIL, Randolph, Va. 



STUNERIDGE AND SHETLAND STOCK FARMS 

Wealth, 29579, record 2.10; brown horse, 
16 hands, by Gambetta Wilkes, 2:19%, 
dam Magnolia, by Norfolk. Fastest 
harness stallion in Virginia. Blue rib- 
bon winner. $25 insurance. 

Emperor Wilkes, a grand type of the 
trotting-bred coach stallion. $15 In- 
surance. 

Stoneridge Jack, blue ribbon winner 
at the Virginia State Fairs, 1906, 1907 

1908. $10 insurance. 

IRVING J. COFFIN, 

Phone 4464-L. R. F. D. No,.", 

Richmond, Va. 

TROTTER J W. PARRISH, 45338. 

Bay horse, 16 hands; weight 1,200 
r.ounds, foaled 1902. Sired by Dum- 
barton. 33,799, dam Maud Elliver, by 
Conductor, 12,256. 

Terms — $8 single leap; $15 season: 
$25 insurance. Address, 

JOSEPH BAKER. 
Lloyds, Essex Connty, Vn. 

1909. Warren Park Stud. 1909 

MONTEREY. 

Bay horse, 16% hands, 1,250 pounds. 

foaled 1903, by Montana, dam Mar- 

tenette, by Silver Bow. Monterey has 

grand size and was a good race horsn. 

J. GIBSON KEMPER, 

Clifton Station, Va. 

S. C. RHODE ISLAND REDS, "BLUE 
Ribbon" strain; extra fine cockerels 
for sale. Eggs for sitting at all 
times. SUNCREST POULTRY COM- 
PANY, Highland Park, Richmond, Va. 

LONGLANE. 

Bay horse, 16 hands, weight 1,200 
pounds; sired by Longstreet, dam 
Highland Lassie, by imp. Highlander, 
second dam Algeria, by Abd el Kader 
third dam Nina, Planet's dam, by Bos- 
ton. This grand looking thoroughbred 
stallion a blue ribbon winner at State 
Fair every time shown. 

For terms and tabulated, with rich- 
est breeding, address, 

G. PERCY HAWES, 

Twenty-ninth and Dock Streets, 

Richmond, Vn. 



Can Cancer be Cured? 

IT CAN. 

We want every man and woman In 
the United States to know what we 
are doing — we are curing Cancers, Tu- 
mors and Chronic Sores without the 
ise of the knife or by X-Ray, and are 
endorsed by the Senate and Legisla- 
ture of Virginia. 

We Guarantee our Cures. 

KELLAM HOSPITAL, 

1615 AVest Main St., Richmond, Va. 

FRED C. KELLAM, President. 



BLUE AND GRAY. 

Chestnut horse, by Hindoo, dam Red 
and Blue, by Alarm, second dam Mag- 
gie B. B., dam of Iroquois, winner of 
the English Derby. An lmpre«slve 
thoroughbred sire. 

Fee, $10 season. 

MANN S. VALENTINE, 
Stokes, ..Goochland Co., Va. 



1909 



PETAURIST, 42431. 1909 



Trial 2:27% Trotting: 

Bay horse, foaled 1904, by Peter the 
Great, 2.07%; dam Telka, by Arion, 
2:07%; second dam La Jolla, by Ad- 
vertiser, 2:15%. Bred in the purple 
and a blue ribbon winner in the show 
ring. 

$25 season with return privilege. 

JOSEPH LASITTER, 

Southern Stock Yards. Richmond, Va. 

RUSSELL REX, JR. 

Trotter, bay horse, 16% hand, weight 
1,250 pounds, foaled 1904, by Russell 
Rex, 16728, dam Penelope Whitley, by 
Carlos, 6750. A grand type of the trot- 
ting bred coach stallion, with beauty 
of form and high finish. 

Terms $10 single leap; $20 season; 
$25 insurance. 
S. A. WHITLEY, Smithfleld, Va. 



1909.] 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



663 



Don't Heat the Kitchen 

All the necessary family cooking may be done as well 
on a New Perfection Wick Blue Flame Oil Cook- 
Stove as on the best coal or wood range. 

Byusing the "New Perfection" Oil Stove, the annoyance 
of an overheated and stuffy kitchen is entirely avoided, 
even in midsummer. The scientific construction of the 

NEW PERFECTION 

Wick Blue Flame Oil Cook-Stove 

ensures quick work and a cool kitchen. The 

"New Perfection" has a substantial CABINET 

TOP for warming plates and keeping food hot after it is cooicea. Also aropv 

shelves on which to set small cooking utensils — every convenience, even 

to bars for holding towels. Made in three sizes. Can be had either with 

or without Cabinet Top. If not at your dealer's, write our nearest agency. 





The 




QSfo Lamp 



is substantially made of brass, finely nickeled 
and very handsome. Gives a powerful light 
and burns for hours with one filling. Portable, safe, convenient 
— just what every home needs. If not with your dealer, write our nearest agency. 



STANDARD OIL COMPANY 

(Incorporated ) 



n>a>n>a»n>s>n»n>n«i>B>a>5s»n>H>n>s>a>Biffl*n<E*n«»n<n<!»ss<E»n<s*B»n«n«Dtc»SKWs<B«a 



National Pneumatic Water Supply 

FOR COUNTRY AND SUBURBAN HOMES. 

Gives all the advantages of a city water works and furnishes 
fire protection, which reduces insurance rates. The accompanying 
sketch shows a complete water system ,bath and kitchen plumbin 

In connection with our WATER SYSTEM and plumbing equip- 
ment, we furnish plans and specifications and equipment for the 
construction of septic sewer tanks which will dispose of your 
sewage in a most satisfactory manner. 

Send us rough sketch showing location of well and plumb- 
ing fixtures and give depth of well. If you have a spring give 
distance from, house, fall from house to spring and fall obtain- 
able in spring, . branch, and flow in gallons per minute. State 
how much water required per day, and we will furnish estimate 
of cost free. 

We furnish system in any capacity from 140 gals, up, and 
for the application of any kind of power for pumping. 

Get our prices on WINDMILLS, 
GASOLINE ENGINES, HOT AIR 
ENGINES, PUMPS OP ALL KINDS, 
AND HYDRAULIC RAMS. IN- 

QUIRE ABOUT OUR BURN SON 
RANGES. WRITE FOR CATALOG. 



GRAHAM DAVIDSON & 
COMPANY, 

Richmond, ■ Virginia. 



ri 





HERE IS OUR GUARANTEE: 

You purchase a NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY 
SYSTEM, Install it according to directions fur- 
nished by us, operate It for one year, and if at the 
end of that time you are not satisfied in every par- 
ticular, YOU CAN RETURN THE SYSTEM TO US, 
AND WE WILL PAY THE FREIGHT CHARGES, 
AND REFUND TO YOU IN CASH EYERY DOL- 
LAR YOU HA YE PAID US. 



B«B*B*B*B*E«B<B*E*B«B*E*B*B*B*B<a<B«B<E<a *B«B*E*a*B*a<B« 



064 



THE SOUTHERN PLANTER. 



[June, 



Not a Cent in Advance 



To show our faith in our buggies and surreys, we will ship any reputable person any rig we sell, 
and let him set it up an examine it thoroughly, and if it is entirely satisfactory to him, he may pay for it 
ten days after its arrival. All that is necessary is for him to send us two references, for this is' simply 
business. What we want to do is to make it possible for everyone to secure our low prices, for we sell ve- 
hicles cheaper than anyone in the. East, at no risk at all to them. Please remember that you may return any 
rig ordered, at our expense, within ten days if it is not what you wish. 






THIS TOP BUGGY ONLY $45.00 




We have built up a large vehicle business by selling high grade rigs at wholesale ■ prices, for our 
profit usually is not more than 10 per cent. Our factory is in Virginia, and freight to you on any rig will 
be very little. We also carry a stock in our warehouse in Richmond, and can ship you either from our fac- 
tory or from Richmond, as you may desire. 

Send for Our New Buggy Catalogue. 

We have just gotten out some special styles for this season, so be sure and send for our catalogue 
before buying. Remember that we are headquarters for everytning ths farmer needs. 

The Spotless Company 

122 SHOCKOE SQUARE, RICHMOND, VA. 

THE SOUTH'S MAIL ORDER HOUSE 



Labor Saving Implements, Machinery and Vehicles 




General 
Agents for 
the Cele- 
brated 
McCor- 
mick 
Mowers. 




Porters Hay 

Carriers, 
Hay Forks, 
Hangersand 
Track car- 
ried instock. 
Let us esti- 
mate for you 
on complete 
outfits. 



The McCor- 
mick Self 
Dump Rake, 
Best by test. 



The Hock- 
ing Valley 
all Steel 

Tedder 
should be 
owned by 
everyfarmer 



The New 
Deere Hay 
Loader. It 
loads any kind 
of hay cleanly 
and rapidly 
without break- 
ing or injuring 
in any way. 
Write for 
special cir- 
cular. 





Agents for 

Geiser En- 

gines # Geiser 

Threshers 

and Saw Mills 
Modern, Up- 
to-date in 
every respect. 
Get our prices 
before you 
buy. 








We have all 
kinds of Runa- 
bouts Top Bug- 
gies, Surreys 

and Depot 
Wagons Write 
for circular. 




FOR SALE BY 



THE WATT PLOW COMPANY, 

RICHMOND, VA 

1426 East Main Street, ... 1438 East Franklin Street. 









ANOTHER RECORD BREAKING YEAR FOR THE 

NORTHWESTERN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY. 

GROWTH OF COMPANY. 

New Business Paid For. (Not Including Additions.) 

1904 Largest Year in Previous History of the Company * 73,876,037 00 

1905 Largest Year in Previous History of the Company .' 00,334,038 00 

1906 Largest Year in Previous History of the Company 03,885,273 60 

1907 Largest Year in Previous History of the Company 102,242,280 00 

1908 Largest Year in Previous History of the Company 100,773,709 00 

SURPLUS ACCOUNT DECEMBER 31, 1908. 

Dividends apportioned for payment in 1909 $ 11,199,411 56 

Deferred Dividends on policies maturing after 1909 16,847,000 00 

Total Future (assigned) Dividends $ 28,046,411 56 

Unassigned Surplus . , 4,465,646 40 

Total Surplus Funds (on basis of values furnished by New York and Massachusetts Ins. Depts.)..* 32,512,057 96 

T. ARCHIBALD C/UtV, 

General Agent for Virginia and North Carolina, 601 Mutual Assurance Society Building, RICHMOND, VA. 

- - Corrugated V-Crimp Roofing - - 

painted and galvanized 

"Bestoid" Rubber Roofing 

Carey's Magnesia Cement Roofing 

Tarred Paper, Tin Plate, Lime, Ce- 
ment, Hardware, Terra Cotta Pipe, 
Wire Fence, Drain Tile, etc. 

SEND FOR CATALOGUE 

BALDWIN & BROWN. 1557 E. MAIN ST., RICHMOND, VA. 

THE LITTLE SAMSON PEANUT PICRER 

AND GRAIN THRESHER COMBINED 





The above machine can be bought as a Peanut Picker and at a small additional cost the Grain Threshing 
Attachments can be secured, which will enable the same machine to thresh Grain; or we can furnish a straight 
strain machine for grain only. • 

Simplest, lightest and most durable machine on the market, and sold at reasonable prices. Furnished 
either mounted or unmounted. Write for prices. Also see our advertisement on another page of our Little 
Samson Vertical Engine with Pickering Governor. 



STRATTON (& BRAGG CO., 



Petersburg, Virginia.